id author title date pages extension mime words sentence flesch summary cache txt q811kh06v5p Lawrence P. Zaino Electrochemical Techniques in Nanoscale Devices for Enhanced Chemical Measurement 1904 .txt text/plain 259 10 33 Additionally, by fabricating pores at sub-wavelength dimensions (typically < 100 nm), the optical field becomes highly confined and creates effective sampling volumes < 200 zL. This extremely small sampling volume is particularly useful for studying propertied of single molecules at concentrations up to 100 µM.This work seeks to use nanoscale properties to develop new measurements not previously possible with current macro-scale techniques. An additional circuitry based approach is developed to couple electrochemistry and electrokinetic flow to allow for non-coupled measurements. cache/q811kh06v5p.txt txt/q811kh06v5p.txt