id author title date pages extension mime words sentence flesch summary cache txt sf268338z83 Amber Handy The Specula Principum in Northwestern Europe, A.D. 650-900: The Evolution of a New Ethical Rule 2011 .txt text/plain 360 13 37 Also addressed is the Christian influence on these mostly traditional texts, as well as the changing nature of idealized masculinity revealed within the advice on leadership and personal behavior. Second, I demonstrate the interconnectivity of these regions by making a case for Irish influence on the Carolingian manuals, which most likely occurred when Irish missionaries and scholars brought ideas to the continent in the eighth and ninth centuries. cache/sf268338z83.txt txt/sf268338z83.txt