id sid tid token lemma pos crl-14247 1 1 college college NOUN crl-14247 1 2 and and CCONJ crl-14247 1 3 research research NOUN crl-14247 1 4 libraries librarie VERB crl-14247 1 5 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 1 6 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 1 7 : : PUNCT crl-14247 1 8 behavioralism behavioralism NOUN crl-14247 1 9 and and CCONJ crl-14247 1 10 its its PRON crl-14247 1 11 discontents discontent NOUN crl-14247 1 12 . . PUNCT crl-14247 2 1 charles charles PROPN crl-14247 2 2 a. a. PROPN crl-14247 2 3 schwartz schwartz PROPN crl-14247 2 4 in in ADP crl-14247 2 5 the the DET crl-14247 2 6 area area NOUN crl-14247 2 7 of of ADP crl-14247 2 8 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 2 9 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 2 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 2 11 libraries library NOUN crl-14247 2 12 and and CCONJ crl-14247 2 13 other other ADJ crl-14247 2 14 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ crl-14247 2 15 organizations organization NOUN crl-14247 2 16 face face VERB crl-14247 2 17 a a DET crl-14247 2 18 special special ADJ crl-14247 2 19 dilemma dilemma NOUN crl-14247 2 20 of of ADP crl-14247 2 21 providing provide VERB crl-14247 2 22 job job NOUN crl-14247 2 23 feedback feedback NOUN crl-14247 2 24 while while SCONJ crl-14247 2 25 maintaining maintain VERB crl-14247 2 26 a a DET crl-14247 2 27 nonauthoritarian nonauthoritarian ADJ crl-14247 2 28 climate climate NOUN crl-14247 2 29 . . PUNCT crl-14247 3 1 this this DET crl-14247 3 2 paper paper NOUN crl-14247 3 3 assesses assess VERB crl-14247 3 4 the the DET crl-14247 3 5 utility utility NOUN crl-14247 3 6 of of ADP crl-14247 3 7 four four NUM crl-14247 3 8 approaches approach NOUN crl-14247 3 9 to to ADP crl-14247 3 10 this this DET crl-14247 3 11 problem problem NOUN crl-14247 3 12 : : PUNCT crl-14247 3 13 behavioralism behavioralism NOUN crl-14247 3 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 3 15 minimal minimal ADJ crl-14247 3 16 model model NOUN crl-14247 3 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 3 18 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 3 19 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 3 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 3 21 and and CCONJ crl-14247 3 22 tacit tacit ADJ crl-14247 3 23 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 3 24 from from ADP crl-14247 3 25 in in ADP crl-14247 3 26 - - PUNCT crl-14247 3 27 house house NOUN crl-14247 3 28 experimentation experimentation NOUN crl-14247 3 29 . . PUNCT crl-14247 4 1 part part NOUN crl-14247 4 2 one one NUM crl-14247 4 3 argues argue VERB crl-14247 4 4 that that SCONJ crl-14247 4 5 sources source NOUN crl-14247 4 6 of of ADP crl-14247 4 7 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 4 8 error error NOUN crl-14247 4 9 are be AUX crl-14247 4 10 generally generally ADV crl-14247 4 11 intractable intractable ADJ crl-14247 4 12 and and CCONJ crl-14247 4 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 4 14 concomitantly concomitantly ADV crl-14247 4 15 , , PUNCT crl-14247 4 16 that that SCONJ crl-14247 4 17 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 4 18 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 4 19 methods method NOUN crl-14247 4 20 are be AUX crl-14247 4 21 ineffective ineffective ADJ crl-14247 4 22 . . PUNCT crl-14247 5 1 part part NOUN crl-14247 5 2 two two NUM crl-14247 5 3 takes take VERB crl-14247 5 4 up up ADP crl-14247 5 5 the the DET crl-14247 5 6 widespread widespread ADJ crl-14247 5 7 notion notion NOUN crl-14247 5 8 that that SCONJ crl-14247 5 9 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 5 10 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 5 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 5 12 as as ADP crl-14247 5 13 a a DET crl-14247 5 14 matter matter NOUN crl-14247 5 15 of of ADP crl-14247 5 16 ethics ethic NOUN crl-14247 5 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 5 18 should should AUX crl-14247 5 19 be be AUX crl-14247 5 20 less less ADV crl-14247 5 21 ambitious ambitious ADJ crl-14247 5 22 and and CCONJ crl-14247 5 23 important important ADJ crl-14247 5 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 6 1 the the DET crl-14247 6 2 third third ADJ crl-14247 6 3 part part NOUN crl-14247 6 4 describes describe VERB crl-14247 6 5 the the DET crl-14247 6 6 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 6 7 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 6 8 in in ADP crl-14247 6 9 this this DET crl-14247 6 10 field field NOUN crl-14247 6 11 as as ADP crl-14247 6 12 a a DET crl-14247 6 13 " " PUNCT crl-14247 6 14 folk folk NOUN crl-14247 6 15 - - PUNCT crl-14247 6 16 science science NOUN crl-14247 6 17 . . PUNCT crl-14247 6 18 " " PUNCT crl-14247 7 1 the the DET crl-14247 7 2 next next ADJ crl-14247 7 3 part part NOUN crl-14247 7 4 surveys survey VERB crl-14247 7 5 the the DET crl-14247 7 6 experience experience NOUN crl-14247 7 7 with with ADP crl-14247 7 8 in in ADP crl-14247 7 9 - - PUNCT crl-14247 7 10 house house NOUN crl-14247 7 11 experiments experiment NOUN crl-14247 7 12 in in ADP crl-14247 7 13 the the DET crl-14247 7 14 social social ADJ crl-14247 7 15 and and CCONJ crl-14247 7 16 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 7 17 sciences science NOUN crl-14247 7 18 . . PUNCT crl-14247 8 1 then then ADV crl-14247 8 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 8 3 the the DET crl-14247 8 4 final final ADJ crl-14247 8 5 part part NOUN crl-14247 8 6 of of ADP crl-14247 8 7 the the DET crl-14247 8 8 paper paper NOUN crl-14247 8 9 draws draw VERB crl-14247 8 10 some some DET crl-14247 8 11 conclusions conclusion NOUN crl-14247 8 12 about about ADP crl-14247 8 13 the the DET crl-14247 8 14 relative relative ADJ crl-14247 8 15 utility utility NOUN crl-14247 8 16 of of ADP crl-14247 8 17 the the DET crl-14247 8 18 different different ADJ crl-14247 8 19 approaches approach NOUN crl-14247 8 20 and and CCONJ crl-14247 8 21 offers offer VERB crl-14247 8 22 a a DET crl-14247 8 23 suggestion suggestion NOUN crl-14247 8 24 as as ADP crl-14247 8 25 to to ADP crl-14247 8 26 the the DET crl-14247 8 27 future future ADJ crl-14247 8 28 procedure procedure NOUN crl-14247 8 29 in in ADP crl-14247 8 30 this this DET crl-14247 8 31 field field NOUN crl-14247 8 32 . . PUNCT crl-14247 9 1 he he PRON crl-14247 9 2 literature literature VERB crl-14247 9 3 on on ADP crl-14247 9 4 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 9 5 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 9 6 has have AUX crl-14247 9 7 been be AUX crl-14247 9 8 written write VERB crl-14247 9 9 largely largely ADV crl-14247 9 10 in in ADP crl-14247 9 11 terms term NOUN crl-14247 9 12 of of ADP crl-14247 9 13 two two NUM crl-14247 9 14 contrasting contrast VERB crl-14247 9 15 emphases emphasis NOUN crl-14247 9 16 . . PUNCT crl-14247 10 1 on on ADP crl-14247 10 2 the the DET crl-14247 10 3 one one NUM crl-14247 10 4 hand hand NOUN crl-14247 10 5 -are -are PUNCT crl-14247 10 6 those those DET crl-14247 10 7 writers writer NOUN crl-14247 10 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 10 9 principally principally ADV crl-14247 10 10 in in ADP crl-14247 10 11 the the DET crl-14247 10 12 fields field NOUN crl-14247 10 13 of of ADP crl-14247 10 14 business business NOUN crl-14247 10 15 and and CCONJ crl-14247 10 16 applied applied ADJ crl-14247 10 17 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 10 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 10 19 who who PRON crl-14247 10 20 propose propose VERB crl-14247 10 21 multitrait multitrait ADJ crl-14247 10 22 - - PUNCT crl-14247 10 23 multimethod multimethod NOUN crl-14247 10 24 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 10 25 systems system NOUN crl-14247 10 26 . . PUNCT crl-14247 11 1 this this DET crl-14247 11 2 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 11 3 approach approach NOUN crl-14247 11 4 has have VERB crl-14247 11 5 a a DET crl-14247 11 6 rich rich ADJ crl-14247 11 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 11 8 half half ADJ crl-14247 11 9 - - PUNCT crl-14247 11 10 century century NOUN crl-14247 11 11 history history NOUN crl-14247 11 12 of of ADP crl-14247 11 13 research research NOUN crl-14247 11 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 11 15 but but CCONJ crl-14247 11 16 it it PRON crl-14247 11 17 has have AUX crl-14247 11 18 developed develop VERB crl-14247 11 19 unevenly unevenly ADV crl-14247 11 20 . . PUNCT crl-14247 12 1 investigation investigation NOUN crl-14247 12 2 of of ADP crl-14247 12 3 most most ADJ crl-14247 12 4 of of ADP crl-14247 12 5 the the DET crl-14247 12 6 possible possible ADJ crl-14247 12 7 types type NOUN crl-14247 12 8 of of ADP crl-14247 12 9 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 12 10 formats format NOUN crl-14247 12 11 has have AUX crl-14247 12 12 probably probably ADV crl-14247 12 13 been be AUX crl-14247 12 14 pushed push VERB crl-14247 12 15 to to ADP crl-14247 12 16 the the DET crl-14247 12 17 limits limit NOUN crl-14247 12 18 of of ADP crl-14247 12 19 its its PRON crl-14247 12 20 usefulness usefulness NOUN crl-14247 12 21 , , PUNCT crl-14247 12 22 while while SCONJ crl-14247 12 23 study study NOUN crl-14247 12 24 of of ADP crl-14247 12 25 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 12 26 factors factor NOUN crl-14247 12 27 surrounding surround VERB crl-14247 12 28 the the DET crl-14247 12 29 appraisal appraisal ADJ crl-14247 12 30 process process NOUN crl-14247 12 31 is be AUX crl-14247 12 32 still still ADV crl-14247 12 33 rudimentary rudimentary ADJ crl-14247 13 1 .1 .1 PUNCT crl-14247 13 2 underlying underlie VERB crl-14247 13 3 the the DET crl-14247 13 4 concepts concept NOUN crl-14247 13 5 and and CCONJ crl-14247 13 6 procedures procedure NOUN crl-14247 13 7 of of ADP crl-14247 13 8 the the DET crl-14247 13 9 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 13 10 approach approach NOUN crl-14247 13 11 is be AUX crl-14247 13 12 the the DET crl-14247 13 13 basic basic ADJ crl-14247 13 14 notion notion NOUN crl-14247 13 15 that that SCONJ crl-14247 13 16 some some DET crl-14247 13 17 combination combination NOUN crl-14247 13 18 of of ADP crl-14247 13 19 appraisal appraisal ADJ crl-14247 13 20 methods method NOUN crl-14247 13 21 can can AUX crl-14247 13 22 be be AUX crl-14247 13 23 devised devise VERB crl-14247 13 24 to to PART crl-14247 13 25 control control VERB crl-14247 13 26 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 13 27 error error NOUN crl-14247 13 28 . . PUNCT crl-14247 14 1 at at ADP crl-14247 14 2 the the DET crl-14247 14 3 other other ADJ crl-14247 14 4 extreme extreme NOUN crl-14247 14 5 is be AUX crl-14247 14 6 a a DET crl-14247 14 7 smaller small ADJ crl-14247 14 8 group group NOUN crl-14247 14 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 14 10 which which PRON crl-14247 14 11 argues argue VERB crl-14247 14 12 that that SCONJ crl-14247 14 13 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 14 14 should should AUX crl-14247 14 15 be be AUX crl-14247 14 16 scaled scale VERB crl-14247 14 17 down down ADP crl-14247 14 18 and and CCONJ crl-14247 14 19 made make VERB crl-14247 14 20 less less ADV crl-14247 14 21 important important ADJ crl-14247 14 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 14 23 especially especially ADV crl-14247 14 24 for for ADP crl-14247 14 25 salary salary NOUN crl-14247 14 26 and and CCONJ crl-14247 14 27 rewards reward NOUN crl-14247 14 28 administration administration NOUN crl-14247 14 29 . . PUNCT crl-14247 15 1 this this DET crl-14247 15 2 argument argument NOUN crl-14247 15 3 is be AUX crl-14247 15 4 roughly roughly ADV crl-14247 15 5 a a DET crl-14247 15 6 quarter quarter NOUN crl-14247 15 7 - - PUNCT crl-14247 15 8 century century NOUN crl-14247 15 9 old old ADJ crl-14247 15 10 but but CCONJ crl-14247 15 11 has have AUX crl-14247 15 12 not not PART crl-14247 15 13 been be AUX crl-14247 15 14 advanced advanced ADJ crl-14247 15 15 empirically empirically ADV crl-14247 15 16 . . PUNCT crl-14247 16 1 it it PRON crl-14247 16 2 draws draw VERB crl-14247 16 3 on on ADP crl-14247 16 4 douglas douglas PROPN crl-14247 16 5 mcgregor mcgregor PROPN crl-14247 16 6 's 's PART crl-14247 16 7 classic classic ADJ crl-14247 16 8 contention contention NOUN crl-14247 16 9 that that SCONJ crl-14247 16 10 supervisors supervisor NOUN crl-14247 16 11 and and CCONJ crl-14247 16 12 subordinates subordinate NOUN crl-14247 16 13 distrust distrust AUX crl-14247 16 14 appraisals appraisal VERB crl-14247 16 15 for for ADP crl-14247 16 16 fundamentally fundamentally ADV crl-14247 16 17 sound sound ADJ crl-14247 16 18 reasons reason NOUN crl-14247 16 19 : : PUNCT crl-14247 16 20 few few ADJ crl-14247 16 21 supervisors supervisor NOUN crl-14247 16 22 want want VERB crl-14247 16 23 to to PART crl-14247 16 24 play play VERB crl-14247 16 25 god god PROPN crl-14247 16 26 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 16 27 at at ADP crl-14247 16 28 the the DET crl-14247 16 29 same same ADJ crl-14247 16 30 time time NOUN crl-14247 16 31 , , PUNCT crl-14247 16 32 every every DET crl-14247 16 33 subordinate subordinate NOUN crl-14247 16 34 seeks seek VERB crl-14247 16 35 to to PART crl-14247 16 36 protect protect VERB crl-14247 16 37 the the DET crl-14247 16 38 integrity integrity NOUN crl-14247 16 39 of of ADP crl-14247 16 40 his his PRON crl-14247 16 41 or or CCONJ crl-14247 16 42 her her PRON crl-14247 16 43 own own ADJ crl-14247 16 44 personality personality NOUN crl-14247 16 45 , , PUNCT crl-14247 16 46 as as ADV crl-14247 16 47 well well ADV crl-14247 16 48 as as ADP crl-14247 16 49 to to PART crl-14247 16 50 obtain obtain VERB crl-14247 16 51 valued value VERB crl-14247 16 52 rewards reward NOUN crl-14247 16 53 .2 .2 VERB crl-14247 16 54 in in ADP crl-14247 16 55 the the DET crl-14247 16 56 gap gap NOUN crl-14247 16 57 between between ADP crl-14247 16 58 the the DET crl-14247 16 59 two two NUM crl-14247 16 60 emphases emphasis NOUN crl-14247 16 61 is be AUX crl-14247 16 62 a a DET crl-14247 16 63 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 16 64 perspective perspective NOUN crl-14247 16 65 common common ADJ crl-14247 16 66 to to ADP crl-14247 16 67 journals journal NOUN crl-14247 16 68 geared gear VERB crl-14247 16 69 toward toward ADP crl-14247 16 70 practitioners practitioner NOUN crl-14247 16 71 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 16 72 e.g. e.g. ADV crl-14247 16 73 , , PUNCT crl-14247 16 74 harvard harvard PROPN crl-14247 16 75 business business NOUN crl-14247 16 76 review review NOUN crl-14247 16 77 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 16 78 and and CCONJ crl-14247 16 79 to to ADP crl-14247 16 80 library library VERB crl-14247 16 81 science science NOUN crl-14247 16 82 . . PUNCT crl-14247 17 1 it it PRON crl-14247 17 2 is be AUX crl-14247 17 3 found find VERB crl-14247 17 4 mainly mainly ADV crl-14247 17 5 in in ADP crl-14247 17 6 lists list NOUN crl-14247 17 7 of of ADP crl-14247 17 8 recommendations recommendation NOUN crl-14247 17 9 about about ADP crl-14247 17 10 what what PRON crl-14247 17 11 to to PART crl-14247 17 12 avoid avoid VERB crl-14247 17 13 when when SCONJ crl-14247 17 14 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-14247 17 15 people people NOUN crl-14247 17 16 and and CCONJ crl-14247 17 17 how how SCONJ crl-14247 17 18 to to PART crl-14247 17 19 motivate motivate VERB crl-14247 17 20 .them .them PRON crl-14247 17 21 in in ADP crl-14247 17 22 the the DET crl-14247 17 23 process process NOUN crl-14247 17 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 18 1 although although SCONJ crl-14247 18 2 the the DET crl-14247 18 3 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 18 4 in in ADP crl-14247 18 5 the the DET crl-14247 18 6 library library NOUN crl-14247 18 7 field field NOUN crl-14247 18 8 over over ADP crl-14247 18 9 the the DET crl-14247 18 10 past past ADJ crl-14247 18 11 ten ten NUM crl-14247 18 12 years year NOUN crl-14247 18 13 testifies testify VERB crl-14247 18 14 to to ADP crl-14247 18 15 a a DET crl-14247 18 16 growing grow VERB crl-14247 18 17 concern concern NOUN crl-14247 18 18 about about ADP crl-14247 18 19 the the DET crl-14247 18 20 need need NOUN crl-14247 18 21 for for ADP crl-14247 18 22 better well ADJ crl-14247 18 23 charles charles PROPN crl-14247 18 24 a a PRON crl-14247 18 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 19 1 schwartz schwartz PROPN crl-14247 19 2 is be AUX crl-14247 19 3 social social ADJ crl-14247 19 4 sciences science NOUN crl-14247 19 5 bibliographer bibliographer NOUN crl-14247 19 6 at at ADP crl-14247 19 7 the the DET crl-14247 19 8 university university PROPN crl-14247 19 9 of of ADP crl-14247 19 10 northern northern PROPN crl-14247 19 11 iowa iowa PROPN crl-14247 19 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 19 13 cedar cedar NOUN crl-14247 19 14 falls fall NOUN crl-14247 19 15 , , PUNCT crl-14247 19 16 iowa iowa PROPN crl-14247 19 17 50613 50613 NUM crl-14247 19 18 . . PUNCT crl-14247 20 1 438 438 NUM crl-14247 20 2 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 20 3 methods method NOUN crl-14247 20 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 20 5 3 3 NUM crl-14247 20 6 general general ADJ crl-14247 20 7 discussions discussion NOUN crl-14247 20 8 have have AUX crl-14247 20 9 not not PART crl-14247 20 10 been be AUX crl-14247 20 11 followed follow VERB crl-14247 20 12 up up ADP crl-14247 20 13 by by ADP crl-14247 20 14 experimental experimental ADJ crl-14247 20 15 research research NOUN crl-14247 20 16 that that PRON crl-14247 20 17 describes describe VERB crl-14247 20 18 how how SCONJ crl-14247 20 19 particular particular ADJ crl-14247 20 20 methods method NOUN crl-14247 20 21 affect affect VERB crl-14247 20 22 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 20 23 at at ADP crl-14247 20 24 work work NOUN crl-14247 20 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 20 26 the the DET crl-14247 20 27 state state NOUN crl-14247 20 28 of of ADP crl-14247 20 29 morale morale NOUN crl-14247 20 30 , , PUNCT crl-14247 20 31 or or CCONJ crl-14247 20 32 the the DET crl-14247 20 33 margin margin NOUN crl-14247 20 34 of of ADP crl-14247 20 35 error error NOUN crl-14247 20 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 21 1 as as ADP crl-14247 21 2 an an DET crl-14247 21 3 approach approach NOUN crl-14247 21 4 to to ADP crl-14247 21 5 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 21 6 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 21 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 21 8 in in ADP crl-14247 21 9 - - PUNCT crl-14247 21 10 house house NOUN crl-14247 21 11 experimentation experimentation NOUN crl-14247 21 12 is be AUX crl-14247 21 13 a a DET crl-14247 21 14 novelty novelty NOUN crl-14247 21 15 in in ADP crl-14247 21 16 the the DET crl-14247 21 17 social social ADJ crl-14247 21 18 and and CCONJ crl-14247 21 19 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 21 20 sciences sciences PROPN crl-14247 21 21 . . PUNCT crl-14247 22 1 in in ADP crl-14247 22 2 part part NOUN crl-14247 22 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 22 4 interest interest NOUN crl-14247 22 5 in in ADP crl-14247 22 6 it it PRON crl-14247 22 7 can can AUX crl-14247 22 8 be be AUX crl-14247 22 9 traced trace VERB crl-14247 22 10 to to ADP crl-14247 22 11 the the DET crl-14247 22 12 gradual gradual ADJ crl-14247 22 13 unfolding unfolding NOUN crl-14247 22 14 of of ADP crl-14247 22 15 two two NUM crl-14247 22 16 interdisciplinary interdisciplinary ADJ crl-14247 22 17 concerns concern NOUN crl-14247 22 18 that that PRON crl-14247 22 19 pervade pervade VERB crl-14247 22 20 the the DET crl-14247 22 21 so so ADV crl-14247 22 22 - - PUNCT crl-14247 22 23 called call VERB crl-14247 22 24 post post ADJ crl-14247 22 25 - - ADJ crl-14247 22 26 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 22 27 movement movement NOUN crl-14247 22 28 . . PUNCT crl-14247 23 1 these these DET crl-14247 23 2 concerns concern NOUN crl-14247 23 3 are be AUX crl-14247 23 4 the the DET crl-14247 23 5 issue issue NOUN crl-14247 23 6 of of ADP crl-14247 23 7 certainty certainty NOUN crl-14247 23 8 versus versus ADP crl-14247 23 9 usefulness usefulness NOUN crl-14247 23 10 of of ADP crl-14247 23 11 research research NOUN crl-14247 23 12 and and CCONJ crl-14247 23 13 the the DET crl-14247 23 14 question question NOUN crl-14247 23 15 of of ADP crl-14247 23 16 whether whether SCONJ crl-14247 23 17 human human ADJ crl-14247 23 18 interaction interaction NOUN crl-14247 23 19 and and CCONJ crl-14247 23 20 social social ADJ crl-14247 23 21 arrangements arrangement NOUN crl-14247 23 22 can can AUX crl-14247 23 23 be be AUX crl-14247 23 24 understood understand VERB crl-14247 23 25 with with ADP crl-14247 23 26 a a DET crl-14247 23 27 disengaged disengaged ADJ crl-14247 23 28 consciousness consciousness NOUN crl-14247 23 29 . . PUNCT crl-14247 24 1 however however ADV crl-14247 24 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 24 3 the the DET crl-14247 24 4 actual actual ADJ crl-14247 24 5 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 24 6 of of ADP crl-14247 24 7 in in ADP crl-14247 24 8 - - PUNCT crl-14247 24 9 house house NOUN crl-14247 24 10 experimentation experimentation NOUN crl-14247 24 11 has have AUX crl-14247 24 12 been be AUX crl-14247 24 13 limited limit VERB crl-14247 24 14 because because SCONJ crl-14247 24 15 of of ADP crl-14247 24 16 the the DET crl-14247 24 17 difficulty difficulty NOUN crl-14247 24 18 involved involve VERB crl-14247 24 19 . . PUNCT crl-14247 25 1 this this DET crl-14247 25 2 paper paper NOUN crl-14247 25 3 assesses assess VERB crl-14247 25 4 the the DET crl-14247 25 5 utility utility NOUN crl-14247 25 6 of of ADP crl-14247 25 7 different different ADJ crl-14247 25 8 approaches approach NOUN crl-14247 25 9 to to PART crl-14247 25 10 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 25 11 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 25 12 for for ADP crl-14247 25 13 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ crl-14247 25 14 organizations organization NOUN crl-14247 25 15 . . PUNCT crl-14247 26 1 the the DET crl-14247 26 2 first first ADJ crl-14247 26 3 section section NOUN crl-14247 26 4 reviews review VERB crl-14247 26 5 the the DET crl-14247 26 6 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 26 7 approach approach NOUN crl-14247 26 8 in in ADP crl-14247 26 9 three three NUM crl-14247 26 10 areas area NOUN crl-14247 26 11 : : PUNCT crl-14247 26 12 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 26 13 1 1 X crl-14247 26 14 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 26 15 sources source NOUN crl-14247 26 16 of of ADP crl-14247 26 17 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 26 18 bias bias NOUN crl-14247 26 19 and and CCONJ crl-14247 26 20 variance variance NOUN crl-14247 26 21 in in ADP crl-14247 26 22 the the DET crl-14247 26 23 traditional traditional ADJ crl-14247 26 24 supervisorsubordinate supervisorsubordinate ADJ crl-14247 26 25 context context NOUN crl-14247 26 26 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 26 27 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 26 28 2 2 X crl-14247 26 29 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 26 30 problems problem NOUN crl-14247 26 31 inherent inherent ADJ crl-14247 26 32 in in ADP crl-14247 26 33 alternative alternative ADJ crl-14247 26 34 appraisal appraisal ADJ crl-14247 26 35 contexts context NOUN crl-14247 26 36 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 26 37 and and CCONJ crl-14247 26 38 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 26 39 3 3 X crl-14247 26 40 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 26 41 the the DET crl-14247 26 42 status status NOUN crl-14247 26 43 of of ADP crl-14247 26 44 several several ADJ crl-14247 26 45 common common ADJ crl-14247 26 46 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 26 47 techniques technique NOUN crl-14247 26 48 . . PUNCT crl-14247 27 1 the the DET crl-14247 27 2 second second ADJ crl-14247 27 3 section section NOUN crl-14247 27 4 discusses discuss VERB crl-14247 27 5 the the DET crl-14247 27 6 minimal minimal ADJ crl-14247 27 7 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 27 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 27 9 with with ADP crl-14247 27 10 particular particular ADJ crl-14247 27 11 reference reference NOUN crl-14247 27 12 to to ADP crl-14247 27 13 the the DET crl-14247 27 14 dilemma dilemma NOUN crl-14247 27 15 of of ADP crl-14247 27 16 providing provide VERB crl-14247 27 17 better well ADJ crl-14247 27 18 job job NOUN crl-14247 27 19 feedback feedback NOUN crl-14247 27 20 while while SCONJ crl-14247 27 21 preserving preserve VERB crl-14247 27 22 a a DET crl-14247 27 23 nonauthoritarian nonauthoritarian ADJ crl-14247 27 24 climate climate NOUN crl-14247 27 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 28 1 the the DET crl-14247 28 2 third third ADJ crl-14247 28 3 section section NOUN crl-14247 28 4 describes describe VERB crl-14247 28 5 the the DET crl-14247 28 6 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 28 7 approach approach NOUN crl-14247 28 8 to to ADP crl-14247 28 9 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 28 10 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 28 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 28 12 focusing focus VERB crl-14247 28 13 on on ADP crl-14247 28 14 two two NUM crl-14247 28 15 problems problem NOUN crl-14247 28 16 in in ADP crl-14247 28 17 this this DET crl-14247 28 18 area area NOUN crl-14247 28 19 : : PUNCT crl-14247 28 20 the the DET crl-14247 28 21 valuing valuing NOUN crl-14247 28 22 aspect aspect NOUN crl-14247 28 23 of of ADP crl-14247 28 24 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 28 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 28 26 and and CCONJ crl-14247 28 27 the the DET crl-14247 28 28 limitations limitation NOUN crl-14247 28 29 of of ADP crl-14247 28 30 common common ADJ crl-14247 28 31 sense sense NOUN crl-14247 28 32 . . PUNCT crl-14247 29 1 the the DET crl-14247 29 2 fourth fourth ADJ crl-14247 29 3 section section NOUN crl-14247 29 4 contains contain VERB crl-14247 29 5 a a DET crl-14247 29 6 review review NOUN crl-14247 29 7 of of ADP crl-14247 29 8 the the DET crl-14247 29 9 experience experience NOUN crl-14247 29 10 with with ADP crl-14247 29 11 in in ADP crl-14247 29 12 - - PUNCT crl-14247 29 13 house house NOUN crl-14247 29 14 ex ex NOUN crl-14247 29 15 ' ' PART crl-14247 29 16 periments periment NOUN crl-14247 29 17 . . PUNCT crl-14247 30 1 the the DET crl-14247 30 2 fifth fifth ADJ crl-14247 30 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 30 4 concluding conclude VERB crl-14247 30 5 part part NOUN crl-14247 30 6 provides provide VERB crl-14247 30 7 a a DET crl-14247 30 8 brief brief ADJ crl-14247 30 9 summary summary NOUN crl-14247 30 10 that that PRON crl-14247 30 11 calls call VERB crl-14247 30 12 for for ADP crl-14247 30 13 adaptation adaptation NOUN crl-14247 30 14 of of ADP crl-14247 30 15 in in ADP crl-14247 30 16 - - PUNCT crl-14247 30 17 house house NOUN crl-14247 30 18 experimentation experimentation NOUN crl-14247 30 19 and and CCONJ crl-14247 30 20 development development NOUN crl-14247 30 21 of of ADP crl-14247 30 22 tacit tacit ADJ crl-14247 30 23 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 30 24 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 30 25 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 30 26 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 30 27 . . PUNCT crl-14247 31 1 the the DET crl-14247 31 2 term term NOUN crl-14247 31 3 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 31 4 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 31 5 must must AUX crl-14247 31 6 be be AUX crl-14247 31 7 broadly broadly ADV crl-14247 31 8 interpreted interpret VERB crl-14247 31 9 since since SCONJ crl-14247 31 10 it it PRON crl-14247 31 11 covers cover VERB crl-14247 31 12 placement placement NOUN crl-14247 31 13 and and CCONJ crl-14247 31 14 promotion promotion NOUN crl-14247 31 15 decisions decision NOUN crl-14247 31 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 31 17 salary salary NOUN crl-14247 31 18 and and CCONJ crl-14247 31 19 rewards reward NOUN crl-14247 31 20 administration administration PROPN crl-14247 31 21 , , PUNCT crl-14247 31 22 motivational motivational ADJ crl-14247 31 23 and and CCONJ crl-14247 31 24 developmental developmental ADJ crl-14247 31 25 counseling counseling NOUN crl-14247 31 26 , , PUNCT crl-14247 31 27 and and CCONJ crl-14247 31 28 criteria criterion NOUN crl-14247 31 29 for for ADP crl-14247 31 30 the the DET crl-14247 31 31 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-14247 31 32 of of ADP crl-14247 31 33 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 31 34 practices practice NOUN crl-14247 31 35 . . PUNCT crl-14247 32 1 this this DET crl-14247 32 2 paper paper NOUN crl-14247 32 3 discusses discuss VERB crl-14247 32 4 all all PRON crl-14247 32 5 of of ADP crl-14247 32 6 these these DET crl-14247 32 7 matters matter NOUN crl-14247 32 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 32 9 but but CCONJ crl-14247 32 10 focuses focus VERB crl-14247 32 11 on on ADP crl-14247 32 12 the the DET crl-14247 32 13 last last ADJ crl-14247 32 14 one one NOUN crl-14247 32 15 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 32 16 legal legal ADJ crl-14247 32 17 concerns concern NOUN crl-14247 32 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 32 19 such such ADJ crl-14247 32 20 as as ADP crl-14247 32 21 due due ADJ crl-14247 32 22 process process NOUN crl-14247 32 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 32 24 are be AUX crl-14247 32 25 not not PART crl-14247 32 26 discussed discuss VERB crl-14247 32 27 . . PUNCT crl-14247 33 1 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 33 2 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 33 3 439 439 NUM crl-14247 33 4 the the DET crl-14247 33 5 term term NOUN crl-14247 33 6 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ crl-14247 33 7 organization organization NOUN crl-14247 33 8 requires require VERB crl-14247 33 9 comment comment NOUN crl-14247 33 10 . . PUNCT crl-14247 34 1 administration administration NOUN crl-14247 34 2 texts text NOUN crl-14247 34 3 distinguish distinguish VERB crl-14247 34 4 among among ADP crl-14247 34 5 three three NUM crl-14247 34 6 sectors sector NOUN crl-14247 34 7 : : PUNCT crl-14247 34 8 business business NOUN crl-14247 34 9 enterprises enterprise NOUN crl-14247 34 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 34 11 government government NOUN crl-14247 34 12 agencies agency NOUN crl-14247 34 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 34 14 and and CCONJ crl-14247 34 15 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ crl-14247 34 16 organizations organization NOUN crl-14247 34 17 . . PUNCT crl-14247 35 1 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ crl-14247 35 2 organizations organization NOUN crl-14247 35 3 are be AUX crl-14247 35 4 distinguished distinguish VERB crl-14247 35 5 from from ADP crl-14247 35 6 the the DET crl-14247 35 7 other other ADJ crl-14247 35 8 sectors sector NOUN crl-14247 35 9 by by ADP crl-14247 35 10 having have VERB crl-14247 35 11 ambiguous ambiguous ADJ crl-14247 35 12 means mean NOUN crl-14247 35 13 and and CCONJ crl-14247 35 14 ends end VERB crl-14247 35 15 , , PUNCT crl-14247 35 16 little little ADJ crl-14247 35 17 or or CCONJ crl-14247 35 18 no no DET crl-14247 35 19 job job NOUN crl-14247 35 20 feedback feedback NOUN crl-14247 35 21 , , PUNCT crl-14247 35 22 and and CCONJ crl-14247 35 23 a a DET crl-14247 35 24 tendency tendency NOUN crl-14247 35 25 not not PART crl-14247 35 26 to to PART crl-14247 35 27 monitor monitor VERB crl-14247 35 28 their their PRON crl-14247 35 29 environments environment NOUN crl-14247 35 30 . . PUNCT crl-14247 36 1 whereas whereas SCONJ crl-14247 36 2 the the DET crl-14247 36 3 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14247 36 4 and and CCONJ crl-14247 36 5 earnings earning NOUN crl-14247 36 6 of of ADP crl-14247 36 7 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ crl-14247 36 8 workers worker NOUN crl-14247 36 9 may may AUX crl-14247 36 10 differ differ VERB crl-14247 36 11 substantially substantially ADV crl-14247 36 12 from from ADP crl-14247 36 13 workers worker NOUN crl-14247 36 14 in in ADP crl-14247 36 15 business business NOUN crl-14247 36 16 or or CCONJ crl-14247 36 17 in in ADP crl-14247 36 18 government government NOUN crl-14247 36 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 36 20 there there PRON crl-14247 36 21 is be VERB crl-14247 36 22 no no DET crl-14247 36 23 evidence evidence NOUN crl-14247 36 24 that that SCONJ crl-14247 36 25 job job NOUN crl-14247 36 26 orientations orientation NOUN crl-14247 36 27 or or CCONJ crl-14247 36 28 other other ADJ crl-14247 36 29 subjective subjective ADJ crl-14247 36 30 behaviors behavior NOUN crl-14247 36 31 vary vary VERB crl-14247 36 32 across across ADP crl-14247 36 33 the the DET crl-14247 36 34 sectors sector NOUN crl-14247 36 35 . . PUNCT crl-14247 37 1 4 4 NUM crl-14247 37 2 but but CCONJ crl-14247 37 3 the the DET crl-14247 37 4 term term NOUN crl-14247 37 5 is be AUX crl-14247 37 6 preferable preferable ADJ crl-14247 37 7 to to ADP crl-14247 37 8 some some DET crl-14247 37 9 others other NOUN crl-14247 37 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 37 11 such such ADJ crl-14247 37 12 as as ADP crl-14247 37 13 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 37 14 - - PUNCT crl-14247 37 15 based base VERB crl-14247 37 16 industries industry NOUN crl-14247 37 17 5 5 NUM crl-14247 37 18 or or CCONJ crl-14247 37 19 organized organized ADJ crl-14247 37 20 anarchies anarchy NOUN crl-14247 37 21 . . PUNCT crl-14247 38 1 6 6 NUM crl-14247 38 2 i. i. NOUN crl-14247 38 3 beha beha NOUN crl-14247 38 4 vioralism vioralism NOUN crl-14247 38 5 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 38 6 bias bias NOUN crl-14247 38 7 and and CCONJ crl-14247 38 8 variance variance NOUN crl-14247 38 9 there there PRON crl-14247 38 10 exist exist VERB crl-14247 38 11 severe severe ADJ crl-14247 38 12 problems problem NOUN crl-14247 38 13 in in ADP crl-14247 38 14 obtaining obtain VERB crl-14247 38 15 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 38 16 1 1 NUM crl-14247 38 17 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 38 18 · · PUNCT crl-14247 38 19 accurate accurate ADJ crl-14247 38 20 supervisor supervisor NOUN crl-14247 38 21 ratings rating NOUN crl-14247 38 22 of of ADP crl-14247 38 23 job job NOUN crl-14247 38 24 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 38 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 38 26 even even ADV crl-14247 38 27 on on ADP crl-14247 38 28 a a DET crl-14247 38 29 single single ADJ crl-14247 38 30 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 38 31 dimension dimension NOUN crl-14247 38 32 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 38 33 and and CCONJ crl-14247 38 34 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 38 35 2 2 X crl-14247 38 36 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 38 37 agreement agreement NOUN crl-14247 38 38 among among ADP crl-14247 38 39 raters rater NOUN crl-14247 38 40 on on ADP crl-14247 38 41 a a DET crl-14247 38 42 ratee ratee NOUN crl-14247 38 43 ' ' PART crl-14247 38 44 s s PART crl-14247 38 45 composite composite ADJ crl-14247 38 46 , , PUNCT crl-14247 38 47 comparative comparative ADJ crl-14247 38 48 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-14247 38 49 . . PUNCT crl-14247 39 1 although although SCONJ crl-14247 39 2 rater rater PROPN crl-14247 39 3 agreement agreement NOUN crl-14247 39 4 is be AUX crl-14247 39 5 no no DET crl-14247 39 6 guarantee guarantee NOUN crl-14247 39 7 of of ADP crl-14247 39 8 accurate accurate ADJ crl-14247 39 9 results result NOUN crl-14247 39 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 39 11 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 39 12 disagreement disagreement NOUN crl-14247 39 13 does do AUX crl-14247 39 14 signal signal VERB crl-14247 39 15 the the DET crl-14247 39 16 presence presence NOUN crl-14247 39 17 of of ADP crl-14247 39 18 error error NOUN crl-14247 39 19 . . PUNCT crl-14247 40 1 two two NUM crl-14247 40 2 fundamental fundamental ADJ crl-14247 40 3 sources source NOUN crl-14247 40 4 of of ADP crl-14247 40 5 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 40 6 variance variance NOUN crl-14247 40 7 can can AUX crl-14247 40 8 be be AUX crl-14247 40 9 singled single VERB crl-14247 40 10 out out ADP crl-14247 40 11 : : PUNCT crl-14247 40 12 bias bias NOUN crl-14247 40 13 and and CCONJ crl-14247 40 14 halo halo PROPN crl-14247 40 15 error error NOUN crl-14247 40 16 . . PUNCT crl-14247 41 1 many many ADJ crl-14247 41 2 specific specific ADJ crl-14247 41 3 sources source NOUN crl-14247 41 4 of of ADP crl-14247 41 5 variance variance NOUN crl-14247 41 6 can can AUX crl-14247 41 7 be be AUX crl-14247 41 8 partially partially ADV crl-14247 41 9 remedied remedied ADJ crl-14247 41 10 or or CCONJ crl-14247 41 11 at at ADP crl-14247 41 12 least least ADJ crl-14247 41 13 accounted account VERB crl-14247 41 14 for for ADP crl-14247 41 15 in in ADP crl-14247 41 16 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 41 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 41 18 whereas whereas SCONJ crl-14247 41 19 bias bias NOUN crl-14247 41 20 and and CCONJ crl-14247 41 21 halo halo NOUN crl-14247 41 22 error error NOUN crl-14247 41 23 remain remain VERB crl-14247 41 24 intractable intractable ADJ crl-14247 41 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 42 1 7 7 NUM crl-14247 42 2 by by ADP crl-14247 42 3 all all DET crl-14247 42 4 accounts account NOUN crl-14247 42 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 42 6 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 42 7 bias bias PROPN crl-14247 42 8 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 42 9 i.e. i.e. X crl-14247 42 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 42 11 preference preference NOUN crl-14247 42 12 or or CCONJ crl-14247 42 13 prejudice prejudice NOUN crl-14247 42 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 42 15 whether whether SCONJ crl-14247 42 16 conscious conscious ADJ crl-14247 42 17 or or CCONJ crl-14247 42 18 unconscious unconscious ADJ crl-14247 42 19 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 42 20 is be AUX crl-14247 42 21 the the DET crl-14247 42 22 most most ADV crl-14247 42 23 serious serious ADJ crl-14247 42 24 common common ADJ crl-14247 42 25 problem problem NOUN crl-14247 42 26 of of ADP crl-14247 42 27 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 42 28 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 42 29 . . PUNCT crl-14247 43 1 a a DET crl-14247 43 2 substantial substantial ADJ crl-14247 43 3 body body NOUN crl-14247 43 4 of of ADP crl-14247 43 5 empirical empirical ADJ crl-14247 43 6 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 43 7 demonstrates demonstrate VERB crl-14247 43 8 what what PRON crl-14247 43 9 one one PRON crl-14247 43 10 might might AUX crl-14247 43 11 expect expect VERB crl-14247 43 12 from from ADP crl-14247 43 13 everyday everyday ADJ crl-14247 43 14 experience experience NOUN crl-14247 43 15 : : PUNCT crl-14247 43 16 people people NOUN crl-14247 43 17 tend tend VERB crl-14247 43 18 to to PART crl-14247 43 19 rate rate VERB crl-14247 43 20 people people NOUN crl-14247 43 21 like like ADP crl-14247 43 22 themselves themselves PRON crl-14247 43 23 more more ADV crl-14247 43 24 favorably favorably ADV crl-14247 43 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 44 1 8 8 NUM crl-14247 44 2 according accord VERB crl-14247 44 3 to to ADP crl-14247 44 4 pers.~mal pers.~mal ADJ crl-14247 44 5 construct construct NOUN crl-14247 44 6 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 44 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 44 8 each each DET crl-14247 44 9 individual individual NOUN crl-14247 44 10 relies rely VERB crl-14247 44 11 on on ADP crl-14247 44 12 a a DET crl-14247 44 13 set set NOUN crl-14247 44 14 of of ADP crl-14247 44 15 his his PRON crl-14247 44 16 or or CCONJ crl-14247 44 17 her her PRON crl-14247 44 18 own own ADJ crl-14247 44 19 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14247 44 20 to to PART crl-14247 44 21 make make VERB crl-14247 44 22 judgments judgment NOUN crl-14247 44 23 about about ADP crl-14247 44 24 others other NOUN crl-14247 44 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 45 1 thus thus ADV crl-14247 45 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 45 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 45 4 more more ADV crl-14247 45 5 effective effective ADJ crl-14247 45 6 " " PUNCT crl-14247 45 7 managers manager NOUN crl-14247 45 8 value value NOUN crl-14247 45 9 initiative initiative NOUN crl-14247 45 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 45 11 planning planning NOUN crl-14247 45 12 ability ability NOUN crl-14247 45 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 45 14 perseverance perseverance NOUN crl-14247 45 15 , , PUNCT crl-14247 45 16 and and CCONJ crl-14247 45 17 broad broad ADJ crl-14247 45 18 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 45 19 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 45 20 " " PUNCT crl-14247 45 21 less less ADV crl-14247 45 22 effective effective ADJ crl-14247 45 23 " " PUNCT crl-14247 45 24 managers manager NOUN crl-14247 45 25 value value NOUN crl-14247 45 26 consideration consideration NOUN crl-14247 45 27 , , PUNCT crl-14247 45 28 tact tact NOUN crl-14247 45 29 , , PUNCT crl-14247 45 30 cooperation cooperation NOUN crl-14247 45 31 , , PUNCT crl-14247 45 32 teamwork teamwork NOUN crl-14247 45 33 , , PUNCT crl-14247 45 34 and and CCONJ crl-14247 45 35 loyalty loyalty NOUN crl-14247 45 36 .9 .9 NUM crl-14247 46 1 in in ADP crl-14247 46 2 the the DET crl-14247 46 3 same same ADJ crl-14247 46 4 way way NOUN crl-14247 46 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 46 6 raters rater NOUN crl-14247 46 7 are be AUX crl-14247 46 8 differentially differentially ADV crl-14247 46 9 accurate accurate ADJ crl-14247 46 10 in in ADP crl-14247 46 11 identifying identify VERB crl-14247 46 12 " " PUNCT crl-14247 46 13 correct correct ADJ crl-14247 46 14 " " PUNCT crl-14247 46 15 and and CCONJ crl-14247 46 16 " " PUNCT crl-14247 46 17 incorrect incorrect ADJ crl-14247 46 18 " " PUNCT crl-14247 46 19 job job NOUN crl-14247 46 20 behaviors behavior NOUN crl-14247 46 21 . . PUNCT crl-14247 47 1 10 10 NUM crl-14247 47 2 even even ADV crl-14247 47 3 440 440 NUM crl-14247 47 4 college college NOUN crl-14247 47 5 & & CCONJ crl-14247 47 6 research research NOUN crl-14247 47 7 libraries library NOUN crl-14247 47 8 when when SCONJ crl-14247 47 9 raters rater NOUN crl-14247 47 10 focus focus VERB crl-14247 47 11 on on ADP crl-14247 47 12 a a DET crl-14247 47 13 single single ADJ crl-14247 47 14 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 47 15 or or CCONJ crl-14247 47 16 trait trait NOUN crl-14247 47 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 47 18 subjectivity subjectivity NOUN crl-14247 47 19 breeds breed NOUN crl-14247 47 20 variance variance PROPN crl-14247 47 21 .11 .11 PROPN crl-14247 47 22 halo halo PROPN crl-14247 47 23 error error NOUN crl-14247 47 24 is be AUX crl-14247 47 25 committed commit VERB crl-14247 47 26 by by ADP crl-14247 47 27 raters rater NOUN crl-14247 47 28 relying rely VERB crl-14247 47 29 on on ADP crl-14247 47 30 a a DET crl-14247 47 31 summary summary NOUN crl-14247 47 32 impression impression NOUN crl-14247 47 33 of of ADP crl-14247 47 34 each each DET crl-14247 47 35 ratee ratee NOUN crl-14247 47 36 rather rather ADV crl-14247 47 37 than than ADP crl-14247 47 38 distinguishing distinguish VERB crl-14247 47 39 among among ADP crl-14247 47 40 the the DET crl-14247 47 41 levels level NOUN crl-14247 47 42 of of ADP crl-14247 47 43 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 47 44 that that SCONJ crl-14247 47 45 individuals individual NOUN crl-14247 47 46 exhibit exhibit VERB crl-14247 47 47 on on ADP crl-14247 47 48 different different ADJ crl-14247 47 49 job job NOUN crl-14247 47 50 dimensions dimension NOUN crl-14247 47 51 . . PUNCT crl-14247 48 1 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-14247 48 2 of of ADP crl-14247 48 3 any any DET crl-14247 48 4 one one NUM crl-14247 48 5 dimension dimension NOUN crl-14247 48 6 is be AUX crl-14247 48 7 not not PART crl-14247 48 8 synonymous synonymous ADJ crl-14247 48 9 with with ADP crl-14247 48 10 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 48 11 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 48 12 as as ADP crl-14247 48 13 a a DET crl-14247 48 14 whole whole NOUN crl-14247 48 15 . . PUNCT crl-14247 49 1 12 12 NUM crl-14247 49 2 a a DET crl-14247 49 3 number number NOUN crl-14247 49 4 of of ADP crl-14247 49 5 reports report NOUN crl-14247 49 6 conclude conclude VERB crl-14247 49 7 that that SCONJ crl-14247 49 8 no no DET crl-14247 49 9 appraisal appraisal ADJ crl-14247 49 10 instrument instrument NOUN crl-14247 49 11 or or CCONJ crl-14247 49 12 amount amount NOUN crl-14247 49 13 of of ADP crl-14247 49 14 education education NOUN crl-14247 49 15 or or CCONJ crl-14247 49 16 experience experience NOUN crl-14247 49 17 is be AUX crl-14247 49 18 satisfactorily satisfactorily ADV crl-14247 49 19 resistant resistant ADJ crl-14247 49 20 to to ADP crl-14247 49 21 halo halo PROPN crl-14247 49 22 error error NOUN crl-14247 49 23 . . PUNCT crl-14247 50 1 13 13 NUM crl-14247 50 2 training training NOUN crl-14247 50 3 sessions session NOUN crl-14247 50 4 in in ADP crl-14247 50 5 which which PRON crl-14247 50 6 participants participant NOUN crl-14247 50 7 are be AUX crl-14247 50 8 urged urge VERB crl-14247 50 9 not not PART crl-14247 50 10 to to PART crl-14247 50 11 commit commit VERB crl-14247 50 12 this this DET crl-14247 50 13 error error NOUN crl-14247 50 14 run run VERB crl-14247 50 15 two two NUM crl-14247 50 16 related related ADJ crl-14247 50 17 risks risk NOUN crl-14247 50 18 . . PUNCT crl-14247 51 1 one one NUM crl-14247 51 2 is be AUX crl-14247 51 3 that that SCONJ crl-14247 51 4 individual individual ADJ crl-14247 51 5 raters rater NOUN crl-14247 51 6 are be AUX crl-14247 51 7 not not PART crl-14247 51 8 capable capable ADJ crl-14247 51 9 of of ADP crl-14247 51 10 accurately accurately ADV crl-14247 51 11 identifying identify VERB crl-14247 51 12 ratees ratee NOUN crl-14247 51 13 ' ' PART crl-14247 51 14 strong strong ADJ crl-14247 51 15 and and CCONJ crl-14247 51 16 weak weak ADJ crl-14247 51 17 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 51 18 areas area NOUN crl-14247 51 19 . . PUNCT crl-14247 52 1 " " PUNCT crl-14247 52 2 thus thus ADV crl-14247 52 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 52 4 it it PRON crl-14247 52 5 is be AUX crl-14247 52 6 possible possible ADJ crl-14247 52 7 that that SCONJ crl-14247 52 8 reducing reduce VERB crl-14247 52 9 halo halo NOUN crl-14247 52 10 may may AUX crl-14247 52 11 also also ADV crl-14247 52 12 lead lead VERB crl-14247 52 13 to to ADP crl-14247 52 14 reduced reduce VERB crl-14247 52 15 reliability reliability NOUN crl-14247 52 16 . . PUNCT crl-14247 52 17 " " PUNCT crl-14247 53 1 14 14 NUM crl-14247 53 2 the the DET crl-14247 53 3 other other ADJ crl-14247 53 4 risk risk NOUN crl-14247 53 5 is be AUX crl-14247 53 6 that that SCONJ crl-14247 53 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 53 8 making make VERB crl-14247 53 9 greater great ADJ crl-14247 53 10 distinctions distinction NOUN crl-14247 53 11 among among ADP crl-14247 53 12 different different ADJ crl-14247 53 13 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 53 14 categories category NOUN crl-14247 53 15 may may AUX crl-14247 53 16 lead lead VERB crl-14247 53 17 to to ADP crl-14247 53 18 a a DET crl-14247 53 19 reduction reduction NOUN crl-14247 53 20 in in ADP crl-14247 53 21 interrater interrater ADJ crl-14247 53 22 reliability reliability NOUN crl-14247 53 23 " " PUNCT crl-14247 53 24 as as ADV crl-14247 53 25 well well ADV crl-14247 53 26 .15 .15 NUM crl-14247 53 27 possible possible ADJ crl-14247 53 28 upper upper ADJ crl-14247 53 29 limits limit NOUN crl-14247 53 30 in in ADP crl-14247 53 31 reliability reliability NOUN crl-14247 53 32 of of ADP crl-14247 53 33 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 53 34 ratings rating NOUN crl-14247 53 35 were be AUX crl-14247 53 36 explored explore VERB crl-14247 53 37 in in ADP crl-14247 53 38 one one NUM crl-14247 53 39 experiment experiment NOUN crl-14247 53 40 by by ADP crl-14247 53 41 creating create VERB crl-14247 53 42 a a DET crl-14247 53 43 nearly nearly ADV crl-14247 53 44 ideal ideal ADJ crl-14247 53 45 environment environment NOUN crl-14247 53 46 in in ADP crl-14247 53 47 which which PRON crl-14247 53 48 actors actor NOUN crl-14247 53 49 played play VERB crl-14247 53 50 jobs job NOUN crl-14247 53 51 familiar familiar ADJ crl-14247 53 52 to to ADP crl-14247 53 53 the the DET crl-14247 53 54 raters rater NOUN crl-14247 53 55 . . PUNCT crl-14247 54 1 results result NOUN crl-14247 54 2 indicated indicate VERB crl-14247 54 3 an an DET crl-14247 54 4 inborn inborn ADJ crl-14247 54 5 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 54 6 ceiling ceiling NOUN crl-14247 54 7 for for ADP crl-14247 54 8 interrater interrater ADJ crl-14247 54 9 agreement agreement NOUN crl-14247 54 10 in in ADP crl-14247 54 11 judging judge VERB crl-14247 54 12 perforrnance perforrnance NOUN crl-14247 54 13 . . PUNCT crl-14247 54 14 " " PUNCT crl-14247 55 1 16 16 NUM crl-14247 55 2 given give VERB crl-14247 55 3 what what PRON crl-14247 55 4 appear appear VERB crl-14247 55 5 to to PART crl-14247 55 6 be be AUX crl-14247 55 7 human human ADJ crl-14247 55 8 limitations limitation NOUN crl-14247 55 9 associated associate VERB crl-14247 55 10 with with ADP crl-14247 55 11 halo halo PROPN crl-14247 55 12 error error NOUN crl-14247 55 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 55 14 some some DET crl-14247 55 15 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 55 16 researchers researcher NOUN crl-14247 55 17 are be AUX crl-14247 55 18 turning turn VERB crl-14247 55 19 away away ADV crl-14247 55 20 from from ADP crl-14247 55 21 efforts effort NOUN crl-14247 55 22 to to PART crl-14247 55 23 control control VERB crl-14247 55 24 halo halo PROPN crl-14247 55 25 error error NOUN crl-14247 55 26 and and CCONJ crl-14247 55 27 toward toward ADP crl-14247 55 28 study study NOUN crl-14247 55 29 of of ADP crl-14247 55 30 the the DET crl-14247 55 31 kinds kind NOUN crl-14247 55 32 of of ADP crl-14247 55 33 cues cue NOUN crl-14247 55 34 people people NOUN crl-14247 55 35 depend depend VERB crl-14247 55 36 upon upon SCONJ crl-14247 55 37 in in ADP crl-14247 55 38 making make VERB crl-14247 55 39 summary summary NOUN crl-14247 55 40 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-14247 55 41 of of ADP crl-14247 55 42 others other NOUN crl-14247 55 43 . . PUNCT crl-14247 56 1 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 56 2 construct construct NOUN crl-14247 56 3 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 56 4 is be AUX crl-14247 56 5 one one NUM crl-14247 56 6 example example NOUN crl-14247 56 7 of of ADP crl-14247 56 8 this this DET crl-14247 56 9 shift shift NOUN crl-14247 56 10 in in ADP crl-14247 56 11 theoretical theoretical ADJ crl-14247 56 12 approach approach NOUN crl-14247 56 13 . . PUNCT crl-14247 57 1 another another DET crl-14247 57 2 example example NOUN crl-14247 57 3 of of ADP crl-14247 57 4 the the DET crl-14247 57 5 new new ADJ crl-14247 57 6 research research NOUN crl-14247 57 7 centers center NOUN crl-14247 57 8 on on ADP crl-14247 57 9 attribution attribution NOUN crl-14247 57 10 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 57 11 in in ADP crl-14247 57 12 the the DET crl-14247 57 13 field field NOUN crl-14247 57 14 of of ADP crl-14247 57 15 social social ADJ crl-14247 57 16 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 57 17 . . PUNCT crl-14247 58 1 17 17 NUM crl-14247 58 2 this this DET crl-14247 58 3 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 58 4 seeks seek VERB crl-14247 58 5 to to PART crl-14247 58 6 explain explain VERB crl-14247 58 7 by by ADP crl-14247 58 8 a a DET crl-14247 58 9 two two NUM crl-14247 58 10 - - PUNCT crl-14247 58 11 stage stage NOUN crl-14247 58 12 process process NOUN crl-14247 58 13 people people NOUN crl-14247 58 14 's 's PART crl-14247 58 15 naive naive ADJ crl-14247 58 16 assumptions assumption NOUN crl-14247 58 17 about about ADP crl-14247 58 18 the the DET crl-14247 58 19 causes cause NOUN crl-14247 58 20 of of ADP crl-14247 58 21 their their PRON crl-14247 58 22 own own ADJ crl-14247 58 23 and and CCONJ crl-14247 58 24 others other NOUN crl-14247 58 25 ' ' PART crl-14247 58 26 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 58 27 . . PUNCT crl-14247 59 1 in in ADP crl-14247 59 2 the the DET crl-14247 59 3 first first ADJ crl-14247 59 4 or or CCONJ crl-14247 59 5 diagnostic diagnostic ADJ crl-14247 59 6 stage stage NOUN crl-14247 59 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 59 8 the the DET crl-14247 59 9 supervisor supervisor NOUN crl-14247 59 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 59 11 presented present VERB crl-14247 59 12 with with ADP crl-14247 59 13 an an DET crl-14247 59 14 incident incident NOUN crl-14247 59 15 of of ADP crl-14247 59 16 poor poor ADJ crl-14247 59 17 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 59 18 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 59 19 e.g. e.g. ADV crl-14247 59 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 59 21 tardiness tardiness PROPN crl-14247 59 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 59 23 a a DET crl-14247 59 24 missed miss VERB crl-14247 59 25 · · NUM crl-14247 59 26 deadline deadline NOUN crl-14247 59 27 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 59 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 59 29 tries try VERB crl-14247 59 30 to to PART crl-14247 59 31 determine determine VERB crl-14247 59 32 the the DET crl-14247 59 33 cause cause NOUN crl-14247 59 34 by by ADP crl-14247 59 35 sorting sort VERB crl-14247 59 36 through through ADP crl-14247 59 37 a a DET crl-14247 59 38 variety variety NOUN crl-14247 59 39 of of ADP crl-14247 59 40 informational informational ADJ crl-14247 59 41 cues cue NOUN crl-14247 59 42 . . PUNCT crl-14247 60 1 such such ADJ crl-14247 60 2 attribution attribution NOUN crl-14247 60 3 involves involve VERB crl-14247 60 4 a a DET crl-14247 60 5 judgment judgment NOUN crl-14247 60 6 about about ADP crl-14247 60 7 whether whether SCONJ crl-14247 60 8 the the DET crl-14247 60 9 cause cause NOUN crl-14247 60 10 was be AUX crl-14247 60 11 internal internal ADJ crl-14247 60 12 to to ADP crl-14247 60 13 the the DET crl-14247 60 14 subordinate subordinate NOUN crl-14247 60 15 · · PUNCT crl-14247 60 16 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 60 17 e.g. e.g. ADV crl-14247 60 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 60 19 his his PRON crl-14247 60 20 or or CCONJ crl-14247 60 21 her her PRON crl-14247 60 22 attitude attitude NOUN crl-14247 60 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 60 24 ability ability NOUN crl-14247 60 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 60 26 or or CCONJ crl-14247 60 27 effort effort NOUN crl-14247 60 28 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 60 29 or or CCONJ crl-14247 60 30 external external ADJ crl-14247 60 31 to to ADP crl-14247 60 32 the the DET crl-14247 60 33 september september PROPN crl-14247 60 34 1986 1986 NUM crl-14247 60 35 subordinate subordinate NOUN crl-14247 60 36 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 60 37 e.g. e.g. ADV crl-14247 60 38 , , PUNCT crl-14247 60 39 task task NOUN crl-14247 60 40 difficulty difficulty NOUN crl-14247 60 41 , , PUNCT crl-14247 60 42 lack lack NOUN crl-14247 60 43 of of ADP crl-14247 60 44 support support NOUN crl-14247 60 45 , , PUNCT crl-14247 60 46 insufficient insufficient ADJ crl-14247 60 47 information information NOUN crl-14247 60 48 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 60 49 . . PUNCT crl-14247 61 1 the the DET crl-14247 61 2 diagnostic diagnostic ADJ crl-14247 61 3 stage stage NOUN crl-14247 61 4 is be AUX crl-14247 61 5 typically typically ADV crl-14247 61 6 dominated dominate VERB crl-14247 61 7 by by ADP crl-14247 61 8 self self NOUN crl-14247 61 9 - - PUNCT crl-14247 61 10 serving serve VERB crl-14247 61 11 biases bias NOUN crl-14247 61 12 . . PUNCT crl-14247 62 1 a a DET crl-14247 62 2 number number NOUN crl-14247 62 3 of of ADP crl-14247 62 4 empirical empirical ADJ crl-14247 62 5 studies study NOUN crl-14247 62 6 show show VERB crl-14247 62 7 that that SCONJ crl-14247 62 8 people people NOUN crl-14247 62 9 think think VERB crl-14247 62 10 their their PRON crl-14247 62 11 own own ADJ crl-14247 62 12 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 62 13 stems stem VERB crl-14247 62 14 from from ADP crl-14247 62 15 external external ADJ crl-14247 62 16 forces force NOUN crl-14247 62 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 62 18 while while SCONJ crl-14247 62 19 others other NOUN crl-14247 62 20 ' ' PART crl-14247 62 21 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 62 22 sterns stern NOUN crl-14247 62 23 from from ADP crl-14247 62 24 internal internal ADJ crl-14247 62 25 factors factor NOUN crl-14247 62 26 . . PUNCT crl-14247 63 1 18 18 NUM crl-14247 63 2 thus thus ADV crl-14247 63 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 63 4 in in ADP crl-14247 63 5 the the DET crl-14247 63 6 case case NOUN crl-14247 63 7 of of ADP crl-14247 63 8 unsatisfactory unsatisfactory ADJ crl-14247 63 9 job job NOUN crl-14247 63 10 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 63 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 63 12 the the DET crl-14247 63 13 supervisor supervisor NOUN crl-14247 63 14 is be AUX crl-14247 63 15 likely likely ADJ crl-14247 63 16 to to PART crl-14247 63 17 blame blame VERB crl-14247 63 18 internal internal ADJ crl-14247 63 19 causes cause NOUN crl-14247 63 20 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 63 21 i.e. i.e. X crl-14247 63 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 63 23 the the DET crl-14247 63 24 ratee ratee NOUN crl-14247 63 25 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 63 26 , , PUNCT crl-14247 63 27 while while SCONJ crl-14247 63 28 the the DET crl-14247 63 29 subordinate subordinate NOUN crl-14247 63 30 is be AUX crl-14247 63 31 likely likely ADJ crl-14247 63 32 to to PART crl-14247 63 33 blame blame VERB crl-14247 63 34 external external ADJ crl-14247 63 35 events event NOUN crl-14247 63 36 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 63 37 i.e. i.e. X crl-14247 63 38 , , PUNCT crl-14247 63 39 things thing NOUN crl-14247 63 40 beyond beyond ADP crl-14247 63 41 his his PRON crl-14247 63 42 or or CCONJ crl-14247 63 43 her her PRON crl-14247 63 44 control control NOUN crl-14247 63 45 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 63 46 . . PUNCT crl-14247 64 1 at at ADP crl-14247 64 2 the the DET crl-14247 64 3 decision decision NOUN crl-14247 64 4 stage stage NOUN crl-14247 64 5 the the DET crl-14247 64 6 supervisor supervisor NOUN crl-14247 64 7 can can AUX crl-14247 64 8 either either CCONJ crl-14247 64 9 modify modify VERB crl-14247 64 10 the the DET crl-14247 64 11 job job NOUN crl-14247 64 12 or or CCONJ crl-14247 64 13 tell tell VERB crl-14247 64 14 the the DET crl-14247 64 15 subordinate subordinate NOUN crl-14247 64 16 to to PART crl-14247 64 17 " " PUNCT crl-14247 64 18 change change VERB crl-14247 64 19 . . PUNCT crl-14247 64 20 " " PUNCT crl-14247 65 1 usually usually ADV crl-14247 65 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 65 3 the the DET crl-14247 65 4 latter latter ADJ crl-14247 65 5 course course NOUN crl-14247 65 6 is be AUX crl-14247 65 7 easier easy ADJ crl-14247 65 8 . . PUNCT crl-14247 66 1 this this DET crl-14247 66 2 tendency tendency NOUN crl-14247 66 3 toward toward ADP crl-14247 66 4 internal internal ADJ crl-14247 66 5 attribution attribution NOUN crl-14247 66 6 is be AUX crl-14247 66 7 strengthened strengthen VERB crl-14247 66 8 when when SCONJ crl-14247 66 9 the the DET crl-14247 66 10 outcome outcome NOUN crl-14247 66 11 of of ADP crl-14247 66 12 unsatisfactory unsatisfactory ADJ crl-14247 66 13 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 66 14 is be AUX crl-14247 66 15 serious serious ADJ crl-14247 66 16 - - PUNCT crl-14247 66 17 even even ADV crl-14247 66 18 though though SCONJ crl-14247 66 19 the the DET crl-14247 66 20 outcome outcome NOUN crl-14247 66 21 may may AUX crl-14247 66 22 have have AUX crl-14247 66 23 been be AUX crl-14247 66 24 beyond beyond ADP crl-14247 66 25 the the DET crl-14247 66 26 subordinate subordinate NOUN crl-14247 66 27 's 's PART crl-14247 66 28 control control NOUN crl-14247 66 29 . . PUNCT crl-14247 67 1 however however ADV crl-14247 67 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 67 3 when when SCONJ crl-14247 67 4 poor poor ADJ crl-14247 67 5 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 67 6 occurs occur VERB crl-14247 67 7 without without ADP crl-14247 67 8 serious serious ADJ crl-14247 67 9 consequence consequence NOUN crl-14247 67 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 67 11 the the DET crl-14247 67 12 supervisor supervisor NOUN crl-14247 67 13 is be AUX crl-14247 67 14 more more ADV crl-14247 67 15 likely likely ADJ crl-14247 67 16 to to PART crl-14247 67 17 overlook overlook VERB crl-14247 67 18 the the DET crl-14247 67 19 problem problem NOUN crl-14247 67 20 . . PUNCT crl-14247 68 1 19 19 NUM crl-14247 68 2 attribution attribution NOUN crl-14247 68 3 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 68 4 holds hold VERB crl-14247 68 5 that that SCONJ crl-14247 68 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 68 7 for for ADP crl-14247 68 8 more more ADV crl-14247 68 9 effective effective ADJ crl-14247 68 10 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 68 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 68 12 supervisors supervisor NOUN crl-14247 68 13 should should AUX crl-14247 68 14 focus focus VERB crl-14247 68 15 on on ADP crl-14247 68 16 the the DET crl-14247 68 17 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 68 18 and and CCONJ crl-14247 68 19 not not PART crl-14247 68 20 the the DET crl-14247 68 21 outcome outcome NOUN crl-14247 68 22 . . PUNCT crl-14247 69 1 alternative alternative ADJ crl-14247 69 2 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 69 3 patterns pattern NOUN crl-14247 69 4 in in ADP crl-14247 69 5 view view NOUN crl-14247 69 6 of of ADP crl-14247 69 7 the the DET crl-14247 69 8 inherent inherent ADJ crl-14247 69 9 difficulties difficulty NOUN crl-14247 69 10 of of ADP crl-14247 69 11 the the DET crl-14247 69 12 supervisor supervisor NOUN crl-14247 69 13 - - PUNCT crl-14247 69 14 subordinate subordinate NOUN crl-14247 69 15 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14247 69 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 69 17 various various ADJ crl-14247 69 18 other other ADJ crl-14247 69 19 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 69 20 patterns pattern NOUN crl-14247 69 21 have have AUX crl-14247 69 22 received receive VERB crl-14247 69 23 attention attention NOUN crl-14247 69 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 70 1 research research NOUN crl-14247 70 2 on on ADP crl-14247 70 3 subordinate subordinate ADJ crl-14247 70 4 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-14247 70 5 of of ADP crl-14247 70 6 the the DET crl-14247 70 7 supervisor supervisor NOUN crl-14247 70 8 is be AUX crl-14247 70 9 slim slim ADJ crl-14247 70 10 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 70 11 also also ADV crl-14247 70 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 70 13 the the DET crl-14247 70 14 results result NOUN crl-14247 70 15 of of ADP crl-14247 70 16 experiments experiment NOUN crl-14247 70 17 do do AUX crl-14247 70 18 not not PART crl-14247 70 19 lend lend VERB crl-14247 70 20 themselves themselves PRON crl-14247 70 21 to to ADP crl-14247 70 22 clear clear ADJ crl-14247 70 23 generalization generalization NOUN crl-14247 70 24 , , PUNCT crl-14247 70 25 apart apart ADV crl-14247 70 26 from from ADP crl-14247 70 27 the the DET crl-14247 70 28 evidence evidence NOUN crl-14247 70 29 of of ADP crl-14247 70 30 a a DET crl-14247 70 31 potential potential NOUN crl-14247 70 32 for for ADP crl-14247 70 33 frictions friction NOUN crl-14247 70 34 and and CCONJ crl-14247 70 35 misunderstandings misunderstanding NOUN crl-14247 70 36 in in ADP crl-14247 70 37 the the DET crl-14247 70 38 use use NOUN crl-14247 70 39 of of ADP crl-14247 70 40 this this DET crl-14247 70 41 appraisal.20 appraisal.20 PROPN crl-14247 70 42 laboratory laboratory NOUN crl-14247 70 43 experiments experiment NOUN crl-14247 70 44 , , PUNCT crl-14247 70 45 lacking lack VERB crl-14247 70 46 any any DET crl-14247 70 47 real real ADJ crl-14247 70 48 threat threat NOUN crl-14247 70 49 of of ADP crl-14247 70 50 ratee ratee NOUN crl-14247 70 51 retaliation retaliation NOUN crl-14247 70 52 , , PUNCT crl-14247 70 53 are be AUX crl-14247 70 54 theoretically theoretically ADV crl-14247 70 55 interesting interesting ADJ crl-14247 70 56 but but CCONJ crl-14247 70 57 tend tend VERB crl-14247 70 58 to to PART crl-14247 70 59 be be AUX crl-14247 70 60 artificial artificial ADJ crl-14247 70 61 . . PUNCT crl-14247 71 1 one one NUM crl-14247 71 2 set set NOUN crl-14247 71 3 of of ADP crl-14247 71 4 experiments experiment NOUN crl-14247 71 5 on on ADP crl-14247 71 6 reverse reverse ADJ crl-14247 71 7 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-14247 71 8 suggests suggest VERB crl-14247 71 9 a a DET crl-14247 71 10 declining decline VERB crl-14247 71 11 role role NOUN crl-14247 71 12 for for ADP crl-14247 71 13 sex sex NOUN crl-14247 71 14 bias bias NOUN crl-14247 71 15 . . PUNCT crl-14247 72 1 traditionally traditionally ADV crl-14247 72 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 72 3 women woman NOUN crl-14247 72 4 have have AUX crl-14247 72 5 been be AUX crl-14247 72 6 rated rate VERB crl-14247 72 7 differentlx differentlx ADJ crl-14247 72 8 from from ADP crl-14247 72 9 men man NOUN crl-14247 72 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 72 11 very very ADV crl-14247 72 12 often often ADV crl-14247 72 13 more more ADV crl-14247 72 14 negatively negatively ADV crl-14247 72 15 . . PUNCT crl-14247 73 1 1 1 NUM crl-14247 73 2 at at ADP crl-14247 73 3 the the DET crl-14247 73 4 university university PROPN crl-14247 73 5 of of ADP crl-14247 73 6 dayton dayton PROPN crl-14247 73 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 73 8 male male ADJ crl-14247 73 9 subjects subject NOUN crl-14247 73 10 and and CCONJ crl-14247 73 11 female female ADJ crl-14247 73 12 confederates confederate NOUN crl-14247 73 13 worked work VERB crl-14247 73 14 in in ADP crl-14247 73 15 dyads dyad NOUN crl-14247 73 16 on on ADP crl-14247 73 17 a a DET crl-14247 73 18 task task NOUN crl-14247 73 19 in in ADP crl-14247 73 20 which which PRON crl-14247 73 21 the the DET crl-14247 73 22 female female ADJ crl-14247 73 23 confederate confederate NOUN crl-14247 73 24 was be AUX crl-14247 73 25 always always ADV crl-14247 73 26 chosen choose VERB crl-14247 73 27 leader leader NOUN crl-14247 73 28 over over ADP crl-14247 73 29 the the DET crl-14247 73 30 male male ADJ crl-14247 73 31 subject subject NOUN crl-14247 73 32 . . PUNCT crl-14247 74 1 the the DET crl-14247 74 2 selection selection NOUN crl-14247 74 3 of of ADP crl-14247 74 4 leaders leader NOUN crl-14247 74 5 was be AUX crl-14247 74 6 designed design VERB crl-14247 74 7 to to PART crl-14247 74 8 appear appear VERB crl-14247 74 9 in in ADP crl-14247 74 10 one one NUM crl-14247 74 11 of of ADP crl-14247 74 12 three three NUM crl-14247 74 13 ways way NOUN crl-14247 74 14 to to ADP crl-14247 74 15 the the DET crl-14247 74 16 men man NOUN crl-14247 74 17 : : PUNCT crl-14247 74 18 as as ADP crl-14247 74 19 an an DET crl-14247 74 20 arbitrary arbitrary ADJ crl-14247 74 21 decision decision NOUN crl-14247 74 22 based base VERB crl-14247 74 23 on on ADP crl-14247 74 24 sex sex NOUN crl-14247 74 25 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 74 26 as as ADP crl-14247 74 27 a a DET crl-14247 74 28 matter matter NOUN crl-14247 74 29 of of ADP crl-14247 74 30 " " PUNCT crl-14247 74 31 chance chance NOUN crl-14247 74 32 " " PUNCT crl-14247 74 33 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 74 34 or or CCONJ crl-14247 74 35 as as ADP crl-14247 74 36 a a DET crl-14247 74 37 determination determination NOUN crl-14247 74 38 of of ADP crl-14247 74 39 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 74 40 merit merit NOUN crl-14247 74 41 , , PUNCT crl-14247 74 42 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 74 43 based base VERB crl-14247 74 44 on on ADP crl-14247 74 45 a a DET crl-14247 74 46 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 74 47 secretly secretly ADV crl-14247 74 48 rigged rig VERB crl-14247 74 49 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 74 50 male male ADJ crl-14247 74 51 - - PUNCT crl-14247 74 52 female female ADJ crl-14247 74 53 competition competition NOUN crl-14247 74 54 on on ADP crl-14247 74 55 a a DET crl-14247 74 56 prior prior ADJ crl-14247 74 57 task task NOUN crl-14247 74 58 . . PUNCT crl-14247 75 1 it it PRON crl-14247 75 2 was be AUX crl-14247 75 3 arranged arrange VERB crl-14247 75 4 for for SCONJ crl-14247 75 5 half half NOUN crl-14247 75 6 of of ADP crl-14247 75 7 the the DET crl-14247 75 8 teams team NOUN crl-14247 75 9 to to PART crl-14247 75 10 succeed succeed VERB crl-14247 75 11 at at ADP crl-14247 75 12 the the DET crl-14247 75 13 task task NOUN crl-14247 75 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 75 15 the the DET crl-14247 75 16 other other ADJ crl-14247 75 17 half half NOUN crl-14247 75 18 to to PART crl-14247 75 19 fail fail VERB crl-14247 75 20 . . PUNCT crl-14247 76 1 22 22 NUM crl-14247 76 2 results result NOUN crl-14247 76 3 of of ADP crl-14247 76 4 the the DET crl-14247 76 5 experiments experiment NOUN crl-14247 76 6 indicate indicate VERB crl-14247 76 7 that that SCONJ crl-14247 76 8 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 76 9 of of ADP crl-14247 76 10 women woman NOUN crl-14247 76 11 as as SCONJ crl-14247 76 12 leaders leader NOUN crl-14247 76 13 is be AUX crl-14247 76 14 mainly mainly ADV crl-14247 76 15 a a DET crl-14247 76 16 dual dual ADJ crl-14247 76 17 function function NOUN crl-14247 76 18 of of ADP crl-14247 76 19 perceived perceive VERB crl-14247 76 20 fairness fairness NOUN crl-14247 76 21 of of ADP crl-14247 76 22 the the DET crl-14247 76 23 selection selection NOUN crl-14247 76 24 method method NOUN crl-14247 76 25 and and CCONJ crl-14247 76 26 of of ADP crl-14247 76 27 task task NOUN crl-14247 76 28 outcome outcome NOUN crl-14247 76 29 . . PUNCT crl-14247 77 1 in in ADP crl-14247 77 2 the the DET crl-14247 77 3 first first ADJ crl-14247 77 4 instance instance NOUN crl-14247 77 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 77 6 male male ADJ crl-14247 77 7 subordinates subordinate NOUN crl-14247 77 8 who who PRON crl-14247 77 9 think think VERB crl-14247 77 10 that that SCONJ crl-14247 77 11 a a DET crl-14247 77 12 woman woman NOUN crl-14247 77 13 was be AUX crl-14247 77 14 handed hand VERB crl-14247 77 15 a a DET crl-14247 77 16 leadership leadership NOUN crl-14247 77 17 position position NOUN crl-14247 77 18 by by ADP crl-14247 77 19 virtue virtue NOUN crl-14247 77 20 of of ADP crl-14247 77 21 her her PRON crl-14247 77 22 sex sex NOUN crl-14247 77 23 may may AUX crl-14247 77 24 try try VERB crl-14247 77 25 to to PART crl-14247 77 26 restore restore VERB crl-14247 77 27 psychological psychological ADJ crl-14247 77 28 equity equity NOUN crl-14247 77 29 by by ADP crl-14247 77 30 downgrading downgrade VERB crl-14247 77 31 a a DET crl-14247 77 32 woman woman NOUN crl-14247 77 33 's 's PART crl-14247 77 34 qualifications qualification NOUN crl-14247 77 35 . . PUNCT crl-14247 78 1 the the DET crl-14247 78 2 other other ADJ crl-14247 78 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 78 4 more more ADV crl-14247 78 5 powerful powerful ADJ crl-14247 78 6 criterion criterion NOUN crl-14247 78 7 of of ADP crl-14247 78 8 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 78 9 for for ADP crl-14247 78 10 the the DET crl-14247 78 11 woman woman NOUN crl-14247 78 12 leader leader NOUN crl-14247 78 13 is be AUX crl-14247 78 14 whether whether SCONJ crl-14247 78 15 she she PRON crl-14247 78 16 succeeds succeed VERB crl-14247 78 17 at at ADP crl-14247 78 18 the the DET crl-14247 78 19 task task NOUN crl-14247 78 20 . . PUNCT crl-14247 79 1 although although SCONJ crl-14247 79 2 these these DET crl-14247 79 3 findings finding NOUN crl-14247 79 4 can can AUX crl-14247 79 5 reasonably reasonably ADV crl-14247 79 6 be be AUX crl-14247 79 7 extended extend VERB crl-14247 79 8 to to ADP crl-14247 79 9 a a DET crl-14247 79 10 leader leader NOUN crl-14247 79 11 of of ADP crl-14247 79 12 either either DET crl-14247 79 13 sex sex NOUN crl-14247 79 14 when when SCONJ crl-14247 79 15 the the DET crl-14247 79 16 selection selection NOUN crl-14247 79 17 process process NOUN crl-14247 79 18 is be AUX crl-14247 79 19 perceived perceive VERB crl-14247 79 20 to to PART crl-14247 79 21 be be AUX crl-14247 79 22 unfair unfair ADJ crl-14247 79 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 79 24 they they PRON crl-14247 79 25 carry carry VERB crl-14247 79 26 a a DET crl-14247 79 27 particular particular ADJ crl-14247 79 28 warning warning NOUN crl-14247 79 29 against against ADP crl-14247 79 30 clumsy clumsy ADJ crl-14247 79 31 affirmative affirmative ADJ crl-14247 79 32 action action NOUN crl-14247 79 33 programs program NOUN crl-14247 79 34 . . PUNCT crl-14247 80 1 also also ADV crl-14247 80 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 80 3 they they PRON crl-14247 80 4 suggest suggest VERB crl-14247 80 5 that that SCONJ crl-14247 80 6 organizations organization NOUN crl-14247 80 7 can can AUX crl-14247 80 8 best well ADV crl-14247 80 9 insure insure VERB crl-14247 80 10 a a DET crl-14247 80 11 person person NOUN crl-14247 80 12 's 's PART crl-14247 80 13 acceptance acceptance NOUN crl-14247 80 14 in in ADP crl-14247 80 15 a a DET crl-14247 80 16 leadership leadership NOUN crl-14247 80 17 role role NOUN crl-14247 80 18 by by ADP crl-14247 80 19 assigning assign VERB crl-14247 80 20 · · PUNCT crl-14247 80 21 relatively relatively ADV crl-14247 80 22 easy easy ADJ crl-14247 80 23 tasks task NOUN crl-14247 80 24 at at ADP crl-14247 80 25 first first ADV crl-14247 80 26 . . PUNCT crl-14247 81 1 peer peer NOUN crl-14247 81 2 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-14247 81 3 have have VERB crl-14247 81 4 a a DET crl-14247 81 5 curious curious ADJ crl-14247 81 6 quality quality NOUN crl-14247 81 7 . . PUNCT crl-14247 82 1 they they PRON crl-14247 82 2 tend tend VERB crl-14247 82 3 to to PART crl-14247 82 4 show show VERB crl-14247 82 5 more more ADJ crl-14247 82 6 halo halo NOUN crl-14247 82 7 error error NOUN crl-14247 82 8 than than ADP crl-14247 82 9 supervisor supervisor NOUN crl-14247 82 10 ratings rating NOUN crl-14247 82 11 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 82 12 i.e. i.e. X crl-14247 82 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 82 14 less less ADJ crl-14247 82 15 sensitivity sensitivity NOUN crl-14247 82 16 to to ADP crl-14247 82 17 differences difference NOUN crl-14247 82 18 among among ADP crl-14247 82 19 job job NOUN crl-14247 82 20 behaviors behavior NOUN crl-14247 82 21 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 82 22 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 82 23 23 23 NUM crl-14247 82 24 yet yet ADV crl-14247 82 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 82 26 they they PRON crl-14247 82 27 have have VERB crl-14247 82 28 high high ADJ crl-14247 82 29 reliability reliability NOUN crl-14247 82 30 : : PUNCT crl-14247 82 31 in in ADP crl-14247 82 32 the the DET crl-14247 82 33 prediction prediction NOUN crl-14247 82 34 of of ADP crl-14247 82 35 leadership leadership NOUN crl-14247 82 36 potential potential NOUN crl-14247 82 37 . . PUNCT crl-14247 83 1 24 24 NUM crl-14247 83 2 no no DET crl-14247 83 3 general general ADJ crl-14247 83 4 explanation explanation NOUN crl-14247 83 5 of of ADP crl-14247 83 6 this this DET crl-14247 83 7 reliability reliability NOUN crl-14247 83 8 seems seem VERB crl-14247 83 9 to to PART crl-14247 83 10 exist exist VERB crl-14247 83 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 83 12 but but CCONJ crl-14247 83 13 a a DET crl-14247 83 14 number number NOUN crl-14247 83 15 of of ADP crl-14247 83 16 specific specific ADJ crl-14247 83 17 findings finding NOUN crl-14247 83 18 are be AUX crl-14247 83 19 well well ADV crl-14247 83 20 documented document VERB crl-14247 83 21 : : PUNCT crl-14247 83 22 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 83 23 1 1 X crl-14247 83 24 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 83 25 friendship friendship NOUN crl-14247 83 26 plays play VERB crl-14247 83 27 a a DET crl-14247 83 28 minor minor ADJ crl-14247 83 29 role role NOUN crl-14247 83 30 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 83 31 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 83 32 2 2 X crl-14247 83 33 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 83 34 racial racial ADJ crl-14247 83 35 bias bias NOUN crl-14247 83 36 is be AUX crl-14247 83 37 to to PART crl-14247 83 38 be be AUX crl-14247 83 39 expected expect VERB crl-14247 83 40 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 83 41 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 83 42 3 3 X crl-14247 83 43 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 83 44 brief brief ADJ crl-14247 83 45 observations observation NOUN crl-14247 83 46 of of ADP crl-14247 83 47 physical physical ADJ crl-14247 83 48 appearance appearance NOUN crl-14247 83 49 and and CCONJ crl-14247 83 50 · · NUM crl-14247 83 51 manner manner NOUN crl-14247 83 52 are be AUX crl-14247 83 53 highly highly ADV crl-14247 83 54 similar similar ADJ crl-14247 83 55 to to ADP crl-14247 83 56 observations observation NOUN crl-14247 83 57 based base VERB crl-14247 83 58 on on ADP crl-14247 83 59 considerable considerable ADJ crl-14247 83 60 prior prior ADJ crl-14247 83 61 contact contact NOUN crl-14247 83 62 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 83 63 and and CCONJ crl-14247 83 64 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 83 65 4 4 X crl-14247 83 66 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 83 67 peer peer NOUN crl-14247 83 68 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-14247 83 69 are be AUX crl-14247 83 70 stable stable ADJ crl-14247 83 71 across across ADP crl-14247 83 72 poups poup NOUN crl-14247 83 73 , , PUNCT crl-14247 83 74 or or CCONJ crl-14247 83 75 as as ADP crl-14247 83 76 group group NOUN crl-14247 83 77 composition composition NOUN crl-14247 83 78 changes change NOUN crl-14247 83 79 . . PUNCT crl-14247 84 1 self self NOUN crl-14247 84 2 - - PUNCT crl-14247 84 3 ratings rating NOUN crl-14247 84 4 are be AUX crl-14247 84 5 dichotomous dichotomous ADJ crl-14247 84 6 . . PUNCT crl-14247 85 1 when when SCONJ crl-14247 85 2 employees employee NOUN crl-14247 85 3 compare compare VERB crl-14247 85 4 their their PRON crl-14247 85 5 own own ADJ crl-14247 85 6 job job NOUN crl-14247 85 7 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 85 8 with with ADP crl-14247 85 9 the the DET crl-14247 85 10 that that PRON crl-14247 85 11 of of ADP crl-14247 85 12 others other NOUN crl-14247 85 13 in in ADP crl-14247 85 14 similar similar ADJ crl-14247 85 15 jobs job NOUN crl-14247 85 16 at at ADP crl-14247 85 17 about about ADV crl-14247 85 18 the the DET crl-14247 85 19 same same ADJ crl-14247 85 20 salary salary NOUN crl-14247 85 21 , , PUNCT crl-14247 85 22 self self NOUN crl-14247 85 23 - - PUNCT crl-14247 85 24 ratings rating NOUN crl-14247 85 25 are be AUX crl-14247 85 26 greatly greatly ADV crl-14247 85 27 inflated inflate VERB crl-14247 85 28 . . PUNCT crl-14247 86 1 as as ADP crl-14247 86 2 a a DET crl-14247 86 3 rule rule NOUN crl-14247 86 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 86 5 the the PRON crl-14247 86 6 higher high ADJ crl-14247 86 7 the the DET crl-14247 86 8 job job NOUN crl-14247 86 9 level level NOUN crl-14247 86 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 86 11 the the PRON crl-14247 86 12 greater great ADJ crl-14247 86 13 the the DET crl-14247 86 14 inflation inflation NOUN crl-14247 86 15 . . PUNCT crl-14247 87 1 for for ADP crl-14247 87 2 example example NOUN crl-14247 87 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 87 4 among among ADP crl-14247 87 5 managers manager NOUN crl-14247 87 6 more more ADJ crl-14247 87 7 than than ADP crl-14247 87 8 80 80 NUM crl-14247 87 9 percent percent NOUN crl-14247 87 10 rated rate VERB crl-14247 87 11 themselves themselves PRON crl-14247 87 12 in in ADP crl-14247 87 13 the the DET crl-14247 87 14 top top ADJ crl-14247 87 15 10 10 NUM crl-14247 87 16 percent percent NOUN crl-14247 87 17 category category NOUN crl-14247 87 18 . . PUNCT crl-14247 88 1 26 26 NUM crl-14247 88 2 on on ADP crl-14247 88 3 the the DET crl-14247 88 4 other other ADJ crl-14247 88 5 hand hand NOUN crl-14247 88 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 88 7 self self NOUN crl-14247 88 8 - - PUNCT crl-14247 88 9 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 88 10 for for ADP crl-14247 88 11 developmental developmental ADJ crl-14247 88 12 purposes purpose NOUN crl-14247 88 13 are be AUX crl-14247 88 14 much much ADV crl-14247 88 15 more more ADV crl-14247 88 16 reliable reliable ADJ crl-14247 88 17 indicators indicator NOUN crl-14247 88 18 of of ADP crl-14247 88 19 one one PRON crl-14247 88 20 's 's PART crl-14247 88 21 relative relative ADJ crl-14247 88 22 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 88 23 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 88 24 441 441 NUM crl-14247 88 25 strength strength NOUN crl-14247 88 26 in in ADP crl-14247 88 27 different different ADJ crl-14247 88 28 capacities capacity NOUN crl-14247 88 29 . . PUNCT crl-14247 89 1 research research NOUN crl-14247 89 2 has have AUX crl-14247 89 3 shown show VERB crl-14247 89 4 that that SCONJ crl-14247 89 5 self self NOUN crl-14247 89 6 - - PUNCT crl-14247 89 7 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 89 8 of of ADP crl-14247 89 9 managerial managerial ADJ crl-14247 89 10 potential potential NOUN crl-14247 89 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 89 12 when when SCONJ crl-14247 89 13 done do VERB crl-14247 89 14 confidentially confidentially ADV crl-14247 89 15 , , PUNCT crl-14247 89 16 have have VERB crl-14247 89 17 fairly fairly ADV crl-14247 89 18 good good ADJ crl-14247 89 19 job job NOUN crl-14247 89 20 - - PUNCT crl-14247 89 21 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 89 22 discriminant discriminant NOUN crl-14247 89 23 validity validity NOUN crl-14247 89 24 and and CCONJ crl-14247 89 25 are be AUX crl-14247 89 26 not not PART crl-14247 89 27 unduly unduly ADV crl-14247 89 28 influenced influence VERB crl-14247 89 29 by by ADP crl-14247 89 30 halo halo PROPN crl-14247 89 31 error error NOUN crl-14247 89 32 . . PUNCT crl-14247 90 1 27 27 NUM crl-14247 90 2 overall overall ADJ crl-14247 90 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 90 4 most most ADJ crl-14247 90 5 people people NOUN crl-14247 90 6 have have VERB crl-14247 90 7 an an DET crl-14247 90 8 intuitive intuitive ADJ crl-14247 90 9 grasp grasp NOUN crl-14247 90 10 of of ADP crl-14247 90 11 their their PRON crl-14247 90 12 ability ability NOUN crl-14247 90 13 despite despite SCONJ crl-14247 90 14 an an DET crl-14247 90 15 unrealistically unrealistically ADV crl-14247 90 16 favorable favorable ADJ crl-14247 90 17 perception perception NOUN crl-14247 90 18 of of ADP crl-14247 90 19 their their PRON crl-14247 90 20 current current ADJ crl-14247 90 21 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 90 22 compared compare VERB crl-14247 90 23 to to ADP crl-14247 90 24 others other NOUN crl-14247 90 25 ' ' PART crl-14247 90 26 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 90 27 . . PUNCT crl-14247 91 1 this this DET crl-14247 91 2 selfdelusion selfdelusion NOUN crl-14247 91 3 is be AUX crl-14247 91 4 not not PART crl-14247 91 5 necessarily necessarily ADV crl-14247 91 6 bad bad ADJ crl-14247 91 7 . . PUNCT crl-14247 92 1 as as SCONJ crl-14247 92 2 research research NOUN crl-14247 92 3 has have AUX crl-14247 92 4 also also ADV crl-14247 92 5 shown show VERB crl-14247 92 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 92 7 high high ADJ crl-14247 92 8 self self NOUN crl-14247 92 9 - - PUNCT crl-14247 92 10 esteem esteem NOUN crl-14247 92 11 is be AUX crl-14247 92 12 associated associate VERB crl-14247 92 13 with with ADP crl-14247 92 14 many many ADJ crl-14247 92 15 desirable desirable ADJ crl-14247 92 16 work work NOUN crl-14247 92 17 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14247 92 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 92 19 such such ADJ crl-14247 92 20 as as ADP crl-14247 92 21 motivation motivation NOUN crl-14247 92 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 92 23 pride pride NOUN crl-14247 92 24 in in ADP crl-14247 92 25 one one PRON crl-14247 92 26 's 's PART crl-14247 92 27 work work NOUN crl-14247 92 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 92 29 and and CCONJ crl-14247 92 30 physical physical ADJ crl-14247 92 31 and and CCONJ crl-14247 92 32 mental mental ADJ crl-14247 92 33 well well ADV crl-14247 92 34 - - PUNCT crl-14247 92 35 being being NOUN crl-14247 92 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 93 1 28 28 NUM crl-14247 93 2 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 93 3 techniques technique NOUN crl-14247 93 4 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 93 5 training training NOUN crl-14247 93 6 . . PUNCT crl-14247 94 1 considerable considerable ADJ crl-14247 94 2 attention attention NOUN crl-14247 94 3 has have AUX crl-14247 94 4 been be AUX crl-14247 94 5 directed direct VERB crl-14247 94 6 toward toward ADP crl-14247 94 7 attempts attempt NOUN crl-14247 94 8 toreduce toreduce VERB crl-14247 94 9 various various ADJ crl-14247 94 10 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 94 11 errors error NOUN crl-14247 94 12 through through ADP crl-14247 94 13 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 94 14 training training NOUN crl-14247 94 15 . . PUNCT crl-14247 95 1 recent recent ADJ crl-14247 95 2 studies study NOUN crl-14247 95 3 suggest suggest VERB crl-14247 95 4 few few ADJ crl-14247 95 5 solid solid ADJ crl-14247 95 6 leads lead NOUN crl-14247 95 7 about about ADP crl-14247 95 8 how how SCONJ crl-14247 95 9 to to PART crl-14247 95 10 train train VERB crl-14247 95 11 people people NOUN crl-14247 95 12 to to PART crl-14247 95 13 observe observe VERB crl-14247 95 14 and and CCONJ crl-14247 95 15 record record NOUN crl-14247 95 16 job job NOUN crl-14247 95 17 behaviors behavior NOUN crl-14247 95 18 reliably reliably ADV crl-14247 95 19 . . PUNCT crl-14247 96 1 29 29 NUM crl-14247 96 2 some some DET crl-14247 96 3 writers writer NOUN crl-14247 96 4 argue argue VERB crl-14247 96 5 that that SCONJ crl-14247 96 6 training training NOUN crl-14247 96 7 programs program NOUN crl-14247 96 8 should should AUX crl-14247 96 9 not not PART crl-14247 96 10 be be AUX crl-14247 96 11 encouraged encourage VERB crl-14247 96 12 because because SCONJ crl-14247 96 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 96 14 lacking lack VERB crl-14247 96 15 any any DET crl-14247 96 16 theoretical theoretical ADJ crl-14247 96 17 model model NOUN crl-14247 96 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 96 19 " " PUNCT crl-14247 96 20 we we PRON crl-14247 96 21 do do AUX crl-14247 96 22 not not PART crl-14247 96 23 know know VERB crl-14247 96 24 what what PRON crl-14247 96 25 truth truth NOUN crl-14247 96 26 in in ADP crl-14247 96 27 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 96 28 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 96 29 is be AUX crl-14247 96 30 . . PUNCT crl-14247 96 31 " " PUNCT crl-14247 97 1 30 30 NUM crl-14247 97 2 others other NOUN crl-14247 97 3 contend contend VERB crl-14247 97 4 that that SCONJ crl-14247 97 5 some some DET crl-14247 97 6 training training NOUN crl-14247 97 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 97 8 at at ADP crl-14247 97 9 least least ADJ crl-14247 97 10 in in ADP crl-14247 97 11 communication communication NOUN crl-14247 97 12 skills skill NOUN crl-14247 97 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 97 14 is be AUX crl-14247 97 15 necessary necessary ADJ crl-14247 97 16 because because SCONJ crl-14247 97 17 raters rater NOUN crl-14247 97 18 without without ADP crl-14247 97 19 any any DET crl-14247 97 20 training training NOUN crl-14247 97 21 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 97 22 have have VERB crl-14247 97 23 the the DET crl-14247 97 24 potential potential NOUN crl-14247 97 25 of of ADP crl-14247 97 26 doing do VERB crl-14247 97 27 more more ADJ crl-14247 97 28 harm harm NOUN crl-14247 97 29 than than ADP crl-14247 97 30 good good ADJ crl-14247 97 31 . . PUNCT crl-14247 97 32 " " PUNCT crl-14247 98 1 31 31 NUM crl-14247 98 2 one one NUM crl-14247 98 3 drawback drawback NOUN crl-14247 98 4 to to PART crl-14247 98 5 rater rater VERB crl-14247 98 6 training training NOUN crl-14247 98 7 was be AUX crl-14247 98 8 mentioned mention VERB crl-14247 98 9 above above ADV crl-14247 98 10 : : PUNCT crl-14247 98 11 the the DET crl-14247 98 12 reduction reduction NOUN crl-14247 98 13 in in ADP crl-14247 98 14 determinant determinant ADJ crl-14247 98 15 validity validity NOUN crl-14247 98 16 and and CCONJ crl-14247 98 17 expansion expansion NOUN crl-14247 98 18 of of ADP crl-14247 98 19 interrater interrater ADJ crl-14247 98 20 variance variance NOUN crl-14247 98 21 after after SCONJ crl-14247 98 22 lectures lecture VERB crl-14247 98 23 about about ADP crl-14247 98 24 avoiding avoid VERB crl-14247 98 25 halo halo PROPN crl-14247 98 26 error error NOUN crl-14247 98 27 . . PUNCT crl-14247 99 1 another another DET crl-14247 99 2 consideration consideration NOUN crl-14247 99 3 is be AUX crl-14247 99 4 that that SCONJ crl-14247 99 5 the the DET crl-14247 99 6 impact impact NOUN crl-14247 99 7 of of ADP crl-14247 99 8 training training NOUN crl-14247 99 9 effects effect NOUN crl-14247 99 10 on on ADP crl-14247 99 11 subsequent subsequent ADJ crl-14247 99 12 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 99 13 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 99 14 does do AUX crl-14247 99 15 not not PART crl-14247 99 16 last last VERB crl-14247 99 17 long long ADV crl-14247 99 18 . . PUNCT crl-14247 100 1 the the DET crl-14247 100 2 most most ADV crl-14247 100 3 commonly commonly ADV crl-14247 100 4 cited cite VERB crl-14247 100 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 100 6 washout washout ADJ crl-14247 100 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 100 8 period period NOUN crl-14247 100 9 is be AUX crl-14247 100 10 one one NUM crl-14247 100 11 week week NOUN crl-14247 100 12 . . PUNCT crl-14247 101 1 32 32 NUM crl-14247 101 2 the the DET crl-14247 101 3 essential essential ADJ crl-14247 101 4 point point NOUN crl-14247 101 5 is be AUX crl-14247 101 6 that that SCONJ crl-14247 101 7 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 101 8 errors error NOUN crl-14247 101 9 appear appear VERB crl-14247 101 10 to to PART crl-14247 101 11 be be AUX crl-14247 101 12 well well ADV crl-14247 101 13 - - PUNCT crl-14247 101 14 developed develop VERB crl-14247 101 15 habits habit NOUN crl-14247 101 16 resistant resistant ADJ crl-14247 101 17 to to ADP crl-14247 101 18 lectures lecture NOUN crl-14247 101 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 101 20 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 101 21 , , PUNCT crl-14247 101 22 or or CCONJ crl-14247 101 23 warning warning NOUN crl-14247 101 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 102 1 33 33 NUM crl-14247 102 2 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 102 3 formats format NOUN crl-14247 102 4 . . PUNCT crl-14247 103 1 trait trait NOUN crl-14247 103 2 checklists checklist NOUN crl-14247 103 3 for for ADP crl-14247 103 4 grading grade VERB crl-14247 103 5 complex complex ADJ crl-14247 103 6 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 103 7 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14247 103 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 103 9 e.g. e.g. ADV crl-14247 103 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 103 11 cooperativeness cooperativeness NOUN crl-14247 103 12 and and CCONJ crl-14247 103 13 independence independence NOUN crl-14247 103 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 103 15 are be AUX crl-14247 103 16 looked look VERB crl-14247 103 17 upon upon SCONJ crl-14247 103 18 unfavorably unfavorably ADV crl-14247 103 19 in in ADP crl-14247 103 20 management management NOUN crl-14247 103 21 circles circle NOUN crl-14247 103 22 and and CCONJ crl-14247 103 23 by by ADP crl-14247 103 24 the the DET crl-14247 103 25 courts court NOUN crl-14247 103 26 . . PUNCT crl-14247 104 1 from from ADP crl-14247 104 2 an an DET crl-14247 104 3 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 104 4 standpoint standpoint NOUN crl-14247 104 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 104 6 the the DET crl-14247 104 7 main main ADJ crl-14247 104 8 problem problem NOUN crl-14247 104 9 with with ADP crl-14247 104 10 trait trait NOUN crl-14247 104 11 measures measure NOUN crl-14247 104 12 is be AUX crl-14247 104 13 poor poor ADJ crl-14247 104 14 feedback feedback NOUN crl-14247 104 15 : : PUNCT crl-14247 104 16 telling tell VERB crl-14247 104 17 someone someone PRON crl-14247 104 18 to to PART crl-14247 104 19 " " PUNCT crl-14247 104 20 show show VERB crl-14247 104 21 more more ADJ crl-14247 104 22 initiative initiative NOUN crl-14247 104 23 " " PUNCT crl-14247 104 24 or or CCONJ crl-14247 104 25 to to PART crl-14247 104 26 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 104 27 be be AUX crl-14247 104 28 a a DET crl-14247 104 29 better well ADJ crl-14247 104 30 listener listener NOUN crl-14247 104 31 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 104 32 does do VERB crl-14247 104 33 little little ADJ crl-14247 104 34 good good ADJ crl-14247 104 35 442 442 NUM crl-14247 104 36 college college PROPN crl-14247 104 37 & & CCONJ crl-14247 104 38 research research NOUN crl-14247 104 39 libraries library NOUN crl-14247 104 40 without without ADP crl-14247 104 41 telling tell VERB crl-14247 104 42 the the DET crl-14247 104 43 person person NOUN crl-14247 104 44 how how SCONJ crl-14247 104 45 to to PART crl-14247 104 46 implement implement VERB crl-14247 104 47 the the DET crl-14247 104 48 advice advice NOUN crl-14247 104 49 in in ADP crl-14247 104 50 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 104 51 terms term NOUN crl-14247 104 52 . . PUNCT crl-14247 105 1 34 34 NUM crl-14247 105 2 from from ADP crl-14247 105 3 a a DET crl-14247 105 4 legal legal ADJ crl-14247 105 5 perspective perspective NOUN crl-14247 105 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 105 7 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 105 8 decisions decision NOUN crl-14247 105 9 based base VERB crl-14247 105 10 on on ADP crl-14247 105 11 trait trait NOUN crl-14247 105 12 measures measure NOUN crl-14247 105 13 and and CCONJ crl-14247 105 14 affecting affect VERB crl-14247 105 15 protected protect VERB crl-14247 105 16 classes class NOUN crl-14247 105 17 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 105 18 e.g. e.g. ADV crl-14247 105 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 105 20 minorities minority NOUN crl-14247 105 21 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 105 22 are be AUX crl-14247 105 23 deemed deem VERB crl-14247 105 24 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 105 25 susceptible susceptible ADJ crl-14247 105 26 to to ADP crl-14247 105 27 partially partially ADV crl-14247 105 28 and and CCONJ crl-14247 105 29 to to ADP crl-14247 105 30 the the DET crl-14247 105 31 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 105 32 taste taste NOUN crl-14247 105 33 , , PUNCT crl-14247 105 34 whim whim PROPN crl-14247 105 35 , , PUNCT crl-14247 105 36 or or CCONJ crl-14247 105 37 fancy fancy NOUN crl-14247 105 38 of of ADP crl-14247 105 39 the the DET crl-14247 105 40 evaluator evaluator NOUN crl-14247 105 41 . . PUNCT crl-14247 105 42 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 106 1 35 35 NUM crl-14247 106 2 these these DET crl-14247 106 3 problems problem NOUN crl-14247 106 4 ae ae ADV crl-14247 106 5 well well ADV crl-14247 106 6 known know VERB crl-14247 106 7 . . PUNCT crl-14247 107 1 what what PRON crl-14247 107 2 is be AUX crl-14247 107 3 less less ADV crl-14247 107 4 widely widely ADV crl-14247 107 5 recognized recognize VERB crl-14247 107 6 is be AUX crl-14247 107 7 that that SCONJ crl-14247 107 8 trait trait NOUN crl-14247 107 9 measures measure NOUN crl-14247 107 10 and and CCONJ crl-14247 107 11 other other ADJ crl-14247 107 12 ad ad X crl-14247 107 13 hoc hoc X crl-14247 107 14 instruments instrument NOUN crl-14247 107 15 have have AUX crl-14247 107 16 been be AUX crl-14247 107 17 shown show VERB crl-14247 107 18 to to PART crl-14247 107 19 be be AUX crl-14247 107 20 no no PRON crl-14247 107 21 worse bad ADJ crl-14247 107 22 than than ADP crl-14247 107 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 107 24 and and CCONJ crl-14247 107 25 most most ADV crl-14247 107 26 often often ADV crl-14247 107 27 superior superior ADJ crl-14247 107 28 to to ADP crl-14247 107 29 , , PUNCT crl-14247 107 30 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 107 31 scaling scaling NOUN crl-14247 107 32 strategies strategy NOUN crl-14247 107 33 . . PUNCT crl-14247 108 1 in in ADP crl-14247 108 2 one one NUM crl-14247 108 3 study study NOUN crl-14247 108 4 of of ADP crl-14247 108 5 police police NOUN crl-14247 108 6 job job NOUN crl-14247 108 7 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 108 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 108 9 three three NUM crl-14247 108 10 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 108 11 instruments instrument NOUN crl-14247 108 12 - - PUNCT crl-14247 108 13 a a DET crl-14247 108 14 trait trait NOUN crl-14247 108 15 checklist checklist NOUN crl-14247 108 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 108 17 a a DET crl-14247 108 18 behaviorally behaviorally ADV crl-14247 108 19 anchored anchored ADJ crl-14247 108 20 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 108 21 scale scale NOUN crl-14247 108 22 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 108 23 bars bar NOUN crl-14247 108 24 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 108 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 108 26 and and CCONJ crl-14247 108 27 a a DET crl-14247 108 28 simpler simple ADJ crl-14247 108 29 numerical numerical ADJ crl-14247 108 30 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 108 31 scale scale NOUN crl-14247 108 32 - - PUNCT crl-14247 108 33 were be AUX crl-14247 108 34 compared compare VERB crl-14247 108 35 with with ADP crl-14247 108 36 respect respect NOUN crl-14247 108 37 to to ADP crl-14247 108 38 several several ADJ crl-14247 108 39 critieria critieria NOUN crl-14247 108 40 . . PUNCT crl-14247 109 1 although although SCONJ crl-14247 109 2 no no DET crl-14247 109 3 instrument instrument NOUN crl-14247 109 4 was be AUX crl-14247 109 5 clearly clearly ADV crl-14247 109 6 superior superior ADJ crl-14247 109 7 for for ADP crl-14247 109 8 all all DET crl-14247 109 9 purposes purpose NOUN crl-14247 109 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 109 11 the the DET crl-14247 109 12 results result NOUN crl-14247 109 13 taken take VERB crl-14247 109 14 together together ADV crl-14247 109 15 suggest suggest VERB crl-14247 109 16 the the DET crl-14247 109 17 following follow VERB crl-14247 109 18 ranking ranking NOUN crl-14247 109 19 from from ADP crl-14247 109 20 best good ADJ crl-14247 109 21 to to ADP crl-14247 109 22 worst bad ADJ crl-14247 109 23 : : PUNCT crl-14247 109 24 the the DET crl-14247 109 25 numerical numerical PROPN crl-14247 109 26 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 109 27 scale scale NOUN crl-14247 109 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 109 29 trait trait NOUN crl-14247 109 30 ratings rating NOUN crl-14247 109 31 , , PUNCT crl-14247 109 32 and and CCONJ crl-14247 109 33 the the DET crl-14247 109 34 bars bar NOUN crl-14247 109 35 format format NOUN crl-14247 109 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 110 1 36 36 NUM crl-14247 110 2 this this DET crl-14247 110 3 ordering ordering NOUN crl-14247 110 4 of of ADP crl-14247 110 5 the the DET crl-14247 110 6 relative relative ADJ crl-14247 110 7 superiority superiority NOUN crl-14247 110 8 of of ADP crl-14247 110 9 the the DET crl-14247 110 10 instruments instrument NOUN crl-14247 110 11 is be AUX crl-14247 110 12 contrary contrary ADJ crl-14247 110 13 to to ADP crl-14247 110 14 theoretical theoretical ADJ crl-14247 110 15 expectations expectation NOUN crl-14247 110 16 in in ADP crl-14247 110 17 a a DET crl-14247 110 18 number number NOUN crl-14247 110 19 of of ADP crl-14247 110 20 fields field NOUN crl-14247 110 21 but but CCONJ crl-14247 110 22 is be AUX crl-14247 110 23 in in ADP crl-14247 110 24 general general ADJ crl-14247 110 25 agreement agreement NOUN crl-14247 110 26 with with ADP crl-14247 110 27 the the DET crl-14247 110 28 reviews review NOUN crl-14247 110 29 of of ADP crl-14247 110 30 the the DET crl-14247 110 31 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 110 32 bearing bear VERB crl-14247 110 33 on on ADP crl-14247 110 34 empirical empirical ADJ crl-14247 110 35 testing testing NOUN crl-14247 110 36 of of ADP crl-14247 110 37 scaling scaling NOUN crl-14247 110 38 strategies strategy NOUN crl-14247 110 39 . . PUNCT crl-14247 111 1 37 37 NUM crl-14247 111 2 trait trait NOUN crl-14247 111 3 measures measure NOUN crl-14247 111 4 continue continue VERB crl-14247 111 5 to to PART crl-14247 111 6 be be AUX crl-14247 111 7 the the DET crl-14247 111 8 most most ADV crl-14247 111 9 widely widely ADV crl-14247 111 10 used use VERB crl-14247 111 11 tzy tzy NOUN crl-14247 111 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 111 13 e e NOUN crl-14247 111 14 of of ADP crl-14247 111 15 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 111 16 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 111 17 method method NOUN crl-14247 111 18 . . PUNCT crl-14247 112 1 by by ADP crl-14247 112 2 one one NUM crl-14247 112 3 estimate estimate NOUN crl-14247 112 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 112 5 90 90 NUM crl-14247 112 6 percent percent NOUN crl-14247 112 7 of of ADP crl-14247 112 8 today today NOUN crl-14247 112 9 ' ' PART crl-14247 112 10 s s PART crl-14247 112 11 organizations organization NOUN crl-14247 112 12 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-14247 112 13 an an DET crl-14247 112 14 employee employee NOUN crl-14247 112 15 's 's PART crl-14247 112 16 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN crl-14247 112 17 in in ADP crl-14247 112 18 terms term NOUN crl-14247 112 19 of of ADP crl-14247 112 20 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 112 21 qualities quality NOUN crl-14247 112 22 thought think VERB crl-14247 112 23 desirable desirable ADJ crl-14247 112 24 by by ADP crl-14247 112 25 those those PRON crl-14247 112 26 in in ADP crl-14247 112 27 the the DET crl-14247 112 28 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 112 29 hierarchy hierarchy NOUN crl-14247 112 30 . . PUNCT crl-14247 113 1 39 39 NUM crl-14247 113 2 mbo mbo NOUN crl-14247 113 3 . . PUNCT crl-14247 114 1 management management NOUN crl-14247 114 2 by by ADP crl-14247 114 3 objectives objective NOUN crl-14247 114 4 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 114 5 mbo mbo NOUN crl-14247 114 6 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 114 7 and and CCONJ crl-14247 114 8 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 114 9 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 114 10 are be AUX crl-14247 114 11 often often ADV crl-14247 114 12 confused confuse VERB crl-14247 114 13 . . PUNCT crl-14247 115 1 the the DET crl-14247 115 2 key key NOUN crl-14247 115 3 to to ADP crl-14247 115 4 mbo mbo NOUN crl-14247 115 5 ' ' PART crl-14247 115 6 s s PART crl-14247 115 7 success success NOUN crl-14247 115 8 is be AUX crl-14247 115 9 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 115 10 setting setting NOUN crl-14247 115 11 tailored tailor VERB crl-14247 115 12 to to ADP crl-14247 115 13 the the DET crl-14247 115 14 individual individual NOUN crl-14247 115 15 , , PUNCT crl-14247 115 16 while while SCONJ crl-14247 115 17 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 115 18 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 115 19 attempts attempt NOUN crl-14247 115 20 to to PART crl-14247 115 21 apply apply VERB crl-14247 115 22 uniform uniform ADJ crl-14247 115 23 standards standard NOUN crl-14247 115 24 to to ADP crl-14247 115 25 all all DET crl-14247 115 26 employee employee NOUN crl-14247 115 27 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 115 28 . . PUNCT crl-14247 116 1 nevertheless nevertheless ADV crl-14247 116 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 116 3 writers writer NOUN crl-14247 116 4 have have AUX crl-14247 116 5 commonly commonly ADV crl-14247 116 6 adopted adopt VERB crl-14247 116 7 two two NUM crl-14247 116 8 interconnected interconnect VERB crl-14247 116 9 postulates postulate NOUN crl-14247 116 10 that that PRON crl-14247 116 11 hold hold VERB crl-14247 116 12 first first ADV crl-14247 116 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 116 14 that that SCONJ crl-14247 116 15 mbo mbo NOUN crl-14247 116 16 leads lead VERB crl-14247 116 17 to to ADP crl-14247 116 18 higher high ADJ crl-14247 116 19 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 116 20 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 116 21 and and CCONJ crl-14247 116 22 second second ADV crl-14247 116 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 116 24 that that SCONJ crl-14247 116 25 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 116 26 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 116 27 should should AUX crl-14247 116 28 focus focus VERB crl-14247 116 29 on on ADP crl-14247 116 30 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 116 31 attainment attainment NOUN crl-14247 116 32 . . PUNCT crl-14247 117 1 underlying underlie VERB crl-14247 117 2 the the DET crl-14247 117 3 first first ADJ crl-14247 117 4 postulate postulate NOUN crl-14247 117 5 is be AUX crl-14247 117 6 the the DET crl-14247 117 7 belief belief NOUN crl-14247 117 8 that that SCONJ crl-14247 117 9 participative participative ADJ crl-14247 117 10 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 117 11 setting setting NOUN crl-14247 117 12 is be AUX crl-14247 117 13 superior superior ADJ crl-14247 117 14 to to ADP crl-14247 117 15 assigning assign VERB crl-14247 117 16 goals goal NOUN crl-14247 117 17 . . PUNCT crl-14247 118 1 the the DET crl-14247 118 2 research research NOUN crl-14247 118 3 on on ADP crl-14247 118 4 this this DET crl-14247 118 5 issue issue NOUN crl-14247 118 6 is be AUX crl-14247 118 7 equivocal equivocal ADJ crl-14247 118 8 . . PUNCT crl-14247 119 1 it it PRON crl-14247 119 2 would would AUX crl-14247 119 3 appear appear VERB crl-14247 119 4 that that SCONJ crl-14247 119 5 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 119 6 specificity specificity NOUN crl-14247 119 7 and and CCONJ crl-14247 119 8 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 119 9 acceptance acceptance NOUN crl-14247 119 10 september september PROPN crl-14247 119 11 1986 1986 NUM crl-14247 119 12 can can AUX crl-14247 119 13 be be AUX crl-14247 119 14 attained attain VERB crl-14247 119 15 as as ADV crl-14247 119 16 easily easily ADV crl-14247 119 17 through through ADP crl-14247 119 18 assigned assign VERB crl-14247 119 19 as as ADP crl-14247 119 20 through through ADP crl-14247 119 21 mutually mutually ADV crl-14247 119 22 set set ADJ crl-14247 119 23 goals goal NOUN crl-14247 119 24 but but CCONJ crl-14247 119 25 that that SCONJ crl-14247 119 26 the the DET crl-14247 119 27 establishment establishment NOUN crl-14247 119 28 of of ADP crl-14247 119 29 higher high ADJ crl-14247 119 30 goals goal NOUN crl-14247 119 31 is be AUX crl-14247 119 32 enhanced enhance VERB crl-14247 119 33 more more ADV crl-14247 119 34 by by ADP crl-14247 119 35 employee employee NOUN crl-14247 119 36 participation participation NOUN crl-14247 119 37 than than ADP crl-14247 119 38 by by ADP crl-14247 119 39 assigning assign VERB crl-14247 119 40 higher high ADJ crl-14247 119 41 goals goal NOUN crl-14247 119 42 or or CCONJ crl-14247 119 43 telling tell VERB crl-14247 119 44 employees employee NOUN crl-14247 119 45 to to PART crl-14247 119 46 do do VERB crl-14247 119 47 their their PRON crl-14247 119 48 best good ADJ crl-14247 119 49 . . PUNCT crl-14247 120 1 40 40 NUM crl-14247 120 2 although although SCONJ crl-14247 120 3 there there PRON crl-14247 120 4 is be VERB crl-14247 120 5 a a DET crl-14247 120 6 heavy heavy ADJ crl-14247 120 7 emphasis emphasis NOUN crl-14247 120 8 in in ADP crl-14247 120 9 the the DET crl-14247 120 10 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 120 11 on on ADP crl-14247 120 12 mutual mutual ADJ crl-14247 120 13 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 120 14 setting setting NOUN crl-14247 120 15 for for ADP crl-14247 120 16 the the DET crl-14247 120 17 sake sake NOUN crl-14247 120 18 of of ADP crl-14247 120 19 professional professional ADJ crl-14247 120 20 employees employee NOUN crl-14247 120 21 , , PUNCT crl-14247 120 22 one one NUM crl-14247 120 23 review review NOUN crl-14247 120 24 article article NOUN crl-14247 120 25 found find VERB crl-14247 120 26 that that SCONJ crl-14247 120 27 such such ADJ crl-14247 120 28 participation participation NOUN crl-14247 120 29 is be AUX crl-14247 120 30 " " PUNCT crl-14247 120 31 most most ADV crl-14247 120 32 effective effective ADJ crl-14247 120 33 among among ADP crl-14247 120 34 uneducated uneducated ADJ crl-14247 120 35 and and CCONJ crl-14247 120 36 minoritygroup minoritygroup NOUN crl-14247 120 37 members member NOUN crl-14247 120 38 , , PUNCT crl-14247 120 39 perhaps perhaps ADV crl-14247 120 40 because because SCONJ crl-14247 120 41 it it PRON crl-14247 120 42 gives give VERB crl-14247 120 43 them they PRON crl-14247 120 44 a a DET crl-14247 120 45 sense sense NOUN crl-14247 120 46 of of ADP crl-14247 120 47 control control NOUN crl-14247 120 48 over over ADP crl-14247 120 49 their their PRON crl-14247 120 50 fate fate NOUN crl-14247 120 51 . . PUNCT crl-14247 120 52 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 121 1 41 41 NUM crl-14247 121 2 the the DET crl-14247 121 3 second second ADJ crl-14247 121 4 postulate postulate NOUN crl-14247 121 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 121 6 that that SCONJ crl-14247 121 7 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 121 8 raters rater NOUN crl-14247 121 9 should should AUX crl-14247 121 10 emphasize emphasize VERB crl-14247 121 11 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 121 12 attainment attainment NOUN crl-14247 121 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 121 14 ignores ignore VERB crl-14247 121 15 the the DET crl-14247 121 16 maxim maxim NOUN crl-14247 121 17 of of ADP crl-14247 121 18 attribution attribution NOUN crl-14247 121 19 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 121 20 : : PUNCT crl-14247 121 21 for for ADP crl-14247 121 22 more more ADV crl-14247 121 23 effective effective ADJ crl-14247 121 24 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 121 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 121 26 raters rater NOUN crl-14247 121 27 should should AUX crl-14247 121 28 focus focus VERB crl-14247 121 29 on on ADP crl-14247 121 30 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 121 31 and and CCONJ crl-14247 121 32 not not PART crl-14247 121 33 outcome outcome VERB crl-14247 121 34 . . PUNCT crl-14247 122 1 research research NOUN crl-14247 122 2 has have AUX crl-14247 122 3 shown show VERB crl-14247 122 4 that that SCONJ crl-14247 122 5 if if SCONJ crl-14247 122 6 employees employee NOUN crl-14247 122 7 are be AUX crl-14247 122 8 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-14247 122 9 on on ADP crl-14247 122 10 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 122 11 attainment attainment NOUN crl-14247 122 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 122 13 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 122 14 they they PRON crl-14247 122 15 are be AUX crl-14247 122 16 likely likely ADJ crl-14247 122 17 to to PART crl-14247 122 18 set set VERB crl-14247 122 19 low low ADJ crl-14247 122 20 goals goal NOUN crl-14247 122 21 or or CCONJ crl-14247 122 22 reject reject VERB crl-14247 122 23 higher high ADJ crl-14247 122 24 goals goal NOUN crl-14247 122 25 imposed impose VERB crl-14247 122 26 by by ADP crl-14247 122 27 supervisors supervisor NOUN crl-14247 122 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 122 29 " " PUNCT crl-14247 122 30 but but CCONJ crl-14247 122 31 that that SCONJ crl-14247 122 32 if if SCONJ crl-14247 122 33 employees employee NOUN crl-14247 122 34 are be AUX crl-14247 122 35 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-14247 122 36 on on ADP crl-14247 122 37 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 122 38 , , PUNCT crl-14247 122 39 " " PUNCT crl-14247 122 40 they they PRON crl-14247 122 41 will will AUX crl-14247 122 42 continue continue VERB crl-14247 122 43 to to PART crl-14247 122 44 set set VERB crl-14247 122 45 high high ADJ crl-14247 122 46 goals goal NOUN crl-14247 122 47 whether whether SCONJ crl-14247 122 48 the the DET crl-14247 122 49 goals goal NOUN crl-14247 122 50 are be AUX crl-14247 122 51 attained attain VERB crl-14247 122 52 or or CCONJ crl-14247 122 53 not not PART crl-14247 122 54 . . PUNCT crl-14247 122 55 " " PUNCT crl-14247 123 1 42 42 NUM crl-14247 123 2 again again ADV crl-14247 123 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 123 4 the the DET crl-14247 123 5 role role NOUN crl-14247 123 6 of of ADP crl-14247 123 7 participation participation NOUN crl-14247 123 8 is be AUX crl-14247 123 9 unclear unclear ADJ crl-14247 123 10 . . PUNCT crl-14247 124 1 when when SCONJ crl-14247 124 2 one one NUM crl-14247 124 3 of of ADP crl-14247 124 4 the the DET crl-14247 124 5 parties party NOUN crl-14247 124 6 in in ADP crl-14247 124 7 mutual mutual ADJ crl-14247 124 8 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 124 9 setting setting NOUN crl-14247 124 10 is be AUX crl-14247 124 11 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 124 12 more more ADV crl-14247 124 13 equal equal ADJ crl-14247 124 14 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 124 15 than than ADP crl-14247 124 16 the the DET crl-14247 124 17 other other ADJ crl-14247 124 18 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 124 19 as as SCONJ crl-14247 124 20 is be AUX crl-14247 124 21 the the DET crl-14247 124 22 norm norm NOUN crl-14247 124 23 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 124 24 , , PUNCT crl-14247 124 25 the the DET crl-14247 124 26 question question NOUN crl-14247 124 27 of of ADP crl-14247 124 28 management management NOUN crl-14247 124 29 by by ADP crl-14247 124 30 whose whose DET crl-14247 124 31 objectives objective NOUN crl-14247 124 32 inevitably inevitably ADV crl-14247 124 33 arises arise VERB crl-14247 124 34 . . PUNCT crl-14247 125 1 43 43 NUM crl-14247 125 2 although although SCONJ crl-14247 125 3 quantification quantification NOUN crl-14247 125 4 is be AUX crl-14247 125 5 not not PART crl-14247 125 6 possible possible ADJ crl-14247 125 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 125 8 observers observer NOUN crl-14247 125 9 seem seem VERB crl-14247 125 10 to to PART crl-14247 125 11 agree agree VERB crl-14247 125 12 that that SCONJ crl-14247 125 13 mbo mbo NOUN crl-14247 125 14 includes include VERB crl-14247 125 15 a a DET crl-14247 125 16 lot lot NOUN crl-14247 125 17 of of ADP crl-14247 125 18 spurious spurious ADJ crl-14247 125 19 participation participation NOUN crl-14247 125 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 125 21 in in ADP crl-14247 125 22 which which PRON crl-14247 125 23 the the DET crl-14247 125 24 fiction fiction NOUN crl-14247 125 25 is be AUX crl-14247 125 26 maintained maintain VERB crl-14247 125 27 that that SCONJ crl-14247 125 28 the the DET crl-14247 125 29 subordinate subordinate NOUN crl-14247 125 30 is be AUX crl-14247 125 31 making make VERB crl-14247 125 32 a a DET crl-14247 125 33 real real ADJ crl-14247 125 34 input input NOUN crl-14247 125 35 into into ADP crl-14247 125 36 work work NOUN crl-14247 125 37 planning planning NOUN crl-14247 125 38 and and CCONJ crl-14247 125 39 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 125 40 setting setting NOUN crl-14247 125 41 . . PUNCT crl-14247 126 1 44 44 NUM crl-14247 126 2 moreover moreover ADV crl-14247 126 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 126 4 mbo mbo NOUN crl-14247 126 5 is be AUX crl-14247 126 6 not not PART crl-14247 126 7 for for ADP crl-14247 126 8 everyone everyone PRON crl-14247 126 9 . . PUNCT crl-14247 127 1 job job NOUN crl-14247 127 2 experience experience NOUN crl-14247 127 3 is be AUX crl-14247 127 4 necessary necessary ADJ crl-14247 127 5 before before SCONJ crl-14247 127 6 participation participation NOUN crl-14247 127 7 makes make VERB crl-14247 127 8 much much ADJ crl-14247 127 9 sense sense NOUN crl-14247 127 10 . . PUNCT crl-14247 128 1 for for ADP crl-14247 128 2 new new ADJ crl-14247 128 3 employees employee NOUN crl-14247 128 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 128 5 as as ADV crl-14247 128 6 well well ADV crl-14247 128 7 as as ADP crl-14247 128 8 troublesome troublesome ADJ crl-14247 128 9 ones one NOUN crl-14247 128 10 and and CCONJ crl-14247 128 11 those those PRON crl-14247 128 12 who who PRON crl-14247 128 13 do do AUX crl-14247 128 14 not not PART crl-14247 128 15 wish wish VERB crl-14247 128 16 to to PART crl-14247 128 17 participate participate VERB crl-14247 128 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 128 19 a a DET crl-14247 128 20 more more ADV crl-14247 128 21 appropriate appropriate ADJ crl-14247 128 22 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 128 23 style style NOUN crl-14247 128 24 than than SCONJ crl-14247 128 25 mbo mbo PROPN crl-14247 128 26 is be AUX crl-14247 128 27 what what PRON crl-14247 128 28 behavioralists behavioralist NOUN crl-14247 128 29 call call VERB crl-14247 128 30 the the DET crl-14247 128 31 watcher watcher NOUN crl-14247 128 32 . . PUNCT crl-14247 129 1 this this PRON crl-14247 129 2 means mean VERB crl-14247 129 3 getting get VERB crl-14247 129 4 individual individual ADJ crl-14247 129 5 employees employee NOUN crl-14247 129 6 .to .to PUNCT crl-14247 129 7 perform perform VERB crl-14247 129 8 the the DET crl-14247 129 9 way way NOUN crl-14247 129 10 you you PRON crl-14247 129 11 want want VERB crl-14247 129 12 by by ADP crl-14247 129 13 reminding remind VERB crl-14247 129 14 them they PRON crl-14247 129 15 that that SCONJ crl-14247 129 16 you you PRON crl-14247 129 17 are be AUX crl-14247 129 18 overseeing oversee VERB crl-14247 129 19 the the DET crl-14247 129 20 situation situation NOUN crl-14247 129 21 . . PUNCT crl-14247 130 1 45 45 NUM crl-14247 130 2 interview interview NOUN crl-14247 130 3 . . PUNCT crl-14247 131 1 during during ADP crl-14247 131 2 the the DET crl-14247 131 3 appraisal appraisal ADJ crl-14247 131 4 interview interview NOUN crl-14247 131 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 131 6 the the DET crl-14247 131 7 supervisor supervisor NOUN crl-14247 131 8 and and CCONJ crl-14247 131 9 the the DET crl-14247 131 10 subordinate subordinate NOUN crl-14247 131 11 are be AUX crl-14247 131 12 generally generally ADV crl-14247 131 13 working work VERB crl-14247 131 14 at at ADP crl-14247 131 15 cross cross NOUN crl-14247 131 16 purposes purpose NOUN crl-14247 131 17 .. .. PUNCT crl-14247 131 18 supervisors supervisor NOUN crl-14247 131 19 have have VERB crl-14247 131 20 to to PART crl-14247 131 21 make make VERB crl-14247 131 22 judgments judgment NOUN crl-14247 131 23 affecting affect VERB crl-14247 131 24 the the DET crl-14247 131 25 subordinates subordinate NOUN crl-14247 131 26 ' ' PART crl-14247 131 27 careers career NOUN crl-14247 131 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 131 29 morale morale NOUN crl-14247 131 30 , , PUNCT crl-14247 131 31 and and CCONJ crl-14247 131 32 relative relative ADJ crl-14247 131 33 share share NOUN crl-14247 131 34 of of ADP crl-14247 131 35 rewards reward NOUN crl-14247 131 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 132 1 subordinates subordinate NOUN crl-14247 132 2 need need VERB crl-14247 132 3 to to PART crl-14247 132 4 verify verify VERB crl-14247 132 5 their their PRON crl-14247 132 6 self self NOUN crl-14247 132 7 - - PUNCT crl-14247 132 8 esteem esteem NOUN crl-14247 132 9 and and CCONJ crl-14247 132 10 also also ADV crl-14247 132 11 obtain obtain VERB crl-14247 132 12 enough enough ADJ crl-14247 132 13 rewards reward NOUN crl-14247 132 14 . . PUNCT crl-14247 133 1 such such ADJ crl-14247 133 2 conflicts conflict NOUN crl-14247 133 3 tend tend VERB crl-14247 133 4 to to PART crl-14247 133 5 generate generate VERB crl-14247 133 6 ambivalent ambivalent ADJ crl-14247 133 7 patterns pattern NOUN crl-14247 133 8 of of ADP crl-14247 133 9 avoidance avoidance NOUN crl-14247 133 10 and and CCONJ crl-14247 133 11 defensiveness defensiveness NOUN crl-14247 133 12 . . PUNCT crl-14247 134 1 4 4 NUM crl-14247 134 2 mutual mutual ADJ crl-14247 134 3 avoidance avoidance NOUN crl-14247 134 4 of of ADP crl-14247 134 5 the the DET crl-14247 134 6 risks risk NOUN crl-14247 134 7 of of ADP crl-14247 134 8 negative negative ADJ crl-14247 134 9 feedback feedback NOUN crl-14247 134 10 has have AUX crl-14247 134 11 given give VERB crl-14247 134 12 rise rise NOUN crl-14247 134 13 to to ADP crl-14247 134 14 a a DET crl-14247 134 15 process process NOUN crl-14247 134 16 called call VERB crl-14247 134 17 the the DET crl-14247 134 18 " " PUNCT crl-14247 134 19 vanishing vanish VERB crl-14247 134 20 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 134 21 , , PUNCT crl-14247 134 22 " " PUNCT crl-14247 134 23 in in ADP crl-14247 134 24 which which PRON crl-14247 134 25 both both DET crl-14247 134 26 parties party NOUN crl-14247 134 27 implicitly implicitly ADV crl-14247 134 28 collude collude VERB crl-14247 134 29 , , PUNCT crl-14247 134 30 in in ADP crl-14247 134 31 effect effect NOUN crl-14247 134 32 , , PUNCT crl-14247 134 33 to to PART crl-14247 134 34 keep keep VERB crl-14247 134 35 matters matter NOUN crl-14247 134 36 short short ADJ crl-14247 134 37 and and CCONJ crl-14247 134 38 sweet sweet ADJ crl-14247 134 39 . . PUNCT crl-14247 135 1 47 47 NUM crl-14247 135 2 defensiveness defensiveness ADJ crl-14247 135 3 springs spring NOUN crl-14247 135 4 from from ADP crl-14247 135 5 criticism criticism NOUN crl-14247 135 6 of of ADP crl-14247 135 7 any any DET crl-14247 135 8 sort sort NOUN crl-14247 135 9 . . PUNCT crl-14247 136 1 48 48 NUM crl-14247 136 2 to to PART crl-14247 136 3 be be AUX crl-14247 136 4 effective effective ADJ crl-14247 136 5 at at ADV crl-14247 136 6 all all ADV crl-14247 136 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 136 8 negative negative ADJ crl-14247 136 9 feedback feedback NOUN crl-14247 136 10 should should AUX crl-14247 136 11 focus focus VERB crl-14247 136 12 on on ADP crl-14247 136 13 specific specific ADJ crl-14247 136 14 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 136 15 changes change NOUN crl-14247 136 16 to to PART crl-14247 136 17 improve improve VERB crl-14247 136 18 job job NOUN crl-14247 136 19 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 136 20 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 136 21 but but CCONJ crl-14247 136 22 there there PRON crl-14247 136 23 is be VERB crl-14247 136 24 no no DET crl-14247 136 25 hard hard ADJ crl-14247 136 26 evidence evidence NOUN crl-14247 136 27 that that PRON crl-14247 136 28 wellintentioned wellintentione VERB crl-14247 136 29 " " PUNCT crl-14247 136 30 constructive constructive ADJ crl-14247 136 31 criticism criticism NOUN crl-14247 136 32 " " PUNCT crl-14247 136 33 actually actually ADV crl-14247 136 34 works work VERB crl-14247 136 35 . . PUNCT crl-14247 137 1 49 49 NUM crl-14247 137 2 research research NOUN crl-14247 137 3 in in ADP crl-14247 137 4 this this DET crl-14247 137 5 area area NOUN crl-14247 137 6 focuses focus VERB crl-14247 137 7 on on ADP crl-14247 137 8 the the DET crl-14247 137 9 relationship relationship NOUN crl-14247 137 10 between between ADP crl-14247 137 11 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 137 12 interview interview NOUN crl-14247 137 13 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14247 137 14 and and CCONJ crl-14247 137 15 subsequent subsequent ADJ crl-14247 137 16 job job NOUN crl-14247 137 17 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 137 18 . . PUNCT crl-14247 138 1 at at ADV crl-14247 138 2 least least ADV crl-14247 138 3 six six NUM crl-14247 138 4 major major ADJ crl-14247 138 5 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14247 138 6 of of ADP crl-14247 138 7 an an DET crl-14247 138 8 effective effective ADJ crl-14247 138 9 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 138 10 interview interview NOUN crl-14247 138 11 are be AUX crl-14247 138 12 well well ADV crl-14247 138 13 documented document VERB crl-14247 138 14 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 138 15 although although SCONJ crl-14247 138 16 it it PRON crl-14247 138 17 is be AUX crl-14247 138 18 unclear unclear ADJ crl-14247 138 19 whether whether SCONJ crl-14247 138 20 they they PRON crl-14247 138 21 are be AUX crl-14247 138 22 all all PRON crl-14247 138 23 conceptually conceptually ADV crl-14247 138 24 distinct distinct ADJ crl-14247 138 25 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 138 26 . . PUNCT crl-14247 139 1 these these PRON crl-14247 139 2 are be AUX crl-14247 139 3 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 139 4 1 1 X crl-14247 139 5 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 139 6 the the DET crl-14247 139 7 subordinate subordinate NOUN crl-14247 139 8 's 's PART crl-14247 139 9 prior prior ADJ crl-14247 139 10 preparation preparation NOUN crl-14247 139 11 for for ADP crl-14247 139 12 the the DET crl-14247 139 13 interview interview NOUN crl-14247 139 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 139 15 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 139 16 2 2 X crl-14247 139 17 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 139 18 his his PRON crl-14247 139 19 or or CCONJ crl-14247 139 20 her her PRON crl-14247 139 21 opportunity opportunity NOUN crl-14247 139 22 to to PART crl-14247 139 23 present present VERB crl-14247 139 24 ideas idea NOUN crl-14247 139 25 and and CCONJ crl-14247 139 26 feelings feeling NOUN crl-14247 139 27 , , PUNCT crl-14247 139 28 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 139 29 3 3 X crl-14247 139 30 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 139 31 the the DET crl-14247 139 32 degree degree NOUN crl-14247 139 33 of of ADP crl-14247 139 34 helpfulness helpfulness NOUN crl-14247 139 35 of of ADP crl-14247 139 36 the the DET crl-14247 139 37 supervisor supervisor NOUN crl-14247 139 38 , , PUNCT crl-14247 139 39 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 139 40 4 4 X crl-14247 139 41 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 139 42 the the DET crl-14247 139 43 extent extent NOUN crl-14247 139 44 to to PART crl-14247 139 45 which which PRON crl-14247 139 46 job job NOUN crl-14247 139 47 problems problem NOUN crl-14247 139 48 are be AUX crl-14247 139 49 cleared clear VERB crl-14247 139 50 up up ADP crl-14247 139 51 , , PUNCT crl-14247 139 52 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 139 53 5 5 X crl-14247 139 54 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 139 55 the the DET crl-14247 139 56 extent extent NOUN crl-14247 139 57 to to PART crl-14247 139 58 which which PRON crl-14247 139 59 goals goal NOUN crl-14247 139 60 are be AUX crl-14247 139 61 set set VERB crl-14247 139 62 , , PUNCT crl-14247 139 63 and and CCONJ crl-14247 139 64 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 139 65 6 6 NUM crl-14247 139 66 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 139 67 the the DET crl-14247 139 68 absence absence NOUN crl-14247 139 69 of of ADP crl-14247 139 70 threats threat NOUN crl-14247 139 71 . . PUNCT crl-14247 140 1 each each DET crl-14247 140 2 characteristic characteristic NOUN crl-14247 140 3 has have AUX crl-14247 140 4 been be AUX crl-14247 140 5 found find VERB crl-14247 140 6 to to PART crl-14247 140 7 be be AUX crl-14247 140 8 significantly significantly ADV crl-14247 140 9 related relate VERB crl-14247 140 10 to to ADP crl-14247 140 11 improvement improvement NOUN crl-14247 140 12 in in ADP crl-14247 140 13 later later ADJ crl-14247 140 14 job job NOUN crl-14247 140 15 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 140 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 140 17 as as ADV crl-14247 140 18 well well ADV crl-14247 140 19 as as ADP crl-14247 140 20 to to PART crl-14247 140 21 satisfaction satisfaction VERB crl-14247 140 22 with with ADP crl-14247 140 23 the the DET crl-14247 140 24 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 140 25 process process NOUN crl-14247 140 26 . . PUNCT crl-14247 141 1 50 50 NUM crl-14247 141 2 ii ii NOUN crl-14247 141 3 . . PUNCT crl-14247 142 1 the the DET crl-14247 142 2 minimal minimal ADJ crl-14247 142 3 approach approach NOUN crl-14247 142 4 the the DET crl-14247 142 5 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ crl-14247 142 6 organization organization NOUN crl-14247 142 7 faces face VERB crl-14247 142 8 a a DET crl-14247 142 9 special special ADJ crl-14247 142 10 dilemma dilemma NOUN crl-14247 142 11 in in ADP crl-14247 142 12 the the DET crl-14247 142 13 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 142 14 process process NOUN crl-14247 142 15 not not PART crl-14247 142 16 ordinarily ordinarily ADV crl-14247 142 17 found find VERB crl-14247 142 18 in in ADP crl-14247 142 19 the the DET crl-14247 142 20 business business NOUN crl-14247 142 21 or or CCONJ crl-14247 142 22 governmental governmental ADJ crl-14247 142 23 sectors sector NOUN crl-14247 142 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 143 1 the the DET crl-14247 143 2 area area NOUN crl-14247 143 3 of of ADP crl-14247 143 4 this this DET crl-14247 143 5 dilemma dilemma NOUN crl-14247 143 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 143 7 noted note VERB crl-14247 143 8 in in ADP crl-14247 143 9 a a DET crl-14247 143 10 national national ADJ crl-14247 143 11 survey survey NOUN crl-14247 143 12 of of ADP crl-14247 143 13 the the DET crl-14247 143 14 quality quality NOUN crl-14247 143 15 of of ADP crl-14247 143 16 employment employment NOUN crl-14247 143 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 143 18 51 51 NUM crl-14247 143 19 is be AUX crl-14247 143 20 located locate VERB crl-14247 143 21 between between ADP crl-14247 143 22 work work NOUN crl-14247 143 23 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14247 143 24 and and CCONJ crl-14247 143 25 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 143 26 climate climate NOUN crl-14247 143 27 . . PUNCT crl-14247 144 1 on on ADP crl-14247 144 2 the the DET crl-14247 144 3 one one NUM crl-14247 144 4 hand hand NOUN crl-14247 144 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 144 6 the the DET crl-14247 144 7 survey survey NOUN crl-14247 144 8 found find VERB crl-14247 144 9 that that SCONJ crl-14247 144 10 " " PUNCT crl-14247 144 11 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ crl-14247 144 12 employees employee NOUN crl-14247 144 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 144 14 less less ADV crl-14247 144 15 fettered fetter VERB crl-14247 144 16 by by ADP crl-14247 144 17 centralization centralization NOUN crl-14247 144 18 and and CCONJ crl-14247 144 19 control control NOUN crl-14247 144 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 144 21 have have VERB crl-14247 144 22 more more ADJ crl-14247 144 23 autonomy autonomy NOUN crl-14247 144 24 in in ADP crl-14247 144 25 doing do VERB crl-14247 144 26 their their PRON crl-14247 144 27 jobs job NOUN crl-14247 144 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 144 29 report report VERB crl-14247 144 30 more more ADJ crl-14247 144 31 variety variety NOUN crl-14247 144 32 and and CCONJ crl-14247 144 33 challenge challenge NOUN crl-14247 144 34 , , PUNCT crl-14247 144 35 and and CCONJ crl-14247 144 36 find find VERB crl-14247 144 37 that that SCONJ crl-14247 144 38 their their PRON crl-14247 144 39 education education NOUN crl-14247 144 40 is be AUX crl-14247 144 41 matched match VERB crl-14247 144 42 to to ADP crl-14247 144 43 their their PRON crl-14247 144 44 job job NOUN crl-14247 144 45 demands demand NOUN crl-14247 144 46 . . PUNCT crl-14247 144 47 " " PUNCT crl-14247 145 1 the the DET crl-14247 145 2 cost cost NOUN crl-14247 145 3 of of ADP crl-14247 145 4 such such ADJ crl-14247 145 5 job job NOUN crl-14247 145 6 autonomy autonomy NOUN crl-14247 145 7 and and CCONJ crl-14247 145 8 employee employee NOUN crl-14247 145 9 influence influence NOUN crl-14247 145 10 is be AUX crl-14247 145 11 lack lack NOUN crl-14247 145 12 of of ADP crl-14247 145 13 job job NOUN crl-14247 145 14 feedback feedback NOUN crl-14247 145 15 , , PUNCT crl-14247 145 16 whether whether SCONJ crl-14247 145 17 from from ADP crl-14247 145 18 the the DET crl-14247 145 19 work work NOUN crl-14247 145 20 itself itself PRON crl-14247 145 21 or or CCONJ crl-14247 145 22 from from ADP crl-14247 145 23 supervisors supervisor NOUN crl-14247 145 24 and and CCONJ crl-14247 145 25 peers peer NOUN crl-14247 145 26 . . PUNCT crl-14247 146 1 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 146 2 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 146 3 443 443 NUM crl-14247 146 4 on on ADP crl-14247 146 5 the the DET crl-14247 146 6 other other ADJ crl-14247 146 7 hand hand NOUN crl-14247 146 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 146 9 as as SCONJ crl-14247 146 10 the the DET crl-14247 146 11 survey survey NOUN crl-14247 146 12 also also ADV crl-14247 146 13 showed show VERB crl-14247 146 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 146 15 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ crl-14247 146 16 organizations organization NOUN crl-14247 146 17 generally generally ADV crl-14247 146 18 attempt attempt VERB crl-14247 146 19 to to PART crl-14247 146 20 draw draw VERB crl-14247 146 21 together together ADV crl-14247 146 22 their their PRON crl-14247 146 23 employees employee NOUN crl-14247 146 24 by by ADP crl-14247 146 25 democratic democratic ADJ crl-14247 146 26 arrangements arrangement NOUN crl-14247 146 27 , , PUNCT crl-14247 146 28 so so SCONJ crl-14247 146 29 that that SCONJ crl-14247 146 30 participation participation NOUN crl-14247 146 31 " " PUNCT crl-14247 146 32 may may AUX crl-14247 146 33 create create VERB crl-14247 146 34 a a DET crl-14247 146 35 greater great ADJ crl-14247 146 36 sense sense NOUN crl-14247 146 37 of of ADP crl-14247 146 38 commitment commitment NOUN crl-14247 146 39 and and CCONJ crl-14247 146 40 involvement involvement NOUN crl-14247 146 41 for for ADP crl-14247 146 42 employees employee NOUN crl-14247 146 43 and and CCONJ crl-14247 146 44 serve serve VERB crl-14247 146 45 to to PART crl-14247 146 46 clarify clarify VERB crl-14247 146 47 jobs job NOUN crl-14247 146 48 and and CCONJ crl-14247 146 49 soften soften VERB crl-14247 146 50 role role NOUN crl-14247 146 51 stresses stress NOUN crl-14247 146 52 . . PUNCT crl-14247 146 53 " " PUNCT crl-14247 147 1 the the DET crl-14247 147 2 survey survey NOUN crl-14247 147 3 concluded conclude VERB crl-14247 147 4 that that SCONJ crl-14247 147 5 efforts effort NOUN crl-14247 147 6 to to PART crl-14247 147 7 import import VERB crl-14247 147 8 more more ADV crl-14247 147 9 businesslike businesslike ADJ crl-14247 147 10 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 147 11 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 147 12 systems system NOUN crl-14247 147 13 into into ADP crl-14247 147 14 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ crl-14247 147 15 organizations organization NOUN crl-14247 147 16 for for ADP crl-14247 147 17 the the DET crl-14247 147 18 sake sake NOUN crl-14247 147 19 of of ADP crl-14247 147 20 job job NOUN crl-14247 147 21 feedback feedback NOUN crl-14247 147 22 could could AUX crl-14247 147 23 " " PUNCT crl-14247 147 24 centralize centralize VERB crl-14247 147 25 authority authority NOUN crl-14247 147 26 , , PUNCT crl-14247 147 27 limit limit NOUN crl-14247 147 28 flexibility flexibility NOUN crl-14247 147 29 , , PUNCT crl-14247 147 30 stifle stifle NOUN crl-14247 147 31 innovation innovation NOUN crl-14247 147 32 , , PUNCT crl-14247 147 33 and and CCONJ crl-14247 147 34 . . PUNCT crl-14247 147 35 . . PUNCT crl-14247 147 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 148 1 alienate alienate VERB crl-14247 148 2 employees employee NOUN crl-14247 148 3 not not PART crl-14247 148 4 only only ADV crl-14247 148 5 from from ADP crl-14247 148 6 their their PRON crl-14247 148 7 service service NOUN crl-14247 148 8 but but CCONJ crl-14247 148 9 also also ADV crl-14247 148 10 from from ADP crl-14247 148 11 their their PRON crl-14247 148 12 ideals ideal NOUN crl-14247 148 13 . . PUNCT crl-14247 148 14 " " PUNCT crl-14247 149 1 52 52 NUM crl-14247 149 2 this this DET crl-14247 149 3 argument argument NOUN crl-14247 149 4 parallels parallel VERB crl-14247 149 5 the the DET crl-14247 149 6 general general ADJ crl-14247 149 7 call call NOUN crl-14247 149 8 in in ADP crl-14247 149 9 some some DET crl-14247 149 10 quarters quarter NOUN crl-14247 149 11 to to PART crl-14247 149 12 make make VERB crl-14247 149 13 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 149 14 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 149 15 , , PUNCT crl-14247 149 16 as as ADP crl-14247 149 17 an an DET crl-14247 149 18 ethical ethical ADJ crl-14247 149 19 matter matter NOUN crl-14247 149 20 out out ADP crl-14247 149 21 of of ADP crl-14247 149 22 fairness fairness NOUN crl-14247 149 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 149 24 less less ADV crl-14247 149 25 ambitious ambitious ADJ crl-14247 149 26 and and CCONJ crl-14247 149 27 important important ADJ crl-14247 149 28 . . PUNCT crl-14247 150 1 53 53 NUM crl-14247 150 2 although although SCONJ crl-14247 150 3 no no DET crl-14247 150 4 " " PUNCT crl-14247 150 5 minimal minimal ADJ crl-14247 150 6 model model NOUN crl-14247 150 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 150 8 has have AUX crl-14247 150 9 been be AUX crl-14247 150 10 drafted draft VERB crl-14247 150 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 150 12 the the DET crl-14247 150 13 basic basic ADJ crl-14247 150 14 position position NOUN crl-14247 150 15 is be AUX crl-14247 150 16 that that SCONJ crl-14247 150 17 managers manager NOUN crl-14247 150 18 should should AUX crl-14247 150 19 only only ADV crl-14247 150 20 attempt attempt VERB crl-14247 150 21 to to PART crl-14247 150 22 identify identify VERB crl-14247 150 23 extremes extreme NOUN crl-14247 150 24 of of ADP crl-14247 150 25 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 150 26 and and CCONJ crl-14247 150 27 leave leave VERB crl-14247 150 28 salary salary NOUN crl-14247 150 29 administration administration NOUN crl-14247 150 30 to to ADP crl-14247 150 31 impersonal impersonal ADJ crl-14247 150 32 forces force NOUN crl-14247 150 33 , , PUNCT crl-14247 150 34 such such ADJ crl-14247 150 35 as as ADP crl-14247 150 36 the the DET crl-14247 150 37 seniority seniority NOUN crl-14247 150 38 system system NOUN crl-14247 150 39 . . PUNCT crl-14247 151 1 apart apart ADV crl-14247 151 2 from from ADP crl-14247 151 3 likely likely ADJ crl-14247 151 4 violation violation NOUN crl-14247 151 5 of of ADP crl-14247 151 6 legal legal ADJ crl-14247 151 7 ground ground NOUN crl-14247 151 8 rules rule NOUN crl-14247 151 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 151 10 there there PRON crl-14247 151 11 are be VERB crl-14247 151 12 two two NUM crl-14247 151 13 fundamental fundamental ADJ crl-14247 151 14 weaknesses weakness NOUN crl-14247 151 15 with with ADP crl-14247 151 16 the the DET crl-14247 151 17 minimal minimal ADJ crl-14247 151 18 approach approach NOUN crl-14247 151 19 . . PUNCT crl-14247 152 1 one one NUM crl-14247 152 2 is be AUX crl-14247 152 3 that that SCONJ crl-14247 152 4 the the DET crl-14247 152 5 large large ADJ crl-14247 152 6 area area NOUN crl-14247 152 7 of of ADP crl-14247 152 8 indeterminancy indeterminancy NOUN crl-14247 152 9 in in ADP crl-14247 152 10 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 152 11 is be AUX crl-14247 152 12 an an DET crl-14247 152 13 important important ADJ crl-14247 152 14 fiduciary fiduciary ADJ crl-14247 152 15 component component NOUN crl-14247 152 16 of of ADP crl-14247 152 17 the the DET crl-14247 152 18 supervisor supervisor NOUN crl-14247 152 19 's 's PART crl-14247 152 20 role role NOUN crl-14247 152 21 , , PUNCT crl-14247 152 22 not not PART crl-14247 152 23 an an DET crl-14247 152 24 excuse excuse NOUN crl-14247 152 25 to to PART crl-14247 152 26 skip skip VERB crl-14247 152 27 or or CCONJ crl-14247 152 28 minimize minimize VERB crl-14247 152 29 the the DET crl-14247 152 30 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 152 31 process process NOUN crl-14247 152 32 . . PUNCT crl-14247 153 1 on on ADP crl-14247 153 2 the the DET crl-14247 153 3 whole whole NOUN crl-14247 153 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 153 5 employees employee NOUN crl-14247 153 6 want want VERB crl-14247 153 7 valid valid ADJ crl-14247 153 8 job job NOUN crl-14247 153 9 feedback feedback NOUN crl-14247 153 10 . . PUNCT crl-14247 154 1 they they PRON crl-14247 154 2 may may AUX crl-14247 154 3 not not PART crl-14247 154 4 be be AUX crl-14247 154 5 looking look VERB crl-14247 154 6 for for ADP crl-14247 154 7 criticism criticism NOUN crl-14247 154 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 154 9 but but CCONJ crl-14247 154 10 they they PRON crl-14247 154 11 do do AUX crl-14247 154 12 not not PART crl-14247 154 13 want want VERB crl-14247 154 14 to to PART crl-14247 154 15 spend spend VERB crl-14247 154 16 their their PRON crl-14247 154 17 professional professional ADJ crl-14247 154 18 lives life NOUN crl-14247 154 19 uninformed uninformed ADJ crl-14247 154 20 about about ADP crl-14247 154 21 the the DET crl-14247 154 22 character character NOUN crl-14247 154 23 and and CCONJ crl-14247 154 24 results result NOUN crl-14247 154 25 of of ADP crl-14247 154 26 their their PRON crl-14247 154 27 work work NOUN crl-14247 154 28 . . PUNCT crl-14247 155 1 the the DET crl-14247 155 2 other other ADJ crl-14247 155 3 weakness weakness NOUN crl-14247 155 4 of of ADP crl-14247 155 5 the the DET crl-14247 155 6 minimal minimal ADJ crl-14247 155 7 approach approach NOUN crl-14247 155 8 is be AUX crl-14247 155 9 that that SCONJ crl-14247 155 10 it it PRON crl-14247 155 11 downplays downplay VERB crl-14247 155 12 the the DET crl-14247 155 13 need need NOUN crl-14247 155 14 for for ADP crl-14247 155 15 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 155 16 setting setting NOUN crl-14247 155 17 and and CCONJ crl-14247 155 18 job job NOUN crl-14247 155 19 feedback feedback NOUN crl-14247 155 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 155 21 and and CCONJ crl-14247 155 22 apparently apparently ADV crl-14247 155 23 ignores ignore VERB crl-14247 155 24 the the DET crl-14247 155 25 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 155 26 pygmalion pygmalion NOUN crl-14247 155 27 effect effect NOUN crl-14247 155 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 155 29 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 155 30 which which PRON crl-14247 155 31 has have AUX crl-14247 155 32 shown show VERB crl-14247 155 33 again again ADV crl-14247 155 34 and and CCONJ crl-14247 155 35 again again ADV crl-14247 155 36 that that SCONJ crl-14247 155 37 people people NOUN crl-14247 155 38 perform perform VERB crl-14247 155 39 best well ADV crl-14247 155 40 when when SCONJ crl-14247 155 41 they they PRON crl-14247 155 42 have have VERB crl-14247 155 43 high high ADJ crl-14247 155 44 supervisor supervisor NOUN crl-14247 155 45 expectations expectation NOUN crl-14247 155 46 , , PUNCT crl-14247 155 47 encouragement encouragement NOUN crl-14247 155 48 , , PUNCT crl-14247 155 49 and and CCONJ crl-14247 155 50 visual visual ADJ crl-14247 155 51 attention attention NOUN crl-14247 155 52 . . PUNCT crl-14247 156 1 iii iii PROPN crl-14247 156 2 . . PROPN crl-14247 156 3 heuristic heuristic PROPN crl-14247 156 4 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 156 5 the the DET crl-14247 156 6 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 156 7 side side NOUN crl-14247 156 8 of of ADP crl-14247 156 9 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 156 10 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 156 11 consists consist VERB crl-14247 156 12 of of ADP crl-14247 156 13 strategies strategy NOUN crl-14247 156 14 and and CCONJ crl-14247 156 15 rules rule NOUN crl-14247 156 16 of of ADP crl-14247 156 17 thumb thumb NOUN crl-14247 156 18 for for ADP crl-14247 156 19 deciding decide VERB crl-14247 156 20 which which PRON crl-14247 156 21 among among ADP crl-14247 156 22 several several ADJ crl-14247 156 23 alternative alternative ADJ crl-14247 156 24 courses course NOUN crl-14247 156 25 of of ADP crl-14247 156 26 action action NOUN crl-14247 156 27 promises promise VERB crl-14247 156 28 to to PART crl-14247 156 29 be be AUX crl-14247 156 30 the the DET crl-14247 156 31 most most ADV crl-14247 156 32 expedient expedient ADJ crl-14247 156 33 one one NUM crl-14247 156 34 . . PUNCT crl-14247 157 1 in in ADP crl-14247 157 2 the the DET crl-14247 157 3 mathematical mathematical ADJ crl-14247 157 4 and and CCONJ crl-14247 157 5 physical physical ADJ crl-14247 157 6 sciences science NOUN crl-14247 157 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 157 8 some some DET crl-14247 157 9 heu444 heu444 PROPN crl-14247 157 10 college college PROPN crl-14247 157 11 & & CCONJ crl-14247 157 12 research research PROPN crl-14247 157 13 libraries librarie VERB crl-14247 157 14 ristic ristic ADJ crl-14247 157 15 rules rule NOUN crl-14247 157 16 can can AUX crl-14247 157 17 leap leap VERB crl-14247 157 18 across across ADP crl-14247 157 19 logical logical ADJ crl-14247 157 20 gaps gap NOUN crl-14247 157 21 in in ADP crl-14247 157 22 problem problem NOUN crl-14247 157 23 solving solving NOUN crl-14247 157 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 158 1 however however ADV crl-14247 158 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 158 3 in in ADP crl-14247 158 4 immature immature ADJ crl-14247 158 5 or or CCONJ crl-14247 158 6 ineffective ineffective ADJ crl-14247 158 7 fields field NOUN crl-14247 158 8 such such ADJ crl-14247 158 9 as as ADP crl-14247 158 10 social social ADJ crl-14247 158 11 sciences science NOUN crl-14247 158 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 158 13 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 158 14 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 158 15 consists consist VERB crl-14247 158 16 of of ADP crl-14247 158 17 intuitive intuitive ADJ crl-14247 158 18 generalities generality NOUN crl-14247 158 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 158 20 or or CCONJ crl-14247 158 21 aphorisms aphorism NOUN crl-14247 158 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 158 23 which which PRON crl-14247 158 24 have have VERB crl-14247 158 25 neither neither CCONJ crl-14247 158 26 the the DET crl-14247 158 27 objectivity objectivity NOUN crl-14247 158 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 158 29 nor nor CCONJ crl-14247 158 30 the the DET crl-14247 158 31 permanence permanence NOUN crl-14247 158 32 of of ADP crl-14247 158 33 an an DET crl-14247 158 34 impersonal impersonal ADJ crl-14247 158 35 law law NOUN crl-14247 158 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 159 1 the the DET crl-14247 159 2 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 159 3 potential potential NOUN crl-14247 159 4 of of ADP crl-14247 159 5 any any DET crl-14247 159 6 field field NOUN crl-14247 159 7 depends depend VERB crl-14247 159 8 on on ADP crl-14247 159 9 whether whether SCONJ crl-14247 159 10 the the DET crl-14247 159 11 important important ADJ crl-14247 159 12 problems problem NOUN crl-14247 159 13 in in ADP crl-14247 159 14 that that DET crl-14247 159 15 field field NOUN crl-14247 159 16 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 159 17 can can AUX crl-14247 159 18 be be AUX crl-14247 159 19 effectively effectively ADV crl-14247 159 20 solved solve VERB crl-14247 159 21 to to PART crl-14247 159 22 yield yield VERB crl-14247 159 23 some some DET crl-14247 159 24 sort sort NOUN crl-14247 159 25 of of ADP crl-14247 159 26 genuine genuine ADJ crl-14247 159 27 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 159 28 . . PUNCT crl-14247 159 29 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 160 1 54 54 NUM crl-14247 160 2 study study NOUN crl-14247 160 3 of of ADP crl-14247 160 4 the the DET crl-14247 160 5 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 160 6 process process NOUN crl-14247 160 7 is be AUX crl-14247 160 8 a a DET crl-14247 160 9 venture venture NOUN crl-14247 160 10 into into ADP crl-14247 160 11 tremendously tremendously ADV crl-14247 160 12 complicated complicated ADJ crl-14247 160 13 problems problem NOUN crl-14247 160 14 of of ADP crl-14247 160 15 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 160 16 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 160 17 . . PUNCT crl-14247 161 1 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 161 2 includes include VERB crl-14247 161 3 not not PART crl-14247 161 4 only only ADV crl-14247 161 5 overt overt ADJ crl-14247 161 6 acts act NOUN crl-14247 161 7 but but CCONJ crl-14247 161 8 also also ADV crl-14247 161 9 subjective subjective ADJ crl-14247 161 10 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 161 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 161 12 such such ADJ crl-14247 161 13 as as ADP crl-14247 161 14 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-14247 161 15 , , PUNCT crl-14247 161 16 beliefs belief NOUN crl-14247 161 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 161 18 motivations motivation NOUN crl-14247 161 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 161 20 and and CCONJ crl-14247 161 21 desires desire NOUN crl-14247 161 22 . . PUNCT crl-14247 162 1 no no DET crl-14247 162 2 significant significant ADJ crl-14247 162 3 empirical empirical ADJ crl-14247 162 4 or or CCONJ crl-14247 162 5 theoretical theoretical ADJ crl-14247 162 6 progress progress NOUN crl-14247 162 7 has have AUX crl-14247 162 8 been be AUX crl-14247 162 9 made make VERB crl-14247 162 10 in in ADP crl-14247 162 11 this this DET crl-14247 162 12 field field NOUN crl-14247 162 13 for for ADP crl-14247 162 14 a a DET crl-14247 162 15 long long ADJ crl-14247 162 16 time time NOUN crl-14247 162 17 . . PUNCT crl-14247 163 1 a a DET crl-14247 163 2 major major ADJ crl-14247 163 3 review review NOUN crl-14247 163 4 of of ADP crl-14247 163 5 the the DET crl-14247 163 6 1970s 1970 NOUN crl-14247 163 7 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 163 8 had have VERB crl-14247 163 9 little little ADJ crl-14247 163 10 positive positive ADJ crl-14247 163 11 to to PART crl-14247 163 12 report report VERB crl-14247 163 13 on on ADP crl-14247 163 14 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 163 15 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 163 16 : : PUNCT crl-14247 163 17 " " PUNCT crl-14247 163 18 research research NOUN crl-14247 163 19 convincingly convincingly ADV crl-14247 163 20 showed show VERB crl-14247 163 21 that that DET crl-14247 163 22 instrumentation instrumentation NOUN crl-14247 163 23 [ [ X crl-14247 163 24 i.e. i.e. X crl-14247 163 25 a a DET crl-14247 163 26 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 163 27 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 163 28 scale scale NOUN crl-14247 163 29 ] ] PUNCT crl-14247 163 30 has have VERB crl-14247 163 31 minimal minimal ADJ crl-14247 163 32 impacts impact NOUN crl-14247 163 33 on on ADP crl-14247 163 34 psychometric psychometric ADJ crl-14247 163 35 errors error NOUN crl-14247 163 36 , , PUNCT crl-14247 163 37 but but CCONJ crl-14247 163 38 that that DET crl-14247 163 39 conclusion conclusion NOUN crl-14247 163 40 was be AUX crl-14247 163 41 pretty pretty ADV crl-14247 163 42 well well ADV crl-14247 163 43 established establish VERB crl-14247 163 44 before before ADV crl-14247 163 45 . . PUNCT crl-14247 164 1 " " PUNCT crl-14247 165 1 55 55 NUM crl-14247 165 2 a a DET crl-14247 165 3 more more ADV crl-14247 165 4 current current ADJ crl-14247 165 5 assessment assessment NOUN crl-14247 165 6 of of ADP crl-14247 165 7 research research NOUN crl-14247 165 8 work work NOUN crl-14247 165 9 in in ADP crl-14247 165 10 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 165 11 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 165 12 concluded conclude VERB crl-14247 165 13 that that SCONJ crl-14247 165 14 " " PUNCT crl-14247 165 15 the the DET crl-14247 165 16 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 165 17 / / SYM crl-14247 165 18 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 165 19 gap gap NOUN crl-14247 165 20 will will AUX crl-14247 165 21 close close VERB crl-14247 165 22 by by ADP crl-14247 165 23 a a DET crl-14247 165 24 decrease decrease NOUN crl-14247 165 25 in in ADP crl-14247 165 26 the the DET crl-14247 165 27 relevance relevance NOUN crl-14247 165 28 of of ADP crl-14247 165 29 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 165 30 , , PUNCT crl-14247 165 31 not not PART crl-14247 165 32 by by ADP crl-14247 165 33 an an DET crl-14247 165 34 increase increase NOUN crl-14247 165 35 in in ADP crl-14247 165 36 the the DET crl-14247 165 37 quality quality NOUN crl-14247 165 38 of of ADP crl-14247 165 39 the the DET crl-14247 165 40 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 165 41 . . PUNCT crl-14247 165 42 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 166 1 56 56 NUM crl-14247 166 2 about about ADP crl-14247 166 3 the the DET crl-14247 166 4 only only ADJ crl-14247 166 5 strong strong ADJ crl-14247 166 6 consensus consensus NOUN crl-14247 166 7 with with ADP crl-14247 166 8 empirical empirical ADJ crl-14247 166 9 support support NOUN crl-14247 166 10 in in ADP crl-14247 166 11 the the DET crl-14247 166 12 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 166 13 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 166 14 on on ADP crl-14247 166 15 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 166 16 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 166 17 deals deal NOUN crl-14247 166 18 with with ADP crl-14247 166 19 the the DET crl-14247 166 20 fundamental fundamental ADJ crl-14247 166 21 importance importance NOUN crl-14247 166 22 of of ADP crl-14247 166 23 setting set VERB crl-14247 166 24 goals goal NOUN crl-14247 166 25 and and CCONJ crl-14247 166 26 giving give VERB crl-14247 166 27 feedback feedback NOUN crl-14247 166 28 . . PUNCT crl-14247 167 1 together together ADV crl-14247 167 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 167 3 these these PRON crl-14247 167 4 are be AUX crl-14247 167 5 not not PART crl-14247 167 6 only only ADV crl-14247 167 7 more more ADV crl-14247 167 8 effective effective ADJ crl-14247 167 9 than than ADP crl-14247 167 10 alternative alternative ADJ crl-14247 167 11 methods method NOUN crl-14247 167 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 167 13 such such ADJ crl-14247 167 14 as as ADP crl-14247 167 15 participatory participatory ADJ crl-14247 167 16 decision decision NOUN crl-14247 167 17 making making NOUN crl-14247 167 18 or or CCONJ crl-14247 167 19 job job NOUN crl-14247 167 20 enrichment enrichment NOUN crl-14247 167 21 , , PUNCT crl-14247 167 22 but but CCONJ crl-14247 167 23 may may AUX crl-14247 167 24 also also ADV crl-14247 167 25 be be AUX crl-14247 167 26 the the DET crl-14247 167 27 major major ADJ crl-14247 167 28 mechanisms mechanism NOUN crl-14247 167 29 by by ADP crl-14247 167 30 which which PRON crl-14247 167 31 these these DET crl-14247 167 32 other other ADJ crl-14247 167 33 incentives incentive NOUN crl-14247 167 34 affect affect VERB crl-14247 167 35 motivation motivation NOUN crl-14247 167 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 168 1 even even ADV crl-14247 168 2 money money NOUN crl-14247 168 3 is be AUX crl-14247 168 4 a a DET crl-14247 168 5 more more ADV crl-14247 168 6 effective effective ADJ crl-14247 168 7 motivator motivator NOUN crl-14247 168 8 when when SCONJ crl-14247 168 9 bonuses bonus NOUN crl-14247 168 10 are be AUX crl-14247 168 11 made make VERB crl-14247 168 12 contingent contingent ADJ crl-14247 168 13 on on ADP crl-14247 168 14 the the DET crl-14247 168 15 attainment attainment NOUN crl-14247 168 16 of of ADP crl-14247 168 17 specific specific ADJ crl-14247 168 18 objectives.57 objectives.57 PROPN crl-14247 168 19 but but CCONJ crl-14247 168 20 on on ADP crl-14247 168 21 issues issue NOUN crl-14247 168 22 of of ADP crl-14247 168 23 technique technique NOUN crl-14247 168 24 having have VERB crl-14247 168 25 a a DET crl-14247 168 26 direct direct ADJ crl-14247 168 27 bearing bearing NOUN crl-14247 168 28 on on ADP crl-14247 168 29 how how SCONJ crl-14247 168 30 to to PART crl-14247 168 31 set set VERB crl-14247 168 32 goals goal NOUN crl-14247 168 33 and and CCONJ crl-14247 168 34 give give VERB crl-14247 168 35 feedback feedback NOUN crl-14247 168 36 - - PUNCT crl-14247 168 37 for for ADP crl-14247 168 38 example example NOUN crl-14247 168 39 , , PUNCT crl-14247 168 40 the the DET crl-14247 168 41 relative relative ADJ crl-14247 168 42 merit merit NOUN crl-14247 168 43 of of ADP crl-14247 168 44 assigned assign VERB crl-14247 168 45 versus versus ADP crl-14247 168 46 participatory participatory ADJ crl-14247 168 47 goals goal NOUN crl-14247 168 48 , , PUNCT crl-14247 168 49 or or CCONJ crl-14247 168 50 of of ADP crl-14247 168 51 intrinsic intrinsic ADJ crl-14247 168 52 versus versus ADP crl-14247 168 53 extrinsic extrinsic ADJ crl-14247 168 54 rewards reward NOUN crl-14247 168 55 , , PUNCT crl-14247 168 56 or or CCONJ crl-14247 168 57 of of ADP crl-14247 168 58 weekly weekly ADJ crl-14247 168 59 versus versus ADP crl-14247 168 60 annual annual ADJ crl-14247 168 61 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 168 62 sessions-theo.rists sessions-theo.rist NOUN crl-14247 168 63 plainly plainly ADV crl-14247 168 64 disagree disagree VERB crl-14247 168 65 . . PUNCT crl-14247 169 1 september september PROPN crl-14247 169 2 1986 1986 NUM crl-14247 169 3 the the DET crl-14247 169 4 potential potential ADJ crl-14247 169 5 development development NOUN crl-14247 169 6 of of ADP crl-14247 169 7 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 169 8 rules rule NOUN crl-14247 169 9 about about ADP crl-14247 169 10 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 169 11 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 169 12 is be AUX crl-14247 169 13 undermined undermine VERB crl-14247 169 14 not not PART crl-14247 169 15 only only ADV crl-14247 169 16 by by ADP crl-14247 169 17 the the DET crl-14247 169 18 contemporary contemporary ADJ crl-14247 169 19 scarcity scarcity NOUN crl-14247 169 20 of of ADP crl-14247 169 21 empirical empirical ADJ crl-14247 169 22 generalizations generalization NOUN crl-14247 169 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 169 24 but but CCONJ crl-14247 169 25 also also ADV crl-14247 169 26 by by ADP crl-14247 169 27 two two NUM crl-14247 169 28 chronic chronic ADJ crl-14247 169 29 limitations limitation NOUN crl-14247 169 30 : : PUNCT crl-14247 169 31 the the DET crl-14247 169 32 valuing valuing NOUN crl-14247 169 33 aspects aspect NOUN crl-14247 169 34 of of ADP crl-14247 169 35 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 169 36 , , PUNCT crl-14247 169 37 and and CCONJ crl-14247 169 38 common common ADJ crl-14247 169 39 sense sense NOUN crl-14247 169 40 . . PUNCT crl-14247 170 1 in in ADP crl-14247 170 2 moving move VERB crl-14247 170 3 along along ADP crl-14247 170 4 a a DET crl-14247 170 5 continuum continuum NOUN crl-14247 170 6 from from ADP crl-14247 170 7 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 170 8 - - PUNCT crl-14247 170 9 based base VERB crl-14247 170 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 170 11 mechanistic mechanistic ADJ crl-14247 170 12 tasks task NOUN crl-14247 170 13 to to ADP crl-14247 170 14 those those PRON crl-14247 170 15 that that PRON crl-14247 170 16 are be AUX crl-14247 170 17 judgment judgment NOUN crl-14247 170 18 based base VERB crl-14247 170 19 and and CCONJ crl-14247 170 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 170 21 hence hence ADV crl-14247 170 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 170 23 organic organic ADJ crl-14247 170 24 in in ADP crl-14247 170 25 structure structure NOUN crl-14247 170 26 , , PUNCT crl-14247 170 27 the the DET crl-14247 170 28 valuing valuing NOUN crl-14247 170 29 aspect aspect NOUN crl-14247 170 30 of of ADP crl-14247 170 31 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 170 32 becomes become VERB crl-14247 170 33 increasingly increasingly ADV crl-14247 170 34 salient salient ADJ crl-14247 170 35 . . PUNCT crl-14247 171 1 even even ADV crl-14247 171 2 for for ADP crl-14247 171 3 moderately moderately ADV crl-14247 171 4 uncertain uncertain ADJ crl-14247 171 5 tasks task NOUN crl-14247 171 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 171 7 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 171 8 articulation articulation NOUN crl-14247 171 9 of of ADP crl-14247 171 10 a a DET crl-14247 171 11 mutually mutually ADV crl-14247 171 12 agreeable agreeable ADJ crl-14247 171 13 standard standard NOUN crl-14247 171 14 of of ADP crl-14247 171 15 measurement measurement NOUN crl-14247 171 16 is be AUX crl-14247 171 17 normally normally ADV crl-14247 171 18 not not PART crl-14247 171 19 possible possible ADJ crl-14247 171 20 . . PUNCT crl-14247 171 21 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 172 1 58 58 NUM crl-14247 172 2 a a DET crl-14247 172 3 series series NOUN crl-14247 172 4 of of ADP crl-14247 172 5 studies study NOUN crl-14247 172 6 on on ADP crl-14247 172 7 this this DET crl-14247 172 8 shift shift NOUN crl-14247 172 9 from from ADP crl-14247 172 10 measurement measurement NOUN crl-14247 172 11 to to ADP crl-14247 172 12 valuing value VERB crl-14247 172 13 as as SCONJ crl-14247 172 14 appraisal appraisal ADJ crl-14247 172 15 uncertainty uncertainty NOUN crl-14247 172 16 increases increase NOUN crl-14247 172 17 demonstrated demonstrate VERB crl-14247 172 18 that that SCONJ crl-14247 172 19 value value NOUN crl-14247 172 20 is be AUX crl-14247 172 21 likely likely ADJ crl-14247 172 22 to to PART crl-14247 172 23 be be AUX crl-14247 172 24 assigned assign VERB crl-14247 172 25 on on ADP crl-14247 172 26 the the DET crl-14247 172 27 basis basis NOUN crl-14247 172 28 of of ADP crl-14247 172 29 " " PUNCT crl-14247 172 30 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 172 31 factors factor NOUN crl-14247 172 32 of of ADP crl-14247 172 33 relevance relevance NOUN crl-14247 172 34 , , PUNCT crl-14247 172 35 " " PUNCT crl-14247 172 36 and and CCONJ crl-14247 172 37 concluded conclude VERB crl-14247 172 38 that that SCONJ crl-14247 172 39 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 172 40 judgments judgment NOUN crl-14247 172 41 should should AUX crl-14247 172 42 be be AUX crl-14247 172 43 regarded regard VERB crl-14247 172 44 as as ADP crl-14247 172 45 " " PUNCT crl-14247 172 46 critical critical ADJ crl-14247 172 47 and and CCONJ crl-14247 172 48 legitimate legitimate ADJ crl-14247 172 49 concerns concern NOUN crl-14247 172 50 " " PUNCT crl-14247 172 51 in in ADP crl-14247 172 52 those those DET crl-14247 172 53 situations situation NOUN crl-14247 172 54 " " PUNCT crl-14247 172 55 where where SCONJ crl-14247 172 56 controversy controversy NOUN crl-14247 172 57 and and CCONJ crl-14247 172 58 interest interest NOUN crl-14247 172 59 are be AUX crl-14247 172 60 joined join VERB crl-14247 172 61 . . PUNCT crl-14247 172 62 " " PUNCT crl-14247 173 1 59 59 NUM crl-14247 173 2 as as ADP crl-14247 173 3 a a DET crl-14247 173 4 general general ADJ crl-14247 173 5 surmise surmise NOUN crl-14247 173 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 173 7 common common ADJ crl-14247 173 8 sense sense NOUN crl-14247 173 9 is be AUX crl-14247 173 10 not not PART crl-14247 173 11 an an DET crl-14247 173 12 infallible infallible ADJ crl-14247 173 13 guide guide NOUN crl-14247 173 14 to to PART crl-14247 173 15 performance performance VERB crl-14247 173 16 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 173 17 . . PUNCT crl-14247 174 1 herbert herbert PROPN crl-14247 174 2 white60 white60 PROPN crl-14247 174 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 174 4 richard richard PROPN crl-14247 174 5 de de PROPN crl-14247 174 6 gennaro gennaro PROPN crl-14247 174 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 174 8 61 61 NUM crl-14247 174 9 among among ADP crl-14247 174 10 other other ADJ crl-14247 174 11 writers writer NOUN crl-14247 174 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 174 13 rightly rightly ADV crl-14247 174 14 argue argue VERB crl-14247 174 15 for for ADP crl-14247 174 16 the the DET crl-14247 174 17 value value NOUN crl-14247 174 18 of of ADP crl-14247 174 19 experience experience NOUN crl-14247 174 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 174 21 the the DET crl-14247 174 22 proper proper ADJ crl-14247 174 23 attitude attitude NOUN crl-14247 174 24 , , PUNCT crl-14247 174 25 and and CCONJ crl-14247 174 26 intelligence intelligence NOUN crl-14247 174 27 in in ADP crl-14247 174 28 library library NOUN crl-14247 174 29 management management NOUN crl-14247 174 30 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 174 31 but but CCONJ crl-14247 174 32 peter peter PROPN crl-14247 174 33 drucker drucker PROPN crl-14247 174 34 singles single VERB crl-14247 174 35 out out ADP crl-14247 174 36 two two NUM crl-14247 174 37 areas area NOUN crl-14247 174 38 in in ADP crl-14247 174 39 which which PRON crl-14247 174 40 such such ADJ crl-14247 174 41 tacit tacit ADJ crl-14247 174 42 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 174 43 is be AUX crl-14247 174 44 not not PART crl-14247 174 45 enough enough ADJ crl-14247 174 46 . . PUNCT crl-14247 175 1 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 175 2 one one NUM crl-14247 175 3 is be AUX crl-14247 175 4 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 175 5 decisions decision NOUN crl-14247 175 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 175 7 the the DET crl-14247 175 8 other other ADJ crl-14247 175 9 is be AUX crl-14247 175 10 marketing market VERB crl-14247 175 11 . . PUNCT crl-14247 175 12 " " PUNCT crl-14247 176 1 62 62 NUM crl-14247 176 2 drucker drucker NOUN crl-14247 176 3 's 's PART crl-14247 176 4 statement statement NOUN crl-14247 176 5 can can AUX crl-14247 176 6 not not PART crl-14247 176 7 be be AUX crl-14247 176 8 " " PUNCT crl-14247 176 9 proved prove VERB crl-14247 176 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 176 11 " " PUNCT crl-14247 176 12 but but CCONJ crl-14247 176 13 there there PRON crl-14247 176 14 is be VERB crl-14247 176 15 supportive supportive ADJ crl-14247 176 16 research research NOUN crl-14247 176 17 on on ADP crl-14247 176 18 the the DET crl-14247 176 19 nature nature NOUN crl-14247 176 20 of of ADP crl-14247 176 21 tacit tacit ADJ crl-14247 176 22 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 176 23 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 176 24 discussed discuss VERB crl-14247 176 25 below below ADV crl-14247 176 26 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 176 27 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 176 28 and and CCONJ crl-14247 176 29 an an DET crl-14247 176 30 old old ADJ crl-14247 176 31 but but CCONJ crl-14247 176 32 unchallenged unchallenged ADJ crl-14247 176 33 review review NOUN crl-14247 176 34 of of ADP crl-14247 176 35 the the DET crl-14247 176 36 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 176 37 concluded conclude VERB crl-14247 176 38 that that SCONJ crl-14247 176 39 the the DET crl-14247 176 40 inability inability NOUN crl-14247 176 41 to to PART crl-14247 176 42 judge judge VERB crl-14247 176 43 the the DET crl-14247 176 44 work work NOUN crl-14247 176 45 traits trait NOUN crl-14247 176 46 and and CCONJ crl-14247 176 47 aptitudes aptitude NOUN crl-14247 176 48 of of ADP crl-14247 176 49 others other NOUN crl-14247 176 50 is be AUX crl-14247 176 51 itself itself PRON crl-14247 176 52 a a DET crl-14247 176 53 personality personality NOUN crl-14247 176 54 trait trait VERB crl-14247 176 55 . . PUNCT crl-14247 177 1 63 63 NUM crl-14247 177 2 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 177 3 study study NOUN crl-14247 177 4 of of ADP crl-14247 177 5 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 177 6 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 177 7 is be AUX crl-14247 177 8 not not PART crl-14247 177 9 simply simply ADV crl-14247 177 10 stalled stall VERB crl-14247 177 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 177 12 nor nor CCONJ crl-14247 177 13 its its PRON crl-14247 177 14 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 177 15 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 177 16 merely merely ADV crl-14247 177 17 ineffective ineffective ADJ crl-14247 177 18 . . PUNCT crl-14247 178 1 given give VERB crl-14247 178 2 both both CCONJ crl-14247 178 3 a a DET crl-14247 178 4 lack lack NOUN crl-14247 178 5 of of ADP crl-14247 178 6 empirical empirical ADJ crl-14247 178 7 generalizations generalization NOUN crl-14247 178 8 and and CCONJ crl-14247 178 9 a a DET crl-14247 178 10 propensity propensity NOUN crl-14247 178 11 for for ADP crl-14247 178 12 subjective subjective ADJ crl-14247 178 13 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-14247 178 14 and and CCONJ crl-14247 178 15 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 178 16 feelings feeling NOUN crl-14247 178 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 178 18 the the DET crl-14247 178 19 prevailing prevail VERB crl-14247 178 20 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 178 21 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 178 22 resembles resemble VERB crl-14247 178 23 a a DET crl-14247 178 24 folk folk NOUN crl-14247 178 25 - - PUNCT crl-14247 178 26 science science NOUN crl-14247 178 27 . . PUNCT crl-14247 179 1 this this PRON crl-14247 179 2 is be AUX crl-14247 179 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 179 4 a a DET crl-14247 179 5 body body NOUN crl-14247 179 6 of of ADP crl-14247 179 7 accepted accept VERB crl-14247 179 8 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 179 9 whose whose DET crl-14247 179 10 function function NOUN crl-14247 179 11 is be AUX crl-14247 179 12 not not PART crl-14247 179 13 to to PART crl-14247 179 14 provide provide VERB crl-14247 179 15 the the DET crl-14247 179 16 basis basis NOUN crl-14247 179 17 for for ADP crl-14247 179 18 further further ADJ crl-14247 179 19 advance advance NOUN crl-14247 179 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 179 21 but but CCONJ crl-14247 179 22 to to PART crl-14247 179 23 offer offer VERB crl-14247 179 24 comfort comfort NOUN crl-14247 179 25 and and CCONJ crl-14247 179 26 reassurance reassurance NOUN crl-14247 179 27 to to ADP crl-14247 179 28 some some DET crl-14247 179 29 body body NOUN crl-14247 179 30 of of ADP crl-14247 179 31 believers believer NOUN crl-14247 179 32 . . PUNCT crl-14247 180 1 ''64 ''64 PROPN crl-14247 180 2 · · PUNCT crl-14247 180 3 iv iv X crl-14247 180 4 . . PUNCT crl-14247 181 1 in in ADP crl-14247 181 2 - - PUNCT crl-14247 181 3 house house NOUN crl-14247 181 4 experimentation experimentation NOUN crl-14247 181 5 broadly broadly ADV crl-14247 181 6 defined define VERB crl-14247 181 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 181 8 the the DET crl-14247 181 9 in in ADP crl-14247 181 10 - - PUNCT crl-14247 181 11 house house NOUN crl-14247 181 12 experiment experiment NOUN crl-14247 181 13 is be AUX crl-14247 181 14 a a DET crl-14247 181 15 nonrandom nonrandom ADJ crl-14247 181 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 181 17 quasi quasi ADJ crl-14247 181 18 - - ADJ crl-14247 181 19 empirical empirical ADJ crl-14247 181 20 plan plan NOUN crl-14247 181 21 " " PUNCT crl-14247 181 22 to to PART crl-14247 181 23 generate generate VERB crl-14247 181 24 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 181 25 about about ADP crl-14247 181 26 human human ADJ crl-14247 181 27 oj oj NOUN crl-14247 181 28 > > PROPN crl-14247 181 29 tions tion NOUN crl-14247 181 30 that that PRON crl-14247 181 31 go go VERB crl-14247 181 32 beyond beyond ADP crl-14247 181 33 the the DET crl-14247 181 34 status status NOUN crl-14247 181 35 quo quo NOUN crl-14247 181 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 181 37 " " PUNCT crl-14247 182 1 its its PRON crl-14247 182 2 nonrandom nonrandom ADJ crl-14247 182 3 character character NOUN crl-14247 182 4 derives derive VERB crl-14247 182 5 from from ADP crl-14247 182 6 the the DET crl-14247 182 7 self self NOUN crl-14247 182 8 - - PUNCT crl-14247 182 9 selected select VERB crl-14247 182 10 population population NOUN crl-14247 182 11 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 182 12 of of ADP crl-14247 182 13 participants participant NOUN crl-14247 182 14 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 182 15 . . PUNCT crl-14247 183 1 its its PRON crl-14247 183 2 quasi quasi ADJ crl-14247 183 3 - - ADJ crl-14247 183 4 empirical empirical ADJ crl-14247 183 5 character character NOUN crl-14247 183 6 involves involve VERB crl-14247 183 7 a a DET crl-14247 183 8 shift shift NOUN crl-14247 183 9 from from ADP crl-14247 183 10 positivist positivist ADJ crl-14247 183 11 logic logic NOUN crl-14247 183 12 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 183 13 normal normal ADJ crl-14247 183 14 science science NOUN crl-14247 183 15 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 183 16 to to PART crl-14247 183 17 tacit tacit VERB crl-14247 183 18 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 183 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 183 20 which which PRON crl-14247 183 21 is be AUX crl-14247 183 22 partial partial ADJ crl-14247 183 23 and and CCONJ crl-14247 183 24 subjective subjective ADJ crl-14247 183 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 184 1 to to PART crl-14247 184 2 generate generate VERB crl-14247 184 3 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 184 4 is be AUX crl-14247 184 5 not not PART crl-14247 184 6 simply simply ADV crl-14247 184 7 to to PART crl-14247 184 8 make make VERB crl-14247 184 9 an an DET crl-14247 184 10 inquiry inquiry NOUN crl-14247 184 11 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 184 12 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 184 13 is be AUX crl-14247 184 14 the the DET crl-14247 184 15 capacity capacity NOUN crl-14247 184 16 to to PART crl-14247 184 17 detect detect VERB crl-14247 184 18 and and CCONJ crl-14247 184 19 deal deal VERB crl-14247 184 20 with with ADP crl-14247 184 21 error error NOUN crl-14247 184 22 . . PUNCT crl-14247 185 1 finally finally ADV crl-14247 185 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 185 3 human human ADJ crl-14247 185 4 options option NOUN crl-14247 185 5 can can AUX crl-14247 185 6 apply apply VERB crl-14247 185 7 to to ADP crl-14247 185 8 various various ADJ crl-14247 185 9 aspects aspect NOUN crl-14247 185 10 of of ADP crl-14247 185 11 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 185 12 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 185 13 : : PUNCT crl-14247 185 14 work work NOUN crl-14247 185 15 motivation motivation NOUN crl-14247 185 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 185 17 staff staff NOUN crl-14247 185 18 productivity productivity NOUN crl-14247 185 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 185 20 job job NOUN crl-14247 185 21 enrichment enrichment NOUN crl-14247 185 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 185 23 and and CCONJ crl-14247 185 24 participatory participatory ADJ crl-14247 185 25 management management NOUN crl-14247 185 26 , , PUNCT crl-14247 185 27 as as ADV crl-14247 185 28 well well ADV crl-14247 185 29 as as ADP crl-14247 185 30 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 185 31 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 185 32 . . PUNCT crl-14247 186 1 any any DET crl-14247 186 2 stricter strict ADJ crl-14247 186 3 definition definition NOUN crl-14247 186 4 of of ADP crl-14247 186 5 the the DET crl-14247 186 6 in in ADP crl-14247 186 7 - - PUNCT crl-14247 186 8 house house NOUN crl-14247 186 9 experiment experiment NOUN crl-14247 186 10 would would AUX crl-14247 186 11 be be AUX crl-14247 186 12 arbitrary arbitrary ADJ crl-14247 186 13 . . PUNCT crl-14247 187 1 the the DET crl-14247 187 2 philosophical philosophical ADJ crl-14247 187 3 pluralism pluralism NOUN crl-14247 187 4 now now ADV crl-14247 187 5 current current ADJ crl-14247 187 6 in in ADP crl-14247 187 7 the the DET crl-14247 187 8 field field NOUN crl-14247 187 9 of of ADP crl-14247 187 10 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 187 11 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 187 12 is be AUX crl-14247 187 13 one one NUM crl-14247 187 14 of of ADP crl-14247 187 15 its its PRON crl-14247 187 16 ~hief ~hief NUM crl-14247 187 17 sources source NOUN crl-14247 187 18 of of ADP crl-14247 187 19 strength strength NOUN crl-14247 187 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 187 21 66 66 NUM crl-14247 188 1 but but CCONJ crl-14247 188 2 it it PRON crl-14247 188 3 is be AUX crl-14247 188 4 also also ADV crl-14247 188 5 a a DET crl-14247 188 6 broad broad ADJ crl-14247 188 7 and and CCONJ crl-14247 188 8 general general ADJ crl-14247 188 9 feature feature NOUN crl-14247 188 10 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 188 11 and and CCONJ crl-14247 188 12 the the DET crl-14247 188 13 paucity paucity NOUN crl-14247 188 14 k k PROPN crl-14247 188 15 · · PUNCT crl-14247 188 16 of of ADP crl-14247 188 17 published publish VERB crl-14247 188 18 reports report NOUN crl-14247 188 19 on on ADP crl-14247 188 20 this this DET crl-14247 188 21 type type NOUN crl-14247 188 22 of of ADP crl-14247 188 23 experiment experiment NOUN crl-14247 188 24 makes make VERB crl-14247 188 25 it it PRON crl-14247 188 26 difficult difficult ADJ crl-14247 188 27 to to PART crl-14247 188 28 find find VERB crl-14247 188 29 models model NOUN crl-14247 188 30 or or CCONJ crl-14247 188 31 paradigms paradigms NOUN crl-14247 188 32 . . PUNCT crl-14247 189 1 67 67 NUM crl-14247 189 2 the the DET crl-14247 189 3 library library NOUN crl-14247 189 4 science science NOUN crl-14247 189 5 literature literature PROPN crl-14247 189 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 189 7 for for ADP crl-14247 189 8 example example NOUN crl-14247 189 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 189 10 is be AUX crl-14247 189 11 full full ADJ crl-14247 189 12 of of ADP crl-14247 189 13 narratives narrative NOUN crl-14247 189 14 about about ADP crl-14247 189 15 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 189 16 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 189 17 but but CCONJ crl-14247 189 18 only only ADV crl-14247 189 19 one one NUM crl-14247 189 20 article article NOUN crl-14247 189 21 stands stand VERB crl-14247 189 22 out out ADP crl-14247 189 23 as as ADP crl-14247 189 24 a a DET crl-14247 189 25 true true ADJ crl-14247 189 26 experiment experiment NOUN crl-14247 189 27 , , PUNCT crl-14247 189 28 in in ADP crl-14247 189 29 which which PRON crl-14247 189 30 a a DET crl-14247 189 31 definite definite ADJ crl-14247 189 32 plan plan NOUN crl-14247 189 33 leads lead VERB crl-14247 189 34 to to ADP crl-14247 189 35 action action NOUN crl-14247 189 36 that that PRON crl-14247 189 37 detects detect VERB crl-14247 189 38 and and CCONJ crl-14247 189 39 attempts attempt VERB crl-14247 189 40 to to PART crl-14247 189 41 correct correct VERB crl-14247 189 42 a a DET crl-14247 189 43 mismatch mismatch NOUN crl-14247 189 44 between between ADP crl-14247 189 45 intentions intention NOUN crl-14247 189 46 and and CCONJ crl-14247 189 47 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 189 48 outcomes.68 outcomes.68 NOUN crl-14247 189 49 reports report NOUN crl-14247 189 50 on on ADP crl-14247 189 51 in in ADP crl-14247 189 52 - - PUNCT crl-14247 189 53 house house NOUN crl-14247 189 54 experimentation experimentation NOUN crl-14247 189 55 have have AUX crl-14247 189 56 been be AUX crl-14247 189 57 made make VERB crl-14247 189 58 , , PUNCT crl-14247 189 59 for for ADP crl-14247 189 60 the the DET crl-14247 189 61 most most ADJ crl-14247 189 62 part part NOUN crl-14247 189 63 , , PUNCT crl-14247 189 64 by by ADP crl-14247 189 65 a a DET crl-14247 189 66 small small ADJ crl-14247 189 67 band band NOUN crl-14247 189 68 of of ADP crl-14247 189 69 theorist theorist NOUN crl-14247 189 70 - - PUNCT crl-14247 189 71 practitioners practitioner NOUN crl-14247 189 72 who who PRON crl-14247 189 73 have have AUX crl-14247 189 74 tied tie VERB crl-14247 189 75 adult adult NOUN crl-14247 189 76 learning learning NOUN crl-14247 189 77 strategies strategy NOUN crl-14247 189 78 to to ADP crl-14247 189 79 the the DET crl-14247 189 80 study study NOUN crl-14247 189 81 of of ADP crl-14247 189 82 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 189 83 culture culture NOUN crl-14247 189 84 . . PUNCT crl-14247 190 1 69 69 NUM crl-14247 190 2 their their PRON crl-14247 190 3 findings finding NOUN crl-14247 190 4 suggest suggest VERB crl-14247 190 5 two two NUM crl-14247 190 6 general general ADJ crl-14247 190 7 reasons reason NOUN crl-14247 190 8 why why SCONJ crl-14247 190 9 an an DET crl-14247 190 10 in in ADP crl-14247 190 11 - - PUNCT crl-14247 190 12 house house NOUN crl-14247 190 13 experiment experiment NOUN crl-14247 190 14 is be AUX crl-14247 190 15 not not PART crl-14247 190 16 an an DET crl-14247 190 17 ordinary ordinary ADJ crl-14247 190 18 plan plan NOUN crl-14247 190 19 of of ADP crl-14247 190 20 action action NOUN crl-14247 190 21 : : PUNCT crl-14247 190 22 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 190 23 the the DET crl-14247 190 24 inability inability NOUN crl-14247 190 25 of of ADP crl-14247 190 26 individuals individual NOUN crl-14247 190 27 to to PART crl-14247 190 28 learn learn VERB crl-14247 190 29 the the DET crl-14247 190 30 skills skill NOUN crl-14247 190 31 to to PART crl-14247 190 32 produce produce VERB crl-14247 190 33 conditions condition NOUN crl-14247 190 34 of of ADP crl-14247 190 35 trust trust NOUN crl-14247 190 36 , , PUNCT crl-14247 190 37 candidness candidness NOUN crl-14247 190 38 , , PUNCT crl-14247 190 39 and and CCONJ crl-14247 190 40 risk risk NOUN crl-14247 190 41 - - PUNCT crl-14247 190 42 taking taking NOUN crl-14247 190 43 under under ADP crl-14247 190 44 online online ADJ crl-14247 190 45 conditions condition NOUN crl-14247 190 46 , , PUNCT crl-14247 190 47 and and CCONJ crl-14247 190 48 the the DET crl-14247 190 49 lack lack NOUN crl-14247 190 50 of of ADP crl-14247 190 51 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 190 52 support support NOUN crl-14247 190 53 for for ADP crl-14247 190 54 such such ADJ crl-14247 190 55 changes change NOUN crl-14247 190 56 . . PUNCT crl-14247 190 57 " " PUNCT crl-14247 191 1 70 70 NUM crl-14247 191 2 with with ADP crl-14247 191 3 reference reference NOUN crl-14247 191 4 to to ADP crl-14247 191 5 the the DET crl-14247 191 6 first first ADJ crl-14247 191 7 reason reason NOUN crl-14247 191 8 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 191 9 a a DET crl-14247 191 10 fairly fairly ADV crl-14247 191 11 sophisticated sophisticated ADJ crl-14247 191 12 study study NOUN crl-14247 191 13 of of ADP crl-14247 191 14 the the DET crl-14247 191 15 types type NOUN crl-14247 191 16 of of ADP crl-14247 191 17 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 191 18 master master NOUN crl-14247 191 19 plans plan NOUN crl-14247 191 20 " " PUNCT crl-14247 191 21 people people NOUN crl-14247 191 22 hold hold VERB crl-14247 191 23 about about ADP crl-14247 191 24 managing manage VERB crl-14247 191 25 their their PRON crl-14247 191 26 actions action NOUN crl-14247 191 27 determined determine VERB crl-14247 191 28 that that SCONJ crl-14247 191 29 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 191 30 individuals individual NOUN crl-14247 191 31 who who PRON crl-14247 191 32 are be AUX crl-14247 191 33 young young ADJ crl-14247 191 34 or or CCONJ crl-14247 191 35 old old ADJ crl-14247 191 36 , , PUNCT crl-14247 191 37 male male ADJ crl-14247 191 38 or or CCONJ crl-14247 191 39 female female ADJ crl-14247 191 40 , , PUNCT crl-14247 191 41 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 191 42 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 191 43 445 445 NUM crl-14247 191 44 white white ADJ crl-14247 191 45 or or CCONJ crl-14247 191 46 black black ADJ crl-14247 191 47 , , PUNCT crl-14247 191 48 rich rich ADJ crl-14247 191 49 or or CCONJ crl-14247 191 50 poor poor ADJ crl-14247 191 51 , , PUNCT crl-14247 191 52 powerful powerful ADJ crl-14247 191 53 or or CCONJ crl-14247 191 54 powerless powerless ADJ crl-14247 191 55 , , PUNCT crl-14247 191 56 may may AUX crl-14247 191 57 hold hold VERB crl-14247 191 58 different different ADJ crl-14247 191 59 espoused espoused ADJ crl-14247 191 60 theories theory NOUN crl-14247 191 61 , , PUNCT crl-14247 191 62 they they PRON crl-14247 191 63 may may AUX crl-14247 191 64 act act VERB crl-14247 191 65 differently differently ADV crl-14247 191 66 , , PUNCT crl-14247 191 67 but but CCONJ crl-14247 191 68 their their PRON crl-14247 191 69 interpersonal interpersonal ADJ crl-14247 191 70 theories theory NOUN crl-14247 191 71 - - PUNCT crl-14247 191 72 in in ADP crl-14247 191 73 - - PUNCT crl-14247 191 74 use use NOUN crl-14247 191 75 do do AUX crl-14247 191 76 not not PART crl-14247 191 77 seem seem VERB crl-14247 191 78 to to PART crl-14247 191 79 vary vary VERB crl-14247 191 80 . . PUNCT crl-14247 191 81 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 192 1 a a DET crl-14247 192 2 model model NOUN crl-14247 192 3 of of ADP crl-14247 192 4 this this DET crl-14247 192 5 more more ADV crl-14247 192 6 or or CCONJ crl-14247 192 7 less less ADV crl-14247 192 8 universal universal ADJ crl-14247 192 9 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 192 10 pattern pattern NOUN crl-14247 192 11 has have VERB crl-14247 192 12 four four NUM crl-14247 192 13 objectives objective NOUN crl-14247 192 14 : : PUNCT crl-14247 192 15 " " PUNCT crl-14247 192 16 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 192 17 1 1 X crl-14247 192 18 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 192 19 control control VERB crl-14247 192 20 the the DET crl-14247 192 21 purpose purpose NOUN crl-14247 192 22 of of ADP crl-14247 192 23 the the DET crl-14247 192 24 situation situation NOUN crl-14247 192 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 192 26 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 192 27 2 2 X crl-14247 192 28 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 192 29 minimize minimize VERB crl-14247 192 30 losing lose VERB crl-14247 192 31 and and CCONJ crl-14247 192 32 maximize maximize VERB crl-14247 192 33 winning win VERB crl-14247 192 34 , , PUNCT crl-14247 192 35 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 192 36 3 3 NUM crl-14247 192 37 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 192 38 suppress suppress NOUN crl-14247 192 39 negative negative ADJ crl-14247 192 40 feelings feeling NOUN crl-14247 192 41 , , PUNCT crl-14247 192 42 and and CCONJ crl-14247 192 43 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 192 44 4 4 X crl-14247 192 45 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 192 46 emphasize emphasize VERB crl-14247 192 47 rationality rationality NOUN crl-14247 192 48 . . PUNCT crl-14247 192 49 " " PUNCT crl-14247 193 1 71 71 NUM crl-14247 193 2 additionally additionally ADV crl-14247 193 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 193 4 research research NOUN crl-14247 193 5 work work NOUN crl-14247 193 6 on on ADP crl-14247 193 7 leadership leadership NOUN crl-14247 193 8 points point VERB crl-14247 193 9 up up ADP crl-14247 193 10 a a DET crl-14247 193 11 marked marked ADJ crl-14247 193 12 tendency tendency NOUN crl-14247 193 13 for for SCONJ crl-14247 193 14 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 193 15 administrations administration NOUN crl-14247 193 16 to to PART crl-14247 193 17 avoid avoid VERB crl-14247 193 18 inhouse inhouse NOUN crl-14247 193 19 experiments experiment NOUN crl-14247 193 20 . . PUNCT crl-14247 194 1 supervisors supervisor NOUN crl-14247 194 2 at at ADP crl-14247 194 3 every every DET crl-14247 194 4 level level NOUN crl-14247 194 5 tend tend VERB crl-14247 194 6 to to PART crl-14247 194 7 have have VERB crl-14247 194 8 a a DET crl-14247 194 9 basic basic ADJ crl-14247 194 10 lack lack NOUN crl-14247 194 11 of of ADP crl-14247 194 12 confidence confidence NOUN crl-14247 194 13 in in ADP crl-14247 194 14 others other NOUN crl-14247 194 15 and and CCONJ crl-14247 194 16 do do AUX crl-14247 194 17 not not PART crl-14247 194 18 believe believe VERB crl-14247 194 19 that that SCONJ crl-14247 194 20 self self NOUN crl-14247 194 21 - - PUNCT crl-14247 194 22 management management NOUN crl-14247 194 23 traits trait NOUN crl-14247 194 24 - - PUNCT crl-14247 194 25 initiative initiative NOUN crl-14247 194 26 , , PUNCT crl-14247 194 27 judgment judgment NOUN crl-14247 194 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 194 29 responsibility responsibility NOUN crl-14247 194 30 - - PUNCT crl-14247 194 31 are be AUX crl-14247 194 32 widely widely ADV crl-14247 194 33 distributed distribute VERB crl-14247 194 34 among among ADP crl-14247 194 35 subordinates subordinate NOUN crl-14247 194 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 195 1 72 72 NUM crl-14247 195 2 and and CCONJ crl-14247 195 3 a a DET crl-14247 195 4 clearly clearly ADV crl-14247 195 5 large large ADJ crl-14247 195 6 number number NOUN crl-14247 195 7 of of ADP crl-14247 195 8 supervisors supervisor NOUN crl-14247 195 9 hold hold VERB crl-14247 195 10 to to ADP crl-14247 195 11 a a DET crl-14247 195 12 lump lump NOUN crl-14247 195 13 - - PUNCT crl-14247 195 14 of of ADP crl-14247 195 15 - - PUNCT crl-14247 195 16 control control NOUN crl-14247 195 17 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 195 18 . . PUNCT crl-14247 196 1 this this DET crl-14247 196 2 type type NOUN crl-14247 196 3 of of ADP crl-14247 196 4 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 196 5 - - PUNCT crl-14247 196 6 in in ADP crl-14247 196 7 - - PUNCT crl-14247 196 8 use use NOUN crl-14247 196 9 assumes assume NOUN crl-14247 196 10 that that SCONJ crl-14247 196 11 there there PRON crl-14247 196 12 is be VERB crl-14247 196 13 a a DET crl-14247 196 14 virtually virtually ADV crl-14247 196 15 fixed fix VERB crl-14247 196 16 amount amount NOUN crl-14247 196 17 of of ADP crl-14247 196 18 authority authority NOUN crl-14247 196 19 in in ADP crl-14247 196 20 any any DET crl-14247 196 21 organization organization NOUN crl-14247 196 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 196 23 so so SCONJ crl-14247 196 24 that that SCONJ crl-14247 196 25 whatever whatever PRON crl-14247 196 26 the the DET crl-14247 196 27 supervisor supervisor NOUN crl-14247 196 28 surrenders surrender NOUN crl-14247 196 29 is be AUX crl-14247 196 30 a a DET crl-14247 196 31 political political ADJ crl-14247 196 32 and and CCONJ crl-14247 196 33 even even ADV crl-14247 196 34 a a DET crl-14247 196 35 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 196 36 loss loss NOUN crl-14247 196 37 . . PUNCT crl-14247 197 1 73 73 NUM crl-14247 197 2 all all DET crl-14247 197 3 this this PRON crl-14247 197 4 suggests suggest VERB crl-14247 197 5 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 197 6 reasons reason NOUN crl-14247 197 7 why why SCONJ crl-14247 197 8 in in ADP crl-14247 197 9 - - PUNCT crl-14247 197 10 house house NOUN crl-14247 197 11 experiments experiment NOUN crl-14247 197 12 to to PART crl-14247 197 13 alter alter VERB crl-14247 197 14 the the DET crl-14247 197 15 status status NOUN crl-14247 197 16 quo quo NOUN crl-14247 197 17 have have AUX crl-14247 197 18 seldom seldom ADV crl-14247 197 19 been be AUX crl-14247 197 20 put put VERB crl-14247 197 21 into into ADP crl-14247 197 22 action action NOUN crl-14247 197 23 . . PUNCT crl-14247 198 1 on on ADP crl-14247 198 2 a a DET crl-14247 198 3 theoretical theoretical ADJ crl-14247 198 4 plane plane NOUN crl-14247 198 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 198 6 it it PRON crl-14247 198 7 seems seem VERB crl-14247 198 8 unlikely unlikely ADJ crl-14247 198 9 that that SCONJ crl-14247 198 10 such such ADJ crl-14247 198 11 experiments experiment NOUN crl-14247 198 12 could could AUX crl-14247 198 13 evolve evolve VERB crl-14247 198 14 into into ADP crl-14247 198 15 strategic strategic ADJ crl-14247 198 16 sources source NOUN crl-14247 198 17 for for ADP crl-14247 198 18 model model NOUN crl-14247 198 19 building building NOUN crl-14247 198 20 because because SCONJ crl-14247 198 21 their their PRON crl-14247 198 22 methods method NOUN crl-14247 198 23 and and CCONJ crl-14247 198 24 criteria criterion NOUN crl-14247 198 25 consist consist VERB crl-14247 198 26 as as ADP crl-14247 198 27 much much ADJ crl-14247 198 28 of of ADP crl-14247 198 29 independent independent ADJ crl-14247 198 30 variables variable NOUN crl-14247 198 31 as as ADP crl-14247 198 32 of of ADP crl-14247 198 33 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 198 34 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 198 35 . . PUNCT crl-14247 199 1 even even ADV crl-14247 199 2 mbo mbo PROPN crl-14247 199 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 199 4 in in ADP crl-14247 199 5 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 199 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 199 7 has have VERB crl-14247 199 8 scores score NOUN crl-14247 199 9 of of ADP crl-14247 199 10 variations variation NOUN crl-14247 199 11 . . PUNCT crl-14247 200 1 accordingly accordingly ADV crl-14247 200 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 200 3 the the DET crl-14247 200 4 confidence confidence NOUN crl-14247 200 5 level level NOUN crl-14247 200 6 of of ADP crl-14247 200 7 an an DET crl-14247 200 8 in in ADP crl-14247 200 9 - - PUNCT crl-14247 200 10 house house NOUN crl-14247 200 11 experiment experiment NOUN crl-14247 200 12 may may AUX crl-14247 200 13 decay decay VERB crl-14247 200 14 quickly quickly ADV crl-14247 200 15 when when SCONJ crl-14247 200 16 findings finding NOUN crl-14247 200 17 are be AUX crl-14247 200 18 removed remove VERB crl-14247 200 19 from from ADP crl-14247 200 20 the the DET crl-14247 200 21 original original ADJ crl-14247 200 22 setting setting NOUN crl-14247 200 23 . . PUNCT crl-14247 201 1 74 74 NUM crl-14247 201 2 an an DET crl-14247 201 3 associated associated ADJ crl-14247 201 4 theoretical theoretical ADJ crl-14247 201 5 issue issue NOUN crl-14247 201 6 centers center NOUN crl-14247 201 7 on on ADP crl-14247 201 8 the the DET crl-14247 201 9 intrinsically intrinsically ADV crl-14247 201 10 mental mental ADJ crl-14247 201 11 character character NOUN crl-14247 201 12 of of ADP crl-14247 201 13 inhouse inhouse NOUN crl-14247 201 14 experiments experiment NOUN crl-14247 201 15 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 201 16 and and CCONJ crl-14247 201 17 of of ADP crl-14247 201 18 all all DET crl-14247 201 19 social social ADJ crl-14247 201 20 phenomena phenomenon NOUN crl-14247 201 21 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 201 22 . . PUNCT crl-14247 202 1 75 75 NUM crl-14247 202 2 several several ADJ crl-14247 202 3 labels label NOUN crl-14247 202 4 for for ADP crl-14247 202 5 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 202 6 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 202 7 about about ADP crl-14247 202 8 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 202 9 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 202 10 in in ADP crl-14247 202 11 a a DET crl-14247 202 12 particular particular ADJ crl-14247 202 13 setting setting NOUN crl-14247 202 14 have have AUX crl-14247 202 15 appeared appear VERB crl-14247 202 16 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 202 17 e e NOUN crl-14247 202 18 .g .g NOUN crl-14247 202 19 . . PUNCT crl-14247 202 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 203 1 indwelli~ indwelli~ ADJ crl-14247 203 2 understanding understanding NOUN crl-14247 203 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 203 4 7 7 NUM crl-14247 203 5 armchair armchair NOUN crl-14247 203 6 theorizing theorizing NOUN crl-14247 203 7 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 203 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 203 9 but but CCONJ crl-14247 203 10 most most ADJ crl-14247 203 11 writers writer NOUN crl-14247 203 12 have have AUX crl-14247 203 13 adopted adopt VERB crl-14247 203 14 michael michael PROPN crl-14247 203 15 polanyi polanyi PROPN crl-14247 203 16 ' ' PART crl-14247 203 17 s s PART crl-14247 203 18 1972 1972 NUM crl-14247 203 19 term term NOUN crl-14247 203 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 203 21 tacit tacit ADJ crl-14247 203 22 knowledge.78 knowledge.78 PROPN crl-14247 203 23 everyone everyone PRON crl-14247 203 24 uses use VERB crl-14247 203 25 tacit tacit ADJ crl-14247 203 26 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 203 27 to to PART crl-14247 203 28 make make VERB crl-14247 203 29 sense sense NOUN crl-14247 203 30 of of ADP crl-14247 203 31 the the DET crl-14247 203 32 interplay interplay NOUN crl-14247 203 33 of of ADP crl-14247 203 34 intentions intention NOUN crl-14247 203 35 , , PUNCT crl-14247 203 36 interactions interaction NOUN crl-14247 203 37 , , PUNCT crl-14247 203 38 and and CCONJ crl-14247 203 39 context context NOUN crl-14247 203 40 in in ADP crl-14247 203 41 daily daily ADJ crl-14247 203 42 life life NOUN crl-14247 203 43 . . PUNCT crl-14247 204 1 in in ADP crl-14247 204 2 an an DET crl-14247 204 3 inhouse inhouse NOUN crl-14247 204 4 experiment experiment NOUN crl-14247 204 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 204 6 the the DET crl-14247 204 7 role role NOUN crl-14247 204 8 of of ADP crl-14247 204 9 tacit tacit ADJ crl-14247 204 10 446 446 NUM crl-14247 204 11 college college PROPN crl-14247 204 12 & & CCONJ crl-14247 204 13 research research PROPN crl-14247 204 14 libraries librarie VERB crl-14247 204 15 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 204 16 - - PUNCT crl-14247 204 17 experience experience NOUN crl-14247 204 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 204 19 intuition intuition NOUN crl-14247 204 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 204 21 intelligence intelligence NOUN crl-14247 204 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 204 23 guesswork guesswork NOUN crl-14247 204 24 - - PUNCT crl-14247 204 25 would would AUX crl-14247 204 26 be be AUX crl-14247 204 27 preeminent preeminent ADJ crl-14247 204 28 . . PUNCT crl-14247 205 1 in in ADP crl-14247 205 2 designing design VERB crl-14247 205 3 the the DET crl-14247 205 4 approach approach NOUN crl-14247 205 5 and and CCONJ crl-14247 205 6 in in ADP crl-14247 205 7 selecting select VERB crl-14247 205 8 and and CCONJ crl-14247 205 9 interpreting interpret VERB crl-14247 205 10 the the DET crl-14247 205 11 results result NOUN crl-14247 205 12 : : PUNCT crl-14247 205 13 the the DET crl-14247 205 14 research research NOUN crl-14247 205 15 ought ought AUX crl-14247 205 16 to to PART crl-14247 205 17 be be AUX crl-14247 205 18 skeptical skeptical ADJ crl-14247 205 19 of of ADP crl-14247 205 20 positivist positivist ADJ crl-14247 205 21 science science NOUN crl-14247 205 22 when when SCONJ crl-14247 205 23 the the DET crl-14247 205 24 unit unit NOUN crl-14247 205 25 of of ADP crl-14247 205 26 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14247 205 27 is be AUX crl-14247 205 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 205 29 like like ADP crl-14247 205 30 theresearcher theresearcher NOUN crl-14247 205 31 , , PUNCT crl-14247 205 32 a a DET crl-14247 205 33 self self NOUN crl-14247 205 34 - - PUNCT crl-14247 205 35 reflecting reflect VERB crl-14247 205 36 subject subject NOUN crl-14247 205 37 , , PUNCT crl-14247 205 38 when when SCONJ crl-14247 205 39 · · PUNCT crl-14247 205 40 relationships relationship NOUN crl-14247 205 41 between between ADP crl-14247 205 42 subjects subject NOUN crl-14247 205 43 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 205 44 actors actor NOUN crl-14247 205 45 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 205 46 are be AUX crl-14247 205 47 influenced influence VERB crl-14247 205 48 by by ADP crl-14247 205 49 definitions definition NOUN crl-14247 205 50 of of ADP crl-14247 205 51 the the DET crl-14247 205 52 situation situation NOUN crl-14247 205 53 , , PUNCT crl-14247 205 54 or or CCONJ crl-14247 205 55 when when SCONJ crl-14247 205 56 the the DET crl-14247 205 57 reason reason NOUN crl-14247 205 58 for for ADP crl-14247 205 59 undertaking undertake VERB crl-14247 205 60 the the DET crl-14247 205 61 research research NOUN crl-14247 205 62 is be AUX crl-14247 205 63 to to PART crl-14247 205 64 solve solve VERB crl-14247 205 65 a a DET crl-14247 205 66 rroblem rroblem NOUN crl-14247 205 67 which which PRON crl-14247 205 68 the the DET crl-14247 205 69 actors actor NOUN crl-14247 205 70 have have AUX crl-14247 205 71 helped help VERB crl-14247 205 72 to to PART crl-14247 205 73 define define VERB crl-14247 205 74 . . PUNCT crl-14247 206 1 such such ADJ crl-14247 206 2 action action NOUN crl-14247 206 3 research research NOUN crl-14247 206 4 makes make VERB crl-14247 206 5 theorists theorist NOUN crl-14247 206 6 nervous nervous ADJ crl-14247 206 7 because because SCONJ crl-14247 206 8 reliance reliance NOUN crl-14247 206 9 on on ADP crl-14247 206 10 a a DET crl-14247 206 11 participant participant NOUN crl-14247 206 12 's 's PART crl-14247 206 13 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 206 14 assessment assessment NOUN crl-14247 206 15 implies imply VERB crl-14247 206 16 a a DET crl-14247 206 17 profundity profundity NOUN crl-14247 206 18 that that PRON crl-14247 206 19 can can AUX crl-14247 206 20 be be AUX crl-14247 206 21 self self NOUN crl-14247 206 22 - - PUNCT crl-14247 206 23 aggrandizing aggrandize VERB crl-14247 206 24 , , PUNCT crl-14247 206 25 defensive defensive ADJ crl-14247 206 26 , , PUNCT crl-14247 206 27 or or CCONJ crl-14247 206 28 misinformed misinformed ADJ crl-14247 206 29 . . PUNCT crl-14247 207 1 to to ADP crl-14247 207 2 temper temper NOUN crl-14247 207 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 207 4 round round VERB crl-14247 207 5 out out ADP crl-14247 207 6 subjective subjective ADJ crl-14247 207 7 assessments assessment NOUN crl-14247 207 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 207 9 writers writer NOUN crl-14247 207 10 uniformly uniformly ADV crl-14247 207 11 recommend recommend VERB crl-14247 207 12 the the DET crl-14247 207 13 panel panel NOUN crl-14247 207 14 or or CCONJ crl-14247 207 15 team team NOUN crl-14247 207 16 design design NOUN crl-14247 207 17 for for ADP crl-14247 207 18 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-14247 207 19 of of ADP crl-14247 207 20 nonrandom nonrandom PROPN crl-14247 207 21 in in ADP crl-14247 207 22 - - PUNCT crl-14247 207 23 house house NOUN crl-14247 207 24 experiments experiment NOUN crl-14247 207 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 208 1 80 80 NUM crl-14247 208 2 conclusions conclusion NOUN crl-14247 208 3 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 208 4 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 208 5 provides provide VERB crl-14247 208 6 a a DET crl-14247 208 7 modicum modicum NOUN crl-14247 208 8 of of ADP crl-14247 208 9 rationality rationality NOUN crl-14247 208 10 and and CCONJ crl-14247 208 11 legality legality NOUN crl-14247 208 12 to to ADP crl-14247 208 13 key key ADJ crl-14247 208 14 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 208 15 actions action NOUN crl-14247 208 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 208 17 but but CCONJ crl-14247 208 18 there there PRON crl-14247 208 19 is be VERB crl-14247 208 20 no no DET crl-14247 208 21 neat neat ADJ crl-14247 208 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 208 23 objective objective ADJ crl-14247 208 24 way way NOUN crl-14247 208 25 of of ADP crl-14247 208 26 going go VERB crl-14247 208 27 about about ADP crl-14247 208 28 it it PRON crl-14247 208 29 because because SCONJ crl-14247 208 30 of of ADP crl-14247 208 31 common common ADJ crl-14247 208 32 , , PUNCT crl-14247 208 33 intractable intractable ADJ crl-14247 208 34 sources source NOUN crl-14247 208 35 of of ADP crl-14247 208 36 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 208 37 error error NOUN crl-14247 208 38 . . PUNCT crl-14247 209 1 of of ADP crl-14247 209 2 the the DET crl-14247 209 3 four four NUM crl-14247 209 4 approaches approach NOUN crl-14247 209 5 to to PART crl-14247 209 6 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 209 7 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 209 8 under under ADP crl-14247 209 9 reviewbehavioralism reviewbehavioralism NOUN crl-14247 209 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 209 11 minimal minimal ADJ crl-14247 209 12 model model NOUN crl-14247 209 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 209 14 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 209 15 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 209 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 209 17 and and CCONJ crl-14247 209 18 in in ADP crl-14247 209 19 - - PUNCT crl-14247 209 20 house house NOUN crl-14247 209 21 experimentation experimentation NOUN crl-14247 209 22 - - PUNCT crl-14247 209 23 only only ADV crl-14247 209 24 the the DET crl-14247 209 25 last last ADJ crl-14247 209 26 one one NOUN crl-14247 209 27 has have VERB crl-14247 209 28 the the DET crl-14247 209 29 capacity capacity NOUN crl-14247 209 30 to to PART crl-14247 209 31 detect detect VERB crl-14247 209 32 and and CCONJ crl-14247 209 33 deal deal VERB crl-14247 209 34 with with ADP crl-14247 209 35 error error NOUN crl-14247 209 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 210 1 all all DET crl-14247 210 2 the the DET crl-14247 210 3 other other ADJ crl-14247 210 4 approaches approach NOUN crl-14247 210 5 are be AUX crl-14247 210 6 of of ADP crl-14247 210 7 relatively relatively ADV crl-14247 210 8 limited limited ADJ crl-14247 210 9 utility utility NOUN crl-14247 210 10 . . PUNCT crl-14247 211 1 the the DET crl-14247 211 2 essential essential ADJ crl-14247 211 3 difficulty difficulty NOUN crl-14247 211 4 with with ADP crl-14247 211 5 behavioralism behavioralism NOUN crl-14247 211 6 is be AUX crl-14247 211 7 that that SCONJ crl-14247 211 8 our our PRON crl-14247 211 9 state state NOUN crl-14247 211 10 of of ADP crl-14247 211 11 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 211 12 about about ADP crl-14247 211 13 the the DET crl-14247 211 14 determinants determinant NOUN crl-14247 211 15 of of ADP crl-14247 211 16 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 211 17 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN crl-14247 211 18 lags lag VERB crl-14247 211 19 far far ADV crl-14247 211 20 behind behind ADP crl-14247 211 21 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 211 22 needs need NOUN crl-14247 211 23 and and CCONJ crl-14247 211 24 legal legal ADJ crl-14247 211 25 requirements requirement NOUN crl-14247 211 26 . . PUNCT crl-14247 212 1 behaviorally behaviorally ADV crl-14247 212 2 based base VERB crl-14247 212 3 methods method NOUN crl-14247 212 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 212 5 when when SCONJ crl-14247 212 6 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-14247 212 7 for for ADP crl-14247 212 8 validity validity NOUN crl-14247 212 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 212 10 relevance relevance NOUN crl-14247 212 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 212 12 discriminality discriminality NOUN crl-14247 212 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 212 14 and and CCONJ crl-14247 212 15 freedom freedom NOUN crl-14247 212 16 from from ADP crl-14247 212 17 bias bias PROPN crl-14247 212 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 212 19 remain remain VERB crl-14247 212 20 inadequate inadequate ADJ crl-14247 212 21 for for ADP crl-14247 212 22 the the DET crl-14247 212 23 purposes purpose NOUN crl-14247 212 24 that that PRON crl-14247 212 25 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 212 26 are be AUX crl-14247 212 27 intended intend VERB crl-14247 212 28 to to PART crl-14247 212 29 serve serve VERB crl-14247 212 30 . . PUNCT crl-14247 213 1 this this DET crl-14247 213 2 all all ADV crl-14247 213 3 - - PUNCT crl-14247 213 4 too too ADV crl-14247 213 5 - - PUNCT crl-14247 213 6 apparent apparent ADJ crl-14247 213 7 deficiency deficiency NOUN crl-14247 213 8 in in ADP crl-14247 213 9 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 213 10 administration administration NOUN crl-14247 213 11 has have AUX crl-14247 213 12 come come VERB crl-14247 213 13 under under ADP crl-14247 213 14 increasing increase VERB crl-14247 213 15 legal legal ADJ crl-14247 213 16 scrutiny scrutiny NOUN crl-14247 213 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 213 18 81 81 NUM crl-14247 213 19 but but CCONJ crl-14247 213 20 there there PRON crl-14247 213 21 is be VERB crl-14247 213 22 little little ADJ crl-14247 213 23 documentation documentation NOUN crl-14247 213 24 of of ADP crl-14247 213 25 the the DET crl-14247 213 26 particular particular ADJ crl-14247 213 27 laws law NOUN crl-14247 213 28 governing govern VERB crl-14247 213 29 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 213 30 in in ADP crl-14247 213 31 small small ADJ crl-14247 213 32 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ crl-14247 213 33 organizations organization NOUN crl-14247 213 34 . . PUNCT crl-14247 214 1 no no DET crl-14247 214 2 dramatic dramatic ADJ crl-14247 214 3 breakthroughs breakthrough NOUN crl-14247 214 4 in in ADP crl-14247 214 5 the the DET crl-14247 214 6 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 214 7 or or CCONJ crl-14247 214 8 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 214 9 of of ADP crl-14247 214 10 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 214 11 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 214 12 are be AUX crl-14247 214 13 in in ADP crl-14247 214 14 sight sight NOUN crl-14247 214 15 . . PUNCT crl-14247 215 1 practically practically ADV crl-14247 215 2 all all PRON crl-14247 215 3 of of ADP crl-14247 215 4 the the DET crl-14247 215 5 concepts concept NOUN crl-14247 215 6 and and CCONJ crl-14247 215 7 methods method NOUN crl-14247 215 8 now now ADV crl-14247 215 9 in in ADP crl-14247 215 10 use use NOUN crl-14247 215 11 have have AUX crl-14247 215 12 been be AUX crl-14247 215 13 september september PROPN crl-14247 215 14 1986 1986 NUM crl-14247 215 15 around around ADV crl-14247 215 16 for for ADP crl-14247 215 17 decades decade NOUN crl-14247 215 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 215 19 and and CCONJ crl-14247 215 20 the the DET crl-14247 215 21 types type NOUN crl-14247 215 22 of of ADP crl-14247 215 23 method method NOUN crl-14247 215 24 still still ADV crl-14247 215 25 to to PART crl-14247 215 26 be be AUX crl-14247 215 27 tested test VERB crl-14247 215 28 do do AUX crl-14247 215 29 not not PART crl-14247 215 30 appear appear VERB crl-14247 215 31 promising promise VERB crl-14247 215 32 . . PUNCT crl-14247 216 1 82 82 NUM crl-14247 216 2 thus thus ADV crl-14247 216 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 216 4 the the DET crl-14247 216 5 search search NOUN crl-14247 216 6 for for ADP crl-14247 216 7 an an DET crl-14247 216 8 ultimate ultimate ADJ crl-14247 216 9 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 216 10 format format NOUN crl-14247 216 11 was be AUX crl-14247 216 12 plainly plainly ADV crl-14247 216 13 exhausted exhausted ADJ crl-14247 216 14 in in ADP crl-14247 216 15 the the DET crl-14247 216 16 1970s 1970 NOUN crl-14247 216 17 when when SCONJ crl-14247 216 18 researchers researcher NOUN crl-14247 216 19 quit quit VERB crl-14247 216 20 hedging hedging NOUN crl-14247 216 21 about about ADP crl-14247 216 22 the the DET crl-14247 216 23 efficacy efficacy NOUN crl-14247 216 24 of of ADP crl-14247 216 25 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 216 26 scaling scaling NOUN crl-14247 216 27 strategies strategy NOUN crl-14247 216 28 . . PUNCT crl-14247 217 1 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 217 2 training training NOUN crl-14247 217 3 programs program NOUN crl-14247 217 4 may may AUX crl-14247 217 5 be be AUX crl-14247 217 6 on on ADP crl-14247 217 7 the the DET crl-14247 217 8 decline decline NOUN crl-14247 217 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 217 10 but but CCONJ crl-14247 217 11 misapplications misapplication NOUN crl-14247 217 12 of of ADP crl-14247 217 13 mbo mbo NOUN crl-14247 217 14 as as ADP crl-14247 217 15 a a DET crl-14247 217 16 grand grand ADJ crl-14247 217 17 substitute substitute NOUN crl-14247 217 18 for for ADP crl-14247 217 19 an an DET crl-14247 217 20 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 217 21 system system NOUN crl-14247 217 22 will will AUX crl-14247 217 23 likely likely ADV crl-14247 217 24 endure endure VERB crl-14247 217 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 218 1 at at ADP crl-14247 218 2 the the DET crl-14247 218 3 theorybuilding theorybuilding NOUN crl-14247 218 4 level level NOUN crl-14247 218 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 218 6 a a DET crl-14247 218 7 workable workable ADJ crl-14247 218 8 model model NOUN crl-14247 218 9 of of ADP crl-14247 218 10 the the DET crl-14247 218 11 appraisal appraisal ADJ crl-14247 218 12 process process NOUN crl-14247 218 13 would would AUX crl-14247 218 14 encompass encompass VERB crl-14247 218 15 such such DET crl-14247 218 16 a a DET crl-14247 218 17 vast vast ADJ crl-14247 218 18 array array NOUN crl-14247 218 19 of of ADP crl-14247 218 20 human human ADJ crl-14247 218 21 , , PUNCT crl-14247 218 22 social social ADJ crl-14247 218 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 218 24 and and CCONJ crl-14247 218 25 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 218 26 variables variable NOUN crl-14247 218 27 that that PRON crl-14247 218 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 218 29 if if SCONJ crl-14247 218 30 feasible feasible ADJ crl-14247 218 31 , , PUNCT crl-14247 218 32 would would AUX crl-14247 218 33 require require VERB crl-14247 218 34 decades decade NOUN crl-14247 218 35 to to PART crl-14247 218 36 develop develop VERB crl-14247 218 37 . . PUNCT crl-14247 219 1 83 83 NUM crl-14247 219 2 the the DET crl-14247 219 3 antithesis antithesis NOUN crl-14247 219 4 of of ADP crl-14247 219 5 behavioralism behavioralism NOUN crl-14247 219 6 is be AUX crl-14247 219 7 paternalism paternalism NOUN crl-14247 219 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 219 9 involving involve VERB crl-14247 219 10 a a DET crl-14247 219 11 minimal minimal ADJ crl-14247 219 12 model model NOUN crl-14247 219 13 with with ADP crl-14247 219 14 two two NUM crl-14247 219 15 chief chief ADJ crl-14247 219 16 premises premise NOUN crl-14247 219 17 : : PUNCT crl-14247 219 18 benign benign ADJ crl-14247 219 19 neglect neglect NOUN crl-14247 219 20 of of ADP crl-14247 219 21 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 219 22 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 219 23 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 219 24 and and CCONJ crl-14247 219 25 " " PUNCT crl-14247 219 26 unconditional unconditional ADJ crl-14247 219 27 rewards reward NOUN crl-14247 219 28 in in ADP crl-14247 219 29 the the DET crl-14247 219 30 sense sense NOUN crl-14247 219 31 that that SCONJ crl-14247 219 32 the the DET crl-14247 219 33 amount amount NOUN crl-14247 219 34 of of ADP crl-14247 219 35 reward reward NOUN crl-14247 219 36 that that SCONJ crl-14247 219 37 any any DET crl-14247 219 38 individual individual ADJ crl-14247 219 39 receives receive VERB crl-14247 219 40 is be AUX crl-14247 219 41 not not PART crl-14247 219 42 dependent dependent ADJ crl-14247 219 43 in in ADP crl-14247 219 44 any any DET crl-14247 219 45 clear clear ADV crl-14247 219 46 - - PUNCT crl-14247 219 47 cut cut VERB crl-14247 219 48 way way NOUN crl-14247 219 49 on on ADP crl-14247 219 50 how how SCONJ crl-14247 219 51 he he PRON crl-14247 219 52 behaveswithin behaveswithin VERB crl-14247 219 53 the the DET crl-14247 219 54 organization organization NOUN crl-14247 219 55 , , PUNCT crl-14247 219 56 but but CCONJ crl-14247 219 57 rather rather ADV crl-14247 219 58 on on ADP crl-14247 219 59 the the DET crl-14247 219 60 fact fact NOUN crl-14247 219 61 that that SCONJ crl-14247 219 62 he he PRON crl-14247 219 63 is be AUX crl-14247 219 64 a a DET crl-14247 219 65 member member NOUN crl-14247 219 66 of of ADP crl-14247 219 67 that that DET crl-14247 219 68 organization organization NOUN crl-14247 219 69 . . PUNCT crl-14247 219 70 ' ' PUNCT crl-14247 219 71 ' ' PUNCT crl-14247 220 1 84 84 NUM crl-14247 220 2 although although SCONJ crl-14247 220 3 this this DET crl-14247 220 4 model model NOUN crl-14247 220 5 has have AUX crl-14247 220 6 been be AUX crl-14247 220 7 eclipsed eclipse VERB crl-14247 220 8 in in ADP crl-14247 220 9 the the DET crl-14247 220 10 management management NOUN crl-14247 220 11 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 220 12 since since SCONJ crl-14247 220 13 the the DET crl-14247 220 14 mid-1950s mid-1950s NUM crl-14247 220 15 by by ADP crl-14247 220 16 others other NOUN crl-14247 220 17 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 220 18 e.g. e.g. ADV crl-14247 220 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 220 20 mbo mbo NOUN crl-14247 220 21 , , PUNCT crl-14247 220 22 participatory participatory ADJ crl-14247 220 23 decision decision NOUN crl-14247 220 24 making making NOUN crl-14247 220 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 220 26 behavioralism behavioralism NOUN crl-14247 220 27 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 220 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 220 29 it it PRON crl-14247 220 30 is be AUX crl-14247 220 31 still still ADV crl-14247 220 32 salient salient ADJ crl-14247 220 33 in in ADP crl-14247 220 34 the the DET crl-14247 220 35 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ crl-14247 220 36 sector sector NOUN crl-14247 220 37 and and CCONJ crl-14247 220 38 especially especially ADV crl-14247 220 39 in in ADP crl-14247 220 40 the the DET crl-14247 220 41 library library NOUN crl-14247 220 42 field field NOUN crl-14247 220 43 . . PUNCT crl-14247 221 1 relaxation relaxation NOUN crl-14247 221 2 of of ADP crl-14247 221 3 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 221 4 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 221 5 and and CCONJ crl-14247 221 6 resort resort NOUN crl-14247 221 7 to to ADP crl-14247 221 8 across across ADP crl-14247 221 9 - - PUNCT crl-14247 221 10 the the DET crl-14247 221 11 - - PUNCT crl-14247 221 12 board board NOUN crl-14247 221 13 pay pay NOUN crl-14247 221 14 increases increase NOUN crl-14247 221 15 may may AUX crl-14247 221 16 be be AUX crl-14247 221 17 entirely entirely ADV crl-14247 221 18 reasonable reasonable ADJ crl-14247 221 19 in in ADP crl-14247 221 20 some some DET crl-14247 221 21 organizations organization NOUN crl-14247 221 22 at at ADP crl-14247 221 23 some some DET crl-14247 221 24 times time NOUN crl-14247 221 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 221 26 such such ADJ crl-14247 221 27 as as ADP crl-14247 221 28 during during ADP crl-14247 221 29 periods period NOUN crl-14247 221 30 of of ADP crl-14247 221 31 budgetary budgetary ADJ crl-14247 221 32 restraint restraint NOUN crl-14247 221 33 . . PUNCT crl-14247 222 1 but but CCONJ crl-14247 222 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 222 3 over over ADP crl-14247 222 4 the the DET crl-14247 222 5 long long ADJ crl-14247 222 6 haul haul NOUN crl-14247 222 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 222 8 the the DET crl-14247 222 9 premises premise NOUN crl-14247 222 10 of of ADP crl-14247 222 11 paternalism paternalism NOUN crl-14247 222 12 tend tend VERB crl-14247 222 13 to to PART crl-14247 222 14 break break VERB crl-14247 222 15 down down ADP crl-14247 222 16 . . PUNCT crl-14247 223 1 first first ADV crl-14247 223 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 223 3 where where SCONJ crl-14247 223 4 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 223 5 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 223 6 are be AUX crl-14247 223 7 not not PART crl-14247 223 8 conducted conduct VERB crl-14247 223 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 223 10 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 223 11 implicit implicit ADJ crl-14247 223 12 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-14247 223 13 will will AUX crl-14247 223 14 be be AUX crl-14247 223 15 assumed assume VERB crl-14247 223 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 223 17 and and CCONJ crl-14247 223 18 what what PRON crl-14247 223 19 managers manager NOUN crl-14247 223 20 say say VERB crl-14247 223 21 and and CCONJ crl-14247 223 22 do do AUX crl-14247 223 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 223 24 even even ADV crl-14247 223 25 casually casually ADV crl-14247 223 26 , , PUNCT crl-14247 223 27 will will AUX crl-14247 223 28 be be AUX crl-14247 223 29 interpreted interpret VERB crl-14247 223 30 and and CCONJ crl-14247 223 31 weighted weight VERB crl-14247 223 32 as as ADP crl-14247 223 33 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 223 34 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-14247 223 35 . . PUNCT crl-14247 223 36 " " PUNCT crl-14247 224 1 85 85 NUM crl-14247 224 2 second second NOUN crl-14247 224 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 224 4 an an DET crl-14247 224 5 unconditional unconditional ADJ crl-14247 224 6 rewards reward NOUN crl-14247 224 7 system system NOUN crl-14247 224 8 based base VERB crl-14247 224 9 on on ADP crl-14247 224 10 membership membership NOUN crl-14247 224 11 and and CCONJ crl-14247 224 12 egalitarianism egalitarianism NOUN crl-14247 224 13 may may AUX crl-14247 224 14 well well ADV crl-14247 224 15 be be AUX crl-14247 224 16 dissatisfying dissatisfy VERB crl-14247 224 17 not not PART crl-14247 224 18 only only ADV crl-14247 224 19 to to ADP crl-14247 224 20 high high ADJ crl-14247 224 21 achievers achiever NOUN crl-14247 224 22 but but CCONJ crl-14247 224 23 also also ADV crl-14247 224 24 to to ADP crl-14247 224 25 many many ADJ crl-14247 224 26 average average ADJ crl-14247 224 27 workers worker NOUN crl-14247 224 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 224 29 given give VERB crl-14247 224 30 the the DET crl-14247 224 31 high high ADJ crl-14247 224 32 inflation inflation NOUN crl-14247 224 33 of of ADP crl-14247 224 34 self self NOUN crl-14247 224 35 - - PUNCT crl-14247 224 36 ratings rating NOUN crl-14247 224 37 relative relative ADJ crl-14247 224 38 to to ADP crl-14247 224 39 others other NOUN crl-14247 224 40 ' ' PART crl-14247 224 41 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 224 42 . . PUNCT crl-14247 225 1 the the DET crl-14247 225 2 aim aim NOUN crl-14247 225 3 of of ADP crl-14247 225 4 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 225 5 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 225 6 is be AUX crl-14247 225 7 to to PART crl-14247 225 8 disseminate disseminate VERB crl-14247 225 9 usable usable ADJ crl-14247 225 10 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 225 11 in in ADP crl-14247 225 12 a a DET crl-14247 225 13 particular particular ADJ crl-14247 225 14 field field NOUN crl-14247 225 15 . . PUNCT crl-14247 226 1 in in ADP crl-14247 226 2 the the DET crl-14247 226 3 social social ADJ crl-14247 226 4 and and CCONJ crl-14247 226 5 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 226 6 sciences science NOUN crl-14247 226 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 226 8 the the DET crl-14247 226 9 logic logic NOUN crl-14247 226 10 of of ADP crl-14247 226 11 positivism positivism NOUN crl-14247 226 12 - - PUNCT crl-14247 226 13 that that SCONJ crl-14247 226 14 human human ADJ crl-14247 226 15 interaction interaction NOUN crl-14247 226 16 and and CCONJ crl-14247 226 17 society society NOUN crl-14247 226 18 can can AUX crl-14247 226 19 be be AUX crl-14247 226 20 understood understand VERB crl-14247 226 21 in in ADP crl-14247 226 22 terms term NOUN crl-14247 226 23 of of ADP crl-14247 226 24 impersonal impersonal ADJ crl-14247 226 25 laws law NOUN crl-14247 226 26 - - PUNCT crl-14247 226 27 has have AUX crl-14247 226 28 led lead VERB crl-14247 226 29 to to ADP crl-14247 226 30 research research NOUN crl-14247 226 31 reports report NOUN crl-14247 226 32 that that PRON crl-14247 226 33 are be AUX crl-14247 226 34 quite quite ADV crl-14247 226 35 narrow narrow ADJ crl-14247 226 36 in in ADP crl-14247 226 37 scope scope NOUN crl-14247 226 38 and and CCONJ crl-14247 226 39 technical technical ADJ crl-14247 226 40 in in ADP crl-14247 226 41 application application NOUN crl-14247 226 42 . . PUNCT crl-14247 227 1 one one NUM crl-14247 227 2 argument argument NOUN crl-14247 227 3 of of ADP crl-14247 227 4 an an DET crl-14247 227 5 emergent emergent ADJ crl-14247 227 6 postbehavioral postbehavioral ADJ crl-14247 227 7 movement movement NOUN crl-14247 227 8 is be AUX crl-14247 227 9 that that SCONJ crl-14247 227 10 scientific scientific ADJ crl-14247 227 11 certainty certainty NOUN crl-14247 227 12 of of ADP crl-14247 227 13 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 227 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 227 15 to to ADP crl-14247 227 16 a a DET crl-14247 227 17 degree degree NOUN crl-14247 227 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 227 19 is be AUX crl-14247 227 20 the the DET crl-14247 227 21 enemy enemy NOUN crl-14247 227 22 of of ADP crl-14247 227 23 its its PRON crl-14247 227 24 usefulness usefulness NOUN crl-14247 227 25 : : PUNCT crl-14247 227 26 . . PUNCT crl-14247 228 1 the the DET crl-14247 228 2 effort effort NOUN crl-14247 228 3 to to PART crl-14247 228 4 establish establish VERB crl-14247 228 5 certainty certainty NOUN crl-14247 228 6 almost almost ADV crl-14247 228 7 always always ADV crl-14247 228 8 leads lead VERB crl-14247 228 9 to to ADP crl-14247 228 10 large large ADJ crl-14247 228 11 numbers number NOUN crl-14247 228 12 of of ADP crl-14247 228 13 studies study NOUN crl-14247 228 14 being be AUX crl-14247 228 15 done do VERB crl-14247 228 16 on on ADP crl-14247 228 17 a a DET crl-14247 228 18 single single ADJ crl-14247 228 19 small small ADJ crl-14247 228 20 topic topic NOUN crl-14247 228 21 and and CCONJ crl-14247 228 22 to to ADP crl-14247 228 23 more more ADJ crl-14247 228 24 and and CCONJ crl-14247 228 25 more more ADV crl-14247 228 26 careful careful ADJ crl-14247 228 27 specification specification NOUN crl-14247 228 28 of of ADP crl-14247 228 29 the the DET crl-14247 228 30 phenomenon phenomenon NOUN crl-14247 228 31 . . PUNCT crl-14247 229 1 once once SCONJ crl-14247 229 2 the the DET crl-14247 229 3 phenomenon phenomenon NOUN crl-14247 229 4 has have AUX crl-14247 229 5 been be AUX crl-14247 229 6 subjected subject VERB crl-14247 229 7 to to ADP crl-14247 229 8 all all DET crl-14247 229 9 the the DET crl-14247 229 10 tests test NOUN crl-14247 229 11 of of ADP crl-14247 229 12 certainty certainty NOUN crl-14247 229 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 229 14 it it PRON crl-14247 229 15 often often ADV crl-14247 229 16 winds wind VERB crl-14247 229 17 up up ADP crl-14247 229 18 so so ADV crl-14247 229 19 complex complex ADJ crl-14247 229 20 that that SCONJ crl-14247 229 21 it it PRON crl-14247 229 22 is be AUX crl-14247 229 23 no no ADV crl-14247 229 24 longer long ADV crl-14247 229 25 useful useful ADJ crl-14247 229 26 to to ADP crl-14247 229 27 the the DET crl-14247 229 28 practitioner.86 practitioner.86 NOUN crl-14247 229 29 hence hence ADV crl-14247 229 30 , , PUNCT crl-14247 229 31 the the DET crl-14247 229 32 important important ADJ crl-14247 229 33 function function NOUN crl-14247 229 34 of of ADP crl-14247 229 35 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 229 36 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 229 37 is be AUX crl-14247 229 38 to to PART crl-14247 229 39 make make VERB crl-14247 229 40 scientific scientific ADJ crl-14247 229 41 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 229 42 understandable understandable ADJ crl-14247 229 43 and and CCONJ crl-14247 229 44 accessible accessible ADJ crl-14247 229 45 to to ADP crl-14247 229 46 the the DET crl-14247 229 47 public public NOUN crl-14247 229 48 . . PUNCT crl-14247 230 1 this this DET crl-14247 230 2 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 230 3 holds hold VERB crl-14247 230 4 few few ADJ crl-14247 230 5 empirically empirically ADV crl-14247 230 6 grounded ground VERB crl-14247 230 7 generalizations generalization NOUN crl-14247 230 8 about about ADP crl-14247 230 9 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 230 10 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 230 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 230 12 but but CCONJ crl-14247 230 13 it it PRON crl-14247 230 14 certainly certainly ADV crl-14247 230 15 provides provide VERB crl-14247 230 16 readier readier ADJ crl-14247 230 17 access access NOUN crl-14247 230 18 to to ADP crl-14247 230 19 useful useful ADJ crl-14247 230 20 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 230 21 than than SCONJ crl-14247 230 22 could could AUX crl-14247 230 23 be be AUX crl-14247 230 24 obtained obtain VERB crl-14247 230 25 from from ADP crl-14247 230 26 a a DET crl-14247 230 27 survey survey NOUN crl-14247 230 28 of of ADP crl-14247 230 29 the the DET crl-14247 230 30 primary primary ADJ crl-14247 230 31 research research NOUN crl-14247 230 32 in in ADP crl-14247 230 33 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 230 34 science science NOUN crl-14247 230 35 journals journal NOUN crl-14247 230 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 231 1 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14247 231 2 of of ADP crl-14247 231 3 the the DET crl-14247 231 4 several several ADJ crl-14247 231 5 main main ADJ crl-14247 231 6 approaches approach NOUN crl-14247 231 7 to to PART crl-14247 231 8 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 231 9 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 231 10 along along ADP crl-14247 231 11 the the DET crl-14247 231 12 foregoing forego VERB crl-14247 231 13 lines line NOUN crl-14247 231 14 leads lead VERB crl-14247 231 15 to to ADP crl-14247 231 16 the the DET crl-14247 231 17 inevitable inevitable ADJ crl-14247 231 18 conclusion conclusion NOUN crl-14247 231 19 that that SCONJ crl-14247 231 20 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 231 21 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 231 22 is be AUX crl-14247 231 23 not not PART crl-14247 231 24 an an DET crl-14247 231 25 effective effective ADJ crl-14247 231 26 field field NOUN crl-14247 231 27 . . PUNCT crl-14247 232 1 however however ADV crl-14247 232 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 232 3 this this PRON crl-14247 232 4 does do AUX crl-14247 232 5 notrequire notrequire VERB crl-14247 232 6 us we PRON crl-14247 232 7 to to PART crl-14247 232 8 assume assume VERB crl-14247 232 9 that that SCONJ crl-14247 232 10 nothing nothing PRON crl-14247 232 11 can can AUX crl-14247 232 12 be be AUX crl-14247 232 13 done do VERB crl-14247 232 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 232 15 through through ADP crl-14247 232 16 deliberate deliberate ADJ crl-14247 232 17 plan plan NOUN crl-14247 232 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 232 19 to to PART crl-14247 232 20 improve improve VERB crl-14247 232 21 the the DET crl-14247 232 22 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 232 23 process process NOUN crl-14247 232 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 233 1 it it PRON crl-14247 233 2 seems seem VERB crl-14247 233 3 reasonable reasonable ADJ crl-14247 233 4 to to PART crl-14247 233 5 expect expect VERB crl-14247 233 6 that that SCONJ crl-14247 233 7 real real ADJ crl-14247 233 8 improvements improvement NOUN crl-14247 233 9 can can AUX crl-14247 233 10 be be AUX crl-14247 233 11 achieved achieve VERB crl-14247 233 12 through through ADP crl-14247 233 13 a a DET crl-14247 233 14 good good ADJ crl-14247 233 15 measure measure NOUN crl-14247 233 16 of of ADP crl-14247 233 17 inhouse inhouse NOUN crl-14247 233 18 experimentation experimentation NOUN crl-14247 233 19 and and CCONJ crl-14247 233 20 some some DET crl-14247 233 21 basic basic ADJ crl-14247 233 22 changes change NOUN crl-14247 233 23 in in ADP crl-14247 233 24 the the DET crl-14247 233 25 way way NOUN crl-14247 233 26 we we PRON crl-14247 233 27 deal deal VERB crl-14247 233 28 with with ADP crl-14247 233 29 unspoken unspoken ADJ crl-14247 233 30 assumptions assumption NOUN crl-14247 233 31 about about ADP crl-14247 233 32 our our PRON crl-14247 233 33 ability ability NOUN crl-14247 233 34 to to PART crl-14247 233 35 judge judge VERB crl-14247 233 36 the the DET crl-14247 233 37 work work NOUN crl-14247 233 38 of of ADP crl-14247 233 39 others other NOUN crl-14247 233 40 . . PUNCT crl-14247 234 1 unlike unlike ADP crl-14247 234 2 rater rater ADJ crl-14247 234 3 errors error NOUN crl-14247 234 4 in in ADP crl-14247 234 5 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 234 6 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 234 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 234 8 the the DET crl-14247 234 9 problems problem NOUN crl-14247 234 10 of of ADP crl-14247 234 11 in in ADP crl-14247 234 12 - - PUNCT crl-14247 234 13 house house NOUN crl-14247 234 14 experimentation experimentation NOUN crl-14247 234 15 are be AUX crl-14247 234 16 not not PART crl-14247 234 17 intractable intractable ADJ crl-14247 234 18 . . PUNCT crl-14247 235 1 the the DET crl-14247 235 2 sine sine NOUN crl-14247 235 3 qua qua CCONJ crl-14247 235 4 non non PROPN crl-14247 235 5 is be AUX crl-14247 235 6 ii ii PROPN crl-14247 235 7 double double ADJ crl-14247 235 8 - - PUNCT crl-14247 235 9 loop loop NOUN crl-14247 235 10 learning learning NOUN crl-14247 235 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 235 12 " " PUNCT crl-14247 235 13 87 87 NUM crl-14247 235 14 which which PRON crl-14247 235 15 occurs occur VERB crl-14247 235 16 when when SCONJ crl-14247 235 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 235 18 in in ADP crl-14247 235 19 order order NOUN crl-14247 235 20 to to PART crl-14247 235 21 deal deal VERB crl-14247 235 22 with with ADP crl-14247 235 23 error error NOUN crl-14247 235 24 , , PUNCT crl-14247 235 25 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 235 26 values value NOUN crl-14247 235 27 and and CCONJ crl-14247 235 28 tacit tacit ADJ crl-14247 235 29 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 235 30 are be AUX crl-14247 235 31 questioned question VERB crl-14247 235 32 and and CCONJ crl-14247 235 33 altered alter VERB crl-14247 235 34 . . PUNCT crl-14247 236 1 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 236 2 single single ADJ crl-14247 236 3 - - PUNCT crl-14247 236 4 loop loop NOUN crl-14247 236 5 learning learning NOUN crl-14247 236 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 236 7 by by ADP crl-14247 236 8 contrast contrast NOUN crl-14247 236 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 236 10 involves involve VERB crl-14247 236 11 the the DET crl-14247 236 12 detection detection NOUN crl-14247 236 13 of of ADP crl-14247 236 14 only only ADJ crl-14247 236 15 routine routine ADJ crl-14247 236 16 errors error NOUN crl-14247 236 17 that that PRON crl-14247 236 18 do do AUX crl-14247 236 19 not not PART crl-14247 236 20 upset upset VERB crl-14247 236 21 the the DET crl-14247 236 22 underlying underlie VERB crl-14247 236 23 values value NOUN crl-14247 236 24 of of ADP crl-14247 236 25 the the DET crl-14247 236 26 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 236 27 - - PUNCT crl-14247 236 28 inuse inuse NOUN crl-14247 236 29 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 236 30 . . PUNCT crl-14247 237 1 the the DET crl-14247 237 2 elusive elusive ADJ crl-14247 237 3 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 237 4 of of ADP crl-14247 237 5 in in ADP crl-14247 237 6 - - PUNCT crl-14247 237 7 house house NOUN crl-14247 237 8 experimentation experimentation NOUN crl-14247 237 9 has have AUX crl-14247 237 10 been be AUX crl-14247 237 11 called call VERB crl-14247 237 12 reflexive reflexive ADJ crl-14247 237 13 power power NOUN crl-14247 237 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 237 15 88 88 NUM crl-14247 237 16 or or CCONJ crl-14247 237 17 the the DET crl-14247 237 18 enlightenment enlightenment PROPN crl-14247 237 19 effect effect NOUN crl-14247 237 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 237 21 whereby whereby SCONJ crl-14247 237 22 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 237 23 of of ADP crl-14247 237 24 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 237 25 laws law NOUN crl-14247 237 26 can can AUX crl-14247 237 27 modify modify VERB crl-14247 237 28 or or CCONJ crl-14247 237 29 even even ADV crl-14247 237 30 nullify nullify VERB crl-14247 237 31 their their PRON crl-14247 237 32 impact impact NOUN crl-14247 237 33 on on ADP crl-14247 237 34 those those PRON crl-14247 237 35 who who PRON crl-14247 237 36 performance performance VERB crl-14247 237 37 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 237 38 447 447 NUM crl-14247 237 39 share share NOUN crl-14247 237 40 that that DET crl-14247 237 41 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 237 42 . . PUNCT crl-14247 238 1 119 119 NUM crl-14247 238 2 however however ADV crl-14247 238 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 238 4 discussions discussion NOUN crl-14247 238 5 in in ADP crl-14247 238 6 the the DET crl-14247 238 7 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 238 8 about about ADP crl-14247 238 9 the the DET crl-14247 238 10 enlightenment enlightenment PROPN crl-14247 238 11 effect effect NOUN crl-14247 238 12 are be AUX crl-14247 238 13 necessarily necessarily ADV crl-14247 238 14 abstract abstract ADJ crl-14247 238 15 because because SCONJ crl-14247 238 16 such such ADJ crl-14247 238 17 tacit tacit ADJ crl-14247 238 18 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 238 19 is be AUX crl-14247 238 20 ii ii PROPN crl-14247 238 21 a a DET crl-14247 238 22 - - PUNCT crl-14247 238 23 critical critical ADJ crl-14247 238 24 " " PUNCT crl-14247 238 25 90 90 NUM crl-14247 238 26 -it -it PROPN crl-14247 238 27 can can AUX crl-14247 238 28 not not PART crl-14247 238 29 be be AUX crl-14247 238 30 articulated articulate VERB crl-14247 238 31 expressly expressly ADV crl-14247 238 32 . . PUNCT crl-14247 239 1 thus thus ADV crl-14247 239 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 239 3 it it PRON crl-14247 239 4 does do AUX crl-14247 239 5 not not PART crl-14247 239 6 pass pass VERB crl-14247 239 7 easily easily ADV crl-14247 239 8 as as ADP crl-14247 239 9 public public ADJ crl-14247 239 10 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 239 11 or or CCONJ crl-14247 239 12 heuristic heuristic ADJ crl-14247 239 13 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 239 14 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 239 15 : : PUNCT crl-14247 239 16 even even ADV crl-14247 239 17 if if SCONJ crl-14247 239 18 we we PRON crl-14247 239 19 begin begin VERB crl-14247 239 20 to to PART crl-14247 239 21 have have VERB crl-14247 239 22 an an DET crl-14247 239 23 intuitive intuitive ADJ crl-14247 239 24 · · ADJ crl-14247 239 25 understanding understanding NOUN crl-14247 239 26 of of ADP crl-14247 239 27 an an DET crl-14247 239 28 organization organization NOUN crl-14247 239 29 's 's PART crl-14247 239 30 culture culture NOUN crl-14247 239 31 , , PUNCT crl-14247 239 32 we we PRON crl-14247 239 33 may may AUX crl-14247 239 34 find find VERB crl-14247 239 35 it it PRON crl-14247 239 36 extraordinarily extraordinarily ADV crl-14247 239 37 difficult difficult ADJ crl-14247 239 38 to to PART crl-14247 239 39 write write VERB crl-14247 239 40 down down ADP crl-14247 239 41 that that DET crl-14247 239 42 understanding understanding NOUN crl-14247 239 43 in in ADP crl-14247 239 44 such such DET crl-14247 239 45 a a DET crl-14247 239 46 way way NOUN crl-14247 239 47 that that PRON crl-14247 239 48 the the DET crl-14247 239 49 essence essence NOUN crl-14247 239 50 of of ADP crl-14247 239 51 the the DET crl-14247 239 52 culture culture NOUN crl-14247 239 53 can can AUX crl-14247 239 54 be be AUX crl-14247 239 55 communicated communicate VERB crl-14247 239 56 to to ADP crl-14247 239 57 someone someone PRON crl-14247 239 58 else else ADV crl-14247 239 59 . . PUNCT crl-14247 239 60 . . PUNCT crl-14247 239 61 . . PUNCT crl-14247 239 62 . . PUNCT crl-14247 240 1 but but CCONJ crl-14247 240 2 when when SCONJ crl-14247 240 3 we we PRON crl-14247 240 4 see see VERB crl-14247 240 5 the the DET crl-14247 240 6 essence essence NOUN crl-14247 240 7 of of ADP crl-14247 240 8 a a DET crl-14247 240 9 culture culture NOUN crl-14247 240 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 240 11 the the DET crl-14247 240 12 paradigm paradigm NOUN crl-14247 240 13 by by ADP crl-14247 240 14 which which PRON crl-14247 240 15 people people NOUN crl-14247 240 16 operate operate VERB crl-14247 240 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 240 18 we we PRON crl-14247 240 19 are be AUX crl-14247 240 20 struck strike VERB crl-14247 240 21 by by ADP crl-14247 240 22 how how SCONJ crl-14247 240 23 powerful powerful ADJ crl-14247 240 24 our our PRON crl-14247 240 25 insight insight NOUN crl-14247 240 26 into into ADP crl-14247 240 27 that that DET crl-14247 240 28 organization organization NOUN crl-14247 240 29 now now ADV crl-14247 240 30 is be AUX crl-14247 240 31 , , PUNCT crl-14247 240 32 and and CCONJ crl-14247 240 33 we we PRON crl-14247 240 34 can can AUX crl-14247 240 35 see see VERB crl-14247 240 36 instantly instantly ADV crl-14247 240 37 why why SCONJ crl-14247 240 38 certain certain ADJ crl-14247 240 39 things thing NOUN crl-14247 240 40 work work VERB crl-14247 240 41 the the DET crl-14247 240 42 way way NOUN crl-14247 240 43 they they PRON crl-14247 240 44 do do VERB crl-14247 240 45 , , PUNCT crl-14247 240 46 why why SCONJ crl-14247 240 47 certain certain ADJ crl-14247 240 48 proposals proposal NOUN crl-14247 240 49 never never ADV crl-14247 240 50 get get AUX crl-14247 240 51 bought buy VERB crl-14247 240 52 , , PUNCT crl-14247 240 53 why why SCONJ crl-14247 240 54 change change NOUN crl-14247 240 55 is be AUX crl-14247 240 56 so so ADV crl-14247 240 57 difficult difficult ADJ crl-14247 240 58 , , PUNCT crl-14247 240 59 why why SCONJ crl-14247 240 60 certain certain ADJ crl-14247 240 61 people people NOUN crl-14247 240 62 leave leave VERB crl-14247 240 63 , , PUNCT crl-14247 240 64 and and CCONJ crl-14247 240 65 so so ADV crl-14247 240 66 on on ADV crl-14247 240 67 . . PUNCT crl-14247 240 68 . . PUNCT crl-14247 240 69 . . PUNCT crl-14247 240 70 . . PUNCT crl-14247 241 1 it it PRON crl-14247 241 2 is be AUX crl-14247 241 3 the the DET crl-14247 241 4 search search NOUN crl-14247 241 5 for for ADP crl-14247 241 6 and and CCONJ crl-14247 241 7 the the DET crl-14247 241 8 occasional occasional ADJ crl-14247 241 9 finding finding NOUN crl-14247 241 10 of of ADP crl-14247 241 11 this this DET crl-14247 241 12 central central ADJ crl-14247 241 13 insight insight NOUN crl-14247 241 14 that that PRON crl-14247 241 15 makes make VERB crl-14247 241 16 it it PRON crl-14247 241 17 all all PRON crl-14247 241 18 worthwhile worthwhile ADJ crl-14247 241 19 .. .. PUNCT crl-14247 241 20 . . PUNCT crl-14247 242 1 even even ADV crl-14247 242 2 if if SCONJ crl-14247 242 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 242 4 in in ADP crl-14247 242 5 the the DET crl-14247 242 6 end end NOUN crl-14247 242 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 242 8 we we PRON crl-14247 242 9 can can AUX crl-14247 242 10 share share VERB crl-14247 242 11 it it PRON crl-14247 242 12 only only ADV crl-14247 242 13 with with ADP crl-14247 242 14 colleagues colleague NOUN crl-14247 242 15 . . PUNCT crl-14247 243 1 91 91 NUM crl-14247 243 2 in in ADP crl-14247 243 3 brief brief ADJ crl-14247 243 4 summary summary NOUN crl-14247 243 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 243 6 perhaps perhaps ADV crl-14247 243 7 an an DET crl-14247 243 8 appropriate appropriate ADJ crl-14247 243 9 skepticism skepticism NOUN crl-14247 243 10 of of ADP crl-14247 243 11 the the DET crl-14247 243 12 approaches approach NOUN crl-14247 243 13 to to PART crl-14247 243 14 performance performance VERB crl-14247 243 15 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 243 16 other other ADJ crl-14247 243 17 than than ADP crl-14247 243 18 in in ADP crl-14247 243 19 - - PUNCT crl-14247 243 20 house house NOUN crl-14247 243 21 experimentation experimentation NOUN crl-14247 243 22 is be AUX crl-14247 243 23 the the DET crl-14247 243 24 comedian comedian NOUN crl-14247 243 25 's 's PART crl-14247 243 26 dictum dictum NOUN crl-14247 243 27 , , PUNCT crl-14247 243 28 " " PUNCT crl-14247 243 29 it it PRON crl-14247 243 30 is be AUX crl-14247 243 31 n't not PART crl-14247 243 32 ignorance ignorance NOUN crl-14247 243 33 that that PRON crl-14247 243 34 does do VERB crl-14247 243 35 the the DET crl-14247 243 36 most most ADJ crl-14247 243 37 damage damage NOUN crl-14247 243 38 , , PUNCT crl-14247 243 39 it it PRON crl-14247 243 40 's be AUX crl-14247 243 41 knowing know VERB crl-14247 243 42 for for ADP crl-14247 243 43 sure sure ADJ crl-14247 243 44 so so ADV crl-14247 243 45 much much ADJ crl-14247 243 46 that that PRON crl-14247 243 47 is be AUX crl-14247 243 48 n't not PART crl-14247 243 49 so so ADV crl-14247 243 50 . . PUNCT crl-14247 243 51 " " PUNCT crl-14247 244 1 these these DET crl-14247 244 2 approaches approach NOUN crl-14247 244 3 involve involve VERB crl-14247 244 4 only only ADV crl-14247 244 5 ii ii PROPN crl-14247 244 6 single single ADJ crl-14247 244 7 - - PUNCT crl-14247 244 8 loop loop NOUN crl-14247 244 9 learning learning NOUN crl-14247 244 10 " " PUNCT crl-14247 244 11 and and CCONJ crl-14247 244 12 do do AUX crl-14247 244 13 not not PART crl-14247 244 14 have have VERB crl-14247 244 15 the the DET crl-14247 244 16 capacity capacity NOUN crl-14247 244 17 to to PART crl-14247 244 18 detect detect VERB crl-14247 244 19 and and CCONJ crl-14247 244 20 deal deal VERB crl-14247 244 21 with with ADP crl-14247 244 22 basic basic ADJ crl-14247 244 23 error error NOUN crl-14247 244 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 245 1 in in ADP crl-14247 245 2 - - PUNCT crl-14247 245 3 house house NOUN crl-14247 245 4 experimentation experimentation NOUN crl-14247 245 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 245 6 by by ADP crl-14247 245 7 contrast contrast NOUN crl-14247 245 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 245 9 is be AUX crl-14247 245 10 a a DET crl-14247 245 11 way way NOUN crl-14247 245 12 of of ADP crl-14247 245 13 correcting correct VERB crl-14247 245 14 overlearning overlearning NOUN crl-14247 245 15 without without ADP crl-14247 245 16 overintellectualizing overintellectualize VERB crl-14247 245 17 the the DET crl-14247 245 18 problem problem NOUN crl-14247 245 19 . . PUNCT crl-14247 246 1 in in ADP crl-14247 246 2 using use VERB crl-14247 246 3 nonexperimental nonexperimental ADJ crl-14247 246 4 approaches approach NOUN crl-14247 246 5 we we PRON crl-14247 246 6 judge judge VERB crl-14247 246 7 the the DET crl-14247 246 8 work work NOUN crl-14247 246 9 and and CCONJ crl-14247 246 10 potential potential NOUN crl-14247 246 11 of of ADP crl-14247 246 12 others other NOUN crl-14247 246 13 with with ADP crl-14247 246 14 a a DET crl-14247 246 15 set set NOUN crl-14247 246 16 of of ADP crl-14247 246 17 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 246 18 values value NOUN crl-14247 246 19 and and CCONJ crl-14247 246 20 tacit tacit ADJ crl-14247 246 21 theories theory NOUN crl-14247 246 22 - - PUNCT crl-14247 246 23 in in ADP crl-14247 246 24 - - PUNCT crl-14247 246 25 use use NOUN crl-14247 246 26 . . PUNCT crl-14247 247 1 these these DET crl-14247 247 2 may may AUX crl-14247 247 3 or or CCONJ crl-14247 247 4 may may AUX crl-14247 247 5 not not PART crl-14247 247 6 be be AUX crl-14247 247 7 accurate accurate ADJ crl-14247 247 8 or or CCONJ crl-14247 247 9 corrigible corrigible ADJ crl-14247 247 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 247 11 but but CCONJ crl-14247 247 12 most most ADJ crl-14247 247 13 organizations organization NOUN crl-14247 247 14 have have AUX crl-14247 247 15 never never ADV crl-14247 247 16 thought think VERB crl-14247 247 17 through through ADP crl-14247 247 18 what what PRON crl-14247 247 19 they they PRON crl-14247 247 20 regard regard VERB crl-14247 247 21 to to PART crl-14247 247 22 be be AUX crl-14247 247 23 desirable desirable ADJ crl-14247 247 24 about about ADP crl-14247 247 25 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 247 26 traits trait NOUN crl-14247 247 27 and and CCONJ crl-14247 247 28 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 247 29 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 247 30 , , PUNCT crl-14247 247 31 what what DET crl-14247 247 32 relative relative ADJ crl-14247 247 33 importance importance NOUN crl-14247 247 34 they they PRON crl-14247 247 35 give give VERB crl-14247 247 36 to to ADP crl-14247 247 37 the the DET crl-14247 247 38 various various ADJ crl-14247 247 39 values value NOUN crl-14247 247 40 they they PRON crl-14247 247 41 hold hold VERB crl-14247 247 42 , , PUNCT crl-14247 247 43 or or CCONJ crl-14247 247 44 how how SCONJ crl-14247 247 45 these these DET crl-14247 247 46 values value NOUN crl-14247 247 47 can can AUX crl-14247 247 48 be be AUX crl-14247 247 49 incorporated incorporate VERB crl-14247 247 50 into into ADP crl-14247 247 51 the the DET crl-14247 247 52 current current ADJ crl-14247 247 53 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 247 54 system system NOUN crl-14247 247 55 . . PUNCT crl-14247 248 1 we we PRON crl-14247 248 2 would would AUX crl-14247 248 3 be be AUX crl-14247 248 4 better well ADJ crl-14247 248 5 off off ADP crl-14247 248 6 if if SCONJ crl-14247 248 7 we we PRON crl-14247 248 8 made make VERB crl-14247 248 9 a a DET crl-14247 248 10 serious serious ADJ crl-14247 248 11 endeavor endeavor NOUN crl-14247 248 12 to to PART crl-14247 248 13 assess assess VERB crl-14247 248 14 and and CCONJ crl-14247 248 15 experiment experiment NOUN crl-14247 248 16 with with ADP crl-14247 248 17 our our PRON crl-14247 248 18 theories theory NOUN crl-14247 248 19 - - PUNCT crl-14247 248 20 in in ADP crl-14247 248 21 - - PUNCT crl-14247 248 22 use use NOUN crl-14247 248 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 248 24 starting start VERB crl-14247 248 25 with with ADP crl-14247 248 26 more more ADJ crl-14247 248 27 doubts doubt NOUN crl-14247 248 28 about about ADP crl-14247 248 29 what what PRON crl-14247 248 30 we we PRON crl-14247 248 31 know know VERB crl-14247 248 32 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 248 33 for for ADP crl-14247 248 34 sure sure ADJ crl-14247 248 35 . . PUNCT crl-14247 248 36 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 249 1 448 448 NUM crl-14247 249 2 college college PROPN crl-14247 249 3 & & CCONJ crl-14247 249 4 research research PROPN crl-14247 249 5 libraries library NOUN crl-14247 249 6 september september PROPN crl-14247 249 7 1986 1986 NUM crl-14247 249 8 references reference NOUN crl-14247 249 9 1 1 NUM crl-14247 249 10 . . PROPN crl-14247 249 11 thomas thomas PROPN crl-14247 249 12 decotiis decotiis PROPN crl-14247 249 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 249 14 " " PUNCT crl-14247 249 15 an an DET crl-14247 249 16 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14247 249 17 of of ADP crl-14247 249 18 the the DET crl-14247 249 19 external external ADJ crl-14247 249 20 validity validity NOUN crl-14247 249 21 and and CCONJ crl-14247 249 22 applied apply VERB crl-14247 249 23 relevance relevance NOUN crl-14247 249 24 of of ADP crl-14247 249 25 three three NUM crl-14247 249 26 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 249 27 formats format NOUN crl-14247 249 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 249 29 " " PUNCT crl-14247 249 30 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 249 31 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 249 32 and and CCONJ crl-14247 249 33 human human ADJ crl-14247 249 34 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 249 35 19:265 19:265 NUM crl-14247 249 36 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 249 37 aug aug PROPN crl-14247 249 38 . . PROPN crl-14247 249 39 1977 1977 NUM crl-14247 249 40 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 249 41 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 249 42 jeffrey jeffrey PROPN crl-14247 249 43 kane kane PROPN crl-14247 249 44 and and CCONJ crl-14247 249 45 edward edward PROPN crl-14247 249 46 lawler lawler PROPN crl-14247 249 47 iii iii PROPN crl-14247 249 48 , , PUNCT crl-14247 249 49 " " PUNCT crl-14247 249 50 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 249 51 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 249 52 : : PUNCT crl-14247 249 53 its its PRON crl-14247 249 54 assessment assessment NOUN crl-14247 249 55 and and CCONJ crl-14247 249 56 determinants determinant NOUN crl-14247 249 57 , , PUNCT crl-14247 249 58 " " PUNCT crl-14247 249 59 in in ADP crl-14247 249 60 research research NOUN crl-14247 249 61 in in ADP crl-14247 249 62 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 249 63 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 249 64 : : PUNCT crl-14247 249 65 an an DET crl-14247 249 66 annual annual ADJ crl-14247 249 67 series series NOUN crl-14247 249 68 of of ADP crl-14247 249 69 analytical analytical ADJ crl-14247 249 70 essays essay NOUN crl-14247 249 71 and and CCONJ crl-14247 249 72 critical critical ADJ crl-14247 249 73 reviews review NOUN crl-14247 249 74 , , PUNCT crl-14247 249 75 ed ed NOUN crl-14247 249 76 . . PUNCT crl-14247 249 77 by by ADP crl-14247 249 78 barry barry PROPN crl-14247 249 79 staw staw PROPN crl-14247 249 80 , , PUNCT crl-14247 249 81 v.1 v.1 PROPN crl-14247 249 82 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 249 83 greenwich greenwich PROPN crl-14247 249 84 , , PUNCT crl-14247 249 85 conn conn PROPN crl-14247 249 86 . . PROPN crl-14247 249 87 : : PUNCT crl-14247 249 88 jai jai PROPN crl-14247 249 89 press press PROPN crl-14247 249 90 , , PUNCT crl-14247 249 91 1979 1979 NUM crl-14247 249 92 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 249 93 , , PUNCT crl-14247 249 94 p.456 p.456 PROPN crl-14247 249 95 - - SYM crl-14247 249 96 58 58 NUM crl-14247 249 97 . . NUM crl-14247 249 98 2 2 X crl-14247 249 99 . . X crl-14247 249 100 douglas douglas PROPN crl-14247 249 101 mcgregor mcgregor PROPN crl-14247 249 102 , , PUNCT crl-14247 249 103 " " PUNCT crl-14247 249 104 an an DET crl-14247 249 105 uneasy uneasy ADJ crl-14247 249 106 look look NOUN crl-14247 249 107 at at ADP crl-14247 249 108 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 249 109 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 249 110 , , PUNCT crl-14247 249 111 " " PUNCT crl-14247 249 112 harvard harvard NOUN crl-14247 249 113 business business NOUN crl-14247 249 114 review review NOUN crl-14247 249 115 53:89 53:89 NUM crl-14247 249 116 - - SYM crl-14247 249 117 94 94 NUM crl-14247 249 118 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 249 119 may may PROPN crl-14247 249 120 - - PUNCT crl-14247 249 121 june june PROPN crl-14247 249 122 1957 1957 NUM crl-14247 249 123 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 249 124 . . PUNCT crl-14247 250 1 3 3 X crl-14247 250 2 . . PROPN crl-14247 250 3 dimitry dimitry PROPN crl-14247 250 4 berkner berkner PROPN crl-14247 250 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 250 6 " " PUNCT crl-14247 250 7 library library NOUN crl-14247 250 8 staff staff NOUN crl-14247 250 9 development development NOUN crl-14247 250 10 through through ADP crl-14247 250 11 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 250 12 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 250 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 250 14 " " PUNCT crl-14247 250 15 college college NOUN crl-14247 250 16 and and CCONJ crl-14247 250 17 research research NOUN crl-14247 250 18 libraries library NOUN crl-14247 250 19 40:335 40:335 NUM crl-14247 250 20 - - SYM crl-14247 250 21 44 44 NUM crl-14247 250 22 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 250 23 july july PROPN crl-14247 250 24 1979 1979 NUM crl-14247 250 25 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 250 26 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 250 27 g g PROPN crl-14247 250 28 . . PUNCT crl-14247 251 1 edward edward PROPN crl-14247 251 2 evans evans PROPN crl-14247 251 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 251 4 management management NOUN crl-14247 251 5 techniques technique NOUN crl-14247 251 6 for for ADP crl-14247 251 7 librarians librarian NOUN crl-14247 251 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 251 9 2d 2d NUM crl-14247 251 10 ed ed NOUN crl-14247 251 11 . . PUNCT crl-14247 252 1 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 252 2 new new PROPN crl-14247 252 3 york york PROPN crl-14247 252 4 : : PUNCT crl-14247 252 5 academic academic ADJ crl-14247 252 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 7 1983 1983 NUM crl-14247 252 8 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 252 9 p.211 p.211 NOUN crl-14247 252 10 - - SYM crl-14247 252 11 43 43 NUM crl-14247 252 12 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 252 13 david david PROPN crl-14247 252 14 kaser kaser PROPN crl-14247 252 15 and and CCONJ crl-14247 252 16 ruth ruth PROPN crl-14247 252 17 jackson jackson PROPN crl-14247 252 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 19 " " PUNCT crl-14247 252 20 a a DET crl-14247 252 21 century century NOUN crl-14247 252 22 of of ADP crl-14247 252 23 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 252 24 concerns concern NOUN crl-14247 252 25 in in ADP crl-14247 252 26 libraries library NOUN crl-14247 252 27 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 28 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 252 29 in in ADP crl-14247 252 30 a a DET crl-14247 252 31 century century NOUN crl-14247 252 32 of of ADP crl-14247 252 33 service service NOUN crl-14247 252 34 : : PUNCT crl-14247 252 35 librarianship librarianship NOUN crl-14247 252 36 in in ADP crl-14247 252 37 the the DET crl-14247 252 38 united united PROPN crl-14247 252 39 states states PROPN crl-14247 252 40 and and CCONJ crl-14247 252 41 canada canada PROPN crl-14247 252 42 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 43 ed ed PROPN crl-14247 252 44 . . PUNCT crl-14247 252 45 by by ADP crl-14247 252 46 sidney sidney PROPN crl-14247 252 47 l. l. PROPN crl-14247 252 48 jackson jackson PROPN crl-14247 252 49 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 50 eleanor eleanor PROPN crl-14247 252 51 b. b. PROPN crl-14247 252 52 herling herling PROPN crl-14247 252 53 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 54 and and CCONJ crl-14247 252 55 e. e. PROPN crl-14247 252 56 j. j. PROPN crl-14247 252 57 josey josey PROPN crl-14247 252 58 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 252 59 chicago chicago PROPN crl-14247 252 60 : : PUNCT crl-14247 252 61 american american PROPN crl-14247 252 62 library library PROPN crl-14247 252 63 assn assn PROPN crl-14247 252 64 . . PUNCT crl-14247 252 65 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 66 1976 1976 NUM crl-14247 252 67 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 252 68 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 69 p.129 p.129 PROPN crl-14247 252 70 - - SYM crl-14247 252 71 45 45 NUM crl-14247 252 72 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 252 73 h. h. PROPN crl-14247 252 74 r. r. PROPN crl-14247 252 75 kroll kroll PROPN crl-14247 252 76 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 77 " " PUNCT crl-14247 252 78 beyond beyond ADP crl-14247 252 79 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-14247 252 80 : : PUNCT crl-14247 252 81 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 252 82 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 252 83 as as ADP crl-14247 252 84 a a DET crl-14247 252 85 planning planning NOUN crl-14247 252 86 and and CCONJ crl-14247 252 87 motivational motivational ADJ crl-14247 252 88 tool tool NOUN crl-14247 252 89 in in ADP crl-14247 252 90 libraries library NOUN crl-14247 252 91 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 92 " " PUNCT crl-14247 252 93 journal journal NOUN crl-14247 252 94 of of ADP crl-14247 252 95 academic academic ADJ crl-14247 252 96 librarianship librarianship NOUN crl-14247 252 97 9:27 9:27 NUM crl-14247 252 98 - - SYM crl-14247 252 99 32 32 NUM crl-14247 252 100 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 252 101 mar mar PROPN crl-14247 252 102 . . PROPN crl-14247 252 103 1983 1983 NUM crl-14247 252 104 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 252 105 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 252 106 murray murray PROPN crl-14247 252 107 s. s. PROPN crl-14247 252 108 martin martin PROPN crl-14247 252 109 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 110 issues issue NOUN crl-14247 252 111 in in ADP crl-14247 252 112 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 252 113 management management NOUN crl-14247 252 114 in in ADP crl-14247 252 115 academic academic ADJ crl-14247 252 116 libraries library NOUN crl-14247 252 117 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 252 118 greenwich greenwich PROPN crl-14247 252 119 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 120 conn conn PROPN crl-14247 252 121 . . PROPN crl-14247 252 122 : : PUNCT crl-14247 252 123 jai jai PROPN crl-14247 252 124 press press PROPN crl-14247 252 125 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 126 1981 1981 NUM crl-14247 252 127 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 252 128 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 129 p.153 p.153 PROPN crl-14247 252 130 - - SYM crl-14247 252 131 57 57 NUM crl-14247 252 132 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 252 133 maxine maxine NOUN crl-14247 252 134 reneker reneker NOUN crl-14247 252 135 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 136 " " PUNCT crl-14247 252 137 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 252 138 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 252 139 in in ADP crl-14247 252 140 libraries library NOUN crl-14247 252 141 : : PUNCT crl-14247 252 142 purpose purpose NOUN crl-14247 252 143 and and CCONJ crl-14247 252 144 techniques technique NOUN crl-14247 252 145 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 146 " " PUNCT crl-14247 252 147 in in ADP crl-14247 252 148 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 252 149 administration administration NOUN crl-14247 252 150 in in ADP crl-14247 252 151 libraries library NOUN crl-14247 252 152 , , PUNCT crl-14247 252 153 ed ed NOUN crl-14247 252 154 . . PUNCT crl-14247 253 1 by by ADP crl-14247 253 2 sheila sheila PROPN crl-14247 253 3 creth creth PROPN crl-14247 253 4 and and CCONJ crl-14247 253 5 frederick frederick PROPN crl-14247 253 6 duda duda PROPN crl-14247 253 7 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 253 8 new new PROPN crl-14247 253 9 york york PROPN crl-14247 253 10 : : PUNCT crl-14247 253 11 neal neal NOUN crl-14247 253 12 - - PUNCT crl-14247 253 13 schuman schuman PROPN crl-14247 253 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 253 15 1981 1981 NUM crl-14247 253 16 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 253 17 p p NOUN crl-14247 253 18 .227 .227 NUM crl-14247 253 19 - - SYM crl-14247 253 20 89 89 NUM crl-14247 253 21 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 253 22 herbert herbert PROPN crl-14247 253 23 s. s. PROPN crl-14247 253 24 white white PROPN crl-14247 253 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 253 26 library library NOUN crl-14247 253 27 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 253 28 management management NOUN crl-14247 253 29 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 253 30 white white ADJ crl-14247 253 31 plains plain NOUN crl-14247 253 32 , , PUNCT crl-14247 253 33 n.y n.y PROPN crl-14247 253 34 . . PROPN crl-14247 253 35 : : PUNCT crl-14247 253 36 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 253 37 industry industry NOUN crl-14247 253 38 pub pub NOUN crl-14247 253 39 . . PUNCT crl-14247 253 40 , , PUNCT crl-14247 253 41 1985 1985 NUM crl-14247 253 42 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 253 43 , , PUNCT crl-14247 253 44 p p NOUN crl-14247 253 45 .123 .123 NUM crl-14247 253 46 - - SYM crl-14247 253 47 38 38 NUM crl-14247 253 48 . . NUM crl-14247 253 49 · · PUNCT crl-14247 253 50 4 4 X crl-14247 253 51 . . PROPN crl-14247 253 52 philip philip PROPN crl-14247 253 53 mirvis mirvis PROPN crl-14247 253 54 and and CCONJ crl-14247 253 55 edward edward PROPN crl-14247 253 56 hackett hackett PROPN crl-14247 253 57 , , PUNCT crl-14247 253 58 " " PUNCT crl-14247 253 59 work work VERB crl-14247 253 60 and and CCONJ crl-14247 253 61 work work NOUN crl-14247 253 62 force force NOUN crl-14247 253 63 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14247 253 64 in in ADP crl-14247 253 65 the the DET crl-14247 253 66 nonprofit nonprofit ADJ crl-14247 253 67 sector sector NOUN crl-14247 253 68 , , PUNCT crl-14247 253 69 " " PUNCT crl-14247 253 70 monthly monthly ADJ crl-14247 253 71 labor labor NOUN crl-14247 253 72 review review NOUN crl-14247 253 73 15:3 15:3 NUM crl-14247 253 74 - - SYM crl-14247 253 75 12 12 NUM crl-14247 253 76 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 253 77 apr apr NOUN crl-14247 253 78 . . PUNCT crl-14247 253 79 1983 1983 NUM crl-14247 253 80 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 253 81 . . PUNCT crl-14247 254 1 5 5 X crl-14247 254 2 . . X crl-14247 254 3 peter peter PROPN crl-14247 254 4 f. f. PROPN crl-14247 254 5 drucker drucker PROPN crl-14247 254 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 254 7 the the DET crl-14247 254 8 age age NOUN crl-14247 254 9 of of ADP crl-14247 254 10 discontinuity discontinuity NOUN crl-14247 254 11 : : PUNCT crl-14247 254 12 guidelines guideline NOUN crl-14247 254 13 to to ADP crl-14247 254 14 our our PRON crl-14247 254 15 changing change VERB crl-14247 254 16 society society NOUN crl-14247 254 17 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 254 18 new new PROPN crl-14247 254 19 york york PROPN crl-14247 254 20 : : PUNCT crl-14247 254 21 harper harper NOUN crl-14247 254 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 254 23 1969 1969 NUM crl-14247 254 24 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 254 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 255 1 6 6 X crl-14247 255 2 . . X crl-14247 255 3 kim kim PROPN crl-14247 255 4 cameron cameron PROPN crl-14247 255 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 255 6 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 255 7 critical critical ADJ crl-14247 255 8 questions question NOUN crl-14247 255 9 in in ADP crl-14247 255 10 assessing assess VERB crl-14247 255 11 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 255 12 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN crl-14247 255 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 255 14 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 255 15 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 255 16 dynamics dynamic NOUN crl-14247 255 17 9:66 9:66 NUM crl-14247 255 18 - - PUNCT crl-14247 255 19 80 80 NUM crl-14247 255 20 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 255 21 autumn autumn NOUN crl-14247 255 22 1980 1980 NUM crl-14247 255 23 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 255 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 256 1 7 7 X crl-14247 256 2 . . X crl-14247 256 3 randall randall PROPN crl-14247 256 4 schuler schuler NOUN crl-14247 256 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 256 6 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 256 7 and and CCONJ crl-14247 256 8 human human ADJ crl-14247 256 9 resources resource NOUN crl-14247 256 10 management management NOUN crl-14247 256 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 256 12 rev rev PROPN crl-14247 256 13 . . PROPN crl-14247 256 14 ed ed PROPN crl-14247 256 15 . . PUNCT crl-14247 257 1 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 257 2 n n X crl-14247 257 3 ~ ~ PUNCT crl-14247 257 4 w w PROPN crl-14247 257 5 york york PROPN crl-14247 257 6 : : PUNCT crl-14247 257 7 west west PROPN crl-14247 257 8 pub pub PROPN crl-14247 257 9 . . PROPN crl-14247 257 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 257 11 1984 1984 NUM crl-14247 257 12 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 257 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 257 14 p.271 p.271 NOUN crl-14247 257 15 - - SYM crl-14247 257 16 79 79 NUM crl-14247 257 17 . . NUM crl-14247 257 18 8 8 X crl-14247 257 19 . . X crl-14247 258 1 elaine elaine ADJ crl-14247 258 2 gruenfeld gruenfeld PROPN crl-14247 258 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 258 4 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 258 5 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 258 6 : : PUNCT crl-14247 258 7 promise promise NOUN crl-14247 258 8 and and CCONJ crl-14247 258 9 peril peril NOUN crl-14247 258 10 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 258 11 ithaca ithaca PROPN crl-14247 258 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 258 13 n.y n.y PROPN crl-14247 258 14 . . PROPN crl-14247 258 15 : : PUNCT crl-14247 258 16 new new PROPN crl-14247 258 17 york york PROPN crl-14247 258 18 state state PROPN crl-14247 258 19 school school PROPN crl-14247 258 20 of of ADP crl-14247 258 21 industrial industrial ADJ crl-14247 258 22 and and CCONJ crl-14247 258 23 labor labor NOUN crl-14247 258 24 relations relation NOUN crl-14247 258 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 258 26 cornell cornell PROPN crl-14247 258 27 univ univ PROPN crl-14247 258 28 . . PROPN crl-14247 258 29 , , PUNCT crl-14247 258 30 1981 1981 NUM crl-14247 258 31 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 258 32 , , PUNCT crl-14247 258 33 p.18 p.18 NOUN crl-14247 258 34 - - PUNCT crl-14247 258 35 20 20 NUM crl-14247 258 36 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 258 37 kane kane NOUN crl-14247 258 38 , , PUNCT crl-14247 258 39 " " PUNCT crl-14247 258 40 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 258 41 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 258 42 , , PUNCT crl-14247 258 43 " " PUNCT crl-14247 258 44 p.452 p.452 NOUN crl-14247 258 45 - - SYM crl-14247 258 46 54 54 NUM crl-14247 258 47 . . PUNCT crl-14247 259 1 9 9 X crl-14247 259 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 259 3 w. w. PROPN crl-14247 259 4 kirchner kirchner PROPN crl-14247 259 5 and and CCONJ crl-14247 259 6 d. d. PROPN crl-14247 259 7 reisberg reisberg PROPN crl-14247 259 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 259 9 " " PUNCT crl-14247 259 10 differences difference NOUN crl-14247 259 11 between between ADP crl-14247 259 12 better well ADJ crl-14247 259 13 and and CCONJ crl-14247 259 14 less less ADV crl-14247 259 15 effective effective ADJ crl-14247 259 16 supervisors supervisor NOUN crl-14247 259 17 in in ADP crl-14247 259 18 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 259 19 of of ADP crl-14247 259 20 subordinates subordinate NOUN crl-14247 259 21 , , PUNCT crl-14247 259 22 " " PUNCT crl-14247 259 23 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 259 24 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 259 25 15:295 15:295 NUM crl-14247 259 26 - - PUNCT crl-14247 259 27 302 302 NUM crl-14247 259 28 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 259 29 autumn autumn NOUN crl-14247 259 30 1962 1962 NUM crl-14247 259 31 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 259 32 . . PUNCT crl-14247 260 1 10 10 X crl-14247 260 2 . . X crl-14247 261 1 gruenfeld gruenfeld NOUN crl-14247 261 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 261 3 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 261 4 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 261 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 261 6 p.10 p.10 NOUN crl-14247 261 7 - - SYM crl-14247 261 8 13 13 NUM crl-14247 261 9 . . NUM crl-14247 261 10 11 11 NUM crl-14247 261 11 . . PUNCT crl-14247 262 1 wayne wayne PROPN crl-14247 262 2 cascio cascio PROPN crl-14247 262 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 262 4 john john PROPN crl-14247 262 5 bernardin bernardin PROPN crl-14247 262 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 262 7 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 262 8 implications implication NOUN crl-14247 262 9 of of ADP crl-14247 262 10 perf0rmance perf0rmance NOUN crl-14247 262 11 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 262 12 litigation litigation NOUN crl-14247 262 13 for for ADP crl-14247 262 14 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 262 15 decisions decision NOUN crl-14247 262 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 262 17 " " PUNCT crl-14247 262 18 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 262 19 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 262 20 34:215 34:215 NUM crl-14247 262 21 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 262 22 summer summer NOUN crl-14247 262 23 1981 1981 NUM crl-14247 262 24 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 262 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 263 1 12 12 NUM crl-14247 263 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 264 1 walter walter PROPN crl-14247 264 2 borman borman PROPN crl-14247 264 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 264 4 " " PUNCT crl-14247 264 5 consistency consistency NOUN crl-14247 264 6 of of ADP crl-14247 264 7 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 264 8 accuracy accuracy NOUN crl-14247 264 9 and and CCONJ crl-14247 264 10 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 264 11 errors error NOUN crl-14247 264 12 in in ADP crl-14247 264 13 the the DET crl-14247 264 14 judgment judgment NOUN crl-14247 264 15 of of ADP crl-14247 264 16 human human ADJ crl-14247 264 17 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 264 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 264 19 " " PUNCT crl-14247 264 20 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 264 21 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 264 22 and and CCONJ crl-14247 264 23 human human ADJ crl-14247 264 24 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 264 25 20:238 20:238 NUM crl-14247 264 26 - - SYM crl-14247 264 27 52 52 NUM crl-14247 264 28 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 264 29 dec dec PROPN crl-14247 264 30 . . PROPN crl-14247 264 31 1977 1977 NUM crl-14247 264 32 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 264 33 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 264 34 robert robert PROPN crl-14247 264 35 holzbach holzbach PROPN crl-14247 264 36 , , PUNCT crl-14247 264 37 " " PUNCT crl-14247 264 38 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 264 39 bias bias NOUN crl-14247 264 40 in in ADP crl-14247 264 41 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 264 42 ratings rating NOUN crl-14247 264 43 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 264 44 superior superior ADJ crl-14247 264 45 , , PUNCT crl-14247 264 46 self- self- NUM crl-14247 264 47 , , PUNCT crl-14247 264 48 and and CCONJ crl-14247 264 49 peer peer NOUN crl-14247 264 50 ratings rating NOUN crl-14247 264 51 , , PUNCT crl-14247 264 52 " " PUNCT crl-14247 264 53 journal journal NOUN crl-14247 264 54 of of ADP crl-14247 264 55 applied apply VERB crl-14247 264 56 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 264 57 63:579 63:579 PROPN crl-14247 264 58 - - SYM crl-14247 264 59 88 88 NUM crl-14247 264 60 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 264 61 nov nov PROPN crl-14247 264 62 . . PROPN crl-14247 264 63 1978 1978 NUM crl-14247 264 64 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 264 65 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 264 66 william william PROPN crl-14247 264 67 scott scott PROPN crl-14247 264 68 , , PUNCT crl-14247 264 69 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 264 70 the the DET crl-14247 264 71 influence influence NOUN crl-14247 264 72 of of ADP crl-14247 264 73 _ _ PUNCT crl-14247 264 74 variations variation NOUN crl-14247 264 75 in in ADP crl-14247 264 76 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 264 77 profiles profile NOUN crl-14247 264 78 on on ADP crl-14247 264 79 the the DET crl-14247 264 80 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 264 81 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-14247 264 82 process process NOUN crl-14247 264 83 : : PUNCT crl-14247 264 84 an an DET crl-14247 264 85 examination examination NOUN crl-14247 264 86 of of ADP crl-14247 264 87 the the DET crl-14247 264 88 validity validity NOUN crl-14247 264 89 of of ADP crl-14247 264 90 the the DET crl-14247 264 91 criterion criterion NOUN crl-14247 264 92 , , PUNCT crl-14247 264 93 " " PUNCT crl-14247 264 94 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 264 95 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 264 96 and and CCONJ crl-14247 264 97 human human ADJ crl-14247 264 98 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 264 99 14:360 14:360 NUM crl-14247 264 100 - - SYM crl-14247 264 101 70 70 NUM crl-14247 264 102 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 264 103 dec dec PROPN crl-14247 264 104 . . PROPN crl-14247 264 105 1975 1975 NUM crl-14247 264 106 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 264 107 . . PUNCT crl-14247 265 1 13 13 NUM crl-14247 265 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 266 1 walter walter PROPN crl-14247 266 2 borman borman PROPN crl-14247 266 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 266 4 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 266 5 effects effect NOUN crl-14247 266 6 of of ADP crl-14247 266 7 instructions instruction NOUN crl-14247 266 8 to to PART crl-14247 266 9 avoid avoid VERB crl-14247 266 10 halo halo PROPN crl-14247 266 11 error error NOUN crl-14247 266 12 on on ADP crl-14247 266 13 reliability reliability NOUN crl-14247 266 14 and and CCONJ crl-14247 266 15 validity validity NOUN crl-14247 266 16 of of ADP crl-14247 266 17 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 266 18 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-14247 266 19 ratings rating NOUN crl-14247 266 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 266 21 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 266 22 journal journal PROPN crl-14247 266 23 of of ADP crl-14247 266 24 applied apply VERB crl-14247 266 25 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 266 26 60:556 60:556 NUM crl-14247 266 27 - - SYM crl-14247 266 28 60 60 NUM crl-14247 266 29 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 266 30 may may AUX crl-14247 266 31 1975 1975 NUM crl-14247 266 32 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 266 33 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 266 34 holzbach holzbach NOUN crl-14247 266 35 , , PUNCT crl-14247 266 36 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 266 37 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 266 38 bias bias NOUN crl-14247 266 39 , , PUNCT crl-14247 266 40 " " PUNCT crl-14247 266 41 p.581 p.581 X crl-14247 266 42 . . PUNCT crl-14247 267 1 14 14 NUM crl-14247 267 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 268 1 borman borman NOUN crl-14247 268 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 268 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 268 4 effects effect NOUN crl-14247 268 5 of of ADP crl-14247 268 6 instructions instruction NOUN crl-14247 268 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 268 8 " " PUNCT crl-14247 268 9 p.557 p.557 X crl-14247 268 10 . . PROPN crl-14247 269 1 15 15 NUM crl-14247 269 2 . . X crl-14247 269 3 borman borman NOUN crl-14247 269 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 269 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 269 6 effects effect NOUN crl-14247 269 7 of of ADP crl-14247 269 8 instructions instruction NOUN crl-14247 269 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 269 10 " " PUNCT crl-14247 269 11 p.560 p.560 NUM crl-14247 269 12 . . PUNCT crl-14247 270 1 16 16 NUM crl-14247 270 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 271 1 walter walter PROPN crl-14247 271 2 borman borman PROPN crl-14247 271 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 271 4 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 271 5 exploring explore VERB crl-14247 271 6 upper upper ADJ crl-14247 271 7 limits limit NOUN crl-14247 271 8 of of ADP crl-14247 271 9 reliability reliability NOUN crl-14247 271 10 and and CCONJ crl-14247 271 11 validity validity NOUN crl-14247 271 12 in in ADP crl-14247 271 13 job job NOUN crl-14247 271 14 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 271 15 ratings rating NOUN crl-14247 271 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 271 17 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 271 18 journal journal PROPN crl-14247 271 19 of of ADP crl-14247 271 20 applied apply VERB crl-14247 271 21 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 271 22 63:142 63:142 NUM crl-14247 271 23 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 271 24 may may PROPN crl-14247 271 25 1978 1978 NUM crl-14247 271 26 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 271 27 . . PUNCT crl-14247 272 1 17 17 NUM crl-14247 272 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 272 3 gary gary PROPN crl-14247 272 4 latham latham PROPN crl-14247 272 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 272 6 larry larry PROPN crl-14247 272 7 cummings cumming VERB crl-14247 272 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 272 9 and and CCONJ crl-14247 272 10 terrence terrence PROPN crl-14247 272 11 mitchell mitchell PROPN crl-14247 272 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 272 13 " " PUNCT crl-14247 272 14 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 272 15 strategies strategy NOUN crl-14247 272 16 to to PART crl-14247 272 17 improve improve VERB crl-14247 272 18 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 272 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 272 20 " " PUNCT crl-14247 272 21 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 272 22 dynamics dynamic NOUN crl-14247 272 23 9:5 9:5 NUM crl-14247 272 24 - - SYM crl-14247 272 25 23 23 NUM crl-14247 272 26 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 272 27 winter winter NOUN crl-14247 272 28 1981 1981 NUM crl-14247 272 29 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 272 30 . . PUNCT crl-14247 273 1 terence terence NOUN crl-14247 273 2 mitchell mitchell PROPN crl-14247 273 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 273 4 robert robert PROPN crl-14247 273 5 wood wood PROPN crl-14247 273 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 273 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 273 8 supervisors supervisor NOUN crl-14247 273 9 ' ' PART crl-14247 273 10 responses response NOUN crl-14247 273 11 to to PART crl-14247 273 12 subordinate subordinate VERB crl-14247 273 13 poor poor ADJ crl-14247 273 14 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 273 15 : : PUNCT crl-14247 273 16 a a DET crl-14247 273 17 test test NOUN crl-14247 273 18 of of ADP crl-14247 273 19 an an DET crl-14247 273 20 attributional attributional ADJ crl-14247 273 21 model model NOUN crl-14247 273 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 273 23 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 273 24 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 273 25 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 273 26 and and CCONJ crl-14247 273 27 human human ADJ crl-14247 273 28 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 273 29 25:123 25:123 NOUN crl-14247 273 30 - - SYM crl-14247 273 31 38 38 NUM crl-14247 273 32 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 273 33 feb feb PROPN crl-14247 273 34 . . PUNCT crl-14247 273 35 1980 1980 NUM crl-14247 273 36 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 273 37 . . PUNCT crl-14247 274 1 18 18 NUM crl-14247 274 2 . . X crl-14247 274 3 latham latham PROPN crl-14247 274 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 274 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 274 6 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 274 7 strategies strategy NOUN crl-14247 274 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 274 9 " " PUNCT crl-14247 274 10 p.14 p.14 PRON crl-14247 274 11 . . PROPN crl-14247 274 12 19 19 NUM crl-14247 274 13 . . PUNCT crl-14247 275 1 mitchell mitchell PROPN crl-14247 275 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 275 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 275 4 supervisors supervisor NOUN crl-14247 275 5 ' ' PART crl-14247 275 6 responses response NOUN crl-14247 275 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 275 8 " " PUNCT crl-14247 275 9 p.138 p.138 PROPN crl-14247 275 10 . . PUNCT crl-14247 275 11 20 20 NUM crl-14247 275 12 . . PUNCT crl-14247 276 1 jess jess PROPN crl-14247 276 2 martin martin PROPN crl-14247 276 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 276 4 " " PUNCT crl-14247 276 5 staff staff NOUN crl-14247 276 6 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-14247 276 7 of of ADP crl-14247 276 8 supervisors supervisor NOUN crl-14247 276 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 276 10 " " PUNCT crl-14247 276 11 special special ADJ crl-14247 276 12 libraries library NOUN crl-14247 276 13 70:26 70:26 NUM crl-14247 276 14 - - SYM crl-14247 276 15 29 29 NUM crl-14247 276 16 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 276 17 jan jan PROPN crl-14247 276 18 . . PROPN crl-14247 276 19 1979 1979 NUM crl-14247 276 20 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 276 21 . . PUNCT crl-14247 277 1 21 21 NUM crl-14247 277 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 278 1 holzbach holzbach NOUN crl-14247 278 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 278 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 278 4 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 278 5 bias bias NOUN crl-14247 278 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 278 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 278 8 p.579 p.579 NOUN crl-14247 278 9 - - PUNCT crl-14247 278 10 88 88 NUM crl-14247 278 11 . . PUNCT crl-14247 279 1 benson benson PROPN crl-14247 279 2 rosen rosen PROPN crl-14247 279 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 279 4 thomas thomas PROPN crl-14247 279 5 jerdee jerdee PROPN crl-14247 279 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 279 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 279 8 sex sex NOUN crl-14247 279 9 stereotyping stereotyping NOUN crl-14247 279 10 in in ADP crl-14247 279 11 the the DET crl-14247 279 12 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 279 13 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 279 14 449 449 NUM crl-14247 279 15 executive executive ADJ crl-14247 279 16 suite suite NOUN crl-14247 279 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 279 18 " " PUNCT crl-14247 279 19 haroard haroard NOUN crl-14247 279 20 business business NOUN crl-14247 279 21 review review NOUN crl-14247 279 22 52:43 52:43 NUM crl-14247 279 23 - - SYM crl-14247 279 24 56 56 NUM crl-14247 279 25 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 279 26 mar.-apr mar.-apr X crl-14247 279 27 . . NUM crl-14247 279 28 1974 1974 NUM crl-14247 279 29 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 279 30 . . PUNCT crl-14247 280 1 22 22 NUM crl-14247 280 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 281 1 marsha marsha PROPN crl-14247 281 2 jacobson jacobson PROPN crl-14247 281 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 281 4 walter walter PROPN crl-14247 281 5 koch koch PROPN crl-14247 281 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 281 7 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 281 8 women woman NOUN crl-14247 281 9 as as ADP crl-14247 281 10 leaders leader NOUN crl-14247 281 11 : : PUNCT crl-14247 281 12 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 281 13 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-14247 281 14 as as ADP crl-14247 281 15 a a DET crl-14247 281 16 function function NOUN crl-14247 281 17 of of ADP crl-14247 281 18 method method NOUN crl-14247 281 19 of of ADP crl-14247 281 20 leader leader NOUN crl-14247 281 21 selection selection NOUN crl-14247 281 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 281 23 " " PUNCT crl-14247 281 24 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 281 25 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 281 26 and and CCONJ crl-14247 281 27 human human ADJ crl-14247 281 28 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 281 29 20:149 20:149 NUM crl-14247 281 30 - - SYM crl-14247 281 31 57 57 NUM crl-14247 281 32 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 281 33 june june PROPN crl-14247 281 34 1977 1977 NUM crl-14247 281 35 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 281 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 282 1 23 23 NUM crl-14247 282 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 283 1 holzbach holzbach NOUN crl-14247 283 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 283 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 283 4 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 283 5 bias bias NOUN crl-14247 283 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 283 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 283 8 p.580 p.580 NUM crl-14247 283 9 . . PUNCT crl-14247 284 1 24 24 NUM crl-14247 284 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 284 3 arie arie PROPN crl-14247 284 4 lewin lewin PROPN crl-14247 284 5 and and CCONJ crl-14247 284 6 abram abram ADJ crl-14247 284 7 zwany zwany ADJ crl-14247 284 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 284 9 " " PUNCT crl-14247 284 10 peer peer NOUN crl-14247 284 11 nominations nomination NOUN crl-14247 284 12 : : PUNCT crl-14247 284 13 a a DET crl-14247 284 14 model model NOUN crl-14247 284 15 , , PUNCT crl-14247 284 16 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 284 17 critique critique NOUN crl-14247 284 18 and and CCONJ crl-14247 284 19 a a DET crl-14247 284 20 paradigm paradigm NOUN crl-14247 284 21 for for ADP crl-14247 284 22 research research NOUN crl-14247 284 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 284 24 " " PUNCT crl-14247 284 25 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 284 26 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 284 27 29:423 29:423 NOUN crl-14247 284 28 - - SYM crl-14247 284 29 47 47 NUM crl-14247 284 30 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 284 31 aug aug PROPN crl-14247 284 32 . . PROPN crl-14247 284 33 1976 1976 NUM crl-14247 284 34 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 284 35 . . PUNCT crl-14247 285 1 25 25 NUM crl-14247 285 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 286 1 lewin lewin PROPN crl-14247 286 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 286 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 286 4 peer peer NOUN crl-14247 286 5 nominations nomination NOUN crl-14247 286 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 286 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 286 8 p.431 p.431 NOUN crl-14247 286 9 - - SYM crl-14247 286 10 35 35 NUM crl-14247 286 11 . . NUM crl-14247 286 12 26 26 NUM crl-14247 286 13 . . PUNCT crl-14247 287 1 schuler schuler NOUN crl-14247 287 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 287 3 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 287 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 287 5 p.272 p.272 NOUN crl-14247 287 6 - - SYM crl-14247 287 7 73 73 NUM crl-14247 287 8 . . PUNCT crl-14247 287 9 27 27 NUM crl-14247 287 10 . . PUNCT crl-14247 288 1 herbert herbert PROPN crl-14247 288 2 heneman heneman PROPN crl-14247 288 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 288 4 donald donald PROPN crl-14247 288 5 schwab schwab PROPN crl-14247 288 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 288 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 288 8 assessing assess VERB crl-14247 288 9 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-14247 288 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 288 11 " " PUNCT crl-14247 288 12 in in ADP crl-14247 288 13 perspectives perspective NOUN crl-14247 288 14 on on ADP crl-14247 288 15 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 288 16 / / SYM crl-14247 288 17 human human ADJ crl-14247 288 18 resource resource NOUN crl-14247 288 19 management management NOUN crl-14247 288 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 288 21 rev rev PROPN crl-14247 288 22 . . PROPN crl-14247 288 23 ed ed NOUN crl-14247 288 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 289 1 by by ADP crl-14247 289 2 herbert herbert PROPN crl-14247 289 3 heneman heneman PROPN crl-14247 289 4 and and CCONJ crl-14247 289 5 donald donald PROPN crl-14247 289 6 schwab schwab PROPN crl-14247 289 7 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 289 8 homewood homewood PROPN crl-14247 289 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 289 10 ill ill PROPN crl-14247 289 11 . . PROPN crl-14247 289 12 : : PUNCT crl-14247 289 13 irwin irwin PROPN crl-14247 289 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 289 15 1982 1982 NUM crl-14247 289 16 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 289 17 p.68 p.68 NOUN crl-14247 289 18 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 289 19 holzbach holzbach NOUN crl-14247 289 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 289 21 " " PUNCT crl-14247 289 22 rater rater NOUN crl-14247 289 23 bias bias NOUN crl-14247 289 24 , , PUNCT crl-14247 289 25 " " PUNCT crl-14247 289 26 p.580 p.580 NOUN crl-14247 289 27 . . PUNCT crl-14247 290 1 28 28 NUM crl-14247 290 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 290 3 meyer meyer PROPN crl-14247 290 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 290 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 290 6 self self NOUN crl-14247 290 7 - - PUNCT crl-14247 290 8 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 290 9 of of ADP crl-14247 290 10 job job NOUN crl-14247 290 11 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 290 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 290 13 " " PUNCT crl-14247 290 14 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 290 15 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 290 16 33:293 33:293 NUM crl-14247 290 17 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 290 18 summer summer NOUN crl-14247 290 19 1980 1980 NUM crl-14247 290 20 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 290 21 . . PUNCT crl-14247 291 1 29 29 NUM crl-14247 291 2 . . X crl-14247 291 3 borman borman NOUN crl-14247 291 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 291 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 291 6 effects effect NOUN crl-14247 291 7 of of ADP crl-14247 291 8 instructions instruction NOUN crl-14247 291 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 291 10 " " PUNCT crl-14247 291 11 p.556 p.556 X crl-14247 291 12 . . PROPN crl-14247 291 13 30 30 NUM crl-14247 291 14 . . PROPN crl-14247 291 15 cascio cascio PROPN crl-14247 291 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 291 17 " " PUNCT crl-14247 291 18 implications implication NOUN crl-14247 291 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 291 20 " " PUNCT crl-14247 291 21 p.223 p.223 NOUN crl-14247 291 22 . . PUNCT crl-14247 292 1 31 31 NUM crl-14247 292 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 293 1 nathan nathan PROPN crl-14247 293 2 winstanley winstanley PROPN crl-14247 293 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 293 4 " " PUNCT crl-14247 293 5 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 293 6 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 293 7 : : PUNCT crl-14247 293 8 another another DET crl-14247 293 9 pollution pollution NOUN crl-14247 293 10 problem problem NOUN crl-14247 293 11 ? ? PUNCT crl-14247 293 12 " " PUNCT crl-14247 293 13 conference conference NOUN crl-14247 293 14 board board PROPN crl-14247 293 15 record record PROPN crl-14247 293 16 9:59 9:59 NUM crl-14247 293 17 - - SYM crl-14247 293 18 63 63 NUM crl-14247 293 19 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 293 20 sept sept PROPN crl-14247 293 21 . . PUNCT crl-14247 293 22 1972 1972 NUM crl-14247 293 23 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 293 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 294 1 · · PUNCT crl-14247 294 2 32 32 NUM crl-14247 294 3 . . PUNCT crl-14247 295 1 dennis dennis PROPN crl-14247 295 2 warmke warmke PROPN crl-14247 295 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 295 4 robert robert PROPN crl-14247 295 5 billings billing NOUN crl-14247 295 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 295 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 295 8 comparisons comparison NOUN crl-14247 295 9 of of ADP crl-14247 295 10 training training NOUN crl-14247 295 11 methods method NOUN crl-14247 295 12 for for ADP crl-14247 295 13 improving improve VERB crl-14247 295 14 the the DET crl-14247 295 15 psychometric psychometric ADJ crl-14247 295 16 quality quality NOUN crl-14247 295 17 of of ADP crl-14247 295 18 experimental experimental ADJ crl-14247 295 19 and and CCONJ crl-14247 295 20 administrative administrative ADJ crl-14247 295 21 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 295 22 ratings rating NOUN crl-14247 295 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 295 24 " " PUNCT crl-14247 295 25 journal journal NOUN crl-14247 295 26 of of ADP crl-14247 295 27 applied apply VERB crl-14247 295 28 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 295 29 64:129 64:129 NUM crl-14247 295 30 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 295 31 feb feb PROPN crl-14247 295 32 . . PROPN crl-14247 295 33 1979 1979 NUM crl-14247 295 34 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 295 35 . . PUNCT crl-14247 296 1 33 33 NUM crl-14247 296 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 297 1 latham latham PROPN crl-14247 297 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 297 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 297 4 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 297 5 strategies strategy NOUN crl-14247 297 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 297 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 297 8 p.19 p.19 NOUN crl-14247 297 9 . . PUNCT crl-14247 297 10 34 34 NUM crl-14247 297 11 . . PUNCT crl-14247 297 12 latham latham PROPN crl-14247 297 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 297 14 " " PUNCT crl-14247 297 15 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 297 16 strategies strategy NOUN crl-14247 297 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 297 18 " " PUNCT crl-14247 297 19 p.7 p.7 PUNCT crl-14247 297 20 . . PUNCT crl-14247 297 21 35 35 NUM crl-14247 297 22 . . PUNCT crl-14247 297 23 wade wade PROPN crl-14247 297 24 v. v. ADP crl-14247 297 25 mississippi mississippi PROPN crl-14247 297 26 cooperative cooperative PROPN crl-14247 297 27 extension extension NOUN crl-14247 297 28 seroice seroice NOUN crl-14247 297 29 , , PUNCT crl-14247 297 30 528 528 NUM crl-14247 297 31 f.2d f.2d PUNCT crl-14247 297 32 416 416 NUM crl-14247 297 33 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 297 34 7th 7th ADJ crl-14247 297 35 cir cir NOUN crl-14247 297 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 297 37 1978 1978 NUM crl-14247 297 38 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 297 39 . . PUNCT crl-14247 298 1 36 36 NUM crl-14247 298 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 298 3 decotiis decotiis PROPN crl-14247 298 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 298 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 298 6 an an DET crl-14247 298 7 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14247 298 8 . . PUNCT crl-14247 298 9 " " PUNCT crl-14247 299 1 37 37 NUM crl-14247 299 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 299 3 wayne wayne PROPN crl-14247 299 4 cascio cascio PROPN crl-14247 299 5 and and CCONJ crl-14247 299 6 enzo enzo NOUN crl-14247 299 7 valenzi valenzi NOUN crl-14247 299 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 299 9 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 299 10 behaviorally behaviorally ADV crl-14247 299 11 anchored anchor VERB crl-14247 299 12 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 299 13 scales scale NOUN crl-14247 299 14 : : PUNCT crl-14247 299 15 effects effect NOUN crl-14247 299 16 of of ADP crl-14247 299 17 education education NOUN crl-14247 299 18 and and CCONJ crl-14247 299 19 job job NOUN crl-14247 299 20 experience experience NOUN crl-14247 299 21 of of ADP crl-14247 299 22 raters rater NOUN crl-14247 299 23 and and CCONJ crl-14247 299 24 ratees ratee NOUN crl-14247 299 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 299 26 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 299 27 journal journal PROPN crl-14247 299 28 of of ADP crl-14247 299 29 appli appli PROPN crl-14247 299 30 ~ ~ PUNCT crl-14247 299 31 p p NOUN crl-14247 299 32 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 299 33 62:278 62:278 NOUN crl-14247 299 34 - - PUNCT crl-14247 299 35 82 82 NUM crl-14247 299 36 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 299 37 aug aug PROPN crl-14247 299 38 . . PROPN crl-14247 299 39 1977 1977 NUM crl-14247 299 40 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 299 41 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 299 42 decotiis decotiis PROPN crl-14247 299 43 , , PUNCT crl-14247 299 44 " " PUNCT crl-14247 299 45 an an DET crl-14247 299 46 analysis analysis NOUN crl-14247 299 47 " " PUNCT crl-14247 299 48 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 299 49 gruenfeld gruenfeld NOUN crl-14247 299 50 , , PUNCT crl-14247 299 51 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 299 52 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 299 53 , , PUNCT crl-14247 299 54 p.13 p.13 PROPN crl-14247 299 55 - - SYM crl-14247 299 56 18 18 NUM crl-14247 299 57 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 299 58 donald donald PROPN crl-14247 299 59 schwab schwab PROPN crl-14247 299 60 , , PUNCT crl-14247 299 61 herbert herbert PROPN crl-14247 299 62 beneman beneman PROPN crl-14247 299 63 iii iii PROPN crl-14247 299 64 , , PUNCT crl-14247 299 65 and and CCONJ crl-14247 299 66 thomas thomas PROPN crl-14247 299 67 decotiis decotiis PROPN crl-14247 299 68 , , PUNCT crl-14247 299 69 " " PUNCT crl-14247 299 70 behaviorally behaviorally ADV crl-14247 299 71 anchored anchored ADJ crl-14247 299 72 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 299 73 scales scale NOUN crl-14247 299 74 : : PUNCT crl-14247 299 75 a a DET crl-14247 299 76 review review NOUN crl-14247 299 77 of of ADP crl-14247 299 78 the the DET crl-14247 299 79 literature literature NOUN crl-14247 299 80 , , PUNCT crl-14247 299 81 " " PUNCT crl-14247 299 82 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 299 83 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 299 84 28:549 28:549 NUM crl-14247 299 85 - - SYM crl-14247 299 86 62 62 NUM crl-14247 299 87 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 299 88 winter winter NOUN crl-14247 299 89 1975 1975 NUM crl-14247 299 90 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 299 91 . . PUNCT crl-14247 300 1 38 38 NUM crl-14247 300 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 301 1 barry barry PROPN crl-14247 301 2 friedman friedman PROPN crl-14247 301 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 301 4 edwin edwin PROPN crl-14247 301 5 cornelius cornelius PROPN crl-14247 301 6 iii iii PROPN crl-14247 301 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 301 8 " " PUNCT crl-14247 301 9 effect effect NOUN crl-14247 301 10 of of ADP crl-14247 301 11 rater rater ADJ crl-14247 301 12 participation participation NOUN crl-14247 301 13 in in ADP crl-14247 301 14 scale scale NOUN crl-14247 301 15 construction construction NOUN crl-14247 301 16 on on ADP crl-14247 301 17 the the DET crl-14247 301 18 psychometric psychometric ADJ crl-14247 301 19 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14247 301 20 of of ADP crl-14247 301 21 t t NOUN crl-14247 301 22 ~ ~ PUNCT crl-14247 301 23 o o NOUN crl-14247 301 24 rating rating NOUN crl-14247 301 25 scale scale NOUN crl-14247 301 26 formats format NOUN crl-14247 301 27 , , PUNCT crl-14247 301 28 ii ii PROPN crl-14247 301 29 journal journal PROPN crl-14247 301 30 of of ADP crl-14247 301 31 applied apply VERB crl-14247 301 32 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 301 33 61:210 61:210 NUM crl-14247 301 34 - - SYM crl-14247 301 35 16 16 NUM crl-14247 301 36 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 301 37 may may AUX crl-14247 301 38 1976 1976 NUM crl-14247 301 39 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 301 40 . . PUNCT crl-14247 302 1 39 39 NUM crl-14247 302 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 303 1 latham latham PROPN crl-14247 303 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 303 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 303 4 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 303 5 strategies strategy NOUN crl-14247 303 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 303 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 303 8 p p NOUN crl-14247 303 9 .7 .7 NUM crl-14247 303 10 . . PUNCT crl-14247 303 11 40 40 NUM crl-14247 303 12 . . PUNCT crl-14247 304 1 gary gary PROPN crl-14247 304 2 latham latham PROPN crl-14247 304 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 304 4 terence terence PROPN crl-14247 304 5 mitchell mitchell PROPN crl-14247 304 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 304 7 and and CCONJ crl-14247 304 8 dennis dennis PROPN crl-14247 304 9 dossett dossett PROPN crl-14247 304 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 304 11 " " PUNCT crl-14247 304 12 importance importance NOUN crl-14247 304 13 of of ADP crl-14247 304 14 participative participative ADJ crl-14247 304 15 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 304 16 setting setting NOUN crl-14247 304 17 and and CCONJ crl-14247 304 18 anticipated anticipate VERB crl-14247 304 19 rewards reward NOUN crl-14247 304 20 on on ADP crl-14247 304 21 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 304 22 difficulty difficulty NOUN crl-14247 304 23 and and CCONJ crl-14247 304 24 job job NOUN crl-14247 304 25 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 304 26 , , PUNCT crl-14247 304 27 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 304 28 journal journal PROPN crl-14247 304 29 of of ADP crl-14247 304 30 applied apply VERB crl-14247 304 31 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 304 32 63:163 63:163 NUM crl-14247 304 33 - - SYM crl-14247 304 34 71 71 NUM crl-14247 304 35 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 304 36 may may PROPN crl-14247 304 37 1978 1978 NUM crl-14247 304 38 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 304 39 . . PUNCT crl-14247 305 1 41 41 NUM crl-14247 305 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 306 1 gary gary PROPN crl-14247 306 2 latham latham PROPN crl-14247 306 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 306 4 edwin edwin PROPN crl-14247 306 5 locke locke PROPN crl-14247 306 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 306 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 306 8 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 306 9 setting setting NOUN crl-14247 306 10 - - PUNCT crl-14247 306 11 a a DET crl-14247 306 12 motivational motivational ADJ crl-14247 306 13 tool tool NOUN crl-14247 306 14 that that PRON crl-14247 306 15 works work VERB crl-14247 306 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 306 17 " " PUNCT crl-14247 306 18 in in ADP crl-14247 306 19 psychological psychological ADJ crl-14247 306 20 foundations foundation NOUN crl-14247 306 21 of of ADP crl-14247 306 22 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 306 23 behavior behavior NOUN crl-14247 306 24 , , PUNCT crl-14247 306 25 rev rev PROPN crl-14247 306 26 . . PROPN crl-14247 306 27 ed ed NOUN crl-14247 306 28 . . PUNCT crl-14247 307 1 by by ADP crl-14247 307 2 barry barry PROPN crl-14247 307 3 staw staw PROPN crl-14247 307 4 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 307 5 glenview glenview NOUN crl-14247 307 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 307 7 ill ill PROPN crl-14247 307 8 . . PROPN crl-14247 307 9 : : PUNCT crl-14247 307 10 scott scott PROPN crl-14247 307 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 307 12 foresman foresman PROPN crl-14247 307 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 307 14 1983 1983 NUM crl-14247 307 15 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 307 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 307 17 p p NOUN crl-14247 307 18 .252 .252 NUM crl-14247 307 19 . . PUNCT crl-14247 308 1 42 42 NUM crl-14247 308 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 309 1 latham latham PROPN crl-14247 309 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 309 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 309 4 importance importance NOUN crl-14247 309 5 of of ADP crl-14247 309 6 participative participative ADJ crl-14247 309 7 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 309 8 setting setting NOUN crl-14247 309 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 309 10 " " PUNCT crl-14247 309 11 p.169 p.169 NOUN crl-14247 309 12 - - PUNCT crl-14247 309 13 70 70 NUM crl-14247 309 14 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 309 15 latham latham PROPN crl-14247 309 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 309 17 " " PUNCT crl-14247 309 18 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 309 19 strategies strategy NOUN crl-14247 309 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 309 21 " " PUNCT crl-14247 309 22 p.20 p.20 PROPN crl-14247 309 23 . . PROPN crl-14247 309 24 43 43 NUM crl-14247 309 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 310 1 frederick frederick PROPN crl-14247 310 2 herzberg herzberg PROPN crl-14247 310 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 310 4 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 310 5 one one NUM crl-14247 310 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 310 7 more more ADJ crl-14247 310 8 time time NOUN crl-14247 310 9 : : PUNCT crl-14247 310 10 how how SCONJ crl-14247 310 11 do do AUX crl-14247 310 12 you you PRON crl-14247 310 13 motivate motivate VERB crl-14247 310 14 employees employee NOUN crl-14247 310 15 ? ? PUNCT crl-14247 310 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 310 17 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 310 18 haroard haroard NOUN crl-14247 310 19 business business NOUN crl-14247 310 20 review review NOUN crl-14247 310 21 46:61 46:61 NUM crl-14247 310 22 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 310 23 jan.-feb jan.-feb PROPN crl-14247 310 24 . . PROPN crl-14247 310 25 1968 1968 NUM crl-14247 310 26 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 310 27 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 310 28 craig craig PROPN crl-14247 310 29 pinder pinder X crl-14247 310 30 , , PUNCT crl-14247 310 31 " " PUNCT crl-14247 310 32 concerning concern VERB crl-14247 310 33 the the DET crl-14247 310 34 application application NOUN crl-14247 310 35 of of ADP crl-14247 310 36 human human ADJ crl-14247 310 37 motivation motivation NOUN crl-14247 310 38 theories theory NOUN crl-14247 310 39 in in ADP crl-14247 310 40 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 310 41 settings setting NOUN crl-14247 310 42 , , PUNCT crl-14247 310 43 " " PUNCT crl-14247 310 44 academy academy NOUN crl-14247 310 45 of of ADP crl-14247 310 46 management management NOUN crl-14247 310 47 review review NOUN crl-14247 310 48 2:38497 2:38497 NUM crl-14247 310 49 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 310 50 july july PROPN crl-14247 310 51 1977 1977 NUM crl-14247 310 52 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 310 53 . . PUNCT crl-14247 311 1 44 44 NUM crl-14247 311 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 312 1 michael michael PROPN crl-14247 312 2 beer beer PROPN crl-14247 312 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 312 4 " " PUNCT crl-14247 312 5 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 312 6 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 312 7 : : PUNCT crl-14247 312 8 dilemmas dilemma NOUN crl-14247 312 9 and and CCONJ crl-14247 312 10 possibilities possibility NOUN crl-14247 312 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 312 12 " " PUNCT crl-14247 312 13 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 312 14 dynamics dynamic NOUN crl-14247 312 15 9:28 9:28 PROPN crl-14247 312 16 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 312 17 winter winter NOUN crl-14247 312 18 1981 1981 NUM crl-14247 312 19 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 312 20 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 312 21 schuler schuler NOUN crl-14247 312 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 312 23 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 312 24 , , PUNCT crl-14247 312 25 p p NOUN crl-14247 312 26 .270 .270 NUM crl-14247 312 27 . . PUNCT crl-14247 313 1 45 45 NUM crl-14247 313 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 314 1 ron ron PROPN crl-14247 314 2 kolgraf kolgraf PROPN crl-14247 314 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 314 4 " " PUNCT crl-14247 314 5 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 314 6 and and CCONJ crl-14247 314 7 selling selling NOUN crl-14247 314 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 314 9 " " PUNCT crl-14247 314 10 industrial industrial ADJ crl-14247 314 11 distribution distribution NOUN crl-14247 314 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 314 13 p p NOUN crl-14247 314 14 .39 .39 NUM crl-14247 314 15 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 314 16 oct oct PROPN crl-14247 314 17 . . PROPN crl-14247 314 18 1978 1978 NUM crl-14247 314 19 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 314 20 . . PUNCT crl-14247 315 1 46 46 NUM crl-14247 315 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 316 1 beer beer NOUN crl-14247 316 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 316 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 316 4 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 316 5 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 316 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 316 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 316 8 p.28 p.28 NOUN crl-14247 316 9 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 316 10 schuler schuler NOUN crl-14247 316 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 316 12 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 316 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 316 14 p p NOUN crl-14247 316 15 .270 .270 NUM crl-14247 316 16 . . PUNCT crl-14247 316 17 47 47 NUM crl-14247 316 18 . . PUNCT crl-14247 317 1 beer beer NOUN crl-14247 317 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 317 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 317 4 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 317 5 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 317 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 317 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 317 8 p.27 p.27 PROPN crl-14247 317 9 . . PROPN crl-14247 317 10 48 48 NUM crl-14247 317 11 . . PUNCT crl-14247 318 1 ronald ronald PROPN crl-14247 318 2 burke burke PROPN crl-14247 318 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 318 4 william william PROPN crl-14247 318 5 weitzel weitzel PROPN crl-14247 318 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 318 7 and and CCONJ crl-14247 318 8 tamara tamara PROPN crl-14247 318 9 weir weir PROPN crl-14247 318 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 318 11 " " PUNCT crl-14247 318 12 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14247 318 13 of of ADP crl-14247 318 14 effective effective ADJ crl-14247 318 15 employee employee NOUN crl-14247 318 16 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 318 17 review review NOUN crl-14247 318 18 and and CCONJ crl-14247 318 19 development development NOUN crl-14247 318 20 interviews interview NOUN crl-14247 318 21 : : PUNCT crl-14247 318 22 replication replication NOUN crl-14247 318 23 and and CCONJ crl-14247 318 24 extension extension NOUN crl-14247 318 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 318 26 " " PUNCT crl-14247 318 27 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 318 28 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 318 29 31:903 31:903 NUM crl-14247 318 30 - - SYM crl-14247 318 31 11 11 NUM crl-14247 318 32 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 318 33 winter winter NOUN crl-14247 318 34 1978 1978 NUM crl-14247 318 35 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 318 36 . . PUNCT crl-14247 319 1 49 49 NUM crl-14247 319 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 320 1 schuler schuler NOUN crl-14247 320 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 320 3 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 320 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 320 5 p.270 p.270 INTJ crl-14247 320 6 . . PUNCT crl-14247 321 1 50 50 NUM crl-14247 321 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 322 1 gruenfeld gruenfeld NOUN crl-14247 322 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 322 3 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 322 4 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 322 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 322 6 p.22 p.22 NOUN crl-14247 322 7 - - SYM crl-14247 322 8 27 27 NUM crl-14247 322 9 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 322 10 burke burke NOUN crl-14247 322 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 322 12 " " PUNCT crl-14247 322 13 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14247 322 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 322 15 " " PUNCT crl-14247 322 16 p.915 p.915 NOUN crl-14247 322 17 - - SYM crl-14247 322 18 916 916 NUM crl-14247 322 19 . . PUNCT crl-14247 322 20 51 51 NUM crl-14247 322 21 . . PUNCT crl-14247 322 22 mirvis mirvis PROPN crl-14247 322 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 322 24 " " PUNCT crl-14247 322 25 work work NOUN crl-14247 322 26 and and CCONJ crl-14247 322 27 work work NOUN crl-14247 322 28 force force NOUN crl-14247 322 29 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14247 322 30 . . PUNCT crl-14247 322 31 " " PUNCT crl-14247 323 1 52 52 NUM crl-14247 323 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 323 3 mirvis mirvis NOUN crl-14247 323 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 323 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 323 6 work work NOUN crl-14247 323 7 and and CCONJ crl-14247 323 8 work work NOUN crl-14247 323 9 force force NOUN crl-14247 323 10 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-14247 323 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 323 12 " " PUNCT crl-14247 323 13 p.ll p.ll NOUN crl-14247 323 14 . . PUNCT crl-14247 323 15 53 53 NUM crl-14247 323 16 . . PUNCT crl-14247 324 1 gruenfeld gruenfeld NOUN crl-14247 324 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 324 3 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 324 4 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 324 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 324 6 p.23 p.23 PROPN crl-14247 324 7 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 324 8 schuler schuler NOUN crl-14247 324 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 324 10 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 324 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 324 12 p.290 p.290 NOUN crl-14247 324 13 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 324 14 n. n. PROPN crl-14247 324 15 winstanley winstanley PROPN crl-14247 324 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 324 17 " " PUNCT crl-14247 324 18 legal legal ADJ crl-14247 324 19 and and CCONJ crl-14247 324 20 ethical ethical ADJ crl-14247 324 21 issues issue NOUN crl-14247 324 22 in in ADP crl-14247 324 23 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 324 24 appraisals appraisal NOUN crl-14247 324 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 324 26 " " PUNCT crl-14247 324 27 haroard haroard NOUN crl-14247 324 28 business business NOUN crl-14247 324 29 review review NOUN crl-14247 324 30 58:186 58:186 NUM crl-14247 324 31 - - SYM crl-14247 324 32 88 88 NUM crl-14247 324 33 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 324 34 nov.-dec nov.-dec INTJ crl-14247 324 35 . . PUNCT crl-14247 324 36 1980 1980 NUM crl-14247 324 37 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 324 38 . . PUNCT crl-14247 325 1 54 54 NUM crl-14247 325 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 326 1 jerome jerome PROPN crl-14247 326 2 r. r. PROPN crl-14247 326 3 ravetz ravetz PROPN crl-14247 326 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 326 5 scientific scientific ADJ crl-14247 326 6 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 326 7 and and CCONJ crl-14247 326 8 its its PRON crl-14247 326 9 social social ADJ crl-14247 326 10 problems problem NOUN crl-14247 326 11 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 326 12 oxford oxford PROPN crl-14247 326 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 326 14 eng eng PROPN crl-14247 326 15 . . PUNCT crl-14247 326 16 : : PUNCT crl-14247 327 1 clarendon clarendon PROPN crl-14247 327 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 327 3 1971 1971 NUM crl-14247 327 4 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 327 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 327 6 p p NOUN crl-14247 327 7 .377 .377 NUM crl-14247 327 8 . . NUM crl-14247 327 9 450 450 NUM crl-14247 327 10 college college PROPN crl-14247 327 11 & & CCONJ crl-14247 327 12 research research PROPN crl-14247 327 13 libraries library NOUN crl-14247 327 14 september september PROPN crl-14247 327 15 1986 1986 NUM crl-14247 327 16 55 55 NUM crl-14247 327 17 . . PUNCT crl-14247 328 1 lee lee PROPN crl-14247 328 2 dyer dyer PROPN crl-14247 328 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 328 4 donald donald PROPN crl-14247 328 5 p. p. PROPN crl-14247 328 6 schwab schwab PROPN crl-14247 328 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 328 8 " " PUNCT crl-14247 328 9 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 328 10 / / SYM crl-14247 328 11 human human ADJ crl-14247 328 12 resource resource NOUN crl-14247 328 13 management management NOUN crl-14247 328 14 research research NOUN crl-14247 328 15 , , PUNCT crl-14247 328 16 " " PUNCT crl-14247 328 17 in in ADP crl-14247 328 18 industrial industrial ADJ crl-14247 328 19 relations relation NOUN crl-14247 328 20 research research NOUN crl-14247 328 21 in in ADP crl-14247 328 22 the the DET crl-14247 328 23 1970s 1970 NOUN crl-14247 328 24 : : PUNCT crl-14247 328 25 review review NOUN crl-14247 328 26 and and CCONJ crl-14247 328 27 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 328 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 328 29 ed ed NOUN crl-14247 328 30 . . PUNCT crl-14247 329 1 by by ADP crl-14247 329 2 thomas thomas PROPN crl-14247 329 3 a. a. PROPN crl-14247 329 4 kochan kochan PROPN crl-14247 329 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 329 6 daniel daniel PROPN crl-14247 329 7 j. j. PROPN crl-14247 329 8 b. b. PROPN crl-14247 329 9 mitchell mitchell PROPN crl-14247 329 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 329 11 and and CCONJ crl-14247 329 12 lee lee PROPN crl-14247 329 13 dyer dyer PROPN crl-14247 329 14 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 329 15 madison madison PROPN crl-14247 329 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 329 17 wis wis PROPN crl-14247 329 18 . . PUNCT crl-14247 329 19 : : PUNCT crl-14247 329 20 industrial industrial ADJ crl-14247 329 21 relations relation NOUN crl-14247 329 22 research research NOUN crl-14247 329 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 329 24 1982 1982 NUM crl-14247 329 25 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 329 26 , , PUNCT crl-14247 329 27 p.194 p.194 PROPN crl-14247 329 28 . . PROPN crl-14247 329 29 56 56 NUM crl-14247 329 30 . . PUNCT crl-14247 330 1 j. j. PROPN crl-14247 330 2 richard richard PROPN crl-14247 330 3 hackman hackman PROPN crl-14247 330 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 330 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 330 6 doing do VERB crl-14247 330 7 research research NOUN crl-14247 330 8 that that PRON crl-14247 330 9 makes make VERB crl-14247 330 10 a a DET crl-14247 330 11 difference difference NOUN crl-14247 330 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 330 13 " " PUNCT crl-14247 330 14 in in ADP crl-14247 330 15 doing do VERB crl-14247 330 16 research research NOUN crl-14247 330 17 that that PRON crl-14247 330 18 is be AUX crl-14247 330 19 useful useful ADJ crl-14247 330 20 for for ADP crl-14247 330 21 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 330 22 and and CCONJ crl-14247 330 23 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 330 24 , , PUNCT crl-14247 330 25 ed ed NOUN crl-14247 330 26 . . PUNCT crl-14247 331 1 by by ADP crl-14247 331 2 edward edward PROPN crl-14247 331 3 e. e. PROPN crl-14247 331 4 lawler lawler PROPN crl-14247 331 5 iii iii PROPN crl-14247 331 6 and and CCONJ crl-14247 331 7 others other NOUN crl-14247 331 8 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 331 9 washington washington PROPN crl-14247 331 10 : : PUNCT crl-14247 331 11 jossey jossey PROPN crl-14247 331 12 - - PUNCT crl-14247 331 13 bass bass PROPN crl-14247 331 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 331 15 1985 1985 NUM crl-14247 331 16 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 331 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 331 18 p.150 p.150 NUM crl-14247 331 19 . . PUNCT crl-14247 331 20 57 57 NUM crl-14247 331 21 . . PUNCT crl-14247 332 1 latham latham PROPN crl-14247 332 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 332 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 332 4 goal goal NOUN crl-14247 332 5 setting setting NOUN crl-14247 332 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 332 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 332 8 p.45 p.45 NOUN crl-14247 332 9 - - NOUN crl-14247 332 10 46 46 NUM crl-14247 332 11 . . PUNCT crl-14247 332 12 58 58 NUM crl-14247 332 13 . . PUNCT crl-14247 333 1 michael michael PROPN crl-14247 333 2 keeley keeley PROPN crl-14247 333 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 333 4 " " PUNCT crl-14247 333 5 a a DET crl-14247 333 6 contingency contingency NOUN crl-14247 333 7 framework framework NOUN crl-14247 333 8 for for ADP crl-14247 333 9 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 333 10 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-14247 333 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 333 12 " " PUNCT crl-14247 333 13 academy academy NOUN crl-14247 333 14 of of ADP crl-14247 333 15 management management NOUN crl-14247 333 16 review review NOUN crl-14247 333 17 3:398 3:398 NUM crl-14247 333 18 - - SYM crl-14247 333 19 99 99 NUM crl-14247 333 20 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 333 21 july july PROPN crl-14247 333 22 1978 1978 NUM crl-14247 333 23 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 333 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 334 1 59 59 NUM crl-14247 334 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 334 3 keeley keeley PROPN crl-14247 334 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 334 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 334 6 a a DET crl-14247 334 7 contingency contingency NOUN crl-14247 334 8 framework framework NOUN crl-14247 334 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 334 10 " " PUNCT crl-14247 334 11 p.403 p.403 NOUN crl-14247 334 12 . . PUNCT crl-14247 335 1 60 60 NUM crl-14247 335 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 336 1 white white ADJ crl-14247 336 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 336 3 library library NOUN crl-14247 336 4 personnel personnel NOUN crl-14247 336 5 management management NOUN crl-14247 336 6 . . PUNCT crl-14247 337 1 61 61 NUM crl-14247 337 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 337 3 richard richard PROPN crl-14247 337 4 de de PROPN crl-14247 337 5 gennaro gennaro PROPN crl-14247 337 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 337 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 337 8 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 337 9 vs. vs. ADP crl-14247 337 10 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 337 11 in in ADP crl-14247 337 12 library library NOUN crl-14247 337 13 management management NOUN crl-14247 337 14 , , PUNCT crl-14247 337 15 " " PUNCT crl-14247 337 16 library library NOUN crl-14247 337 17 journal108:1318 journal108:1318 PROPN crl-14247 337 18 - - PUNCT crl-14247 337 19 21 21 NUM crl-14247 337 20 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 337 21 july july PROPN crl-14247 337 22 1983 1983 NUM crl-14247 337 23 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 337 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 338 1 62 62 NUM crl-14247 338 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 339 1 peter peter PROPN crl-14247 339 2 f. f. PROPN crl-14247 339 3 drucker drucker PROPN crl-14247 339 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 339 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 339 6 managing manage VERB crl-14247 339 7 the the DET crl-14247 339 8 public public ADJ crl-14247 339 9 service service NOUN crl-14247 339 10 institution institution NOUN crl-14247 339 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 339 12 " " PUNCT crl-14247 339 13 college college NOUN crl-14247 339 14 & & CCONJ crl-14247 339 15 research research PROPN crl-14247 339 16 libraries library NOUN crl-14247 339 17 37:4 37:4 NUM crl-14247 339 18 - - SYM crl-14247 339 19 14 14 NUM crl-14247 339 20 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 339 21 jan jan PROPN crl-14247 339 22 . . PROPN crl-14247 339 23 1976 1976 NUM crl-14247 339 24 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 339 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 340 1 63 63 NUM crl-14247 340 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 341 1 ronald ronald PROPN crl-14247 341 2 taft taft NOUN crl-14247 341 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 341 4 " " PUNCT crl-14247 341 5 the the DET crl-14247 341 6 ability ability NOUN crl-14247 341 7 to to PART crl-14247 341 8 judge judge VERB crl-14247 341 9 people people NOUN crl-14247 341 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 341 11 " " PUNCT crl-14247 341 12 psychological psychological ADJ crl-14247 341 13 bulletin bulletin NOUN crl-14247 341 14 52:1 52:1 NUM crl-14247 341 15 - - SYM crl-14247 341 16 23 23 NUM crl-14247 341 17 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 341 18 jan jan PROPN crl-14247 341 19 . . PROPN crl-14247 341 20 1955 1955 NUM crl-14247 341 21 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 341 22 . . PUNCT crl-14247 342 1 64 64 NUM crl-14247 342 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 343 1 ravetz ravetz ADJ crl-14247 343 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 343 3 scientific scientific ADJ crl-14247 343 4 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 343 5 and and CCONJ crl-14247 343 6 its its PRON crl-14247 343 7 social social ADJ crl-14247 343 8 problems problem NOUN crl-14247 343 9 , , PUNCT crl-14247 343 10 p.366 p.366 NOUN crl-14247 343 11 . . PUNCT crl-14247 344 1 65 65 NUM crl-14247 344 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 345 1 chris chris PROPN crl-14247 345 2 argyris argyris PROPN crl-14247 345 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 345 4 " " PUNCT crl-14247 345 5 theories theory NOUN crl-14247 345 6 of of ADP crl-14247 345 7 action action NOUN crl-14247 345 8 that that PRON crl-14247 345 9 inhibit inhibit VERB crl-14247 345 10 individual individual ADJ crl-14247 345 11 learning learning NOUN crl-14247 345 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 345 13 " " PUNCT crl-14247 345 14 american american PROPN crl-14247 345 15 psychologist psychologist PROPN crl-14247 345 16 31:638 31:638 NUM crl-14247 345 17 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 345 18 sept sept PROPN crl-14247 345 19 . . PROPN crl-14247 345 20 1976 1976 NUM crl-14247 345 21 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 345 22 . . PUNCT crl-14247 346 1 66 66 NUM crl-14247 346 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 347 1 nigel nigel PROPN crl-14247 347 2 nicholson nicholson PROPN crl-14247 347 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 347 4 toby toby PROPN crl-14247 347 5 wall wall NOUN crl-14247 347 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 347 7 " " PUNCT crl-14247 347 8 introduction introduction NOUN crl-14247 347 9 : : PUNCT crl-14247 347 10 themes theme NOUN crl-14247 347 11 in in ADP crl-14247 347 12 the the DET crl-14247 347 13 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 347 14 and and CCONJ crl-14247 347 15 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 347 16 of of ADP crl-14247 347 17 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 347 18 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 347 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 347 20 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 347 21 in in ADP crl-14247 347 22 the the DET crl-14247 347 23 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 347 24 and and CCONJ crl-14247 347 25 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 347 26 of of ADP crl-14247 347 27 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 347 28 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 347 29 : : PUNCT crl-14247 347 30 a a DET crl-14247 347 31 collection collection NOUN crl-14247 347 32 of of ADP crl-14247 347 33 original original ADJ crl-14247 347 34 essays essay NOUN crl-14247 347 35 , , PUNCT crl-14247 347 36 ed ed NOUN crl-14247 347 37 . . PUNCT crl-14247 348 1 by by ADP crl-14247 348 2 nigel nigel PROPN crl-14247 348 3 nicholson nicholson PROPN crl-14247 348 4 and and CCONJ crl-14247 348 5 toby toby PROPN crl-14247 348 6 d. d. PROPN crl-14247 348 7 wall wall PROPN crl-14247 348 8 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 348 9 new new PROPN crl-14247 348 10 york york PROPN crl-14247 348 11 : : PUNCT crl-14247 348 12 academic academic ADJ crl-14247 348 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 348 14 1982 1982 NUM crl-14247 348 15 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 348 16 , , PUNCT crl-14247 348 17 p.12 p.12 X crl-14247 348 18 . . PUNCT crl-14247 348 19 67 67 NUM crl-14247 348 20 . . PUNCT crl-14247 348 21 edgar edgar PROPN crl-14247 348 22 h. h. PROPN crl-14247 348 23 schein schein PROPN crl-14247 348 24 , , PUNCT crl-14247 348 25 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 348 26 culture culture NOUN crl-14247 348 27 and and CCONJ crl-14247 348 28 leadership leadership NOUN crl-14247 348 29 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 348 30 washington washington PROPN crl-14247 348 31 : : PUNCT crl-14247 348 32 jossey jossey PROPN crl-14247 348 33 - - PUNCT crl-14247 348 34 bass bass PROPN crl-14247 348 35 , , PUNCT crl-14247 348 36 1985 1985 NUM crl-14247 348 37 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 348 38 , , PUNCT crl-14247 348 39 p.147 p.147 PROPN crl-14247 348 40 . . PROPN crl-14247 348 41 68 68 NUM crl-14247 348 42 . . PUNCT crl-14247 349 1 martin martin PROPN crl-14247 349 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 349 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 349 4 staff staff NOUN crl-14247 349 5 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-14247 349 6 of of ADP crl-14247 349 7 supervisors supervisor NOUN crl-14247 349 8 . . PUNCT crl-14247 349 9 " " PUNCT crl-14247 350 1 69 69 NUM crl-14247 350 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 351 1 chris chris PROPN crl-14247 351 2 argyris argyris PROPN crl-14247 351 3 and and CCONJ crl-14247 351 4 donald donald PROPN crl-14247 351 5 schon schon PROPN crl-14247 351 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 351 7 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 351 8 learning learning NOUN crl-14247 351 9 : : PUNCT crl-14247 351 10 a a DET crl-14247 351 11 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 351 12 of of ADP crl-14247 351 13 action action NOUN crl-14247 351 14 perspective perspective NOUN crl-14247 351 15 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 351 16 reading reading NOUN crl-14247 351 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 351 18 mass mass NOUN crl-14247 351 19 . . PUNCT crl-14247 351 20 : : PUNCT crl-14247 351 21 addison addison PROPN crl-14247 351 22 - - PUNCT crl-14247 351 23 wesley wesley PROPN crl-14247 351 24 , , PUNCT crl-14247 351 25 1978 1978 NUM crl-14247 351 26 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 351 27 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 351 28 chris chris PROPN crl-14247 351 29 argyris argyris PROPN crl-14247 351 30 , , PUNCT crl-14247 351 31 reasoning reasoning NOUN crl-14247 351 32 , , PUNCT crl-14247 351 33 learning learning NOUN crl-14247 351 34 , , PUNCT crl-14247 351 35 and and CCONJ crl-14247 351 36 action action NOUN crl-14247 351 37 : : PUNCT crl-14247 351 38 individual individual ADJ crl-14247 351 39 and and CCONJ crl-14247 351 40 organization organization NOUN crl-14247 351 41 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 351 42 washington washington PROPN crl-14247 351 43 : : PUNCT crl-14247 351 44 jossey jossey PROPN crl-14247 351 45 - - PUNCT crl-14247 351 46 bass bass PROPN crl-14247 351 47 , , PUNCT crl-14247 351 48 1982 1982 NUM crl-14247 351 49 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 351 50 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 351 51 donald donald PROPN crl-14247 351 52 a. a. PROPN crl-14247 351 53 schon schon PROPN crl-14247 351 54 , , PUNCT crl-14247 351 55 the the DET crl-14247 351 56 reflective reflective ADJ crl-14247 351 57 practitioner practitioner NOUN crl-14247 351 58 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 351 59 new new PROPN crl-14247 351 60 york york PROPN crl-14247 351 61 : : PUNCT crl-14247 351 62 basic basic ADJ crl-14247 351 63 books book NOUN crl-14247 351 64 , , PUNCT crl-14247 351 65 1982 1982 NUM crl-14247 351 66 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 351 67 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 351 68 david david PROPN crl-14247 351 69 a. a. PROPN crl-14247 351 70 kolb kolb PROPN crl-14247 351 71 , , PUNCT crl-14247 351 72 experimental experimental ADJ crl-14247 351 73 learning learning NOUN crl-14247 351 74 : : PUNCT crl-14247 351 75 experience experience NOUN crl-14247 351 76 as as ADP crl-14247 351 77 the the DET crl-14247 351 78 source source NOUN crl-14247 351 79 of of ADP crl-14247 351 80 learning learning NOUN crl-14247 351 81 and and CCONJ crl-14247 351 82 development development NOUN crl-14247 351 83 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 351 84 englewood englewood NOUN crl-14247 351 85 cliffs cliff NOUN crl-14247 351 86 , , PUNCT crl-14247 351 87 n.j n.j PROPN crl-14247 351 88 . . PROPN crl-14247 351 89 : : PUNCT crl-14247 351 90 prentice prentice NOUN crl-14247 351 91 - - PUNCT crl-14247 351 92 hall hall NOUN crl-14247 351 93 , , PUNCT crl-14247 351 94 1984 1984 NUM crl-14247 351 95 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 351 96 . . PUNCT crl-14247 352 1 70 70 NUM crl-14247 352 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 353 1 chris chris PROPN crl-14247 353 2 argyris argyris PROPN crl-14247 353 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 353 4 " " PUNCT crl-14247 353 5 research research NOUN crl-14247 353 6 as as ADP crl-14247 353 7 action action NOUN crl-14247 353 8 : : PUNCT crl-14247 353 9 usuable usuable ADJ crl-14247 353 10 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 353 11 for for ADP crl-14247 353 12 understanding understanding NOUN crl-14247 353 13 and and CCONJ crl-14247 353 14 changing change VERB crl-14247 353 15 the the DET crl-14247 353 16 status status NOUN crl-14247 353 17 quo quo NOUN crl-14247 353 18 , , PUNCT crl-14247 353 19 " " PUNCT crl-14247 353 20 in in ADP crl-14247 353 21 the the DET crl-14247 353 22 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 353 23 and and CCONJ crl-14247 353 24 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 353 25 of of ADP crl-14247 353 26 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 353 27 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 353 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 353 29 p.206 p.206 NOUN crl-14247 353 30 . . PUNCT crl-14247 354 1 71 71 NUM crl-14247 354 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 355 1 argyris argyris PROPN crl-14247 355 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 355 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 355 4 resarch resarch NOUN crl-14247 355 5 as as ADP crl-14247 355 6 action action NOUN crl-14247 355 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 355 8 " " PUNCT crl-14247 355 9 p.200 p.200 NOUN crl-14247 355 10 . . PUNCT crl-14247 356 1 emphasis emphasis NOUN crl-14247 356 2 added add VERB crl-14247 356 3 . . PUNCT crl-14247 357 1 72 72 X crl-14247 357 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 358 1 raymond raymond PROPN crl-14247 358 2 e. e. PROPN crl-14247 358 3 miles miles PROPN crl-14247 358 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 358 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 358 6 human human ADJ crl-14247 358 7 relations relation NOUN crl-14247 358 8 or or CCONJ crl-14247 358 9 human human ADJ crl-14247 358 10 resources resource NOUN crl-14247 358 11 ? ? PUNCT crl-14247 358 12 " " PUNCT crl-14247 358 13 in in ADP crl-14247 358 14 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 358 15 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 358 16 : : PUNCT crl-14247 358 17 a a DET crl-14247 358 18 book book NOUN crl-14247 358 19 of of ADP crl-14247 358 20 readings reading NOUN crl-14247 358 21 , , PUNCT crl-14247 358 22 ed ed NOUN crl-14247 358 23 . . PUNCT crl-14247 358 24 by by ADP crl-14247 358 25 david david PROPN crl-14247 358 26 a. a. PROPN crl-14247 358 27 kolb kolb PROPN crl-14247 358 28 , , PUNCT crl-14247 358 29 erwin erwin PROPN crl-14247 358 30 m. m. NOUN crl-14247 358 31 rubin rubin NOUN crl-14247 358 32 , , PUNCT crl-14247 358 33 and and CCONJ crl-14247 358 34 james james PROPN crl-14247 358 35 m. m. PROPN crl-14247 358 36 mcintyre mcintyre PROPN crl-14247 358 37 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 358 38 englewood englewood NOUN crl-14247 358 39 cliffs cliff NOUN crl-14247 358 40 , , PUNCT crl-14247 358 41 n.j n.j PROPN crl-14247 358 42 . . PROPN crl-14247 358 43 : : PUNCT crl-14247 358 44 prentice prentice NOUN crl-14247 358 45 - - PUNCT crl-14247 358 46 hall hall NOUN crl-14247 358 47 , , PUNCT crl-14247 358 48 1971 1971 NUM crl-14247 358 49 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 358 50 , , PUNCT crl-14247 358 51 p.238 p.238 PROPN crl-14247 358 52 . . PUNCT crl-14247 359 1 73 73 NUM crl-14247 359 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 360 1 miles mile NOUN crl-14247 360 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 360 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 360 4 human human ADJ crl-14247 360 5 relations relation NOUN crl-14247 360 6 or or CCONJ crl-14247 360 7 human human ADJ crl-14247 360 8 resources resource NOUN crl-14247 360 9 ? ? PUNCT crl-14247 361 1 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 361 2 " " PUNCT crl-14247 361 3 p.237 p.237 NOUN crl-14247 361 4 - - PUNCT crl-14247 361 5 238 238 NUM crl-14247 361 6 . . PUNCT crl-14247 362 1 74 74 NUM crl-14247 362 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 363 1 frank frank PROPN crl-14247 363 2 landy landy PROPN crl-14247 363 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 363 4 " " PUNCT crl-14247 363 5 models model NOUN crl-14247 363 6 of of ADP crl-14247 363 7 management management NOUN crl-14247 363 8 : : PUNCT crl-14247 363 9 assumptions assumption NOUN crl-14247 363 10 of of ADP crl-14247 363 11 - - PUNCT crl-14247 363 12 theorists theorist NOUN crl-14247 363 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 363 14 " " PUNCT crl-14247 363 15 in in ADP crl-14247 363 16 the the DET crl-14247 363 17 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 363 18 and and CCONJ crl-14247 363 19 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 363 20 of of ADP crl-14247 363 21 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 363 22 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 363 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 363 24 p.103 p.103 NOUN crl-14247 363 25 - - SYM crl-14247 363 26 21 21 NUM crl-14247 363 27 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 363 28 jerald jerald PROPN crl-14247 363 29 hage hage NOUN crl-14247 363 30 , , PUNCT crl-14247 363 31 " " PUNCT crl-14247 363 32 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 363 33 - - PUNCT crl-14247 363 34 building building NOUN crl-14247 363 35 , , PUNCT crl-14247 363 36 " " PUNCT crl-14247 363 37 in in ADP crl-14247 363 38 the the DET crl-14247 363 39 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 363 40 and and CCONJ crl-14247 363 41 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 363 42 of of ADP crl-14247 363 43 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 363 44 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 363 45 , , PUNCT crl-14247 363 46 p p NOUN crl-14247 363 47 .123 .123 NUM crl-14247 363 48 - - SYM crl-14247 363 49 47 47 NUM crl-14247 363 50 . . PUNCT crl-14247 364 1 75 75 NUM crl-14247 364 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 365 1 john john PROPN crl-14247 365 2 searle searle PROPN crl-14247 365 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 365 4 minds mind NOUN crl-14247 365 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 365 6 brains brain NOUN crl-14247 365 7 and and CCONJ crl-14247 365 8 science science NOUN crl-14247 365 9 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 365 10 cambridge cambridge PROPN crl-14247 365 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 365 12 mass mass PROPN crl-14247 365 13 . . PUNCT crl-14247 365 14 : : PUNCT crl-14247 365 15 harvard harvard PROPN crl-14247 365 16 univ univ PROPN crl-14247 365 17 . . PUNCT crl-14247 366 1 pr pr PROPN crl-14247 366 2 . . PROPN crl-14247 366 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 366 4 1984 1984 NUM crl-14247 366 5 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 366 6 , , PUNCT crl-14247 366 7 p.84 p.84 PROPN crl-14247 366 8 . . PUNCT crl-14247 367 1 76 76 NUM crl-14247 367 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 368 1 nicholson nicholson NOUN crl-14247 368 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 368 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 368 4 introduction introduction NOUN crl-14247 368 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 368 6 " " PUNCT crl-14247 368 7 p.15 p.15 NOUN crl-14247 368 8 . . PUNCT crl-14247 368 9 77 77 NUM crl-14247 368 10 . . PUNCT crl-14247 368 11 nicholson nicholson NOUN crl-14247 368 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 368 13 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 368 14 introduction introduction NOUN crl-14247 368 15 , , PUNCT crl-14247 368 16 '' '' PUNCT crl-14247 368 17 p p NOUN crl-14247 368 18 .12 .12 NUM crl-14247 368 19 . . PUNCT crl-14247 368 20 78 78 NUM crl-14247 368 21 . . PUNCT crl-14247 369 1 michael michael PROPN crl-14247 369 2 polanyi polanyi PROPN crl-14247 369 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 369 4 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 369 5 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 369 6 : : PUNCT crl-14247 369 7 towards towards ADP crl-14247 369 8 a a DET crl-14247 369 9 post post ADJ crl-14247 369 10 - - ADJ crl-14247 369 11 critical critical ADJ crl-14247 369 12 philosophy philosophy NOUN crl-14247 369 13 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 369 14 chicago chicago PROPN crl-14247 369 15 : : PUNCT crl-14247 369 16 univ univ PROPN crl-14247 369 17 . . PROPN crl-14247 369 18 of of ADP crl-14247 369 19 chicago chicago PROPN crl-14247 369 20 pr pr PROPN crl-14247 369 21 . . PROPN crl-14247 369 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 369 23 1972 1972 NUM crl-14247 369 24 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 369 25 , , PUNCT crl-14247 369 26 p.373 p.373 NOUN crl-14247 369 27 . . PUNCT crl-14247 370 1 79 79 NUM crl-14247 370 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 371 1 gerald gerald PROPN crl-14247 371 2 i. i. PROPN crl-14247 371 3 susman susman PROPN crl-14247 371 4 and and CCONJ crl-14247 371 5 rodger rodger PROPN crl-14247 371 6 d. d. PROPN crl-14247 371 7 evered evere VERB crl-14247 371 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 371 9 " " PUNCT crl-14247 371 10 an an DET crl-14247 371 11 assessment assessment NOUN crl-14247 371 12 of of ADP crl-14247 371 13 the the DET crl-14247 371 14 scientific scientific ADJ crl-14247 371 15 merits merit NOUN crl-14247 371 16 of of ADP crl-14247 371 17 action action NOUN crl-14247 371 18 research research NOUN crl-14247 371 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 371 20 " " PUNCT crl-14247 371 21 administration administration NOUN crl-14247 371 22 science science NOUN crl-14247 371 23 quarterly quarterly ADJ crl-14247 371 24 23:600 23:600 NUM crl-14247 371 25 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 371 26 dec dec PROPN crl-14247 371 27 . . PROPN crl-14247 371 28 1978 1978 NUM crl-14247 371 29 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 371 30 . . PUNCT crl-14247 372 1 80 80 NUM crl-14247 372 2 . . X crl-14247 372 3 hackman hackman NOUN crl-14247 372 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 372 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 372 6 doing do VERB crl-14247 372 7 research research NOUN crl-14247 372 8 that that PRON crl-14247 372 9 makes make VERB crl-14247 372 10 a a DET crl-14247 372 11 difference difference NOUN crl-14247 372 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 372 13 " " PUNCT crl-14247 372 14 p.154 p.154 NOUN crl-14247 372 15 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 372 16 donald donald PROPN crl-14247 372 17 a a DET crl-14247 372 18 : : PUNCT crl-14247 372 19 schon schon PROPN crl-14247 372 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 372 21 " " PUNCT crl-14247 372 22 education education NOUN crl-14247 372 23 for for ADP crl-14247 372 24 reflection reflection NOUN crl-14247 372 25 - - PUNCT crl-14247 372 26 in in ADP crl-14247 372 27 - - PUNCT crl-14247 372 28 action action NOUN crl-14247 372 29 : : PUNCT crl-14247 372 30 an an DET crl-14247 372 31 alternative alternative NOUN crl-14247 372 32 to to ADP crl-14247 372 33 the the DET crl-14247 372 34 positivist positivist ADJ crl-14247 372 35 epistemology epistemology NOUN crl-14247 372 36 of of ADP crl-14247 372 37 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 372 38 , , PUNCT crl-14247 372 39 " " PUNCT crl-14247 372 40 in in ADP crl-14247 372 41 the the DET crl-14247 372 42 optimum optimum ADJ crl-14247 372 43 utilization utilization NOUN crl-14247 372 44 of of ADP crl-14247 372 45 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 372 46 : : PUNCT crl-14247 372 47 making make VERB crl-14247 372 48 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 372 49 serve serve VERB crl-14247 372 50 human human ADJ crl-14247 372 51 betterment betterment NOUN crl-14247 372 52 , , PUNCT crl-14247 372 53 ed ed NOUN crl-14247 372 54 . . PUNCT crl-14247 373 1 by by ADP crl-14247 373 2 kenneth kenneth PROPN crl-14247 373 3 e. e. PROPN crl-14247 373 4 boulding boulding PROPN crl-14247 373 5 and and CCONJ crl-14247 373 6 lawrence lawrence PROPN crl-14247 373 7 senesh senesh PROPN crl-14247 373 8 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 373 9 boulder boulder NOUN crl-14247 373 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 373 11 colo colo PROPN crl-14247 373 12 . . PUNCT crl-14247 373 13 : : PUNCT crl-14247 373 14 westview westview VERB crl-14247 373 15 pr pr PROPN crl-14247 373 16 . . PROPN crl-14247 373 17 , , PUNCT crl-14247 373 18 1983 1983 NUM crl-14247 373 19 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 373 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 373 21 p p NOUN crl-14247 373 22 .314 .314 NUM crl-14247 373 23 - - SYM crl-14247 373 24 22 22 NUM crl-14247 373 25 ; ; PUNCT crl-14247 373 26 william william PROPN crl-14247 373 27 r. r. PROPN crl-14247 373 28 ferrell ferrell PROPN crl-14247 373 29 , , PUNCT crl-14247 373 30 " " PUNCT crl-14247 373 31 combining combine VERB crl-14247 373 32 individual individual ADJ crl-14247 373 33 judgments judgment NOUN crl-14247 373 34 , , PUNCT crl-14247 373 35 " " PUNCT crl-14247 373 36 in in ADP crl-14247 373 37 behavioral behavioral ADJ crl-14247 373 38 decision decision NOUN crl-14247 373 39 making making NOUN crl-14247 373 40 , , PUNCT crl-14247 373 41 ed ed NOUN crl-14247 373 42 . . PUNCT crl-14247 373 43 by by ADP crl-14247 373 44 george george PROPN crl-14247 373 45 wright wright PROPN crl-14247 373 46 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 373 47 new new PROPN crl-14247 373 48 york york PROPN crl-14247 373 49 : : PUNCT crl-14247 373 50 plenum plenum PROPN crl-14247 373 51 pr pr PROPN crl-14247 373 52 . . PROPN crl-14247 373 53 , , PUNCT crl-14247 373 54 1985 1985 NUM crl-14247 373 55 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 373 56 , , PUNCT crl-14247 373 57 p.111 p.111 PROPN crl-14247 373 58 - - SYM crl-14247 373 59 45 45 NUM crl-14247 373 60 . . PUNCT crl-14247 374 1 81 81 NUM crl-14247 374 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 375 1 robert robert PROPN crl-14247 375 2 lazer lazer PROPN crl-14247 375 3 , , PUNCT crl-14247 375 4 " " PUNCT crl-14247 375 5 the the DET crl-14247 375 6 ' ' PUNCT crl-14247 375 7 discrimination discrimination NOUN crl-14247 375 8 ' ' PUNCT crl-14247 375 9 danger danger NOUN crl-14247 375 10 in in ADP crl-14247 375 11 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 375 12 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 375 13 , , PUNCT crl-14247 375 14 " " PUNCT crl-14247 375 15 conference conference NOUN crl-14247 375 16 board board PROPN crl-14247 375 17 record record NOUN crl-14247 375 18 13:160 13:160 PROPN crl-14247 375 19 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 375 20 mar mar PROPN crl-14247 375 21 . . PROPN crl-14247 375 22 1976 1976 NUM crl-14247 375 23 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 375 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 376 1 82 82 X crl-14247 376 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 376 3 kane kane PROPN crl-14247 376 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 376 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 376 6 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 376 7 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 376 8 , , PUNCT crl-14247 376 9 " " PUNCT crl-14247 376 10 p.442 p.442 X crl-14247 376 11 . . PUNCT crl-14247 376 12 83 83 NUM crl-14247 376 13 . . PUNCT crl-14247 376 14 kane kane NOUN crl-14247 376 15 , , PUNCT crl-14247 376 16 " " PUNCT crl-14247 376 17 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 376 18 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 376 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 376 20 " " PUNCT crl-14247 376 21 p.426 p.426 NOUN crl-14247 376 22 . . PUNCT crl-14247 376 23 84 84 NUM crl-14247 376 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 377 1 edward edward PROPN crl-14247 377 2 e. e. PROPN crl-14247 377 3 lawler lawler PROPN crl-14247 377 4 iii iii PROPN crl-14247 377 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 377 6 motivation motivation NOUN crl-14247 377 7 in in ADP crl-14247 377 8 work work NOUN crl-14247 377 9 organizations organization NOUN crl-14247 377 10 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 377 11 monterey monterey PROPN crl-14247 377 12 , , PUNCT crl-14247 377 13 calif calif PROPN crl-14247 377 14 . . PROPN crl-14247 377 15 : : PUNCT crl-14247 377 16 brooks brooks PROPN crl-14247 377 17 / / SYM crl-14247 377 18 cole cole PROPN crl-14247 377 19 , , PUNCT crl-14247 377 20 1973 1973 NUM crl-14247 377 21 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 377 22 , , PUNCT crl-14247 377 23 p.199 p.199 VERB crl-14247 377 24 . . PUNCT crl-14247 378 1 85 85 NUM crl-14247 378 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 378 3 albert albert PROPN crl-14247 378 4 shapero shapero PROPN crl-14247 378 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 378 6 managing manage VERB crl-14247 378 7 professional professional ADJ crl-14247 378 8 people people NOUN crl-14247 378 9 : : PUNCT crl-14247 378 10 understanding understand VERB crl-14247 378 11 creative creative ADJ crl-14247 378 12 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 378 13 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 378 14 new new PROPN crl-14247 378 15 york york PROPN crl-14247 378 16 : : PUNCT crl-14247 378 17 free free ADJ crl-14247 378 18 pr pr PROPN crl-14247 378 19 . . PROPN crl-14247 378 20 , , PUNCT crl-14247 378 21 1985 1985 NUM crl-14247 378 22 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 378 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 378 24 p.90 p.90 NOUN crl-14247 378 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 379 1 performance performance NOUN crl-14247 379 2 appraisal appraisal NOUN crl-14247 379 3 451 451 NUM crl-14247 379 4 86 86 NUM crl-14247 379 5 . . PUNCT crl-14247 380 1 edward edward PROPN crl-14247 380 2 e. e. PROPN crl-14247 380 3 lawler lawler PROPN crl-14247 380 4 iii iii PROPN crl-14247 380 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 380 6 " " PUNCT crl-14247 380 7 challenging challenge VERB crl-14247 380 8 traditional traditional ADJ crl-14247 380 9 research research NOUN crl-14247 380 10 assumptions assumption NOUN crl-14247 380 11 , , PUNCT crl-14247 380 12 " " PUNCT crl-14247 380 13 in in ADP crl-14247 380 14 doing do VERB crl-14247 380 15 research research NOUN crl-14247 380 16 that that PRON crl-14247 380 17 is be AUX crl-14247 380 18 useful useful ADJ crl-14247 380 19 for for ADP crl-14247 380 20 theory theory NOUN crl-14247 380 21 and and CCONJ crl-14247 380 22 practice practice NOUN crl-14247 380 23 , , PUNCT crl-14247 380 24 p.12 p.12 PROPN crl-14247 380 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 381 1 87 87 NUM crl-14247 381 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 382 1 argyris argyris PROPN crl-14247 382 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 382 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 382 4 research research NOUN crl-14247 382 5 as as ADP crl-14247 382 6 action action NOUN crl-14247 382 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 382 8 " " PUNCT crl-14247 382 9 p.201 p.201 NOUN crl-14247 382 10 . . PUNCT crl-14247 383 1 88 88 NUM crl-14247 383 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 384 1 nicholson nicholson NOUN crl-14247 384 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 384 3 " " PUNCT crl-14247 384 4 introduction introduction NOUN crl-14247 384 5 , , PUNCT crl-14247 384 6 " " PUNCT crl-14247 384 7 p.3 p.3 X crl-14247 384 8 . . PUNCT crl-14247 384 9 89 89 NUM crl-14247 384 10 . . PUNCT crl-14247 385 1 kenneth kenneth PROPN crl-14247 385 2 j. j. PROPN crl-14247 385 3 gergen gergen PROPN crl-14247 385 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 385 5 " " PUNCT crl-14247 385 6 social social ADJ crl-14247 385 7 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 385 8 as as ADP crl-14247 385 9 history history NOUN crl-14247 385 10 , , PUNCT crl-14247 385 11 " " PUNCT crl-14247 385 12 journal journal NOUN crl-14247 385 13 of of ADP crl-14247 385 14 personality personality NOUN crl-14247 385 15 and and CCONJ crl-14247 385 16 social social ADJ crl-14247 385 17 psychology psychology NOUN crl-14247 385 18 26:309 26:309 NUM crl-14247 385 19 - - PUNCT crl-14247 385 20 20 20 NUM crl-14247 385 21 ( ( PUNCT crl-14247 385 22 may may AUX crl-14247 385 23 1973 1973 NUM crl-14247 385 24 ) ) PUNCT crl-14247 385 25 . . PUNCT crl-14247 386 1 90 90 NUM crl-14247 386 2 . . PUNCT crl-14247 386 3 polanyi polanyi NOUN crl-14247 386 4 , , PUNCT crl-14247 386 5 personal personal ADJ crl-14247 386 6 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-14247 386 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 386 8 p.264 p.264 ADJ crl-14247 386 9 . . PROPN crl-14247 386 10 91 91 NUM crl-14247 386 11 . . PUNCT crl-14247 387 1 schein schein PROPN crl-14247 387 2 , , PUNCT crl-14247 387 3 organizational organizational ADJ crl-14247 387 4 culture culture NOUN crl-14247 387 5 and and CCONJ crl-14247 387 6 leadership leadership NOUN crl-14247 387 7 , , PUNCT crl-14247 387 8 p.147 p.147 PROPN crl-14247 387 9 . . PUNCT