College and Research Libraries of us are acutely aware of the escalating cost of delivering library services and of the sta- tic and declining budgets of libraries; likewise, we are aware of the many man- agement techniques that can be used to realign libraries' objectives and activities and to rationalize the budget process. The book's important contribution is the persua- sive case it makes for more rational man- agement of libraries in this time of no- growth budgets. The seven short essays and selected bibli- ography are the product of a 1976 confer- ence on no-growth budgets held at Indiana State University. The stage is set by the essay most concerned with a philosophical understanding of the large library's envi- ronment during this period of stasis and decline-an environment of greater budget- ary control exercised by state government and of the politicizing of resource allocation within the university, all leading potentially to an erosion of the library's institutional support. The profession is challenged to develop new role models for libraries and for net- works of libraries and to apply these models to resource allocation decisions at the local level. Perceptively, librarians are advised to engage in a deliberate process of coalition formation and thereby link the well-being of libraries to that of their politically more powerful clienteles. Flowing derivatively from the first essay are a brief, nontechnical presentation of zero-based budgeting in academic libraries; a general explication of one very complex approach to formula budgeting, Washington State's "Model Budget Analysis System for Libraries"; a rehash of some areas in which scientific management can result in im- proved effectiveness and efficiency. Along with a sales pitch for several man- agement techniques developed by the Of- fice of Management Studies at the Associa- tion of Research Libraries, there are a few insightful comments about changing librar- ies' values and improving productivity. Caveat emptor: some of these techniques -especially MRAP-are extremely expen- sive in terms of staff time. Another contributor's suggestion that the business profit making model be applied to libraries to the extent that underutilized Recent Publications I 153 programs be dropped in favor of increasing support for highly used ones, that under- utilized services be sold, that library users be charged a fee, and his advice that librar- ies become the "source and managers of all knowledge, information and data bases in the country" (p.54) manifest an embarras- singly naive understanding of libraries and the knowledge industry. Library Budgeting leads one to question whether it is inevitable that continuing budgetary problems, together with the im- position of sophisticated managerial tech- niques to ameliorate these problems, must lead to a centralization of decision making in libraries, for such is the typical organiza- tional response to a situation calling for tighter control over operations; if so, recent gains in the area of participative decision making may be in jeopardy.-Albert F. Maag, University Librarian, Capital Uni- versity, Columbus, Ohio. Srikantaiah, Taverekere, and Hoffman, Herbert H. An Introduction to Quantita- tive Research Methods for Librarians. 2nd ed. Santa Ana, California: Headway Publications, 1977. 223p. $8.00. ISBN 0-89537-002-6. (Available from: Headway Publications, c/o Rayline Press, 1413 East Edinger, Santa Ana, CA 92705.) A review of this narrative extension of a course syllabus is appropriate for C&RL be- cause it will probably be more useful as a refresher course for the experienced librar- ian than for its announced purpose as a text for a "mandated course in research meth- odology" for students of librarianship. The· practitioner in, or instructor of, quantitative aspects of librarianship tends to "cook book" statistical measures, having forgotten-or, worse, never really learned-the subject matter of this text. The computer spews out indexes of central tendency, of relationship, and of inference; and we tend to use them uncritically. This book will remind us of the limits one must observe in dealing with even the most sophisticated of coefficients. As a "non-mathematical approach to re- search methodology, stressing logic and the reasoning underlying . . . basic methods of quantitative research" for the unselected beginning student, the book needs further revision. In the first place, this objective 154 I College & Research Libraries • March 1978 embodies an unresolvable contradiction. Thus, this is and must be very mathemati- cal. True, each section starts out by intro- ducing the purpose of the quantitative method under consideration in very simple , discursive, readable prose, usually employ- ing library-derived examples (sometimes hypothetical, sometimes real). Then sud- denly all becomes highly abstract, con- densed, and symbolic. The text promptly drops the library-related examples and deals in data sets, rather than books and readers. It is difficult for one who has been over the ground many times before to estimate the effect this sharp acceleration of abstrac- tion would have on beginners . Perhaps the authors of the text are able to carry their students over this threshold by means auxil- iary to the text. However, the typical librar- ianship student is typically long on verbal aptitude but very short on mathematical perception as measured by the Graduate Record Examination. For this reason the wary instructor anticipates an onslaught of statistically induced terror on the part of most beginning students confronted with a condensed text such as this. It is true that those who follow the path set by Herbert Goldhor' s An Introduction to Scientific Research in Librarianship (1972) do not really try to surmount this barrier but rather content themselves with verbal indications of the purposes and limi- tations of each process. They do not force the student to compute any but the most elementary of descriptive measures. This is also a highly questionable expedient in a field where a little knowledge can be dangerou~. Thus, one hopes that subsequent editions of Srikantaiah and Hoffman's brief text will provide a means of introducing the average student to essential comprehension of statis- tical description, inference, hypothesis test- ing, and theory building without the side ef- fects anticipated from the present edition's uneven treatment. What this and other privately published books often lack are the services of an in- form~d but neutral editor, Such an editor would ask whether on p. 71 the authors did not mean to say "hypothesis" rather than "theory." The editor might also ask for some help for the student who is told at the end of chapter 13 (p. 141) that "clearly, neither chi square nor the z test can be recom- mended for studies of differences in categories when large samples are involved" -and left hanging there! Such an editor might notice the omission from the appendix on computers of any ref~ erence to that godsend to library research- ers , the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), recently treated in a short volume by Marchant, Smith, and Stirling (see "Other Publications of Interest"). Again , someone from outside might notice that on p.154 the authors casually introduce the idea of matched pairs as a research method without warning the reader that the device is as perilous as it is seductive. Examples of sacrifice of full, precise ex- planation in the interest of simplification are too numerous in this edition of the text to warrant its use by other than experienced library researchers or advanced students. However, in saying this , one hastens to en- courage Srikantaiah and Hoffman to con- tinue their work. At this stage it shows great promise of becoming a text that is badly needed. Meanwhile, the beginner is better served by established works on elementary statistics at the cost of forgoing the rather superficial library examples of- fered (in the preface) as a principal reason for the existence of this text in its present state.-Perry D. Morrison, Professor of Li- brarianship , University of Oregon, Eugene. Busha, Charles H., ed . An Intellectual Freedom Primer. Littleton, Colorado: Li- braries Unlimited, Inc. , 1977. 221p. $17.50 U.S. and Canada ; $21.00 elsewhere. LC 77-7887. ISBN 0-87287- 172-X. Covering the topics of intellectual free- dom and censorship, the seven articles in this volume constitute more than a "primer," as the title would seem to indi- cate. The editor, Charles H. Busha, says the purpose of the book is to present infor- mation about events in the twentieth cen- tury that have contributed to the erosions of First Amendment rights. The titles and authors of the articles are: "Freedom in the United States in the Twentieth Century," by Busha; "Privacy and Security in Automated Personal Data