College and Research Libraries resources of libraries in the United States have been published. T h e r e are the Histori- cal Records Survey's Guides to Manuscript Collections covering the holdings in various states; Robert B. Downs's American Library Resources, giving the holdings of libraries as listed in bibliographies of various kinds; and, more recently, the National Historical Pub- lications Commission's Guide to Archives and Manuscripts in the United States, as shown in collections, and the National Union Cata- log of Manuscript Collections being compiled on cards by the Library of Congress. There have also been many guides of a more spe- cialized nature to individual library or sub- ject collections, but there has been little until now to cover the manuscript materials of American authors in very great detail. This situation is alleviated to a large ex- tent by die work of the Committee on Man- uscript Holdings, under the chairmanship of Joseph Jones of the University of Texas. T h e purposes of this publication are: ". . . to assist scholars, librarians, dealers, and collectors in locating primary source ma- terials relating to American authors . . encourage and facilitate the enlargement of some fairly extensive but incomplete special author collections," and to . . stimulate some agency or institution to establish a country-wide manuscript inventory and re- porting service." At least the first of these purposes has been accomplished, although much remains to be done by way of assist- ance. T h e manuscript holdings of 287 li- braries for more than 2350 American au- thors are represented in this book. T h e checklist is an alphabetical listing of authors, giving dates when available. For each author, holdings of various libraries are given in eight categories: manuscripts, journals or diaries, letters by an author, let- ters to an author, documents relating to an author, books containing marginalia by an author, special collections relating to an author, and manuscript material attributed to an author but of uncertain authenticity. T h e entries are symbolized to indicate the nature of the holdings, the extent of the collection, and the location of the material. T h e limitations of such a work, in spite of careful preparation, are readily admitted and explained in the introduction. Anyone working with manuscript materials soon be- comes aware of the difficulties in arranging and cataloging such collections just to make them accessible to the researcher. T h e list- ing covers only American libraries and has not attempted to include the many valuable holdings of individuals, dealers, publishing houses, literary agents, and foreign libraries. Thus, American Literary Manuscripts is only a beginning in the constant search for this type of material, but a valuable beginning for the librarian who wishes to assist the scholar in his research.—George M. Bailey, Northwestern University Library. Tennessee Library Lectures University of Tennessee Library Lectures; Numbers Ten, Eleven, and Twelve. Edited by Lanelle Vandiver. Knoxville, T e n n . : University of Tennessee, 1961. 50p. On request. T h e University of Tennessee is to be com- mended for this lecture series on library problems, which reaches the wide world every three years in a modest volume. Ten- nessee is one of the very few institutions which invites distinguished librarians to speak to a general university audience on strictly professional problems of library ad- ministration and operation. Benjamin Powell's lecture (1958), "Sources of Support for Libraries in American Uni- versities" deals principally with support other than that from direct university ap- propriation. Its principal contribution to li- brary literature is the analysis of types of outside aid (gift of money, endowment, books) which came to a number of libraries during 1 9 5 6 / 5 7 . There is a separate analysis of donations to institutions with "Friends of Libraries" and those without. T h e latter group received much less, but Powell states that "one can only speculate about the per- centage of these differences that should be attributed to the presence of organized groups of friends." T h e lecturer views with concern the gen- 402 C O L L E G E A N D R E S E A R C H L I B R A R I E S eral dropping off of foundation grants to build collections. He briefly covers exchange and cooperative agreements as valuable sources of support. One could wish that this lecture had more detail on the prospects for university li- brary support through what must always be its principal source—direct university sup- port by appropriation. T e n years ago Keyes Metcalf pronounced, at the dedication of the Midwest Interlibrary Center, the the- sis that "in our libraries we have a section of our universities that tends . . . to increase in size and cost geometrically, while the rest of the institution grows arithmetically. It is obvious that this cannot go on without the library taking an increasing percentage of our total resources."1 T h a t same year the reviewer appeared before the Sixteenth An- nual Conference of the Graduate Library School of the University of Chicago to pre- sent evidence that the situation was exactly the opposite. This states, in part: "As uni- versity income has grown enormously in dol- lars and far less rapidly in purchasing power, the increases have been shared with the li- braries but not shared proportionately. W e may argue that libraries should be receiving a larger increase than other academic depart- ments, but university administrations have not operated in accordance with that argu- ment." 2 Now that ten years have elapsed an examination of library support from uni- versity appropriation would be a great serv- ice to the profession. Dr. Louis Shores in " T h e Undergraduate and His Library" develops the main thesis that "the primary reason for the failure of much of our college education today can be found in the current approach." As this would indicate, the writer swings a heavy axe on teaching methods in a manner that most librarians would applaud. But we might question that "the current Under- graduate Library trend is but another mile- stone along the road to educational revolu- tion" or that "the Undergraduate Library is simply another evidence that reading room and classroom are about to exchange relationships." T h e subject of the lecture was undoubtedly dictated by the establish- 1 Keyes D. Metcalf. "University Libraries F a c e the F u t u r e , " Library Quarterly 2 2 : 5 - 1 2 (January 1 9 5 2 ) . 2 Arthur T . Hamlin. " T h e Financial and Economic Status of Research Libraries," Library Quarterly 2 3 : 190-198 (July 1 9 5 3 ) . ment of an undergraduate library at die University of Tennessee and the author per- formed a worthy service in presenting the potential for the undergraduate library. T h e principal contribution to our profes- sional literature comes in Archie L. McNeal's 1960 lecture on "Divisional Organization in the University Library." He shrewdly points out that while "In theory, the subject divi- sion is staffed by a professional librarian with qualifications also in the subject matter of the division. In practice, the subject spe- cialist is many times the professional librar- ian available." He then presents evidence to show that "the provision of subject spe- cialists . . . is limited approximately half the time the libraries are open for service." Finally he challenges the theory that the specialist in a field provides better service in a divisional library than "the good general reference librarian." Other advantages of the divisional plan are placed under the micro- scope and found deficient so as to build up a strong case for the general, upper division research library with central reference serv- ice.—Arthur T. Hamlin, University of Cin- cinnati. Academic Administration Government of Colleges and Universities. By John J. Corson. New York: McGraw- Hill Book Company, Inc., 1960. 209p. $5.50. This study was undertaken at the sug- gestion of John W. Gardner, President, and James A. Perkins, Vice President, of the Carnegie Corporation, supported by grants of the Corporation, and published as one of the books in the Carnegie Series in American Education. It is interesting that a professional management consultant was chosen to conduct the inquiry, and his find- ings and conclusions should not be particu- larly surprising to presidents, academic of- ficers, faculty members, and trustees who have been concerned with the question of governance. T w o private, two urban, two denomina- tional, and two state universities and two liberal arts colleges were selected for ob- S E P T E M B E R 1 9 6 1 403