Instructions to a son by Archibald, late Marquis of Argyle ; written in the time of his confinement.
         Argyll, Archibald Campbell, Marquis of, 1598-1661.
      
       
         
           1661
        
      
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         Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 1394:9)
      
       
         
           
             Instructions to a son by Archibald, late Marquis of Argyle ; written in the time of his confinement.
             Argyll, Archibald Campbell, Marquis of, 1598-1661.
          
           [7], 177 p. : port.
           
             Printed for J. Latham,
             London :
             1661.
          
           
             Caption title reads: "The Marquiss of Argyl's instructions to his son."
             Reproduction of original in the Harvard University Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Conduct of life.
           Youth -- Conduct of life.
        
      
    
     
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                 Lo
                 here
                 ,
                 the
                 Genius
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 Arguyle
              
               
                 Whose
                 Politicks
                 and
                 Ethicks
                 in
                 one
                 pyle
              
               
                 Like
                 Anchor
                 Buoys
                 ,
                 appeare
                 to
                 teach
                 thee
                 Wit
              
               
                 To
                 shun
                 those
                 rocks
                 on
                 which
                 himselfe
                 was
                 split
              
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           
             Instructions
             to
             a
             Son.
          
           BY
           ARCHIBALD
           Late
           Marquiss
           of
           Argyle
           .
           WRITTEN
           In
           the
           time
           of
           his
           Confinement
           .
        
         
           London
           ,
           Printed
           for
           
             J.
             Latham
          
           at
           the
           Mitre
           in
           Saint
           Pauls
           Church-yard
           ,
           1661.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           THE
           PUBLISHER
           TO
           THE
           READER
           .
        
         
           THat
           the
           Author
           of
           this
           ensuing
           Treatise
           ,
           was
           an
           able
           States-man
           ,
           and
           of
           excellent
           natural
           endownments
           ,
           a
           Master
           of
           reason
           ,
           and
           the
           most
           accomplish'd
           Scholar
           of
           
           experience
           ,
           will
           without
           scruple
           be
           allowed
           to
           his
           ashes
           :
           From
           them
           ,
           this
           product
           of
           his
           notable
           spirit
           ,
           these
           Posthuma
           (
           he
           having
           envyed
           the
           uncharitable
           world
           other
           remains
           of
           his
           choise
           literature
           and
           observation
           ,
           )
           have
           taken
           wing
           into
           the
           world
           ,
           and
           by
           your
           candid
           acceptance
           may
           surmount
           his
           Fate
           :
           He
           
           hath
           not
           at
           all
           herein
           consulted
           his
           reputation
           and
           esteem
           of
           learning
           or
           abilities
           ,
           which
           were
           very
           eminent
           in
           him
           ,
           but
           hath
           descended
           to
           the
           plainness
           which
           affections
           require
           ,
           without
           any
           art
           or
           elegancy
           of
           Ornament
           ,
           as
           more
           becoming
           the
           sincerity
           of
           his
           paternal
           love
           .
           This
           was
           judged
           fit
           to
           be
           premised
           ,
           that
           the
           expecting
           
           Reader
           might
           not
           be
           stumbled
           at
           the
           easiness
           and
           common
           language
           ,
           with
           which
           he
           hath
           cloathed
           his
           most
           difficult
           cares
           and
           thoughts
           for
           his
           Children
           ;
           and
           withall
           to
           let
           you
           know
           that
           this
           copy
           was
           transmitted
           hither
           by
           a
           worthy
           hand
           ,
           and
           saving
           the
           alteration
           of
           some
           Scoth
           words
           ,
           which
           would
           puzzle
           the
           English
           
           Reader
           ,
           is
           faithfully
           Printed
           ;
           To
           them
           I
           commend
           it
           ,
           and
           remain
           ,
        
         
           
             Your
             Friend
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
         
           The
           Contents
           .
        
         
           
             THe
             Marquess
             of
             Argyls
             instructions
             to
             his
             Son.
             fol.
             1
          
           
             The
             Marquess
             of
             Argyls
             instructions
             to
             his
             Children
             .
             fol.
             20
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               I.
            
             Of
             Religion
             .
             fol.
             29
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               II.
            
             Of
             Marriage
             .
             fol.
             39
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               III.
            
             Of
             the
             Court.
             fol.
             49
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               IV.
            
             Of
             Friendship
             .
             fol.
             59
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               V.
            
             Of
             Travail
             .
             fol.
             69
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               VI.
            
             Of
             Hous
             keeping
             and
             Hospitality
             .
             fol.
             79
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               VII
            
             .
             Tenants
             and
             other
             concerns
             of
             Estate
             .
             fol.
             89
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               VIII
            
             .
             Of
             Study
             and
             Exercise
             .
             fol.
             98
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               IX
            
             .
             Of
             Pleasure
             ,
             Idleness
             ,
             &c
             fol.
             107
          
           
             
             
               CHAP.
               X.
            
             Considerations
             of
             life
             .
             fol.
             116
          
           
             Maxims
             of
             State.
             fol.
             125
          
           
             Miscellaneous
             Observations
             .
             fol.
             169
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           The
           Marquiss
           OF
           ARGYL'S
           Instructions
           to
           his
           Son.
           
        
         
           
             SON
             ,
          
        
         
           I
           Know
           there
           are
           several
           books
           in
           Print
           ,
           written
           Prudently
           ,
           Politickly
           ,
           and
           Piously
           of
           this
           very
           title
           of
           late
           years
           .
           I
           confess
           ,
           most
           of
           them
           were
           of
           particular
           entendment
           to
           their
           own
           relations
           ,
           the
           reason
           probably
           that
           they
           are
           not
           of
           such
           general
           observation
           and
           use
           ;
           
           others
           designed
           out
           of
           presumptuous
           ambition
           ,
           of
           exceeding
           by
           imitation
           such
           rare
           patterns
           as
           went
           before
           ,
           in
           the
           accessions
           of
           wit
           and
           elegant
           discourse
           ,
           discoloured
           sometime
           with
           urbane
           ,
           facete
           Prophaness
           .
        
         
           Ido
           acknowledge
           't
           is
           a
           singular
           and
           the
           right
           way
           of
           transmiting
           of
           a
           mans
           memory
           to
           posterity
           ,
           especially
           to
           his
           own
           ;
           it
           argues
           a
           kind
           of
           reverence
           that
           men
           bear
           to
           themselves
           when
           they
           can
           so
           impartially
           unbosome
           themselves
           in
           the
           account
           and
           register
           of
           all
           their
           Actions
           ,
           and
           can
           shew
           no
           disliked
           experience
           of
           them
           ,
           as
           to
           their
           own
           proper
           guilt
           .
           I
           do
           not
           hereby
           understand
           what
           concerns
           religion
           ,
           who
           can
           excuse
           or
           extenuate
           his
           failings
           ?
           but
           of
           moral
           transient
           Acts
           ,
           
           to
           the
           evil
           of
           which
           no
           man
           is
           so
           strongly
           inclinable
           ,
           but
           by
           the
           bias
           of
           a
           corrupt
           education
           .
        
         
           Many
           very
           sententious
           pieces
           are
           extant
           among
           Ancient
           Authors
           of
           this
           subject
           ,
           but
           I
           know
           none
           Testamentary
           but
           among
           the
           Moderns
           ,
           and
           of
           them
           we
           have
           some
           excellent
           Princes
           ,
           and
           renowned
           Statesmen
           .
        
         
           My
           care
           of
           you
           ,
           whom
           I
           would
           have
           to
           consider
           your self
           ,
           as
           the
           prop
           of
           an
           ancient
           Honorable
           Family
           ,
           is
           no
           way
           less
           then
           theirs
           ,
           however
           I
           am
           inferiour
           to
           them
           in
           Dignity
           and
           Judgment
           :
           and
           therefore
           I
           will
           trace
           a
           beaten
           way
           ,
           rather
           then
           lose
           my self
           and
           you
           in
           a
           general
           discourse
           ;
           what
           I
           come
           short
           of
           here
           ,
           you
           cannot
           misse
           in
           their
           common
           places
           ,
           and
           so
           
           I
           may
           be
           sure
           I
           shall
           attain
           my
           end
           .
        
         
           Probably
           men
           may
           think
           I
           can
           adde
           nothing
           to
           that
           store
           ,
           but
           if
           they
           consider
           my
           station
           ,
           and
           how
           far
           concerned
           in
           these
           Times
           ,
           they
           may
           rather
           expect
           novel
           Politicks
           from
           me
           ,
           such
           a
           variation
           of
           the
           Latitude
           of
           the
           most
           approved
           and
           received
           maximes
           of
           State
           lying
           in
           the
           sphere
           in
           which
           I
           acted
           ;
           but
           the
           managery
           of
           the
           Counsels
           of
           those
           times
           ,
           were
           by
           success
           ,
           or
           the
           monstrous
           guilt
           and
           fraud
           of
           the
           Politicians
           so
           irregular
           ,
           that
           I
           cannot
           if
           I
           would
           bring
           them
           under
           Heads
           ,
           though
           up
           and
           down
           as
           they
           occur
           I
           may
           point
           at
           them
           .
        
         
           I
           confess
           ,
           't
           was
           my
           great
           misfortune
           to
           be
           so
           deeply
           engaged
           in
           these
           Fatal
           Times
           ;
           I
           know
           the
           Nobility
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           have
           
           always
           bickered
           with
           their
           Princes
           ,
           and
           from
           the
           insolency
           of
           that
           Custome
           ,
           not
           any
           of
           our
           Kings
           have
           been
           free
           .
           'T
           is
           also
           true
           ,
           the
           perpetual
           Family
           feuds
           among
           us
           ,
           which
           by
           all
           the
           industry
           and
           Authority
           of
           our
           Princes
           ,
           could
           never
           be
           so
           pacified
           ,
           but
           that
           they
           revived
           again
           ,
           and
           took
           upon
           themselves
           as
           they
           had
           advantage
           to
           revenge
           their
           quarrel
           ;
           (
           and
           yet
           like
           sudden
           floods
           which
           violently
           over-run
           ,
           and
           as
           peacably
           return
           within
           their
           banks
           ,
           abated
           to
           their
           due
           allegiance
           ,
           )
           did
           easily
           perswade
           me
           that
           there
           was
           no
           such
           apparent
           danger
           in
           the
           first
           beginnings
           of
           the
           contest
           ,
           betwixt
           the
           King
           and
           my
           Nation
           of
           Scotland
           .
           I
           had
           laid
           it
           for
           a
           maxime
           ,
           that
           a
           Reformation
           was
           sooner
           effected
           per
           
           
             Gladium
             Oris
          
           ,
           then
           
             per
             Os
             Gladii
          
           ;
           and
           certainly
           true
           Religion
           is
           rather
           a
           setler
           ,
           then
           stickler
           in
           Policy
           ,
           and
           rather
           confirms
           men
           in
           obedience
           to
           the
           Government
           established
           ,
           then
           invites
           them
           to
           the
           erecting
           of
           new
           ;
           which
           they
           neither
           do
           nor
           can
           know
           ,
           till
           it
           be
           discovered
           and
           declared
           .
           Wherein
           I
           did
           not
           look
           upon
           our
           intended
           Reformation
           as
           any
           way
           taxable
           ,
           since
           it
           had
           the
           whole
           stream
           of
           universal
           consent
           of
           the
           whole
           Nation
           ;
           I
           never
           thought
           of
           those
           dire
           consequences
           which
           presently
           followed
           ,
           till
           by
           that
           confusion
           my
           thoughts
           became
           distracted
           ,
           and
           my self
           incountred
           so
           many
           difficulties
           in
           the
           way
           ,
           that
           all
           remedies
           that
           were
           applyed
           did
           the
           quite
           contrary
           operation
           ;
           whatever
           
           therefore
           hath
           been
           said
           by
           me
           and
           others
           in
           this
           matter
           ,
           you
           must
           repute
           and
           accept
           them
           as
           from
           a
           distracted
           Man
           ,
           of
           a
           distracted
           Subject
           ,
           in
           a
           distracted
           Time
           wherein
           I
           lived
           :
           and
           this
           shall
           serve
           to
           let
           you
           know
           how
           far
           I
           waded
           unwarily
           in
           that
           business
           .
        
         
           I
           will
           not
           however
           counsel
           you
           ,
           if
           any
           such
           lamentable
           commotions
           (
           which
           God
           forbid
           )
           should
           break
           out
           ,
           for
           my
           unhappiness
           ,
           to
           withdraw
           your self
           ,
           from
           interposing
           to
           quench
           and
           allay
           them
           as
           much
           as
           by
           your
           Authority
           you
           can
           ,
           (
           however
           I
           was
           mistaken
           by
           some
           in
           my
           Actions
           ,
           I
           did
           labour
           for
           a
           right
           understanding
           ,
           )
           but
           be
           sure
           let
           your
           Allegiance
           keep
           the
           ballance
           ;
           by
           no
           means
           stand
           like
           a
           neuter
           in
           the
           cause
           of
           your
           
           King
           and
           Country
           .
           That
           Decree
           of
           Solons
           ,
           that
           every
           man
           that
           in
           a
           general
           Commotion
           was
           of
           neither
           party
           ,
           should
           be
           adjudged
           infamous
           ,
           is
           rightly
           decreed
           of
           great
           men
           .
           Popular
           furies
           would
           never
           have
           end
           ,
           if
           not
           awed
           by
           their
           Superiours
           ,
           who
           supinely
           neglecting
           such
           outrages
           ,
           not
           ordinarily
           ,
           are
           rnined
           and
           depress'd
           in
           their
           own
           Estates
           and
           Honours
           ,
           a
           late
           example
           whereof
           we
           had
           in
           our
           neighbour
           Nation
           ;
           the
           People
           will
           soon
           learn
           their
           own
           strength
           ,
           that
           
             Summa
             Potestas
             radicatur
             in
             voluntatibus
             Hominum
          
           ;
           and
           from
           thence
           inferre
           ,
           that
           the
           popular
           power
           excels
           the
           power
           of
           the
           Noblesse
           .
        
         
           Great
           men
           therefore
           ,
           are
           in
           some
           sort
           as
           necessary
           as
           good
           men
           ,
           as
           power
           is
           as
           requisite
           as
           
           wisedome
           ,
           where
           they
           are
           both
           wanting
           ,
           
             Imperium
             in
             Imperio
             quaerendum
             est
          
           .
           Your
           famous
           Ancestors
           by
           both
           these
           ,
           have
           kept
           their
           Vassals
           (
           and
           what
           is
           well
           done
           in
           one
           canton
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           is
           like
           to
           be
           imitated
           throughout
           ,
           )
           in
           a
           quiet
           subjection
           ,
           and
           good
           comportment
           many
           generations
           ,
           and
           I
           question
           not
           but
           you
           will
           find
           the
           same
           reverence
           from
           them
           ,
           if
           you
           do
           not
           degenerate
           .
        
         
           Do
           not
           content
           your self
           with
           the
           bare
           titles
           of
           greatness
           ,
           
             Principis
             tantum
             nomen
             habere
             non
             est
             esse
             Princeps
             ,
          
           that
           power
           is
           vain
           which
           never
           exerts
           it self
           forth
           into
           Act.
           
        
         
           The
           loosness
           of
           these
           late
           Times
           will
           require
           at
           first
           a
           gentle
           hand
           ,
           while
           you
           have
           got
           the
           bridle
           in
           the
           mouths
           of
           your
           
           Family
           ,
           Dependants
           and
           Vassels
           ,
           then
           you
           may
           curbe
           them
           ,
           and
           reduce
           them
           to
           the
           former
           obedience
           they
           once
           willingly
           paid
           .
           I
           have
           had
           a
           difficult
           task
           with
           them
           ,
           yet
           by
           one
           means
           or
           other
           I
           kept
           them
           in
           order
           ;
           nor
           will
           they
           be
           ever
           serviceable
           to
           their
           Supreme
           ,
           if
           they
           be
           not
           in
           a
           due
           subjection
           to
           you
           ,
           their
           immediate
           Lord.
           
        
         
           Take
           all
           fair
           occasions
           of
           doing
           your
           Soverain
           service
           ,
           let
           that
           be
           your
           only
           Emulation
           with
           other
           Noble
           Houses
           ,
           supply
           the
           great
           and
           necessary
           distance
           of
           your
           Prince
           from
           this
           his
           Native
           Kingdome
           ,
           by
           a
           close
           application
           of
           your self
           to
           his
           concerns
           ,
           if
           not
           in
           a
           publick
           capacity
           ,
           yet
           in
           your
           private
           sphear
           ,
           which
           will
           soon
           advance
           you
           to
           higher
           Trusts
           .
        
         
         
           You
           have
           a
           great
           task
           to
           do
           ,
           you
           must
           from
           the
           bottome
           climb
           up
           to
           the
           mount
           of
           Honour
           ,
           a
           very
           abrupt
           and
           difficult
           ascent
           ;
           which
           yet
           ,
           nevertheless
           by
           observing
           the
           sure
           footings
           of
           some
           of
           your
           progenitors
           ,
           and
           the
           slips
           of
           others
           ,
           particularly
           those
           recent
           slidings
           of
           mine
           own
           ,
           (
           for
           other
           they
           are
           not
           )
           you
           may
           at
           last
           attain
           the
           top
           ,
           and
           by
           your
           own
           merit
           and
           your
           Princes
           favour
           ,
           your
           House
           may
           be
           Culminant
           again
           .
        
         
           If
           it
           shall
           so
           happen
           ,
           as
           I
           despair
           not
           of
           it
           ,
           (
           ancient
           merit
           with
           good
           Princes
           (
           such
           as
           without
           flattery
           I
           may
           say
           the
           most
           of
           ours
           were
           and
           are
           like
           to
           be
           ,
           )
           will
           out-last
           their
           longest
           displeasure
           ,
           )
           have
           a
           care
           then
           of
           that
           Precipice
           ;
           let
           no
           revenge
           or
           ambition
           blind
           you
           into
           destruction
           ;
           
           you
           may
           poise
           your self
           with
           your
           wings
           of
           Honour
           and
           Greatness
           ,
           but
           venture
           not
           ,
           nor
           presume
           to
           fly
           .
        
         
           Covet
           not
           with
           immoderate
           hast
           Lands
           ,
           Riches
           ,
           Honour
           ,
           for
           it
           is
           seldom
           that
           men
           whose
           rash
           desires
           and
           designs
           are
           laid
           out
           that
           way
           ,
           compass
           their
           full
           content
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           most
           part
           meet
           with
           a
           destiny
           far
           other
           then
           they
           expected
           ;
           and
           when
           they
           are
           once
           so
           disappointed
           ,
           Fortune
           or
           rather
           Providence
           so
           much
           amazeth
           the
           judgment
           even
           of
           wise
           men
           ,
           as
           in
           time
           of
           danger
           they
           know
           not
           what
           resolution
           is
           best
           to
           be
           taken
           .
           You
           will
           not
           be
           necessitated
           through
           the
           want
           of
           these
           three
           ,
           so
           as
           to
           reach
           at
           them
           unlawfully
           ,
           and
           endanger
           what
           you
           have
           in
           possession
           ,
           and
           your self
           together
           .
        
         
         
           I
           do
           not
           much
           regret
           your
           private
           life
           ,
           nor
           should
           I
           labour
           to
           bring
           you
           into
           State
           Employment
           ,
           for
           there
           is
           no
           course
           more
           comely
           ,
           nor
           any
           resolution
           so
           well
           beseeming
           a
           wise
           man
           ,
           having
           made
           proof
           of
           his
           own
           vertue
           ,
           as
           to
           retire
           himself
           from
           Court
           and
           Company
           ,
           for
           so
           he
           shall
           shun
           the
           inconveniencies
           of
           contempt
           ,
           and
           the
           discommodity
           of
           a
           perpetual
           trouble
           .
        
         
           I
           have
           tryed
           and
           found
           the
           many
           perplexities
           that
           attend
           that
           life
           ,
           and
           have
           reaped
           nothing
           but
           calumny
           and
           envy
           ,
           though
           I
           do
           not
           say
           this
           is
           the
           fate
           of
           all
           Statists
           ;
           this
           I
           am
           sure
           ,
           the
           best
           way
           of
           coming
           there
           ,
           is
           without
           popular
           fame
           or
           over-vogued
           merit
           ,
           especially
           by
           the
           interest
           of
           a
           Favourite
           .
        
         
         
           But
           who
           so
           cannot
           endure
           the
           envy
           and
           hate
           that
           are
           the
           attendants
           thereof
           ,
           must
           set
           down
           with
           his
           present
           condition
           ,
           and
           not
           meddle
           with
           ,
           or
           enterprise
           great
           matters
           ;
           for
           great
           Honours
           being
           desired
           of
           many
           ,
           it
           is
           of
           necessity
           that
           he
           that
           aspireth
           unto
           them
           ,
           must
           be
           for
           his
           advancement
           thereunto
           envied
           ,
           and
           for
           his
           Authority
           hated
           ;
           which
           ,
           although
           they
           be
           well
           managed
           and
           used
           ,
           yet
           those
           who
           hate
           and
           envy
           ,
           perswading
           themselves
           they
           might
           be
           better
           handled
           ,
           endevour
           to
           oppress
           that
           power
           as
           fearing
           it
           might
           be
           worse
           .
        
         
           You
           will
           have
           time
           after
           the
           setling
           of
           your
           own
           private
           Fortunes
           to
           cast
           about
           for
           some
           honorable
           advantages
           for
           your self
           .
           Time
           is
           the
           best
           Counsellour
           ,
           
           rather
           let
           Magistracy
           want
           you
           ,
           then
           you
           want
           it
           ;
           which
           you
           may
           effect
           ,
           if
           by
           a
           wise
           moderation
           you
           can
           slight
           those
           insignia
           which
           the
           world
           knows
           your
           Ancestors
           have
           born
           with
           commendation
           and
           honour
           ,
           and
           who
           have
           added
           more
           lustre
           to
           them
           ,
           then
           the
           want
           of
           them
           can
           take
           from
           you
           .
        
         
           Keep
           a
           firm
           and
           amicable
           correspondence
           with
           your
           neighbours
           howsoever
           ,
           but
           so
           that
           it
           be
           far
           from
           giving
           any
           suspition
           of
           making
           parties
           or
           factions
           ;
           this
           is
           chiefly
           attained
           by
           a
           generous
           compliance
           and
           noble
           familiarity
           ,
           that
           's
           the
           way
           to
           be
           loved
           and
           Honoured
           ,
           which
           works
           so
           many
           good
           effects
           ,
           as
           daily
           experience
           sufficeth
           without
           any
           express
           example
           to
           prove
           them
           of
           great
           force
           .
           If
           
           you
           be
           happy
           in
           this
           particular
           ,
           this
           will
           be
           your
           certain
           repose
           ,
           and
           may
           not
           be
           reckoned
           within
           the
           
             Externa
             bona
             Fortunae
          
           .
        
         
           To
           compass
           this
           ,
           take
           an
           exact
           care
           that
           your
           actions
           be
           just
           ,
           be
           not
           offended
           at
           every
           injury
           ,
           wink
           sometimes
           at
           your
           wrong
           ,
           but
           beware
           of
           unnecessary
           revenges
           .
           I
           leave
           you
           enemies
           enough
           ,
           't
           will
           be
           meat
           and
           drink
           (
           as
           the
           English
           Proverb
           )
           to
           them
           ,
           to
           see
           you
           froward
           and
           quarrelsome
           ;
           bear
           off
           all
           the
           affronts
           that
           be
           put
           upon
           you
           with
           an
           inviolable
           invincible
           mind
           ,
           and
           let
           them
           see
           you
           are
           above
           them
           ;
           Master
           all
           your
           pasfions
           and
           affections
           ,
           and
           so
           discipline
           them
           that
           they
           may
           become
           your
           most
           necessary
           Servants
           .
        
         
           You
           will
           be
           freed
           ,
           by
           this
           
           your
           retirement
           from
           publique
           employment
           ,
           of
           adulation
           and
           flattery
           ,
           and
           by
           that
           means
           will
           the
           better
           and
           more
           plainly
           and
           sincerely
           converse
           with
           your self
           ,
           and
           be
           able
           to
           give
           a
           near
           judgment
           what
           you
           are
           ,
           and
           of
           your
           abilities
           and
           defects
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           most
           necessary
           knowledge
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           and
           which
           will
           recompense
           the
           disuse
           of
           other
           Policy
           .
           
             E
             Coelo
             descendit
          
           ,
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
        
         
           Demean
           your self
           in
           an
           equality
           of
           mind
           ,
           that
           may
           show
           Fortune
           hath
           no
           power
           over
           you
           ,
           that
           her
           excesses
           and
           recesses
           ,
           her
           over-flows
           nor
           her
           low
           ebbs
           ,
           can
           either
           drown
           or
           dry
           up
           your
           vertue
           .
           'T
           is
           but
           Common
           Fate
           ;
           as
           the
           Sea
           loseth
           in
           one
           place
           it
           gets
           in
           another
           ;
           so
           contrarily
           ,
           such
           shakings
           
           as
           these
           which
           through
           me
           befall
           my
           family
           ,
           may
           by
           your
           prudence
           rivet
           it
           faster
           .
        
         
           This
           I
           thought
           fit
           in
           general
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           Condition
           I
           shall
           leave
           you
           in
           ,
           to
           direct
           and
           advise
           you
           ;
           only
           one
           word
           more
           :
           I
           charge
           you
           to
           forget
           ,
           and
           not
           harbour
           any
           animofity
           or
           particular
           anger
           against
           any
           man
           concerning
           me
           .
           Such
           heart-burnings
           have
           been
           the
           destruction
           of
           many
           a
           Noble
           person
           in
           this
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           I
           know
           not
           of
           any
           person
           so
           given
           ,
           but
           the
           very
           same
           measure
           hath
           been
           meeted
           unto
           him
           again
           .
           The
           Cup
           is
           gone
           round
           ,
           and
           therefore
           content
           your self
           ;
           but
           above
           all
           I
           require
           you
           to
           have
           more
           regard
           to
           Christianity
           ,
           then
           covertly
           or
           basely
           to
           kill
           a
           particular
           Enemy
           by
           secret
           assault
           or
           practise
           ,
           
           it
           being
           altogether
           most
           unwarrantable
           either
           by
           Faith
           or
           Honour
           .
        
         
           And
           this
           by
           way
           of
           Praemise
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           To
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           CHILDREN
           .
        
         
           
             Children
             ,
          
        
         
           AS
           you
           are
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           me
           ,
           and
           in
           whom
           I
           may
           promise
           to
           my self
           a
           continuance
           of
           succession
           ,
           so
           have
           I
           also
           a
           paternal
           care
           (
           more
           incumbent
           on
           me
           now
           )
           towards
           you
           :
           I
           shall
           therefore
           in
           some
           particular
           directions
           to
           you
           ,
           as
           the
           monuments
           of
           my
           affection
           ,
           advise
           and
           counsel
           you
           ,
           in
           what
           shall
           be
           necessary
           and
           expedient
           for
           your
           several
           conditions
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           therefore
           make
           not
           hast
           
           to
           put
           your selves
           out
           of
           the
           government
           or
           charge
           of
           those
           to
           whose
           care
           and
           tuition
           I
           have
           committed
           you
           ;
           if
           any
           thing
           happen
           that
           shall
           offer
           you
           advantage
           in
           another
           station
           of
           life
           ,
           then
           I
           leave
           you
           ,
           I
           require
           you
           to
           consult
           with
           them
           first
           .
           I
           have
           laid
           a
           sacred
           obligation
           upon
           them
           to
           assist
           and
           aid
           you
           in
           all
           matters
           ,
           which
           if
           you
           neglect
           or
           contemn
           ,
           you
           will
           soon
           find
           your selves
           left
           to
           the
           world
           ,
           as
           a
           ship
           to
           the
           raging
           sea
           ,
           without
           Furniture
           or
           Anchors
           .
        
         
           Above
           all
           ,
           bear
           that
           constant
           filial
           duty
           to
           your
           Mother
           ,
           which
           her
           piety
           and
           tenderness
           in
           your
           Education
           ,
           most
           justly
           call
           for
           at
           your
           hands
           ;
           her
           great
           indulgence
           towards
           you
           ,
           and
           her
           entire
           affection
           to
           me
           in
           all
           
           my
           suffering
           of
           late
           ,
           deserve
           very
           much
           at
           my
           hand
           ;
           and
           therefore
           I
           charge
           you
           to
           shew
           that
           respect
           to
           her
           for
           me
           ,
           which
           I
           would
           have
           done
           my self
           ,
           and
           in
           which
           ,
           in
           all
           the
           time
           of
           our
           wedlock
           you
           have
           known
           me
           to
           have
           continued
           .
           Fail
           not
           in
           any
           outward
           circumstance
           of
           honour
           and
           reverence
           to
           her
           ,
           that
           so
           by
           your
           dutiful
           behaviour
           and
           carriage
           towards
           her
           ,
           some
           of
           the
           harshness
           and
           asperity
           of
           her
           present
           condition
           may
           be
           alleviated
           .
        
         
           To
           your
           Eldest
           Brother
           ,
           who
           is
           the
           Prince
           of
           your
           Family
           ,
           shew
           your selves
           obedient
           and
           loving
           ;
           he
           is
           my
           substitute
           ,
           your
           Honour
           is
           bound
           up
           in
           his
           ,
           in
           him
           it
           now
           rests
           ,
           and
           may
           for
           a
           while
           not
           appear
           in
           its
           lustre
           ;
           take
           heed
           therefore
           you
           
           do
           not
           by
           any
           dis-respect
           quite
           extinguish
           it
           ;
           your
           due
           observance
           of
           him
           will
           preserve
           it
           in
           the
           minds
           of
           all
           men
           ,
           who
           are
           not
           strangers
           to
           the
           ancient
           worth
           and
           merit
           of
           
             Our
             House
          
           .
        
         
           With
           one
           another
           maintain
           a
           mutual
           love
           and
           confidence
           :
           This
           happiness
           you
           may
           have
           by
           my
           adversity
           to
           indear
           your selves
           more
           to
           one
           another
           ,
           lay
           out
           no
           affection
           upon
           the
           world
           ,
           but
           keep
           the
           entire
           stock
           for
           your selves
           .
           Let
           that
           equal
           love
           which
           I
           bear
           you
           ,
           and
           which
           I
           leave
           with
           you
           ,
           be
           communicated
           among
           you
           ,
           by
           a
           constant
           amity
           to
           one
           another
           ;
           which
           will
           be
           the
           better
           Cemented
           by
           your
           religious
           and
           godly
           Conversation
           ,
           wherein
           I
           trust
           you
           have
           been
           so
           well
           instructed
           ,
           that
           my
           memory
           shall
           not
           be
           
           charged
           or
           blamed
           for
           your
           education
           .
        
         
           Keep
           a
           Decorum
           in
           your
           present
           condition
           ,
           value
           not
           your selves
           the
           worse
           for
           one
           riot
           or
           attempt
           of
           fortune
           made
           upon
           me
           ;
           mind
           not
           her
           temporary
           outrages
           ;
           vertue
           is
           the
           true
           standard
           ,
           such
           allays
           pass
           not
           with
           her
           ,
           fix
           your self
           upon
           your
           own
           worth
           ,
           and
           no
           engine
           of
           fate
           can
           remove
           you
           from
           that
           Basis.
           Pusill
           animity
           is
           a
           vice
           almost
           needless
           to
           be
           warned
           of
           ,
           because
           noble
           minds
           do
           always
           
             niti
             contra
          
           ,
           and
           bear
           up
           against
           their
           extremities
           ,
           till
           they
           have
           either
           surmounted
           them
           by
           their
           bravery
           ,
           and
           ascended
           to
           their
           first
           height
           ,
           or
           levelled
           them
           by
           their
           patience
           and
           equanimity
           ,
           plain'd
           their
           difficulties
           ,
           and
           made
           them
           
           even
           with
           their
           contented
           minds
           .
        
         
           The
           small
           Portions
           I
           have
           left
           you
           ,
           (
           though
           the
           world
           miscounts
           them
           as
           great
           matters
           ,
           and
           I
           could
           wish
           they
           amounted
           to
           their
           sums
           )
           you
           must
           improve
           as
           talents
           ,
           serve
           your
           necessities
           with
           them
           ,
           not
           your
           pleasures
           ;
           what
           the
           Royal
           Bounty
           may
           hereafter
           do
           by
           way
           of
           restitution
           ,
           you
           may
           do
           with
           it
           as
           may
           be
           most
           subservient
           to
           your
           Honour
           ;
           you
           will
           not
           be
           liable
           to
           great
           expences
           ,
           you
           are
           free
           from
           any
           dependency
           on
           Court
           ,
           where
           men
           spend
           money
           ,
           on
           a
           vanity
           called
           Hope
           .
           As
           for
           marriage
           ,
           (
           of
           which
           I
           shall
           speak
           more
           largely
           hereafter
           and
           of
           which
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           this
           Monition
           ,
           I
           gave
           you
           a
           Caution
           ,
           )
           your
           vertue
           must
           supply
           
           dower
           ,
           though
           I
           trust
           I
           have
           left
           a
           Competency
           (
           with
           your
           vertues
           )
           to
           match
           you
           to
           any
           family
           in
           Scotland
           .
        
         
           Behave
           your selves
           therefore
           prudently
           ,
           decently
           ,
           and
           warily
           to
           all
           people
           ,
           that
           so
           you
           may
           gain
           the
           general
           good
           will
           and
           benevolence
           of
           all
           ;
           imitate
           the
           example
           your
           Mother
           hath
           set
           before
           you
           ;
           stand
           upon
           your
           guard
           against
           all
           pleasures
           ,
           or
           other
           baits
           or
           allurements
           that
           shall
           tempt
           you
           to
           any
           unlawful
           actions
           or
           desires
           ,
           which
           may
           practise
           upon
           you
           either
           in
           your
           Conscience
           ,
           or
           in
           your
           Reputation
           :
           and
           resolve
           this
           as
           a
           sure
           rule
           with
           your selves
           ,
           that
           no
           person
           is
           wise
           or
           safe
           ,
           but
           he
           that
           is
           honest
           .
        
         
           Fear
           your
           Creator
           ,
           and
           serve
           him
           with
           all
           your
           might
           ,
           begin
           
           all
           your
           works
           and
           actions
           with
           him
           ,
           't
           is
           he
           onely
           can
           succeed
           and
           prosper
           them
           .
           If
           you
           pursue
           your
           own
           designs
           upon
           your
           own
           bottome
           ,
           the
           conclusion
           will
           be
           your
           own
           ruin
           ,
           for
           he
           can
           wither
           and
           blast
           at
           his
           pleasure
           sinful
           undertakings
           .
           I
           shall
           never
           despair
           of
           Gods
           blessing
           upon
           you
           ,
           nor
           doubt
           his
           all-sufficiency
           for
           you
           ,
           if
           you
           apply
           your self
           to
           him
           ,
           and
           make
           his
           fear
           the
           rule
           of
           your
           Lives
           .
        
         
           You
           ,
           see
           that
           to
           be
           descended
           of
           great
           Personages
           ,
           is
           no
           exemption
           from
           the
           strokes
           of
           fortune
           ;
           but
           to
           be
           descended
           of
           a
           Heavenly
           race
           ,
           will
           carry
           you
           out
           of
           the
           reach
           of
           those
           misfortunes
           which
           are
           incident
           to
           Humanity
           .
        
         
           Imploy
           therefore
           your
           time
           in
           renewing
           your
           alliances
           there
           ,
           
           probably
           your
           consanguinity
           and
           relations
           here
           ,
           may
           stand
           off
           from
           you
           ,
           like
           Jobs
           friends
           in
           his
           adversity
           .
           Desertions
           are
           usual
           in
           this
           case
           ;
           you
           need
           however
           not
           much
           care
           for
           this
           worldly
           friendship
           ,
           as
           long
           as
           you
           have
           dependance
           on
           the
           Favour
           of
           Heaven
           .
        
         
           What
           is
           abated
           here
           to
           you
           in
           the
           transitory
           felicites
           and
           pleasures
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           (
           from
           which
           you
           have
           no
           such
           cause
           to
           wean
           your selves
           altogether
           )
           will
           be
           easily
           recompenced
           in
           your
           enjoying
           him
           who
           is
           the
           foundation
           of
           all
           good
           ,
           and
           from
           whom
           all
           happiness
           is
           derived
           to
           his
           Creatures
           .
        
         
           To
           whose
           Protection
           I
           commit
           you
           and
           your
           ways
           ,
           beseeching
           him
           to
           bless
           and
           prosper
           them
           ,
           to
           his
           glory
           ,
           and
           your
           comfort
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           
             CHAP.
             I.
          
           Religion
           .
        
         
           THis
           being
           your
           greatest
           concernment
           the
           director
           of
           all
           your
           actions
           ,
           I
           cannot
           use
           my
           Paternal
           Authority
           to
           better
           purpose
           ,
           then
           in
           adjuring
           you
           and
           straightly
           charging
           and
           requiring
           you
           ,
           to
           be
           constant
           and
           zealous
           in
           the
           Religion
           now
           left
           established
           in
           this
           Kingdome
           .
           I
           will
           not
           take
           upon
           me
           now
           to
           decide
           controversies
           arisen
           betwixt
           ours
           and
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           in
           matters
           of
           Discipline
           ,
           they
           agreeing
           altogether
           in
           Doctrine
           ;
           all
           that
           I
           shall
           say
           is
           ,
           that
           their
           Ceremonies
           have
           not
           been
           used
           here
           ,
           
           and
           you
           have
           been
           bred
           up
           without
           them
           ,
           and
           the
           Nation
           of
           Scotland
           otherwise
           affected
           ,
           and
           therefore
           ,
           you
           shall
           do
           well
           to
           continue
           in
           this
           Kirk
           ,
           though
           I
           would
           rather
           have
           it
           your
           own
           choice
           ,
           then
           any
           other
           consideration
           whatsoever
           .
           Diversity
           in
           any
           thing
           distracteth
           the
           mind
           ,
           and
           leaves
           it
           waving
           in
           a
           dubious
           perplexity
           ,
           and
           then
           how
           easy
           is
           it
           to
           sway
           the
           mind
           to
           either
           side
           ;
           this
           is
           most
           true
           and
           experienced
           in
           Religion
           ;
           you
           must
           therefore
           obfirmate
           your
           eares
           ,
           and
           confirm
           your
           judgment
           ,
           being
           once
           satisfied
           of
           the
           Excellency
           of
           your
           profession
           ,
           and
           having
           received
           the
           true
           and
           sincere
           Doctrine
           .
        
         
           Neither
           would
           I
           have
           you
           only
           fixt
           and
           constant
           in
           your
           Religion
           ,
           but
           also
           very
           devout
           
           in
           the
           practise
           of
           it
           ;
           that
           as
           heretofore
           your
           ancestors
           have
           been
           eminent
           for
           Honour
           ,
           you
           that
           come
           short
           of
           them
           by
           this
           deliquium
           or
           Eclipse
           of
           it
           in
           me
           ,
           may
           nevertheless
           exceed
           them
           in
           the
           true
           way
           to
           it
           ,
           by
           your
           Zeal
           and
           Piety
           :
           and
           remember
           this
           ,
           that
           he
           that
           is
           not
           truly
           religious
           ,
           will
           hardly
           be
           esteemed
           such
           ,
           since
           nothing
           is
           of
           less
           continuance
           then
           Hypocrisie
           and
           dissimulation
           ,
           and
           if
           your
           religion
           be
           such
           ,
           such
           will
           your
           greatness
           and
           honour
           be
           ,
           a
           fained
           thing
           and
           a
           meer
           shadow
           .
        
         
           The
           observance
           of
           Religion
           ,
           and
           the
           exercise
           of
           good
           manners
           ,
           do
           become
           none
           so
           much
           as
           illustrious
           persons
           ,
           other
           glories
           have
           lifted
           them
           beyond
           the
           pitch
           and
           reach
           of
           men
           ,
           but
           
           this
           is
           a
           ray
           of
           the
           Divinity
           which
           advanceth
           them
           neer
           to
           the
           Diety
           ,
           and
           like
           the
           Diamond
           out-shines
           the
           lustre
           of
           all
           other
           Jewels
           .
           A
           religious
           heart
           and
           a
           clear
           conscience
           will
           make
           you
           truly
           conspicuous
           ;
           it
           is
           as
           the
           mother
           of
           all
           other
           vertues
           ;
           what
           brave
           effects
           of
           obedience
           to
           Princes
           hath
           it
           wrought
           in
           Subjects
           ?
           look
           back
           to
           the
           primitive
           times
           and
           the
           Emperors
           ,
           how
           courageous
           were
           they
           in
           all
           enterprises
           ,
           hardy
           and
           resolute
           in
           dangers
           ,
           liberal
           to
           their
           necessities
           ,
           ready
           to
           do
           their
           utmost
           devoir
           in
           the
           distrest
           affairs
           of
           the
           Empire
           ?
           and
           this
           from
           one
           pious
           principle
           ,
           that
           in
           serving
           their
           Prince
           ,
           they
           served
           God
           ,
           whose
           Leiutenant
           he
           is
           ,
           nor
           was
           there
           any
           difficulty
           over
           which
           their
           faith
           did
           not
           triumph
           .
        
         
         
           Nevertheless
           ,
           some
           have
           taxed
           ,
           and
           it
           hath
           been
           along
           and
           strong
           imputation
           ,
           that
           this
           Kirk
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           doth
           teach
           sedition
           against
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           the
           diminution
           of
           the
           Authority
           of
           their
           Princes
           .
           For
           my
           part
           I
           know
           no
           such
           matter
           ,
           nor
           did
           I
           ever
           embrace
           or
           adhere
           to
           such
           opinions
           ,
           though
           censured
           for
           them
           ;
           if
           any
           mans
           entemperature
           hath
           vented
           such
           dangerous
           Tenets
           ,
           or
           his
           rash
           presumption
           ventilated
           such
           questions
           ,
           I
           have
           nothing
           to
           do
           with
           them
           ,
           I
           disown
           and
           disclaim
           them
           ;
           and
           therefore
           to
           remove
           this
           prejudice
           from
           you
           also
           ,
           I
           charge
           you
           to
           make
           your
           duty
           to
           your
           Soveraign
           one
           of
           the
           chief
           points
           of
           your
           Religion
           ,
           so
           far
           forth
           as
           it
           may
           consist
           with
           your
           obedience
           to
           God
           ,
           who
           ought
           
           to
           be
           served
           best
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           first
           place
           .
           There
           is
           such
           a
           reciprocation
           between
           both
           those
           services
           ,
           that
           commonly
           they
           go
           together
           .
        
         
           Whatever
           the
           late
           miscarriages
           have
           been
           by
           the
           peoples
           strugling
           for
           their
           Liberty
           of
           Conscience
           ,
           as
           they
           are
           past
           ,
           so
           they
           have
           left
           the
           means
           whereby
           they
           may
           be
           prevented
           for
           the
           future
           :
           and
           no
           doubt
           the
           good
           temperament
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           with
           an
           easie
           indulgent
           hand
           of
           his
           Ministers
           ,
           will
           keep
           Religion
           from
           the
           scandal
           of
           a
           Civil
           War.
           
        
         
           'T
           is
           a
           maxime
           of
           State
           ,
           that
           where
           Princes
           and
           People
           are
           of
           a
           different
           Religion
           ,
           they
           will
           not
           well
           agree
           ;
           yet
           Modern
           experience
           ,
           and
           since
           the
           Reformation
           arrived
           to
           a
           setled
           
           constitution
           and
           Church
           Government
           ,
           evinceth
           the
           contrary
           ;
           as
           at
           present
           in
           the
           Kingdome
           of
           France
           ,
           and
           in
           Germany
           ,
           where
           the
           quite
           opposite
           religions
           are
           peaceably
           and
           quietly
           profest
           .
           But
           God
           be
           thanked
           ,
           there
           is
           no
           such
           contrariety
           in
           the
           religion
           professed
           in
           these
           two
           neighbouring
           Kingdomes
           ,
           which
           may
           not
           (
           without
           animosity
           and
           interest
           keep
           the
           breach
           open
           ,
           )
           be
           reconciled
           ,
           All
           impatient
           zeal
           being
           turned
           into
           an
           aemulation
           of
           Loyalty
           to
           the
           King.
           
        
         
           Cherish
           and
           maintain
           the
           Ministers
           of
           the
           Gospel
           ,
           especially
           ,
           painful
           able
           Preachers
           .
           Nothing
           brings
           more
           contempt
           upon
           ,
           or
           aviles
           religion
           ,
           and
           the
           service
           of
           God
           ,
           in
           the
           eyes
           of
           the
           vulgar
           ,
           then
           the
           necessities
           ,
           
           wants
           and
           miseries
           ,
           of
           Church-men
           ;
           what
           esteem
           you
           confer
           upon
           them
           ,
           will
           soon
           redound
           and
           reflect
           again
           upon
           you
           .
           What
           the
           Heathen
           said
           of
           their
           Poets
           ,
           that
           by
           their
           means
           and
           writings
           ,
           famous
           men
           ▪
           were
           transmitted
           to
           immortality
           ,
           who
           otherwise
           would
           have
           lain
           un
           perpetual
           oblivion
           ;
           is
           very
           true
           of
           Evangelical
           Doctors
           ,
           their
           prayers
           ,
           and
           their
           instructions
           ,
           and
           their
           recommendations
           of
           you
           ,
           together
           with
           your
           own
           endeavour
           after
           Holiness
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           only
           Fame
           and
           Glory
           ,
           will
           transmit
           and
           place
           you
           hereafter
           in
           Heaven
           ,
           and
           establish
           you
           here
           living
           and
           dead
           in
           the
           good
           will
           and
           praise
           of
           all
           men
           .
        
         
           Let
           charity
           be
           a
           chief
           ingredient
           in
           your
           religion
           ,
           both
           in
           
           giving
           and
           forgiving
           .
           As
           you
           shall
           have
           abilities
           ,
           indulge
           the
           poor
           ,
           and
           let
           them
           in
           some
           measure
           partake
           with
           you
           in
           your
           outward
           blessings
           and
           enjoyments
           .
           For
           the
           other
           ,
           as
           you
           are
           always
           liable
           to
           offences
           ,
           so
           be
           always
           as
           apt
           and
           prone
           to
           pardon
           or
           pass
           them
           by
           ,
           which
           in
           the
           greatest
           adversities
           you
           can
           undergo
           ,
           will
           never
           be
           out
           of
           your
           power
           to
           do
           .
        
         
           Frequent
           the
           Church
           and
           the
           Houses
           of
           God
           ,
           let
           no
           business
           invade
           or
           intrude
           upon
           your
           religious
           Houres
           ;
           what
           you
           have
           destined
           to
           the
           Service
           of
           God
           ,
           is
           already
           sacred
           to
           him
           ,
           and
           cannot
           without
           great
           profaness
           be
           alienated
           from
           him
           ,
           and
           conferred
           upon
           others
           ;
           use
           private
           prayers
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           go
           to
           the
           publick
           Ordinances
           .
        
         
         
           For
           other
           duties
           necessary
           for
           a
           Christians
           practise
           ,
           I
           refer
           you
           to
           the
           discipline
           and
           instructions
           of
           the
           Kirk
           ,
           it
           being
           needless
           to
           repeat
           them
           here
           ,
           being
           so
           exactly
           laid
           down
           by
           her
           ,
           whom
           I
           take
           to
           be
           the
           purest
           Church
           .
        
         
           For
           search
           all
           religions
           through
           the
           world
           ,
           and
           you
           will
           find
           none
           that
           ascribes
           so
           much
           to
           God
           ,
           nor
           that
           constitutes
           such
           a
           firm
           love
           among
           men
           ,
           as
           does
           the
           Establish'd
           Doctrine
           ,
           (
           I
           except
           the
           Schisms
           amongst
           us
           )
           of
           the
           Protestant
           Church
           among
           you
           :
           In
           whose
           Armes
           I
           leave
           you
           ,
           and
           Her
           to
           the
           everlasting
           protection
           and
           guidance
           of
           God.
           
        
      
       
         
         
           
             CHAP.
             II.
          
           Of
           Marriage
           .
        
         
           HAving
           devoted
           your self
           principally
           to
           the
           Service
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           subordinatly
           to
           your
           Prince
           which
           includes
           your
           Country
           ;
           the
           next
           duty
           or
           affection
           ,
           you
           owe
           to
           your self
           in
           the
           ordering
           or
           governing
           of
           your
           life
           ,
           according
           to
           your
           several
           inclinations
           and
           dispositions
           .
           And
           among
           the
           most
           important
           and
           strong
           sways
           of
           Nature
           ,
           I
           reckon
           marriage
           ,
           especially
           in
           great
           and
           noble
           Families
           ,
           where
           interest
           forbids
           perpetual
           virginity
           ;
           nor
           ever
           since
           the
           suppressing
           of
           Nunneries
           ,
           and
           such
           Monastick
           Privacies
           
           and
           renunciations
           to
           the
           world
           ,
           have
           we
           had
           in
           this
           Kingdome
           ,
           many
           ,
           if
           any
           of
           the
           daughters
           of
           Jephtha
           .
        
         
           Marriage
           no
           doubt
           was
           one
           of
           the
           greatest
           favours
           that
           God
           conferred
           on
           mankind
           ,
           and
           when
           he
           bestows
           a
           vertuous
           mate
           ,
           whose
           humility
           ,
           chastity
           and
           affection
           ,
           are
           eminently
           great
           ,
           he
           doth
           renew
           his
           first
           intentions
           of
           kindness
           to
           man
           ,
           and
           gives
           grace
           upon
           grace
           ,
           and
           infinitely
           happy
           is
           he
           that
           can
           find
           and
           make
           such
           a
           choice
           .
           'T
           was
           therefore
           well
           said
           by
           him
           ,
           that
           discoursing
           of
           this
           subject
           ,
           affirmed
           that
           God
           did
           oftentimes
           reward
           the
           good
           works
           ,
           the
           honesty
           and
           piety
           of
           a
           man
           ,
           by
           the
           offer
           and
           tender
           of
           a
           good
           wife
           ;
           for
           Parents
           could
           only
           give
           wealth
           and
           
           riches
           ,
           lands
           and
           estates
           to
           their
           children
           ,
           but
           God
           only
           could
           give
           them
           prudent
           and
           discret
           women
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           contracting
           therefore
           of
           marriage
           ,
           vertue
           is
           more
           to
           be
           considered
           then
           money
           ,
           beauty
           will
           rivall
           with
           either
           of
           them
           ,
           and
           oftentimes
           gets
           possession
           sooner
           then
           both
           ;
           but
           then
           it
           quickly
           loseth
           it
           again
           ,
           as
           having
           not
           those
           stays
           and
           supportations
           which
           each
           of
           the
           other
           have
           in
           themselves
           .
        
         
           I
           acknowledge
           ,
           vertue
           is
           first
           to
           be
           Courted
           ,
           and
           the
           Primitia
           ,
           the
           first
           fruits
           of
           our
           Love
           should
           be
           offered
           up
           at
           her
           shrines
           ;
           but
           yet
           reserving
           the
           stock
           to
           sacrifice
           to
           the
           numerous
           contingencies
           and
           accidents
           ,
           which
           befall
           the
           wedded
           state
           ,
           by
           the
           additional
           helps
           
           of
           handsomness
           and
           wealth
           .
        
         
           But
           be
           not
           overblinded
           with
           beauty
           ,
           't
           is
           one
           of
           the
           greatest
           deceits
           Nature
           is
           guilty
           of
           ;
           not
           that
           it
           is
           so
           in
           those
           persons
           to
           whom
           she
           is
           graciously
           and
           liberally
           pleased
           to
           bestow
           it
           ,
           (
           for
           't
           is
           the
           most
           exact
           copy
           of
           her
           illustrious
           self
           ,
           )
           but
           in
           the
           fascination
           and
           witchery
           it
           darts
           through
           the
           eyes
           into
           the
           minds
           of
           men
           ;
           you
           cannot
           but
           pay
           homage
           to
           it
           ,
           but
           let
           that
           tribute
           redeem
           yon
           from
           a
           total
           Conquest
           :
           Remember
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           but
           clay
           ,
           more
           refined
           and
           set
           off
           with
           a
           better
           varnish
           ,
           and
           being
           all
           on
           the
           outside
           ,
           lies
           open
           to
           weather
           and
           consuming
           time
           ,
           and
           sometimes
           to
           present
           misfortunes
           ;
           while
           that
           which
           is
           internal
           stands
           the
           shock
           ,
           and
           endures
           all
           brunts
           ,
           like
           a
           strong
           
           fortified
           garrison
           ,
           when
           the
           other
           shews
           like
           a
           weak
           gay
           Army
           in
           the
           Field
           ,
           ready
           to
           be
           vanquisht
           at
           the
           first
           encounter
           .
        
         
           Money
           is
           the
           sinew
           of
           Love
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           war
           ,
           you
           can
           do
           nothing
           happily
           in
           wedlock
           without
           it
           ;
           the
           other
           are
           Court-cards
           ,
           but
           they
           are
           not
           of
           the
           Trump-suit
           ,
           and
           are
           foiled
           by
           every
           sneaking
           misadventure
           ;
           vertue
           is
           supprest
           ,
           and
           cannot
           emerge
           and
           dilate
           it self
           in
           the
           streights
           of
           a
           narrow
           fortune
           ;
           and
           beauty
           is
           betrayed
           to
           the
           necessity
           of
           keeping
           it
           so
           ,
           otherwise
           in
           a
           pinching
           condition
           ,
           leanness
           and
           deadpaleness
           would
           usurp
           the
           place
           where
           full
           blown
           Roses
           sate
           ,
           with
           Love
           before
           Nor
           was
           it
           ever
           known
           ,
           that
           a
           beautiful
           woman
           driven
           
           to
           want
           ,
           escaped
           the
           offers
           and
           importunities
           of
           men
           ,
           who
           under
           the
           pretence
           of
           pitying
           and
           supplying
           her
           distresses
           ,
           by
           degrees
           have
           gain'd
           upon
           her
           Honour
           and
           pudicity
           ,
           while
           she
           satisfies
           her self
           ,
           that
           out
           of
           (
           miserable
           )
           gratitude
           she
           could
           do
           no
           less
           .
        
         
           I
           do
           much
           approve
           of
           crosse
           marriages
           between
           families
           ,
           which
           have
           been
           so
           allied
           for
           many
           descents
           together
           ,
           so
           as
           they
           be
           not
           in
           that
           proximity
           in
           which
           the
           House
           of
           Austria
           matches
           .
           By
           the
           race
           we
           guess
           of
           the
           production
           ,
           —
           
             De
             fortibus
             creantur
             fortes
          
           —
           and
           that
           adds
           a
           firm
           monument
           to
           both
           Houses
           ,
           being
           so
           incorporated
           into
           one
           another
           .
           However
           men
           reckon
           it
           for
           glory
           in
           Heraldry
           ,
           to
           bear
           almost
           the
           whole
           armes
           
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           in
           one
           Escutcheon
           .
           Methinks
           honour
           there
           looks
           like
           a
           river
           ,
           which
           branched
           into
           several
           rivolets
           loseth
           it self
           in
           them
           ;
           whereas
           streams
           that
           take
           in
           another
           large
           confluent
           ,
           carry
           all
           before
           them
           ,
           and
           run
           directly
           into
           the
           Ocean
           ,
           and
           disembogue
           themselves
           with
           a
           name
           .
        
         
           If
           you
           are
           not
           affected
           that
           way
           ,
           there
           is
           variety
           enough
           in
           Scotland
           ;
           but
           whatever
           you
           do
           ,
           consult
           with
           your
           Honour
           first
           ,
           do
           not
           embase
           your
           blood
           by
           matching
           below
           you
           ,
           it
           will
           soon
           breed
           distast
           and
           dislike
           in
           your self
           ,
           which
           will
           cause
           malice
           and
           revenge
           in
           her
           ,
           and
           entail
           contempt
           upon
           your
           issue
           and
           posterity
           .
           Such
           embraces
           will
           be
           like
           the
           twining
           of
           the
           Ivy
           about
           the
           Oake
           ,
           suck
           up
           
           moisture
           from
           the
           root
           ,
           while
           the
           branches
           are
           withered
           ,
           and
           the
           stock
           falls
           to
           the
           ground
           ,
           never
           like
           to
           reflourish
           again
           .
        
         
           As
           you
           match
           your
           Peer
           in
           honour
           ,
           let
           her
           be
           so
           in
           years
           ,
           a
           difference
           in
           age
           is
           a
           secret
           fire
           raked
           up
           for
           a
           time
           ,
           which
           will
           afterwards
           break
           out
           and
           consume
           your
           quiet
           :
           when
           either
           of
           your
           desires
           and
           strength
           answer
           not
           the
           vigour
           of
           the
           youngest
           ,
           then
           the
           sparkles
           will
           fly
           by
           such
           violent
           collisions
           and
           clashings
           that
           will
           soon
           set
           your
           Family
           in
           combustion
           .
        
         
           After
           your
           choice
           made
           and
           pitch'd
           upon
           ,
           and
           a
           vow
           passed
           ,
           keep
           your self
           religiously
           to
           it
           ,
           (
           the
           breach
           whereof
           ,
           is
           a
           vulgar
           common
           sin
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           therefore
           the
           more
           detestable
           to
           you
           )
           knowing
           there
           can
           
           be
           no
           dispensation
           from
           it
           ,
           and
           nothing
           but
           misery
           after
           it
           joyned
           with
           shame
           and
           repentance
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           state
           of
           marriage
           carry
           your self
           affectionately
           and
           discreetly
           ,
           and
           keep
           strictly
           the
           rites
           of
           it
           ,
           that
           no
           jealousie
           ,
           that
           canker
           worm
           of
           conjugal
           love
           fret
           that
           silken
           knot
           which
           tied
           you
           together
           .
           Owe
           nothing
           to
           one
           another
           in
           zeal
           and
           fervency
           of
           affection
           ,
           which
           will
           soon
           beget
           such
           a
           mutual
           confidence
           ,
           that
           the
           rest
           of
           your
           life
           will
           be
           but
           an
           advantagious
           repetition
           of
           your
           first
           joys
           ,
           and
           adde
           number
           to
           your
           contents
           and
           pleasures
           ,
           as
           to
           your
           years
           .
        
         
           Let
           not
           the
           secrets
           of
           marriage
           pass
           beyond
           the
           chamber
           ,
           for
           he
           little
           regards
           his
           own
           honour
           or
           his
           wives
           chastity
           ,
           who
           
           blazes
           or
           discovers
           what
           is
           done
           there
           ,
           and
           no
           slyer
           debauchery
           is
           there
           to
           women
           ,
           then
           what
           by
           such
           luxuriant
           freedome
           of
           their
           Husbands
           tongues
           ,
           is
           prompted
           to
           their
           wandring
           and
           strong
           imaginations
           .
        
         
           I
           pray
           for
           ,
           and
           wish
           your
           good
           success
           in
           this
           great
           affair
           ,
           and
           commend
           you
           to
           him
           ,
           who
           is
           only
           able
           to
           grant
           it
           you
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           
             CHAP.
             III.
          
           Of
           the
           Court.
           
        
         
           YOu
           are
           not
           thither
           bound
           ,
           and
           I
           am
           not
           sorry
           you
           are
           forbidden
           resort
           thither
           ,
           as
           to
           any
           employment
           or
           traffique
           ;
           't
           is
           a
           place
           difficult
           of
           access
           ,
           shut
           up
           with
           Rocks
           ,
           Shallows
           ,
           and
           Sands
           ,
           and
           not
           one
           adventurer
           in
           twenty
           comes
           off
           a
           saver
           .
           Besides
           ,
           't
           is
           a
           place
           of
           a
           most
           incertain
           air
           ,
           full
           of
           damps
           and
           exhalations
           ,
           spread
           with
           clouds
           and
           over-cast
           ,
           and
           sometimes
           again
           scorching
           hot
           in
           the
           sudden
           rise
           and
           depression
           of
           favourites
           .
        
         
           But
           if
           your
           curiosity
           shall
           invite
           you
           to
           the
           danger
           ,
           when
           time
           
           may
           look
           with
           a
           better
           aspect
           upon
           you
           ,
           remember
           these
           observations
           of
           mine
           own
           ,
           who
           both
           at
           distance
           ,
           and
           at
           close
           view
           have
           well
           considered
           it
           .
        
         
           First
           then
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           favour
           of
           your
           Prince
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           most
           desirable
           thing
           in
           the
           world
           ;
           't
           is
           rather
           an
           illustrious
           care
           ,
           then
           a
           contentful
           possession
           ;
           nor
           do
           wise
           men
           ever
           busie
           themselves
           about
           it
           ,
           because
           the
           tranquility
           of
           spirit
           ,
           which
           they
           seek
           for
           ,
           is
           not
           to
           be
           found
           amidst
           the
           confusions
           of
           the
           Court
           :
           and
           to
           guard
           a
           mans
           self
           from
           the
           misfortunes
           there
           ,
           and
           the
           envy
           which
           the
           graces
           of
           Princes
           do
           contract
           upon
           their
           favourites
           ;
           there
           is
           no
           way
           better
           then
           privacy
           and
           retiredness
           .
           You
           must
           know
           that
           't
           is
           meer
           humane
           
           weakness
           ,
           which
           causeth
           Princes
           to
           raise
           favourites
           ,
           to
           aid
           and
           support
           them
           in
           the
           weight
           and
           multitude
           of
           affairs
           ,
           and
           sometimes
           in
           such
           secrets
           which
           are
           heavier
           upon
           the
           mind
           then
           all
           the
           rest
           ;
           the
           sad
           effect
           whereof
           every
           age
           hath
           given
           an
           example
           .
        
         
           You
           must
           at
           your
           entrance
           ,
           resolve
           to
           encounter
           the
           accosts
           of
           contempt
           ,
           scorn
           ,
           discontents
           and
           repulses
           ,
           with
           a
           bold
           forehead
           ,
           and
           take
           no
           notice
           of
           slightings
           and
           injuries
           done
           you
           by
           the
           great
           ones
           .
           A
           thing
           I
           always
           judged
           grievous
           to
           a
           generous
           mind
           ,
           and
           yet
           these
           are
           ordinarily
           the
           steps
           to
           preferment
           .
        
         
           If
           you
           shall
           find
           favour
           at
           Court
           ,
           beware
           your
           covetousness
           after
           new
           boons
           ,
           make
           you
           
           not
           forget
           the
           old
           ones
           ;
           and
           if
           then
           you
           receive
           denials
           ,
           guard
           your self
           ,
           that
           the
           distaste
           be
           not
           more
           prevalent
           to
           run
           you
           into
           actions
           of
           dangerous
           consequence
           ,
           then
           reason
           can
           be
           to
           keep
           you
           in
           your
           duty
           .
        
         
           Extraordinary
           diligence
           and
           affected
           assiduity
           are
           to
           no
           purpose
           ,
           whereby
           men
           think
           to
           prevene
           their
           advancement
           ;
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           if
           men
           neglect
           and
           seem
           careless
           of
           promotion
           ,
           attending
           when
           the
           merit
           of
           their
           actions
           shall
           offer
           it
           them
           ,
           Time
           or
           fortune
           seldom
           fail
           to
           conduct
           them
           to
           true
           and
           permanent
           glory
           .
        
         
           It
           hath
           been
           an
           old
           Adage
           ,
           a
           young
           Courtier
           ,
           an
           old
           Beggar
           ;
           men
           spending
           estates
           in
           riot
           in
           such
           consuming
           places
           as
           Cities
           ,
           in
           a
           fruitless
           expectation
           ,
           and
           
           then
           carry
           home
           nothing
           but
           repentance
           .
        
         
           A
           cholerick
           person
           is
           not
           fit
           to
           be
           a
           Courtier
           ,
           for
           if
           he
           should
           go
           about
           to
           revenge
           himself
           of
           the
           indignities
           ,
           bravado's
           ,
           deceits
           ,
           and
           tricks
           put
           upon
           him
           ,
           he
           shall
           suffer
           more
           in
           an
           hour
           ,
           then
           he
           shall
           be
           satisfied
           for
           in
           ten
           years
           .
        
         
           You
           must
           do
           at
           Rome
           ,
           what
           others
           do
           there
           ,
           be
           sure
           to
           fing
           no
           other
           aires
           then
           which
           most
           please
           the
           Prince
           .
           'T
           was
           Solons
           comparison
           of
           Courtiers
           ,
           who
           resembled
           them
           to
           Counters
           ,
           with
           which
           men
           use
           to
           cast
           accounts
           ;
           for
           as
           in
           changing
           their
           places
           ,
           they
           stand
           sometimes
           for
           more
           ,
           sometimes
           for
           less
           ;
           so
           Princes
           do
           the
           same
           with
           them
           ,
           now
           advancing
           them
           in
           honour
           and
           dignity
           ,
           and
           presently
           
           debasing
           them
           at
           their
           pleasure
           to
           the
           scorn
           and
           derision
           of
           all
           men
           ,
           so
           that
           it
           is
           truly
           sad
           ,
           that
           men
           have
           an
           opportunity
           of
           losing
           themselves
           at
           Court
           ,
           and
           finding
           of
           themselves
           at
           Home
           .
        
         
           Old
           Courtiers
           are
           like
           old
           ships
           ,
           brought
           into
           Harbors
           and
           there
           laid
           up
           ,
           never
           to
           be
           put
           to
           Sea
           to
           any
           new
           adventure
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           a
           tart
           Sarcasme
           or
           Satyrical
           pass
           upon
           the
           Court
           that
           one
           said
           ;
           At
           the
           Court
           are
           Bishops
           and
           Priests
           to
           Baptise
           ,
           and
           change
           names
           ;
           for
           there
           ,
           the
           vain-glorious
           ambitious
           man
           ,
           is
           called
           honourable
           ;
           the
           prodigal
           ,
           magnificent
           ;
           the
           coward
           ,
           wise
           ;
           the
           wise
           ,
           hypocrite
           ;
           the
           malicious
           ,
           subtle
           ;
           the
           adulterous
           ,
           amorous
           ;
           the
           covetous
           ,
           temperate
           ;
           and
           what
           confidence
           
           can
           any
           man
           repose
           in
           friends
           there
           ,
           whose
           greatness
           renders
           them
           the
           more
           intractable
           .
           'T
           is
           very
           difficult
           to
           find
           vertue
           at
           Court
           ,
           but
           it
           is
           more
           difficult
           to
           keep
           it
           .
        
         
           He
           that
           sins
           and
           repents
           ,
           and
           returns
           again
           to
           his
           sin
           ,
           sins
           more
           grosly
           then
           at
           first
           ;
           so
           to
           leave
           the
           Court
           ,
           and
           return
           again
           ,
           is
           such
           an
           errour
           that
           is
           not
           excusable
           ;
           save
           with
           this
           ,
           that
           the
           return
           was
           to
           sell
           vertue
           ,
           and
           gain
           wealth
           ,
           since
           it
           is
           a
           great
           kindness
           of
           fortune
           or
           puissance
           of
           vertue
           ,
           to
           escape
           that
           gulf
           .
        
         
           Against
           the
           envy
           of
           the
           Court
           as
           against
           the
           Plague
           ,
           there
           is
           no
           better
           preservative
           ,
           then
           retreat
           and
           eloingment
           ;
           a
           remedy
           practised
           very
           often
           but
           with
           different
           success
           ;
           it
           being
           very
           dangerous
           for
           popular
           persons
           ,
           
           and
           such
           as
           have
           had
           great
           Commands
           to
           absent
           themselves
           without
           leave
           or
           dismission
           ;
           for
           it
           not
           only
           breeds
           suspicions
           and
           jealousies
           of
           their
           disaffection
           ,
           and
           consequently
           of
           the
           danger
           of
           a
           Rebellion
           ,
           but
           likewise
           exposeth
           them
           to
           the
           unobstructed
           designs
           and
           malice
           of
           their
           enemies
           ,
           which
           seldome
           end
           but
           in
           ruin
           .
        
         
           This
           is
           generally
           the
           complaint
           of
           Courts
           ,
           wherein
           you
           must
           understand
           there
           is
           not
           the
           least
           concurrence
           of
           the
           Prince
           to
           give
           any
           such
           cause
           for
           it
           ,
           but
           that
           by
           Tradition
           the
           Grandees
           walk
           by
           as
           by
           a
           rule
           ;
           and
           since
           Monarchy
           was
           ,
           Court
           arts
           have
           been
           ,
           and
           can
           vie
           precedency
           with
           any
           mystery
           .
           I
           never
           knew
           any
           great
           Favourite
           ,
           who
           practised
           any
           new
           ways
           of
           his
           own
           :
           
           some
           have
           been
           nobler
           and
           more
           magnificent
           then
           others
           ,
           freer
           in
           access
           and
           more
           affable
           ,
           but
           yet
           still
           kept
           close
           to
           their
           Court-lessons
           ,
           nor
           could
           ever
           their
           private
           vertues
           gain
           upon
           their
           publick
           Concerns
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           possible
           a
           man
           may
           get
           an
           Estate
           at
           Court
           ,
           but
           it
           is
           more
           probable
           he
           may
           lose
           one
           ;
           that
           which
           is
           got
           there
           ,
           through
           how
           many
           curses
           and
           imprecations
           it
           passeth
           ;
           that
           which
           is
           lost
           ,
           with
           how
           many
           woos
           ,
           and
           tears
           ,
           and
           deprecations
           goes
           it
           !
           so
           much
           is
           a
           Court
           worse
           then
           a
           Lottery
           .
        
         
           While
           you
           can
           therefore
           pay
           your
           devotion
           ,
           your
           Loyalty
           to
           your
           Prince
           at
           home
           ,
           and
           probably
           be
           better
           accepted
           ;
           what
           need
           have
           you
           of
           a
           dangerous
           unnecessary
           pilgrimage
           to
           
           the
           shrine
           ,
           to
           pay
           a
           personal
           adoration
           ;
           your
           oblation
           there
           can
           be
           nothing
           less
           but
           your
           quiet
           and
           Estate
           in
           lieu
           ,
           whereof
           they
           will
           present
           you
           with
           a
           trinket
           or
           some
           other
           bauble
           ,
           which
           you
           will
           be
           ashamed
           to
           carry
           home
           again
           .
        
         
           Fear
           God
           ,
           Honour
           the
           King
           ,
           Live
           at
           Home
           ,
           and
           Love
           your
           Neighbours
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           
             CHAP.
             IV.
          
           Of
           Friendship
           .
        
         
           
             SON
             ,
          
        
         
           AS
           you
           have
           not
           that
           ranging
           freedome
           of
           choice
           of
           your
           society
           ;
           suspicion
           on
           the
           one
           hand
           ,
           and
           reason
           of
           State
           on
           the
           other
           hedging
           you
           up
           ,
           and
           impaling
           you
           within
           a
           narrow
           scantling
           ;
           so
           neither
           can
           the
           iniquity
           of
           any
           the
           worst
           fortune
           leave
           a
           man
           in
           such
           a
           solitude
           ,
           in
           which
           a
           guide
           ,
           a
           friend
           ,
           (
           by
           whose
           Counsels
           and
           sweet
           converse
           either
           ,
           he
           may
           extricate
           himself
           from
           ,
           or
           avoid
           the
           tediousness
           of
           his
           troubles
           ,
           )
           may
           not
           be
           had
           .
           What
           therefore
           you
           shall
           lack
           in
           the
           multitude
           
           of
           friends
           ,
           who
           like
           flies
           fasten
           on
           the
           sweets
           of
           Honour
           ,
           Fame
           ,
           Riches
           ,
           &c.
           you
           will
           find
           no
           great
           loss
           in
           ,
           if
           it
           be
           your
           happiness
           to
           find
           out
           but
           one
           or
           two
           ,
           such
           an
           Oligarchy
           of
           friendship
           ,
           whose
           unity
           in
           affection
           and
           fidelity
           ,
           will
           richly
           compensate
           the
           many
           Cyphers
           that
           attend
           on
           greatness
           .
        
         
           To
           make
           a
           right
           choise
           therefore
           ,
           you
           must
           first
           propose
           to
           your self
           the
           inconstancy
           of
           man
           ,
           the
           most
           changeable
           ,
           alterable
           creature
           in
           the
           world
           .
           Every
           breath
           of
           wind
           fans
           him
           to
           a
           various
           shape
           ,
           think
           not
           therefore
           of
           making
           a
           friendship
           fixt
           and
           eternal
           .
           How
           ardently
           have
           men
           loved
           some
           ,
           even
           beyond
           the
           desire
           of
           dying
           for
           them
           ,
           when
           in
           a
           moment
           ,
           as
           it
           were
           one
           hasty
           ebullition
           
           of
           choler
           hath
           rendred
           them
           exceeding
           offensive
           ,
           nay
           ,
           hath
           sunk
           them
           into
           our
           hate
           and
           execration
           ?
           see
           the
           fast
           hold
           which
           man
           doth
           take
           of
           man
           !
           't
           is
           let
           go
           and
           unfastned
           in
           a
           moment
           ,
           by
           the
           clacking
           of
           the
           tongue
           ,
           a
           nod
           ,
           a
           frown
           ,
           or
           such
           like
           nothing
           ;
           we
           cancel
           leagues
           with
           friends
           ,
           make
           new
           ones
           with
           enemies
           ,
           and
           break
           them
           ere
           concluded
           .
           The
           consideration
           of
           this
           will
           keep
           you
           from
           overw●ning
           any
           man
           ,
           and
           from
           a
           total
           trust
           and
           confidence
           in
           him
           ,
           and
           beget
           in
           you
           a
           severer
           exercise
           ,
           and
           consequently
           a
           firmer
           reliance
           on
           your
           own
           vertues
           and
           abilities
           .
        
         
           Nothing
           sooner
           corrupts
           or
           rottens
           friendship
           ,
           then
           an
           over-hasty
           entertaining
           of
           it
           ,
           like
           praecoce
           fruit
           that
           's
           ripe
           before
           
           its
           season
           .
           Jndgement
           is
           the
           only
           cement
           that
           closeth
           and
           binds
           the
           affections
           of
           men
           :
           where
           that
           's
           wanting
           ,
           't
           is
           like
           building
           with
           untempered
           mortar
           ,
           the
           structur's
           like
           to
           fall
           on
           our
           own
           head
           .
           I
           never
           knew
           any
           yet
           so
           good
           ,
           but
           some
           have
           thought
           him
           vile
           ,
           and
           hated
           him
           ;
           nor
           contrarily
           ,
           any
           so
           bad
           but
           some
           have
           thought
           him
           honest
           ,
           and
           loved
           him
           ;
           either
           the
           ignorance
           ,
           the
           envy
           ,
           or
           the
           partiality
           of
           those
           that
           judge
           do
           constitute
           a
           various
           man
           :
           in
           some
           report
           hath
           foreblinded
           Judgment
           ,
           in
           some
           ,
           accident
           is
           the
           cause
           of
           disposing
           us
           to
           love
           or
           hate
           .
           The
           soul
           is
           often
           led
           by
           secrete
           uninvestigable
           ways
           and
           motions
           to
           love
           ,
           she
           knows
           not
           why
           .
           But
           't
           is
           time
           alone
           and
           long
           probation
           ,
           which
           seldome
           
           fail
           to
           give
           right
           information
           ;
           when
           Nature
           ,
           Art
           and
           Report
           ,
           may
           deceive
           you
           .
           Every
           man
           may
           keep
           his
           mind
           if
           he
           lists
           in
           a
           Labyrinth
           .
           ▪
           T
           is
           a
           room
           by
           us
           inscrutable
           ,
           into
           which
           Nature
           has
           made
           no
           certain
           window
           ,
           but
           as
           he
           himself
           shall
           please
           to
           give
           you
           light
           ,
           which
           is
           in
           such
           transient
           glimmerings
           that
           it
           rarely
           strikes
           any
           thing
           but
           the
           eye
           ,
           leaving
           us
           immediately
           to
           grope
           again
           in
           the
           dark
           .
        
         
           I
           remit
           you
           to
           your
           own
           experience
           ,
           you
           have
           converst
           in
           the
           world
           (
           troublesome
           enough
           for
           many
           years
           )
           with
           all
           sorts
           and
           all
           humours
           of
           persons
           ;
           but
           for
           your
           better
           guidance
           herein
           ,
           I
           shall
           give
           you
           these
           properties
           of
           friendship
           ,
           which
           my
           longer
           observation
           hath
           found
           
           to
           be
           true
           characters
           of
           it
           .
        
         
           He
           who
           is
           really
           your
           friend
           ,
           will
           give
           you
           Counsel
           before
           you
           ask
           it
           ,
           and
           that
           's
           the
           reason
           a
           man
           cannot
           keep
           a
           friend
           by
           constraint
           ,
           nor
           oblige
           secrecy
           by
           coercion
           .
        
         
           Most
           men
           regard
           their
           profit
           ,
           and
           therefore
           use
           their
           friends
           as
           men
           use
           beasts
           ,
           carefully
           attend
           and
           look
           to
           them
           ,
           from
           whom
           they
           receive
           increase
           and
           advantages
           ,
           and
           so
           deny
           themselves
           ,
           and
           want
           the
           most
           desirable
           fruition
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           which
           is
           natural
           and
           reciprocal
           amity
           ;
           which
           all
           the
           creatures
           maintain
           among
           themselves
           ,
           and
           yet
           know
           not
           nor
           are
           able
           to
           consider
           ,
           what
           and
           how
           great
           the
           force
           of
           that
           friendship
           is
           ;
           for
           every
           one
           loves
           it self
           ,
           not
           out
           of
           hope
           
           of
           any
           reward
           and
           recompence
           to
           it self
           for
           it
           ,
           but
           ,
           because
           of
           the
           nearness
           and
           dearness
           it
           owes
           it self
           .
           Which
           if
           the
           samething
           be
           not
           done
           in
           friendship
           ,
           it
           is
           impossible
           to
           find
           a
           true
           friend
           .
        
         
           He
           that
           loves
           you
           extremely
           ,
           will
           hate
           you
           most
           deadly
           ,
           therefore
           sober
           ,
           moderate
           friendship
           is
           the
           best
           ;
           and
           since
           friends
           must
           be
           had
           ,
           if
           your
           happiness
           be
           to
           find
           good
           ones
           ,
           beware
           you
           incur
           not
           that
           unhappiness
           of
           changing
           them
           :
           Remember
           ,
           that
           he
           is
           in
           the
           best
           condition
           who
           is
           best
           furnished
           with
           the
           best
           men
           for
           his
           friends
           ,
           nevertheless
           ,
           let
           no
           obligation
           to
           them
           ,
           make
           you
           dispence
           with
           your
           Conscience
           or
           Religion
           ;
           have
           always
           a
           care
           not
           to
           trust
           any
           thing
           to
           your
           most
           intimate
           
           privado
           ,
           but
           what
           you
           cannot
           keep
           from
           time
           :
           A
           small
           distast
           will
           discover
           those
           faults
           ,
           which
           a
           heap
           of
           years
           have
           covered
           .
           'T
           was
           Bias
           his
           Counsel
           that
           men
           should
           so
           love
           ,
           as
           if
           every
           day
           were
           a
           renewed
           enmity
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           affect
           repentance
           .
        
         
           Let
           no
           man
           (
           which
           is
           the
           chief
           law
           of
           friendship
           ,
           )
           command
           any
           thing
           of
           you
           ,
           which
           is
           not
           lawful
           ,
           or
           which
           is
           not
           within
           your
           power
           ;
           nor
           do
           you
           use
           friends
           as
           men
           use
           flowers
           ,
           smell
           to
           them
           as
           long
           as
           fresh
           ,
           and
           green
           ,
           and
           fragrant
           ,
           and
           then
           lay
           them
           aside
           ,
           for
           so
           commonly
           friendships
           conciliated
           by
           interest
           or
           fancy
           ,
           usually
           terminate
           .
           Beware
           especially
           of
           mercenary
           love
           ,
           when
           your
           money
           fails
           ,
           that
           leaves
           you
           ,
           when
           true
           
           affection
           follows
           beyond
           the
           grave
           .
        
         
           Your
           vertues
           will
           make
           and
           get
           you
           friends
           throughout
           the
           world
           ,
           Love
           has
           Armes
           which
           will
           joyn
           the
           distant
           Corners
           of
           the
           universe
           ;
           out
           the
           good
           offices
           you
           do
           at
           home
           ,
           as
           they
           keep
           mens
           eyes
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           serve
           as
           well
           as
           remembrancers
           ,
           will
           afford
           you
           a
           continued
           content
           .
        
         
           Believe
           it
           ,
           nothing
           will
           gain
           you
           so
           much
           respect
           ,
           (
           the
           first
           and
           best
           ingredient
           to
           friendship
           )
           as
           your
           uprightness
           and
           sincerety
           ,
           greatness
           was
           always
           suspicious
           ,
           without
           any
           conspicuous
           proofs
           of
           a
           more
           then
           ordinary
           integrity
           ;
           nor
           will
           true
           glory
           wait
           long
           on
           a
           false
           person
           ,
           observance
           is
           her
           maidof
           honour
           ,
           &
           what
           recommendation
           
           she
           gives
           must
           be
           founded
           on
           desert
           .
        
         
           In
           a
           word
           chuse
           such
           friends
           as
           I
           have
           left
           you
           ,
           they
           will
           be
           the
           more
           yours
           ,
           because
           of
           your
           own
           affiance
           to
           them
           ,
           and
           so
           you
           will
           have
           a
           double
           interest
           in
           them
           ,
           your
           election
           and
           mine
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           
             CHAP.
             V.
          
           Of
           Travel
           .
        
         
           THis
           is
           in
           some
           men
           a
           humour
           and
           curiosity
           only
           ,
           in
           others
           wisedome
           and
           design
           ,
           and
           accordingly
           they
           make
           their
           different
           returns
           ;
           it
           hath
           been
           all
           along
           the
           practise
           of
           this
           Nation
           ,
           and
           with
           very
           good
           successe
           :
           (
           to
           go
           to
           a
           forraign
           war
           is
           rather
           a
           transplantation
           then
           travel
           ,
           passing
           only
           out
           of
           the
           bounds
           of
           one
           Country
           ,
           into
           the
           confinements
           and
           limits
           of
           another
           ;
           so
           I
           reckon
           I
           have
           said
           nothing
           to
           you
           concerning
           this
           subject
           in
           my
           maximes
           of
           war
           ,
           )
           and
           I
           cannot
           conceive
           any
           better
           divertisement
           (
           besides
           the
           advantage
           
           it
           will
           afford
           you
           )
           for
           your
           present
           condition
           .
        
         
           Homer
           begins
           his
           Odysseis
           in
           the
           praise
           of
           Ulysses
           ,
           with
           this
           title
           and
           character
           .
           —
           
             Qui
             mores
             hominum
             multorum
             vidit
             &
             urbes
             ,
          
           as
           the
           most
           apparentest
           demonstration
           of
           his
           wisedome
           .
           Some
           men
           there
           are
           ,
           that
           have
           seen
           more
           with
           their
           eye
           ,
           then
           some
           ambitious
           Princes
           did
           ever
           comprehend
           in
           their
           thoughts
           ,
           'T
           is
           a
           pleasure
           and
           felicity
           when
           the
           mind
           embraces
           but
           a
           glancing
           thought
           of
           the
           beauteous
           fabrick
           of
           the
           universe
           ,
           and
           is
           with
           a
           kind
           of
           delight
           transported
           to
           some
           peculiar
           part
           of
           it
           ,
           whose
           felicity
           and
           pleasures
           or
           wealth
           ,
           have
           won
           upon
           its
           running
           fancy
           ;
           if
           this
           be
           so
           in
           the
           imagination
           ,
           what
           delight
           and
           fruition
           is
           there
           ,
           in
           the
           corporal
           
           view
           ,
           and
           passage
           ,
           and
           abode
           in
           the
           most
           remarkable
           countries
           of
           the
           world
           .
           Men
           expect
           rich
           returns
           in
           East-India
           Ships
           ,
           and
           men
           that
           are
           far
           travellors
           ,
           beget
           great
           expectation
           of
           their
           wealth
           ;
           if
           they
           come
           home
           empty
           ,
           they
           bankrupt
           their
           Credit
           ,
           and
           dye
           in
           their
           Countries
           debt
           ,
           and
           that
           narrow
           dark
           prison
           of
           their
           pride
           ,
           buries
           them
           in
           utter
           oblivion
           ,
           who
           might
           have
           made
           the
           wide
           world
           their
           Monument
           .
        
         
           The
           story
           of
           the
           wandring
           Jew
           was
           a
           pleasant
           fiction
           ,
           the
           punishment
           consisted
           only
           in
           his
           not
           having
           a
           Centre
           ,
           and
           certainly
           he
           could
           as
           well
           want
           it
           as
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           Nation
           .
           The
           moral
           would
           hint
           ,
           what
           an
           improved
           man
           must
           he
           be
           who
           hath
           so
           often
           gone
           the
           Circumference
           ,
           
           crost
           the
           Lines
           ,
           and
           visited
           the
           most
           remote
           and
           abstruse
           corners
           of
           the
           world
           ;
           seen
           so
           many
           varieties
           in
           Nature
           and
           Providence
           ,
           reconciled
           by
           the
           tract
           of
           time
           .
        
         
           One
           Journey
           will
           shew
           a
           man
           more
           ,
           then
           twenty
           descriptions
           ,
           relations
           or
           maps
           ;
           what
           a
           desolate
           life
           do
           Tortoises
           live
           ,
           who
           cannot
           be
           rid
           of
           their
           shells
           ?
           No
           man
           can
           endure
           confinement
           ;
           and
           he
           that
           hath
           lived
           lock'd
           up
           in
           one
           Kingdome
           ,
           is
           but
           a
           degree
           beyond
           a
           Country-man
           ,
           who
           was
           never
           out
           of
           the
           bounds
           of
           his
           parish
           .
           Nevertheless
           all
           men
           are
           not
           fit
           for
           travel
           ,
           wise
           men
           are
           made
           better
           ,
           and
           fools
           worse
           .
           This
           inquires
           after
           nothing
           but
           the
           gue-gaws
           ,
           the
           antick-fashions
           ,
           and
           gestures
           of
           other
           lands
           ,
           and
           
           becomes
           the
           shame
           of
           all
           Nations
           ,
           by
           disgracing
           his
           own
           in
           carrying
           nothing
           of
           worth
           or
           esteem
           from
           thence
           ,
           and
           by
           bringing
           censure
           and
           imputation
           upon
           forraign
           places
           where
           he
           conversed
           ,
           by
           importing
           nothing
           but
           their
           vices
           .
           They
           vent
           abroad
           their
           domestick
           vices
           ,
           and
           utter
           here
           ,
           them
           beyond
           sea
           .
        
         
           If
           you
           would
           advantage
           your self
           by
           travail
           ,
           you
           ought
           to
           note
           ,
           and
           then
           comment
           upon
           your
           observations
           ,
           remembring
           as
           well
           the
           bad
           to
           avoid
           it
           ,
           as
           applying
           the
           good
           into
           use
           ;
           without
           committing
           of
           these
           things
           to
           the
           Pen
           ,
           they
           will
           pass
           from
           your
           memory
           without
           leaving
           any
           profitable
           results
           behind
           them
           .
        
         
           Let
           no
           hast
           therefore
           hurry
           
           you
           through
           any
           considerable
           or
           remarkable
           place
           ,
           but
           stay
           and
           view
           what
           is
           worthy
           in
           it
           ,
           and
           be
           sure
           to
           register
           it
           with
           your
           pen
           ,
           it
           will
           very
           much
           fasten
           it
           in
           your
           memory
           ;
           the
           charactering
           of
           a
           thought
           in
           paper
           ,
           will
           fix
           it
           ready
           for
           your
           use
           ;
           he
           that
           doth
           this
           ,
           may
           when
           he
           please
           rejourney
           all
           his
           travails
           at
           home
           .
        
         
           Solid
           persons
           are
           the
           best
           proficients
           by
           travail
           ,
           they
           are
           not
           so
           prone
           to
           be
           inquinated
           by
           the
           dross
           and
           feces
           of
           the
           vices
           ,
           and
           taking
           vanities
           of
           forraign
           Countries
           ,
           being
           abler
           to
           compose
           themselves
           to
           such
           manners
           ,
           which
           may
           sooner
           facilitate
           their
           inquisition
           .
           Pliance
           and
           outward
           freedome
           ,
           and
           a
           seeming
           carelesseness
           is
           the
           readiest
           way
           to
           get
           into
           strangers
           ,
           
           and
           to
           learn
           from
           them
           .
        
         
           Policy
           and
           negotiation
           I
           commend
           far
           before
           Book-Learning
           ,
           though
           never
           so
           deep
           and
           knowing
           .
           When
           you
           are
           abroad
           ,
           the
           best
           way
           is
           to
           converse
           with
           the
           best
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           chuse
           by
           the
           eye
           but
           the
           ear
           ,
           (
           which
           your
           own
           inexperience
           will
           soon
           warn
           you
           of
           )
           but
           follow
           report
           .
        
         
           For
           the
           Government
           ,
           and
           things
           relating
           to
           the
           State
           ,
           your
           advice
           and
           instruction
           is
           no
           where
           to
           be
           had
           but
           at
           Court
           ,
           for
           the
           Trade
           ,
           Commerce
           and
           Traffick
           ,
           in
           great
           Cities
           among
           Marchants
           ;
           for
           their
           Religion
           and
           Church
           affairs
           amongst
           the
           Clergy
           ,
           but
           I
           rather
           chuse
           the
           universities
           ,
           where
           you
           may
           happly
           meet
           with
           an
           addition
           of
           the
           rest
           .
           For
           the
           Laws
           ,
           Customes
           
           and
           Manners
           ,
           the
           Lawyers
           ;
           and
           for
           the
           Country
           and
           rural
           knowledge
           ,
           the
           Husbandmen
           and
           such
           as
           we
           call
           the
           Yeomanry
           .
        
         
           All
           rareties
           are
           to
           be
           seen
           ,
           and
           therefore
           I
           advise
           you
           not
           to
           travail
           without
           store
           of
           money
           to
           be
           ready
           at
           all
           occasions
           ;
           especially
           Antiquities
           ,
           for
           these
           shew
           us
           the
           science
           and
           abilities
           of
           those
           times
           before
           us
           ;
           (
           the
           moderns
           always
           preferring
           their
           arts
           and
           inventions
           to
           former
           ages
           )
           that
           by
           comparing
           of
           them
           with
           the
           present
           ,
           we
           may
           be
           able
           to
           give
           a
           judgment
           ,
           how
           the
           world
           thrives
           or
           goes
           less
           in
           all
           such
           learning
           .
        
         
           Above
           all
           ,
           think
           no
           travail
           too
           far
           nor
           discommodious
           to
           see
           and
           visit
           rare
           and
           eminent
           men
           ,
           there
           is
           no
           monument
           like
           
           a
           vertuous
           learned
           person
           ;
           living
           by
           him
           we
           shall
           be
           sure
           to
           be
           something
           the
           better
           ,
           we
           shall
           find
           somewhat
           in
           him
           to
           inflame
           and
           excite
           our
           minds
           to
           strain
           to
           the
           like
           pitch
           ,
           and
           so
           extern
           them
           ,
           in
           a
           brave
           imitation
           of
           his
           excellent
           qualities
           .
           To
           such
           men
           you
           must
           carry
           your self
           with
           all
           submiss
           reverence
           befitting
           the
           dignity
           of
           those
           excellencies
           that
           are
           relucent
           in
           them
           ;
           and
           that
           awe
           you
           seem
           to
           stand
           in
           ,
           will
           soon
           invite
           his
           Candour
           to
           a
           free
           reception
           and
           neer
           entertainment
           of
           you
           ,
           for
           learned
           men
           are
           rarely
           proud
           or
           stately
           .
        
         
           Judgment
           is
           the
           onely
           thing
           that
           is
           necessary
           for
           a
           travailor
           and
           therefore
           I
           approve
           not
           of
           your
           going
           abroad
           ,
           nor
           permitting
           your
           children
           if
           God
           shall
           
           send
           you
           any
           ,
           till
           they
           have
           grown
           to
           a
           good
           competency
           of
           discretion
           ,
           which
           yet
           I
           would
           have
           seconded
           by
           the
           assistance
           of
           a
           Tutor
           ,
           when
           it
           shall
           be
           any
           of
           your
           inchnations
           this
           way
           .
           I
           pray
           God
           bless
           you
           abroad
           ,
           and
           return
           you
           as
           an
           Honour
           to
           your
           King
           ,
           Country
           and
           Friends
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           
             CHAP.
             VI.
          
           Of
           Housekeeping
           and
           Hospitality
           .
        
         
           THis
           is
           a
           generosity
           very
           requisite
           in
           Noble
           persons
           ,
           and
           the
           greatest
           demonstrations
           they
           are
           so
           :
           'T
           is
           as
           well
           respected
           for
           the
           quality
           of
           it
           as
           the
           quantity
           ,
           and
           according
           to
           the
           condition
           of
           every
           man
           ;
           you
           may
           be
           as
           free
           in
           a
           moderate
           entertainment
           as
           in
           all
           the
           excesses
           and
           superfluities
           of
           your
           Table
           ,
           which
           then
           becomes
           a
           snare
           ,
           where
           it
           should
           be
           a
           kindness
           .
        
         
           Nevertheless
           ,
           the
           greater
           extreme
           is
           that
           of
           niggardliness
           ,
           and
           but
           a
           little
           less
           then
           vileness
           
           or
           baseness
           ,
           in
           the
           eyes
           of
           your
           Neighbours
           ,
           which
           will
           soon
           bring
           contempt
           and
           dis-esteem
           upon
           you
           ,
           which
           you
           must
           by
           all
           means
           (
           as
           reckoning
           it
           the
           worst
           evil
           can
           befal
           noble
           persons
           ,
           )
           avoid
           and
           decline
           .
           The
           English
           are
           so
           careful
           of
           their
           Honour
           in
           this
           point
           ,
           that
           they
           do
           abridge
           themselves
           of
           other
           Grandezza's
           which
           their
           Estates
           would
           afford
           them
           ,
           in
           coming
           to
           Court
           ,
           Masquing
           ,
           &c.
           to
           sacrifice
           with
           the
           due
           rites
           to
           their
           Penates
           their
           Houshold-gods
           ,
           to
           whom
           their
           Ancestors
           had
           devoted
           their
           prime
           substance
           ,
           and
           which
           the
           Genius
           of
           their
           neighbouring
           people
           as
           by
           a
           religious
           custome
           expected
           from
           them
           .
        
         
           So
           much
           was
           not
           required
           at
           the
           hands
           of
           any
           Scotch
           Noble
           
           man
           ,
           as
           from
           an
           Esquire
           there
           of
           2000l
           .
           
             per
             annum
          
           ,
           the
           difference
           lies
           in
           the
           condition
           of
           our
           vassals
           ,
           and
           their
           Tenants
           and
           Neighbours
           ;
           which
           being
           perhaps
           now
           to
           be
           more
           assimilated
           ,
           both
           by
           some
           use
           and
           understanding
           our
           Nation
           hath
           of
           the
           English
           Customes
           ,
           and
           the
           greater
           correspondency
           and
           mutual
           friendship
           ,
           that
           is
           likely
           toarise
           between
           them
           ,
           (
           which
           is
           now
           more
           advanced
           by
           the
           war
           ,
           then
           by
           the
           long
           projected
           union
           ;
           )
           I
           would
           advise
           you
           as
           far
           ,
           and
           as
           soon
           ,
           as
           you
           are
           able
           to
           comply
           with
           the
           English
           manners
           in
           this
           particular
           .
           It
           will
           beget
           you
           a
           good
           respect
           ;
           and
           favour
           purchased
           from
           hence
           is
           most
           durable
           .
        
         
           To
           this
           purpose
           ,
           keep
           constantly
           at
           home
           ,
           without
           urgent
           
           and
           necessary
           occasions
           call
           you
           from
           thence
           .
           The
           entertainment
           your
           House
           will
           afford
           strangers
           ,
           though
           it
           be
           never
           so
           ample
           and
           abundant
           ,
           will
           want
           that
           condiment
           and
           sauce
           of
           Hospitality
           ,
           your
           own
           company
           .
           Men
           usually
           affect
           their
           Landlords
           company
           ,
           though
           they
           pay
           for
           it
           ;
           much
           more
           will
           the
           honour
           of
           your
           presence
           commend
           your
           frank
           and
           liberal
           treatments
           ,
           to
           the
           gratitude
           of
           all
           persons
           who
           shall
           resort
           to
           your
           House
           and
           Table
           .
        
         
           Be
           not
           only
           courteous
           your self
           to
           all
           comers
           ,
           but
           see
           your
           servants
           be
           so
           too
           .
           Kind
           reception
           and
           admittance
           is
           as
           necessary
           before
           meat
           ,
           as
           digestion
           afterwards
           ;
           and
           he
           that
           would
           have
           thanks
           for
           his
           entertainment
           when
           it
           is
           past
           must
           bespeak
           
           it
           before
           it
           begin
           at
           his
           board
           ,
           that
           his
           victuals
           and
           chear
           be
           but
           a
           rumination
           of
           his
           first
           kindnesses
           ,
           and
           that
           his
           Porch
           be
           as
           free
           as
           his
           Hall.
           
        
         
           Keep
           about
           you
           therefore
           no
           morose
           ,
           cross
           conditioned
           servants
           ,
           and
           as
           near
           as
           you
           can
           retain
           men
           of
           a
           good
           aspect
           ,
           and
           as
           far
           as
           you
           can
           be
           assured
           of
           them
           to
           be
           of
           fair
           and
           civil
           demeanour
           .
           Such
           will
           not
           only
           be
           an
           ornament
           and
           honour
           to
           you
           ,
           but
           of
           much
           advantage
           ;
           for
           as
           it
           will
           invite
           persons
           of
           quality
           and
           civility
           to
           you
           ,
           which
           will
           be
           credible
           for
           you
           ,
           so
           will
           it
           shame
           and
           deter
           the
           ruder
           ,
           and
           more
           ungoverned
           sort
           of
           people
           ,
           who
           meeting
           with
           such
           dissonant
           humours
           ,
           will
           soon
           abstain
           or
           soon
           be
           civilized
           .
        
         
         
           Let
           not
           your
           entertainments
           be
           tedious
           ,
           knowing
           that
           is
           not
           the
           way
           to
           keep
           them
           all
           along
           the
           year
           ,
           and
           therefore
           substantial
           dishes
           must
           make
           up
           your
           bill
           of
           fare
           ,
           in
           stead
           of
           French
           Quelque
           choses
           .
           Money
           and
           time
           is
           fruitlessely
           spent
           in
           those
           vanities
           ,
           and
           are
           for
           no
           masculine
           contentment
           and
           palate
           ;
           and
           if
           such
           be
           not
           your
           guests
           ,
           your
           expences
           will
           be
           
             thrown
             away
          
           ,
           when
           others
           reckon
           them
           
             laid
             out
          
           .
        
         
           Above
           all
           things
           avoid
           intemperance
           in
           drink
           .
           Luxury
           in
           feeding
           seldome
           carries
           men
           beyond
           their
           stomack
           and
           discretion
           ,
           though
           never
           so
           many
           provocations
           be
           used
           to
           lure
           them
           on
           ;
           but
           in
           the
           abundance
           of
           wine
           men
           are
           sottishly
           transported
           
           beyond
           themselves
           ,
           and
           the
           excess
           in
           it
           ,
           makes
           them
           the
           more
           covetous
           and
           raging
           after
           it
           ;
           especially
           where
           they
           think
           or
           find
           they
           cannot
           be
           welcome
           ,
           unless
           they
           comply
           with
           your
           humour
           ,
           and
           can
           requite
           your
           charges
           no
           other
           ways
           ,
           then
           by
           the
           loss
           of
           their
           sense
           and
           modesty
           .
        
         
           I
           would
           have
           you
           therefore
           detest
           that
           barbarous
           German
           mode
           of
           drinking
           to
           victory
           ,
           by
           a
           beastly
           subduing
           of
           those
           ,
           whom
           you
           have
           invited
           ,
           and
           humanely
           welcomed
           ,
           and
           bid
           to
           your
           Table
           ,
           'T
           is
           one
           of
           the
           greatest
           vices
           our
           Gentry
           hath
           brought
           from
           thence
           ,
           amidst
           all
           those
           Trophies
           which
           they
           deservedly
           gained
           there
           ,
           and
           therefore
           the
           more
           caution
           is
           to
           be
           
           used
           ,
           lest
           it
           insinuate
           it self
           easily
           by
           their
           converse
           ,
           whose
           company
           you
           shall
           do
           well
           always
           to
           esteem
           as
           an
           honour
           ;
           but
           yet
           use
           your
           discretion
           and
           my
           experience
           as
           an
           Antidote
           against
           that
           humour
           ,
           which
           you
           may
           do
           plausibly
           and
           indiscernible
           enough
           .
        
         
           Suffer
           no
           person
           to
           depart
           your
           house
           in
           discontent
           that
           shall
           not
           by
           rudeness
           or
           some
           other
           unhospitable
           way
           deserve
           your
           dis-respect
           ;
           on
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           permit
           no
           tumultuous
           disorderly
           persons
           to
           stay
           within
           your
           dores
           .
           Every
           ordinary
           mans
           house
           is
           his
           Castle
           ,
           but
           a
           Noblemans
           is
           that
           and
           a
           Palace
           both
           ,
           where
           there
           is
           reverence
           due
           to
           you
           as
           well
           as
           a
           bare
           power
           and
           command
           .
        
         
         
           On
           publique
           Anniversary
           Thanksgiving
           days
           ,
           you
           must
           expend
           above
           your
           ordinary
           provisions
           .
           The
           solemnity
           due
           to
           those
           festivals
           ,
           takes
           it's
           weight
           from
           the
           observation
           of
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           whose
           magnificences
           at
           those
           times
           are
           the
           most
           forcible
           impressions
           to
           make
           the
           people
           remember
           and
           call
           to
           mind
           ,
           (
           which
           will
           also
           keep
           them
           in
           their
           duty
           ,
           )
           the
           mercy's
           and
           favours
           of
           such
           days
           .
           This
           will
           more
           especially
           concern
           you
           ,
           who
           by
           all
           means
           and
           ways
           must
           endeavour
           to
           reconcile
           your self
           to
           the
           government
           .
        
         
           But
           be
           surest
           ,
           that
           the
           poor
           whose
           condition
           will
           not
           suffer
           them
           within
           your
           doors
           ,
           may
           not
           be
           out
           of
           your
           heart
           ,
           but
           
           that
           a
           constant
           care
           and
           provision
           be
           made
           for
           them
           :
           from
           whom
           I
           assure
           you
           ,
           you
           shall
           find
           the
           greatest
           return
           and
           thanks
           ,
           if
           not
           by
           them
           ,
           yet
           for
           them
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           
             CHAP.
             VII
          
           .
           Of
           Tenants
           and
           other
           concerns
           of
           Estate
           .
        
         
           YOu
           will
           be
           at
           a
           loss
           in
           this
           particular
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           difficulties
           I
           shall
           leave
           upon
           my
           Estate
           ,
           and
           the
           several
           claims
           made
           by
           pretended
           titles
           ,
           besides
           that
           which
           will
           be
           escheated
           to
           the
           Crown
           ;
           it
           will
           therefore
           require
           your
           utmost
           diligence
           and
           circumspection
           ,
           having
           so
           many
           enemies
           about
           you
           .
        
         
           I
           look
           upon
           your
           old
           demeans
           of
           the
           Family
           ,
           as
           the
           most
           likely
           to
           continue
           in
           your
           possession
           ,
           and
           therefore
           you
           must
           retain
           and
           caress
           with
           all
           manifest
           demonstrations
           of
           kindness
           ,
           the
           
           present
           and
           ancient
           possessors
           and
           enjoyers
           of
           those
           lands
           ,
           who
           by
           their
           long
           dependance
           on
           your
           family
           ,
           are
           so
           addicted
           to
           it
           ,
           that
           they
           will
           not
           desire
           upon
           any
           ordinary
           conditions
           to
           be
           alienated
           from
           you
           ,
           if
           you
           seem
           not
           to
           slight
           them
           or
           your
           own
           interest
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           utterly
           impossible
           you
           should
           be
           totally
           deprived
           of
           your
           inheritance
           among
           them
           ,
           so
           long
           as
           you
           bear
           my
           name
           ;
           nor
           do
           I
           know
           my self
           every
           part
           of
           my
           estate
           there
           ,
           so
           far
           is
           it
           out
           of
           the
           reach
           of
           confiscation
           :
           many
           were
           the
           Homages
           and
           Services
           done
           me
           ,
           which
           were
           without
           book
           .
        
         
           For
           my
           novel
           acquists
           and
           purchases
           ,
           they
           have
           so
           much
           envy
           of
           the
           state
           already
           upon
           them
           ,
           that
           I
           would
           not
           advise
           
           you
           by
           stirring
           on
           them
           to
           draw
           more
           upon
           you
           :
           your
           old
           rents
           will
           be
           estate
           enough
           for
           you
           ,
           if
           you
           can
           secure
           them
           .
           I
           never
           look'd
           upon
           any
           thing
           I
           had
           from
           the
           Estates
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           other
           then
           as
           a
           present
           satisfaction
           for
           what
           I
           had
           expended
           ;
           what
           it
           wants
           or
           exceeds
           therein
           was
           never
           intended
           to
           be
           put
           to
           your
           account
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           no
           time
           now
           ,
           nor
           is
           it
           your
           interest
           to
           stand
           at
           that
           distance
           formerly
           maintained
           ;
           many
           have
           been
           the
           forfeitures
           of
           the
           Scotch
           Nobility
           ,
           yet
           I
           never
           knew
           any
           so
           dangerous
           as
           yours
           is
           like
           to
           prove
           ;
           for
           I
           will
           not
           dissemble
           that
           odium
           and
           envy
           against
           me
           ,
           how
           justly
           I
           have
           said
           elsewhere
           .
           So
           there
           lies
           upon
           you
           a
           necessity
           of
           counterwalking
           all
           ways
           to
           your
           
           ruine
           :
           you
           must
           move
           pity
           ,
           (
           and
           that
           I
           think
           no
           hard
           matter
           in
           your
           case
           )
           and
           you
           will
           soon
           find
           affection
           which
           will
           easily
           be
           improved
           into
           trust
           and
           condence
           ,
           the
           ready
           way
           to
           secure
           your
           Estate
           .
        
         
           If
           by
           such
           means
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           (
           as
           I
           do
           not
           ,
           as
           I
           said
           before
           ;
           despair
           of
           your
           total
           restitution
           ,
           if
           not
           to
           your
           Dignities
           and
           Honour
           ,
           yet
           to
           your
           Lands
           and
           Revenues
           ,
           )
           you
           shall
           be
           possest
           ,
           remember
           you
           deal
           gratefully
           with
           such
           ,
           as
           have
           dealt
           honestly
           and
           faithfully
           with
           you
           ;
           and
           consider
           you
           may
           not
           strain
           thiugs
           to
           that
           heigth
           ,
           which
           usually
           great
           men
           do
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           for
           that
           the
           wings
           of
           your
           greatness
           are
           clipped
           ,
           and
           cannot
           grow
           out
           again
           suddenly
           ;
           and
           that
           your
           safety
           now
           instead
           
           of
           mightiness
           ,
           consists
           altogether
           in
           the
           love
           ,
           and
           not
           in
           the
           fear
           of
           your
           Tenants
           .
        
         
           Redeem
           that
           hard
           censure
           laid
           upon
           me
           ,
           of
           being
           a
           cruel
           rigid
           Landlord
           ,
           and
           strive
           to
           vanquish
           those
           difficulties
           by
           a
           complacent
           carriage
           ,
           which
           to
           my
           best
           disposed
           temper
           (
           as
           times
           were
           )
           proved
           insuperable
           .
        
         
           Avoid
           as
           much
           as
           in
           you
           lyeth
           all
           suits
           and
           controversies
           ,
           such
           collisions
           will
           give
           light
           to
           discoveries
           ;
           set
           down
           by
           any
           losses
           or
           injuries
           ,
           which
           you
           cannot
           remedy
           without
           publick
           trial
           ,
           and
           give
           place
           to
           such
           violence
           as
           will
           overbear
           you
           .
        
         
           Recollect
           first
           your
           scattered
           fortunes
           ,
           and
           let
           a
           sedentary
           quiet
           life
           have
           confirmed
           you
           in
           the
           possession
           of
           what
           you
           
           have
           ,
           so
           shall
           you
           not
           be
           endangered
           (
           if
           then
           you
           be
           put
           to
           vindicate
           your
           right
           to
           what
           you
           enjoy
           )
           by
           that
           which
           you
           have
           not
           .
        
         
           Contract
           your
           Estate
           into
           as
           few
           mens
           hands
           as
           possible
           ,
           change
           not
           those
           to
           whom
           you
           have
           let
           your
           lands
           formerly
           ,
           or
           used
           or
           dealt
           with
           other
           ways
           ;
           especially
           displace
           not
           such
           servants
           ,
           who
           are
           acquainted
           in
           the
           managing
           of
           it
           ,
           for
           besides
           the
           ease
           ,
           you
           will
           find
           security
           in
           so
           doing
           .
        
         
           As
           I
           would
           not
           have
           you
           suffer
           under
           that
           great
           depression
           of
           worth
           ,
           a
           base
           poverty
           ,
           so
           neither
           would
           I
           have
           you
           to
           be
           abused
           by
           the
           chargeable
           report
           of
           being
           very
           rich
           ,
           to
           avoid
           both
           ,
           you
           must
           live
           in
           a
           free
           and
           open
           way
           ,
           neither
           like
           
           Diogenes
           nor
           Dives
           :
           but
           yet
           the
           more
           men
           are
           inquisitive
           after
           the
           secrets
           of
           your
           Estate
           ,
           the
           greater
           will
           your
           wisedome
           be
           ,
           the
           closer
           to
           conceal
           it
           ,
           and
           that
           you
           may
           do
           without
           danger
           ,
           for
           it
           is
           in
           your
           own
           defence
           .
        
         
           Your
           Estate
           will
           be
           safer
           however
           ,
           in
           the
           reputation
           of
           things
           past
           ,
           (
           men
           looking
           on
           my
           disposal
           and
           ordering
           of
           it
           to
           be
           providential
           and
           munite
           enough
           )
           then
           by
           your
           own
           wisedome
           or
           any
           new
           present
           ,
           foundation
           or
           conveyance
           ,
           which
           takes
           off
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           envy
           from
           you
           ,
        
         
           Keep
           within
           the
           compass
           of
           what
           fortune
           soever
           God
           shall
           bless
           you
           with
           ;
           if
           you
           can
           be
           content
           you
           shall
           frustrate
           the
           ruinous
           designs
           of
           your
           enemies
           
           against
           you
           ;
           who
           can
           tell
           but
           all
           this
           may
           be
           for
           the
           better
           :
           greater
           shocks
           have
           been
           given
           to
           Estates
           ,
           which
           have
           but
           riveted
           and
           rooted
           them
           the
           faster
           ,
           instead
           of
           overturning
           them
           .
        
         
           Whomsoever
           you
           intrust
           with
           the
           stewardship
           of
           your
           Estate
           ,
           be
           sure
           to
           trust
           your self
           most
           ,
           and
           keep
           a
           strict
           account
           of
           your
           disbursements
           and
           receipts
           ,
           besides
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           a
           good
           divertisement
           ,
           yon
           will
           find
           it
           very
           profitable
           ,
           and
           will
           contain
           and
           preserve
           your
           servants
           in
           their
           duty
           ,
           and
           consequently
           in
           your
           favour
           .
        
         
           Make
           not
           any
           necessity
           by
           your
           imprudence
           or
           prodigality
           ,
           whereby
           yon
           must
           be
           compelled
           to
           borrow
           money
           by
           security
           or
           mortgage
           ,
           or
           anticipate
           
           your
           revenues
           ,
           the
           first
           will
           engage
           you
           to
           do
           the
           like
           courtesies
           for
           your
           friend
           ,
           and
           that
           's
           never
           without
           danger
           ;
           and
           the
           other
           two
           are
           basely
           dishonorable
           ,
           and
           will
           soon
           bring
           contempt
           upon
           your
           person
           ,
           and
           be
           a
           moth
           in
           your
           Estate
           .
        
         
           Nullum
           numen
           abest
           ,
           si
           sit
           Prudentia
           Tecum
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           
             CHAP.
             VIII
          
           .
           Of
           Study
           and
           Exercise
           .
        
         
           THe
           times
           succeeding
           I
           devine
           to
           be
           very
           happy
           and
           peaceable
           ,
           and
           therefore
           a
           course
           of
           life
           befitting
           the
           tranquillity
           of
           the
           age
           you
           live
           in
           ,
           will
           be
           to
           betake
           your self
           to
           your
           Studies
           .
        
         
           You
           have
           read
           men
           a
           good
           part
           of
           your
           life
           ,
           and
           are
           pretty
           well
           versed
           in
           that
           deep
           and
           profound
           knowledge
           ,
           that
           will
           be
           of
           use
           you
           in
           the
           bustles
           and
           encounters
           of
           the
           world
           ;
           you
           must
           also
           have
           some
           provision
           to
           pass
           away
           the
           quiet
           ;
           and
           blessed
           calme
           of
           life
           :
           but
           herein
           pray
           observe
           these
           Cautions
           .
        
         
         
           1.
           
           That
           the
           study
           of
           vain
           things
           is
           a
           laborious
           idleness
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           That
           there
           is
           no
           way
           which
           leads
           ingenuous
           spirits
           more
           easily
           ,
           and
           with
           more
           certain
           appearances
           of
           honour
           and
           goodness
           ,
           to
           delicacy
           ,
           softness
           and
           unmanliness
           ,
           then
           learning
           and
           study
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           That
           to
           study
           only
           to
           pass
           away
           time
           ,
           is
           a
           most
           inept
           curiosity
           ,
           and
           an
           unthrifting
           of
           time
           ,
           and
           very
           misbecoming
           active
           and
           noble
           spirits
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           Though
           good
           letters
           be
           the
           best
           informers
           ,
           yet
           company
           and
           conversation
           are
           the
           best
           directors
           for
           a
           Noble
           Behaviour
           and
           Deportment
           .
        
         
           You
           must
           therefore
           so
           order
           your
           studies
           ,
           that
           you
           make
           them
           subservient
           to
           the
           concerns
           
           of
           your
           Honour
           ,
           Estate
           ,
           and
           Interest
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           entrench
           upon
           no
           time
           ,
           which
           should
           be
           employed
           about
           them
           .
        
         
           Your
           vacant
           and
           spare
           hours
           ,
           you
           cannot
           better
           afford
           to
           any
           thing
           then
           to
           Books
           ;
           nay
           ,
           there
           is
           a
           necessity
           of
           making
           such
           leasure
           time
           ,
           if
           the
           multiplicity
           of
           business
           press
           to
           fast
           upon
           you
           ;
           remembring
           that
           of
           a
           great
           Emperour
           ,
           whose
           affairs
           were
           not
           only
           urgent
           ,
           but
           full
           of
           trouble
           and
           care
           in
           a
           new
           attained
           Empire
           ,
           —
           
             Nulla
             dies
             sine
             linea
          
           ,
           not
           a
           day
           must
           pass
           without
           some
           improvement
           in
           your
           studies
           .
        
         
           Your
           own
           choice
           and
           judgement
           will
           best
           direct
           you
           what
           books
           you
           shall
           read
           ,
           and
           to
           what
           science
           you
           shall
           chiefly
           
           apply
           your self
           ,
           though
           I
           think
           it
           pedantical
           ,
           and
           unworthy
           and
           unhandsome
           for
           a
           Nobleman
           or
           person
           of
           Honour
           to
           be
           affectedly
           excellent
           in
           any
           one
           ,
           it
           seems
           as
           ridiculous
           as
           Nero's
           mad
           ambition
           of
           being
           counted
           the
           chief
           Fidler
           and
           best
           Singster
           the
           world
           .
        
         
           History
           and
           the
           Mathematicks
           ,
           (
           I
           may
           say
           )
           are
           the
           most
           advantagious
           and
           proper
           studies
           for
           persons
           of
           your
           quality
           ,
           the
           other
           are
           fit
           for
           Schoolmen
           ,
           and
           people
           that
           must
           live
           by
           their
           learning
           ;
           though
           a
           little
           insight
           and
           tast
           of
           them
           ,
           will
           be
           no
           burden
           to
           you
           ;
           your
           knowledge
           in
           them
           joyned
           with
           your
           Authority
           may
           be
           of
           good
           use
           to
           your
           Conntry
           in
           awing
           of
           pragmatick
           professors
           ,
           either
           of
           Law
           or
           Divinity
           .
        
         
         
           I
           do
           not
           reckon
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Kingdome
           any
           particular
           study
           ,
           for
           they
           must
           be
           your
           constant
           practise
           ,
           your
           place
           many
           instruct
           you
           in
           them
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           executory
           part
           of
           them
           ,
           for
           the
           pleading
           part
           of
           them
           that
           's
           below
           you
           .
        
         
           Keep
           always
           an
           able
           Scholar
           for
           the
           Languages
           in
           your
           house
           ,
           besides
           your
           chaplain
           ,
           who
           may
           be
           ready
           at
           hand
           to
           read
           to
           you
           out
           of
           any
           book
           ,
           your
           fancy
           or
           judgement
           shall
           for
           the
           present
           pitch
           upon
           ,
           you
           will
           find
           him
           to
           be
           of
           great
           use
           and
           service
           to
           you
           ,
           and
           give
           him
           salary
           accordingly
           .
        
         
           Thinke
           no
           cost
           too
           much
           in
           purchasing
           rare
           books
           ;
           next
           to
           that
           of
           acquiring
           good
           friends
           I
           look
           upon
           this
           purchase
           ;
           but
           buy
           them
           not
           to
           lay
           by
           ,
           or
           to
           
           grace
           your
           library
           ,
           with
           the
           name
           of
           such
           a
           manuscript
           ,
           or
           such
           a
           singular
           piece
           ,
           but
           read
           ,
           revolve
           him
           ,
           and
           lay
           him
           up
           in
           your
           memory
           where
           he
           will
           be
           far
           the
           better
           Ornament
           .
        
         
           Read
           seriously
           whatever
           is
           before
           you
           ,
           and
           reduce
           and
           digest
           it
           to
           practise
           &
           observation
           ,
           otherwise
           it
           will
           be
           Sysyphus
           his
           labour
           to
           be
           always
           revolving
           sheets
           and
           books
           at
           every
           new
           occurrence
           which
           may
           require
           the
           Oracle
           of
           your
           reading
           .
        
         
           Trust
           not
           to
           your
           memory
           ,
           but
           put
           all
           remarkable
           ,
           notable
           things
           you
           shall
           meet
           with
           in
           your
           books
           
             sub
             salva
             custodia
          
           of
           pen
           and
           inke
           ,
           but
           so
           alter
           the
           property
           by
           your
           own
           Scholia
           and
           Annotations
           on
           it
           ,
           
           that
           your
           memory
           may
           speedily
           recur
           to
           the
           place
           it
           was
           committed
           to
           .
        
         
           Review
           frequently
           such
           memorandums
           ,
           and
           you
           will
           find
           you
           have
           made
           a
           signal
           progress
           and
           proficiency
           ,
           in
           what
           ever
           sort
           of
           learning
           you
           studied
           .
        
         
           After
           your
           studies
           give
           your
           mind
           some
           relaxation
           by
           generous
           exercises
           ,
           but
           never
           use
           them
           afer
           fulness
           ,
           sleep
           ,
           or
           oscitancy
           ,
           for
           then
           they
           abate
           much
           of
           the
           recreation
           and
           delight
           they
           afford
           after
           intentness
           of
           the
           mind
           on
           any
           business
           ;
           otherwise
           it
           is
           but
           a
           continuation
           of
           the
           dream
           in
           the
           stirring
           slumbers
           of
           sport
           and
           play
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           choice
           of
           your
           exercises
           ,
           affect
           none
           that
           are
           overrobust
           and
           violent
           ,
           that
           ,
           instead
           of
           remitting
           ,
           unbending
           the
           
           bow
           ,
           will
           break
           it
           ;
           but
           let
           them
           be
           moderate
           ,
           and
           withall
           virile
           and
           masculine
           ,
           such
           as
           is
           riding
           the
           great
           horse
           ,
           shooting
           at
           marks
           out
           of
           crosse-bows
           ,
           Calivers
           or
           Harquebuse
           .
           Tennis
           is
           not
           in
           use
           among
           us
           ,
           but
           only
           in
           our
           capital
           city
           ,
           but
           in
           leiu
           of
           that
           ,
           you
           have
           that
           excellent
           recreation
           of
           Goff-ball
           ,
           then
           which
           truely
           I
           do
           not
           know
           a
           better
           .
        
         
           Do
           not
           make
           a
           toil
           of
           a
           pleasure
           ,
           by
           over-exercising
           your self
           ;
           play
           not
           to
           wearisomness
           ,
           which
           may
           nauseate
           the
           recreation
           another
           time
           to
           you
           .
           As
           near
           as
           you
           can
           ,
           play
           with
           companions
           your
           equals
           ,
           but
           if
           they
           are
           not
           at
           hand
           ,
           pleasure
           will
           dispence
           with
           any
           play-fellow
           ,
           nor
           are
           you
           tied
           there
           to
           any
           strict
           rules
           of
           honour
           .
        
         
         
           Let
           your
           exercises
           be
           designed
           to
           this
           end
           ,
           to
           settle
           your
           mind
           ,
           to
           beget
           you
           a
           stomack
           and
           appetite
           ,
           and
           fit
           you
           for
           other
           succeeding
           business
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           
             CHAP.
             IX
          
           .
           Of
           Pleasure
           ,
           Idleness
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           BY
           your
           recess
           from
           all
           publique
           business
           ,
           you
           will
           be
           apt
           and
           prone
           to
           fall
           into
           some
           supiness
           and
           negligence
           ,
           and
           indulge
           your self
           inordinate
           pleasures
           ,
           if
           you
           keep
           not
           a
           strict
           guard
           over
           your
           incli●ation
           and
           bent
           that
           way
           to
           which
           most
           men
           naturally
           are
           very
           subject
           .
        
         
           Remember
           therefore
           ,
           that
           great
           actions
           were
           never
           founded
           in
           vain
           delights
           ,
           and
           nothing
           is
           less
           generous
           then
           pleasure
           ,
           and
           nothing
           more
           corrupting
           the
           seeds
           of
           vertue
           ,
           and
           that
           finally
           it
           ends
           in
           dislike
           and
           regret
           .
        
         
         
           I
           acknowledge
           ,
           that
           youth
           the
           time
           of
           delight
           ,
           is
           so
           transient
           and
           momentary
           ,
           and
           man
           such
           a
           slave
           to
           himself
           ,
           that
           notwithstanding
           all
           the
           troubles
           that
           beset
           him
           ,
           he
           will
           find
           time
           ,
           and
           space
           to
           bestow
           on
           his
           voluptuousness
           ;
           but
           you
           have
           past
           those
           heats
           of
           youth
           ,
           and
           are
           arrived
           to
           a
           staid
           age
           ,
           in
           which
           your
           debordery
           to
           vice
           ,
           would
           be
           most
           shameful
           and
           odious
           .
        
         
           But
           of
           all
           pleasures
           take
           heed
           of
           gaming
           ,
           that
           's
           the
           vainest
           and
           yet
           the
           most
           bewitching
           temptation
           .
           A
           vice
           which
           hath
           got
           footing
           amain
           among
           us
           ,
           and
           alienated
           many
           fair
           lands
           and
           possessions
           from
           ancient
           families
           ;
           you
           may
           guess
           at
           its
           goodness
           by
           its
           extraction
           ,
           born
           (
           as
           I
           may
           say
           )
           in
           a
           dissolute
           camp
           ,
           
           where
           its
           first
           stake
           was
           the
           price
           of
           life
           ,
           though
           contented
           here
           with
           livings
           and
           livelihoods
           .
           You
           have
           losses
           more
           then
           enough
           already
           ,
           do
           not
           therefore
           put
           any
           more
           to
           the
           injurious
           disposal
           of
           fortune
           ,
           by
           dicing
           or
           carding
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           game
           .
           That
           's
           the
           greatest
           sign
           of
           dissoluteness
           you
           can
           give
           the
           world
           ,
           which
           will
           proclaim
           you
           a
           vicious
           as
           well
           as
           bankrupt
           person
           .
        
         
           Give
           not
           your
           mind
           to
           company
           or
           drinking
           ,
           these
           Bacchanalia
           are
           as
           bad
           a
           Game
           as
           the
           former
           .
           This
           will
           presently
           bestialize
           you
           ,
           and
           take
           away
           the
           signature
           God
           hath
           stamp'd
           upon
           you
           .
           A
           drunkard
           !
           I
           cannot
           name
           it
           without
           abhorrence
           ,
           if
           it
           devest
           you
           of
           your
           nature
           ,
           it
           will
           not
           leave
           you
           a
           spark
           
           of
           Honour
           ,
           but
           sink
           your
           Estate
           and
           all
           together
           ,
           in
           that
           Deluge
           of
           Ebriety
           .
           ▪
           T
           was
           observed
           by
           Cato
           ,
           that
           none
           came
           sober
           to
           the
           destruction
           or
           overthrow
           of
           that
           State
           but
           only
           Caesar
           ;
           most
           certain
           it
           is
           ,
           that
           none
           shall
           ever
           be
           called
           to
           the
           maintaining
           of
           a
           State
           ,
           whose
           debaucheries
           have
           made
           him
           uncapable
           of
           governing
           himself
           .
        
         
           Avoid
           converse
           with
           women
           of
           ill
           report
           ,
           that
           you
           be
           not
           fascinated
           by
           their
           beauty
           or
           arts
           ,
           to
           the
           lessening
           of
           that
           conjugal
           love
           you
           owe
           your
           wife
           ;
           men
           take
           it
           for
           a
           felicity
           to
           enjoy
           the
           favour
           of
           the
           company
           of
           fine
           women
           ,
           but
           they
           reckon
           not
           to
           what
           dangers
           they
           oblige
           themselves
           ,
           and
           what
           burdens
           they
           impose
           upon
           themselves
           to
           the
           secret
           ruin
           
           of
           their
           Estates
           ,
           for
           nothing
           is
           so
           chargeable
           as
           an
           imperious
           beauty
           .
        
         
           Neither
           seek
           nor
           entertain
           pleasures
           when
           they
           present
           themselves
           in
           their
           gaudy
           bravery
           ,
           but
           with
           a
           noble
           constancy
           keep
           your
           mind
           fast
           shut
           against
           their
           charmes
           and
           allurements
           ;
           but
           find
           some
           other
           diversion
           ,
           the
           business
           whereof
           may
           send
           those
           vagrants
           packing
           .
           I
           do
           much
           commend
           Hunting
           and
           Hawking
           ,
           and
           other
           field
           pastime
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           a
           dispute
           and
           an
           argument
           ,
           whether
           to
           do
           ill
           or
           to
           do
           nothing
           ,
           
             Male
             agere
             aut
             nihil
             agere
          
           ,
           is
           the
           worst
           ,
           and
           therefore
           in
           the
           next
           place
           shun
           Idleness
           .
           The
           life
           of
           man
           resembles
           Iron
           ,
           which
           being
           wrought
           into
           instruments
           and
           used
           ,
           becomes
           
           bright
           and
           shining
           ,
           else
           unwrought
           the
           rust
           eats
           and
           consumes
           it
           ;
           so
           is
           it
           with
           noble
           persons
           ,
           if
           they
           exert
           themselves
           ,
           and
           put
           forth
           their
           parts
           to
           the
           service
           of
           their
           Country
           or
           in
           other
           honourable
           employments
           ,
           they
           become
           conspicuously
           glorious
           ;
           better
           ,
           industry
           should
           wear
           out
           and
           so
           polish
           a
           man
           ,
           then
           to
           lye
           by
           of
           no
           use
           and
           service
           ,
           and
           wast
           away
           in
           sloth
           and
           idleness
           .
        
         
           Nothing
           in
           the
           universe
           stands
           still
           ,
           the
           Heavens
           and
           those
           orbes
           of
           light
           are
           in
           perpetual
           motion
           ,
           and
           though
           the
           Earth
           move
           not
           sphaerically
           ,
           (
           as
           Copernicus
           fancied
           )
           yet
           there
           is
           a
           continual
           motus
           in
           that
           too
           in
           her
           productions
           :
           An
           idle
           man
           is
           a
           
             Mare
             mortuum
          
           ,
           whose
           infectious
           company
           spoils
           and
           
           ruins
           all
           that
           come
           near
           his
           example
           .
           I
           do
           not
           admire
           to
           see
           Gentlemen
           given
           over
           to
           vicious
           courses
           of
           life
           ,
           seeing
           they
           affect
           a
           lazy
           greatness
           ,
           without
           the
           props
           of
           employment
           to
           support
           it
           .
           'T
           is
           action
           that
           keeps
           the
           soul
           sweet
           and
           sound
           .
        
         
           I
           would
           have
           you
           keep
           no
           retainers
           neer
           you
           meerly
           for
           show
           ,
           but
           onely
           as
           many
           as
           you
           can
           well
           employ
           in
           their
           several
           offices
           ;
           if
           you
           do
           ,
           you
           must
           expect
           no
           service
           nor
           attendance
           ,
           till
           they
           have
           first
           served
           their
           own
           pleasures
           ,
           and
           besides
           you
           will
           have
           to
           answer
           for
           their
           lewdnesses
           .
        
         
           You
           will
           have
           such
           a
           fragrancy
           and
           sent
           from
           any
           business
           you
           have
           been
           diligent
           in
           ,
           as
           those
           that
           stir
           amongst
           perfumes
           
           and
           spices
           ,
           shall
           when
           they
           are
           gone
           ,
           have
           still
           a
           grateful
           odor
           with
           them
           .
        
         
           If
           you
           grow
           not
           better
           by
           employing
           your self
           ,
           yet
           this
           benefit
           will
           surely
           accrue
           to
           you
           ,
           that
           you
           both
           keep
           your self
           from
           being
           worse
           ,
           and
           shall
           not
           have
           time
           to
           entertain
           any
           suggestions
           of
           evil
           from
           without
           .
        
         
           There
           is
           a
           kind
           of
           good
           Angel
           waiting
           upon
           diligence
           ,
           that
           ever
           carries
           a
           Laurel
           in
           his
           hand
           to
           crown
           her
           ;
           and
           fortune
           according
           to
           the
           Ancients
           was
           not
           to
           be
           prayed
           unto
           ,
           but
           with
           the
           hands
           in
           motion
           .
           How
           unworthy
           was
           that
           man
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           or
           the
           enjoyments
           of
           it
           that
           never
           did
           ought
           ,
           but
           only
           lived
           and
           died
           ;
           and
           it
           is
           none
           of
           the
           ordinariest
           happiness
           ,
           to
           be
           endued
           with
           a
           mind
           that
           
           loves
           noble
           and
           vertuous
           exercises
           .
        
         
           Life
           and
           Honour
           consist
           both
           in
           action
           ,
           nor
           can
           they
           find
           a
           worse
           sepulchre
           then
           in
           the
           sluggards
           field
           .
           'T
           is
           by
           such
           slothful
           men
           that
           the
           monuments
           of
           their
           Ancestors
           crumble
           into
           dust
           ,
           and
           tombe-stones
           are
           obsolited
           by
           the
           speechless
           lives
           of
           their
           successors
           and
           children
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           
             CHAP.
             X.
          
           Considerations
           of
           life
           .
        
         
           NO
           man
           is
           so
           miserable
           as
           he
           whose
           life
           is
           hated
           by
           all
           ,
           and
           his
           death
           desired
           by
           as
           many
           .
        
         
           I
           have
           known
           men
           that
           have
           suffered
           by
           fortune
           unexpectedly
           ,
           and
           having
           the
           calamity
           in
           their
           view
           ,
           have
           been
           so
           far
           transported
           beyond
           themselves
           ,
           that
           their
           rage
           and
           fury
           even
           before
           justice
           ,
           hath
           proved
           their
           sufficient
           defence
           .
        
         
           Our
           trouble
           will
           never
           be
           at
           an
           end
           ,
           if
           we
           interest
           our selves
           in
           other
           mens
           businesses
           .
        
         
           Great
           deliberation
           and
           slow
           resolution
           is
           required
           in
           the
           
           affairs
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           for
           as
           in
           the
           trade
           of
           navigation
           ,
           the
           impetuousness
           of
           the
           Sea
           is
           decryed
           and
           charged
           with
           several
           shipracks
           ,
           so
           is
           it
           not
           otherwise
           in
           the
           affairs
           of
           men
           ,
           where
           passion
           and
           unruly
           violence
           have
           overset
           many
           gallant
           designs
           and
           enterprises
           .
        
         
           In
           matters
           in
           which
           you
           seem
           to
           have
           right
           on
           your
           side
           and
           justice
           also
           ,
           a
           speedy
           dispatch
           is
           more
           needful
           then
           to
           languish
           through
           the
           delay
           of
           the
           remedy
           ;
           on
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           if
           you
           suspect
           the
           justice
           of
           your
           cause
           ,
           the
           dispute
           and
           continuance
           of
           the
           difference
           is
           most
           profitable
           ,
           and
           hesitation
           is
           better
           then
           resolution
           ,
           the
           disease
           better
           then
           the
           cure
           .
        
         
           Be
           not
           dejected
           by
           knowing
           you
           are
           constrained
           to
           begin
           
           with
           small
           designs
           ,
           for
           great
           affairs
           often
           begin
           from
           occasions
           far
           disjoyned
           and
           remote
           from
           the
           end
           to
           which
           their
           undertakers
           aspired
           ,
           for
           the
           beginning
           of
           designes
           reaches
           not
           so
           far
           as
           the
           issue
           .
        
         
           Many
           small
           troubles
           are
           like
           letters
           of
           a
           small
           print
           they
           trouble
           and
           offend
           our
           eyes
           ,
           without
           the
           help
           of
           the
           spectacles
           of
           reason
           and
           judgement
           ;
           but
           great
           adversities
           we
           read
           presently
           and
           more
           easily
           .
        
         
           Sundry
           affections
           and
           passions
           of
           men
           may
           conceal
           themselves
           ,
           but
           gladness
           is
           of
           the
           nature
           of
           fire
           ,
           which
           manifests
           it self
           the
           more
           it
           is
           stifled
           and
           smothered
           .
        
         
           Follow
           not
           the
           fashion
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           who
           ,
           rather
           delight
           in
           praising
           of
           vertue
           then
           in
           imitating
           of
           it
           .
        
         
         
           No
           life
           is
           so
           full
           of
           content
           as
           to
           live
           by
           ones
           self
           ,
           and
           meddle
           not
           with
           other
           mens
           matters
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           impossible
           for
           any
           man
           to
           live
           by
           such
           a
           rule
           of
           reason
           ,
           which
           the
           fresh
           occurrences
           of
           things
           ,
           time
           and
           custome
           ,
           may
           not
           innovate
           upon
           ,
           and
           withall
           have
           informed
           him
           so
           much
           ,
           that
           in
           what
           he
           pretended
           to
           be
           well
           skill'd
           ,
           he
           is
           a
           meer
           novice
           ,
           and
           that
           which
           he
           esteemed
           rare
           and
           excellent
           ,
           to
           be
           unworthy
           of
           his
           most
           undervaluing
           considerations
           .
        
         
           Most
           happy
           are
           those
           ,
           who
           keeping
           a
           constant
           tenour
           of
           life
           pass
           through
           it
           without
           any
           danger
           ,
           in
           the
           managery
           of
           business
           ,
           or
           else
           live
           in
           a
           continual
           quiet
           and
           repose
           in
           privacy
           and
           retirement
           .
        
         
         
           It
           is
           a
           demonstration
           of
           the
           greatness
           of
           spirit
           and
           of
           prudence
           ,
           to
           forget
           that
           which
           is
           lost
           and
           cannot
           be
           recovered
           ,
           to
           give
           way
           to
           thoughts
           designing
           the
           amends
           other
           ways
           .
        
         
           The
           body
           is
           pleased
           and
           recreated
           only
           ,
           during
           the
           time
           only
           of
           its
           pleasure
           ,
           whereas
           the
           mind
           of
           man
           foresees
           future
           contentments
           and
           enjoyments
           ,
           and
           suffers
           not
           the
           memories
           of
           past
           felicities
           to
           slip
           her
           repetition
           .
        
         
           Youth
           giveth
           a
           tast
           and
           indication
           of
           what
           may
           be
           expected
           from
           men
           ;
           the
           rest
           of
           our
           time
           and
           seasons
           of
           our
           life
           ,
           are
           appointed
           and
           designed
           to
           reap
           ,
           gather
           and
           receive
           the
           profits
           of
           what
           was
           sown
           in
           that
           age
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           folly
           to
           complain
           of
           life
           ,
           more
           to
           be
           troubled
           at
           the
           end
           
           of
           it
           ,
           by
           the
           reason
           we
           ought
           more
           to
           complain
           of
           our
           birth
           ,
           that
           made
           and
           produced
           us
           mortal
           ,
           then
           of
           our
           death
           ,
           which
           will
           render
           us
           immortal
           .
        
         
           To
           be
           long
           or
           short
           lived
           is
           no
           more
           then
           this
           ,
           we
           come
           either
           sooner
           or
           later
           (
           no
           great
           choice
           )
           to
           our
           grave
           .
           He
           is
           very
           desirous
           of
           life
           ,
           who
           is
           unwilling
           to
           dye
           when
           all
           the
           world
           is
           weary
           of
           him
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           not
           white
           or
           gray
           hairs
           ,
           nor
           wrinckles
           in
           the
           face
           ,
           beget
           a
           present
           respect
           for
           men
           ,
           but
           a
           life
           honourably
           passed
           ,
           conferrs
           glory
           and
           renown
           ,
           and
           places
           the
           deserved
           wreaths
           on
           their
           Temples
           ,
        
         
           'T
           is
           a
           strange
           insatuation
           in
           man
           ,
           that
           he
           never
           takes
           thought
           how
           to
           l
           ve
           vertuously
           ,
           but
           is
           very
           careful
           how
           to
           prolong
           
           his
           life
           from
           a
           loose
           principle
           ,
           that
           it
           lies
           in
           the
           power
           of
           a
           man
           to
           live
           well
           ,
           but
           it
           is
           out
           of
           his
           power
           to
           live
           long
           .
        
         
           A
           life
           among
           Roses
           ,
           ends
           in
           a
           death
           among
           Thornes
           and
           Thistles
           ,
           which
           proceeds
           always
           from
           those
           intemperances
           and
           disorders
           our
           pleasurers
           sway
           us
           to
           .
        
         
           Life
           is
           a
           continual
           longing
           ,
           and
           a
           continual
           nauseating
           ,
           and
           all
           humane
           reason
           ,
           judgement
           ,
           and
           art
           cannot
           by
           any
           ways
           remedy
           it
           ,
           and
           who
           would
           be
           a
           slave
           to
           such
           vicissitudes
           ?
        
         
           They
           are
           very
           miserable
           who
           have
           nothing
           but
           a
           heap
           of
           years
           to
           prove
           they
           have
           lived
           long
           ,
           but
           infinitely
           unhappy
           are
           they
           who
           survive
           their
           credit
           and
           reputation
           .
        
         
           There
           is
           no
           better
           defence
           
           against
           the
           injuries
           of
           fortune
           and
           vexation
           of
           life
           ,
           then
           death
           .
        
         
           Make
           your
           Estate
           the
           bound
           of
           your
           desires
           ,
           and
           not
           your
           desires
           the
           limits
           of
           your
           Estate
           ,
           but
           the
           best
           and
           equalest
           boundary
           to
           both
           is
           death
           .
        
      
       
         
         
         
           MAXIMS
           OF
           STATE
           ,
           BY
           THE
           MARQUIS
           OF
           Argyle
           .
        
         
           
           
           
             
               CHAP.
               I.
            
             The
             Prince
             .
          
           
             THere
             is
             nothing
             in
             the
             world
             which
             wins
             more
             upon
             the
             affections
             of
             men
             ,
             or
             makes
             a
             Prince
             more
             reverenced
             and
             desired
             then
             clemency
             ;
             it
             is
             also
             necessary
             ,
             that
             he
             keep
             himself
             in
             a
             constant
             tenour
             ,
             duely
             tempering
             that
             gravity
             (
             which
             Majesty
             requires
             )
             with
             debonarity
             and
             sweetness
             ;
             that
             all
             accesses
             to
             him
             be
             easie
             ,
             that
             he
             caresse
             and
             esteem
             ,
             and
             give
             kind
             reception
             to
             all
             persons
             of
             worth
             ,
             
             discountenancing
             the
             vicious
             ,
             and
             casting
             out
             flatterers
             ,
             lyers
             ,
             and
             such
             like
             ,
             of
             whom
             no
             service
             may
             be
             expected
             .
          
           
             'T
             is
             the
             excellence
             of
             a
             Prince
             to
             use
             his
             clemency
             in
             pardoning
             such
             as
             offend
             ,
             and
             for
             which
             offence
             any
             reasonable
             ,
             equitable
             excuse
             may
             be
             alledged
             ,
             as
             also
             in
             abating
             the
             rigour
             of
             the
             law
             to
             such
             ,
             who
             transgress
             not
             out
             of
             custome
             ,
             and
             are
             otherways
             persons
             of
             repute
             and
             of
             vertue
             ,
             and
             whose
             faults
             are
             not
             atrocious
             ;
             for
             if
             he
             exercise
             his
             clemency
             other
             then
             so
             ,
             without
             these
             considerations
             ,
             he
             will
             be
             rather
             cruel
             ,
             and
             unjust
             ,
             then
             merciful
             ;
             whereas
             counterpoising
             it
             with
             equity
             ;
             his
             justice
             is
             no
             way
             interessed
             against
             it
             ,
             being
             reduced
             and
             applied
             to
             its
             true
             cause
             .
          
           
           
             It
             is
             less
             dishonourable
             for
             a
             Prince
             to
             be
             vanquish'd
             by
             Armes
             ,
             then
             by
             munificence
             and
             bounty
             .
          
           
             That
             revenge
             which
             a
             Prince
             takes
             from
             his
             sense
             of
             a
             personal
             injury
             is
             always
             esteem'd
             rigorous
             and
             too
             severe
             though
             never
             so
             just
             .
          
           
             'T
             is
             fatal
             to
             all
             Princes
             ,
             who
             have
             swayd
             Scepters
             in
             their
             minority
             ,
             to
             be
             embroyled
             with
             troubles
             and
             seditions
             in
             the
             beginnings
             of
             their
             raign
             ,
             and
             tormented
             by
             some
             of
             their
             subjects
             desirous
             of
             novelty
             ;
             but
             when
             they
             have
             attained
             to
             age
             and
             the
             full
             exercise
             of
             their
             power
             ,
             they
             have
             quickly
             learned
             to
             chastise
             and
             punish
             those
             insolencies
             and
             outrages
             committed
             against
             them
             in
             their
             youth
             .
          
           
           
             Ordinarily
             Princes
             do
             not
             use
             to
             love
             such
             ,
             who
             are
             acquainted
             ,
             see
             and
             reprehend
             their
             vices
             ;
             nevertheless
             ,
             they
             cannot
             so
             carry
             them
             ,
             but
             that
             notice
             will
             be
             taken
             ;
             nor
             avoid
             the
             censure
             which
             is
             become
             the
             Town-talk
             .
          
           
             Neighbour
             Princes
             must
             not
             go
             see
             or
             frequent
             Campagnia's
             of
             war
             ,
             lest
             in
             so
             doing
             ,
             they
             draw
             upon
             themselves
             hatred
             and
             envy
             .
          
           
             A
             Prince
             must
             be
             constant
             in
             retaining
             his
             good
             friends
             and
             servants
             ,
             and
             entertain
             no
             sinister
             opinion
             of
             them
             ,
             without
             great
             ,
             just
             ,
             and
             apparent
             cause
             ;
             to
             govern
             himself
             by
             his
             own
             counsel
             ,
             and
             to
             be
             master
             of
             himself
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             of
             his
             affections
             and
             opinions
             ,
             by
             reducing
             them
             to
             sage
             and
             mature
             advice
             .
          
           
           
             The
             Prince
             who
             is
             too
             cruel
             in
             the
             punishment
             of
             crimes
             ,
             whether
             supposed
             or
             true
             ,
             gives
             occasion
             of
             censure
             ,
             that
             it
             is
             out
             of
             covetousness
             after
             the
             condemneds
             goods
             ,
             and
             that
             he
             is
             swayed
             more
             by
             avarice
             then
             justice
             .
          
           
             Princes
             must
             have
             a
             care
             they
             suffer
             not
             any
             subject
             ,
             to
             grow
             near
             them
             in
             such
             grandeur
             and
             puissance
             ,
             which
             ,
             their
             boldness
             may
             soon
             make
             redoubtable
             to
             them
             ;
             but
             must
             cut
             them
             in
             the
             root
             :
             for
             if
             that
             greatness
             once
             be
             radicated
             ,
             it
             is
             almost
             impossible
             to
             pull
             it
             up
             without
             the
             absolute
             ruin
             of
             those
             who
             attempt
             it
             ,
             as
             of
             late
             experience
             Wallenstein
             Duke
             of
             Freidland
             .
          
           
             It
             hath
             often
             happened
             that
             the
             memory
             of
             a
             good
             Prince
             
             deceased
             ,
             hath
             been
             of
             good
             stead
             to
             his
             vicious
             successors
             ,
             degenerating
             from
             his
             vertues
             ,
             and
             hath
             made
             their
             government
             tolerable
             .
          
           
             A
             Prince
             ought
             to
             be
             vigilant
             and
             careful
             ,
             that
             he
             be
             not
             surprized
             by
             the
             ordinary
             importunity
             of
             craving
             Courtiers
             ,
             in
             pardoning
             faults
             which
             he
             ought
             to
             have
             punished
             .
          
           
             Princes
             must
             not
             make
             use
             of
             (
             like
             private
             men
             )
             artifices
             and
             slights
             ,
             which
             will
             soon
             hazard
             their
             persons
             and
             Estates
             .
          
           
             Couragious
             Princes
             are
             most
             commonly
             subject
             to
             love
             Mars
             and
             Venus
             ,
             which
             are
             oftimes
             link'd
             together
             .
          
           
             Kings
             must
             sometimes
             visit
             the
             remotest
             parts
             of
             their
             Country
             ,
             that
             their
             subjects
             may
             see
             by
             their
             care
             of
             them
             ,
             
             that
             they
             are
             truly
             the
             Pastors
             of
             the
             people
             .
          
           
             The
             children
             of
             Kings
             are
             to
             be
             taught
             to
             speak
             low
             and
             gravely
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             necessary
             that
             a
             great
             Monarch
             should
             be
             universally
             knowing
             .
             Private
             men
             for
             their
             direction
             ,
             content
             themselves
             with
             one
             single
             vertue
             ,
             but
             a
             Soveraign
             must
             have
             all
             ;
             for
             who
             hath
             more
             need
             of
             prudence
             and
             wisdome
             ,
             then
             he
             who
             deliberates
             ,
             and
             resolves
             ,
             such
             great
             and
             important
             affairs
             ?
             who
             ought
             to
             be
             more
             just
             ,
             then
             he
             who
             governs
             the
             laws
             ?
             who
             ought
             to
             be
             more
             reserved
             ,
             then
             he
             to
             whom
             all
             is
             permitted
             ?
             and
             who
             hath
             more
             need
             of
             courage
             and
             valour
             ,
             then
             he
             who
             protects
             and
             defends
             all
             ?
          
           
             Truth
             never
             or
             seldome
             approaches
             
             the
             ears
             of
             Princes
             without
             a
             disguise
             ,
             or
             blemish'd
             by
             the
             injury
             and
             cunning
             of
             those
             ,
             who
             would
             indirectly
             gain
             the
             favour
             of
             the
             Prince
             without
             deserving
             it
             .
          
           
             A
             Prince
             ought
             to
             take
             Counsel
             when
             it
             pleases
             himself
             ,
             and
             not
             at
             the
             will
             of
             another
             ;
             if
             he
             be
             not
             sufficient
             of
             himself
             ,
             he
             will
             hardly
             be
             well
             advised
             if
             he
             be
             not
             committed
             to
             the
             conduct
             of
             one
             particular
             person
             ,
             who
             is
             solely
             and
             entirely
             to
             govern
             him
             ,
             and
             whatever
             good
             shall
             be
             effected
             by
             his
             Counsels
             ought
             to
             be
             ascribed
             to
             the
             prudence
             of
             the
             Prince
             ,
             rather
             then
             his
             Counsellours
             .
          
           
             The
             best
             Counsel
             that
             can
             be
             given
             to
             Princes
             ,
             who
             are
             well
             advanced
             in
             years
             and
             in
             extreme
             
             old
             age
             ,
             and
             who
             must
             leave
             unexperienced
             raw
             successors
             ,
             is
             to
             treat
             rather
             of
             peace
             and
             alliances
             with
             their
             neighbours
             ,
             then
             to
             enterprise
             a
             war.
             
          
           
             A
             King
             is
             obliged
             as
             diligently
             and
             carefully
             to
             keep
             the
             goods
             of
             his
             Crown
             ,
             as
             a
             Tutor
             those
             of
             his
             Pupil
             .
          
           
             A
             Prince
             must
             be
             punctual
             in
             his
             religion
             ,
             for
             nothing
             so
             sadly
             presages
             his
             ruin
             ,
             as
             his
             negligence
             in
             that
             ,
             and
             therefore
             his
             most
             lively
             thoughts
             must
             be
             intent
             on
             it
             ,
             and
             in
             serving
             God
             without
             hypocrisie
             .
          
           
             It
             much
             imports
             a
             Prince
             ,
             to
             preserve
             union
             and
             friendship
             with
             his
             brothers
             ,
             as
             being
             the
             dearest
             part
             of
             himself
             ,
             and
             as
             ready
             to
             his
             assistance
             ,
             as
             his
             own
             eyes
             ,
             his
             hands
             ,
             and
             his
             feet
             .
          
           
           
             Princes
             must
             beware
             of
             attempting
             what
             's
             above
             their
             strength
             ,
             or
             to
             enterprise
             any
             thing
             in
             which
             they
             are
             not
             sure
             to
             come
             off
             with
             honour
             .
          
           
             Kingdomes
             ,
             Treasures
             ,
             the
             robe
             of
             purple
             ,
             the
             Diadem
             ,
             are
             not
             such
             splendid
             ornaments
             of
             a
             Prince
             ,
             as
             vertue
             and
             wisdome
             ;
             for
             a
             Prince
             that
             knows
             himself
             to
             be
             but
             a
             man
             will
             never
             be
             proud
             .
          
           
             Those
             Princes
             then
             begin
             to
             lose
             their
             estates
             ,
             when
             they
             begin
             to
             break
             the
             ancient
             laws
             ,
             manners
             and
             customes
             ,
             under
             which
             their
             subjects
             have
             long
             lived
             ;
             for
             Princes
             must
             have
             as
             much
             regard
             to
             the
             safety
             of
             their
             subjects
             ,
             (
             which
             consists
             in
             the
             protection
             of
             the
             laws
             )
             as
             of
             their
             lives
             .
          
           
             A
             Prince
             newly
             come
             to
             the
             
             Crown
             ,
             must
             especially
             avoid
             giving
             any
             occasion
             to
             his
             subjects
             ,
             to
             wish
             and
             sigh
             for
             the
             government
             of
             his
             predecessor
             ,
             as
             the
             people
             of
             Rome
             did
             under
             Tiberius
             ,
             after
             
               Augustus
               Caesar.
            
             
          
           
             When
             Princes
             send
             Ambassadors
             ,
             they
             must
             chuse
             such
             whose
             manners
             and
             qualities
             are
             suitable
             and
             agreeable
             to
             the
             Court
             whither
             they
             are
             sent
             .
          
           
             A
             good
             Prince
             does
             not
             only
             do
             good
             to
             the
             good
             by
             making
             them
             better
             ,
             but
             also
             to
             the
             bad
             by
             restraining
             them
             from
             being
             worse
             ;
             and
             the
             felicity
             of
             subjects
             ,
             is
             the
             true
             glory
             of
             Kings
             .
          
           
             Princes
             are
             mistaken
             that
             think
             to
             raign
             over
             men
             ,
             without
             permitting
             God
             to
             rule
             over
             them
             .
          
           
           
             The
             request
             of
             a
             Prince
             is
             equal
             to
             a
             commandement
             .
          
           
             Princes
             sometimes
             disgrace
             their
             favourits
             for
             their
             good
             ,
             and
             restore
             them
             again
             for
             their
             hurt
             .
          
           
             A
             Prince
             who
             truly
             is
             and
             effectually
             appears
             to
             be
             religious
             ,
             is
             always
             feared
             and
             reverenced
             by
             his
             subjects
             ,
             who
             will
             never
             rebell
             or
             revolt
             from
             him
             ,
             believing
             that
             he
             is
             under
             the
             particular
             protection
             of
             God.
             
          
           
             Offences
             which
             Princes
             take
             are
             like
             fixed
             pillars
             ,
             but
             their
             love
             like
             the
             spokes
             in
             a
             running
             wheel
             .
          
           
             Princes
             bestow
             offices
             ,
             Favorites
             give
             admission
             ,
             nature
             good
             extraction
             ,
             parents
             patrimony
             ,
             and
             merits
             give
             honour
             ,
             but
             w●sedome
             and
             discretion
             come
             
             from
             God
             alone
             ,
             and
             are
             not
             in
             mans
             disposing
             .
          
           
             Kings
             have
             diverse
             sorts
             of
             thunder
             as
             well
             as
             Jupiter
             ,
             that
             which
             tears
             and
             rends
             all
             that
             resist
             it
             in
             solid
             bodies
             ;
             and
             that
             which
             passes
             the
             soft
             and
             pliable
             .
          
           
             The
             science
             which
             we
             learn
             by
             books
             ,
             is
             water
             out
             of
             a
             Cistern
             ,
             that
             which
             we
             gain
             by
             experience
             is
             living
             water
             ,
             and
             in
             its
             spring
             ;
             so
             though
             among
             scholastick
             men
             we
             find
             couragious
             and
             refined
             polite
             spirits
             ,
             yet
             Princes
             take
             not
             usually
             such
             as
             they
             intend
             for
             their
             service
             from
             the
             schools
             though
             they
             be
             knowing
             and
             able
             persons
             ;
             for
             't
             is
             business
             and
             action
             that
             strengthens
             the
             brain
             ,
             while
             contemplation
             weakneth
             it
             .
          
           
             'T
             is
             dishonorable
             for
             a
             great
             
             Prince
             or
             Monarch
             to
             defend
             and
             maintain
             with
             his
             Quill
             ,
             which
             his
             prodecessors
             have
             acquested
             with
             their
             Lance.
             
          
           
             A
             Prince
             that
             would
             get
             much
             ,
             must
             pardon
             much
             ;
             though
             't
             is
             a
             maxime
             among
             Grandees
             ,
             especially
             such
             as
             are
             raised
             from
             obscurity
             ,
             that
             though
             they
             be
             mortal
             ,
             yet
             the
             indignities
             done
             them
             are
             immortal
             .
          
           
             'T
             is
             folly
             to
             solicite
             tediously
             great
             men
             ,
             for
             a
             thing
             which
             cannot
             be
             obtained
             .
          
           
             The
             good
             words
             of
             a
             Prince
             ,
             accompanied
             with
             promises
             are
             most
             forcible
             and
             powerful
             engines
             .
          
           
             'T
             was
             a
             precept
             of
             the
             Emperour
             Charles
             the
             fifth
             ,
             to
             his
             son
             King
             Philip
             the
             second
             ,
             to
             exercise
             himself
             always
             in
             some
             vertue
             befitting
             and
             convenient
             
             for
             a
             King
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             that
             holding
             his
             subjects
             in
             admiration
             of
             his
             actions
             ,
             no
             time
             should
             be
             given
             their
             thoughts
             to
             entertain
             other
             affections
             .
          
           
             He
             must
             never
             see
             the
             picture
             of
             fear
             any
             where
             ,
             but
             on
             the
             shoulders
             and
             backs
             of
             his
             enemies
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             not
             only
             a
             sign
             of
             modesty
             and
             clemency
             ,
             but
             also
             of
             a
             superlative
             courage
             ,
             when
             Kings
             take
             no
             notice
             of
             ungrateful
             mens
             speeches
             .
          
           
             Nothing
             can
             please
             a
             good
             King
             so
             much
             as
             concord
             among
             his
             subjects
             ,
             whereas
             that
             makes
             a
             Tyrant
             to
             fear
             them
             .
          
           
             A
             Prince
             must
             by
             all
             means
             prevent
             ,
             (
             flighting
             not
             the
             smallest
             things
             )
             and
             obviate
             factions
             and
             conspiracies
             ;
             for
             as
             the
             loudest
             storms
             and
             tempests
             ,
             
             are
             caused
             by
             secret
             exhalations
             and
             insensible
             vapours
             ;
             so
             seditions
             and
             civil
             wars
             ,
             begin
             often
             from
             light
             occasions
             ,
             and
             which
             no
             man
             would
             think
             could
             come
             to
             such
             an
             issue
             .
          
           
             The
             retinue
             and
             train
             of
             a
             Prince
             ,
             let
             it
             be
             never
             so
             retrench'd
             and
             ordered
             ,
             is
             always
             very
             troublesome
             to
             the
             places
             through
             which
             they
             pass
             .
          
           
             'T
             is
             a
             true
             foundation
             and
             principal
             maxime
             of
             State
             ,
             to
             have
             an
             eye
             ,
             to
             the
             growing
             greatness
             of
             a
             neighbour
             Prince
             ,
             and
             to
             have
             always
             a
             jealous
             fear
             of
             his
             power
             ;
             this
             makes
             the
             friendship
             between
             them
             more
             firm
             and
             durable
             ;
             for
             when
             they
             have
             reason
             alike
             to
             dread
             one
             another
             ,
             either
             of
             them
             will
             but
             coldly
             attempt
             a
             breach
             .
          
           
           
             The
             will
             of
             a
             Prince
             is
             to
             be
             executed
             ,
             not
             interpreted
             .
          
           
             Princes
             commonly
             pay
             flatterers
             in
             their
             own
             coin
             ,
             for
             they
             dissemble
             the
             vices
             of
             the
             Princes
             ,
             and
             they
             dissemble
             the
             lies
             of
             the
             flatterers
             .
          
           
             At
             the
             death
             of
             a
             Prince
             ,
             't
             is
             discretion
             to
             seem
             neither
             sorrowful
             nor
             glad
             .
          
           
             A
             Prince
             cannot
             be
             said
             to
             be
             potent
             ,
             who
             is
             not
             strong
             at
             sea
             ,
             and
             cannot
             joyn
             maritime
             to
             his
             land-forces
             .
          
           
             When
             mean
             Princes
             pass
             the
             limits
             of
             mediocrity
             ,
             they
             are
             neer
             past
             the
             bounds
             of
             security
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             necessary
             ,
             that
             a
             Prince
             defer
             nothing
             to
             the
             deliberation
             of
             his
             Council
             of
             Estate
             ,
             which
             hath
             not
             first
             past
             the
             Counsel
             of
             his
             Conscience
             .
          
           
           
             It
             is
             not
             good
             to
             frequent
             the
             presence
             of
             a
             Prince
             whom
             you
             have
             offended
             ;
             he
             was
             well
             advised
             ,
             who
             having
             provoked
             his
             Soveraign
             ,
             protested
             ,
             that
             he
             would
             never
             see
             his
             face
             more
             but
             in
             picture
             .
          
           
             They
             must
             be
             strong
             and
             down-right
             blows
             ,
             that
             can
             batter
             down
             a
             puissant
             crown
             .
          
           
             The
             Treaties
             between
             Princes
             should
             resemble
             Drusus
             his
             building
             or
             
               Templum
               fidei
            
             ,
             which
             were
             constantly
             clear
             ,
             nothing
             of
             obscurity
             ,
             nothing
             feigned
             ,
             and
             without
             any
             coverture
             .
          
           
             This
             should
             be
             a
             lesson
             and
             Rule
             for
             all
             Princes
             ,
             that
             the
             faults
             which
             they
             suffer
             and
             tolerate
             in
             their
             subjects
             ,
             are
             as
             so
             many
             burdens
             laid
             upon
             their
             own
             shoulder
             ,
             and
             of
             which
             they
             
             must
             give
             account
             to
             the
             Majesty
             of
             him
             to
             whom
             they
             as
             much
             as
             other
             men
             are
             subjected
             .
          
           
             Great
             Princes
             ordinarily
             endeavour
             to
             bring
             petty
             ones
             into
             their
             snares
             ,
             or
             to
             do
             their
             affairs
             at
             their
             expence
             ;
             they
             embarck
             themselves
             in
             their
             quarrels
             ,
             and
             forget
             and
             leave
             them
             out
             in
             the
             accomodation
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             under
             colour
             of
             defence
             and
             assistance
             keep
             those
             places
             for
             their
             own
             ,
             which
             were
             put
             into
             their
             hands
             for
             gage
             and
             caution
             .
          
           
             Nothing
             renders
             a
             Prince
             more
             contemptible
             then
             niggardliness
             ,
             for
             't
             is
             odious
             in
             all
             men
             ,
             but
             specially
             in
             them
             ,
             who
             as
             they
             are
             placed
             in
             an
             ampler
             and
             more
             opulent
             fortune
             then
             
             other
             men
             ,
             ought
             to
             be
             more
             liberal
             and
             free
             from
             base
             ,
             parsimony
             and
             covetousness
             .
          
           
             The
             greatness
             of
             that
             Prince
             is
             sure
             and
             stable
             ,
             which
             his
             subjects
             know
             to
             be
             as
             much
             for
             them
             ,
             as
             above
             them
             .
          
           
             A
             Prince
             mounted
             on
             high
             will
             have
             high
             aspiring
             thoughts
             .
             'T
             was
             great
             Alexanders
             speech
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             proper
             to
             good
             Princes
             to
             do
             well
             ,
             and
             to
             hear
             ill
             .
          
           
             It
             were
             very
             expedient
             that
             a
             Prince
             who
             inherits
             his
             Realm
             ,
             should
             inherit
             also
             the
             Ministers
             of
             State
             ,
             to
             aid
             him
             in
             the
             government
             ;
             those
             that
             have
             been
             used
             to
             the
             managery
             of
             affairs
             ,
             are
             of
             more
             knowledge
             then
             those
             that
             newly
             enter
             upon
             the
             administration
             ,
             who
             
             being
             ignorant
             of
             the
             causes
             and
             first
             designes
             ,
             either
             spoil
             all
             presently
             ,
             or
             so
             turn
             the
             course
             of
             the
             policy
             of
             the
             State
             ,
             that
             confusion
             follows
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               CHAP.
               II.
            
             Of
             Courage
             .
          
           
             IT
             hath
             been
             the
             glory
             of
             Scotland
             ,
             that
             she
             hath
             sent
             forth
             as
             many
             famous
             warriours
             into
             the
             world
             as
             any
             Nation
             whatsoever
             ;
             of
             later
             years
             more
             especially
             ,
             in
             the
             Swedish
             and
             Imperial
             war
             under
             that
             great
             Captain
             
               Gustavus
               Adolphus
            
             ,
             as
             also
             in
             
               Russia
               ,
               Poland
               ,
               Pruss
            
             ,
             and
             most
             parts
             of
             Europe
             .
             Most
             of
             those
             Hero's
             were
             persons
             of
             very
             good
             extraction
             and
             noble
             families
             ;
             neither
             should
             I
             mislike
             it
             if
             any
             of
             you
             ,
             except
             my
             son
             Lorne
             should
             undertake
             an
             honourable
             expedition
             .
             His
             necessitudes
             and
             affairs
             at
             home
             ,
             
             will
             require
             more
             of
             thè
             gown
             then
             the
             sword
             :
             for
             truly
             I
             do
             count
             glory
             so
             atcheived
             ,
             to
             be
             the
             more
             solid
             and
             durable
             ,
             as
             having
             that
             stiffe
             composition
             of
             the
             steel
             in
             it
             ,
             whereas
             the
             other
             comes
             by
             the
             plume
             ,
             and
             is
             apter
             to
             take
             wing
             and
             be
             gone
             .
             Besides
             ,
             our
             Name
             challengeth
             you
             into
             the
             field
             ,
             our
             Ancestors
             were
             eminent
             for
             the
             military
             way
             ,
             and
             therefore
             I
             shall
             here
             lay
             you
             down
             some
             maxims
             of
             approved
             use
             ,
             taken
             from
             the
             most
             experienced
             caplains
             ,
             and
             some
             of
             my
             own
             observations
             .
          
           
             Courage
             is
             an
             innate
             moral
             vertue
             placed
             in
             the
             mind
             ,
             whereby
             it
             overlooks
             and
             contemns
             all
             difficulties
             and
             dangers
             standing
             in
             its
             way
             ,
             to
             the
             attainment
             of
             glory
             ;
             'T
             is
             the
             
             sublimer
             of
             all
             other
             vertues
             ,
             by
             means
             whereof
             they
             do
             exert
             themselves
             in
             their
             greatest
             strength
             and
             beauty
             .
          
           
             Courage
             is
             an
             exposing
             of
             the
             body
             to
             the
             utmost
             hazards
             and
             dangers
             ,
             and
             venturing
             through
             the
             most
             invincible
             hardships
             ;
             for
             of
             how
             little
             concern
             is
             that
             man
             that
             cannot
             elevate
             himself
             above
             common
             discourse
             ?
          
           
             The
             Laurels
             and
             the
             Coronets
             are
             not
             half
             so
             glorious
             ,
             as
             the
             slashings
             of
             the
             Sword
             ,
             the
             explosion
             of
             the
             Musquet
             ,
             and
             those
             wounds
             which
             men
             fairly
             gain
             in
             the
             service
             of
             their
             Princes
             .
          
           
             In
             a
             generous
             soul
             age
             enfeebles
             not
             Courage
             .
          
           
             Nothing
             more
             touches
             a
             valiant
             man
             to
             the
             quick
             ,
             then
             to
             see
             the
             event
             not
             answer
             expectation
             ,
             
             and
             that
             fortune
             gives
             law
             to
             vertue
             .
          
           
             Matters
             of
             danger
             ,
             not
             dispair
             ,
             are
             the
             true
             objects
             of
             valour
             ,
             every
             vertue
             is
             tyed
             to
             rules
             ,
             and
             bounded
             with
             limits
             ,
             not
             to
             be
             transgressed
             ,
             the
             extremes
             alter
             all
             goodness
             if
             they
             be
             pitch'd
             upon
             .
             Courage
             loseth
             its
             merited
             honour
             ,
             if
             willfullness
             and
             overguided
             petulancy
             overbear
             it
             ;
             a
             well
             grounded
             reason
             ,
             without
             prejudice
             to
             a
             mans
             honour
             may
             justly
             countermand
             a
             rash
             and
             inconsiderate
             resolution
             .
          
           
             Nothing
             in
             the
             world
             can
             truly
             be
             said
             to
             be
             great
             ,
             if
             that
             heart
             be
             not
             so
             ,
             that
             despiseth
             great
             things
             .
          
           
             'T
             is
             natural
             for
             brave
             spirits
             ,
             not
             to
             hold
             their
             tongues
             in
             the
             very
             face
             of
             danger
             ,
             or
             
             or
             in
             fear
             of
             servitude
             .
          
           
             A
             great
             heart
             neglects
             ceremonies
             ,
             fot
             by
             how
             much
             the
             more
             generous
             it
             is
             ,
             the
             less
             it
             regards
             the
             lustre
             and
             splendor
             of
             exteriour
             things
             ,
             esteeming
             it self
             its
             own
             Theatre
             .
          
           
             Bees
             turn
             not
             Droanes
             ,
             nor
             courages
             ever
             abate
             or
             degenerate
             .
          
           
             By
             the
             way
             ,
             I
             observe
             that
             none
             have
             ever
             arrived
             to
             an
             eminent
             grandeur
             ,
             but
             who
             began
             very
             young
             .
          
           
             There
             's
             no
             place
             where
             a
             man
             cannot
             enter
             into
             which
             a
             Sun-beam
             can
             penetrate
             ;
             nothing
             so
             constant
             and
             so
             firm
             ,
             but
             what
             a
             firmer
             courage
             can
             beat
             and
             shake
             it
             .
          
           
             Noble
             souls
             are
             ashamed
             to
             see
             that
             thing
             which
             they
             cannot
             remedy
             .
          
           
           
             They
             are
             to
             be
             esteemed
             valiant
             and
             magnanimous
             ,
             who
             repell
             injuries
             and
             not
             those
             that
             do
             them
             .
          
           
             'T
             is
             better
             to
             trust
             in
             valour
             ,
             then
             in
             policy
             .
          
           
             As
             the
             light
             is
             open
             to
             all
             eyes
             ,
             so
             nothing
             can
             be
             shut
             against
             valour
             and
             magnaminity
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               CHAP.
               III.
            
             Of
             War.
             
          
           
             VVAr
             is
             either
             forraign
             or
             intestine
             ,
             Civil
             war
             always
             hath
             been
             ,
             and
             for
             ever
             will
             be
             the
             most
             destructive
             and
             ruinous
             ,
             more
             pernicious
             then
             all
             the
             other
             evils
             of
             famine
             and
             pestilence
             ,
             which
             angry
             heaven
             can
             inflict
             upon
             Cities
             or
             Kingdoms
             designed
             for
             utter
             ruin
             ;
             so
             passionately
             Livy
             expresses
             its
             unnatural
             fury
             .
          
           
             Men
             enterprise
             a
             war
             ,
             either
             relying
             on
             the
             strength
             and
             assistance
             of
             God
             ,
             or
             else
             upon
             humane
             power
             ;
             when
             men
             therefore
             are
             provided
             with
             neither
             of
             these
             ,
             when
             trial
             is
             
             made
             ,
             captivity
             ,
             or
             some
             such
             misfortune
             is
             the
             conclusion
             ,
             nor
             are
             the
             best
             armed
             both
             these
             ways
             ,
             sure
             of
             the
             victory
             .
          
           
             In
             a
             war
             that
             's
             just
             ,
             (
             for
             I
             allow
             no
             other
             ,
             )
             the
             ancient
             men
             ought
             to
             counsel
             ,
             and
             the
             young
             to
             execute
             .
          
           
             To
             do
             nothing
             out
             of
             course
             or
             without
             orders
             in
             war
             ,
             is
             of
             very
             ill
             consequence
             ;
             for
             while
             time
             is
             spent
             in
             waiting
             for
             them
             ,
             
               occasio
               res
               gerendae
               perditur
            
             ,
             many
             noble
             designs
             are
             lost
             ;
             the
             reason
             is
             ,
             because
             directions
             being
             to
             be
             had
             at
             a
             great
             distance
             ,
             they
             usually
             come
             too
             late
             for
             execution
             ;
             and
             't
             is
             the
             nature
             of
             war
             to
             produce
             every
             moment
             some
             unlook'd
             for
             difficulties
             .
          
           
             'T
             is
             better
             to
             attain
             if
             possible
             
             by
             peace
             the
             half
             of
             our
             demands
             ,
             then
             by
             war
             the
             whole
             ,
             for
             a
             war
             is
             sooner
             kindled
             then
             extinguished
             .
          
           
             War
             proceeds
             from
             the
             ambition
             and
             malice
             of
             men
             ,
             but
             the
             success
             of
             it
             depends
             on
             the
             good
             will
             of
             God.
             
          
           
             In
             domestique
             broils
             ,
             the
             greatest
             victory
             is
             never
             to
             be
             victorious
             ,
             rather
             to
             level
             demands
             by
             a
             peace
             then
             mount
             to
             them
             by
             a
             conquest
             .
          
           
             By
             prevention
             ,
             revulsion
             and
             diversion
             ,
             oftentimes
             men
             have
             gained
             by
             the
             war
             ,
             when
             nothing
             but
             confidence
             makes
             men
             losers
             .
          
           
             A
             Civil
             war
             is
             nothing
             but
             the
             flux
             and
             reflux
             of
             conquests
             and
             losses
             .
          
           
             In
             war
             it
             's
             punishable
             with
             death
             to
             hold
             a
             place
             ,
             which
             is
             
             not
             cenable
             by
             the
             military
             rules
             ,
             else
             every
             hen
             roost
             would
             make
             an
             army
             stay
             in
             its
             march
             .
          
           
             In
             a
             fair
             war
             ,
             a
             man
             may
             see
             from
             whom
             to
             guard
             himself
             ,
             but
             in
             a
             slubbered
             peace
             ,
             a
             man
             knows
             not
             in
             whom
             to
             trust
             .
          
           
             When
             the
             heart
             of
             the
             Souldiery
             fails
             ,
             all
             commands
             are
             to
             no
             purpose
             ;
             for
             fear
             casts
             a
             mist
             over
             their
             memory
             ,
             and
             the
             practique
             without
             courage
             is
             to
             no
             purpose
             in
             times
             of
             necessity
             .
          
           
             The
             events
             of
             war
             are
             uncertain
             ,
             small
             skirmishes
             end
             in
             a
             set
             battle
             ,
             which
             is
             fought
             oftentimes
             more
             out
             of
             eagerness
             and
             heat
             of
             blood
             ,
             then
             prudence
             .
          
           
             Mischief
             in
             the
             beginning
             of
             a
             civil
             war
             ,
             though
             not
             well
             supported
             at
             first
             ,
             grows
             higher
             like
             the
             luxuriant
             branches
             of
             a
             fruit-bearing
             tree
             ;
             but
             if
             a
             good
             
             Patriot
             like
             a
             Gardner
             put
             in
             his
             pruning
             hook
             ,
             the
             suckers
             are
             soon
             cut
             off
             ,
             and
             the
             stock
             remains
             entire
             .
          
           
             All
             manner
             of
             stratagems
             are
             lawful
             in
             war
             ,
             though
             not
             practicable
             in
             State-policy
             .
             The
             sight
             and
             shew
             of
             new
             engines
             of
             war
             to
             the
             besieged
             ,
             hath
             been
             the
             only
             cause
             of
             their
             surrender
             .
          
           
             Money
             is
             the
             sinew
             of
             the
             war
             ,
             but
             without
             the
             fomentation
             of
             a
             large
             treasure
             will
             soon
             shrink
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               CHAP.
               IV.
            
             Of
             Command
             .
          
           
             VVHo
             commands
             in
             any
             place
             ,
             ought
             to
             put
             a
             sentinel
             upon
             his
             mouth
             ,
             that
             nothing
             unadvised
             slip
             from
             him
             ;
             &
             bear
             such
             a
             countenance
             ,
             that
             the
             fair
             out-side
             may
             varnish
             his
             severity
             within
             .
             Men
             that
             are
             cholerick
             ,
             though
             they
             may
             be
             apt
             for
             learning
             ,
             yet
             are
             not
             fit
             to
             command
             .
          
           
             Negligence
             is
             no
             point
             of
             excuse
             in
             a
             governour
             of
             a
             strong
             important
             place
             ,
             for
             if
             a
             truce
             or
             (
             may
             be
             )
             a
             peace
             be
             concluded
             on
             ,
             yet
             he
             ought
             to
             consider
             that
             he
             is
             not
             concerned
             in
             that
             peace
             ,
             having
             in
             his
             custody
             that
             
             which
             is
             well
             worth
             the
             breaking
             of
             it
             .
          
           
             Never
             think
             of
             governing
             others
             ,
             till
             you
             have
             the
             government
             of
             your self
             .
          
           
             To
             command
             and
             obey
             that
             which
             is
             commanded
             ,
             is
             the
             most
             exquisitest
             art
             ;
             these
             two
             keep
             a
             City
             free
             from
             sedition
             ,
             and
             preserve
             concord
             .
          
           
             Diversity
             of
             commands
             is
             dangerous
             ,
             for
             that
             the
             execution
             of
             them
             cannot
             be
             semblable
             ,
             sor
             when
             one
             sees
             his
             counsel
             or
             command
             is
             not
             followed
             ,
             he
             grows
             regardless
             ,
             and
             may
             be
             out
             of
             emulation
             is
             the
             cause
             of
             hindring
             the
             others
             (
             though
             better
             )
             counsel
             to
             take
             effect
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             convenient
             and
             necessary
             ,
             that
             those
             who
             command
             ,
             keep
             a
             distance
             from
             their
             inferiours
             ,
             to
             beget
             in
             them
             a
             reverence
             
             and
             awe
             towards
             him
             .
          
           
             Merit
             is
             the
             only
             lawful
             ascent
             to
             places
             of
             trust
             ,
             and
             he
             who
             thinks
             to
             climbe
             without
             it
             ,
             may
             at
             the
             return
             miss
             the
             steps
             ,
             and
             precipitate
             himself
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               CHAP.
               V.
            
             Of
             Victory
             .
          
           
             BY
             the
             bloody
             sword
             victory
             is
             obtained
             in
             an
             hour
             ,
             but
             to
             keep
             up
             the
             reputation
             of
             it
             is
             matter
             of
             trouble
             through
             the
             whole
             life
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             no
             victory
             so
             glorious
             ,
             as
             that
             which
             is
             got
             with
             the
             least
             effusion
             of
             blood
             on
             the
             conquerors
             side
             ,
             and
             which
             conserves
             the
             honour
             and
             justice
             of
             his
             cause
             .
          
           
             He
             only
             accounts
             himself
             vanquished
             ,
             who
             is
             satisfied
             that
             neither
             stratagem
             ,
             nor
             treachery
             ,
             nor
             fortune
             ,
             had
             any
             thing
             to
             do
             in
             his
             overthrow
             ,
             but
             only
             clear
             valour
             in
             a
             noble
             and
             just
             war.
             
          
           
           
             He
             that
             hath
             vanquished
             his
             enemies
             ,
             may
             make
             no
             difficulty
             of
             subduing
             himself
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             of
             no
             great
             moment
             ,
             with
             what
             provisions
             or
             furnitures
             of
             men
             and
             armes
             a
             victory
             is
             atchieved
             ,
             for
             that
             conquer
             rour
             is
             more
             renowned
             ,
             who
             by
             a
             handful
             of
             men
             attain'd
             it
             ,
             being
             succoured
             and
             seconded
             by
             his
             valour
             alone
             .
          
           
             When
             the
             original
             is
             lost
             ,
             men
             must
             be
             content
             with
             the
             copy
             ;
             and
             to
             take
             all
             in
             good
             part
             what
             the
             conqueror
             pleaseth
             without
             replying
             a
             word
             .
          
           
             Seldome
             men
             know
             how
             to
             make
             advantage
             of
             their
             victories
             ,
             with
             that
             of
             the
             Carthaginian
             General
             ,
             —
             
               Vincere
               scis
               Hanibal
               uti
               victoria
               nescis
               .
            
          
           
             Anger
             and
             victory
             omit
             no
             kind
             of
             revenge
             .
          
           
           
             The
             vanquished
             have
             this
             solace
             in
             their
             overthrow
             when
             it
             is
             done
             by
             the
             armes
             and
             by
             the
             valour
             and
             conduct
             of
             a
             noble
             person
             .
          
           
             That
             's
             the
             best
             and
             compleatest
             victory
             ,
             which
             is
             without
             destruction
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             
               CHAP.
               VI.
            
             Of
             Fortune
             .
          
           
             FOrtune
             hath
             more
             force
             then
             reason
             in
             the
             decision
             of
             war
             ,
             yet
             it
             can
             do
             little
             harm
             to
             us
             ,
             so
             long
             as
             it
             takes
             not
             away
             our
             honour
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             not
             enough
             to
             know
             how
             to
             remove
             the
             machine
             of
             a
             great
             design
             ,
             nnless
             we
             know
             also
             when
             to
             let
             it
             alone
             ,
             and
             to
             comply
             with
             time
             and
             necessity
             .
          
           
             'T
             is
             God
             that
             dissipates
             the
             devices
             of
             the
             Nations
             ,
             and
             brings
             to
             nothing
             the
             designs
             of
             the
             people
             ;
             the
             King
             is
             not
             saved
             by
             the
             strength
             of
             his
             arms
             ,
             nor
             shall
             the
             mighty
             man
             escape
             by
             his
             great
             power
             .
          
           
           
             As
             the
             understanding
             of
             a
             man
             is
             not
             always
             in
             vigour
             ,
             nor
             the
             body
             in
             health
             ,
             so
             many
             times
             men
             enterprizing
             great
             things
             ,
             fall
             and
             hazard
             themseves
             ,
             lose
             their
             hopes
             and
             designs
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             their
             lives
             .
          
           
             Idleness
             and
             luxury
             have
             subdued
             more
             armes
             ,
             then
             ever
             were
             vanquished
             by
             plain
             force
             :
             what
             a
             fatal
             intemperance
             and
             sloth
             was
             that
             of
             the
             Carthaginians
             after
             the
             battle
             at
             Cannae
             ,
             to
             suffer
             the
             Romans
             to
             make
             head
             again
             ?
          
           
             Mature
             deliberation
             ought
             ever
             to
             be
             used
             ;
             but
             when
             armes
             are
             to
             determine
             ,
             speedy
             execution
             is
             best
             :
             because
             no
             delay
             in
             that
             enterprise
             is
             fit
             ,
             which
             cannot
             be
             commended
             before
             it
             be
             ended
             ,
             and
             victory
             has
             determined
             it
             .
          
           
           
             Souldiers
             must
             be
             encouraged
             in
             all
             fortunes
             to
             stand
             resolved
             ;
             that
             which
             was
             the
             enemies
             good
             luck
             to
             day
             ,
             to
             morrow
             may
             be
             theirs
             ;
             they
             must
             not
             be
             daunted
             with
             any
             passed
             misadventure
             ,
             ever
             attending
             a
             time
             and
             opportunity
             of
             revenge
             ,
             which
             commonly
             cometh
             to
             pass
             where
             mens
             minds
             are
             united
             ;
             for
             common
             danger
             must
             be
             repelled
             with
             union
             and
             concord
             .
          
           
             Some
             conquests
             are
             of
             such
             quality
             ,
             as
             albeit
             a
             victorious
             Captain
             merit
             triumphal
             honour
             ,
             yet
             a
             modest
             refusal
             becomes
             his
             greatest
             glory
             ;
             as
             some
             noble
             Romans
             did
             out
             of
             bravery
             of
             mind
             before
             the
             Emperours
             ,
             and
             some
             for
             the
             envy
             of
             it
             ,
             did
             forbear
             it
             afterwards
             .
          
           
             To
             enter
             into
             needless
             dangers
             
             was
             ever
             accounted
             madness
             ,
             yet
             in
             times
             of
             extreme
             peril
             and
             apparent
             distress
             ,
             bold
             and
             hazardous
             attempts
             are
             the
             greatest
             security
             ,
             and
             are
             usually
             seconded
             with
             good
             events
             .
          
           
             To
             conclude
             ,
             
               Melior
               Tutiorque
               certa
               pax
               quam
               sperata
               Victoria
               .
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           Miscellaneous
           Observations
           .
        
         
           GReat
           personages
           may
           preserve
           their
           honour
           without
           taint
           or
           crime
           ,
           but
           not
           free
           from
           suspition
           ;
           the
           first
           is
           in
           their
           own
           power
           ,
           the
           second
           depends
           in
           the
           ill
           will
           of
           others
           .
        
         
           Toleration
           is
           the
           cause
           of
           many
           evils
           ,
           and
           renders
           diseases
           or
           distempers
           in
           the
           State
           ,
           more
           strong
           and
           powerful
           then
           any
           remedies
           .
        
         
           It
           most
           commonly
           proves
           true
           ,
           that
           a
           Council
           composed
           of
           divers
           Nations
           ,
           (
           such
           as
           was
           projected
           by
           Cromwell
           in
           England
           ,
           during
           his
           usurpation
           ,
           in
           
           constituting
           a
           representative
           of
           three
           Kingdomes
           in
           one
           body
           ,
           )
           are
           of
           different
           judgments
           and
           tempers
           ,
           though
           never
           so
           well
           pack'd
           together
           :
           But
           yet
           that
           is
           a
           far
           worse
           diversity
           ,
           which
           proceeds
           from
           the
           variety
           of
           particular
           passions
           ,
           that
           corrupt
           the
           fountain
           and
           source
           from
           whence
           the
           advice
           and
           counsel
           of
           publique
           affairs
           is
           to
           be
           drawn
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           a
           received
           maxime
           among
           conspirators
           ,
           not
           to
           have
           any
           thing
           pass
           between
           them
           in
           writing
           ,
           but
           orally
           and
           by
           word
           of
           much
           .
        
         
           Men
           would
           seem
           to
           be
           very
           jealous
           of
           their
           honour
           ,
           when
           for
           words
           spoken
           in
           prejudice
           or
           diminution
           of
           it
           ,
           they
           commence
           fuits
           and
           processes
           against
           the
           speakers
           of
           them
           ,
           but
           there
           is
           nothing
           
           so
           below
           agenerous
           spirit
           ,
           and
           which
           argues
           more
           weakness
           of
           mind
           ,
           then
           that
           they
           cannot
           contemn
           words
           that
           are
           vain
           and
           uttered
           in
           hast
           .
           I
           can
           set
           my
           approbation
           to
           this
           ,
           that
           I
           never
           knew
           any
           man
           that
           got
           advantage
           by
           so
           doing
           .
        
         
           For
           men
           who
           have
           high
           thoughts
           and
           low
           fortunes
           ,
           't
           is
           better
           to
           live
           privately
           and
           meanly
           in
           a
           village
           ,
           then
           beggarly
           and
           disrespectedly
           at
           Court.
           
        
         
           Men
           of
           vertue
           and
           honour
           steer
           a
           course
           contrary
           to
           that
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           as
           do
           the
           planets
           above
           .
        
         
           Nothing
           is
           so
           sociable
           or
           dissociable
           as
           man
           ,
           the
           one
           is
           caused
           by
           nature
           ,
           the
           other
           by
           vice
           .
        
         
           The
           pleasure
           or
           grief
           of
           present
           
           things
           takes
           up
           the
           room
           in
           our
           thoughts
           of
           what
           is
           past
           ,
           or
           what
           is
           to
           come
           ,
           so
           infirm
           is
           the
           most
           sublimate
           humane
           reason
           subjected
           to
           the
           attempts
           of
           fortune
           .
        
         
           Prudence
           ought
           to
           begin
           all
           affairs
           ,
           for
           that
           repentance
           is
           to
           no
           purpose
           in
           the
           end
           ,
           wisedome
           rather
           prepares
           then
           repairs
           .
           Wise
           men
           walk
           not
           always
           in
           the
           same
           way
           ,
           not
           keep
           always
           the
           same
           pace
           ,
           they
           advise
           according
           to
           the
           occurrence
           of
           affairs
           ,
           and
           vary
           according
           to
           the
           alterations
           of
           time
           and
           interest
           .
        
         
           It
           belongs
           to
           prudent
           men
           to
           foresee
           that
           adversity
           and
           misfortunes
           come
           not
           before
           their
           time
           ,
           ●then
           all
           the
           wisedome
           of
           the
           world
           cannot
           stay
           them
           and
           it
           appertains
           to
           valiant
           men
           ,
           
           when
           they
           are
           come
           ,
           to
           bear
           them
           couragiously
           .
        
         
           Prudence
           without
           vertue
           ,
           is
           rather
           subtilty
           and
           malice
           ,
           yea
           is
           quite
           another
           thing
           then
           prudence
           .
        
         
           Nothing
           ought
           to
           be
           done
           violently
           or
           precipitantly
           in
           reformation
           ,
           you
           must
           wind
           up
           the
           strings
           gently
           to
           make
           them
           tunable
           ,
           the
           Musick
           sounds
           a
           great
           deal
           sweeter
           ,
           when
           they
           are
           looser
           ,
           then
           when
           straighter
           wound
           .
        
         
           He
           is
           sure
           not
           to
           fail
           ,
           who
           has
           vertue
           for
           his
           guide
           ,
           and
           fortune
           for
           his
           companion
           ;
           but
           he
           that
           travails
           such
           away
           ,
           must
           begin
           young
           ,
           else
           he
           will
           come
           late
           to
           his
           journeys
           end
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           certain
           ,
           that
           he
           who
           deviates
           from
           truth
           ,
           is
           in
           the
           ready
           way
           to
           all
           sorts
           of
           mischief
           ,
           and
           
           it
           hath
           often
           been
           seen
           ,
           that
           such
           who
           have
           laid
           their
           hopes
           in
           lying
           and
           dissembling
           to
           others
           ,
           have
           deceived
           themselves
           ,
           to
           their
           own
           ruin
           .
        
         
           The
           most
           absolute
           perfection
           of
           men
           cannot
           be
           resembled
           better
           then
           to
           a
           Pomegranate
           ,
           which
           is
           never
           without
           some
           rotten
           kernels
           .
        
         
           Nothing
           more
           grieves
           subjects
           to
           pay
           Subsidies
           and
           Taxes
           ,
           then
           when
           they
           see
           their
           money
           wasted
           or
           ill
           employed
           ,
           who
           otherwise
           where
           they
           pay
           a
           penny
           would
           willingly
           give
           a
           crown
           ,
           for
           they
           take
           notice
           that
           when
           once
           the
           door
           is
           opened
           to
           impositions
           ,
           under
           pretence
           of
           continuing
           but
           so
           long
           time
           ,
           it
           is
           seldome
           shut
           again
           ,
           this
           is
           true
           in
           all
           tyrannical
           or
           absolute
           governments
           .
        
         
         
           Nothing
           appeases
           or
           quels
           a
           sedition
           sooner
           then
           the
           presence
           of
           the
           Prince
           ,
           nor
           ought
           he
           for
           any
           fear
           or
           cause
           whatsoever
           absent
           or
           hide
           himself
           ,
           our
           late
           troubles
           speak
           this
           too
           evidently
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           an
           ill
           practise
           ,
           that
           they
           who
           have
           been
           the
           greatest
           sticklers
           in
           state
           troubles
           and
           commotions
           ,
           should
           be
           the
           greatest
           gainers
           by
           the
           accommodation
           of
           them
           .
        
         
           Seditions
           whose
           originals
           cannot
           be
           traced
           ,
           are
           always
           the
           most
           dangerous
           .
        
         
           The
           due
           correction
           of
           a
           mutinous
           people
           brought
           again
           to
           obedience
           ,
           ought
           to
           be
           regulated
           by
           examples
           and
           means
           accommodated
           to
           the
           time
           ,
           and
           disposition
           and
           humour
           of
           the
           Country
           ;
           the
           Laws
           must
           give
           place
           to
           policy
           .
        
         
         
           Always
           observe
           ,
           that
           a
           paltry
           ordinary
           fellow
           in
           a
           great
           sedition
           is
           commonly
           the
           chief
           ,
           and
           such
           an
           one
           is
           harder
           to
           be
           spoken
           or
           treated
           with
           ,
           then
           any
           Prince
           or
           General
           .
        
         
           In
           a
           civil
           war
           betwixt
           subjects
           of
           the
           same
           Prince
           ,
           misery
           follows
           the
           vanquished
           ,
           cruelty
           and
           impiety
           ,
           haunts
           the
           conquerors
           ,
           ruin
           and
           destruction
           both
           the
           one
           and
           the
           other
           .
        
         
           That
           people
           can
           never
           be
           at
           ease
           ,
           whose
           Prince
           is
           indebted
           .
        
         
           Let
           this
           be
           a
           lesson
           to
           the
           people
           to
           contain
           themselves
           within
           the
           bounds
           of
           their
           duty
           ,
           for
           by
           engaging
           in
           the
           quarrels
           of
           the
           great
           ones
           ,
           they
           are
           commonly
           plunged
           in
           the
           mire
           ,
           while
           their
           leaders
           trample
           over
           them
           to
           security
           .
        
         
           Nothing
           is
           impossible
           or
           unfasible
           ,
           
           for
           an
           enslaved
           people
           to
           do
           against
           Tyrants
           and
           Usurpers
           .
        
         
           He
           that
           keeps
           himself
           strictly
           to
           the
           observation
           of
           the
           Divine
           Laws
           ,
           cannot
           erre
           in
           the
           humane
           ,
           and
           he
           that
           is
           a
           good
           Servant
           of
           God
           ,
           will
           never
           be
           an
           ill
           Subject
           to
           his
           Prince
           .
        
         
           Such
           a
           Prince
           ,
           and
           such
           a
           People
           ,
           I
           pray
           God
           for
           ever
           to
           maintain
           and
           continue
           in
           these
           Nations
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .