College and Research Libraries f a s c i n a t i n g r e c o r d of t h e l a s t 100 y e a r s as seen t h r o u g h t h e lens of t h e p h o t o g r a p h e r . N o t only t h e r e s u l t s , b u t also t h e i n t e n t i o n behind t h e p i c t u r e s a r e of g r e a t significance. O f m o r e specialized a p p e a l is a v o l u m e r e - cently issued by t h e L e i c a W o r k s , t h e f i r m of E r n s t L e i t z in W e t z l a r , to c e l e b r a t e t h e o n e - h u n d r e d t h a n n i v e r s a r y of t h e f i r m . E r i c h S t e n g e r , f o r m e r l y p r o f e s s o r of scientific p h o t o g r a p h y a t t h e B e r l i n T e c h n i s c h e H o c h - schule, a n d one of t h e l e a d i n g h i s t o r i a n s of p h o t o g r a p h y — a n d t h e r e a r e n o t m a n y in e x i s t e n c e — i s t h e a u t h o r . H e h a s p r e s e n t e d a f a s c i n a t i n g a n d p i c t u r e s q u e a c c o u n t , w e l l i l l u s t r a t e d , of t h e v a r i o u s a t t e m p t s t o c r e a t e a m i n i a t u r e c a m e r a . I do n o t k n o w if t h e b o o k w i l l be c o m m e r c i a l l y a v a i l a b l e . B u t i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t this c a n u n d o u b t e d l y be o b t a i n e d by w r i t i n g to t h e E r n s t L e i t z W o r k s in W e t z l a r . — H e l l m u t Lehmann-Haupt, School of Library Service, Columbia Uni- versity. T h e Analysis of Library Problems: Three Surveys Report of a Survey of the Library of Stanford University for Stanford University, Novem- ber 194.6—March 1947. By L o u i s R . W i l - son and R a y n a r d C . S w a n k . ( O n behalf of t h e A m e r i c a n L i b r a r y A s s o c i a t i o n . ) C h i c a g o . A m e r i c a n L i b r a r y A s s o c i a t i o n , 1947. 222p. $2.50. ( M i m e o g r a p h e d ) Report of a Survey of the Libraries of the Alabama Polytechnic Institute, November 1948—March 1949. By L o u i s R . W i l s o n a n d R o b e r t W . O r r . A u b u r n , A l a b a m a P o l y t e c h n i c I n s t i t u t e , 1949. 2i5p. Report of a Survey of the Library of the Uni- versity of New Hampshire, January— February, 1949. By S t e p h e n A . M c C a r t h y . [ I t h a c a , N . Y . , 1949] 77p. ( H e c t o - g r a p h e d ) O f s u r v e y s t h e r e a p p e a r s t o be no end. T h e t h r e e s u r v e y s listed above r e p r e s e n t n e w a d d i t i o n s t o o u r s u r v e y l i t e r a t u r e , a n d ex- tend t h e a m o u n t of d e t a i l e d i n f o r m a t i o n t h a t w e h a v e a b o u t t h r e e l i b r a r i e s : S t a n f o r d , A l a - b a m a P o l y t e c h n i c I n s t i t u t e , and N e w H a m p - shire. T h e S t a n f o r d s u r v e y w a s r e l e a s e d by t h e A m e r i c a n L i b r a r y A s s o c i a t i o n a n d S t a n f o r d U n i v e r s i t y l a s t y e a r , a l t h o u g h t h e r e p o r t w a s m a d e in 1947. A c c o m p a n y i n g t h e r e p o r t is a m i m e o g r a p h e d l e t t e r t o t h e E x e c u t i v e S e c r e - t a r y of t h e A m e r i c a n L i b r a r y A s s o c i a t i o n f r o m D e a n C l a r e n c e H . F a u s t , c h a i r m a n of t h e S t a n f o r d L i b r a r y C o m m i t t e e . T h e l e t t e r is significant b e c a u s e it i n d i c a t e s t h a t s o m e of t h e deficiencies t h a t D r s . W i l s o n and S w a n k single o u t in t h e S t a n f o r d s u r v e y h a v e a l r e a d y been c o r r e c t e d . " A j o b analysis h a s been c o n d u c t e d , a position classification h a s been developed, and r e a s o n a b l y a d e q u a t e s a l a r y scales h a v e been a d o p t e d . A n u m b e r of n e w positions h a v e been c r e a t e d , i n c l u d i n g an a s s i s t a n t d i r e c t o r s h i p . Staff p a r t i c i p a t i o n in l i b r a r y p l a n n i n g and a d m i n i s t r a t i o n h a s been e n c o u r a g e d w i t h excellent r e s u l t s , " w r i t e s D e a n F a u s t . M o r e o v e r , book f u n d s h a v e been increased, d e p a r t m e n t a l a l l o c a t i o n s a d j u s t e d , r e l a t i o n s b e t w e e n f a c u l t y and l i b r a r y m o r e firmly e s t a b - lished, a c q u i s i t i o n a l a n d a c c o u n t i n g m e t h o d s i m p r o v e d , c a t a l o g i n g speeded u p , a n d s e r i a l s p r o c e d u r e s simplified. F o r t h e m o s t p a r t , t h e S t a n f o r d s u r v e y f o l l o w s t h e p a t t e r n of a p p r o a c h to l i b r a r y p r o b l e m s t h a t h a s been so w e l l e s t a b l i s h e d by D e a n W i l s o n . A l l aspects of t h e S t a n f o r d L i b r a r y a r e c a r e f u l l y c o n s i d e r e d , and specific r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s m a d e f o r i m p r o v e m e n t . T h e r e p o r t is d i s t i n g u i s h e d by its f r a n k n e s s a n d d i r e c t n e s s . Since D r . S w a n k is n o w d i r e c t o r of t h e S t a n f o r d l i b r a r i e s , he h a s t h e u n u s u a l responsibility of p u t t i n g i n t o effect t h e p r o g r a m designed by D e a n W i l s o n and h i m s e l f . T h e c o n t r i b u t i o n s of D e a n W i l s o n t o A m e r i c a n l i b r a r i a n s h i p since his r e t i r e m e n t as d e a n of t h e G r a d u a t e L i b r a r y School of t h e U n i v e r s i t y of C h i c a g o h a v e been so signifi- c a n t t h a t one c a n n o t help b u t t a k e n o t e of t h e m . S u r v e y o r of S t a n f o r d , D e n v e r , C o r - nell, S o u t h C a r o l i n a a n d A l a b a m a P o l y t e c h n i c I n s t i t u t e , a m o n g o t h e r s , he h a s w r i t t e n books, p a p e r s a n d r e v i e w s w h i c h h a v e s h o w n his keen insight i n t o t h e p r o b l e m s of a c a d e m i c l i b r a r i a n s h i p . A s e d i t o r of t h e U n i v e r s i t y of N o r t h C a r o l i n a S e s q u i c e n t e n n i a l P u b l i c a - tions, a series of 18 v o l u m e s , h e e n g i n e e r e d a p r o j e c t of g r e a t m a g n i t u d e . T h o s e li- b r a r i a n s w h o h a v e h a d a c h a n c e t o w o r k w i t h h i m on s u r v e y s also k n o w of t h e c o n t r i b u t i o n 182 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES t h a t he h a s m a d e in developing t h e i r ability to a n a l y z e l i b r a r y p r o b l e m s . I n t h e s u r v e y of t h e l i b r a r i e s of t h e A l a - b a m a P o l y t e c h n i c I n s t i t u t e , D e a n W i l s o n and M r . O r r p r o v i d e a w o r k a b l e b l u e p r i n t of l i b r a r y action f o r t h e f u t u r e . T h e s u r v e y o r s display a keen g r a s p of t h e n u m e r o u s and v a r i e d p r o b l e m s of an e x p a n d i n g l a n d - g r a n t i n s t i t u t i o n and s u g g e s t c o n s t r u c t i v e s o l u t i o n s w h i c h should be u n d e r s t a n d a b l e to t h e a d - m i n i s t r a t i o n and l i b r a r y staff of A . P . I . T h e s u r v e y is also n o t a b l e f o r its inclusion of u p - t o - d a t e d e v e l o p m e n t s in l i b r a r y p r a c t i c e as applied t o t h e A . P . I , s i t u a t i o n . T h e r e a p p e a r s to be n o q u e s t i o n t h a t m a n y of t h e l a n d - g r a n t college l i b r a r i e s h a v e n o t f a r e d t o o well in s u p p o r t , collections, buildings, p e r s o n - nel a n d o r g a n i z a t i o n . A n u m b e r of t h e find- ings of D e a n W i l s o n a n d M r . O r r a r e s i m i l a r t o those g a t h e r e d a t t h e V i r g i n i a P o l y t e c h n i c I n s t i t u t e l i b r a r i e s , w h i c h w e r e s u r v e y e d r e c e n t l y by W i l l i a m H . J e s s e a n d y o u r r e v i e w e r . 1 T h e W i l s o n - O r r r e p o r t s h o u l d aid c o n s i d e r a b l y in t h e u n d e r s t a n d i n g of l a n d - g r a n t college l i b r a r y p r o b l e m s . T h e aimlessness in s o m e l a n d - g r a n t college l i b r a r y p r o g r a m s s h o u l d n o t be a l l o w e d to c o n t i n u e . I t is p e r h a p s w o r t h n o t i n g t h a t t h e A . P . I , s u r v e y is a t t r a c t i v e l y p r i n t e d , in a d d i t i o n t o being w e l l o r g a n i z e d a n d w e l l w r i t t e n . I t can be used to a d v a n t a g e by l i b r a r i a n s of o t h e r i n s t i t u t i o n s , especially l a n d - g r a n t col- leges, w h o a r e c o n c e r n e d w i t h t h e i r l i b r a r y p r o g r a m s . T h e N e w H a m p s h i r e s u r v e y by D r . M c C a r t h y c o n s i d e r s detailed p r o b l e m s of gov- e r n m e n t a n d a d m i n i s t r a t i o n , services, collec- tions, p e r s o n n e l , b u d g e t and b u d g e t p r o c e d u r e , and building. D r . M c C a r t h y d e m o n s t r a t e s t h a t he h a s a c l e a r recognition of t h e l i b r a r y p r o b l e m s a t N e w H a m p s h i r e , and his r e c o m - m e n d a t i o n s f o r i m p r o v i n g t h e services a r e m o d e r a t e and t h o u g h t f u l . O n e of t h e best s t a t e m e n t s this r e v i e w e r h a s seen on " T h e P l a c e of t h e L i b r a r y in t h e U n i v e r s i t y " ap- p e a r s in Section I X . A l t h o u g h D r . M c - C a r t h y does n o t employ t h e m e t h o d of s t a t i s t i c a l c o m p a r i s o n w i t h o t h e r i n s t i t u t i o n s , he uses s t a n d a r d s w h e r e v e r n e c e s s a r y in o r d e r to p r o v i d e a basis f o r r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s . T h e r e p o r t s h o u l d p r o v e h e l p f u l to t h e N e w H a m p s h i r e a d m i n i s t r a t i o n in its s o l u t i o n of its l i b r a r y p r o b l e m s . — M a u r i c e F. Tauber, Columbia University. L.C. Subject Headings Subject Headings Used in the Dictionary Catalogs of the Library of Congress. 5th ed. E d i t e d by N e l l a J a n e M a r t i n . W a s h - ington, U . S . G o v e r n m e n t P r i n t i n g Office, 1948, viii, 1204P. $6.50. A c o m p l e t e l y n e w f o r m a t w h i c h s h o u l d en- h a n c e its efficiency and u s e f u l n e s s d i s t i n g u i s h e s t h e f i f t h edition of t h e L i b r a r y of C o n g r e s s s u b j e c t list f o r w h i c h l i b r a r i a n s h a v e been w a i t i n g since mid-1947. T h r o u g h t h e use of d o u b l e c o l u m n s on a l a r g e r page, s u i t a b l e a b b r e v i a t i o n s , and a s m a l l e r , t h o u g h easily legible type f a c e , t h e s u b j e c t h e a d i n g list h a s been confined t o a single v o l u m e . A l t h o u g h t h e r e s u l t i n g book is bulky, its eight p o u n d s only exceeds t h e w e i g h t of t h e f i r s t v o l u m e of t h e f o u r t h edition by one, and this edition is f a r m o r e c o n v e n i e n t to use. 1 T a u b e r , M a u r i c e F . a n d J e s s e , W i l l i a m H . Report of a Survey of the Libraries of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, for the Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Janu- ary-May, 1949. B l a c k s b u r g , V i r g i n i a P o l y t e c h n i c I n s t i - t u t e , 1949. I 2 0 P . By u s i n g b o l d f a c e f o r m a i n h e a d i n g s and l i g h t f a c e r o m a n type f o r r e f e r e n c e s and s u b - divisions ( t h e l a t t e r f o r m e r l y d i s t i n g u i s h e d by italics) and by g r o u p i n g all r e f e r e n c e s to and f r o m a h e a d i n g u n d e r its single listing, t h e e d i t o r h a s c o n t r i b u t e d s u b s t a n t i a l l y t o a s a v - ing in t h e u s e r ' s t i m e . T h e f o r m to w h i c h l i b r a r i a n s b e c a m e a c c u s t o m e d in t h e H . W . W i l s o n s u p p l e m e n t s t o t h e f o u r t h edition h a s n o w been a d o p t e d w i t h b u t l i t t l e c h a n g e f o r t h e m a i n w o r k . S i m i l a r l y , by i n c o r p o r a t i n g t h e r u l e s f o r g e o g r a p h i c subdivision in t h e p r e f a c e , and by c o n t i n u i n g t o s h o w specifica- tions as to type of subdivision f o l l o w i n g each h e a d i n g , t h e need f o r one a u x i l i a r y list ( S u b - ject Headings with Local Subdivisions. 5th ed. 1935) h a s n o w been e r a s e d f o r all b u t t h e occasional u s e r . T h e r e s u l t i n g p r o d u c t is indeed an impressive e x a m p l e of a w e l l - designed and efficiently a r r a n g e d l i b r a r y tool. P a r t i c u l a r l y n o t e w o r t h y is its f r e e d o m f r o m e r r o r , b o t h in c o n t e n t and t y p o g r a p h y . A f e w APRIL, 1950 18 7