College and Research Libraries 408 College & Research Libraries Corporation, and UNESCO, to name but a few. She is also the author of five books and numerous articles in information sci- ence, library automation, and library sci- ence education. This present work reflects the author's diversity of interests. The volume con- tains on the one hand some highly techni- cal papers, "Books are for Use: Final Re- port of the Subject Access Project'' and ''American Institute of Physics/UDC Proj- ect audacious." On the other hand it also includes such philosophically inclined se- lections as ''Putting Knowledge to Work: Five Lectures by Pauline Atherton,'' and "'More' Is Not Necessarily 'Better."' The reader should be aware that this col- lection does not constitute a compilation of all the papers written by Pauline A. Cochrane on online subject access. One wonders, however, why certain papers were included and others omitted. Not only have the compilers been highly selec- tive but they have also presented several papers in excerpted form, offering no rea- sons for the omissions of sections, figures, charts, and appendixes. It is regrettable that no explicit editorial policy explains these choices. The papers have been left in their origi- nal format, and references vary greatly in style and the amount of information of- fered. The index compiled by Linda Web- ster is very good, although the inclusion of the titles of the selections would have been useful. Furthermore, a bibliography of the thirty papers with full bibliographic information would have enriched the publication. Considering the importance of Cochrane's writings, one hopes that any futu:re collection of her papers will be more complete and will include full biblio- graphical references. The introductions to each of the five sec- tions show the author's current perspec- tive, present the historical background, and summarize the aims of the selected publications. Cochrane answers the ques- tions posed at the beginning of the book by admonishing those responsible to lis- ten to the users' comments in reassessing the first generation of OP ACs; to preserve the best of the traditional catalogs, such as subject classification; and to remove the July 1986 constramts of the new medium. In total this is a worthwhile publication, gathering the views of an eminent author- ity in her field. However, its lack of bibli- ography, its selectivity, and its lack of uni- formity detracts from its overall value. A recent publication by Pauline Coch- rane and Karen Markey in Information Technology and Libraries (June 1985)- "Preparing for the Use of Classification in Online Cataloging Systems" -summa- rizes and updates the views presented in part 4 of this collection. Although in this collection she is evaluating the past twenty-five years of involvement in sub- ject cataloging, in her recent articles, Cochrane demonstrates that she can also be counted on to contribute to the 1980s phase of reassessment and redesign of a new generation of online catalogs.- Moshie Dahms, University of Guelph Library, Ontario. Deiss, William A. Museum Archives: An Introduction. Chicago: Society of Ameri- can Archivists, 1984. 37p. $4, members; $6, others. In addition to businesses and religious organizations, a third constituency that has received special attention in the litera- ture on how to establish an archives is mu- seums. This volume, latest in the series of manuals published by the Society of American Archivists, is part of their sub- series devoted to archival programs in particular settings. One would think that a profession already devoted to the pursuit of preservation for public use would have no trouble with the concept. However, as Deiss, deputy archivist at the Smithsonian Institution, points out, ''there are more than 6,000 museums in the United States, but only a small number have archives programs.'' The intended audience for Museum Ar- chives: An Introduction is ''museum profes- sionals with little or no archival training.'' The author, in fact, addresses the con- cerns of two constituencies in this volume. He is addressing museum administrators who need a better understanding of the justification for archival programs and is considering the needs of practicing _cura- ACQUISITION PERSPECTIVES 4. We have established a reputation for accuracy in billing and shipping to your specifications. Invoices arranged alphabetically by author or title, or numerically by purchase order, and separate billing available upon request for Grant Funds, Title II, gifts, etc . Book House error rate last year was less than one percent of the books we delivered. The best value is accurate fulfillment of your orders. CALL TOLL-FREE TODAY 1-800-248-1146 In Canada & Michigan CALL COLLECT (517) 849-2117 OCLC Vendor No. 17397 SAN 169-3859 the BBOK H USE JOBBERS SERVING UBAAAIES WITH ANY BOOK IN PAINT SINCE 1182 208 WEST CHICAGO STREET JONESVILLE, MICHIGAN 49250 410 College & Research Libraries tors who need an improved sens~ of why and in what way museum practices are different from archival practices. The product is a volume that treats the initia- tion of an archival program in a very gen- eral manner. It is a starting point for those interested in the subject, concluding with a useful bibliography where one might pursue the subject in more depth. Museum Archives: An Introduction is therefore not recommended for anyone with a substan- tial amount of training or knowledge of the archival profession. The first half of the volume discusses the justification for an _archival program in a museum as well as critical issues related to how a program is started. Examples of the uses of archival materials include adminis- trative activities, publicity purposes, and exhibits. Other preliminary information provided in the first section includes ex- plaining archival terminology, conducting a records survey, and defining archival priorities. Examples are prolific in the vol- ume and are · given in the context of mu- seum experiences . Photographic and other illustrative materials derive from museum environments as well. The second half of the volume is a re- view of basic archival procedures, begin- ning with records surveys, continuing through appraisal, accessioning, and ar- rangement and concluding with outreach and public programs. The manual ends with a series of appendixes that are, in fact, types of archival forms appropriate to museum use. Museum Archives: An Introduction is un- questionably very basic but will serve well initially to acquaint museum practioners with the basic procedures and issues of the archival profession. Given the level of the volume, it might only have been strengthened by expanding the appen- dixes to include actual examples of mu- seum archives forms rather than the pro- totypes reproduced here. This would not only add further points of reference but would also demonstrate that some muse- ums have taken to heart Deiss' claim that "the resources of museums vary greatly, · but all of them need to make some provi- sion for the preservation of archival re- cords.''Elizabeth C. Stewart, Folsom Library, July 1986 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York. ~ Foundations of Cataloging: A Source- book. Ed. by Michael Carpenter and Elaine Svenonius. Littleton, Colo. : Li- braries Unlimited, 1985. 276p. $27.50 LC 85-10333. ISBN 0-87287-511-3. This chronologically arranged collection of philosophical essays written from 1841 through 1983 recounts the history of mod- ern cataloging. The selections range from Panizzi's 1841''Rules for the Compilation of the Catalog" to the 1983 essay by Pat- rick Wilson, ''Catalog as Access Mecha- nism: Background and Concepts ." The editors have also included Charles J ewitt' s 1853 work, ''Smithsonian Catalog Sys- tem, 11 which encouraged a standard and uniform style of cataloging, and C. Cut- ter's classic 1904 "Rules for a Dictionary Catalog: Selections, II along with several other equally meritorious selections. With balanced coverage and method, the edi- tors have succeeded in illustrating the past and recent changes in cataloging, cata- logs, and theory with these historical es- says that conclude with M. Gorman's 1981 "Most Concise AACR2" and his 1979 "Cataloging and the New Technologies" as well as the P. Wilson article ''The Cata- log as Access Mechanism: Background and Concepts.'' These essays present ma- jor issues: each is a highlight in the history of cataloging, preceded by an introduction from the editors, placing the individual work in its proper historical context. Read- ers will find this approach useful, be- cause, by providing us with these influen- tial essays on ·cataloging, the editors give a perspective on the past and a feel for the direction in which cataloging is heading. The book is timely, extremely readable and authoritative, and serves as a lively backup for current debate in the catalog- ing field. Its audience, however, may be limited to those in the cataloging field. As is said in the preface, "This anthology is ad- dressed to teachers and students of cata- loging.'' And indeed it is. Those in public service might find this book of marginal interest, as would those involved fu online system design, since the essays deal more "Easily the best index in the field ... an invaluable guide." COVERAGE INCREASED BY25% Art Index has long been regarded as a classic reference source - a reliable, easy-to-use, affordable guide to the information contained in leading publications in virtually all areas of artistic endeavor. Now, fol- lowing an intensive content study, this single-alphabet subject-author index expands its coverage to in- clude 52 additional publications, for a total of 230 periodicals, yearbooks, and museum bulletins, effective with the January 1986 issue of Art Index . Used by Professionals, Students, and Art Enthusiasts Art Index has won an audience in all areas of interest and specializa- tion , among them : • Archaeologists • Architects • Art historians • ·City planners • Designers • Film students • Gallery owners • Librarians • Museum directors • Painters • Performance artists • Photographers • Private collectors • Sculptors . International Coverage Offering an international perspec- tive on developments in the art world , Art Index covers the major English-language publications , as well as periodicals published in French, Italian , German , Spanish , Dutch , and Swedish . Current and Easy-to-Use Art Index provides thorough , timely indexing of a great variety of infor- mation , including feature articles and coverage of book reviews , exhibitions, and performances, and offers : • Specific subject headings that reflect cu rrent terminology. • Extensive cross-references and subheadings . • Entries for reproductions of works of art which appear any- where in the magazines indexed . Now Available Online Art Index is now available for online searching through WILSONLINE® The H.W. Wilson Company's online retrieval service . Offering indexing - AMERICAN REFERENCE BOOKS ANNUAL coverage beginning October 1984, the Art Index database includes the same data as the printed version , as well as added features which enhance retrieval . For a brochure desc ribing WILSONLIN E, along with pricing information and an order fo rm, call the toll-free number below. Retrospective Volumes Now Frat-Rated Permanent retrospective cumula- tions of Art Index from 1929-1980 are now available at special flat rates- making this the perfect time to fill gaps in your collection. To Order A subscription to the printed version of Art Index brings your library quar- terly paperbound issues published in January, April , July, and October, and a permanent annual cloth- bound cumulation . This index is sold on the service basis. The price you pay is based on the degree of use, or service , which Art Index pro- vides for your library. To request a periodicals checklist which will en- able us to determine your no-obli- gation price quotation for a sub- scription to Art Index or for any of the bound volumes sold on the ser- vice basis, please call toll-free: 1·800·367-6770 In New York State, call 1-800-462-6060; in Canada, call collect 1-212-588-8400. WILSONLINE IS A SERVICE MARK OF THE H .W. WILSON COMPANY D The H. w. Wilson c~;;;··'~'" 950 University Avenue , Bronx, New York 10452 212-588-8400 p y 412 College & Research Libraries with philosophical issues than the actual mechanics of automation. Recent writings {post-1983) have not been included be- cause of their preponderance on engineer- ing and system interface design, with less attention given to the underlying philo- sophical issues of cataloging. By placing the selections in such an orderly and logi- cal fashion, these essays show the changes the profession is experiencing, not only in its philosophy but also in the technology shaping the development of cataloging. The issues raised by this collection result from a multitude of well-known factors, among them the problems of defining . user and cataloger needs, economics, and more recently, the advent of automation. A variety of age-old issues and questions are presented in the book, including the problem of defining the catalog's purpose and the method of arranging materials: How does the cataloger meet the objec- tives of the catalog? What has the cata- loger chosen through time to include in the catalog entry? What are the important points to consider? What points of consid- eration have been used in the past? How can cataloging be made economically fea- sible? The question of cost-effectiveness is July 1986 appropriately addressed time and again. Several selections deal with the question of authorship: Who is an author? Should the name of the author be the primary way of identifying library mate_rials? In consid- ering this point several essays investigate the need for main entries, both corporate and noncorporate. Is an author main entry necessary with the automated catalog? Will keyword searching eliminate or dras- tically alter current cataloging practices? Issues like these are addressed in great enough detail to give the reader a grasp of the problems at hand and the difficulties catalogers will face in the future. Since the definition of a catalog and the needs of its users have changed dramati- cally over the last century and a half, the methods employed by catalogers also need to change to keep up with the user's requirements and the technology of the times. Foundations of Cataloging provides a refreshing and thought-provoking look at the past, present, and future of catalog- ing. In view of this it becomes apparent that we can't know where we're going un- til we find out where we've been. -K. Juri- cek, University of Wyoming Library, Laramie, Wyoming. ABSTRACTS The following abstracts are based on those prepared by the ERIC Clearinghouse of Infor- mation Resources, School of Education, Syra- cuse University. Documents with an ED number here may be ordered in either microfiche (MF) or paper copy (PC) from the ERIC Document Reproduction Service, P.O. Box 190, Arlington, VA22210. Orders should include ED number, specify for- mat desired, and include payment for docu~ ment and postage. Further information on ordering documents and on current postage charges may be obtained from a recent issue of Resources in Educa- · tion. The Role of Fees in Supporting Library and Information Services in Public and Aca- demic Libraries. National Commission on Libraries and Information Science. Washington, D.C., 198S. SSp. ED 2S8 S84. MF-$0.7S; PC-$S.40. An overview study was sponsored by the Council on Library Resources to gather existing information on the extent to which fees are charged for library and information services, the percentage of libraries charging for any ser- vices, and the services for which fees are charged. The review panel that conducted the study found that there is little data available on who is charging fees or the services for which they are charged and even less about the effect of fees on access to information. This report of panel's findings is divided into six sections: (1) the context of the fee issue in public and aca- demic libraries; (2) the types of existing fee structures and mechanisms and rationale for setting price; (3) the arguments for and against fees; (4) the types of services for which libraries are charging fees; (S) selected summaries of re-