The workes of the reuerend and faithfull seruant af Iesus Christ M. Richard Greenham, minister and preacher of the Word of God collected into one volume: reuised, corrected, and published, for the further building of all such as loue the truth, and desire to know the power of godlinesse. By H.H. Works Greenham, Richard. 1612 Approx. 4312 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 494 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2004-08 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A02178 STC 12318 ESTC S120843 99856036 99856036 21552 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A02178) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 21552) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 1174:5) The workes of the reuerend and faithfull seruant af Iesus Christ M. Richard Greenham, minister and preacher of the Word of God collected into one volume: reuised, corrected, and published, for the further building of all such as loue the truth, and desire to know the power of godlinesse. By H.H. Works Greenham, Richard. Holland, Henry, 1555 or 6-1603. Hill, Robert, d. 1623. The fift and last edition: in which, matters dispersed before through the whole booke, are methodically drawne to their seuerall places, and the hundred and nineteenth Psalme perfected: with a more exact table annexed. [20], 70, [4], 71-91, [11], 95-240, [6], 241-378, [7], 380-608, [4], 609-628, [4], 629-880, [16] p. Printed [by Thomas Snodham and Thomas Creede] for VVilliam VVelby, and are to be solde at his shop in Paules Church-yard, at the signe of the Swanne, London : 1612. Henry Holland signs the editor's dedication in parts 1-3 and 5. The editor's dedication to part 4 is signed: Robert Hill. Thomas Snodham printed only the general preliminaries (STC). The first leaf is blank except for signature-mark "[fleuron]". "A short forme of catechising", "The second part of the vvorks", "The thirde part of the vvorkes", "The fourth part of the vvorkes", and "The fift part of the vvorkes" each have separate title page dated 1611, with Thomas Creede's name in the imprint; register and pagination are continuous. Includes index. Reproduction of the original in the University of Chicago. Library. 2D6 mutilated, lacks title page and dedication to part 5, and pages 779-789. Pages 300-325, 768-793 from University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign Campus). Library copy filmed at end. 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Sermons, English -- 16th century. 2004-01 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2004-03 Apex CoVantage Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2004-04 Mona Logarbo Sampled and proofread 2004-04 Mona Logarbo Text and markup reviewed and edited 2004-07 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion THE WORKES OF THE REVEREND AND FAITHFVLL SERVANT OF IESVS CHRIST M. RICHARD GREENHAM , MINISTER AND PREACHER OF THE WORD of God , collected into one Volume : REVISED , CORRECTED , AND PVBLISHED , FOR THE FVRTHER BVILDING OF ALL SVCH AS LOVE the truth , and desire to know the power of godlinesse . By H. H. THE FIFT AND LAST EDITION : IN WHICH , MATTERS DISPERSED BEFORE THROVGH the whole booke , are methodically drawne to their seuerall places , and the hundred and nineteenth Psalme perfected : with a more exact Table annexed . ECCLESIASTES 12. 21. The words of the wise are like goades , and like nailes fastened by the Masters of the assemblies , which are giuen by one Pastor . GOD IS MY HELPER printer's or publisher's device LONDON : Printed for VVILLIAM VVELBY , and are to be solde at his shop in Paules Church-yard , at the signe of the Swanne . 1612. TO THE HIGH AND MIGHTIE MONARCH , IAMES BY THE GRACE OF GOD KING OF Great Britaine , France , and Ireland , defender of the Faith , &c. RIght gracious Soueraigne , I doe here humbly present vnto your Highnesse , the holy Labours of that worthy Seruant of Christ Mr. RICHARD GREENHAM , painfullie collected , corrected , and published for the good of Gods Church , by my late deere Husband Mr. HENRY HOLLAND , a Preacher of the Gospell in your Highnesse Cittie of London . VVhich I am bold to offer vnto your excellent Maiestie , partly in respect of the Author , a man renowned for his rare pietie and paines , and for his singular dexteritie in comforting afflicted Consciences : partly in regard of the worke it selfe , so well accepted and approued in the Church , that this is now the fift time it hath ben published . But chiefly because my husband hauing a little before his death bestowed great care and paines in collecting and preparing for the presse , the fourth and last part of these workes ( which in this edition is added to the rest ) straightly and many times charged mee vpon his death bed to present and dedicate the whole vnto your Highnesse , as a pledge which he desired to leaue vnto the world , of his most dutifull affection , and earnest desire to doe your Maiestie all the honour , and the Churches within your Highnesse dominions all the seruice that hee could VVherefore humbly praying that your excellent Maiestie would be pleased to accept the same at the hands of a poore widow , from him that is now at rest in the Lord , and hath ( in part receiued the crowne of his labours : I doe earnestly beseech the God of heauen abundantly to heape all graces and blessings vpon your Highnesse and your royall posteritie in this life , and finally to set vpon your heads the crowne of euerlasting life and glory in the world to come . Your Maiesties most humble and dutifull subiect Elizabeth Holland widow . TO THE RIGHT HONORABLE AND VERTVOVS LADIES THE LADIE MARGARET COVNTESSE OF CVMBERLAND , AND THE LADIE KATHERINE Countesse Dowager of Huntington : H. H. wisheth the increase of all true honour and comforts in this life , and after death a crowne of glory with Iesus Christ. I May seeme to passe the boundes of Christian modeslie , so to presse into your presence ( Right Honorable and vertuous Ladies ) without due regard of your persons and places . But such is your wisedome , that you can , and your honorable affection , that you will heare with patience the meanest seruant of Iesus Christ. I come ( Right Honorable ) as in the name of the faithfull seruant of Christ , M. R. Greenham , a man well knowne vnto your honours , and to those most religious patrons of all pietie and good learning , the right Honourable Earles ( of blessed memorie ) of Huntington , VVarwicke , and of Bedford , which now sleepe in the Lord. Of them much was hee reuerenced in his life time ; of your Honours much lamented after death , for that you know the losse of such , to be no small wracke vnto the Church and people of God. Now so it is ( right Honorable and vertuous Ladies ) that pietie in this declining age waxeth daily very faint , & impiety doth much abound : and God hath not only set before you those noble examples for imitation , but also hath enriched your harts with his faith , feare and loue , ( as it well appeares ( to embrace his blessed truth , and to be as nursing mothers to the holy religion of Christ. Now then this good seruant of the Lord , God gaue him ( to recompence his want of naturall children ) many sonnes and daughters begotten by the Gospell to the faith of Christ , and some orphanes hee left after him , which being cherished and accepted with grace among men , shall truely resemble the Fathers heart which begat them , and stand vp for him to speake and preach pietie , and the true faith of Christ to posteritie . One of which after a yeeres trauell in the nurcing and education , coated and attired ( in the best manner that I can ) and now able to speake distinctly and comfortably the fathers minde and meaning to all the spirituall Sonnes and Daughters of God in our Church ; here I doe in loue vnfained vnto him , and in dutie to your Honours , humbly present vnto your Honourable protection . If the holy Ghost thought good to commend his great and most diuine Oracles ( which haue a singular kinde of spirit , life , and power in them , knowne to all true beleeuers ) to the Church and people of God vnder the patronage ( as it were ) of honourable and vertuous Nobilitie , ( for that Inferiours neglect euen the best things , which their Superiours seeme lesse to account of , and examples doe best preuaile with vnbeleeuers : ) No maruell ( right Honourable Ladies ) if the seruants of God desire the like fauour and patronage for their labors , euen of those whom the Lord hath set as bright shining starres among men . Your Honours shall finde in this first portion of this worke , a delectable and comfortable varietie of graue experienced counsels , which may serue as precious remedyes ( wisely applyed ) for many euils , and holy directions for the good gouernment of a Christian life , and most diuine rules grounded vpon Scriptures , and well approued by his long practise , seruing well to appease the rage , and to quench the scorching flame and fierie darts of the diuell , which so torment all poore distressed consciences in this life . Such experience and good liking haue your Honours had of this man of God , of his godlines and grauitie , and of the manifold gifts of God in him , that I neede say no more , as any way doubting of your Honourable acceptation . I haue beene bould thus to knit your Honours together in this one Epistle , because I am well assured the spirit of Grace hath knit your hearts together , in his faith and feare : and for that you were so knit together in loue vnfained to this holy seruant of Christ : This worke then I commend vnto your Honours , and your Honours and it to the good blessing and holy protection of the Almightie . Your HH . to commaund : Henry Holland . THE PREFACE TO THE READER . THe lips of the righteous feede many . The true diet of the soule is an Art most rare , a very diuine facultie : It must be graunted that the liuely voice of the Prophets feedeth most effectually , searching euen the secret chambers of the soule , and working greatest impressions in the heart . The holy bookes and monuments of the righteous are as strong chests and storehouses ; wherein God hath euer reserued most pretious food for posteritie : neither may wee reiect the industrie of the heathen : for they haue some foode meete for liberall men in matters naturall and politike , seruing well ( if due regard and choise be had ) for our direction in things appertaining to this present life . All wise men are circumspect what they feede vpon , to preserue their bodies ; and ought they not much more to be respectiue wherewith they feede their soules ? Some regard onely the lips of the righteous , and feed long before they be strong men , or haue their wits exercised to discerne good or euill . Some attend onely the hand and bookes of the righteous , and these know little how soundly and truely the beleeuers mindes and hearts be fed by the breaking of the bread of life . Some regard neither : these men starue their soules with ignorance , and are setled in Atheisme and prophanenes . Some attend both , and haue well tasted of the good word of life , and goe on from strength to strength , vnto the measure of the age of the fulnesse of Christ. Some yet there are which neither regard righteous men , nor righteous matter , but feede indifferently vpon all bookes alike , to the great hazard of their owne soules : these men are vaine , and feede themselues with vanitie . The diuell in elder ages , in the blinde Papacie , fed blind soules with fables , and idle Friers inuentions : now mens wits be refined , they can no more feede on such dry stubble . Hee feedes daintie eares with choise of words , and vncleane hearts with the vnchaste and wanton loue-songs of Italian Poetrie . Such foode breedes many vncleane beasts in Citie and Country . Such men cannot loue the truth and holinesse , because they are repleate with errour and vncleannesse . Mr. Ascham , a man greatly to be commended for his learning and good affection to pietie , of this matter writes on this manner . These inchanters of Circes ( saith hee ) brought out of Italie , marre mens manners in England , much by example of life , but more by precepts of fond bookes , translated out of Italian into English. Againe , tenne Sermons at Paules Crosse doe not so much good for mouing men to true doctrine , as one of those bookes doth harme with inticing to ill liuing . I say further , these bookes tend not so much to corrupt honest liuing , as they doe to subuert true Religon : More Papists be made by your merrie bookes of Italie , than by your earnest bookes of Louaine . This complaint ought wise men to consider well of , for that the world was neuer more full of Italian conceits , nor men more in danger for the long contempt of Gods truth to be Italianated . The diet and cure of soules afflicted is a very great mysterie , wherein but few haue trauelled to reduce that matter into any good forme of art , or to giue vs any good method of practise . M. Luther , M. Beza , Vrbanus Rhegius , M. Taffin , and others , haue very excellent formes of consolation ; and many godly brethren in our times haue ministred good helpe for the cure of soules afflicted : but wanting art and good experience , we conceiue the danger to be great , and often ( as blind Empyrikes ) cause it to be greater ; for that wee rather gesse vncertainlie to applie good remedies , and speeches vnto the sicke , than know how to proceed by any certaine rule of art , and well grounded practise . If the naturall Physition might truly say , as touching his facultie , Vita breuis , &c. much more assuredly may the spirituall Physition prefixe such an Aphorisme to all this mysterie wee haue in hand . For herein the godly learned know it a matter farre more difficult to iudge what secret causes breede the hidden distemper of the soule : and here it is farre more dangerous to proceede onely by experience , without art and skill . And here we must as carefully respect all occasions and circumstances of time , place and persons : For a word spoken in due time , is like an apple of gold with pictures of siluer : so the contrarie , vnseasonable and impertinent speeches be most dangerous . The patient here must doe his part , prout fides patientis adiuuat : and the assistants must be of like tender affection , and good meanes must imforme , and time conuenient rightly be applied . It fares here with vs as with other men in humane sciences , wee know the afflictions of the minde to be very great and dangerous , but how great and perilous , all men cannot so well conceiue , much lesse how with art and skill to proceede in the practise of this cure . This reuerend man of God , M. GREENHAM , was a man in his life time of great hope , and could haue giuen best rules for this vnknowne facultie : for that the Lord by his good knowledge and experience , restored many from vnspeakable torments , and terrors of minde ; of which some are asleepe in Christ , and as yet liuing not a few . If the Lord had not so soone translated him to rest , hee was no doubt as fit , and as willing as any in our age to effect this matter . Of his knowledge this way , all the godly learned that knew him , both can and will speake , I doubt not . Of his good will herein to posteritie , let his owne words testifie the good desires of his heart : for by a speciall occasion he speaketh of himselfe on this manner . He hath had a long time a setled disposition ( as he trusteth ) of God , to studie the cases of Conscience , to succour the perplexed in them : he hath been so filled with compassion to the afflicted ( which God wrought in his heart ) as if he had been distressed with them : He hath seene the manifold blessings of God vpon his trauell . Againe , that many godly learned friends would perswade him to the aforesaid studie , by these and such like arguments . First , that hereby hee might traine vp some younger men to this end , and communicate his experience with them . Secondly , that he might leaue vnto posteritie a commentarie of such particular maladies , as through Gods blessing hee hath cured , together with the meanes vsed to that end : and because precepts are wanting , rules of direction in such cases ( by a through searching , with a diligent and continuall obseruation and conference with others learned and experienced ) might in this age , or in the age following , be brought to some forme of method and Art , whereby the knowledge and experience of these things might be made common to many , not onely to the fruitfull curing , but also the healthfull preuenting of manifold mischiefes . Thus farre his owne words . Let these graue Counsels and fruitfull obseruations in this first part of his holie workes ( which I haue here published ) testifie how mindfull and carefull he was for many yeeres , to giue herein a comfortable direction for posteritie . I am the meanest and the weakest of many brethren to write of this reuerend mans life , and labours in the Church of God : yet had I rather be noted of some for want of skill , than of any for want of loue and affection to so louing a father . I haue knowne his life for many yeeres , and reioyce in heart to haue knowne it , for that most rare graces of Gods spirit did shine in him , all tempered as with faith vnfained vnto Christ , so with bowels of compassion and loue towards men . In his holy Ministerie , hee was euer carefull to auoide all occasions of offence , desiring in all things to approoue himselfe as the Minister of Christ ; he much reicoyced and praised God for the happie gouernment of our most gratious Queene ELIZABETH , and for this blessed calme and peace of Gods Church , and people vnder it ; and spake often of it both publikely and priuatly , as he was occasioned , and stirred vp the hearts of all men what he could to pray , and to praise God with him for it continually : yea , this matter so affected him , that the day before his departure out of this life , his thoughts were much troubled , for that men were so vnthankfull for that strange and happie deliuerance of our most gratious Queene , from the dangerous conspiracies and practises of that time . He was the speciall instrument and hand of God to bring many , both godly and learned , to the holy seruice of Christ , in his Ministerie , and to restraine , and to reduce not a few from schisme and error , striuing alwaies to retaine such in obedience of lawes , and pretiouslie to esteeme and regard the peace of the Church and people of God. When God had translated this Elias from vs , then I sought to finde him in his workes : for they doe liuely expresse the picture of his minde and heart , and taste sweetly of that pure fountaine of God , from whence they were deriued . While he liued , his lips often refreshed my soule : when he was gone , I lamented much that I had not in Christianitie made that vse of him ; that a Heathen doth of a naturall wise man in humanitie . But now I praise God I haue found some good supplie of that which ( through mine owne negl●gence ) I wanted : for of his workes ( which were then dispersed farre and neere , but now by Gods prouidence the greatest and best part are come into my hands ) I can say for my content as much as Cyprian could say of his graue , ancient and learned Tertullian , both for speciall instruction and consolation . He was no sooner gone from vs , but some respecting gaine , and not regarding godlinesse , attempted forthwith to publish some fragments of his workes , to the griefe ( that I say no more ) of many louing friends , which haue long desired and expected the impression of all his workes . And here could I wish all the godly learned were of M. Francis Iunius iudgement , for hee ( to escape these hucksters handling ) endeuours wisely in his life time to preuent such a mischiefe . For this cause M. D. Crooke , ( a reuerend man for his learning and labour in the Church , well deseruing of Gods people ) for the great loue hee bare him , and desiring the good of many , pervsed and corrected some part of these workes , intending to reuiew the whole . Now the Lord hath taken him also from vs , and giuen him rest ; I haue endeuoured what I could to looke ouer the rest of all these workes ; and here I offer and recommend them to the Church of God , in the best manner that I can , after some labour and wearines . I wanted not the helpe of diuers both godly and learned friends , we haue conferred sundrie copies together , and by good conference reuised and corrected all . The Treatise of Counsels I found most distracted and corrupted . Of many hundreds I selected these few , and haue reduced them into this alphabeticall order , desiring so to dispose them , as that euery counsell might be set vnder one speciall head or argument , whereunto it seemed to haue most reference . As for example , all of affections I couched vnder that title AFFECTIONS , and all of afflictions , vnder that title , and so of the rest . Of these Counsels I may anouch ( Christian Reader ) that thou shalt finde more experienced knowledge , and more sound refreshing for thy soule in some one of them , than in some one whole Sermon , full of humane eloquence , and affectation of stile , which so many nice eares doe so much admire , and yet still be learning and come but to a poore and meane taste and knowledge of the truth . When this volume was finished and past the presse , in reuiewing the whole , for the correction of some verball faults : I see and must confesse wee haue offended by our negligence , not onely in the words , but also in the matter : yet so as I trust the louing and Christian readers , will accept our endeuour without offence . In the Counsels ye haue often this addition , he thought this , or he said that : here I must request thee ( Christian reader ) not to iudge any such speeches to proceed from any pride or singularitie : for that such obseruations ( as I suppose ) were collected and taken by others , and not set downe by himselfe . If his own hand had giuen these workes the last filing , they might haue ( no doubt ) a farre more excellent forme and beautie . But such were his trauels in his life time in preaching and comforting the afflicted , that he could not possiblie leaue these workes as he desired . In that one treatise of the Sabbath I found his owne hand , with many corrections , and yet not answering ( I am well assured ) his hearts desire . There are foure yeeres past since I first purposed the collection and publishing of all these works . Now thou hast ( good reader an impression of all ( which hitherto I haue collected ) in this forme thou seest , that so by Gods good prouidence they may the better be reserued as a holy monument for posteritie . Concerning which , be aduertised againe ( good Christian ) that whereas some books serue well for the increase of knowledge in diuine mysteries , in the causes and meanes of saluation , yet thou must remember not to rest herein : for many be rich in knowledge which be very poore , and barren in obedience , contented onely to looke on the end a farre off , and thinking that when like Snailes they creepe in the way , they be too forward , and make too much haste to follow Christ. And againe , whereas others labour much and to good purpose in books of controuersies against all the professed enemies of the Gospell : this studie also hath not the like fruit in all sorts of people , for howsoeuer some profit much this way the Church of God , in the confutation of all the aduersaries of the Gospell : yet in very many , these bookes helpe little to godlines , but rather fill the heads and hearts of men with a spirit of contradiction and contention , as our common experience daily teacheth vs. This good seruant of Christ in all these workes , doth not onely teach and informe the mind in sundry arguments handled in this volume , concerning truth and error , that so in iudgement wee might receiue the one and reiect the other : but most principally respecteth in the whole , to edifie the heart and conscience , being well assured , that this part hath most neede in most Christians of direction and consolation : and as we be in this part affected , so be we in substance and veritie before God. For this cause hee desireth and laboureth most in all these workes , to stirre vp the heart , and to quicken the affections to embrace true godlines , that so being freed from sin by the blood of Christ , & made the seruants of God , we might haue our fruit in holines , and in the end eternall life . In this Impression I haue carefully reuised and corrected in the whole worke , all the faults , which either by mine owne priuate reading , or by the helpe of other louing friends , I could obserue in word or matter . Here I rest for a time , requesting thy prayers ( good Christian Reader ) that now all these holy workes thus knit together , may serue to Gods glorie , and to the further building of the Church of God in our Land. Thine in the Lord Iesus HENRY HOLLAND . CHristian Reader , thou hast here all Maister GREENHAMS workes , as they haue beene heretofore gathered and published by the industrie of that worthy and painefull Preacher , Maister Henry Holland . In this edition thus much is performed , viz. the 119. Psalme perfected , a praier of Maister GREENHAMS in the end of his workes added , and the whole Booke reduced into a more methodicall order , which would haue beene d●●e by Maister Holland if he had longer liued : all which hath now beene thought fit to be published in this manner , as may appeare in the contents following . A SHORT AND GENERALL VIEVV OF ALL SVCH MATTERS AS ARE CONTAINED IN THE VVHOLE VVorkes of Mr. Greenham : digested after a more Methodicall manner then heretofore . The whole Booke is diuided into fiue seuerall parts , as hereafter followeth , with their particular Titles contained vnder euery one of the said Parts . THE FIRST PART : Wherein are contained these Titles hereunder following . 1 THE first portion is of graue Counsels . page 1 2 Another or second portion of an hundred and one and fifty graue Counsels , or diuine Aphorismes . page 44 3 A third portion likewise of an hundred graue counsels , and diuine directions for the attaining and retaining of faith and a good conscience . page 51 4 A short forme of catechising . page 71 THE SECOND PART : Wherein are contained these Treatises following . 1 A Sweet comfort for an afflicted Conscience . page 95 2 A second Treatise of the same argument . page 112 3 The markes of a righteous man. 118 4 Sweet and sure signes of Election to them that are brought low . 122 5 A Treatise of Contract before marriage . 122 6 A Treatise of the Sabaoth . 128 7 Notes of saluation , with the necessitie and notes of a true & vpright hart . 171. 172 8 A direction for the reading of the Scriptures . page 173 9 A Treatise of the Resurrection . 178 10 A Treatise of examination before and after the Lords Supper . 187 11 A Treatise of Gods feare . 194 12 A Treatise of Hypocrisie . 200 13 A Treatise of Anger . 204 14 A Treatise of Blessednesse . 207 15 A Treatise of Fasting . 210 16 A Treatise of sending the Holy Ghost . 216 17 A short treatise of prayer , vpon the words of the Prophet Ioel , chap. 2. ver . 32. alledged by Peter , Acts 2. ver . 21. 236 THE THIRD PART : Wherein are contained these Sermons following . 1 THE first Sermon , of Quenching the the Spirit , vpon 1 Thes. 5. ver . 19. 241 2 Of murmuring , on Exod. 16. v. 2. 249 3 Of Zeale , Reue. 3. v. 19. 255 4 Of a Good name , Prou. 22. v. 1. 259 5 Of Humilitie , Prou. 18. v. 12. 268 6 Of the education of children , Prou. 17. ver . ●1 . 276 7 Of Repentance and true sorrow for sinne , Acts 2. ver . 37. 281 8. 9. 10. Of the heauenly purchase in three Sermons , on Mat. 13. 44. 287 11 Of Christian warfare , on Ephe. 6. ver . 10. 11. 307 12 Of diuers Christian instructions , on Psal. 16. 316 13 Of flying ill company , Idolatry , and Sweareing , on Gen. 42. v. 9. 12. 14. 15. 21. 332 14 Of the mutuall duties betweene the Ministers and the people , on Heb. 13. ver . 17. 339 15 Of the Confession of sinnes : how many kindes of Confession , how truly to confesse , and the necessary vse thereof , on Pro. 28. 15. 359 16 Of the first effect of Christs crosse , what is meant thereby , how rightly to professe this Doctrine , the loue that we should beare thereunto , the ioy that ariseth therefrom , on Gal. 6. ver . 14. 15. 363 17 Of the latter or second effect of Christ his crosses which is the power of Christs Resurrection , how and by what meanes men are made new creatures , on Galat. 6. ver . 15. 370 THE FOVRTH PART : Wherein are contained certaine Meditations on diuers portions and parts of Scripture . 1 MEditations on the. 119. Psal. 381 2 Meditations on Pro. 4. vers . 13. to 23. 609 3 Meditations on Prou. 14. ver . 5. 6. 7. 8. 622 4 The summe of the Epistle to the Hebrewes . 627 5 A briefe summe of Ecclesiastes . 628 THE FIFT PART : Wherein are contained godly instructions for the due examination and direction of all men , to the attayning and retayning of faith and a good conscience : reduced into diuers Chapters and common places , as followeth . Chap. 1. OF Christian Admonition . 629 Chap. 2. Of the Forme and Rules of Christian Admonition . 631 Chap. 3. Of Adultery and youthfull affections . 635 Chap. 4. Of Affection . 638 Chap. 5. Of Affliction . ibid. Chap. 6. Of Anger . 641 Chap. 7. Of Angels . ead . Chap. 8. Of Baptisme . 642 Chap. 9. Of Couetousnesse and the desire of Riches . 643 Chap. 10. Of Care , couetousnesse , and Contentation . 644 Chap. 11 Of our generall and speciall calling . 645 Chap. 12. Of conference and godly wisedome in the gouernment of the tongue . 647 Chap. 13. Of the Church . ead . Chap. 14. Of the confession of sinne . 649 Chap. 15. Of Conscience . 650 Chap. 16. Of censure and correstion . 651 Chap. 17 Of ceremonies , things indifferent , and of turning Christian libertie into vnchristian licentiousnesse . 652 Chap. 18. Godly Meditations concerning Christs power against Sathan , loue to the faithfull , and how hee is our wisedome , righteousnesse , holinesse , and of our communion with him . 654 Chap. 19 Of Death and Iudgement . 656 Chap. 20. Of the shortnesse of our life , and the Meditation of Death how profitable . 659 Chap. 21. Of dulnesse of spirit and of feeling . 662 Chap. 22. Of Catechizing and instruction of youth . 662 Chap. 23. Of Examples , and how wee must not sinne vpon Example . 666 Chap. 24. Of Examination of our selues , and of all things by their issues : and how to gouerne the eyes . 671 Chap. 25. Of the Exercises of Religion , Fasting , &c. and of the carefull vse of the meanes at all times . 673 Chap. 26. Of the Gouernment of the Eyes . 675 Chap. 27. Of Faith , Iustification by faith , of Iustice , and iust men , and of Feeling . 678 Chap. 28. Of Feare . 682 Chap. 29. Of Friendship , Familiaritie , Familie , and Fathers . 684 Chap. 30. How to profit and examine our selues , when friends forsake vs. 685 Chap. 31. Of Godlinesse , and by what meanes we must draw neere to God. 689 Chap. 32. Of Gods free Grace , Iustice , and Mercie , and how wee may try our loue to God. 692 Chap. 33. Of Gods wrath , Iustice , and Mercie . 695 Chap. 34. Teaching vs why we are specially to keepe watch and ward ouer our harts . 700 Chap. 35. Where is taught how wee must narrowly watch ouer our hearts , and ouer our affections for many causes . 703 Chap. 36. Of hearing Gods word . 707 Chap. 37. Of Humilitie and pride . 711 Chap. 38. Of hypocrisie and hardnesse of hart . 715 Chap. 39. Of Heresie and many corrupt kindes of knowledge , and how the Diuell pestereth the Churches with euill teachers . 720 Chap. 40. Of the Iudgements of God , and how iust he is in iudgement , and how his promises and threatnings to Israel appertaine to vs. 722 Chap. 41. Of Ioy and Sorrow . 724 Chap. 42. Of iniuries , offences and controuersies . 727 Chap. 43. Of Iudgement and Folly. 731 Chap. 44. Of Knowledge and Ignorance , and how to seeke God , and of Sathans Sophistris , &c. 733 Chap 45. Of Miracles , and how God worketh without , and with meanes , and how we ought to attend on the meanes . 736 Chap. 46. Of Magistracie or gouernment . 739 Chap. 47. Of Matrimonie , and of the Duties which belong to that state . 742 Chap. 48. Of the Ministerie . 743 Chap. 49. Of the Ministerie . 747 Chap. 50. Of Gods promises , excellencie , and truth of Gods word , and how the wicked abuse Scriptures . 753 Chap. 51. Of Murmuring . 758 Chap. 52. Of patience vnder the Crosse. 761 Chap. 53. Of predestination , perseuerance , and presumption . 764 Chap. 54. Of Prosperity and Aduersity , and of griefe , and of the Temptations incident to it . 766 Chap. 55. Of Prosperity and Aduersity . 769 Chap. 56. Of Prophecie and Preaching . 770 Chap. 57. Of Gods Prouidence . 773 Chap. 58. Of Prayer and Meditation . 775 Chap. 59. Of Repentance . 779 Chap. 60. Of Riches and their abuse . 783 Chap. 61. Of Sacraments . 786 Chap. 62. Of sinne , and how to abstaine from the least , and of iniquitie , and the punishments thereof . 788 Chap. 63. Of Phisicke and Diet. 794 Chap. 64. Of Sathans practises , & of Schisme and security . 796 Chap. 65. Of Parents , Education of Children , Gouernours of youth , and care of Posterity . 798 Chap. 66. Of Gods worship , and of Religion true and false . 801 Chap. 67. Of Regeneration and Sanctification . 803 Chap. 68. Of the Sabbath . 809 Chap. 69. Of Thanks giuing , and the right vse of the Creatures . 812 Chap. 70. Of Temptation . 813 Chap. 71. Of Truth and errors , sincerity and contempt of the word . 817 Chap. 72. Of Witchcraft and vnbeliefe . 821 Chap. 73. Of the word of God : and of the confirmation thereof by signes and wonders . 822 Chap. 74. Of good workes , and our obedience to Gods word . 826 Chap. 75. Of Zeale . 829 Next vnto these follow other diuine arguments , and common places in Religion , contained in 22. Chapters . Chap. 1. OF Conscience . 832 Chap. 2. Of Order how necessary in all things . 833 Chap. 3. Of hearing Gods word . 834 Chap. 4. Who be Swine , and who be Dogges . 837 Chap. 5. Of vnmercifulnesse . ead . Chap. 6. Of Workes . 838 Chap. 7. Of Policie . ead . Chap. 8. Of speciall notes of a man truly righteous and religious . 839 Chap. 9. Of the Sabbath . 839 Chap. 10. Of Discipline and Excommunication . 842 Chap. 11. Of Meanes . 844 Chap. 12. Of diuers names applyed to the Diuell in Scripture . 845 Chap. 13. Of the contempt of the Ministerie . 846 Chap. 14. Of shame and shamefastnesse . 847 Chap. 15. Of Iustification . 848 Chap. 16. Of Parables and Similitud●s ead . Chap. 17. Of Gods Prouidence . 850 Chap. 18. Of Seeking God. 851 Chap. 19. Of Sinne. ead . Chap. 20. Of profit and pleasure . 852 Chap. 21. Of Christs power . 852 Chap. 22. Of Temptation . 853 A Short Direction for the comfort of afflicted consciences . 854 Rules for an afflicted minde , concerning seuerall Temptations . 855 Rules concerning the power and priuiledges of Gods word . 857 A short direction for one troubled in minde . 871 Lastly , diuers Letters , and a very zealous Prayer of M. Greenhams . 881 EPIGRAMMA IN OPERA Pijssimi , & doctiss . Theologi . M. Ric. Greenham , labore ac studio . M. Hollandi , diuini verbi apud Londinates Ministri fideliss . edita , post obitum Authoris , per F. Hering . D. Med. MEntibus afflictis , grauis haec afflictio cessit , Greenamum è medio tolli , qui saepè solebat Eregius mentis Medicus , solatia mira Dexteritate sacris virtus depromere chartis . Sicque pias animas vitiorum mole grauatas , Implicitas Satanae laqueis , misereque agitatas Infernis furijs , exemit faucibus Orci . Antidotos quippè hic varias , ac pharmaca norat . Coelica , & antiqui technasque dolosque colubri : Hinc tristes moerent mentes geminant que querelas , Quod mala permaneant Medico pereunte : sed ecce Hollandus pius , & 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 respicit illas , Greenamumque loqui rursus post funera fecit : Alloquio & duros solito mule●re labores . Gaudete attonitae mentes lamentaque crebris Suspirijs , alijsque remissa relinquite , vester Grenamus praestò est vobis , pretiosaque secum Balsama in Elysijs portat nascentia campis . Floruit in terris olim Greenamus , in alto Nunc floret coelo , terraque virescere rursus Incipit Hollandi studio , curaque sagaci . Scilicet haec verae merces pietatis , vt ipsam Conculcet mortem , satanam , ruptisque Gehenna Aeteroum vireat vinclis , post fata superstet . IN OBITVM ET OPVS . Richardi Greenhami . NOn erat hic celebri Greenhamus stemmate natus , Ast pictate sua nobilitatus erat . Huius ego laudes si forsan fingere credar , Vita fiet testis , testis & istud opus . Vita fiet testis , cuius radiante nitore , Vtilitas populo , gloria nacta Deo. Testis & istud opus mira pietate refertum , Quod digito monstrat Religionis iter . A. R. ON THE DEATH AND WORKS OF MASTER GREENHAM . SOme skilfull Caruer helpe me to endorse The blessed stone that hideth Greenhams corse , Make me a tree whose branches withered beene , And yet the leaues and fruit are euer greene . The more the stocke dyes let them flourish more , And grow more kindly greene than ●arst before . Set Time and ●nuie gazing at the ro●e , Cursing their ●ootlesse hand , and sliding foote . Let all the Graces sit them in the shade , And pull those leaues whose beautie cannot fade . Greenham , if this cannot thy worth descriue , That thou once dead , thy works are still aliue , Would I might say thy selfe could neuer die , But emulate thy workes eternitie . VPON HIS SABBATH . WHile Greenham writeth of the Sabbaths rest , His soule inioyes not which his pen exprest : His worke inioyes not what it selfe doth say , For it shall neuer finde one resting day . A thousand hands shall tosse each page and line , Which shall be scanned by a thousand eyne . That Sabbaths rest , or this Sabbaths vnrest . Hard is to say whether is the happiest . I. Hall. ANOTHER IN ENGLISH IN COMMENDATION of Maister Greenham , and his godly and learned workes , set forth by Maister Holland , Preacher of Gods word . GReene yet I am ( may Greenham say ) and greene shall flourish still : Though World , Sicknes , Death , and the Graue , on me haue wrought their will , The Apostate world , me wore with griefe , and troubles manifold , Whilst that I sought with all my strength , her pillers to vphold . Then Sicknes came Deaths Sergeant grim , my ●arkesse craz'd t' arrest , And Death at sheeles with gaping graue receiu'd me for their guest . But great Emmanuel mark'd , and smilde to see them take this toyle To roote , and race out Greenham quite : and gaue them all the foyle . My soule he plants in Paradise , there greene to flourish aye , And charg'd the graue my body safe , to keepe till the last day . And least Death should suppose on earth , h 'had blotted out my name : He stirs vp Hollands louing minde , for to renue the same . So that as oyntments precious , my workes on earth doe smell , Refreshing poore distressed soules , whom Sathan seekes to quell . Loe here the fruit of godly zeale , and zealous pietie , In Greenham who triumphs against all Sathans tyrannie . In spite of world , Sicknes , Death , Graue , and all the powers of Hell , With godly Men , aliue and dead , it alwaies shall goe well . F. Hering . TO THE RIGHT VVORSHIPFVLL SIR MARMADVKE DARRELL , AND SIR THOMAS BLOOTHER KNIGHTS , SVRVEYERS GENERALL FOR THE VICTVALING OF HIS MAIESTIES NAVIE : Stephen Egerton wisheth increase of all true comfort in this life , and euerlasting felicitie in the life to come through our Lord Iesus Christ. PVblius Virgilius ( Prince of Latine Poets ) being demaunded why he read the writings of old Ennius , made this answere , Aurum colligo ex Ennij stercore : that is , I gather golde out of Ennius his dunghill ; meaning thereby , that though Ennius his Poems were not so exquisitely penned as they might haue been , by Virgil himselfe ; yet much good matter might be picked out of them . Surely ( right VVorshipfull ) if one heathen man could gather gold out of the writings of another , how much more may we ( being Christians ) gather not gold only , but pearles and pretious stones out of the religious and holy labours of Master Richard Greenham ( though not all polished by his owne penne ) being a most godly brother , yea more than a brother , euen a most painefull Pastor , zealous Preacher , and reuerend Father in the Church of God , of whom I am perswaded that for practicall diuinity ( which ought worthily to haue the preheminence ) he was inferiour to few or none in his time . VVherefore the same prouidence of God , which moued that faithful Minister , Master Henry Holland , to collect and publish so many of his worthie labours for the good of the Church , doth call and allure others to the reading of them ; and namely you right VVorshipfull , who haue shewed singular kindnes ( as Naomi saith of Boaz ) both to the liuing , and to the dead : that is , both to good Master Holland while he liued , and to his desolate widow and fatherles children since his death . In respect whereof , shee desired by my hand to testifie hir thankfulnes to both your VVorships , as it were by these two mites of this dedicatory Epistle ; which office of loue to my deare brother deceased , and to his widow and children liuing , I doe the more willingly tender to your VVorships , because I am partly priuie to your kindnes and bountie , both towards them & towards others . The Lord giue mercie ( saith Paul ) to the house of Onesiphorus , for he often refreshed me , &c. The same might faithful Holland say , and the same may his widow and children say , The Lord giue mercie to your houses and posteritie , for you haue often refreshed them ; which being done ( as I doubt not ) in faith , and from loue , out of a pure heart , shall be put to your reckning , and brought in as a cleare euidence , for a comfortable sentence to passe on your side in the day of the Lord Iesus Christ : To whose most gratious direction and blessing , I commit you both , with the vertuous and Christian Ladies your wiues , and whole families . From my house in the Black Friers , this third day of Aprill . 1605. Your VVorships readie to be commanded in the Lord : STEPH . EGERTON . GRAVE COVNSELS , AND GODLY OBSERVATIONS : SERVING GENERALLY TO DIRECT ALL MEN IN THE WAIES OF TRVE GODLINES ; BVT PRINCIPALly applyed to instruct , and comfort all afflicted consciences . Affections . HE vsed this triall of his affections ; as of anger , griefe , ioy , or such like , in this manner : If by them he was made lesse fit to pray ; more vnable to do the good he should , lesse carefull to auoid sin ; then he thought his affection carnall and euill , and not of God : but when his anger , loue , grief , and other affectiōs prouoked him more to pray , and made him fitter to do good , then he thought his affections to be sent from God , as a blessing vnto him . 2 God sheweth vs often in our affections , what we may doe in our outward actions . 3 Some labour more for knowledge , lesse for affection : some more for affection , lesse for knowledge : some busie themselues in Church-discipline , and are slender sighted in their priuie corruptions : some be diligent to espie things in others abroad , and negligent to trie themselues at home : but it is good to match both together . 4 Rare good things are pleasant , but by vse they are lesse esteemed : and rare euill things are fearefull , but by vse they become lesse grieuous . This comes to passe , because we rather bring with vs naturall affections , of ioy , and sorrow , and feare , than spirituall meditations , which are onely of the true ioy and sorrow . 5 We must euer learne to suspect our owne opinion and affection , when the case any thing concerneth vs. 6 He said , that when for some causes naturall affection deceiued him : yet the ordinance of God caused him to doe duties . 7 He thought it not good at table to be extraordinarie either in ioy or sorrow , vnlesse it were for some special cause : but rather it were conuenient , priuately to a godly friend or before the Lord to powre out our hearts , and after the example of Ioseph to make our affections knowne as little in companie as may be . Afflictions . 1 HE thought all afflictions , to be puttings of him to God from slothfulnes . 2 It is a most certaine thing in Gods children , that the more their afflictions grow , the more their faith groweth : the more Sathan striueth to draw them from God , the more they draw neer to God : although indeed in feeling they cānot see somuch . 3 Many can speak faire things in the eares of God , so long as they be in affliction : but afterwards they will speake euill things in the eares of heauen and earth . 4 He said to one complaining of sudden gripes and nips in the bodie , Of sudden ●eares in the minde , that we should make our vse of them : and though it were hard to search the particular cause of them , it was both easie and sure to attribute it to our failing in religion , in not doing some good which God required at our hands : or if we did it , because we were too ceremoniall , and rested in the thing wrought . If we haue failed in not doing , it may be the Lord calleth vs to some thing to be done . Againe , by these sudden feares and griefes , the Lord will sometime prepare a way to come vnto vs , not much vnlike to a Prince , who before his comming hath a peale of gunnes as a warning peece , and then we are to meete the Lord with prayer : for now is the time , now is the fit oportunitie of praying , because the Lord will shortly passe by vs , and therefore we must stirre vp our selues . And hauing prayed ▪ it is good to make an holy pursuite after him , as laying a godly claime to the promises of God , not in particular , but in generall : for who knoweth , but the Lord , what is good in particular for our saluation . Here he shewed by his owne example , to commend the vse of prayer , how he being once feared with deceiuable and grieuous visions , called to minde ( being alone in the darke night ) the vnbeliefe of the Disciples on the Seas , where our Sauiour Christ was asleepe : then he asked his owne soule whether he had prayed or no ; or whether in prayer , he made not some haste out of it , as being desirous to be rid of it . Then cōsidering that he gaue himselfe to God , who was the Lord of the night as well as of the day ; of darknes , as well as of the light , he prayed againe , & to the praise of God he spake it , he slept more quietly than before , after he did so striue in faithfull prayer . 5 In afflictions we must search the cause : first by ascending to God , then by descending into our selues . First , we must ascend to God , pleading guiltie , crauing mercie , and not stand quarrelling with the malice of men , or hatred of the diuell against vs : for as it were no good wisedome for a man , condemned to die , to make any long suite to the Iaylor , or to the executioner , ( for they be but vnder officers , & can do nothing ) but he must labour to the Iudge , who can either reprieue or release him : so it is no good policy to stand about Sathan in our temptations , who doth all by constraint & restraint vnder the Lord : but we must goe to the principall , that is God , in whose hands are both the entrance , the continuance , and the issues of our sufferings . Secondly , we must search our selues , how farre either reason is vnreformed , or affections vnrenewed : knowing that the diuell himselfe can neuer hurt vs , vntill we haue hurt our selues . And looke in what measure our reason is corrupt , or our affections disordered , in that measure are we weake , and easier to be ouerthrowne of men , or of Sathan : and in what measure our reason is sound , and our affections sincere , in that measure we remaine inuincible . Before , and in all we must pray that the spirit may be giuen vs , that we neither adde nor detract , that we goe not too farre , nor come too short . 6 If God bestow good gifts on a man , it were good to feele some crosse to seale and season them in vs. If God giue vs foode and raiment , it were good to be exercised with some crosse . 7 He that will haue comfort in his triall and trauels , must haue a good conscience , a sound cause , and must be sure that he hath vsed and doth vse sound , discreete , and louing meanes . 8 We must not like fooles stumble at the crosse , but profit by the grace offered to vs in it , by repenting our former state past , and by giuing thankes for our state present , and fearing our state to come . 9 It is a great corruption in men , to be more grieued when the crosse priuatly toucheth themselues , than when publikely it concerneth the whole Church and common-wealth . 10 Being in great paines and crosses which he suffered , hee said , Blessed be God that I suffer no more : for the Lord that in mercie laieth this affliction vpon me , might iustly punish me in my soule and bodie , and cast me into hell , and as soone haue taken away the life of my soule and bodie , as this thing . 11 To one complaining that his afflictions were extraordinarie , he answered : It is not so , for your afflictions are farre inferiour to your sinnes : and therefore howsoeuer it seemeth to you to be an extraordinarie affliction , yet with God it is but ordinarie , or lesse than ordinarie . Besides , this is a dangerous temptation : for it will bring you to this conceit , that you shall reason thus in your selfe , that an extraordinarie crosse must haue an extraordinarie comfort , and therefore you must looke for some wonderfull and strange consolation , whereby Sathan will moue you to contemne , or at least not so to regard ordinarie consolations , which haue helped others , and may helpe you , & by this meanes breed in you such vnthankfulnes , that before you are aware , an extraordinarie affliction shall be sent indeed . 12 He that will suffer great things in persecution , must suffer small things in peace , and they that will suffer of Papists , must suffer of Protestants . Anger . 1 THis is a good triall , whether our anger be spirituall or carnall ; if our anger hinders not some other holy action , but stirres vs vp to good workes ; if it hinder vs not to pray with libertie of minde ; if it interrupt not our meditations ; if we doe not omit the doing of any dutie to the partie offending vs ; if we can deale with others without peeuishnes , then our anger is spirituall , and will comfort our consciences . 2 He was euer most grieued and angrie , yet in loue with them whom he tendred most in the Lord , and who had giuen him most credit , by submitting themselues wholie to his ministerie . Angels . 1 TO one , asking how the Angels of God watch ouer vs , he answered : we are rather to pray for the experience of their ministerie vnto vs , than either to describe it , or prescribe it . This is sure , if we be Gods children and walke in his waies ; the Angels of God do watch ouer vs , and yet all see it not , and when they see it , it is by the effect of their ministerie : for though their ministerie be certaine , yet the manifestation of it is extraordinarie . Atheisme . 1 A Certaine man being a Papist , though not so grounded as he desired to be , tooke a view of the life of Papists , if it were as glorious in truth as they pretended ; which when he found not , he turned himselfe to the Protestants , and looking into their conuersation , he found himselfe not contented , vntill in the end he met with Familists , in whom he so staied himselfe , that he grew into familiaritie with their doctrine . The first principle that they taught him , was , that there was no God : This boyled much in him , so that he began to adde conclusions to this precept on this sort : If there be a God , he is not so iust and mercifull ▪ as they say : if there be no God , there is neither heauen , nor hell ; or if there be any , the ioyes are not so eternall , nor the paines so continuall , as some haue taught : Why then doe I sell my certaine pleasures in this world , for vncertaine pleasures in the world to come ? This diuellish illusion so farre preuailed , that he stole an horse , for which he was apprehended , imprisoned , arraigned , & condemned : but , by the prouidence of God , he conferring with a godly Minister , confessed himselfe an Atheist : whereupon suite was made and granted for his reprieuing vntill the next Assise , in hope of his conuersion , in which time , he would willingly graunt all generall truths taught him , with liking of his teachers , but could not by any thing be brought from his Atheisme . The Assise following drew neere , he is to be executed , the place is assigned , the person needs must be executed , who when he should be turned from the ladder , cried thus , For Christs sake stay my life : whereupon he spake these or the like words : Well , let the world say what they will ; doubtlesse , there is a God , and the same God is iust for euer to his enemies , and euerlastingly keepeth his mercies with his children ; now turne me ouer : and so he made an end of his speech , and of his daies . 2 He feared rather Atheisme than Papisme in the Realme : for many hauing escaped out of the gulfe of superstition , are now too farre plunged and swallowed vp of prophanenesse , thinking either that there is no God , or else that he is not so fearefull and mercifull , as his threatnings and promises commend him to be . Calling . 1 A Certaine man afflicted in minde , began , through the temptation of Sathan , to mislike his calling , and chaunged it , afterward he thought this calling & that calling to be vnlawfull , and so was almost brought to mislike all . He felt on a time a great paine in his legge , and being desirous to goe from his bed to his table for a booke , he could not , his legge remaining sore : Then remembring that it was said in the Scripture , If thy foote offend thee , cut it off ; he straight way laying his le●ge on a blocke , and taking a hatchet in his hand , stroake off his legge , not feeling paine , the veynes being so torne , he could not but bleed to death , how be it he dyed very penitently : so dangerous a policie , & so perilous a temptation is it , to leaue our callings as things vnlawfull . 2 A godly Gentlewoman said , that euen in her ordinarie labour , she tasted oft of as heauenly meditations , as if all things ordinarie laid aside she had giuen her whole minde to attend vpon the spirit of God , in quietnes of studie . She also said , that we are like children , who need not once to be bid to aske things necessarie , but twice to be thankfull for mercies receiued . 3 As in mariage , though the parties met in the flesh without any sanctified meanes , to assure themselues to be ioyned of the Lord : yet if God afterward giue them grace to liue holily in their meeting , he sheweth that not onely their corrupt meeting is pardoned , but that now their meeting is blessed : so if entring into a calling for want of gifts and affections , we haue no assurance at the first , of a warrantable calling : yet if God afterwards furnish vs with able gifts , and sanctifie vs with pure minds , he doth not onely shew vs that our former sinne is pardoned , but also that he is well pleased with our calling whereunto he hath so blessed vs. 4 No trouble should hinder vs in our calling , vnlesse it be in a case of meere vngodlines : for if for euery trouble , or for many troubles , a man may forsake his calling , he should be out of all , for euery calling hath both lets and troubles . 5 To one that asked his aduice , whether he might auoid the doing of a thing wherevnto he was called , because he felt corruption in himselfe , he said : In auoiding societie you should couer , but not cure your infirmities , and though you depart from men , yet you cannot goe out of your selfe . 6 Vnto one that was willing to change his feate for the corruption of the place where he dwelt , he said : Wheresoeuer he purposed to liue as a Christian , the crosse would follow him , because that Christ would follow him , and because on the earth are some good men , and some euill : but when we come to heauen , all would be good , and therefore there shall be no trouble . 7 He said he neuer looked for a better estate than that wherein he was , but often prepared himselfe for a worse . 8 Whensoeuer we are out of our place and calling , Sathan hath a fit occasion of temptation . Care. 1 VVHere there is an immoderate care of outward things , there commonly is little care of inward good things : for if one haue inward good things , they so content the persons that haue them , that they labour not much for outward things : if they want them and desire them , the carefull seeking of them bringeth a godly neglect of outward things , 1. Cor. 7. 30. 31. Censures . 1 IT is a marueilous thing that many will make more of a small infirmitie in another , although that they see , that the whole course of their life is truely to please God ; than they make of grosse sinnes in themselues , notwithstanding they take no course at all in their life to please God. Conference . 1 BEing desirous to speake to the profit of others , he said , that he obserued such a silence in men , as none could well breake into it , & often such a libertie of speech , as none can take hold of , to turne it to good ; he obserued the cause of such silence , to be some great griefe , or some deepe meditation occupying the mind , or some deadnes of spirit , or some worldly shame , or some desire to speake , and the Lord staying the speech , or the carelesnes in them that should heare it , in that they doe not desire it : The remedie against this is either in humilitie to aske some question , or to speake somewhat , and not to giue place to such deadnes . 2 In the most abrupt and disordered speeches of men , he thought God disposed them for his profit , & though presently reason could prompt no reason , why they should speak so , yet long after it would . He was much affected with the fact of Iosias , who would not be moued with the * speech of wicked Pharaoh , but entring battell was slaine : whereupon he would say , that no man was so good , but the Lord would sometime let him fall into some euill , for his further humbling ; and no man so euill , but the Lord did conuey goodnes into him at sometimes , to make his condemnation the greater . Conscience afflicted . 1 A Certaine man some yeares afflicted in conscience , said , his continuall agonies were as great as the paines of a man readie to die , and that he felt so small comfort in Gods countenance , that he would willingly haue suffered his body to haue liued in burning fire vntill the appearing of Christ , so he might then be assured of Gods fauour towards him , yea his greatest comfort was this , that though he should be in hell , yet he hoped therin of Gods fauour to haue his torments mitigated with them that suffer least . In all which troubles notwithstanding no world of reward , no terror of tyrannie , could cause him willingly to doe the least thing displeasing to God : whom when the Lord released , he would comfort himselfe in Christ , saying , that the diuell would take the aduantage of his sorrow , to make him vnthankefull in good things . 2 We are either as a Prince or as a peasant , either most mightie aboue all Princes , or most vile among the sonnes of men . If all the Monarches in the world withstood vs , our owne consciences comforting vs , we ruled aboue all . If the vilest vassall in the world rise against vs , our owne heart condemning vs , we seeme to be most miserable of all . 3 He said , howsoeuer men might deale with outward matters , yet when griefes and fancies grew in the minde and grieued it , nothing could surely cure them , but onely the word of God. 4 Hauing to deale with diuers humbled consciences , he would mislike them that would not abide to tarry the Lords leisure , but they must needs be helped at once , euen by and by , as soone as they heard him speake , or else they would then thinke farre worse of him than euer before , notwithstanding the good report had , and the good opinion conceiued of him : for besides that , hee that beleeueth maketh not hast , this is a comming rather as it were to a Magitian ( who , by an incantation of words , makes sillie soules looke for health ) than to the minister of God , whose words being most Angelicall comfort not vntill , and so much as it pleaseth the Lord to giue a blessing vnto them , which sometime he doth denie , because we come to them with too great an opinion of them ; as though they were wise men , not vnto such as vsing their meanes , yet doe looke and stay for our comfort wholy from God himselfe . 5 Being asked how in the examining of our consciences for sinne , we should find out the speciall sinne , he said , that could not easily be done ( for who doth vnderstand the errors of his life ) but by oft examining of our selues , by acquainting of our selues with our owne estate , by earnest prayer that God would reueale vs the sinne , by oft hearing and reading the word , by marking the most checkes of our consciences , and reproches of our enemies , we might be led to the neerest sight of them . 6 Vnto one afflicted in minde he gaue this comfort : first , if you haue knowledge , be thankfull for it , and desire the Lord to giue you faith : if you haue faith , which vndoubtedly you may haue , though not rightly discerning your selfe , you presently perceiue it not : you must waite on the Lord for feeling of it : for many times he exerciseth faith with temptations , before he sends feeling . And though it may be you shall ●arrie the Lords leisure long , yet surely he will giue it you in time . In the meane time assure your selfe , that the greatest faith is when there is least feeling . It is easie for euery one in glorious feelings , and ioyes vnspeakable to beleeue : but when a man feeling no sensible comfort in the Lord , can notwithstanding beleeue in the Lord , and by faith waite on him ; this mans faith is most great . 7 After some effectuall working of Gods spirit in vs , most commonly ( in many ) not long after comes deadnes and dulnes : against this euill we must first search the cause , whether it be for some euill thing done , or for some good thing not done , for leauing some meane of saluation vnused : whether for some sinne seene , but nor repented of , or some sin repented of , but not soundly , or for vnthankfulnes . Secondly , vse the remedie , please not your selfe in it , but rouse vp your selfe as from a slumber , which willingly you would shake off from you : call to minde the speciall and greatest mercy of God , vse the meanes . Thirdly , in the meanes offer thy selfe vnto God , wayting humbly , and patiently for the time of deliuerance , neither esteeming too much nor too little of the affliction . 8 When one was troubled in minde , he gaue him this comfortable note : That although it came to passe , that after some trauaile in the new birth , Gods graces were not so sweete , and our sinnes not so sower and grieuous vnto vs , as they were at our first entrance into regeneration , but we are now weaker in lesse assaults , hauing afore beene stronger in greater temptations : we are not to despayre : but to consider from whence this gracious progresse did come , namely of God , and not of our selues , who shewed himselfe more fauourable in the beginning , both because he would not discourage vs newly comming vnto him , and for that we forsaking our selues , with a godly suspecting of our weaknes in the least temptations , did flie vnto Gods helpe by prayer : who in wisedome can hide himselfe vnder a clowde , partly for that he will looke to see some triall of strength at our hands , comming to some age in new birth ; partly for that now we lesse forsake or suspect our selues , no not in greater temptations , and so presumptuously trusting to our strength , and staying our selues with our owne staffe , we doe not call to God for helpe ; and not calling , doe not obtaine ; and not obtaining helpe , we take the foyle in the conflict , that the Lord may make knowne vnto vs , that notwithstanding our proceeding in Christianitie , we are still but men , and God alone is God. 9 He said to one troubled in minde for a secret and small sinne , I doe not so much feare this sinne in you , as the policie of Sathan by it , either in that he will not sticke to shew you the lesse sinnes , & hide from you the greater ; or else by the quicke sight of your secret and small sinnes , to cast vpon you an open and grosse sinne of vaine glorie and priuie pride . 10 Afflicted consciences must not dispute too much against themselues , for their own actions , for that being displeased with their owne persons , they cannot be pleased with their owne doings . 11 He tolde in loue , this obseruation and experience ; when any came with a troubled conscience for sinne , wisely to discerne , whether they be meanely grieued with a generall sight of their sinne , or whether they be extreamely throwne downe , with the burthen of particular sinnes ; if so they be , then it is good at the first to shew that no sinne is so great , but in Christ it is pardonable , and that there is mercy with God that he might be feared : so on the other side shewiug the mercy to come from God , but so as they are nothing fit to receiue mercie , vnlesse they feele their particular and pricking sinnes . But if their sorrow be more confessed in generall things , then it is good to humble them more and more , to giue them a terror of Gods iustice for particular sinnes : for experience doth teach , that this is the best way to obtaine sound comfort , both to see our sinne , and to be humbled to see our sinne , because often , men will more readily acknowledge greater sinne they haue beene in , than that lesse sinne they presently lie in to be humbled , that being throughly throwne downe , we may directly seeke Christ , and keepe no stay , vntill we haue found comfort in him , who then is most readie to free vs from our sinne , and to comfort vs with his spirit , when we are most cast downe with our sinnes , and most feare them . 12 If the health of body be such a thing , as is rather with comfort enioyed , than in words to be expressed , how great is the peace of conscience and ioy in the holy Ghost , which may be tasted , but cannot be vttered . 13 There are some which haue peace neither with God , nor with themselues , as desperate heretikes : some haue peace with themselues , but not with God , as secure sinners : some haue peace with God and with themselues , as repentant Christians . 14 We must learne to pitie them that are cast downe in griefe of spirit , though they be also pettish ; for it is an easie matter when one seemeth much to be quiet with God , to be in peace with men , who often hinder our quietnes with God. Againe , we little know how great their desire is to feele peace , which when they cannot feele , presently they are made impatient : and yet see this was in Dauid the man of God , who found in himselfe , this diuersitie of affections , which we so much wonder at , and speake of in the children of God in our daies : he diuides himself as it were into two parts , Psal 43. 5. he thought himself sometime very strong in God , againe at another time so cast downe , that he would on no side lay hold on any comfort in the world : yet more then that , he was tumultuous and fretting within himselfe . And therefore learne this , thou that art vnmercifull , to stay thy impatiencie , behold this thou that art afflicted , to stay thy griefe , and say not , oh , Dauid indeed was humbled , but I finde another qualitie in my self ; besides , I am pettish , I am vncomfortable and vnquiet with them , with whom I liue ; for Dauid was both impatient and pettish . Here also learne of Dauid for thy minde to waite on God , for faith deliuereth both from griefe and anger , and causeth comfortable waiting , and not to make too much haste , but to possesse our soules in patience , vntill God performe his promises vnto vs. 15 It is an vsuall temptation to afflicted consciences , to perswade them , after some free deliuerance , that they are not to looke to be deliuered again , because as the Lord hath beene very liberall , so we must not wearie and make tedious his bountifull dealings with vs : but we must know that the gifts of God are without repentance , and the Lord hath manifold deliuerances in store , which is as impossible by vse and often receiuing to waste , as it is the Lord himselfe should be deceiued : he will surely make an end of his owne worke in vs , and that for his owne glorie , which as he hath appoynted to be endlesse in our deliuerance , so the meanes thereunto are also endlesse : and therefore yet and againe , we are to learne against our vnbeleefe the vnmeasurable treasure of Gods goodnesse in our saluation , yea , when wee seeme as it were to be in a whirlepit , and to be carried with a violent griefe and gulfe of troubles , wee know not whither , and are constrained oft to diue and plunge downe ( the waters of affliction running ouer our head ) yet the Lord will recouer vs , and set our feete in steady places if we be cast downe , so we can but scraule vp againe : if we be resisted of Sathan , so we can but kicke against him , if we can but open our lips and accuse his malice before the Lord , there is sound hope of comfort to be found of him . Couering of infirmities . 1 GOds children couer many infirmities in others vnder one good gift : the vngodly burie many good gifts in others vnder one infirmitie . Confession of sinnes . 1 HE said vnto one troubled in minde , that we should not much be troubled in light things , but that rather in griefes we should make knowne our hearts vnto God , than deuoure them priuately : for if in carnall sorrowes we find some ease when we make things knowne to our faithfull and louing friends , as to our parents , or to our brethren , much more are we to thinke it an ease to our spirituall griefes , if wee powre foorth our griefes into the bosome of the Lord , who is most faithfull to conceale , most louing to take pitie , and most able to helpe vs in all our griefes whatsoeuer . 2 He obserueth that men would make knowne many sinnes and infirmities , and yet retaine one which is the most secret , and oftentimes the most chiefe ; as Moses had many reasons of his tergiuersation , and yet there was one secret reason , and that the greatest , which he would not vtter . Where obserue the great mercy of the Lord , that though hee might haue been displeased , especially after so great promises , for his refusall , vet he rather pardoneth this one infirmitie of feare , that forgetting his manifold good things , would presse him with this one want : and therefore after many reasons , the Lord vouch●aseth to handle very gently his priuie sore , and to salue it on this manner . Nay Moses , there is one thing that thou fearest most , and that is thine euill entertainement with Pharaoh , and the reuenging of his blood whom thou sheddest : but let not this stay thee , for they are all dead . This answere seemed to take away the greatest argument of t●rgiuersation , though it was least knowne : for presently vpon this comfort he takes his calling in hand , wherein also is to be noted , that how fearefull soeuer man is in respect of himselfe , yet when God enableth , and incourageth him , wee see he shall be inuincible , as Moses against Pharaoh himselfe . Concupiscence . 1 ONe asking his aduice how he might best auoide concupiscence , he said to him , that a continuall examination of our selues by the law ; a reuerent and daily meditation of the word ; a painful walking in our honest calling ; a holy shaming of our selues , and fearing of our selues before our friends ; a continuall temperance in diet , sleepe , and apparell : a carefull watching ouer our eyes , and other parts of our bodies ; a zealous iealousie to auoide all occasions of person , time & place , which might nourish concupiscence ; a godly frequenting of persons , times , & places , which may breed in vs true mortification ; together with an humbling of our selues , with the shame of our sinnes past , with the griefe of sinnes present , and with feare of sinnes to come : lastly , a carefull vsing of fasting , prayer , and watching , when neede required ( for he still recommended a religious fasting : ) these are the meanes to mortifie concupiscence , which being wisely , and in some conuenient time vsed with moderate exercise of the body : if they do not preuaile , it is like that God doth call a man to the holy vse of mariage : howbeit , it is to be obserued , that in watching and fasting we are not to prefixe certaine set times , this day , or that day , but then to vse it when God calleth vs vnto it by fit occasion , without the which care the often vse of these exercises will breede a want of reuerence of them . Cause good . 1 THere is no greater enemie to a good cause , than he that by euill meanes doth both handle and maintaine it . 2 He said that men must profit by this , if hauing had good causes in hand , they haue had ill successe : because herein it pleaseth God often to denie that vnto vs iustly , which men denie vnto vs vniustly , either for that he correcteth some sinne , wherein they liue , or else for that they vsed not prayer , but trusted too much in the meanes , and not in God. Of naturall Corruption . 1 HE obserued this experience in himselfe , that when he would not doe a thing that was good , then his owne reason and the diuell would easily teach him an excuse : Lord forgiue vs this corruption . 2 He thought by nature all men to be Papists , heretickes , adulterers , &c. vntill God renued them , so that if all heresies , Papistrie , impietie , were ceast among all men , yet if a man be left of God , he hath in himselfe sufficient matter and spawne to breede , reuiue , and to renew all kinds of sinne . Despaire . 1 HE obserued this policie in Sathan , that to make men despaire , hee would make them argue thus : I haue no faith in this and that particular . And contrarily , to traine men to presumption , hee would make men argue thus : I haue a generall hope and faith ▪ and therefore I d●●●●● not but my faith is ●ound in euery particular : both which are hurtfull . 2 When we distrust Gods promises , let vs set before vs the example of his mercie done to others , that we may be the more assured to obtaine faith : and when we begin to presume , let vs set before vs the examples of Gods iudgements , that we may pray for humilitie . 3 Many dispaire of helpe , because of their owne vnworthinesse , as though there were ●o hope of Gods mercie vnlesse we bring in our gift , and pawne in our hands to him : but this were to disered it the Lords mercies , and to bring in credit our merits , and rather to binde the Lord vnto vs , than vs vnto him : but if our sinnes be great , our redemption is greater ; though our merits be beggerly , Gods mercie is a rich mercie : if our case were not desperate , and we past hope of recouerie , our redemption should not be so plentifull : but when all seemes to goe one way , when heauen and earth , the Sunne , the Moone , and the Starres goe against vs , then to ransome vs , and to make a perfect restitution , is to draw something out of nothing ; euen as in sicknes , to haue either little danger , o● in great danger , deliuerance by present meanes is nothing : but in extreame perill , when physicke can doe nothing , and nothing maketh for vs but the graue , then to be rescued from the graue , and to recouer our life from the pit , is redemption . Death . 1 AS we must thinke of life as being content to die , so we must thinke of death as being content to liue : And they are as well to be liked of , that measurably feare death , as they who ioy so much at it ; because they that moderately feare death , haue this in them more than the other ( which is also allowable by grace and nature ) that they tremble at Gods iudgements . 2. He said , be neuer durst desire to die , howsoeuer his continuall crosses did affoord him small desire to liue : therefore he feared and forewarned men of these kindes of wishes , because often the Lord heareth a man in iudgement , though in some mercie , and when he wisheth this or that affliction ▪ he laieth it on him , so that after he cannot doe that good to others , which to his owne comfort he might haue done . 3 To one that said she feared death , he said : As I would haue you to thinke of life , as being content to die , so thinke of death as you would also be content to liue : and as for the feare of death , I like as well of them that measurably feare it , as of them who so ioy at it , for I hope and like well of them also . Howbeit I see not this in those , which is in them , and which is a thing both allowed by grace and nature , that is , that they tremble at Gods iudgements . You will say , that notwithstanding you see not why you should not feare death ▪ seeing you finde no comfort in life : to which I answere , that your life hath not been without comforts , howsoeuer things gone are soone forgotten , though your cōforts were not in the full measure hoped for , and it may be that plentifull measure shall be giuen you in death . But what if you should die in this discomfort ? for my part ( as I my selfe looke for no great things in my death ) I would not thinke more hardly of you , neither would I wish any to iudge otherwise of Gods childe in that estate of death : for we shall not be iudged according to that particular instance of death , but according to our generall course of life , not according to our deed in that present , but according to the desire of our hearts euer before ▪ and therefore we are not to mistrust Gods mercie in death , be we neuer so vncomfortable , if so be it hath beene , before , sealed in our vocation and sanctification . Desire . 1 HE said , God looketh to the desires , not to the deeds of his children : and if we purpose to doe good , howsoeuer we finde ignorance , what , where , and when to doe good , God will direct vs in occasion , place and time , and in mercie will pardon our weakenes , though we faile in the circumstances . Dispraise . 1 WHen any told a thing that sounded to the dispraise of a man , he ( as not credulous in such matters ) would make shew to the carnall plainti●e , that he was as one not hearing , and would fence off the matter a long time by causing him to repeate often his matter . Diet. 1 BEcause no particular rule can be set downe how to amend excesse and defect in diet , this were the best rule generally to be obserued , so to feede , as that we may be made thereby more fit either to speake or heare the praises of God with more cheerfulnes and reuerence . Dreames . 1 A Naturall dreame , which commeth of naturall causes , easily slippeth away : but if our dreames dwell longer vpon vs , and leaue some greater impression in vs , they may be thought to proceed either from God , or from the diuell . And by these it is good to profit , if they be fauourable , by thinking such a thing we might haue , if we were not vnprepared for it : if contrarie , by thinking and forecasting , and fearing such an euill , if the Lord be not mercifull ; because God doth often correct some sinne past which we regarded not , or foreshewes some sinne to come which we were not afraide of : and an euill dreame doth shew some euill in the heart , either in some sinne alreadie committed , or in some sinne which may be shortly committed . If the dreame be terrible , it is good to auoid all the occasions of that euill , and to giue our selues to prayer , and not to giue too great credit to dreames , least they weaken faith . The best is to be neither too remisse , nor too wise in them , but to labour to profit by them , because the Lord by leauing such long impressions in vs , doth as it were call vpon our consciences not to passe them ouer without some vse . 2 Being asked how one might auoide the sinne of vncleane dreames in the night , he said , first it were good to auoide all obiects and wandring thoughts in the day , and securitie of praying against it at night . If these meanes did not preuaile , we must then think that God calleth vs to some more earnest repentance for this or some other sinne before committed : specially we are to beware of companie , such as may stirre vs vp vnto euill ; either labouring not to come into their companie , or hauing iust occasion , to doe it with feare and with prayer ▪ and doing this , not to tarrie longer than godly occasion is offered . Distraction of minde . 1 BEing asked , why a man after sundrie and laborious reading in his calling , being desirous by meditation to apply the things read vnto himsel●e , was so much interrupted , and violently , suddenly , and vnwillingly drawne into other conceites : he said , it was either want of preparing and sanctifying our hearts by prayer before we set vpon so holy an exercise , and therefore the Lord correcteth the pride of our ●●ts and presumption of our hearts , in being bold to worke vpon holy matters in our own strength or else for that we resting vpon a generall purpose of thinking some good thing , or at least not to thinke any euil , did not fasten our minde constantly or continually vpon some particular obiect , but raunging vp and downe , as hauing some part of our affections , studies , and meditations voide for some other matters , did not wholy & seriously set on the thing propounded to our selues . The trueth hereof may appeare hereby , for that which the heart is throughly set vpon , it is so attentiue to , that it can be present to no other thing at that instant , especially if it be an hindrance to the thing taken in hand . Dulnes . 1 HE said , after his great ioyes conceiued of some effectuall working of God in himselfe , he most commonly not long after fell into deadnes and dulnes , and thereby was humbled : so that vntill that he was prepared with some new grace from God , and had receiued some new mercie at his hands , he was very vnfit to performe any seruice vnto God or men . 2 Deadnes of the spirit , is the graue of many heauenly graces . Doctrine . 1 BEcause in reading of examples we restraine duties to certaine persons , and wring our own necke out of the yoke , or else we chiefly tye the mercies of God to them , and thinke they appertaine not to vs ; it is good to learne certaine rules whereby we may know when the vse of the doctrine is generall , and when particular , which is set downe in singular examples . Three rules are to be obserued : first , if we reade of any thing in particular , we are to search whether in some other place in the Scripture , the samething is not set downe generally , that is , whether that which is commēded , or discommended in some proper person , be not commanded or forbidden to all : if it be , then the vse of that is generall , not particular : but if it be a particular precept enioyned to some one , and no warrant found in the word of that to be done of another ; then it is a thing personall , proper to some , not general appertaining to all . The second rule is , that wheresoeuer there is a generall equitie of a thing , there is a general practise to be had , howsoeuer we see it set down but in particular . The third is , whersoeuer by the scope of the place there appeares a generall drift , either by something going before or comming after , though the present place seemeth to be particular , yet there is a generall vse of the doctrine to be gathered out of it . Exercise of religion . 1_THe wicked not daring openly to professe iniquitie , redeeme times secretly to commit it : so though we haue not the strength to professe religion publikely , yet let vs redeeme times secretly to frequent the exercises of godlinesse . 2 As it is but a small pleasure , so long as we are in the gardē , to be delighted with the smel of herbes , vnlesse we gather of euery kinde some to carrie with vs , that so we may haue the benefit of the garden , though we be farre from it . And as it is but a small comfort to be rauished with sweet odors , so long as we are in the Apothecaries shop , and afterward to want them : so it is but a flattering ioy , nay rather a starting ioy , no longer to be affected with the word and religion than we are in the Church : therefore we must gather here and there , that may worke on our affections when we be farre from the place where they grew . 3 We must vse all exercises of reading , hearing , conferring , praying , singing and meditating : but we must not tye the working of Gods spirit to any one particular . Experience of our corruption . 1 WE shall neuer be brought hungerly to seeke after Christ , vntill we come by the last precept , to see and feele our naturall corruption , where of we must not onely haue knowledge , but experience also , as S. Paul had , Rom. 7. Now wheras the Papists say , that this corruption is a sinne in the vnregenerate , but ●●t in the regenerate ; we say it is a sinne in both . I say a bare knowledge hereof is not sufficient : for euen the knowledge of our corruption is not without the corruption of a priuie pride . Faith. IT is harder to beleeue in the abundance of worldly things , than it is in the want of them ▪ for these things are , as it were , vailes set betwixt God and vs , they stay our sight in them that it cannot pearce to God. 2 As the arme being soundly knit to the body , receiueth pith and strength from the bodie to resist all euill , and to draw all good things vnto it , and being but out of ioynt , and the sinewes which did knit it to the body being loosed , it hath no such force to performe duties : so our faith being the meanes spiritually to ioyne vs vnto the Lord , we receiue strength so long as it is sound , both to resist euill and accomplish good : but if it decay , and fall as it were out of ioynt , then we cannot draw that full strength from the Lord , for our defence and strength which we were wont to haue . 3 When one asked him , whether we first receiued the spirit or the word , to the working of faith , he said , we first receiue the spirit ; howbeit to feele our faith we must necessarily receiue the word . And although the smoke , in respect of vs , doe first shew that there is fire hidden vnder the ashes , yet there was fire before the smoke came : so though the word first make knowne vnto vs our faith , yet sure it is that the spirit of God was giuen vs before our feeling wrought this mightily by the word . As he that had but a dimme sight to behold the Serpent in the wildernes was healed , as well as he that saw perfectly : so he that hath but a weake faith in the sonne of God , shall neuer haue his saluation denied him , Zach. 12. 10. Familie . 1 SO often as we be asked of the welfare of our people , wife , or family , we ought to take it as an occasion whereby God stirreth vs vp to pray for them , to giue thankes for them , and to examine our owne heart , what meanes both in presence , and absence , we haue vsed for their good . 2 Care in superiours , and feare in inferiours , cause a godly gouernement both priuate and publike , in familie , Church , and Common-wealth . Feeling . 1 THough a man haue knowledge , yet he may want faith : though he haue faith , yet because many euils come betweene , feeling immediatly doth not alwaies follow , nor after feeling ioy , nor after ioy practise . 2 We can doe but little good to any body , except we haue a feeling pitie and compassion of them . 3 If any be afflicted in minde for want of feeling , he must distinguish betweene Gods spirit and his graces in vs : for his spirit may liue in vs when his graces are dead in vs , Psal. 51. For as by some extreame sicknes life may be within one , yet it cannot be felt of the sicke bodie : so in some great temptation , the holy Ghost may be in vs , and yet we not feele nor finde his presence . Howbeit , as by breathing neuer so short we discerne life : so by the actions of the spirit , he it neuer so little , we may iudge of the life of God in vs. 4 Such as for want of feeling be loth to pray , must learne , not to tarrie to pray till they finde feeling , but offer themselues vp into the hands of Iesus Christ , and so humbling themselues before him , pray on , and continue in prayer of faith , though not of feeling . 5 Though we feele not the spirituall ioy which we should feele , yet let vs not be too much cast downe ; so that our conscience tell vs , that we are readie to withdraw somewhat from our outward pleasures , for want of this inward pleasure ; and that we haue not preuented or smothered out these spirituall ioyes , but are grieued that we haue them not , and waite for the time to feele them : for of all things we must beware that we draw not into their steed carnall ioyes , and so driue as it were into exile the working of Gods spirit in vs by them . 6 A certai●e man complaining that he was comfortlesse for want of feeling , receiueth this answere : Oh brother be of good comfort , we hold Christ by faith , and not by feeling . Fruites of faith . 1 ONe being curteously faluted , and worthily commended of a Gentlewoman , who said , she heard a very good report of him : he answered her , the like haue I heard of you : but God make our after fruits of his spirit more effectuall than the former , or else we shall not answere the glorie of God and good opinion of his Saints conceiued of vs. 2 There are two workings of Gods spirit in vs : the one inferiour , which bringeth but some fruit of the spirit , without any speciall fruits of grace : the other superiour and more certaine , when the spirit worketh an infallible sanctification : the first may totally be darkened and fully quenched : the other hath but a particular Eclipse , and in measure may be dimmed , as it was in Dauid , Psalm . 51. but this is not finally quenched . As God made man so that hee might fall , though afterwards hee had mercie vpon him : so he regenerateth vs so , that we may fall , so as afterwards hee may raise vs againe , and will. And it is fearefull enough , that there may be such particular decayes of grace in vs , as after sinne , to feele lesse comfort in the word , lesse feare of sinne , lesse care of well doing , lesse zeale in praving , lesse fruits in the meanes : so that all our actions are turned to be bitter , which were sweeter vnto vs then any worldly increase vnto the worldly man , or honie can bee to them that loue it . These are euident tokens of the sanctifying spirit , to loue good , because it is good ; and to hate sinne , because it is sinne : the more wee grow in gifts , the more to hunger , the more to complaine of our vnworthinesse : the more being humbled in our selues , the more meekly to iudge of others : when we are most quiet with all things , then to thinke our selues least quiet , and then most to feare our selues : so to feele the graces of God in vs , as that yet our sense and feeling is not lessened , and to feare and quake at the first degree and motions of sinne ; not least they fully quench , but least they coole the heate of the spirit in vs. Here , I say , let vs not forget to feare , for if it be so , that thou being the childe of God , canst not finally fall , yet consider how will this grieue thee , if thy sinne breake out to the dishonour of so louing a Redeemer ? or though he keepe thy sinne from flaming out , yet that thou shalt feele such a burthen in thy selfe , or such vile corruption or matter as shall coole the heate of all Gods graces in thee . Falling into sinne . 1 ▪ IF any doubt concerning this question , ( whether the childe of God might fall often into one and the same sinne ) these cautions and distinctions are to be obserued . First , whether the partie bee generally called , or specially touched : if hee be but generally called , as all common Christians professing the Gospell , it were an easie matter to slippe in that state . Secondly , if the partie be effectually called , it is to be enquired , whether he be but a babe in Christ or no , or whether he be come to some good growth in Christ : for that if he be but a nouice , he may twice fall so . Thirdly , we must obserue , if he be now growne to some good age in Christ , whether the sinne committed be a thing knowne vnto him , or if hee know it not to be a sinne , hee may doubtles slip into it . 2 When wee consider how Noah , Moses , and others fell in their latter dayes , and how the most excellent men haue fallen , wee must earnestly pray , rather that the Lord would take vs out of the worlde , than that our life should bring any offence to the Church , or slander to the Gospell . Feare . 1 BEe neuer afraide of leauing good vndone , least the Lord suffer you to fall into the contrarie euill . 2 Hee thought when he had no feare nor griefe , he could not profit . 3 Beware of immoderate feare , which rather hinder the certaintie of saith , then beate downe the securitie of the flesh , and which be the readiest meanes to pull Gods wrath vpon vs , in that they be the fruites of vnbeliefe , and such as would tye the grace of God promised , to the present danger and deliuerance out of the same . The meane and middle path is , that wee should feare and forethinke of euils to come , not as thinking that of necessitie they must fall vpon vs , as though God could not , or would not deliuer vs from them , but as they , who beeing guiltie in this one , desire to submit themselues to the hand of God , and acknowledge themselues heires of Gods iustice or wrath in this or that euill : yet so as we meete with the Lords mercie , who is both able and willing euen then most of all to assist and deliuer vs , when wee most feare , and through this godlie feare are reuerentlie humbled vnder the hand of his Maiestie . For if naturall parēts know then to mitigate the stripes of their correction to their children , when they see in them a milde & meeke submission of themselues , vnder the hand of their authoritie , and yet so fearing them as Gouernours , but vpholding with mercie as fathers : if they haue that wisedome , by so much to make their hand in correction the heauier , by howe much the Childe to bee beaten is the stubborner ; we must then thinke this mercifull wisdome and confideration to bee much more in the Lorde , from whose brightnesse the parents haue receiued these sparkes . 4 Hee said , that to winne anie , or to continue anie in the feare of God , he would giue no such things which he loued not , but such things as he loued most dearely , that they might know it to be a gift of loue , and not of fashion . Feastings . 1 IN our meetings and feastings , we are to looke to our selues ; if good speeches be vsed , wee must be thankefull ; if euill , sorrowfull ; if things not meerely euill , not greatly to torment our selues . Friendship . 1 THis aduise he gaue , that it was good to discerne of them whom wee much receiue into our companie , least we lose the credite of the Church conceiued of vs. For although many seeme and shewe themselues to bee well disposed , yet because there be so many corruptions in our nature , it is heauenly wisedome to discerne of men ; wherefore it is good for vs to consider with what soundnesse of iudgement , and power of true knowledge they doe speake : first looke what sight they haue of inward corruptions This humility teacheth true wisedome , and the sight hereof would cause vs to seeke after Christ and him Crucified . For manie , who haue a little confused knowledge , will much bee talking , but for want of this knowledge they are not so sound . Secondly , we must see how ready they are by their soundnesse of knowledge , and feeling of inward corruptions , to doe good to others with cheerfulnes , and to speake of the infirmities of others with compassion and griefe ; for manie for want of this sanctified knowledge , will rather bitterlie and openly declaime against the infirmities of others , then either wisely ●dmonish them , or brotherly pittie them . 2 Hee said , the best way to haue comfort in any of our friendes , was to pray for them , and that hee neuer had more ioy in anie , then from them whom hee most prayed for , and in them most when he prayed the oftner and vehementer for them present or absent . for this is a true token of true loue to pray for them whome we loue . 3 Though he was most seuere to his friends and kindred , so long as they were not reconciled to God : yet once being wearyed with one , hee shut vp the matter with this sentence ; It is wonderfull , that diuers hearing the same word of God spoken , one should belieue , and another should not belieue : but I am rather to thanke God that I belieue , then to search o●t a reason , why another doth not belieue ; and as I am to be thankfull for my selfe , so I am to be pitifull to others . 4 Like as naturall men doe well by naturall wisedome : so wee ought much more to be stirred vp to doe well by spirituall wisedome . It is commended ●or s●●ciall wisedome in our Saui●ur Christ , Iohn ▪ 2. that hee did not committee himselfe vnto ●l●●●●● , because hee knewe what was in their hearts : So it is a speciall token of w●sedome in vs , on the contrarie not to commit our selues vnto all men , because wee know not what is in their hearts . 5 Hee reioyced to see his friends , but hee was humbled , in tha hee rested so much in that ioy , that hee forgate to doe them good to their saluation , or to receiue good from them to his saluation , which he thought he should doe , and to be his dutie . 6 His loue euer grewe to a man , as he knew the man to grow in godlines : he said , that if hee had once seene any effectuall worke of Gods spirite in anie man , h●e could neuer but hope well of him : If graces decayed , first hee was grieued , and then his loue decreased in him . Grace of God. 1 HE feeling on a time the grace of God assisting him in a thing which of himselfe he despaired of , said : Oh how easie are the waies of man , whilest the Lord doth gouerne him , and how is he beset as with a hedge of thornes , when the Lord doth not assist him . 2 As we are carefull to vse the meanes of our saluation , so must we wholy referre the blessing of the meanes to the grace of God : neither , as some doe , thinke that we can obtaine or continue the graces of God in vs without vsing the meanes , ( for that is but a dreame of fantasticall spirits ) neither , as the manner of some is , so to trust to the meanes , as neglecting to pray for the grace of God in them : which is but a preposterours zeale of such as are not rightly instructed in the way of their saluation . 3 It is a profitable note to obserue , when extraordinarie gifts of God be for our good , and when for our hurt . If our extraordinarie blessings driue vs more carefully to seeke to the ordinarie meanes , then it is of Gods mercie : but if they slaken our care in the ordinarie meanes , and puffing vs vp with a spirituall pride , cause vs to rest in them , then they are for our further condemnation : as if God blesse vs maruellously without prayer in any thing , if we are driuen more to prayer by it , then this is of God : if it cause vs to leaue prayer , it is perilous . 4 There is nothing so precious as Gods grace , which chaungeth the face of heauen and earth : and nothing so vile as sinne , which openeth hell , and staineth the earth , and shutteth vp heauen . 5 As of all gifts , the gift of Gods spirit is the dearest , so the losse of it is most daungerous : for besides that , wee know how few taste of it , and with what paine they that haue gotten it keep it , and with what hard brunts they that lose the graces of it recouer them againe , we may coniecture the greatnesse of the losse , by our experience in other things : they that haue beene in reputation for their riches , & are become bankerouts , are grieued and ashamed ; how much more then should their griefe be , who by the riches of Gods graces haue beene comfortable to themselues , and honourable among others ; and now by the decay of those gifts , haue lost both the sweet ioy and peace in themselues , and their credite with God , and in the conscience of the godly . 6 Some reioyce so much in the hearing of good things preached , that they forget to be humbled for their wants : againe , others alwaies looking on their wants , walke not thankfully for Gods graces receiued : The meane way is the best , so to reioyce in the grace of God , that we be humbled for our wants , and so to mourne for our wants , that we praise God for his graces . Good workes . 1 AS it argueth great height and willingnes to sinne , when men fearing to sinne in the day , redeeme , and steale time to sinne in the night : so it sheweth a great height and willingnesse to godlinesse , when men being not sufficiently contented to do good in the day , stretch their wel-doing euen to the night also : wherein they shew themselues to be free from vaineglory , that none seeing them , yet they doe good for the loue of God , and not for outward things . 2 A man may truely iudge himselfe to be truely willing to doe any good , when he striues all that he can , to do it , although he cannot do it as he should . Griefe for sinne . 1 WE cannot heartily be grieued for that sinne in another , whereof we haue not made great conscience in our selues . 2 The things that are euill , and grieue vs , so farre as we see them with griefe , hurt vs not . 3 Seeing a woman lamenting for the sinnes of the people , he said vnto her , ( not purposing to cause her to cease from so good an action , but admonishing her to looke to her affections ) you shall well trie your heart , said he , if this sorrow for sinne be first bred for your owne sinnes , and from your selfe proceed to the sinnes of others . Againe , the measure of your mourning must be agreeable , and proportionable to the sinne . Lastly , your griefe must so be for the person , as you may be moued rather to pittie and pray for him , than to hate and despise him . 4 That is true sorrow and griefe for sinne , which neither can by outward pleasures be stollen away , nor by continuance of time be taken from vs , but onely in Christ. 5 Because great , naturall and worldly sorrow and ioy , will cause a man to breake his sleepe at midnight , he would trie himselfe whether sorrow for sinne , or icy in saluation had caused him to doe the like . 6 His greatest sorrow was , when he spake of some good thing , that was not in himselfe , and the greatest ioy he had was in the contrary . 7 As by nature we are long and hard to be brought to be grieued for sinne : so being once downe , we are hard to get vp , and to rise out of griefe againe . For two extremities attend vpon vs ; the one to be grieued and feared too little ; the other , to ●e grieued and feared too much : the one makes vs secure , and the other dead and dull . To meete with these two , it is good in time of ioy to thinke what iudgements ●aue befallen vs heretofore , what may befall vs hereafter . In time of humbling we are to consider what mercies we haue receiued , and what mercies are stored vp , and ●●rrie for vs againe : and surely ▪ no one thing makes griefe more to waste vs , than the forgetfulnes of Gods mercies past , and doubtfulnes of Gods mercies to come : and nothing doth more strengthen our new temptations , than the forgetfulnes of Gods iudgements past , and the carelesnesse of them that are to come . Though mercies succeed mercies , yet the sea of Gods mercies is neuer drawn drie , if we claime hold of them by our faith and former experience . Hardnes of heart . 1 THe cause why mens hearts are hardened now adaies , may be this in part , because they see as great gifts of learning , tongues , and ciuill life in Papists , and heretikes , as in Gods true seruants . Euen as the cause of Pha●●●hs obstinacie was this , that being willing to be dece●ied , he would not obey the Lord , because other Sorcerers in Aegypt could doe ( as he thought ) as great matters as Moses and A●ron . 2 To one that complained of hardnes of heart , he said : You must waite for comfort , and know , that you can now no more iudge of your selfe , than a man sleeping can iudge of things which he did waking : or a man wandring in the darke can discerne of bright colours : for as the one may while he waketh doe excellent things , and yet now neither he himselfe knoweth of them , nor any other can espie them in him : and the other may be among flowers , and for want of light , can haue no vse of his eyes , nor pleasure in the obiects : so you haue done great good things whilest God gaue you a waking heart to put them in practise , and the light of his spirit to discerne his graces in you , though now you haue neither the sight nor sense of them : and this is the thing which deceiueth and disquieteth many : they looke for that discerning of themselues ( when in them Gods graces were more oppressed ) which they had when Gods spirit wrought in the sweetest and fullest measure in them : and because there is some intermission of the worke of new birth , they thinke it is a flat omission in them of the spirit of God. But as it is a token of a minde too presumptuous and infatuated , in time of dead securitie , to perswade our selues still of that safetie , for hauing those graces which sometime we had : so it is a signe of a minde abiect , and too much de●payring , to thinke that because that we haue not euen present seeling of those ioyes , glorious and vnspeakeable which we haue had ; therefore we neuer had ●●●m heretofore , or that we shall neuer haue them againe hereafter . 3 Admonis●ing one to preuent hardnes of heart in his childe , by godly and discreete correction : he said , that because children incline often to the sinnes of their fathers , parents correcting , should in wisedome first consider , if it were not a sinne before in themselues , ( which they gaue them as it were ) which now they are about to correct , and finding it so , that they should be humbled in themselues ; and being humbled , proceed to correction , in prayer , in the feare of God , in wisedome , in loue , and desire of their conuersion , and in measure , as correcting their owne sinnes , after a sort in their owne children . For men begetting Children without regeneration , giue a naturall propagation of their sinnes , without some speciall blessing of God : and none in regeneration begetteth any with such gifts of nature , but vnlesse they become newe borne , they haue no good thing in them . Heresie . 1 MEn be more grieued for murther and adulterie , then for superstition and heresie ; because these be peccata rationis , the other , affectionis & actionis ; the one goeth with a priuie pride vnder colour of deuotion , the other are euer apparant , and are accompanied with outward shame and confusion . 2 As the Gospell first began by simple Fisher-men to be preached , but afterward being receiued in loue , grewe to the other more learneder sort : so , for not receiuing the word in loue , but hauing our eares tickling to new doctrine , heresies , and sects , ( beginning now amongst vs but in the simpler sort , and ignorant men of the Countrey ) are like to inuade the best learned . And God purposing to punish the coldnes of our age , can as well now send an hereticall spirite , not onely into the common people , but into 400. learned Preachers , as hee did in times past send a lying spirite into the mouthes of 400. Prophets . 3 Euen as polygamie was not very hurtfull to the Church , so long as it was within Lamech his house , and when it preast into Abrahams familie , got great strength and preuailed much : So ill opinions are then lesse hurtfull , whilest they are amongst the wicked and ignorant : but when they get fauour amongst the learned and godly , they beginne to be most dangerous . Heart . 1 THe heart is Gods owne part , and that which must goe to the Lord. Now as nothing might be imploied to common vses , which was sacrificed by the priests vnder the Law : So the heart which is the Lords , must not be applyed to any other vse , than to his seruice . Haste , how it argueth vnbeliefe : and of Watching and waiting . 1 NOthing more bewrayes vnbeliefe , then not to stay the Lords leisure : as contrariwise , Watching and waiting on the Lord shewes Faith : for those hastie and vnquiet spirits , when they see not speedy redresse according to their expectation , they either murmure in impatiencie , or they will ease their griefe by seeking vndirect meanes . And sure as nothing in prosperitie is a greater token of Gods fauour then to feare our selues : so in aduersitie , this is a pleasant pledge of our patience , when wee can waite and attend on the Lorde , for the time , and the manner , and the measure of our deliuerance . There be some principall properties of true wayting : The first is , to waite in our selues : for manie will not outwardly murmure , and yet inwardly they boyle and fret in themselues : and manie will abstaine from outward impatiencie , which looke to the inward estate of their hearts but a little . But it is good for vs to beginne here : for if there bee a quietnes of the heart , there cannot be any great disquietnes in the tongue , or in the hand . The second propertie is , to waite on the Worde . Manie will say , they waite on God , and yet they are maruellous impatient , if yee charge them with impatiencie : but weigh their waiting by the Word , and it will not abide the tryall , it will not goe for good . Looke what Faith wee haue to waite on God , vnlesse it be taught out of the Word , ( which is as true as God himselfe ) it is not found . Some will be content to waite on God , but it is not to haue their obedience and Faith in the Worde , but to obtaine some thing the sooner , which they desire . This is no true waiting , but to waite rather for our owne profite , then for Gods glorie . Th● third property is , to corti●ue in it . Euery man by nature can waite for a while , so he may know a certaine and definitiue time of his waiting : but to offer our obedience in waiting , and not know for how long or how little we shall waite , this is the ●ainting of the soule : for if it were determined to vs how many dayes , or moneths , or houres we should waite , the hope of the profit drawing neere , and of a terme drawing out , would sustaine vs : but to leaue all moments , and conditions to the Lord , and to bee in a continuall seruice and expectation , this is hard for flesh and blood . We must learne to amend this fault , by considering how iustly the Lord may suspend his answere ▪ and helping of vs , for that our sinnes are not sufficiently bewa●led , or our faith is not sufficiently purified , or his graces not sufficiently wrought in vs. The fourth and last propertie is , to continue waiting with a kinde of vehemencie : keeping vs from faultring or fainting in our hope , though it be long ere our suite be answered , or our danger be helped . To be vehement a while , or lesse importunate long , is little worth : but to haue our affections h●to ; and for a good thing , and not to slake the heate in long continuance of time , and not to be made remisse or dead in the suit of our desires , though no appearance of our deliuerance appeare , is hard indeede . And here to meete with an obiection , we say , vehemencie argueth faith , and vehemencie bewrayeth want of faith . Faith , when no deferring of our desire doth breake the power of our zeale : want of faith , when without all hope , we are greedie and rauenous to haue our request , or else we cast all off . Humilitie . 1 MAnie deceiue themselues with a bare opinion of humilitie : therfore this may be a true triall of humilitie , if wee willingly suffer our selues to be taught of our inferiours : & if we can patiently abide our selues to be admonished of our faults . 2 Heathen men were humbled by their dreames , wee are not humbled by the Word : they that will not profite by Gods iudgements in others , shall feele them themselues . Wee haue no claime to Gods mercie offered in the Gospell , v●till we be humbled by the threatnings of the law . 3 Wee must bee like children in three things chiefly , first , like little babes . Secondly , like innocents . Thirdly , like them that are growing from childhood . First , babes are neuer quiet , except the p●p be in their mouth , or else hauing late bene at it , they are well fed : so ought we still to desire to lie at the foode of our soules , and to finde vnquietnes in our soules , if we be long from it . Secondly , weaned children , though they are not without naturall corruption ; yet this corruption doth rather shew it selfe by imitation , than by action : and if they doe any euill , it is rather violent than permanent . Thus should we be , not making an occupation of sinne , but preoccupated of sinne ; not forecasting patternes of sinne , but bending our mindes how we may not sinne ; we are violently drawne thereunto by another rather then voluntarily commit it our selues . Thirdly , they that grow out of child-hood , doe things beseeming man-hood , rather then childishees : so though babish things both in life and doctrine become vs being babes , yet hauing past our child-hood , the Lord looks for more manly ripenesse , both in knowledge & in holines of life , though our perfect age be not consummated before the resurrection . As little children , whether in teachablenes to good , or reformablenes from sinne , are either wo●●e by a faire word , or ●llured by a trifling benefit , or awed by a checke , or feared by a frowning looke or stiiled by seeing another beaten before them , or else quieted by the rod : so if we be children , either the promises of God must affect vs , or the mercies of God must allure vs , or his threatnings in his word must awe vs , or his angrie countenance must feare vs , or his correcting of others must humble vs ; or else the corrections of God vpon our selues , must pull vs downe . But as those children are of most liberall & ingenuous nature , who are rather allured with faire words , than driuen to dutie with the rod ; so they are most gracious , which are most broken with the conscience of their vnkindnesse , more prouoked by the promises of God : then by all the curses , thunderings , and threatnings of the law : but they that are affected with neither , degenerate as yet from the affections of children . Hypocrisie . 1 HEe obserued some , who outwardly liued an honest & ciuill life , yet lying hypocritically in some sinne , were constrained in death , or before , to vtter it to their shame . Which kinde of iudgements are most necessarie , that God might shewe himselfe to be God , and his threatnings to be true , that the wicked might lesse reioyce in their exceeding impietie , and that Gods children might be raised from their securitie . Iudgement . 1 IN our most earnest matters wee must be zealous ouer our owne heart , and then especiallie examine and call to account our affections , because that in such a case there is either some speciall worke of God , or else it is some notable worke of the flesh , or of Sathan . And whereas it is a pedagogie of the soule , that in all things we had neede to aske the gouernement of God , by his word and spirit , for that a man knoweth what hee is , but not what he shall be in this or that action . When wee cannot gage the depth of our heart , wee must impute it to want of prayer , and the not trauailing with our heart how to doe the things in wisedome . 2 Though all exercises of pure religion purely vsed , doe both strengthen iudgement and whet vp affections , yet reading , hearing , and conferring , do most strengthen iudgement , and in part whet on affections . But praying , singing , and meditation , doe mos● chiefly whet vp affection , but in part strengthen iudgement and vnderstanding . 3 Being desired to giue his iudgement of a weighty matter , hee answered : Syr , neither am I able to speake , nor you to heare , for that wee haue not prayed , indeede I may talke , and you answere as naturall men ; but wee are not now prepared to conferre as t●e children of God. 4 Hee fatherlie exhorted men to labour for increase of iudgment : first by reason , then by example : by reason thus , without soundnes of iudgement , it is a more difficult trauailing for the childe of God with his owne heart to any fruit . Againe , not being stayed in iudgement , one shall be troubled to commit , and afraide to doe many things , which indeede he might lawfully and comfortably doe if he had knowledge . Thirdly , wee shall not without good knowledge satisfie our godlie desire in perswading or dislwading an●e , for that we cannot doe so assuredly , substantially and effectually , as wee ought , and would doe . By example he exhorted men to consider of the Prophet Dauid , in his Ps●lme ●19 . hee prayeth for knowledge , hauing no one thing oftner then this , Teach mee O Lorde thy statutes , &c. Sound ioy . 1 THe more one tasteth of heauenly things , the lesse is his ioy in earthly things : the more one feeleth earthlie things pleasant , the lesse ioy can hee haue in heauenlie . Coloss : 3. 1. Phil : 3. 20. 2 Wee must in reading the iudgements of God obserue this rule : If any man will trie conclusions against Gods conclusions , hee shall prooue nothing in the ende but himselfe to be a foole . And if hee faile in his triall , by how much the more he might be admonished , by so much the more hee shall be without excuse . There are many that feare ( Psal. 14. 5. ) where no feare is : but there are more which reioyce , where no cause of ioy is . 3 Some ioy euery man must haue , either carnall or spirituall : and therfore when Cain had lost his title and interest in heauen , hee made himselfe a seate on earth : and when hee had lost the harmony of a good consciēce , his nephew Tubal was faine to inuent Organs , that hee might haue some musicke and solace in outward things . And 2. Kings . 11. when the people could not haue their owne fond delights , Salomon causeth Apes , Peacockes , and such like , to bee brought from Ophir for them . Men will haue ioy ●t they cannot haue the more solemne melodie by Arte , they will haue the common instruments of the Countrey . But the reason is , because the soule is mouldring , and the heart is p●rching drie . But let these sandie mouldring earthly hearts consider , that there is no secure nor true ioy , which either time may loose , or death dismay , or the iudgements of God make afraide . It is no sound ioy that either will leaue vs , or wee shall be glad to leaue it as an vnprofitable possession . 4 Manie had rather part from all fauour of God , then loose the grace of some wittie speech , which they haue deuised : but cursed bee that merriment which respecteth not either dutie to God , or loue to our neighbour . Knowledge . THere are manie who haue a generall knowledge of the Truth , but when it comes to particular practise , they are hindred with profites , pleasures , and selfeloue . 2 They whose knowledge is in swelling words , and painted eloquence of humane wisedome , being but a doctrine of the letter , in their death they are as if they knew nothing of Christ crucified : and whereof comes it , that there is so much preaching , and so little learning ? but because men preach and delight to heare plausible nouelties , to please the eare rather then the simple power of the Word to pierce the heart : they take the bone , and refuse the marrow : they are content with the shell , but want the kernell : and not onely the law killeth , but also the Gospell : that is , the letter of the Gospell beeing ministred without the spirite . Aske the wounded conscience , what comfort it is to heare that Christ dyed for our sinnes ; Nay , aske if this gall not as much as the lawe it selfe , so long as it is rather conceiued by reason , than receiued by faith . 3 He said , how after hee knew God , hee desired by prayer two things principallie : the one , that hee might loue the Saints : the other , that hee might willingly and profitablie beholde the iudgements of God on others : which as God in mercie had graunted him , so he confessed this fruite thereof , that vnlesse hee had seene such iudgements , he should haue fallen into many troubles , which now through Gods grace he had escaped , by seeing and hearing the causes of these miseries in others . For when hee saw how God dealt with others , hee searched his owne heart , whether he had bene or was such a man : hee perswaded himselfe hee might be such a one hereafter , and therefore hee repented before Gods iudgements came on him , if euer hee had done the like ; And so by prayer and good meanes hee was made more carefull for falling into it hereafter . Loue of the creatures . 1 THe loue of the creatures hindreth vs in good things , but the vse of them furthereth vs therein . Gods children looke to the spirituall vse of those things , which the worldlings vse carnally . 2 Then wee haue a sure testimonie of our loue to good things , and of our hatred to euill , when no punishment nor reward can either driue vs from good , or drawe vs vnto euill . Madnes . 1 A Great cause of madnes is impatiencie of minde , or else the sudden wrath of God vpon a man , for doing some thing against his conscience . Matrimonie . 1 ONe may know whether his wife be brought vnto him of the Lord by these notes . First , if there be any agreeing or proportionable liking each of other , and that in the gifts of the minde , concerning their generall calling , as zeale , faith , godlines ; and also concerning their particular calling . Secondly , if they being thus consonant , do vse good meanes , as the word , prayer , and consent of parents in their contracts , and then the good order of the Church in their meetings , and if they vse no charmes , nor vnhonest or vnlawfull meanes . Thirdly , that their hearts be sincerely affected to Gods holy ordinance , so that first they respect this end , to haue a helper to Gods kingdome , when each of them hath said in their soules , I will seeke out one in whom I may see mine owne image of faith , loue , holinesse , &c. that will helpe mee to Gods kingdome . Againe , when they doe not marrie for riches , beau●ie , or such like outward things : but haue a desire mutually to doe the duties which they owe one vnto another . Besides , they must haue a desire to hasten the kingdome of Christ , by fulfilling , so much as in them lieth , the number of the elect : and vsing it as a remedie against incontinencie . And so we see condemned here all marrying of young men with old women , when there can be no hope of procreation . 2 Vnto a gentlewoman that was afraide that her good will was suspected to her husband , being fa●re from her , in that he receiued not the letters she sent him , he said : If your conscience did excuse you , he could not condemne you , and God will make knowne your heart vnto him : if your owne heart condemne you , then can he not ex●use you , no not although he thought very well of you ▪ 3 As a louing husband will not take away his loue from his wife for some particular wants , so long as she keepeth her loue wholy and truly vnto him : so the Lord will not cast off his louing kindnes to vs for speciall wants , or frailtie in particular commandements , so long as we generally labour to please him . 4 When one asked him concerning marriage , whether it were good to marrie ; seeing sometimes , when concupiscence pricked him , he was moued to it , and some other time when he felt no such thing , he thought he might abstaine from it : He answered , many come hastily into that calling , not v●ing the means of trying their estate throughly before ; as namely , whether they by prayer , fasting , and auoyding all occasions of concupiscence , haue the gi●t of chastitie or no ? Many vse some of the meanes , and not all : many vse all the meanes , but a small time : therefore it is good to vse first the meanes , not part of them , but all of them : not for a while , but long . If so be that all these things will not preuaile , attend vpon the Lords ordinance , and waite when the Lord shall giue iust occasion of vsing that estate , to his glorie and our comfort . 5 He thought it to be a good ceremonie for the father to giue his daughter in mariage before the congregation , if she either be a virgin or a yong widow , to shew that she made not her owne match , but that she made it by her fathers consent . And being asked how it should be , ●● t●● father were dead , he said , then he would not haue the mother to doe it in the congregation , but th●ught it good for the father in his testament , wisely to appoynt some viceg●rent to do● his dutie . If any man doe this rather at the appoyntment of the yong parties , than at the appoyntment of the parents , it is an abuse . Now that there must be in all lawfull contracts the consent of parents , he said : first , children are a part of mens goods , as in Iob. 1. it appeareth , in that Sathan hauing commission to set on the goods of Iob , did seaze on the children of Iob. Secondly , if in the law a damsell might not performe her vow vnto the Lord , her father misliking it : then much lesse , as it is probable , may a damsell performe promise of mariage to a man , her father misliking it . 6 He said , he could not away with such as would marrie too soone after they had ●uried their wiues , but that it were better for abstaining a time , to shew themselues humbled vnderneath the hand of God in that crosse : and to testifie that it was no light loue vnto the parties whom they loued in the Lord. For besides that , it is almost vnnaturall , to get another bodie in bed , before the former be rotten in the graue : it is a thing of euill report impugning common honestie , in that it may offer offence vnto the friends of the parties departed , and giue occasion to thinke that their loue was but light , being so soone forgotten ; ●s also for that it may giue occasion of iealousie to the parties to be maried , and to their friends , in that they may feare that their loue will be as light and little to them , as it was to the other before . And although any set time for diuers circumstances cannot be prescribed , yet vsually a yeere were but sufficient for this purpose of abstinence . Meditation . 1 MEditation is the very life and strength of reading , hearing , prayer and Sacraments , without which they are made weake and vnprofitable vnto vs. 2 Meditation is that exercise of the minde , whereby we calling to our remembrance that which we know , doe further debate of it , and applie it to our selues , that we might haue some vse of it in our practise . 3 In meditation two parts of the soule are occupied : 1. The memorie . Remembring some thing heard or read . 2. The vnderstanding . Gathering some other thing vpō that which is remēbred , as namely , in finding out the Causes . Fruites . Properties . 4 The worke wrought in the affections is this , that they are framed either to loue or hatred , hope or feare , ioy or sorrow , according to the diuersitie of the thing which the reasonable part hath seriously considered of . For example , a man then meditateth on the word , when he so remembreth it and museth on it , that he goeth from poynt to poynt , applying generally somethings vnto himselfe , and wisely examining how the case stands betwixt the Lord and him in those things , whereby he seeing what is like to follow vpon it , hath his heart stirred vp to put something in practise . 5 In hearing of the word with others , and reading of it by our selues , we think we haue to deale but with men , because those are but outward things , many men will carrie themselues cheerefully : but there is nothing more tedious vnto vs , ( without Gods speciall assistance ) than by meditation to call our selues to account before Gods iudgemēt seate for that which we haue heard , and to deale with our hearts in good earnest for the doing or not doing of the things we haue learned : and without hypocrisie to lay our hearts naked before God , accusing our selues when we come short of any thing , praying also for grace therein , confessing our sinnes that we haue been rebuked of , and crauing forgiuenes : acknowledging his mercie where we haue receiued any thing , and begging for the continuance of it : and so to depart away either more humbled in our selues , to auoide sinne more carefully ; or comforted in the Lord , to goe on forward in weldoing more cheerefully . 6 A great companie of men , ●●d euen many prosessors , haue an euill opinion of meditation , because ( hauing purposed to passe their time in mirth ) they feare if they should deale thus streightly with themselues ▪ least it would make them melancholike and heauy : vpon which occasion , they will not so much as abide to be alone , nay in the companie of graue and sober men : and to keepe them from thi● , some of great place are content to maintaine Iesters , &c. But if we will consider the profits which come to those , who vse meditation , and the hurts which fall on them who vse it not , we shall be easily perswaded to embrace it . Commodities of meditation , and hurts of the want thereof . 1 IF we meditate of those generall rules which we haue heard out of the word , we shall many times see more cleerely into the truth of it , than he that preacheth , or at least more than he expressed vnto vs. For by the spirit of God we shall be taught to applie it more particularly to our selues , than he did or could doe , because we are most priuie to our owne estate . 2 Those that much meditate , become there by the godliest men , and most profitable to themselues and others : because meditation so increaseth knowledge in vs , as that it especially breedeth good affections , and quickeneth them most , being begun in vs , & by ou● affections we are carried to practise goodnesse in our selues . Contrariwise , they which vse not meditation , cannot attaine to that knowledge , which otherwise they might haue . For we see that a scholler of a most excellent wit , cannot attaine to great learning , if he meditate not on the things read vnto him ; how much lesse can wee which are dull and blinde , concerning spirituall things ? 3 Furthermore , the knowledge which one gets , whilest it swimmes in the braine , and is not setled in the affections by meditation , is but a vanishing knowledge . For if persecution befall vs , or if heretikes trie vs with subtill arguments , or if Sathan tempt vs , we shall be shaken from our former knowledge . But contrariwise a setled perswasion of the heart , is hardly or not at all ouercome . 4 Those who omit meditation , haue their knowledge for the most part grounded vpon other mens sayings and writings , and they bring themselues into this bondage , to belieue all to be true that their writer saith , because they haue not examined it . 5 Want of Meditation destroyeth the memorie , and causeth men to trust altogether to their books : so as if they haue time sufficient & store of books , they are able to speake with great admiration of the hearers , and yet of the same matters can scarse speake to a priuate man tolerablie to his edification and comfort , because hee hath but spoken it out of the booke , and not laboured to make it his owne by Meditation , that thereby hee might finde out how to applie it to his owne vse , and the benefit of others . Want of Meditation takes away the vse of knowledge . Rules for Meditation . 1 FIrst , let the word be the obiect , and beware of mingling it with mens deuices , Psalm . 1. 2. 26. 119. 99. Secondly , heare , reade , and conferre much with reuerence and diligence , else our Meditations may be erronious , Psal : 119. 99. The Prophet was wiser then his teachers : therfore he had instructions and conference before his meditation . Ioshuah and Timothie were commanded to reade before , and then to meditate . 2 Meditate but of one thing at once , and at one time , according to the olde prouerbe : Hoc age . 3 Though hee who is come to strength of Meditation , can make his vse of all places and companies : yet euen these , and much more other , not growne to such ripenesse , must bee carefull to chuse time and place , and to sequester themselues from all lets , that ●ight carrie them away , when they will giue themselues to earnest meditation , as Iob did , who whilest his sonnes were banquetting , kept himselfe apart . And they are to vse fasting , that they may bring themselues into the presence of God , and see into the depth of t●eir owne corruptions . 4 In meditating of a point , wee must first trauaile with our iudgement and affections , before wee come to make vse of it in our hearts . 5 Wee must know that there will neuer be sound nor abiding fruite of meditation , vntill our heart be sound and sincere , and dehorting others from sinne , looke that wee our selues hate it . 6 Before and in all wee must pray that the spirite may be giuen vs , that we neither adde nor detract , that wee goe not too farre , nor come not too short . 7 We must euer be mindefull to be thankfull vnto God , when hee blesseth vs in our meditation ; else we shall be buffeted in our next meditation . 8 Being often troubled suddenly in his deepest meditations with distractions of mind , he tryed whether they were of God or not , in this manner : If they did either bring some euill things past into his minde to humble him , or some good thing to comfort him , and make him thankefull ; or if they did instruct him in any thing to come , leauing an admonition in him to be circumspect , then hee tooke them to be of God : but if they drewe his minde from the things present , to roue and wander after other matters , hee presently suspected it , and fell to prayer , to be established in his present calling , from whence his owne corruptions and Sathan went about to leade him . 9 Hee had often in his publike ministerie and priuate conference , a sudden failing in memorie , so as by no meanes hee could recouer himselfe in those things hee purposed to speake : in which case he vsed this remedie , presently to groane in his hart , and to humble his soule vnderneath the holy hand of God , not busilie to stand troubling and tossing his memorie , because he knew , and had often prooued , that this was the best way to turne away this euill . 10 To reade and not to meditate , is vnfruitfull : to meditate and not to reade , is dangerous for errours : to reade and meditate without prayer is hurtfull . 11 The cause why our meditations and prayers are no stronger in the night , is because we ioyne not with meditation the examination of our hearts vpon our beds : which if we did in some truth , it would keepe vs from drowsinesse , and want of reuerence in our prayers ; as well as worldly men are kept waking , by thinking on worldly matters . Here we are taught by Dauids example , when we want the more solemne and best meanes , to make a supplie by often and sincere vsing of such priuate meanes as we can . Ministerie , Ministers . 1 WE must neuer be so moued at the reproches of enemies , as at the not profiting of friends : that is , such as be , or ought to be the ioy , crowne , and glorie of our ministerie , for whom wee haue prayed , and with whom we haue trauailed for their saluation . For as these men alone giue all the credite to our ministerie in well-doing , so they doe farre more discredite it by euill doing , then all others , at whose hands we looke for no such things . And for this cause wee may not be so moued to see the common sort of people offend , because what maruaile is it if they faile in duties , when others which are continually taught , doe so often slip and fall ? 2 Ministers should most frequent those places where God hath made their Ministerie most fruitfull : they should heerein be like the couetous man , that where they haue once found the sweetnes of gaining of soules , thither they should be most desirous to resort . 3 Hee feared much the preposterous zeale and hastie running of young men into the Ministerie ; because as iudgement , so also stayednesse , and moderation , vse , experience , grauitie in ordering affections , and the hauing some masterie ouer corruption , was needefull in him , that should teach others . And hee obserued the extreame in our age , to be contrarie to that in the first age , wherein men being but slenderly brought vp , it was very long ere they were vsed in the Church : but now education being bettered , they are too soone imployed . Too hastie a triall must not be made of mens giftes to their hurt that vse them , and that haue the vse of them . 4 If we aske , whether a man may not lawfully desire to be in the Ministerie or no ? I answere , that in the Ministerie are two things ; a worke and a worship ; a dutie and a dignitie . The worke and dutie to the glory of God , and the good of his Church , a man may desire : The worship or dignity , to serue our couetous mind , is not to be desired . It is good before we come to the complete function of the Ministery , there should be some training vp by degrees in the schooles of the Prophets , Acts , 20. Wee reade of the training vp of certaine Disciples at Corinth , and at Antioch : Paul was first a Disciple , then an Apostle : Ioshua vnder Moses ; Samuel vnder Ely ; Elisha vnder Elias ; Salomon vnder Nathan ; Baruch vnder Ieremie ; Timothie vnder Paul ; were trained vp . And surely it is a diuine policie , first , to be of the childrē of the Prophets , then a Prophet , thē a Pastor . First , Christ calleth some to be domesticall Disciples , Luk : 6. After , he sendeth them forth , Luk : 10. And then they preach most fully , whē after his Ascension they had receiued the holy Ghost . Now if this order were in the Prophets times , why should it not be much more in ours ? In the common-weale , there is a training vp of the Gentrie , before they be installed into Magistracie . In the Court , no man at the first is admitted to the highest titles and functions , but according to their gifts & practise . In naturall things , wee will not commit our bodies to euery Physitian , & professor , but make enquiry after him who hath had the longest experience . Then it is good , first with Ioshua , Samuel , Elisha , Salomon , Baruch , and Timothie to be humbled ; then with Moses , Ely , Elias , Nathan , & Paul to be honored . For what age requireth this more then our headie olde age of the world ? Wherein young men are some what forward , and young men haue younger iudgemēts , younger affections , vnseasoned speeches , and vnseasoned speeches bring retractions , and retractions bring their discredit . Mirth . 1 WHen a Gentlewoman asked him if he were not sometime merrie . Yes , saith he , we are often merrie , and sometimes we are afraid of our mirth . Mercies . 1 THe way to see the length , depth , breadth and heigth of Gods mercies , is first with shame and sorrow to see the length , &c. of our owne sinnes . Memorie . 1 THe best arte of Memorie , is , to be humbled at Gods threatnings , and comforted at his promises : for sure it is , that exceeding griefes or exceeding ioyes , leaue great impressions in vs. 2 The best arte of Logicke is to reason E conuerso , out of that saying of Paul ; There is no temptation hath ouertaken you , but it hath ouertaken others . And to say thus , There hath no temptation ouertaken others , but the same may ouertake vs. This will teach vs to speake charitably and profitably of other mens infirmities . Markes of the children of God. 1 THere be some notable markes to know whether our iourney be to heauen , or to hell : first , if a man be so close , that he will not open his way whither he purposeth to goe , yet you shall sp●e out his intent , by obseruing which way his carriage is sent : if our carriage goe after the flesh , to the flesh we shall come : if after the spirit , to the spirit we shall come . Secondly , if a man conceale his voyage , yet you shall discerne him by his inquirie this way or that way : if he aske which is the way to Canaan , and where the way lieth in the wildernesse , it is an argument he is going to the promised land . Thirdly , albeit he would keepe his iourney neuer so priuie ; yet he is bewrayed , if when in hearing a man speake against his countrey , and dispraise his Prince and people , his blood beginneth to rise , he findeth himselfe grieued , and standeth in defence of his countrey : So , if when men disgrace Gods word , speake euil of his Ministers , or reproch his Saints , we finde our selues moued , and not able to containe our selues from reprehension : that is a token we are trauailing towards heauen . Occasions of euill . 1 GOdly men are not in danger of grosse wicked women : wherefore we must haue a greater carefulnes of our selues , when we are in companie of such as professe godlinesse . And so in all euils beware of secret and colourable occasions of euill , wherein some make a shew of good , being guiltie of great offences . Patience . 1 PAtience then possesseth the soule , whensoeuer all our outward wants are supplied by patience . 2 There are many who haue set a presse on their hearts , and purposed to exempt themselues from all griefe : others eate vp their hearts with griefe , as the flesh of the body is eaten vp with a corrosiue , and so make themselues dull stones , rather than feeling members : the meane is not to be too quiet , as without all griefe ; nor to be vnquiet too much , as being without a God. Pitie . 1 THey are not to be pitied in their griefe , which sorrow not with some griefe for their sinnes . Pouertie . 1 WE often want outward things , because we esteeme no more of inward graces . 2 It is the policie of Sathan , to lay before vs the great benefits which we want , to cause vs to murmur for them , and to disgrace the present benefits which we haue , least we should be thankfull . We must not desire to come out of the fire of affliction , vntill the Lord thereby haue purified ●s , as fine gold , for his owne vse : but still thinke that the continuing of the crosse , is the continuing of scouring away of some corruption . 3 The Lord oftentimes giueth his children no other riches , but his promise made vnto them , which they must wholy depend vpon , vntill the Lord seeing them readie for the thing in the testament hequeathed vnto them , shall in wisedome giue them their legacies . 3 The Lord will haue vs to begin with good things though our beginning be small : the diuell contrary . In euill things God would haue vs feare the very first beginnings : the diuell contrary . Preaching . 1 IT is to be feared , that by reason of our long peace and ease , mens teaching will become glassie , bright and brittle : for that preaching is alreadie growne so cold and so humane , that the simple preaching of Christ doth greatly decay : & that the great peace & quietnes which men haue in themselues , shall destroy the power of godlines out of them . 2 If wee preach things whereof wee are not fully perswaded , or if we be perswaded of them , yet if they be not sound according to truth , they will trouble our consciences afterwards . 3 He obserued that many would receiue the word of God publikely preached with reuerence , and being priuately spoken , they made no such account of it : wherein men shewed themselues not to respect the preacher of God and his word , but some other thing . And that some men ( which was a foule sinne , and worthie publike reprehension ) would heare a man willingly in the Church , and gainsay his doctrine at home . Wherein they bewraied , rather that they heard for solemnitie of place , more then for any deuotion . 4 In denouncing the iudgements of God , either priuatly to one , or publikely to more , the Ministers of Christ still ought earnestly and inwardly to be moued to pray , that that euill which the Lord foreshewed them by the word to fall on such sinners , might be turned away : so farre must they be from speaking in wrath . 5 Some Preachers doe much inueigh against the body , crying out , that it is the enemy of the soule : when notwithstanding we are rather to nourish the body as the friend of the soule , for the exercise of repentance , and mortification , and sanctification : and on the contrarie , the soule is the enemie to the body in vsing it to sinne , for that there is neuer any corrupt action in the body , but there hath been first a corrupt motion and sinful affection in the soule . 6 He was alwaies desirous to be in the place of publike reading , praying and preaching , euen of conscience to Gods ordinance , were the Preachers neuer so meane . For if he spake of iudgement , he either increased ( as he said ) or confirmed his knowledge . If the speaker had great wants , euen these wants did humble him , and made him to meditate inwardly of that truth , whereof the Preacher failed : in so much that sometimes hearing the wants , and then meditating of the truth , he could as well be enabled to preach againe of that text , as if he had read some Commentarie . Prayer . 1 WE cannot be drie in the graces of God , so long as we resort to Christ by feruent prayer . 2 If you will aske any blessing at Gods hands , begin with crauing his fauour : Psal. 4. If you would auoid any crosse , begin first with repenting and crauing pardon for thy sinne . Psal. 32. 3 He in all things would aske counsell of God by his word and prayer , thinking he could neuer well doe good to others , vnlesse he had also first done well to his owne soule . And hee obserued , that taking in hand things more suddenly , hee either was crossed in the doing of them , or if he had any present fruite , yet hee saw it was not an abiding and remaining fruite . 4 It is good to vse euery night as soone as wee awake , some exercise of prayer , or meditation , and to preuent the morning and euening watch in thinking on the Word . 5 Hee compounded with himselfe three times a day , to pray for those things which he preached , vsing also daily three portions of Psalm : 119. 6 They pray not altogether of fashion , who see their infirmitie in praying , and are grieued for it : And they that indeed doe pray onely of fashion , doe not see it : and this imperfection doth not so much displease the Lorde , as the griefe in vs for our imperfection doth please him . And though it come to passe that God doe crosse a vehement prayer , and doth graunt our prayer when wee pray coldlie , it is not either to make vs to surcease from zeale , or to slip to coldnes in prayer , ( for that is the way either to heresie or prophanenesse ) but to teach vs that wee must not on the one side , trust too much to the meanes , as though wee would tye God to our praying ; and to encourage vs on the other side to vse prayer , when seeing the Lord hath heard vs praying faintly , he will surely heare vs when we pray feruently . 7 Sometimes in a good action , vsing good meanes with an vpright heart , to a lawfull ende , if our prayers be vnfruitfull , and our labours want successe : then let vs remember , that in all these there were secret imperfections , and that the Lords deferring is , that wee being better prepared by humilitie to be thankfull , he may graunt our requests in richer manner and measure . 8 When one said to him after long conference and prayer : Sir , I haue troubled you ; Oh my brother , not so ( said hee ) I neuer felt ill by well-doing , and if I may pleasure you , it is as ioyfull to mee as any thing can bee : for , for this cause I liue . Praise . 1 VNto one that with many words disabled himselfe , he said meekly : O why do you so much seeke your owne praise ? for it bewrayeth a priuie corruption of nature , that by too open dispraise , desireth to stirre vp his owne praise & cōmendations . Parents . 1 SEeing a godlie man hauing his sonne in his armes , whome hee loued tenderlie , he said to him : Sir , there is the matter of your reioycing , God make it the matter of your thanksgiuing . 2 The Lord hath corrected the immoderate loue of parents towards their Children , specially when it was grounded on nature , more then on the gifts of God : as we may see in Abraham , who so loued Ishmael ; in Isaack , who so loued Esau ; and in Dauid , who so loued Absolon . Prosperitie and Peace . 1 MEn ought to vse all good meanes in the time of peace , and before troubles come : and yet , though ( because outward things are as a vaile to hide Gods face from vs ) we cannot vnderstand good things so easily in prosperitie ; or if we vnderstand , we hardlie haue the feeling of them : we must therefore still vse the meanes , in hope of that fruite and comfort that commeth in time of trouble , vnto which time God often reserues our greatest feeling , because it is the most needfull time of helpe . 2 And if it be so that in our prosperitie we haue not vsed so the meanes , yet are we not therefore in aduersitie vtterly to dispaire of comfort , because the Word was giuen for mans helpe , who needeth meanes , not to helpe GOD , who can comfort without meanes : neither are wee to bee out of heart , though our Conscience tell vs that wee haue vsed the meanes in some weaknes : for the Lord pardoneth our infirmities , and crowneth our sinceritie in them . 3 Browne bread and the peace of the Gospell is good cheere . 4 Hee said surely , that long prosperitie will breede either heresie or securitie , or some great aduersitie : and that howsoeuer men did little feare these plentifull dayes , yet when prosperitie is full and come to repletion , there must needes follow some rupture , and the abundance of wealth must needes haue an vlcer , to breake out in one place or other . Rebuking or reprouing of sinne . 1 BEing asked how a man might reprehend , he answered : First , looke that you haue a ground out of the Worde for reprouing : then looke if it stand with your calling to reproue : Afterward , consider if some other man might doe it more profitably than you : then looke before whome you reproue , least you hinder the credite of the partie with his friends , and increase his discredite with his foes . And againe , if by all occasions of calling , person , time , and place , the Lord hath put you in this place to rebuke sinne ; Consider , you must put on you the person of the offender , that as you spare not his sinne , because of the zeale of Gods glorie , so you presse it not too farre , because of compassion to a brother ; then looke that with these your heart be right in zeale and loue , and so call for Gods assistance , before you speake , his grace in speaking , and for his blessing after your speaking : If anie thing bee left out that might haue bene profitable , please not your selfe in it , but be humbled for it ; though some infirmities bee in you , yet shall they not doe so much hurt , as Gods ordinance shall doe good . 2 We must rather winne men with a louing admonition , then gore them with a sharpe reprehension , that we may more easily worke vpon them afterward . 3 If we thinke we may speake , wee will speake too soone : if we thinke we may keepe silence , we will holde our peace too long : when wee much loue the persons to whome we speake , we slacke our zeale in rebuking of sinne : if we be zealous against sinne , we slacke our loue to the person . 4 Wee may rebuke publikely , a publike offence of a priuate man on this manner : My brethren , such a sinne hath passed from this place , the guiltlesse neede not to be offended , the person guiltie is to repent of it . 5 His manner was both in espying and reprouing of sinne , he would not alwayes more sharply reproue the greater sinne , nor more earnestly reprehend the lesser sinne : but measuring the accidents and the circumstances of the sinne , with the qualitie and degree of the sinne it selfe , hee did see that some appurtenances with the sinne , did aggrauate or extenuate it : So as a greater sinne with some circumstances , he thought lesse to be reproueable , and some lesser sinne with some accidents , to be more condemnable : euen as we see that the Lord did strike with death the man that with a high hand , did but gather stickes on the Sabbath , and yet not punished others so grieuouslie , who of infirmitie did more deepely prophane the Sabbath . 6 By admonition wee may winne and saue soules , and for want of due admonition , we loose and destroy soules . When we are admonished , we either denie the thing , or else we quarrell with the affection of the speaker , and finde many faults . Wee had much rather haue our consciences priuily touched , then our names openly dishonoured : yet when we haue chafed with our owne shadowe , and disputed with our owne reason , it will come to passe , that we shall speake reuerently of him behinde his backe , whom we much gainsaide in words before his face . Neither for all this vnpatient bearing of an admonition , must we leaue off , or maruell too much at the little successe of this dutie : for either we sinned in the manner of doing , or in the want of wisedome : or we would too much haue gloried in our selues , if wee had done good , or too much grieued with our selues , if we had not done good ; or we did conuince iudgement generally , or not obserue the applying of things to their circumstances particularly ; or wee doe all without loue , or without prayer , and so though wee plant and sow , God denieth the first and the latter raine to blesse our labours . Againe , we are to comfort our selues vnder hope of time to come : for experience proueth , that some at the first receiuing of an admonition most hardly , haue after most profited by it : and others receiuing an admonition very gently , haue lost the fruits of it afterward very negligently . For many curteous natures are as soft as waxe , sooner able to receiue the impression of an admonition , but lesse able to retaine it . Again , a more heroicall nature , is as the harder wax not so soon admitting the print , as surely keeping the print being made . Many notwithstanding had rather sleepe in the whole skinne of their senslesnes of sinne , and therfore giue entertainment vnto flatterers , whom for a while they loue , but afterward most grieuously hate : for when a flatterer comming to haue some bootie is denied , he will reason on this maner : Sir , I did you this good , and therefore I deserue this pleasure . Nay rather he should say ; I haue not done good but euil : and therefore it is the mercie of God , that I lose the wages of my sinne . For let vs learne this as a rule of our liefe , neuer to trust him that will promise to conceale a sinne in vs ; nor againe to mistrust him too much that will not willingly be admonished at the first . For as a furious or a phreneticall braine , can by no meanes away with him that shall lay any hands vpon him , though it were for his profit : so , so long as we be in impatiencie , we shall suffer no man to speake vnto vs , though it be for our good : but the l●thargie of our minde being cured , we marueile at our former impatiencie , and are ready to shew our selues thankful vnto him that would haue a care to draw vs out of such a sinne . Regeneration . 1 AS good natures doe not helpe of necessitie to regeneration : so euill natures cannot hinder Gods purpose in calling , if the meanes with his mercie and blessing be purely and painfully vsed . Repentance . 1 SAthan vnder the colour of repentance , bringeth many into an extreame sadnes , and strictnesse in vsing the creatures of God. Again vnder pretence of Christian libertie , and deliuering of men from extreame griefes , he allureth them to an immoderate and an vnsanctified mirth , and intemperate vse of the creatures of God : so blinding iudgement , he afterward corrupteth affection . 2 One complaining vnto him for the not feeling of his corruption , which did sometime enbolden him to sinne , and to adde one sinne to another , as to shuffle a little sinne vnder the pretence of a great sinne , and to deferre the sorrowing of one sinne , vntill the more generall accounting time , when we should sorrow for more and many sinnes , his temptation touching him on this manner : Why fearest thou to commit this one sin and this little sinne , which is as pardonable by repētance as the former sinnes , which are more in number and greater than this , seeing thou maist repent for this sinne when thou repent●st for them all ? He made this answere : In such a temptation , because Sathan is very neere , we are to tremble vnder the hand of God , to feare our selues , to striue in prayer , and to mourne for the temptation , whereby Satan would cause vs after not to dispute with it : and we be to suspect our selues to be rather readie to adde sinne to sinne , than to repent of any sinne , howsoeuer Sathan would blind vs with a kind of repenting : and we must stay vpon the power and helpe of God in Iesus Christ. Reproches . 1 HE said , although he was subiect to many and grieuous reproches , yet two things did euer comfort him : the one , that his heart was well , and not euill affected to any man : secondly , that going alone , he could humble himselfe and pray to God , that the authors of such reproches might be pardoned . Riches . 1 SOmetimes good outward gifts hurt the beholders , when they hurt not the possessors , as we may see in the beautie of Sara and Ioseph : which thing ought to humble vs in the desire of outward things , and to make vs thankfull for a mediocritie . 2 It is a iust iudgement that earthly riches doe deceiue our hearts , when heauenly riches doe not delight vs ; that the outward things should carrie vs away , when heauenly things cannot so much preuaile with vs. Well , howsoeuer gold or siluer goe here on earth for the greatest riches before men : godlines is the greatest riches before God and Angels in heauen . Sacraments . 1 AS Isaaks intent being to blesse Esau , hindered not the will of God in blessing of Iacob : so the corrupt intent of the Minister doth not hinder the blessing of God in the Sacraments , it being Gods owne ordinance . 2 After one had asked his aduice for sitting , or kneeling at the Lords table , he said : As for such things , let vs labour what we may , to doe as much as we can for the peaceof the Church . Securitie . 1 SEcuritie is a forerunner of some grosse sinne , or of some great crosse . 2 We must ouercome our vnwillingnes & sluggishnes betimes in good things : and preuent delayes at the first ; because it is certaine , the longer we delay , the worse . 3 There is a great corruption in our natures , which makes vs most dull when we haue most meanes . This ariseth either because when we haue the publike meanes more plentifully , we vse the priuate more sparingly : or because we doe not so much esteeme of the meanes , ordinarily administred , as we doe when they are lesse familiar vnto vs : or if the Lord seeing vs too immoderatly desire the place where we are , denieth vs the benefits and fruites of the place to correct our desire : or for that we promised to our selues too large a hope of freedome from many euils , by the meanes of the word ; therefore it pleaseth the Lord to proue vnto vs , that they are nothing vnto vs without the blessing of his holy spirit . Or this may arise from the temptation of Sathan , who because he would make vs discontent with our present estate and calling , and to hunt after new ; therefore he sheweth vs all the inconueniences of the place present , and hides all the profits ; and shewes vs all the profits of the place where we haue beene , or shall be , and hides all the inconueniences . Or because when we were the best in a whole towne , and saw nothing in others but corruption , we pleased our selues , and prouoked our selues more to good things ; and being among many good men , we make not so much of our goodnes , and grow something secure , and trust too much in the goodnesse of the place & persons . Or in that we like of our selues well , when we are teaching and instructing others , and are more impatient of silence in our selues , and to be instructed of others . Or because we would still be getting praise by bringing out , but we are loth to store vp treasures both new and old for time to come , when as yet there is a time of both . Or we more see this , because the last complaint seemeth the greatest , though indeed we haue suffered as euill ; euen as a man thinketh his sicknes present to be sorer than any sicknes past . The onely remedie against this dulnes is , continually by prayer , and by vsing the meanes to striue against it . Singing . 1 HE wished all men that would sing , that in singing they euer sing with affection and feeling , or else haue a mourning in their hart that they cannot doe so . Coloss. 3. 17. Ephes ▪ 5. Sinne. 1 I● we goe on still in sinne , God will goe on still in iudgement : but if our hearts relent from sinne , God will release his sentence of punishment . 2 To a Courtier complaining of the occasions of euill , he said : Though you haue occasions of sinne offered , yet the cause of sinne is still in your selfe . 3 Because God worketh the sense of sinne by degrees in his children , he suspected them , who at euery sinne named , would shew themselues forthwith troubled . 4 Sinne is such a canker that it spreadeth secretly , and there is such a chaine of sinnes , that he that yeeldeth to one , draweth on another ; grant a little one , and a great one will follow : wherefore as it is good wisedome not onely to auoide the plague , but to eschewe euery little ragge that may seeme to carrie the plague : so it is heauenly wisedome not onely to auoide grosse sinnes , but all such shewes of sinnes , as may draw on the other . And as we count it pollicie , not to go as neere the riuers banke as we can , least suddenly ( or at vnawares we should slip in : so it is a spirituall policie , not to goe too neere sinne , least we be ouertaken of it before we be aware of it . 5 It is our corruption to be scrupulous in sinne , in the beginning : but when we are entred in a little , wee runne ouer head and eares . 6 This is a sure experience , whether the sinne which hath often assailed vs shall get dominion ouer vs or not : if the oftner we are tempted , the more we are grieued , the more we striue against it , the more we labour for the contrary vertue , we shall shortly be conquerors ouer it . But if the first comming of sinne wrought some griefe in vs , & the often comming of it , makes our griefe the lesse , and causeth vs to cease to vse the meanes of with standing it , and to be carelesse in the contrarie vertue , then it were to bee feared that that sinne in time should preuaile against vs , and that we should get no victory ouer it . 7 Though it is hard to find out our speciall sinnes , yet by often and diligent examining of our selues by earnest prayer , that God would reueale vnto vs our sinnes , by often hearing and reading the word , by marking the most checks of our consciences , and reproches of our enemies , we might be led to the neerest sight thereof . 8 If Gods children are readie to slip in a moment ; how much more dangerous is the estate of the wicked , who are willing to fall continuallie ? It is wonderfull to see a poore sinner ready to swound and fall dead almost at euery sinne , which a man would thinke to be nothing to feare him , or driue him to this feare ; and yet when aduersities , straunge iudgements , persecutions , and death doe come , to bee exceeding patient , comfortable , couragious , and valiant . And againe , it is strange to see others , who maruell that men will suffer themselues to be feared with sinnes , and aske what meane men to stand trembling at the word of God : yet let sicknes come , or if the hand of God be vpon them , or let death come towards them , they quake at the name of sicknes , death , or hell ; and either they proue very senslesse and blockish , or else they be in a most desperate estate : yea , if God begin to recken with them , euery countenance of a godly man , euery chirping of a bird , and drawing neere of the least and weakest creature towards them , euery shaking of a leafe , mouing of a shadow , euery noyse of the aire appaleth their courage , and maketh them most fearfull cowards . They feare most when Gods iudgements are executed , which feare least when they are threatned : And they feare least when Gods iudgements are accomplished , which tremble most when wrath is denounced . Wherefore if wee long for courage , and lothe cowardise , against the euill day , let vs labour for a good conscience , which breedeth true boldnes , and flie from sinne , which bringeth a spirite of feare vpon vs , as daily experience may teach vs. It is better to feare the euill to come , when only feare , and not euill is vpon vs , than to feare then , when besides the feare , the affliction it selfe is come , which so sorely besetteth vs , that wee haue no libertie or leaue to breathe for any comfort , or to hope for any deliuerance . 9 They that will haue a true faith in Christ must belieue in him , that he is our wisdome , righteousnes , sanctification , and redemption . Are then thy cogitations confounded ? Seest thou no knowledge , not so much as a literall knowledge of Christ , but all is doubtfulnes , all is dulnes , all is deadnes in thee , as though thou neuer knewest , heardest , readest , or learnedst any thing ? Now know and belieue , that whatsoeuer knowledge , experienced power of vnderstanding , was in Iesus Christ , the same is made thine ; hee is thine annoynting , that will teach thee all . Hast thou knowledge , and yet thy life not brought agreeable or proportionable to thy knowledge ? Thou art troubled with thy sinnes , thou feelest no goodnes , thou thinkest thy selfe as an euill tree voide of all good fruite : Now remember that as Christ being no sinner , was made of God a sinner , and punished of God as a sinner for thee : thou hauing no righteousnesse , art made through Christ righteous , and shalt be rewarded of God as righteous through him . It may be God hath enlightened thee with heauenly vnderstanding , he hath hitherto strengthened thy desire in giuing thee to walke vprightly ; but now thou art afraid thou shalt not perseuere , because of thy corruptions : thou tremblest to remember how many excelling thee in gifts and graces haue fallen away , and that all is but hypocrisie , thine owne heart thou thinkest will one day begu●le thee : now call to minde that Christ is made vnto thee holines , not as a new Moses to follow , but as a Messias to beleeue in , as the author and finisher , of thy holinesse ; so that to perseuere seemeth impossible to thee , yet with him it is possible : yea and more easie to continue thee in holinesse being begun , than to conuert Zacheus , Mathew , and Mary Magdalen , or to reconcile the Lambe and the Lion , & others which he hath surely done . There is one thing yet troubles thee ; thou hast many things promised thee , and thou thinkest they are not performed ; thou lookest for peace of thy minde , and behold a wound of the spirit ; thou art the heire of the whole earth , and yet pinched with pouertie ; thou art Lord of libertie , and yet liest in prison : it is so , and yet in all this see Christ is thy redemption , not suffring thee to be ouercome with any of these in this life , & freeing thee wholy from them in the life to come . Admit thou werst cruelly persecuted , cānot he that made the fire not to burne at all the three children in the furnace , make the fire so easily consume thee , as thou shalt comfortablie beare it ? Will not he that made the Lions being hungrie , not once to open their mouthes on Daniel , crush thee so greedily that thou shalt willingly sustaine it ? Now the meanes are the word , prayer , and Sacraments : the word carrieth the spirit of faith into thy heart ; prayer giueth thee a feeling of thy faith ; the Sacraments confirme both thy faith and feeling . 10 We must not be proud in our gifts , for God hath in iudgement giuen iudgement to many simple ones to spie vs out . If we confesse to God , we must frankly and freely bring our selues into the presence of God , and lay our hearts naked and b●re before him : we must not as harlots wipe our mouthes and say we haue offended , and yet fall into sinne againe : but with remorse of conscience acknowledge them , and with feare and reuerence leaue them . 11 Many thinke it to be easier to confesse their sinnes to God , than to acknowledge them vnto men : but it seemeth to be contrary : for he that refuseth to confesse his sinne before man , in whom is but a drop of the indignation against sinne , which is feareful in the Lord , will not willingly open them and strip them naked before the maiestie of God. And he that can frankly stand as a penitent before God and his Angels , he will not sticke to confesse his sinne before the face of men . Behold our father Adam whilest there was no man to feare him , the Lord commeth at the first to him by pricke of cōscience , he hideth himselfe with figtree leaues : to this pricke of conscience the Lord sendeth a voyce or a noise that is heard : Now not content with a few leaues , he goeth into the thicket of wood : at the length the Lord to draw him out of his hypocrisie , bringeth him into the plaine , & vrgeth him with substantial questions : he not able to hide himselfe any longer , hideth ●● sinne , and shifteth it off to Eua. Why doth the holy Ghost thus orderly & particularly set downe this matter , but to shew that though we haue a pricke of sinne by nature in part to confesse sinnes , yet nakedly to vncase thy sinnes before God , is a hard thing to flesh and blood , the Diuell lying by , prompting vs , that in so doing we shall bring our selues to despaire , we shall runne out of our wits , we shall kill our selues , and neuer liue merrie day againe ? In that notable Psalme of instruction , 32. we are taught , that then there is hope our sinnes are forgiuen , when God emptying our harts of all guile , we can be content freely to giue God the glorie , and to shame our selues before men . We see when his great affliction could not bring him to confesse his sinne , yet no comfort came to him , vntill by Gods grace he grew to this issue , that he reckoned vp the whole catalogue of his great sinnes : so hard a thing it is to confesse our sinnes before God. 12 It is our great corruption , being admonished or charged of sinne , we either denie it to be a sin , or we denie our selues to haue sinned in that sinne , or we quarrell and wrangle about the nature of sin , or else we coūtenance our selues by Scriptures , as the Familists do couer many iniquities , by making plaine places allegories ; or if we confesse , it is in great hypocrisie ; or if we confesse in some truth , yet we goe not out of the sinne . Howsoeuer Popish confession hath made a cloake for sinne , so as now a theefe on the gallowes ready to fall into the graue , & into hell both at once , will say , it is sufficient to confesse my sinnes vnto God , thogh I do not so vnto men : yet I say , there is no greater tokē of grace , than when for the glorie of God or good of the brethren , wee can be content to discouer and lay open our selues . If none of these excuses serue , then we can say , why , this is a common thing , I am not alone , better then I haue done so ; or else , such a one prouoked me to doe thus , or else I had not done it ; or else we are very fraile , and may not you sinne ? or was there euer any that sinned not ? Thus we are euen as daintie as Gentlewomen , who hauing a sore , which they are loth to haue esp●ed , will couer it till it be incurable ▪ so wee , hauing some sinnes , are loth to open them , vntill they growe almost vnrecouerable . 13 Euery man is afraide of this , least his sinne should breake out , yet euery one vseth the way of breaking out . Nothing more stayeth sinne , then to make it knowne in time . Nothing draweth it sooner forth , than too long to conceale it . It may be some will confesse some sinnes ; yea many sinnes , and yet hide the mother sinne , whose life if we continue , howsoeuer we may murther some of her broode , yet she will hatch new sinnes againe . 14 When thou art afraid thou shalt go out of thy wit , because thou fearest sinne ; when thou canst dispute and preach more fearfully against thy selfe , then all the preachers in the world : remember how Christ Iesus hauing no holines by the flesh , by being of his owne mother ( to the testification whereof it pleased him to be borne of such a one , whose progenitors were notable sinners , to keepe company with such as were the most miserable wretches , to call to the greatest dignitie in the Church , the prophanest tole ▪ gatherers , persecutors & worldlings ) hath giuen thee an holines vnperfect , & would not haue thee to looke for any great things in thy selfe , seeing hee hauing put on thy flesh , got no gaine thereby at all . It may be the multitude of thy sinnes trouble thee , & therefore thou thinkest , now it is hard to make thee an holy one . Consider how Mary Magdalene had seuen spirits , and yet of all women was made most deuout ; & after Christ his resurrection receiued greatest dignitie to see him first . It may be the great continuāce of thy sin troubles thee : remember how Christ called Matthew , who long time had weltered in worldlines . It may be the greatnes of thy sinnes feare thee : consider how the greatest persecutor of the Church was made of all other , the most glorious preacher of the Gospell . It may be thy sinnes drawne from thy countrey grieue thee : the Cretians were good Christians , and the filthy Corinthians , became most faithfull professors . It may be thine hereditarie sinnes by nature moue thee to despaire of helpe : consider , he that can so farre ouerrule nature , that the wolfe shall dwell with the Lambe , the Leopard lie with the kidde , Esai : 11. 5. 6. he can also change that course of nature in thee , by a supernaturall grace . And yet as I would haue thee to beware , so to trust in Christ his righteousnes , as thou forget not , he is also thine holines : and so to labour for thine holines in him , that thou forget not he is thy righteousnes : but so to labour for both , as if thou beest righteous , thou must also be holie : and being neuer so holie , yet to seeke for thy whole righteousnes before God in Christ onely . 15 Many feebled and exercised minds are often cast downe without hope of helpe , because of their owne vnworthines , as thogh there were no comfort to be obtained of God , vnlesse wee bring of our owne fruits to present him withall : but this were to discredit the Lords mercies , and to bring in credit our merites , and rather to binde the Lord to vs , than vs to him . But what meaneth this ? There is with the Lorde plentifull redemption : and therefore Israell need not to feare to finde mercie ; if our sinnes be great , our redemption is greater ; though our merits be beggarly , Gods mercie is a rich mercie . If our peril be not come euen to a desperate case , and that wee be as it were vtterly lost , and past hope of recouerie , there is no praise of redemption . Heere then is the power and profit of our redemption , that when all sinnes goe ouer our heads , and heauen and earth , the Sunne and Moone , and the Starres come as it were in iudgement against vs , yet a cleare and full raunsome shall be giuen into our hands , wherewith to purchase our redemption , and so to procure our perfect deliuerance beyond all expectation : and so as it were to fetch something out of nothing . We see for example , in sicknes to haue either little daunger , or in great daunger to haue deliuerance by present meanes , is nothing : but in extremitie and perill , when Physicke can doe no good , and make nothing for vs , to keepe vs from the graue , then aboue and beyond all this to be rescued therefro , and to recouer our life from the pits brinke , is a worke highly deseruing : So though God driuevs to ordinarie meanes , this is not to withdraw our redemption in vsing the meanes , but to traine vp our faith , that after hee may make knowne that he hath an helpe beyond all helpes , and much redemption . And this is needfull for vs to learne : for if the meanes be manie , we rest in them : but if they be fewe , and faint , the meditation of this redemption will be most comfortable . 15 It is an experiment of Gods Children , that by prayer sinnes receiue their deadly wound , and a temptation by resistance : yea , we shall finde it both sooner to depart , and to recompence the present and little paine , with an after and longer pleasure : and contrarywise the not resisting thereof , causeth it the further to feed in vs , and the small present pleasing of our selues , is payed with a long bitter griefe of conscience afterward . 16 If we will truely learne how to auoide sinnes , let vs remember oft what punishment we haue felt for sinne . If wee will be kept from vnthankfulnes , we must oft call to minde the things that the Lord hath done for his glorie , and our soules health in vs. Sicke , and sicknesse . 1 THis I take to be a fitte prescription to all parties afflicted : First , to labour to haue peace of consciēce , & ioy of the holy Ghost , through the assurance of their sinnes pardoned in Iesus Christ : then to be carefull to vse the meanes which may nourish their inward peace & ioy : thirdly , they must reioyce and recreate themselues in wisedome and well-doing with the Saints of God , and holie companie : and lastly , they must refresh themselues with kitchin physicke , and a thankefull vsing of the creatures of God. 2 It is not good to vse that for dyet , which is prescribed for physicke : for that will not worke in the extraordinarie neede of the bodie , which is vsed as ordinarie in the state and time of health . 3 He marked two things commonly neglected : he saw that men being in daunger of death , would bee prayed for in the Church , but they would not haue the Church giue thankes for their recouerie . Againe , hee saw that women would giue thankes after their deliuerance , which is a Christian dutie well beseeming them , but they would not before aske the prayers of the Church . And seeing it is so rare a blessing to haue the fruit of the wombe , seeing sometime the mother , sometime the children , sometimes both died : and that the gift of both is a worke passing the Sunne , the Moone , and the Starres : it were nothing superfluous or burdensome in such cases to pray and to be thankfull . 4 It is the wisedome of God ioyned with mercie , for the preseruing of his Children , in humility and thankfulnes ( if they forget to spie out , and to be humbled for their inward corruptions ) either to let them fall into some sinne , to punish their pride , and sway of their owne wit , or else ( which is his more mercifull chastisement ) to breake them with some crosse , vntill their harts be bruised . Hereof it commeth that the Lord is constrained to correct our haughtines , and coole our courage by some kinde of affliction , because we are ready to breake out in time of prosperitie . Wherefore to cut off the occasions of sinne , which Sathan would finde out in our proude flesh , after long time of health , the Lord sendeth some sicknes , or some weaknes vpon vs , to cut short our hornes , wherewith by reason of long wealth , wee would ( like Buls of Ba●an ) push at the godly ; the Lord sendeth fire , theeues , and oppressions to let vs bloud in our riches , least wee should ●e too rancke , and grow into a surfet . The best way in the middest of our prosperitie is , to labour to thinke wisely and lowly of our selues : and to walke fearfully , as being now most jealous ouer this our corrupt nature , which least feareth , when Gods graces are greatest : and namely , as of all blessings this is one of the greatest , ●uen in abundance , health , credit , and authoritie , to carrie as humble and meeke an heart , and faithfull a spirit , as wee would or ought to haue , euen when we come out of some affliction : So this of all the plagues is the greatest , to be pricked , and not to feele ; to be striken , and not to be humbled for it . And yet it is no great commendation to bee made better by affliction : But this is the praise of godlinesse , to grow on more in prosperitie , then , not to forsake our first loue ; then , to enter into a lowly conceit of our selues : for as it is a signe of a more liberall and ingenuous nature , to learne more by lenitie , than by seueritie ; or if he slip , to recouer himselfe as carefully at the sight of another corrected before him , as if he were beaten himselfe : So it is a token of a minde more reformed to haue a bruifed minde rather with the ●aste of Gods mercies , than with the terror of his iustice ; or if he see but an inckling of Gods displeasure breeding , as much to strike his heart , as if the heauie hands of a fearefull scourge were vpon him . And here we must beware that we lose not the fruite of the least crosse : for if we breake not our hearts with a little affliction , we shall afterwards become blockish in greater . Wherefore seeing it is a token of a melting heart to bleed at the least blow ; and it is a signe of a senselesse minde , not to be touched vntill the sword hath tasted deeply of our blood : let vs pray for the first grace of Gods children , not to neede to be corrected ; or for the second , to be the better by the least correction ; or at the least , that the Lord let vs not goe so farre , as neither prosperitie nor aduersitie can doe vs good . Sathans practises . 1 SAthan is readie euer to make vs most vnwilling to that , wherein the Lord will most vse vs to the greatest good of his Church . 2 We must pray that the Lord giue not that measure of leaue to the diuell that we giue out to sinne : but that he would rather make Sathan a surgeon to shew vs our sinnes , than a sergeant to arrest vs to perpetuall imprisonment for our sinnes . 3 Sathan hath two waies to buffet vs : first , he moueth to despaire , shewing vs how such men did abide trouble , but they were rare men , of rare faith , of rare feeling , of rare patience ; God hath not called vs to that measure of grace ; we are vnworthie by reason of our sinnes , to hope for the like faith or fruites of faith . His other temptation sauours of pride , when he will make vs equall in dignitie with the highest of Gods Saints , but vnequall in dutie with them : then he will perswade that God is as good , and as strong to vs , as he hath been to others : but he keeps vs from vsing those waies and meanes , whereby others haue , and we ought to haue this goodnesse and power of God conueyed into vs. Wherefore as we must not distr●st God that we shall obtaine the like mercie with others , if we vse the like meanes : so we must not be so bold , as to dreame that euer we shall haue the like fauour with them , vnlesse we labour for the like faith with them , the like faith I say , though not in quantitie , ●●●● . qualitie , and that by vse of the meanes . 4 Vnto one that said he was possest of a Diuell : he answered , as hoping that he was the childe of God , and rather deluded than so afflicted . True it is , that as much as lieth in you , you haue giue● ouer your selfe vnto the Diuell : but it is not in your power to giue ouer your selfe vnto him , neither is it in his iurisdiction to possesse you . Superstition . 1 MAny hauing escaped out of the gulfe of superstition , are too deepe plunged in prophanenes . Strange corrections . 1 VNto a very godly man , whose onely sonne was drowned , and therfore came vnto him in great anguish of minde , and asked whether such strange corrections were not alwaies tokens of strange sinnes . He answered , That albeit God did seuerely correct sinne in it , yet it was not necessarie that God should chiefly respect the punishment of sinne in this thing ; as might appeare in the like dealing with Iob and other of his children : Eccl. 9. Such things happen oftner to the good , &c. Howbeit ( said he ) God might correct your securitie herein ( which either brings some sinne or crosse ) or God might correct your immoderate loue of him ; or your vnthankfulnes for what measure he was reformed , or your not praying for him : or the Lord might take away this consolation , and withdraw wholie your minde from the world , and more throughly sanctifie you to himselfe . Or he might preuent some worldlinesse which you might haue fallen into , or some sinne which your sonne might haue fallen into , which would haue been a sorer trouble than his death : and therefore you must stay your selfe on the loue of God in all . Saluation . 1 THat man is blest whom God hath from all beginnings chosen to eternall life . To whom God hath giuen his Christ as a perfect redeemer . In whō he hath sealed the assurance of ●l those things by his holy spirit ; to whom he hath giuen his word ; in whom the word and spirit haue begot faith ; by whose power faith hath begotten ioyes in heauenly things ; in whom ioy hath wrought a sincere heart to please God ; in whom sinceritie is accompanied with loue vnfained to the Lord and his Saints ; loue ioyned with a care to obey the commandements ; this care breeding a reuerent feare to please God ; in whom this godly feare rebuketh sinne ; th● rebuking of sin worketh a mourning spirit ; in whom a mourning spirit begetteth true meekenes , this meekenes of minde causing vs to hunger after Christ. So as feeling his owne miserie , he is taught to shew mercie vnto others , and so sheweth mercie as it is with the bowels of compassion ; whose heart God so gouerning , that all outward benefits turne to his blessing , as seales of the fauour of God ; vnto whom all crosses being sanctified in Christ , turne to his good : who finally in this faith and fruites of faith , meekely and patiently possessing his soule , waiteth and looketh assuredly for the glorious kingdome of God after this life . This is the golden chaine of vndoubted blessednesse , whose linckes are so fastened the one in the other , that wheresoeuer any of them be wanting , there is a breach and weakenes made in the whole . To make speede to good things . 1 AS it is a fearefull thing to hasten to doe euill , and to linger to an euill thing is an holy lingring : so it is a blessed thing to hasten to godlinesse , and to make speede to a good thing , is a hastines very godly , Psal. 42. Psal. 95. Elisha must not salute any body in the way : the Apostles must not commune with any in their iourney , and why ? They must make haste to doe the will of God. It is profitable to make haste to heauen ; but it is no wisedome to make haste to hell : and yet to doe well , we finde a Lion in the streetes ; but to doe euil , nothing can stay vs He that euil come to heauen must make haste : for the kingdome of God * must be taken violently : he must be like those wise virgins not linge●ing to get oyle , nor delaying ●o furnish themselues with the graces of God against the comming of Christ. Sleepe . 1 BEcause great naturall and worldly sorrow and ioy will cause a man to breake his sleepe at midnight , he ●ould trie himselfe whether sorrow for sinne , and ioy in saluation had caused him to doe the like . Sermons . 1 MAny men may be said to be Sermon-sick , as there are some said to be Sea-sick : for as they that are Sea-sicke , for the time of their seafaring , so long as they be on the water are feeble stomacked , faint hear●ed , euer readie to die : and yet arriuing on the land , being gotten out of the ship , and hauing paused some little time , doe begin to forget their late troubles , and to recouer their former strength againe : So many , so long as they are in the Church hearing , and are tossed by the power of the word , their hearts are sicke , their consciences melt , they are much troubled : but when once the voyce ceaseth , and they are out of the Church doores , and haue acquainted themselues with the aire of the world , they forget what they heard , and wherewith they were moued , and so retire to their former life againe . Schisme . 1 ALthough it is sure that a good man shall not finally fall in the maine points of his saluation , yet hee may be seduced in some lesse matters , but for all that in the end he shall escape : but the seducer shall surely be punished . For a well meaning man found in faith , and yet a nouice in Christ , may be carried to like some solemne superstitions , and po●pous ceremonies in the worship of God. Againe , a man careful and right in the substance of saluation , for the remnants of corruptions & defects of good things , may easily be drawne of a malicious man to cut off himselfe from the Church , not being able to discerne betweene essentiall and accidentall , betweene the principall and inferiour points , which make or destroy a Church , that is , which cannot iudge how , the substantial ground workes remaining , there is a Church , though there be otherwise some accidentall things wanting . If any man not so much intending this mans good , as to feede his owne ambition , pride , stomacke or vaine glory , shal carrie such a one to such superstitions or schismes , he by his euill heart intending to hinder the truth , and to destroy the temple of God , the Lord shall destroy him , and he shall either grow prophane or worldly , or he shall be cut off by death , or beare some other token of Gods wrath . And because of a singularitie of spirit , such men with an euill conscience disturbe the Church , they may grow from error to heresies , from precisenesse to prophannesse , from strictnes to madnes , not being content to be corrupted , but seeking to corrupt . Howbeit , the man of infirmities and for want of iudgement going in an high path , shall in the end inherit good things and be saued , but as by fire . The true suruay and examination of our selues . 1 VVHen we examine ourselues , we are to sit in iudgement ouer our selues , and to keepe a solemne court in our owne consciences , to suruay our manners : our wits , our senses , our members , and to see how we haue vsed them : but yet least we should be too fauourable to our selues , either in not espying out our sinnes , or in not cōdemning our sinnes , still we remember to make the law our iudge , but Christ the answerer of the iudge . The motions of the spirit of God in vs. 1 IT is a good thing to make much of a tender conscience , and to nourish the motions of Gods spirit , and not to offer any violence to that spirit of grace , which rebuketh sinne i● vs : for he that hath once crackt his credit , will happily care for nothing : she that hath once bruised her virginitie , will by all likelihoods proue an old harlot . It is daungerous to burie the checkes of our conscience , to fight against Gods spirit , or to ●mother the light of grace in vs : for so we may grow to such a sottishnes in sinne , that no admonition can forewarne vs , nor punishment can affray vs : the smallest meanes will prouoke vs to sinne , the greatest meanes cannot reuoke vs from sinne . For suffering our selues to be hardned by degrees , the spirit is so quickly quenched , the conscience so tender is so soone bruised , that it is no maruell though we vse so great precisenesse and warinesse in so tender a matter , by suspecting the retire of old sinnes , and by foreseeing the assaults of new sinnes . Euill spirits . 1 HE obserued the difference of superstition and true religion in many things , and namely , how the diuell whilest he was made knowne to men onely by hornes , by clawes , or by an hollow voyce , was wonderfully feared ; but now being reuealed to be a more secret aduersarie , a spirituall tempter , a priuie ouerthrower of the soule , no man almost regards him : and therefore as some haue feared him too superstitiously ; so now it is come to a more dangerous extremitie , that he is not feared at all : and which is more , we cannot truly beleeue the gracious helpe of Gods holy Angels , but seeke after Satans practises He marked , that good men and learned , did much omit this in their prayers , that God would send his Angels to them to deliuer them from euill spirits . Temptations . 1 EVery man is that indeed that he is in temptation . 2 The faithfull shall not be tempted aboue their strength , but with the increase of temptation the Lord will increase our faith : or with the decrease of our faith he will decrease our temptation . 3 Gods children haue their faith so tried by the crosse , as alwaies some drosse of sinne is purged away thereby . As Iacob ceased not to wrestle though his thigh were ●●●●●d , till he got the blessing : so we must not faint in temptation though we be humbled , til we get the victorie . We must not despayre of victorie , because in our striuing we had some infirmities ; but rather we must reioyce in this , that God hath giuen vs a will and a desire to cleaue vnto him . 4 It is a great fault in time of temptation not to resist those corruptions , which after our temptation is ouer , we are ashamed of , and time it selfe resisteth them . 5 Outward temptations doe not hurt till our inward corruption doth yeeld : but rather they are as Surgeons to draw out our festered corruptions . 6 Long and strange temptations may betoken long and strange sinnes . 7 Gods seruants being tempted , are not so much to looke at their state present , as on their estate to come : because they that presently sow in teares , in time to come shall reape in ioy . 8 He said , that when a great temptation hangeth long vpon vs , it were good to seeke for some speciall sinnes in vs , because that we shall finde that for some priuie pride , or vnthankfulnes , or such like , a tēptation remaineth long with vs. There is a a traine of corruption in vs , and God often punisheth one sinne with another ; which if we espie not , but looke onely to the grosser sinnes , we shall hardly be brought to humble our soules vnderneath the hand of God , or to profit by the admonition of others . Againe , we must auoide all occasions of drawing on sinne , and vse ruery principall meanes at the least that helpeth against sinne For although we shunne all occasions , and vse many meanes , and omit but one of the chiefest , God may correct that one omission in vs. 9 He thought it to be a Christian d●scretion neuer to vtter a temptation , but when a man had no comfort in himselfe , or when he stood in very great neede of comfort , and then alwaies to discerne to whom he opened it . 10 Subtiltie and violence are vsually attendant vpon the temptations of the diuell and the flesh : the diuell especially vsing these two . 11 Vnto one that was much tempted with vnbeleefe , he gaue this counsell : When the temptation commeth , either fall downe in prayer , and say , Lord thou makest me to possesse the sinnes of my youth , and this temptation is of very equitie : howbeit , oh Lord , grant I may by wisedome herein , make this temptation an holy instruction , and suffer me to possesse my soule in patience : oh turne this ●o thy glorie and my saluation . I see and confesse what hath beene in me a long time , by that which now sheweth it selfe in me , and that thy grace ●ath altogether hitherto kept vnder this corruption : yet Lord I beleeue , and yet Lord I will beleeue , helpe Lord my vnbeleefe , thy name be praised for this seale of thy loue , and pledge of thy spirit ; that in this vnbeleefe I am grieued , as in my beleefe I am wont to be comforted . And though my former old and secret sinnes , descrue that I should not only be giuen ouer to infidelitie , but also that it should be in me without griefe and remorse , ●et Lord forgiue me my sinnes new and old , forgiue me my vnthankfulnes , increase my f●ith . And gr●●t good father , when thou shalt restore to me this gift of faith againe , that I may vse it in feare , and shew it in fruites . Or if this doe not preuaile , giue your selfe with all humblenes to reade the word of God , especially his promises , and be still attending vpon the meanes , waiting when the Lord shall in large your heart . Or if this do not helpe , goe to some faithfull brother , confesse your selfe to him , acknowledge your weakenes to him , and be not ashamed to giue God the glorie , by shaming your selfe , and opening your corruption to him , that so he may pray for you , whose prayer according to the promise of God , made to his holy ordinance herein , Iames. 5 vndoubtedly shall be heard in the appointed time . Thus hauing prayed by yourselfe , and with another , and vsed the meanes of reading for your recouerie , though you haue not present reliefe : yet in meekenes of minde , and patience of your spirit , goe to your calling , knowing that your prayers and the word of God , being as seede , must haue some time betweene the sowing of them , and the reaping of the increase and fruit of them . Aboue all , reason not with your temptations , dispute not with the diuell , as though you could preuaile of your selfe . And as I would not you should dispute with your temptation , so I would not you should despise it , and make no account of it : for in both are extremities . If you take it too much to heart , or maruell how you should ouercome such a temptation , it will make you dull or desperate . If you account of it too little , and maruell how such things should come into your head , which was not wont to be so , it will make you not to striue , and you shall be swallowed vp before you be aware . If you account of it too fearefully , Sathan will oppresse you before you begin to fight . If you account of it too lightly , the diuell needes not to wrestle with you , you will ouercome your selfe : therefore feare in respect of your selfe , fight boldly in Christ , tremble at your owne corruptions , but rest and trust in Christ your saluation . If still you are tempted and no body by you , write your temptation , and offer it to God by prayer , and promise to him that you will aske counsell at his word , at the mouth of his minister , when he shall giue you iust occasion . If all this helpe not , comfort your selfe with this pledge of Election , that you are ioyed when you feele your beleefe , and you are grieued least you displease God by your vnbeleefe : and know , that as there is a vicissitude of the meanes of saluation , which you must vse ; so there is also a vicissitude of temptations , whereof this is one , against which you must striue . 12 Vnto one that was tempted with worldly shame , and thought the distemperature of his minde proceeded thereof , he said on this sort : First know , that Sathan hath no absolute power , but a power by permission to trie vs : against which we must arme our selues ly faith ; which will assure vs , that either the Lord will mittigate our temptation , if our power and patience be not great : or else , if he ●●large the triall , he will increase our strength according to the proportion of our temptation . We must also pray , that the Lord giue not out that measure of leaue to the diuell , which we giue out to sinne , to worke rebellion in vs against his maiestie : but that he would rather make Sathan a Chirurgion to shew vs our sinnes , than a Sergeant to cōfound vs for them . It is the pollicie of the aduersarie , to perswade many that the weakenes of their body , and feeblenes of their braine proceedeth of their temptations ; when indeed it commeth of their vnstained mindes , wandring too much after the motions of the diuell , in that they not resting on the word , nor depending on Christ , nor contenting themselues to be tried , nor comforting themselues by meditation , attend too much , and confer too often with the diuels illusions and temptations , and so they complaine of the effects , and not of the causes of the temptations , being more grieued for their present sufferings , than for their sinnes past . The roote of this worldly shame , is pride , and haughtines of mind , which is a priuie euill , and hardly will be beaten into the head of them that are infected with it . But sure it is that we would neuer be so grieued for the losse of a thing , if we did not too much desire it , and too immoderatly vse it , whilest we had it , Ioh. 12. 42. Which sinne of haughtines , the Lord seeing in his children , that they are more humbled with the losse of worldly credit , than with the sense of their sinnes , and losse of his glorie ; he striketh them with the want of that thing which is most precious vnto them , because they made no conscience of that honour which is most pr●cious vnto him . Wherefore this is the best remedie , rather to be grieued that we feele not our sinnes to be pardoned with God , than that we are knowne to be sinners against men : and that we be readie to shame ourselues , that God may haue the glorie , acknowledging shame and confusion , and the whole pit of hellish temptations to be due vnto vs ; and glorie , praise and compassion , to be the Lords only . For this is a speciall worke of the child of God , by temptations rightly humbled , when he is readie to shame himselfe for his sinne , to glorifie God in his mercie . 13 Vnto one that thought himselfe to haue sinned against the holy Ghost , he said : Sathans temptations follow our affections : for if we lightly account of sinne , he bleares our eyes still with Gods mercies . If we begin to make a conscience of sinne , he loadeth vs with the iudgements of God , being as readie now to aggrauate this sinne , more than it is in it selfe , as before he would extenuate it to make it seeme lesse than it was . Howbeit ( said he to the man thus afflicted ) I will say vnto you , as Samuel said to the people , after they had confessed themselues to haue sinned against God with a great sinne : True it is , said Samuel , ( not flattering them in their iniquities ) ye haue sinned greatly : notwithstanding , if ye will feare the Lord and serue him , and heare his voyce , and not disobey the word of the Lord , ye shall follow the Lord your God : but if ye will not obey the voyce of the Lord , but disobey the Lords mouth , then shall the hand of the Lord be vpon you , 1. Sam. 12. 14. So I will not les●en your sinne , but I say you haue sinned a great sinne before the Lord , in that you made a mocke of the word which you knew : yet if you turne to the Lord in feare & serue him , your sinne is remissible , howsoeuer Sathan chargeth your conscience , in that you haue done euill against your owne knowledge , and in that you are afraide , least that sinne be in you , and would reioyce in God if it were not in you : if you purpose to leaue your former sinnes , and in truth to turne vnto the Lord , I dare assure you , that as yet you are free from that sinne . 14 When a maide was so sore troubled , that two or three held her in her fit : he charged her in the name of the Lord Iesus Christ , that when the agonie came , she should not willingly yeeld to it , but in the Lord resist it . For both experience teacheth , that the ouer much fearing of temptation before it commeth , and little purpose to resist it when it commeth , mightily incourageth Sathan : and also the holy Ghost biddeth vs to resist the diuell , and he will flie from vs ; to draw neere to God , and he will draw neere to vs. And the maide was neuer after afflicted . Thankesgiuing . 1 OF all sacrifices , most acceptable is that of thanksgiuing : and therefore , in many words the Saints of God haue vowed , and entred into bands with the Lord to pay this oblation , bo●h to preuent the vntowardnes of nature , which is so vnwilling to this , as also to shame themselues more if happily they grow herein negligent : in which repetition of their vowes and promises ( which argueth the great desire of their hearts : for looke what one delighteth in , he often speaketh of it , and in many words ) they declare , that as euen in things agreeable to nature , we will helpe our delight by often speaking and repeating of them : so much more this helpe is requisite in things aboue nature , & among all the parts of godlines which are aboue nature , and chiefly in thanksgiuing , which is most contrarie to nature : for we will pray often for a thing , but hardly giue thankes once . And yet experience proueth in ciuill things , that of all arguments to perswade one to giue vs a gift , none is more eloquent or forcible , than to promise our selues to be thankfull and mindfull for that we shall receiue . 2 It is our common corruption , that the immoderate griefe of euils present , stealeth from vs all the remembrance of former benefits , and all thankfulnes for them . Vnbeleefe . 1 HE gaue this aduice to one , that when he felt mistrust of Gods promises , he should set before him the examples of Gods mercies done to others , that we may be the more assured to obtaine faith : and when he began to presume , he should set before him the examples of Gods iudgements , that he might pray for humilitie . 2 He said to a godly Christian , much inueighing against her vnbeleefe ; I doe not now suspect your estate , when you seeme to me rather to haue faith , than when you seeme to your selfe to haue it . For faith being the gift of God , is then most obtained and increased of God , when you thirsting after the increase of present feeling , thinke the smallest measure obtained to be no faith : and therefore be yet humbled vnder the mightie and mercifull hand of God for it . Rather I suspect you when you say you haue faith , because then you can lesse feare & suspect your selfe , and by that meanes lie open to vnbeleefe againe . And surely experience proueth , that when we shew we haue beleefe , when we mourne for our vnbeleefe , and then our faith may be least , when we thinke it to be most . Besides , herein you are to comfort your selfe with hope of increase of faith , because faith groweth by these two meanes , either by some great feelings , by the word and the spirit , and humble thanksgiuing joyned thereunto : or else by humbling our selues before the mercie seate of God for want of our faith . Vngodlines . 1 WE may not goe to see vngodlines , to breede a great detestation of it in vs. For first , in respect of our selues in so doing , & presuming on a thing not warranted , it is the iust iudgement of God , that we should learne to fall into that sin , whereof before we were ignorant , because naturally we are inclined to such an action ▪ Secondly , in respect of our brethren it is vnlawfull : for if they be strong , we offend them ; if they be weake , we misleade them . Thirdly , in regard of Gods glorie it is vnlawfull : for such should be our zeale thereunto , ( if not hauing heroicall spirits , by the motions of Gods spirit to speake against it ) that we should not ouersee such a thing . Dan. 3. 15. Vse of the creatures . 1 AS naturall men vse Gods creatures to stirre vp a naturall comfort : so spirituall men should vse them to procure some spirituall comfort , and to stirre vp godly ioyes and fruitfull meditations in themselues : for as Satan seeing men of a sanguine complexion and sanctified , laboureth to mixe with their spirituall ioy a carnall i●y : so seeing some of a melancholie complexion sanctified , to haue spirituall sorrowes , he bestirreth himselfe to bring vpon them carnall sorrowes . Vnthankfulnes . 1 HE would say , I feare not the time of the visitation of them , that thereby doe grow in the gifts & graces of God : but rather I feare the time of their deliuerance , least it should be ouertaken with vnthankfulnes ; and so wofully they should lose the fruite of that good , which so dearely they had purchased of the Lord. Visions . 1 BEing asked if there might now be visions agreeable to the word , he said : They might be extraordinarie , but not to be credited but for the words sake : and who so is moued with them , and not with the word , wherewith a man is charged to be moued , and is not drawne the more by the vision to the true meanes , that mans faith is suspitious . And as visions haue beene ordinarie , and preaching extraordinarie : so now preaching is ordinarie , and visions extraordinarie . But if you obiect that the visions be true : he said , Sathan will speake truth , and keepe touch twice or thrice in lesse matters , to get vs in the lu●ch in greater matters , and at length in some contrarie to the word of God. Of Vsurie . 1 VSurie is the diuels Alchymistrie to turne siluer into golde ; it is lucre by lending , and they that vse it be a gracious kinde of theeues ; it is a sinne that hath many aduocates & patrons . But to whom may this be vsed ? Men are either poore , meane , or rich : to the poore giue freely , to the meane lend freely , of the rich take vsurie . The Lord was neuer the author of this diuision . Aristotle by the very light of reason , saw that it was a monstrous thing , for money to beget money , but Gods law goeth further , Leuit. 25 36. Deu. 5. 19. Againe , the Iewe of a Iewe might not take interest , but the linke of a Christian is neerer than of a Countrie : their brother-hood was but by Countrie onely , ours by redemption . Indeed recompence is to be made , where the thing is the worse for the vsing that is lent , Exod. 21. 14. but money for the lending is not worse , Ergo nothing to be taken for the lending of it . No member is permitted but that which directeth others in their callings , as the eye , or labours , being directed , as the hand : so is it , or ought to be in our vocations : then the Vsurer doing neither , is not to be permitted . 2 A certaine man that was an Vsurer , asking him how with a good conscience he might vse his money , he said : Occupie it in some trade of life , and when you can lend to the poore , do it freely & willingly , and that you may henceforth labour as well against couetousnes in occupying that trade , as before you desired to striue against vsury : especially vse prayer , the word of God , and the companie and conference of his children : and whatsoeuer you get by lawfull gaine , giue euermore the tenth to the poore . Word of God and the hearing of it . 1 EVermore be musing , reading , hearing , and talking of Gods word , and praying , that we may keepe the puritie of doctrine and a good conscience , to wade out of the iniquitie of the time , and to doe good as long as we may . 2 If you desire to heare the word with profit , obserue these things . Before you goe to Church humble your selfe in prayer to God , that he may prepare your vnderstanding and affection to learne , and memorie to retaine , and that the preacher may speake to your consciences . After in hearing with some short prayer , applie the seuerall threatnings , promises and instructions , to your owne estate : when you are come home from hearing , change all that you remember into a prayer , and desire God that you may remember it most , when you should practise it , and vse to teach others , and to conferre of all things remembred . And this is a good way to remember a thing , and the reason of it . 3 As the Lord doth feede poore prisoners , euen with a little foode , who though they desire more foo●e , can haue no more , and doe not refuse more ordinarie meanes ; and the same God suffereth many to be pined , who hauing abundance , thinke themselues rather cloyed with the meanes , than nourished by Gods prouidence : so the Lord extraordinarily doth nourish the soules of them , who hauing few meanes , doe looke for the ordinarie meanes more plentifully : and suffereth some to rot in ignorance , who being at the full measure of the meanes , haue no reuerent regard of the necessitie of them . And hereof it commeth to passe , that some hungrie soules haue beene filled with more grace at one sermon , than the proud , who hauing heard many sermons , are sent emptie away . Witchcraft . 1 SEnding his friend to one that thought her selfe bewitched , he gaue these aduertisements : First and chiefly to beware of sending to Wizards . Secondly , to vse prayer that Sathan might be confounded . Thirdly , to labour to bring the person to repe●t for sinne , because God permitteth such things to be done , either to correct some euill , or to trie our faith . Lastly , to perswade the partie to waite for the time of deliuerance , though it were long before it came : because hauing repented for sinne , yet the Lord will defe●e health to make a further triall of vs : whether we will still trust in his helpe , or flie to vnlawfull meanes . 2 One asking what he thought of Fayries : he answered , he thought they were spirits : but he distinguished betweene them and other spirits , as commonly men distinguish betweene * good witches and bad witches . Worship of God. 1 IT is good to take vp the oportunitie of the morning for the worship of God. For first , who so will see the image of his heart , he shall by obseruing his first thoughts in the morning come to some light of it . Againe , of all times it is most fit to doe any thing in , and we , by reason of the alacritie which commeth vpon vs after our rest , are most fit to do any thing in it . Besides , if we be seriously minded on good things in the morning , other vile thoughts shall the more feeb●y fasten on vs all the day after . And againe , delay the morning , with suffering worldly thoughts to seaze on vs , and our minde will be so forestalled with them , that we cannot easily and roundly gather vp our affections afterwards to Gods worship . For this is a sure note , that he which consecrateth in truth the first fruits of the day to the Lord , & shu●teth vp the day with sacrificing to him ; if he haue any sin falling on him in the day time , he is checked , either with his first morning sacrifice , because he hath not done as he prayed , and promised vnto the Lord : or he is controuled by the euening and latter sacrifice , in that a feare and shame of his sinne , makes him appalled to come into the presence of God. World. 1 VVHen two gentlemen ride a hunting , it is hard to discerne each others hounds , because they be mingled together , which afterward is more easily done when the hunters are seuered : Euen so , so long as Gods children and worldlings walke as it were together , it is hard to distinguish betweene the heires of the one and of the other : but when they are seuered by persecution , it will surely be seene who be the children of God , and who be the heires ●f the world . Word preached . 1 MAny come to prayer , and of custome resort to the Sacraments , who either do not at all heare the word preached ; or else they heare at their leisure ; or else they do it bu● in ceremonie without vnderstanding ; or if they doe vnderstand it , they doe not practise it ; or if they practise it , it is done coldly , and not in power , and yet their owne practise in some things is somewhat strange . They will graunt that to come to the Sacrament requireth a more solemne preparation : and yet they dare boldly aduenture on prayer and on hearing of the word , without any preparation at all . But certainly as the abuse of the Sacrament bringeth iudgement ; so the abuse of prayer and the word wil procure it : for as the prayer of faith is a sweet oblation to the Lord ; so the prayer of the vnbeleeuer is an abomination to the Lord. We must not onely bring the eare of vnderstanding , but we must also bring the eare of remembrance , and of practise , and beware that the word by little and little waxe not lesse pretious vnto vs , as honey to the mouth that is satisfied . And this is sure , when & how much the word preached doth preuaile , so much our prayers & sacrifices do preuaile : looke how much the word preached doth profit , so much doe we profit in prayer , and in the Sacraments . And whensoeuer our delights in the word waxe faint , our prayers and all good exercises are like shortly to decay . Prayer bringeth a feeling , and the Sacraments a more confirming of that which we haue in the word . We must beware therefore that we be not too quiet in sinne , that we please not our selues in a generall good , and in a perswasion we haue heard enough , but still let vs labour for the word : for I dare say that all our power in prayer commeth from the word , euen as the life that is in a tree is inuisible , and yet by the fruites comming out in due season is discerned of all : and as the life of a childe is a thing not seene , but by mouing , going and feeling is easily perceiued ; so the life of faith is a thing very secret , and yet by the effects of it at one time or other is discerned of good men . There may seeme to be workes , and yet not faith ; and there may be faith , and yet not workes by and by following . Many men thinke the word now preached not to be the right word , because few men are brought to the obedience of God by so long preaching of it . But we must rather reason the contrarie : this is a sure note it is the true word , because it is so much refused , and men are made the worse by abusing the word : which as it would make them better , and doth make better all that obey ; so it maketh worse all that doe not receiue it in loue , that they may be saued ▪ 2. Thess. 2. 11. AN OTHER ADDITION OF AN HVNDRED GRAVE COVNSELS OR DIVINE APHORISMES . IF you desire to heare the word with profit , obserue these things : before you goe to the Church , humble your selfe in prayer to God , that he may prepare your vnderstanding , affection , and memorie to receiue : and that the Preacher may speake to your conscience : after in hearing with some short prayer , applie the seuerall threatnings , promises , and instructions to your owne estate : when you are come home from hearing , change all that you remember into prayer , and desire God that you may remember it most , when you should practise it : and vse to teach others , and to conferre of the things remembred : it is a good way to remember a thing , diligently , to remember the reason of it . 2 The cause why our meditations and prayers are no stronger in the night , is because we ioyne not with meditation the examination of our hearts vpon our beds : which if we did in some truth , it would keep vs from drowsinesse , & want of reuerence in our prayers , as well as worldly men are kept waking by thinking of worldly matters . Here we are taught by Dauids example , when we want the more solemne and glorious meanes in dignitie , to make a supplie by often and sincere vsing of such priuate meanes as we can . 3 It is better to offer a voluntarie and free sacrifice in respect of Gods mercie , as doe the Angels , than a violent and constrained obedience , as doe the Diuels And this dare● say , that though the fearefull pronouncing of the curse , the wrath , the iudgement of God be fearefull in the law , yet the denouncing of our separation from Gods kingdome , of the gnawing worme , of the second death , is farre more fearefull in the Gospell , which by how much it is the more proper seate and treasurie of Gods mercies , so when thundrings and lightnings doe proceede from thence , they are the more piercing . 4 Two notes to discerne good Christians from hypocrites . First , whether they complaine of their owne wants and corruptions . Secondly , whether they speake with griefe and compassion of the infirmities of others . 5 To one that seemed scrupulous in wearing the Surplice and Cap , and notwithstanding stood in neede of greater things ; he said : As I will not for all the world aduise you ●o weare them ; so I would counsell you to be well grounded ere you leaue them , least you shaking them off , ●ather of light affection than of sound iudgement , afterward take them againe to your great shame and the offence of others . 6 The greater gifts we haue , the flesh is the prouder , and Sathan the readier to assault vs. 7 The Church is to feare and expect some notable affliction , when long ease and prosperitie haue bred either superstition or prophanenesse . 8 Thinke not with thy selfe , if I were in such a place , if I were in such a calling , or if it were such a time , if I had obtained such a thing , or if such a trouble were past , then I would serue God , then I would take another course : though the time were changed , and these things changed , yet if thy minde were not chaunged , thou wouldest be of the same opinion still ; and though these lets were r●moued , yet the diuell would put more great impediments into thy minde to hinder thee still , but redeeme the time present , doe good while thou mayest : serue God to day , for who knowes whether thou shalt liue till to morrow . God hath left to man the time past to repent of it , and the time present to consider of it , but the time to come hee hath wholly taken to himselfe , to dispose of it . Thou maist imagine the time to come ; but if thou hast beene deceiued in the time past , art deceiued of the time present , much more thou shalt be deceiued of the time to come . Say not then I will doe such a thing , and such a thing hereafter ; doe something now ; for art thou a Papist ? Hast thou free will ? If thou finde thy selfe vnfit now , thou shalt find thy selfe more vnfit hereafter : if there be manie occasions to hinder thee now , there will bee moe occasions to hinder thee hereafter . 9 The persons afflicted are either the reprobate , or Gods elect , the children of wrath , or the children of God. The afflictions of the reprobate are the punishments of their sinnes : here they suffer some , in hell they shall suffer all torments ; here for a time , there for euer ; here a little , there vnmeasurable . Gods children are either his children onely by election , and not by effectuall vocation : or else such as are called in Christ. The affliction of Gods children not effectually called , are the punishments of sinne : God will haue them vnder the rigor of his iustice , to make them meet to receiue the grace of his mercy . Gods children not onely by election , but also by effectuall vocation , are of two sorts : they are either such as are not sufficiently called , which are more out of Christ then in Christ , or else they are sufficiently called , in whome Christ liueth . Againe , those that are not sufficiently in Christ , which are more carnall than spirituall , are of two sorts , they are either babes in Christ , in whome there hath bene no more working of the spirit ; or such as haue had a greater worke of God in them , in whom the spirit is quenched : those that are but babes in Christ , and continuing babes still , in whom there is but a little worke of God , and great abundance of flesh , their afflictions are the punishments of sinne : because they will not bee gouerned by the rule of Gods spirite , God will haue them ruled by the rodde of affliction ; and they in whom the spirit of God is decayed through the deceitfulnes of sinne , their afflictions also are the punishmēts of their sinnes , for because they refused the gratious gouernmēt of Gods mercie in the Gospell , therfore hee bringeth them backe to the rigorous gouernment of his iustice in the law , till Christ be formed anew in them againe . Those onely which are sufficiently called , in whome Christ is thus formed , their afflictions are no punishments of sinne : but Christ suffers with them when they are medicines against sinne , much more when they are trialls of Faith , and most of all when they are for well doing : but all the former suffered themselues , Christ suffered not with them , because they suffered for sinne . 10 Rebecca wished to haue children , but when they stroue in her wombe , then shee brast forth into words of impatiencie : so God giueth to some a desire to be borne againe , who when their conception is so painfull , and when the spirit and the flesh striue together , they would sometime be content to be in the olde estate againe . 11 When Moses came downe from the Mount , the skinne of his face did shine , but only the people did see it , hee did not perceiue it : So should our righteousnes shine in the eyes of others , not in our owne . 12 As a Fountaine and all the water that springs from it haue the same qualitie : so the heart , and the thoughts , words , and deeds are all of the same nature : if one be filthy all be filthie , and purge one , and purge all . 13 God calleth his children out of this world in the fittest time , when though they liued longer , yet they would be no better . 14 If wee loue not Christ more then his benefites , euen than our owne saluation , wee are not worthie of him . Phillip saith , Iohn 14. 8. If wee may see the Father it is sufficient : And Iacob said , it is sufficient for mee that Ioseph is aliue , hee cared not for his benefites : And Dauid saith ( as if hee should say no more ) one thing haue I desired , to dwell in the house of the Lord. 15 Wee must at all times ●eare the Worde , and vse ●●● the meanes o● our 〈◊〉 , though wee feele our selues most vnwilling thereunto . For we know not when God will blesse it , or any of them to vs. Yea it may be , that when we do but once a●●●●t our selues from the hearing thereof , such things may be then spoken of , as may most serue for our soules health . 16 Albeit Marthaes part be the worst , because it continueth not , yet the world hateth Ma●ies part , which is the best , and desireth ●uer to chuse with Martha . 17 Looke how much we would come to Christ ; so much we must come to the Word and Sacraments . 18 If wee rest too much in the outward action of the Word , and not in the inward affection of the heart ; we shall be puffed vp , and become prophane . 19 Many Protestants can say , it is God that worketh the will and the deede , but in a conceiued imagination , not from a perswaded minde , and experienced con●c●e●ce : for if they were perswaded hereof , it would greatly humble them , and make them to finish their course with reuerence and feare . 20 Looke what a man loueth , hee wisheth the good thereof . 21 Euery one is eaten vp with the zeale of one thing or oth●r . 22 No man can purchase to himsel●e the glorious ●●●●● , that he loueth God , except hee hath a through hatred and detestation of that which ●●d hateth . 23 Then shall wee vnfainedly praise GOD for our ●●●● creation , and his Fatherly prouidence watching ouer vs ; when wee are created a new by the Spirit of God , and feele our Redemption in Christ. 24 As farre as the Spirit is aboue the flesh , God aboue men , Heauen aboue the earth , Eternitie aboue frailtie ; so farre is the new creation aboue the olde : for the one is but of mortall and corrupt seede that shall per●●h : but the other is of immortall seede , and from Heauen , a great worke of God which shall abide for euer . 25 In temporall things our ioy is greater then the cause : in spirituall things , the cause is greater than the ioy . 26 If this be our chiefest felicitie to be Gods people , it hath also the chiefest challenge to our ioy . 27 They that be in the hell of things fleshly , cānot see the heauens of things spirituall . 28 Spirituall thinges are tedious , because sense , reason , and nature , cannot taste of such ioyes . 29 Gods children being in the world , though not of the world , but sauouring of the things of the world , must be prouoked to this sound ioy ; and be led from the crackling ioyes which flame vp for a little , and make a sudden noise , but neuer truely heate or comfort the heart , but in death and affliction doe mu●h shame and feare vs. 30 To bee perswaded of Gods presence in our thoughts , words , and labours , is a pure rule of Christianitie . In euery place we are before God , but more specially in priuate prayer , and most of all in publike prayer . 31 As there is no sinne so great , but with repentance is pardonable ; so there is no sinne so little , but without repentance is damnable . 32 The offence of sinne is not so great as the de●ence of sinne . 33 One teare of repentance is better then a thousand sack-clothes : first , our sorrow must bee spirituall , then continuall ; because our sinne breedeth at the heart , and buddeth foorth daily . There is no greater miserie , than to bee without miserie ; nor greater sorrow , then to be without sorrow . 34 As the childe breaking one rodde , and burning it , prouoketh his father to prepare a sharper : so a man vnpatiently wrestling with one affliction sent from God , and escaping it , prouoketh the Lord in greater displeasure to send a sharper scourge . 35 The more godly a man is , and the more the graces and blessings of God are vpon him , the more need he hath to pray , because Sathan is busiest against him , and because he is readyest to be puffed vp with a conceited holinesse . 36 Where the Scripture hath not a mouth , we ought not to haue eares . 37 O● that one would doe that thing , the remembrance whereof ●o long after should bring comfort : oh that one should doe that thing , the re●e●ora●ce whereof so long after sh 〈…〉 g griefe : and yet we so little esteem●●ho●e ●●●●gs , which might after comfort vs , and so little feare those things which migh● aft●r grieue vs. 38 The ●●●●s is often taken for the morall law of God : his precepts for the Ceremoniall Law : his Iudgements or Righteousnesse , for the ●a●cti●us of the Lawe , whereby the Lorde ●●● accomplisheth his promises for his Children , or execut●th his wrath vpon his ●●●m●es . 39 A though the Lord hath promised a speciall blessing to the publike ministery of his word , yet we must not t●e his wisedome to any ordinary mea●es , but if any at any time , shall haue more ●ffectuall feelings by priuate conference , let him not neglect the publike reading , but with all holy & humble thankfulnes , yeeld this soueraigntie to the Lord , that he is to dispose his gifts , to whom , by whom , where , and when it pleaset● him . 40 We are neuer the further from temptation for misliking it , but the neerer , vnlesse as in ●udgement we mislike it , so in affection we humble our selues in feare and prayer , as knowing that in time it may inuade vs. 41 Though o●ten we speake of things lawfull , yet we want wisedome in examining the ti●●● pl●●e , ●●● persons , when , where , and with whom wee talke ; and so Sathan laboureth to m●ke vs sil●nt , when wee might speake to Gods glorie . For the auoyding of this temp●ation wee must speake when GOD giueth vs occasion , beeing thankfull for the good mo●io●s of Gods spirite ; and humbled for our weakenesse , wherby both our speeches are most s●ained , and we faile in many circumstances . Then doing it in singlenes of hear● , onely for the loue of Gods word , and of his glorie , let vs wholly commit the succ●ss● ( wh●●h depends not on vs , though wee obserue all circumstances , ) to the blessing of God in I●sus Christ. 42 In the regeneration and dying of sinne , we come as it were to the best head , and triall of our hearts , when wee come to those sinnes , wherein either nature or custome doth breede delight . 43 The meditation of death doth so far moue vs from suffering our delights to dwell on earthly things , as reason disswadeth vs from making any cost about a tabernacle , where we know we shall dwell but a while . 44 Our corruption is like to the wantonnesse of children , who will doe either as they list or ●l●● leaue all vndone . 45 W●en we thinke that our chiefest care is to glorifie God , wee indeed doe seeke our owne glorie . 46 It is a gracious thing to vse all our members to Gods worship ; for that will comfort our co●science , when we cannot vse them . 47 If we ●● notorious in sinne , we shall be notorious in an euill name : Many would be lo●h to be ●●●●ed wicked , who can be contented to be wicked : but Gods children had rather be good then accounted good ; as the couetous man , &c. 48 Ma●ie oft times desire that , which when they haue gotten their conscience is afraid to vse . 49 Lord giue me thy grace to remember the bead-row of my sinnes to humble me in prayer : Lord teach me the catalogue of thy mercies , truely to make me thankfull . 50 As God doth rather oftentimes by heaping his benefites , then powring his plagues vpon vs shew vs our sinnes : so we must rather by courteous dealing then seuere handling , shew others how they haue offended vs. 51 Ordinarily when God most comforteth , he most humbleth before . 52 If God watch ouer vs when we sleepe in vnbeliefe , much more he will doe it when we wake in faith . 53 The sinne of the master of a familie , bringeth sinne ouer the whole familie , as wee see in Ab●melech . 54 Wee can marke what men are spared , and so flatter our selues : but we marke not how they repent , least we should disquiet our selues . 55 We must not denie mercie to others , least God denie mercie to vs. 56 Many meddle and stirre much about a new Church gouernment , which are sensles and barren in the doctrine of new birth : but ala● , what though a man know many things , and yet know not himselfe to be a new creature in Iesus Christ ? It is often the policie of Sathan to make vs trauell in some good thing to come , when more fitly wee might be occupied in good things present . 57 As the creatures were made for man , so were they punished for man. 58 If mercie must pleade for mercie : Ma●th : 5 then mercie cannot pleade for merit , 59 It is a mercie to let vs see that by Temptation , which wee might feele by wofull action . 60 If wee be tempted , let vs first examine it by prayer , whether it be contrarie to the word : if it be a sinne , then it bringeth the curse ; if it bring a curse , then must we tremble : if wee tremble not , let vs suspect that our nature liketh the temptation , and let vs applie prayer ; if wee tremble in truth , we will neuer doe the thing whereunto we are tempted . 61 The D●uell when he cannot at the first corrupt the action , he will begin to corrupt the iudgement and the affection . 62 When wee must of necessitie vse inferiour things , wee must vse them as readie to want them . 63 As the hiding of our sinne with Adam , hindreth mercie : so to confesse our sinne greater then it is with C●ine , displeaseth God highly . 64 Manie will seeke the kingdome of heauen , but not the righteousnes thereof . 65 A good thing , if it bee let alone , it will decay : but if an euill thing be let alone , it will increase . 66 The Prophets hauing regard , not what ought to be first in knowledge , but first in practise , respected not the perfection of order , but the corruption of our nature . 67 Familiaritie with sinners bringeth the punishment of ●●ne . If the wicked , that are without the tuition of God , and stand onely vpon his ●●●● 〈◊〉 , and euery minute of an houre lye open to Gods curse and vengeance , if they bee our companions , then when they are punished , doubtles wee shall not escape . 68 Sinne may easily be conquered of vs when it is young ; wee may easily be conquered of it when it is olde . 69 Wee must not so much reioyce for that we haue done , as we must be carefull what to doe hereafter : For man●e are called but few are chosen ; many begin gloriously , which ende ignomi●iously . 70 When wee deferre to haue that in affection which we haue in iudgement , it is the iust iudgement of God to depriue ●●●● that which we had in iudgement . 71 When wee haue oftentimes q●●ked at a sinne ; and afterward , although wee like it not , yet if we mislike it not with as great indignation as we were woont to do , but by little and little wee can well away with it ; it is to be feared that by degrees wee will fall to that sinne ourselues . 72 We must be proud against Sathan in Christ , and humble to all men in Christ. 73 The neerer Heresie commeth to the likenesse of the Trueth , the more daungerous it is . 74 Hee that will dissemble with God in his life , will dissemble with him in his death . 75 Many will take vp the sword to defend Christs cause with Peter , who with Peter will shrinke when persecution commeth . 76 Wee shall sometime feele by experience a terror suddenly come vpon vs when we are alone , or vehemently to strike vs in the night , which is sent to humble vs , the Physition will say it is a melancholy passion : but it is the power of Gods presence , preparing vs to prayer , or some such seruice of God : which when we feele , if wee fall downe before God in prayer , we shall finde an vnspeakable ioy following it : but if we cherish it with euill surmises , it will leade vs to further inconueniences . 77 When we haue greatest cause of ioy for doing some good ; then it is a good thing most to feare our vnthankfulnes , and our selfe-loue , and our secure vnkindnes . 78 When Sathan cannot get vs to grosse sinnes , he will ●ssaile vs with spirituall temptations . 79 Nothing in the world will so much feare and shame vs , as God in his mercies powred vpon vs : which meditation in receiuing graces from God , will humble vs from pride in them , and keepe vs in feare ; which be the waies to obtaine new mercies . 80 We must beware of smoothering the watch word of our conscience , when we are bent to sinne . Euery man in his owne conscience is forewarned of sinne , though the Lord speake not to him from heauen , as he did to Cain . 81 As a man being outlawed , may take his pleasure for a while : but whensoeuer , or wheresoeuer he may be taken , he must yeeld to that punishment , which by verdict is appoynted : so the wicked , on whom sentence of damnation is already passed , may for a while shake off their paines with vaine pleasures , but afterward they shall be arrested , and carried violently to the place of wofull execution . But for the godly , ( which haue the assurance of their inheritance sealed vp in their consciences ) though they shall be warned in the day of the resurrection , to make their open appearance ; yet as honest men of the countrie shall stand before the Iudge , not as fellonious offenders . 82 We must first make men by a feeling of sinne to seeke Christ , by an holy faith to find Christ , and then by newnes of life to dwell with Christ. 83 Bal●am prayed that he might die the death of the righteous : but let vs pray that we may liue the life of the righteous , for he liued not the life of the righteous , and therefore he could not die the death of the righteous : and if we liue the life of the righteous , we shall be sure to die the death of the righteous . 84 It is a great token of regeneration , if we doe not onely sorrow for great sinnes , and sigh for small offences , but mourne for particular wants of good actions , or in good actions for w●nt of good affections . 85 There is small hope of him which cannot discerne in himselfe the life of the spirit , and the life of the flesh , and it is to be doubted that he is yet vnregenerate . 86 When men being young are too much giuen to carnall pleasures , they being old are too much giuen to worldly profit . 87 As we haue taken a vaine delight in the vaine course of this life : so we must sigh and pray to be delighted spiritually in spirituall things . 88 Adam should haue been no worse for his temptation , no more than Christ was ; but that the one yeelded , the other did not . 89 If the blood of Christ hath washed vs from the guiltines of sinne ; then the holy Ghost hath purged vs from the filthines of sinne . 90 When our sinne hath lesse liking in vs , then there is hope that it will decay in vs : especially if we sorrow for it when we cannot fully forsake it , and labour to forsake it because it is sinne . 91 In true mortification we must haue the first motions of sinne , and condemne them as accessaries to sinne in conspiring the death of our soules . 92 Hypocrisie is seene , when sinne lyeth most dead vnder a cloake , and most liueth vnder a closet ; wherewith God is so displeased , that when we make no conscience of sinne in close places , our priuie sinnes shall breake forth into open places . 93 Particular infirmities doe not hinder the preparation of our hearts for the Lord , if we haue a true loue of his word , as had Iehosaphat . 94 Two things are necessarie to espouse vs to Christ : the one to vse the pure meanes , the other to vse those meanes with a pure heart . 95 If we play with our owne affections , sinne in the end , from sport , will spurre vs to confusion . For though we be twice or thrice spared , yet we must know that the Lord will recompence his long tarrying with wrath . 96 Through our corruption we profit more by the doctrine of a man , if we thinke he be our enemie , than if we thinke him to be our friend : for if he be our friend , we let it passe as not spoken to vs , though the matter neuer so much concerne vs : if our enemie , if it neuer so little touch vs , we thinke it to be spoken against vs. 97 Walking spirits are vndoubtedly not the soules departed , but the euill spirits of the ayre . 98 It is a great mercie of God to haue a large affection of weldoing , when we haue good occasion thereof : for God neuer ceaseth in offering occasions , but we often cease in hauing affections . 99 Obedience is a chaine to tye vp all the creatures of God from our hurt , and as a thing to muzzle their mouthes that they cannot bite vs. Againe , disobedience breaketh and openeth the mouthes of all things to our destruction . 100 If we haue not the fauour of men , it is either for the triall of our faith , or for want of dutie vnto them that are displeased with vs , or because we sought to please them by displeasing of God , or because we haue not prayed for them ; or haue offended God , for which he causeth men to be offended with vs. 1 Because we doe not to men the good we should doe , God often suffereth them to report of vs the euill they should not . 2 Those temptations are most dangerous which haue most holy ends . 3 When a man is most merrie , he is neerest danger . 4 It is the easiest thing in the world to deceiue a good man. 5 God hath two hands ; in the one he holdeth a hammer to breake the proud in peeces , and to bray them to powder ; in the other hand he hath a horne , to powre Gods blessings vpon the humble , 1. Pet. 5. 5. 6 If a man should be stinted to one meale a weeke , he would haue a pined body at the weekes end : euen so , if our soules be but fed with the word once a weeke , they would be as hunger-starued , if we could see it . 7 You are in earth to follow your calling , you are not yet in heauen . Adam when he was most holy by creation , and free from euery iot of sinne and corruption , did walke in his calling appointed of God : much more then are we comfortably to follow the Lord his ordinance ; seeing these outward things did not come in with sinne , but were ordained before sinne . 8 Whatsoeuer is vpon you , it is from the Lord : and whatsoeuer is from the Lord , to you , it is in mercie : and whatsoeuer comes in mercie , ought not to be grieuous vnto you . What losse is it , when the losing of earthly things , is the gaining of spiritual things ? What if your body be decayed , your soule being renued ? Haue you had comfort in your body ; but as it is the temple of the holy Ghost , the Lord preparing it for his Spirit , why are you grieued ? Your body is the Lords , and the Lords louing hand is vpon your body ; all shall be for your good , if you make your vse of all . 9 In our greatest earnestnes we should be most iealous ouer our owne hearts , and then especially examine our affections . When we cannot gage the depth of our hearts , we should impute it to want of prayer , and the not trauelling with our hearts how to doe it in wisedome . 10 God by his graces and benefits marketh vs , and prepareth vs for some temptation to come : for he putteth not on the armour , but he will also prouide for vs the battell . 11 Not the finding of a want onely , but the seeking of a remedie to supplie the want , is a token of a godly minde . 12 That God that drew light out of darknes , doth often draw goodnes out of our corruption . 13 The Lord will rather looke vpon his old graces which we haue receiued , than on the new sinnes which we haue committed . A THIRD ADDITION OF GRAVE COVNSELS , AND DIVINE DIRECTIONS , FOR THE ATTAINING AND RETAINING OF FAITH , AND a good Conscience . EVen as a man swimming in deepe water● is not in daunger of drowning , so long as his head still keepeth aboue the water : So though wee swimme in deepe and dangerous waters of our accusing consciences , yet wee are sure and secure , that wee shall not finally bee ouerthrowne , because our Head still remaineth aboue all in heauen ; which Head is CHRIST , who vndoubtedly can no more condemne , forsake , denie , and separate himselfe from vs , then hee that was condemned for vs , can condemne vs ; then the aduocate can forsake his Client ; then the Prince can denie the Subiect ; then the head can bee separated from his members . So that when wee dare not present our prayers in our persons , wee must present them to Christ , and Christ will present them to his Father , whereby our prayers that are vnworthy to appeare by reason of our corruption , are most worthie because of Christ his intercession ; for whose sake the Lord turneth his wrath from poore sinners ●ccused by Sathan . For Christ is now our gouernour , not as hee is God alone , for so hath hee alwayes beene , but as Mediator , that is , as God and man , which hee shall be , vntill hee hauing deliuered vp the kingdome to God the Father , shall cease from his Mediatorship , and shall bee all in all . 2 There is a generall faith , and a particular faith , a generall faith assuring vs , that God is such a one as his word prescribeth , a particular faith applying things to our selues . This particular faith is either actiue or passiue : actiue , when we beleeue , that if we keepe the law we are saued ; and this faith was in Adam , and is in the diuels , and yet neither of them hauing the iustifying faith . For Adam had it , when the passiue or iustifying faith needed not ; the diuels haue it , who know , that if they could fulfill the law they should be saued : but they doe not beleeue it to be fulfilled of any other for them . The passiue faith , which is onely of the Gospell , whereby we are staied in the obedience of Christ imputed vnto vs , is the true iustifying faith , and onely proper to God his children . The actiue faith , is either of the precepts , or of the iudgements of God : of the iudgements of God , I say , because one may beleeue the precepts , and yet not beleeue the other . Eua at the first fall beleeued the commaundement of God to be good , for she could confirme it with a strong reason , but she halted in beleeuing the threatning of God , and extenuated it with a peraduenture . 3 A strong custome in euill things is as a second nature . 4 The eye is the best window for Sathan . 5 As it is true , that the children of darkenes are wiser in their generation , than the children of light , so it is as true , that the children of light in their light , are better than the children of darkenes . 6 If a man rightly obserueth the course of corruptions in others , he may haue an easie character of corruptions in himselfe , or if he take a godly view of the graces of God in himselfe , he shall haue a more speedie sight of the graces of God in another : againe , if we make an Anatomie or our owne ●●ir●●ties , wee shall the better discerne the veines and cond●ites of sinne mothers ; or if we reuerently obserue the graces of God in another , he shall see the image of that which is in himselfe . Howbeit , because the holy Ghost worketh by many meanes ▪ and the diuell hath many shifts , and therewithall our discerning of good things is dimme , and our iudgement of sinne is corrupt , we must not bee too strict herein . Onely we may with safety make this vse , that we make others to vs , and our selues to others , as looking glasses ●ow good . 7 Wee must in reading the Iudgements of God obserue this rule , that ruinae praecedentium must be pr●m●●●tio sequentium . If any man will trie conclusions against God his conclusion , he shall proue nothing in the end , but himselfe to be a ●oole ; and if he faile in his triall , by how much he might the more be before admonished , by so much he is the more without excuse . 8 There are manie that f●are , Psal : 14. when no cause of feare is : but there are more reioyce , where no cause of ioy is . If a man walke in the coole of the wood and be refreshed , it is nothing : but , if a man walke , as did the three children , in the fiery furnace , and be refreshed , that is a cooling indeede : So , to be refreshed with ordinarie meanes of wine , oyle , wheate , fruits , or whatsoeuer , is a small thing : but in prison , persecution , and trouble , to finde comfortable refreshing , is a thing both worthy to be made of and marue●led ●t . 9 The minde being perpetually in some action , may well be compared to a Mill , continually grinding out either good or euill . 10 It is the mercie of God , and wisedome of the holie Ghost , euen in things of their owne nature most lawfull and good , to take order with vs for the pure vsing of them , and of euery motion in them , that so , vnlesse wee will obstinately , wee should not be guiltie of the abuse of them . 11 Manie had rather part from all fauour both of God and man , than that they would lose the grace of some wi●tie speech , which they haue deuised ; so great a delight they conceiue in it . But as we would not haue God to murther all ioy , so God would not haue vs to murther all griefes ; but that the remembrance of our bodies turned to moules , and of soules , called to the booke , should correct our vnruly hearts , remembring in our deepest ioyes the lamentable cries of Syon , and accompting our delight to be but as the ruines of Babell . 12 Oh , that men would feare and follow the Lorde ! Well , follow they must one way or other : If wee will not follow the shepheard to the folde , we must follow the butcher to the shambles : if we chuse rather to goe to the shambles then to the fold , we are sheepe indeede , and worse then sheepe too . But men haue gotten an old distinction , when they are not able to turne their sicke bones on their beds , they then will bring a dish of sinnes and dryed skinnes to the Lorde : but how vnacceptable a sacrifice such refuses are , Malachit doth tell them , and they shall one day trie it . 13 If yee aske , whether a man may not lawfully desire to be in the Ministerie or no : I answere , that in the Ministery are two things , a worke and a worship ; a dutie and a dignitie : the worke or dutie to the glorie of God and good of his Church a man may desire : but the worship and dignitie to serue our owne loose mindes is not to be desired . 14 It is the wisedome of God in his holie word , not onely to instruct vs in things concerning our saluation , but also to teach vs in things of this life . For although all things be good in the ordinance of God , yet they are not good to vs , vnlesse by knowledge and faith we be able to vse them according to the ordinance of God , with prayer and thanksgiuing . And as it is not sufficient to be a good man onely , but a good man must vse good things : So it is not enough to vse good things alone , but he that must vse them must see himselfe to be a good man ; that is , to haue his heart clensed by faith and by prayer , whereby he is assured that he hath fetched the interest from Christ , who hath and giueth title to all , being himselfe the heire of the world . 15 When we examine our selues , we are to sit in iudgement on our selues , and to keepe a solemne court in our owne consciences , to su●uay our memorie , our wit , our senses , our members , and to see how we haue vsed them : but yet so , as , least we should be too fa●ourable to our selues , either in not espying out our sinnes , or in not condemning our sinnes , still we remember to make the law the Iudge , but Christ the answerer of t●e Iudge . 16 If God his children are readie to slip in a moment , how much more dangerous is the estate of the wicked , who are willing to fall continually ? 17 It is wonderfull to see a poore sinner readie to swound and fall dead almost at euery little sinne , when nothing in the world doth feare him or driue him to this feare ; and yet when aduersitie , strange iudgements of God , persecution & death come , to be exceeding patient and comfortable , couragious and valiant : and againe , it is straunge to see others , who maruell that men will suffer themselues to be feared with sinne , and aske , what men meane to stand trembling at the word ; yet let sicknes come , or if the hand of God be vpon them , or let death come towards thē , they quaile at the name of sicknes , hell , or death , and either they proue very senselesse blocks , or else they be in a most desperate estate Yea , if God begin to reckon with them , euery stirring of a mouse , shaking of a leafe , mouing of a shadow , euery noise of the eare , euery countenance of a godly man , euery chirping of a bird , or drawing neere of the least and weakest creature towards them , appalles their courage , and makes them most fearefull cowards . They most feare when God his iudgements are executed , which feare least when they are threatned , and they feare least when God his iudgements are accomplished , which tremble most when his wrath is denounced . Wherefore as we most long for courage and most lothe cowardlines , when the euill day approcheth ; so let vs labour for a good conscience , which breedeth t●ue boldnes , & flie far from sinne , which bringeth a spirit of feare on vs. And surely experimentall wisdome may teach vs , that it is better to feare the euill to come , when onely feare and no euill is vpon vs , than to feare then , when besides the feare the affliction itselfe so sorely presseth vs , that we haue no libertie or leaue to breathe for any comforts , or to hope for any deliuerance . 18 We are wont to ascribe the afflictions of the Church or Common-wealth , the defect of right discipline and gouernment to the sinnes of the Magistrates , when rather , if we consider things with a single eye , our owne sinnes haue begot such fruites . For that God , who rather loueth many than one , that God , who for tenne good men would haue spared whole Sodom , who rather taketh away Saul a sinful gouernour , than punisheth his louing Israel being humbled subiects , knoweth rather to take away the King , if the subiects be good , than he desireth to alter the whole estate for the sin of one , vnlesse it be when both Prince and people agree together in sin . That God , which euen in the time of the Church remaining but in a few families would rebuke Kings , as Phara●h , and Abimelech , that they should doe his Prophets , Abraham , and Isaac no harme : ●oubtlesse the sinnes of the people doe breede defects of well doing in Princes . When Israel began to sinne , the Lord withdrawing his grace from Dauid , left him to the numbring of his people . The Altars were not taken away , and why , in the time of Iosiah ? The holy Ghost saith , the people had not prepared their hearts to walke with the Lord their God. 19 It is farre otherwise in our Christian profession , than in the profession of other Arts. Physitians loue to haue some secret experiments , wherein they haue a singularitie , and which in their life they will communicate to none . Lawyers haue some points , which they will not make common , but keepe for present and priuate gaine . But this is rather a note of pride and of a conceited minde in heauenly things , than of godlinesse . For as true godlinesse forewarneth others of that sinne , the sting , torment , & filthinesse whereof we haue found ; so it traineth vp others to that fruit of holinesse , whose beautie , glorie and excellencie we haue both tasted and proued . 20 It euer hath beene and is , that prayer , or comming to the diuine Seruice , as they call it , and resorting to the Sacraments haue beene more accompted of , than the word , & hearing of it preached . Many of superstition may thus come to prayer , and of custome resort to the Sacrament , who either doe not at all heare the word , or else they heare it at their leisure , or else they doe it but in ceremonie without vnderstanding ; or if they vnderstand it , they doe not practise it ; or if they practise it , it is done coldly and not in power . And yet their owne practise in some things , is somewhat strange : they will graunt , that to come to the Sacrament requireth a mo●e solemne preparation , & yet they dare bol●ly venture on prayer and on the hearing of the word oftentimes without any preparation at all . But certainly as the abuse of the Sacrament bringeth iudgement , so the abuse of prayer & of the word will procure it . For as the prayer of faith is a sweet oblation to the Lord , so the prayer of the vnbeleeuer is an abomination to the Lord. We must not only bring the eare of vnderstanding , but we must also bring the eare of remembrance , and of practise , and beware that by little and little the word waxe not lesse pretious vnto vs , as honey to the mouth , that is satisfied . And this is sure , when and how much the word preached doth preu●ile , so much our prayers and our sacrifices doe preuaile ; looke how much the word doth profit , so much doe we profit in prayer and in the Sacraments ; and whensoeuer our delight in the word waxeth faint , our prayers and all good exercises are like shortly to decay . Prayer bringeth a feeling , and the Sacraments a more continuing of that , which we heare in the word . We must beware therefore , that we be not too qu●●●●● sinne , that we please not our selues in a generall good course , in a perswasion we haue heard enough , but still let vs labour for the word : for I dare say , that all our power in prayer commeth from the word . 21 Euen as the life that is in a tree is a thing inuisible , and yet by the fruites comming out in due season , is discerned of all ( howsoeuer it may be greene , yet wanting fruite ) or as the life in a childe is a thing not seene but by mouing , going , and feeling easily perceiued ; so the life of faith is a thing very secret , and yet by the effects of it at one time or at another is discerned of good men . Howsoeuer , there may be workes and yet no faith , howsoeuer there may be faith , and yet not by and by workes following . Many men thinke the word now preached not to be the right word , because no moe are brought to the obedience of God by so long preaching of it : but we must rather reason to the contrarie , this is a sure note it is the true word , because it is so much refused , and men are made the worse by abusing the word , which as it would make them better , and doth make better all that doe obey it ; so it maketh worse all that doe not obey it . 22 Of all the Commandements we shall neuer be brought hungerly to seeke Christ , vntill we can in the last precept , see and feele our naturall corruption , whereof we must not onely haue a knowledge , but experience also , as Paul had , Rom 7. Now where the Papists say , that this corruption is a sinne in the vnregenerate , but not in the regenerate , we say it is a sinne in both , & that which is sinne in one is sinne in another , without respect of persons : but yet we affirme that there is a diuers qualitie in this sinne in those diuers subiects , because that sinne is imputed to the one , and not to the other . The not diligent obseruing and vnderstanding of this corruption doth hurt euen some of the godly , bending to that other opinion , whiles they thinke too little of the first motions of sinne : for which if they were humbled truly , it is sure that they should not only not breake foorth into any corrupt life , but also they should haue lesse corrupted lips . I say a bare knowledge hereof also is not sufficiēt ( for euen the knowledge of our corruption is not without the corruption of priuie pride ) but we must ioyne therewith faith in the iudgements of God , which the Niniuites hauing escaped the wrath of God , which the old world not hauing fell into the wrath of God. 23 Seeing prophanenes is not so much in grosser sinnes , as in the vnreuerent and irreligious handling of most holy exercises , we must more warily watch ouer our selues , but especially that we beare sanctified mindes in our vsing of outward things , which in themselues haue no great holinesse , because we may easily be corrupted euen in prayer , in hearing of the word , in keeping of our Sabbath , which in themselues do carrie a kind of holinesse , which being not rightly vsed are said to be prophaned . This sinne is so perilous and infatuateth vs so farre , that it bringeth vs to make away not onely our maintenance on earth , but also our inheritance in heauen for most vile and contemptible things , as Es●● did , who though he did to supplie his neede vse vnlawfull meanes , yet if he be set head by head with a great many not hauing any such neede , he for his need in respect of thē might be lesse condemnable , but they in respect of him most iustly reproueable . Now if there be any Esau , who will not sticke to sell heauen , his soule , and the kingdome of God , vnder pretence of necessitie , let vs beware we follow not Iacob in taking this aduantage ( for this was a particular thing permitted of God , and Iacob will doe so no more ) but let vs exhort him to waite vpon God his prouidence , to take a better course for the safetie of his conscience , and contribute to his necessitie , that Esau may not haue by our vncharitable dealing a cloake for his prophanenes , but that , if he will needes be prophane , he may be prophane and guiltie in and of himselfe alone . 24 We must not be proud in our owne gifts , for God hath in iudgement giuen iudgement to many simple ones to spie vs out . 25 If we confesse our sinnes to God , we must frankly and freely bring our selues into the presence of God , and lay our hearts naked and bare before him . We must not as harlots wipe our mouthes , and say we offended , and yet fall into sinne againe , but with remorse of conscience acknowledge them , and in feare and reuerence leaue them . 26 Satan is not discouraged at the first , though he lose his possession , yet he will keep his title , and will lay claime to vs as to his mansion place ; and yet though Sathan thinks vs to be sties for himselfe . Christ makes vs of the sties of Sathan , palaces of his spirit . 27 Though when Satan findeth vs waste and voide , he may enter into vs , yet if we haue any store of good , yea if we haue a sparke of goodnesse , it shall fire out the diuell , the least groune pronounceth a iudgement against him , euery teare is as a pearcing sword to him : but wholy to quench the spirit , to be waste , to be swept of all the graces of God , yea and not onely to offer violence to God his spirit , but to build and labour for the diuell is a very fearefull thing , for that maketh the diuell to looke better to his possession the second time . And as we must not flatter our selues in euery motion , as though we were sealed most surely ; so one sparke of pure zeale doth fire out the diuell and his whole traine . Surely we must doe as much for our God , as the wicked for the diuell , that is , we must be swept of all corruptions , and garnished with all graces of God his spirit , that the Lord may delight in his hold in vs , euen as the wicked gratifie their Prince of darknes with sweeping cleane away the graces of God , and furnishing euery roome with some loathsome sinne or other . 28 The neerer Christ his comming was , the cleerer was the Law. Moses saw it cleerer than the Patriarches , the Prophets saw it more cleerely than Moses , Iohn Baptist more euidently than the Prophets , & Christ Iesus more spiritually than they all did see into it and taught it , not as a teacher of any new doctrine , which the grosse Pharises dwelling on the literall sense did thinke , but as a confirmer and more diuine reader of the Law , than euer had beene in any age before , which thing we must needes beleeue . For if Christ be the Fathers Counseller , then is he wonderfull , and why is he so wonderfull , but because his doctrine is a mysterie , if his doctrine be a mysterie , no maruell though so many see not into it . In this spritual interpreter , the Fathers Counseller , whose name is Wonderfull , must we beleeue . 29 There is no striuing in sinne , but in God his iudgement and wrath , and therefore it is vsuall with the Lord to checke sinne sooner in his owne children than in the wicked , and to rebuke it sorer in his children regenerate , than in them that are not renewed , and to withstand more seuerely sin in his children renewed and hauing more plentifull meanes , than in the regenerate not hauing so great a measure of the meanes . 30 We must labour to haue the feare of God before our eyes alwaies . Beleeue we cannot alwaies , reioyce in God we cannot alwaies , faith is often faint , loue is little , ioy is dead , feeling is fallen asleepe ; yet if we continue in the feare of God , fearing our selues for the absence of these things , it will be a meane to recouer them all againe . For this iealousie of our selues , least we should displease God , will driue vs to such an examination of our owne hearts , as we seeing these wants , we are constrained to mourne , vntill the graces of God shine to vs againe : but if this feare be once gone , yea though we had those other gifts , yet will they decay , and we shall fall into so deepe a peace with our sinnes , that though we slip very grossely , we will neuer suspect our selues for any thing . 31 That man is truly blessed , whom God hath from all beginnings chosen , to whom God hath giuen his Christ as a perfit Redeemer , in whom he hath sealed vp the assurance of these things by his holy spirit , to whom he hath giuen his word , in whom the word and spirit haue begot faith , by whose power Faith hath begotten ioyes in heauenly things , in whom ioy hath wrought a sincere heart to please God , in whom sincerit●e is accompanied with loue vnfained to the Lord , and his Saints , loue ioyned with a care to obey his commaundemens ; this care breeding a reuerend feare to displease God , in whome this godly feare rebuketh sinne , the rebuking of sinne worketh a mourning spirit , in whom a mourning spirit begetteth true meekenes , this meekenesse of minde causing vs to hunger after Christ , so as feeling his owne miserie he is taught to shew mercie vnto others , and so sheweth mercie as it is with the bowels of compassion , whose heart God so gouerning , all outward benefites turne to his blessing , as seales of the fauour of God , vnto whome all crosses being sanctified in Christ , turne to his good , who finally in this faith and fruites of faith , meekely and patiently possessing his soule , waites , and looketh assuredly for the glorious kingdome of God after this life . This is the golden chaine of the vndoubted blessednes , whose linkes doe so coherently ioyne together , that wheresoeuer a●●● of the least is wanting , there is a breach and weaknes made in the whole . 32 Great is the power , and mightie is the force of the feare of God , that is , when wee haue a sure perswasion , we are still in the presence of the God of all glorious Maiestie , not sparing the least sinne vnrepented , and yet in the sight of a most gracious Father , not punishing the greatest sinne repented of . First we consider this Maiestie and glory , and are driuen to seeke comfort in Christ : Secondly , when we remember through Christ the seate of Maiestie to be turned into a seate of mercie , and the throne of glorie to be made a throne of grace , our feare is corrected , tempered , and mittigated , least it should be excessiue , that is rather hindering the certaintie of faith , than repressing the securitie of the flesh For so exquisite is God his iustice , so great is his glorie , so bright is his Maiestie , that without the view of his fauour we could not abide it . Neither doth this faith in God his mercie abolish , but correct the feare of his Maiestie . Againe , sure it is so long as we haue this feare before our eyes , howsoeuer we may of ignorance or infirmitie sinne , yet we shall neuer sinne presumptuously , or if forgetting our selues we slip suddenly , we shal not lie long in our sin , but this feare of God will soone draw vs out and recouer vs. 33 The cause why oft our hearts want libertie and comfort in prayer , is , because our consciences tell vs , that we haue beene vnthankful for the former benefits . And therefore we must be thankfull , as we are readie to craue . For therefore is the Church often afflicted , that it may often pray , that often praying it may pull downe many benefits frō the Lord , that pulling downe many benefits from God , it may returne many praises vnto him . In this dutie the godly differ from others : for though others haue the outward benefits , yet hauing no feeling of the fauour of God in them , they cannot hartily praise him for them . Another cause why our prayers are feeble , is , because our faith is faint : but God can as well denie himselfe , and cast downe his throne from heauen , as denie to heare vs crying in faith , which if we were perswaded of , we should haue more heart in prayer , yea euery little want would set vs a worke in it . It is not a particular practise of God at one speciall time to receiue our prayers , as it was of certaine Princes once in the yeere sitting in the gate to accept freely the bils of request preferred vnto them , but it is an vnchangeable nature in God : so as no sooner than he can cease to be a God can he cease to heare our requests . Wherefore if our faith be weake in the assurance of our sinnes pardoned , we must know , that the Lord hauing chosen vs , though our iniquities be as black as the diuels , yet God is vnchaungeable , and maketh them white as snow ; and as he loueth vs not simply for any wel doing , so he doth not cast off his loue simplie for any euil doing . We must often listen to that sweete Eccho , which is betweene the Lord and our consciences . Sinner , saith the Lord , I am thy saluation : Father , saith the sinner , thou shalt be my saluation . That we may be assured hereof , it pleaseth the Lord euen to admit vs into his Tabernacle of cōference , and will not only let vs tread in the courts , but also giueth vs a stool● to sit in his owne presence before the Arke ; yea and not onely giueth vs a roome in his Church , but also diuideth vs our portion of heauenly consolation by his Spirit & truth , whereby not only our soules and bodies be holden together , but also we grow from glorie to glorie , from pleasure to pleasure , vntill wee be made perfit in his Syon . 34 The heart is God his owne part , and that which must goe to the Lord ▪ Now as nothing should runne to common vses , which was sacrificed to the Priests vnder the Law ; so the heart which is the Lords title , must not be freely giuen to any possession , but onely in , for , and from him . 35 As of all mercies of God this is not the least that the Lorde will not let vs thriue in sinne , but vouch safeth to crosse vs , and meete vs in our way , as hee did with Ba●●●m going into an euill way ; So this of all iudgements is the sorest , when the Lord taking away his carefull hand from vs , shall suffer vs to prosper and growe cunning in sinne , so as wee can rode thorow and cut downe whole woods , drie vp whole fountaines , and drinke vp manie riuers , and ouerthrowe euery mountaine that stands in our way . And therefore God his children are quickly espied to be bungerlike workers of sinne , that the Lorde may shame them in this life , but the wicked knit so close a web , that they goe away with art and peace , vntill the Lord shame them in the day of shame . 36 As many being much diseased in bodie , are the more thereby distempered in their mindes ; So manie troubled in minde bring a disorder of nature , euen vpon their bodies . And none more then contētious persons , who not looking to the hand of God , but to the weaknes of man , doe fret too much , which is only to be remedied , with considering of the vilenes of our sinne , & of the wisedome of our God. Iob did not fume against the Chaldeans , but humbled himselfe before God. Dauid fretted not against Shim●i , but cast himselfe into a searching of his conscience . And wee shall finde by proofe , that they that are much humbled for their owne sinnes , are most meeke to others , as also that they who are most contentious with others , are not much humbled with their owne sinnes . 37 It is one thing to haue our hearts hardening , and another to haue them hardened . Our hearts are hardened , when there is litle hope of repentance , or at least hard comming to repentance : our hearts are hardening , when we are but in the way to the other , and this commeth either by wholly refusing of good things , or by some carelesse vsing of them ; or else by doing of euill , and suffering our selues to be hardened through the deceitfulnes of sinne . This deceiueablenesse of sinne is either an inarching vpon vs after some good fruite or Christian profession , when hauing beene any long time well occupied , wee haue not through want of feare and priuie pride , the former iealouzie ouer our thoughts , but wee are ready to giue some larger libertie to our first motions , motions breeding consent , consent producing the action , the action iterated , bringing a custome , and custome casting vs into hardnes of heart , or else it sl● lie stealeth vpon vs , by leauing our exercises of religion , by little & little , when we can leaue off for once , without any necessitie one thing , and ●not●●r time another , vntill at the length our desire die , and our good purposes lye buryed ●re we ●e aware . 38 Wee may learne to suspect our wisedome in matters concerning a better life , euen by the wise men of the world in things concerning this life . The Physition , whose Arte hath bene fruitfull to manie , will not content himselfe being fallen into some sicknes with his owne knowledge , but will ioyne in conference with the more learned in that facultie for his recouerie . The skilfull Lawyer hauing cōmendablie handled the causes and controuersies of many Clients , will not in his purchase , or proper case , trust to his owne practise , but prouideth better for the matter , by taking the aduice of many men of experience in that profession ; and yet in the matter of saluation , in the great sicknesse of the soule , and purchase of eternall life , wee thinke our selues wise enough , and that sinne can soone be plaistered , and Heauen gotten with ease , as though saluation were not worth the labouring for . 39 Manie are readie to doe duties , and they will also require duties , and though they haue not duties answered to them , yet they must goe forward in duties . Manie will doe no iniurie , and they will suffer no iniurie , yet they must learne to beare iniuries , and bee readier to receiue the second then to reuenge the first . It is also true , that many see their owne infirmities , and will not see other mens , and yet they espie not so manie things , as they may espie . Manie thinke they doe many good things , and they doe so , yet they doe not many things , which they may doe . And one may doe many things good in their owne natures , and yet corrupt them in the manner of doing , and by some blemish in the affection corrupt the beautie of the whole action ▪ Manie leaue many sinnes , and doe manie good things , thinking that all others should le●ue many sinnes too , and that euery one should goe foote by foote by them , and yet God giueth not the like measure to euery one . Many rebuke a thing rebukable , and when the offenders see it not they growe impatient , and yet in wisedome wee should waite for the turning of the sinner . Manie will forgiue , when they see a man relenting , neither is it any great matter ; yet this is a Christian dutie in deed by faith in God to hope and waite for the conuersion of a sinner , in the meane time supporting all infirmities . The naturall affection of parents with their children , doth by hope vse great longanimitie ; and why should not we then vse the same and more in Christianitie ▪ For Gods children are to put vpon them the affection of fathers , of mothers , and of brethren and sisters , to heare out and sustaine the infirmitie of our brethren . Many do duties , forbeare want of duties , looke to the least infirmitie in themselues , not prie into the defects of others , and yet cannot away to bee adn onished : but if a man can sustaine the rebuke of his friend , and the reproch of his enemie , not looking so much into the affection or manner of doing in the speaker , as to his prefiting by the wisdome and prouidence of God , this is a marke of a sincere and sanctified heart . 40 Iudgement being corrupted , wee can make reasons for our selues , but not for others . 41 As God giueth worship vnto vs , so we must aduaunce the worship of God : otherwise all our goodly gifts will be but as the gourd of 〈◊〉 , is the locks of Absolom . For as the gourd of Ionah did suddenly wither , not beeing able to keepe him from the parching Sunne ; so our gifts shall suddenly rotte , not being able to keepe vs from the heate of the wrath of God ; and the beautifull things , wherein we were more proud in our selues , then profitable to others , shall rather be a way to bring vs to our destruction , than a meanes to helpe vs to our saluation . 42 Whensoeuer we come to a generall promise of outward things , wee must not take it so vniuersally as admitting no exception , but know , that outward promises doe so farre extend , as they stand with God his glorie and our good , as also that either some sinne , or some failing in obedience , or the want of saith , or triall of faith , may suspend the performance of them . 43 Wee must learne by o●r outward senses to espie our inward corruptions . For why doth my sense l●ade me to this sinne , but because mine heart hath ledde my sense , and my corruption hath stolne away mine heart ? or why doth my sense helpe me in this good , but that my heart hath gouerned my senses , and God his Spirit hath guided mine heart ? our outward senses will bew●ay our inward affections . For looke what I loue , I am ready to heare of it , I am willing to see it ; looke what I loue not , I care not to see it , I esteeme not to heare of it . 44 It is the s●upour of this age not to regard a good name , not to bee touched with reproches , not to care for the prayers of men , not to feare the curses of men . In times past they were superstitious , in hauing men pray for them ( euen being dead ) now they are prophane , not esteeming the prayers of men whilest they be aliue . Sinne bringeth alwayes it owne punishment with it , it neuer wants a tormentor : it is a snare , an assise , a bench , a Iudge , a Iailor , an hangman to it selfe . Though all Quest-men could be intreated , and the Iudge himselfe be corrupted , yet iudgement and inquirie i● at hand . It intangleth our consciences , it bindeth and pinnioneth vs with cordes : but righteousnes is it owne reward , and carrieth an whole court with it , it carryeth a sword to reuenge , a crowne before it selfe to reward it selfe . For as manie in the middest of merrie cups haue their grieuous gripes , so manie in the gripes of desperation are refreshed with their cup of consolation : And as the wicked , howsoeuer he hideth himselfe for a while , is gotten at the length of the Sergeant of his owne conscience : so howsoeuer the godly for a time content themselues to mourne in sorrow , yet in the ende they are found and refreshed with the Sauiour of their soules . 45 There is no faith but by the word , no experience of faith but in temptation : and yet we must not tarrie vntill our faith be proued by great triall , but be content to be wrought vpon by smaller things . For it is the goodnes of God to giue them faith in greater matters , who would haue faith in lesser things ; and it is the wisedome of God first to giue little trials , and then to giue greater . 46 The politike Atheists and disciples of Philosophers of our time thinke , that raine must come by a coniunction of Planets of necessitie . We graunt the Lord vseth meanes , but so as he intendeth and remitteth them by his owne limitation and power . Man in want sueth to the creatures , the creatures not able to supplie it complaine to the earth , the earth seeketh to the heauens , the heauens craue helpe from God as the last refuge , whereunto we flie immediately ; God as the author , from whom our helpe commeth , heareth the heauens , the heauens answere the earth , the earth relieueth the creatures , the creatures minister vnto man. 47 The Arke had cleane and vncleane beasts , Abraham had Ishmael and Isaac , the Common-wealth true and false subiects , an house hath thriftie and vnthriftie seruants , the body members and excrements , the Church good and bad . 48 As he that hath tenne graines of Pepper bruised , hath no more in quantitie than the man that hath tenne graines vnbruised ( howsoeuer he hath a more odoriferous qualitie than hath the other ) so in substance the Fathers had no other faith than we haue in Christ Iesus , howsoeuer it being more vnfolded vnto vs , is more comfortable than to our Fathers . 49 It is a worne controuersie , whether the Gospell or the Law is to be preached . We answere both : the Law is to prepare , the Gospell is to follow after . So likewise whether it is better to gouerne by clemencie or by seueritie . We answere by both . But if in comparison ye aske , whether the Law or the Gospell is most to be preached , the lenitie or rigour of the iudge most to be vsed , we say , consideration must be had of the persons preaching and preached to . The person preaching may be of this or that gift more inclinable to doe good , this , or that way . True it is , Iohn did no doubt sometime pipe , and Christ sometime mourne ; but for the most part Iohn did mourne and Christ did pipe , being ordained of God thereunto . The persons preached to , if they be alreadie humbled , must haue the promises ; if they be in their sinne and ignorance , or are fallen by securitie , the Law rather than the Gospell is to be vrged . This holy mixture and wise order we may obserue both in the Prophecies , and in the Epistles of the Apostles . 50 Many say , they can profit by some , and not by others It is their infirmitie , and they must be humbled . Yet thus much for our comfort , it is God his mercie if we profit any way ; howbeit stay not here , for either thou must at the least desire to profit by both , or els in the end it will come , thou wilt profit by none . It is vnnaturall for an old man in Christ to be fed againe with the dugge of the first doctrine , as it is vnseemely to offer the strong mysteries of faith to a childe and nouice in Christ. We must learne not onely to discerne good from euill , but better from good . Some can dance , when Christ doth pipe ; some can sorrow , when Iohn doth mourne ; some can tremble when Paul preacheth of iudgement ; some can reioyce to heare him preach the promises ; some can entertaine him when he commeth with a kisse ; some can profit more when he commeth with a rod. Some will say , if doctrine be much vsed , we cannot vnderstand , he is too profound : some , if perswasion be vrged , we can learne little , he is alwaies about one matter : some , when one is vehement , say , he is an Heremite too precise for vs to follow , he had neede of a new world : some , if the Preacher be comfortable , thinke , he is a clawbacke and seeketh for liuing : some say , if they heare one for the peace of the Church tolerating some ceremonies , that he is a time-seruer and man-pleaser : if they heare one zealous and vnwilling to giue any little credit to superstitions , then they say , he is factious : if he be young and vehement , then they say , he will grow wiser and colder in time : if he be old and still faithfull , then he wants wisedome and is but a doting foole . But wisedome is iustified of all her children ; if doctrine be vsed , we learne ; if perswasion , we are moued ; if threatnings , we are humbled ; if promises , we are comforted ; if lenitie , we thinke God calleth vs in mercie ; if seueritie , God calleth vs out of securitie , and so we profit by all in something , though by some in more things and oftner . 51 We are said to be alwaies in God his presence , and yet we are said to be in God his presence in the time of God his worship . The fathers are said to walke with God , they were as children alwaies looking on their father , to see what hee would haue them doe , God being present with them , though inuisible to nature , yet visible to faith . Yet we are said to be in God his presence in his worship , because more neerely we bring our selues before him . And sure it is , that the more we are in his presence , whiles we are in any holy exercise , the more shall we be in his worship euen in our ordinarie callings . Againe , the more carelesse we are in his worship to bring our selues into his sight , the more carelesse of his presence shall we be in our ordinarie callings . 52 This is not the priuiledge of God his children , not to be tempted , neither is it a difference betweene the godly or vngodly to be tempted or not tempted ; but God his children pursue it not in the greedines of their affections , but they either sin not , or he drawne by delay vnto sinne . God his children before feare to sinne , the wicked before lay platformes of sinne : the godly in sinning finde some paine , the wicked a pleasure , the godly thinke of their sinne with shame and griefe , the world put their sinnes in a new die by speaking and doing of them with glorie and gladnes : the wicked blaspheme God in sinning , the godly rebuke themselues for sinnes : the godly are fiercely and violently pursued of temptation , the wicked are so●●ishly and voluntarily infatuated by temptation , the godly powre out their spirits to be cured in temptation , the vngodly powre out their spirits to be strengthened in sinnes . Abraham laughed , Sarah laughed , Abraham reioyced by faith in their promise , Sarah derided by vnbeliefe the thing that was promised : Zacharie questioneth with the Angell , Mary questioneth with the Angell : Zacharie doth it in vnbeliefe , Mary doth it to be confirmed in the meanes for her faith . 53 It is wonderfull , how some delighting and lying in a sinne , will correct the selfe same sinne in others , and cannot abide it in their owne children : and yet it hath been obserued , that politike dames , ciuill housekeepers , cunning whores secretly bathing their bodies in filthines , could not abide a wāton looke , or vnchast behauiour in their children . Howbeit these secret sinnes , as all others in time haue blurted out . And let such sinners know , that God will still giue them some to be as a glasse to see their owne sinnes in them , as it were face to face . Thou complainest against thy sonne , thy seruant , or against thy inferiour : but doest thou gouerne him , hast thou taught , corrected , and reformed him , hast thou gone in and out in godly life before him , hast thou taught him publikely as well as priuately , and at home as wel as abroade ? If thou hast , though thy sonne be a reprobate , or thy seruant a castaway , thou hast at the least though not cōuerted his hart , yet striken him with confusion of conscience . 54 It is both the fault and the folly of many , that being rebuked of a sinne like beasts following the drouer , or puppits following the play maister say , they doe but as others doe , wherein they rather accuse themselues of a new folly , than excuse themselues of their old fault . For thinking they doe well , because they doe as others doe ; they strengthen rather than weaken the sin , by ioyning to sinners , and increasing the multitude of sinners in that kinde ; whereas on the contrarie , if they for themselues would leaue the sinne , the number of offenders would grow the lesse , and then the number of well doers being greater than the number of euill doers , would make them ashamed of themselues , and though not for conscience sake , yet for shame , the sinne would be the sooner left . In regard whereof a godly father hearing of an heresie like to spread in the Church , got as many to subscribe to the true part , as could be gotten , which he did for this cause , that the aduersaries seeing a few holding with them , and many standing against them , might suspect their cause , and be the more ashamed of their defence . And experience proueth , that sinne is like to die shortly , which is nourished of none , but starued of all , and that sinne is like to preuaile , which is entertained of the most , and withstood of the fewest : we must beware of following a multitude to sinne . 55 Looke wheresoeuer in Realme , Citie , towne , or household there is any remnant of the Lords seede , although it sustaineth for a while some iniurie , as Noah in the old worlde , Lot in Sodome , Ieremiah among his people , and Abraham with his , yet as they are preferued from many iudgements by these men , so their eyes shall see them fall in the end . The world is not couered with water , vntill Noah be prouided for in the Arke , Sodome is spared vntill Lot be deliuered , and the Lord euen rebuked Kings for his seruant Abrahams sake . If this were so in the infancie of the Church , whilest it was in one or few families , how much more will the Lorde gouerne and preserue it now vnder the kingdome of Iesus Christ , if peaceably wee waite , vntill the arme of the Lord be reuealed vnto vs ? 56 It is an euill signe , when gentlenesse makes vs worse and wanton , more bold in disobedience , more remisse in obedience : and it prognosticateth good , to bee made by gentlenesse more free in obedience , more afraide to disobey . This being as true in the spirituall estate hath caused the Lorde to cause some to beare the yoke from their youth ; and who are more pliable to the word ? Others againe , not tasting of any crosses , which haue beene more vntractable to all good duties . Among many pawnes of God his loue , this is one chiefe , when God his blessings breede in vs humilitie and carefulnes : among manie tokens of euill , this is one , when God his benefits breede pride and fluggishnes . And this is a triall of our good , if the more wee haue , the more we feare to sinne , the more we care to doe well . 57 If in respect of sinne , the will onely be enough to conuince and condemne a man , though the worke follow not , and he is counted an adulterer before the iudgement seate of God , who hath onely looked on his neighbours wife to lust after her : so in respect of good things we must not doubt , but our good will and desire , which but for abilitie and occasion is ready to good , is also approued and accepted of God , although the effects follow not so soone , and so excellent , as we doe desire . If there be a willing minde it is accepted , according to that which it hath , 2. Cor. 8. 12. and such is our imputation with God , as is our affection : howsoeuer in effects we lagge somewhat behinde , and come short of that ende , and perfection , which is set downe in the Law. Abraham was accepted for his will , and Paul reioyceth in nothing but in his will , Rom. 7. 58 Merchants of one companie , and partners are partakers alike of all their profites and damages , which grow of their merchandise : The man and wife ioyned both in marriage , are both one flesh , and participate in well and woe one with another ; Christ Iesus by reason of that societie , which we haue together with him , giueth vs a part , and we likewise him , of all that we haue and possesse . And as a Prince marrying a meaner woman , indoweth her with all his treasure , & is contēt with her ragges , purposing now to inuest her with his robes ; So the Lord Iesus , espousing vs most vnworthie to him , is content to take the ragges of our vnrighteousnes , to endow vs with the treasures of his holines , and to inuest vs with the robes of his righteousnes . Indeed some difference is betweene the Merchants and vs ; for both the gaine and the vse of trafficke is equall among them : but betweene Christ and vs , the gaine of his glorie is ours , deserued and purchased by his obedience : and the losse of our deserued death is his , and charged wholly vpon him , though our disobedience hath purchased it . 59 Whosoeuer is ioyned in Christ for iustification , hee must be ioyned to him in sanctification . Shall we then take the members of Christ , and make them the members of an harlot ? Shall we make the Temple of God the mansion of diuells ? Shall we doe such iniurie to the member of Christ ? Shall wee offer such violence to the Temple of God ? Shall wee being rotten imps , and yet ingraffed on the stocke Christ Iesus , willingly cut off our selues , that we might rather be fit ( for our rottenes to be laid on the fire ) than for bringing of fruite , remaine in so sound a roote ? God forbid . 50 If Christ his Crosse be as a chariot of Triumph , and as a pillar to fasten on the euidence which accused vs , if the entrance of his Passion was so grieuous , the continuance so fearefull , the ende so lamentable , and all to free vs from the guiltinesse of sinne ; it were great vnthankfulnes , to let all his paines be lost , by continuing still in the filthines of our sinne , whereby though we haue no care of our owne saluation , we shew an open contempt of Christ his precious Passion . And we are then worthie to die , in that , whereas we might liue , wee rather did chuse to die with sinne ; then to liue with Christ. If wee will not ouercome when wee may , wee shall loose the promised rewards that are giuen to them , who will not on●ly presse out the breath of sinne , and at the death of it close vp the eyes of it , but also follow it to the graue , and couer it with moules , that it neuer rise vp againe . R●uel . 3. 5. 12. 22. 61 Though we cannot wholly leaue off sinne , yet the body , life , and kingdome of sinne is weakened in vs Sinne in the godly is as a rebell , not as a Prince , it is readie to spue out treason against the Spirit , but it hath no power to rule ouer the spirit . And as a serpent cut into many pieces hath but certaine relikes of poyson , in the maimed and mangled members thereof , and is not able to exercise the like violence to a man , as when it was whole , and right membred , so howsoeuer some remnants of sinne sticke in our old , but martyred Adam , yet it hath no such force to exercise it selfe against vs , as when it was a perfect monarchie , and had the sole regiment and primacie in vs. 62 Sathan is very wise in all his attempts , hee taketh the best instruments , as politike men vse to doe in matters of importance . In Paradise he maketh choice of the most subtill beasts , and opposeth his strength to the weakest vessell . After being moued to choler for the Churches deliuerance in Egipt , he stirres vp no meane parties , but sorteth out Magicians , inchanters , mathematicall heads , & men of deeper wit and experience . Vnder the Prophets he chuseth Kings and Queenes , and they carrie the traine of the common people as the drouer doth his heard . Against Christ he setteth the profound Scribes and learned Pharises ; yea , he chuseth out Iudas , so cunning an hypocrite , that the disciples being forewarned of that treason , euery one suspected rather himselfe than Iudas . 63 The Scriptures lap vp in one sinne , all that are accessarie to that sinne , whether it be by ministring instruments of sinning , or by commaunding , or by counselling , or by consenting , or by concealing , or by communicating in the bootie gotten , or by commending the sinne , or by not hindering it , as we may , or not by dissoluing it before a magistrate ; or by not admonishing , or by not mourning for the offender ; or lastly , by not praying , when wee heare of euill , both that the malefactor may repent and wee may be preserued from the same sinne . When wee are free in euery of these , wee are not truely accessarie to the sinne . 64 Wee must beware of drawing a thicke skinne on our conscience , and of searing it vp , but rather labour to keepe it in a feeling of sinne , and in a bleeding plight , so as the least straine may presse out somewhat . Otherwise we shall soone fall to hardnes of heart ; and consequently lie open to the iudgements of God. And as the wound , which at euerie small crush shrinketh , and yeeldeth forth pure bloud , is lesse dangerous , and more curable : & as the sore , which hardly being pressed feeleth nothing there not at all bleeding , or if it yeeld , affording but a little blacke and corrupted bloud , is more dangerous , and lesse curable : Euen so the conscience , which at euery checke is melting , and resolued into godlie griefe , as feeling the least smart of the least impression of God his correction , is furthest from hardening , and neerest to the hearing : and that minde whatsoeuer , which at a griping pinch remaineth vnsensible , and at a dead blow continueth as one vnremouable as a blocke , is not onely furthest from recouering , but also in danger of a finall obduration . 65 Where God his mercies are most wonderfull , there , if they bee contemned , the iudgements of God ensue most feareful . The serpent of all beasts the wisest , abusing that wisedome , became of all the cursedst . Sodome the beautifull valley , being puft vp with pride , became the filthiest pit . The church of the Iewes , the valley of vision , not vsing it dignitie , was as a scattered wildernes , Ierusalem is an heape of stones , Sion as a thicket , the Temple as a vast vessell . The Church of Rome refusing Christ , is become the seate of Antichrist . The churches of Asia lost their candlesticke , because light comming to them , they loued darknes more than light . 66 Vntill a man by feeling the sorrowes of sinnes determineth to arise & goe to his father , the word doth say , he is not come to himselfe , as Luk : 15. in the lost child : contrariwise , when a man by feeling the sorrowes of sinne , saith , he will arise and goe to the father , the world crieth with Festus , he is besides himselfe , too much learning hath made him mad . So farre differ the iudgements of the word and of the world . 67 As the Serpent was the first instrument of sinne , ●o sinne retayneth still a qualitie of the Serpent . For first it windeth round about vs , as though it would imbrace vs , but in the end it playeth the Serpent , and with the tayle it doth sting vs. For the sorrowes which belong vnto sinne , do not commonly accompanie the fact to be committed , but the fault already committed , and doggeth the conscience to sting it to death at the time of most aduantage , for sinne taketh occasion by the law , and deceiueth , and therefore s●ayeth vs. And let not him thinke that findeth not a present controlement of conscience for euery sinne committed , that therefore he hath not offended God , for we are o●t suffered to haue the spirit of slumber for a while , that the spirit of Christ Iesus might more perfitly awake vs. 68 God his children are to reioyce , for the day of their Resurrection is their day of Redemption . Their iudgement day was , when Christ was iudged , at what time all , that are in Christ were iudged . And as the wicked are now damned , but then shall haue the sentence of damnation , so now the godly are saued , but then they shall haue the full testimonie of their saluation by Christ , yea with Christ they shall be assistants in iudg●●●●● to condemne others , so farre they shall be from comming into iudgement to be condemned . 69 Bersillai hauing done a great benefit to Dauid , the King could no● 〈◊〉 estimation how sufficiently to recompence it , but referred him and his children to ●eat Salomons table , Bersillai thought in himselfe this to be so great a recompence , that he re●use 〈…〉 . If it were both in Dauids estimation , and in Bersillaie● opinion so great a 〈◊〉 to 〈◊〉 Salomons table , how much more glorious a benefit is it to sit at Christ his table , 〈…〉 Salomon but a greater than Salomon is present ? 70 It is our corruption , that we are more grieued , when we suffer as ●el-doers , than when we suffer for euil-doing . For this is the logicke of the world , I am grieued that I am thus dealt with , because I neuer deserued it , had I done any thing worthy of punishment , it would not haue grieued me , though I had beene punished . Thou speakest like a foolish man , thou knowest not when to be grieued , and when ●ot to be grieued . For whether is it better to suffer , when thy conscience is free and suffereth not , or when with thy outward affliction thou art afflicted also of thine owne heart ? And is it not a glorious thing to suffer for well doing , wherein thy cause of griefe is the lesse , and an ignominious thing to suffer for euill doing , wherein the cause of griefe is the more ? For if rather the cause of affliction than affliction itselfe should grieue● hee , then affliction without cause of affliction being for God his cause should rather comfort thee . 71 Companie is the best thing and worst thing in the world ▪ how much and how 〈◊〉 are men beholding to it ? it maketh and marreth whatsoeuer commeth neere it 〈◊〉 as wormes do easily breede in the softest wood , so doth it commonly spoyle the best ●●●●sition . 72 When we haue any crosse it is hard lucke say we . Well , that luck , as you call it , and prouidence as I iudge it , is often more worth vnto vs than all our substance . And why so ? the reason seemeth simple , and yet is most forcible , for then we begin to be in necessitie . That is , as you thinke , a cold comfort , and I should hardly perswade you , that this argument is good . For , if I shall say that if ye did beleeue , ye should see this , as sure as your life , I know , that you would smile at it . Notwithstanding it is sure that the sense of our necessitie causeth vs to looke for a remedie , the asking of it by prayer doth assure vs to obtaine because of the promise . 73 Herein is a difference betweene children and bastards , that originall sinne in the refused , hath the roote as rottennes , the branch as dust , the bud as blasphemie , the fruite as despaire : in the elect being ouerturned with the power of affliction , then ariseth in stead of it both the blossoms of rising from sinne , and the sweete smelling fruite of conuersion vnto God. 74 There is nothing so good , but priuie pride will corrupt it , nothing so euill , but a lye will couer it . For priuie pride cast the Angels from heauen , exiled Adam out of Paradise , ouerthrew the deerest of God his children , when they were most full of the spirit , and was the last but most fierie temptation , wherewith our Sauiour Christ was assaulted . It is seene of others , before it is espied of our selues , it commeth with greatest graces of God , whereas other sinnes come with sinne , it was the first sinne in God his childe , and it will be last . For euen when all sinnes seeme to bleede , and all graces seeme to stand , herein we can be proude , that sinne is so dead , and godlinesse so abundant in vs. 75 It is good still to attend vpon hearing the word , although we feele not that inward ioy and working of God his Spirit , which either we haue felt , or desire to feele . The preaching of the word is God his ordinance : if it hath no● wrought heretofore , though it worke not presently , it may worke hereafter . And because we know not who is the man , what is the time , where is the place , which is the sermon that God hath appointed to work on vs , let vs in all obedience attend on the ministerie of euery man , watch at all times , be diligent in euery place , and runne to euery sermon which we can conueniently , because though the Lord touch vs not by this man , in this place , at this time , through such a sermon , yet he may touch vs by another . Let euery one therefore thus meditate with himselfe : Though I hearing am as dead as a stone , and feele as little as a blocke , yet I must heare still , because it is God his ordinance , I will heare , that I may obey his ordinance , and though I goe an hundred times without any profit , yet I shall neuer goe without some peace , because though I haue not that which I desired , yet I haue done that which God hath commanded . This I am sure of , so long as I am vnder the dressing hand of the Lord , I shall not perish , but in his good time I shall bring foorth fruite . But thou wilt replie , I may happily sometime feele , but it is so short and so little , and so many haue fallen away before me , that I feare I shall fall , and of a naturall vine I shall prooue wilde and an vnnaturall branch . Well , the Lord by his word will purge thee and prune thee , he will dresse thee , if euer thou hadst any working , thou shalt haue more : thou shalt not only bring forth Christ being graffed into Christ , but much fruite also being trimmed by the word . Onely seeke thou God in his word , he will not faile to be found of thee , vse thou the word which is his pruning knife , and he will worke on thee at one time or at another . 76 Great is our corruption , which turneth the grace of God into wantonnes , and maketh his bounteous liberalitie in outward things an occasion to serue our sinne , whilest abundance in the vnsanctified bringeth an inglutting of the minde , the inglutting of the minde breedeth vnthankfulnes , vnthankfulnes causeth coldnes , coldnes beginneth carelesnes , carelesnes is the way to hardnes of heart and vtter prophanenes , and prophanenes ripeneth vs for the iudgements of God to fall on vs. 77 Our owne kindred , that should draw vs most to God , often hindereth vs most from God , and it is Satans policie when he cannot preuaile against vs with the world , to vndermine vs with nature . So he suborned Lots daughters against their father , Iobs wife against Iob , and our Sauiours owne kinsfolke against him , Kain against Abel , Ishmael against Isaac , Esau against Iacob , the eleuen brethren against Ioseph , Ioab against Abner , Saul against ●onathan . 78 If we count it a great benefit to receiue a Nobleman , or any appertaining to the Nobilitie into our house , because they may after gratifie vs ; or if we thinke it a great iniurie to hurt one of the blood royall , and to withstand one of princely linage , then what a dignitie is it to entertaine the Saints allianced to Iesus Christ ? what a traiterous villanie were it traiterously to offer violence to one fearing God , who is of the blood royall and of the Lord● linage , whom he accompteth as mother , brother , or sister ? 79 Vntill we are fully staied in minde with a contentation of outward things , we can neuer be very godly . For , if either our minde be about liuing , when we haue too little for our estate ; or if our hearts wander as being stollen away to the things of this world , whe● we abound , we can neuer aspire to the spirituall power of true godlinesse . And then are we most fit to be wrought vpon by the word , and most free to striue in trauaile against ou● owne corruptions , when we are at peace and at a point for outward things , when being content with that we haue we can say , O Lord , thou art my portion , thy word haue I chosen as mine inheritance for euer , thy kingdome is my principall labour , thy face is th● chiefest thing I seeke for , thy fauour is the ioy of mine heart . 80 To haue that measure which God hath appointed vs , wee must vse such meanes as are warrantable , and with good meanes wee must vse a right heart ; neither trusting too much in them , least wee be worldly minded , neither mistrusting too much , least wee be murmurers . In this vprightnes of heart , wee must not onely be iust , that is , by euery iust title claiming our owne interest , but mercifull , that is , remitting of our owne for pities sake , euen as God remitteth vs. 81 As wee truely shew our selues to hate sinne ; we loue the contrarie grace , and as we truly loue vertue when we abhorre the contrarie sinne : so we indeed hate sinne , when we hate euery little occasion to the sinne ; and wee truly loue vertue , when wee seeke and receiue euery little meane helping to that vertue , as namely euill companie , which we must carefully auoide , vnlesse wee haue either some speciall calling , or some particular gift of God his grace , which doe onely priuiledge vs in this behalfe . 82 It is daungerous to proceede in iudgement against a man vpon a bare suspition , when no proofe can be had , both because we would be loath that the Lord should so enter iudgement with vs , as also , because it were the way as well to iudge good men vndeseruedly , as a wicked man deseruedly , for that the one may be suspected as well as the other . The Lorde hath therefore appointed , that rather an offender not conuicted of offence should goe vnpunished , then that a man vpon surmise should suffer , least so a good man should oft come into vndeserued danger . The wicked shall be sunke in destruction , and though they be not moued with God his iudgements , yet whatsoeuer they doe , they shall spinne a threed of their owne destruction , and hatch an egge of poyson to themselues . 83 Men must not be in wrath when they pray , for then it is not pleasing vnto the Lord. For as when an Instrument is played on , and it being out of tune , it doth jarre , & the noise is not so pleasing vnto them that should heare it : No more are our prayers pleasing vnto the Lorde , when we are in contention one with another , the Lord cannot abide it . 84 When one hath broken an arme or legge , and the same is healed againe ; will that man by and by lift withall , as hee doth with that other arme which is strong and perfect in health ? No , hee will spare it still a great while , for feare hee bring it out of ioynt againe , and so it should be worse to heale than it was before : So , when enemies are made friends , they must beare one with another , and not giue themselues leaue to speake anie nipping words one to the other , for then they will fall out againe , and so their contention will be worse then it first was . 85 Wee desire for the most part to doe dutie , when wee may receiue like proportion againe ; which thing in praying one for another ought much to moue vs. For as we pray for others by vertue of Gods commandement ; So by the force of the same Law are wee to bee prayed for of others , all being bound vpon paine of Gods highnes displeasure to pray for vs. 86 There is a selfe-will that breeds selfe-loue , and a selfe-loue that brings a selfe-will , and selfe-will bewrayes pride , which is a monster of diuers heads . Some are proud in arrogating that to themselues which they haue not : some haue the things they boast of , but they thinke they proceed of themselues : some thinke their gifts proceed from God , but by their owne deserts : some acknowledge Gods gifts to be free and vndeserued , but they are proud of them . 87 It is strange that we should not abide to be threatned , and yet can be content to be afflicted , when as naturally wee rather desire the lesse euill ; or we would leuer bee admonished of an euill , then punished with an euill . Now a threatning forewarnes , but plagueth not , an affliction punisheth rather than forewarneth . Howbeit this bewrayes the great pride of mans heart , in that hee had rather be pressed vnder the hand of God , than reproued of a man. 88 In the estate of mariage choise may well be made of foure things . First , wee are to looke the woman be religious . Secondly , that she be chaste . Thirdly , that she be louing to her husband . Fourthly , that she be an huswife . For other things , if God cast them on vs , they are not to be refused ; if we want them we must remēber godlines is the best dowrie . 89 As God his children haue the greatest ●l●ssing● , so haue they oft the greatest crosses : which would seeme strange , but that God his wisdome must stay our ranging wits . It is good therefore to promise this assurance , that we belong to God , which will most comfort vs , though affliction so belongs to vs. 90 Because a truth may be taught , and not an whole truth , it comes to passe that many learned men , though not of purpose , open the doore to many heresies . 91 As in receiuing of a purgation , a man shall thinke himselfe sicker then in receiuing a cordiall , and yet in the end hee is not so ; so it is incident to troubled mindes to thinke themselues worse in hearing threatnings , than in receiuing of the promises , and yet it is not so : For by hearing of the Law both their title is better to the promises , and the promises more appertaine to them . 92 As no gift or bribe doth so much whet vp the minde of a good Physition , or skilfull Lawyer , as to r●lie and rest in their Arte and faithfulnes , for which they will doe farre more then for any other thing : so there is nothing doth more drawe out more assurance from GOD , as when hee seeth that throughly and confidently , yet with all humilitie we depend vpon his promise , prouidence , and power . 93 It is a danger to make a priuate offence publike , because priuate offences would be priuately admonished . Howbeit , if we see that notwithstanding our priuate dealing the sinne doth still growe , then wee are rather to make some hole into the same , than to loose the soule of such an offender , and in such a case ( not wee , but they ) haue published their owne names . 94 Although we are not to accept persons , yet we may make difference of persons , because some are more capable of good things than others . In which respect our Sauiour Christ tooke some of his Disciples with him to pray , and yet but two , ●●d those of choise : shewing and teaching vs thereby , that as wee must auoide popularitie , to seeke our owne ▪ glorie , so we must not hinder God his glorie , nor cease to doe pure things before others , who for their faithfulnes haue vpright harts , and for their wisdome can discerne of things to be well iustructed thereby . 95 It is one thing to haue as it were the pricke of a point of a needle , and another to haue a wound with the dint of a sword ; It is one thing to bee stung with the tongue of : Serpent , and another thing to be hissed a● of a Serpent hauing lost his tongue ; it is one thing to drinke the cup of gall and poyson to the dregges , and another to drinke of a cup , the bitte●nes whereof is drawne out , & Balme placed in the steed of ●t ; it is one thing to drop a fewe teares , and another to sweate drops of bloud ; it is one thing to be grieued in measure , and another thing to be heauie vnto death ; it is one thing to feele the wrath of God for sinne in our selues , but discharged in another ; another thing to haue the sinne committed of another , and sustained in our selues . 96 It is a good thing to looke to ones hart in all things , especially for vncleannes euen creeping vpon vs in holy things , and with most holy persons ; as when one shall desire in comforting afflicted mindes , to doe it rather with women then with men , and with beautifull women , rather then with others , and with rich women , rather then with poore women , wherein the heart is very corrupt , and full of matter to humble vs. 97 The diuell is a skilfull pyrate , as for emptie Barkes he neuer makes after them , but for those that are po●sed and furnished with best wares , those he pursues with maine sailes : so those that haue nothing in them the diuell esteemes them no preye , but if once wee be fraught with Gods graces , then hee malignes vs , and hoysteth euery saile , to take vs as his spoyle . 98 No man hath so good a memorie , but hee shall forget a benefit ; no man hath so ill a memorie , but he shall remember an iniurie . 99 It is worthie to be marked that Paul saith , flie Fornication : and Iame● saith , resist the diuell : for Fornication must not be stood long withall , but to put our safetie out of question , let vs flee all occasions of it : and contrariwise Sathan must not be fled from , ( for that will embolden him ) but he must be resisted by the word , and by prayer , and the power of Christ. 100 It is a maruellous thing , that a young man should be so zealous in youth , and about 40 or 50 yeares should be honest and hold his owne , but haue no such vigor as before : But we must know that euen his heate is mixed much with heate of youth , which shooteth and thrusteth out a little with a great heate and outward shew in the beginning , and that afterward the strength of godlines being sounder , a man shall be lesse vehement but farre more solid , at what time his pure zeale being naked in it selfe , for that his yong heate forsakes him , seemeth happily to be lesse , but sure it is more sound and substantiall than it was before . 101 It may seeme strange , that we are so much moued with the sermons of godlie men at our first calling , and after we haue long beleeued , that we should find ourselues so coldly and seldome mou●d . Here we must know , that at our first entrie to Christianitie , there is a more combustible matter in vs , & that euery little sparke of fire would inflame vs , that is , that we had such great ignorance , that euery principle of knowledge did affresh vs , and such prophanenes , that euery precept tooke hold on vs : but afterward being much purged and clensed both in life and iudgement , wee are not so lightly moued , we are not so soone caried away , euery course di●t will not satisfie vs as at the first . Againe , the graces of God are sweetest at the first , and sprout out much in the beginning ; for then we are as yong plant● , which in their first rising spring out more sensibly , though lesse substantially , whereas old plants spring not so fast , nor so much in sight and sense , and yet grow into a more firme and solide substance . So we sprout with a more sensible ioy at the first as vnacquainted with that thing , but after we bring forth greater fruites , things not so sensible vnto our feeling . 102 God doth alwaies heare the prayers of his children , though not according to their desires it may be , yet certainely for their good and saluation . 103 We are not so much to haue an eye to the beginning as to the ending in godlines . For Paul begun euilly , but he ended well : Iudas began well , but he ended ill . 104 Many men will praise themselues , but who shall find a faithfull man , that is , such a one as doth more negotiari in suo , than otiari in alieno opere ? It is not good , if the Lord bids vs to worke in one field , that we should go gleane in another . 105 If they be faultie that let the Sunne go downe on their wrath , what shall become of them that let the Moone change on their wrath : if the good man for speaking good things but out of time be faultie , what shall become of them who speake wicked things with a wicked heart ? 106 As it is better with a silly Sheepe to feede in a low pasture with peace and quietnes , than with the sturdie Bull to be in a fat pasture with a continuall baiting , so it is better with God his children to haue a little with ioy of conscience , than with the wicked to haue much with terrour of spirit . 107 Iohn Baptist was a good patterne for Chaplaines , who spared not his Lord and Maister in due time . 108 We must not grow to be parched heathes , or flintie rocks , that let all the drops of grace fall , for such cannot be softned . 109 The Lord doth often let the wicked liue in iudgement for themselues , and for a terrour of God his iudgements to others . 110 Many seeke the world before the kingdome of God , and so by preposterous order they lose both the world and the kingdome of God. Some indeed seeke first the kingdome of God , but not for the righteousnes of it , but for the ●ase of it . 111 Many play the diuels registers in espying the weakenesses of the godly , whose worme of conscience shall eate vp themselues . 112 We seeke as Demas , being more loth to forgoe the world than the Lord , or as Lots wife , who caried away her body from Sodom , but left her soule and affections behind . It is good therefore to professe no more than we will performe . 113 We must so hide our treasure , that though the world strip vs , yet we must keepe it from them , as the Martyrs did , whom when the world did search from top to toe , and euery veine in them , yet could they not finde this treasure . 114 God dealeth with vs as a louing father with his prodigall sonne , that is , when hee cannot get vs to doe duties , he will hire vs to do well . Seeing then God bargaineth so with vs , that he will giue vs more for our seruice than all the world , or the diuels are ready or able to giue vs , let vs receiue him : for Christ will giue vs for euery peny an hūdred folde . 115 We must not leaue , or lend time , but make a through ▪ fare of it . A man hauing sold an house may come into it , but it is as a stranger , not as the owner & dweller in the house : So we may doe sinne againe , but not as they that will continue in sinne . 116 We must leaue all sinne , one dore is as good as twentie for Satan , one poyson is enough to destroy , one plague-sore will destroy vs : wee must be wholly emptied of sinne , least wee be like to him that emptieth his mouth of filthines , and so may taste a little of sweete medicines , but because the stomacke is not emptied , filthines comes againe . 117 Oh Lord iudge me not , I iudge my selfe , oh that I may doe it in truth . 1 I haue not so loued the meanes , nor set by the Sabbaths as I should doe . 2 I haue felt exceeding pettishnes where I did owe dutie , and hardnes of heart , where I should haue pitied . 3 Besides exceeding filthy thoughts , most dangerously did I offend in , Lord. 4 My prayers are more monkish then powerfull . 5 Great hypocrisie of heart , and vaineglory in speech hath ouertaken me . Good Lord strengthen me to auoyd these things : 1 Customable praying . 2 Vaine-glorious speaking . 3 Desire of being from the meanes . Good Lord strengthen me to doe these things . 1 To be giuen to a contemplatiue life . 2 To keepe my selfe in fasting , mine eyes in heauen . 3 To meditate of * speciall things without superstition . 4 To remember my former couenants . 118 Wee must endeuour to discerne betweene one sinne and another , by the qualities and circumstances following the same ; for circumstances make euery sinne greater or smaller . 119 Being asked , whether this may be said , that a childe is , or children be regenerated ? he said , we might in hope so say , because the Apostle saith , that the roote being holie , the branches are holie , and one of the parents being holie , the seede is holy , 1. Cor : 7. yet here we must know , that he speaketh of that holines which is according to the couenant . 120 It is a great mercie of God to haue a good affection when wee haue a good occasion ; for God neuer ceaseth in offering good occasions , but wee often cease in hauing good affections . 121 When a poore man contemptuously in his charge had denyed him his tithe , hee saide , if he can charge me with want of dutie , I will supplie it , but that I may not hinder my successors , he must pay it ; And if he thinke I respect gaine more then mercie , I will giue it to the poore mans boxe . 122 Concerning our studie , it may be that a speciall working of God is in vs , that Philosophie is made vnto vs so vnsauorie , and Diuinitie so sweet . In our studies generall precepts , which may make for the truth , are to be gathered , auoiding foolish quiddities , wherby manie studie Philosophie , as heretikes the scriptures , who chuse that which confirmeth their heresies , and leaue the body and substance of the truth . 123 We then doe truly apprehend by faith Christ dying for our sinnes when we feele sinne dye in vs. 124 A good man being vehement with him in speeches , he said , you are fire , and I will be water . 125 Euen as hauing a wheale in our hands , be it neuer so little , we will not let another let it out , but wee will doe it our selues ; so when we deale with the smallest infirmities in another , let vs doe it with great tendernes , least they desire rather to admonish themselues of it , then to be admonished by vs. 126 Euen as a man hauing corne ripe , when it is readie , for ●eare it should fall away againe into the earth , reape●h it : so the Lord when a man is readie for his kingdome , least he should become earthly again , he cuts him off by death , & carrieth him into the barne . 127 As when the Arke of God was with great gladnesse receiued of the Bethsa●ites , 1. Sam. 6. 19 when it came from the Philistims , but with little reuerence vsed , it caused a death and destruction to many : so it is to be feared , and almost looked for , that vnlesse better order be taken , the Gospell which should be our life , will be our destruction and death . 128 Because we are dimme of sight , and the Lords workes haue , like the curtaines of Salomon ▪ beautie within , it is requisite that we hold our eyes neerer vnto them , and put our heads as it were within them and consider them , C●nt . 1. 129 He said to one troubled : You see now by experience , that which the world seeth by bare knowledge , that is , how God corrects in mercie , and with mercie corrects . You are humbled for vsing euill meanes ; Iob said , he desired to be strangled , & the ●aylor went about to kill himselfe . You sometime speake idly , but when you are well you must presently be thankfull . You thinke you cannot pray , the Saints pray , and when they pray not , Christ prayes for you . You feare much ; feare to sinne . You are glad when good men are with you ; but take heed you tie not Gods helpe to bodily presence . You must labour for two things : first , to come to the word : secondly , to the workes of your * calling . 130 It is a great mercie of God to be foolish and to be bunglers in sinning : and as great a iudgement for men to be wise in their sinnes . 131 When a man is most merrie , he is most neere to danger . We must feare God in prosperitie , loue him and beleeue in him in aduersitie . 132 He desired neuer to lay any worldly griefe neere his heart . 133 When he spak to one vehemently , against want of reformation , he said , I would our speech were lesse violent , and our spirits with God more vehement . Againe ( he said ) it is hard to spend our heate against our owne sinnes first , next against the want of household reformation , and against our enemies , if they be present ; otherwise it is no diuine courage . And ( saith he ) we must in this case euer trie our selues , if we speake with mourning and pitie : and we must be thankfull for the measure we haue , which if it were more would couer many hypocrites , &c. 134 To a Noble woman asking him for good counsell , he said : Madame , first God hath giuen you a birth , blood passing many , credit and countenance , wealth and abundance : in all which as you excell others , so these things require in you the greatest care of well doing . Wherfore my aduice and counsell is vnto you , to trie your heart , whether you haue in any measure beene answerable to these things in your obedience to the Gospell . 135 To one very ciuill and vnspotted in life , in outward appearance to the world , yet much tempted and troubled in minde , he spake , not as some would do , charging such with couering grosse sins vnder the cloake of hypocrisie , but farre otherwise : Because you are so blamelesse and vnspotted before men , it is Gods great mercie ( least you should be an Heretike , Papist , or proud person ) to humble you euen in the sight of your naturall corruption , seeing that thus you may see your selfe to want Christ , as well as others . 136 They that wil teach others effectually must be affected with the things they teach , as he that will humble , must be humbled , he that will comfort must be comforted . 137 There is a griefe that ends in laughter , and there is a ioy that ends in weeping : there is a mourning of the law for not doing good , or doing euill , and there is a weeping in the Gospell when we are glad if the things we haue done please God , and this ends in consolation . 138 Is not the sanctifying of the Sabbath commanded ? If they say it is a figure , then I aske what truth is therein foreshewed ? If they affirme it to be a shadow , then where is the bodie resembled ? If it be neither figure nor shadow , but a rudiment , whereunto doth it instruct vs ? And I would desire you to shew me , where they finde it rather enioyned to the Iewes , than to vs : or if it was not commanded to Adam in Paradise ? But if they can neither shew it to be shadowing nor rudimentall , but will graunt the permission of sixe daies trauell , 〈…〉 ? Now ●●●● the working ●n 〈…〉 be a permission , who 〈…〉 ? ●● the 〈◊〉 of the 〈◊〉 be a commaundement , who ●●●● forbid it ? As 〈…〉 ▪ 〈◊〉 leaue to ●●te of all the fruites of the garden , who could re 〈…〉 , the Lord restraining from one for his probation , who could haue giuen l●●●e to ●●●● of it ? Or the Lord hauing permitted 〈…〉 of all 〈◊〉 , who for conference ●●●●●●● forbid them ? The Lord hauing forbidden the vse of them in fasting , who can permit them ? 139 He said thus to ●ne in an agonie , vttering desperate things : When you are well , 〈◊〉 these speeches , because God is much dishonoured by them . And then ●● said , that to giue place in temptation is to make ●● grow on vs : we must therefore 〈◊〉 ●he diuell , and he will flee from vs. And if we feele paine , the best is in meekenes to 〈◊〉 to the Lord , and to stay in Christ. For though many in pride of nature doe conte●●●● the diuell , yet that is his aduantage , as much as in a fearefull nature . In any wife , in the temptation be afraide of yeelding : for if once our mindes be out of peace , if ●●● forsake the word , we shall goe into great extremities , vnlesse it be for the prayers of the Saints ▪ For as giuing place to lust , anger , or sorrow is dangerous , ●● also to giue place to feare is euill . 140 We must in all things euery day labour for increase of faith & repentance ; which because it cannot be done without meanes , therefore we must vse them , but ●●● in ceremonie . For we shall see that after f●●●r meanes , vsed in truth , followes greater 〈◊〉 , than vsing many meanes in ceremonie . 141 To perswade a difference between 〈◊〉 and feeling , he said , that as we cannot feele the loue of a friend , when he 〈…〉 , and yet are perswaded of his loue : so we may be without a feeling of Gods loue , and 〈…〉 perswasion of it . 142 It is wonderfull to see how God directeth the hearts of men simply minded , in the feeblenes of their senses : for as ●●●●● being ●●●●●lly minded , though he gr●ped was deceiued , so Iacob being spiritually minded , was by Gods prouidence directed , when he blessed Iosephs children , Gen. 48. 10. 14. 143 Dauid had many troubles and yet ouercame all , but the falling into sinne brake Dauids heart . 144 We must humble our selues to see Heretikes doe more for vaine glorie , and for their sect , than we will doe for Gods glorie and for his truth . 145 If once we giue consent to one sinne , we are made readie to fall into many sinnes : and making no conscience of one sinne , we shall not make conference of many and great sinnes : and so being once inwrapped in sinne , it is a hard thing to get out of the clawes of the diuell . 149 If any man make no conscience to walke vprightly , I will not free him from pouertie , from sicknes , from heresie : for as well can and will the Lord punish the minde as the bodie . 147 It is the greatest iudgement of God that can be to thriue in sinne . 148 When men begin to suffer themselues to be deceiued , it is to be feared they will be hardened ▪ Heb 3. 12. 13. 149 If you slip backe from the Gospell the stranger sort will be offended , either by noting in you singularitie , or by suspecting you for inhumanitie : But O cursed corruptions of our sinfull nature ! if we giue libertie , they will grant licentiousnes ; if we affoord consolation , they will set on presumption ; if we call for humiliation , they crie to desperation . 150 Looke often vpon Christ when you are alone , be carefull to please him ; for carefulnes and cheerefulnes may meete together in a sanctified minde . 151 He would giue to others , not such things as he loued not , but such things as he loued dearely , that they might know it to be a gift of loue . It is the temptation of the godly to feare whatsoeuer they doe , that they doe it in hypocrisie . A SHORT FORME OF CATECHISING : VVHEREIN ARE BRIEFLY SET DOWNE THE PRINCIPLES OF CHRISTIAN RELIGION , BY MASTER RICHARD GREENHAM , SOMETIMES PREACHER OF THE WORD OF GOD , IN LONDON . HEBR. 5. 12. VVhen is concerning the time yee ought to be teachers , yet haue yee neede againe that we teach you the first principles of the word of God , and are become such as haue neede of milke , and not of strong meate . IOB . 33. 16. 23. 24. Vers. 16. He openeth the eares of men euen by their corrections , which he sealeth . Vers. 23. If there be a messenger with him or an interpreter , one of a thousand to declare vnto man his righteousnesse . Vers. 24. Then will he haue mercie on him . VERITAS VIRESSIT VVLNERE TC printer's or publisher's device AT LONDON , Imprinted by Thomas Creede , for William Welbie , and are to be solde at his shoppe in Paules Church-yard at the signe of the Swanne . 1611. TO THE RIHT VERTVOVS AND GODLY GENTLEWOMEN , MISTRIS ANNE BOVVLES , AND MISTRIS A. STEVENS , H. H. WISHETH AL COMforts and mercies in Iesus Christ to be multiplied . THe holy Apostle S. Iohn saith , hee had no greater ioy than this , to heare that his sonnes did walke in the truth . The same affection all the true Ministers of Christ haue in some measure towards all the sonnes and daughters of God : specially such as they haue gained , or God by them hath brought to the faith of Christ. I am well assured you remember Master GREENHAMS great care and loue towards you , which was vnfained , because of the good experience hee had of your vnfained faith in Christ , and loue towards him . If hee had longer liued hee would haue reioyced yet much more to see your loue so increase in knowledge , and the testimonies of your loue in the fruite of righteousnesse , and in your godly perseuerance in the truth . Now receiue his workes , and what you long expected and desired to see . This Catechisme I haue sent you , that you may teach it your children , as Eunice & Lois did their children . These letters serue wel for your own vse , that you may heare them alwaies speake in his absence from you , whom you so reioyced to heare , being present with you : and that you may haue his owne very words written and set before your eyes , which you haue heard often to your great ioy sounding in your eares , that so in the end , you may be able by your good experience to comfort others , with the same comforts , wherewith yee are and haue beene by him comforted of God. For the faithfull are exercised of God diuerslie : some by outward , some by inward afflictions of minde : and some haue both troubles without , and terrours within . Such as bee not acquainted with the troubles of mind , whatsoeuer gift they haue , can bring but cold cōfort in time of need , to poore soules afflicted , as it is very manifest , both by Scripture & our common experience . Now the God of peace sanctifie you , both in spirit , soule , and bodie , and keepe you with all yours blamelesse vnto the comming of our Lord Iesus Christ. Amen . Yours euer in Iesus Christ , HENRY HOLLAND . A SHORT FORME OF CATECHISING . WHereas all men desire to bee blessed , and the most men are deceiued in seeking blessednes , tell mee which is the true way thereunto ? To know God to bee my Father in Iesus Christ , by the reuelation of the spirit according to his word , & therfore to serue him according to his will , and to set forth his glorie ; belieuing that I shall want nothing that is good for mee in this life , and that I shall enioy euerlasting blessednes in the world to come . How know you this ? By the working of the holie Ghost , and by the meanes of Gods word . What call you Gods word ? It is the reuealed will of GOD , set forth vnto vs in the holy Scriptures . Which call you the holie Scriptures ? The Bookes of the olde and new Testament , commonly called Canonicall . Are all things that are necessary for vs to know contained in them ? Yea : for God being full of all wisedome and goodnesse , would leaue out nothing that was requisite for vs to knowe . Is it lawfull for to adde or to take any thing from Gods word ? No : for God hath flatly forbidden it , and hath pronounced grieuous curses vpon those that doe it . Why is it so grieuous a sinne ? Because it is a very great sinne to alter the last will of a mortall man : therefore much more grieuous a sinne it is to change the last Testament of the eternall God. Why is it requisite that the will of God should be set forth vnto vs ? That wee might haue pure rules of his worship , and sure grounds of our saluation . Is it not lawfull to repose any part of Gods Worship , or of Saluation in the doctrine and doings of men ? No : for all men by nature are lyars , and defiled with sinne . What followeth hereof ? That all mens doctrines and doings are mingled with lyes and corruptions . How farre are wee bound to their doctrine and doings ? So farre forth as they be agreeable to Gods word . May all reade the Scriptures ? Yea , all that be of age able to discerne betweene good and euill , ought to encrease in knowledge , for their furtherance in saluation , as they encrease in yeares . Why must all such reade the Scriptures ? 1. First , because euery one must be able to prooue and trie himselfe , whether hee be in the Faith , or no , 2. Cor : 13. 5. Why else ? 2. Secondly , because euery one must be able to proue and examine mens doctrines and doings by the Scriptures , that they be not in their saluation by them deceiued . 3. Thirdly , because euery one must be able , as his calling requireth , to teach , admonish , exhort , and comfort one another . 4. Fourthly , because euery one must be able to make an account of the faith and hope that is in him . What if men cannot reade ? Then they must vse the helpe of others that can reade . Is it enough to reade the Scriptures priuately , or with others ? No : for God hath also commaunded to heare them read publikely in the Church . And is it enough to heare them read publikely in the Church ? No : for hee also hath ordained preaching to be vsed . Why must preaching be ioyned with ●eading ? Because it is the most principall and proper meanes to beget Faith in vs. Why must Faith be mixed with the Word , read , and preached ? Because otherwise the word profiteth vs nothing . How many things are requisite to bee in euery one that will come to heare the Word read and preached ? Amongst others , foure are necessarie . What is the first ? 1. First , a reuerend feare of the Maiestie of God. 2. Secondly , an assured faith in Christ. 3. Thirdly , an earnest endeuour to frame our liues thereafter . 4. Fourthly , they must pray for the holie Ghost to bee giuen them , to enlighten their mindes , and to write all these things in their hearts . Which be the principall parts of Gods word ? The Law and the Gospell . What call you the Law ? It is that part of the Word that commaundeth all good , and forbiddeth all euill . What if wee could keepe the Law ? Then wee should be blessed . What if wee breake the Law ? Then we are subiect to the curse of God , and so to death and damnation . What call you the Gospell ? It is that part of the word which containeth the free promises of God , made vnto vs in Iesus Christ , without any respect of our deseruings . What doth that worke in vs ? It worketh in vs a true and liuely faith in Iesus Christ , whereby wee lay holde of the free remission of our sinnes in him , and the true repentance of them . What must wee learne by the whole word of God ? Two things : — 1. First , to make a right and sound entrance to our saluation . 2. Secondlie , how to encrease , and continue in the same vnto the ende . What is required for our right and sound entrance to our saluation ? Three things are required . 1. First , to know and to be perswaded of the greatnes of our sinnes , and the miserie due to the same . 2. Secondly , to know and be perswaded , how we may be deliuered from them . 3. Thirdly , to know and bee perswaded what thankes wee owe to — God for our deliuerance . How shall wee come to the right sight of our sinnes , and a sound perswasion of the greatnesse of them ? By the spirit of God leading vs into the true vnderstanding of the Law , and a due examination of our selues thereby . Where is the Law set downe ? It is written in many places of the Scriptures , but the summe thereof is contained in the ten Commandements . Rehearse them . I am the Lord thy God , thou shalt haue none other gods but me . How are they deuided ? Into two principall heads or tables , as they be called . What doth the first table teach vs ? It teacheth vs our dutie towards God , and is contained in the foure first Commaundements . What doth the second teach vs ? Our dutie towards our neighbour , and is contained in the sixe last Commandements . Why are the duties towards God set downe before the duties towards our neighbour ? 1 Because the loue of God is the ground of the loue of our neighbour . What followeth hereof ? 2 That none can rightly loue his neighbour except he first loue God. Why are the duties towards our neighbour ioyned to our duties towards God ? 3 Because the loue of our neighbour is the proofe of our loue towards God. What ensueth hereof ? 4 That none can loue God aright , except he also loue his neighbour . Why are the Commandements set downe in ten parts , and not in generall ? 5 Because God is not pleased with doing our duties in generall or in some part , but he will be wholy serued in all and euery one of his Commandements . Why are they set downe singularly or to euery one ? 6 Because euery one must doe his owne dutie , though none goe before him . What followeth of this ? That euery one must beare his owne burthen , and none shall haue excuse by the example of others . Are there not some rules which serue for the better vnderstanding of euery one of the Commandements ? Yea , there be foure which haue speciall vses : 1 First , in euery commandement where euill is forbidden , there the contrarie good is commanded . 2 Secondly , many moe euils are forbidden , and many moe good things are commanded in euery commandement , than in words are expressed 3 Thirdly , because God is a spirit , therefore his commaundements are spirituall , and require spirituall obedience . 4 Fourthly , in euery commaundement where euill is forbidden , there the occasions of the euill are forbidden : and where good is commanded , there also the occasions of good are commanded . Rehearse the first Commandement . Thou shalt haue none other gods but me . What euill is here generally forbidden ? Euen that which the words doe import . What good is commaunded ? To haue God to be my onely God , and to be alwaies in his presence . What is it to haue God to be our onely God ? To giue him all things which be proper and peculiar to his Maiesty . Which be those that properly concerne God , and therefore be the speciall things commanded ? They be very many . Rehearse the summe of them wher● b● the rest may be vnderstood . I am bound to beleeue in God , to loue God , to feare and obey him , to pray vnto him and praise him . After what sort m●st you performe these duties of faith , loue , feare , obedience , prayer , and thankesgiuing ? With my whole mind and vnderstanding ▪ with my whole heart and my whole strength . Which bee the peculiar sinnes herein forbidden ? To faile in giuing to God any of these or the like forenamed good things , in any part or in any respect . What else is particularly forbidden ? To giue any of the forenamed good things to any creature , or any other thing whatsoeuer , whereby my heart may be withdrawne from God in any part , or in any respect . Which be the occasions of the breach of this Commandement ? 1. First , the vaine desire of the pleasures , riches , and glorie of this world . 2. Secondly , a negligent and carelesse vse of the meanes to serue God his prouidence . Are not the contrarie good things to these commaunded ? Yea. Which are they ? 1. First , a heart contented with any estate , and vsing things of this world , as though we vsed them not . 2. Secondly , a reuerend and diligent vse of the meanes to serue Gods prouidence . Rehearse the second Commaundement . Thou shalt not make to thy selfe any grauen Image , nor the likenesse , &c. What euill is expressely forbidden in this Commaundement ? I am forbidden to make any Image either to represent God , or to worship him by . What euill is generally forbidden ? I must auoide all inuentions and deuices of men in the outward worship of God , which be contrarie or besides the written word of God. Which be the speciall euills forbidden ? Chiefly all corruption in the substance of doctrine , prayer , Sacraments , and discipline of the Church . What occasions of euill be forbidden ? There be some which wee must necessarily auoyd , vnlesse wee will fall into superstition and idolatrie ; and they be these : 1. First , to ioyne the false parts of worship with the true worship of God. 2. Secondly , to be present in bodie at idolatrous and superstitious seruice . 3. Thirdly , the reseruation of some speciall monument of superstition and idolatrie . Which bee the lesser occasions forbidden , and yet ( so wee haue the speciall groundes of Gods worship ) we must , and may tolerate them , when we cannot helpe them ? 1. First , all vaine , idle , and superstitious Ceremonies . 2. Secondly , all keeping companie with false worshippers . Is not the euill in heart also forbidden ? Yea , so farre forth as I lust in my heart to haue any of them preuaile or be established . What good is generally commaunded ? All the outward meanes of Gods worship , which be agreeable to his written word . What is specially commaunded ? I must vse such doctrine , prayers , Sacraments , and discipline of the Church , as bee agreeable to Gods word in the substance . What occasions of good be here commaunded ? 1. First , to haue and vse good bookes of the doctrine and history of the Church , written according to Gods word . 2. Secondly , erecting and maintaining schooles of learning , as nurseries of the ministerie . 3. Thirdly , sufficient prouision to be made for the Ministers of Gods word . 4. Fourthly , building and maintaining Churches , and all things belonging thereunto . 5. Fi●ly , I must v●●●ll good ceremonies and orders agreeable to the word of God. 6. Sixtly , 〈◊〉 fami●●● company with the true worshippers of God. What good in heart is commaunded ? I am commaunded to vse the meanes of Gods worship , not onely outwardly , but also in spirit and truth . What is me●●● by these words : For I the Lord thy God am a iealous God , & c ? That God will punish false worship in the false worshippers , and in their posteritie vnto the ●●●rth generation . What is meant by these word● : And will shew mercie vnto thousands , & c ? Th● God will blesse his true worship in the true worshippers and their posteritie , vnto the thousand des●ent W●●t is ●●●●●●●f these ? The vse is to make false worshippe more vile , and his true worship more pretious in our eyes . 〈…〉 third Commaundement . Thou ●●●● not taketh● Name of the Lord thy God in vaine , &c. What 〈…〉 forbidden ? 1. First , 〈…〉 , ●●●ning or ●ursing , enchanting , or coniuring . 2. Secondly , all 〈…〉 by false Gods , or naming them with reuerence . 3. Thirdly , 〈…〉 swearing , or speaking of GOD without reuerence . 4. Fourthly , to c●use Gods Name to bee dishonoured by false Doctrine or vngodlie life , 〈◊〉 in my ●●●●●r in others . W●at good is herein commaunded ? 1. First , in matters concerning Gods glorie , I must sweare by GOD onely in Iustice. Iudgement . Truth . 2. Secondly , I must endeuour from my heart to growe vp in true knowledge , and a godly life , that so Gods Name may bee praised in my selfe , and by mine example in others . What is meant by these words : For the Lord will not holde him guiltlesse , & c ? That God will certainely punish the dishonoring of his Name in any sort . What is the vse of this ? The vse of this is , to make vs more fearefull to dishonour him , and more carefull to glorifie his Name . Rek●●●●● the fourth Commandement . Remember the Sabbath day , to keepe it holie , &c. What is here generally commaunded ? I am commanded to make it my whole delight , to sanctifie the holie Sabbath of the Lord from morning to night . What is 〈…〉 commaunded ? 1 , First , to vse ●ll the publike meanes of Gods worship in the congregation of Gods people . 2. Secondlie , to reioyce to vse all such priuate exercises , as may make the publike meanes ●●●●●table to my selfe and to others . W 〈…〉 bee those priuate exercises ? 1. First , the examining of my sinnes and wants , priuate prayer , reading of the Scriptures , singing of Psalmes , conference with others , and applying all things to my selfe , with a care to profite others . 2. Secondly , relieuing the needle , visiting the sicke , and them that be in prison , comforting them that bee in any miserie , reconciling them that be at variance , admonishing the vnruly , and such like . What is especially commanded ? The spirituall beholding of the Creatures of God , thereby to prouoke my selfe and others to praise him . What else is ? A diligent searching of my heart , with a like care to finde it out , and to reape some profite of the forenamed meanes , so that I may be the better for and through them . What is then particularly forbidden ? 2. All such labours and pleasures , in thought , worde , and deede are forbidden , as may hinder mee and others , for vsing of , or profiting by the same meanes . 2. Secondly , the leauing 〈…〉 of those publike meanes or priuate exercises What is here generally forbidden ▪ The vsing either of those publike or priuate meanes in ceremonie without some good fruite in my selfe , or care of fruite in others . Rehearse the fift Commaundement . Honour thy Father and thy Mother , that thy dayes may be long in the Land , &c. Whom doe you vnderstand by father and mother ? By father and mother I doe not vnderstand onely my naturall parents , but also those whom God hath set ouer me for my good , as Magistrates , Ministers , Masters , & such like . What duties doe children owe vnto their naturall parents ? Children ought reuerently and obediently to receiue the instructions , commaundements , and corrections of their parents , to succour them , and to pray for them . What are they forbidden to doe ? To refuse , or murmure at the instructions , commandements , and corrections of their parents , or to neglect any dutie belonging to them . How may they trie their loue by these duties ? They may trie whether their loue be right three wayes . 1. First , if they bee as desirous to doe all these duties to their parents , as they would haue their parents to doe all duties vnto them . What is the second ? 2. Secondly , if they be as desirous to doe all duties to their parents , as they would haue their children hereafter to honour them . What is the third ? 3. Thirdly , if they bee as willing to doe all these duties to their parents , as they would receiue long life , or any other blessing at the hands of God. What duties doe parents owe to their children ? Parents ought to teach , correct , pray , and prouide for their children . How may they trie their loue by these duties ? They may trie their loue two wayes . What is the first ? 1. First , if they be as carefull to doe all duties to their children , as they would haue had their parents in times past to haue performed all good duties vnto them . What is the second ? 2. Secondly , if they bee as carefull to doe duties to their children , as they would haue their children hereafter to be dutifull vnto them . What be the duties of Seruants to their Maisters ? Seruants ought in feare and trembling to submit themselues to the instructions , commandements , and corrections of their Maisters , and to doe no eye-seruice to them . What if Parents and Maisters doe not their duties to their Children and Seruants ? Yet they must obey them for conscience to Gods ordinance . What if they command vniust things ? Then they must obey God rather then men , and submitte themselues to their correction . Why are these words added , That thy dayes , & c ? They are added to allure vs more carefully to keepe , and willinglie to obey this Commandement . And shall not disobedience bee punished ? Yea ; it shall be rewarded with a short and miserable life . How may they trie their loue by these duties ? They may trie it three manner of wayes . What is the first ? 1. First , if they bee as desirous to doe all these duties to their Maisters , as they would haue their Maisters to doe the dutie of Maisters vnto them . What is the second ? Secondly , if they bee as carefull to doe all these duties to their maisters , as they would haue their seruants to be dutifull vnto them when they shall be maisters . What is the third ? Thirdly , if they be as willing to doe all duties to their maisters , as they would be glad to receiue long life , or any other blessing at the hand of God. What duties doe Maisters owe to their seruants ? Maisters ought to teach and correct their seruants , and to pray for them . How may they trie their loue by these duties ? They may trie their loues two wayes . What is the first ? 1. First , if they be as desirous to doe all these duties to their seruants , as they would haue their Maisters deale with them , if they were seruants . What is the second thing ? 2. Secondly , if they be as carefull to doe all these duties to their seruants , as they would be to haue their seruants to doe all duties vnto them . Rehearse the sixt Commandement . Thou shalt doe no murther . How many things are here forbidden ? Foure especially : 1. First , is forbidden , by weapon or poyson to kill our brother . 2. Secondly , by wound or blowe , or anie other meanes to shorten the life , or empaire the health of any man. 3. Thirdly , by word , countenance , or gesture , to mocke , grieue , or contemne any man. 4. Fourthly , wee are forbidden all anger , hatred , or enuie , whereby we may be brought to reuenge our selues vpon our brother . What good is here commanded ? 1. First , wee are commaunded to haue peace with all men , as much as is possible and in vs lyeth . 2. Secondly , wee are commaunded in thought , word , and deede , to seeke the preseruation of the health of our brother . Rehearse the seuenth Commaundement . Thou shalt not commit adulterie . How many things are here forbidden ? Three things are forbidden . Which is the first ? First , all outward actions are forbidden whereby the bodie is defiled , as Adulterie , Fornication , vncleannesse . How many wayes is vncleannesse committed ? Two wayes : First , either against Our owne bodies , which is vnnaturall : or , The bodies of beasts ; which is monstrous . Secondly , by marrying one 1. Of a false religion . or , 2. Of no religion at all . 3. Within the degrees forbidden . 4. Without the consent of parents . 5. It is committed by vsing the marriage bed intemperately . What is the second thing forbidden ? Secondly , all instruments and occasions are forbidden , whereby this sinne is raised vp or strengthened in vs ; and they bee all contained in this word , Wantonnesse . How is this wantonnesse seene ? In two things : First , when either 1. The whole bodie is abused in idlenes , or vaine sports : or , 2. Any part of the bodie , as the eye , the eare , the — tongue , the nose , the hand , or foote are abused . Secondly , when we doe intemperately abuse meate , drinke , sleepe , or — apparell , or vse any inconuenient companie , time , or place . What is the third thing forbidden ? Thirdly , all inward setled lusts are forbidden , wherunto the heart doth giue consent . What good is cammaunded ? 1. First , I am commaunded to keepe my selfe pure and chaste both in body and soule . 2. Secondly , to vse those meanes carefully , which may keepe vs chaste . Which ●ee the meanes of Chastitie ? Continuall sobrietie , in meate , drinke , sleepe , and apparell . Continuall painfulnes in our calling . Fasting and watching , so often as neede requireth . What if by these meanes wee cannot be kept chaste ? 3. Then thirdly , wee are commanded to marrie , and in marriage to vse those meanes carefully , whereby the marriage bed may be kept pure and vndefiled . Rehearse the eight Commandement . Thou shalt not steale . How many euils are herein forbidden ? 1. First , all those outward acts are forbidden , whereby stealth is committed . How many wayes is stealth committed outwardly in acte ? Two waies , either By our selues , and this is three waies . 1. First , all secret filching and open robberie , ●e it neuer so small a thing , for neuer so great a neede . 2. Secondly , all extortion or violent wrong , all oppression and vnmercifull dealing . 3. Thirdly , all deceit in buying and selling , or exchanging , in restoring things borrowed , found , giuen to keepe , and such like . By others , either By commanding or counselling others to steale . By keeping counsell . By consenting any way to them when they steale . Which are the second euills forbidden ? 2. Secondly , all outward occasions of stealth forbidden . Which be they ? All idlenes , wastfull spending of goods , liuing in an vnlawfull calling , all false weights , measures , coynes , and such like . What is thirdly forbidden ? 3. Thirdly , all inward stealth of the heart is forbidden . What is that ? The setled will or desire of our neighbours goods , although wee cannot get them , or for feare , ●hame , or some other respect we doe not take them . What is h● recommaunded ? 1. First , to restore goods euill gotten , or wrongfully kept . 2. Secondly , to labour faithfully in a lawfull calling , to be sparing of that wee get , and to helpe others , as their neede requireth . Rehearse the ninth Commandement . Thou shalt not beare false witnes , &c. What is forbidden herein ? Wee are forbidden not onely to beare false witnesse our selues , but also to be partakers with false-witnes bearers . How many wayes doe m●n ●eare false witnesse ? Two waies : 1. outwardly and against others , and that is in iudgement . or out of iudgement . or 2. inwardly themselues . When they denie that to bee in them which is indeed : or When they take vpon them that which belongeth not vnto them , whether it be good or euill . In Iudgement , when they giue or receiue false information , pronounce or write anie false sentence . Out of Iudgement . 1. When anie raise vp , spread abroad , or listen after false reports . 2. When anie report the faults of others without care of their credit , — or when with flattering hearts they commend any man. 2. Inwardly , either 1. In suspition without iust cause . 2. In iudgement falsly or hardly of anie man. Which bee the occasions of false witnesse hearing ? They be fleshly hatred of our enemies , the carnall loue of our selues or of our friends ; to get the things we loue , and to auoide the things we feare or hate . How are wee partakers with false witnes bearers ? If we either command or counsell it to be done . If wee mislike it not , or not stay it if we can . What is here commanded ? 1. First , in iudgement to further righteous causes , so farre forth as my calling requireth . 2. Secondly , to speake the truth from my heart to euery man , so farre forth as it is requisite for him to know it . 3. Thirdly , to be as carefull of the credit of my neighbour as of mine owne , both in his presence and absence , so farre forth as the nature of his offence will permit . 4. Fourthly , to hope and belieue the best of euery man. Rehearse the tenth Commandement . Thou shalt not couet , &c , Ar● all motions and desires euill ? No : for the desire of meate , drinke , sleepe , and such like are naturall , and in their owne nature good , vnlesse through our corruption they become sinfull . What motions be euill ? These motions be euill , which are either against God , or our Neighbour , Are all those forbidden in this Commandement . No : for all those which are against God are forbidden in the first commandement : but these motions onely are here forbidden , which are against our Neighbour . Seeing in the former Commandements wee are forbidden to hurt our neighbour in heart , how doth this differ from the former ? In the former Commandements the setled desires of the heart are forbidden : but the motions are onely here forbidden , whereunto the heart doth not consent . Whereof doe these motions arise ? They either arise from our owne corruption , or are offered by Sathan , or by the world . Are all these motions sinne in vs ? All that arise of our corruption , are sinnes in vs : but they that be offered by Sathan or the world are not sinnes ; vnles we be infected with them . How are wee infected with them ? 1. First , when weetake pleasure in them . 2. When wee be intangled with them . 3. When we suffer them to tarrie in o●●●in●es , though our hearts doe not giue co●sent . How is this Commaundement brok●● ? Three waies . 1. First , when euill motions arise of our corruption , moouing vs to hurt our Neighbours . 2. Secondly , when we be infected with those motions which Sathan or euill men doe put ●nto our mindes . 3. Thirdly , when we doe not with like affection desire the good of our Neighbour as wee doe our owne . What is then commaunded ? I am commaunded to loue my Neighbour as my selfe . Who is your Neighbour ? Eu●ry one that is neere mee , and standeth in neede of my helpe , and it lieth in me to helpe him , though otherwise he be a stranger vnto me , or my foe . Why iudge you so ? Because of the Image of God in him , and that hee is mine owne flesh in respect of our first parents . Doth the Law of God prescribe the perfect rule of righteousnes ? Yea , for there is no good thing in deede , worde , or thought , but heere it is commaunded , and likewise no euill , but heere it is forbidden . Can euery one keepe the Law of God perfitl● ? They that are not borne againe of God cannot keepe it , neither in all , nor in any one point , as pleasing God thereby in respect of themselues . Why so ? Except a man be borne againe of God , hee cannot see the kingdome of heauen , not enter therein , neither can hee keepe the commaundements of God : moreouer , all men by nature being borne and conceiued in sinne , are not only insufficient to any good thing , but also disposed to all vice and wickednes . What punishment is due to the breakers of Gods Law ? In this life the curse of God , and death , with manifold miseries both of body or soule , or both . What else ? Where this curse is not taken away , euerlasting death and damnation both of bodie and soule in the world to come . But God is mercifull . Hee is indeed full of mercie , but hee is also full of righteousnes , which must fully be discharged , or else wee cannot be partakers of his mercie . And cannot wee by our selues make satisfaction for our sinnes ? We cannot by any meanes , but rather from day to day encrease our debt . But doth not God wrong to man , to require of him that he is not able to performe ? No ; for God made man so , that hee might haue performed it : but hee by his sinne , spoyled himselfe and his posteritie of those good gifts . Can anie creature in heauen or earth , which is onely a creature , make satisfaction to his righteousnesse ? No , none at all : for , First , God will not punish that in another creature , which is due to be paid by man ; and besides , none that is onely a creature , can abide the wrath of God against sinne , and deliuer others from the same . What manner of man is to be sought out to bee our Mediatour and Deliuerer ? Hee which is indeed a very man and perfectly righteous , and more mightie than all creatures , that is hee which also is very true God. Why must hee be man and perfitly righteous ? Because that the righteousnes of God requireth , that the same nature that sinned , should pay , and make amends for sinne . Why must hee be God withall ? Because that by his godly power hee may abide the burden of Gods wrath in his flesh , and may get againe and restore to vs the righteousnes and life which wee haue lost . Who is that Mediatour , which is very God and very man , and perfi●ly righteous withall ? Our Lord Iesus Christ , who was made vnto vs Wisedome , Righteousnes , Sanctification , and Redemption . What is the vse of all that hetherto hath b●ene taught ? The vse is , to bring vs to a sound perswasion and f●eling of our sinnes , because they haue deserued so grieuous punishmēt , as either the death of the sonne of God , or hell fire . Are they onely deliuered from the curse of the Lawe , and made partakers of the merites of Christ that are truely humbled ? They onely and none other : Es●i , 57. Matthew . 5. 3. 4. 5. and as for the Lawe , heauen and earth shall passe away : but one jote or title of Gods Law shall not fa●e till all be fulfilled . How is the truth of Gods Law fulfilled ? It is fulfilled in - 1. Gods children ; because it bringeth them to be truely humbled in themselues for their sinnes , and then sendeth them to Christ , in whome it is fully fulfilled . 2. The wicked ; because it declareth to them their iust confusion , — when to the ende they either presume or despaire . Is sorrow for sinne sufficient to bring vs to Saluation ? No : for wee must also haue a true Faith. What is that true Faith that saueth vs ? It is a true perswasion of the mercies of God merited by our Lord Iesus Christ. How shall wee attaine to this true Faith ? By the spirit of God , giuing vs this true perswasion by the Gospell . Where is the Gospell declared vnto vs ? It is generally declared vnto vs in the holy Scriptures : but the Church of God hath gathered out of them a certaine summe thereof . Which is that ? The Articles of our Christian faith , commonly called the Creede . Rehearse the Articles of our Christian faith ? I belieue in God the Father Almightie , maker of heauen and earth , &c. Into how many p●●●t● are these Articles diuided ? Into two : The first is , of Faith in God. The second is , of Faith concerning the Church . What are you taught to beleeue in the first part ? In the first part , I declare that I beleeue in God the Father . Sonne . H. Ghost . Why say you I belieue in God and not in Gods ? Because there is but one onely true God , vpon whome my Faith is wholly stayed . Seeing there is but one God , why name you three , the Father , Sonne , Holy-Ghost ? Because that God hath so manifested himselfe in his word , that these sundry persons , are but one true and euerlasting God. Why say you I belieue in God , and not rather , that there is a God ? By saying , I belieue in GOD , I declare that I put my whole trust and affiance in God ; whereas the Diuels and wicked men belieuing that there is a God , yet cannot put their whole trust and confidence in God. Why say you I belieue , and not , Wee belieue ? Because I must be saued by mine owne faith , and not by the faith of another . Why call you God FATHER ? Because hee is the Creator of heauen and earth , and so is the Father of all creatures . Why call you God , Creator of heauen and earth , and not Maker of heauen and earth ? Because hee created all things of nothing ; for to Create , is to make a thing of nothing ▪ but to make , is to make a thing of that which was something before . Why call you him Almighti● ? Because as hee created all things of nothing , so doth hee preserue and guide them by his Almightie power , wisedome , Iustice , and mercie . What comfort doth this article 〈◊〉 ▪ It ministreth vnto me ●oure notable comforts 1. First , that all the good Angels of God shall watch ouer me ▪ & pitch their tents about me . 2. Secondly , that neither the diuell nor men shall haue any power to hurt mee , but when , and as farre forth as God doth giue them leaue . 3. Thirdly , that I shall haue a profitable and conuenient vse of all Gods creatures . 4. Fourthlie , though I suffer hu●t by Sathan , or want of the creatures ; yet all this shall turne to my good in the ende . How can this bee ? Because God can doe it as an Almighty God , and will doe it as a most mercifull and l●●●ing Father . True it is , that by Creation wee had this benefite but wee haue ●●st it ▪ & are bec●me the children of wrath : how then can God become our Father and shew his merci vn● vs ? He is become our Father by Faith in Iesus Christ the Sonne of God. What beleeue you of God the Son●e ? 1. First , I beleeue that hee is able to worke my saluation . 2. Secondlie , I beleeue that hee hath wrought it indeed , after that manner that is set downe in the Creede . How can you beleeue that hee is able to worke your saluation ? I doe belieue it , because hee is both God and man , and hath an office from God the Father to worke my Saluation . By what words in the Creede doe you belieue Christ to be God ? By these words , His onely Sonne : I declare that I belieue in Christ the onely begotten Sonne of God , begotten of his Father before all worlds , God of God , Light of Light , verie God of very God , begotten not made , beeing of one substance with the Father , by whome all things were made . Why call you him the onely begotten Sonne of God ? Because hee is the alone Sonne of God by nature . How can this bee , seeing Adam , the Angles , and we also , be the sonnes of God ? Ad●m was the Sonne of God by Creation , which wee haue lost , but yet wee be the sonnes of God by regeneration . Why was it r●qui●●te that he should be God ? Because nothing but God was able to abide and ouercome the wrath of God , and the punishment due vnto sinne . What comfort haue you by this that Christ is God ? Hereby I am sure , that hee is able to saue me , by reconciling mee to the Father , that he may make me the childe of God. By what words in the Creede doe you shewe that you belieue Christ to be man ? By these words , Borne of the Virgine Marie , I doe shewe , that Christ is borne of the Virgin Marie , as others bee , and subiect to all infirmities of man , sinne onely excepted . Why are these words added ; Conceiued by the holie Ghost ? To shewe , that Christ by the holie Ghost was conceiued in the wombe of Marie , ( shee continuing still a pure Virgine ) and that hee was borne holie and without sinne , whereunto all other men by nature are subject . Was it n●edfull that Christ should be without sinne ? Yea , for otherwise the Godhead and Manhood could not be ioyned together : and againe , if hee had been a sinner , he could not haue satisfied for the sinnes of other men . Why was it requisite that Christ should be Man ? Because the righteousnesse of God requireth , that the same Nature which had sinned , should also pay and make amends for sinnes . What comfort haue you by this that Christ is man ? Hereby I am assured , that Christ is fit to suffer the punishment of my sinne ; and being man himselfe , is also meete to bee more pitifull and mercifull vnto men . What fruite haue you by his holie Conception ? I am assured that this holy Conception hath couered the corruption of my nature , and that his pure Conception shall be imputed vnto me . What comfort haue you by this that hee is both God and man ? By this I am most certainly assured , that he is able most fully to finish my saluation , seeing that as he is man he is meete to suffer for sinne ; as he is God , he is able to beare the punishment for sinne , and to ouercome in suffering : and therefore hee is called IESVS . What doth IESVS signifie ? It doth signifie a Sauiour . W●y doe you c●ll him IESVS ? I doe call him IESVS , ( that is , a Sauiour , ) because he saueth me from all my sinnes , and because there is none other meanes whereby I may in part or in whole bee deliuered from them . What comfort haue you by this ? My comfort is euen the same which I haue said , and the rather because GOD from heauen gaue him his name , and the Church on earth hath subscribed therevnto . What signifieth CHRIST ? It signifieth Annointed ▪ W●y is hee so called ? Because he was annointed to be a Prophet for all his people , and so for mee . Priest for all his people , and so for mee . King for all his people , and so for mee . How gather you this ? By the annointing of Prophets , Priests , and Kings , which were figures of him . Was Christ annointed with materiall oyle as they were ? No : but he was annointed with all gifts of the holie Spirit without measure . Why d●e you call him Prophet ? Because hee was , he is , and euer shall be the onely teacher of the Church . What were then the Prophets and Apostles ? They were his Disciples and seruants , and spake by his spirit . What comfort haue you by this ? Hereby I am sure , that he will leade me into all truth , reuealed in his word , needfull for Gods glorie and my saluation . Why call you him Priest ? Because offering vp himselfe a sacrifice once for all , he hath satisfied for all my sinnes , and maketh continuall intercession to the Father for me . What comfort haue you by the Priesthood of Christ ? Hereby I am assured that he is my Mediatour , and that I also am made a Priest. How are you made a Priest ? By him I haue freedome and boldnes to drawe neere , and offer my selfe , and all that I haue to God the Father . Why call you him King ? Because ●e doth guide and gouerne me vnto euerlasting life by his word and spirit . What comfort haue you by this ? Hereby I am assured , that by his kingly power , I shall finally ouercome the flesh , the world , the diuell , death , and hell . Why call you him Lord ? Because not with gold nor siluer , but with his precious bloud hee hath purchased vs to bee a peculiar people to himselfe . What comfort haue you by this ? Seeing he hath paid such a price for mee , he will not suffer me to perish . What is the second thing wherein the faith of Christ consisteth ? Secondly , I beleeue that he hath wrought my saluation indeed after that manner that is set downe in the Creede . After what manner hath he wrought your saluation ? 1 By his most painfull sufferings for sinne . 2 By his most glorious victorie and triumph ouer sinne . In what words are his most painfull sufferings expressed ? In these words ; Suffered vnder Pontius Pilate , was crucified , dead , and buried , he descended into hell . What is the generall meaning of these words ? By them I shew my selfe to beleeue , that Christ endured most grieuous torments both of body and soule . What comfort haue you by this ? I am freed from all those punishments of bodie and soule which my sinnes haue deserued . How then commeth it to passe , that we are so often afflicted with grieuous torments both in bodie and soule ? Our sufferings are not by desert any satisfaction for our sinnes in any part , but being sanctified in the most holy sufferings of Christ , they are medicines against sinne . Why are these words added ; Suffered vnder Pontius Pilate ? Not onely for the truth of the storie , but also to teach that he appeared willingly and of his owne accord before a mortall Iudge , of whom he was pronounced innocent , and yet by the same he was condemned . What comfort haue you hereof ? That my Sauiour thus suffering not any whit for his owne sinnes , but wholy for mine and for other mens sinnes before an earthly Iudge , I shall be discharged before the heauenly iudgement seate . What is meant by this ; That he was crucified ? That he died not onely a common death , but such a death as was accursed both of God and man. What comfort haue you by this ? I am comforted in this , because I am deliuered from the curse which I haue deserued by the breach of the law , and shall obtaine the blessing due vnto him for keeping of the same . What is meant by this ; That he died ? That his soule was separated from his bodie , so that he died a corporali death . Why was it requisite that he should die ? Because by sinne came death into the world , so that the iustice of God could not haue beene satisfied for our sinnes , vnlesse death had beene ioyned with his sufferings . Why is it ●rther added , That he was buried ? To assure vs more fully that he was truely dead . What comfort have you by his death and buriall ? 1 I am comforted , because my sinnes are fully discharged in his death , and so buried , that they shall neuer come into remembrance . 2 Secondly , my comfort is the more , because by the vertue of his death and buriall sinne shall be killed in me , and buried , so that henceforth it shall haue no power to reigne ouer me . 3 Thirdly , I neede not to feare death , seeing that sinne which is the sting of death is taken away by the death of Christ , and that now death is made vnto me an entrance into this life . What is the meaning of this , He descended into hell ? This is the meaning ; that my Sauiour Christ did not onely suffer in body , but also in soule did abide most vnspeakable vexations , griefes , painfull troubles , & feare of minde , ●●to the which both before , and most of all when he hanged vpon the crosse , he was cast . What comfort haue you by this ? I am comforted in this , because in all my grieuous temptations and assaults I may stay and make sure my selfe by this , that Christ hath deliuered mee from the sorrowfull griefes and paines of hell . What beleeuest thou in this article , Hee rose againe from the dead ? I belieue that Christ in his manhood hath suffered for mee , and that he did in the third day , ●●● againe by his owne power from the dead . Wherin doth this article minister comfort vnto thee ? In three things : 1. His resurrection doth assure me , that his righteousnes shall be imputed to me for my perfect iustification . 2. it comforteth mee , because it doth from day to day raise me vp to righteousnes and newnes of life in this present world . 3 It ministreth vnto me a comfortable hope , that I shall rise againe in the last day from bodily death . What beleeuest thou in this Article , Hee ascended into heauen ? I belieue that Christ in his humane Nature ( the Apostles looking on , ) ascended into Heauen . What comfort haue you thereby ? 1. I am comforted in this , that Christ hath prepared a place for mee in heauen : which now I see by Faith , and her●a●ter shall fully enioy . 2. I am comforted by his intercession to the Father for me . What fruite haue you by his intercession ▪ 1. First , it doth reconcile me to the Father , for those sinnes which I doe daily commit . 2. Secondly , being reconciled in him , I can pray to GOD with boldnesse , and call him FATHER . What is the meaning of this article , Hee si●tteth at the right hand of God the Father ? I belieue that CHRIST in mans nature , was aduanced by the FATHER vnto that high authoritie , whereby hee ruleth all things in heauen and earth . What comfort haue you thereby ? 1. I am comforted , because I shall receiue from him all things needfull for mee vnder his gratious gouernment . 2. By his power all mine enemies shall be subdued , and troden vnder my feete . What beleeue you in this article , From thence hee shall come , & c ? I belieue that Christ shall come in his Majestie , to pronounce sentence vpon all those that were dead before , and vpon them that then shall befound aliue . What comfort haue you by this ? 1. I am comforted in my greatest miserie , knowing that CHRIST will come one day and 〈…〉 of all . 2. I am sure that hee will giue sentence on my side , and take me to glorie with him . Why say you I beleeue in God the holie Ghost ? Because he is God , equall with the Father and the Sonne . Why call you him ●●● ? Because hee is the Author of all holinesse . What fruite haue you by this ? 1. The holie Ghost doth assure mee that I am the childe of God , by making mee to call him A●●● Father . 2 ▪ He assureth me , that by the vertue of the death and resurrection of Christ , that sinne dieth in mee , and I am raised vp to holinesse of life . 3. The holy Ghost leadeth me into all truth needfull to Gods glorie & my saluation . 4. Hee comforteth mee in all my troubles , and in death assureth me of a better life in this same bodie and soule . What is the meaning of this article , I belieue that there is a Catholike Church ? That God hath a certaine number of his chosen children , which hee doth call and gather to himselfe . Why say you , I belieue that there is a Catholike Church . Because that the Church of God cannot be alwayes seene with the eyes of man. Why call you the Church Holie ? Because the Church on the earth though in it selfe it is sinfull , yet in Christ the head it is holy , and in the life to come shall be brought to perfection of holines . Why doe you call it Catholique ? Because God in all places , and of all sorts of men had from the beginning , hath now , and euer wil haue an holy Church . What is the meaning of this article , The Communion of Saints ? The whole Church communicateth with Christ , and euery member one with another in the benefites of Christ. What comfort haue you by this article ? 1. I am comforted , because I am iustified by that Faith whereby Adam and Abraham were iustified , which is tyed to no time , or place , and excludeth no person . 2. I am comforted , because I am made partaker of Christ and all his mercies by Faith , and of all the blessings of the Church by loue . What belieuest thou in this article , I belieue the forgiuenesse of sinnes ? I belieue that God for Christs sake doth freely forgiue me , not onely all my sinnes , but also the punishment that I haue deserued by them . Why say you , I belieue the forgiuenesse of sinnes ? Because no reason can perswade mee , but the holie Ghost onely must worke the assurance of it in my heart . What comfort haue you heereby ? 1. First , I am comforted , because all the sinnes I haue , and daily commit , shall neuer be laide to my charge . 2. Secondly , I am comforted , because that the weaknes and wants of all my duties are couered and supplied in Christ. 3. Thirdly , I am comforted , because God will heare mee praying for others , that they may haue Faith to * feele the forgiuenes of sinnes . What belieuest thou in this article , The resurrection of the body vnto life euerlasting ? I belieue that this bodie after it shall be dissolued into dust , shall bee raised vp againe at the last day , and my soule shall liue in euerlasting glorie . What comfort reape you thereby ? 1. I am made comfortable and chearefull in well-doing , seeing my labour shall not be in vaine . 2. I am made to despise the pleasures and glory of this world , and with patience to suffer all troubles that are laide vpon me in this present life . 3. It comforteth me ouer the death of my dearest friends , and maketh mee carefull in death , knowing that I shall haue a part in the resurrection of the iust . What fruite haue you when you belieue all these Articles ? All doe come to this ende , that being iustified by faith , I am righteous in Christ before God. What be the seuerall fruites ? 1. First , I am at peace with God , although in my selfe for my outward sinnes which I daily commit , and my inward corruption which remaineth , I am daily accused . 2. I get strength to fight against my outward sinnes , to subdue my inward corruption , to doe outward good workes , and to delight in the law of God in the inward man. 3. I haue a right to all Gods creatures , so that the vse and want of them shall turne to the furtherance of my saluation . 4. I am assured of the glorification of my soule and bodie in the heauens , because I am made an heire of euerlasting life . Why is this giuen wholly and onely vnto Faith ? Not because Faith doth deserue it : but because the merits of Christ can be laid holde on and applyed to my selfe , by none other meanes but by Faith alone . Cannot our good workes in some part iustifie vs before God ? No : for the righteousnes which is able to stand in the iudgement of God , must be perfect in all respects . Are not our good workes perfect ? No : for in many things wee sinne all ; and againe , the best workes we doe , are defiled with sinne , and therefore can deserue nothing at the hands of God. Why then doth God promise a reward vnto them ? The reward that God doth promise , it is not for the desert of workes , but of his owne grace and mercie . Will not this doctrine make men carelesse of well doing . No : for they that be ingraffted into Christ , must needes bring forth good workes . Why is it needfull that they should doe good workes ? 1. First , that wee may by them shew our selues thankfull vnto God for all his benefites . 2. That we may be assured of our Faith and election by good works . 3. That by our good workes wee may edifie others . How maiest thou edifie others ? 1. First , by encouraging and strengthening those that are good . 2. Secondly , by winning those that are not come vnto God. 3. And then by stopping the mouthes of the wicked . 4. The fourth ariseth of the former , and that is the glorie of GOD , which is aduanced by them . Are good workes so needfull , that without them wee cannot be saued ? Yea : for although good workes doe not worke our saluation in any part , yet because they that are iustified are also sanctified ; they that doe no good workes , declare that they neither are iustified nor sanctified , and therefore cannot be saued . Then they must much more be condemned , which commit sinne and lye in it ? Yea : for such are not onely pronounced to bee accursed by the Law , but also the Gospell hath denounced , that they shall not inherite the kingdome of heauen . Can euery one doe good workes ? None can doe good workrs , but they that are borne againe . How can they that are thus borne againe doe good workes ? They that are thus borne againe , and carrie in them the Image of God , haue repentance wrought in them ; from whence good workes doe proceede . What is Repentance ? Repentance is a turning of our selues to GOD , whereby wee crucifie and kill the corruption of our nature , and reforme our selues in the inward man , according to Gods will. What is it to crucifie the corruption of our nature ? It is truely , and with all my heart to be sorie , that I haue angred God with it , and with my other sinnes , and euery day more and more to hate it and them , and to flie from them . How is this sorrow wrought ? It is wrought in mee partly by the threatnings of the Law , and the feare of Gods iudgements , but especiallie increased by feeling of the fruit of Christ his death , whereby I haue power to hate sinne , and to leaue it . How is this reformation of our selues wrought in vs ? Onely by the promises of the Gospell , whereby we feele the fruit of the rising againe of Christ. What doth insue hereof ? Hereby wee are raised vp into a new life , hauing a law written in our hearts , and so reforme our selues . Hereby it appeareth that none can repent of themselues , or when they will ? Yea : for it was saide before , that it is the gift of GOD , giuen vnto them that are borne againe . By this it is also euident that Gods Children stand in neede of Repentance , so long as they liue ? Yea : for there is none of Gods Saints but alwayes carrying this corruption about them , they sometime fall , and are farre from that perfection of goodnes , which the Lord requireth . Se●ing it was said before , that good workes did proceede from Rep●ntance , what properties are required of workes ? 1. First , that they be such as God hath commanded in his Law. 2. Secondlie , that they that doe them bee such as be ingrafted into CHRIST , and continue in him . What say you then of the good workes of them that be not in Christ ? They doe no good workes , because they neither are as yet members of Christ , nor doe offer them to GOD in the Name of Christ. 3. The third propertie of workes is , that they may bee to glorifie God , and to assure our saluation . Is it not lawfull to seeke our owne praise and merit by our owne good woorkes ? No : For all our good workes are imperfect , and saluation is onely merited by the death of Christ , as was saide before . We haue heard that the Law worketh the knowledge of our sinnes , and feeling of our miseri● What meanes hath God ordained to worke and increase Faith in vs ? Hee hath ordained 1. The Gospell to beget and breede it in vs. 2. Prayer 3. Sacraments 4. Discipline 5. Affliction . — to confirme it in vs. What is the Gospell ? It is that part of Gods word , whereby the holie Ghost worketh in vs a liuely Faith , to apprehend the free remission of sinnes in Iesus Christ. How many kindes of Faith be there ? Two , a Generall Faith , whereby I belieue God to be true in all his workes . Speciall , and this is either whereby I belieue God to be iust in his threatnings , and so am made penitent ; Or , whereby I belieue him to bee made mercifull in his promises , and so come to repentance . What difference is there betweene Penitence and Repentance ? Penitence is a sorrow for sinne , wrought by the Law : Repentance is a recouering our selues from sinne , wrought by the Gospell . Is there such difference betweene the Law and the Gospell ? Yea : for the Law differeth from the Gospell in foure things . 1 , First the Law reuealeth sinne , rebuketh vs for it , and leaueth vs in it : but the Gospell doth reueale vnto vs Remission of sinnes , bringeth vs to CHRIST , and ●reeth v● from the punishment belonging vnto sinne . 2. The Law commandeth to do good , and giueth no strength : but the Gospell inable●● vs to do good , the holy Ghost writing the law in our hearts , & assuring vs of the promise . 3. The Law is the ministerie of wrath , condemnation and death ; but the Gospell is t●e ministerie of grace , iustification , and life . 4. In many points the Law may be conceiued by reason ; but the Gospell in all poin●● is farre aboue the reach of mans reason . Wherein doe they agree ? They agree in this , that they bee both of God , and declare one kinde of righteousnesse , though they differ in offering it vnto vs. What is that one kinde of righteousnesse ? It is the perfect loue of God and of our neighbour . What thing doth follow vpon this ? That the seuere law pronounceth all the faithfull righteous . How doth the Law pronounce them righteous ? Because that they hau● in Christ all that the Law doth aske . But yet they remaine transgressors of the Law. They are transgressors in themselues , and yet righteous in Christ , and in their inward man they loue righteousnes and hate sinne . What then is the state of the faithfull in this life ? They are pure in Christ , and yet fight against sin . What battell haue they ? They haue battell both within : the battell of the flesh against the Spirit . and without : the temptation of Sathan . the world . How shall they ouercome ? By a liuely Faith in Iesus Christ. 1. Ioh. 5. 4. What call you th● flesh ? The corruption of our nature , wherein wee were borne and conceiued . Doth that remaine after regeneration ? Yea : it dwelleth in vs , and cleaueth fast vnto vs so long as wee carie the outward flesh about vs. How doth the flesh fight against the spirit ? By continuall lusting against the spirit . What is that ? 1. By hindering , or corrupting vs in the good motions , words , and deeds of the spirit . 2. By continuall moouing vs to euill-motions . words . deeds . What call you the spirit ? The holie Spirit , which God in Christ hath giuen vs , whereby wee are begotten againe . D●● wee not receiue the spirit in full measure , and in perfection at the first ? No : but first , we receiue the first fruits , and afterward the daily increase of the same vnto the end , if the fault be not in our selues . How doth the Spirit fight in vs ? By lusting against the flesh . How doth it lust against the flesh ? 1. First , partly by rebuking , and partly by restraining in vs the euill motions and deeds of the flesh . 2. By continuall inlightning and affecting vs with-thoughts , words , deedes . agreeable to Gods wil. What call you the world ? The corrupt state and condition of men , and the rest of the creatures . How doth the world fight against vs ? By alluring and withdrawing vs to the corruptions thereof . What meanes doth it vse ? 1. It allureth vs by false 1. Pleasures 2. Profit 3. Glorie . of this world , from our obedience to God. 2. It allureth vs other-paines , losses , and reproches , to distrust Gods promises whiles by How shall wee ouercome the pleasures , profit , and glorie of this world ? 1. By a true Faith in IESVS CHRIST , who despised all these things to worke our saluation , and to make vs ouercome them . 2. By Faith in Gods word , that feareth vs from doing any thing against his will. How shall wee ouercome the Paines , losses , and reproches . of the World. 1 , By aliuely Faith in Iesus Christ , who suffered all those things to worke our saluation , and to inable vs to suffer them . 2. By a ●ledfast Faith in Gods promises and prouidence , that wee shall want no good thing , & that all things seeming hurtfull , shal be turned to the furtherance of our saluation . What call you Sathan ? The aduersarie of enemie of God and his people . How doth hee fight against vs ? 1. By subtiltie , alluring vs to sinne , and therefore ●e is called a Tempte● or Serpent . 2. By laying fearefully to our charge our sinnes committed , and therefore hee is called the Diuell , an accuser . 3. By seeking by manifold inward terrors and outward troubles to swallowe vs vp , and therefore is called a roaring Lyon. How shall wee fight against Sathan and his temptations ? 1. By Faith in Iesus Christ , who ouercame all his temptations in his owne person , that so wee might ouercome in him . 2. By resisting the inward motions and outward occasions of sinne . How shall wee do● that ? By belieuing that wee are baptized into the death and resurrection of Christ. How shall wee ouercome Sathan , and his accusations ? 1 By Faith in Iesus Christ , who hath iustified vs from all the sinnes for the which hee can accuse vs. 2 , By all those comfortable promises of forgiuenes of sinnes , which in CHRISTS Name are made vnto vs. How shall we ouercome him in our terrors and troubles ? 1. By Faith in Iesus Christ , who was heard in all his troubles , to giue vs assurance that wee shall not be ouercome in them . 2. By Faith in Gods prouidence , whereby wee know that hee can doe no more vnto vs than the Lord doth direct , ( and as it were ) giue in commssion for our good . Wee haue heard that the Word is the first and chiefe meanes not onely to beget , but also to strengthen and increase Faith in vs : What is the next principall meanes ? Prayer is the next principall meanes , seruing for the strengthening and encreasing of Faith. What is Prayer ? It is a lifting vp of the minde , and a powring out of the heart before God. Is there any prescript rule of Prayer left vs in the Scriptures ? Yea , euen the Prayer which our Sauiour CHRIST IESVS taught his Disciples , called the Lords prayer . Is it lawfull to vse no other forme of words ? Wee may vse another forme of words , but wee must pray for the same things , and with like affection , following the same rules which are prescribed in that prayer . How is that prayer diuided ? It is diuided into the Preface , or entrance to the prayer . Prayer it selfe . Conclusion , or shutting vp of the prayer . Which is the Preface ? Our Father which art in heauen . What doth the Preface put vs in minde of ? 1. First , of him to whom wee pray . 2. Secondly , of our owne estate in prayer . To whom doe we pray ? Onely to GOD the Father . Sonne . Holy Ghost . Why do you heere name the Father ? Because discerning the persons , wee pray to the Father secretly vnderstanding it , that wee doe in the mediation of the Sonne , by the working of the holie Ghost . Why must wee pray to the Father in the mediation of CHRIST his Sonne ? Because GOD being displeased for sinne , we can haue no dealing with him , but onely by the meanes of his Sonne , in whom he is well pleased . Why is it required that wee pray by the working of the HOLY GHOST ? Because the holie Ghost assureth vs that hee is our Father ; and whereas wee know not what to pray , nor how to pray , the holie Ghost doth teach vs both . What must wee be perswaded of , and how must wee be affected in prayer ? Partly concerning . ourselues : 1. Wee must be truly humbled ; which is wrought in vs two wayes : 1. By a perswasion of our sinfull miserie and vnworthines to be helped . 2. By a perswasion of the louing mercie — of God in heauen that must helpe vs. 2. We must haue a certaine confidence we shal be heard : and this is wrought in vs , 1. By faith , being perswaded that God loueth vs as his own childrē , in our L : Iesus Christ. 2. By faith , being perswaded that our Father being God Almightie , hee is able to doe — whatsoeuer he will in heauen & in earth . others We must bee per swaded ▪ 1. That all Gods people pray for vs. 2. That it is our bounden dutie to pray for others as well as for our selues . How are the petitions deuided ? Into two parts : for 1. We make request for those things that concerne Gods Majestie . 2. For those things which concerne our owne welfare . Which be those that concerne Gods Majestie ? The three first : 1. Hallowed be thy Name . 2. Thy Kingdome come . 3. Thy will be done in earth as it is in heauen . What is meant by the Names of GOD ? 1. The Names and Titles of GOD , as Iehouah ; the Lord of Hostes ; and such like . 2. The 1. Wisedome — of GOD. 2. Power of GOD. 3. Mercie of GOD. 4. Goodnes . of GOD. 5. Truth . of GOD. 6. Righteousnes of GOD. 7. Eternitie . — of GOD. Why bee these Names called the Names of GOD ? Because as names serue to discerne things by ; so GOD is knowne to be GOD , by these things . What is meant by the word Hallowed ? We pray that as God is glorious in himselfe , so he may be declared and made knowne vnto men to be a most glorious God How shall Gods Name be declared to bee holie and glorious ? 1. First , we pray that his wisedome , power , goodnes , mercie , truth , righteousnes , & Eternitie , may more and more be imparted and manifested vnto vs and other of Gods people . 2. Secondly , wee pray , that according as wee know these things , so the fruites of them may appeare in our , and other Gods peoples liues , that so Gods Name may bee honoured and praised . What doe wee pray against in this petition ? 1. First , wee pray against all ignorance of holie things wee should know , and want of workes , whereby God wants of his glorie . 2. Wee pray against all false religion , wickednesse , and vngodlinesse , whereby Gods Name is dishonoured . I cannot as yet finde any more of this Catechisme ; If any man haue the rest in his priuate vse , he shall doe well to communicate the same vnto the Church for the good of manie . HONI SOIT QVI MAL Y PENSE THE SECOND PART OF THE WORKS OF THE REVEREND AND FAITHFVLL SERVANT OF IESVS CHRIST , MAISTER RICHARD GREENHAM , MINITSER AND PREAcher of the Word of GOD , containing seuerall Treatises , the Titles whereof appeare in the next Page following . Psalme 94. 12. Blessed is the man whom thou chastisest , O Lord , and teachest in thy Law. AT LONDON , Imprinted by Thomas Creede , for William Welbie , and are to be solde at his shoppe in Paules Church-yard , at the signe of the Swanne . 1611. SVCH TREATISES AND MATTERS AS ARE CONTAINED IN THIS PART , ARE THESE . 1. A comfortable Treatise for an afflicted conscience , on the 18. of the PROVERBS . vers . 14. 2. Another short treatise of the same argument . 3. The markes of a righteous man. 4. Notes of election . 5. A treatise of Contract . 6. A large treatise of the Sabbath . 7. Short notes of our saluation , and of an vpright heart ▪ 8. Necessarie rules for the profitable reading of holy Scriptures . 9. A treatise of the Resurrection . 10. A treatise of Examination , both before and after the Lords Supper . 11. A treatise of Gods feare . 12. A treatise of hypocrisie . 13. A treatise of Anger . 14. A treatise of blessednes . 15. A treatise of Fasting . 16. A treatise of sending the holy Ghost . 17. A short treatise of Prayer vpon the wordes of the Prophet Ioel , chapt . 2. vers . 32. alleadged by Saint Peter , Acts 2. vers . 21. royal blazon or coat of arms TO THE RIGHT WORSHIPFVLL SIR DRV DRVRIE KNIGHT , GENTLE-MAN-VSHER OF HER MAIESTIES PRIVIE CHAMBER : AND MAISTER THOMAS FANSHAW Esquire , the Queenes Remembrancer in her Highnesse Court of Exchequer : H. H. wisheth the increase of all mercies and comforts , in Iesus Christ for euer . SOme of these Treatises ( Right Worshipfull , ) serue well to teach vs both the daunger and ▪ the cure of the greatest * wound a man can haue on earth : the rest differ in argument , yet haue one generall scope , as namely the building of Gods people in the faith and obedience of Christ. Herein first I request your worships patience , to take some view of a short representation of the whole booke , by speciall branches , couching the authors owne very words and matter in this compendious forme following . The first treatise is of a wounded spirit , wherein this faithfull seruant of Christ teacheth vs : 1. How great an euill the wound of the spirit is : for that the very Pagans and Papists can beare great afflictions till their spirits be wounded , but if their minds be deiected , they will disp●tch themselues with any violent death : and the faithfull also cast downe with Gods arrowes ▪ and sight of their sinnes and the feeling of Gods hand vpon their mindes , Iob , Dauid , Ezekiah , Ieremiah , mourned heauily for the wound of the spirit . 2. What comfort the true peace of conscience carries with it , able to free vs from all discomforts of this life : and contrarily how the minde appalled , no blessing can long cheere vs in this present life . 3. How mad they be which by violent death seeke to end their afflictions of minde : for that this is the onely way to increase their torments : for if their burthen be great here , it is intollerable in hell . 4. How most men seeme actiue , painfull , and prudent to preuent and foresee other troubles and euils : but few regard with any care a● all to preuent the troubles of minde . How many trauell with great skill for riches , and honour , &c. but few take any paines for the precious treasure of the peace of a good conscience . 5. Preseruatiues against afflictions of minde are the searching of our sinnes past and present , great and small : and the examination of our faith . 6. In examination for sinne , we may not content our selues to haue left them . We must also heartily sorrow for them , euen the sinnes of our youth : for if we doe not truly repent vs of them , they may againe rebound vpon vs ( saith he ) after many yeeres to the great affliction and tormenting of our minds . 7. Examination of sinnes , must be as well of sinnes committed after our calling as before : for these sinnes of all other bite sorest and pearce deepest . Couer them not , but confesse them to God in time least thou be constrained to blaze them abroad to thine exceeding griefe and torment . 8. After knowledge and light receiued from God , note euer what sinnes sway most in thee , by the often checks of thy conscience , and so labour to auoide them , being grieued for them : which if thou doe not , thou canst not escape either hardnes of heart ▪ or afflictions of minde . 9. Sinnes of omission haue much distempered Gods good children , the negligent vse of the meanes of saluation , and for the not putting of their gifts in practise ; many haue beene whipoed afterwards in their naked consciences , and the Lord hath euen pearced them in their secret bowels . 10. Some are troubled for their priuate pride , and this is a good preparatiue to receiue Christ ▪ Some for doing more in shew than in truth , abusing their knowledge , in that they make it but a maske to iuggle in , and for that they make but the●r affections to fight with their owne iudgement . Some righteous men are troubled when they offend not ( for they are their owne greatest accusers ) for some secret corruptions in other matters : so that there is nothing more difficult , than to search our hearts to the bottome for sinnes past and present , for priuie pride , hidden wants , and secret corruptions . 11. That we must carefully auoide too scrupulous a feare , as well as carnall securitie . If the aiuell finde vs voide of all feare , he thinkes his assaults must be stronger , because our resistance is the weaker : but if he finde in vs a cowardly feare and fainting of heart , before we strike one stroke against him , he will suddenly stab vs to the heart , and make a spoile of vs. 12. If we see the godly afflicted in their consciences , either before or in the issues of death , we may not conclude therefore they are hypocrites , or great sinners before God : for that the Lord may as well make triall of their faith , as take punishment of their sinnes , as we see in Iob and others : for ( saith he ) if such affli●tion come principally for sinne , then the greatest sinners should haue the greatest afflections . 13. When any shall come to the cure of soules afflicted , they must not begin with words of compassion onely ; God is mercifull , &c. but first with a gentle searching of their sores , labouring to draw out of them the confession of some speciall and secret sinnes . 14. All griefes are either confused or distinct ●rising of knowne or vnknowne causes . The spirituall Physition must wisely consider of the originall of the euill , whether it be in soule or bodie , or both : for this cause he warneth that in this distemper , the Physitions counsell be neuer seuered , nor the godly ministers labour neglected . 15. The persons ministring in this affliction must be men learned , of sound iudgement , wise , and of good experience , meeke and of most louing spirits . I counsell thee ( saith he ) if thou canst not come to the particular sight of sinne i● and by thy selfe , vse the helpe of such men , vnto whom thou must offer freely thine heart to be g●ged an● searched , and the whole course of thy life to be examined by the bright shining glasse of the law of God. 16 A certaine cause or knowne sinne is either alreadie committed , and not repented : or a sinn● not committed , but whereunto we be tempted . If troubles come for some speciall sinne committed , say thus : Doth this one sinne so displease thee ? and deserue I thus to be punished and farre more grieuously for this one ? how great then should my punishment be , if thou shouldest so deale with me for all my other sinnes ? If the heart be terrified with feare of the commission of sinne , for temptations and motions vnto si●ne : we are not so much to dispute with our motions , as to resist them strongly by instant and extraordinarie watchfulnes in prayer . 17. If thou labourest in this due examination of thy selfe ▪ thou shalt in time be able to discouer the veines , bodie , age , and strength of many temptations in others , by an holy experience which God hath taught thee , thou shalt see into mens secret corruptions and be able to beget an inspeakeable ioy in others , who may be tempted as thou ar● ▪ or hast beene , 18. Againe , when men proceed in this cure , they must remember two speciall groundes : first ▪ to labour that the afflicted may be perswaded their sinnes are pardonable , and their sores curable . Secondly , that their visitations is not so much a signe of Gods wrath and anger , as a seale of his mercy and fauour : for that it is not blinde and barren , but like to be plentifull in good effects , & fruitfull in godly issues . 19. Albeit some in this cure , suppresse the Law and applie the Gospell onely : yet I see not ▪ but that there must bee a sound sorrow for sinne , before the pardon of sinne be sealed , and men must know and acknowledge themselues sicke , before they seeke the Physition : yet here is wisedome required , neither to presse the Conscience too seuerely , nor to release it too vnaduisedly 20. Lastly , in applying the Law to some persons afflicted , hee warneth vs wisely to obserue : First ▪ whet●er wee speake to man or woman , for that wee may vrge the Law more strictly to the man as being the stronger . Secondly , whether they haue knowledge or no : for the ignorant in this case , thinkes neuer any so tempted , and Sathan perswades him that hath knowledge , that he hath sinned against the holie Ghost . Thirdly , whether strong or weake , more or lesse wounded for their sinne . Fourthly , whether by nature they are more fearefull and melancholike . Fifthly , whether it bee a signe of infirmitie , or of custome . Sixthly , consider well the persons age ▪ estate , and condition of life ; for Temptations and Afflictions doe varie according to all these . And yet remember well how there be many ( of what condition , sexe , & knowledge soeuer they are ) which be more troubled for the v●xation of t●eir mindes distempered , then for the vilenes and horriblenes of their sinnes committed : as fearing some outward shame , rather then humbled for their inward sinne . Seuenthly , the time is to be obserued : to be more milde in the burning ag●● of their fit●es , but more sh●rpe in admo●ition in their intermission and rest . Eightly and lastly , to beare patiently the impatiencie of the sicke : remembring alwaies the wordes of Gods blessed spirit : A wounded spirit who can beare ? And thus farre concerning the principall contents and rules of the first Treatise . The second is of the very same argument : and here hee commendeth these holy obseruations following : First he willeth vs , in afflictions not so much to fasten our eyes vpon them , as vpon the ende which is most sweete and comfortable . 2. That the Lord shackleth vs the more wit● the chaine of his chastisements , because wee are more carefull to ●ee vn● urthened of our afflictions , than to be freed from our sinnes . 3. How the godly should reioyce in their godly sorrowe for sinne , for that it is an earnest of their regeneration . And that they take heede to disqui●t themselues , because they are pestered with wicked motions , suspitions , delusions , vaine phantasies and imaginations : for that the bodie of sinne will euer send forth some filthie froth , which is not onely ( saith he ) detestable to the minde rege●erate , but also would make abashed the very naturall man and vnbeleeuer , if he could see into that sea of sinne and sinke-hole of iniquitie . 4. Though wee finde in our selues manifold infirmities : though we know not whether we striue for feare of punishment , or for loue of so good a father : yet if wee feele this in our selues that we would faine loue the Lord , and be better , and being wearied and tired with our sinnes , long gladly to enioy the peace of righteousnesse , and desire to please God in a simple obedience of faith : then let vs be comforted , there is no time too late to repent in . 5. If any say his faith is weake and cold , and my conscience is as a burning furnace . I feare the Lord will pursue me with his wrath . I answere , thou doest w●ll to feare : but feare and sinne not . For that feare which sul dueth the securitie of the flesh is in all most requisite : but fight euer against that feare which hindereth the certain●y of faith , for that will encourage our enemies more fiercely to set vpon vs , 6. Hee saith , that some are vtterly ignorant of the afflictions of minde : and when they heare any speech of any such matter , they suppose they heare a man speake in a strange language . But he counselleth vs to runne vnto the Lord in this life with a troubled minde , least wee tarie with such men to be loc●t vp with the heauie fetters of desperation , when he shall summon vs to the b●rre of his iudgement in the sight of his Angels , &c. 7. In prosperitie many thinke Gods blessings are their own● right , and binde God ( as it were ) in this life to entertaine them at full charges ; and sue him as it were by an obligation , if he seeme to withdraw his hand from them : So they prouokt him , to proue to their faces by some speciall crosse and affliction , that all they haue is but lent and borrowed . But Gods children acknowledge continually that God hath rods in a readines ( though they see no present euils ) to beate them from their sinnes : and bend all their care how they may rather suffer aduersi●ie to Gods glorie , than to sleepe securely in prosperitie to enioy the pleasures of sinne for a season . For they knowe Gods graces must not bee idle in his children , but well exercised by afflictions . Thus farre for the second treatise . The third treatise teacheth vs what be the speciall markes of a righteous man. Here first hee sheweth that true righteousnesse doth not consist of any inherent qualitie , be it neuer so excellent , but is onely by imputation : for the obtaining whereof a man must feele and finde himselfe naked , and voide of all righteousnesse , and full of all vnrighteousnesse , by reason of that sinne which dwelleth in vs. 2. A man must desire to l●aue his sinnes , and to escape the punishment due vnto them . 3. To commit himselfe by faith vnto Christ , and trusting in him and in his al-sufficient merits for his full reconciliation with God. 4. A man thus iustified and reconciled , is also sanctified to walke with an vpright heart before the Lord. 5. This vprightnesse is tried by foure speciall notes . First , we must loue all good things as well as one , and hate all sins as well as one : hauing respect to all Gods commandements : Yet this rule may haue some exceptions ( saith he ) for we doe not at the first know all good , nor all euill , much lesse loue the one and hate the other as wee ought : yet let euery man walke according to that measure of grace and light receiued . For of this be assured , in that measure we like of sinne ▪ in that measure is hypocrisie in vs. Secondly , we must haue a single care to approue our selues vnto God himselfe , and to set forth his glorie in wel-doing without hope of reward , alb●it trouble come vpon vs for it . And here ( saith hee ) where as Pharisaicall Papists which neuer knewe the the true efficient , nor matter , nor forme , nor ende of a good worke , haue in elder ages farre past many of our cold Gospel●ers , it is a signe there be but a fewe righteous men on earth . And if here wee shall finde in our selues much rebellion and hypocrisie , yet marke euer our chiefest drift in all our actions : for it is one thing to doe a thing for hypocrisie , and another thing mixt with hypocrisie . The third marks is euen to proceede on , in euery good grace and in all obedience ▪ not to stay in the beginning , or to ●ide backe , when we are gone somewhat forward . And here yet Go●s children may both linger and f●ll : but they mislike and mourne for their lingering ; and if they fall , they take better hold of Christ in a new repentance : and because by their fall they haue lost much ground , they runne the faster and cheerefuller in the rest of their ra●e . The fourth note of a righteous man is to loue righteous manners , and righteous matters , as wel in others as in our selues : we must loue our superiours before vs , to follow them ; our equals to confirme them , and to be confirmed by them ; our inferiours to instruct them , and to helpe them forward in the waies of godlines . And thus farre this treatise . The fourth portion of this booke containeth his short notes of election . The fift treatise is of a contract before mariage . And here first for the commendation of this holy contract he vseth these arguments : 1. That it seemeth the light of nature commends it , for that the very Heathen did like it and approue it . 2. Our b●essed presidents set before vs in holy Scripture , they likewise recommend it in their practise . 3. The holy law instituting the same punishment for the pollution of parties contracted which it doth vpon adulterers , argueth a contract to bee a speciall promise greatly respected of God. In the next place hee sheweth , that a contract is a preparation of the parties contracted , by prayer and instruction , to present themselues for mariage in a speciall time appointed publikely before God and his congregation . Lastly , he giueth the parties contracted many holy instructions and exhortations , all grounded vpon the articles of faith and the decalogue . Thus ●at the contract : an argument greatly desired ( I am well assured ) of many , because so fewe in our age haue written of it . Now the sixth part followeth , and that is a very large and learned treatise of the Sabbath : the principall contents whereof ( as briefly as I could contract them ) I haue disposed in this order : First he sheweth the necessitie of this argument from the inconuenience of breaking and the commodities and blessings of keeping the same . ● . Inconueniences are many set downe , in respect of the wicked and vnbeleeuers , as also the true beleeuers in the Church of God , which moue many scruples concerning it , for that they are not throughly taught nor perswaded of it . The commodities and fruites also which follow the right vnderstanding and obseruation of the Sabbath , are m●ny and great : for that this day is the Lords market day , wherein he laies open the manifold graces of his holy spirit . 2. The method of handling this argument may be thus : 1. This Commandement is 1. Affirmatiue : and 2. Negatiue . The rest not so . 2. The reasons for confirmation : 1. From the end , in the word Remember . 2. From the authoritie of the Law-giue● : The seuenth day is the Sabbath of the Lord. 3. From the equitie of it : Sixe dayes thou shalt worke . 4. From proportion of the Lords owne example in the creation : For in sixe dayes , &c. A fift reason may be couched vnder all : from the time of the first institution : if before the law it was so effectuall to keepe out sinne , then much more needfull now , to recouer vs from sinne , and to keepe vs being recouered . 3. Generally he noteth how this commaundement is for words larger , and for reasons fuller than any other commaundement : because men will neither in reason so soone admit it , nor in affection be so readie to embrace and practise it . For thus hath hee done with all the rest of the Commandements , which finde entertainment and loue among men . 4. This Commandement alone hath a preface in the word Remember : where wee be taught in this first reason , that if we desire to knowe and to obey God according to the first and second tables , remember this law set ( as it were ) betweene both . Secondly , that this law was giuen before , and alwaies practised in the Church of God ▪ Exod , 16. before the promulgation in Sina● . Wherefore it is not ceremoniall , as some phant●stically haue conceiued . He addeth many reasons , this speciall argument is one . The first ende is the principall , sanctifie the Sabbath was the first end , and it is the principall . 5. The secōd reason is , from the equitie of the law , that the Lord granting vs freely sixe dayes to trauell & to merchā●ize for our selues , we should not presume to intermeddle ●or inuade the Lords owne day the seuenth day reserued for himselfe . And here againe ( against the ad●●●saries ) he s●ith , if these Commaundements be ceremoniall , then the permission of sixe daies for worke als● is but of the same nature . 6. The third reason is taken from the authoritie of the law giuer , The Sabbath of the Lord : because it must be wholy spent vpon the Lord , or attending and waiting ●n him . If the Iewe● had neede of this whole day for their instruction , &c. then haue we neede as well as they , that being freed from the manifold distraction of our callings , we might wholy giue our selues to the worship of God commanded in the Gospell . 7. The fou●th and last reason is drawne from the proportion of Gods owne example , In sixe daies God made &c. where he sheweth that God hath promised a speciall blessing to this day in the true sanctification of it . 8. After all this he meetes with very speciall obiections ▪ which are brought by aduersaries to preiudice the doctrine of the Sabbath , against the morall obseru●ion of it . And here to know what is morally and ceremonially commanded in the Old Testament , he giueth vs this speciall rule , when a thing is vrged to the Iewes , and hath a peculiar reason made properly to the I●w , then as it begun with the Iewes , it ceased with the Iewes ; but when the reason of the thing v●ged is not peculiar to the Iewes , but also belongeth to the Christians , then the thing commande● is common to Iew and Gentile . 9. The Gentiles by the light of nature can no more see the true Sabbath of the Lord , than the pure meanes and manner which the Lord hath appoynted for his worship . The morall law and the naturall law differ : for al●eit the morall law be the explaining of the natural● l●w , yet it doth not follow , that th●t which is in the morall law , is no more than that which is in the law of nature . 10. Hauing shewed the morall vse of the Sabbath to concerne the Gentiles as well as Iewes , and answered all obiections to the contrarie . In the next place he teacheth the obseruation of i● : how it is to be kept and how it is broken : what are the publike exercises of the Sabbath : with what care and conscience we should prepare our selues to meete the Lord on the Sabbath : how we must attend vpon him , for the time present in the congregation : and lastly , what our priuate exercises must be after our departure from the publike assemblie . 11 In the second part or negatiue , ●e sheweth vs in this law what workes are forbidden : and them all he referreth to these two heads : First , all workes of our ordinarie calling . Secondly , all lawfull recreations . Concerning the first kind , be they more vsuall or lesse vsuall , ●● question would be made , if men were as wise to serue God in di●i●ing the times and seasons for the ●asements of their bodies , and refreshing their soules on the Sabbath , as they b● politike for the increase of their worldly substance . And as concerning lawfull recreation on the Sabbath day : If labour be for●i●den in seede time and haruest , much more pleasu●● all the yeere long : i● things more needfull for the preseruation of lif● ▪ to the glorie of God be disallowed ; then assuredly , these lesse needfull cannot be allowed . Againe , ( saith he ) the zeale of worldlings may shame vs in our securitie : for so long as any profit drops on them , they giue no place to pleasure . Behold the policie and painfulnes of the world may teach vs what we ought to doe for our seules . And thus farre of the compendious summe of the treatise of the Sabbath . Of this argument I found three very good copies : after due examination and conference had , I haue here published the best in my iudgement , both for matter and forme , in the best manner that I can . This worke hath beene in many hands for many yeeres , and hath giuen light to some , and I trust shall giue further occasion to others to trauaile yet more herein for the good of posteritie . And whereas so many in all Churches in these daies passe by this argument of the Sabbath , and that other of Tit●e , is meere shadowes and ceremonies : it were to be wished , that as this reuerend man of God , and Maister D. B. haue painfully trauailed in the one : so the learned and faithfull seruants of Christ , would communicate their knowledge and iudgement of the other , vnto the Church and people of God. The seuenth portion is short , but containeth very good notes of saluation , and of an vpright heart . The eighth and last part o● treatise , teacheth vs very profitable and necessarie rules for the reading and vnderstanding of the holy Scripture , which be these : 1. That Gods people which will profit by pr●●●●ing ▪ must 〈…〉 the reading of the holy Scriptures ▪ for that none ( saith he ) ●ar so w●ll profit by preaching , as they that h●●e beene i●●i●●d vp in reading the Scriptures , or hearing th●m r●●d . 2 Next to profit by reading of the Scripture , ●e requireth ●●●●● speciall things to be obserued : 1. Diligence . 2. Wisedome . 3. Preparation . 4. Meditation . 5. Conference . 6. Faith. 7. Practise . 8. Prayer . 1. Diligence maketh a rough way plaine and easie : here keepe an euen course , and perseuere without wearines or starting from it . 2. With diligence desire to ioyne wisedome : for choise of matter what , of order how , of time when , to reade . For matter search things reuealed , and hunt not after things not reuealed . In things reuealed , seeke after things most necessarie , and then * things lesse necessarie . For order , first desire to lay the foundation of Christian religion , then build vpon it , as God giues thee increase of faith and knowledge . For time , we must not reade alwaies , but keepe our appointed times . The Sabbath day we may sp●●d a great part of it in reading ▪ the n●●●● daies , in the morning , at noone , and euening , when we may redeem ▪ the day from the workes of our calling . 3. Againe , a due preparation is required : whereunto appertaine : first the feare of Gods mai●s●●● w●ich serues well to correct the pride of reason and to subdue our ●ff●ctions , ●nd so to fit vs for the ch●le of Christ ▪ Secondly ▪ faith in Christ , for that he alone op●●●th ●ur vnderstanding , that we may vnderstand the Scriptures . Thirdly ▪ great desire in the heart 〈◊〉 vpon the good word of God. 4. The fourth propertie is meditation , which is the life of all good learning , and makes that we haue heard to be our owne : and this is two-fold : first of the minde or vnderstanding , discoursing of things read or heard . Secondly , of the affection , when liking any thing in iudgement , we labour that it may worke also vpon our affections . Here this rule is to be noted , that meditation without reading ●● c●r●neous , and reading without meditation , barren . 5. The fifth helpe here is conference . For if in naturall things , and in all things appertaining to this life man standeth in neede of the helpe of other men , much more in spirituall things . 6. The sixt propertie after reading , meditation ▪ and conference is faith which he requires as an increase of that aforegoing preparation . We must beleeue in Iesus Christ by a generall faith going before : but we must vse ( saith he ) all the meanes before named , to increase our knowledge and faith in all particulars after . 7. The seuenth is practise : for this is a good way to increase our store , to put to good vse that mediocritie of knowledge , and gifts we haue receiued . And assuredly according to Christs words , we see by daily experience their gifts decay , which put them not in practise . 8. The eight rule or propertie is prayer and thankesgiuing . With this he wil● vs to begin , to continue , and to end this whole worke . Like as we haue no title to meate and drinke without our prayer : so ( saith he ) they be impudent that doe touch Gods booke without prayer . And here he requires also a spirituall thank sgiuing : for ( saith he ) if this be needfull for corporall foode , how much more for spirituall , be thankefull for any light and for euery good motion which proceedeth from Gods spirit . And thus farre the compendious summe of all these treatises . Now ( Right Worshipfull ) this holy worke I recommend to your protection : first , because I knew not any in heart more affected towards that reuerend man Maister R. Greenham , who was the author of them all . Againe , this worke in part appertaines to one of your Worships by a former dedication . And therefore I am the more bold to recommend it thus amplified and inlarged vnto you both . And the rather , for that Gods good spirit hauing so knit your hearts together in the holy faith of Christ , I may not doubt , but that this and the like blessings proceeding from the same spirit , must delight your spirits , and finde grace & acceptation with you . I haue much presumed on your Christian patience : I commend you with all yours to the tuition of the Almightie . Anno Dom. 1599. Aprill 30. Yours to vse in Iesus Christ : HENRY HOLLAND . THE FIRST TREATISE FOR AN AFFLICTED CONSCIENCE VPON THIS SCRIPTVRE . PROVERBS 18. 14. The spirite of a man will sustaine his infirmitie : but a wounded spirit who can beare it ? THis Scripture is not onely worthie to be grauen in steele with the pen of an Adamāt , & to be writtē in letters of gold : but also to be laid vp and registred by the finger of Gods spirit in the tables of our hearts . Which sentence brieflie speaketh thus much vnto vs , that what trouble befaleth a man ( his minde being vnappalled ) hee will indifferently beare it out : but if the spirite of a man bee once troubled and dismayed , hee cannot tell how to be deliuered . And no maruell : for if the minde of man bee the fountaine of consolation , which ministreth comfort vnto him in all other troubles ; if that become comfortlesse , what shall comfort it ? If it be voyde of helpe , how shall it be holpen ? If the eye which is the light of the bodie be darkenesse , how great is that darkenesse ? If the salt which sauoureth all things be vnsauorie , for what is it good ? If the minde which sustaineth all troubles be troubled , how intollerable is that trouble ? To shew this the better , I will first declare how great a punishment of God this wound of conscience is . Secondly , I will teach how this trouble of minde may be preuented and auoided . Lastly , I will set downe how Gods children falling in some measure into this affliction of spirit , may be recouered out of it . For the first , the grieuousnes of this maladie is seene , either by some due consideration of the persons that haue felt it , or by some wise comparison made betweene this griefe of minde , and other outward griefes incident vnto man. The persons in whom we may consider this wound of spirit , are either meerly naturall men , or such as be renued by the spirit of God. The men meerly naturall , are either the Heathen , such as neuer knew God in Christ , or carnall professors , such as haue not professed Christianitie aright . If we looke among the Heathen , how many of them haue willingly gone vnder all pouertie , & haue been content to vnburthen themselues of all worldly treasures ? How some of them ( whilest their mindes were not dejected ) haue suffered imprisonment , exile , & extreme tortures of bodie , rather then they would betray their countries ? How many of them haue deuoured many iniuries , and borne outward troubles , with some ease , and with no resistance , whilest their mindes were at libertie ? And yet looke not into the meanest , but the best and most excellent men among them , euen their wise Philosophers , sweete Orators , and exquisite Poets , who in bearing and forbearing , thought the chiefest point of vertue to consist ; and yee shall see when once some great distresse of minde did wound them , some would make an end of it by preparing a cup of deadly poyson : some would violently and voluntarily run on the enemies pikes : some would throw downe themselues from high Mountaines : some would not sticke to stabbe most monstrously their owne bodies with daggers , or such like instruments of death : all which men would seeme to haue great courage in sustaining man●e harmes , so long as their mindes were not ouer-mastered . But when the diuine and supreme Essence ( which they acknowledged to be God ) did by his power crosse and ouerturne their wittie deu●ses and head-stron● attempts , so as without hope of remedy they were hampered in pensiuenesse and sorrowe of minde : Then not being ●ble to turne themselues vnder so hea●ie a burthen shrunke downe , and by violent death would ●●d themselues of that disquietnesse and impatience of their troubled mindes . But let vs come neerer ; and whether wee behold the Papists , or the Familie of Loue , or the common ●●rt of Christians , wee shall see they will passe quietly through manie afflictions , whether for that they haue a spirite of slum bring and nu●●ess● cast vpon them , or whether because they haue brawned themselues through some senslesse blockishnesse , as men hewen ou● of harde O●kes , or grauen out of marble stones ● knowe not : But yet when the Lord shall let loose the co●rd of their consciences , and sh●ll set before their faces their sinnes committed ; see what fearefull e●des they haue , whilest some of them by hanging themselues , some by casting thēselues into the water ▪ some by cutting their owne throates , haue ridde themselues out of these intolerable gr●s . Now wherein is the difference that some die so senslesly , and some dispatch themselues so violen●lie ? Surely the one feeling no sinne , depart like brutish Swine ; the other surcharged with sinne , die like harking dogges . But let vs come to the children of God , who haue in some degree felt this wound of minde ; and it will appeare both in the members and in the head , of all burthens to be a thing most intolerable , to sustaine a wounded conscience . And to beg●●●e , let vs set in the first ranke I●b , that man of God commended vnto vs by the hol●● Ghost , for a mirrour of patience : who although for h●s riches hee was the wealthiest man in the land of H●z ; for his authoritie , might haue made afraide a great multitude ; and for his substance , was the greatest of all the men in the East : yet when the S●be●ns came violently and tooke away his Catt●ll ; when the fire of God falling from heauen , burnt vp his sheepe and his Seruants : when the Chalde●ns had taken away his Camels , when a great winde smo●e downe his house vpon his children , although indeed he rent his garments , which was not so much for impatiencie , as to shew that hee was not senseles in these euills : yet it is saide that he worshipping , blessed the Name of the Lord , saying : N●ked came I out of my mothers wombe and ●●●ed shall I returne againe : The Lord giueth , and the Lord taketh away , blessed ●ee the Name of the Lorde . But beholde , when at the strange conference of his comfortlesse friends , his mind began to be agast , which was not so in all his former triall ; when his conscience began to be troubled , when hee saw the Lord fasten in him sharpe arrowes , and to set him vp as a B●●te to shoote at ; when he thought God caused him to possesse the sinnes of his youth : this glorious patterne of patience could not beare his griefe ; he was heauy , and now ●ani● commend the image of a wounded spirit , to all that come after . Dauid , a man chosen according to the Lords owne heart : Eze●●●h , a pure worshipper of God , and carefull restoret of true religion : Ieremiah , the Prophet of the Lorde , sanctified and ordained to that office , before he was formed in his mothers wombe , were rate and singular in the graces and fauour of God : yet when they sel● this wound , pearcing them with gri●fe of heart , they were as Sparrowes mourning , as Cranes chattering , as Pellicans casting out fearfull cries , they thought themselues as in the g●aue , they wished to haue dwelt solitarie , they were as bottles parched in the smoke , they were as Doues mourning , not able without sighes and groanes to vtter their words , their harts claue to the dust , and their tongues to the roo●e of their mouthes . But aboue all , ( if these were not sufficient to perswade vs in this doctrine ) there remaineth one example , whom we affirme to be the perfect anatomie of an afflicted minde . This is the Lorde and Sauiour Iesus Christ , the image of the Father , the head of the body , the mirrour-of all graces , the wisedome , righteousnes , holinesse , and redemption of all the Saints , who sustained the crosse euen from his youth vpward : and besides pouertie , basenesse , hunger , did willingly goe vnder the great trouble of contempt and reproach , and that among them , where he should haue had a right deserued honour , in respect of the doctrine he taught them , & in regard of the manifold miracles he wrought among them ; as the healing of the sicke , the giuing of sight to the blinde , the restoring of life to the dead : this vnkindnesse neuerthelesse did not so much strike into him . But at what time he was set as a sacrifice for all , when he was to beare our infirmities , and carie our sorrowes , at what time he was plagued and smitten of God , humbled and wounded for our transgressions , when he should be broken for our iniquities , and the chasticement of our peace was vpon him ; then he cryed out , My soule is heauie euen vnto the death : Then he prayeth , Lord if it be possible , let this cuppe passe from me . But how prayeth he ? euen with sweating : how sweateth h● ? euen droppes of bloud : How long prayeth he ? three times : When endes his agonie ? not vntill hee was dead : What saide hee being readie to departe ? My God , my God , why hast thou forsaken me ? Was this for his humane death , as some haue imagined ? No , no , wicked men haue dyed without complaint , whose patience then might seeme to exceede his ; it was his suffering in his humane spirit , which incountred with the wrath of God , his God-head suppressing it selfe for a while : he suffered indeed many torments in bodie , but much more heauily did the wrath of God lie vpon his soule . If this consideration of an afflicted spirit in these examples doe not sufficiently shew , what a grieuous thing it is to sustaine a wounded conscience : let vs proceed to the comparing of this with other euils which fall into the nature of man. There is no sicknesse , but Physicke prouideth for it a remedie ; there is no sore , but Chirurgerie will affoord it a salue ; friendship helpeth pouertie ; there is no imprisonment , but there is hope of libertie ; Suite and fauour recouer a man from banishment : authoritie and time weare away reproch . But what Physicke cureth ? what Chirurgerie salueth ? what riches ransometh what countenance beareth out ? what authoritie asswageth ? what fauour relieueth a troubled conscience ? all these banded together in league ( though they would conspire a confederacie ) cannot helpe this one distresse of a troubled minde : and yet this one comfort of a quiet minde doth wonderfully cure , and comfortably asswage all other griefes whatsoeuer . For if our assistance were as an host of armed souldiers ; if our friends were the Princes and the Gouernours of the earth ; ●f our possessions were as large as betweene the East and the West ; if our meate were as Manna from heauen ; if our apparell were as costly as the Ephod of Aaron ; if euery day were as glorious as the day of Christs resurrection : yet if our mindes be appalled with the iudgements of God , these things would little comfort vs. Let experience speake : If a troubled minde impaireth not health , drieth not vp the blood , wasteth not the marrow , pineth not away the flesh , consumeth not the bones , if it maketh not all pleasures painefull , and shortneth not this life : sure no wisedome can counsell it , no counsell can aduise it , no aduice can asswage it , no asswagement can cure it , no eloquence can perswade it , no power can ouercome it , no scepter will affray it , no inchanter can harme it . And yet on the contrary , if a man languish in sicknesse , so his heart be whole , and is perswaded of the health of his soule , his sicknesse doth not grieue him : If a man be reproched , so he be precious in the sight of God and his Angels , what losse hath he ? If a man be banished , and yet doubteth not that heauen is his countrie , and that he is a cittizen among the Saints , it doth not appall him : If a man be in trouble , and findeth peace of conscience , he will quietly digest his trouble . But if the minde be troubled , who dare meete with the wrath of the Lord of hostes ? who can put to silence the voyce of desperation ? who will steppe out and make agreement with the helles to spare vs ? who dare make a couenant with the diuell , that hee would lay no claime vnto vs ? if then a good conscience helpeth all euils , and all other benefites in this life , in themselues cannot helpe a troubled conscience ; we see it true in proofe , which here is in prouerbe , The spirit of a man will sustaine his infirmity : but a wounded spirit who can beare it ? Againe , in all other afflictions we may haue some comfort against sinne ; this is euer accompanied with the accusation of sinne . A man may be sicke , reproched , impouerished , imprisoned , and banished ; and yet in all these haue a cleere conscience ; his owne heart telling him that there is no special cause of these cro●●es in him , but that he may ●uffer them for the tryall of his faith , or for righteousnesse sake and well doing . But when the spirit is wounded , there is still a guiltinesse of sinne , and when a mans spirit is trou●led , he suspecteth all his waies , he feareth all his sinnes , he knowes not what sinne to begin with ; it breedes such hurlyburlies in him , that when it is day he wisheth for night ; when it is night he would haue it day : his meate doth not nourish him , his dreames are fearefull to him , his sleepe oft times forsaketh him : if he speaketh , he is little eased : if he keepeth silence , he boyleth in disquietnesse of heart ; the light doth not comfort him , the darknesse doth terrifie him . To prosecute our comparisons : where all other euils are the more tolerable , because they be temporall , and pursue vs but to death : this not being cured , endeth not in death but becommeth eternall . For euen the heathen men thought that death was the end of all miserie : the perswas●ion whereof made them ( being in some miserie ) to make an ende of themselues , and hasten their owne death ; as Sathan doth make many now adaies to doe , who are ignorant of the hels , which is a place of farre greater paines than any they can suffer in this world whatsoeuer : for a tormented conscience , if before it was begun , is now continued ; or i● it was not before , now beginneth , and neuer endeth world without ende . For though true it is , that sicknesse , pouertie , imprisonment or banishment haue ended their tearme in death ; yet a wounded heart which was temporall in this life , is now eternall after this life ; that which before death was in hope recouerable , is after death made vncurable and vnrecouerable . It is good therefore to consider , if euen in this life the torment of conscience be so fearefull ; how much more grieuous is it to sustaine it in hell , where that is infinite , which here is finite : where that is vnmeasurable , which here is measurable ; where is the sea of sorrow , whereof this is but a drop ; where is the flame of that fire , whereof this is lesse than a sparke ? But to shut vp this argument : Some there haue beene who throughout all their life time , haue beene free from all other troubles , so as either they felt them not at all , or else in very small measure , and by that meanes neuer knew what outward trouble meant . As for example , some men there haue beene , who for sicknesse neuer knew the head-ach , for pouertie , neuer knew what want meant ; who for discredit , were neuer euill spoken of ; who euer put farre from them the euill day of the Lord ; who made a league with death as it were , and a couenant with hell ; who though they could crucifie euery crosse , rather than come vnder any crosse : yet they could neuer escape a wounded conscience , either in this life , or in the life to come . True it is , that Gods children by faith and repentance doe often escape it , but the wicked , and such as are borne vnto it , as to their sure inheritance , the more they flie from it , the more it pursueth them . If we haue transgressed the Ciuill Iawes , the Iudge by bribes may be corrupted ; if a man haue committed some capitall offence , by flying his Countrie he may escape the Magistrates hands : but our consciences telling vs that we haue sinned against God , what bribe shall we offer ? or whither shall we flie ? whither shall we goe from his spirit ? or whither shall we goe from his presence ? If we ascend into heauen , is not he there ? If we lie downe in hell , is he not there ? If we flie to the vtmost parts of the sea , is he not there also ? There needeth no apparitor to summon vs , there needes no Bayly arrant to fetch vs , there needes no accuser to giue in against vs ; sin will arrest vs , and lyeth at the doore , our owne consciences will impannall a Quest against vs , our owne hearts will giue in sufficient euidence , and our owne iniquities will pleade guiltie to our owne faces . Thus we see both by the experience of them that haue suffered the wound of the spirit , and by the comparing of it with other euils , what a weight most grieuous , and burthen intolerable it is to haue a tormented conscience . Now let vs shew how we may preuent , and by what meanes Gods children falling into some degrees of it ( for if it rage in extremitie , it is an euill most dangerous ) may safely and quietly be deliuered from it . And here a iust complaint is to be taken vp , and it is a wonder to be marked that we see many so carefull and watchfull to auoyd other troubles , and so few or none take any paines to escape the trouble of minde which is so grieuous . We see men louing health and loathing sicknes , in diet temperate , in sleepe moderate , in Physicke expert , skilfull to purge , and to auoid such corrupt humors , which in time may breede ( though presently they doe not bring forth ) some dangerous sicknes : yet to auoyd the diseases of the soule , no man abateth his sleepe , no man abridgeth his diet , no man prepareth Physicke for it , no man knoweth when to be full , and when to be emptie , how to want and how to abound . Others caried away with the loue of riches , and very * slie to fall into pouertie , will not sticke to rise early , and take sleepe lately , to fare hardly , to teare and taw their flesh in labour by land and by water , in faire and foule weather , by rockes and by sands , from farre and from neere : and yet to fall into spirituall decaies , to auoide the pouertie of conscience , no man taketh such paines ; as though saluation and peace of minde , were not a thing worthie the labouring for . Some ambitiously hunting after honour , and not easily digesting reproches , behaue themselues neither sluggishly nor sleepily ; but are actiue in euery attempt , by * loue and by counsell , by prudence and prowesse , by wit and by practise , by labour and learning , by cunning and diligence to become famous , and to shun a ciuill reproch : yet to be glorious in the sight of God and his Angels , to fall before the heauens , & in the presence of the Almightie to be couered with shame and confusion of conscience , we make none account , as they , who neither vse any meanes to obtaine the one , nor auoid those occasions which may bring the other . Others vnwilling to come within the reach and danger of the law , that they may escape imprisonment of body , or confiscation of goods , will be painefull in penall Satutes , skilfull in euery branch of the ciuill law , and especially will labour to keepe themselues from treasons , murthers , felonies , and such like offences deseruing the punishment of death : yet when the Lord God threatneth the seizure both of soule and body , the attaching of our spirits , the confiscating of our cōsciences , the banishing of vs from heauen , the hanging of vs in hell , the suspending of our saluation , the adiudging of vs to condemnation for the breach of his commandements , no man searcheth his eternall law , no man careth for the Gospell , neither the sentence of euerlasting diuorcement from the Lord , neither the couenant of reconciliation is esteemed of vs. And to reach our complaint one degree further . Behold , the more we seeke outward pleasures and to auoid the inward trouble of minde , the more we haste and runne into it , and suddenly plunge our selues in a wounded spirit ere we be aware . Who posteth more to become rich , who hopeth lesse to become poore , than the marchant man ? who aduentureth great treasures , who hazardeth his goods , who putteth in ieopardie his life ; and yet suddenly he either rusheth vpon the rocke of hardnesse of heart , or else is swallowed vp of the gulph of a despairing minde : from which afterwards he cannot be deliuered with a ship full of golde . Wofull proofe hath confirmed , how some men ( wholy set on pleasures , such as could not away to be sad , and to be hedged vp alwaies of godly sorrow ) haue had their tables made snares , and euen their excesse of pleasures hath brought excesse of sorrowes , and whilest they laboured to put the euill day farre from them , they haue vsed such follies , as haue bred them most bitter and terrible torments of their fearefull and trembling consciences . There be some of another sorte , who neuer dreaming of a troubled minde , haue had their hearts set on nothing , but how they might get some great fame and renowne : and therefore haue slipt into such vaine-glorious attempts , and foule flatteries , as they haue not onely lost the peace of their consciences , but also fallen most deepely into reprochful shame , which they sought to shun . Now as the peace of conscience & ioy of minde is such a treasure , as the eye hath not seene , the eare hath not heard , nor the tongue expressed , but passeth all vnderstanding : so the wounded spirit is such as the eye hath not seene it , the eare hath not heard it , nor the tongue vttered ; but passeth all vnderstanding . And as they onely know what the peace of minde meaneth , that feele it : so they alone can in trueth speake of a troubled minde , that haue tasted of it by experience . But let vs shew what way is to be vsed to keepe vs from this wound of the spirit . It is the vse of Physicke , as to cure vs of diseases when we are fallen into them ; so to preserue vs from sicknesse before it hath taken hold of vs : it is the power of the word , as to asswage the trouble of conscience , when it doth once presse vs ; so to preuent it before it hath ouertaken vs. It is a chiefe point of worldly wisedome not to tarie for the vse of Physicke vntill we be deadly sicke ; but to be acquainted with Gods mercifull preseruations to defend vs from it : likewise it is a chiefe policie of a godly Christian , not onely to seeke comfort when the agonie is vpō him , but also to vse all good helps to meet with it before it comes . And we condemne them of follie , who will not as well labour to keepe themselues out of debt , as to pay the debt when they owe it : so it is a madnesse not to be as circumspect to auoid all occasions , which may bring trouble of minde vpon vs , as we would be prouident to enter euery good way which may draw vs out of this trouble , when we haue once entred into it . The remedies preseruatiue , are first the searching of our sinnes , and then the examining of our faith . The searching of our sinnes , is the way to the due acknowledging of our sinnes , and to the true sense and feeling of our sinnes . The acknowledging of our sinnes , is either of those that be past , whether we haue vnfainedly repented vs of them : or of those which be present , whether we be truely grieued for them . Thirdly , of those secret corruptions , which in the course of our life are likely to come , whether we are reuerently afraide of them , and resolue to suppresse them with all our endeuour . Concerning sinnes past , we must call to minde the sinnes done of old , in our youth , in our middle age , in our old age ; that we iudging our selues , may not be iudged of the Lord : that accusing of our selues , Sathan haue no occasion to accuse vs ; and throwing downe our selues before the Lord , he may lift vs vp . For many going quietly away , and sleeping in carnall securitie ( notwithstanding the sinnes of their youth ) and neglecting to make conscience of their sinnes done long agoe ; suddenly haue fallen into such horror of minde , that ( the violent remembrance of all their sinnes surcharging them ) they haue beene ouerwhelmed . This examination doth then rightly proceed , when it reacheth to the errors of this life , and to the sinnes of our youth ; because many men ( euen from their childhood , by a ciuill righteous life ) hauing escaped grosse sinnes , wherewith the world could neuer charge them , haue notwithstanding caried the burthen of their secret sinnes done in their youth , Dauid ( Psal. 25. 7. ) prayeth the Lord , not to remember the sinnes of his youth : Iob ( 23. 6. the man of God ) confesseth that the Lord writing bitter things against him , made him to possesse the iniquities of his youth . What , shall we thinke , that Dauid or Iob were giuen to notorious wickednesse in their youth ? No , they knew they were subiect to youthfull wantonnesse and vnstayednesse of their affections ; which though it did not burst out , yet it made them lesse carefull to glorifice God ; which loosenesse , the way to leudnesse ; which weakenesse , the way to strange vanities ; which wantonnesse , the way to open wickednes , is euen in the best of Gods children in the daies of their youth : which being afterwards in the time of their regeneration , brought ( as it were ) to iudgement , and laid before their consciences , doth cause them to repent . But here is a thing to be blushed at , which maketh mens eares to tingle when they heare it ; that many men ( farre no doubt from this true repentance ) can largely indeed discourse of the things done in their youth : but with such a brauerie , with such boastings , and pleasing of themselues in the remembrance of them , as besides that they prouoke others to sin in the like , and set themselues a flat back ▪ byas against repentance , and this christian examination ; they seeme to renue the decayed colours of their old sinnes , with the fresh suite of their second pleasures therein . But alas , what pleasure haue they in those things , whereof they haue no profit ? what profit haue they of those things whereof they should be ashamed ? Neither in this streine can we forget the madnesse of them , who may seeme to steppe one degree farther towards this examination of sinne than did the former ; by thinking that the leauing of sinne , and repenting of sinne is all one . Against these both dayly experience and the word of God doth sufficiently decline . Ioseph ▪ brethren ( Iacob his sonnes ) who deuised euill against their brother , put him into the pit , and sold him vnto strangers ; did cease from this crueltie : but yet they are not read to haue remembred their sinnes with any remorse , vntill thirteene yeeres after the sinne was committed ; as we may see in the processe of the historie . Dauid had left his sinnes of murther and adulterie ( as thinking all quiet and well ) the space of a whole yeere ; after which time ( being admonished by the Prophet ●athan ) he repented of it . And experience hath tried in many , that haue had some working of God in them , that though they left their sinnes many yeeres agoe , yet because they repented not truely for them , they haue rebounded vpon them with terrible sights and fearefull visions , to humble them , and to bring them to a serious examination of them , being done and left long since . Examples whereof we neede not fetch from farre , seeing so many preachers as are acqauinted with fearefull spirits , will giue witnesse hereof . The fruite of which amazed mindes for sinnes alreadie left , is ours , to beware of sinnes which are to come . And that other mens harmes may teach vs blessed wisedome , let vs labour not onely to leaue sin , which one may doe for profit , for feare , for praise , or for weariso●nesse : but also to repent of it for conscience sake . This examination of our sins past , must be partly of those that we committed before our calling , & partly of those which were done after our calling . Euery man ( especially hauing his reason reformed by the word of God ) will graunt an examination of the life , before our true knowledge of God in Christ , to be most needfull . But it may be , some will thinke that we neede not to be so precise in the searching of those sinnes , which were after our knowledge . But seeing of all other sinnes these bite forest , and pierce deepest , for that they are aggrauated with all the mercies of God going before , and sinne is then most sinfull , when after we know the trueth , after we haue beene deliuered from sinne , after we haue beene inlightened with the grace of God , we haue fallen into it : I thinke that an examination most specially ought to be had of these sinnes . Wherfore to iterate our former examples in a new matter , as we may see the former kinde of examining of our sinnes before our calling , in the sonnes of Iacob : so we haue a patterne of the latter in the practise of the Prophet Dauid , who at the hearing of his sinnes was so troubled in his spirit , that he could not rest in the Prophets speech , telling him that his sinne was forgiuen him , but still was disquieted , as one vtterly forsaken of God , and could finde no comfort of Gods spirit in him . For as it fareth often with sores , it commeth to passe in sinnes , we are loath to haue our wounds often grated vpon , we cannot so well away to haue our sores rifled , feared , and lanced ; but fedde with healing salues : so we are hardly brought to haue our consciences ground , or our sinnes ransacked , sifted , searched , and ripped vp ; but would still haue them plaistered with sweet promises , and bathed in the mercies of God : whereas it is farre safer before incarnatiue and healing medicines , to vse corrosiue and mundifying waters , without which though some sores may seeme to close and skin vp apace , yet they proue worse , and being rotten still at the core ; they haue aboue a thin skin , and vnderneath dead flesh . In like manner , we would cloake , we would hide and couer our sinnes , as it were with a curtaine : but it is more sound Chirurgerie to pricke & pearce our consciences with the burning iron of the Law , and to cleanse the wound of the soule by sharpe threatnings , least that a skin pulled ouer the conscience for a while , we leaue the rotten corruption vncured vnderneath , and so we be constrained to cry out of our sinnes openly . As it is a folly then to dissemble our sores whilest they be curable , and after to make them known when they be growne vncurable : so it is as great folly to dissemble our sinnes whilest they may be remedied , & so after be constrained with shame to blaze them abroad , when thou maist think them remediles . But of this by the way , because we shall more largely touch it in the last part to come . It is sufficient to commit sinne before knowledge , but after some good light of the spirit to sinne breedeth either hardnesse of heart , or a troubled spirit ; both which we shall auoid if in trueth we be carefull to watch ouer our affections , and beware that after our deliuerie we fall not into sinne againe . Seuerall men , subiect to seuerall sinnes , haue their seuerall checkes in their consciences : some are ouercome with wrath , and yet after the moodie fit they can tell that the wrath of man doth not accomplish the righteousnesse of God : some are subiect to lust , and afterwards they say , it profiteth them nothing : some are giuen to a continuall course of vanitie , who notwithstanding can say , that mans life hath another ende : some slippe deepely into worldlinesse , & yet they be often weakened with most terrible checks of conscience . Well , blessed are they , whose hearts be truely grieued ; and let them beware that make daliance with sinne : for either hardnesse of heart will ouertake them , or a troubled conscience will confound them . Wherefore it comes to passe , that many spending their bodies on lust , lament that euer they so abused their strength : many giuen too much to the pleasure of this life , had griefe come vpon them , to remember how they haue spent Gods graces , lauished his good gifts , and mispent their time ; or else , if they haue not this griefe , they fall into voluptuousnesse , and draw such a thicke skin vpon their hearts , as will cause the strongest denouncings of Gods iudgements to rebound , be they driuen on neuer so hard . And sure , it is the sinne of this world , that men being controlled in their consciences , whilest they are a praying , and feele a secret charge laide against them , to beware of guile in buying and selling ; either haue these checks lesse and lesse , and so they grow to be prophane ; or else afterward they are wonderfully wounded , that they haue beene ●o worldly , so greedily pursuing earthly things ; so coldly procuring heauenly things . Thus euen our priuie thoughts ( not profited by ) are breeders of farther trouble . Now the remedie against this trouble is , willingly and wi●tingly not to cherish sinne , to wish that the Minister should touch our most priuie and secret sinnes , to be glad priuatly to be admonished , to profit by our enemies when they do reproch vs : and rather to desire ( in such a case ) to be humbled , than to suffer our selues to be flattered . This trying of ourselues must yet stretch it selfe further , not onely to the committing of euill , but also to the omitting of good . As when ( after some good working and feeling of the spirit ) we begin to fight and conflict with our owne consciences , saying : though I must pray , I must haue time also to prouide for my familie : if I goe to heare the word of God , surely I shall be in danger to loose this profit : if I thus attend vpon the exercises of religion , I shall be cut short in the vse of my pleasures . Wherefore it shall be good to search our harts , not onely in the carelesse not vsing of the meanes ; but also in the negligent watching ouer the fruites of the meanes : saying to ourselues in this maner : I haue heard a Sermon , but ( alas ) without any feeling or working vpon my affections ; I haue beene praying , but with no power of the spirit ; I haue receiued the sacrament , but without those ioyes glorious and vnspeakable , which I was wont to taste of ; I saw the discipline of the Church executed , but without any feare of sinne at all in my selfe , or compassion to the member censured . And here I dare for my owne obseruation assuredly affirme , that outward sinnes haue not beene at sometime so grieuous to Gods children , as that they haue some times vsed the meanes with little reuerence and with lesse fruite . And no maruell , we shall see many men at some times , not so much grieued for their sicknesse it selfe , as for that they haue either willingly neglected the means which might haue preserued their health , or that they haue abused the Physicke that might haue restored their health to them againe . In like manner ( I say ) it fareth with them , who either vnreuerently haue refused the meanes , which should keepe their soules from surfetting : or else vnthankefully haue abused those helpes , which might haue recouered them againe . From hence it cōmeth , that some men are as much grieued for not vsing their good giftes to the benefit of Gods Church , as others are troubled for pestering the Church with vnprofitable corruptions : or as we shall see a rich man sometimes as much humbled for not giuing money to the poore , which he might haue done , as for heaping vp riches falsely , which he ought not to haue done . And thus many ( hauing receiued good gifts and graces from the Lord ) are * seasoned & sanctified by afflictions ; whereby they are taught to put their gifts in vre , and to offer their seruice to Christ , and others are forced to hide their gifts , which cannot be without some decay of Gods glory , without offence to the weake , without the losse of many soules , which otherwise might be wonne to the Gospell , and without strengthening the hand of the aduersarie to slander our darke and dumbe profession . All which things will in the ende bring terror of minde ; because if the Lord cannot worke vpon vs by taking away goods , friends , credit , wife , children , or such like , to bring vs to repentance ; he will surely whip our naked consciences , he will enter euen into our very entrailes , and pierce our secret bowels . As we must examine our selues thus for sinnes of time past , and present , so must we vse this practise in sinne to come ▪ and this is very needfull . For were it so , that our life and conuersation were such , as neither before nor after our calling , man could iustly accuse it : yet the hidden corruption of our nature , may threaten some hainous downfall in time to come , which hath made men of very good report & conuersation to hang downe their heads , and feare their secret hypocrisie , as that which may breake forth to the shame of all their former life , in time to come . But because we forget to speake of them , that in the examining of their liues past , are much grieued for the want of sinceritie , and for priuie vaine-glorie in themselues ; let vs before we goe to the searching of our hearts in sinne to come , speake somewhat of this . Men troubled for this priuie pride are either touched , or not touched . If the veile of sinne was so great in them , that it hid Christ from them ; it is the good will of God , that by this sight of their secret sinnes they should come to see the righteousnes that is in Christ Iesus , and so they shall the better be kept from being iusticiarie Pharises . For when being a long time well brought vp , and leading a ciuill life , the diuell would perswade vs of some inherent righteousnesse in vs ; it is the wisedome of our God to touch vs with the conscience of most hidden corruptions , as also to certifie and make knowne vnto vs , that euen from our birth there was a secret seede of sinne in vs , which ( without the Lord watching ouer vs ) would surely haue broken forth to his dishonour . As for them which haue had some working in them , and yet are often plunged with sore distresses , this trouble commeth to them for two especiall causes , either for some hypocrisie , that they did more in shew than in truth : wherefore the Lord bringeth them backe againe to see their corrupt proceedings , and that they may know all their religion to be but hypocrisie , and all their righteousnesse to be but vnrighteousnesse : or for the abusing of their knowledge , in that they made it but a maske to iuggle in , and that they made their affections to fight with their owne iudgements . We must remedie this , by not thinking of our selues aboue that which is meete , and by labouring to imbrace the truth in truth . And here let vs note , that many of Gods children accuse themselues of hypocrisie , when indeed they offend not in it , ( for the most righteous persons are their owne greatest accusers ) and yet the accusation doth iustly arise from some fault on their parts : for though they haue done things in truth , yet because with truth they laboured not to see their secret corruptiōs , in some other matters , they sustaine this trouble of minde . So that there is nothing harder than to si●t and search our hearts to the bottome , whether we respect our sinnes past , or our sinnes present , whether we looke to our priuie pride , hidden wants , or secret corruptions . And to returne from whence we digressed , to the examination of our hearts , in sinne to come : let vs obserue that in Gods children there is such a iealousie , as they tremble at the very first motions , and quake at the least occasion of sinne , although because vice will sit in * residēce very neere vnto vertue , there may be in them sometime too much scrupulousnes . This feare causeth the dearest of the Saints of God to reason on this sort : O Lord , I see how many excellent in gifts , and constant in profession for a long time , whose ende hath not answered their beginnings , whose deaths were not like to their liues . This is true , whether we looke into the word or into the world : and it is a thing that may much humble vs. For though we may remember what we haue beene , and know what we are ; yet who can tell what may come vnto him hereafter . Oh that the serious meditation hereof would dwell long vpon our consciences : that with an holy iealousie we might preuent the sinne that is to come . But alas , there be some venturous knights , which think it no masterie to offer themselues to masking , minstrelsie and dauncing , nor to runne into quarrels , braules and contentions , as though they had their eares , their eyes , their hands , and their feete in their owne power , and at commandement to vse and gouerne as themselues list . Howbeit , Gods children better fenced with his grace , than those bold bayards , are afraid of these occasions : as knowing full well , that their eyes may soone be prouoked to lust , their eares may quickly listen vnto vnchast delights , their hands may suddenly strike a deadly blow , and their feete may easily be s●ared in carnall pleasures . Beware O man , be circumspect O woman , that thou prostitute not thy selfe to too much libertie : for although in comming to such lasciuious and contentious places thou diddest purpose none euill : yet for thy ventring without warrant , thou maist be ouer thy shoes in sin , and plunged in some wicked attempt ouer head and eares , ere thou beest aware . And because vice is so confine vnto vertue , beware also of superstition : for still the enemie laboureth either to make thee too hardie in sinne , or else he will cause thee to be too fearefull and superstitious ; either he will puffe thee vp with presumption , or assault thee with desperation . To these tentations our nature is very pliable : first to presumption , as may appeare by our common speech ; ●ush , the preacher is but a man as I am , I am sure he hath infirmities as others haue ; we are no Angels , our nature is corrupt , we are but flesh , I am sure you would not haue vs Gods. Thus the diuell commeth to tempt ; but he apparrelleth himselfe in another sute when he commeth to accuse , and then of a flye he makes an Elephant ; of the very smallest pricke of a pinne , a globe of the whole earth ; of a molehill a mountaine : and presseth sillie soules with feares and terrors , that they know not how to winde out themselues . If he cannot bring them to make no conscience , where they should make conscience , he will labour to bring them to make conscience where they neede make no conscience . He careth not whether thou wilt be remisse or superstitious , so thou be one of them . If he cannot get you to follow the Epicurisme of the world , as Libertines in diet and apparell ; he will make you so precise , as to thinke it a hainous sinne , to eate one bit of meate , or to weare one rag of cloath more than for necessitie . How needfull therefore it is to saile with an euen course , we may coniecture by other things which will bewray the corruption of our nature . In the time of a plague we shall see some will be so bold , that without any lawfull calling or godly warrant , they will rush into places infected ; and then falling sicke , their conscience prickes them for their tempting of God by an vnaduised boldnes , in the houre of their death . Others plunged as deepely in a quite contrarie extremitie , are too fearefull when they doe but heare of the sicknesse ; and for very feare haue beene brought to deaths doore , only by imagining thēselues to haue been infected , when they haue been most free , who oftentimes haue euen died , and that without any naturall cause that euer could be knowne , but onely through immoderate feare , and the iudgement of God comming vpon them for their infidelitie and vnbeleefe . Thus it is with vs in Christianitie , in that as well the oppressing our selues with too much feare to be ouercome , as the carnall securitie , in not fearing to be ouercome , may bring sinne vpon vs : God his children must labour for a measure , and that must be sought for in the word , which will teach them how they shall neither decline on the right hand , nor on the left ; but will guide them in the narrow way , shewing in euery thing what is vertue , what is vice ; what is the meane , what is the extreame . Among many examples , let vs consider of zeale , a most precious vertue in Christianity , so long as it is free from the extremities . Otherwise if we be cold in zeale , it is a sinne on the left hand : if we be zealous without knowledge , it is preposterous , and becommeth a sinne on the right hand . But can we not come to some perfection ? No , if you vnderstand it for an absolute vnspottednes ; albeit to that perfection which the Scripture taketh for soundnes , trueth , and sinceritie of heart , which is voide of carelesse remisnes , we may come . Neither doth the Lord deale with vs after our sinnes , nor reward vs after our iniquities : in whose eyes the most glorious actions of men , are but as waters flowing purely from the Conduit , but defiled by passing through a filthy chanell . Wherfore hauing these imperfections , let vs not seeke to be more righteous than we can be , saying for euery error of this life ; Oh , I am none of God his sonnes , I am none of his daughters : for I cannot finde that perfection in me which is to be required . But let vs comfort our selues in the truth of our hearts , and singlenes of our desires to serue God , because he is God ; and so we shall be accepted of God. I speake this to this end , that poore soules might haue comfort , and know that if they abhorre sinne as sinne , if they examine themselues for it , if they grone vnder it , if they mislike themselues for it , if they feare to fall into it ; the Lord will not pursue them with the rigor of his law , but will giue them the sweetnes of his promises ; they are no more vnder the curse , but vnder grace . But further to inforce our exhortation , to auoyde too scrupulous a feare , which hindereth the true examination of our hearts : let vs thinke that it happeneth in the spirituall conflict as in ciuill warres . We reade that many cities lying in great securitie , haue suddenly both beene assaulted and ouerthrowne ; as also how some Countries ( too much negligent in the meanes ) through an excessiue fearefulnes , haue incouraged their enemies with more greedy violence to pray vpon them . With which kinde of stratagems our aduersarie me diuell being well acquainted , doth often practise this policie . If he see vs without all feare too quietly to rest in our selues , he thinketh his assault must needes be the stronger , because our resistance is the weaker . Againe , if he descrieth in vs a cowardly feare and fainting of heart , before we once begin to ioyne battell with him ; he will set vpon our immoderate feare , and as villainously as suddenly stab vs to the heart , and make a present spoyle of vs. Common practise doth further teach vs , that when we can heare the word without all trembling at God his iudgements , when we can pray without all feare before the Maiestie of God , when we can come to the discipline of the Church without all reuerence of the ordinance of the Lord ; all is in vaine . Againe , let vs heare with too much trembling , and we shall learne nothing ; let vs pray with too seruile a feare , and our worshipping of God will be without all comfort and vncheerefull . Thus if we neither lessen sinne , that is sinne indeede , neither make sinne of that which is not sin in truth , it is good to proceed to this three-fold examination , & to lay the edge of this doctrine more neere our affections , because many will be sound in this ripenes of knowledge and barrennes of conscience , to speake , dispute and declaime of all these things very skilfully , which flickring in the circumference of the braine , and not sitting at the ground of the heart , doe seale vp a more iust sentence of condemnation against them . To helpe this euill , we must meditate deeply of the Law and of the Gospel , together with the appurtenances of them both , that finding ourselues farre from Gods blessings promised to the keepers of the law , and seeing our selues neere to the curses due to the breakers of the law , we may raise vp some sense of sin in our selues . Yet herein we must not stay our foote , but giue a further stride : for whereas many by a diligent view of the law , haue come to the sense of sinne in themselues , and saw plainly their owne condemnation : yet because they laboured not to see the guiltinesse acquited by the remission of sinne in Christ , they plunged themselues into a bottomlesse sea of sorrowes . Others hauing passed these degrees , and hitherto made these steps to auoyde the wound of conscience , haue come also too short , and missed of the marke : when because besides the sense of sinne pardoned by the death of Christ , they felt not also the vertue of his passion crucifying sinne in them , but saw that with the remission of sinne was not ioyned the mortification of sin ; they feared that there was no forgiuenesse for them , but stil languishing with sorrow , they thought themselues to stand charged with their former guiltines . Yea , and which is more , for that such men haue not truely been instructed , nor surely haue been grounded in the doctrine of Christs death and resurrection , that is , for that they saw not as well power flowing from his death to slay sinne in them , as vertue to pardon sinne in them ▪ for that they felt not as well strength to sanctification , streaming from the rising againe of Christ , as they were perswaded of iustification & righteousnesse therein : they haue lien still bleeding at the heart , in such sort , as the wound of griefe could hardly or neuer be stayed and stanched . Wherefore let vs strengthen our weake soules with this sixe-fold corde of consolation , against these bitter assaults ▪ Let vs first labour to know sinne , then to sorrow for sinne , after to feele our sinnes in Christ forgiuen , further to looke for power to crucifie the same , then to lay hold on iustification by his resurrection : and lastly , hope for strength to proceed from thence , to further vs in sanctification and holines of life , euen vnto the end . And thus much briefly for the second thing which we matched in company with the examination of sinne , euen the triall of faith : both which rightly vsed , shall in some measure sauegard vs from the trouble of an afflicted minde . Now let vs hasten to the third part of our diuision , to shew how Gods children being fallen into this wound of spirit , may be helped out of it : which ( God willing ) we will also performe , after we haue answered a necessarie obiection , which ( in the former part ) might seeme to incounter against vs. There is no man but will graunt , that Dauid , Iob , and others of the Saints of God , had a sight of their sinnes , a sorrow for their sinnes , and a taste of the remission of their sinnes : how then commeth it to passe , that these men were so troubled in minde ? To this I answere , that their trouble so befell them , either for failing in some of these former things ; or else they were rather afflicted for triall of their faith , than for punishing of sinne in them . And therefore be it alwaies prouided , that we thinke not euery conflict of conscience , continually and chiefly to be for the pursuing of our sinnes : but sometimes and principally , that it commeth for the triall of our faith : and yet secondarily , or lesse principally , for the scourging of sinne , as we may see in Iob. Whereupon let all men be admonished , when they see good men thus humbled & throwne downe in minde , to lay their hands on their mouthes from saying ; Surely these men are but hypocrites , doubtlesse these men be great sinners , the Lord hath found out their hypocrisie . For good reason there is , that such silence should be vsed : for that the Lord may as well make triall of their faith , as take punishment on their sinnes . For if such affliction should alwaies and chiefly be sent for sinne , then it should follow that all others as they exceeded them in sinne , should also exceed them in the punishment of sinne . But now comming to the saluing of this sore , I shall seeme very strange in my cure : and so much the more be wondred at , by how much in manner of proceeding I differ from the most sort of men herein , I am not ignorant , that many visiting afflicted consciences , cry still ; Oh comfort them , oh speake ioyfull things vnto them . Yea , there be some , and those of the most learned , who in such cases are full of these and such like speeches . Why are you so heauie my brother ? why are you so cast downe my sister ? Be of good cheere : take it not so grieuously . What is there that you should feare ? God is mercifull , Christ is a Sauiour . These be speeches of loue indeed : but they often doe the poore soules as much good herein , as if they should powre cold water into their bosomes ; when as without further searching of their sores , they may as well minister a maladie as a medicine . For as nutritiue and cordiall medicines are not good for euery sicke person , especially when the body needeth rather a strong purgation , than a matter restoratiue ; and as incarnatiue medicines may for the time allay the paine of the patient , but after the griefe becōmeth more grieuous : so the comfortable applying of Gods promises are not so profitable for euery one that is humbled , especially when their soules are rather further to be cast downe , than as yet to be raised vp : so those s●gred consolations may for a while ouer-heale the conscience , and abate some present griefe ; but so as afterwards the smart may be the sorer , and the griefe may grow the greater : hereof insueth this effect , that comfort seemeth to cure for a while , but for want of wisedome in the right discerning of the cause , men minister one medicine for another ; and so for want of skill , the latter fit grindeth them sorer than the former . Some there be , who without all precept and practise will be their owne Physitions : and these , so soone as the fit commeth vpon them , thinke it the best to chastise and to chase away their sorrow , by drinking at tauernes , by minstrelsie , in merie companie , by purging melancholie in taking Physicke : all which may seeme to weare away the paine for a while , but yet after it biteth more deeply , when the burning feuer of their spirits shaketh them with a second recourse : and for that before they were not truely searched , purged , ●eared and launced , it commeth to passe , that the second relapse is more dangerous than the first impression . To come to our purpose , we must know that all griefes are either confused or distinct : and sure it is , that the minde is appalled either for some cause knowne to vs as certaine ▪ o● for some thing vnknowne to vs and vncertaine . To them which are troubled with such blinde griefes , whereof they can see no reason , as often it happeneth to Gods children in secret prouidence , who either neuer knew God , or else had but a generall knowledge of him : I answere , that as I denie not Physicke to be ministred , if it in part proceed from a naturall cause : so I require the word especially to shew the principall and originall cause to begin in the soule ▪ And this I doe the rather , because I would haue wisedome both in considering the state of the body if neede so require ; & in looking chiefly to the soule , which so few thinke of . If a man troubled in cōscience come to a Minister , it may be he will looke all to the soule and nothing to the body : if he come to a Physition , he only considereth of the body and neglecteth the soule . For my part , I would neuer haue the Physitions counsell seuered , nor the Ministers labour neglected ; because the soule and body dwelling together , it is conuenient , that as the soule should be cured by the word , by prayer , by fasting , by threatning , or by comforting ; so the body also should be brought into some temperature by Physicke , by purging , by diet , by restoring , by musicke , and by such like meanes ; prouiding alwaies that it be done so in the seare of God , and wisedome of his spirit , as we thinke not by these ordinary meanes to smoother or smoke out our troubles ; but as purposing to vse them as preparatiues , whereby both our soules and bodies may be made more capable of the spirituall meanes to follow after . As we require these things to be the matter of our Ministerie in such a perplexitie : so we would wish the persons ministring to be men learned and of sound iudgement , wise , and of godly experience , meeke and of most iouing spirits . For when the troubled patient shall be wel perswaded of our knowledge and discretion , and there withall shall perceiue vs to come in tender and louing affection , I thinke an entrance is made , and all preiudice is taken away , so as we may the more freely worke vpon the conscience ; first bringing them to the sight of sinne , as to some cause of their trouble . Herein we must labour to put away all confusion and blindnesse of sorrow , endeuouring by wisedome to bring the parties wounded to some certaine obiect and matter of their trouble ; and so draw out of them the confession of some seuerall , especiall , & secret sinne ; I say seuerall and secret sinne , because I know , how many ( through a palpable blindnesse or disordered discerning of sinne ) talke of nothing so much as of sinne ; and yet they either cannot des●ry ( seuerall sinnes , or they will not be brought to acknowledge their secret sinnes : whereof the one proceedeth of the ignorance of the law of God , and the other of selfe-loue , which maketh vs l●●t●●e euen in our trauell of minde , to shame our selues . Now that the confession of particular sinnes is requisite , it may appeare by the two and thirtieth Psalme , wherein ( being a Psalme of instruction , concerning the forgiuenesse of sinnes ) the Prophet ( by his owne experience ) teacheth vs , that he could finde no reliefe of his sicknesse , vntill he had remembred , and made confession of his sinnes . What ? shall we thinke that the Prophet of God ( taught so wonderfully by the word and by the spirit ) did not see his sinnes before ? Be it farre from vs. Rather let vs know that he had not seuerally & particularly ripped vp his sinnes before the Lord , in a seuerall confession of them . Which though the Lord knoweth farre better than we our selues : yet such kinde of sacrifice is most acceptable vnto him . Now if in this trouble the persons humbled cannot come to the particular sight of sinne in themselues ; it is good to vse the helpe of others , vnto whom they may offer their harts to be gaged and searched , and their liues to be examined more deepely , by hearing the seuerall Articles of the Law laid open before them ; whereby they may trie the whole course of their actions . For ( as we said before ) the grossest hypocrites will generally complaine of sinne ; and yet deale with them in particular pointes of the particular precepts , and prooue them in the applying of things to be done or not done to their owne consciences ; and we shall see many of these poore soules tossed to and fro , now floting in ioyes , now plunged in sorrowes , not able to distinguish one sinne from another . Now when we shall see the wound of the spirit to arise of any certaine and knowne sin , it is either for some sin alreadie cōmit●ed , wherein we lie ; or else for some sin as yet not committed , but whereunto we are tempted . For the former ; it pleaseth God oftētimes to bring old sins to minde , when we had not throughly repented of them before ; that so ( as it were ) representing them to vs afresh , we might fall into a more misliking of them . And yet herein is not all , to mislike our selues for some particulars , although it be good to be occupied about some speciall sinnes : for as it is not sufficient for the auoyding of hypocrisie , to see sinne generally : so it is not enough to eschue the deceiueablenes of the heart , euer to be poring busily in one particular , and to be forgetfull of our great and generall sinnes . But let vs learne by the particulars to passe to the generals . When any such one sin then doth pursue thee , rest not onely therein , but say thus rather to thy selfe ; Oh Lord , is this one sin so grieuous ? and doth my God punish this one sinne so sorely ? How great then should be my punishment , if thou shouldest ( O Lord ) so deale with me for all my other sinnes . Let vs labour to haue a sense both of generall and of particular sinnes , least in time our griefe passe away without fruite , whilest that not being displeased as well with one sinne , as with another , we either looke too superficially to generals , and not to particulars ; or else too superstitiously obserue particulars , and not the generals . Concerning those sinnes whereunto we are tempted , as when a man is moued to thinke blasphemously of God the father , or to doubt whether there be a Christ or no , or to imagine grossely of the holy Ghost , or to deny God , or to doubt of the Trinitie , or to be moued to murther , adulterie , or such like : in which temptations he feeleth Gods spirit to checke him for thē , so as he knoweth not in this case what to doe : for that on the one side he dares not listen willingly to these fearefull and monstrous temptations ; and on the other side , he feareth least in time by long suite , he might fall into them ; or at the least for that he se●th not how to be deliuered from them : I suppose these motions are not so much to be disputed with , a● we by them are to be prouoked to more instant and extraordinarie zeale of prayer . Surely these are dangerous temptations , and therefore are not to be kept close , which our nature will easily incline vnto : but particularly are to be confessed of vs. For the diuell will come sometime to thee , to keepe thee still in a generall acknowledging of sinne , and vrge thee on this manner : Surely thou must needes doe this sinne , thou seest thou canst haue no ●ase , vntill thou hast consented , thou art ordained to it : the reason why thou art thus incessantly tempted , is because thou doest not thus take thy pleasure . Goe to denie God , beleeue not his word : it is but a policie to keepe men in aw● ; Religion is no such matter as men take it . Thus for feare of yeelding on the one hand , and for shame of disclosing the temptations on the other hand , many men haue pined away , and almost haue beene ouercome by them . If we should disclose this ( say these men ) what would people say of vs ? They would count vs Atheists , they would thinke vs the wickedest men in the world . Well , for our instruction and consolation herein , let vs learne that these kindes of temptations , are either corrections for some sinnes past , or punishments for some sinne present , or forewarners of some sinne to come . We shall see many tempted to adulterie , who ( no doubt ) cannot be brought to commit it ; and yet because in their youth they haue committed it , and not repented of it , it comes to them againe . The like may be obserued in theft , in gluttonie , and in other temptations , which are not so much sent vnto vs , presently to ouercome vs , as to put vs in minde , that sometime heretofore we hauing bin ouercome with them , should now repent for them . Sometime a man shall lie in some sinne , whereof when he will not be admonished , neither by the publike nor priuate meanes , then some other strange temptation shall fall vpon him , differing from that wherein he presently lieth , to admonish him of that other sinne . As when a worldling shall be tempted to adulterie , a thing which he hath no desire to doe ; yet it is to make him looke to his worldlines , whereof he hath so strong and thorough a liking : wherewith if then he will not be awaked , he may suddenly fall into that too , and so by the punishment of God , in punishing one sinne with another , both his sinnes shal be to his great shame layd open , and one sinne shall make knowne another . Sometime also it commeth to passe , that one shall be tempted with such a sinne , as neither heretofore , nor presently he hath giuen any liking or entertainment vnto ; and yet the Lord by it may forewarne him how he may fall into it hereafter , as also to shew that he hath stood all his former life , rather by the grace of God , than by the strength of flesh and blood . Wherefore when thou art moued to doubt of God , of Christ , of the word , or of iustification , doe not so much stand wondring at these strange temptations , as thinke with thy selfe that it is the mercie of God by them , to cause thee better to discerne of those temptations in others : when thou shalt haue obserued with feare and trembling how they make their first entrie into a mans heart , how they gather strength , how they agree with our corrupt nature , in what degrees they come to some groweth , how the spirit of God doth resist thē , what be the meanes best to preuaile against them . And thus if thou make thy profit by them , thou shalt so wonderfully search and descrie by seuerall veines , the bodie , age and * ●leight of these temptations in others , by an holy experience which God hath taught thee in thy selfe , that besides that thou shalt lay forth mens secret corruptions , as if thou werst in their bosomes ; thou shalt be able also by the seede of sorrow in thy selfe , to beget an vnspeakable ioy in others , who in time may be tempted as thou now art . Thinke moreouer and besides , that such is the efficacie of sinne , that they who are now no Papists , Heretikes , Adulterers , or Theeues , may for their secure contemning & foolish passing ouer of these temptations sent vnto them , suddenly , shortly after fall into them ; because they would not seeke to make some vse of them , nor confesse before the Lord both their pronenesse and worthinesse to fall into them . But if we will humble our selues in such temptations , & learne by them meekely to discerne the corruptions of our harts , we shall not onely presently deliuer our selues from perill , but be also further enabled to assist others hereafter , in the like danger . But some will oppose against these things which we haue deliuered : Doe you thinke it a remedie to cast downe them that are alreadie humbled ? This is rather to be a butcher than a builder of a mans conscience . To whom I answere , that I desire preachers to be builders , and not butchers ; and it is one thing generally to applie , and another particularly to lay the medicine vnto the wound . It is good to begin with searching first , and to purge the sore by the vineger of the Law , & after to supple it with the oyle of the Gospell . Both which must be done in wisedome , vsing them to some in greater , to some in lesser measure . For as some hauing nothing but a decay of nature , & no mortall humour , neede rather restoratiue , than purging medicines : so some rather troubled for some spirituall wants , than for grosser sinnes , neede not so much the sharpe threatnings of the Law , as the sweete promises of the Gospell . As the body , through some extraordinarie repletion , hauing gotten some great surfet , not so much to the weakening of nature , as to the threatning of imminent death , and therefore requireth rather some strong purgation , than comfortable and cordiall medicines : euen so the soule brought almost to deaths doore with some extraordinary sinne , is rather to be bored and pearced with the denouncing of Gods iudgements than otherwise . But because we would deale more plainly and lesse confusedly , it is good in our accesse to afflicted consciences , to lay these two grounds . First , we must perswade the persons humbled , that their sins are pardonable , & their sores curable . And after , that this visitation is not so much a signe of Gods wrath and anger , as a seale of his mercie and fauour , in that it is not either blind or barren , but plentifull in good effects , and fruitfull in godly issues . The former how needfull it is , the experience of so many almost as haue been throwne downe , is a sufficient witnes : who haue had this as a tagge tied to their temptations , that neuer any were so plagued as they , none euer had the like temptations , the Lord will surely make an end of them in some strange and vnknowne temptation . Wherein they are not vnlike vnto men fallen into some dangerous disease , who thinking them selues to be without the fadome of the Physitions skill , & not to be within the compasse of things recouerable , adde a second and sorer griefe vnto their former . Wherefore as these men seeme to be halfe healed , when any man of knowledge can be brought , who by experience hath cured the like maladie in like degrees in others : so these sorrowfull soules are not a little by hope refreshed & strengthened to looke for some ease , when they see none other temptation to haue ouertaken them , than such as hauing fallen into the nature of man , haue found mercy at the hands of God , that he might be feared . This ground worke framed , it is good ( to build vp & repaire the decayed ioy of the mind ) partly by the law , to make a preparatiue for these ioyes , if the mind not truly humbled , be not fit to be truly comforted : & partly by the Gospell , if the conscience kindly throwne downe , is become a fit subiect to apply the sweete promises of God in Iesus Christ vnto it . And here againe to answere them that denie the law wholy or at all to be vsed , when we would breed comfort in one : I demaund whether if it be necessarie to maintaine the righteousnes of Christ , it be not also as necessarie to preserue the righteousnes of the law ? Seeing the righteousnes of the law , of vs not fulfilled , will draw vs vnto the righteousnes of Christ to vs imputed : & sith the righteousnes of Christ to vs imputed , is neuer throughly and truly esteemed , vntill we see the righteousnes of the law of vs to be vnperformed . Againe , if our Sauiour Christ did foreshew his Disciples , that the first work of the holy Ghost at his comming , should be to conuict the world of sinne , to make men know , that without Iesus Christ there is nothing but sinne , & then , that he should rebuke the world of righteousnes , that they might see how Christ died not for his own sins , but for the sins of others : I see not why it should not be very cōuenient , first to lay open the righteousnes of the law that men may see their sinnes ; and then the righteousnes of Christ , that men may see their sins discharged in him . Besides , where the Lord saith by his Prophet : At what time soeu●r a sinner doth repent of his sinnes from the bottome of his heart , I will put all his wickednes out of my remembrance : it may well be gathered , that there must be first a sound sorrow for sinne ; and then a true ioy of sins pardoned , may more freely by vertue of his promise be both hoped for , and looked for afterward . Moreouer , seeing all the promises of God in the Gospell are commended vnto vs vnder the title & tenour of restoring sight to the blinde , hearing to the deafe , strength to the lame , health to the sicke , and life to the dead ; it is manifest , not onely that there is no disease of the soule which Christ cannot heale ▪ but also that we must first finde our selues blind , deafe , dumbe , lame , sick & dead , before he will meddle with vs ; because they that are whole neede not the Physition , and he came to call sinners , not the righteous to repentance . Now , to doe this in wisedome , by neither pressing the conscience too seuerely , nor releasing the conscience more vnaduisedly , it shall be a safe way , to vse the well tempered speech of the Apostle to the sorcerer : Repent , that if it be possible , thy sinne may be forgiuen thee . Where he doth not wholy discourage him , because it may be his sinne may be pardoned ; neither yet too boldly incourage him , in that without repentance , he sheweth it to be altogether impossible to be pardoned . And that we be not too preposterous in our consolation , let vs be warned by the blasphemous speech of that detestable Arriā , who of late yeeres was put to death at Norwich . This hellish heretike , a little before he should be executed , affoorded a few whorish teares , asking whether he might be saued in Christ or no ? When one told him , that if he truly repented , he should surely not perish : he brake out most monstrously into this speech : Nay , is your Christ so easily to be intreated indeed , as you say ? then I defie him , and care not for him . Oh how good a thing had it bin not to haue cast this precious stone to this swine ? Oh how safe had it been to haue dealt more bitterly , and to haue dwelt more vehemently on the conscience of this cai●ife ? Now to attaine some discretion in curing this wounded spirit , we must learne wisely to iudge , both of the person afflicted , and of the nature of his affliction . First , we may note whether it be a man or a woman , because we may vrge more fearfully the vse of the law to a man , as being the stronger vessell . And as Sathan knew the woman to be most easie and framable to be wrought vpon , at his first temptation : so is he not ignorant that she is the weaker partie to sustaine any temptation now . Then let vs consider , whether they that are thus humbled haue knowledge or no ? Because , if they haue no knowledge , they thinke trouble of minde to be so strange a thing , as neuer any before had it : if they haue knowledge , then Sathan is readie to accuse them of the sinne against the holy Ghost , as though euery sinne done against knowledge , were a sinne of presumption . Further , we are to enquire , how strong or weake they are , that if they be sorely striken , we cease to humble them any further : if they be not sufficiently wounded , then to touch them with some deeper sense of sinne . Also we must be circumspect , to finde out whether by nature they are fearefull and melancholike or no : as also , whether they be vsuall sinners , or haue fallen once of infirmitie ; that so vpon their disposition and inclination , we may build our speeches the better . To these it is good to adde the consideration of the persons age , estate and abilitie : as if the partie be troubled for worldlines , whether he be not a great house holder : if he complaine of vncleannes , whether he be not a yong man & vnmaried : if he be humbled with couetousnes , whether he be not old : because diuers coūtries , callings , ages , conditions and estates of men , haue their diuers and peculiar sinnes , which we must rightly discerne . Howbeit , of what sex soeuer they are men or women , of what complexion soeuer they are , of what knowledge to discerne sin , of what degree of committing sin ; of what age , authoritie , wealth , estate , or cōdition soeuer they are , it is good to marke that there be many who are more troubled for the vexation and disquietnes of their minde being distempered , than for the vilenes and horriblenes of their sin cōmitted ; who are wounded more with the feare of shame , with the feare of being mad , or with the feare of running out of their wits , than with the conscience of sinne . Which thing if we finde in them , it is our part to trauell with them , that they make a lesse matter of the outward shame , and more conscience of the inward sinne . Neither must we here forget to make a distinction betweene our speeches vsed to the humbled , in the very time of their extreme agony & burning ague of their troubles , and those speeches which we vse to them the fit being past ; because the one and former requireth more consolation and lesse exhortation ; the other and latter would haue vs more abundant in admonishing , and more sparing in comforting , when we may wisely admonish them to beware of sinne , which so procured their owne woe . In this breathing time , it is also expedient to exhort them , that for some season vntill they shall finde greater power of regeneration , they would tye themselues to some holy orders , and godly vowes , whereby they may either be furthered in mortifying some speciall sinne ; which for that they could finde no power against it , did most grieue them , or strengthened in some speciall grace , the want where of did also wound them . But before we launch deeper into this sea of particular temptations , and begin to sound the dangerous passages of naturall corruption , and originall sinne , the troublesome froth whereof doth almost ouerwhelme many poore pilgrims , it shall be good to giue this caution , that both in these and in the former troubles , men would be still againe admonished , patiently to beare with a wounded spirit , albeit it fall out so , that they be somewhat pettish , seeing the holy Ghost speaketh so fauourably of them , saying : A wounded spirit who can beare ? And surely our practise in other things , by the law of equitie , may vrge this at our hands . For if men by the light of reason can see it to be a dutie conuenient , not furiously to controll , but meekly to suffer , and wisely to put vp the vnaduised speeches of a man distempered in braine , by reason of some burning ague , or such like violent and vehement sicknes : we may easily gather euen by the same rule of reason , not so seuerely to cēsure the impatiēt speeches of him , who by reason of some parching feuer of the spirit , is disquieted in all parts of his mind , & hath all the veines of his heart ( as it were in a spirituall agonie ) vexed . Wherefore both vnsauourie for want of godly wisedome , & vncharitable for want of Christian loue , are their murmuring obtrectations which say , what ? Is this the godly man ? Is this he that is so troubled for his sinnes ? Why , see how pettish he is , nothing can please him , no bodie can satisfie him . Consider , O man , if thou canst beare with a ●raile bodie , that thou must much more beare with a fraile mind . Consider , O man , that this his pettishnes doth more wound him to the hart , than any iniurie thou couldest presse him with . And therfore seeing he afflicteth his owne soule for it , thou needest not adde any thing to his affliction , and to exasperate his grieuous smart . Consider that it is a blessed thing mercifully to bethinke vs of the estate of the needie , and that to rub a fresh wound , and to straine a bleeding sore , is nothing else , but with Iobs friends to bring a new torment , where there is no need of it . As the wise father doth rather pitie thā rebuke his child , whēby reason of sicknes the appetite is not easily pleased : so , if we purpose to doe any good with an afflicted minde , we must not be austere in reprehēding euery infirmitie , but p●tiful in considering of the tender frailtie of it . Neither doe I speake this to nourish pe●●●shnes in any , but would haue them to labour for patience , and to seeke for peace : which though they finde not at the first , yet by prayer they must waite on the Lord , and say : Lord because there is mercy that thou maist be feared , I will waite vpon thee , as the eye of the seruant wai●●●● vpon the hand of his maister . I will condemne my selfe of folly , and say , Oh my soule , why art tho●o so h●a●●e ? Why art thou so cast downe within me ? Still trust in the Lord , for he is thy health and thy saluation . FINIS . THE SECOND TREATISE , BELONGING TO THE COMFORT OF AN AFFLICTED CONSCIENCE . IN all afflictions Gods children must looke vnto the end : they are to desire to profit by them , and in them to seeke ●he way of sound comfort and consolation : which that they may finde , they must know that the afflictions of the godly last but a while , they serue them but for salues and medicines , the end of them is alwaies happie . In them they are not onely preserued , and purified from many sinnes : but also much beautified with the image of Iesus Christ , who is the eldest sonne in the house of God. Againe , the crosse of true Christians is the sweete and amiable call of God vnto repentance , in that he putteth vs in minde therby to bethinke vs of our debts : because we are giuen to thinke the day of payment is yet farre off : yea , we fall asleepe vntill our turne be ended , and whilest God lengtheneth our daies waiting for our repentance , we neuer thinke of our sinnes , vntill the houre come wherein we perish with shame . The best meeting then with the Lords visitation , is without delay , and in sinceritie to pray for our sinnes to be pardoned . For therefore doth the Lord oftentimes shackle vs the more with the chaines of his chastisements , because we are more carefull to be vnburthened of our sicknesse , than to be freed from our sin : which we the rather are loath to confesse , because we would not be espied to be in the wrath of God. Others there be that hearing of their sinnes in the time of their afflictions , will acknowledge indeed their infirmities to be the mother of such a broode : yet they haue no true remorse to restraine themselues from sinne , because they haue but a confused conceite thereof : and though their ship be neuer so much tossed and turmoyled , yet thinke they not that God holdeth the sterne ▪ These men , if God beare with them , doe as it were settle in their lees , and are as it were soked in their sinnes . For prosperitie is a drunkennesse , to cast our selues into a dead sleepe , and when the Lord letteth vs alone , we cease not to soothe vp ourselues , bearing our selues in hand , that we are in Gods fauour , and that he loueth vs , because he scourgeth vs not . And thus retchles we are whilest we measure Gods loue according to our sense and humour . Wherein we bewray our ignorance of the exercise of the crosse , in that affliction is the mother of humilitie , humilitie breedeth repentance , and repentance obtaineth mercie . Some also there are , who vsually whilest the fearefull iudgement of God is before their eyes , either in themselues or in others , haue a few glancing motions , and starting cogitations of their sinnes , and of Christ his passion : yet at all other times their minds are so clasped vp from thinking of temptations , and their hearts so locked vp from foreseeing or forethinking of iudgements , that they feele no godly sorrow . They mocke the mourning dayes of the elect , as of them that be of melancholy nature ; they make a sport of sinne , as little remembring the sting which will either pricke them to the heart blood most fearefully in the houre of death , or meete them with griping agonies in the day of their visitation more speedily . But happily they think they haue giuen good testimony & * word of their repentance and remembrance of God , when they giue one deepe sigh and away , and passe ouer Gods heauie indignatiō as ouer burning coals . So that whilest the Lord in prosperitie affoordeth large peniworths of his loue vnto them , they dally with his Maiestie , & make a sport of his mercy . Al which imperfections may be better corrected , if in our deepest rest with a reuerent & humble feare of Gods iudgements , we did waite for the day of our trial , and prepare our selues to the Lords visitations : for the feeling of Gods mercie must come from the sight of our miserie by sinne ; which being pardoned , we shall soone haue our infirmities healed . Wherefore let vs first learne to cleanse our soules from sinne ▪ & then to sustaine the sores of our bodie . Sure it is , that if we haue suffered our hearts to be harrowed with the rake of Gods iudgements ( as occasion from the Lord hath been giuen ) that we are become soft and well exercised in the feare of God : we shall come to the feeling of our sinnes , the sense whereof , if it bring as it were a sicknesse to the body , and a corsey to the soule , it is an vndoubted earnest of our regeneration , and happy are we if we finde our selues so diseased and troubled with our sinnes . True it is , that we can hardly ( being in the skirmish and agonie ) make any difference betweene the motions to any euill , and the consent vnto the same : for oftentimes euil motions do so possesse the soules of Gods children sincking downe so deeply in them , that though they weepe , pray , and meditate ( which be the last meanes & remedies to ease and cure them ) though they feele them with irkesomenesse and loathsomenesse , as we feele sicknesse in our bodies : yet those motions will be continually in them without diminishing , the delight onely excepted . Wherefore for our comfort herein , we are not to martyr our selues with disquietnes of minde , because we are so pestered and thronged with wicked motions and assaults , but rather let vs quiet our selues , and not suffer our selues to be hindered with sicknesse either of body or minde : by meanes whereof we should become more vnprofitable to our selues & the whole Church of God. For the godly shall not be so freed from sinne , but that they shall be assaulted with euill motions , suspicions , delusions , vaine fantasies and imaginations ; the body of sinne shall neuer be from vs so long as we liue . For the scum thereof is almost continually boyling and wallopping in vs , foming out such filthly froth & stinking sauor into our minds , that it is not onely detestable to the minde regenerate and renewed by the spirit of God , but also it would make abashed the very naturall man , to looke into so loathsome a stie of sinne , and sinkehole of iniquitie . Yea it maketh vs often to quaile , and if it were possible , it would corrupt the very part regenerate . For mightie is the power , and raging is the strength of sinne : Neither for all this must we cease to sorrow for our sinnes , nor despaire on the other side , although our sorrow be but small . For if we be sorrowful for the hardnes of our hearts , if we can be grieued for that we are no more grieued for our sinnes , if we can but sigh & grone because we feele our iniquities ; it is so much a greater comfort vnto vs , as it is a greater testimonie that our hearts are not altogether hardened : so that if we feele sorrow indeed , although we weepe not , yet we may gather comfort , considering that this sorrow is for sinne with a loue and hunger after righteousnes : yea if our assaults be distrust , pride , arrogancie , ambition , enuie , concupiscence , as hote as the fire in the furnace all our daies , and though Sathan laieth out oyle in great measure and out of measure , that it is the wonderfull mercy of the Lord that we stand ; and though our prayers be dull and full of wear●somnesse , if the striuing and straining of our selues to goodnesse be so hard , that we know not whether we striue for feare of punishment or for loue of so good a Father : yet if we feele this in our selues , that we would faine loue the Lord , and be better , and being wearied and tyred with our sinnes , long gladly to enioy the peace of righteousnes , and desire to please God in a simple obedience of faith ; then let vs comfort our selues ; there is no time too late to repent in . For he commeth quickly to Christ ( although in the houre of death ) that commeth willingly , and in a desire of a better life : howsoeuer sinne and Sathan at that time would especially perswade him . For as the hūming Bee hauing lost her st●●g in another , doth still notwithstanding make a fearefull and grieuous noyse by her often buzzing about vs , but is nothing able to hurt vs : so sinne & death , hauing lost their stings in Christ Iesus , doe not cease at all , euen in the height of the parching heate of our cōsciences , to make a murmuring : and with furious stormes of temptations to terrifie vs and our consciences , albeit they neuer sting vs. Wherefore if Sathan charge our consciences with sinne ( if we can feele the things a little before mentioned in our consciences ) let vs bid him not tell vs what we haue been , but what we would be . For such we are by imputation , as we be in affection , and he is now no sinner , who for the loue he beareth to righteousnesse , would be no sinner . Such as we be in desire and purpose , such we be in reckoning and account with God , who giueth that true desire and holy purpose to none but to his children whom he iustifieth . Neither vndoubtedly can the guiltines of sin breake the peace of our cōscience , seeing it is the worke of another who hath commended vs as righteous before God , and saued vs. It must indeed be confessed , that our owne workes will doe nothing in the matter of iustification , which from Christ , and in Christ is freely giuen vnto vs : it must be graunted , that in our selues we are weaker , than that we can resist the least sinne , so farre off is it , that we can encounter with the law , sin , death , hell , and Sathan : and yet in Christ we are more than conquerors ouer them all . When the law accuseth thee because thou hast not obserued it , send it to Christ , and say ; there is a man that hath fulfilled the law : to him I cleaue , he hath fulfilled it for me , and hath giuen the fulfilling of it vnto me ; I haue nothing to do with thee , I haue another law which striketh thee downe , euen the law of libertie , which through Christ hath set me free . For my conscience which henceforth serueth the law of grace , is a glorious Prince to triumph ouer thee . If sinne come and would haue thee by the throte , send it to Christ , and say ; as much as thou mayst doe against him , so much right thou shalt haue against me . For I am in him , and he in me : wherefore ( O sin ) I am righteous through my Christ , which is become sin , to free me which haue been a condemned sinner . If death creepe vpon thee and attempt to deuoure thee , say vnto it ; Christ hath ouercome thee , and opened vnto me the gates of euerlasting life : thou wouldest haue killed him with the sting of sin , but the same being of no force , thy purpose ( O death ) hath failed , and he being my life , is become thy death . If Sathan summon thee to answere for thy debts , send him also to Christ , and say ; that the wife is not suable , but the husband : enter thine action against Christ mine husband , and he will make thee sufficient answere : who then shall condemne vs ? or what iudge shall daunt vs ? sith God is our Iudge and acquiteth vs ? and Christ was condemned , and iustifieth vs ? he is our iudge , that willeth not the death of a sinner ; he is our man of law , who to excuse vs , suffered himselfe to be accused for vs. O gluttonous hell , where is thy defence ? O cruell sin , where is thy tyrannous power ? O rauening death , where is thy bloodie sting ? O roring lion , why doest thou fret and fume ? Christ my Law fighteth against thee , O law , & is my libertie ; Christ fighteth against thee , O sin , and is my righteousnes : Christ fighteth against thee O diuel , & is my Sauiour : Christ fighteth against thee O death , and is my life . Thou didst desire to paue my way to the burning lake of the damned : but contrarie to thy will , thou art constrained to lift vp the ladder wherby I must ascend into the new Ierusalem . Wherefore if we shall finde our selues forsaken of God , so as we perceiue nothing but matter of despaire , let vs still hold our owne , & in the certaintie of our faith stay our selues , sith Christ is giuen vs of God , that he might extinguish sin , triumph ouer the law , vāquish death , ouercom the diuel , & destroy hel , for our only comfort and consolation . But peraduenture some will say , my faith is weake and cold , and my conscience is as a flaming lampe and burning fornace : I feare the Lord will still pursue me with his wrathfull indignation : Thou doest well to feare ; but feare and sinne not . For feare which subdueth the securitie of the flesh is in all most requisite , in that the weaker we are in our selues , the stronger we are in God. But that feare is dangerous , which hindreth the certaintie of faith , in that it incourageth our enemie more fiercely to set vpō vs ; when we ( comming into the campe ) wil cast away our armour especially which should defend vs. Comfort thy selfe , the Lord will not quench the smoking flaxe , nor breake the bruised reede , he looketh not on the quātitie , but on the quality of our faith . For as a good mother doth not reiect her childe because through some infirmitie it is weake , feeble , and not able to goe alone , but rather doth pitie and supporte it , least peraduenture it should fall , and recompenseth that with motherly affection , which in her childe is wanting by occasion : in like manner the Lord God our most gracious father doth not cast vs off , because through our imperfections we are vnable or afraid to draw neerer to the throne of grace ; but rather pitieth vs , and seeing vs a farre off desirous to come vnto him , meeteth vs by the way , and by grace and strength of his owne hand , directeth our steppes vnto his kingdome . And as he which freely purposeth to giue a wedge of gold , will not withdrawe his gift because the hand of him that should receiue it , is weake , troubled with the gout , palsey , or leprosie , so that by any meanes , though in great weakenes , he be able to hold it ; euen so the Lord purposing in free mercie to bestow on vs an immortall weight of glory , will not depriue vs of it , though many filthy blemishes haue polluted and weakened our faith , so that in any small measure we be able to take hold of his promises : neither are we to looke for the perfection of faith , because we neuer beleeue as we ought ; but rather on that which the Gospell offereth and giueth , and on Gods mercie and peace in Christ : in whose lap if we can lay our heads with Saint Iohn , then we are in felicitie , securitie , and perfect quietnes . Contrariwise there be some , who ( notwithstanding that a tormented conscience is a stinging Serpent , that it were much better that all the creatures rose vp against vs , euery one bringing their bane ; then once to come before the dreadfull face of God ) are so blockish that they are wholy resolued into hardnes . If they be pricked with sicknes , they crie alas ; if they be pinched with pouertie , they can complaine : but as for the torment of minde they cannot skill of it : And euen to talke of a brused , contrite and broken heart , is a strange language . For proofe whereof our cōsciences are rocked asleepe , so that not one amongst a thousand knoweth what it is to be pressed and harrowed with the rake of Gods iudgemēts . But blessed are they that to their owne saluation feele this in their bodies , whilest sinne may be both punished and purged . For though God spare vs for a time , yet we know what he keepeth for our ende . Wherefore it is the best for vs to runne to the Lord in this life with a troubled minde , least we tarrie till the Lord haue locked vs vp with the heauie fetters of desperation , when he shall summon vs to the barre of his iudgement in the sight of his Angels , and impanelling the great inquest of his Saints against vs , shall denounce our fearefull and finall sentence of eternall condemnation ; for we see many that haue beene carelesse & haue made good cheare all their life long , yea , and when men haue laboured to make them feele the iudgement of God , they haue turned all to mockery , but their iolity the Lord hath so abated when they draw towards death , that in stead of resting & sporting ( whereunto they had been giuen ) they haue felt the terror of death , hell , and damnation , and lapping vp their ioyes in finall desperation , haue forced out cursings against their filthie pleasures . Wherefore if we in the tempest of our temptations will saile a right course , neither shrinking nor slipping into the gulfe of desperation , neither battering our barke against the rocke of presumption ; let vs in a contrite spirit crie vnto the Lord : Haue mercie vpon me , heale my soule , for I haue sinned against thee , forgiue all mine iniquities , and heale all mine infirmities . Thou healest those that are broken in heart , and bindest vp their soares ▪ why art thou cast downe my soule , and why art thou disquieted within me , waite on God , for I will yet giue him thankes , he is my present helpe , and my God. Yet my soule keepe thou silence before God , of him commeth my saluation , he is my strength , therefore I shall not much be moued . His mightines is enough to giue me courage , yea and shall be euen when I am forlorne , I know that the diminishing of my body , goods , friends , or any other thing is a calling of me to that which neuer shall diminish nor decay , I beleeue that my Lord and my God allureth me daily thither ; that I might not doubt that when my body is laid in the graue , and there consumed as it were to nothing , yet notwithstanding my soule resting in the bosome of the Lord , shall returne vnto me and shall rise to glory : euen as it ( resting in this life , in the mercies of Christ ) did rise to grace : verily I see , & that with ioy , that my flesh must goe to decay : for looke what freshnes soeuer was in it , it diminished day by day . And I neede not goe farre to seeke for death , for I feele not so small an infirmitie in my body , but the same is vnto me a messenger of dissolution . Yet for all this I shall see my God , and when I am couered in the belly of the graue with mouldes , I am assured , that he will reach me his hand to lift me vp againe to the beautie of his inheritance : so that this small cottage and shed of leaues , being brought to the graue , shall be caried into an incorruptible tabernacle . Thus communing with our owne harts , and being still in the peace of a good conscience , concerning our outward sufferings , we shall finde that the Lord by his fatherly & louing chastisements , intendeth nothing more than to proue our obedience , as good reason it is that he should , and to confirme our faith , as also is most necessarie . How be it still as I said , he vseth a fatherly correction , that is , in mercy , measure , and iudgement . For as he striketh vs downe in anger for our sinnes with the one hand , so he raiseth vs vp againe in loue for our saluation with the other hand . For albeit his corrections be wear●some wounds to flesh and blood , yet are they soueraigne medicines to the soule and conscience , especially when the Lord giueth vs that priuiledge of his children , that by his holy spirit he doth ouermaster vs , least that finally we should be his iudge , and he not ours . And for this cause the Lord is often times prouoked to put on ( as it were ) a contrary face , and to locke vs vp in a prison of aduersitie , to restraine vs from the libertie of our sins , which Sathan faine would make vs violently to rush into . And surely though the wisedome of the flesh perswadeth vs that nothing is better than to be spared , and not to be espied when the Lord calleth vs to reckoning ; yet the spirit shewing our desperate estate , without the sieue of affliction , and boulter of aduersitie , teacheth vs that we cannot of all the blessings of God sufficiently esteeme this , being the mother of humilitie , and nurce of true repentance . Againe , the Lord often by inward temptations and outward crosses , draweth vs from the stake of securitie and vntowardnes to good workes ; least in time we should loose the experience of our knowledge and faith in Christ , and seeke some easier kinde of life for flesh and blood . Neither can we truely repent , vntill by some crosse we know this world to be a place of sorrow , and not of mirth and delight . For so long as we make our prosperitie a bulwarke to beate downe all harmes , we are to looke for aduersitie to beate downe the high saile of our proud hearts , whereby we gad after our owne lusts , and leaue the anchor of peace , which is our trust in God. Let vs learne then , when the world beginneth to fauour vs , and we haue as it were an hundreth thousand souldiers , to beare vs vp , not to be secure ; for there is nothing more easie for a man , than for to make himselfe beleeue that he shall alwaies continue in happie estate , and thinke he shall die in the nest . But we must be as birds on a bough , to remoue at Gods pleasure , and that without resistance when the Lord shall visite vs. And because we are giuen too much to thinke that we haue the things in our owne right , which we hold of the free goodnes of God : we are taught in affliction how hainous vnthankefulnesse it were to binde the Lord continually to entertaine vs in this life at so full charge and cost , without respect of his free and vndeserued gifts : or to hold plea against , and sue him , as it were , by an obligation , at whose hands we ought to begge daily ; and at whose gate we receiue all our maintenance : or to make a rent charge of all that which he giueth of his free liberalitie . Thus in the ende we chalenge Gods gifts as our owne , and make account to haue their companie to the graue , whereby we prouoke the Lord often to proue to our faces , that all that we haue is but lent and borrowed . Let vs then haue such an eye to euery blow , that whensoeuer the Lord shall lay any crosse vpon vs , we be readie to receiue it , and to yeeld vp our bonds vnto him , the condition whereof is , that we be readie to remoue whensoeuer he pleaseth , knowing that Gods prouidence forceth vs alwaies to the best , and as most may make for the hastening of our soules to our euerlasting in heritance . Let vs learne not to recken without our host , and that we hold our prosperitie of the Lord not in fee simple , but as tenants at will , that is , from day to day , resigning to God the soueraigntie of reuoking vs when it pleaseth him . Thus it becommeth the Lord to change our estate , that we become not snared in the gifts of prosperitie , and become so foolish as not to keepe on our way to the heauenly life . Our naturall inclination is to forget that we are on earth as pilgrims ; to leape vp into the clowdes , and to promise vnto our selues the whole course of our liues to be in prosperitie : and so long as God letteth vs alone at our case , we take our selues ( as it were ) to be pettie Gods. But when we see our selues shut vp , and know not what will be the ende of our miserie , finding our selues to be intertained in this life but as iourney men , waged for the present day , but not knowing what will become of vs the day following : we desire to take our rest in the bosome of Gods prouidence , and so much we strike our sailes the lower , when the Lord proclaimeth warre with our secure prosperitie : which perswadeth vs that we shall liue for euer , and driueth vs from bethinking vs of our miseries and frailties . Wherefore let vs cut out our prosperitie by the patterne of humilitie , and in our best estate , put our selues in readines to suffer aduersitie , and when we are well , to looke for worse , and keepe a good watch when God handleth vs most gently , that in abounding we may foresee our wants , in health our sicknes , and in prosperitie our calamitie : for concerning things of this life the faithfull are to stand in a doubt , that that which they hold with one hand , may be taken away with the other . We must not thinke that we shall euer enioy our libertie , & that we shall see no crosse : but we must lay open our selues to receiue stripes from the Lord , knowing that our least cries will stay his greatest scourges . Let vs looke to be assaulted , but not vnmeasurably , because God will assist vs. Let vs looke to fall , but on our knees , because Gods hand doth hold vs vp Let vs looke to be humbled , but in mercie , because the Lord sustaineth vs , & as we are assured , where mercie hemmeth vs about on euery side , it is our part continually to confesse before the Lord , that we euer giue new occasions , that he should follow vs with new punishments , and that our sinnes doe often shake off the wings of Gods mercie , vnder the which we haue bin long cōforted . For Gods children acknowledge themselues without ceasing , that God hath rods in a readinesse ( though they see no present euill ) to beate them from their sinnes : & bend all their care , how they may rather suffer aduersitie to Gods glorie , than to sleepe securely in prosperitie vnto their own pleasure . Now when the Lord doth , as it were hold vs on the racke for these causes before named , we must pray vnto him , that howsoeuer he keepeth vs in the presse ) we may haue a breathing while to consider our daies spent in pleasure , and to examine our vnthankfulnes , which shutteth vp the doore of Gods mercie from vs. And because our afflictions are the sorer when they come the neerer to the soule , we may with our selues cōclude to hold on the way of our thorough-faire : & though we see nothing but thornes of temptations , and briers of euill affections , so as we must be faine to leape ouer hedges , rocks & ditches ; yet must we not cease to continue in Gods seruice . For if that were not , what triall & examination of our faith should there be , were we as in a faire medow , that we might run on along by the water side in a shade , and that there might be nothing but pleasure and ioy all our life time , who could vaunt that he had serued God with good affection ? But when God doth send vs things cleane contrarie to our desires , that we must be faine one while to enter into a quagmire , and another while to march vpon ragged rockes and stones ; then we shall haue the vse of a well exercised minde in prayer , in repentance , and in contempt of this life . And why doth the Lord sometime suffer vs to pine away , and to languish in continuance of griefe , seeing that he could cleane rid vs at the first ? doubtlesse to this end , that we might confesse his mercie more freely , and bite of his iustice more sharply . Let vs now learne to hold all the passions of impatiencie in bondage , both by comparing our euils with the wonderfull mercies of God , and our small sufferings with the intollerable conflicts of our forefathers . For there is no greater cause of our disparing vnder the crosse , thā when Satan perswadeth vs , that neuer any were handled so roughly : or else would beare vs in hād , that although God afflicted the faithfull that haue been before vs , yet they were not so weake as we . But let vs remember that God hath so pinched his seruants , euen them whom he loued , and whose welfare was deare and precious in his sight , and hath often brought them to such extremities , as they were not able to looke vp any more , nor wist how to speake , nor how to hold their peace . Wherefore least our infirmities should ouermaster vs , and when temptations are fierce vpon vs , we know not where to become : let vs call to minde the Saints of God , who were constrained with sighes and groanes to stoope vnder the hand of God ; whose martyrs and tormented children ought to be our looking glasses , to the end that by them we may learne , that according as God dealeth foorth the gifts of the spirit , thereafter doth he send greater afflictions , both to make them the more esteemed , and also to cause a more plentifull fruite of their faith . How did God deale with Abraham , not a common man , but rather an Angell , the tenth part of whose sufferings would make a stout heart to quaile ? How was Dauid the seruant of God exercised in Gods schoole , who felt all Gods darts , and had all his arrowes shot at him ? Thus it is requisite , that Gods graces should not be idle in his children , but set on worke by afflictions , whereby they may be knowne in due time and place . How did God play the Lion with Ezechias , who ( as with pawes and teeth ) bruised and crushed his bones ; not that we may accuse God of crueltie , but that we may see with what anguish the Lord doth sometimes exercise his holy seruants , and with what patience he doth arme them : who notwithstanding his vehement trials , doe stay themselues vpon God , accusing themselues , saying : I will beare the wrath of the Lord , because I haue sinned against him : and excusing the Lord with all humblenes with Dauid , Psal. 114. I know O Lord that thy iudgements are right , and that thou hast afflicted me iustly , &c ▪ It is much auailable to mortification and Christian patience also , to occupie our hearts in the house of mourning , euen in our greatest banquetting , and to betake our selues vnto some serious meditation of aduersitie , when present pleasures would most diuorce vs from the remembrance thereof . So though we haue much in possession , we shall haue little in affection : and when God doth most aduance vs , we shall feare our wants of humilitie : and then especially be ransacking our infirmities , when the Lord for our triall enricheth vs most with his benefits . For if the Lord God by multiplying his mercies increaseth our account ; we are often to suspect , to call to iudgement , and to arraigne our selues for the vsing of Gods creatures ; who often giueth that in iudgement , which he might denie vs in mercie : and often waineth vs from some things in his loue , which he might giue vnto vs in his anger . FINIS . THE MARKES OF A RIGHTEOVS MAN. THe righteous man hath three priuiledges . First , that he shall neuer perish , though he be oftentimes afflicted : yea if there be a number of them , the Lord will spare the habitation of their place for their sake . Secondly , if the Lord be minded to bring destruction vpon a land o● countrie : he will first deliuer the righteous eitner by death , or by conueying them to some other place : as here he doth L●t and is the children of Israel , when Pharaoh was ouerthrowne . Thirdly , the Lord will not so much punish for the wicked , as fauour for the go●ly sake ; and if they fall into the same temporall punishments , euen thereby shall the righteous be brought neerer to heauen , but the godlesse shall be throwne downe to hell , euen as with the same flaile is beaten ch●ff●to be burnt , and pure corne to be preserued . Some thinke that there be none righteous : which commeth to passe either through ignorance , or because they see the sinnes and loose righteousnesse of others : but then the Scriptures should be false which calleth some righteous . Then Christ should haue died in vaine , and there should be no saluation , because none are s●ued but the righteous . Some think that righteousnes is an inherent qualitie , & that through works we may be perfectly righteous , as of old the Pelagians , & Puritanes , and now Papists , and Family of loue . But the testimonies of Scriptures which affirm that al our righteousnes is as a stained cloath , and that we are not able to answere one of a thousand , &c. and also the sinnes of those who in the word are counted righteous , do proue the contrarie : for Abraham sinned after he had beene pronounced righteous , in distrusting Gods prouidence , in going in vnto his maide , in lying himselfe , and causing his wife to sinne : so Lot in departing from Abraham , to whom the couenant was made , and without a iust cause , in being loth to depart from Sodome ; in lying with his daughters : so Dauid , Iob , Zacharie , Noe , Peter , and the Publican sinned , who were all iustified by saith as Abraham was , who beleeued in God. Some as a meane betweene these , doe magnifie the righteousnes which is by faith with out works , but in the meane while liue vngedly : but these haue imagined a kind of righteousnes common to the dissolute Protestants , which shall better be discouered , when it is set downe what a righteous man is . True righteousnes is by imputation : for the obtaining whereof , we must first feele and acknowledge our selues voide of all righteousnes , & full of all vnrighteousnes , by reason of our sinnes . And this caused Paul to count all his former righteousnes as dung . Secondly , that we feeling the weight of our sinnes , desire to leaue them , and be freed from the punishment due vnto them . Thirdly , that by faith we flie vnto Christ , seeking to haue his righteousnes imputed vnto vs , and our sinnes not imputed , but cleane forgiuen vs. So was the Publican , and Abraham : so is Christ sent a Mediatour vnto vs , when we are wounded , by the sword of the word . Now , although being thus iustified in Christ , there doe yet sinne remaine in vs : for all that it must not raigne in our mortall bodies : but we must doe the worke of our father Abraham , walking in vprightnes of heart before the Lord , as it was required of Abraham : in which sense Dauid saith , In whose spirit there is no guile : as if he should say , his sinnes did still remaine , if he walked not vprightly . This vprightnes of heart may be tried by foure speciall notes : first , that we loue all good things as well as one , and hate all sinnes as well as one , and that both in our selues and others : so that although we cannot performe all , yet we will haue respect vnto all the Commandements , Psalm . 119. 6. Whereof Saint Iames giueth a reason when he saith , that he that commanded the one , commanded the other : whereby he discouereth the hypocrisie of those , which had religion in respect of persons , and such is the religion of Papists , and of the Familie of loue . Such was the religion of Herod , and of the yong man that would follow Christ : but when the one was reproued of his whoredome , and the other bidden sell all that he had , they would be Disciples no longer , although before they would doe many things gladly , and be great professors . Such is the state of many Protestants , who will condemne whoredome , & yet be couetous , yea they will doe great things , but will not be brought to glorifie God in their callings : which sheweth their religion to be vaine , & their hearts full of hypocrisie . And yet this rule may haue exceptions : for we doe neither know all good nor all euill at the first , much lesse loue the one and hate the other , as we ought : yea , we see many sinnes which as yet we cannot come out of as we should . Againe , there may be sinnes of frailtie , although not of presumption : but yet if we be not grieued for these , and displeased with our selues , when by any one we are ouertaken , and hate sinne , and loue goodnesse , when the Lord doth reueile it vnto vs ; we keepe an euill conscience , and our corruption shall be discouered : for in that measure we like of sinne , in that measure is hypocrisie in vs : and if the oftner we sinne the more we be grieued , it is a signe of vprightnesse , and then there is hope to recouer the fall , for this worketh a care and strife to come our of sinne , and at the last a recouerie : but in the hypocrite contrarie . The second note is , that we haue a single care to please and glorifie God in all our doings , and to approoue our selues vnto him without hope of reward , though trouble doe come vpon vs for it , and that onely because we would please God and glorifie his Name , and for the same cause eschue euill . The want of this caused Christ to reprooue the Scribes and Pharises , for fasting and prayer , because they did it to be seene of men . The want hereof condemneth the Papists and Familie of loue in all their workes , because they doe them , that thereby they may be righteous . When iustification was giuen to workes , then men would build Churches , Abbeyes , &c. and these things were greatly praised of men : but now , when good workes are commanded , not to merit , but for Gods glorie , as to be signes and seales of righteousnes , few are brought to doe them , which is a signe that there are but a few righteous men vpon earth . This rule also hath his exceptions , for we shall see much rebellion in our flesh , and hypocrisie withall : but we must note what is our chiefest drift , and what beareth the chiefest sway within vs , and of that shall we be named , as is the vse in other things , as to be of this or that complexion , because that or this is the principall , and it is called leauened bread , though water be mixt with it : so that if our consciences do witnesse with vs that our chiefe care is to please God , then is our hart vpright with God , though hypocrisie be ioyned with it . For it is one thing to do a thing for hypocrisie , & another thing mixt with hypocrisie : one thing for vaine glorie , and another thing mixt with vaine glorie . If we could see nothing by our selues , yet herein must we not iustifie our selues : and when we see infirmities ioyned with our speciall care , we must haue care to leaue them , & striue thereunto , so that we yeeld not our selues to them , but rather they leade vs away captiues , and whensoeuer we see them , to behold Satan in them , and therfore hate them , and though they buffet vs , yet still pray , and arme our selues against them , as Paul did . The third note is , that we neuer content our selues in our selues , nor in the things that we haue done , but still goe forward to leaue sinne , and draw neere to God. And this may be seene in Abraham ▪ and is set downe in the Prouerbs . And Paul saith , As many as are perfect are thus minded . Here then are disclosed those that either stay in the beginnings , or else slide backe when they are gone somewhat forward . For if we haue tasted once of the good grace of God , and then turne backe from it , it is impossible to be renued by repentance , whereof there are two causes : first , because they are alwaies learning and neuer the better , Esai . 28. where the Prophet rebuketh , saying : Line vpon line , and precept vpon precept . Secondly , because that if they attaine to knowledge : yet doe they not build themselues thereupon to keepe a good conscience : & thus experience teacheth in those that become heretikes . This is so fearefull to the godly , that they had rather fall into all the miseries of Iob than into this Apostasie . We must then goe on still , giuing God praise that we haue done something , and yet not so much to be puffed vp thereby , as sorrowfull that we haue not done so much as we ought , so that we looke vpon our sins to humble vs , & vpon that good which the Lord hath wrought in vs , to be thankfull ▪ But yet sometimes the children of God see they goe not forward , but as it were linger , yea they sometimes fall into grosse sinnes : for the first , if we striue not against it , mislike not our selues for it ▪ nor mourne because it is so with vs , we are in danger that the Lord will barre vs out . And if he punish those that goe not forward thus , what shall be to those that fall back ? But if we mislike our selues for our sinnes , & mourne striuing against them , we may take sound comfort therein . And for the second , the Lord turneth the falles of his children to their faster going forward and growing vp : for so they see their corruption more , wherewith being humbled , ( though it be a very fearefull thing for Christians to fall into any grosse sinne ) they flie faster vnto Christ. And againe , their fall maketh them more warie , and also to runne forward the faster , as they that runne in a race , or trauell in a iourney , being letted either by fall or by companie , doe afterward make more speede least that they should not obtaine their purpose . Dauid after his fall brought to see his originall corruption , craued more earnestly for the spirit to be renued in him . The children of God then fall , but the Lord reuealeth it and they rise againe : but the hypocrites and wicked continue still , and goe from euill to worse , because saluation is giuen to none but to those that loue it . The fourth note is , that we loue righteous men , and righteous things , as well in others as in our selues . Righteous men , that is , either such as are afore vs , our equals , or inferiours . We must loue them that are afore vs , that we may follow them , and be like vnto them , and not to please our selues in our selues , and therfore must we be desirous to keepe their companie , whether they be preachers or professors : for those that loue learning , will delight in the companie of those that are learned : and if we loue good men because they are so , it is a good signe we doe much more loue God who is goodnesse itselfe ; as if the father loue the schoolmaster for the sons sake , it is a signe he loueth his sonne much more . And if this be so , it will restraine vs that wee neither enuie , nor yet despise the gifts wee see in others : but rather giue God the glorie for them , and seeke to profit by them : contrarie to ●ll this is the vnrighteous and vaine-glorious man. That we might the rather doe this , Christ hath promised a reward , He that receiueth a Prophet , &c. Yea , wee see that worldly men haue beene blessed for the godlies sake , as Laban for Iacob : Putiphar for Ioseph : and Nabuchadnezzar for Dani●ls sake ; much more are the godly blessed ; as Abraham and L●t receiued Angels in shape of men , had the plague reuealed to them and escaped . So Ebed-Melech and Baruch , had their life for a prey , because of Ieremiah the Prophet ; So did the Shunamitish woman receiue singular blessings for entertaining Eliah . Contrariwise , the man that heareth not instruction , nor loueth righteous men , but contemneth his betters , is high in his owne eyes , hee hath no righteousnes in him . This hath also a punishment , as hath been seene vpon the Iewes , who killed the Prophets , but their children haue builded their sepulchers : So we can thinke well of many when they are gone , but when they are present with vs , & we might receiue some profit by them , we cannot digest them . But wee must thinke better of others then of our selues , yet approuing our selues both to God and to others also , as Paul doth . Wee must loue our equals , both to confirme them , and by them to be confirmed our selues . The true sensible feeling of our owne wants will moue vs to this dutie , that wee may haue the like of them . We must loue our inferiours , to instruct them , and draw them forward . And because our callings will not suffer vs to doe this to all , wee must first begin with them that are neerest vs , as Fathers , their wiues & children : Masters , their seruants : Princes , their subjects . Thus did Abraham teach his Familie , otherwise hee could not haue looked for the performance of the couenant , whereof one ende was this , that hee should teach his familie . This belongeth to vs , and all Christians , who being righteous haue the couenant made to them and their seede : and therefore must they bee taught and instructed , that they may keepe Gods ordinances and obserue his lawes . The small practise of this sheweth , that fewe men haue the warrant of saluation in themselues . This loue goeth further abroade to others , as to kinsfolkes : for the wicked take great paines to make manie like themselues , which may be a shame to Christians , if they striue not daylie to winne some . And that wee may doe this , there is a reward : Hee that conuerteth sinner shall shine as the starres . But if hee be condemned that spilleth the bodie , and suffereth the very A●le to fall , how much more shall hee be that loseth a soule ? Wee must loue all righteous things in others , as in our selues . Wee must take heede of vnrighteous men , and separate our selues from them : but this must be in respect of their sinnes and corruption , whereby GOD is dishonored ; not in respect of their person which God hath made , which after this sort may be tryed . If wee doe not bruite abroade their faults , but euen mourne for them , and their saluation . So did Lot mourne , and those are marked out which wept for the iniquitie of the time , and were preserued . In respect of Gods glorie to be angrie , but in respect of men to lament : this is a true zeale . And so CHRIST was angrie ▪ and wept ouer Ierusalem . Yet here must be considered , the manner of offending ; for some sinne of malice , and some sinne of infirmitie . Thus must wee hate all vnrighteous things , and mourne for them , and not only for them , but also for the abuse of those things , which in their owne nature are lawfull . FINIS . SWEETE AND SVRE SIGNES OF ELECTION , TO THEM THAT ARE BROVGHT LOW . 1_A Cleering of iudgement , conceiuing of the truth , and true meaning of the Scriptures , making for vs , or against vs. 2. A rebuking of sinne inwardly , a pouertie of spirit from thence , and a mourning therefore , Matth : 5. 3. 4. 3. A meekenesse of spirite , to cast our selues downe at Christs feete , Matth : 5. 4. 4 An hungring after the righteousnes which is in CHRIST , and a pricing and esteeming it aboue all earthly things . Philip : 3. 8. 9. 5. A musing vpon , and a desire to thinke and speake of heauenly things . 6. A conflict of the flesh and spirit , and therein , by practise , the power of the spirit geting the vpper hand , Rom : 7. 23. 7. A sowing to the spirit , by the vse of the meanes , as of the word , prayer , &c. 8. A purpose vnfained , vpon strength receiued , of vowing ones selfe whollie to the glorie of God , and good of our brethren . 9. A resignation of our selues into Gods hands . 10. An expecting of the daily increase of our soules health , & our bodies resurrection . 11. The forgiuing of our enemies . 12. An acknowledging of our offences , with a purpose truely to leaue them . 13. A delight in Gods Saints . 14. A desire that after our death the Church of God may flourish and haue all peace . 15 A spirit without guile : that is , an vnfained purpose alwayes to doe well , howsoeuer our infirmities put vs by it . These are sure notes of our election : wherein if anie bee short , yet let him but see into his heart , if he desire and long after these graces , and remember , Nehem , 11. Psalm . 10● ▪ 18. Psalm . 119 6. 40. 37. A TREATISE OF A CONTRACT BEFORE MARIAGE . After prayer hee spake as followeth . THat none of vs might doubt whether there bee iust occasion of this manner of our meeting or no ; wee are to call to minde euen from the Heathen , that the light of nature taught them , that there was a solemne promise to be made of the parties that should bee maried , before they were to be ioyned in marriage , and that was called the espousage : and therefore we were the more to be blamed , if we should neglect so good a custome , especially being commended to the chosen people of God , as we may gather of his words : for we reade that the Lord God made a law concerning the espoused persons , that if they were vnfaithfull of their bodies , they should be condemned as adulterers , euen as well as the maried parties . Mary also was affianced vnto Ioseph , before the solemnising of their mariage . And the vse of the Church standeth with good reason : for that the neglect of it is an occasion that many are disappointed of their purposed mariages , because some of them through inconstancie goe backe . It is very meete also , that they should haue some instructions giuen them concerning the graces and duties that are required in that estate , that they may pray vnto the Lord , and so be prepared and made fit to be publikely presented to the congregation afterwards . Now further as concerning the nature of this contract and espousage , although it be a degree vnder mariage , yet it is more than a determined purpose , yea more than a simple promise . For euen as he which deliuereth vp the estate of his lands in writing ( all conditions agreed vpon ) is more bound to the performance of his bargaine , than he that hath purposed , yea or made promise thereof by word of mouth , although the writings be not yet sealed : euen so there is a greater necessitie of standing to this contract of mariage , than there is of any other purpose or promise made priuately by the parties . These things obserued , I purpose ( as God shall giue me grace ) to giue some lessons , how you must prepare your selues to liue in the estate of mariage . I will for the helpe of your memorie deale in this sort and order : first briefly going through the Articles of your faith , and then through the Commandements , noting some especiall duties fit for this purpose . As concerning your beleefe in God the Father , you know ( brethren ) you must beleeue in him , as being creator of all things , and also the gouernour and preseruer of the same : you must also vnderstand that he created man according to his own image , and gaue him the preheminence & gouernment of the woman , for the helpe of the man , that he might be furthered in the seruice of his God. So you must much more look that you be not hindred from the Lord by your wife : for there are many whilest they desire mariage , so long as their hope is deferred they are carefull in the discharge of their dutie : but afterward once enioying those things they looked for , they waxe more negligent than they were before , greatly dishonouring God by their vnthankfulnes . And it may be the onely fault of man , if he be not helped by his wife to grow in godlines : for I thinke that euen Euah in moning her husband Adam to eate of the forbidden fruite , had been an helper vnto him , to bring him acquainted with the malitious enmitie of Satan against them both , if according to the great measure of graces he had receiued from the Lord , he had bin more faithfull in obeying the will of God , and had wisely rebuked his wife . And againe , although the woman was the occasion of sinne : yet the force of sinne to the corruption of mankind came into the world by the sinne of the man. For so the Apostle saith , Rom , 5. As by one man ( meaning Adam ) sinne entred into the world , and death by sinne : and so death went ouer all men , for as much as all men haue sinned . So much more the grace of God , and the gift of grace , which is by one man Iesus Christ , hath abounded vnto many . And in the 3. of Genesis we reade , that the eyes of the woman were not opened vntill the man had eaten of the fruite : but so soone as he had eaten , the eyes of them both were opened , & they knew that they had sinned . Therefore I gather thus much , that rebuke should haue preuailed more to conuert her , than her mouing of him to transgresse , should haue been able to peruert him . I speake not to excuse the woman , for I know the Lord was displeased with her , and for that cause hath laid a special punishmēt vpō her , in the painful bringing forth of children . But that I might shew the great charge that lieth vpon the man , to stay the corruptions of the woman , by reason of the authority which the Lord hath giuen him ouer her ▪ which I would haue you ( brother ) diligently to consider of . And you my sister must take profit , by calling to minde , that this was one end of your creation , that you should glorifie God in being an helper to your husband : therefore take heede that you be not a hinderer vnto him , to trouble him or to vexe his heart , whereby he should be lesse f●uitfull in his calling : but be you cheerful towards him , so that although he should haue little comfort in al other things , yet he may finde great cause to reioyce in you . And this you must know , that as it is required of your husband to seeke for wisedome to be able to gouerne you : so the Lord requireth of you to be subiect vnto him , remembring also that as God hath inioyned you silence in the congregation , so you must seeke for instruction at his mouth in your priuate chamber . Another thing I would haue you both to cōsider of in this point of your beliefe , is faith in Gods prouidence . And marke that well I shall say vnto you : for it is a speciall thing , and I know it shall doe you good , if God blesse it vnto you : for if you be assured in your hearts that it was the Lord who in his gracious prouidence brought you thus together , you shall be comforted against all troubles and hindrances that shall by any meanes be raised vp against you . For this is the nature of Sathan to bring men and women to this doubt : and when they once yeeld vnto it , what trouble and what strife doth he worke betwixt them ? For whereupon ariseth that impatiencie of spirit that we see to be in many , in murmuring , in chiding , in cursed speeches , & much like vnquietnes ? doth it not come of this , because they haue not a reuerend perswasion that the Lord in his prouidence as by his owne hand ioyned them in that neere bond and coniunction together ? Therefore my good brother and sister , as you would continue and increase in much loue and peace one towards another , marke ( I say ) this point diligently : for it shal be a very comfortable stay vnto you both , whatsoeuer should fall out afterwards , contrarie to that you looked for : as if there should be any disagreement in your seu●rall dispositions and natures : or if you should fall into sicknesses , into any diseases , or such like trials , you remembring that this was the Lords doing , you may be more assured that yet for all this , it shall be well in the end , if you be cōstant in prayer , calling vpō God the Father through faith in Iesus Christ. Now that you may prooue vnto your owne harts that the Lord hath knit you thus together , you must consider that it must needs be the Lord who hath moued the harts of your Christian parents to giue their lawfull consents vnto you in the same , and God in mercie shall giue you greater assurance of it , if you marke his dealings with you from time to time . Now as touching your faith in Iesus Christ , vnderstand that mariage is holy vnto them onely , whose hearts are sanctified by faith in his name . And although God will alwaies approue his owne ordinance , yet it must needs prooue hurtfull in the end vnto them , who call not for his blessing vpon the same : and without repentance will turne to their further condemnation . Therefore you are both to examine your selues diligently herein : & you brother . A. must learne hereby so to loue your wife , as Christ Iesus loued his Spouse , his Church : that is to say , euen as our Sauiour Christ is very patient towards it , and by little and little purgeth , washe●h , and clenseth away the corruption of it : so you must in like manner in all wisedome vse the meanes , and with a patient minde waite for the amendment of any thing that you shal finde to be amisse in your wife , & that the graces of Gods spirit may daily increase in her . Therefore I charge you in the sight of God & his Angels , and as you will answere vnto me and the parents of this my sister , before the iudgement seate of Christ , that as you receiue her a virgin from her parents , so you neglect no dutie , whereby her saluation may be furthered , that you may present her pure & blamelesse , as much as in you lieth , vnto Iesus Christ , when he shall call you to account . And doe not thinke that this is a harder charge , thā is meete : for seeing that God hath promised a blessing vnto those husbands that are faithfull to the conuerting of their vnbeleeuing wiues , how much more then shall you preuaile with a Christian daughter , and one ( I hope ) that hath receiued the faith as well as your selfe ? And you my sister , must likewise take heede , that you refuse not to obey your husbād , in all things agreeable to Gods most holy word . For you must by his ordinance be subiect vnto him , euen as the Church is subiect vnto Iesus Christ. And as the Church should be but a strumpet , and be vnworthie of Christ , and those blessings which he bringeth with him for her , if she should not receiue and acknowledge him as her head : so could you not looke for any benefit from your husband , vnlesse you should submit your selfe vnto him , according to the commandement of God. Neither do I thus charge you with any obedience but in the Lord : for if he should require any such thing of you , as should cause you to depart from Christ , I would haue you in any case remember that you are principally espoused vnto Christ. And herein also you must consider , that there will be speciall araces of obedience , and modesti● , and goodnesse looked for of you : not onely in respect of your good education , but also because of that help which is now offered vnto you . And when the holie Ghost in the Scriptures telleth you , that the belieuing wife may ( through his blessing ) winne the vnbeli●uing Husband , if so be shee walke christianlie in godly conuersation with modestie and scare before him : let this encourage you to hope for better successe , by all meanes of dealing towards one that is faithfull , and I trust will be willing in all good things to comfort you . Now thirdly , in that you are taught to belieue in God the holie Ghost , it admonisheth you to pray for his teaching , that you may by him be led into all truth , and be further instructed & drawne vnto euery Christian dutie frō time to time . The duties are very many to be gathered out of euery article , as also out of the seuerall Commandements : but I will onely giue you a taste , and touch o●ely some one dutie , required of you in euerie one of them . In that you belieue that there is an vniuersall Church and Communion of Saints , you must bee diligent to approoue your selues one to each other , that you are parts and members thereof : and further the gra●es that God hath bestowed vpon either of you , must be common in the vse thereof to each other : so againe , you must sustaine the infirmities one of another . Finallie , you must prouoke and st●re vp o●e another , that your Faith may be strengthened , and your selues comforted against all other gri●fes , by the assurance you shall haue wrought in you concerning the forgiuenes of sinnes , wherein your happines doth consist : as also in the hope of the resurrection of your bodies , and the continuall meditation of eternall life . We will come now to the Commaundements : and first , for the first commandement , which requireth all spirituall seruice of you that is due vnto the Lorde , that you stedfastly belie●e in him , loue him with all your hearts , and with feare and reuerence to call vpon his Name , in all things giuing thanks , as to him which is the author & giuer of euery good and perfect gift vnto you . You must make the profite of this commandement , that if you will looke in truth of heart , to be faithfull , louing , and dutifull one to the other , these graces must spring from the other , as being the fountaine and well-spring of all life and truth vnto them ▪ For contrariwise , if you be vnmindfull of God , hee will not suffer you to finde the benefits of thes● ▪ one by the other . The second Commaundement , which requireth of you to worship God after the true manner , that hee appointeth in his word , teacheth you thus much , that you must nourish your l●e in this estate , by the practise of things whereby he is worshipped and honored of vs ▪ n●mely , by hearing , and reading of his holie word , and by the vse of the Sacraments . For that same that is s●irred vp and nourished by this meanes , is most pure and will longest endure , whe● f●●●thly loue soone vanisheth and fadeth away . In the third Commandement , as you are trusted with the glorie of God : so you are charged ( b●o●h●r ) tha● you abuse not his Name , if you be faithfull vnto the Lord in seeking his glo●ie , and the aduancement of his truth , and of the kingdome of Iesus Christ , preferring it in all things as is meete ; then surely will the Lord blesse you , and prosper your wayes : but if you fall away and slide into any heresie , and so dishonor his Maiestie ; then will God certainly plague you in his wrath , and he will make that which you desire to haue greatest comfort in , turne into a curse vpon you . And I would haue you remember to this ende , how God the Lord dealt with wicked Amaziah , who for the * prophaning of Gods glorie and worship , had the hart of his wife drawne from him , and so to his great reproch became a notorious whore . So likewise my sister , that you dishonour not God , as being a meanes of withdrawing your husbands heart from the duties of his calling , but nourishing Faith and a good conscience in all things with him : so will the Lord for his owne Names sake blesse you together . For you shall finde it true which hee hath spoken : Them that honour mee I will honour ▪ and them that despise mee shall be despised ; But beware ( I say ) that you giue no occasion of falling away , or back sliding vnto your husband , least God also bring shame vpon you by him , by giuing him ouer to some sinne . I speake not this , as thogh I doubted these things , in either of you both : for I hope of better things of you : but in speaking to you , I admonish my selfe , wishing that wee all take heede , that wee fall not as the wicked and sinners into the hand of God : for he will not hold him guiltlesse that taketh his name in vaine . I will spe●ke nothing of the fourth Commaundement , onely referring you to that I taught publikely this day , concerning the conscience wee ought to haue , in the true and spirituall keeping of the same . The fifth Commandement teacheth you to be obedient , and to relieue and obey your husband . And marke this ( Sister ) I shall now say vnto you : if you had neuer so manie gifts , if you had the wisedome of Ab●gael , and all other graces which are in any woman ; yet if you wanted obedience to your Husband , I tell you true that you are nothing worth , and you could haue no part in Iesus Christ : who denieth himselfe to be the gouernour of anie , that will not acknowledge their Husband to be their head . Therefore ( Sister ) let others doe as they list , but bee you in the number of those that doe feare GOD , and as the daughter of Sara by doing well , who yeelded reuerence to Abraham , and is commended in the Scripture , for her dutifull speech shee alwayes vsed vnto him , calling him Lord , or Sir. Now ( Brother ) remember that you must so gouerne , as you must giue account of the manner of your gouernment , euen vnto GOD himselfe . Besides , where there is greater dignitie , there must you knowe that there are greater graces required : and in ruling well , there are manie speciall duties to be performed . Therefore you must behaue your selfe wi●ely , least you dishonour your selfe , by abusing your authoritie : for it is a daughter of Israel that is committed vnto you , and one that is fellow-hei●e of the same grace in IESVS CHRIST with you . Againe , you must consider that a woman is a very fraile creature , and may soone be discouraged ; when as there ought to be more constancie , and stayednes on your part . Therefore in the sixt Commaundement , God forbiddeth all churlish behauiour , all lumpishnes , and all vnkindnesse and discurreous speeches ; charging you also to beare with manie weaknesses , to the ende they may bee most quietly reformed . And you ( Sister ) are forbidden all fullennesse , and that you also for your part take heede of all bitter speeches , and of naughtie names which wee heare throwne out , of some women of vnquiet spirits : and if you will haue your infirmitie cured by gentlenesse , then deale you in like manner towards your husbands . For it cannot be but occasions of vnquietnes will sometimes be offered on either part : and therefore in many things , you must willinglie beare each others burthen . Besides this ( Sister ) there is a dutie required in this Commaundement , that you take care of the health of your Husband , in dressing meates wholsome for him . And this shall bee a meanes that his heart shall be more bent in all louing affection towards you . In the seuenth Commandement there are many things to be noted , but I can but touch some one or two at this present for want of time : the speciall vse and substance of it is this much : that you liue chastly in this estate , and that you keepe the mariage bed vndefiled ; and let me giue you both this warning , that you take heede in the beginning , marke what I say , least that which ought to be a meanes to further chastitie , should turne to the hinderance of you . Therefore pray to God to giue you grace that you may be soberly affected in all things , and namely , in the vse of mariage : and repent of that which is past , if you haue any way offended the Lord in this behalfe . For many failing in repentance for their former sinnes , fall afterward vnto their vncleannes againe . As for you Brother , true loue towards your wife , will bee a notable stay from all corruptions : this wee reade of Isaack , Gen : 24. 67. because he loued Rebecca very dearely , he had no more wiues but her ; albeit in those dayes ( it was a grieuous sinne ) euen amongst many of the faithful , they had at once more wiues than one . Therefore when you are from her abroade , make a couenant with your eyes , and let not your heart wander after any other , but thinke vpon your owne wife , and delight your heart in her continually , and pray earnestly vnto God for her , and so will the Lord increase your loue vnto her , and moue her heart also to delight and long after you . So must you sister , that the same blessings may ouertake you : as surely if you embrace his feare , and walke in his wayes , he will blesse you as well in bearing of children , as in other his manifold graces which he hath in store to bestow vpon you . Heere also I must by the way admonish you of one other thing , which I had forgotten before , and that is this ; your loue must spring from that reuerence & feare that you must yeeld vnto your husband : for true loue is mixt as it were with these two : and this is a speciall dutie , & often repeated in the Scripture , that the wife must feare the Husband . So that you see ( Sister ) that you must not looke to haue your Husband at your becke for your loue : but you must render due beneuolence vnto each other . For as the bodie of the Husband is not his owne , but his wiues : so is not the woman 's her owne , but her husbands : for they are both one flesh , as the Scripture doth teach . Now , if anie doe object , that this is the way to bring women into bondage , and to be as drudges to their Husbands , if they should in this manner be subject vnto them . No , no , it is not so , but the most readiest way to procure vnto themselues grace , peace of conscience , and more sweete libertie ; whilest they liue in obedience to God , and his holy ordinances . And therefore the spirit of God admonisheth all women , that they be not afraide of any such vaine terror . Now further my Brother and Sister , that you may keepe your bodies pure and chaste , one for the other , I would counsell you to beware of being alone with anie , when there is feare of temptation vnto euill : but bee carefull , that you may alwayes haue witnesse of your Christian behauiour : and in keeping companie conuenient , chuse vnto your selfe such as be most sober and faithfull . Well , although there bee manie more duties , yet I will content my selfe to goe one thing further , that is , that as you seeke for continuance and increase of loue , so you take heede of jealousie : for although that true loue is very earnest , and mixt with godlie jealousie ; yet there is a wicked jealousie , and that causeth causelesse suspicions , which worketh great woe vnto such as giue credit vnto them . Take heede therefore , my Brother and Sister of this , yea though there should seeme iust cause , yet giue not too speedy credit vnto them . Now , if you desire to know in your heart , which are vngodly suspicions , know them by this token : for they will make you more negligent in praying one for another , and more slacke in performing all other duties of loue , one to another , In the eight Commaundement you are charged ( Brother ) to vse all lawfull means to prouide for the maintenance of your wife in honest estate : else were you worse then an Infidell . But I charge you to take heede , least through distrust in the prouidence of God , you make shipshracke of a good conscience , vsing any vniust or vnlawfull meanes . And you ( Sister ) are commaunded to be a good houswife , and to keepe those things together which you haue , and so increase them , as you may from time to time be helpfull vnto others . For if you should consume and waste things vnprofitablie , you should grieue and trouble the minde of your Husband , who ought to be cased of that care by you . And further , if it should please God to call either of you to suffer persecution in time of triall , the weaker must ( for the Lords cause ) giue place to the stronger , and desire the Lorde to giue greater strength : for we must labour for grace , that we may be willing for the Gospell , to forsake all things whatsoeuer we haue . Out of the ninth Commaundement I will giue you this rule , that neither of you blaze abroad the infirmities of each other : it is a great enemie to pure loue . But if there bee neede of counsell and helpe in any matter , then chuse a faithfull friend with consent , that may be an indifferent iudge betwixt you . And againe , in any case tell the truth one to an other : for it is a thing diligently to be regarded in these our dayes , when as men and women are so full of pollicies and subtil fetches , that there is almost no simplicity to be found in anie . In the last commandement , which concerneth wicked motions and thoughts , although there be no consent giuen vnto them , you are to consider that your nature will neuer bee freed from them in this life : therefore you must prepare to prayer , and other heauenly exercises of Faith , to striue continually against them . Thus I will end , beseeching God for Christ Iesus sake to giue you of his spirit , that may teach you in these things , and enable you to further duties agreeable to his helic w●ll , to the glorie of his name , and your euerlasting comfort . O Lord God deare Father , for thy welbeloued Sonne our Sauiours s●ke , make vs thankfull for this thy gracious prouidence towards vs. Oh Lord forgiue all our sins , and keepe vs pure both in soule & bodie : for thine owne Names sake write these instructions in our hearts , and giue vs grace to make practise of them in the whole course of our liu●s : ●uide vs in all things deare Father , by the grace of thy good spirit , and let the mercifull eye of thy fatherly prouidence watch ouer vs continuallie , that wee may be comforted in thy wayes , and quickened alwayes to giue thee immortall praise , and that through thy deare Sonne Iesus Christ our Lord and onely Sauiour . Amen . After the exhortation and prayer , hee asked the parties to be contracted , these two questions . 1 , Of their consents of parents . After their answere of their parents consent , to make a faithfull promise of mariage one to another , at such time as their parents could agree vpon it , they were charged to keepe themselues chasle , vntill the mariage bee sanctified by the publike prayers of the Church : for otherwise many mariages haue been punished of the Lord , for the vncleannes that hath been committed betwixt the contract and the mariage . 2. Whether they euer were precontracted ? Then hee charged them , saying : I charge you , as by authoritie from Iesus Christ , in whom you looke to be saued , that hauing the consent of your parents , and receiued these precepts , that ( I say ) yee labour to grow in knowledge , and in the feare of God. And now as in the sig●t of God ( with all such le●itie as of others is vsed ) you must make before the Lord a contract , which is farre more then a promise : and that on this manner their hands being ioyned . ● . R. doe promise to thee F. that I will bee thine husband , which I will confirme by publike mariage , in pledge whereof I giue thee mine hand . In like manner doth the woman to the man. Then after the prayer the parties are dismissed . FINIS . A TREATISE OF THE SABBATH . IT is written Exod. 20. 8. Remember the Sabbath day to keepe it ●olie , &c : Dearely bel●ued in the Lord , there is no Commandement of Gods part more vrged , and of ou● parts lesse obserued , then this one of the Sabbath : wherefore with zeale to Gods glorie , and loue vnfained vnto your selues , I haue endeuoured in that measure and manner that God hath enabled mee to intreat of this argument . The necessarie vse whereof we shall more plainely perceiue , if wee doe wisely consider either the lamentable inconueniences which accompanie the want of the pure vnderstanding thereof : or the manifold commodities , which ensue the right embracing of the same . The inconueniences are partly to be obserued in the wicked , and partly to be noted in the children of God. In the wicked who either are seduced by false doctrine , or else which are carelesse of true doctrine . They that are deceiued by false religion , be either Papists on the one side , the Families of loue with such like heretikes on the other side : whereof the one , that is the Papists , make the Sabbath day but an ordinance , and ceremonie of the Church , and therefore obserue it , but as a thing taken vp and retained by the Church of Rome : as also they do many other holie daies in the yeere . The other seeing no further into it , than as it is an ordinance and ceremonie , and thinking it to containe nothing morall , crie out against it , as willing to haue it wholie abrogated , seeing all ceremonies haue had their end in Christ : alleadging , though nothing to the purpose , that God is a spirit , and will be worshipped in spirit and in truth : and therefore the obseruation of a day is nothing auailable to his worship . Againe , what credit it hath in them that are carelesse of religion , all men may see . Tush ( say these men ) the Sabbath is too ●ewish and full of superstition : and therefore vnto them it is all one with other common holie daies , sauing that peraduenture they had rather haue it , than want it ; not for any loue of religion , but for easing of their flesh , and the more in-glutting themselues with carnall pleasure ▪ by meanes whereof they make it a day of the world , not a day of the Church ; a time rather dedicated to the pampering of the flesh , than sincerely cōsecrated to the building vp of the soule and spirit . In the children of God otherwise well instructed , haue also arisen many scruples concerning this matter , how it is ceremonious , & how it is not : which kinde of men keepe the Sabbath not as grosse heretikes , and yet not as carefull obseruers , by reason that they are not throughly taught in it , nor fully perswaded of it . Wherefore we may see how needfull this doctrine is , yea although we had no care of them , that are not in the Church ; yet in respect of them of whom we haue most care , being in the Church of God with vs. And this necessitie we shall also obserue , if in truth we marke the seuerall commodities , which proceede from the right vnderstanding hereof . For seeing the Sabbath day is the schoole day , the faire day , the market day , the feeding day of the soule , when men purely knowing the vse of it , separate it wholy from other daies , they shall see how they may recouer themselues from sinnes alreadie past ▪ arme themselues against sin to come , grow in knowledge , increase in faith , and how much they shall be strengthened in the inner man. Wherefore in the booke of God , when the Lord will vrge the obseruation of the whole law , he often doth it vnder this one word of keeping the Sabbath . Againe , when the Prophets sharply rebuke the people for their sinnes , they particularly lay before them , how the Sabbaths of the Lord are broken . And to speake the truth , how can a man lie long in the liking of sin , who embraceth this doctrine in conscience , who willingly would haue his sinnes discouered , his conscience vnripped , the iudgements of God against his sinnes threatned , wherby he might come to a loathing , & grow to a further misliking of his sinnes daily ? Sure it is indeede , that as in other things , so in this , the ceremonial vse little auaileth . Howbeit , if for the ceremoniall vse of the Sabbath , because many so vse it , therefore we should leaue it , we might as well by the same reason put out of the doores of the Church the administration of the Sacraments , the making of prayer , the preaching of the word , because the most part of men vse these things for a fashion : neither is it the question which we haue in hand , what men doe , but what they ought to doe in the obseruation of the Sabbath . In the setting downe whereof , this order doth offer it selfe to be obserued : first to speake of the commandement it selfe , and then of the reasons thereof . The commandement as we see , is deliuered both affirmatiuely and negatiuely , whereas all other the commandements are but either affirmatiuely , or negatiuely expressed : so that where it is said , the Sabbath day keepe holie , the holie vse of the Sabbath is flatly and straightly vrged : where it is added , in it thou shalt not doe any worke , the irreligious breach of the same is plainely restrained . The reasons be in number foure . The first is included in the word remember , and is drawne from the end , which is thus much in effect : Wilt thou worship me purely , and loue thy neighbour vnfainedly ? then obserue this one thing , which I haue therefore placed indifferently betweene those commaundements which concerne mine owne honour , and the comfort of thy brethren . The second reason is deriued from the authoritie of the lawgiuer , whereby the Lord vrgeth our obedience , and is expressed in these words , the seuenth day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God. The third is inferred of the equitie of this law : wherein the Lord dealeth with men as it were by conference , and disputeth by plaine reason , that iustly we cannot denie him the seuenth for his owne glorie , who hath not denied vs sixe daies to trauell in our owne affaires . And this is gathered when he saith , Sixe daies shalt thou labour and doe all thy worke : but the seuenth day , &c. The fourth and last reason is borrowed from proportion of the Lords own example , that as in sixe daies he made all things , and in the seuenth ceased from creating , though not from preseruing them : so in sixe daies we may haue a naturall vse of the creatures of God , but on the seuenth day we ought to haue a spirituall vse of them . Vnder these may be couched another reason deriued from the time , wherein the Lord first commanded the Sabbath , which was in mans innocencie : so that if before transgression it was an effectuall meanes to keepe out sinne , then after mans fall it must needes be of force to withstand sinne . It may seeme the best way to some , first to intreate of the commandement it selfe , and then of the reasons . Howbeit , because the Lord his wisedome sometime prefixeth the reason , as in the first commandement , and seeing it is a thing of small effect to vrge the vse to them who are not grounded on the doctrine , and it is hard to ouermatch the affection vntill iudgement be conuinced : we will first arme the matter with reasons , and then shew both how this law is kept , and how it is broken . This order is commended vnto vs by the holy Ghost , 2. Timoth. 2. 16. and for want of this order , many excellent Sermons haue little effect : for where iudgement , by the truth is not conuinced , there many exhortations fall to the ground : for which cause also the holy vse of the Sabbath so little preuaileth with many , in that they are not grounded with iudgement in the true knowledge of the same . But before we come to the particular discourse of the reasons , generally let vs consider why this commandement is in words larger , in reasons fuller , than any other commandement . If we take a view of the whole law , we may obserue how the Lord hath set downe sixe precepts in many words , and foure nakedly in bare words , as the 6. the 7. the 8. and the 9. why then are the first fiue commandements so apparelled with reasons , and the last so dilated by a speciall amplification ; the other foure being so briefe and so naked ? Certainly the Lord and law-giuer foresaw , that vnto these foure , men would easily be brought to yeeld : and we see how the very Heathen haue freely granted them , the Philosophers haue fruitfully written of them , all ciuill righteous men do earnestly maintaine them : and to be briefe , common honestie counteth him no man that will murther , he is thought beastlike that defileth his body , outward ciuilitie condemneth a theese , and the common sort of men mislike a backbiter and slanderer . Againe , he knew in his eternall wisedome , how the first fiue would neither in reason so soone be admitted , nor in affection so easily embraced : and therefore to meete with the subtiltie of mans nature , and corruption of mans heart , they are set downe more piercingly . This we shall see in the first and last commandements of the second table . In the first , when the Lord had commanded honour to be giuen to parents , he enforceth his commandement with annexing a promise of long life , and why ? euen iudgement herein is much corrupted . For many there are who granting the inconueniencie and vilenes of murther , adulterie , and false witnesse bearing , yet denie the necessitie & the excellencie of Magistracie . Yea , and albeit in iudgement many men yeeld to the reason thereof : yet is not the equitie thereof so soone in affection embraced : for experience of all ages proueth , that the corrupt nature of man is most hardly brought to be subiect , and these last miserable daies can witnesse the same more especially , wherein men are growne to be without naturall affection . Not without cause therefore is this precept fenced with reason . In the last ( where God laieth a more precise rule & straighter charge to the conscience of man , than flesh and blood would willingly beare , because men thinke it some rigorous dealing to haue their least affections arraigned , and their secret thoughts condemned , as willing to haue their thoughts not to be called into any court , to hold vp their hād at the barre of iudgement ) he is constrained as it were by particular branches and seuerall articles to set downe the law , that we might not finde some starting holes to creepe out at , and to wring our selues out of the precincts of the same . Yet more euidently doth this appeare in all the commandements of the first table , because they are more contrarie to the iudgement of man meerely naturall , although he be otherwise neuer so wise , and the word of truth must only trie them : for in the first commandement , the reason is prefixed ; in the second , third , and fourth commaundements , the reasons are annexed . But here may arise this question , ●o wit , why the second and fourth Precepts , are so amplified in words , and strengthened with more reasons than anie of the other ? Surely herein the Lord declareth , how he plainely foresaw , how amongst the rest these two commandements would finde lea●● entertainment , and most be refused . But what shall we say of the Papists , Familists , and Heretikes among vs in these dayes : and other men also otherwise of sound iudgement , which affirme , that as well the second as the fourth Commandement , is ceremoniall : whereof the one would bring into the Church Images , the other prophanenes ? Wherefore the Lord in his wisedome foreseeing these cauilling wits , preuented their purposes : so that if either they yeeld not , or make resistance to the truth so manifest , they oppose themselues to the knowne and open truth , and so make themselues the more inexcusable . Wee see to acknowledge that there is a God , to honour Father and Mother , to abstaine from blood , not to defile our flesh , not wrongfully to oppresse , not to bee a notorious slanderer ; euery Papist and naturall man guided but by the light of reason , will easilie graunt . For the wonderfull order of the heauens , the continuall course of the Sunne , Moone , and starres , the outgoings of the mornings and euenings declare there is a God. Reason perswadeth , how the things in the world must needes be gouerned , and that wee owe loue vnto him by whom they be guided . Nature teacheth that mens liues must bee maintained : common ciuilitie abhorreth adulterie , oppression and backbiting . But if yee aske how this God is to be worshipped , and what times wee must sanctifie to that vse : we shall see how many Countreys , so many religions ; how many men , so many deuises . Thus wee see how necessarie it was that the Lorde should prouide for his owne glorie , and captiuate all mans inuentions , se●ing all these Commaundements doe most fight against the reason of man , and by reason haue most beene oppugned . So in the pure obseruing of these , consisteth the sincere keeping of the rest of them . For how shall wee knowe how to walke in pure worship with an vpright heart before the Lord ? how shall wee giue him the honour due vnto his glorious name ? how shall wee be instructed rightly and reuerently to deale with the dignitie of our brethren , faithfully with their liues , purely with their bodies , righteously with their goods , or tenderly with their credit ; but by those waies and rules which the Lord hath prescribed in his word ? and when should wee learne those rules , but at such times as hee himselfe hath appointed and sanctified for that purpose ? Againe where these two commaundements are not rightly vnderstood , there true Religion goeth to wracke . For admit that wee should not carefully follow the word of God , how many religions would then start vp ? Let this bee graunted , that euery man should haue what day he would for the worship of God , and then see how many dayes men would bestow on the Lord. But let vs come to the reasons , whereof the first is drawne from the end of the law , and is partly signified by this word remember , and partly by this word sanctifie ; Remember the Sabbath day to sanctifie it . For this word remember , which is heere prefixed , is set downe this word obserue , in Deuteronomie : wherein wee are forewarned to watch the more diligently , and attend more carefully vpon this Commandement . In which point wee may obserue , that whereas all other commaundements are simply set downe and directly propounded , this alone hath a preface prefixed , which is thus much in effect ▪ Wilt thou learne sincerely to worship me according to that substance , manner , and end , which I haue prescribed ? and wilt thou truly trie thy loue to mee , by exercising the duties of loue to thy brethren ? then forget not to keepe holie the Sabbath , wherein I shall teach thee both how thou shalt walke vprightly in the worship due vnto mee , and also liue obediently in duties concerning man. Againe , the nature of the word remember , importeth thus much , that this law was not only grauen in the hearts of our forefathers , as were all the other : but also in expresse words inioyned vnto Adam and Eue in Paradise , and manifestly practised of the Israelites in the wildernes . Exod. 16. and that therefore in this common promulgating of the Law , they should especially remember this , which is not newly giuen , as are the rest , but rather renued as being giuen out before . True it is , that before this solemne publishing of the Law in mount Sinai , this , and all other Commandements were written in the hearts of our fore-Fathers , as we may see in the booke of Genes . For the first , we reade how the Lord said vnto Abraham , Gen. 17. I am GOD all-sufficient , walke before mee , and be vpright . Concerning the second , Gen. 31. 19. Rachel is saide to steale her Fathers Idols . Genes . 35. 2. Iacob reformed his household , and cleanseth it from Idolatrie . For the third , we may see how religious they were in swearing . Concerning the fift , what authority exercised Iacob towards his children ? what duties they yeelde to him both in life and death ? How they hated murther , it is manifest in that historie . Both Iosephs continencie , and the punishment threatned to Abimelech declare , how hainous a thing adultery was vnto them . Concerning theft , Laban his quarrelling with Iacob : and Ioseph his accusing of the brethrē , doe shew that it was a thing vnlawfull . Lastly , Abimelech the king reprehendeth both Abraham , Genes . 20. and Isaak Genes . 26. for bearing false witnesse , in denying their wiues . Thus we see what efficacie is couched in this preface , in that it sheweth both by the precept , and practise giuen and yeelded of our first fathers , how this commandement alone was giuen in expresse words : as also that this one precept is the schoole of all the other Commandements . But to what end ? to keepe it as ceremoniall ? No , to sanctifie it as morall ; for the end of the Sabbath consisteth in these two things : first in the morall : secōdly , in the figuratiue , ceremoniall , or shadowish obseruation of it : as wee take the word shadow here for a figure , because a ceremonie is more then a shadow . That I call morall , which doth informe mens manners , either concerning their religion to God , or their duties vnto man : that I meane figuratiue , which is added for a time in some respect , to some persons , for an helpe to that which is morall , as Deut : 5. 15. Remember that thou wast a seruant in the land of Aegipt . Howbeit , that this first morall ende is here vnderstood , the first words declare , where it is saide , Sanctifie the Sabbath day . For where mention is made of the ceremonie , it is saide keepe , * and not sanctifie the Sabbath . Now what is it to sanctifie the Sabbath day , but to put it apart from all other dayes , for a peculiar vse of Gods worship ▪ for otherwise wee must know , that all other dayes are sanctified : so that to sanctifie it , is to do that thing on the Sabbath for which it was commanded : but of this we shall speake more largely , by the grace of God in the last reason . In the meane time let vs briefly obserue this , that as our first parents did sanctifie the Sabbath in viewing the creatures of God , for to praise him : so wee sanctifie it in vsing the means which hee hath appointed for his worship . So that first wee vsing the exercises of religion , whereby we may be sanctified , and then ioyning with them the spirituall vse of the creatures , whereby wee may be furthered in our sanctification , should after vse the exercises of loue , whereby we may shew that wee are sanctified . Our first Fathers needed not ordinarily the ministrie of the Word , but had the great bookes of Gods workes . We haue need of the Word , both publike and priuate , and therefore must learne it , that hauing learned it , wee might the better exercise the duties of loue : So then , that which was first to Adam , is now the last to vs , to wit , the beholding of God in his creatures , and the praising of him for the same . In the Psalme 92. which was appointed to be sung of the Church on the Sabbath , is set downe as the chiefest vse thereof , the singing of Gods mercie , the shewing of his righteous iudgements , in rewarding the godlie , though afflicted , in punishing the vngodlie , though here they be aduaunced , as also in learning to know God in his worship and in his workes . Againe , Psal : 95. we shall not see any ceremoniall vse of the Sabbath : but that it should be vsed in praying to God , in praising of God , and hearing of his Word . This is confirmed , Exod. 31. 13. Speake vnto the children of Israel and say , Notwithstanding keepe my Sabbaths ; for it is a signe betweene mee & you in your generation , that yee may know , that I the Lord doe sanctifie you . As also Deuteron . 5. 12. Keepe the Sabbath day to sanctifie it , as the Lord thy God hath commaunded thee . And Ezechiel , 20. vers . 12. I gaue them my Sabbaths to bee a signe betweene mee and them , that they might know that I am the Lord that sanctifie them . In which places , as the reason is adioyned of keeping the Sabbath : So wee must vnderstand , that where it is called a * signe , it is meant a document , and not a figure ( for euery figure is a signe , but euery signe is not a figure ) as we may see in the sacraments , which are not figures or shadowes of things to come : So that , in that the Lorde saith , My Sabbath is a signe betweene mee and you , it is as much in effect , as if he should say : my Sabbath is a common instruction betweene you and me ; of mee as the Creator , Redeemer , and Sanctifier ; of you , as created , redeemed , and sanctified : so that the Sabbath is a document & pledge of Gods will , whereby we should know , what hee is vnto vs , and wherein wee should learne what we should do to him . In which respect this commandement is no more ceremoniall then the first , where the Lord propoundeth what he is to vs , and secretly includeth what wee should be to him . No maruell then , though this be the principall ende , which was not begun to the Iewes , but first inioyned to Adam and Eue. Wherefore we may thus reason both safely and soundly : Whatsoeuer is the first ende , is the chiefest ende : but to sanctifie the Sabbath is the first end , because it was ordained so to Adam , in time of his innocencie , at what time it could not bee a figure , because , by the iudgement of all sound learned , ( whereof I haue read some ) there were no figures vntill sinne came into the world , from which our Parents were yet free : but a meane to keepe them in innocencie , in that notwithstanding their excellent creation , they were subiect to falling : therefore this ende must be the chiefest . This was not onely giuen to the posteritie of Abraham , but to the whole posteritie of Adam : and therefore it was not proper to the Iewes , being first begunne in Paradise , and then afterward renewed in Mount Sinai . So that this morall ende was the first ende , and common ende : and although as the Iewes had a more speciall cause of worshipping God , in that they had receiued a more peculiar deliuerance , when they could haue no rest in Egypt , they on this day did remember their rest : yet neuertheles this was not the ende , but rather a reason why they did keepe the Sabbath : as we may see also , Exod. 23. 12. where the Lord commandeth the seuenth day to rest , adding as a reason , not as an end , that thine Oxe and thine Asse may rest , & the sonne of thy Mayde , and the stranger may be refreshed . Where this sparing of the beasts is added , as a reason drawne from that humanitie , which is in the Law , not as a thing for this speciall end in this precept commanded , which is proper rather to the sixt Commaundement , and but accessarie vnto this . For which cause this ceremonie being but accessarie , cannot take away the principall , and being the latter , it cannot take away the former . It is no good reason , that the accessarie being taken away , the principall should also be abrogated : but rather on the contrarie , the accessarie remooued , the principall may remaine , the appertinance being past , the more general substance may continue : and though the latter be disanulled , the former may be vnabolished . Wherefore though the ceremoniall ende , which was but an accessarie , and added afterward as a thing peculiar to the Iewes , is gone with them , to whome this law was made : yet the morall ende which was the principall , and first giuen out as a thing generall to all , appertaineth still vnto vs. * Lastly , whatsoeuer seuereth either God from man , or man from man , the same is abrogated : the law Morall ( which is free from all ceremonies , and through Christ requireth nothing but a sincere , thogh imperfect obedience , as being voyd of all rigour , and exempted from the curse ) doth not seuer God from man , nor man from man : Therefore the Lawe morall is not abrogated . For nothing is disanulled , but the rigour and curse of the Lawe , which made a diuorcement betweene God and man , and the ceremonie of the Law , which made a separation betweene man and man , that is , betweene the Iewe and the Gentile , as we may gather , Coloss : 2. and Galat. 4. Wherefore we affirme , that as it was peculiar to the Iewes , as concerning their deliuerance , that ende of the Sabbath is ceased : but as it is common to vs with them , and all others , to bee preserued in the meanes of true worship , the Sabbath is to bee obserued : So that not the doctrine and sincere obedience of the Sabbath , * but the curse of the Lawe , and rigorous keeping of the Sabbath is abrogated . When one thing hath diuers endes , if one ende be remoued , the other may remaine . For as the Sacraments in the time of the law had two ends : the one to foreshew that Christ should come ; the other to assure them , what they should haue in Christ when he came : and in that they did foreshew Christ to come , they are gone ; as they assured vs what we haue in Christ , they remaine still with vs. And as for one example we may see in the Sacrament of Circumcision two ends ; the one a signe of the circūcision of the flesh , which is now ceased ; the other a seale of Repentance and Faith : and so it is vnto vs remaining a token of imitation , though not in the same manner of administration that is in circumcision , yet in the same matter to that effect , to wit , in Baptisme : so likewise the Sabbath hauing two endes , the one morall , the other ceremoniall . As it was ceremoniall , and was giuen to the Iewes , as they were Iewes , it was proper to the Iewes ; but as it was morall , not giuen to the Iewes alone , but to our first fathers before the Iewes , and to the Gentiles after the Iewes , it remaineth no lesse to all men , after the Iewes ceased to bee a peculiar people , then the comming together to one place doth yet appertaine vnto vs. For although in that the Iewes came together to one place , as it represented the Church of God , it is taken away , because God is present with vs in all places : yet as they had it to establish them in their worship , and we need as necessary helps for religion as euer they needed , the same remaineth with vs. Now , if the Sabbath were but a signe of spirituall rest ( as some haue phantasticallie thought ) and not rather an holie schoole , to teach vs the worship of God , we would graunt it ceremoniall : but sceing this is according to the first institution , and that ceremony but in time , and for a time , was added vnto it , though we haue not their day , yet we haue a resting day , as though we haue not their seales , yet wee haue seales , and though the accessarie bee gone and ended with them , yet the principall continueth to vs , and remaineth after them . Wherefore wee conclude this first reason , that as the Sabbath is morall , we must keepe it in truth , though in weaknes , knowing that the rigour of the Law being gone with the curse and ceremonie , we haue a promise to haue our weaknes and defects heerein forgiuen vs in Christ , as we haue in all other things . Now let vs come to the second reason , drawne ( as wee haue shewed ) from the equitie of the law , and contained in these words : Sixe dayes shalt thou labour , and doe all thy worke : but the seuenth day , &c. This appeareth to be no hard law , nor burthensome , but easie , and such a one as all may yeeld vnto it . For seeing the Lord hath giuen vs six daies for our calling , then let vs not thinke it strange or straight , that he hath reserued and taken vp the seuenth day to himselfe : who , if hee had cōmanded one day to worke , and another to be bestowed in his worship , for the glorious profession of his Name , might iustly haue challenged it . This reason then is such , that for iustice and equitie cannot bu● prouoke our obedience , and more forcibly chargeth vs , if we be disobedient . This kind of argument is vsuall in the booke of God , as Genes ▪ 3. 2. 3. where our mother Euah frameth this reason to the Serpent very well , had she stood to it : Wee eate of the fruite of the trees of the garden : but of the fruite of the tree which is in the middest of the garden , God hath said , Ye shall not eate of it , &c. Wherein , as she commendeth the mercie of God in giuing them so largely the vse of all the trees , excepted onely one : so from the law of equitie she exaggerateth their sinne , if hauing so boun●●full an vse of many trees lawfull , they should eate of the one tree that was forbidden . The same reason alleageth Ioseph , to restraine his Mistresse of her lewd and loth some purpose , Genes 39. 8 9. Behold ( saith he ) my Maister knoweth not what he hath in the house with m● but hath committed all that he hath to mine hand , there is no man greater in his house then I : ●●●ther hath hee kept any thing in his house , but onely thee , because thou art his wise : how then can I d● this great wickednes ▪ & c ? In which place , as he on the one side commendeth his Masters liberalitie● : so on the other side he sheweth , how his sinne should euen by the rule of iustice be more ●ainous and horrible , if not contenting himselfe with his Maisters curtesie , hee should intrude himselfe into his owne possession . Againe , from hence Iob reproueth his wife , and sheweth her blasphemie , Iob. 5. 10. Thou speakest ( said Iob ) like a foolish woman : what ? shall wee receiue good at the hand of God , and not receiue euill ? Thus by the square of righteousnes the man of God proueth her offence to be the greater , in that hauing receiued so manie blessings , shee could not away once to taste of the crosse , Out of the mouthes of these two or three witnesses we may gather , how hainous an euill it is , that not contenting out selues with the large measure of sixe dayes trauaile ; we should be so bolde , as to inuade the Lord his seuenth day reserued for himselfe . Thus wee see how the Lord granteth vs sixe dayes for our bodies , and the seuenth day for our soules : not that we must thinke , that other dayes are to be separated from this vse , but that this day must be wholly seuered from other for that vse . For , if it were possible , or could be conueniēt , either in respect of our calling , or the places where we dwell , twice to meete euery weeke day , as it is yet vsed in some places , though more of custome and fashion , then in faith and of conscience in most of those places , it were nothing but equall . For looke what proportion is from sixe daies to the seuenth , the same may be gathered from nine , or rather twelue houres to the tenth : whereby the tithe at the least may be affoorded for the Lord ▪ And herein is the onely difference betweene the sixe daies and the seuenth , that the worship of God must in the sixe daies be vsed at such seasons , as in wisedome are so separated and diuided to that end , without any hinderance of our lawfull and necessarie callings , as it doth not take vp the principall , but shrede● and ouerplus of our vocation : but on the seuenth day we must make such a separation from other daies , that what we did but in part , in the weeke , or working daies , we may doe in whole on the seuenth and Sabbath day . True it is , that this equitie of twice meeting euery day , is more conuenient for Cities and populous townes , where many dwell together , than in other places and situations , which for distance of place haue not the congregation so dwelling together . Heere our common distinction of calling the weeke daies working daies , and the Sabbath daies holy daies , taketh away their friuolous assertion , who thinke that euery day should be our Sabbath day , as though we should confound and shuffle together our working daies and resting daies . Now if the permission of the sixe daies appertaine to vs , is not the sanctifying of the Sabbath day also cōmanded to vs ? And if those things be permitted vs , which cōcerne our calling ; are not much more those things commāded , which respect our sanctification ? Wherfore if any say , the commandement is ceremoniall , may not the same say the permission is ceremoniall ? For who so affirmeth the one , may affirme the other : but both falsely . If we should admit these daies were to be restrained in some respects , and for some speciall causes , we affirm this restraining must be for a time , but not continuall : & that when the reasons of the exceptions should cease , then the exceptions themselues should cease also . But some will say : what will you not allow some day of rest for humbling & fasting , or allowing some daies for humbling , will you not allow one also for thanksgiuing & reioycing ? To this I answere , that concerning fasting when there is a speciall need of a day appointed , this is no commandement of man , or of the Church , but of God himselfe , who as he hath laid vpon vs the neede of the remedie : so hath he also commanded vs to vse the remedie . And as for the day of reioycing , I thinke it may be put on the Sabbath , which we make our daies of thanksgiuing . For as the Iewes vsed the Sabbath as a day to remēber with thanksgiuing their creation : so we may vse that day for a thankful remembrance of our redemption , because in it we may meditate of all those benefits , which our Sauiour Christ by his natiuitie , circumcision , passion , resurrection & ascension , hath purchased for vs. But if any man obiect , that this is too niggardly and sparingly , because as God is extraordinarie in mercie , so we should be extraordinarie in thankesgiuing : I graunt that Christian Magistrates may for necessarie occasion , in wisedome of the spirit , alter the times , and appoint some seasons for that purpose : so it be done for a while , and continue not as perpetuall : for in sixe daies , as we taught before , we must chiefely labour in our callings , and bestow some part of time in God his worship : and on the Sabbath day we must chiefely waite on God his worship , and bestow no time on other things , but vpon necessitie , because we are no lesse charged on the Sabbath to worship God , than we are * permitted on the other daies to follow our ordinarie callings . Now let vs proceede to the third reason , taken from the Law-giuer , or author of the commandements . For it thus followeth , Exod. 20 vers . 6. But the seuenth day is the Sabbath of the Lord thy God , &c. This argument we knowe to be vsed seuerely in the three precepts going before . In the first it goeth before the commandement : in the second it commeth after : in the third it is more neerely adioyned . And here it is called the Lords Sabbath : which proueth that therefore it must be wholly spent vpon the Lord. Now were it ceremoniall , then it should followe that there were but nine commandements , seeing , ( Deutr. 4. 13. ) Moses affirmeth , that the couenant which the Lord commaunded his people to doe , were tenne commaundements : where we see , that not the Church , but the word of God setteth downe this computation . And albeit the ceremonies be also the commandements of the Lord , neuerthelesse we must wisely distinguish betweene the one and the other . The commandements were immediately giuen out by the Lord himselfe , the ceremonies were giuen immediately to Moses from the Lord : but mediately from God to his people by the ministerie of Moses . For it is said , Deutero . 5. 22. These words the Lord spake vnto all your multitude in the mount out of the middest of the fire , the clouds , and the darknesse with a great voyce , and added no more thereto In which place the man of God speaketh of the tenne commaundements , which a little before he had repeated , as they were published , generally to all by the Lord himselfe , which therefore are prepetuall to all people , nations and languages , not onely to the Iewes , but also to the Gentiles . The ceremonies , as we know , were not vniuersall , but beginning with the Iewes they ended with them : neither were they perpetuall , but in Christ his comming were abrogated . This difference is yet more plainely set downe , Deutero . 4. 13. 14. Then the Lord declared vnto you his couenant , which he commaunded you to doe , euen the tenne Commaundements , and wrote them vpon two tables of stone . And the Lord commaunded me the same time , that I should teach you ordinances and lawes , which yee should obserue in the land , whither ye goe to possesse it . Where Moses maketh a flat difference of those lawes , which God gaue in his owne person , and them which were giuen by his ministerie . By this word ordinances , which is in this verse , are signified , as some affirme , those lawes , whereby the Iewes did differ from other people . Thus we see how Moses was the minister of the ceremoniall law , which was giuen but vnto some , and lasted but for a season : but the morall law which appertaineth to all men , and is in vertue for euer , the Lord himselfe did giue it forth . Now as we answere the Papists , in defending against them the second precept as morall , and not ceremoniall : so we likewise stand against them in this . For looke what straying and vnstaied mindes were in the Iewes concerning the worship of God , the same also is in vs by nature : and what helpes soeuer they needed therein , either to be put in minde of their creation , or to the viewing of God his workes , or sacrificing to the Lord ; the same are as needfull for vs to helpe vs in our sacrifices : for we neede a perfect rule as well as the Iewes , to preserue vs from idolatrie and heresie . Againe , seeing we haue as great neede of a solemne time for these things , wherein we may giue our selues wholly to hearing , praying , and receiuing of the Sacraments , as they had for their worship : we are subiect to as great distractions of minde in our callings , as they were , and being with them of a finite nature , can no more than they doe infinite things . It is as requisite for vs as for them to haue a lawe , as well for the time , as for the manner of worship : wherein laying aside our ordinarie workes , we should chiefely and principally wholly giue our selues to those exercises of Religion , and duties of loue , which onely in part we did before , and so more freely espie our sinnes past , eschue our sinnes present , and strengthen our selues against the sinnes to come . Wherefore to shut vp this argument , we affirme against the wicked heretikes of our time , that so long as we stand in neede of corporall meanes , as meate , drinke , apparell , and sleepe , for the continuing of our corporall estate : so long we shall also neede the spirituall meanes , as the word , the Sacraments and prayer for the continuing of our soules . And as it is not ceremoniall for these considerations to vse these meanes : so it is morall to haue a time commaunded and obserued , wherein these things should be practised . It remaineth to speake of the fourth & last reason , drawne from the proportion of God his owne example , as may appeare in these words , Exod. 20. 11. For in sixe daies the Lord made the heauen and earth , the sea and all that in them is , and rested the seuenth day : therefore the Lord blessed the Sabbath day and hallowed it . Wherein we haue thus much in effect , as the Lord made the creatures in sixe daies : so wee in sixe should haue a naturall vse of them . And as he sanctified , that is , put a part the seuenth day to his owne worship , and blessed it with a peculiar blessing giuen to his worship appointed : so we also setting this day apart , from the ordinarie workes of our calling , should wholly and onely consecrate it to the worship of God. So that as God made all things in sixe daies : so wee may vse them sixe daies , as Adam did in the garden : and as the Lord rested from his workes of creation , though not from his worke of prouidence and administration , so must we set a part this day , to looke for a speciall blessing and speciall benediction of God his worship , because of his owne promise and institution . Why did the Lord this to our first father ? he beheld the workes of euery day , and blessed euery day ? We must note , that he gaue a speciall blessing aboue the other daies , vnto this day . Now therefore admit that a man should graunt this much to an heretike , that we should be as perfect as Adam in his innocencie : ( which is a manifest heresie ) yet they must graunt , that we stood in need of the word and Sacraments , ( the vse whereof they deny ) seeing Adam had neede of the vse of all these things , being yet without sinne . We therefore oppose thus much vnto them , that so long as they will acknowledge a neede of corporall helpes , by calling for meate , sleepe , apparell : so long their soules stand in need of spirituall meanes , as of the word , Sacraments and prayer , because their soules must as well be preserued , as their bodies nourished . Our first father then had a Sabbath to be put in minde of the Creator , and that without distraction he might the better be put in minde of the glorious kingdome to come , that more freely he might giue himselfe to meditation , and that he might the better glorifie God in sixe daies . As the heretikes then denie the necessitie of the word , prayer and Sacraments : so we looke for a new heauen , and a new earth , and then we hope and acknowledge , that we shall keepe a continuall Sabbath But in the meane time , seeing the Sabbath which we now haue , was before sinne , we , since sinne came into the world , haue much more neede of it , because that which was needfull to continue Adam in innocencie , is also as needfull to recouer vs , and to continue vs in our recouerie . The Lord then hauing sanctified this day , it is not our day , but the Lord his owne day . But some will say : How ? is God better serued on the Sabbath , than on any other day ? I answer , not that we put religon in that day , as it is a day , more than in any other : but that on that day we are freer from distractions , and set at more libertie to the worshipping of God , than we are on the other sixe daies , wherein we are bound to our ordinarie and lawfull calling . Wherefore as we put on holinesse in the creatures of water , bread and wine in the Sacraments ; but acknowledge all inward grace to proceede from God his blessing and institution : so we promise vnto our selues on the Lord his day a greater blessing , not for any thing in the day it selfe , but by reason of God his owne ordinance , and promise of a blessing to the same . And as we denie not a blessing from the Lord on priuate prayer , reading and conference , but acknowledge a greater blessing to be due euen by the Lord his owne promise , to these exercises publike in cōparison of the other : so wee denie not the grace of God to be vpon those houres redeemed from our outward callings , and consecrated to the Lord : but confesse a more speciall blessing from God to belong to that whole day , which the Lord hath taken vp to himselfe alone , and that for his owne promise sake vnto all them , which come with simple hearts to obey his holy commaundement . Now hauing gone through these reasons , which proue the Sabbath day to be morall , and that this commaundement is no lesse to be obserued , than the other nine : before we enter into the exposition of the law it selfe , it shal be cōuenient to meet with such reasons , as some men bring to preludice the trueth of that , which hath beene alreadie spoken : which being done , by God his grace we will come to the other . The reasons against the Sabbath may briefely be reduced into such , as either seeme to be drawne out of the expresse words of the Scriptures : or else by some consequence to be gathered from the Scriptures . The arguments borrowed from the written word , are either out of the olde Testament , or out of the new : they which are contained in the olde , are taken either out of the lawe , or out of the Prophets . Out of the lawe , they make much a doe about that which is written , Exod. 31. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. where the Lord faith this vnto Moses : Speake thou vnto the children of Israel , and say , Notwithstanding keepe ye my Sabbaths : for it is a signe betweene me and you in your generations , that ye may know that I the Lord doe sanctifie you , Ye shall therefore keepe the Sabbath : for it is holy vnto you : he that defileth it , shall die the death : therefore whosoeuer worketh therein , the same person shall be euen cut off from among his people . Sixe daies shall men worke , but in the seuenth day is the Sabbath of the holy rest to the Lord : whosoeuer doth any worke on the Sabbath day , shall die the death . Wherefore the children of Israel shall keepe the Sabbath , that they may obserue the rest throughout their generations for an euerlasting couenant . It is a signe betweene me and the children of Israel for euer : for in sixe daies the Lord made the heauen and the earth , and in the seuenth day hee ceased and rested . Out of these words they snatch these three reasons . First they triumph before the conquest , and say , it is manifest that it is a signe : and therefore as they please to conclude , it is a figure . True it is , that it is here called a signe , vers . 13. as also Ezech. 20. 12 ▪ it is plaine : howbeit this is no good reason , that seeing the Sabbath is a signe , therefore it is a figure or shadowe . For although euery figure and shadowe be a signe ; yet euery signe is not a figure or shadow . A figure foresheweth a trueth afterwards to be reuealed : a shadow betokeneth a bodie hereafter to be exhibited : but a signe as it doth sometimes signifie a thing afterwards to be looked for ; so it doth sometimes assure vs of a thing alreadie performed . The figure ceaseth when the trueth commeth : there is no vse of the shadow when the body is present : but the signe and the thing signified may be ioyned together , and both of them serue for a present vse . Againe , they gather out of the 16. verse of the chapter , which we haue in hand , where it is said , The children of Israel shall keepe the Sabbath , that they may obserue the rest through their generations for an euerlasting couenant : that because the Sabbath of God is his couenant for euer , that is , vntill Christ , it is ceremoniall . True it is , that the lawe admitteth this phrase of speech sundrie times , to say for euer , that is , vntill Christ , in whom al things , are fulfilled . But we must obserue this general rule as our guide , when we will know what figures and ceremonies end in Christ , and what morall precepts belong vnto vs. When a thing is vrged to the Iewes : and hath a peculiar reason made properly to the Iewe , and appertaineth nothing to the Christian ; then as it begunne with the Iewes , as they were Iewes , it ceased with the Iewes : but when the reason of the thing vrged is not peculiar to the Iewes , but also belongeth to the Christians ; then the thing commanded is not proper to the Iew , but common to the Iew and Gentile . Wherefore let vs square out the reason by the line of this generall rule . It is here added , v. 17. For in six daies the Lord made the heauen and the earth , and in the seuenth day he ceased and rested . Where , if it had beene said , they shall obserue the rest for an euerlasting couenant , because they were brought out of Egypt , I would haue graunted it to haue beene peculiar to the Iewes : but seeing this is the reason , the Lord rested , which is ▪ common , not to the posteritie of Abraham alone , but to the whole posteritie of Adam , the commaundement must be granted generall both to Iew and Gentile . For it is a common instruction to all men in all ages to labour six daies , wherein the Lord made the heauen and the earth , and to cease from labour the seuenth day , because in it the Lord rested . The plaine sense then of this place is briefly this , as if the Lord should say : I made this law in the beginning of the world , and it shall last to the end of the world : I made it to Adam the father of all generations , and it shall endure to the last of all his posteritie from generation to generation : I made this law to ease my selfe after my great paines taken in the creating of the world in sixe daies , and you shall keepe it to ease your mindes , which are fraught with many distractions , by reason of your ordinarie callings in those daies . Neither would I haue any to thinke , that the Lord had neede of any refreshing , who being infinite , cannot be subiect to distractions or wearines : but we must know , that where the Lord is said , that he refreshed himselfe , by taking view of his creatures , he commendeth his loue to vs ward , in shewing rather what ought to be in vs , than what was in him . For such alacritie and diligence should we vse in our callings , as we should be glad when the Lords day commeth , that in it we shall recouer our selues , and ease our mindes of those distractions , which burthen vs in our outward calling , and so refresh our selues with spirituall pleasures in the pure worship of God , and thankefull beholding of his workes . We see how these reasons make rather flatly with vs , than against vs. And thus much for their proofes out of the prescript words of the lawe : now let vs consider what they alleage out of the Prophets . Their reasons out of the Prophets be taken either out of Esay , or out of Ezechiel . Out of Esay they vse these places , Esai . 56. 1. 2. and 58. 13. 14. and 66. 13. The wordes of the Prophet , chap. 56. vers . 1. 2 are these : Thus saith the Lord , keepe iudgement and doe iustice : for my saluation is at hand to come , and my righteousnesse is to be reuealed . Blessed is the man that doth this , and the sonne of man which laieth hold on it : he that keepeth the Sabbath , and polluteth it not , and keepeth his hand from doing any euill . See , say they , here is the Sabbath commended as a resting from sinne . I denie it not , but our controuersie is about the ground of the Sabbath . For why doth the Lord so call on his people by the Prophets for keeping the Sabbath , and crieth so much against the breach of the same , but because it was the especiall meanes of God his worship and their saluation : which being contemned , they contemned God his worship , and their owne welfare ? And because in this horrible contempt of the holie schoole of the Lord , where they should haue learned both their religion towards God , and duties to their brethren , they gaue a manifest token of carelesnesse in them both , they are worthily threatned by the Prophet . And concerning the pure interpretation of this place , by keeping the Sabbath , is meant the obseruation of the first table ; by keeping their hands from doing any euill , is vnderstood the obedience of the second table : so that the thing in this place chiefly vrged , is this , that they should keepe the Sabbath , which might nourish them in the worship of God , and in duties to their brethren . But , say they , the Sabbath is here ioyned with ceremonies , as may appeare in the verses following : therefore it is a ceremonie . This is no sound argument . For in the law is set downe the morall law , which teacheth the common duties of all Gods people , wherein be also the ceremonies , which describe the duties peculiar to the Iewes : whereupon we must not conclude , that therefore the morall law is ceremoniall . Againe , these ceremonies containe not only certaine truths of spirituall things , which should be accomplished in Christ , but also of other meanes which should succeed in their places . True it is , that if they had onely contained truths of spirituall things in Christ , it had beene somewhat , that they affirme : but seeing they haue also in them such meanes , which though not in the same manner , yet more effectually are afterward to be vsed , the reason is not good . Wherefore we reason against them thus : that , albeit we haue not the manner of their sacrifices , yet we haue our sacrifices and meanes of Gods worship succeeding them . For though we haue not , as they had , Priests to offer for vs , and such slaine sacrifices as the Priests did offer for them : yet we haue the Ministers of the word of God , which cut vp mens consciences , by whom the secrets of mens hearts are made manifest : 1. Cor. 14. 25. By the preaching of the Gospell and word of God : which being mightie in operation , and sharper than a two edged sword , entreth thorough , euen to the diuiding asunder of the soule and spirit , and of the ioynts and the marrow , and is a discerner of the thoughts , and intents of the hearts . Heb. 4. vers . 12. And whereby Christ is as it were freshly crucified vnto vs , and that by so much the more profitably , than if we were present at the thing it selfe , as beside the describing of the manner thereof , the fruite of it is more effectually preached . And certainely we may affirme , that then the dumbe sacrifices of the blinde Papists came in , when this glorious sacrifice of preaching ceased . And where the word is administred in any power and sinceritie , there doubtlesse the preaching of the law striketh vs , and the preaching of the Gospell bringeth vs to Christ. Herein is the difference betweene the Iewes and vs , that they in all their Sacraments and sacrifices represented Christ , that was to come , and shewed that their sinnes in him should be taken away , being yet to come : we manifestly in our sacrifices witnesse , that he is alreadie come , and that our sinnes in his death are fully pardoned . Besides , to those forenamed sacrifices we haue the sacrifices of prayer , and thanksgiuing : whereof the Prophet speaketh , Psalme . 141. 2. Let my prayer be directed in thy sight as incense , and the lifting vp of mine hands as an euening sacrifice . As also Psalme 119. part . 14. vers . 108. O Lord , I beseech , thee accept the free offerings of my mouth , and teach me thy iudgements . Of these sacrifices is mention , Malac. 1. Hose . 14. 2. Mat. 24. Ioh. Heb. 13. 15. Now in that it followeth , Esai . 56. 7. that the Lord will bring them to his house of prayer : I grant , in that they had but one house of prayer , which represented to them the Church to be one , it was ceremoniall : yet I also confesse , that in the same was this common truth , that it should be a meane to worship God. Wherefore in this place the Lord commaundeth and commendeth holie assemblies euen to vs , to whom they be as needfull as to the Iewes . For though it be not now necessarie , nor required , that wee should goe vp to Ierusalem to worship after the manner of the Iewes : yet besides our priuate houses , wherein we may worship the Lord , we haue neede of one publike and common place to meete in : whereunto the Lord in his Gospel hath made this promise , that where two or three shall be gathered in his name , he will be in the middest of them . This also is commended vnto vs by the example of the holy Apostles , who mette together , and besides their seuerall houses it is said , Acts. 2. 46. They continued with one accord in the Temple : so that they had one place , where the Word , the Sacraments , Prayer , &c were vsed . And though we now haue not the same offerings , places , and sacrifices which the Iewes had ; yet we haue these things more effectually than they : and though we haue not their Sabbath , yet we haue a Sabbath . The words , Esay . 58. 13. be these : If thou turne away thy foote from the Sabbath , from doing thy will on mine holy day , and call the Sabbath a delight , to consecrate is , as glorious to the Lord , and shalt honour him , not doing thine owne waies , nor seeking thine owne will , nor speaking a vaine word : 14. Then shalt thou delight in the Lord , and I will cause thee to mount vpon the high places of the earth . &c. This is spoken to the present estate of the Iewes , as then they were , and not properly to the Gentiles , but as they may see their estate in the Iewes , in which respect it may be profitablie applied to the Gentiles , but euident it is , that here properly it was spoken to the Iewes . For in this place the Prophet sharply reprehendeth them , because they kept not their fastings and holy daies aright . Howbeit , they did not sticke to complaine among themselues , that they had fasted , that they humbled themselues , and vsed all the meanes which their fathers before them had done : but all in vaine , in that they felt not the like effects , which their fathers did . Wherefore the Lord by his Prophet answereth them in this sort : True it is , that yee fast indeed , but therewithall yee lie and liue still in your sinnes : yee fast , but without repentance : and so farre are yee from true forsaking of your sinnes , that on your fasting daies , howsoeuer like hypocrites ye vse the outward action , ye exercise crueltie , oppression , debate and strife : and doe ye looke , that this holy hypocrisie should be acceptable vnto me ? No : If ye will please me with your fasting , repent ye of your sinnes , shew foorth your sorrow by the fruits of loue , in exercising the works of mercie and compassion : which things when I shall behold in you with an vpright heart then I will accept your offering , and be pleased with your fasting . Againe , doe not thinke , that I will looke vpon your holidaies , so long as ye vse them but vpon custome & in hypocrisie , making them vnprofitable for my worship , and your saluation and repentance , vntill such time as ye endeuour a better and more holie vse of them , both concerning the pure honouring of my name , and the furthering of your owne saluation . Behold here ( say they ) the Sabbath is abrogated , than which they can affirme nothing more contrarie out of this place . For here is no abrogating of the Sabbath , but an establishing of the true celebrating of the Sabbath , with a sharpe reprehending of their corrupt and present estate . And as he speaketh against their corrupt Sabbath , so he taxeth them for their hypocritical fasting : so that if they will haue the Sabbath to be abrogated , much more must they driue fasting out of the doores of the Church , against which he is most earnest , and telling them that their fasts are not in truth , the Lord sheweth them , with what fasting he is pleased . Againe , say they , see , here it is manifest , that to cease from sinne in our Sabbath , which we must keepe . I answere , it is the fruite of the Sabbath , which we must keepe : and therefore , because where the meanes are vsed without any effect or fruite , there the meanes are nothing , the Lord rather vrgeth them to the effects and keeping of the Sabbath with fruite , then disanulleth the Sabbath . And it is vsuall in the word of God , to vse the effect for the cause , and the fruite for the meanes , as we may see Iam. 1. 27. Pure religion and vndefiled before God , euen the Father is this , to visit the fatherlesse and widowes in their aduersitie , and to keepe himselfe vnspotted of the world . Which briefely is , as if the Apostle should say , this is the effect of true religion , when faith doth purely shew it selfe in the workes of loue . Againe , Ioh 6. 47. 48. He that beleeueth in me , hath euerlasting life : I am the bread of life . Where our Sauiour Christ sheweth , that the effect of faith is the eating of Christ his flesh , and drinking of his blood . So that , to vse the meanes without the effect is hypocrisie : as also to looke for the effect without vsing of the meanes , is foolish presumption . Wherfore we affirme , & that from the mouth of the Lord by his holy Prophet , that to rest in fasting and in the Sabbath , an outward meane is of no value , being separated from good workes , the issue and the effect of the same , that if we would , God should be mercifull to vs , we should also shew our selues mercifull to others . So then the Lord taketh not here away the one , but sheweth the one to be fruitlesse without the other , and is so farre from taking away the Sabbath , that rather he goeth about to informe them in the true vse of the Sabbath . The meaning therefore of the Prophet his word , is this : If thou wilt not rest in the bare ceremonie of thy holie daies , but wilt do thy holy seruice to me , and duties of loue to thy brethren : then shalt thou shew thy selfe to take true pleasure in God and his worship . Where we must learne so to delight our selues with the meanes of our saluation , that seeing we can but i●part giue our selues vnto them in the weeke daies , we should greatly reioyce when the Sabbath day commeth , contrary to the practise of the people ●● Amos his time , who would say , Amos 8. 5. When will the new moneth be gone , that we may ●●●● corne ? and the Sabbath that we may let forth wheate , and make the Ephah small , and the shek●● great , and falsifie the weights by d●●●it ? Wherefore we conclude , that here is not the abrogating , but the pure celebrating of the Sabbath , which appeareth by effect , when it draweth vs neerer to God , and causeth vs to take greater pleasure in his waies . There remaineth that , which is Esai . 66. 23. And from moneth to moneth , and from Sabbath to Sabbath shall all flesh come to worship before me saith the Lord Where it is said , from Sabbath to Sabbath , behold ( say they ) here is set downe a continuall Sabbath to be obserued euery day in the kingdome of Christ , and therefore there ought not to be one prescript day onely in the whole weeke . But the reason is most weake , and containeth a manifest absurditie . For if euery day should be a Sabbath , and we in the Sabbath are commaunded to doe no manner of worke ; when should we trauell in our ordinarie callings , whereunto the Lord himselfe hath permitted vs sixe daies ? Thus we see the sixe daies of our ordinarie callings should be pulled away If they say , that a man may follow his calling , and yet worship God sufficiently , and as becommeth the holy Sabbath , then they must graunt , that we may doe our ordinary workes on the Sabbath , as also they suspect the Lord of want of wisedome . But if we should looke narrowly into these mens liues , we should finde , that whilest they crie out to keepe euery day a Sabbath , they in trueth in the meane time obserue no Sabbath at all . Besides , in that there needeth one particular day wholy to be giuen to the Lord , it is certaine , that the dearest children of God , who vpon the other daies redeeme time to Gods worship , earnestly desire this . Now concerning the place it selfe , which they seeme much to misconstrue , we must vnderstand two things . First , it is not simply to be taken , but in the way of comparison : secondly , it is meant of the kingdome of glorie , and of the second comming of Christ. In the way of comparison it is vnderstood thus : that the people of God should not content themselues to worship him on the Sabbath onely , but also in the other sixe daies it should be lawfull for them to haue holy assemblies and Christian meetings : which though they now should doe but in part , by reason of their ordinarie calling , hereafter they should doe it both continually and perfectly in the kingdome of heauen . Which thing was performed euen of the Apostles , who , although they obserued one solemne day , yet had they their godly assemblies for holy exercises on other daies also . True it is , that the Family of loue pretends a shew of the kingdome of God in this life by rising from sinne , saying , that we here sit in heauenly places . But the scriptures in this case speake of the begining , not of the consummation of God his children in glorie . For in this life we possesse but in hope that , which perfectly we shall enioy . We be here admitted but into the entrie of this kingdome , we here take vp our hold , we receiue our deedes , our lease and euidence are giuen vs in this world to assure vs , that hereafter we shal haue the full fruition & perfect possession . Wherefore another Prophet saith , Ierem. 31. 33. 34. This shall be the couenant that I shall make with the house of Israel . After those daies , saith the Lord , I will put my law in their inward parts , &c. 34. And they shall teach no more euery man his neighbour and euery man his brother , saying , I know the Lord : for they shall all know me from the least of them to the greatest , saith the Lord. Where we may see , that though the full accomplishment of our glorie and knowledge is in heauen : yet true it is , that here it is begun , and shall be finished hereafter , when we shall perfectly know God , whom now we know but in part , and as it were in a mirrour . For euery one , as it is Hebr. 5. 12. concerning these times , should be able through God his spirit to teach others according to that calling , wherein the Lord hath placed him . And as that place reacheth not , that all should be Doctors , but that there should be knowledge in all , though in greater measure in some : so our Prophet meaneth not , that euery day should be a Sabbath , but that Christians in euery day of the weeke should prouide for the worship of God in some measure , though more fully and more solemnely on the Sabbath . So we see the force of this to be in the way of a comparison , that Christians should not satisfie themselues concerning the worship of God with the Sabbath : but that also , as their calling would permit , they should worship from Sabbath to Sabbath . As for the second answere : to proue against the maintainers of a continuall Sabbath , that this place is meant of the Church triumphant , and not of the Church militant , it shall easily appeare , if we consider diligently what goeth before , & what commeth after : which rule is worthilie to be followed in sifting out the true sense of the places in the Scriptures . Now in the verse going before , mention is made of the new heauens , and the new earth : whereby he meaneth not the first appearing of Christ in humilitie , but his second comming in glorie , as may appeare , 2. Pet. 3. 13. where the Apostle repeateth the same words , saying , We looke for new he●uens , and a new earth , according to his promise , wherein dwelleth righteousnesse : Surely if the Prophet had meant this to haue beene in Christ his comming in the flesh , it is most like it should haue beene in the flourishing estate of the Church and glorious times of the Apostles : but that it was not so , it is manifest by the Apostle his owne words , We looke for new heauens , &c. In the verse following , the Prophet speaketh of the worme that shall not die , and of the fire that shall not be quenched : which vndoubtedly is vnderstood of the hels , whereinto the wicked shall be cast at the last iudgement day , as may be gathered by our Sauiour Christ his words , Mark. 9. 43. 44. where he maketh mention of hell , Where the worme dyeth not , and the fire neuer goeth out . Wherefore by the premises and sequele , we conclude with the learned , that the Sabbath here mentioned , must be kept in the kingdome of heauen . And therefore their continuall Sabbath , which they should haue in this life , is a deuise of their owne braine , and not gathered out of this place . And thus much of the reasons , which seemed to proue the Sabbath ceremoniall , taken out of the prescript words of the olde Testament . As for that which we alleadged out of Ezechiel chap. 20. it is alreadie answered sufficiently in confuting their first reason , which was drawne out of Exod. 32. Now it remaineth in like manner to consider of their arguments , which they take out of the new Testament , and that either out of the historie of Christ , or from the writings of his holy Apostles . And because the foure Euangelists agree in one harmonie , we will briefly reduce all their reasons into one or two principall places , namely , Matth. 12. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Marke 2. 27. In Matth. 12. it is said : At that time Iesus went on a Sabbath day through the corne , and his Disciples were hungry , and began to plucke the eare of corne and to eate . 2. And when the Pharisies saw it , they said vnto him , Behold thy disciples do that which is not lawfull to do vpon the Sabbath . 3. But he said vnto them ; Haue ye not heard what Dauid did when he was an hungred , and they that were with him ? 4. How he entred into the house of God and eate the shewe bread , which was not lawfull for him to eate , neither for them which were with him , but onely for the Priests ? 5. Or haue yee not read in the Law , how that on the Sabbath dayes , the Priests in the Temple brake the Sabbath and are blamelesse ? 6. But I say vnto you , that here is one greater than the Temple . 7. Wherefore if yee knew what this is , I will haue mercie , and not sacrifice , ye would not haue condemned the innocents . 8. For the sonne of man is Lord , euen of the Sabbath . The occasion of this doctrine of Christ is , that he going abroad to preach with his Disciples , they for hūger pulled the eares of corne . Hereof arose by the Pharises this Controuersie , who accused the Disciples for trauelling on the Sabbath day , as though they had done a worke on the Sabbath , which was not lawfull to de done , because the Law said , that no man should trauaile on that day . Our Sauiour Christ hearing this accusation , defendeth his Disciples : whereof some conclude , that our Sauiour here abrogated the Sabbath . But what could they haue forged more vntrue ? For if , as they say , he now had abrogated the Sabbath , then our Sauior Christ did not obey euery part of the ceremonies vnto death : which to affirme , let them tell the danger of it . Nay rather according to the iudgement of the better learned we affirme , that Christ is so farre off from speaking against the Sabbath in this place , that hee setteth downe the pure obseruation of the same against them , who peruersely and vntruely did iudge of it . And here we see the Pharisees deale very cunningly with them , For they might as well haue accused the Disciples of theft , as of breaking the Sabbath , had they not knowne , that as the Lawe permitted a man to goe into the vine-yard for to gather grapes , so hee caried no clusters away : So they , to satisfie their hunger , might presently eate of the eares of corne , carying none away with them . Howbeit , they could not see , that this their trauell was not like their ordinarie trauelling on the other dayes , and that it was agreeable to the Sabbath , the Lawe permitting a Sabbath dayes iourney . This some ( curiously ) haue defined to bee the space of a mile , some two , ●ome three miles : vnto whom as I doe not denie the libertie of their iudgement , so I thinke it to consist of that distance , as a man may conueniently trauell for some holy purpose , without anie hinderance of the ordinarie exercise of that day , and without wearisomnes either to bodie or minde , whereby he should be the vnfitter for the Lords worship , or his duties . And therefore they that dwelt but so farre from Ierusalem , that they might o● that day conueniently goe to the Sacrifices , and returne home without any of the former hinderances , made a Sabbath daies iourney . And now in our times a man may lawfully go so farre for the more comfortable or holie vse of the day in hearing : so that neither his bodie be ouerwearied , nor any due time of hearing be pretermitted , and that without preiudice or breach of the Lords day . Wherefore seeing our Sauiour CHRIST and his disciples trauelled to so holie an ende , and no further then by a Sabbath dayes iourney was lawfull , the end of the iourney , which ought to measure this and like actions , proueth , that herein there was no breach of the Sabbath . Neither is it likely that the Pharisees reproued and controlled the Disciples for trauelling , seeing euen they themselues with them were companions in the iourney , but rather they did it for their plucking the eares of corne : whereby they shewed , that the ceremonie of resting was not the chiefe thing in the Sabbath , ( as now a dayes some doe thinke it ) but rather ▪ because they made prouision for their bodies , contrarie ( as they imagined ) to Exod. 16. 24 ▪ Well , it is most probable , that the Disciples beeing gone farre from the place , from whence they did set out , ( because if they had then fainted , they would there haue recreated themselues ) and farre distant from ani● place where they might eate , ( for if they had bene neere any place , they might rather haue refreshed themselues with other things then with corne ) they through fainting & for want of other necessaries , were constrained to satisfie their present necessitie with these things , which if they had not done , they shuld not haue been able to persist in their calling , which was agreeable to the Sabbath : the workes whereof did neuer restraine from eating , which notwithstanding they might as iustly haue reprehended in the Disciples , as their plucking the eares of corne . The arguments whereby CHRIST doth answere them , may briefly be referred to fiue heads . The first is set downe in these words , vers . 3. Haue yee not heard what Dauid did , when he was an hungred , and they that were with him ? 4. How hee entred into the house of God , & ate the shewe-bread , which was not lawfull for him to eate , neither for them which were with him , but only for the Priests ? Behold he speaketh here of the ceremonie of shew-bread , which was broken for the preseruation of mens liues : whereby hee sheweth , that Ceremonies , as a thing of lesse importance , must giue place for lifes sake . So that this is spoken of the end , because the thing which is forbidden for a common end , is not brokē for a particular vse . Wherefore Dauid and his companie did eate the shewe-bread to serue their necessitie , and that without breach of the Law , how much more may my Disciples eate the eares of corne , to enable them the more to attend vpon the ordināce of God ? It is a rule in the ciuill law , that it is against ciuilitie too greedily to hunt after the syllables of their Maximes , and too carelesly to neglect and permit the true sense of the Law. In which thing our Sauiour trappeth the Pharisees , who were too seuere censurers of the letter , and too seuere obseruers of the matter of the Law. Our Sauiour therefore in effect meaneth thus much , that as it was not lawfull to eate the shew bread vsually or ordinarily , and yet to eate it vpon necessitie it was not vnlawfull : so vsually to gather corne on the Sabbath , euen in time of Haruest , it was not lawfull ; and yet extraordinarilie , and vpon necessitie to gather it was not vnlawfull on the Sabbath , which permitted the works of necessitie , whereby men might bee the better enabled , and the lesse hindered to doe the workes of that day . And for this cause , seeing the Disciples without this helpe should haue beene vnfitter either to haue preached to others , or heard our Sauiour , and by it were enabled the more to either of these things : it is euident , that they were so farre off from breaking the Sabbath in so doing , that rather they should haue broken it in not so doing . So that Christ doth onely not abrogate the Sabbath in this place , but also reprehending the Pharisies for their misconstruing of the Lawe , and too strickt taking it , without due consideration of the ende thereof : he setteth downe a more pure obseruation of the same . The second reason , which is drawne from the Lawe it selfe , and from the Priests owne practise , may bee gathered out of the fift and sixt verses : Haue yee not read in the Lawe , how that on the Sabbath dayes the Priests in the Temple brake the Sabbath , and are blamelesse ? 6. But I say vnto you heere is one greater then the Temple . As if hee should haue saide , Verilie yee misconstrue the Sabbath ; yee must better consider , what kinde of works the Sabbath forbiddeth , to wit , the workes of mens ordinarie callings , not beeing fitte for the dignitie of the Sabbath , and nothing tending to the worship of God : but if they beseeme the dignitie of that day , and are done for God his holy worship , they are not vnlawfull . Aduise your selues ( I pray you ) doe not euen your owne Priests on the Sabbath-day slay their beasts to sacrifice ? Doe they not circumcise on that day ? And doe yee not carie your children to the Temple to be circumcised , which are workes both in respect of your Priests and you ; and yet in that in these things yee are made the fitter to serue God in his worshippe , yee thinke them not vnlawfull ? Likewise knowe , that this plucking of the eares of corne in my Disciples , is no worke of their ordinarie callings , but to make them more able for the worship of God. In that hee nameth the Priests , he sheweth that he rather speaketh against the persons , than against the cause , and strangleth them in their owne argument . For the answer in effect is this : If my Disciples prophane the Sabbath , then did your own Priests the same . Vnder this we may couch the answer of our Sauiour Christ to the Iewes , who accused him for healing of the sicke man on the Sabbath day , Ioh. 5. 17. My Father worketh hetherto , and I worke : that is , as my Father ceased from the workes of Creation , yet he ceased not from doing good on the Sabbath : so though I and my Disciples haue ceased from our ordinarie callings , yet cease wee not after the Father his owne example , to doe the workes of mercie on the Sabbath . For the works of God his prouidence are to be done euery day . Seeing he then vouchsafeth to put vs in his stead to doe good things , wee may lawfully doe them , though with some bodily labour , as wee may on that day resort to the imprisoned , visite the sicke , relieue the needie , reconcile the vncharitable , and admonish the vnrulie ; And why ? wee seeke not heerein our owne profite , but the profite of our brethren : wee desire not our owne glorie , but the glorie of God. In which cases wee are not forbidden , but commaunded to doe good on the Sabbath . If wee looke narrowly into the historie of our Sauiour CHRIST , we shall see it was most vsual vnto him to heale the sicke , to restore sight to the blinde , to open the mouthes of the dumbe , and to frequent like exercises on the Sabbath day . And for what cause ? Because on other dayes men following their ordinarie callings , could not so well followe him : but on the Sabbath day , their other busines set apart , they attended on him willingly , and resorted together : so that , if he had done these things on the other daies , he should haue hindred the ordinary callings of men , by the concourse of people : or else he should haue done them to the lesse glorie to God ; if no companie nor concourse had bene made . Wherefore as both the people on that day were fittest to come to Christ : so Christ was then most ready , when his works also might most make for Gods glorie . Besides , hee did then these things rather , that ▪ hee might weane the Iewes from their superstitious opinion of the Sabbath , and bring in the pure vse thereof , in exercising the works of loue . Now , if the outward rest of the day had been the chiefest thing therin , as the Pharisees then dreamed , and many now a daies haue thought : then how would Christ haue done these things , who was to doe and fulfill all things commanded in the morall Law , & left nothing vndone in any one jote of the ceremoniall Law , vntill the vaile of the Temple of his bodie was rent ? Thus wee see how the chiefe ende was morall , and not ceremoniall : and as it is morall giuen to all men to further them in the means of their saluation , it is as needfull for vs , as for the Iewes . Againe , Christ was asked of no one question more than of the Sabbath , and in all his answeres he rather inueigheth against the peruerting , thē intendeth the abrogating of the Sabbath . In like manner , he meaneth nothing lesse then the abrogating of the day in his Apologie against the Pharisees ▪ but rather laieth open their folly in prouing to their faces , that they cauill too much for the peruerting of the Sabbath , seeing they are driuen to reprehend that in others , which they themselues doe . The reason of his defence insinua●eth thus much : If yee thinke it an holie dutie to cut the flesh of children on the Sabbath , because it is done in your Temple , which otherwise might seeme a spice of murther and crueltie : Againe , if yee thinke the Temple commands the worke of slaying your beasts for sacrifice , which being done in the market-place were too butcherlike ; then I giue you to vnderstand , that my disciples doe nothing vnbeseeming the Sabbath , so long as I am present with them , who am greater then the Temple . The third reason is contained in the seuenth verse : If ye know what this is , I will haue mercie & not sacrifice , yee would not haue condemned the innocents Here our Sauiour Christ , as before he had defended his Disciples by testimonies out of the Law : so now excuseth them by the witnes of the Prophets , and ●iteth a place out of Hosea . chap. 6. 6. as if he should say : What workes doth the Sabbath forbid ? are they not the workes of our ordinarie calling ? What workes doth the Sabbath commaund ? To sacrifice onely ? No : but to doe the workes of mercie also , which is the ende of all our sacrifices . Why then seeing the law doth not forbid the duties of loue to be done , will yee denie this worke of mercie to my Disciples , that when they fainte , they might not be refreshed ? That this place of the Prophet is thus to be construed , that the Lord will not haue sacrifice alone , but mercie withall , wee may proue it by other places of the scriptures , as 1. Cor. 1 17. Christ sent me not to baptize , but to preach the Gospell : where the Apostle meaneth , that he was not chiefly and onely sent to baptize , but to preach also . So that the place is to be vnderstood in the way of comparison , that when one of the things cannot be conueniently done without the other be vndone ; then mercie , which is better than sacrifice , must be preferred , as being the issue whither Sacrifice is referred . And in this respect , though simply in themselues considered , and in respect of the persons to whom they are performed ; the first table of the Law , and the duties thereof are to be preferred before the second table , and the duties thereof : yet in comparison , when one of these must of necessitie be left vndone , because both cannot bee done together : seeing the Lord most alloweth of our obedience , when testimonie thereof is witnessed by practise to his Saints , and in the exercises of loue , we performe that in trueth , which otherwise wee labour for but by meanes , the Lorde desireth mercie , and not Sacrifice , and the knowledge of his will more then burnt offerings . So that heerein the Disciples doe not onely not breake , but keepe the Sabbath . This argument Christ vseth , Mark. 3. 4. where hee being reproued , because on the Sabbath day hee healed the man that had a withered hand , said to his accusers , Is it lawfull to doe a good deede on the Sabbath day , or to doe euill ? to saue the life , or to kill ? As also Luke where hee on this manner answered the Pharisees , who watched him whilest he healed the man which had the dropsie : 5. Which of you shall haue an Asse , or an Oxe fallen into a pit , and will not straightway pull him out on the Sabbath day ? As if he should say , why doe yee watch to take me in this thing ? Will ye permit the works of mercie to be done to beasts , and will ye denie them to be done to men ? Why ? will yee helpe your beasts being in perill , and may not I helpe this man being in such danger ? How beit we must here note , that our Sauiour CHRIST in shewing how in this law is humanitie to creatures , giueth ●o jot of libertie to worldly men , who vnder pretence of this obedience , seeke rather their owne priuate gaine in rescuing from perils the creatures , then the glory of Almightie God , which may redound to him by the more cheerfull & comfortable seruice of the creature being thus redeemed . Now , if any shall here further inquire , whether in seeding time , or the haruest season , when the times before haue been and still are like to be vnseasonable and vntemperate , they may somewhat on the Sabbath giue themselues to sowing , or gathering of their corne : I answere , No. For it is by speciall words expressely forbidden , Exod. 34. 21. Sixe daies shalt thou worke , and in the seuenth day thou shalt rest : both in earing time , and in the haruest thou shalt rest . And surely of all times labouring in haruest seemeth most vnlawfull . First , if as God his benefits grow on vs , we must grow in thankfulnes , then reaping at that time , we ought to render most thankes , and not to thinke the worship of one day sufficient in seuen , much lesse to cut it from the Lord in part or in whole . Secondly , seeing in the weeke going before wee haue euen wearied both our owne bodies by labour , and much more the bodies of our beasts in tra●●●le : besides that , in working on the Sabbath , wee contemne the ordinance of God most vnthankefully , which so well in his law in this case hath prouided for vs , wee deale too vnnaturally with our selues , and too iniuriously with our cattell . Againe , if wee on this day make no conscience of the worship of God contemned by this worldly labouring , wee manifestly bewray our want of faith in Gods goodnes , wisedome and prouidence : as though hee either would not preserue that , which hitherto he nourished out of the earth : or that he hauing dealt so mercifully in many benefits before , should now ●● one faile vs : which vndoubtedly hee would not doe , did not our sinnes prouoke him thereunto . Wherefore if so it come to passe for our sinnes , we must rather in patience , repentance , and wisedome , submit our selues to the punishment , than prophanely and obstinately to seeke by such meanes to shake it off . True it is , as wee haue said before , that workes of necessitie bee lawfull on the Sabbath : but wee must vnderstand it of necessities present , and not of perils which are imminent , that is , which are like to come , but yet are not certaine to come . For when the danger is presēt , as an house is on fire , bloodshed by reason of a fray is like speedily to bee committed if helpe bee not , or in such like cases , because the Lord hath as it were cast the remedie vpon vs , and put vs in his owne stead for ministring of helpe , then may we vse our libertie : but whē it is to come , and it is still in the Lord his hand , we must cast the whole remedie vpon him , if the danger f●●l● knowing that he in his prouidence and mercie will remoue the euill , or else in sending it will punish our sinnes . But to returne from this to that , from which wee a little digressed , the reason of Christ here vsed is yet pressed further , Luk. 13. 15 where hee answereth the master of the Synagogue , who had indignation at him for healing on the Sabbath , Hypocrite , doth not each one of you on the Sabbath day loose his oxe , or his asse from the stall , and leade him away to the water ? 16 - And ought not this daughter of Abraham , whom Sathan had bound for eighteene yeeres , bee loosed from this bond on the Sabbath day ? That is , will ye water your cattel on the Sabbath , which thing your Rabbins thinke not vnlawfull : and thinke ye that I breake the Sabbath for helping a faithfull beleeuer ? Is not this rather hypocrisie in you , than any new doctrine in me ? But here some will obiect : Christ might haue done this the day after to the woman , who in so short a time would no more haue perished , than the oxe , if hee had not been led to the water vntill the day following . To this I answere , as the workes which wee doe to God his creatures do not fight with the keeping of the Sabbath , because in respect that cattel by not attending on them , would be made lesse profitable to their owner , though thereby they should not vtterly perish : so in respect that this womā should haue remained more vnfit for God his glory , & the keeping of the Sabbath , if she had not bin helped , although it may be shee should not vtterly haue perished , this worke of our Sauiour Christ was nothing against the Sabbath , hee not seeking his owne glorie and profit , but the glorie of his father , and the profit of another . Now followeth the fourth reason in the 8. verse . The Sonne of man is Lord euen of the Sabbath : That is , God the Father making the Sabbath , is the Lord of the same : the Sonne of man is equall with the Father , therefore the Sonne of man is also Lord of the Sabbath . Againe , as the Lord made a law for man , but none for himselfe : so ye are too presumptuous in the presence of the Lord to controll my disciples . For , if I beeing the law-maker , giue a speciall priuiledge to my Disciples , as indeede I may doe , vrging the law , where I list , and dispensing in the law to some , as I please ; is it then meete that you should censure them , whom I doe priuiledge ? Wherefore seeing it is I that haue appointed the Sabbath , and therefore best know who keepe it , and who breake it , I giue you to vnderstand , that these men , whom yee falsely accuse , because ye know not the pure keeping nor breaking of the Sabbath , haue not broken it . Suffer me then , I pray you , being Lord of mine owne ordinance , to dispose of it , as best seemeth to me . The fift argument may be borrowed from the second of Mark. vers . 27 the words whereof are these : The Sabbath was made for man , and not man for the Sabbath . Many thinke this reason to make much for their purpose ; but they are deceiued in their owne ignorāce . For , saith Christ , this is the cause why my disciples haue not rested so much , as yee thinke they should haue done ; the Sabbath , that is , the rest , was made for mans good and comfort , and not man for the rest alone , but for the sanctifying of the Sabbath : so that albeit they haue not for some good cause obserued the rest , which must giue place to the profit & commoditie of man , yet haue they not brokē the sanctification of the day , which chiefly is required of them , in that , if they had not eaten this corne , they had fainted , and so haue beene made vnfit for the hallowing of the same . We say , meate was made for man , that is , for the reliefe , sustenance , and comfort of man , not man for the meate , to wit , for the eating and consuming of meate : but that in enioying the cōforr of God his creatures , he might praise the Lord the more freely . Neither can any man hereof iustly gather , that therfore on this day he may fil himselfe with meate , as he lusteth : because that were rather to vnable , than to enable him to keepe holy the Sabbath . Againe , we say in like maner , that labour , that is , the commoditie that commeth by labour , was made for man , not man for the labour , but for the glorie of God , which by labour in his lawfull calling he may gaine to the Lord. Wherefore seeing the rest was appointed only but as meanes , wherby man may the more fitly sanctifie the Sabbath , and the disciples did eate this corne , that they might be the fitter thereunto , it is manifest they did not violate the sanctifying of the Sabbath . Besides , though no man can say , that the Sacraments are figuratiue : yet the Sacraments were made for man , not man for the Sacraments , that is , for the bare vse of the elements : although it must needs be graunted , that to vse the word and Sacraments in purenes and holines for the further strengthening of our faith , is one of the chiefest and most principall duties of man. How be it in respect they be but meanes , and are to giue place to the end , to the which they are ordained , I am perswaded , that though the congregation were busie either in hearing the word preached , or in receiuing the Sacraments ministred : yet if an house being on fire were in loue to be helped , the former actions were to giue place to the latter . For we reade Act. 20. 10. where Paul being occupied in preaching , and espying a young man , who was in a dead sleepe , fallen downe dead , made no conscience to cease from speaking , to goe downe to lay himselfe vpon the young man , & to imbrace him , vntill his spirit returned into him , and afterward went vp againe and continued his preaching . Wherefore in all these reasons we may see how Christ did shew vnto the Iewes , that they peruersly did stand in the ceremonie , and did not abrogate the Sabbath . Here then is a farre contrarie argument to that , which these men affirme . For seeing our Sauiour Christ might in one word haue shewed it to be a ceremonie , if he had purposed any such thing , and not haue so amplified the matter , we see he rather speaketh against their superstitious opinion and abuse of the Sabbath , than affirmeth any such thing , as these men do surmise . To these former reasons we may adde that , which is Matth. 24. 20. Pray that your flight be not in the winter , neither on the Sabbath day . This , say they , sheweth , that the persecution of Ierusalem should be by so much the more grieuous to the Iewes , if it fell on the Sabbath , because then it was not lawfull for them to flie : so that if they stayed , they were like to lose their liues by falling into the hands of their enemies : if they fled , they should breake the Law of God , & so become subiect to the punishment thereof . But this was nothing in the purpose of our Sauiour Christ , who therefore forewarned them to pray , that the destruction of the citie should not fall on the Sabbath , because then it would be the more grieuous punishment vnto them , when besides the hauocke of their owne bodies , they should see the glorie of God thrust through the sides , the Temple polluted , the worship of God prophaned , the word of God blasphemed , and the Sabbath of the Lord defiled . The truth whereof appeareth in this , that troubles & the time of their visitation should come vpon them , when the Sabbath should not be ceremoniall , as now it was , when Christ spake vnto them , but at such time , as men should worship God in spirit and trueth , without all shadowes and figures , when Christ should be ascended into heauen , as indeed it came to passe . So that this should increase the griefe of so many as sincerely worshipped the Lord , that when they should reioyce in the holy worship of God , they should mourne and lament for the enemies horrible blaspheming the name of God , and that when they should sing the praises of God , they would sigh and houle to see the open despite of God and his trueth . In respect of which miserable calamities , our Sauiour Christ foresheweth the wofull estate that should be in those daies , of them which were with child , and gaue sucke . For though the fruite of the wombe and multiplying of children , in respect of themselues , were the good blessings of God ; yet the estate of those times should be so dangerous , that euen the blessings of God should be turned to curses , and the children , which otherwise were a comfort vnto them , should now increase their trouble , discomfort and sorrow . Wherefore it is certaine , that Christ neither meant , that euery day should be alike : for then he would not distinctly haue pointed at this day : neither did he thinke it to be a ceremonie , because he knowing the time when ceremonies should cease ; would haue been so farre off from nourishing them in their superstition , that being the Prophet of God , he would in this , as in other things , rather teach them the pure vse of the Sabbath . Thus hauing spoken of those places in the Gospell , which might seeme to make against the Sabbath , now let vs speake of those places in the epistles of the Apostles , that we may see whether they containe any sound trueth for their purpose , howsoeuer they be thought to haue some hold in shew . These allegations are either out of the epistles of Paul , or the epistles to the Hebrues : out of the epistles of Paul ▪ which he wrote to the Romans , to the Galathians , or to the Colossians . The place which they bring out of the epistle to the Romans is in the 14 ▪ chap. vers . 1. Him that is weake in the faith receiue vnto you , but not for controuersies of disputations . 2. One beleeueth that hee may eate of all things : and another which is weake , eateth hearbes . 3. Let not him that eateth , despise him that eateth not : and let not him which eateth not , iudge him that eateth : for God hath receiued him . 4. Who ar● thou that condemnest anoth●r mans s●ruant ? he standeth or fall●th to his ●wne maister : yea he shall be established : for God is able to make him stand 5. This man esteemeth one day aboue another day , and another man counteth euery day alike : l●t euery man be fully perswaded in his minde ▪ 6. He that obserueth the day ▪ obserueth it to the Lord : and he that obserueth not the day , obserueth it ●●t to the Lord , &c. In this last verse they would gather , that a man might make choise of daie● as he will , and as in a thing indifferent . And some learned expositors affirme , that the Apostle in this chapter intreateth of things , which in their owne nature are indifferent : and therefore here we are to vse thē in loue . As I grant this to be the general scope of the place , so I deny it to be the principal end . For as the Apostle speaketh of things indifferent , so he also speaketh of things not indifferent . And this we shall see , if we consider of the last verse of the chapter going before , and of the first of the chapter following . Thus it is written , chap. 13. vers . 14. Put ye on the Lord Iesus Christ , & take no thought for the fl●sh to fulfill the lusts of it . The effect whereof is thus much , if it be compared with the first verse of the chapter following . Although ye haue put on Christ , & truly know him by his word : yet if another man professing the same Christ with you , hath not attained to the like measure of knowledge and the same proportion of faith , which ye haue , I would ye should not iudge him for his wickednes any more , than ye would he should iudge you for your strength : but rather bearing with his infirmitie , which in time may be changed to a more perfect strength , labour by all meanes to winne him to soundnes of iudgement . Wherfore in that he saith : Him that is weake in faith , receiue vnto you : he meaneth them that are not established in the doctrine of the Gospell , not them that are weake in a ceremonie , or in things indifferent : so that if any be found weake in the doctrine of Christianitie , I meane in some point of it , and yet be sound in all other things , they should not be further intangled with intricate controuersies , which they cannot conceiue : but so gently intreated , and mildly dealt withal , as both the good things which are in them may be nourished and confirmed , as also they may be won to the sight and sense of things , wherin as yet they be weake . Neither must we thinke , that the Apostle meaneth here such imperfections , as may be in the most per●ect , but rather such weakness●s , as are foū● in most Christians . This is the general scope of the Apostle in this place : whereu●to also agreeth the conclusion , which is in the first verse of the chapter ●ollowing : We w●i●h are strong , ought to bear● the infirmities of the ●e●ke , and not to please our s●l●●s . 2. Theref●re let euery man please his neighbour in that , that is good to ●difi●a●ion . 3. For Christ al●o would not please himselfe , but as it is written , The rebukes of t●●m that rebuke thee , fell on m● . Where P●●l his sense is such : If we haue gotten more knowledge , and attained higher graces than other men haue , we are not in respect thereof to despise others : but we must in wisdome and patience sustaine their error a while , and strongly support their weakenes , not that we should nousl● & nourish them in their error or weaknes , but that by humilitie and patience we might the better build them vp in knowledge and true godlines . To this end ●e alleadgeth the example of our Sauiour Christ , who did not onely beare with the infirmities of his friends , but also with the errors of his enemies . So that this then is the true vse of Christian faith mingled with loue , that who so is come to Christ , as we are , our wisdome may sustaine their error , and our strength may support their weakenes , and as Christ did beare with his weake disciples , so must wee with our weake brethren , not counting them as no Christians , because of infirme iudgement they dissent from vs in some particular , but in loue ouercome their infirmities , because they consent with vs in the generall The summe hereof is also set downe 1. C●● . 3. 11. Other foundation can no man l●y , than that which is ●●id , Iesus Christ. 12. And if any man build vpon this foundation ▪ gold , siluer , precious s●ones , timber , h●y , ●r ●●u●ble , 13. Eu●ry mans wor●e shall be made manifest : for the day s●all declare it , because it shall be reuealed by the fire : and the fire shall ●rie euery man worke , of what sort it is . 14. If any mans worke that hee hath built vpon , abide , he shall receiue wages : 15. If any mans worke burne , he shall lose , but he shall be safe himselfe : neuerth●l●ss● yet as it were by the fire . In which place we see , that so long as we be in Christ by faith and repentance , although our faith be mingled with some weakenes , and our repentance with some error , though we build with our gold , siluer and precious stones , some timber , hay , or st●bble ; yet the Lord will beare with vs , much more then for this respect in like causes must we ●eare one wi●h another Now for example sake the Apostle bringeth in this instance : On● bel●●u●th t●●● he m●y ●●te of all things , and an●t●●r which is we●ke , eateth herbes ▪ &c. Some thinke that this eating of all things was meant of the Romans , and that the eating of herbs was vnde●stood of the Iewes then being at Rome . But this seemeth not to be a ●ound opinion , in that we reade not in any Ecclesiasticall historie , that the Iewes were at Rome : neither doth the Apostle write a mixed epistle partly to the Romans and partly to the Iewes , but writ●th it w●olly ▪ and intitul●th onely vnto the Romans . Againe , we cannot gather out of any records of the writers , that the Iewes did ●ate herbes alone . True it is that pedagogically the vse of many creature● was forbidden to the Iewes : howbeit it doth not seeme likely that they were tied so strictly to the eating of herbes . This I am sur● of , that euen now adai●s the diuell hath perswaded many Christians newly come to Christ , that if they eate any thing either in qualitie more delicatly , or in quantitie more liberally than bare necessitie doth require , they haue sinned . And yet in these men there is , no doubt , a generall good meaning : but yet in this particular they hold an error . In this exampl● the Apostle setteth downe the stronger part , and the weaker ; the stronger part is prefixed , which is a worke of faith : the weaker part followeth after , which is the weakenes of faith . For marke , he saith , One bele●ueth that he may eate all things : here is a worke of faith , because ●● hath the word for his warrant : and then he saith , another eateth herbes , * he saith not he beleeueth , that may eate herbes , for hee doth it in weakenes of faith , and hath not the word for his warrant , neither doth he beleeue that he can vse other meates . This example inferred , the Apostle vseth this exhortation ; Let not him that eateth , despise him that eateth not : as if he should haue said , let not him that is so strong in faith , therefore thinke him to be no Christian , that hath this error , to thinke himselfe more holy , i● he eate nothing but herbs . It is added , Let not him that eateth not , iudge him that eateth , and this is very necessarie . For it is much incident to the yong ones in Christianitie to iudge others , who are not so abstinent as they are . Here is not then the person so much condemned , as the fact . For though we may iudge his sin , and rebuke his errour , yet must we not iudge his person , as though God were not able to recouer him . Now to proue this , the man of God bringeth an argument only for confirmation of the doctrine immediatly going before , & it is drawne from the greater to the lesser . This man esteemeth one day aboue another day , and another man acounteth euery day alike . Which reason is thus much in effect : although there should be some so weake in knowledge , that they should make no difference of daies in respect of their vses , which vndoubtedly is a great error : yet I would not that for this respect a man should count him for no Christian , much lesse then must this be done to one , that of infirmitie eateth herbs , which is a lesse error than the other . The stronger opinion is set in the first place , the weaker in the last . For as this is the stronger , one beleeueth that he may eate all things : so this is the weaker , another eateth herbes : as this is the worke of faith , this man esteemeth one day aboue another : so this is the weakenes of faith , another counteth euery day alike . He that obserueth the day , saith Paul , he doth it not without knowledge and iudgement , but obserueth it to the Lord : so that the Sabbath day is the Lord his day . This is the strong opinion , I say , to distinguish one day from the residue , which was vnknowne to the Gentiles , who although they had many holy dayes through a corrupt imitatiō of the Iewish obseruation , which they had heard of , yet were they ignorant of the true day . But now hearing of the Lord his day , some among them began to doubt of it , with whom the Apostle willeth the stronger to deale in loue . In our dayes we see that because there hath bin much crying out against holy daies , some also wil not stick to cry out against the Sabbath . Wel , if a papist in al other general points of doctrine should be truly cōuerted vnto Christ , and for want of instruction doubteth of the Sabbath , we are in loue to deale with him , and for a season to support his weakenes . How be it we must remember that the weake must not alwayes be borne with , as appeareth by the Apostles words chap 15. 2. Let euery man please his neighbour in that , that is good to edification . So long then as the errour is of weaknes , and that it is but an infirmitie in the man , from which by the knowledge of the truth he would be rid and be deliuered , he must be borne with . But if it proceede of illusiō , obstinacie , & of a prefract iudgement as deceiued by the diuell , then he must not be borne with , no not euen now a dayes : nay , if we be herein faultie , the errour is not so tolerable in vs , as it was in them , in that they wanted the old and new Testament , both which are so abundantly opened vnto vs. But if one truly repenting him of his sinnes , & faithfully beleeuing in Christ , shall through ignorance be afraid of the Sabbath , as of a seruile ceremonie , he is so farre to be borne with , as he desireth to come to the truth , & if he come once to be obstinate , he is no longer to be borne with . But how proue you that this is the stronger opiniō to esteeme one day aboue another day , and that this is the weaker to count all daies alike ? I answere , the Apostles did obserue one day , and cōmended it vnto vs by their owne practise , which no doubt they wold not haue done , had it been the weaker part . Besides it is not vnlike but a law for obseruing this day was also made by them , Act. 15. and therefore it must be the stronger part . And although the Iewes could not be brought from their day , yet : the Apostles might haue one day . Againe , in that the Apostle would haue none iudged , that of weakenes shall not obserue the Sabbath , & yet he doth not onely himselfe iudge the Galathians , but also as being ielous ouer them , he telleth thē that he feareth their falling away , because they obserued dayes , and moneths , and times , and yeeres ; it is apparant that this is the stronger opiniō , especially seeing that Coloss. 2. 16. he saith . Let no man condemne you in respect of an holy day , or of the Sabbath daies : that is , if ye will not vse their solemne Sabbaths of their ordinarie feasts , yet are ye free , and the Church must not iudge you No● , that the Apostles practised this day , it is euident . Reuel . 1 10. where it is called the Lords day . As also 1. Cor. 16. 2. Euery first day in the weeke , which in an ancient Greeke copie is called the Lords day . Moreouer , Act. 20. the Church kept this day , because in it the Lord drew light out of darknesse , and CHRIST on this day rose from the dead , and the holie Ghost was sent in it , whether wee may call to minde in it our Creation , Redemption , and Sanctification . And where it is commonly translated , 1. Corinth . 11. When yes come together , in the Syriake translation it is found , O● the Lords day , when yee meet . Wherefore it is like , that the Apostles obserued this day , and therefore also it appeareth in this place , which we handle , that it is the stronger opiniō , wherein though a man faile through in firmity , he is not to be iudged . Thus we see , how this place maketh nothing for the purpose of them , that would disanull the Sabbath , but is brought in rather by the way of an argument , that if a brother counted all daies alike , which was a great weakenes , yet should he not be iudged : so farre off should they be from iudging him , that of weaknesse eateth herbes , which is the lesse error . Here , if any shall obiect , that our first parents did eate nothing but herbes & fruits , and therefore we should content ourselues therewith : I answere , that their nature being in innocencie , was so sound , whole and perfect , that they needed not other nourishments , as we doe , who by reason of our weaknes and frailty , which accompany sinne , had need of other creatures , all which are pure vnto vs by the word & by prayer . Now , if our father 's not needing other creatures for their corporall foode , stood in neede of the Sabbath , much more we standing in neede of our creatures , haue neede of the Sabbath . The second reason is taken out of Galath . 4. 10. Yee obserue daies , and moneths , and times , and yeeres . 11. I am in feare of you , least I haue bestowed on you labour in vaine . To this I answere , that we must not stand vpon the titles of letters , but obserue the scope of the writer , and weigh the drift of the epistle . The state of the cause is this ; the Galathians were Gentiles , who by Paul his ministerie had receiued the Gospell : afterward certaine false Apostles , as all the learned agree , crept in , who did make them beleeue , that because the same ciuill policie of religion should be there , which was among the Iewes , besides the puritie of Christianisme , went about to intermingle the superstitions of Iudaisme . The Apostle therefore sheweth , that Christ being come to put away figures , all that maintained such daies , moneths , and times , which the Iewes obserued , as they were Iewes , should obscure Christ. The Iewes had their solemne assemblies and conuocations , Leuit. 23. 2. certaine times in the yeere , the first and last dayes whereof , they kept as Sabbaths to the Lord , of which Paul here speaketh , and therfore he saith ye obserue Sabbaths , he saith not , a Sabbath , for which assuredly he is not here grieued with them . For Paul had planted this day among them , as appeareth 1. Corin. 16. 1. Concerning the gathering for the Saints , as I haue ordained in the Churches of Galatia , so doe ye also . Where we may see that ancient custome of the Primitiue Church , which was , that after the word read for the space of an houre , after the ●●●mon ended , and the Sacraments administred ; many did vse to giue not of constraint , but of good will to the poore . Now seeing he had appointed the Lords day in Galatia , it is not like that hee would so sharply haue reprehended them for his owne ordinance , as to say vnto them , that he feared their backsliding from the trueth by it , but rather of those Iewish holie daies , which being peculiar vnto the Iewes , had their beginning and their ending with them . And if wee say , that that day should not be kept for a ceremonie , but some other , that were not to abrogate but to change the ceremonie : as he that stripping himselfe of one sort of clothing , and for pride inuesteth himselfe with a new sute , putteth not away but chaungeth his pride : or as hee that of a filthie lecher is become a couetous miser , riddeth not himselfe from sinne , but changeth from one sute of sinne , whereof he is weary , to some other . The Papists therefore , though they haue not the same daies , yet hauing newe daies in their stead , haue not abrogated , but altered Iudaisme . Iustinus Martyr affirmeth , that they had no holy day but one in the Primitiue Church . He speaketh then flatly against the ceremonies , which by the eternitie and perfection of Christ his sacrifice are abolished , Heb. 9 and 10 Our first father Abraham , when hee beleeued , receiued circumcision as the seale of his faith , to which Baptisme is subrogated vnto Christians . The particular signe that appertained to the posteritie of Abraham , is gone : but the water in Baptisme doth appertaine to all in a generall equitie . Likewise as the Sabbath did put them in minde of their deliuerance , it is gone : but as by it we remember Christ his resurrection , wee retaine it . To conclude , the Apostle meaneth not in this place that Sabbath , but those holy daies of the Iewes , which being the beginning and ending , the first day and last day of their feasts were Sabbaths . The third reason , Coloss. 2. 16. Let no man condemne you in meate and drinke , or in respect of an holy day , or of the new moone , or of the Sabbath dai●s , 17. Which are but a shadow of things to come ▪ but the bodie is in Christ. This is also vnderstoode of the Iewish distinguishing of meates and daies . For the Colossians were troubled with false Apostles , as were the Galathians . And what is the reason that they were so encombred with Iewish obseruations ▪ Forsooth the religion of Christians , which rather consisteth of pure simplicitie than pompous solemnitie , hath but the word barely preached , the Sacraments without vaine shewes administred , prayers in humilitie offered : and therefore it seemeth not so polished , so glorious , and so garnished , as the Iewish religion , which did drawe the greater part of men after it . Thus our fathers seeing the Iewish religion so vernished , and the Gentiles religion so pompous , and Christian religion ful of simplicitie , drew the Gentiles from the simplicitie of Christianisme , and brought in this heape of ceremonies . Wherefore here Paul telleth them , that these things were but instructions for a time , and pedagogical : and therefore did not so appertaine vnto them , as they should neede to trouble their consciences about them , though they obserued them not . Let no man condemne you , saith the Apostle , in such Iewish ceremonies , as for the not obseruing of them they should count you no Christians . Heere is the same drift of the matter , which was of the former ; here the Apostle descendeth from generals to particulars , there he ascendeth from particulars to generals . Let no man condemne you in respect of an holy day , which was an octonarie : for eight dayes long did the feasts of the Iewes last , or of the Sabbath daies , hee saith not of the Sabbath : for hee meaneth those Sabbaths , which were appertenances of the former holy daies , not that holy Sabbath which was common to the ●ewes , with all other the people of God. And whereas in the former part of the verse it is said , Let no man condemne you in meate and drinke , hee sheweth , that the Iewes had certaine beasts and birds vncleane , and drink-offerings , which were forbidden them , howbeit vnto Christians all things are pure . But some will say : what neede wee now to fast , who will censure vs ? I answere , the Lord himselfe . For albeit wee that are Christians , are not to bee charged as the Iewes were , with one speciall day : yet as the Iewes , with all God his people , did humble themselues before the Lord , either for the remouing of some iudgement which presently did lie vpon them , or for the preuenting of some perils which were towards them , or for the obtaining of some grace , which they wanted , ( and yet without all obseruations of daies ( so wee must ioyne with them . And therefore whosoeuer refuseth the exercise of humbling either priuately or publikely , the same is to bee controlled by the word . If any bee commaunded publikely by the Magistrate , whether the cause be iust * or not iust , wee are to obey ; if the cause bee iust , it is not the commaundement of the Magistrate , but of God , and who so breaketh this , is surely to be condemned . The similitude here annexed of the Apostle , is very fit : for as the skilfull painter first portraiteth , and then painteth with fresh and liuely colours , that which before more rudely and obscurely hee did frame and fashion with a blacke coale : so these rudiments more darkely did represent that which now is liuely described vnto vs , the truth of all things in Christ. The bodie is Christ : as if hee should say , yee haue receiued Christ , and the things which he hath prescribed : and though yee haue not the Sabbaths , and holy daies of the Iewes , yet haue yee the true Sabbath , & pure holy day , which Christ hath left vnto you . Here then the Apostle is so farre from abrogating of the Sabbath , that hee maketh no mention , nor includeth any meaning thereof in these words . And thus much for the reasons , which they thinke they haue gotten out of the epistles of Saint Paul. Now let vs consider of that place , which is in the epistle to the Hebrues , chap 4 verse 3. For wee which haue beleeued , doe enter into rest , as he saide to the other , As I haue sworne in my wrath , If they shall enter into my rest : although the workes were finished from the foundation of the world . 4. For hee spake in a certaine place of the seuenth day on this wise , And God did rest the seuenth day from all his workes . 5. And in this place againe , If they shall enter into my rest . 6. Seeing therefore it remaineth that some must enter thereinto , and they to whom it was first preached : entred not therein for vnbeleefes sake . 7. Againe , hee appointed in Dauid a certaine day by To day , after so long a time , saying , as it is saide , This day if yee heare his voyce , harden not your hearts . 8. For if Iesus had giuen them rest , then would hee not after this day haue spoken of another . 9. There remaineth therefore a rest to the people of God. 10. For he that is entred into his rest , hath also ceased from his owne workes , as God did from his . 11. Let vs studie therefore to enter into that rest , least any man fall after the same example of disobedience . Behold , say they , the Sabbath which Christians must obserue , is to rest from sin . I answere , this is not proued . For this was as well to the Iewes , as it is to the Christians . For it is said , Psal. 95. To day , if ye will heare his voyce , 8. Harden not your heart , &c. This the Prophet wrote after Caleb and Ioshua had entred into Canaan , whither though many entred not , yet some entred : so that they had euen that rest then , as well as we haue now . Wherefore it doth not follow , because the resting from sinne is also enioyned to the Christians as a pure vse of the Sabbath , therefore it taketh away the other . Againe , the resting of God from his workes , cannot be a figure of resting from sinne , no more than God his workes can be a figure of sinfull workes . Now seeing the Lord here vseth an argument of proportion betweene his workes , and our workes , his ceasing from his workes , and our ceasing from our workes , because betweene the figure and the thing figured , must be some proportion and resemblance , I pray you what proportion is there betweene God his workes and our sinnes ? what analogie betwixt God his resting from his workes , and our resting from sinne ? Againe , that it cannot be here meant of the rest from sinne , it is manifest , because that which is here spoken , is set downe to Adam , Genes . 2. 2. 3. at what time there was no sinne in the world , and therefore no resting from sinne , & therefore no figure of resting from sin , because all the learned herein agree , that there were no figures before sinne . Besides , and fourthly the Apostle sheweth , that this rest is meant of the kingdome of heauen . For as Dauid spake this of the land of Canaan , so the Apostle speaketh it of the kingdome of heauen . Wherefore he concludeth ; Let vs studie therefore to enter into that rest , where we shall not onely rest from sinne , but from all our ordinarie workes of our callings , where shall neither be eating , nor drinking , nor marying , nor giuing in mariage . And as the people before were threatned , that for their vnbeleefe and disobedience they should not enter into the land of Canaan : so we are here threatned , that vnlesse we studie and striue against these things , we shall not enter into the kingdome of heauen . Howbeit , although the Sabbath was not a figure vnto Adam of resting from sinne , yet it was vnto him a signe , that he should come to the kingdome of God , where should neither be eating , nor drinking , nor marying : all which seeing Adam had , it is manifest that he was not in the kingdome of God as yet . The Sabbath then did put him in minde , that he should not alwaies be working , but that he should be translated , though not die : ( for although he was created in innocencie , yet not free from being translated to a better place at God his good time ) but , as the Apostle saith , he should haue been changed as were En●ch and Eliah , though after a more excellent manner . We haue now the Lords day , which assureth vs , that as now by faith and hope we enioy the life to come : so hereafter these two ceasing , we shall more fully and perfectly enioy the same : and as our Sacraments purely vsed , shew a thing not to come , but alreadie past ; so this day truly kept , is a resemblance of a thing not past , but to come . For as on this day from the morning to euening we praise God , if we keepe the day holie , and yet withdrawne and interrupted with many by-thoughts , and secret distractions : so in heauen being freed from worldly , carnall , fearefull , and manifold affections and troubles , we shall more continually praise the Lord. What is then the alluding of this word rest ? This it is . As God rested from his workes , after he had made the world : so we must rest from our workes . What from the workes of sinne ? no , from the workes of our callings , and consequently from the workes of sinne much more . So the analogie betwixt the Lord his rest and ours , teacheth vs that we must rest from our ordinarie workes , and this rest putteth vs in minde of that continuall Sabbath , wherein when we cease from working , eating , drinking , sleeping , marying , and all such workes , as we are subiect vnto with corruption : then also shall we vndoubtedly cease from sinne , which kinde of rest in fulnes we must not looke for in this life . This is a generall rule in Diuinitie to be obserued , that of one place of Scripture there is but one naturall and proper sense : although by consequence , searching out the contraries , the causes , the effects , and such like , other things may be also gathered out of it . If the words be more proper and naturall , the sense is more proper and naturall : if the words be borrowed and metaphoricall , then is the sense borrowed and metaphoricall . Now allusions are not so much for the proofe & confirmation of the matter , as for the amplifying and illustrating of the same . For example , 2. Corinth . 13. 1. the Apostle saith : This is the third time I come vnto you . Where we must vnderstand , how the Apostle had been with them once in bodily presence , and twice wrote vnto them , and yet he saith , this is the third time I come vnto you . He alludeth then to this , as yee see , O Corinthians , in the law , that two or three witnesses were sufficient to confirme the good , and condemne the euill : so I haue beene with you thrice , which is sufficient to confirme the faith of the godly , & to leaue the vngodly without excuse . Againe , Rom. 10. 18. we reade , But I demaund , Haue they not heard ? No doubt their sound went throughout all the earth , and their words into the ends of the world . Here we see the Apostle alludeth to that Psal. 19. 4. which is meant of the day and the night . This is then the allusion , As the day and the night spread ouer the whole world , so the Apostles were sent to preach ouer the whole world . Againe , Galat. 4. Paul alludeth to Agar and Sarah , in which place he sheweth , that as in Abrahams familie was the image both of the true Church and malignant Church , the one persecuted of the other : so like should be the estate of the Church continually euen vnto the end . In like manner the author to the Hebrues vseth an allusion , that as God rested the seuenth day from the workes of the creation : so we also should rest from the workes not of sinne , as these men would haue it , but of our calling . For this Adam should so haue done , though he had not sinned , and therefor● it is not meant of resting from sinne . Thus we see , where the Christian Bee gathereth honey , there the heretical Spider sucketh poyson , who affirmeth , that in this life they rest from sinne , and here they haue their heauen . And thus much for those reasons , which are out of the very words of the Scripture : no● of those arguments which are drawne by consequence out of the Scripture . Their maine reason is this , which deceiueth many : That which is gr●ffed in mans nature , whereof the Gentiles were not ignorant , and which continueth to the kingdome of Christ at his second comming is morall ▪ and that which was not naturall , vnknowne to the Gen●iles , an● lasted but vnto the first comming of Christ , was ceremoniall : but such was the Sabbath , therefore the Sabbath is a ceremonie ▪ and not a morall precept . I answere first , that naturall and morall , which they make all one , must not be confounded ▪ True it is , that our first parents had the law of God written in their hearts , before it was promulgated in the mount : whereunto , as we said , the ceremonies ( seruing as rudiments for a time , and as appertinances ) of the law were adioyned . And albeit the morall law be the explaining of the naturall law : yet it doth not follow , that that which is in the morall law , is no more than that which is in the naturall law . We know our first father Adam , besides the law of nature , had the Sabbath in expresse words giuen him : and although he had the great bookes of Gods workes , yet he had the Word and Sacraments also : both which were without his nature , and had them not in his owne nature . So the things here spoken renew that which was giuen , besides that which he had by the law of nature . The Gentiles then can no more by the light of nature see the true Sabbath of the Lord , and the time wherein he will be worshipped , than the pure meanes and manner which the Lord hath appointed for his worship : and therefore both Papists , Heretikes & Gentiles , are as well deceiued by ignorance in this obseruation of the fourth Commandement , as they be in the second . Againe , I may answere , that in some manner both the second and fourth Commaundements are engraffed in mans nature . For neuer any were found so prophane , which would not grant that God ought to be worshipped , and that not onely inwardly but outwardly also by meanes . And the Gentiles by the instinct of nature would acknowledge , that as there was a God to be worshipped , so there should be some time which should be sequestred from other businesse , and should be bestowed on matters concerning the worship of God. But to discerne aright what these meanes be , wherewith the Lord will be serued , and what this time is which the Lord will haue for his honour , the Heathen were so farre off , that how many nations so many heads , how many heads so many kindes of religion . The Gentiles , whose vaine traditions were but disordered imitations of Moses lawes , which they had heard of , had indeed their holie daies , which not being vsed in faith by reason of their ignorance of the word , could nothing please God. Yea wee may reade how strictly and superstitiously the Gentiles kept their holie daies : so that with all other they agreed after a sort in this generall point , that there should be both appointed meanes , and certaine set times for the worship of God. Againe , it is like that the Gentiles were not ignorant of the law of fasting , as may appeare by the Niniuits : but how to order it a right to the glorie of God , they were altogether ignorant , because they wanted the word . Wherefore herein wee count the true glorie of Christians to consist that the Lord hath giuen vs the truth , and hath not left vs to our own inuentions in the meanes of Gods worship : and herein is Christian dignitie , that as wee haue the manner of our religion prescribed of God himselfe ; so we haue also the time , which he for that purpose hath himselfe sanctified . It followeth not thē , because the Sabbath is not ingrasfed in mans nature , therefore the Sabbath is not morall , because in trueth neither were the lawes of the meanes of Gods worship , nor of fasting so ingrafted , although in some maner they were . Their reasons by consequence are either from the old Testament , or from the new . Their argument from the old Testament is this : We reade not , the law of the Sabbath was put in practise before the law was promulgated in mount S●nai : therefore it is not morall but ceremoniall ▪ This is no good reason , we find it not written , therefore it was not . For so they may argue against ●asting , and many other things which were vsed , and yet the practise of them not left in writing Who can disallow of mariage and of spousals ? doe not the Gentiles , the lawes ciuill , and the Romane law approue them ? and yet what record haue we left concerning these things in writing before the law ? Look into the historie of the Kings and Iudges , in the bookes of the Chronicles , where you shall finde mention made but once of the Sabbath , and wee haue it once commanded by precept , Gen. 2. 2. and commmended by practise , Exod. 16. 26. in which place the man of God speaketh in the preterperfect tence , Behold how the Lord hath giuen you the Sabbath . Their second reason is drawne from the streightnes of the law to be executed ( Exod. 35. 2. 3. ) on him that gathered sticks , which they say must not be enioyned vs. Concerning this , it maketh no more against the morall obseruation of this precept , than the other ceremonies did against the other precepts , whereunto they were ioyned . The Iewes being in their nonage had rules peculiar to themselues , with these wee are not intangled : how beit they had other generall commandements , which being common to vs with them , appertaine still vnto vs. As for example , to teach our children the cōmandements of the Lord , appertaineth to vs , Deut. 6. 7. but to bind them vpon our hands for a signe , & as frontlets betweene our eyes , appertaineth to the Iewes : to burie the dead belongeth vnto vs ▪ but to enbalme them with spices , who had not so cleere a testimonie of the resurrection , belongeth to the Iewes . Is not the law of murder as well enioy ●ed vs , as to the Iewes ? yet we may eate blood , which they could not . We ought to be as temperate as they , yet we may eate the fatnes of meate , which was forbidden them . And so in all the commandements the morall obseruation belongeth to vs as well as to them , the ceremoniall keeping , to them and not to vs. And the same we conclude of this place concerning the fire making on this day . Out of the new Testament they also gather two reasons . First , they say it is not mentioned nor vrged so much in the new Testament , as are the other precepts I an answere , this is no good reason : but is rather to be returned to the Anabaptists , who reason that the iudiciall lawes are not to be vsed , because they are not vrged . Nay rather looke what the holie Ghost hath set downe more sparingly in the old Testament , he hath more fully & plainly supplied it in the new Testament , and what thing the law containeth more fully , that the Gospell handleth more sparingly ▪ because the Lord in his heauenly wisedome would not trouble vs much with one thing . But we know it is named , Matth. 12. and 24. Mar. 2. Iohn . 5. Act. 20. 1. Cor. 16 and 16. Reuelat. ● . The second argument is this : The Apostles changed the day , which ( say these men ) they neuer would haue done , had it been morall . I answere , it was neuer commanded nor appointed what one certaine day should be kept among seuen , but that there should be obserued a seuenth day : which being kept it is sufficient ▪ and the law remaineth vnuiolated . And yet we permit not , that any man at his pleasure should now change this day . For that which the Apostles did , they did not as priuate men , but as men guided by the spirite of God , they did it for the auoyding of superstition , wherewith the Iewes had infected it . Againe , as the Iewes vsed the other day , which is the last day of the weeke , because it was the day wherein the Lord made all things perfect : so the Apostles changed it into the day of Christ his resurrection , who was the beginner of the new world , on which day we receiued a more full fruite and possession of all the benefits in Christ his conception , birth , life , and death . Besides , this was the first day of the creating of the world , wherein the Lord drew light out of darknes . Lastly , the holy Ghost is said on this day to come downe vpon the holy Apostles . So that this day doth fitly put vs in minde of our creation to be thankfull to God the Father , of our redemption to be thankfull to God the Sonne , and of our sanctification to be thankfull to God the holie Ghost . Now if any can alleadge more effectuall or equall reasons vnto these , hee may alter the day so it be with the consent of the Church . Wherefore the equitie of the law remaining , it is not abrogated ▪ Circumcision , as we haue shewed , is considered two manner of wayes , either as the seale of Faith , Rom. 4. or as a signe of that circumcision which wee haue in Christ made without hands . In this manner considered , it is ceased , as it is a seale of Faith it remaineth , not the same in forme and manner , but the same in effect . For although wee haue not the same helpe of our Faith , yet we haue a helpe . The Iewes had Sacraments moe in number , but we more excellent in signification . Though we haue not many Sacramēts and holy-dayes , yet wee haue two Sacraments , and one day more effectuall , than all they were which the Iewes had . We see therefore in truth no reason as yet , why we should not obserue the Sabbath as Morall . Thus hauing confirmed the doctrine of the Sabbath by the holy Scriptures , and proued that there is a morall vse of the same , as well for vs as for the Iewes ; and hauing answered all the contrarie objections , that might seeme to make against this doctrine : it followeth now according to our first diuision , that wee should speake of the obseruation of the Sabbath it selfe , shewing how it is kept , and wherein it is broken . For both these are expressed in the Commaundement : wherein is set downe the affirmatiue , to teach how to keepe it ; and the negatiue , to shew how we breake it . First then we will shew , how the Sabbath ought to be kept : then afterward , we will declare how it is broken . Where it is said in the beginning of the precept , Remember to keepe holic : and in the ende thereof , the Lord hallowed the Sabbath : so that it is not simply said , Remember to keepe : but to keepe holy : neither is it simply mentioned , that the Lord left the seuenth day , but blessed the seuenth day & hallowed it . Hereby is insinuated vnto vs , that in this day we should grow in loue towards God , & tender affection to our brethren , wee are taught that then wee keepe the Sabbath aright , when we vse it to that ende for which it was ordained , that is , when we vse in it ( as we haue before shewed ) th●se exercises , whereby we may be the more sanctified , and God the more glorified both on this , & in the other dayes of the weeke . These exercises be such , as are either priuate or publike . The publike exercises are twice at the least to bee vsed euery Sabbath , and they bee these . First the word read and preached ▪ then prayers feruently made with thanksgiuing , singing of Psalmes , reuerend administration of the Sacraments . And first , for reading and preaching of the word , wee reade , Nehem. 8. 8. And they read in the booke of the Law of God distinctly , and gaue the sense , and caused them to vnderstand the reading . Also wee may see this in the practise of the Apostles , Act. 13. vers . 15. And after the lectures of the Lawe and Prophets , the rulers of the Synagogue , sent vnto them , saying : Yee men and brethren , if ye haue any word of exhortation for the people , say on . And as the Ministers did reade and preach the word , so it was the practise of the Church to heare , as Eccles. 4. vers . 17. Take heede to thy foote , when thou entrest into the house of God , and bee more neere to heare , than to giue the sacrifice of fooles . And it is saide , Nehem. 8. 3. The eares of all the people hearkened vnto the booke of the Law. And concerning praying , thanksgiuing , & singing , the Prophet of God vseth a vehemēt exhortation to the Church , Psal. 92. 1. Come ( saith he ) let vs reioyce vnto the Lord : let vs sing aloude to the rocke of our saluation . 2. Let vs come before his face with praise : let vs sing aloude vnto him with Psalmes . And Psal. 65. 1. O God , praise waiteth for thee in Sion , &c. Now for the Sacraments generally we are to marke , that as in the time of the law the sacrifices were most vsed on the Sabbath day : so our Sacramēts succeeding the sacrifices are then most to be frequented . As for the supper of the Lord , it appeareth Act. 18. 1. Cor. 11. ( as it seemeth ) that it was administred euery Lords day , although now adaies the ministers may not so doe , for the great ignorance & carnall securitie of people . For the administration of Baptisme , although there be no expresse places of the scriptures shewing the practise of it on this day : yet there are many good reasons agreeable to the word , which will proue the same . First , we know Circumcision was vsed on that day , & therefore Baptisme which is come into the place of Circumcision , is to be vsed on the Sabbath day . Againe , Baptisme is a publike action of faith , wherby a member is to be receiued into the Church , and therefore the prayers of the whole congregation ought to be made for it : all must be hereby put in minde of the benefits which they haue reaped by Baptisme , and so make a double profit of their presence hereat . Now seeing old and young , men & women , masters and seruants , fathers and children , cannot so generally & conueniently meet on the weeke daies , by reason of their callings , as they can on the Lords day , their busines set apart : it seemeth by good reason that the Sabbath is the fittest day for this Sacrament . Againe , if the Lord in his infinite wisedome and goodnes commanded Circumcision to be vsed on the eight day , both for the auoyding of superstition , if any tied the grace of God to the outward signe , as also for a sufficient time , wherin the children might gather some strength to the cutting off of their flesh ; why were it not a thing requisite , that Baptisme should be deferred to the Lords day , both for the remouing of their superstitious opinion , who think the childrē dying vnbaptized to be but damned ; and also for the better enabling of the child to be dipped in the water , according to the ancient maner and pure nature of Baptisme ? Wherefore for these causes Baptisme cannot be denied to be a publike dutie of the Sabbath . Cōcerning priuate exercises on the Sabbath , they are either going before the publike , or following after , or comming betweene . The duties going before are either in examining our selues , or stirring vp of our selues . The examination of our selues consisteth partly in surueying our estate past , and partly in considering of our present condition : in surueying our estate past , we are to call to minde either what sinnes the weeke before we haue committed , to the more humbling of our selues in prayer : or we must remēber , what graces of God in our soules , what benefits of God on our selues or in our friends we haue receiued , to the better prouoking of our selues to thanksgiuing : in considering of our present condition , we are to examine how we stand affected , whatmeasure of faith , repentance and godlines is in vs : if there be any special want or occasion of publike prayer , we must craue the prayer of the Pastor and congregation : if any peculiar cause of a solemne thanksgiuing be offered , we must giue the Preacher and people word of it : as also if there be occasion of some want , we are to pray for the Minister that his mouth may be opened , to make some happy and holy supply by the word of it . How requisite this examination is , our ciuill practises may declare . We see worldly thriuing men , if not euery day , yet at the least once in the weeke they search their bookes , cast their accounts , conferre with their gaine their expences , & make euen reckonings , whereby they may see whether they haue gained , or whether they haue lost , whether they are before hand or come short : and shall not we much more , if not once a day , which were expedient , yet once in the weeke at the least , call our selues to a reckoning , examining what hath gone from vs , what hath come towards vs , how we haue gone forward in godly proceedings , or how we haue gone backward , that if we haue holy increases , we may giue thankes and glorie to God ; if we come short , we must humble our selues , and endeuour the weeke following , to trauaile with our selues the more earnestly to recouer our former losse . This examination had , we are further to stirre vp our selues before we come to the publike exercises . This consisteth in reading , meditating and praying , whereby we may prouoke a spirituall appetite the more hungerly , desirously , and louingly to resort to the congregation . How necessarie this is , the long and wofull experience of non-proficients in the schoole of Christ , doth lamentably shew . For what is the cause why in the prayers of the Church we so little profit ? What causeth the word to be of so small power with vs ? whereof commeth it that the Sacraments are of such slender account with vs ? Is it not because we draw neere to the Lord with vncatechised hearts , and vncircumcised eares , without prepared affections , and vnschooled senses : so that we come vnto , and depart from the house of God with no more profit , than we get at stage-plaies , where delighting our eyes and eares for a while with the view of the pageants , afterward we vainely depart ? If we at any time are to entertaine some speciall friend or stately guestes , it is ciuilitie to auoide all things noysome , and to procure all things handsome in our houses : and shall we not thinke it Christianitie at such times as the Lord hath made speciall promise to visit vs , and to become our friendly guest , to purge the loathsome affections of the heart , & dispose our soules in some holy order for his entertainement ? Are we so diligent to present our selues on the Sabbath in our best attire , because then we shall come before the whole congregation : and shall we be negligent to attire our soules , seeing we are to appeare before God and his Angels ? Doe we outwardly professe this day to be a more solemne time than any other day of the weeke : and shall we in inward practise denie the same ? Wherefore in this holy preparing of our selues , we are to imitate the wisedome of worldly men , who hauing a suite to the Prince , or some noble personage , which hath not that happie successe and issue , which was hoped for , by and by beginne to call themselues to account , to consider with themselues in what circumstance they failed , whereby lesse circumspectly , and lesse aduisedly they attempted their enterprise , accusing themselues of folly , and vnconsiderate dealing in their cause , whereby , a● wofull experience teacheth them , their request fell to the ground . Vnto these men herein we must not be vnlike , when in dealing with the Lord we profit not so much by hearing , reading , praying , or any other publike exercise , as we should : neither must we sticke to reason with our selues , and to contemne our selues as faultie , either in omitting something to be done , or committing something to be vndone , before we addresse our selues to our publike duties . Now that this examining and stirring vp of our selues may the better be done , it is requisite ( contrarie to the long and loathsome practise of the most part of men ) that we rise earely on the Sabbath day . We see young men will rise earely to resort to matiages , to feastings , to goe a maying , to ringing of bels , or such like vanities : the Papists will breake their sleep , that more timely they may haue their Masses , & popish practises : the here tikes also to attend on their vaine reuelations , will recouer sometime by early rising : all which are to our shame , that for holy & heauenly exercises , to serue the Lord in spirit and truth , will redeeme no time , whereby the Lord his Sabbath may be the better sanctified : but on the contrary , by bathing our bodies in our beds on that day more than on any other , as perswading our selues too great a libertie therein , we make it a day of our rest , and not of the Lords rest . The Israelites are said to haue risen very early to their idolatrie : the Prophets are reported to haue stretched out their hāds betimes in the morning . Wherefore for shame of the one , for the imitating of the other , let vs stirre vp our selues more early on the Lord his day , as making the Sabbath our delight , Esay . 58. wherby we may be no lesse carefull to bestow the first fruits of the day and the sweetnes of the morning in the pure seruice of God , than Idolaters in their Idolatrie , young men in their vanities , wordly men in their couetousnes , & here tikes in their heresies vse to do . If we thus shall examine our selues in our sins committed , & gifts of God receiued ; if we shall humble our selues for the one , and be thank full for the other ; if we shall suruay our wants , pray for our pastors , prepare out selues , and vse all these exercises in wisedome , and rising early ( vnlesse vpon some speciall cause or weaknes , which requireth rather our wholy keeping of our beds , than our vprising ) let the experience of the after fruits and good increases of the publike exercises speake , and let triall report , if the word be not more precious , our prayers more powerfull , our receiuing of the Sacraments more effectuall , more profitable vnto vs. Now concerning those exercises which follow after , or come betweene those publike meanes , they are either for the increase of faith and repentance to make the publike means more profitable to vs , or the exercises of loue , whereby we may shew some fruit of the other . The exercises of faith and repentance are reading , comparing of things heard , examining and applying them to our selues , praying , thankesgiuing , and meditating . First , I say , after our publike hearing we must priuately giue our selues to reading of those things especially , which when we heard , we did not sufficiently vnderstand : also to the comparing of place with place according as they were alleaged , to the better triall of the doctrine receiued , and more establishing of our faith therein . To this end we must vse priuate prayer for a sound iudgement & pure affections , that the Lord would vouchsafe to worke that vpon our affections , which in iudgement we haue receiued . Neither must we forget to be thankfull , in praising of God & singing of Psalmes , for those things , whereby we either see our knowledge to be bettered , or our cōscience touched . To these we must ioyne meditation , either about the means of our saluation , or about the works of God : vpon the meanes , as in accounting with ourselues , what things being read & preached , chiefly did touch and concerne vs , what speciall feelings , & comforts the Lord gaue vs in our prayers , what increase of faith in God his promises , and of repentance in purposing a new life we had in the Sacraments , that thus we may make a priuate and peculiar vse of the publike and generall means . About the workes of God , partly concerning those properties which are in himselfe , as his mercy , iustice , wisedome , trueth , power & prouidence , partly concerning his creatures , and workes of his hands , wherein he hath left certaine impressions and qualities necessarie for our vse , & profitable for our instruction . For the former , the practise of the Prophet and dutie of all good professors , Psal. 92. doth sufficiently shew , that it is one speciall worke of the Sabbath to commend & declare the kindnes of the Lord , to reioyce in the works of his hands , to praise his truth and to shew forth his righteousnes . In which Psalme the man of God protesteth that the works of God are only glorious to the godly , and how the vnwise and wicked men cannot consider of God his workes , nor discerne his iudgements , because they measure the condition of men by their present estate , not looking either how God hath dealt before , nor considering how that though the faithfull seeme to wither , and to be cut downe by the wicked , yet they shall grow againe and flourish in the Church of God , as the cedars doe in mount Lebanon . Now as with the exercise of the word we haue the Sacraments to strengthen our faith : so with the meditating of the workes of God we are to strengthen our selues with the beholding of God his creatures , as the heauens and the scope , beautie , and continuall course thereof , and the earth , which should haue been all as pleasant as the garden of Eden , if Adam had continued in his innocencie , whose worke as it was by the light of nature to view the creatures of God , so also is it our worke by the light of Gods grace and holy spirit to doe the same . To this ende the Propheticall king , Psal. 19. setteth downe the exquisite workemanship , proportion , and ornaments of the heauens , saying , The heauens declare the glory of God , and the firmamènt sheweth the works of his hands . 2. Day vnto day vttereth the same , and night vnto night teacheth knowledge . 3. There is no speech nor language , where their voice is not heard . 4. Their line is gone forth through all the earth , and their words into the ends of the world : in them hath hee set a tabernacle for the Sunne . 5. Which commeth forth as a bridegrome out of his chamber , and reioyceth like a mighty man to run his race . 6. His going out is from the ende of the heauen , and his compasse is vnto the endes of the same , and none is hid from the heat thereof . The Prophet Esay . chap. 1. 2. 3. saith , Heare , O heauens , and hearken , O earth , &c. The oxe knoweth his owner , and the asse his masters crib : but Israel hath not knowne : my people hath not vnderstanding . In which place we are schooled of insensible creatures , how we should doe our dutie vnto God. Wherefore it is good to consider , how in sixe daies we haue had our ●east obedient vnto vs , and how disobedient we are to the Lord. O God how haue thy creatures attended on vs , when we speake to them , they heard vs , when wee did whip them , they followed vs , in al our busines they attended on vs , and yet we haue not listened to the calling vs by the word , wee haue not profited by thy chastisements , nor attended vpon thy commandements . The stork , saith the Lord by Ieremiah the prophet , knoweth his time , but my people knoweth not me . And experience may make vs blush to see , how the birds against the stormy winter may conuey themselues vnto warmer climates vntill the spring time , and man alone either vnsensibly doth not foresee , or vnaduisedly will not auoide the perillous times to come . To conclude , Matth. 16. 2. 3. our Sauiour Christ reprehendeth the follie of Pharisies , saying , When it is euening , ye say , Faire weather : for the skie is red . 3. And in the morning ye say , To day shall be a tempest : for the skie is red and lowring , O hypocrites , yee can discerne the face of the skie , and can ye not discerne the signes of the times ? True it is , that this spirituall vse and holy meditation of the creatures of God should be our whole life : howbeit because our distractions in our lawfull and ordinarie callings will not permit this so fully in respect of our finite nature , we must remember on the Sabbath day to vse a recouery , and by Christian diligence to make recompence for our former negligence herein . And in so heauenly a varietie , which both by precept and practise we haue receiued of our forefathers for this purpose , we shall much profit and set forward this exercise , if in wisedome of the spirit we endeuour to frame our meditations especially about those things , whereof by reason of our callings , in respect of our countries , in consideration of the season of the yeere we haue most speciall occasion offered . Now if by reason of some dulnes or deadnes , by the corruption of nature and secret punishment often incident to the dearest children of God , we cannot so reuerently , cheerefully and comfortably doe these duties required by our selues alone , we may humbly vse the remedie , which by the communion of Saints the Lord in this case hath prouided , that so frequenting the holy companie of the godly , learned and zealous , vnto whom the Lord hath giuen greater libertie both of graces and of spirit , we may be humbled in regard of our owne wants , and take the supplie by them & in them , that if we cannot either for ignorance or blockishnes reade the things heard , compare the places by publike ministerie receiued , pray for the fruite of them ; if we be not able to refresh our selues with considering the workes of God : then we must attend vpon the reading , conferring , and praying , thanksgiuing , singing , and meditations of others ; that so at the least we may either haue our iudgements cleered , or our affections better stirred vp . Neither must we blush or be abashed to acknowledge our wants vnto our brethren , but with all humilitie earnestly deale with them , and enquire of them , how they can compare and reconcile the places deliuered , how they can amplifie it by meditation , how they feele their affections renued , how they can frame a prayer of it , how they can gather of the creatures and workes of God some fruitfull matter of thanksgiuing , that by their godly participation we may haue either our ignorance helped , or our infirmities relieued . For vndoubtedly this is the cause , why so many doe rather in ignorance and deadnes beare the Sabbath as a burthen , euen in that they are ashamed by asking the helpe of others to bewray their ignorance , or display that corruption of nature , which indeed they see and seele in themselues . Against which worldly and carnall shame we must fight , if euer we will triumph ouer that endlesse shame of the wicked , and prouoke our selues by that wholesome and mutuall societie , which becommeth the children of God , either for the increase of spirituall gifts , or for a charitable supporting of the infirmities one of another . And these briefly be the exercises of faith and repentance , whereby we may either stirre vp our selues , or be stirred of others . Now it remaineth to intreate of the duties of loue , because the Lord his Sabbath is not a day of knowledge alone , but of loue ; not onely of hearing the word by preaching , but also of doing the word by practising : and these duties either respect the persons of our brethren , or they concerne such things as are about our brethren . The things concerning their persōs , are either in regard of their soules or of their bodies : the exercises respecting the things that are about them , are either appertaining to their goods , or to their credite . The duties vnto the soules of our brethren , are to teach the ignorant , to bring sinners to repentance , to bind vp the wounds of them that are afflicted in spirit , to comfort the weak , to strengthen the hands that fall downe , and the knees that are readie to faint , to stirre vp them which be dul , to admonish the vnruly , to confirme the faith of them that beleeue , to encourage them in weldoing , which haue begun well , and to rebuke the wilfull offenders ▪ And though these should be the exercises of euery day , yet especially they belong to the Sabbath , wherein we make a supplie of the wants , which we haue on the weeke daies . The duties of loue required to the bodies of our brethren , are the visiting of the sicke , the relieuing of the imprisoned , the helping of the poore and miserable , the feeding of the hungrie , the cloathing of the naked , the comforting of the distressed , the bestowing of our goods on them that are needie . In the primitiue Church as they did euery Sabbath receiue the Sacrament , so they laide something downe to the vse of the poore , which they did both to giue some thankefull testimonie how the Lord the weeke before had blessed them , as also to shew some godly token of their pittie to their afflicted brethen . Concerning the exercises of loue towards the credit of our brethren , if we shall heare of any secret reports tending to the discredite of others , wee must not onely carefully suppresse it , but wisely endeuour to recouer their former credite . This requireth heauenly wisedome , both to admonish the author of euill reports , as also to signifie vnto the man euill spoken of , what hazard and shipwrake of his good name is pretended : yet still concealing the person , and vrging the report , that if the partie be guiltie , he may the sooner step out of his sinne , the Lord hauing discharged such a warning peece against him ; or being guiltlesse , that he rather seeke to proue by the rumor , than to pursue the author . But alas , the sinne of our age hath not onely brought in the ignorance , and banished the practise of this Christian dutie : but also which more is , in stead of healing , we would the credite of others , and it is hard to discerne whether there are more willing to report euill , or not vnwilling to heare euill reports of others . Who seeth not the common profession of our Sabbath to be a table talking and vaine babling of the infirmities of others , tossing to and fro the credit of our brethren as a tennis ball : and this not onely vsed among brainsicke and vnstable women , whose tongues labour of some greater infirmitie , but also of men , who vndiscreetly either set abroch , or draw out to the full measure and past measure the discredit of their neighbours , so that they are so farre from saluing such sores , and stopping such breaches , that they lance deeper and roade further , then any haue done before them . Furthermore , in all these exercises both publike and priuate , both concerning faith , and the duties of loue , both with our selues and with others , two things especially of vs must bee obserued . First , we must at night trie our hearts , with what truth , with what care , and with what sinceritie we haue done these things : because as God abhorreth hypocrisie in euery thing , so especially he cannot abide it in his owne worship . Secondly , wee are to examine our selues , with what profit either to our selues or to others , with what comfort , with what increase of good things we haue been conuersant in these dueties , that wee rest not in the work wrought , but that we may offer vp the fruits of our holy increase in a good conscience to the Lord. The first thing then is to trauaile with our hearts for sincerity , because though generally all the cōmandements require spiritual obedience , yet those more peculiarly which immediatly do binde vs to our God. This we shall do , if we do the duties of faith faithfully , the exercises of repentance carefully , & the duties of loue louingly . On this manner then may we expostulate with our selues : Hath the Lords increase of mercie brought me a daies increase of holines ? how is my knowledge increased , my affectiōs touched , my faith strengthened , my repentance renewed , the loue of the Saints in me confirmed ? How did the word pricke my heart ? how were my affections quickned by prayer ? how much was my faith strengthened in the Sacraments ? Hath the Sabbath been our delight ? are we nearer to God in faith and repentance ? are we nearer our brethren in loue and beneuolence ? are wee better affected to the glorie of God ? is sinne more grieuous vnto vs , than it hath been ? If it be , giue God the glory in Christ ; if not , let our losses cause vs to make some godly recouery in time to come . These things little thought of , is the cause why for the most part and almost generally we rest in the ceremoniall vse of the Sabbath . Now let vs consider a little of the goodnesse of God in giuing so holy a varietie of good things , the consideration whereof partly may humble vs , and partly comfort vs. For in so rich and princely vicissitude , though we doe many things , yet some duties priuate or publike , with our selues or with others , may be left vndone ; if we doe the outward actions , we faile in inwerd affections : & this ought to humble vs. Howbeit , wee may here also sucke out some comfort , to the more alluring of vs to these holy exercises , in that though we be weary of one exercise , we may refresh our selues with another : if we profit not by one , we may profit by another : so that if we be altogether voide of delight , and reape no profit at all , we cannot but excuse the Lord , & accuse our selues . For if we cannot thriue in priuate exercises , we may gaine by the publike meanes : if we can finde no delight by ourselues , we may ioyne with others ; if we cannot profite by reading , we may profite by praying : if not by praying , then by meditating ; if not by meditating , then by conferring ; if not by conferring , yet by singing ; if not by singing , yet by viewing the creatures of God ; if not by these , then by teaching , admonishing , and visiting of others ; if not herein , by suffering our selues to be taught , admonished , and instructed of others . Wherefore as in a solemne banket furnished with diuers meates , the weakest stomacke not liking one dish , may refresh it selfe with another , vnlesse the appetite bee altogether gone : so in this heauenly varietie the Lord hath prouided , that the most weake may comfort his conscience , if not with one spirituall daintie , yet with another , vnlesse it bee so sicklie , that it is altogether gracelesse , and voyde of hope of recouerie , which the Lord in his mercie keepe from vs. And thus hauing shewed what is commanded , let vs goe forward to those things which are forbidden . The Sabbath ( wee say ) is broken either by generall impediments and lets , whereby we cannot sanctifie the day : or else by those euill fruits , which follow the not keeping of the same . For as there be two things commanded , to wit , rest , and sanctification of the rest : so two things are forbidden , namely , labour and trauaile , so farre as either they hinder the sanctifying of the Sabbath , and the prophaning of the Sabbath rest . First of the impediments of sanctifying of the Sabbath , which in their owne nature are indifferent , wee must know , that as the furtherances of this sanctification are commanded , so the hinderances are forbidden : and as rest is so farre commanded , as maketh to the sanctifying of the day ▪ so our works are not simply forbidden , but so farre forth as they be hinderances to the holy obseruation of the same . And these be either lawfull workes , or lawfull recreations and pleasures . And therefore , as wee say in the Commandement going before , that all vaine , light , vsuall , and accustomed othes are forbidden , and yet affirme , that all such othes are commaunded , as are taken vp in the defence of God his glorie , our brethrens welfare , or in any other cases of weight and importance , when the things must needs be knowne , and otherwise than by an oth cannot be knowne ; so wee say in this precept , all vsuall affaires on the Sabbath are here forbidden , and we grant , that if these fall out for the glory of God in the preseruation of his creatures necessarily to be done ; or so , as they may enable vs the more to any duties of the Sabbath , then they are not onely not forbidden , but also more streightly enioyned vs. And therfore as no others creeping in vnder pretence are allowed , but such as are weightie , likewise we permit no works of pretended necessitie , but such as in that they cannot be done the day before , nor the day after , are for the former considerations necessarily required . And whereas the Lord doth not onely giue leaue to draw the Oxe or the Asse out of the ditch to preserue their liues , but also to lead them to the water to make their liues more comfortable to them : so we permit not only things needfull to the life of man , but also things conuenient to the vse & comfort of man , as the dressing of conuenient meates , whereby a man may be made more cheerfull in the duties of sanctification ; so that both in vsing them we refresh & not oppresse our selues , and in preparing them we vse the time before , after , or betweene the publike exercise . But as God hath permitted this leaue : so we on our parts are to take heede that we abuse not this libertie . For when the Lord is so equall , liberall , and fauourable in granting and pardoning our necessitie , and furthering our conueniences ; he will not doubtlesse leaue vnpunished the greedy gaine-feekers , which vnder the forge of necessitie abuse their libertie & his liberalitie . The lawfulnes of which permission is taught vs by Christ himselfe , the faithfull interpreter of the law , and that not onely by precept , but by practise . For in that he healed the sicke , and cured the diseased on the Sabbath , allowing the people on that day to resort vnto him , he sheweth how things concerning the glorie of God are lawfull to be done on the Sabbath . And we see in that the law permitted the leading of the oxe to the water , how things conuenient are not at that time vnlawfull , so that thy be not abused , or ouerused . This moderation prefixed , let vs sift more narrowly the things that are forbidden . These are either the works of our calling , or lawfull recreations . The workes be such , as either are more vsuall in the sixe daies , or being but at certaine speciall times in the moneths or yeers vsed lesse vsual . First cōcerning the works hauing their ordinary course in the weeke daies , as plowing , sowing , vsing of handierafts , and such like , there is no question , and the most prophane person will not call them into questiō , but it is taken as granted , that these workes must giue place to the worship of God , that men being freed from them may bee the more sanctified . And these things are flatly forbidden in the Law and in the Prophets , who would not suffer a burthen to be caried on the Sabbath , by which one worke they did more secretly point at all the rest . But the words of this cōmandement are a sufficient demonstration of this matter . Who so thē make the Lords day a packing day for their earthly busines , either in making it a custome to haue their seruants follow their callings , or trauaile in their affaires , or else when they themselues will doe that that day , which they will not doe at other times , when in spirituall disposing of their busines they might prouide better , they are prophaners of the Sabbath , and shal be iudged for contemners of this law . And whatsoeuer these kindes of professors pretend in word , and brag of knowledge and Christian liberty , they cloake their sinne vnder religion , & draw the curtaine of Christian profession to couer the lewdnes of their vnchristian conuersation , and so liuing as beasts they shall dye as beasts , or worse than beasts , in that they shall goe to the hels , when the beasts shall goe to the earth . It is too too lamentable , that in a Christian common-wealth , where Christ and none before Christ is to be preferred , where the fruit of so many yeeres , teaching this dutie , ought to bee shewed : that men as Heathen , who neuer knewe of the creation of heauen and earth by God , or neuer heard of the redemption of man by Christ , or neuer tasted of the sanctifying power of the holy Ghost , nor at any time vnderstood of the mysterie of the Trinitie ; should make no conscience of the Sabbath , but onely vouchsafe it worthie of a eiuill dutie . But some will pretend a more vsuall necessitie in certaine and peculiar callings , of which , as they say , standeth a further question , as among makers of coale , and iron , Heardsmen , Shepheards , Carriers , Drouers , and traffique men , all which indeede haue great and laborious callings : yet must wee say , and hold this ground , that in these & like ordinarie callings , the ordinance of the Lord doth not hinder the good order of man , but they are so subordinated the one to the other , as if we giue to each of them their time and their place , the workes of man may be vsed , and yet the worship of God preferred : because as our callings serue to Gods worship , so Gods worship sanctifieth our callings . True it is , that the Lord requireth not onely the worship of the Sabbath day , but also of other week daies either priuatly at the least , or publikly , if our callings so permit : and howsoeuer we deny not vnto these men some larger liberty on the sixe daies , yet they must not be exempted from the duties of the Sabbath day , which generally is laid vpon all men , and especially on these men , whose labours as they are the more troublesome and continuall in the weeke daies , so they ought the rather to rest on the Sabbath daies . And seeing they will not discharge themselues of the like graces with other men concerning their creation , redemption and sanctification , if they make not a supplie on the seuenth day for their libertie in the sixe dayes , they are inferior to the condition of beasts : for the beasts on that day haue their rest , and they haue not . Besides in pretending such excuses , they openly bewray their want of spirituall wisdome . For there is no such calling : But if they were as wise to God , as they are politike in increasing their riches , they could tell how to deuide their times & seasons for the easing of their bodies , and refreshing of their soules on the Sabbath . And here men are to be charged with looking to their seruants . For the commandement is flat and expresse ▪ euen thou and thy seruant . It is not sufficient for men to come to the Church themselues , but they must bring their seruants also . The Lord saw how men would be ingenious in deceiuing their own soules , by not bringing their charges and families with them to the congregation , who notwithstanding being created , redeemed and sanctified , are as highly indebted to the worship of God as the masters . But let them not beguile themselues , for the blood of their soules shall be required at their hands , who being too lordly and tyrannous gouernours , make their seruants either equall to beasts , or worse than beasts , caring for nothing but for the world , neuer thinking on hell , whereunto they are hastening . This law doth here also attach Shepherds , and Heardsmen , Bakers and Brewers , which kinde of men if thou hast retained , then art thou charged to bring them to the house of prayer as well as thy selfe . For God hauing made thē men , would not that thou shouldest vse them as beasts for thee ; neither must thou abuse his trauaile to make him like the oxe , whereon he tendeth . But worldly wise men will prouide by changing of their places , that their busines may be done cheerfully : and why then should they prouide for the worship of God so carelesly ? Againe , if Shepheards & Heardsmen can finde meanes to goe to faires and markets ▪ if they can picke out time to goe visit their friends : why may they not also prouide to heare the word of God on the Sabbath day ? Well , be not deceiued , God is not mocked . Looke how a man soweth , so shall he reape . In some places Brewers and Bakers pretend great necessitie . If it be so , then our generall rule permitteth a libertie , but yet on this manner : if they cannot dispatch their busines on the sixe daies , they should rise betimes on the Lords day , that they may do all they haue to do with as little losse as may be : and if they must needes begin their worke against the day next after the Sabbath , let them doe it as lately in the euening as they can , that at the publike exercises they bee not interrupted nor drawne away . Thus much therefore we say , that as we prescribed in the other callings , so for milking of kine , making of beds , and dressing of meates , as for trauailers , Bakers and Brewers , that their busines , if it be necessarie , must bee done either early in the morning , or lately in the euening . There are two kindes of calling of more difficultie , the one by sea , the other by land , the one of Mariners , the other of posts . For men being on the Seas , cannot come conueniētly to the publike places of religion , and in ciuill matters there are often great necessities and vnknowne to priuate men . Concerning the first , we say they are either in necessary affaires , or they are not ; if not , they are to be counted as flat breakers of the Sabbath ; if they be in their lawfull and necessarie callings , the times must bee so diuided , that their bodies may be cased , and their soules refreshed . Howbeit , if the present necessitie grow to be more violent , then holds the generall rule of things that cannot be done before or after . To this we adde , that in some respect , because the Mariners haue intermissions by reason of their oft changing , there might be meanes appointed for the worship of God priuately . For there be vicissitudes of labouring spent in quaffing , drinking , and sleeping ; which leisure they might haue as free for the worship of God priuately , as any on the land . Besides the proportion of sixe and seuen obserued , that they may doe some one day in seuen , which they should do on the Sabbath it selfe . For then the Lord accepteth the equitie of the law when vpon necessitie we cannot obserue the prescript time of the law . Furthermore , when their ships lie at roade and at ancker , when they either are staied by tempest , or mend their tackling , or waite long at hauens for their traffique , then what time hath before been lost , it is now to be redeemed ; if it be not at the set times , yet as we saide , at some times obseruing the proportion of the law . Thirdly , if they were as prudent in heauenly things , as politike in earthly , though they cannot so conueniently haue accesse to the publike meanes , yet in the whole companie ( for feare of pirates they goe for stronger fence many together ) by a generall contribution they might allow a Minister among them . Againe , considering that the Mariners are either such as be of the richer fort , or such as bee of a meaner condition ; we say , that the richer and more wealthie Merchants swimme so in their gaines , as if they haue but hearts to pay the tithe of their increase , they may not onely conueniently finde a Minister in the ship , but also liberally prouide for the worship of God on the land . As for the poorer fort ▪ if they cannot offer an oxe , let them offer a turtle doue ; if they cānot offer a doue , let them offer a little fine wheate flower : I meane , if they cannot prouide a graue preacher , yet at the least , they may procure some good man to read the holy word of God vnto them , to deliuer the plaine and pure sense of the Scriptures to them , and to help them in prayer and other holy exercises of religion . For if they can in their seuerall ships maintaine a guide skilfull in seafaring to conduct them in ther nauigations , then by a generall purse they may farre more easilie sustaine the charges of a teacher , who in great dangers may strengthen & comfort them , in all estates may guide and safegard them to the hauen of heauen . Fiftly , in respect that they haue greater blessings on the Seas , receiue greater testimonies of Gods fauour , taste more bountifully of Gods power in imminent and fearfull dangers , and more liberally haue experience of his prouidence in their marueilous preseruation , than their brethren on the land ; I thinke they ought not to be lesse zealous , but more carefull of the worship of God , than others on the land . Though then the prescript forme of the law cannot alwaies be vsed , and yet the proportion of the law may bee obserued : and seeing God is the Lord of the seas as well as he is the gouernour of the land , he is no lesse to be worshipped in the one than in the other ▪ & yet the want of this his worship hath distinguished the seafaring men from others by their monstrous prophanenes , and brutish irreligiousnes . And yet in that this euill is not so generall , but that euen in that calling there are some that feare the Lord , it is manifest that the fault is not in the calling , which in it selfe is lawfull , but in the corruptions of the persons , who are degenerated into an hellish atheisme . Now concerning Posts thus much briefly : Either the Posts trauaile on the Lords day vpon necessitie , or without necessitie . If they goe on the necessarie affaires of the land , and such as by foreslacking would be more dangerous , and the speedie dispatching of them would be more profitable to the whole bodie of the realme , the libertie is permitted , and is greater or lesser according to the grauitie and slendernes of their affaires : but if they haue no necessitie , the rule of God his lawes take hold on them . Howbeit for the most part subiects are not so precisely to iudge of them , because Princes matters are not knowne to all men : but they are rather to pray , that both the Princes heart may be right herein , and that the Lord would moue them euermore to vse those waies which are most conuenient . And thus much generally of the vsuall workes of our calling . It remaineth to speake of those works which haue not the ordinary course of the weeke daies , but are neuerthelesse vsed at certaine set times and seasons , as Faires in certaine moneths and quarters of the yeere , as the seeding in the winter and in the spring time , and the haruest in summer & in Autumne . Hereunto we may adde speciall iourneies taken in hand not vsually , but extraordinarily , & the gathering of Saffron at the time of the yeere . Al which things haue their seuerall seasons , and are vnnaturally thrust on the Lords owne times , howsoeuer men haue pretended a necessitie , & flesh and blood hunting after liberty , disputeth to the contrary . First as for Faires and Markets , which by politike , wise , and worldly men on the Lords daies are maintained : it argueth the want of godly wisedome where they be vsed , because without any preiudice to the worship of God they may not conueniently bee obserued . For if no necessitie , profit , nor pleasure could cause the Papists to haue their Faires on their Christmas day , Easter day , holy Thursday , and Corpus Christi day ; then it is a shame for vs , that in truth and zeale ought to goe before them , to defile the Lords day herewith : yea I adde , it is intollerable , because a firme statute & ciuill law enforceth a plaine inhibition of all such worldly conuents and assemblies on that day . These faires are for the most part either solemne Marts and of greater continuance , or petie Markets and of lesse resort : if they be more solemne Markets , then the continuance of the gaine in the weeke daies may easily affoord the Lord his right on the Sabbath daies : if they bee the petie Markets , then they are within the compasse of seuen daies , and they may bee vsed on the sixe daies betweene the Sabbaths , not charging the Lords day with them . Concerning seeding time and haruest , we haue heard them on the Sabbath by expresse words forbidden in Exodus . And here one thing maketh me to marueile , why men plead rather for the libertie of the haruest , than of the seeding time , whē the time is alike for the one and for the other , and hee that restrained the one , restraineth the other : yea and there is more wisedome and lesse labour required in the seeding , and there is lesse heed & more labour vsed in the reaping time . And yet many thinke it strange to sowe and plow on the Sabbath day , who make no conscience to mow , reape , and cart it on that day . But here to the commandement let vs ioyne the promise . If we be carelesse to prouide for the worship of God , the Lord will ease himselfe for caring for vs. But , if we first seeke the kingdome of God , and his righteousnes , all these things shall be giuen vnto vs. And intruth the necessitie of the haruest rather chargeth vs with many moe duties on the Lords day , thā dischargeth vs of any one . First the labour of the sixe daies at that season is so great , as men cannot conueniently giue themselues to the worship of God , either publikely or priuatly , and in that respect especially in that time they are to make conscience of the Sabbath , wherein they must endeuour to make some godly supply for their former defects . Vnder this wee may couch another reason . Although greater possessors haue larger libertie in the workes of this calling , yet haue they seruants and cattel , which at haruest time especially labour : for whose good and ease seeing the Lord hath prouided in euery Sabbath , we cannot without vnmercifulnes to the creatures , and the controlling of God his ordinance , in these busie times especially , deny our seruants and cattell their rest , because they had then most neede to cease on the Sabbath day , when they most trauaile on the week daies . Againe , experience teacheth vs , that if the weather in this quarter of the yeere be more vnseasonable , men are then most readie to vnclaspe their hold on Gods prouidence by their carnal diffidence . Again on the other side , if the times are more temperate , and the fruits of the earth more abundant , then we securely hide our hearts in the earth , and tying our affections to our enlarged and full fraught barnes , wee vomit out our surfetting conceits with the rich man , and say , O my soule take thy rest , thou hast store laid vp for many yeeres : and so wee burie our soules in the abundance of our increase . But what is it to haue a handfull of corne , & to gaine therewith a viall of the wrath of God ? What doth it helpe , when the Lord either to correct our sins , or make triall of our faith , doth send foule weather , that a man should blot out the print , & rub out the marke of Gods worke with such contemptuous disobedience ? Ought we not rather in such a scarcitie , as the Lord appointeth by Ioel , to erect a new Sabbath in prayer and fasting , than to pull down the old Sabbath by toyling and labouring , that the Lord seeing our repentance , might stay the windowes of heauen , and surceasing from his punishment might leaue some blessing behinde him ▪ Now therefore to cure our diffidence , to helpe our impatience , and to correct our couetousnesse , as also to witnes our subiection to the blessed will of God , the Lord often sendeth this triall in the time of haruest . Againe , if according to the largenes of Gods liberalitie we may enlarge our taidour , if as the Lord reacheth out his benefits to vs , wee ought to reach out our obedience vnto him : at what time of the yeere doe men more abundantly receiue God his mercies than now , when the prouidence of God commeth to the issue , and groweth to a perfect accomplishment ; when the earth is readie to trauaile and to bring foorth of her bowels , whatsoeuer by the blessing of God it hath before receiued and conceiued ? And consequenly at what time is required of vs a greater measure of thanksgiuing , and when doth the Lord more deeply charge vs with a care of his worship , than when hee doth as it were surcharge vs with the weight of his benefits ? If then either the commandement of God may binde vs , or the promise of God touch vs , either the toyling of our bodies may pitie vs , or the distractions of our mindes may moue vs : if either the wants of our soules may inforce vs , o● the benefits of God rauish vs , we shal confesse , that though at all times carefully , yet at this time of the yeere most carefully and specially we should prouide for the worship of God , the refreshing of our soules , & the relieuing of our bodies . Besides , if the calling of iustice , which for the worthines of it is more necessarie ; if the tilling of ground , which is a thing more needfull , on this day stoope and surcease , to giue place to the worship of God ; then reaping and carting , for which neither dignity nor necessitie can so wel be pretended , must needes cease : and better it is that man should reape somewhat lesse of his priuate gaine , than that so deepe a wound should bee stricken into the sides of Gods publike glorie : and more conuenient it is that a few should smart , than a great many should be offended . And yet true it is , that our axiome of necessitie hath it vertue as well at this time , as at another . Howbeit , I hope , I neede not here put you in mind of the distinction of necessitie present and necessitie imminent , the one granted , the other denied . A present neede requireth a present helpe , as an house being fired , our aide forthwith is required : for that God in this case hath subordinated vs as his Bailiefes and Lieutenants for the preseruation of his creatures . But , if we presuppose and forecast dangers to come , God maketh mens doings dotings , and infatuateth their deuises , for that seeing he openeth & shutteth the windowes of heauen , and the closets of water , seeing he can make the heauens as brasse , and the earth as iron , and sendeth the first and the latter raine : so these things are not in our hands , but in the Lords power , who either proueth their faith , or punisheth our sinnes , and trieth vs whether wee will serue him more sparingly when hee punisheth vs , or more securely when he spareth vs. The other question following is of gathering a saffron . If men be wise and prouident to serue God , the Saffron grounds , I thinke , may also be so kept , as that there will be no such losse as worldly men pretend . But if the nature of it be such , as some doe affirme , that on that day it perisheth , if it be vngathered , on which day it commeth foorth ; then I do think , that by the law of necessitie this thing happening , it may be gathered on the Sabbath : yet with these conditions , that as many gather as can conueniently be gotten , that no publike exercise of the worship of God be omitted , that their mindes be holy and spiritually occupied that gather it . Now if some will obiect , that there is somewhat in the order of nature , which fighteth with the ordinance of this law : I answere , for as much as this thing commeth on the Lords day but seldome times , that therefore it is not a thing ordinarie , but as a work of necessitie . Now to fold vp this question , we required in gathering that we should be spiritually minded , which they may shewe in giuing it a marke of separation , that is , that they bestow it on the poorer , if the be of they more wealthie sort : if they be of meaner condition , yet they may impart something to their more needie brethren , as testifying thereby that they seeke not their gaine , but the glorie of God. It remaineth briefly and in a word to speake of trauailing , which if it bee ordinarie and vsuall , is in no case lawfull : but if it be extraordinarie and necessarie , as often it happeneth to Lawyers , or Physitions , the according to the necessitie it is more or lesse permitted . We see that many Papists wil not stirre out on their Saints daies , whereby is detected the want of our spirituall loue , which make no conscience to cease on the Lords day . And so the religion deuised by man findeth better entertainment & a further practise , than that which was ordained by God. If any man obiect the losse of his liuing , if he should not labour on this day , I oppose against that the losse of God his glorie , and that with his interrogatory , whether the miserable pelfe of man should not giue roome to the immortal glorie of God. And experience confirmeth the trueth of Gods word , that in vaine men rise early , and so late take their rest , in vaine they build and take so great paines , when the Lord denieth the blessing . And what were it to bee rich by policie , and poore by God his displeasure ? What though the bagge be heauie , and their consciences troubled ? What if they be rich with men , and poore with God ? Againe , who is it that so disposed of his iournies and his affaires ? so as some making conscience of their Sabbath , are in their iournies in one day better prospered , in their affaires in one houre more furthered , than many others contemning the ordinance of God are in many houres , and in many dayes ? Who directeth men to bee prouident in their sales and bargainings ? Who besotteth and infatuateth others ? Who sendeth a man ( that not for a simple desire of gaine , but for a single care to walke in his calling , vseth the trade of buying and selling ) moe chapmen in one houre , than another man hath in an whole day , whose heart is inflamed , whose eyes are inkindled with louing gaine , and looking for profit howsoeuer it come by hooke or by crooke ? Men ascribe this to chance , and so they oft by the iust iudgement of God receiue a blanke , that is , trusting to the blind world they receiue not so much gaine , as will acquite their charges . Can men trauaile day and night by sea and by land , and that for a thing transitorie , and will they reach out no houres for the defence of God his worship ; Doe they feare theeues , if they inlarge their iourney for the keeping of a good conscience ; & are they not afraid of theeues , when for their worldly affections they can trauaile early and late ? Because herein the terror of their owne consciences will preach more forcibly to them , than I can speake , I will leaue them to that practise of the man of God , which is vsed Nehem. 12 , And thus hauing spoken of the workes of our callings , now wee are to speake of the workes of our pleasures . Concerning the lawfull recreations of this life , which Christianity doth permit and not forbid ( for of vnlawfull pleasures being alwaies out of season , and especially on the Sabbath , we haue nothing to say ) whether they may haue place and time on the Lords day or no , here is the question . In this part of the treatise , I say , wee doe not speake of prophane & idle pleasures , but of them which bring some further vse after they be vsed , & which are permitted by the word of God , so measure in them may be vsed , and they be sanctified vnto vs by the word and by prayer . And yet euen for these we dare not giue the time consecrated to God , vnto playing and pleasures . Neither are we curiously to frame any exquisite diuision in this matter , but first we will consider of the feasts and bankets accustomed on this day , and afterward of other recreations and exercises at that time frequented and vsed , which though in their time , place and persons they are not vnlawfull , yet at this time on the Lords day we denie them to be lawfull . As for feasts , we may part them into Loue feasts , Church feasts , & sumptuous feasts , which carie with them some further expences and larger liberalitie , as are those which are vsed at mariages , at the admitting of men into their ciuill offices , or else are taken vp for some speciall benefits receiued , or some extraordinarie iudgements remoued , or some other causes like vnto these , as when men carying some port and countenance in the common wealth , according to their degrees and callings , at some times doe ordaine . Touching these solemne and sumptuous feasts , thus much we affirme briefly . Such as on the Lords day institute such solemnities , and stuffe euery office , and bumbast euery corner of the house with men and women , are to be admonished duly to consider of that , which is reported of Dauid both in the historie of the Kings , and in the booke of the Chronicles , who hauing a vaine desire and superfluous appetite , would not deferre , but longed to taste of the water of the well of Bethlehem a well fenced citie , and from whence water could not be conueied by hand , without some ieopardie to them that fetcht it . Wherfore three of his most worthie men haue this busines assigned them , to the compassing whereof their liues were hazarded . At their returne , grace making his after fruites better than the former , after better deliberation vsed , he powred forth the water on the ground , saying , God forbid that I should drink the blood or the liues of these three men : shewing thereby both his offence in sending them , & the free mercie of God in sauing them . Wherefore for as much as these pompous preparations cannot cōueniently be vsed on the Sabbath without the hazard of mens soules ( though the Lord in mercie may saue their soules ) as in that diuers offices in great families require diuers persons to performe diuers duties , and so that which is a day of rest , is made a day of toyling . The equitie of the not kindling of a fire must binde Christians , although the sanction doth not constraine them : whereas the Israelites of an inch of libertie would take an ell , for a childish instruction this thing was restrained them . And although we haue a further libertie to kindle a fire , for as much as we are in colder countries than the Israelites were , yet the equitie of the law must teach vs , that we ought not to turne this libertie to be seruant of our wanton desires , or to foster carnall licentiousnes , and hinder the worship of God. If it be demaunded whether this day be fit for mariage or no : I answere , it is , because on that day as it is a day of reioycing , there is a more lawfull libertie of speech , and a more liberall vse of cheerfull behauiour . Howbeit , let them not on that day , if they marrie , make their solemne cheere : but seeing they may haue a conuenient companie some other day , let them either both marrie and feast some other day , or marrie on the Lords day , & feast another . And if it be demanded , whether Loue feasts may be kept on this day or no ; I an swere , there is difference betweene loue-feasts and solemne feasts . And if men were as wiseas they were in the times of Poperie , they would be politike to finde out some meanes to , prouide for the glorie of God , and yet not altogether neglect the conuenient furniture for their table . I am not to appoint , neither doe I vndertake to prescribe how meate should be prepared , or how offices should be deuided : yet by experience I can giue testimonie of some who for their religion beare credit in the Church , and for their authoritie carie some countenance in common wealth , and yet on the Lords day haue their tables both Christianly and worshipfully furnished without any hinderance of the worship of God at all , notwithstanding the number of their daily retinue & ordinary familie is great . It is one thing to prouide feasts of intertainement more than competent , and another thing to vse loue-feasts nothing lesse than is conuenient , the one oppressing and disabling vs to holy exercises , the other refreshing and enabling vs to the duties of religion . Now concerning the exercises & pleasures of the body , leauing all vaine pastimes at all times vnlawfull , but most especially on the Sabbath , and to speake of such recreations , as in themselues are lawfull , and may lawfully be vsed of the children of God in their time and place ; as those of shooting , training vp of souldiers , and such like , all which their pleasures carie a profit either present or in time to come , to the Church or common-wealth ; we denie not simplie then their places , but thinke them conuenient , and commendable with the testimonie of the holy Ghost : 2. Sam. 1. where Ionathan is commended of Dauid for his shooting . Howbeit , the Sabbath day is no fitte time for these vses , which we will shew briefly . First we must know , that the Lord hauing forbidden the workes of our ordinarie calling , which carie with them a more speciall promise of profit and warrant of reward in their time , forbiddeth also lawfull pleasures : because if the vse of those be forbidden , being lawfull and necessarie for the vpholding and maintaining of mans life , then these things not so needfull , though conuenient for recreation , are much more inhibited . And this we shall see more plainely , if we remember that rest is so farre commanded , as it is an helpe and furtherance to sanctification , and labour so farre is forbidden , as it is an impediment of the same . In regard whereof , if pleasures be no lesse lets and impediments to the hallowing of the Sabbath , than bodily and ordinarie labours ; then pleasures haue no more libertie on the Lords day , than our outward workes . Furthermore , we must be circumspect not to rest in any drowsie or sleepie securitie of the flesh : but in what measure soeuer we detract from the ordinarie workes of our calling , in that proportion must we adde to the sanctification of the day : not much vnlike to good Christians , who bestow on their soules whatsoeuer they take from their bodies . Which wisedome and diligence though we vse most carefully , yet for as much as we shall leaue as many duties vnperformed , as we shall haue performed , I see not what leisure we can lawfully lend to recreations . If any carnall professor shall presse this thing more vehemently , me thinketh he may blush at the defence of it , seeing this kinde of keeping holy daies in pleasures and playing , was vsed euen of the Heathen , who sate downe to eate and drinke , and rose vp to play : first balacing their bellies with feastes , & then refreshing themselues with play . Wherefore as we now denie Church feasts as imitations of the Heathen : so we denie holy-day playes , as remnants of ancient prophanenesse . But if it be here obiected , that the Iewes had their solemne feasts , musicall instruments , and exercises of pleasure , yet the men alwaies by themselues , and the other sexe by themselues ; not with that monstrous mixture of men and women , which is a chiefe sinne and arch-enemie to religion of our age , and that with holy Psalmes made by Dauid and Moses , not with vaine minstrelsie vsed of prophane Atheists : I answere , as Paul speaketh 1. Corinth . 13. of his owne person , that they being as children spake as children , they vnderstood as children , they thought as children , being but in the rudiments : but we becomming men , must put away childish things . Againe , the superstition of the Papists checketh this abuse , who would admit none outward exercises on their Easter , Whitsontide , and holy Thursday , at what times they thought a bird would scarsely build her nest . Did not the Papists breake their superstitious holidaies , and shall we so prophanely pollute the Lord his Sabbath ? Our Easter day , our Ascension day , our Whitsontide is euery Lords day : and therefore we ought to make a speciall care of sanctifying of this day . What shall I say of the zeale of worldlings , which may controll by contraries the securitie of our sinnes ? For all worldly men seeke neuer for pleasure , whilest profit doth drop ; as we may see in them that liue on Faires and Markets , as Chapmen and Inholders . So long as they hope to gaine a penie , how waite they , how diligent are they , how little play they , how busie are they ? And why ? Forsooth it is their haruest , it is their market , which ( say they ) they must attend vpon whilest occasion lasteth . Behold the policie & painefulnesse of the world may teach vs , what we ought to doe for our soules . Is not the Sabbath the haruest time and market day for the soule , wherein we should gather in whilest the Sunne shineth , wherein we we should be very diligent , whilest our gaine is promised , wherin we must prouide for a liuing and maintenance , and lay vp store , laying all pleasure aside vntill the time to come ? And to returne to the Papists , what posting Priests , what mumbled mas●es , what hunting praiers , what hastie seruice had they , when any other solemnitie should be vsed ? What then , will some say , no vse of recreations ? I doe not simply denie profitable exercises , but what shall we do with them on the Lords day ? If all our delight were in the Sabbath , if all our springs were in it , if we made it our chiefest ioy , what place should or ought to be left to such carnall delights , to such fleshly pleasures ? If any shall obiect , that it was not a necessitie to leade the oxe to the water , and yet it was lawfull , and therefore things conuenient in some cases permitted : men haue the vse of pleasures conuenient . I answere , that the oxe so led to water , is not to play and friske on that day , because that may without detriment be deferred , and the other cannot : and the pleasures conuenient , as eating and drinking moderately , may on that day be vsed , in that without them followeth some detriment , & yet we permit not to play , which is a thing that without hurt may be for borne on that day for Gods sake , if without hurt wee can forbeare it an whole weeke for the worlds sake . To be shorte , spirituall wisedome ma prouide both for the Lord his worship , for our callings , & for the lawes . And like as in regard of inconuenience , the politike lawes restraine bowling in some men , not that in it selfe it is meerely vnlawfull , but that for all estates for certaine causes it is not conuenient , in that they would detaine some from their callings : from which if they should rest , they should incurre both the losse of better things , the misspending of time , and hinderance of their honest gaine . In which respect of hindering better things , we denie playing on the Lords day . Yet there may remaine a question , whether sicke persons may haue their exercises on this day , or no ? We answere , if they be extremely sicke , it is a time of praying , and not of playing , according to the axiome of Iames , chap 5. If they be not so dangerously sicke , they neede i● not : for if they can bu●ie their hearts , hands , bodies and mindes about playing , then their late visitation and the fruite of it should rather cause them to refresh themselues with reading , singing , or a more liberall exercise of conferring with them that be godly . And to knit vp this part , let vs remember in the former obiection drawn from the law of the Realme , that the ciuill law doth not so much permit the libertie , which good men know to vse well , as it doth restraine the licentiousnesse , which euill men vse badly : because better it is that good men should want their libertie , which they may doe , than euill men should be confirmed in their licentiousnesse , which they ought not to do : so that euill men may be made good , and good men are nothing hurt . And because loue asketh not her owne , but is cōtent for the good of others to depart from it owne libertie , though we could ( which indeed we cannot ) vse recreation without the hinderance of God his worship ; yet we should not vse it being a griefe to the godly , an offence to the weake ones , a matter of reioycing to the vngodly . It remaineth in the last place to shew , how the Sabbath is prophaned either in thought , in word , or in deed . For there is a difference betweene the not sanctifying , and the plaine prophaning of the Sabbath , in that the one is not altogether desirous to breake it , the ether hath no desire at all to keepe it . Neither is the Sabbath onely broken by prophanenesse , but also by idle workes , and not carefull keeping of it Some prophane the Sabbath by corrupt iudgement , as Heretikes : some by a corrupt life , as carnall professors ; the one a high malice of Satan , the other a dangerous deceit o● the diuell . When men too worldly minded , make the Lords day a day of riddance , a packing day , a counting day to make oddes euen with all men , but euen things odde with God. And it is the lamentable sinne of our age , to presse the Lords ordinance & appointed day with al relicks of law matters ; with the dregs of ancient quarrels , or new broched brawlings , with posting to Iustices ; not to be reconciled , but to be auenged , not to finish , but to re●iue controuersies , and to ●ub old iniuries vntill they bleed : so as that day that is sanctified & ordained for loue , is a day of hatred ; of a day of reconciliation , it is made a day of dissension ; and this cannot but proceed from a prophane stocke . Others as seeming more fauourable , though they make not this day a time of pāpering of the flesh ( which is a time of purging the flesh ) yet they make it a day of palpable darkenes , which should be a day of bright shining light : by hunting of beares , by haunting of playes , and such like , that if they begin the day in the spirit , they w●●l end in the flesh , receiuing some good motions in the morning ▪ they burie them in the euening , and giuing the Lord the forenoone , they recompence the diuell with the afternoone . Yea in some place the Lords day is the Diuels day , being fraught with so many fraies , stained with such filthie fornication , and burthened with the sinnes which their ordinarie callings on the weeke daies spue●out , in that on those daies they cannot bee frequented for want o● companie . Now whether we speake of the not sanctifying , or of the prophaning of the day , we affirme the Sabbath to be broken in thought , word and deede . For the whole law being spirituall , Rom. 7. and this being a principall part of that lawe , it must needes be that this precept , as well as the rest , taketh vp as well the inner as the outward man. Besides , it is a generall rule in the law , that whatsoeuer is vnlawfull to be done , the same is vnlawfull to be thought or spoken of : and looke in what measure the wicked actions of men are forbidden , in the same manner is the wicked affection and communication forbidden also . Many haue notwithstanding made such proceedings in sinne , that when they should reckon with their soules , they reckon with their seruants , and when they should make euen with their consciences , they strike euen with their chapmen , and yet perswade themselues of small breach of the Sabbath , because ( as they say ) they do but speake a little with their tongue , and scribble with their pennes . Then wee must knowe , that as what we may doe , that we may talke of : so what we may not doe , that may we not talke of . Wherefore laying aside our filthie songs , our table talke of worldly matters , our carnal deuices and worldly compasses , which we are fetching in our thoughts , whilest wee sit in the congregation , our priuie discourses of our successe in our callings , and our politike disposing of our weeke following ; all which shut out of the doores better things , and ouerquel the vigour of good things . Wherefore as the nourishing of ill thoughts is at all times vnseasonable : so to harbour them on this day is most abominable . Many will temper their tongues , and stay their hands , but yet will giue some libertie to their hearts : as though the Lord condemned not as well the hypocrisie of the one , as the wickednesse of the other . Now we must remember to euery generall poynt to ioyne our particular practise , that we may obtaine the blessings laid vp for the obedient , and auoide the curses laid vp for the disobedient : which the Lord assist vs in , for Christ his sake our Lord and onely Sauiour . Amen . FINIS . NOTES OF OVR SALVATION . LIkewise these be true notes of our saluation , when we search the Scriptures , in them to finde Christ , and in him eternall life , as men search for siluer and gold , Prouerb . 2. 4. 2 When wee esteeme the word of God more than our appointed foode , Iob. chap. 23. vers . 12. and couet so to bee fedde with it that wee may grow thereby , 1. Pet. 2. ver . 1. 2. 3. 3 When wee are swift to heare , slow to speake , and slow to wrath , laying apart all mailciousnesse , and the ex●rements of sinne , and receiue with meekenesse the word that is grafted into vs , that it may saue our soules , I am . 1. vers . 21. and obey from the heart vnto the forme of doctrine whereunto we are deliuered . Rom. 6. 17. 4. When we meditate in it day and night , Iosua 1. Psalme 1. 2. desiring that all our actions , words and thoughts may be directed by it . Psal 1. and 119. 5 If wee long after the holy assemblies , Psal. 84. Psal. 122. 1. and make the Sabbath our delight , Esay . 58. 6 When the Ministers are most deare vnto vs , Act. 10. 16. Rom. 10. 15. and wee most ioyfully minister vnto them in all our goods , Gal. 6. The necessitie of an vpright heart is thus by these consequents thereof proued . 1 WIthout it wee cannot assure our selues to be iustified and sanctified in Christ Iesus , Psal. 32. 2. Heb. 10. 22. 2 Without it wee cannot assure our selues , that we haue truly repented vs of our sinnes , Ioel. 2. 12. Ezech. 18. 22. 23. 3 Without it we cannot assure our selues that our waies doe please God , Psalme 119. vers . 1. 5. 10. 11. 80. 4 Without it we cannot heare Gods word fruitfully , Luk. 8. vers . 12. 16. 5 Without it we cannot pray vnto God acceptably . 1. Tim. 2. 8. Psalm . 119 58. and 145. and 66. 18. 6 Without it wee cannot be assured that we are truly baptized . 1. Pet. 3. 21. Matth. 3 ▪ 8. Rom 2 29. 7 Without it wee cannot receiue the Sacrament of the Lords Supper to our comfort . 2. Chron. 30. 18. 19 Psal 4 ▪ 45. 8 Without it we cannot fast Dan ▪ 10. 12. 9 Without it wee cannot worship God at all truly . 1. Ioh. 4. 24. Esay . 29. 13. Psalm . 15. 2. Psalme 24 4. 10 Without it wee shall neuer see God. Matth. 5. 8. Blessed are the pure in heart , for they shall see God. Psal. 15 , 2. and 24. 4. 11 Without it wee shall neuer receiue blessing from God , but looke for confusion and destruction . Psal. 125. vers . 4. 5. Psal 119. vers . 6. and Psal. 80 Psal. 7. vers . 10. Notes of a true and vpright heart . 1 WHen wee are perswaded that God the Father , by the blood of Iesus Christ , and the working of the holie spirit doth cleanse vs from our sinnes . 2 When wee are perswaded that the spirit proceeding from the Father and the Sonne , doth by the word thus cleanse vs , and therefore make conscience of all things in the said word , without respect vnto mans aduice , counsell or commaundement , without the same or contrarie to the same word of God ▪ Respecting , I say , all the Commandements of God , without preferring one before another , labouring to know them , if we doe not : and if wee doe , to doe after them according to the measure of grace we haue receiued . 3 When we are truly desirous , and labour to auoide all the outward occasions which might either bring on , foster , or bring vs backe to any sinne wee haue fallen into , or may fall into hereafter . 4 When we mourne for the very first motions of sinne whereunto we haue yeelded , or we feare we may yeeld vnto hereafter . 5 When wee are desirous and labour to vse all and euery of those meanes , which God hath ordained in his word to bring vs vnto puritie of heart . 6 When we do all those former things as well secretly by our selues , as before others . 7 When in doing these things wee simply and singly seeke to approue our selues vnto God , without either looking for praise or profit , rebuke or losse from men , not seeking chiefly these outward things at Gods hands : but principally his kingdome and the righteousnesse thereof . Matth. 6. FINIS . A PROFITABLE TREATISE CONTAINING A DIRECTION FOR THE READING AND VNDERSTANDING OF THE HOLY SCRIPTVRES : BY MAISTER Greeneham . THose things which God hath ioyned together , no man may seuer a sunder . Therefore preaching and reading of the holy Scriptures being of God ioyned together in the worke of our saluation , may not be seuered asunder . In all Sciences , Arts and Trades , teachers and maisters are requisite ordinarily for the sound learning and practising of them : we must be perswaded much more that it is necessary to haue guides to goe before vs in the way to saluation . That preaching is the most principall meanes to increase and beget faith and repentance in Gods people , must be granted , Deuteron . 18. 18. 33. 10. Leuit. 10. 11. Mal. 2. 6. 7. 2. Chron. 36. 15. Esay . 50. 5. 57 8. 53. 1. 55. 10. 11. 57. 19. 58. 1. 61. 1. 62. 15. 6. 7. Mat. 13. 3. 28. 19. 20. Ephes. 4. 11. 12. 13. 14 Rom , 10. 14. 15. 1. Cor. 1. 21. 1. Pet. 1. 23. 25. And where this ordinarie meanes of saluation faileth , the people for the most part perish : Prou. 29. 18. Hos. 4. 6. 2. Chro. 15. 13. Esay . 56 9. Matth. 15. 14 Luk. 11. 52. But that the reading of the Scriptures publikely in the Church of God , and priuately by our selues , is a speciall and ordinarie meane , if not to beget , yet to increase faith in vs , it is likewise proued , Deut. 6. 6 11. 18. Psal. 1. 2. Ioh. 5. 39. Mat. 14. 15. Rom. 15 14. 2. Pet. 1. 19. Nehem. 88. Act. 13. 15. 15. 21. The manifold fruite which comes of the reading of the Scriptures proue the same . Reading rather establisheth than derogateth from preaching ▪ for none can be profitable hearers of preaching , that haue not been trained vp in reading the Scriptures , or hearing them read . Many inconueniences come from the neglect of reading , as that the people cannot tell when a sentence is alleadged out of the Canonicall Scriptures , when out of the Apocrypha , when out of the Scriptures , when out of other writers , that they cannot discerne when he speaketh his owne , or a sentence of the Scripture . Againe , reading helpeth mens iudgements , memories and affections , but especially it serueth for the confirmation of our faith : which may be prooued by the example of the men of Beroea , Act. 17. 13. It serueth to discerne the spirits of men , 1. Ioh. 4. to make soūder confession of our faith , to stop the mouthes of our aduersaries , and to answere the temptations of Sathan and the wicked . But because men sinne , not onely in neglect of hearing and reading , but also in hearing and reading amisse : therefore the properties of reuerent & faithfull reading and hearing , are to be set downe , which are these that follow : they be eight in number . 1. Diligence . 2. Wisedome . 3. Preparation . 4. Meditation . 5. Conference . 6. Faith. 7. Practise . 8. Prayer . The three first goe before reading and preaching . The foure next come after them . The last must goe before , and be with them , and come after them . 1 If diligence be necessarie in reading prophane authors , then much more in reading the Scriptures . Diligence maketh a rough way plaine and easie , and of good taste , which otherwise is hard and vnfauourie . In our diligence we must keepe an euen course , and not to be like those who vpon some sudden good motion , or by reason of some good companie , or by reason of some good action draw neere , or for feare of danger , &c. reade for a time , and soone after giue ouer againe . Reade Prou. 2. 12. Matth. 13. 54. 2 With diligence must be ioyned wisedome , which is in choise of Matter . Order . Time. For want of wisedome in the matter they reade , many sinne in studying other bookes before the Scriptures , and in the Scriptures in searching things not reuealed , and pretermitting things reuealed , as Iohn and Iames sought who should sit at Christs right hand , and left hand : but they sought not to come thither . And the Disciples said , Act. 1. Wilt thou at this time restore the kingdome to Israel ? not asking the meanes to come to the kingdome of heauen . And in things reuealed many will curiously and busily search for things not profitable , as genealogies , and caresly neglect the things that are to be searched . And some ignorant how to reforme themselues , will be talking of reforming the Church . And if the Preacher must giue milke to the weake , and stronger meate to the stronger Christians : if he must thus applie his doctrine to the hearers , then much more the hearers themselues must applie their owne reading to their owne capacities . Wisedome is in order : as that men must be first grounded in the principall points of doctrine : first we must lay the foundation and build vpon the same : also we must keep an order in our readings , and not be now in this place , now in another : for order is the best helpe for memorie and vnderstanding : he that readeth little after a good manner , profiteth more than he that readeth much otherwise : as he that ●impeth in the way , doth better than he that runneth in another way , or out of the way . Therefore for want of order many reade much , but profit little . Wisedome must be vsed in discerning the times : for we must not reade alwaies , and doe nothing else , as some offending in the one extreame , are after driuen by Sathan to the other . The Sabbath is wholy to be spent in such exercises : on other daies , in the morning , at noone , and in the euening , that is , when we may redeeme the day from the workes of our calling , as Dauid and Daniel did pray at these three times , vnder which is contained all the worship of God. Wee must doe as much as we can euery day , and no day must passe without a line . God hath made euery thing beautifull in his time , Ecclesiast . 3. vers 11. 3 Preparation followeth : If any man goe away without any profit , and either vnderstandeth not , or vnderstandeth amisse , want of preparation is the cause . Preparation is 1 In feare of God his Maiestie . 2 In faith in Iesus Christ. 3 In a good and honest heart , with a greedie desire to eate vp Gods word . In all apparitions God alwaies sent feare before , as his apparitor , it ingendreth teachablenesse , and meekenesse of minde , as we see in Isaac , who ( as it is said ) feared , and then he said , I haue blessed Iacob , and he shall be blessed . We see it also in the woman of Samaria , Ioh. 4. 7. and in the men Act. 2. From want of this reuerent feare , commeth all checking of God his word , and that men dare be so bold with it : but they that feare will be swift to heare , and slow to speake , Iames. 1. 19. and will lay vp his word in their heart , with the Virgin Mary . Though they vnderstand it not , though they kicke at the word and spurne against it , yet if God once teach them with his feare , then will they acknowledge it to be the blessed word of God. Feare commeth vpon men sometime they know not how : and if then they go to God , they shall finde some excellent blessing , either in hauing their vnderstanding inlightened , or some good affections put into them . This feare is in respect of God his Maiestie and our owne corruption , to correct the pride of reason , and to controll our affections : and experience will shew , that when our reason and affections are tamed by miserie , calamitie , sicknes , and inward griefe , then we are very teachable . And when men erre , then the pride of their reason is punished , as in heretikes and prophane persons ▪ Contrarily , God his good spirit resteth vpon the humble to cleere their vnderstandings : but they first crucifie their vnderstanding and affections , and offer them vp in a sacrifice to God. Faith in Christ is the second thing in this preparation , we must bring that with vs when we come to read , looking on him as on the Messiah , that must teach vs all things : he is the Lion of the tribe of Iuda , to whom it is giuen to open the booke of God. He opened the hearts of the Disciples going to Emaus . Preachers build hay and stubble , because they doe not onely glory in him , but doe seeke credit and preferment by preaching themselues . All heretikes differ among themselues , yet they all agree in this that they e●●e from Iesus Christ. A heart prepared to learne is required , Pro. 17. 16. Wherefore is there a price in the heart of a foole to get wisedome , and he hath no heart ▪ Our Lord Iesus Christ saith , that those that brought forth fruit ( when they had heard ) some thirtie , some sixtie , some an hundred fold , they were such as receiued the word with a good and honest heart , Luc. 8. Here saith a godly and learned man , men are shut out because they come without a heart Now follow the properties that must follow our readings : Whereof the first is meditation , the want of which makes men depart without fruit , though they reade or heate diligently . Meditation makes that which we haue read to be our owne . He is blessed which meaitates in the law , day and night . Psal. 1. 2. Meditation is either of the Minde and vnderstanding . Heart and affections . Meditation of the vnderstanding , is when reason discourseth of things read , or heard , which the wise of the Heathen call , the refining of iudgement , the life of learning . They that want this , how much soeuer they haue heard or read , yet shall they neuer haue sound and setled iudgement . And this is one cause why it is said , that the greatest Clerkes are not the wisest men . Meditation of the affections , is when hauing a thing in iudgement , we euer digest it and make it worke vpon our affections . It is continuall searching of our selues , and labouring to lay vp all things in the treasures of our hearts . The other will goe away except this be ioyned with it : for iudgement will away except we frame our affections vnto it . Meditation in iudgement goeth before : then this must follow , that we may be sound in iudgement before we either feare or cheere vp our hearts , least we haue false feares or false ioyes . Many are of sound iudgement , and yet haue not their hearts purged and touched : they can giue counsell to others , but cannot follow it themselues , because they ioyne not affection with iudgement . Meditation without reading is erroneous , and reading without meditation is barren . The next thing is conference . In naturall things man standeth in neede of helpe , then much more in spirituall things he standeth in neede of others . And as iron sharpneth iron : so one friend another , Pro. 27. And as two eyes see more , two eares heare more ▪ and two hands can doe more than one , so this is a speciall communion of Saints , & God hath promised , that when two or three are gathered together in his name , that he will be present with them by his spirit , as he was corporally with his Disciples going to Emaus . Conference is either with Ministers of God. Our equals . Or others . This rule must be kept , that conference with our equals must be of those things which we heard of our Ministers , as it must be kept also in meditation , which is a conference with our selues . We must for a time like babes hang at the mouthes of the Ministers , because we cannot runne before we goe : nay we cannot goe without a leader . No man may presume to vnderstand aboue that which is meet to vnderstand , but labour to vnderstand according to the measure of sobrietie , as God hath dealt to euery one the measure of faith : and when they haue laid the foundation , then build the walles and pillars . The Eunuch would not interpret the word without a guide , but he laid it vp in his heart , as the Virgin Mary did . For want of true humilitie conference is slandered , because it is vsed after an euill manner , as before they be surely grounded in principall points of religion , to talke of other matters aboue their capacitie and knowledge . Secondly , we must come in loue without anger , enuie , or desire of victory : therefore in conference we must vse the preparation spoken of before : the want of which maketh much ●anglings and wranglings in companie . Lastly , we must procure things honest before men , that it may be done wisely , without confusion and destruction : and not by too great a multitude , that we may affoord our doings before men ; not with the doores shut , least any man should heare . This is the difference betweene the conference of the godly and religious , and the conuen●cles of Heretikes . The next thing is faith : The word must be mixed with faith : Heb. 42. The word which they hear a profited them nothing , because it was not mixed with faith . But all haue not faith : therefore the Prophet Esay said , Lord who will beleeue our report ? And Luke 18. 18. Suppose ye that the Sonne of man when he commeth shall finde faith on the earth ? All the former must be vsed to refine faith : for as gold before it be pure is seuen fold tried in the fire , so faith which is much more precious than gold , must goe through all these meanes . Faith here is an increase of all that in * preparation . A Merchant must haue something before he be a Marchant , but he occupieth to increase and get more : so we must beleeue in Iesus Christ by a generall faith going before : but we must vse all the forenamed meanes to increase our knowledge and faith in all particulars . One may be a faithfull person generally , and yet an vnbeleeuer in particulars . As Christs Disciples to whom he said , If ●● had faith but as much as a graine of mustard seed , &c. As Abraham , Rebecca , and Zacharie had . There is a difference betweene faith and opinion or knowledge : for our knowledge and opinions vanish away in afflictions : but as golde is tried in the fire , so faith will abide the fire of affliction . Sathan winowed Peter , but his faith failed not : for Christ failed not , for Christ praied for him , and for his Disciples , and for all beleeuers , that their faith should not faile . Next followeth practise : That we haue a desire that the word may bring forth increase of faith and repentance , Psal. 119 98. By thy commandements thou hast made me wiser than my enemies , for they are ●●●● with me . The practise of Infidels is nothing , because it is not ioyned with faith . But Christ saith , Blessed are they which heare and doe . And so saith Iame● , that this is that assureth vs that we haue faith . He that doth this , is compared vnto him that buildeth his house vpon a rocke , and our workes are not the foundation of the house , but then we haue builded vpon Christ when we ioyne the fruits of our faith with knowledge , they will speake for vs to our consciences , and to others . Our Sauiour Christ saith , That that seruant that knoweth the will of his maister and doth it not , shall be beaten with many stripes : for it is worse to offend of knowledge than of ignorance . And why should he giue vs any more , if we practise not that we haue ? For to him that hath shall be giuen , but from him that hath not shall be taken away , &c. Why do many hearing the word , either continue or increase in their blindnes , but because they would not practise that they knew , and also euen that they had is taken from them ? If a good conscience be not ioyned with faith , faith shall be taken away and errors succeed . If then we be forgetfull , we must confesse that the want of practise is the cause thereof . The rule of reason in all things is , that the best way of learning is by practise : then how much more if we practise will God increase our talents ? The last thing is praier , which must be vsed both in the beginning , in the middle , and in the end . Prayer must be in all the former meanes : for without it we can neuer vse them , nor haue any blessing by them . Prayer containeth vnder it , Prayer . Thankesgiuing . For prayer , that it must be vsed when wee reade , it is plaine , 1. Cor. 2. The eye hath not seene , &c. meaning not onely the ioyes contained in the kingdome of heauen , but euen those that are contained in the word . And againe in the same place , As no man knoweth the heart of a man , but the spirit of man : so no man knoweth the meaning of the Lord in his word , except God giue him his spirit to declare it vnto him . And if we must pray when we come to our meate and drinke , that God may giue nourishment to vs by them , then how much more must we pray God to nourish vs by his word : for else we cannot profit thereby ; And as no man dare touch meate and drinke before he pray , and we haue no title to it before it be sanctified to vs by prayer : how impudent are they that dare touch Gods booke without prayer , or thinke that otherwise they haue title vnto it ? Paul may plant , and Apollo may water , but God giueth the encrease : so if any be senselesse still , and yet haue heard long , it is because God hath not reuealed his wil vnto them . Men may be diligent , yet they shall erre if God giue not his spirit : and though they meditate and conferre , yet they shall be punished for ▪ giuing libertie to their rouing braine and to their tongue , except they pray for Gods spirit . Many rest in knowledge , and want faith , because they want prayer : and wee rest in knowledge , and neuer practise , because wee pray not to God to write his law in our hearts by his spirit , that now , not wee , but he may worke in vs. They that take any thing in hand without prayer , howsoeuer they say they abhorre Poperie , yet they practise it , because they take vpon them to haue some power in themselues . For thanksgiuing , if we be bound to praise God whē he hath fed our bodies , how much more when he hath fed our soules ? And shall God be iustly offended with vs , if we thanke him not for our refreshing , with meates , sleepe , & c ? and shall wee not tremble for feare of reuenge , if we haue not praised God for any light , or any good motion that he hath put into vs ? For want hereof , ●fter some lightning followeth some darkenes , and after much feeling commeth deadnes : and by this meanes Satan goeth about to take all Gods graces from vs. Dauid saith , Blessed art thou Lord , O teach me thy statutes . This sheweth that wee must euer praise God before we come to reade . Many are feruent in asking , but cold in giuing thankes . And if we would giue thankes to God , it would much ease vs in asking , and God would not punish vs in taking his graces from vs. FINIS . A TREATISE OF THE RESVRRECTION Psalm . 16. 10. For thou wilt not leaue my soule in the graue : neither wilt thou suffer thine holy one to see corruption . Philip. 3. 20. Our conuersation is in heauen , from whence also we looke for the Sauiour , euen the Lord Iesus Christ. Vers. 21. Who shall change our vile bodies , that it may bee fashioned like vnto his glorious bodie , according to the working , whereby hee is able euen to subdue all things vnto himselfe . ARe wee perswaded with the Prophet of God Psalm . 16. that wee shall bee raised and freed from corruption ? that our death is a sleepe , our graue as a bedde ? and that , that God , that raiseth the Sunne daily out of his denne , will drawe vs also out of the earth ? then haue we true faith , which vndoubtedly wee shall finde more strong , if long before death come , wee would exercise our selues with the meditations of death . Many wee see by deferring all vnto the last ende , die heathenishly ; many , who would seeme to haue more heroicall spirits , desire vnnaturally to dye , not that they are surcharged with the burthen of their rebellion and corruption , but because as beasts , they neither can reioyce in things in heauen , nor feare the paines in hell . These are more drowsie and senselesse beasts , than those , who are more loth to depart , in whom appeareth more nature , and some conscience ; but the other degenerating from nature , are a farre more monstrous and daungerous kinde of people . Howbeit the common sort of people commend this kinde of death , they say thus , he departed as meekely as a lambe , he went out of the world as a bird goeth out of the shell , he died very quietly neuer speaking a word ; nay they might say more truly , he died beastlike , he gaue no token of repentance , in acknowledging his sinnes , he shewed no fruite of faith how he was saued in Christ , he gaue no testimonie of his hope in witnessing a ioyfull resurrection , and chaunging to a better life . Thus wee see , how readie wee are to extreames , either fearing death too much , or fearing it too little . Well , if wee will be rid of that feare in excesse , behold here is a remedie : My flesh doth rest in hope , for thou wilt not leaue my soule in graue . But there are othersome , who can yeeld quietly to death also ; what is their reason ? what is their faith ? forsooth they say , they must pay that willingly , which is due of necessitie ; and seeing they owe God a death , they had as lieue die at first , as at last , when the debt is payed , it can bee no more required . It is farre otherwise with the children of God , who of all others haue the greatest preferment by death , yet hauing tasted of the land of the liuing euen in this life , cannot satisfie themselues in the multitude of many dayes with the sweete s●ppe thereof , vntill their measure be brimme full . Then they dying in the ripenes of yeeres , and in the fulnesse of dayes , are gathered in their due time into the Lord his barne , as a ricke of corne . Then they hauing fought a good battaile , runne their full race , and kept a true faith , can with ioy in Christ looke for the crowne of glorie which is prepared for them . To this wholesome meditation and fore-thinking of death , the daily mortalitie and dropping away of others ought to stirre vs vp . For wee see many round about vs of the same complexions , of the same age that we are of , breathing , of the same aire , vsing the same diet which wee doe , who goe before vs , and are gleaned from those miserable calamities , which our long contempt of the word hath threatned to fall vpon vs. Let vs labour then to lay vp our flesh in hope , that our departure from hence , may be as the sailing ouer the Seas ; as the trauailing of a woman ; as a deliuerie out of prison , and a returning from exile . Certainly a man is neuer more tried to be a Christian , than in contemning death : for Heretikes concerning other things , may haue as great gifts as other professors , but in death they will bewray their hypocrisie , either in murmuring as dogs , or in vnsensiblenes as blockes . But in Christians there appeareth such an heroicall alacritie , tempered with so gratious humilitie , that they desire not to liue , but to keepe a good conscience ; they refuse not to die for nothing , but for hope of a more happie inheritance . It may be , that others , as we said , may shew some cheerefull countenance to die , but it either proceedeth of some phrensie vnaduisedly , or of rashnesse especially , or of numnesse carelesly . Neither would I haue any to accelerate their death , or to reade mee as some haue read Plato , that thereby they should hasten the time of their deliuerance ; but that wee should learne , when God doth becke for vs , wee should bee readie to remoue ; and that for none other causes , but for faith , and in hope of Gods promises ; a full feeling of our sinnes discharged ; a sure confidence of God his power in raising vs vp againe ; and a stedfast hope of a more glorious possession after this life . By these meanes wee shall so rest in the hands of God , that when nature decaieth , wee shall haue our departure with calmnes , and in a good time shall through a naturall ripenes rather voluntarily fall of , than violently bee pulled off . Wherefore wee see that this rash and vndiscreete desire off death , is either in mindes that are abiect , or in men , in whose flesh their spirits are alreadie buried : as also that the triumph of the godly proceedeth from hence , euen a full assurance , that he which raised them vp euery morning will raise them in the last day ; and that hee which raised Christ their head , will also raise them his members . This is that which will stay all quiuering of the flesh , wherewith many are so benummed , that they cannot with gladnes drinke of that cup whereunto the Lord allotted them . If euer this doctrine of the resurrectiō was needfull , it is now adaies most needfull , wherein wicked Heretikes would depriue vs of the comfort of it . It will not serue in the time of temptation , whether it come immediatly from the diuell , or med●●tly by his instruments , to rest in our infolded faith with the Papists , or to say wee beleeue as it is in the Creede , wee beleeue as the Church beleeueth . But to leaue the diuell himselfe , hee hath suborned such priuie and treacherous aduersaries of this doctrine , as with impudent faces will agree with vs in matter , and in word will graunt the resurrection ; and yet shift away in their manner , and in sense and truth blasphemously denie the power of the same . Thus Hymineus and Philetus would not flatly denie the resurrection , nay they would graunt it , but how ? they saide it was past . Thus cunningly Satan would ouerthrow the manner of the resurrection , by permitting them to dally in the matter . Againe , shall wee thinke that the Sadduces did generally resist it ? no : they had their false glosses , and their forced interpretations , with whom Satan in policie would pretend a maintaining of that , which in purpose hee sought to mangle and marre . The Philosophers had many glancing and glorious speeches of the immortalitie of the soule ; but when they came to this point , concerning the rising againe of the flesh , nothing was more ridiculous and incredible vnto them . In so much that many of them , of the Epicures and Stoikes , mocked Paul disputing of this matter , and said , What will this babbler say , as wee may reade Act. 17. verse . 18. And when hee spake of the resurrection from the dead , some mocked , and others said , we will heare thee againe ●f this matter . Surely if the rising againe had been nothing , but the renewing of the minde , as some fondly dreame and falsely affirme , it may bee thought , that the Academicks would haue conceiued this doctrine , and Platoesidaea hath as great secrets . But here is the point which they sticke at , and can by no meanes digest it , that the naturall bodie , after it is consumed into the ayre , fire , water , or earth , should afterward reuiue , and receiue supernaturall qualities : and as Philosophers and Heretikes cannot brooke this kinde of teaching , so sure it is , that few of the common professors receiue it in truth , as their liues doe manifestly proue . Besides , there is another euill more perillous than these . Through the close subtiltie of Satan this mysterie of iniquitie is cunningly conueyed into the heads of the more learned sort , to discourse of certane places of the old Testament , which godly , learned , and ancient Fathers haue construed of the resurrection , and are denied of these men . As these places , Iob. 19. 25. 26. 27. and Esaj , 26 19. and Daniel , 12. 2. It may be , and I do thinke , their intent and purpose was not to misconstrue the places . Howbeit , it was Sathans policie to abuse the truth , and vndermine our faith : it was the secret iudgement of God to suffer Sathan so farre to buffet them . Wherefore that we may the better be armed against the day of triall , and that we may stand strongly in the day of temptation , in our possession ; we will by God his assistance , first set downe those expresse testimonies in the word of God : whereby this doctrine is confirmed . Secondly , we will alleage those reasons out of the Scriptures , which implie this thing , though they doe not plainely affirme it . Afterward wee will vn●ase the shifting visard of Heretikes , whereby they would counsell men to some liking of their opinions . Wherefore , that wee may the better answere the diuell and his limmes , let vs first consider of that translation of Enoch , Genes 5. 24. wherin the Fathers haue obserued a manifest testimonie of the resurrection : with whome I agree in part , but not in generall : because I dare not affirme with them , that the body of Enoch is in heauen , seeing as yet Christ alone is risen from the dead , and was made the first fruites of them that slept . And albeit that Enoch and Eliah did not fall asleepe as did the other Fathers , yet because it is saide , Hebr. 11. 39. that the Fathers in old time , among whom Enoch is mentioned , receiued not the promise , that is the fulnes of the promise , it cannot bee , that Enoch his flesh is yet in heauen . And howsoeuer hee was taken away by vnknowne meanes , neuerthelesse that GOD that could so hide the bodie of Moses , that euen the diuell looking for it could not finde it , hath also laid vp the bodies of Enoch and Eliah , in such meanes , a● are hid from vs. And as the Lord hath infinit meanes of hiding , so hath he incomprehensible means of finding as well of the bodie of Enoch , as of the bodie of Moses . Now whereas it is saide , Heb 11. 33. that they suffered that they may receiue a better resurrection , it must needes be that there is a rising againe of the flesh . Againe , we read Exod. 3 6. that the Lord said vnto Moses , I am the God of thy Fathers , the God of Isaac , and the God of Iacob . In which place it may seeme not a sufficient proofe to confirme so great a matter . Howbeit our Sauiour CHRIST vseth it as a bulwarke against the Sadduces , Matth 22 32. where our Sauiour Christ to prooue the resurrection , inferreth the same words , adding to them thus much , God is not the God of the dead , but of the liuing : where wee see how Abraham , Isaac , and Iacob being aliue , haue their bodies in the Lord his hands in keeeping , as well as their soules . Wherefore seeing both the Prophets and Christ himselfe haue vsed this place to that ende , wee also may safely vse it to proue the Resurrection . It is said moreouer , Iob. 19 25. I am sure that my Redeemer liueth , and hee shall stand the last on the earth . 26. And though after my skinne , wormes destroy this bodie , yet shall I see GOD in my flesh . 27. Whome my selfe shall see , and mine eyes shall beholde , and none ot●er for mee , though my reines are consumed within mee . This place the very Heretikes will grant after a fashion , that is , with a most wicked minde , vnderstanding it onely of that rising againe vnto sanctification , which is in this life . Others there bee , which are of a reuerent iudgement in other things , who expound this of the renewing and restoring of his flesh to freshnes and soundnes , after that it was corrupted with sores , and eaten with cankers . But ▪ admitte it were so , which in truth cannot beare that exposition ; how could hee haue belieued that ? but that hee , being perswaded that God , who when his bodie should wholly bee resolued into corruption , would raise it to a more glorious perfection , could much more ▪ restore soundnes to his bodie now , whilst this corruption was but in part on him ? How could hee doe it ? but by hope in the power of GOD , which with greater case could renewe his flesh and bones , beeing but corrupted , than reuiue the same being altogether dead ▪ and throughly consumed ? as we reade , Ezech. 37 ▪ 5. 6. wherein is set downe a notable type of this rising againe . 5. Thus saith the Lord , vnto these bones : Behold I will cause breath to enter into you , and ye shall liue . 6. And I will lay sinewes vpon you , and make flesh grow vpon you , and couer you with skinne , and put breath in you , that ye may liue , and ye shall knowe that I am the Lord. True it is , that the chiefe purpose of the Holy Ghost is , to foreshewe the bringing againe of the people out of captiuitie , howbeit vnder a most excellent figure of the rising and restoring of the flesh in the last day . So that the place importeth thus much : if the Lord could restore sinewes , flesh , skinne , breath , and life to rotten bones ; much more hee could restore the Israelites to their countrie . The same sense may be applied to that , Esay . 26. 19. Thy dead men shall liue : euen with my bodie shall they rise . Awake and sing yee that dwell in dust : for thy dewe is as the dew of hearbs : and the earth shall cast out the dead . In which place is signified thus much : As hearbes in time of winter seeme dead , and yet in the spring time sprout againe , by reason of that sappe , that lay hidden in the roote ; and as the bodies of the faithfull seeme vtterly to perish , when they are in the earth , and yet in the last day shall rise againe , through that seede which is giuen in Christ : euen so the Israelites , who in time of their banishment , seemed to die as winter hearbes , and to perish as dead bodies , should bee brought home againe , and restored to their former libertie . Which place could not but shew the returne of the people vnder the type of the resurrectiō , in that the Prophet saith , Euen with this bodie shall they rise . Notable is that place , Daniel 12. 2. Many of them that sleepe in the dust of the earth , shall awake , some to euerlasting life , and some to perpetuall shame and contempt . Whereunto agreeth that saying of our Sauiour Christ , Ioh. 5. 28. Maruaile not at this : for the houre shall come , in which all that are in the graues , shall heare his voyce . 29. And they shall come foorth that haue done good , vnto the resurrection of life : but they that haue done euill , to the resurrection of condemnation . Now whē we shall see that there is nothing more cleere of the doctrine of faith , contained in the new Testament , than that of the resurrection , and that there is no new doctrine in the same , but it is also in the old Testament ; although indeede that is more manifestly , and in more perfect beautie set down by the Prince of Prophets , than by the Prophets his forerunners ; what shall wee say there is in the new Testament not proued in some measure alreadie in the old ? The Iewes beleeued no one article more , than that of the resurrection , as may appeare by that readie answere of Martha , Ioh , 12 24. at what time our Sauiour Christ came to raise vp Lazarus her brother : for hee saying vnto her in the verse going before , Thy brother shall rise againe , by and by she answered : I know that he shall rise againe in the resurrection of the last day . Again , we reade Act. 23. 8. that the Pharisies confessed the resurrection . Now it is knowne , that the faith of the Iewes was grounded on the word , which as yet was onely in the administration of the old Testament , and not in the new : for as yet it was not extant , or in no credit at the least with them : wherefore seeing not onely the primitiue Church hath beleeued herein , by the euident light of the new Testament , and the Iewes before beleeued it by the light of the old , it is manifest , that the doctrine of the resurrectiō is proued in the old : and among many places , this of our Psalme is not the least , where it is said , Thou shalt not leaue my soule in graue , nor suffer thine holy one to see corruption . By soule , we must vnderstād , he meaneth his natural life , as it is taken in the Scripture , 1. Cor. 15. 45. where the Apostle borrowing his speech from the second chapter of Genesis and seuenth verse saith , The first man Adam was made a liuing soule : and the last Adam was made a quickening spirit . The reason why hee prooued the rising againe of his flesh , is here drawne from the power of our Sauiour Christ , of whom these wordes are meant , Thou wilt not suffer thine holie one to see corruption , as both Peter in his notable Sermon , Act , 2. and Paul Act. 23. doe plainly affirme : for the Apostle saith , that Dauid was buried , and sawe corruption , and therefore he spake not this of himselfe , but of Christ his head , in whom was found no qualitie of corruption at all : so that Dauid as a member of Christ , gathered this by the eye of faith , that there should come an holie one out of his loines , who by his owne mightie power should raise vp his owne bodie from seeing any corruption , and by the same power should also raise his bodie , which should see corruption , that it might rest with his , and be made like his , as we may reade , Philip. 3. 20. Our conuersation is in heauen , from whence wee looke for the Sauiour , euen the Lord Iesus Christ. 21. Who shall chaunge our vile bodies , that they may be fashioned like to his glorious bo●ie according to the working , whereby he is able euen to subdue all things vnto himselfe . So that the Prophet looketh for a resurrection of the flesh , after it shall bee corrupted , contrarie to the heretiqu●s , who dreame of a spirituall resurrection from sinne , which by no meanes can be vnderstood of Christ , in whom was no sinne , and therefore no rising from sinne . And thus much for the places of the old testament , now we will alleage those places of the new . First , let vs consider of the words wherewith our Sauiour Christ confu●eth the Sadduces : Math. 22. 32. I am the God of Abraham , of Isaac and of Iacob . God cannot be sayd to be the God of Abraham being dead , except he raise his body againe , which he hath in keeping , as well as his soule . For he saith not I am the God of Abrahams soule , but I am the God of Abraham , the God of his whole man : wherefore it must needes be that Abraham must rise againe . M●t. 25. 31. When the Sonne of man commeth in his glorie , and all the holy Angels with him , then shall hee sit vpon the throne of his glorie . Likewise Luke 14. 13. When thou makest a feast , call the poore , the maymed , the l●me ▪ and the blinde , 14. And thou shalt be blessed , because they cannot recompense thee , for thou shalt be recompensed at the resurrection of the iust As if our Sauiour Christ should say , although thou maiest think , that all the things thus giuen are lost here , yet there commeth a time when thou shalt reape the recompence plentifully , and haue thy reward with the iust , Ioh. 5. 28. 29 The Lord sheweth the resurrection of both estates and willeth them not to maruell , that he should raise their soules to life , which would raise their bodies from death . ●8 . Marueil● not at this , saith he , for the houre shall come , i. the which all that are in the graues shall heare the voyce of the Sonne of man. ●9 . And they so●ll come forth that haue ●●● : good , vnto the resurrection of life , but they that haue done euill , vnto the resurrection of condemnation . Ioh. 11. Martha ( as we shewed before ) plainely testifieth of the resurrection , and confesseth her faith therein . Act. 3. 19. The Apostle Peter calleth this rising againe , the time of refreshing : a thing most comfortable ; for as the wearisome way sa●ing man recreateth himselfe with his Inne at night ; so the godly shall surely , after their troubles bee renewed and refreshed at the presence of Christ. Act. ●3 . 6. Paul sheweth to the Pharisies , how hee was accused of the hope and resurrection of the dead . And Act ●4 . 15. Paul protesteth his faith of the resurrection , that it should bee both of the iust and the vniust , which thing wrought in him , as it ought to do in all , a carefull conscience of well doing : and therefore he addeth in the verse following . 16. And herein I indeuour my selfe , to haue alway a cleere conscience toward God , and toward men . What is more largely proued and confirmed than this , 1. Cor. 15. 10. in the whole chapter throughout ? Besides , 2. Cor. 5 10. Wee must all appeare before the iudgement seat of Christ , saith the Apostle , that euery one may receiue the thi●gs that are done in his bodie , according to that he hath done , whether it be good or euill . Philip. 3. 21. it is said , that Christ shall change our vile bodies , the place is set downe before . The manner and end of this resurrection is also set downe , 1. Thes. 4. 14. 15. 16. 17. If wee beleiue ( saith Paul ) that Iesus is dead and is risen , euen so them which sleepe in Iesus , will God bring with him . 15. For this say wee vnto you by the word of the Lord , that wee which liue , and are remaining to the comming of the Lord shall not preuent them which sleepe . 16. For the Lord himselfe shall descend from heauen with a shoute , &c. The Epistle to the Hebrues , chapter 11. painteth out the manifold martyrdomes of the saints , and sheweth how some were racked , and would not be deliuered , others were tried by mock● and scourgings , by bands and imprisonments , they were stoned , they were hewen in sunder , they were tempted and so forth , and why did they indure these things ? The Apostle telleth vs , verse . 35. That they might receiue a better resurrection , than any deliuerance they could haue here . Againe , verse . 39. These obtained not the promise , that is , not the accomplishment of the promises , verse . 40. Why ? God prouiding a better thing for vs , that they without vs should not be made perfect , for euen the first member of Christ dying many thousand yeers agoe , shal not receiue the fulnes of the promise , that is , in bodie and soule , vntill the last member be readie . But of all places most excellent are these , 2. Pet. 3. 10. The day of the Lord wil come as a theefe in the night , in the which the heauens shall passe away with a noyse : and the elements shall melt with heate , and Reue. 20. 11. And I sawe a greate white Throne , and one that sate on it , from whose face fled , both the earth and the heauen , and their place was no more found . 12. And I sawe the dead , both great and small , stand before God , &c. 13. And the Sea gaue vp her dead which were in her , and death and hell deliuered vp their dead ▪ which were in them . Now as we here haue receiued the trueth of the doctrine , so now let vs see into it further by reason : that as on the one side we cannot denie there is a resurrection , seeing the word doth confirme it , vnlesse we will depart from the faith , and denie the word : so on the other side , when we shall see , how these things are , we cannot withstand it euen with reason , vnlesse we be senselesse . The reasons therefore which we will vse , are partly drawne from God himselfe , partly from the order of nature , and from the creatures , & partly from the commodities , which accompanie the trueth of this doctrine , and from the inconueniences , which ensue the contrarie . Those proofes , which are drawn from the Lord himselfe , are to be considered , either in his owne person simply , or as we consider of him in his Mediatorship , and as the second person in the Trinitie . Concerning those things , which are in his owne person , we must obserue his trueth , his iustice , and his power : his trueth , because heauen and earth shall passe , but no title of his word shall faile ; and his promises in Christ Iesus are Yea and Amen . Wherefore , whatsoeuer the Lord hath set down● in his word to bee done , it must beare with vs that credit , that it is our part with Abraham to yeeld to it , though outward meanes seeme cleane contrary , and with Marie to beleeue it , although no visible meanes are apparant His iustice is so espoused to his trueth , that whatsoeuer we haue heard out of the word , the equitie of his iustice doth require both to the accomplishment of his promises in rewarding the godly , and the fulfilling of his threatnings in reuenging the vngodly . This we see Matth. 25. 33. where , by the rule of righteousnesse , he se●teth the sheepe on the right hand , and the goates on the left . Luk. 16. 23. it is set downe , how , the rich man being in hell torments , lifting vp his eyes , and seeing Lazarus a farre off in Abrahams bosome , cried , Father Abraham haue mercie vpon me , &c. But Abraham answering him according to the proportion of God his Iustice , said , ver . 25. Son , remember that thou in thy life time receiuedst pleasures ; and likewise Lazarus paines , now therefore he is comforted , and thou art tormented . To this effect , worthie to be obserued , is that place , 2 , Thess. 1. 6. it is a righteous thing with God to recompence tribulation to them that trouble you . 7. And to you which are troubled ; rest with vs , when the Lord Iesus shall shew himselfe from heauen , &c. Where we see , how it standeth with God his righteous iudgement and iustice , that his persecuted Church , and afflicted Saints , who in this world goe for nought , should in time bee refreshed with a recompence of glorie , and that their cruell persecutours being wanton in their sinnes , and triumphing in their crueltie ; should haue their crowne of shame and endles contempt in tormēts . The equitie of which iustice is in this , that seeing the wicked haue not onely dishonoured God in their soules , through all the fruites of reprobation , but also haue vsed the members of their bodies as instruments of sinne , & weapons of iniquitie , vnto the full number of sinnes ; so they should not onely suffer the vengeance of God in their soules , but also in their bodies : and as Gods graces haue shined , not onely in the soules of his Saints before him and his Angels , but also haue much beautified their bodies , and haue taken vp the members also as instruments of Gods glorie ; so the Lord will not onely aduance the soules of his , but also their bodies . If this were not , where were the fulfilling of God his promises ▪ where should be the executing of his threatnings ? for Abram , Isaac , Iacob , Lot , Ioseph , Iob , Dauid ; Esay , Ieremy , Daniel , & all the rest of the Patriarches , Prophets , Apostles , Martyrs , Confessors , & holy men and women , in the world were but as Pilgrimes , and desiring a better and heauenly Countrie , suffered in this world troubles , persecutions , trials and all manner of euill . Againe , the wicked prosper in their goods , bodies , wiues , children , they haue no bandes in their death , they are lustie and strong , they feele not the sores of Iob , nor the miseries of Ioseph , pride is a chaine vnto them , and crueltie couereth them as a garment , their eyes stand out for fatnesse , they haue more than heart can wish . So in this world the faithfull feele not the promises : the vnfaithfull feele not their punishments . It must needs be therefore by God his iustice , as it is certaine by his word , that seeing in this life the holy ones are not fully rewarded , nor the wicked ones fully reuenged , in the life to come the one should rise to heauenly io●es , the other should rise to hellish torments . And as we see , that there shall be a resurrection of the flesh , because the word hath said it , which is true , and iustice will put it in practise , because it doth require it ; so the power of God is able to performe whatsoeuer the word doth shew , or iustice doth desire to be done . It is not without great cause , that in the entrance of our Confession , wee acknowledge the Lord to bee almightie . For what were his mercie , or what were his iustice , if hee could not performe that with might , which he doth promise , nor bring to passe with power , that which he threatneth ? Howbeit when we say God is almightie , we giue to vnderstand , that hee can doe whatsoeuer he will doe . For true it is , he cannot faile in his trueth , he cannot alter the couenāt gone out of his mouth : what then ? is there any thing vnpossible to the Lord ? no : the Lord will doe what is good & can doe what he wil. Neither doth it any more derogate from God his almighty power , to say , he cannot lye ; than it doth extenuate the commendation of a mightie Captaine , to say , he cannot be conquered . This power of God is either seene in his Creation , or in his Prouidence , or Preseruation . In his Creation thus , if God our of nothing could draw out heauen and earth ; if out of the earth , which being a formele●se masse and sumpe , was by the spirite of God hatching ouer the waters brought a comely order ; if out of the darkenesse the Lord drew light ; if of the dust of the earth God made man , and out of his ribbe drew a woman : is it not as easie for him , drawing these and all other things out of nothing , to draw our flesh , being made , out of the earth , in which it was corrupted ? is it not as easie to draw a man out of the earth againe , as to make a man of the earth at first ? Is it not as easie , though rottennesse doth seeme to hinder the resurrectiō , to renew a body out of many bones , as out of one bone to frame a whole body ? Is not the Lord as able to restore the body , which he dissolueth into the elements , being made into it former fashion , as before it had any being , to tie the flesh together with sinewes , to conuey strength into the bones , and to beautifie all with a skin Let vs as well consider God his power , in reducing mens bodies into their former estate , as his mightie hande in vnloosing them . For as hee bringeth flesh to rottennesse , the rottennesse to wormes , the wormes to dust : so can he if he would reduce and bring backward the dust to the wormes , the wormes to a putrified matter , the putrifaction to flesh , the flesh to immortalitie . The prouidence of God doth teach vs herein , if we either consider of it in the course of nature , or in gouerning his Church . In the course of nature , as Esay 26. 19. Awake and sing , yee that aw●ll in the dust ▪ for the deaw is as the deaw of herbs , and the earth shall cast out her dead ▪ Here the Prophet sheweth ▪ that that God , that made Aarons rod to bad , and that draweth out liuely colours of dead flowers , and florishing branches out of withered hearbs , will also raise vs in our bodies to the brightnes of his glorie , which haue been laid in the filthines of the dust . Againe , 1. Cor. 15. 35. But some man will say , How are the dead raised vp ? & w●●● what bodie come they forth ? 36. O foole , that which thou sowest , is not quickened , except it di● ▪ 37. And that which thou sowest , thou sowest not that bodie , that shall be , but bare corne , as it fa●eth , of wheate , or of some other . 38. But God giueth a bodie at his pleasure , euen to euery seede his owne bodie , &c. See , the Lord calleth them fooles , that will not beleeue this . Can the Lord raise graine out of the earth , & will he not raise man out of the earth , for whose sake the graine is renewed ? Againe , shall we doubt , that he , who holdeth the waters in his fist , and swadleth the maine seas ( which in their own nature are aboue the earth ) that they should not passe their bounds , breake out of their bottels , cloysters , and chambers to ou●rflow all ; is vnable to drawe our bodies out of the dust ? Sure it is , that flesh and blood can hardly admit this doctrine ; and therefore we had neede to arme our selues with these and such like meditations . If we weigh more deeply the prouidence of God in his Church , either whilest it was more particular in one familie , or more general in moe , we shall haue our faith in this doctrine the more cōfirmed . For he who accomplished his promise made vnto Abraham , in blessing al the nations of the earth in his seede , euen when the ordinary course of nature was dead both in Abraham and Sarah , by bringing Isaac out of their loynes ; and fulfilled his couenāt vnto Dauid his seruant , in bringing Iesus into the wombe of Mary , whilest as yet shee knew no man , who was the promised seede to bruise the Serpents head : is no lesse able to take vs out of the drie wombe , and dead bowels of the earth , according to his promise ▪ Gen. 22. Abraham at God his commandement is readie to offer vp his sonne Isaac , in whom all the promises were to be accomplished , neither was he hindred by vnbeleefe : & why ? The Apostle saith , Heb. 11. 19. He considered , that God was able to raise him vp euen from the dead , from whence he receiued him also after a sort : neither would he tye the power of God to ordinarie meanes . Thus we see he ouercame all vnbeleefe by faith in the resurrection . What if we consider , how mightily the Lord restored and multiplied his Church , after he had ouerflowed the whole earth with water ? What if we call to minde the mightie preseruation of the Church , in deliuering them through the red sea , when the waters diuiding themselues stood as a wall on either side of the Israelites ? What if we consider how mightily the Lord cōducted his people safely thorough the wildernesse fortie yeeres , giuing them Manna from heauen , water out of the rocke , healing them that were stung of Serpents , with the beholding of a dead Serpent , and preseruing their apparell , that it was not worne in so long a time ? Shall we not thinke that the same God is able to raise the bodies of his Saints out of the earth ? It is recorded , 2. King. 4. 36. that Elisha , the man of God , restored to the Shunamite her sonne being dead : and 2. King. 13. 21. we reade that a dead man being cast into the sepulcher of Elisha , and touching his bones , reuiued , and stood vpon his feete . Did God thus confirme the doctrine of Elisha , and will he not much more confirme the doctrine of his deare Son ? Could Elisha by the power of God giue life vnto others , & shall not the Lord aduance his owne person in himselfe , at the last day ? Daniel 3. Shadrach , Meshach , and Abednego refusing to serue the false gods , and the golden Image , which Nebuchadnezzar had set vp , who might haue had policie to haue kept their faith to themselues , as our Familists do now adaies , were cast into the hot fiery furnace , and yet by beleefe in God were so preserued from it , that the fire had no power ouer their bodies , not an haire of their head was burnt , neither were their coates changed , nor any smell of fire came vpon them . Dan. 6. the Prophet of God refusing the commaundement of the King , was cast into the den of Lyons , who by faith obtained the Angel of the Lord to shut vp the Lyōs mouthes , that they could not hurt him . Ionah 2. we reade , how he being in the fishes bellie three daies and three nights , at the commaundement of the Lord was cast out vpon the drie land . Matth. 27. 52. it is said , that the graues did open themselues , and many bodies of the Saints that slept arose : 56. And came out of the graues after his resurrection , and went into the holy citie , and appeared vnto many . What shall we say of these things ; Did the fire , contrarie to it nature , cease to burne the bodies in it at the presence of an Angell , & will it not restore the bodies , being burnt , at the power of God & presence of Christ ? Did the Lyons spare the body from deuouring , and shall they not deliuer againe the bodies hauing deuoured them ? Can the Whale deliuer Ionah after three daies , and will not the sea surrender her dead ? Did the dead arise before their time , to shew Christ his passion , & shall they not arise at their time to appeare at his glorious comming ? Cannot that God , that made Angels to appeare in humane shape , make men appeare out of the earth in their owne shape ? And why did the Angels from heauen , the dead bodies from earth , so suddenly receiue that estate , and so suddenly lay it downe , but to shew , that their time of perfection was not yet come ? Now let vs see those reasons , which are drawn from God as he is our Mediatour , wherein we will consider certaine things done in his owne person , and things to be obserued in the meanes which leade vs vnto him . Luk. 8. 55. Our Sauiour Christ ariseth from death to life the daughter of Iairus . And which is a further degree , Luke . 7. 14 he reuiued the widowes some lying on the beare in a coffin readie to be buried . Nay , which yet is a further degree and more marueilous , Ioh. 11. 44. he raiseth Lazarus , ( Marthaes brother ) hauing been dead foure daies . Lastly , Matth. 26. he mightily raiseth himselfe , hauing beene dead three daies and three nights , and that without all qualitie of corruption . Who then dare doubt , vnder paine of damnation , that the same Iesus Christ can raise our mortal and corruptible bodies , or that he will not change our vile bodies , and make them like his glorious body , by tha● mightie power , whereby he is able to subdue all things vnto himselfe ? Behold Pilate sealeth the stone which couereth Christ in his buriall , armed men are prepared , and watchmen sit at the graue , neither could all these things keepe vnder the power of Christ from rising What then ? Forsooth ( which is most vnlike ) they inuented , that poore sillie soules came & stole him from the armed men . Well , he was seene first of Mary , then of certaine Disciples , afterward of moe than fiue hundred We see now his rising was corporall , it was no spirituall resurrection ; in what sort he rose , in like manner shall we rise also : but he rose in the flesh , then shall we rise in the flesh , and therefore not in the spirit alone , as our brainsicke heretikes imagine . Now he rose not for his owne cause , no more than he was purely borne , holily liued , and innocently dyed : all these things he did for vs , that we might be sanctified , that we might be iustified , that we might be glorified . Neither did he suffer in the bodie alone , but in the soule also : whereby he shewed , that he freed not the soule alone , but the bodie also , because the body as well as the soule was guiltie and punishable for sinne . He rose not in soule alone , but in bodie also , whereby he brought grace , and restored holines as well to the body as the soule , seeing both body and soule had lost the same by transgression . He ascēded not only in soule but in body also , because he would giue glorie to the body and the soule , seeing he had purchased them both . Wherefore it must needes follow that there shall be a resurrection of the flesh . For if by faith we are made bone of his bones , and by faith are made partakers of his flesh , Ioh. 6. and Christ did all these things in his body , the vertue whereof we must receiue from him : how should all this be , if there were no resurrection ? The meanes , whereby we come vnto Christ , require also that this should be so . First we know , the word pierceth our bodies , as well as our soules : for the eye is to see the Sacraments , the eare to heare , the tongue to speake the word , and the bodie hath it duties as well as the soule in receiuing and obeying of the word : and therefore the force and fruite of the word , shall as well be shewed on our bodies as on our soules . Likewise in offering our prayers we haue the vse both of the soule and bodie . For we lift vp pure hands , and kneele with our knees , we eleuate our eyes , we crie with our voyces , we prostrate our whole bodies : and therefore as God hath made both for his glory in this life , so hath he appointed to glorifie both in the life to come . Again , in the Sacraments there are actions of the body as well as of the soule , for the body is dipped into the water and taken out againe in the sacrament of Baptisme : and therefore if Baptisme be a token of our resurrection to grace , and that in bodie and soule , we are not to doubt , but that the bodie shall rise againe as well as the soule . In the Eucharist also we are solemnely occupied in both parts : for as the soule in beleeuing , so the eies in beholding the bread broken , and wine powred out , the eares in hearing the word , the hands in handling the outward elements , the mouth in tasting them , are deuoutly occupied : and therefore the fruite of it must appeare as well in the bodie , as in the soule . Now to proue this by other creatures of God ; the Angels desire this day , and the other creatures sigh and groane waiting when the Sonne of God shall be reuealed : the diuels feare it , and therfore they crie to our Sauiour Christ , Why persecutest thou vs before our time ? Againe , the very confusion , which is in things , sheweth that there is a time when they shall be brought into order againe , as they were created in order at the first . And man himselfe especially must looke for it , and cannot be without it , whether we looke to the manifold profits which come by it , or to the wonderfull inconueniences by the want of it . Why doe men endure the crosse so patiently ? why doe they abstaine from euill so carefully ? why do they follow that which is good so cheerefully , but that because they looke for a glorious resurrection , which is the full end of all God his promises , & without the which the most godly are most miserable , and the most wicked lesse vnhappie ? For if this were not , what sanctification would appeare , what sinne would not appeare , how few would be good , how many would be ill , how should God be dishonoured , how should good men be disinherited , who would care to worship God in their bodies , or who would make conscience to keepe their bodies from sinne ? FINIS . A TREATISE OF EXAMINATION BEFORE AND AFTER THE LORDS SVPPER . 1. Cor. 11. 28. Let a man therefore examine himselfe , and so let him eate of this bread , and drinke of this cuppe . THese words are ordinarie and well knowne : and they containe a sanction or decree , whereby the Apostle taketh order for euery mans examination before the participation of the mysterie of the Supper . And two things chiefely are to be stood vpon in these words . First , the necessitie of examination , and then the manner of it . For the first , it may seeme , speaking in the phrase of our teaching : Let a man examine himselfe , that it is but an aduising , or a counsell rather than a commaundement : yet in the originall tongue , the word runnes in that tearme that Princes Parliament lawes , and commaundements doe vse to runne in : the word , I say , is as much as if it were said : Be it enacted , be it decreed , or prouided ; so that the indifferencie in our tongue , in the originall seemeth a necessitie . Now albeit the commaundement ought to be of sufficient credite with vs , and we without all adoe to yeeld vnto it : yet hauing receiued it by faith , we are to enter into the reasons of this streight examination , and finde out the causes of the execution hereof . The reasons may be reduced into two heads : it standeth either vpon a great reuerence of the person with whom we are present , as we see men busilie prepare themselues when they are to come before some honourable personage : or beside the dignitie of the person , vpon the excellencie of the profit of the things receiued , in respect whereof we are also to prepare our selues , as in receiuing Physicke we prepare our selues that the prescript may more effectually worke vpon vs , so that for both these things we prepare our selues , and they both meete together in the Lord his Supper . For though we should not haue an eye at all to the profit , yet the very reuerence of the person with whom we sit , ought to make vs haue regard to this thing according to that rule , Prou. 23. 1. When thou sittest at meate with a ruler , consider diligently what is before thee , and prepare thy selfe well to sit at the table with such a man. Albeit Ioseph when Pharaoh sent for him , knew not why he was sent for , and thought little of that successe of his going which sell out afterward ; yet because he was to stand before a King , and because he was a miserable prisoner , he shaued his head and changed his raiment , to go to so high and royall a personage . The same is confirmed vnto vs in that parable , where we see that not only they are reiected which make excuses and refuse to come , but such also as hauing once been admitted , come vnprepared without their mariage garmēts to honour the mariage of the Kings Sonne , because they did not orderly addresse themselues . Therfore this table in the Church being but a representation of the table , whereat our hearts doe communicate in the kingdome of heauen , where is present not only the beloued spirits & hoast of Angels , but the glorious Trinitie , we are , I say in respect of God the Father , the Sonne , and the holie Ghost , and all the Court of heauen with great solemnitie to prepare our selues . But yet we ought to do it more , if we consider what great preparation hath been vsed in things inferiour to this in the law ; though then there were no commaundement for this , yet by right of proportion a most reuerent respect should be had thereof , & therefore we ought to yeeld vnto it . As for example , thus we are to thinke , that if it be eating of the Pascall Lambe ( which seale cōpared with this seale in the Gospel , there is no comparison indeed ) they were some daies before prepared : the same regard of reuerence should be had of vs in the participation of the Lords table , & so reasoning from the lesse to the greater , from the Law to the Gospel , from the passeouer to the Supper , it may be an argument vnto vs to prepare our selues thereunto . We need not stand long on this comparison , seeing a thing of lesse account , I meane the shew-bread , would not be giuen to Dauid without some stipulation , that is , without he were in some respects made fit to receiue it ; so that here we are gone a degree lower . But if we will go yet lower than this , come to the Arke it selfe , and see how he handled Vzzah , who put his vnprepared hands to the Ark , for which the Lord was so mightily displeased , that he slew him for it . Nay which is more , if we shall come downe to the very ground of Gods presence , where Moses could not appeare vntill his shooes were off : nay if we go to the snuffers and pannes and candlestickes , which none could meddle withall without sanctification : we may rise now vpward as before we came downe , and we may reason from these small things to the Arke , and from the Arke to the shew-bread , and from the shew-bread to the Passeouer , & from the Passeouer to the thing we haue in hand to learne an argument of preparation . And if Ioseph of Arimathea and others of the godly men and women which were with him , committing the body of Christ to the graue , would wrap it not only in a cleane cloth , nor in euery kind of linnen , but in a cleane syndon , which is a very fine linnen : then what reuerence are we to vse in taking not the dead body , but the liuing body , yea the glorified body of the Lord in heauen ? But if the Lord take vs a degree lower , and leaue his owne presence to perswade vs , and shall come to our owne priuate practise : if we put not our owne commo● meate , our prophane meate ( for so I thinke I may call it , and worse too , in respect of that holy mysterie ) into an vnwashen platter , nor a drop of drinke into a cup vncleansed ; then he that shall put the things exhibiting the very body of Christ into an vnprepared heart , and vnsanctified soule , shall be most guiltie of that iudgement which is pronounced for him , that is , He is guiltie of the body and blood of Christ : yea , as our Sauiour Christ , and the Prophets complaine that men are too skilfull in skie poynts and in humane statutes to take the best aduantage they can , but the matters of the law are strange vnto them : so may he complaine that this is vile meate , and which he himselfe saith is after cast into the draught , receiueth such estimation at our hands , that we prepare so diligently the very instruments of them ; yet when we come to sanctified things , we shew our selues as carelesse in them , as in the knowledge of his commandements . Thus then we see how in these respects the Lord may require due reuerence in regard of the things pertaining to him , comparing them especially with the care that we haue in our owne things . Now to set the presence of God aside , and to looke to our owne profit , as before we put apart our owne profit to consider of so great a presence : the fruite is great , and so great , that the writers of the Primitiue Church , haue cōpared the mysterie of the Supper to the tree of life which was in Paradise , and the abuse of this mysterie vnto the vnlawfull eating of that tree , because I say they doe make Christ that tree of life ; so that who so eateth of Christ , shall eate of life . And to the profit , if to the faith of the toucher , the very hemme of the garment of Christ did affoord such a benefit , as the healing of so grieuous a sicknes ; then we may rise to consider the profit which the touching , nay which more is , the receiuing of the body and blood of Christ doth bring vs : setting the faith equall in both , it is like that this exceedeth the other by many degrees , and yet few , I doubt , receiue the fruite of this woman . We come then now to say that all these profits are lost without preparation ; and as one of the Fathers saith , they that come vnprepared find not Christ , that is , the body of Christ , but with Iohn they light vpō the napkin or the clothes of Christ , wherin he was wrapped so little fruit they haue that come vnprepared . The reason is ( as Aggeus saith ) that if a man be polluted and touch an holy thing , it is certaine the thing that is holie becommeth polluted too , and vnlesse he be holie that commeth to the holy thing , the thing hallowed doth him no good . So that hee that commeth to these holy things vnprepared , shall turne the nature of them to himselfe , & it shal be vnto him as it fareth with them that take Physicke ; if a purgation taken to purge choler , doe not worke & purge the choler , beside the losse of the benefit , it turneth into a worse choler , and the humor is not onely not lessened , but much encreased : So if your minde remaine polluted and vnprepared , those things in the Sacrament besides your not profiting by them ( which is to be wished ) make vs far worse then we were before , & for our vnworthy receiuing of them bring either temporall or eternall iudgements vpon vs. Therfore for this cause in the Leiturgies of the Primitiue Church : the first word was a proclamation of holy things , to wit , that here are Sanctasanctis , that is , holy things for holie men . But is this losse all●no , there is losse of other things , there is I say , a punishment ioyned with the losse , for it is not as in outward things , if that your enterprise take not effect , it is but the losse of so much labour , but here is purchased an vnspeakable punishment , which the Apostle after specifieth , that wee eate and drinke iudgement to our selues , according to the proportion of the fault , as either for neglect of the meane , in which manner Moses offending for not circumcising his sonne , was corrected : or else for contempt of it : and then are we not acquitted from condemnation , & wee are in danger to be with Iudas in the full and entire possession of the diuell . So then in both these respects iointly now considered , both in respect of the reuerence of God himselfe , and in regarde of the profit that wee shall surely haue , it shal be good for vs , duely to prepare our selues , knowing as it is 2. Chro● . 20. that the want of successe in things of the Church , dependeth on the want of preparation . For this cause these holy men the vertuous predecessors , were alwaies carefull in euery particular meane to be prepared , as namely going about to pray , they had their eiaculationes , that is , certaine short prayers , before they entred into the solemne action , and they tooke halfe the day before the sabbath to prepare them to it . Now if preparation be necessary at these things in seuerall , seeing all these concurre in the Sacraments , excuselesse must hee bee that runneth to the Sacraments vnprepared . Now as the Commaundement doth binde vs to this Examination : So the contrarie inferred , shuts out foure sorts of people . First , if anie for want of yeares , as children , bee not able to examine themselues , all such are remoued : Secondly , if anie for want of wit , discretion , iudgement , the vse of r●sa●on , and such internals , the defect whereof ( howsoeuer they are in age ) makes them as children , cannot trie themselues , as foolish and furious persons , these are also excluded : Thirdly , if they haue a naturall conceiuing with gifts of reason and humane vnderstanding , and yet are ignorant in the grounds of Religion , and in the doctrine of the Sacraments , which chiefe points of saluation are necessarie to be knowne ; if I say , they haue not attained to these rules , all such are debarred ; And last of all , if they haue a generall notion of these things , and vnderstanding of these rules , and in the abuse of their knowledge remaine wicked , stubborne , and impenitent persons , that neuer goe about to proue themselues , all these also are to be separated , as vnfit , and vnworthie Guests of this Table . The subiect of Examination is our selues and not others , as the Apostle saith , Let euery one examine himselfe : As euery one looketh to the preparing of his owne meate , so must euery one looke to the sanctifying of his owne heart ; for this spirituall meate is better than the heauenly Manna ; if we spoyle it not through our owne malignitie And because if there bee but one Publican in the Church wee looke to him , and our eye cannot easilie goe from him ; therefore the Apostle would haue our examination reflexed on our selues , as the Sunne-beames in the ayre . Touching the manner of examination we must consider the nature and vse of the word . The Word in it proper tongue is taken from the Gold-smiths shop , and it is a trying , as it were of mettalles , and therefore the learned would haue vs trye our selues by the rules of Gold-smiths ; and this is not by the sound or Eccho that it maketh , ( for in the best it is deceiuable ) but setting aside this , they come to the touchstone and furnace ( which are two things of proofe to trie withall ) and they match with the touchstone the word , and compare with the furnace the crosse . But because those be more vniuersall , I thinke they may rather trie the whole course of a mans life in generall , than this seuerall poynt in hand . Others , because the bread and the wine be foode , follow herein the rules of the physitians . If a man haue a full body , though his repletion come of a very good humour , as of blood , it needeth not filling but emptying ; againe , full bodies , if their fulnes come of euill humours , are not to be nourished but rather they must be purged , as flegmatike bodies which are full of moysture : Euen so fareth it with all those which thinke themselues full enough of their own righteousnes , and such as are stuffed with corrupt humours & grosse sinnes , are not to come hither hauing no interest or claime therein , vntill the one be emptied of the fond conceit of his own righteousnes , & the other purged of the loathsome disease of his owne wickednesse . Notwithstanding , if we consider the words that follow , If wee would iudge our selues , we should not be iudged ; and againe , but when we are iudged , we are chastened of the Lord , because we should not be condemned with the world , it may appeare , that the Apostle vnderstandeth it of a iudiciall examination , as before a iudge . And the very word though it were deriued from the gold-smiths , yet the vse of it is from a iudiciall manner of proceeding . Well then , let vs take it this way , that in this triall wee must so proceed with our selues in iudgement , and when we are by our selues alone , wee must erect our iudgement seate in our selues , and examine our selues precisely whether we eate worthily or vnworthily . For the plainnes of it , we cannot be better directed than by that rule , 2. Cor. 13. Proue your selues whether ye are in the faith . that is , ( as I interpret it , and most men of sound iudgement thinke with me , ) whether the faith be in thee , and whether yee haue receiued the spirit of Christ which is his vicar . For by this yee shal know whether yee are worthy or vnworthie , for surely hee shall eate Christs fleshe and drinke his blood , that hath his spirite , But how shall wee trie our selues whether wee haue the spirit , or no ? I answere according to that saying Ephes. 3. 17. When Christ dwelleth in our hearts by faith . And this now is enough , for hauing this , wee haue Christs spirit , and so Christ himselfe , and consequently wee neede not doubt of the other . Here it is good to take this word faith as largely as wee can , and take it in as generall a sense as the law , that is , for the whole word . And so first wee are to sit in iudgement on our selues according to the whole forme of Gods iustice , and it is good to take the record of our selues , and that catalogue which the diuell himselfe hath in store against vs , which yet indeed he hideth & will bring forth , because he reserueth it to lay it to our consciences in the houre of death , when all our sins shall flocke together against vs to driue vs to despaire ▪ It is good I say according to the ten words of the law to frame ten seuerall actions , enditements , arraignments , and so many seuerall sentences of condemnation , and then wee shall finde a great spoyle of obedience in vs , and we shal see our selues marueilously to bee defectiue , Thus hauing arraigned our selues , we must further consider how vnkindly we haue dealt with so kind a Sauiour since our calling , and so pronounce a perpetual confusion due to vs with a shame for that which is past , with a greefe for that which is present , and with a feare of that which may come hereafter . And when wee can bring our selues out of conceit with our selues , and haue brought our selues into the worst taking that can bee , then hee is in the best taking , that taketh himselfe to be in the worst . For the principall purpose of our examinatiō is to shew vs our indignitie , and to bring our selues into the lowest conceit of our selues that can be . Hauing in truth pronounced this shame and confusion of face to be due vnto vs , God will suspend his iudgement and cease from his sentence of anger , nay hee will say , This man behold , hath condemned himselfe , I neede not to condemne him : he hath done enough , let my sitting in iudgement vpon him cease , seeing he hath so straightly examined himselfe , I remit all , I will examine no further , hee is free , let him come and so let him eate and drinke . Thus I say our examination must be in a iudiciall forme , that is , we must enquire of our selues whether we be guiltie or not guiltie , worthie or vnworthie . And because euery man is readie to perswade himselfe that he is worthie , to beare out this point we are to trie our selues , whether we haue faith ; and because faith hath relation to the truth , and the truth must try vs , which saith , Cursed is hee that continueth not in euery poynt of the Law to doe it : wee must search our bookes of remembrance , considering what God hath against vs , and examine our selues according to euery word thereof . Then because we must be constrained to conclude that we be vnworthie , we must in the next place goe out of our selues , and faint after the righteousnesse that can make vs worthie . For a man that findeth himselfe to be left in the estate of condemnation , to him will seeme a good saying , & worthie to be receiued , That IESVS CHRIST came into the world to saue sinners : and to him the name of a Redeemer will be most precious . And therefore at this second returne commeth to be considered of , that Faith which commeth by the blessing of the Gospell , whereby wee seeing our owne ignorance , doe seeke wisedome out of our selues , being conscious of our owne vnworthinesse , and sue for obedience in the Sonne of GOD : and seeing we are altogether aliants from God by reason of these things , we seeke for our perfection in CHRIST , & vpon this condition is righteousnes giuen vnto vs. Then because the examination of this standeth in another point , for that a condemned person will redeeme his pardon by a price , be it neuer so great , if by any meanes he be able to make it , and a man spareth no cost for that which indeede hee doth loue , as wee may see in the example of a vile loue of Esau , who setting his loue euen vpon meate , was content with the losse of his birthright to buy it , if we truely esteeme Christ his death , wee will giue any thing for it . And truely God requireth nothing at our hands , but euen that small condition Ephes. 4. 52. To be curteous one to another , and tender hearted , forgiuing one another euen as God for Christs sake for gaue vs. Where we see that as God hath for . giuen vs , so we should forgiue others ▪ ●or a man that purposeth truely to haue Christ , it is little to giue ●oue : that as the Godhead head wrought in loue towards vs , so we must worke in loue toward others . This as a necessary thing is first to be required , the rather for that we escaping the sentence of condemnation , and that by no other meanes but by remission , which is as a bridge to escape by , it were very rigorous and hard dealing , we our selues hauing gotten ouer , & others being as desirous to come ouer , if we should pull vp the bridge from them : this would be too sauage euen among the heathen . This point of louing others , God so loueth , and so accounteth of , that if a man were readie to come to the Lord his immediate worship , hee is content this dutie should rather be left to him vndone , then that dutie should be vndone to our brethren . And in the parable of the debtor we see this more effectually . For so long as the debt is directly the Lords , hee breaketh out into no such words , as hee doth when the seruant taketh his fellow seruant by the throate : saying , Pay mee that thou owest ; So that the retaining of enmitie to our brethren doth after a sort more offend God , then our offending against God himselfe . This is all the Examination before hand . When a man hath by due Examination found himselfe vnworthie , and vnworthy in respect of himselfe , then is hee to be transformed . And here note a thing contrarie to our common diet . Though in our ordinary foode our meate is changed into vs , and becommeth of our substance , not we are changed into it : here in this meate , I say , it is contrarie , we are transformed into it , not it into vs ; so that we may say of this spirituall food , as of the nature of the leauen . The leauen is not vnleauened and changed into the meale , though it ●eth hid in the meale , but the meale is transformed into it , and leauened by the leauen . So may we say of this sacramentall food , we are trāsformed into it . Wherfore seeing the Apostle saith , Le● a man examine himselfe , and so let him eate ; our examination must end in eating and drinking , and not in abstaining . They then , that thought they honoured the Sacrament with abstinence , they by this rule plainely dishonour it : for it is saide , Let him examine himselfe , and so eate : not so let him abstaine . And the Sacrament is abused , as well by forbearing , hauing examined our selues , as by receiuing it vnworthily . The things receiued are called Bread and Wine . Concerning the nature whereof , better relation we cannot haue , then Psalm . 104. where seeing the vse of Bread and Wine to bee to nourish , to strengthen , and to comfort , wee shall the better marke the Analogie in this . The bodie of Christ represented by Bread , must haue that effect in the soule , which bread hath in the bodie ; but bread hath this effect , to strengthen the body of man , as appears by the cited testimonie of the holie Ghost , therfore our soules by CHRIST receiue strength against sinne . We reade in Genesis , that Abrahams seruant returning from their pursuite , had their hearts strengthened by bread , which they had of Melchisedech , and we know that the Paschall Lambe was to giue strength to the eaters thereof ; so our Sauiour CHRIST calleth vs vnto him , that hee may giue vs spirituall strength for newnesse of life , in the strength whereof wee must so labour for righteousnesse , as if heauen were to bee purchased by our works . For CHRIST his bodie is not only quickened , but quickening , not only sanctified , but sanctifying . And as in the bodie , such be the humours , as in the mea●e ; so in the soule , in the actiue parts of righteousnes , wee receiue such meate as may enable vs to labour for the kingdome of heauen . This is that , which the holie men did take in the Sacrament . On the other side , the blood of CHRIST must worke that effect in our soules , which wine doth in our bodies . The effect of wine is also set downe , Psalm . 104. but more liuely , P●ou . 31. it is said , wine is to comfort them that are in the present estate of death : for such wine was ordained , Then looke what the gladnesse is of the bodie after the wine receiued , so there is the same analogie by spirituall comforts in the blood of Iesus Christ , seeing that wee can no more goe through that * absolute righteousnesse than the Angels , than the heauens , which are impure in the sight of God , and in whom he findeth imperfection . We must therefore come to the passiue righteousnesse , wee must haue the blood of Christ sprinkled abroad in our hearts . By the one we must labour so , as if we would ouermatch the righteousnes of the Pharisies , & of the most Iu●ticiaries in the world : but when it comes before God , to liue or to die by our righteousnes , then wee must let goe the olde Testament , and take care for the blood of the New Testament , which is giuen vs by the ministerie of Faith. For our action of eating and drinking , as the Church hath retained it , there is a commandement giuen , that we lift vp our hearts vnto the Lord , and we must be as Eagles flying vp to heauen , by hauing carefull meditation at that time of things inuisible , of setting before vs the suffering of CHRIST , in breaking of the bodie ▪ in shedding of the blood of CHRIST , which being ruminated , is the sending vp of our Faith , by the working of the HOLY GHOST . The principall end , is the remembrance of the death of CHRIST , which he did commend to vs , at his last parting from vs , which ought much to sticke in our mindes , because the last words of a friend , readie to depart , doe oft leaue both impressions and affections in vs. Indeede , when wee reade of his death , it doth somewhat moue vs ; when we heare of it , it moues vs more ; to meditate of it , moues vs in a third degree ; but besides all these , to haue as it were before our eyes a visible Crucifying of Christ , doth mooue vs most of all . This in wisedome he vsed , that we might not forget him , as before , GOD the Father after the great deluge drowning the whole world , for a remembrance of the worke of deliuering vs from water , he left vs a Rainebow . And when hee had supernaturally fed the Israelites with Manna from heauen , he would haue a pot full of it reserued in the Arke of remembrance , for a memoriall of so great a worke . Wee being deliuered by the blood of Christ from the floods of our sinnes , haue receiued Baptisme to keepe vs in remembrance thereof . We being nourished with the Manna of Christ his bodie , are commanded to vse this mysterie , to continue an holy remembrance of the same . Now for that vnion , which is betwixt CHRIST and vs , as wee haue nothing in Adam , but that which conueyth death to vs : so it is needfull that we should be ioyned to one that may giue light to vs , the means to be thus vnited , is this sacrament . And what vnion can be greater then that , which is betweene the thing nourishing , and the thing nourished ? This vnion , though by no reason it can be expressed , must bee beleeued , how Christ by being borne of Mary , hath vnited our nature to him : and this vnion hath euery reprobate with Christ , in that he hath taken vpon him the shape of man : and so farre any cast-away may be said to haue interest in the flesh of Christ. Where is then the difference ? Truly here is a difference , if the arme ioyned to the body haue no life , no sense , no benefit of vitall spirits , it may be indeed vnited to the bodie : but it is not a part of the bodie ▪ so the wicked liuing without Faith , haue no soule as it were , but are as it were senslesse , and liuelesse hang-byes , and therefore are no true members of Christ. We must not then thinke it sufficient to be ioyned to the flesh of Christ , as the kinsmen of Christ , who speaking of this spirituall coniunction with him pointed vnto them , that by faith receiued his word , saying , These are my brother , my sister , & my mother : These haue the true vnion with Christ : the other haue affinitie with Christ in his flesh onely , in his incarnation . Therfore with the symbols , to a true receiuer Christ is really giuen , & so all whatsoeuer belongeth to Christ in the purchase of his redemption . Neither are we to looke only to our vnion with Christ , but to that ioyning of our selues with them , that are of the same mystical body , be they neuer so many , that receiue with vs. For this tries all , and it is an vnion of loue , and in respect here of this mysterie hath been called a Communion . And because our vnion with Christ doth nothing profit God , though a thousand worlds of men were vnited to him , he hath set ouer the profit to others ; so that ( if I may so say ) is Christ is meate and drinke to vs , so we should be meate and drinke as it were to others : for that whatsoeuer wee haue in wisedome , wee should bestow to the behoofe of the ignorant ; whatsoeuer we haue in holinesse , we should make the best of it to the winning of others ; whatsoeuer we haue in outward things , we should communicate it to others , according to the quantity of their wants & our aboundance . So shall we be members not onely of the naturall , but also of the mysticall bodie of Christ. There is yet another ende , Seeing there is such a nature in the creatures , that the outward things haue suffered many iniuries , before they became good food , as the corne being cut down in it per●ite age , pressed out of the huskes with the flaile , loosing all his intralles with the violence of the Mill , and after passing through the parching heate of the Ouen , is made good bread : so the flesh of Iesus Christ went vnder many paines , and the blood of Christ as the grape in it most flourishing estate was pressed out of the veines , and sustained hard passions , and shall nothing of vs then suffer with him ? Because we cannot wreake ouranger on the Iewes , as Pontius Pilate , as Caiphas , and the rest , for that they are dead and gone , and yet to say the trueth , they were no more the crucifiers of Christ than the nailes , the crosse or the hāmer , but it was our sins which did crucifie him , it was our vile thoughts , our corrupt speeches , and our own sins which did set Caiphas , Pilate and Iudas , on worke , and they were but our seruants and hirelings in the action of his crucifying . Therefore as we would wreake our anger on them , seeing they I say , were but hired , and we haue the things in our selues , which did chiefly crucifie him , let vs doe that despite to our sins , let vs arraigne thē , let vs crucifie them , let vs naile them to the crosse , let vs kill them , & burie them for euer . This is that , wheron we should spend our choler , and let vs beware of crucifying of Christ againe , which thing though it cannot be indeede , because all the Deputies & high Priests are gone , yet we may be truely saide to crucifie him againe , when we bereauing him of the fruits of his death , put new passions of griefe vpō him . For though it was no grief to Christ to dye , so he might enioy the thing he died for ; yet to loose the fruits of his torments , this doth in a second degree torment him . This is an actiue crucifying , now comes in a passiue crucifying . And this is a cuppe not of the Communion ( for that needs the sonne of thunder , the child of Zebedeus ) but it is the cuppe of the crosse , whereof he himselfe did drink : this is the Baptisme , wherewith wee must be baptized as he was , that is , not with the water of Iordan , for euery child of a seuen-night old may bee washed with it , but of affliction , whereof wee must taste . And as Christ hath now a Crowne of glorie , but hee had another crowne before , euen a crowne of thornes : so in this feast we haue a cup without bitternes , but there is a cuppe of bitternes , which either we haue drunk or must drink , or both . The drinking of that cup binds vs to drinke of this . And surely suffer we must , some haue their passion in death and inwardly , and that is most sore ; better it is to haue it before death and outwardly , for surely drinke we must : if we participate of the one , we must also participate of the other . But as it is good to vse this trial before , so there is another examination more profitable that followes after . A man may by the sight of the soile gather by some gesse what fruit wil come vp , and what it wil beare ; A man may by the ingredience of the medicine coniecture what effect will ensue vpon it : But when we see the fruite come vp , it is farre more sure ; and when the purgation hath wrought , wee may more certainely iudge of the effect of it . And because these accidēts of repentance from dead works , faith in Christ , & loue toward men going before , may deceiue vs : it is good to put the matter out of all doubt to trie our selues afterward , if we can heare the word more ioyfully , if we trauell for righteousnes of Faith more soundly , and make the skore of our sinnes lesse then they were before , they are comfortable fruites of the truth of our hearts . Now if any say that these signes antecedent , the beginning whereof is in repentance and sorrow for sinne , the end whereof is charitie , and these also that follow after are very good things , and yet entring with himselfe into the triall , he findeth himselfe more discouraged than encouraged : to him I say , if a man had Repentance and Faith in most perfect and ample manner , that man were not to receiue with the Saints : for these mysteries were prouided for their helpe which haue wants , and therefore for imperfections no man must discourage himselfe to come hither . Onely let him looke to this , that he doe whatsoeuer he doth , though not perfectly , yet sincerely . Then as it is most sure that by our examination we should fall into the agonie of Christ to sweate blood , and if it were possible euen to be couered with the drops of blood : so because mans nature cannot bee brought to this , by reason of that cold sweate and cold repentance that is in vs. Christ therefore was brought into this sweate by a glooming heate : Christ I say , who enduring this agonie , became not onely a satisfaction for our sinnes , but also for our imperfections in good things , he doing good things absolutely ; therefore Christ fell into these bathes , that his perfection in suffering might satisfie for our imperfection in well doing . The rather we are to sticke to this , because if we cannot bring our selues immediately into the first degree of sorrow , yet that we stay not to come to the second degree ; that is , that wee be grieued , that wee can be no more grieued , and if wee come to this , this shall be sufficient . And to all such as thus in truth shall prepare themselues , doe those prayers of Hezekiah , 2. Chron. 30. belong , that the Lord will fulfill the measure of their righteousnesse , and pardon their sinnes that prepare their whole hearts to seeeke him . And thus much for the triall before and after the Lords Supper . FINIS . A TREATISE OF GODS FEARE . THe stile of Moses , Psal. 90. 11. doth vehemently set downe the paucitie of them that truly feare God : hee saith who feareth , &c. wee knowe the thing sought for and enquired after , is not knowne to the Asker ; for then the question were vaine and superfluous , and the verie nature and institution of a question is to haue relation euermore to the increase of knowledge in some thing not sufficiently knowne : wherefore it is like that Moses knew few fearing God aright , and in generall this stile is very needefull in all Gods things , for wee are slenderly acquainted with them , but in euill things there is no question or enquiry to be made , as being a thing comming into the eyes , eares , and hearts of all men enough , and as wee see by daily experience too much . Now if wee will goe from Moses time , to Dauids time , we shall see hee makes the like question , Psalme , 15. 1. Lorde who shall dwell in thy tabernacle , &c. as one that saw a great want of men desiring that way , but come to the contrarie : and Psalme 14. hee sheweth that all are gone out of the way , all are corrupt , there needes no question to be made of such . Goe yet further to the dayes of Esay , and we see his stile to iumpe with both the former , as Esay , 53 Who hath beleeued our report ? as though they could hardly bee found that would credit his words , but euen in the very first chapter he was not afraid simply and without inquirie to say , that all were so full of sinne , that there were no place voide of wicked men from top to the toe . If wee come to Christ his time , he saith in his dayes , Who is a true and faithfull seruant , who is a trustie seruant , who when his Lord commeth , he shall finde faithfull ▪ but of the ambitious Pharisies we knowe there was great store . If wee chronicle from Moses to Dauids time , from Dauid to Esaies time , from Esay to Christ his time , and from Christ to the end of the world , wee shall finde it a matter of controuersie to haue men fearing God ; but of the other sort it is a thing without all manner of controuersie . And here we must not thinke , that it might be , many feared God , but they knew not mens hearts : for God himselfe , the searcher of the heart , acknowledgeth the same that they doe , as Esay saith , 59. 4. No man calleth for Iustice , no man contendeth for trueth . 16. and when he sawe there was no man , hee wondred that none should offer himselfe : neither is this excesse of euill noted onely in the persons , but euen the times are full of euill . Genes . 6. 6. It is saide the thoughts of mens hearts were euill continually , or euery day : Micah saith , they spent the whole night in euill , and so goeth further : so that Moses hauing set downe all the day , and Micah all the night , wee may say all time is stuffed with euill ; if we haue any time , for good it is in purpose , not in practise , it is in the time to come , not in time , present : in regard whereof the Prophet saith , the silly fowles and birds of the ayre , the Storke , the Doue and others keepe their time , but we neuer can finde our time to doe well in . Beyond all this , as all persons and times , so all places are tainted with this euill : Heauen it selfe hath not been voide of wickednesse ; for euen from thence fell the wicked Angels : Paradise was not exempted ; the Temple was not free from notable hypocrisie ; the number exceeded euen in the actions themselues : wherfore Dauid crieth out at the view of such a packe , Lord , who doth vnderstand the errors of this life ? Our daies may be numbred , as wee see Psalm . 90. but our sinnes are without number , and therefore are compared to the sand of the Sea. Then wee see in regard of the person , time , places , and actions , few doe good , and therefore such is the complaint and question of the men of God in this behalfe . The fruit which we are to reape by this , is thus much : that if we see occasion of offence , and matter of grief be offered vs , we see no more than Moses saw long agoe , than Dauid , Esay and Christ himselfe saw in their times before vs , in comparison wherof we may make our aduantage , that seeing the time of Moses was a time of affliction , and the dayes wee liue in are daies of peace , it is lesse marueile to see euill in the daies of peace than in the time of trouble : and therefore Luther vpon this question , who feares ? Psalm . 90. maketh this answere , no man before affliction : shewing that affliction should specially leade vs to feare , and being once affected with feare , wee should either say , Lord what shall I doe ? or with Dauid say , What shall I repay vnto the Lord ? Seeing the Lord is faine to complaine of the smal number of such as feare him , we must take order to mitigate this complaint , that it fall not more iustly vpon vs. In the time of Moses at the least there was Iosua and Caleb ; in Christs time Simeon and Anna : At the least we must looke there be one true worshipper , as in Elias time , and so doing we shall make the question vaine , and surely if we desire to be such , fewe will put vs by our desire : for as our sinnes be well called an hereditarie sicknesse , which if it were not so , wee would purchase them fast enough : so that knowledge and feare of God not being hereditarie , are not withstanding cheapened of few men . Great cause there is then why we should feare , it is an act of the euerlasting Parliament , that we must once die , Hebrues 9. and Iob saith that our life is but short , and doe wee not heare that all of all kindes are gone this way , all wise men , all men of pleasure , no Patriarkes escaped it ; no Prophet was exempted , our eares can testifie this , doe wee not daily misse our friends ? when Gods wrath hath taken them away , and the graue hath buried them in silence . Doe we not daily in comming to the congregation , passe ouer the graues of men , sufficient monuments of the execution of the generall day ? Doe wee not vse as a generall prouerbe , as sure as death , and yet the seruants of God complaine , that wee know not the wrath of God. Surely wee doe not know this for all that , which Moses Psalme 90. proues by two reasons : first , hee prayes to bee taught in it ; and if it were alreadie exactly knowne , then should this prayer be superfluous : againe , he argueth of the effect , that for so much as there followes no feare , therefore there is no knowledge of the wrath of God , for the want of feare sends a want of faith herein : and were wee perswaded that Gods wrath were such a thing , wee would feare ; and therefore we feare not , because wee are not so perswaded of the wrath of God in it . In naturall things wee will not easily runne into things feared , nor feare those things which wee thinke not to be euill ; and therefore because we feare the fire will burne , the water will drowne , wee are hardly brought to runne into the fire or into the water : much more should we so doe in things supernaturall , if we did truly feare them , wherefore though wee knowe in some part the wrath of God , yet wee are not come to the perfect knowledge of it required at our hands . Hitherto we must vnderstand , it is one thing for man to determine of knowledge , and another thing for God to iudge of it ; as Esay pronounced a difference betweene our esteeming of fasting and Gods iudging of it , Esay 58. for that if wee see a man abstaine from meate , we think he is a good deuout faster , but the Lord determines otherwise : so we may pronounce a difference betweene the valuation of knowledge in our eyes & in the Lords eies . It is nothing for vs to say , this haue we quoted , thus haue we read , this haue I vttered , and therefore I know this ; for this is nothing in Gods iudgement : for as he determineth of the fast , so will he determine of the knowledge of them that passe the auncient Rabbins of the Iewes , and outreach the wise men of the Heathen . And no maruel , for as we say there is a wise kinde of ignorance , a learned vnskilfulnesse : so surely there is an ignorant knowledge , a sottish kind of wisedome ; and this now possesseth the whole world . And that wee may walke within our warrant , we shal fetch our proofe from the sixt of Esay , which place , for the excellencie of it , is oft repeated in the new Testament . Matthew 13. Acts 28. and Rom. 11. where wee see there may be a seeing without seeing , a kind of hearing , and yet no hearing indeede : Euen so there may be a knowledge , and yet no knowledge before God , the cause is for that the Lord accounts of no knowledge , which comes not into practise : and if we haue neuer so much knowledge , and practise it not , it is nothing in Gods booke . And according as this is God his reckoning , so it is our vsuall account ; for if wee haue taken paines to put precept vnto precept , and to teach one that hath not profited by our paines , how attentiue soeuer he seeme ; yet wee account him , and accuse him as one that heard not at all . Better is no candle , than a candle vnder a bushell : and the Lord accounts no light vnder a bushell for light . Better to haue no eares , than the eares of an Idoll . And indeed they are no eares , for they heare not : so it is no knowledge that is separated from practise . Wee doe beguile our selues in our accounts , when wee thinke wee haue a great knowledge , for that wee haue heard many Sermons , whereunto because we haue not ioyned practise , we may well blot out of the score many of those Sermons : for such Sermons in Gods account be to vs as no Sermons . We can say and cry , that where there is a want of the meanes , there is a great token of Gods curse ; and I will not denie it , it is so indeed : but yet be it knowne , that with a singularitie of the benefit , if none profit by it , there goeth a singularitie of iudgement where it is abused : and a more notable iudgement remaineth for such a place , than for the other , because it had been better neuer to haue heard , than hauing heard so much , neuer to profit . It is good saith Dauid , that I haue been afflicted , for I haue learned thy law : indeede in this respect it was good for him ; and yet it is not good for some to bee afflicted , who not profiting by it , become the worse for it , as it was to Lots wife , who was made a pillar of salt . Two things hinder ripenes of knowledge , the one is that men are proudely ignorant , perswading them falsely to know that they know not ; the other is hardnes of hart , whereby they are obdurated against the true profit of knowledge : for either wee thinke we haue some deepe knowledge , or else we become stonie and senselesse ; that if Gods iudgements be spoken we feare not , if his promises be offered we reioyce not , whatsoeuer is spoken we moue not : into such an heart , how much knowledge soeuer is powred in , though it seeme to runne ouer , yet the quantitie of it will amount to nothing . Because we will not see Gods wrath , as it is , we see it in iustice : for by Gods wrath is iustice signified vnto vs. And surely howsoeuer other qualities in God doe not affect vs sometime , yet wrath stirres vs vp . Affections are commonly stirred vp by their obiects , as feare by wrath : Now if we feare the anger of a man , and specially of a Prince , because the wrath of a Prince seemeth so great a thing to vs ; what shall we thinke of the wrath of God , which one way or other we shall surely meete withall , either for to beare it , or else to be reconciled to him for the auoyding of it ? Wherefore to reueale to vs this wrath , it is Moses his office to teach vs to see our sinne , & so to bring vs within the compasse of the law , and of that forfeiture which the law doth award vs , that so we may esteeme the more of that mercie which is offered in Christ. Now the cause why we esteeme not mercie , is because we account so slenderly of our sinnes , and therefore we doe lightly value our sinne , because we thinke no more reuerently of Gods wrath against sinne : for such is the sense of our sinne , as is the feare of his wrath And so we esteeme peace as we account of warre , and make a prize of our plentie , as we doe of our scarsitie . If we consider rightly of the want and famine of Samaria , or of Idumea , and see the heads of Asses sold for so much ; then we shall be fit to iudge rightly of plentie : we are therefore in our afflictions to leuell at the wrath of God , which is the cause , & not to stay in our affliction , but still looke to our sinne , without the sight whereof , we shall either stand carping at Gods iudgements with Ionas , or we shall fall to curse the day of our birth with Iob : so farre shall we be from making our true profit by it . Therefore we know not how to profit vnder the crosse , because we know not the causes of it , but wedwell in the effects , & complaine of the thing done , not looking to the cause and originall of it , which we see in that a man being crossed by a wicked man , he stormes against the man , but lookes not to God : wherein he doth as if a man should quarrell with the staffe wherewith he is beaten , and neuer looke to the smiter : for a man is but as the rod of the Lord , or as the staffe of the diuell ; we deale ( I say ) with the stripe , not with the diuell , by whose instigation that is done . And as we deale with the diuell in his motiues , so we deale with the Lord in his visitations : we could teare the rod , but not be humbled vnder him that vseth the rod. And what doe we profit by this behauiour ? Admit we could wrest the rod out of Gods hand , what gaine is that for vs , against whom he will take vp a sword and a mallet , or a great rocke , wherewith he will not stand to beate vs , but out of hand to breake vs in fitters ? And therefore good wisedome it is not to wrestle with the effect , but to meete with the cause . Now then there are two things which blindfold vs , that we cannot see Gods wrath in our afflictions : the one , because we are not straight consumed with the anger of God : so long as men waste away by little and little , and are not beaten downe at one blow , they put off all suspition that God is displeased with them , and neuer acknowledge his wrath , vntill it come like an ambassadour of death . Some are consumed by apoplexies , and suddenly fall dead : some by hecticks , and peece by peece fall away . This is so much the more dangerous , because it is the lesse sensible , and rather killeth vs than forewarneth vs. It is as dangerous to moulder away , and as easie to dye of an hectick , as it is to fall dead and to be taken with an apoplexie : And therefore it is not good to tarrie for the dead blow . Another cause is this : that as Gods iudgement● are to many , mercies , and proceed from his loue towards vs : so though we see it not , many of his mercies we sent to vs in his iudgement , and proceed from him in wrath . So Ieremie saith , that the Lord gaue Iosias in wrath to raigne ouer his people : and yet Iosias was a good King. The vse of all this is thus much , to shew vs that the Lords anger works in him , as do al other affections when they haue not their worke in vs. Hereof it is , that because we are not displeased with our selues for our sinnes , God is displeased with vs ; because we mislike not our corruptions , God sheweth his misliking of them ; because we are not angrie with our selues , God is angrie with vs. Sinne deserueth wrath , and sinne must haue wrath either at our hands or at ▪ the Lords hands . If we be wrathfull with our selues , and take an indignation with our own selues , as 2. Cor. 7. the Lord will remit his wrath ; if we will iudge our selues , God will not iudge vs. If at any time we come to iudge of Gods wrath , we account of it as of an impotent thing : wrath doth worke , the wrath of the least doth moue , and I would we feared the wrath of the Lord as much as we doe the wrath of Princes . But we thinke of Gods wrath as of his mercie , we feare him as one of sillie anger and small power , we thanke him for his mercies as a niggardly God , and pinching giuer . When we deale in duties to Godward , we cut them , we mince with him , we measure and stint him , as though we would be euen with him : but when it comes to our wickednesse , we are both large and bold : we doe as men that thought the Lord was either blind , and could not see our doing , or as though his armes were bound vp in a cloute that he could not strike vs. The weakenes of God is stroger than any strong thing in man , 1. Corinth . 1. the very weakenes of God is stronger than the strength of men . But how shall we conceiue of this weakenes ? In a man we account that weakenes , which his little finger hardly can touch . Now then if we will come ( as it were ) to Gods little finger , and take but the confession of all the wise men in Aegypt , and of their Magicians : and we shall see , that in those rare and notable plagues which came on the land , they said it was the finger of the Lord. Come to the afflictions of Iob , wherein he lost goods , cattell , and children , and the diuell ( I say ) makes all that but a touch of his little finger : and yet this spent all . The breath is counted in a man but a weak thing : but come to the very breath of the Lord , & we shall see all that is in a man is as grasse , and the best things in him as the flower of grasse , when the spirit of the Lord bloweth vpon it . Esay . 40. 17. and Psal. 18. 8. it is said , Smoke went out of his nostrels , and a consuming fire out of his mouth : so that great is the power of his very nostrels , and mighty is the very weakenes and infirmitie of his wrath . If this be the weaknes of God , what is his strength , his strength ( I say ) when he is compared to a giant , or to a lion : to a giant of all men the greatest ; to a Lyon of all beasts the strongest ? If he be so mightie when he toucheth vs but with his finger , how terrible is he if he strike vs with his arme ? Now what shall we say when he comes not onely with strength in himselfe , in his finger , in his nostrels , and in his arme ; but he is armed , he hath his sword whet and his bow bent against vs , as a man prepared for the battell ? So that if we be farre off , then he hath his bow to fetch vs ; if we be neere , then he hath his sword to strike vs. But what speake we of a sword , or of a bow , when he hath not onely these , but powers & whole armies of his creatures against vs , as of fire , of haile , of thunderbolts , yea of the least and vilest creatures , as of lice and flies , to come on vs ? So that if the sword finde vs not , his thunder-bolt shal meete vs ; when the hayle doth not make an end of vs , the fire will consume vs ; if the fire would not burne , the mallet would b●uise vs : further than all this , he hath his chariots and thousand of chariots in the whirle-winde , and his pillars of fire to terrifie vs : and which is more , he hath his thousands and twentie thousands of Angels to make a spoyle of all at his becke : so great is the wrath of the Almightie , his power will not faile , all his works will assist him , and when one hath done his dutie , another will follow : so that we shall surely be wearie of suffering , before he be weary of afflicting , or weake in punishing . But to passe ouer the speaking of his strength : let vs looke to our owne weakenes , we are but as potters vessels , if we hit but one against another , we breake , we fall into shards at euery knocke : and if the Lord lift vp his rod against vs , we shall be brought to dust ; if a little rod will not serue to doe it , he will take a crow of iron and fling at vs. To be short , the Lion commeth before him , the Vnicorne serues him : Behemoth is taken with his sword , Leuiathan cannot stand before him . And the difference betweene the power of God , and the power of Princes is as great : Princes can only seaze on the bodie , and all their wrath can goe no further than this life : but the Lord attacheth as well the soule as the body , and his anger is as hot and hotter in the life to come , as it is in this life . Our knowledge must end in feare : that ignorance is bold it is plaine : but that experience should tremble at things either imminent or present that is it which Moses thought so strange a thing , that he durst conclude , Psal. 90. that if we feare not we are ignorant . No marueile , it pleaseth the holy Ghost to ioyne feare , and the wisedom of God alwaies together , either as the beginner , or as the finisher of it . That it is the beginning of wisedome it is plaine , Prouerbs 1. that it is the end of wisedome it is manifest Ecclesiastes 12 ; so that it is not possible to haue true wisedome without this beginning , neither can we attaine to the perfection of it without this ending . Now the causes why we doe not feare are these , either for that we are wise in our owne conceit , or else we be stonie hearted , both which euils are cured in vs by feare . The first is proued , Prouerb . 21. where it is said : Blessed is the man that feareth : but he that hardneth his heart shall fall into euill : where is a plaine opposition between the feare of God and hardnes of heart . The second is to be shewed Pro. 3. 7. Be not wise in thine owne eyes , but feare the Lord : where we see the feare of God correcteth this conceit of our selues in vs. This we say then , that he that feareth not , hath either pride or hardnes ; and if these two , then no wisedome , and consequently he is conuinced not to haue knowledge . Feare and wisedome makes a man a man : it is the conclusion also , and shutting vp of all loue ; the reason is , loue groweth secure without feare , and being secure it loseth her spouse , as we see in the song of Salomon : where the Church bewailes the losse of her Loue , whilest she fell asleepe : wherefore I say , as in the beginning , we must haue a feare of wrath ; so in the end we must haue a feare of losing . In Hebr. 12. when the Apostle b●●ore had spoken of Loue , least that we should securely lose it , he ends all with a trembling sentence , and shutteth it vp with a firie clause , God is a consuming fire . It is giuen to all since Adam , after we haue sinned to feare , and to hide our selues , in regard whereof the theefe trembles at the sight of the Iudge , & the very dead tree strikes a feare into the conscience of the superstitious worshipper . Nay I may say the diuell trembleth , and euery sinner shaking off feare , after he hath sinned , iustifieth the diuell himselfe in this respect , and so in shuffling off the forewarning of Gods iudgement , he passeth all in wickednesse , either in the Church or without the Church , or in hell Neither must we simply feare , but haue a certaine measure of feare : we may say as Abraham said in Genesis , if there be no feare of God , then there is surely no place left for the Church of God. Through the mercie of God we cannot yet say so : for though the Church at this day be not so iustifiable as it should be , nay it is condemnable in respect of that which it ought to be : yet we cannot say but Abraham hath a place with vs : wickednes is not yet come to such a pitch , that there is no feare of God with vs. How be it herein we be defectiue , in that our knowledge and feare of God is not proportionable to our teaching , and the iustice of God : For setting our continuall teaching with our discontinued profit in learning , and seeing the markes of Gods iudgmēts are set in the bowels of the Nations round about vs , this thing rightly weighed , our feare is nothing , our knowledge is little , the Lord may haue his action against vs , because though we haue some thin feare , yet it is nothing proportionable . Wherefore as it is not sufficient that our meditations in the law be meditations , but that in strength & comfort they exceed all our thoughts of the world ; and as God requireth not onely an hearing , but such attention in hearing , as we heare nothing more heedily and carefully : so we must feare and that accordingly , and this according is that which will condemnevs , because ( I say ) our affections are not according to their obiect . But behold a greater euill , for as we set not our affections high enough in good things , so we racke them too farre in euill things . We feare not God enough ; we feare the world too much ; we loue the word too scantly ; we loue our profits too excessiuely . So there is a iarre in both , our feare in spirituall things is defectiue , in worldly things excessiue . And surely though we could not doe it in such measure about the best things , because we cānot reach so high in lesser things ( which thing if we could doe , it were a great part of an Apologie for vs ) yet for that we feare so much in lesser things , and feare so little in greater , this will indeed accuse vs. Againe , that our feare is not according to Gods wrath , it is knowne by taking that small measure and scantling of it , which we are wont to doe ; for whereas the word hath made the feare of God to be our measure for the feare and forsaking of sinne , Iob. 1. we by making our feare of God light , make also our departing from euill light . Thus we see the Lord must haue an order in things ; first we will haue his kingdome prouided for , then other things in their place : we in keeping so low an ebbe in his feare , make vp his inditement he hath against vs. FINIS . A TREATISE OF HYPOCRISIE . THere are two things required in Religion , the substance and the ceremonie or visard , and we haue but one of them . The first is a marueilous hard thing to circumcise our hearts , to make them bleede ; we thinke it enough to heare , for opinions carrie the common people : for they be like children , if they see a face in a glasse , they thinke it is a man , and begin to talke of it and to it . This ceremoniall hearing in times past it would now and then ( as they say ) doe good : but now as one saith , is nothing but to heare , eate , drinke , and talke . That a shew is sufficient to moue the multitude , it appeareth by Absolom , who although he were a beast ; yet when he had made a vow , and Iesabel had proclaimed a fast , the people followed them , and said the Queene was become religious , & Absolom was worthie of a kingdome , and so the like hypocrites haue an opinion of iust men . The dutie of reprehending is the dutie of a good man , and vnder the law it was thus : the accuser was wont to throw the first stone : the theefe on the crosse said ; Thou being in the same condemnation , darest thou reproue ? Here is a case of premunire , which what it is on earth we know , and what it is in Heauen we shall know at that day : examples we haue in Aaron , N●dab , Ab●hu , Vzza , and Ahaziah . Seeing there be such a sort of sore eyes , and so few Chirurgions , it is good to stay in reprehension , till we haue cast out our beames : and this is but reasonable , that a man should first cure himselfe . But because many will not stay for all this , Christ waxeth angrie as it were , and calleth them hypocrites : where saith Chrysostome , he sheweth himselfe very angrie : for this word when he vseth it or such like , as O cuill seruant ▪ O painted tombes ▪ generation of vipers , it is not any little offence that he speaketh against . The name of an Hypocrite is abhorred of God and man. As it was said of Octauius and Antonius , they hate a tyrant , but not tyrannie : so it may be said with vs , we hate an Hypocrite , but not hypocrisie . Thus we may see first in reall hypocrisie , we cannot abide a course cloath with a fine list , nor fruite faire without , and rotten within ; nor timber straight without and hollow within ; nor light waights and false wares . In the Common-wealth he that poysoneth a man , and he that killeth him with the sword hath not the like punishment , because the first is greater , in that he killeth him hypocritically . In the Church the fathers appointing punishment and penance for diuers sinnes , set downe for hypocrisie , the greatest punishment , in prima quadragesima . Peter was first moued at this against Anani●s and Saphira , Act. 5. Paul among many dangers , setteth this down as a chiefe one , that he was in dāger among false brethren . S. Iohn the Euangelist in his Reuelation proph●cieth , that the Church should neuer be more grieued , than by such as had womens faces and haire , and Lions teeth . The complaints of the Prophets against them is manifest in their termes , Pots with scumme cakes bak●n on one side . Ostriches with great f●athers and of little flight . But Christ inueigheth specially against thē , for he threatneth seuen woes against them that be hypocrites , where he neuer is found to do the like against any sinners . To looke more cleerely into this sin , it is opposite to God the Father , he is a being , this a certaine shew ; God is one , and hath made him one , but the hypocrite he maketh himselfe two , an heart , and an heart : the hypocrite leaueth a little place for religion , and the rest he leaueth for that which he loueth more than religion , and in this diuision hee giueth the worst to God , that is , that which is without ; he opposeth himselfe against God in his heart . God is truth , and the hypocrite hath a lying profession , vnhallowing the name of a Christian , and seducing those that are simple , which is a common note of hypocrites ; so they are deceiuers & deceiued , as Absolon and Ishmael . They are opposite to God in his goodnesse , hee is good , they are euill within , and that which is worse , they couer euill with good . We may see God his detestation of this sinne by his expostulation , Psal. 50. he abhorreth it so that hee forbad his people the very resemblance and representation of it , as a linsie woolsie coate , a hollow footed beast , and miscellen corne : he shall not come into my presence : and in the Psalme he saith , he could not abide the sight of him : and surely the surest punishment against any sinne is to haue our portion with the hypocrites . That we may know an hypocrite , wee must iudge him by that which is within . A father saith , we must look on him without , for example in admonishing , his outside is , brother cast out the mote , but lift vp his eye lid , and you shall see his eye not answerable to his tongue . The Syriak word signifieth , * a face taker , his visour may be admonition , but it is a broken visour , for a man may see the timber through it , and so hee is an impudent hypocrite . For the nature of hypocrisie , it may be described thus , * it is a signe without a thing signified : as when one thrusteth an hood ouer his head , or his head out of an hood , & hath no learning , an hood being made to signifie much learning : and so there are more of these hypocrites than we would thinke of . We haue Elias his mantle , but where is his spirit ? This hypocrisie is a sin of many corners & degrees . In euery sin there is a mysterie of wickednes , and a grosse substance of wickednes , a leauen and lumpe of iniquitie ; so we may deuide hypocrisie into the mysterie and the lumpe : the mysterie taketh hold on vs all ; and there be two kinds of it . The first and the best ouersay themselues , but they doe something ; they commend more in word than in practise . The other are such as say & doe not , this is grosse hypocrisie . Againe , hypocrisie hath two ends . God his glorie should moue vs sufficiently , but we must haue some other end with it , and this is in the best men . Augustine saith , that there are but few which be not spotted with hypocrisie , but because his step was too wide , he mends himselfe , & saith next , Surely not one . The lump or actual hypocrisie hath foure kinds . The first kinde is , when a man is delighted with faining any good , or intention of any euill . The second kind is a perillous & close hypocrisie , wrapped vp round in a sheeps skin , that no man can spie him , but that eie that seeth al things , and , if any man calleth him an hypocrite , he bringeth himselfe into danger , because he is not able manifestly to proue him one . Of him Christ giueth a caueat ; for this hypocrite he is exempted frō the Church discipline : the rule is plaine in Timothie : some mens sinnes goe before to iudgement , and some mens sinnes follow after . But with vs , if peace continue long , wee shall wish with Athanasius , I would all were hypocrites . The third kind is , an hypocrite vncased , he is called A Sunneburned hypocrite : who iudgeth all men to be as hee was before he was laid open : he commeth to bee vncased by this meanes , Augustine saith , when that is withdrawne from him , which he hoped for , it soone appeares whether he be a woolfe in a sheeps skinne . We may see it in the matters of the Church , when there is prefermēt looked for . The fourth kind is in a sheepes skin , but his eares hang out so long , that he is easily espied , these are the broken visourd hypocrites : to play the hypocrite , thus there needes no great wit : for an asse may be such an hypocrite , and any that can take him by the eares , may say , Thou hypocrite . There are seuen notes to know an hypocrite by , in reprehending one , first they do 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 espie espie things , they doe not 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , as Master Beza noteth . Hypocrites are narrow lookers , in Hebrue they are called spies , shifters , or sisters . The Christiā man would rather they should be cast out ( if they be infirmities ) and he neuer see them , as Sem and Iaphet couered their fathers nakednes , and saw it not ; but C ham beheld and laughed at it : these are those which proclaime mens imperfections : it was Iosephs commendations to doe the contrarie ; hee would not make Marie a publike example , though he had great suspition . The second note is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they neuer set vpon themselues , they haue no leisure to do it , but they haue small delight in it : if one telleth them of any fault in their eye , they reply , why me thinkes your eyes are not well neither . First , he will say they aile nothing at all , or denie it in part , or if he graunt it , he saith it doth not hinder his sight , or it is not so well as it might be ; and these hypocrites cast out no faults , but such as are extenuated , and it is a rule in Rhetorike , euery sinne may be extenuated . A third note is , that hee will say , my brother : the Chaldie paraphrast willeth vs to obserue , he is an hypocrite , for behold his tongue . They salute their brother in the morning with an high voyce , so the Pharisees said to Christ , We know thou art a good man , and hast no respect of persons : but in their conceite , and among themselues they said , Tush , hee is a Galilean . The fourth note is this , they come with a Sine , let him alone , they will doe nothing but as you will suffer them , all is loue and charitie . But if he haue authoritie , he must not say , Suffer me , I will cast him foorth : for saith one , Thou standest not to intreate thy beast , thou powrest in with a horne : so thou must admonish , whether he will or no. Nay they will say , Sine me , Suffer me , he must needes doe it . A fist signe is of an hypocritical Ephramite . The Tribe of Ephraim said , Why were we not called ? But good men care not who doe it , so it bee done : the other shew that they desire not the fact , but the glorie of the fact . Thus they espie , and cannot cast out any sinne : it is twentie to one , that such hypocrites cannot so much as espie sinnes aright , and yet they will promise a casting out too , they take vpon them more than they can doe . The sixt note is , they will be doing with motes : It may be asked , whether these fellowes haue no neighbours with beames in their eyes ? Certainly they haue : why then doe they speake so to that brother , that hath the mo●e ? This is an infallible note of an hypocrite : for as Chrysostome saith , It was rather to make a stop-game , or that he might seeme very iust : for which cause he spieth out the best to reprehend , that he may seeme as good as he . For the way to make men euen , is either to grow higher , or because he could not doe that , he will pull the other lower : which indeede he cannot doe . But hypocrites thinking their tongues are their owne , will be bold to doe it to them which are good . The last note is , Matth. 23. They lay great burthens on others , but touch them not themselues with the least of their fingers . You doe well ( say they ) to leade such a strict life , they will haue other men liue like Angels , and they themselues like Deuils . Some more effectuall notes , and of more common vse than these are set downe , Matth. 23. But some may say and gather hereupon : If it be a grosse hypocrisie to reprehend , I will not deale with it at all : and these are either fearfull , or wickedly subtile , and they are worse than the other . Wee must not mislike the doing of an hypocrite further than God misliketh ▪ his misliking must bee our rule : and hee blameth him not for the outside , but for the inside . A reprehension is good , but in him it is ill accidentally , as the best things in the Gospell may be . The Pharisies were reprehenders , and our righteousnesse must exceede theirs , that is , comprehend theirs and more . Augustine saith well : Sheepe may not therefore cast away their skinnes , because wolues sometimes are coated with them . Euery outward thing in their hypocrisie was good , making of Proselytes , keeping Saints memories : and hee that hateth them for their abuse , shall prooue himselfe a foole in the end . Another kinde of men may conclude and thinke , that those that are such open offenders and riotous , not to be hypocrites , and it is all they can boast of , I am no hypocrite . But we know that he is a singular hypocrite , by Christs owne testimony , that hath a beame in his eye : Surely they are of the brotherhood of hypocrites . Esay , chap. 9. speaking of young men , of wilde youths , saith , they are all hypocrites . Iustine saith , Euery euill man is an hypocrite , more or lesse : none is worse than such . And yet if a man should see him in a mantle , and heare him to pronounce Iehouah in sixe lines , seuen times , hee would thinke well of him , he being darknesse turneth himselfe into an Angell of light ; and as hee is an hypocrite himselfe , so is his crue . The flesh shee complaines she is very weake , and cannot rise , and the spirits are dull , they cannot studie . But Dauid omitting his spirituall watch , fell seuen times worse than hee did before . The world is an hypocrite , you may see by the tares , which all good writers expound hypocrites , that there be bundles of hypocrites , though few beare the name ; Christ saith in the Gospell , Hypocrites , Esay prophecied well of you , you come neere me with your lips , &c. Of these there be many bundles : such are all they as will not goe one inch further in doing their duties , thā the precepts of men . A man might marueile at Saint Paul , that he called some the circumcised of God , and the Israel of God , as though there were any other Israel or circumcision : there are indeed the circumcised of Parliaments , and the Israelites of Princes . Many there are who , if Iosias his statutes were abrogated , would bee readie to take the statutes of Omry . There is another kinde of hypocrites called Heretikes , as the Nouatians , Anabaptists , Familists . The worst kind are those in the Church , which open well , vntil they haue a morsell cast into their mouthes . Diuers colour their hypocrisie vnder the cloake of affected popularitie , as Absolom . The cast of hypocrites is to ioyne to great men , that if they make a scape they may not bee medled withall . Secondly , they will ioyne themselues to good men , and if that cloake will not serue , they flie to statutes as in Daniel : and last of all to the cloake of religion , as Pilate to Christ , I adiure thee by the liuing God : and as the sonnes of Iacob did to the Sichemites , they gate them to circumcise them , that they might kill them . There is a kinde of dissemblers , that thinke it but hypocrisie to take vpon one the dutie of admonishing , and they say of themselues , that they are not cleane fingred , but cleane hearted , and that they are glorious within , for all that the world seeth . But Iames saith , they must be cleane fingred too . One saith to Augustine : It sufficeth mee that I haue a pure conscience : or that I haue a good conscience . Augustine answereth : Let not that content thee : but remember the words of Christ also : Let your light so shine before men , that they seeing your good workes , may glorifie your heauenly father , Matth. 5. This is certaine ( saith hee ) if there be a beame in thine eye , there is a whole stacke in thine heart . How comes it to passe then , that they that are more carefull than the rest , are called hypocrites ? Christ indeede might call the Pharisies so , for hee knew their thoughts : but no Prophet euer called any hypocrite , that had not a beame in his eye . But this is the pestilent practise of the Diuell to vexe the children of God with that sinne , which they cannot with any outward witnesses or compurgators so wel discharge themselues of , being a sinne in the heart . If a man be accused of adulterie , hee might shew the contrarie by circumstance of time , and place , and so acquite himselfe : but for this sinne no oth will serue , for then hee is thought to be greater hypocrite . Giue me all the Saints ( saith Augustine ) and say to them , and see how they can discharge themselues . Then the matter is this : two things are required in a Christian , which God giueth Iob , that we be both straight without , and sound within . FINIS . A TREATISE OF ANGER . MOses in the twelfth of Numbers is cōmended for the meekest man vpon the earth : yet Exod 32. 19. he is said to be angrie , and also is commended for it , and his anger is allowed : where wee learne , that euery anger is not forbidden in the word of God ; but that only , which is either without , or not for a ●ust cause ; and which is not measured by the word . For anger is in vs , as other qualities of the minde are : that is , if it be ruled by our corruption , it is euill , and is forbidden in the word , as a worke of the flesh : but if by Gods good Spirit it be sanctified , and ruled by Gods word , it is a dutie commanded ; and we ought to bring it ●oorth as a fruit of the Spirit . And many of Gods seruants in the Scriptures being angry for good causes , and obseruing measure , are commended for it : whose examples in the like causes we ought to follow . That we may therefore know spirituall and Christian anger from fleshly & carnall anger , and that we may discerne the workes of Gods Spirit in vs , from the corrupted workes of our flesh : it shall be profitable by some notes to make a difference betweene them , that so they may both be knowne . The first note or difference betweene these two kindes of anger is this : If wee can patiently swallow vp and ouercome iniuries and faults committed against our selues , yet in the cause of the Lord , we can be very hot , earnest , and iealous ; this is a good signe , that our anger proceedeth from the Spirit of God within vs. But contrariwise men in their owne causes , and quarrels , and when the iniurie is done to them , will be very hot , and angry , and marueilously much moued : but in the Lords cause they are as cold as ice , and there is no heate within them , which is a testimonie vnto them , that their anger is fleshly , and that it doth greatly displease the Lord. Therefore if when wee see a man commit any sinne , and we also know , that it tendeth to the dishonour of God , and the hurt of his owne soule , and if then we can be grieued , and if then we cannot chuse but be angry ; hereby we may know that our anger is good , because the glory of God , and the profit of our brother did therevnto moue vs , and not our priuate iniuries . Now if wee would be glad thus to make the glorie of God the chiefe cause of our anger ; let vs first learne to passe ouer iniuries done against vs , and quietly to beare them , and by that meanes we shal better learne more safely to be angry , when the thing concerneth the glorie of God , for if a man hath not learned to put vp his owne iniuries patiently and without reuenge , he shall mingle it with the other , and so shall passe measure , and most commonly he shall make both vnprofitable . Secondly , some men can neuer be pleased , and euery light trifle doth stirre them vp to anger , which cannot but be euill : and this proceedeth altogether from the flesh , this anger cannot be allowed . But spirituall anger is not easily stirred vp , and when it is , then it is measured by the quantitie of the fault : a small fault , a small and short anger ; a greater fault , a greater anger , & of a longer cōtinuance . For herein must we be like our heauenly Father , who is slow to wrath , chideth vs not continually , marketh not what is done amisse , nor recompenceth vs according to our deseruings . But continually vseth more meanes to cause vs to loue him , than to cause vs to feare him . And thus ought it to be with vs also , if we wil be children of such a father : so that we ought to striue and labour to be loued rather than feared , and by loue to allure , rather than by feare to compell . Againe , with the Lord wee ought to be greatly grieued for great offences , & for smaller offences to be lesser grieued . Now if a man finde himselfe to bee of a hastie nature , and quickly angrie ; know also that such a one exalteth folly , and that anger resteth in the bosome of fooles . But a man of a patient spirit passeth in wisedome . Yea , let him know , that such anger is not good , and therefore labour earnestly that it may be repressed in him : which that he may dolet him think and know that before holy anger there must goe prayer , that the Lord in mercie may rightly direct him in the same . If therefore we cannot , or do not before our anger , or when the occasion is offered , pray vnto the Lord , that he may keepe vs vpright in the same : we haue to suspect our anger , for we are in danger to fall and offend therein . Thirdly , it is a marke of Christian anger , when we are angrie with sinne in whomsoeuer wee finde , or whosoeuer committeth it ; for many will in their own matters and causes be very angrie , and in them will pretend a careful zeale of Gods glorie : but if a sinne be committed which toucheth them not , they can easily let it passe ; as if a mans owne wife bee a whore , his children disobedient , his seruants stubborne , and wilful , or if any sinne be committed which toucheth him neere , thē wil he exclaim & cry out for that God is dishonored and will say , Who euer saw such seruants ? What wickednesse is in children now adaies , that they be thus disobedient ? and what women bee these to doe thus wickedly ? In the meane time if another mans seruant be disobedient , if his wife be an whore , he cannot be angrie , he cannot be grieued Such men as these must needs suspect their anger , for herein they bewray want of faith , want of loue , & want of care of the glorie of God , which as it is aduanced by the obedience of others , as well as by ours ; so it is likewise dishonoured by the sinnes of others , as well as by ours . But when the sinne doth not concerne vs , if then we cannot bee contented , but the very zeale of Gods glorie , and the loue of our brethren doth moue vs thereunto : then may we thinke that our hearts be vpright in that anger . Againe , there be diuers , which when their enemies offend , then wil they be readie to cry out against it , and will bee highly displeased withall : but if their friends offend ; they can beare with them ▪ and thinke the sinne in them smal or nothing But Christian and spiritual anger is cleane contrarie , for it rather beares with the fault in his enemie , than in his friends , and will sooner more sharply rebuke it in his friend than in his enemie . Therefore such friends as can smooth a man in his sinne , are neither to be liked , nor desired : for , Open rebuke is better than secret loue , and the wounds of a louer are sweete . Wee see that if a mans child or his wife , or some speciall friend were sicke in bodie , they vse all meanes , that they might be restored to their health ; and if they did not , their wife , children , or friends would quickly thinke they loued them not : And why should it not be thus in the spirituall sicknes of sinne ▪ How doth a man loue mee , when hee will not vse all meanes to deliuer me from the danger of sinne ? When therefore our friends doe fall into sinne , if then wee can be angry , and that , when they doe most fauour vs , because the cause is Gods , and concerneth their saluation : if then wee can remember old loue , and temper wisely loue with anger to reproue them , it is a signe that our anger is not fleshly but of the spirit . Fourthly , there is a note of Christian & spirituall anger , which though it be very like to the former , yet it discerneth one from another , as much as any other doth . For many men will be angry with other mens sinnes , but they can neuer be angry for their owne . Against such as these , the Lord speaketh , saying : Hypocrite cast out the beame out of thine owne eye first , and then thou shalt see to cast out the mo●e out of thy brothers eye . And againe in another place : He that is cleere among you , cast the first stone at her . When we therefore can be first angry with our own sinnes , and more angry with them , than with others , yea when we can throw the first stone at our selues ; then is our anger of the Lord. For no man can euer bee angrie in vprightnesse of other mens sinnes , which cannot first be grieued , and angrie with his owne . If our anger begin first with our selues , and that for euerie sinne that is in vs , so that there is no sin which we are willing to fauour in our selues , or desirous to continue , and lie in it still , and no man is more grieued for our sinnes than we our selues are , and we doe more accuse and condemne our selues than any other doth , or can doe ; and againe if a sinne be not in vs , yet we be afraid least it may bee , and therefore wee vse meanes against it : then if wee bee angrie with the sinne of others , we haue this good warrant , that our anger is good ; yea , if we be accused or thought to be corruptly angrie , either with our own causes , or with our enemies , insomuch that mē condemne our anger , yet we haue the testimonie of our hearts and consciences to tell that it is not so , and therefore herein may we take sound comfort . Fiftly , some men there are , who when they are angrie with one , they will bee angrie with all , and their anger doth so chafe and ouercome them as it were , that they are vnfit for duties either to God , or their brethren . This anger is altogether fleshly , & to be condemned . That anger then which maketh vs vnfit to heare Gods word , to goe to prayer , which disquieteth our minds and troubleth vs , that anger , I say is to be misliked , though it were for a good cause , and in Gods behalfe : for the workes of Gods spirit do not one let or hinder another , but rather do further one another : insomuch that if we were cold in prayer before , yet this earnestnesse in Gods cause doth quicken vs vp , and maketh vs very readie vnto prayer ; if wee were dull in hearing the word before , wee are now better affected , and this true zeale and anger in the Lords cause , and for his glorie , will put an edge to euery good thing we goe about . True anger doth not let vs from doing our duties vnto God , nor diminish our loue towards our brethrē ; but rather stirreth vp in vs a compassion ouer them , for the wrath of God which wee see hang ouer their heads . And for that cause , we are in pu●● moued to pray for them more earnestly than before ; so farre are we from taking reuenge ▪ yea there is a greater care in vs , how we may helpe them out of their sinne , than to punish them for their sinne . So that heere anger for the sinne is ioyned with a louing compassion ouer the partie : and the one doth not so much moue vs to take reuenge of them , as the oher doth moue them to pitie their case . Here then is a speciall difference betwee●● them ▪ for Christian anger hath euer a griefe ioyned with it , both for the dishonour of God , & the hurt of our brother : but carnall and fleshly anger hath a ioy and pleasure in it , and ●eedeth it selfe therewith , and is puffed vp . Such godly anger was in Christ against the Pharisies , where it is said that hee was angrie and sorrowfull ; and in another place , when hee saw the destruction of Ierusalem , for their sinnes , for which he had bin angrie with them : it is said of him that he wept . Likewise Paul , threatning the Corinthians that for their sins he would come to them with a rod ; saith after , I am afraid that when I come , the Lord doe humble me , and I shall bewaile many that haue sinned ▪ contrariwise hee describeth fleshly anger to be such , as puffeth men vp , when they see the sinnes of their brethren . Now that we may come to haue an holy anger wrought in vs for sin , it is needfull that we labour for that affection which was in the Prophet Dauid when he saith , The rebukes of them that rebuke thee , haue fallen vpon me . Where the Prophet sheweth , that euery sin which was committed against God , he thought that it was committed against himselfe : and was as grieued and angrie therewith , because the glorie of God ( which was committed to his care ) was stained , and God himselfe dishonoured ; and this did make him angrie and zealous in the cause of the Lord : and this zeale must be also in vs. Which that it may be tempered , and not too rigorous , we ought ▪ also to consider how the Apostle Paul appheth the same place , when he would exhort them to beare the infirmities of the weake , and not to deale ouer sharply with them : he bringeth the example of Christ , who suffered for the sins of the people , as for his owne , and so accounted of them : So then we ought to thinke , that the sinnes which by our brethren are committed , are cōmitted of vs ▪ and are ours : which if wee can doe , it will much abate rigour and sharpe dealing in admonition , as also in the punishment of sinne . The Apostle in another place saith , Beare y● one anothers burthen , and so fulfill the measure of Christ. Now if wee shall ioyne these two affections together in vs ▪ first to thinke , that euery sinne committed against Gods maiestie , is cōmitted against vs ▪ and againe , that euery sinne which our brother doth , we in our own persons do the same : the first will breede in vs an anger and zeale for the glorie of God : the other will worke in vs patience and compassion , because of our owne flesh , and of the Image of God , which our brother beareth : and thereof will come a zealous anger ioyned with loue and compassion of the partie . By these notes may true Christian and spirituall anger be tried and discerned from that which is fleshly and carnall , that wee may follow the one as commanded in the law , and wrought in our hearts by the spirit of God ; and that we may auoid the other as forbidden in the law , and proceeding from the corruption of our flesh , that we may neither be fooles which are alwaies angry for euery thing , neither of the damnable and blasphemous family of fleshly loue , which will not in their perfection be angry at all : other differences there bee ; but if a man doe well consider of these , and practise them , hee shall easily discerne the rest . FINIS . A TREATISE OF BLESSEDNES . HE may bee saide to haue tasted true blessednesse , whom the Lorde before all beginnings hath chosen ▪ to saluation ; whose saluation purposed by God the father , is performed by God the sonne : to whom the election by God the father , and redemption by God the sonne is ratified by God the holy Ghost : in whome this assurance of faith is wrought by the word preached : faith breeding peace of minde ; this peace causeth ioy , ioy being accompanied with securitie , securitie working in loue , loue labouring with a care to please God , with a feare to displease God ▪ from whence issueth a desire of weldoing to others , indeuouring to bring them to the peace with God and man , which he tasteth of himselfe . Lastly , he is truely blessed , who besides all the former things , knoweth how to vse prosperitie moderately , and aduersitie patiently , wayting and looking for the accomplishment of God his promise in the kingdome of heauen . More particularly we will intreate of true happinesse by the causes and by the effects of it . The originall cause is the loue of God , in ordaining vs to bee heires of life eternall , Ephes. 1. 4. Matth. 25 34. Wherein is laide open the bountifull riches of the mercie of God to vs ward , in that before the foundation of the world was laide , the foundation of our saluation was made : before we sinned , the remedie against sinne was found : before the maladie , the Lord had prepared a medicine ; before wee were damned , he had purposed a way how wee should be saued . In respect whereof , seeing we are rather to reioyce in this , that our names are written in heauen , than if wee had power ( without hurt ) to treade on Scorpions , or had spirites subdued vnto vs , Luke 10. 19. 20. wee conclude with the Prophet , Psalm . 65. 4. Blessed is the man O God ▪ whom thou chusest , and causest to come vnto thee . The substance of this blessednes is our redemptiō in Christ Iesus , which is the Lambe of God , that taketh away the sinnes of the world , Ioh. 1 ▪ 29 ▪ by whose blood we haue the forgiuenes of our sinnes , Ephes. 1. 7 ▪ and by whose Spirit ( when we haue beleeued the Gospel ) wee haue the earnest of our inheritance , Ephes. 4. 14. The excellent price whereof is set out vnto vs herein , in that being filthy in the blood of our sinnes , he washed vs with his owne blood , Heb. 9. 14. in that hee being iust , suffered for vs being vniust , 1. Pet. 3. 18. in that we being of no strength & vngodly , he died for vs , Rom. 5. 6. in that we being enemies through sinne , were reconciled by him to God the Father , Rom. 5. 12. Wherefore seeing he is Blessed whose wickednes is forgiuen , and whose sinne is couered , Psalm . 32. 2. let not the wise man glorie in his wisedome , as though it made him happie , nor the strong man glorie in his strength , neither let the rich man glorie in his riches , but let him that glorieth glorie in this , that hee knoweth the mercie of the Lord , wherein consisteth our saluation Ier. 9. 23 ▪ 24. And let vs all learne the meaning of the salutation of Elizabeth to the virgin Marie , Luk. 42. Blessed art thou because the fruite of thy wombe is blessed . The formal cause is the illumination , of God his spirit , making vs capable of the former mysteries , sealing them to vs with such assurance in our hearts , that wee dare boldly crye Abbafather , that wee dare boldly say , If God bee on our side , who can stand against vs ? Such blindnesse , folly , and incredulitie possesseth vs by nature , that of our selues we can neither see into these mysteries of our saluatiō , nor beleeue the thing we see concerning our comfort vntill we haue receiued of this Spirit , which cōmeth from aboue . For none commeth to Christ , vnlesse the father draw him ; and how draweth he but by inlightening the hearts of his elect by the holy Ghost , Ioh. 6. 44 ? Wherefore seeing these things are not reuealed vnto vs , but by the Spirit , 1. Corinth . 2. 14. we end with that blessing of the Lord Iesus to Peter , Matth. 16. 17. Blessed art thou Simon , thou sonne of Ionah : for flesh and blood hath not opened this vnto thee , but my father which is in heauen . The instrumentall cause is partly within vs , as faith , & partly without vs , as the word , and the appurtenances accompanying the same , as Prayer , the Sacramēts , the discipline of the Church ▪ Faith being the ground of things , which are hoped for , & the euidence of things which are not seene Heb ▪ 11. 1. doth so applie the promises of God to our proper and peculiar comforts , that it sealeth vs vp to the Lord , affoording a certaine testimonie to our hearts , that we haue not in vaine receiued of the good spirit of God. Now , because there is a certaine kind of faith , which Satan himselfe doth broach in his schoole , and propounds as a principle to all his schollers ; seeing the Papists vrge faith in their vnwritten verities , the Familists will haue it in their foolish reuelations . The Turke requireth it in his dry speculations of Mahomet , and the wizzard will seeme to demaund it in his deuillish incantations : we must not beleeue euery spirit , but trust to the word onely ▪ which is our sure load-starre and touch-stone , and being it selfe firme , doth make our faith in it most firme , sure and vnchangeable . This blessednesse to haue the Lord communicate himselfe to vs by his word , is priuiledged aboue that praise , which the woman gaue our Sauiour Christ , Luk. 11. 27. as may appeare by his sharpe answer , Yea blessed are they that heare the word of God and keepe it . Wee conclude then with the Psalmist , Blessed are they that dwell in the house of the Lord , they will euer praise him . Blessed is the man whose strength is in the Lord , and in whose heart are his waies , Psal. 84. 4. 5. If the Queene of Saba coūted those men happy , that might stand before Salomon , and heare his wisedome , 2. Chron 9. 7. if Dauid thought it a high recompence and princelike benefit to preferre the sonne of Barzillai to sit at the table of Salomon : how great is our happines to heare the wisedome of Christ ? how high is our blessednes to sit at the table of the Lord , where not Salomon , but a greater than Salomon is present ; where not Salomon , but a wiser than Salomon speaketh vnto vs ? Behold then the causes of true blessednes , which are our election , redemption , illumination , & sanctification : all which are sealed vnto vs by the holy Ghost , the spirit working faith through the word preached , Christ Iesus so sending his Spirit to renue vs , God the Father sending his Sonne to redeeme vs , redeeming vs to call vs , calling vs to iustifie vs , iustifying vs to sanctifie vs , sanctifying vs hee sealeth vs by his spirit : and so by all these doth hee lay the sure ground-worke of our saluation and eternall blessednes . Concerning the effects of blessednesse , some are inward and some are outward , the effects inward are partly in respect of our selues only , & partly in regard both of our selues and of others : those in our selues are either concerning mortification , or about our sanctification . The first of these is both truly & orderly couched in that sermon of the Lord Iesus , Marth . 5. where those men are set in the first ranke , who are emptied both of the opinion of their owne wisedome , and of all perswasion of their owne righteousnesse : and of those it is said , Blessed are the poore in spirit , for theirs is the ( kingdome ) of heauen . Now because many haue lost their hold in iudgement , who haue not so throughly giuen ouer in affection : in the next degree happines is promised to such , who are so farre descended into the sight of their owne vilenes and sense of their naturall coruptions , that they are not onely conuinced of an vnrighteousnesse inherent in their iudgements , but also are much humbled for it in their affections , of whom the Lord of comfort hath thus determined : Blessed are they that mourne , for they shall be comforted . Further , for that Sathan laboureth and preuaileth much in ouer comming exercised mindes with pettie shames ( a thing oft incident to afflicted consciences ) the next be atitude is allotted to them , that are meeke in spirit , who mourne rather in themselues , possessing their soules in patience , thā murmur against others , as labouring in a secret disdaine of them : and of this sort of mourners the Lord Iesus hath pronounced this iudgement , Blessed are the meeke , for they shall inherit the earth . Neither must we be of too abiect a spirit , as they that will patiently suffer all things , because they would be troubled with nothing ( for that were rather a stoicall and vnchristian sottishnes , than an heroicall and Christian meekenes ) : but willingly submitting our necks to the yoke , by the Lord his appoyntment imposed vpon vs , we are rather patiently to waite for the time of our deliuerance , and by labouring to keepe a good conscience , we are to hunger and thirst after righteousnes : where with vpon the credite of the Lord his owne word , we shall in his good time be satisfied . Now that wee may continue sanctification with mortification , as wee ioyne together Christ his passion and resurrection , let vs adde somewhat of those quickening graces of the spirit , wherin some effects of Blessednesse doe appeare most euidētly : the first is peace of conscience and ioy in the holy Ghost , Rom. 5. 2. wherby we finde both truce with God , and are at league with his creatures : so as both for our comfort in the promises of God we haue accesse to him , to reioyce vnder the hope of his glorie : and for our confidence in the promises of God , we can lie downe and sleepe in many perils , because God hath either meanes to deliuer vs out of them , or else is readie to sustaine vs in them , Psal. 3. 6. and 4. 8. Of this thus speaketh the Prophet : Blessed is the people that can reioyce in thee , they shall walke in the light of thy countenance , O Lord , Psal 89. 13. Now , least we should deceiue our selues with some false peace and illuding ioy , we put vnto this peace of minde sinceritie , which the holy Ghost hath linked together , Psal. 32. 2. Blessed is the man to whom the Lord imputeth not iniquitie , and in whose spirit there is no guile . And Psal. 119. Blessed are those that are vpright in the way , and walke in the way of the Lord. Beware , least this vprightnes of minde be boysterous ) and voide of loue , without which all is as nothing but a swelling pride : so with this we make knowne our faith by fruites , and our feeling by sweete effects : For loue the enemie of securitie is carefull to please God , and fearefull to displease him : and blessed is the man that feareth alwaies , Prou. 28. 14. Blessed is the man that feareth the Lord and walketh in his waies , Psalm . 128 1. Lastly , this feare is ioyned with a care to please God in the obedience of his word , Luk. 11. Blessed are they that heare the word of God and keepe it . Those effects , which concerne not onely our selues but others , are of two sorts , and comprehended Matth. 5. The first , a Christian care to worke in others a taste of that sweete reconciliation , which is from God to man , or from man to man : whereof it is said , Matth. 5 ▪ 9. Blessed are the peace-makers , for they shall be called the children of God. Many may vndertake this dutie , but vpon some sinister affection : and therfore we require a fellow-feeling of the euils of others , mourning both for their inward defects & outward necessities , of whom Christ hath said , Blessed are the mercifull , for they shall obtaine mercie . Of the other the Psalmist speaketh , Psal. 40. 2. Blessed is he that iudgeth wisely of the poore , &c. And when wisedome ioyned with compassion & pitie , mixed with policie , doth worke such a moderation in our affections , as that wee may vse such a mercifull seueritie , where it is needefull , and a seuere lenitie , where the matter so requireth it : this causeth vs to auoide on the one side taking of offence ; for , Blessed are they ( saith the Lord Iesus ) that are not offended at me : and on the other side it teacheth vs to reach out our hand to the needie : for it is a blessed thing to giue rather than to receiue , Act. 20. 35. The outward effects are prosperitie , as a signe of God his loue ; and aduersitie as a thing sanctified vnto vs in the crosse of Christ , Psal. 128. Many temporal blessings are propounded , not vniuersally , but as restrained to them that feare the Lord , because indeed they haue the surest interest in them & right vnto them The like felicitie falleth out , Psal. 144. but to such as haue God for their Lord. And much more is , a certain gain and handsell of happines ariseth euen out of the bitternes of affliction , to them that feare God , in that thereby the Lord strippeth them from some sin , wherewith they might haue rotted ; or whetteth them vp to some actions of godlinesse , wherein their zeale began to freeze for cold ; or to trie their faith , which else would haue beene drosse ; or for the good of others that might make their profit thereby . The Prophet his testimonie of this is , Psal. 99. 12. Blessed is the man whom thou chastisest , O Lord , and teachest him in thy law Herevnto may be ioyned that beatitude of the Lord of all blessings , Matth. 5. 10. Blessed are they that suffer persecution for righteousnes sake , for theirs is the kingdome of heauen . To draw at the last to the consummation of all , this we make the full heape of all happines after this life to be filled with the Lord of life , and with the sweetnes of his presence , who is happie aboue all , that can be thought and counted happie . This is foreshewed , Matth. 25. Come ye blessed of my father , possesse the kingdome prepared for you . And Reuel . 14. Blessed are they that die in the Lord , &c. For thus shall we be ioyned to God the Father , the Sonne , and the holie Ghost , then shall all teares be wiped from our eyes , then shal our infirmities be taken from vs , then shall we dwell with the Angels , & with all the hostes of heauen in most happines , and blessednes it self . We see now by this chaine not forged by our own braine , but framed out of Gods his word , that he is indeed blessed , whom God chuseth , whom Christ redeemeth , whom the Spirit renueth , whom faith staieth , whom the Word , Prayer , Sacraments , and discipline build vp in the Lord , in whom faith breedeth peace , peace sinceritie , sinceritie loue , loue a feare of displeasing , and a care of pleasing God : in whom this care striueth to a mortification in pouertie of minde , this pouertie comming from a mourning heart , possessed in a meeke spirit , which hungreth after righteousnes : all these things being ioyned with that sanctification which lamenteth the sinne of others , and relieueth the wants of others , knowing to vse prosperitie and aduersitie as pledges of God his fauour , and vndoubtingly looking for the kingdome of heauen in the life to come . If any of these linkes be missing , the chaine is broken : if any of these members be wanting , the bodie of blessednesse is vnperfit . FINIS . A TREATISE OF THE DOCTRINE OF FASTING . Matth. 6. When thou fastest , prepare thy selfe secretly , not before men , but God which seeth in secret , and he will reward thee openly . Esay . 1. 16. The fasting that the Lord requireth , is , that you put away your euill thoughts , ceasing to doe euill , and learne to doe good : applying your selues to equitie , and deliuering the oppressed , helping the fatherlesse to his right , and letting the widowes complaint come before you . Esay . 58. Vnto whom he is like that fasteth , and yet ceaseth not to sinne . Behold when you fast , your lust remaineth still : for you doe no lesse violence to your debtors , ye fast to strife and debate , and smite with the fist of wickednesse . Zach. 7. 9. Fasting without true workes of mercie is vnprofitable . Shew mercie and ●ouing kindnes euery man to his neighbour . Dan. 9. Daniel prayed vnto the Lord with fasting . Ioel. 2. 12. Let vs turne to the Lord with fasting , weeping , and mourning . 1. Sam. 7. 6. The children of Israel fasted , confessing their sinnes to God. Acts. 14. Paul and Barnabas praied and fasted at the ordaining of Elders . 2. Cor. 6. 4. Paul proueth himselfe a Minister of God by fasting and praying . Luk. 2. 37. Anna the Prophetesse serued God by fasting and praying . Psalm 35. 13. Iesus Christ humbld his soule . Psalm . 69. 10. Weakened his knees . Psalm . 109. 24. And became leane with fasting . SOme fasts are generall and priuate , as the fast instituted of Hester and Mardoche , which was commaunded generally to all the Iewes , but yet priuately practised in their seuerall houses : some are publike and particular , as the fast of Ezra in the behalfe of the Iewes , which married strange wiues . This must needes be confessed first in him to be singular : Secondly , when they that feared the words of the Lord would adioyne themselues vnto him , to be particular , yet done in the Temple before , and for others to be publike . It may be granted that the fasts now of our time in the same sense , may be said to be generally vsed , that is in all and euery place of this realine , for that they may be vsed according to Gods holy ordinance , and in this sense it is often taken , both in the Scriptures , and common speech ; but as it is taken in our proper sense there cannot as yet be any generall fast obserued : when all those things can in no measure be performed , which in that kinde is necessarily required . It may be indeed , that such daies of generall mourning may come ( which God for his Christs sake turne away from vs ) as of generall warres , plagues , and famines : for then men will be easilie brought to generall fasts with the Niniuites . But these kinds of fasts as they are now vsed , and as in the Scriptures they are commaunded to be vsed , be to be taken vp in the wisedome of the spirite to mooue vs to mourne for many spirituall euils present , the very causes of generall dangers to come , which by these meanes may be preuented , and can be vnderstood of no kinde of men , but of them which are truely taught out of the word of God , to see and feele their owne sins , and the sins of others , and to feare those iudgements of God to come . And here holdeth the direction of our Sauiour Christ , concerning the rent cloth , and new wine ; for because it cannot be so generall , rather then there should be none , it is better that the doctrine be truely deliuered , and some example thereof shewed , to prouoke others by an holy emulation thereunto , that both the people may be deliuered from their ignorance , and also being taught the truth of the doctrine , that they should not think the vse of it vnpossible . Besides the true fast both publike and priuate truly taught , and faithfully practised doth deliuer vs from our errours : wherewith we haue bin intangled , keepeth vs from carnal liberty which otherwise we might take , confuteth the erronious , and dangerous opinions of the Papasts about fasting , and stoppeth their slaunderous mouthes , who of long time haue accused vs that we fast not at all . The necessity of fasting in our Church may easily be seene , for that we aboūd with so many sins : fasting is necessarily to be vsed with prayer , for the preseruation of Religion , & of the Estate , & that the word of God may be diuided aright , that the cōsciences of mē being terrified with their sin , they may see how they haue deserued the change of Religion , and alteration of this prosperous gouernment , though God in his mercie hath hitherto continued both , & will do still , if we still bewailing our sins , & amending our liues beleeue both his threatnings and his promises to be true . But aboue all , Fasting in these daies is necessarie , because our sinnes do more abound than before , greater tokens of Gods wrath doe appeare than before , more feare of danger both in the Church and Common-wealth than before , which being manifest , it is requisite not onely that there should be ordinarie preaching and praying for his Maiestie , his Councell , the Church & Common-wealth , which w● alwaies vsed : but also extraordinarie vse of those meanes with fasting , to preuent the wrath of God that may ensue . And cōcerning the ordinary defence against euils to come , it must be confessed , that as they are subordinated and ioyned with spirituall meanes , they may be good ; & without them they will not preuaile , because they want the help of prayer and fasting . It were too great security to rest in the ordinary meanes of defēce , as of wisdome , policie , multitude of armes , furniture of weapons , &c. and to boast in these , because God resisteth the proud , & giueth grace to the humble . So thē the neglect of this exercise of humbling our selues will declare our securitie , & securitie sheweth our pride , & doth bewray our infidelity . Neither is the end of praier or fasting , the neglect of the ordinary meanes , but the pulling away of our confidence in them ; that we might rest in the only power and goodnes of God. Which how necessarie a thing it is , plainely appeareth in the two great ouerthrowes which the Israelites had of the Beniamites , wheras they being more in number , better appointed in the defence of a good cause , were notwithstanding constrained twice to retire with great slaughter , vntill at the last by casting off all confidence in themselues , by prayer and fasting acknowledging themselues to be nothing , they obtained victorie . For then shall corporal means most preuaile , when all the spiritual , which God commandeth haue been truly vsed : And they are fittest to vse the outward meanes of defence , which haue learned to conuey their faith frō thē , by the publike exercises of humiliation , vnto the promises of God. If with fasting and praier we can wrastle with the Archangell of God , then shall we neuer be afraid of Duke Esau nor all his Edomites ; if we be Israelites to preuaile with God , we cannot be but Iacobs to preuaile with man. What should I say of our forefathers , which by this faith haue obtained their victories ? The time wold be too long to tel of Gedeō , Baruch , Sampson , Iepthah , Dauid , Asa , Iehosaphat , Ezechia , who through faith obtained the promises , subdued kingdomes , escaped the edge of the sword , of weake were made strong , waxed valiant in battel , turned to flight the armies of aliāts , of some of which it is pressed , that they did these things by faith , helped by prayer and fasting : and of the most part of the other it may bewel vnderstood . Seeing we are compassed about with such a cloud of witnesses , shal we be so bewitched as to dreame of the like victories without the like faith , or to imagine of the like faith , without vsing of the like meanes ? But it may be some will obiect , that this exercise of humiliation weakeneth the hearts of true subiects , and incourageth the enemies : this was of old slanderously obiected to Ieremie by the vnbeleeuing and carnall Princes , who would yet seeme to be wise politikes . I haue heard indeed of the Arch ▪ atheist Machiauel ▪ that writeth of the Religion of Christians , that it being practised in truth doth weaken their hands , making them cowards ; and emboldeneth their enemies against thē ( although there be no doubt many that think so ) yet neuer haue I heard godly or wise men say so . Neither doth this kind of humiliatiō lift vp our enemies the Papists at home or abroad , but their owne proud hearts & malicious attempts against Gods people : by both which ( seeing that pride will haue a fall , and before glorie goeth humility ) we may assure vs the rather of the victorie , hauing so many promises in Gods word for the same , confirmed with so many examples . In the stead of many in the Psal. 119. this promise shall suffice : They draw neere that follow after malice , and are farre from the law : thou art neere , O Lord , for all thy words are true . The terrible iudgements of God against the pride of Moab and other Nations ( who conspiring together against the people of God ) at the last were made their owne executioners , and the great destruction of blasphemous Senacherib his hoste . Ezekiah king of Iudah being set free from the siege , both these being wrought by publike and priuate fasting , doe most euidently confirme the same : which examples may serue for vs to look after others which are many in number . True it is indeed that the great security with the floods of our sinnes flowing ouer the banks in euery place , haue hitherto reioyced our enemies heart ; and if once they arme themselues with Gods wrath , ( which the Lord turne away for Christs sake ) then will they certainly fray vs : which to preuent all meanes will not helpe vs , vnlesse in fasting , weeping , and mourning we rent our hearts , though not our garments , vnfainedly acknowledging our sinnes , & trembling at his iudgement , that so we may turne vnto God with our whole hearts by repentance , by faith , beleeuing him to be gratious and mercifull , slow to wrath , and of great goodnesse . And this doing , we may assure our selues , that the terrour of the Lord shall be stricken out of our hearts , and the spirit of gladnes and power shall bee powred vpon vs : and through faith helped by prayer and fasting , shall we doe valiantly . Thus the spirit of God moued Ioel the Prophet , to threaten the people of his time liuing vnder a prosperous Raigne : vnto whom this obiection might as iustly haue been made , as against the exercise ; and a great deale more , because his Fast was more general , his threatnings more fearefull , his descriptions of their dangers more terrible . Againe , some may obiect , that fasting is an exercise of sinners : what shall we say then ? shall the hypocrisie of man make the appointment of God of none effect ? yea , was it not therefore appointed , that he which commeth hither of custome , may yet goe away with conscience ? may he not being reproued , and rebuked in his owne soule , and seeing his hypocrisie laid open , labour from thenceforth to approue himselfe , or at the least be without excuse against the day of the Lord. May there not be also at this exercise , some that come in trueth , and in the feare of God , whom God will accept ? is it meet that these children of God should be bereft of the vse thereof , for the abuse of the wicked ? Moreouer we are to be circumspect that we require not a daily fast ? for as in Physicke it is a thing most absurd to prescribe a continual vse of violent vacuation , & seldome of ordinarie foode : euen so it is as absurd diuinitie , to say , it is sufficient that preaching bee vsed at sundrie times , in sundrie places , and that fasting should be daily vsed : when as the ministerie of the word of God is as often to be vsed , as milke for babes to be nourished ; or as meat for strong men to grow vp to the fulnes of the age of Christ : & fasting is to be admitted , but as letting of blood , or purging some corrupt humour , when some great cause vrgeth the same . We lament the want of diligent Preaching , which some without a continuall course wherof thinke to be sufficient : A Christian heart may appeale to Gods blessed word , the true iudge of all them that are teachable , but the iudge of all , euen of the froward in the last day ; yea , we may appeale to the great inquest of all Gods children which know their owne sinnes ; yea to the experience of twentie * yeeres , which is a witnes so sufficient , that no exception can bee made against it whether to worke all and euery point of that knowledge , with a care to practise it , in any sufficient measure , in al places , so few Sermons so little preaching in most places , be not very insufficiēt ? The Law saith , that the mouthes of the Priests should alwaies keepe knowledge , both that they might teach the people by publike doctrine and exhortation ; and that the people might require of them by priuate conference ▪ The Prophets are commanded to crie and not to cease ; and the Lord is saide by their Ministrie to rise vp earely , and to stretch forth his hand all the day long : and the Kingdome of God is like to the father of an house , that bringeth forth of his treasurie things new and old for the daily food of the family . What is this that euery true Minister is charged with , as he wil answere it before the iudgement seate of Iesus Christ to preach the word in season and out of season ? Surely once in a quarter , and once in a moneth , may soone seeme to be out of season , or scarse in season : But sure I am that twice on the Sabbath , ( if Gods word be the iudge ) can be termed no more but in season : and to preach longer and oftner on the fasting dayes , may not be called in the Apostle his sense , out of season . Now to fast euery day were more than the Pharisies did , who fasted but twice in the weeke : if we will be counted the sonnes of Patriarches and Prophets : and the disciples of the Apostles , to take that liberty of Gods creatures , that they did , why should we be burthened with the traditions of Esaues , Heremites and Heretikes ? It is said of Basil the great , and Nazianzene the learned , that they vse thus to macerate their bodies with very often abstinence : but what followes after , they were made ( as a great learned Censurer saith ) vnprofitable to the Church , lying sicke sometimes halfe a yeere , sometimes an whole yeere . Why then should wee tempt God to lay an yoke vpon the disciples necks , which neuer our fathers were able to beare ? Seeing wee are dead with Christ from the ordinances of the world ; why , as though wee were in the world , should wee bee burthened with traditions ? as touch not , t●ste not , handle not , which all perish with vsing , and are after the commandement and doctrine of men ; which things indeede haue a sh●we of wisedome , in voluntarie religion , and humilitie of minde , and n●t sparing the bodie , but are of no value , saue for the fulfilling of the flesh . Moreouer wee must learne to make a difference betweene a temperate & moderate vse of Gods creatures ( which we call sobrietie , and ought alwaies to appeare in the life of Christians ) and an vtter abstinence from the vse of the creatures , called Fasting ; which neither by Gods word ought , nor yet by naturall reason can be continually or daily . And here let vs learne to auoide the extremities , & to keepe the meane in fasting , which master Bucer hath taught vs , who saith that if we ●schue not fasting at all , or fasting too much , wee shall fast aright . Call they this a fast , for a man to abstaine euery day from a meales meate ? to vse prayer at morning and at night , although that hee spend the most part of the day , and the whole night in the commodities , refreshings and pleasures of this life ? this is no sound Diuinitie . The blessed Baptists course , and rusticall diet of locusts and wilde hony , which he vsed according to the nature of the barren and wilde soile wherein hee liued , maketh nothing for this purpose , vnlesse those that will haue it vsed , put on also the Camels hayte● His disciples which foolishly followed him without a warrant of that ( which he did vpon good ground ) are said to fast , not euery day , but oftentimes . The hyperbolicall phrases of praying and fasting , and of the continuall abode day and night in the Temple of the ancient Anna , a widowe of fourescore and foure yeeres , liuing in contemplation , will not serue to proue , that a daily exercise of fasting should bee vsed of married folkes , and others that leade a life actiue , either ciuill or ecclesi●sticall , who for their yeeres may endure the traueiles of their minde and bodie , and by their calling are bound sixe dayes in the weeke , without some speciall occasion to follow the workes of the same , and on the seuenth day to celebrate a feast vnto the Lord , and not a fast with the Maniche●s . Thus the most excellent seruants of God , Dauid , Daniel , and Paul are most notably commended vnto vs for their holy exercises of prayer , and fasting : whereof one ( as we read ) they vsed daily and according to their ordinarie wants : the other vpon speciall and extraordinarie needes , which God did presse them with . These examples are wee bound to followe , so farre forth as they followed Christ , who although hee fasted ( no doubt ) verie manie times , yet notwithstanding his life was so farre from a daily fast , that it was thought a continuall feaste . Indeede the Popish fast may well enough , and without danger to the bodie bee continually and daily vsed , and yet many wayes dangerous and hurtfull to the soule ; but other fasting being daily vsed , would bee both hurtfull to the bodie , in puffing it vp with windes , and filling it vp with corrupt humours , and also to the soule in that pride would bee ingendred and noisome opinions also nourished in it . A true fast requireth not an emptinesse of the bellie onelie , because the kingdome of heauen is neither in meate nor drinke , and that if wee eate wee are not the worse , and if we eate not we are not the better , and seeing the bodily exercise profiteth little , yea oftentimes hurteth much more in puffing vp the minde , than it can doe good in pulling it downe : wee must as much , and as carefully vse the word , and prayer , and other holy exercises , publike and priuate for the increase of spirituall things , as we vse abstinence from naturall , adding so many meanes to the inward man as we take from the outward : that wee may not onely humble our selues in body , but in both together , that we waite on Gods good time to receiue from him cōfort to our spirites , as wee looke and make account shortly to take sustenance for our bodies . Besides , the true fast requireth vs to rest from our ordinarie profits and pleasures , and if it be publike to heare also two , three , or foure Sermons in one day with long and feruent prayer ; and serious meditation before , in the midst and after these exercises , reuerent reading of the Scriptures , of singing of Psalmes ioyned with fasting , as it is perfectly taught in the perfect vse and true ende of this exercise . The Prophets Isaiah and Ioel thought it not enough to exhort the people to true repētance , but called also for the publike exercise of the same , which doctrine of the Prophets is sealed by Nehemiah and Ezrah , and the rest of the people , who notwithstanding had their notable profiting in the knowledge of the lawe , yet seeing the secret threatnings of the Lord against their spirituall euils , added this meane of a fast beyond the ordinarie vse of the word , leauing an example to the Church for her instruction in all ages . Were we as sharpe sighted , as tender conscienced as they , we might discerne greater iudgements threatned of the Lord against vs , and feele more spiritual euils in our selues than euer they did : for to let passe that great plague of the Lord vpon our times , as the Ministerie so ignorant and dissolute , such sacriledge by impropriations , and irreligious Patrons which are not all this while amended ; the carnall life of Protestants , the stifnesse of Papists which cannot thus long be conuerted , the dangerous dissembling of Atheists and Machiauelists in the Church and cōmonwealth : the long bitter contentions of the true professours , besides many moe euils not to be spoken ; and many knowne and professed euils in these dayes , against which hitherto neither lawe hath been established , nor the preaching preuailed : and wee forget our brethrens calamitie in the persecuted Churches , with whom we haue thus long , and still doe forget to mourne . Hath not the Lord himselfe blowne a Trumpet to our Fasts ? let then those which are the Ministers of the Lord be continually exhorting hereunto . God graunt them to rebuke sinne , to threaten the law , moue Repentance , and to vrge Fasting . OF THE SENDING OF THE HOLY GHOST . Acts. 2. 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , &c. 14 But Peter standing with the eleuen , lift vp his voyce , and saide vnto them , Yee men of Iudea , and yee all that inhabite in Hierusalem , bee this knowne vnto you , and hearken vnto my words . 15 For these are not drunken , as ye suppose , since it is but the third houre of the day . 16 But this is that , which was spoken by the Prophet Ioel. 17 And it shall be in the last dayes , saith God , I will powre out of my Spirit vpon all flesh , and your sonnes , and your daughters shall prophecie , and your young men shall see visions , and your old men shall dreame dreames . IN the former part of this chapter is set down the worke of God in sending downe the holy Ghost on the Apostles , as also the effects hereof , both in the Apostles , and in the hearers , wonderful in the one , diuerse in the other , the Apostles speaking with such strage tongues , the hearers hitherto not greatly moued , but secretly murmuring & saying , they had drunke deepely , and so became eloquent . Whereat Peter taking this good occasion confuteth them by two reasons , first telling them it was but yet nine of the clock , or the third houre of the day , at what time men vse not to be drunken . Nay , saith hee , it is so far off , that we are drunken , as ye suppose , that it is with vs cleane cōtrarie . For the thing is not come to passe , that one of your owne Prophets foretold you , it is not superfluitie of drink , but an aboundance of God his spirit , not promised by speciall priuiledge to vs alone , but to all sexes , conditions , and estates of men whatsoeuer , if ye be prepared to receiue it . For as the Lord hath bestowed the gifts of his spirit on vs , so will he also doe it to you , if ye wilfully refuse not : and therefore the Lord is readie now to worke wonders in the world ; & whoso either wittingly refuseth , or carelesly abuseth these graces , shall be snared in these iudgements , yet so , as the Lord being more readie to magnifie his mercie , than to shew his iustice , will accomplish this , that whosoeuer calleth on the name of the Lord , shall both escape the iudgements threatned , and also obtaine these . And thus much both generally & briefely for the scope of this place . More particularly we may obserue three speciall poynts : first , the liberall testimonie of Ioel , and his rich commendation of the grace of God in bestowing such graces on his Church vnder the kingdome of Iesus Christ , and this is set downe , vers . 17. 18. the second thing is , that at what time the Lord will thus deale with his people , the Lord will send many iudgements , as heresies , offences , dearths , plagues , and warres , which here are declared in figuratiue and borrowed speeches of blood , fire , vapour of smoke , and such like , whereby he will punish and auenge himselfe for the contempt of so gracious mercies , as vers . 19. 20. and the third thing is the meanes how wee shall escape such heauie iudgements , and attaine to such heauenly graces , and so perseuere in them , which is declared vers . 21. But before we enter further into the deep discourse of these particular poynts , we will obserue the occasion and the circumstances of this speech of Peter : the occasion was , that the people not profiting by the former and marueilous work of the Lord , the Apostle taketh occasion further to instruct them that were teachable , and to reproue the scorners : and yet he was not so offended at them , in that God his wonderfull works did nothing profit them , as that therefore he left off all , but he stirreth vp himsel●e the more earnestly , and endeuoureth familiarly to teach them . Whereby we are to learne not rashly , suddainly , or vnaduisedly too much to be offended at the not profiting , slender profiting , or back sliding of some ; but rather we must labour to attempt the matter with a new onset , remembring alwaies , that not onely a woe is threatned to them , that giue iust occasion of offence , but also vnto them , that in Christ doe take offence ; and therefore taking a view of our selues either in naturall or spirituall gifts we must trie our selues , how patiently we can susteine without offence , either the want or resistance of the like gifts in others : and yet we see , that if after some meanes vsed , men goe slowlie forward , and not make such speedie proceedings as is desired , men for the most part are readie to leaue off all , and are glad to draw out of the yoke of their duetie , as thinking themselues well exempted , and as it were discharged ; when as spirituall men in such cases thinke themselues to be stirred vp to the more earnest and painefull vsing of the meanes ; to which well meaning minds , and to men of so vpright an heart , the Lord often giueth good increase of gifts , that they may imploy the vse of them vnto others . And surely if flesh and blood might iudge in such a case , we would thinke that this present occasion might haue made Peter giue ouer and goe from the people ; but he more meekely and modestly as the foreman of the quest , followeth the matter , and answereth vnto them as we haue heard . We may reade Acts 6. how there did arise a murmuring betweene the Iewes and the Grecians , in so much as the Apostles credit began to be called into question , that they had not care of the widowes , which was a dutie belonging vnto them , as though they had the faith of God in respect of persons . This might seeme to be able to discourage them ▪ but contrariwise through the blessing of God his spirit they espied their own wants in themselues , and began to seeke a new Ministerie . Now if they had taken the matter too much to heart , they might haue become vnprofitable , but they meekely passing ouer the offence , and wisely looking to the counsell of God , thought themselues to be but men , and that they could not infinitely bee ocupied or busied in many things , ordained Deacons in the Church . This then we must make a speciall vse of , when for some good meanes vsed , or otherwise much vnkindnes is offered vs euen of our friends , or we find little thankes for our trauell , nay sometime reape reproches at their hands for our reward ; that then we growe not slacker in our duties , or waxe colde in loue , and droope in our affection towards them ; which if we doe , we shall bewray that our affection was meerely and onely naturall , and not spirituall . True it is and cannot be denied , that a kinde heart and liberall minde is most broken with reproches , but yet this offence must be ouercome , and striuen against in vs , after the example both of Peter in our present text , and of the rest of the Apostles in that former place , Acts 6. who rather tooke occasiō to accuse themselues , than to cease to be profitable to the Church of Christ. Neither is it , neither ought it to seeme to vs a strange thing , that the graces and gifts of God haue found such cold entertainement , yea which is a thing more contrarie , great repulses and reproches . Much learning , saith Festus , Acts 26. 24. maketh Paul mad : the workes of God his spirit here are counted drunkennes . Ezechiel is thought to sing a fond song ; Christ was thought to cast out diuels by the power of the diuell : Iohn Baptist was thought but a melancholike man ; Iehu being threatned , called the Prophet a mad braine ( for so they iudged of the Prophets , digressing somewhat from the set order and compositions of words and precepts of their art . ) So that the graces of God seeme often to men to be cleane contrarie . If this hath been alwayes the iudgement of the world , that , because they could no longer heare men , or further see into things , than either reason or art did guide them , they thought the Prophets , and Apostles railing spirits and barren soiles ; wee must not thinke it a new thing . And hearers are here greatly to be circumspect , that they thinke not so basely of men zealous in gifts of the spirit , as that they should account them mad , melancholike , or cholerike men , and such as either would hurt themselues , or doe some hurt to others ; but rather reuerently acknowledge , that there is a secret and mightie power of the Spirit , which the Lord often conueieth into the hearts of the godly . Men can for the most part well away with an ordinary course in preaching , and so long as it fals into an oratorie stile , and iust proportion of words , or so long as a man sheweth a wittie inuention , and comely composing of the matter : but if a man presse into the consciences of men , and with some vehemencie speake against their familiar sinnes , straight way they say , surely this kind of teaching bewrayeth him to be brainesick . And that we may be the more wearie herein , let vs consider who they were that inueyed thus against the Apostles ▪ were they not men out of euery natiō fearing God , and such as were somewhat religious ? yes surely . And who nowadayes will sooner and sorer open their mouthes against zealous preachers , than men claborate in arte , and skilful in precepts , who not being able by reason to see into this vehemencie , iudge them that vse it too austerely ? Wherefore as this must correct iudgement in hearers , least they iustly offend God in being vniustly offended at them that are zealous for the Lord of hoasts sake : so also it must teach the Ministers of the word patience , if sometimes they be wrongly cōstrued , & so recompence their furie with meekenes , as the Lord may humble their aduersaries the more , euen by their meeke dealing , of whom they thought so hardly : which vndoubtedly oftentimes is most effectuall euen to breake the hearts euen of the most obstinate gainesayers . And it cannot be gainesayd , that these men seeing the Apostles meekenes , were farre more wonne , and sooner humbled , than if he should haue breathed out furious speeches , and so haue ceased from his holy busines . And we shall see by experience , that men thinking one to be curious , singular , or precise , after the Lord hath sanctified some crosse vpon them , and humbled them in some measure vnderneath his hand , they are more humbled at the meekenes and long suffering of him whom they offended , than by any other meanes , because they then perceiue they haue resisted the grace of God , and persecuted the gifts of God in him . In the last dayes : That is , when Christ should be manifested in the flesh , preached vnto the Gentiles , belieued on in the world , and receiued vp in glorie , shall these gifts of the spirit abound . It is called the last day , because of the stabilitie of the Church , and perfection of the word , in that in it wee looke for none other doctrine , vntill Christ come in iudgement . 1. Corin. 10. 11. After that the Apostle had feared the Corinthians with the example of the Iewes , he commeth ●o applie his doctrine in this manner : Now all these things came vnto them for ensamples , and were written to admonish vs , vpon whom the endes of the world are come . As if he should say , these things seemed not to serue for them alone , but for vs in the last daies . And Heb 1. ● it is plainly in euident phrase said , At sundry times and in diuers manners God spake in old ●im● to our fathers by the Prophets ; in these last dayes he hath spoken to vs by his Sonne , &c. All which places in sense at the least agree with this place , together with that Galath . 4. 4. where it is called the fulnes of time . For the estate of the people before Christ his comming was childish and paedagogicall , and therefore men looked as Iohns Disciples for another that should come : and the Samaritanes had this generall principle among them . That the Messiah when he came would restore all things , and set them in order . Whereby we must learne , not to looke for any new doctrine , or reuelations of men . Christ himselfe is come , and hath made things perfit : Christ the prince of Prophets whom they looked for is manifest in the flesh ; by how much the Prophets were neerer him , by so much they had the clearer sight of him ; the further they were from him , the dimmer was their knowledge of him . The Lord himselfe hath spoken , the booke is now shut vp with a complet conclusion ; if any man shall diminish of the words of it , God shall take away his part out of the booke of life ; if any man shall adde vnto it , God shall adde vnto him the plagues threatned in the booke . And therefore all Heretikes , Papists , and Turks , wil not stick to agree in this common errour . The Turke though he doth not denie Christ and the scripture , but giues them their time and place , yet will haue a way for his Mahomet , who must expound the word to him as he please . The Papist in plaine tearmes dares not denie Christ and his Gospell , yet can he not see all sufficiencie therein , but complaining of some defect , he looketh to vnwritten verities , and leaneth to old traditions to be giuen to the Church , & therefore he will haue the Pope to be Christ his vicar , and looke whatsoeuer their Synodes do conclude , that must be established as a catholike trueth , measuring the scriptures by their traditions , and not their traditions by the scriptures . The damnable Familie of loue make the word ( which is a thing fearefull to bee thought , much more to be spoken of ) but a nose of waxe , or a shipmans hose , and yet they will haue their H. N. who is the eight person and the last man , who must bee ioyned with the Gospell , and so farre forth as hee with other gray-headed , and illuminate elders do interpret the Scriptures , they will agree . We now against these and all other heretikes confessing the scriptures of God to be perfect and absolute to saluation , ioyne none other thing with them , but say , that wee liue in the last dayes , wherein Christ left the fulnes of doctrine , of prayer , of Sacraments , and discipline to the Church by his Apostles ; and therefore we minde no reuelation , Mahometicall interpretation , nor traditions of men , but though an Angell come from heauen , & bring an vnwritten veritie varying from the trueth of God his word , we vtterly reiect him . Neither as running too farre on the other hand doe we vtterly and simply refuse all orders of the Church , although sometime there be no expresse word , but if by consequence , if by cause or effect wee can finde it agreeable or not repugnant to the word after triall had with the holy scriptures , wee will receiue it : thus to make the word the touchstone the heretikes will not agree . Besides , as in all other artes it is requisite , that whosoeuer will attaine sound knowledge of them hee must credit their principles , for otherwise as the verie heathen saw , there is no farther dealing in the learning of them ; so we haue certaine generall truthes and rudiments , whereby we traine vp new commers to Christ , and trie both old and yong by them : which thing our heretikes will not admit . We hold then certaine generall rules of the power , prouidence , and wisedome of God , of our redemption and saluation by Iesus Christ , of our effectuall sanctification , of the forgiuenes of our sinnes , of the hope of the glorious resurrection and of a better life , of obedience , prayer , discipline , and holy conuersation in despite of all heretikes , against which though they dispute , declame , raile , and write , wee will neuer leese the hold . Secondly , which is a thing vnto these men vnacquainted , we vse to marke the scope and drift of the writer , we compare the things that goe before , with the things that follow after , wee conferre one place with another , the olde Testament with the new , the allegories with the plaine speeches : we see a perfit harmonie in the scriptures , wee refuse all dissenting and disagreeing doctrine to the scriptures ; all which neither Turke , Papist , nor Familist will doe ; and therefore we haue the trueth in these last dayes , which neither Mahomet , Bishop of Rome , nor H. N haue : and therefore we will not be iudged by their reuelations , traditions , and dreames , but by the scriptures , whereby we iudge them : and in this sense we say the last dayes , or fulnes of time , because we haue the trueth . But yet the villanoust wretches which heape vp to the brimme the measure of their sins , will not also stick to say with vs , that these are the last dayes , that is , as they interpret it , who so cōmeth into the house of loue and is illuminated , is now risen againe , and hath heard the last trumpe , and is become of an Angelicall nature , needing no eating , drinking , or marrying , after the manner of men : and these are our ranging rogues , who will tye themselues to no calling , but liue as they thinke in the resurrection . See how needefull it is to vnderstand this phrase aright of the last dayes . We call not them the last dayes , in respect that no further time shall be , but in respect hereof that these dayes shall not be ended vntill Christ come , and giue vp the kingdome to God the Father : and as these last dayes were begun at his first comming in humilitie in the fleshe , so they shall ende at his last comming in glorie to iudgement . It followeth in our text : In the last dayes , saith God. All the Scriptures are worthie to bee heard , because they proceed from God , and not from man , although man may be the pen of the holy Ghost . Wherefore it is said , 2. Pet. 1. 20. 21. First knowe this , that no prophecie in Scripture is of priuate motion . For the prophecie came not in old time by the will of man , but holy men of God spake as they were moued by the holy Ghost . The Prophets wholy to disauthorise themselues , in all their waightie embassages , vse to say : Thus saith the Lord of hosts : Thus saith the Lord the holy one , and such like : whereby they would purchase the greater credit , whilest they remoue the imagination of men from all dreaming of mans doing , and set their faith a worke in acknowledging it to proceede from God. Wherefore wee must so heare the word , as though we heard God himselfe speaking to vs , yea as though we either went vp to heauen , or God came downe to vs. Likewise whether we reade , heare , or meditate priuately , we must still thinke our selues in the presence of God , who narrowly watcheth ouer the pure vse of his holy word , remembring that holy speech of Cornelius , Act. 10. vers . 33. vnto Peter the Apostle , Now are we all here present before God , to heare all things commanded thee of God. It is also said in that exhortation to the Church to praise God , Psal. 95. vers . 2. Let vs come before his face with praise , &c. This is that which will humble vs , when we know that we come before God and his Angels , whose presence is described Ezek. 1. and therefore the Apostle . 1. Cor. 11. 10. to moue the womē of Cor. the more , telleth thē , that they are in the presence of the Angels . This meditation breedeth religion in hearing , without which whilest , we behold a man speaking as of himselfe and by himselfe alone , we are neuer moued , threatē he , promise he , menace he , comfort he , exhort he , reproue he neuer so much . No , we cānot throughly be wrought vpon , vntil we can say ; Surely it is the Lord speaketh to vs ▪ it is the word of the most high God vttered by man , wee will not receiue it as the doctrine of men , but of God , either as the doctrine to saue our soules , or to cōfound vs ; it is the mightie power of saluation , if wee beleeue ; it is a mightie power to cast vs downe to the hels , if we doe not beleeue . It is the word of God that moueth , not the word of man. For if a man were a Turke , how should he moue a Papist ? or how should a Papist moue a Turke ? If he take away Mahomets dreames from the Turke , or the Fathers traditions from the Papist , or the eight man his reuelations from the Familist , and vrgethem with the word , they are gone : so that it is the onely word of God , maugre the head of the deuill , that vnblindfoldeth all their errors , and is able to moue them , and conuert so many of them to the trueth as God will haue saued . Thus we see what the perswasion of God his presence and the authoritie of his word worketh in vs. Now before we goe into the other particulars , let vs by the way consider somewhat of the reason here vsed . Before he vsed a reason of probabilitie from the circumstance of the time , now he commeth to a reason of necessitie , because neuer drunken men could speake the wonderfull things of the Spirit . This argument is drawne from contraries : men full of drinke cannot so shew foorth the workes of God , men thus endued with God his spirit cannot bee drunken . On this manner Paul thus reasoneth , Ephes. 5. 18. Be not drunke with wine , wherein is excesse , but be filled with the Spirit . As if hee should say : if ye be filled with wine , there is excesse , if ye labour of excesse of wine , surely you cānot haue the Spirit ▪ Christ also vseth this argument : No man can serue two masters , &c. If a man wholy giue ouer himselfe to God , he cannot serue the world ; if all our minde , heart , and affections bee giuen to the world , wee cannot serue God. They then that are filled with wine & are drunken , cannot haue the holy Ghost . I say drunken , because otherwise there were no reason . For one may drinke wine moderatly , and yet speake wonderfully of the workes of God , and a man may after eating and drinking vtter the graces and praises of God , to shewe that he hath not immoderatly abused God his creatures . For it is a flat argument , whereby we may proue our selues , that , if after our repast receiued , wee can discreetly , reuerently , and humbly speake of things to God his praise and glorie , we haue not been immoderate or intemperate deuourers of his gifts ▪ This is a profitable argument , and worthie our meditation . In what worldly thing soeuer we exceede , we cannot applie our selues to God his kingdome . For if the kingdom of God be our chiefest delight , we shall vse this world , as though wee vsed it not . Wee are wont to marueile much , that after the word preached , our prayers made , the Sacraments receiued , there yet appeareth no change nor alteratiō in vs , our affections are as they were , our life is the same that it was before : but we doe not consider , that before we came to the word , prayer , and Sacraments , our hearts were fraught and ballaced with worldly cares , so that there was no place left voide in our affections for the word ; and that our hearts were so pestred and thronged with vaine pleasures , that there was no roome for God his spirit to keepe residence in , and for religion to dwell among vs. The due consideration whereof must waine vs from the world and surfeting pleasures , which locke vp our hearts that the Lord cannot enter in . We cannot well runne with the Hare , and hold with the Hound , wee cannot hold fire and water together , we cannot reconcile Christ and Belial , light & darkenesse , God and the diuell . If one be vp , the other must downe , if one be downe , the other will vp . Againe , we marueile that after the word preached , we are so ouertaken with our accustomed pleasures and profits , seeing that whilest we did heare , we had a secret and sweete disliking of sinne , and an irking of our selues for the same , so long as these after-thoughts correct the former . Surely I answere out of Paul , 2. Cor. 3. 3. because we are yet carnall , we are more carnall than spirituall , we are babes in Christ , we haue but young beginnings in Christ , but old proceedings in the world . Why then doe we come to God so halting and limping ? euen because we are not come to any good growth in new birth . Howbeit , let vs beware that we continue not still to be staruelings , least it breedeth in vs a sickne ▪ vnto death both of body and soule . If we were more spirituall than carnall , & had the Spirit powred vpon vs in some plentifull measure , & were fully perswaded of God his prouidēce watching ouer vs , of the ministerie of his holy Angels waiting vpon vs , & assured of the glorie of the life to come , feeling the mightie power of the word , of the law to humble vs , of the Gospell to breede faith in vs , of the Sacraments to seale vs , of Christ to liue in vs ; oh how should we liue in this world ! Whilest Christ liued in Paul , he vsed this world as though he vsed it not , he felt such ioy in the fruites of the Spirit , that all other things were vile vnto him So the cause why good motions die in vs so soone , and the suggestions of the flesh preuaile so strongly against vs , is , because we are more carnall than spirituall . Many rules may be giuen , how a man may vse himselfe : but to set downe all , either we shall come short , or else in reaching some good measure of them we may swell in priuie pride , but learne this well , and learne all : which after a long part of a sermon our Sauiour Christ concludeth with Matth. 6 33. First seeke ye the kingdome of God and his righteousnes &c. This is hard : but if we come to any meane growth in holines , and taste how sweete the Lord is to vs , then we shall surely feele our flesh not to be so masterfull , neither shall it be so laborious to doe the good we desire to doe . The argument of the Apostle we see is this : It is so farre from these men that they are drunken , that it is God his spirit in them , than which two what can be more contrarie ? and it is written euen by one of your owne Prophets : In the last daies I will powre out my Spirit vpon all flesh , &c. This is now come to passe , and therefore Christ his kingdome is now . For whensoeuer God his Spirit shall come vpon all , then is the kingdome of Christ come , but now God his Spirit is come vpon all , therefore now is the kingdome of Christ come ▪ Thus the Apostle reacheth vs , how we may know when , and where Christ his kingdome is , euen where as well the young as the old , the women as the men , the seruants as the maisters can shew forth the workes of the Lord. In Poperie men and women , old and young , maisters and seruants , could not talke of the mysteries of God , therefore in Poperie there is not Christ his kingdome . And though our compound Anabaptists haue great things in their mouthes , yet because their men and women speake nothing but dreames , forsaking the word of God , they haue not the kingdome of Christ. In many places in the daies of Queene Mary both old and yong were not afraid to shew the praise of God , as well women as men boldly professed the truth , not only maisters , but seruants gaue testimonie to the Gospell with their bloud , and therefore then in such places appeared this kingdome . And we may safely at this day reason so in euery congregation , where old and young , men and women , can speake the praise of God , there is the Spirit of God , there is the kingdome of Christ ; otherwise , if these things are not there , there is not his kingdome , what meanes so euer are vsed . And now to braunch out these words more particularly , first we are to note , that God bestoweth such an excellent thing as his Spirit ; secondly that so excellent a thing is sent to so vile a thing as flesh ; thirdly this grace is not leased out to a few here and there , but is freely offered to all sorts , ages , sexes , and conditions of men ; fourthly , it is not distilled by thinne drops , but powred out in full measure and plentifull abundance . What more vile than flesh ? what more pretious than the Spirit of God ? the excellencie whereof we shall see more euidently , Ioel. 2. where after the Prophet had seuerely threatned the Iewes , and exhorted them to conuert , he comforteth them againe by promising vnto them the renewing of God his mercies , and not staying in telling them how the Lord would send them againe corne , wine , and oyle , he commeth at the last and putteth them in minde of that which counteruaileth all the rest , and saith , that the Lord will giue them his Spirit to be powred out vpon all flesh , which may seale and season all other his benefits , and which neuer should leaue them vntill they were come to life euerlasting . Aboue all gifts then in the world this is the gift of gifts the Spirit of God , in which one the Lord preferres vs not onely aboue all other earthly creatures , but also aboue many men like to ourselues , whilest he maketh vs Kings , Priests , & Prophets by powring the same spirit vpon vs. The excellēcie of this benefit Christ himselfe teacheth vs , where he teacheth the people to pray , saying , Which of you , i● your childe shall aske you a pe●ce of bread , will inste●d of bread giue him a stone , & c ? if you , that be euill , doe know how to giue vnto your children good things , when they aske them , how much more shall your heauenly father giue you good things , saith Matthew , his Spirit , saith Luke ? This is the top , this is the head , this is the height , this is the depth of all good things euen the Spirit Now , if this is life eternall , Ioh. 17 3. to know the Father to be the only very God , and whom he hath sent , Iesus Christ , and no man can euer doe this but by the spirit of God , whereby we know and beleeue this according to the word , and so liue for euer ; who will denie this gift of all gifts to be most principall ? If this be the dignitie of dignities , that we are the children of God , and heires of a better life ; how precious a thing is it to haue the priuiledge of God his owne spirit , which giueth vs the full title , interest , and assurance of all these things vnto vs ? Againe , if this be the ●ulnes of our reioycing in the day of Christ , that he is made of God vnto vs wisedome , and righteousnes , and sanctification , and redemption , and that through him we are as fully & more assuredly perfect , as euer Adam was in his creation , and we cannot haue this wisedome , vnlesse the Spirit telleth vs , how we are cleered thereby from our ignorance , we cannot reioyce in this righteousnes , vnlesse the spirit assureth vs , that by it we are acquited from our guiltines ; we can haue no comfort in that holines , vntill we know by God his spirit , it answereth for our impurenes and prophanenes , and so seuereth vs and putteth vs apart to the works of sanctification , we cannot triumph in our redemption , vntill the comfortable spirit of God stay our impatient spirits by an vndoubted expectation for the glorious appearing thereof ; without this spirit all things are death , but with this all things are life . This bringeth knowledge in the things whereof we are ignorant ; this brings to our remembrance the things which we haue knowne and forgotten ; this assures vs of things wherein we haue been wauering ; this ioyneth vs to God , and vniteth vs to Christ ; when we goe astray , we come home by the spirit ; when by it we are renewed , and by the same we are established , come life , come death , come honour , come dishonour , prosperitie , aduersitie , wealth or woe , the one shall not too much lift vs vp , the other shall not too much cast vs downe . If the Lord giueth vs an healthfull bodie , credit , riches , and authoritie , we are hereby resolued to glorifie God by these things , to redeeme the time , and so to possesse them as though we possessed them not : if the Lord denieth vs these things , and sendeth sicknes , discredit , pouertie , and obscuritie , the Lord will send a recompence of inward things , and wanting bodily health , he will giue the saluation of our soules ; in stead of outward credit , we shall haue credit with God , and be well thought of among his children ; and if wanting worldly riches , we be enriched with heauenly things , we haue lost nothing , hauing changed drosse and dung for gold . Without this , wit becommeth subtiltie , wisedome worldly policie , authoritie is armed to tyrānie , dignitie breedes ambition , riches engēders couetousnes Physicke is made vnfaithfulnes , Law proueth craftines , Diuinitie degenerates into heresie : to be briefe , without this heauenly gift of God sanctifying all gifts , the wiser man , the fairer man , the strōger man the fitter pray for the diuell , the meeter subiect for him to work vpon . But to haue wit , and therewith the spirit of God sanctifying it , what a thing is this ? To haue riches , and the spirit of God to vse them , is a double blessing ; to haue authoritie , and in it to be guided by God his spirit , what good may one , hauing this benefit , doe , either in Church or Common-wealth ? If the spirit be absent , all turneth to our hurt , to God his dishonour , to the establishing of Satans kingdome , and with this all things are seasoned with their vse , seruice , and ministerie vnto vs. Oh how are we to pray , that Ministers , that Magistrates , that euery one of vs may haue so great a good ! The Ministers , that they may purely & boldly preach Iesus Christ , that they may be Ministers of the quenching spirit , not Ministers of the bare and killing letter , that they may preach the crosse of Christ sincerely , and not themselues vain gloriously : Magistrates , that they may prouoke obedience by good gouernment , & that we our selues might liue holily both before God and men . This then is that which keepeth a tenour in all things , this giueth the pith and marrow of goodnes to euery thing . If religion come once but to serue for fashion , all wil be confounded . Among many rules this is a notable rule to haue our hearts filled with heauenly and spirituall delights , which fenceth out as at the doore and first entrie many idle discourses , and vaine platformes of worldly deuises , and causeth vs to vse this life as though we vsed it not . And as they that are giuen to the world , are not fit for God his kingdome ; so they that are replenished with good things , haue such an inward and sufficient working in them , as they seeke not after earthly things with those greedie affections , wherwith others doe . The Papists and Anabaptists rather babling than prophecying , shew they haue no true reuelations , how soeuer they bragge of them , because they haue not the spirit : and yet in that they are so painfull by their illuding spirit , wherewith they were deluded , to delude others , this must make vs ashamed either of our ignorance , or that hauing knowledge and the holy Ghost teaching vs , we trauell no more to winne others vnto Christ. For whosoeuer is so ignorant , that he cannot giue an account of his faith to God his glorie , and the edifying of others , he cannot say , that he hath the spirit of God. If any haue Christ his spirit , he is Christs ; if he be Christs , he must be a Prophetable to giue an account of his faith , being required , and so he is Gods ; if he be Gods , then come life , come death , come health , come sicknes , come what will , all comes well : if a man hath outward things , he is not too much puft vp with them ; if he hath them not , he is not too much grieued . But if we haue not God his spirit , surely we belong not to God. For haue we wit , wisedome , health , power , wealth , authoritie , credit , friends , or any such thing , and yet haue not receiued the spirit of God ; what are we but a more fit substance or subiect , whereupon Sathan may frame the worke of sinne ? It is not the poore , sillie , or simple people that be the maine instruments , which the diuell doth vse in his greatest affaires to doe hurt ; but the wise , politique , rich , and mightie men of the world . Contrariwise , if with these good gifts we haue the spirit of God ; what great good may we doe in Church or Common-wealth ? If besides the beautie of God his spirit , we haue the flowers of outward things , what a singular ornament is this to our garland ? What shall I say more ? In affliction the spirit sheweth vs the hand of God both humbling and comforting vs , reuealeth our sinnes , worketh in vs the contempt of this life , the desire of the life to come , and so sanctifieth our crosse by wisedome , repentance , and patience . Seeing then these are the effects of God his spirit , that it feoffeth vs by faith into euerlasting inheritance , it assureth vs of all our rich treasures in Iesus Christ , seeing it sanctifieth all inward gifts , & seasoneth the vse of all outward things : briefly , seeing with it all things seeming miserable are most blessed , and without it all things seeming happie are most miserable , it followeth , that of all gifts the holy Ghost is the most excellēt . Howbeit one thing here is to be added , that we may wholy separate our selues from the Anabaptists ; we speake of the Spirit , as he sheweth his force in vs , and worketh in vs by the ministerie of the word , which two worke together , and therefore it is said Ioh. 6. My words are spirit and life . For without the Spirit , the word is as the bright Sunne to a blind man , who not for fault of a pure obiect , but for want of sense is not able to discerne the cleerest thing in the world : and therfore the Prophet Dauid , Psal. 119 saith , Open mine eyes , O Lord , that I may see the wonders of thy law . True it is , the Sunne is bright , but what is that to a blinde man ? True it is the word is glorious , but what is that to a man without the spirit of God ? For so farre we profit by the word , as we receiue the power of it by the inward ministerie of the Spirit ; we must trie the spirits by the word , and we shall then know that we haue receiued the spirit of God , when he giueth vs the pure vnderstanding , the carefull receiuing , and zealous practising of the same . Carnall men and our late Anabaptists be but boasters of themselues , in terming themselues spiritual men : we are not taught so to bragge of the Spirit , or any worke thereof , but as it is warranted vnto vs by the written word : we confesse , that blinde is our minde , and that we cannot profit by the word , but by God his spirit : we looke not for the spirit in our phantasie , but for the spirit which worketh by the word ; which spirit spake by Abraham , by the Patriarches , by Moses , and the Prophets , by Paul and the Apostles , and by our Sauiour Christ himselfe . Seeing the spirit of God is so high a thing , we are here to complaine why we hunt after life , profit , and pleasure , and haue so small care to obtaine God his good spirit , which is so pretious . It is a great fault to fansie so much the things of this world , and so little to esteeme this . And here , not of a set treatise , but by the way , we will speake of the last part of our diuision , that is , of the meane how to attaine to these graces of the Spirit . We know rich men can for their increase frequent faires , ambitious men can get preferment , carnall men will watch their opportunities , and euery man in his kinde knoweth how to prouide best for his profit and pleasure . Our way goeth on the other hand , and heth in the carefull hearing of the word , the feruent vse of prayer , the reuerent & fruitfull resorting to the Sacraments , and most holy submitting of ourselues to the discipline of the Lord , in frequenting the companie of God his children , and in waining our selues from the world ; by all which meanes the spirit may haue a more voluntarie , free , and perfect worke in and vpon vs. And although all these things are not particularly here set downe , yet marke , here is named the most proper meane pointing at all the rest , and this , as ye see , is prayer , by the which the Lord conueigheth his spirit into vs , to make all the other meanes more pleasant & profitable to vs. Why then are not so many sermons now adaies more effectuall , when one or two sermons touched these people so powerfully ? Surely God his spirit worketh not in vs , as he wrought in them . Why , when any be conuerted , doe so few turne to the Lord , when as the Lord drew so many of these men at once to himselfe ? Because we are drawne away too much of our owne flesh , and taste not the sweetnes of God his spirit , as they did . But can a man pray for faith and God his spirit , which as yet hath neither faith nor the spirit of God ? Whatsoeuer good gift we haue , it is certaine we haue it by faith and God his spirit in some measure in vs , and then we may pray for the increase of them in vs. For it is God his spirit that prayeth in vs , Rom 8 True it is , that many haue receiued God his Spirit , before they feele it , and faith before they see it , and by this meanes they pray to receiue faith and the spirit of God , as they thinke , or rather the increase of both , thinke I , because they haue receiued them before , for els could they neuer truly haue prayed . But they then that are called , owe this dutie to Ministers , that they must pray for thē , euen as Preachers must pray for them . Thus we shall see the prayers of the Church , Psalm . 67. The Pastor for the people , the people for the Pastor must make prayers & supplications . Generally , all must so let their light shine before men , & so watch in prayer , that others seeing our godly life may say , oh what a people in wisedome & true godlines is this , it is a good and an happie thing to ioyne our selues to them , what zeale , what humilitie , what plentifull fruits of faith are here , blessed are the people that haue such a Pastor , blessed is the Pastor that hath such a people ! And here let vs remember , how the Apostles did not onely pray for the increase of God his spirit in themselues , but for the beginnings of it in others , which as yet had not receiued it : teaching vs thereby what is our dutie , to wit , that we rest not in our owne priuate feelings , or in praying for the increase of them , but that we pray that others may taste of the like ioyes as we feele , & that the seede of God his Spirit may bud foorth , that both we and they ioyning together in deuout prayer and Christian practise of our profession , may call and allure others as yet further from vs to come neerer to vs. But some will say vnto me : I was wont to haue better dispositions , and to feele sweeter motions , than I haue done of late , I profit little or nothing , nay I feare rather I goe backe . Why , I pray you , is this ? I say , surely God his spirit worketh not in me , as he hath done before , because I cannot haue such delight in the word , such sweetnes in feruent prayer , such ioy in the Sacraments , I haue not such a plentifull measure of God his spirit in me . Now followeth the second thing in these words : Vpon flesh . Here are two things in nature opposite one against another , the one most pretious , the other most vile . What more pretious than the Spirit of God ? what more vile than flesh , that is , than a man meerely vnregenerate ? That this word flesh so signifieth , it appeareth Genes . 6. 3. where the Lord saith , My spirit shall not alwaies striue with men , because he is but flesh , that is , such as in whom my image is blotted out . And Rom 7. 18. the Apostle saith , I know that in me , that is , in my flesh , dwelleth no good thing : In which place the Apostle speaketh of himselfe as of a man meerely naturall and vnregenerate . And Ioh. 3. 6. it is said , That which is borne of the flesh , is flesh , and that that is borne of the Spirit , is Spirit . Where the antithesis and contrarietie doth shewe the meaning of this word flesh . Here then is the depth , height , length , and breadth of God his mercie commended vnto vs , in giuing his holie spirit to sinful flesh : and therefore we may iustly crie out with the Prophet , Psal. 8. 4. what is man that thou art mindfull of him ? and the sonne of man that thou visitest him ? Oh what is man that the Lord should giue him his Spirit ! If the man of God cried out thus for the benefit of outward things ; how much rather are we to crie for the benefit of God his Spirit ▪ If Iob in his booke reasoneth , that it is a great mercie of God , that he will take paines to chastice man ; how much more mercie is it , when he will vouchsafe his Spirit to be giuen vnto him ? If then flesh is so contemptible a thing , that it lieth without all honour , vntil God doth send his blessed Spirit ; here is confuted the doting opinion of the Papists , who think that there is some good thing in man , which moueth the Lord through a liking and louing of him to bestow these inestimable graces of the spirit on him , when as of it selfe it is wholy , alwaies , and in al things corrupt , and onely euill continually . Wherein these blinde Diuines shew and bewray themselues not to haue tasted truly at any time of the spirit of God , but to glance at it with some glimmering sight to their further condemnatiō , as the foolish Philosophers For God his people doe plainly feele , and to the glorie of God boldly confesse , that there is no first degree or preparation in themselues , whereby they might moue the Lord once to cast his fauourable countenance towards them , but that it is onely the merit and the vndeserued mercy of God , that his spirit , which worketh any good proceedings in them , doth also begin in them , and the same spirit both continueth the worke , and maketh a way for the worke , which he himselfe must worke vpon afterward . It is said , Esay 44. 3. I will powre water vpon the thirstie , and flouds vpon the drie ground : where our nature for barrennes is compared to drie ground , and the Spirit to a fountaine of water . The Lord moreouer by his Prophet sheweth , that vntill by his good spirit he doth soften vs , wee haue stonie hearts . And can a stone bleede , though you bruise , cut , and breake it in peeces ▪ Surely no more can wee bee bruised , humbled , and broken in heart for sinne , be the iudgements of God neuer so sorely vrged vpon vs , vntill God by his good spirit touch vs. If it bee then a great worke to turne a stone into flesh , to make a thing most insensible most sensible ; then surely to make a stonie heart fleshie , and our hearts that are hardened , to melt , bleede , and to be resolued into teares is a more excellent worke , and this is the onely worke of God his spirit . And as thus much wee haue spoken for doctrine , so also it may make for our consolation , and for the comfort of al them that are broken in minde , and feele the burthen of their naturall corruption . True it is , that all generally and naturally are flesh , drie ground , and hard hearts : but all doe not feele this , all see not this , all lament not this : and therefore all that haue not the beginnings of faith , and haue not tasted the first fruites of the spirit , because they are but flesh ; how can they feele any thing in themselues ? But when the spirit commeth , that hardnes is taken away , the vale is rent , and then wee begin to complaine of our deadnes and dulnes , then wee will crie out of our selues as of men vnworthie of any grace or fauour of God. Then remember to thy comfort the couenant of God made vnto vs , that is , that God will powre out his spirit on flesh , and thou shalt receiue of the power thereof , if thou complaine in truth , and not as a Parrat counterfeiting the worke of reason . For as some birds can counterfeite mens wordes , so some men can counterfeite God his words . If then thou art not truly moued and purely affected , neither feelest such gratious working in thee , as thou desirest , remember that God will powre his spirit on flesh , God will powre waters on drie ground , God will soften the hard hearts ; and though in our selues wee finde no towardnes , the Lord will send flouds of water in steed of drinesse , and fleshinesse in stead of hardnes , and comfort in stead of heauines . Now followeth the third thing , that is , that this benefit shall vniuersally be powred out vpon all . And this setteth out the goodnesse of God that doth giue it , in that he doth it without respect of persons as well on children as on fathers , as well on seruants as on masters , as well on women as on men , as well on young as on olde : together with the fourth thing , in that this heauenly gift shall in plentifull measure bee powred out , in that the ions and daughters shall prophecie , the young men shall see visions , and the olde men shall dreame dreames . Wherein we obserue first the difference betweene the Law and the Gospell , betweene the Fathers vnder the Law , and those that are vnder the Gospell . We grant that we al had one substance of faith and repentance , only they looked for Christ to come , we to Christ alreadie come . And here are to be noted two other differences : the one , that then the spirit was giuen to few , and as it were to an handfull ; now it is giuen to many and to all nations ; then to one sexe more specially , now to both : the other is , that then they had knowledge , now they haue more and a greater measure both of knowledge and repentance . For young men shall see visions , and old men shall dreame dreames . This , I say , is the first difference that this grace is offered to moe nations . For the first was bestowed onely vpon the Iewes , for they onely had the Law , Psal. ●47 . 19. but now al is one , Christ is the head both of the Iew and Gentile , there is one shepheard and one sheepfold both of Iew and Gentile . The second note of difference is , that the young men should see visions , and the old men dreame dreames . This is a great benefit , and a singular signe of God his loue to his people , that they should some of them see visions , and some dreame dreames . It is said , Numb . 12. 6. that the Lord would be knowne to a Prophet among his people by a vision , and that he would speake vnto him by a dreame : and though then of al some did prophecie , some did see visions , some did dreame ; yet now all shall prophecie , all shall see visions , all shall dreame dreames : not that all shall be Prophets , as the Anabaptists , and Familie of loue doe gather , but that now sons and daughters , seruants ▪ and women , should haue as great knowledge , as they that among the Iewes were chosen Prophets . Now that it cannot be litterally vnderstood ( & there is great danger if it be not rightly vnderstood ) it is proued thus : Because there was neuer any age at one time , wherein all were Prophets , yet this saying was true and fulfilled in the Apostles time , and yet not so literally , that we can perceiue , that all the Apostles prophecied and saw dreames . Peter and Paul indeede saw dreames : but where shall we find , that all the other Apostles did so ? and yet this were not so fulfilled , vnlesse the hearers also should prophecie . But this was not so euen at that time , and therefore it was not literally fulfilled in them , that all sorts of men had all these gifts : and therefore it must needes follow , that it was neuer so vniuersally fulfilled , because either at that time it was fulfilled or neuer . For euen in the Apostles time all were not Teachers , neither shall it euer be in any time hereafter , because God is a God of order , and not of confusion , and hath appointed and purposed this diuersitie , that some should bee Teachers , and some learners . Wherefore the Apostle , after hee hath set downe the diuers callings of Christians for edifying of the Church , 1. Cor. 12. he addeth vers . 29. Are all Apostles ? are all Prophets ? are all Teachers ? Yea Paul proueth , that it was not then so . For as there be diuers mēbers in one bodie , & al members haue not the same office : so it is in the Church of Christ. For all are not Prophets , all are not Apostles , all are not Teachers . As if he should say : Wee see it is not so , but God hath otherwise disposed it . Ephes. 4. it is saide , that Christ when he ascended did ordaine diuers offices , some to be Apostles , and some Prophets , and some Euangelists , and some Pastors and Teachers , for the gathering together of the Saints for the worke of the ministerie , and for the edification of the bodie of Christ , vntill the number of the elect be fulfilled , and not vntil men become perfit in this life , as some men haue foolishly dreamed . Here we see some Teachers , and the rest the worke of the ministerie . Againe , Paul in his Epistle to the Philippians intituleth his Epistle to the Saints , which was the Church , and to the Bishops and Deacons , which were the Ministers of the Church : all the Saints were not Bishops , all the Saints were not Deacons . Besides , if all were Bishops , what neede the rules which Paul giueth to Timothie and Titus for the chusing of Bishops ? 1. Corin. 14. Paul saith , if any man be a Prophet , or spiritual , that is , a disciple : where he constituteth two orders , to wit , a Prophet or Teacher teaching by the spirit , and a Christian not of the cōmon sort , but taught of God , or one that hath receiued of the graces of God. And againe it is said , that young men should prophecie . Were then all yong men Prophets ▪ Indeed Titus was yong & a Minister , but he was chosen by Prophets , and foretold of , & had been instructed in the Scriptures from his childhood . For Bishop ▪ he is so called of his office , because he ouerseeth , & so he is called an Elder for his grauitie : which sheweth , that euen ordinarily then the Teachers were olde . Christ began not to preach , vntill he was thirtie yeeres old , and Iohn was old before he began to preach : and therefore ordinarily men ought to bee of good age , before they come to that calling : not that I thinke , that none ought to teach before they bee thirtie yeeres of age , but that it neuer was ordinarie , that any young man should teach : for it is giuen in precept , that Teachers should not be young schollers . But it is one question , what God may doe , and another what is ordinarily done . For God can , and doth often raise vp young men to shame the aged , as it may be thought he hath done euen in our daies : but this was neuer ordinarie , neither yet ought it to be . Women were not ordinarily admitted to this function , yet God to shew his power and to shame men , doth sometime raise women Prophetesses . It is said here , that women should prophecie . What was this euer fulfilled ? did women euer take vpon them the roome of teaching ? Indeed there was a Prophetesse among them , but that was not ordinarily . And when the women of Corinth began to be bold and to speake in the congregation , the Apostle giueth out a flat rule , that women should not speake , but learne in subiection It is said further , that seruants , maids and men should see visions . Was this euer fulfilled ? did they at any time take this office vpon them ? Indeed , if they had had the gifts , they had been fit , but wee see it neuer came to passe . And seeing it was not then fulfilled in the Apostles time , then was it not any time fulfilled before , nor in any age since . Yea let vs drawe an argument from the Anabaptists , and from the Familie of loue themselues ; this is not fulfilled euen in them . For are all of them Teachers ▪ Indeed if they could doe this , that were the way to conuert all vnto them : but they are not . For some , yea and the most of them are learners , & those men that seeme to be teachers , are not yet according to this prophecie full of the Spirit . For the abundance of God his spirit maketh his people the bolder . Peter was not afraid of the whole Councel : Steu●n made his persecutors and accusers ashamed , and the Apostles were alwaies the first to answere for the defence of the doctrine . But it is thus with the Familie of loue ? No surely . For come to the younger sort of them , then nouices and learners , they will say openly somewhat , and will giue some reason of their doctrine : but their Elders and illuminate men cannot be seene , they flie the light , and goe into corners . Are these men full of the spirit , who so cowardly forsake the triall of their doctrine , and leaue the poore people to stand to it , who are not so deepe in their reuelations , nor so well grounded in their mysteries of iniquitie ? Vndoubtedly they are not : yea rather the elder heretike , the ranker knaue , and he is called most notable , not which is most wise , but which is most subtile to denie a truth , and to set a face on a lie . Wherefore this is not fulfilled euen among the Anabaptists and Familie of loue themselues . This thing then cannot literally be vnderstood , they must needs confesse that there is a borrowed speech in the verses following , where mention is made of blood , fire , and vapours of smoake : whereby is meant , that there shall be great troubles , heresies , and such like . And here the Heretikes will graunt a trope , though in the former they will not . God spake of the blessings of the new Testament after the manner of the old Testament , because that was best knowne to the Iewes . This deceiued them , in that when they heard of the new Temple , they were zealous of the old Temple , and reioyced in that Temple which Herod made , though it was nothing like that which Salomon made , and this deceiueth the Iewes vnto this day . The like error are the Papists in . For where the Scriptures say , that in the time of Christ there should be sweete incense offered in all places : then , say they , behold the daily sacrifice , the sacrifice propitiatorie for the quicke and the dead . Neither of these doe consider , that the Lord in the old Testament doth adumbrate & foretell these things to come , and that vnder those termes and phrases , which were best knowne to the Iewes , and vsed of the old Prophets . This folly of theirs doe the Anabaptists see , and yet they runne as farre on the other side , as also doth the Familie of loue . One of them reproueth another , and yet neither of them will confesse his fault to the glorie of God , nor returne and receiue the truth . There may be also another argument , why this place should not be literally vnderstood , and that is drawne from the interpretation of the like places of Scripture . Exod. 19. Moses telleth the people , that the Lord hath called them to bee Kings , Priests , and Prophets . This is repeated by the Apostle Peter in the new Testament , & by Iohn in the Apocalyps , and is applied as in this place generally to all Christians . Now the Iewes did neuer thinke , that euery man was a King sitting in a throne , thereby ouerthrowing the politicall estate ▪ they thought not , that euery man was a Priest , taking that office of the Priest vpō him , but that they had the liberty of their consciences , & were freed from the bondage of men , & of sin , as also that now through Christ they might offer vp first their prayers , thē their soules and bodies to be an holy and acceptable sacrifice to him . Neither doe we at this day think any otherwise of the kingly Priesthood of Christians . And why then should wee thinke grossely and literally , that indeede wee are become Prophets hauing that speciall calling , and so take away that order of Teachers and learners , which God hath ordained . For as we be Priests , so are we Prophets : if the speech must be qualified in the one , why ought it not so to be in the other ? Againe , we say of prophecies , as we say of miracles . Before the word was written the Lord taught his people by visions and by dreames : and that hee might prepare them to receiue his doctrine and confirme them in it , hee both wrought miracles himselfe , and gaue power to others likewise to worke , as wee may see in Mose● ▪ E●iah , and Elisha : yea he gaue power to doe miracles , when the Law was written , because the Gospel was not yet reuealed ; and when the Gospell was reuealed , hee continued his gift , because the holy Spirit was not yet giuen ; yea and when the Spirit was powred out vpon the Apostles , yet this gift was in the Church , that as yet the Spirit had not gotten credit . But when the Gospell was reuealed , the spirit sent downe , and confirmed by signes and wonders , then the vse of miracles ceased ; not that there are no miracles at all now ( for wee doe not shorten the hands of the Lord ) but yet they be but few , and those extraordinarie . Now the rules whereby we shall trie them whether they be of God or no , bee these : If they doe either conuert and winne men to the word , or confirme them in the word who are alreadie wonne : if they be agreeable to the word , and beare the same maiestie in them , as doth the word , then may they be receiued as from God. But when they agree not with these rules , though the thing wrought be miraculous ; yet they are much to be suspected as the miracles of olde time were with reuerence to bee receiued . For God in his secret iudgement doth suffer some times such to be wrought , that the wicked and vnbeleeuers may the more effectually be deluded . Againe , we know that Antichrist commeth with signes , yea and the same so effectuall , that euen the very elect , if it were possible , should therewith bee deceiued . In like manner doe wee say of dreames and visions , vntill the Gospell came and had gotten credit in the hearts of men , there were visions and prophecies of things to come : but these being now ceased , it is not ordinarie , that the Lord should make all Prophets , or teach by visions and dreames . But what doe we stand longer to proue that this place cannot be so taken and vnderstood , as the words at the first shew might seeme to giue , especially seeing that the deuillish ouerthwarters both of Papists and of the Familie of loue are so grosse and papable in this point ▪ For such is the spirit of these men , and so contrary to the good spirit of God , that where the Scripture ought simply , and without any trope or allegorie to be interpreted , they will there turne it into allegories , as wee see many places peruerted by the Papists , and almost the whole Scriptures by the Familie of loue : and whereas the Scripture by conference of places doth shewe , that it ought tropically to bee vnderstood , they sticke bluntly to the bare letter , as in these wordes , Hoc est corpus meum ▪ The Papists here would haue no trope , & yet the whole course of the Scriptures doth inforce the same . The Familie of loue will in no place almost admit the naturall sense , as it floweth of the words , and yet here they doe bitingly abide by the word , notwithstanding all the former reasons . And this surely commeth to passe by the righteous iudgement of God , that seeing they would neither acknowledge , nor yeelde to the naturall sense , when they might , therefore they cannot see where a trope should haue his place . Thus it went with their great Master and father of allegories Origen , who giuing himselfe to follow his deuised allegories , could not through God his righteous and iust iudgement see those places , that will admir a trope . For comming to that saying of Christ our Sauiour , where he intreateth o● three kindes of chast persons , whereof one maketh himselfe chast for the kingdome of God sake , hee taking it too literally did cut off his owne members , and so grossely did misunderstand it ▪ The true vnderstanding of this place then is this , that in the Apostles times , and in the ages following there should bee riper knowledge , than was in the ages before . But if it be here obiected , that the men of our daies are not like the great men and Prophets of God , as E●●y , Dauid ▪ Ieremiah , or Daniel : to this wee answere , that comparisons must be alwaies in the like . Then , if we compare the Apostles with the Prophets , that were before them , we know , the Apostles in cleerenes and excellencie of knowledge did surpasse them . And our Sauiour Christ testifieth of Iohn Baptist , that he was the greatest among the Prophets , and yet that the Apostles and Ministers of the Gospell were greater than he . Then compare our Euangelists with the Patriarches , and they saw a cleerer light than these did . For Abraham sawe Christ but a farre off and to come , they sawe him euidently , and already come . Proceede to compare the common sort of people then , with the common sort in these dayes , and euen we doe see Christ more liu●ly painted out before vs , than they did : they had assurance that these things should come to passe , wee knowe that they are alreadie come to passe , seeing plainly the effects and issues of them . And thus wee see that God his graces are moe , and more excellent , than they were in the time of the Law. Compare Christ with Mose , and hee did as farre exceed him , as the Master builder doth the hired seruant . Compare their common Ministers the Priests and Leuites with our ordinarie Doctors and Pastors ▪ and they goe beyond them in the euidence of knowledge . All these notable men of the Law knew that Christ should come , and that the holy Ghost should come : but the maner of their comming they saw but very darkly , but we see it and reioyce therein . The plaine meaning then of this place is , that whereas God did in the old time reueale his will vnto some by visions and by dreames , now al sorts of men young and old , man and maide shall be instructed in the knowledge of God more plentifully and more perfitly . For it is to be vnderstood , as that Exod 19 Ye shall be a kingly Pri●sthood , &c. and 1 Pet. 2. & it must be interpreted as often in Esay , as chap. 11. in Ieremy , and in the Gospell a●ter Iohn it is saide , They sh●ll all bee taught of God , and that which is in his Epistle , the annointing shall teach you all things . These doe not take away the ordinarie ministerie of the word , but doe shew , that men shall not onely haue the outward meanes , but shall also haue the teaching of the Spirit And all of these are so begun in this life , that they be not performed to the full vntill wee be vnclothed of this flesh , and haue our full part with Christ in the life to come . This is the meaning of the place , and herein doe wee goe beyond the men of the old ages . And besides this , in the very manner of deliuerie there is farre more cleernes and euidence now , than was in the times of the Law. For the Prophets and holy men of God indeede laboured , but the fruite for the most part was little , and the Apostles , as Christ saith Ioh. 4. entred into their labours . Y●a the Apostle Peter goeth further , and saith , that they were a light shining in a darke place : but wee haue a surer light of prophecie . Further , hee addeth in the same place , that they serued not so much their owne ages and times , as vs , that are come after them Now hauing the right vnderstanding of this place , we are to be greatly thankfull to God , for that he hath not left vs to doubtfull dreames , but hath giuen vs the certaintie of the word written , whereunto serued all the former visions , dreames , and prophecies , and it is confirmed vnto vs by euery one of them . Thus wee haue the sense of this place , wherein it was fulfilled in the Apostles times , as Peter here witnesseth , and in this sense it was fulfilled in the Primitiue Church , as all good stories doe record . Let vs further see , what it is that men shall prophecie , that is , they shall be taught by the spirit of God in the word to trie themselues , to trie the spirits of their teachers , to teach others , and to be able to giue a reason of their hope before their enemies : for as the holy Ghost came vpon Christ , so must be come vpon euery one of his members , and as he was annointed a Prophet , so must his members also be Prophets . This sound knowledge consisteth in foure things . The first thing required in a Christian is , that he be able to trie himselfe and his estate ●efore God , whether he be in the faith or no , whether he be God his childe or no , contrarie to the doctrine of the Papists , and cold Protestants , that rest onely on common iniunctions and accustomed proceedings . Thus Paul giueth charge to the whole Church of Corinth ▪ 2. Cor. 12. Examine your selues , whether yee bee in the faith or no , and hereunto he addeth a fearfull speech , vnlesse you be refuses . Who so is not in the faith , is a refuse : and if a man knoweth not , whether he be in the faith or no , then he doth not know whether he be in Christ or no. This examination must be according to the Scriptures , for so saith our Sauiour Iesus Christ , search the Scriptures , for they testifie of me : and in another place he saith , ye erre , because ye know not the Scripture . Then we must not hang on the Preacher , nor on this , nor on that man , but we must beleeue , because wee haue found it in the Scripture , and haue been taught it by the Spirit , according as the men of Samaria saide to the woman , when she told them of Christ. Againe , we must not simply and barely knowe the Scriptures , but applie them to our owne vse , and make our owne faith sure by them , if we be not reprobates : and this is the first thing required of Christians . The second thing is , that we be able to trie our Teachers , not in euery thing that they speak , but in things pertinent to saluation . Thus we are commaunded to doe , 1. Corinth . 5. Ephes. 4. and in the Epistle of Saint Iohn , Trie the spirits , whether they be of God or no : and in the epistles of Peter and Iude it is said , that those were peruerted with heresies , that neuer came to knowe the truth , but were vnstable , and carried away with euery winde of vaine doctrine . Wherefore we must not be euer learning , and yet not come to the knowledge of the truth , but the trueth must dwell plentifully in vs with all wisdome , that wee may discerne the spirit● ▪ And when we haue waied and found any thing according to the word , then must wee receiue it as the word of God with reuerence , and if we finde any thing false in it , wee must be so farre off from receiuing it , that we must hold him accursed that shall bring it , though he were an Angell from Heauen . Foolish then is that phreneticall fansie of the Familie of Loue , which will say , we may not iudge , we cannot condemne . For euery Christian taught by the spirit may , yea , and ought in the libertie of the spirit to trie and condemne all that is not consonant with the holy word of God. The third thing required of a Christian is , that by his knowledge he be able to instruct and admonish others . This doth Iude in his epistle require , that we should doe , whē he exhorteth vs to edifie one another in our most holy faith . This also is giuen in charge Hebr. 3. that we should admonish one another , and Hebr. 5. it is said , that in respect of the times we ought to be teachers . Our Sauiour Christ also commaundeth vs if our brother offend , that we should admonish him . This dutie wee owe , and this we must be able to discharge , especially to them of our household , of our towne , of our kindred , and so by degrees to all men , as wee haue occasion to deale with them , and as our calling shall suffer vs. The fourth thing is , that wee should be able to giue an account of our hope , euen vnto our enemies . This Peter requireth in plaine wordes ; this doth our Sauiour Christ require , that if we would , hee should confesse vs before his Father , that we should confesse him before men . These things were fulfilled in the Apostles times , in the primitiue Church , and in Queene Maries daies , and this euen among vs may be found in many places : therefore this is the true and natural meaning of this place . This was neuer found in the Anabaptists , who the younger they were in heresie , the better they were in honestie : and if once they waxe old in their heresie , they grow not so much in knowledge as in subtiltie to inuent mens phr●ses , to delude and deceiue with new starched termes . They will auouch nothing before a Magistrate ; if they bee taken , they will reca●t ; if they die , they will say it is for treason and not for heresie . And although nowadaies there be found few Christians , which be able to trie thēselues , their Teachers , to teach thēselues to admonish others , & to giue an account of their hope before the aduersarie : yet we may lesse marueile at it , though they be not ashamed of it : when as some occupying the roomes of Ministers , and many wise and politique Magistrates cannot examine themselues , and much lesse trie others . Examine them , and deale with them in matters of a better life , of doctrine , or discipline , and they can say nothing but by act of Parliament , by iniunctions , and the common proceedings . If there were a contrarie blast of heresie blowne in their eares , they could not tell what to say to it , they would follow the Court , and doe as most doe , affirme as the superiours affirme , and denie that they denie ; because all their religion hangs on the Councels determination , and on the Kings proceedings . So that euery one is not a Christian , that carrieth the title and beareth the face of a Christian : but they indeede are professors of Christ , who are annointed with his Spirit , wherewith hee was annointed , whether in a dropping or more flowing measure . We see then what we ought to doe , and doe not : wherein we may be the more ashamed , that the Papist , the Turke , the Familie of loue delight so much in their studie . They be so carefull to dishonour God , we are carelesse to honour him : which thing ought to moue vs , and to make vs more carefull to seeke knowledge . Many so farre exceede , that they begin now to be ashamed , and they bid away with exercises of religion , they can leaue them for , and post them to others . I am no teacher , but an husband man , saith one : I am not booke-learned , but a poore artificer , saith another : I was neuer brought vp at schooles with these learned men but at home , saith the third , it is not for vs to be seene in these points , it appertaineth rather to Doctors . The words of God are here very flat : I will powre out my spirit vpon all flesh , &c. And surely , if any man hath not receiued God his Spirit , the Apostle pronounceth him to bee none of God his children ; and if wee haue the spirit , wee shall sheew it in the fruites of the spirit . Wherefore let vs cast away these vaine excuses farre from vs : We are young men , we must haue a fling , youth is vnstable , it will bee time for vs to be grauer hereafter , when wee become old men . Howbeit the Prophet Dauid saith , Psal. 119.9 Wherewithall may a young man redresse his way ? &c. And Eccles 12. 1. it is said ▪ Remember thy Creator in the dayes of thy youth , &c. If young men will appertaine to God , they must haue God his spirit , that is , such gifts as they may doe these things . Let none say , wee are old , our memorie failes vs , if our wits were as fresh as they haue been , we could doe something , now we can remember nothing . For men can remember things of vanitie done in their youth , and in chronicling thē they will weare tongues , and to fetch euidences of lands , or mony , which they haue hidden , their memorie failes in no point . Well , as the Lord saith , that yong men shall see visions , so old men shall dreame dreames . If wisedome and the feare of God be the crowne of old age , and without these the aged man euen of an hundred yeeres old is accursed , they had neede to labour for knowledge . Old men will pleade for their priuiledge to goe before young men in worldly things ; and will they hope for plackards to excuse them , if they come behind them in heauenly things ? None must say ▪ We are but seruants , and vnder others , wee must labour for our wages , and no time can wee haue as others , to learne such things , it is well if wee may haue the Lord his day to rest on , we must haue our recreation then , wee cannot alwayes be toyling . Well , if ye be the seruants of God as well as the seruants of men , men or maides , ye must by God his spirit be able to prophecie . Is your condition hard vnder the Gospell ; oh praise God , it is nothing so hard as vnder the Law. For in times past seruants were bondmen , little better in condition than bruite beasts ; and yet men being at that time in such an estate , vnder such heathen men ▪ did so carefully attend vpon the Lord in the word , and in prayer , that they would redeeme al times possible for to get knowledge and feeling . Wherefore all men must looke to this , men and women , old and young , masters and seruants . What will they challenge themselues to be Christians , and glorie in the title alone , and not esteeme of the dutie ? They will leaue that part peraduenture to book learned men , and to Preachers . Well , they must know that againe , whereof they are wilfully ignorant , that there is a mutual coherence betweene these two things , the title and the dutie . What ▪ ye glorie that yeare Prophets , and yet ye prophecie not ; ye boast that ye are Kings , and ye ouercome not ; ye bee glad to be counted Priests , and ye sacrifice not . Euen Papists , though they taught ignorance to be the mother of deuotion , can say more for their superstition , and Heretikes can say more for their diuellish opinions , than Protestants for the defence of Christ his glorious Gospell . Look but to the Papists and Familie of loue , how painfull and cunning they are to goe , to runne , to ride , to make one like of their heresies ; see how they will looke for you at markets , how they will entertaine you , what meekenes , what mildenes they will vse to salute you . This ought to shame vs , this ought to make vs labour more for knowledge , that when temptations inuade vs , when Satan accuseth vs , when heresie shal assault vs , we may stand stedfast and vnremoueable , we may edifie one another , and in persecution not be dismaied , but resist constantly vnto blood . Now , as Peter hath shewed that which Ioel prophecied to be fulfilled , so these verses following shewe the iudgements of God , which should fall vpon the Church for the neglect or contempt of these graces offered . There is some question here about the time . Some vnderstand it of Christ his comming in the flesh-some , of his comming to iudgement : others more truly thinke it to be that whole time , which is betweene his comming in the flesh and his comming to iudgement : and so it appeareth the most probable opinion both by the things going before , and by that which followeth after . For in the words going before , it is saide , In the last dayes I will powre out my spirit , now the giuing of the spirit was fulfilled in that whole time spoken of . Againe , that which followeth after concerning calling vpon the name of the Lord , is also meant of that time . Now it both that which goeth before , and that which followeth after , be vnderstood of that time , then it is probable , that that which is in the midst is likewise so vnderstood . And although Christ his first comming was a most glorious time , as we may see by the testimonie of the Apostle , yet his last comming shall be a farre more glorious day ; as wee may see Titus 2 ▪ 2. Thess. 4. where his comming is described to bee with Angels , and with a shoute . Yet because this glorie doth appeare in the whole course of redemption , it shall be good to vnderstand this as the places going before and comming after , that is of the whole time , in all which hee ceaseth not to offer these graces and to execute these iudgements As for the wordes themselues , some thinke them to be vnderstood literally , some allegorically and spiritually . But they admit both . First , that they haue vse in their naturall signification , it appeareth , because the Lord neuer leaueth his Church without some instructions in the Sunne , the Moone , the Heauens , and the Earth . For besides naturall eclipses in Sunne and Moone , and other exaltations , yet there haue been workes extraordinarie in them both , which haue been as prognostications of Gods wrath for sinne . Further wee may safely gather , that there was neuer any strange Eclipse , Comet , apparition in the heauens , shaking of the earth , strange and vnnatural births ; but after this change of nature some euent came strangely sooner or later : which shewed that men had broken their obedience with God , and were become monstrously disobedient , which the Lord maketh knowne to vs by changing the course of nature . Therefore wee say , that before great Earthquakes , plagues , warres , Comets , famine , or such like , goeth great contempt of religion , monstrous prophanenes : so they be the prognostications of some notable sinnes either in religion , or in life , or in both . Thus wee neither exclude the literall sense , and yet wee doe not admit that fansie , or rather frensie of the Familie of loue , because we graunt , that after strange disobedience and contempt , followe strange punishments and reuenge : so that the Prophet sheweth the workes of God for sinne either by the things following , or by the signes going before . It is a question , why at this time , wherein hee would shewe himselfe so gratious , the Lord should send such tokens of his wrath . Here wee see a contrarie order of teaching to flesh and blood , because God will then haue his mercie manifested , when he will shew his iustice . And because men hearing of the Gospell , imagine of a felicitie in this world , therefore Peter to awaken them out of this dreame , le ts them to vnderstand , that vnlesse these gifts be reuerently receiued , God will be most angrie , because they either refuse or abuse the mercies of God so offered . The vse of this is partly in respect of the elect and people regenerate , and partly in respect of the wicked and vnregenerate ; in respect of the elect , either before , or after their regeneration ; before their regeneration to bring them to seeke Iesus Christ. For though it is certaine , that God in time will call them whom he hath predestinated , and chosen : yet because his Gospell is not so pretious vnto them , as it should be , therefore the Lord sendeth them crosses , sometimes pouertie , sometime sicknes , sometime reproch , sometime a troubled minde , sometime priuate miserie , and sometime a publike calamitie to inuolue them among others , because they haue no more trust in the promises of God before they be humbled . And because men wil not easily or vsually be humbled by the bare word , the Lord sealeth it by sending of troubles , that when wee can feele no comfort either in heauen or in earth , but perdition and matter of damnation in our selues , wee should then be the fitter to receiue comfort in Christ. Againe , for as much as God his children haue one speciall fault or other , as priuie pride , vainglorie , selfe-loue ▪ or such like priuie corruptions , that the word of God cannot be suffered to draw vs out of these sinnes : for this cause the Lord sendeth affliction , & by his correction he draweth vs out of our ciuill righteousnes , & maketh vs make conscience of inward and hidden corruptions , and putteth them in minde by miserie , that the same corruption is ●●rking in them , which hath broken forth in others , and that naturally it did dwell in them , though repressed by the finger of God it did not violently flame out . Againe , where others lie in sinne , and know it not , because the very light of nature is choked in them , & God his spirit can take little hold to worke any thing vpon them , that the Lord might bring them to see sinne vnknowne , and to make conscience of sinne being knowne , the Lord visiteth vs with priuate and publike meanes , that as the wicked shall be without all hope , ease , or end tormented in hell ; so these in mercie and measure should haue their hearts broken : which because they would not doe by the louing inuocating and inuiting of them by the Lord , therfore it is done by some crosses . Secondly , it respecteth the regenerate either to continue them in their good estate , or to keepe them from some grosse sins . For God his children doe sometime fall , and alwaies may fall , if God keep them not . Because Dauid and Manasses had sinned , God sent them the crosse that they might not forget him . Now because the same may be in vs , if the Lord will powre out his wrath vpon the wicked , surely he will not suffer his owne children to be vncontrolled . We must not then , as some are wont to doe , say , Did not Dauid sinne , make ye so much at me , was not Dauid a great sinner and yet saued ? It were well indeed , if we would binde Dauids sinne with Dauid his repentance : or if we consider , how the Sunne was turned into darkenes , & the Moone into blood in his kingdome ; if we shall see the pillars of Gods iudgements , and vapours of God his wrath against him among his owne , how his sonnes rebelled , they that would be Counsellers , became traitors , and how the wicked caitifes insulted ouer him ; we would surely know that it did little helpe vs to reckon vp Dauid his sinning . This doth God to sow the lips of the wicked , that they should not say , that God doth spare and punisheth not sinne in his , and that they should not dreame of escape , when his owne seruants are so punished . And although God his children presently fall not , but are readie to fall , he wrappeth them often in the crosses of the wicked , not so much to punish any sinne present , but to preuent in them some sinne to come , that thereby taking away the occasion of sinning , he might humble them before they fall . Againe , albeit they be not subiect to grosse sins , yet because they are oft puft vp with priuie pride , dead , vnmercifull , dull , forsaking their first loue , sometime neither hot nor cold , luke warme , without zeale : briefly , in that they are not , as God his children should be , or as they themselues , sometimes and before haue been , the Lord in wisedome correcteth these wants and infirmities ▪ that from infirmities they should not burst out into enormities ; from sinning of ignorance they should not sin against conscience ; and from secret sinnes , that they commit not presumptuous sinnes . For this cause Reuel . 3. the Lord sent plagues on the Church of Laodicea ▪ not so much for grosse and notorious sinnes , but because they were not humbled and zealous enough , but such as might more easily haue fallen into deeper enormities hereafter . If men vse to trie gold seuē times in the furnace , not for any masse of drosse in it , but to proue it ; how much more had the Lord neede to trie our faith , although we be not giuen to any great and notable crime ? For as there may be two vses in the trying of gold , the one to purge it from drosse , the other to fine it the more : so there are two vses of corrections , the one to punish sinne , the other to trie their faith . And although the Lord more principally doth not punish sinne , but rather secondarily , chiefly trying the patience of his children : yet when men cannot accuse vs , neither we can accuse our selues , yet the Lord will purge vs from some secret corruption , which may breede a sinne in time to come . And hereupon it commeth , that priuie pride , secret selfe-loue , close couetousnes , hidden hypocrisie , and such like are counted sinnes of God his children , though of worldlings they be thought good vertues . But some will say : Is this the truth , ye sticke to ? Is this the Gospell , which ye professe ? See , what hurliburlies , see how many opinions there are , what a companie of religions are start vp , see what denying of the faith , what grosse sinnes are sprung vp , see what deaths , plagues , and warres are accompanied with it ? Surely it seemeth that this is not the Gospel . Before all things were in better case , no such disturbance in religion , no such noise of notorious sinnes , no such turmoilings on euery side , all things were at good quiet : but now we haue more troubles , than euer in former times were heard of . The wicked do not onely breake their neckes at this blocke , but God his owne children haue daungerously stumbled at it . For when Iob , Dauid ▪ Ieremiah without God his spirit beheld the prosperitie of the wicked , and the aduersitie of the godly , they confessed their feete had almost slipped , sauing that they durst not condemne the generation of God his children . To remedy this the holy Ghost saith , that , when the graces of God doe most appeare , then will the Lord send greatest iudgements for the contempt of his Gospell in the wicked , and for the neglect of it in the godly . Now this is foretold , that we might not be offended when it commeth : & this vse doth Christ teach vs to make of it , These things haue I told you before , that when they come to passe , &c. For to God his children , being but babes in Christ , this is a great temptation . And to come to our daies : Doth it not trouble men much , that there be so many vnlearned Ministers , of learned Ministers that there be so many vngodly men , that they see such oppressing Magistrates , such rebellious people , such carelesse gouernours , that there is such an height of subtiltie in couering and cloaking sin ; where is most knowledge , such running to sinne ; where is most preaching , and where the Gospell is receiued , that there should be such sects and heresies ; when they shall see the Papists readie to outface the Gospell , what may a man do now , or how may he stay himselfe , if the Lord should leaue him ? Surely God hath foretold it . Euen as the Sunne then shining bright , the Moone giuing light , the cleere aire are tokens of God his loue , so much more the word : and as these being darkened & obscured shew God his wrath ; so the word obscured doth testifie his wrath much more . Yea if dearths , plagues , famine , or such like come , we must be forewarned of them . And our Sauiour Christ , when men asked him signes , he told them of many : and Mat. 24. that there should be such wonders in the heauens , in the earth , and in the seas , that euen the very elect should be confounded almost . Now if Christ had not forewarned these things in the equitie of his iudgement , we might indeed haue had some occasion of offence . And for this cause our Sauiour Christ saith , Matth. 11. Blessed are they that are not offended in me , because such confusions shall be , that men will be readie to lay the cause of these things on the Gospell and on the word : and therefore blessed are they , that are forewarned of these things , and know why they come . If the Iewes would not heare the Apostles speaking the truth ; was it any marueile if they were seduced by false teachers ? If men doe not receiue the word in loue , is it any marueile if they be deluded with heresie ? 2. Thess. 1. If men neglect the peace of their mindes offered by the Gospell preached , is it any marueile if they haue warres ? If men neglect the foode of their soules , is it any marueile if they finde a famine ? When we see then that men turne the Gospell into wantonnes , and write against it , is it marueile if the Lord sendeth troubles ? No , no , when men shall see such a confusion , let them know that God will cleere his iustice , and recompence vengeance to the wicked , and restore the godly to their ioyes ; and yet shew them that here is no place of rest , but that they must lift vp their heads to heauen , where they shall haue rest without trouble . Now let vs consider , what these afflictions worke in the wicked , and to what end they are sent vnto them . Surely to plague them , and to leaue them without excuse . They are sent to God his children to humble them , to bring them to repentance , to keepe them from euil , to encourage them in good , and to recouer them being fallen . But they are sent to roote out the wicked , & to consume them from the face of the earth : and therefore he powreth out all the vials of his wrath vpon the wicked remnant . And these manifold plagues haue often come to passe where the Gospell hath been preached , because as it is the greatest mercie & treasure , if it be receiued ; so the vnnaturall refusall of it doth cause the greatest iudgemēts . So the Israelites in the wildernes were punished , first by idolatrie , then by plagues , & were rooted out of the land . And after Christ had spoken , the Apostles preached , & the Iewes remained vnprofitable , the Lord in his iustice , in that they would not beleeue the true Christ , suffered them to be deluded by false Christs , and that they that would not profit by the true Apostles , should be deceiued by false Apostles , and then being punished with famine and sicknes they were by the Romanes subdued . When the Gospell came to be preached among the Gentiles , and was contemned , the Lord first punished them by suffering them to fall into vile sinnes , and then after gaue them ouer to the Turke . We see how in the West-countrie , where the Gospell was preached and refused , the Pope was sent to them . So likewise must we make our profit herein . When God his Spirit falleth plentifully in vs , & yet men by his word will not be reformed , the Lord will send heretikes and wicked men to corrupt them . And will the Lord thus censure his owne people , and will he spare the wicked ? No : when we thinke all is quiet , the Lord will send plagues for refusing the health of our soules ; the Lord will send famines for refusing the food of our soules ; the Lord wil plague vs with warres for neglecting the peace of our mindes . And Matth. 24. the Lord hath set Ierusalem a type , in that the Gospell neuer continued quiet or vncorrupt in any one place aboue the space of an hundred yeeres . Well , if we see not the beginnings of these things , we are halfe mad ; if we will not feare the euents of them , we are worse than so ; if we will not profit by these things , wofull experience will teach vs our miserable estate . We see how needfull affliction ●s , whether we looke to God his children , or to the wicked . Miserie maketh mercie sweete , and trouble maketh grace gratious : Christ is then sweete , and Iesus is then a Sauiour , when we feeling no comfort at hand , are driuen and drawne out of our selues to seeke some reliefe abroade . And experience teacheth vs , that in prosperitie we are readie to nestle our selues here belowe , and forgetting the life to come we are blinded with the God of this world , & so we become worldlings , staying wholy in these inferior things Now , that God might by euidence prooue , how whom he once loueth he alwaies loueth , & to admonish others a farre off , he sendeth corrections to teach vs , that we may not stay here belowe . For , if iudgement begin at the house of God , what shall become of the wicked ? If the Lord so hamper the godly , how shall the wicked looke to escape ? Now in these distresses and miseries it shall be , that whosoeuer calleth on the name of the Lord , shall be saued : for so the Lord offereth grace in wrath , mercie in iudgements : so will the Lord moue his chosen and elect to desire these graces , and will cause these iudgemēts threatned to fructifie , whilest they that pray for the Spirit , which shall conuey comfort into them by the word and Sacraments ; and so shall not onely be preserued from finne and iniquitie , but also remaine sounder in iudgement and life , passing by these plagues to heauen , the wicked going downe by them to hell . This is then the third thing which in the beginning wee noted , the plaine meaning whereof is thus much : If ye will now but ioyne in fellowship , in prayer , and in God his worship with vs , you shall auoide these iudgements threatned , and receiue these graces promised the sure pledges of life euerlasting . Great is the grace and mercie of God , who doth appoint a meane to remedie such miseries , and a way to obtaine such mercies , and therefore it is worthie further consideration and examination . A SHORT TREATISE OF PRAYER , VPON THE WORDS OF THE PROPHET IOEL , chap. 2. 32 alleaged by Peter , Act. 2. 21. WHosoeuer calleth on the name of the Lord , shall be saued , Ioel. 2. ●2 ▪ By calling on the name of God in this place , which is but one and a particular part of God his worship , are meant and vnderstood the other parts of the worship of God. Thus the Scriptures sometime ascribe to this one other parte of God his worship : as Genes 3. Then began men to call on the name of the Lord : and Gen. 12. Abraham builded an Altar ▪ and called on the name of the Lord , that is , worshipped God. Againe , Psalme 50. Call vpon me in the time of trouble , and I will heare thee . In the new Testament we shall see the same . For this place is alleaged Rom. 10 : and 1. Cor. 1. the Apostle wisheth grace to all thē that shal call on the name of God that is , worship God 2 Timoth. 2. Whosoeuer calleth on the name of the Lord , that is , worshippeth God , let him depart from iniquitie . So that vnder this one part of inuocation , we see vnderstood all other parts . And in our English tongue , we rather vse this phrase ; We will goe to prayers , or , Are prayers done , than , we goe to the word of God to heare it , we goe to receiue the Sacraments , and such like ; when notwithstanding we frequent other actions of religion in the congregation besides prayer . And both Ieremie , and our Sauiour Christ calleth the Church an house of prayer , as Matth. 21. 13. Mine house shall be called the house of prayer , &c. It is an house of hearing the word , of receiuing the Sacraments , of executing discipline , as well as of prayer : but yet this one name comprehendeth all . Now before we shew the reason of it , how commeth it to passe that few care for the word , fewer for the Sacraments , and fewest for discipline , yet all shew themselues friends to prayer ; yea and Heretikes , which in the other things will depart from vs , will acknowledge this thing ? This is God his goodnes , that none doe forsake this . That by prayer is meant all parts of God his worship , it is manifest Matth. 24. 13. where our Sauiour Christ saith : But he that endureth vnto the end , he shall be saued . Now the meanes to auoide these iudgements come after , The Gospell of the kingdome must be preached to all nations . Iohn 3. Christ by the preaching of the Gospel must be lift vp , that who so hearkeneth to the word , should be saued . These are ioyned both together , Rom. 10. where it is s●id , Whosoeuer calleth on the name of the Lord , he shall be saued ▪ and a little after , But how shall they call on him , on whom they haue not beleeued ? and how shall they beleeue , vnlesse they doe heare ? So that as faith saueth , so faith commeth by the word of God. And Eccles ▪ 4. 17. and 5 1 ▪ When then entrest into the house of God , looke vnto thy feete , &c. In which place the holy Ghost first teacheth men to heare , & then to pray , because as they came into the Temple to pray , so also to heare . Likewise Psal. 95. first the Prophet saith , O come let vs worship and kneele donne exhorting to prayer , and after , To day if ye will heare his voyce , harden not your hearis , making mention of the word , because these must be ioyned together ▪ That the Ministers of God are ioyned to come to the one , and to the other , the Scriptures shew , as Deut. 33. where the Leuites dutie is first to teach Iacob , & then to offer incense , that is , to pray , as Psalme 141. and 2. Sam. 12. where the people acknowledging their sinnes , request Samuel to pray for them : who answered them , that he would not onely pray vnto God for them , but that he would also preach God his word vnto them , threaten God his iudgements , and proclame God his mercies to them , if they would repent . Act. 6 whē the Apostles found themselues troubled with the ordinarie ministerie of tables , they ordained new meanes , and they would giue themselues to the word and prayer . 1. Timoth. 1. and 2. Paul teacheth Timothie first , how he should preach to the people , then how he should pray for them : and so the Lord would haue the people as well to come to heare the word preached , as to pray . We shall see this the better , if we consider what the Lord requireth of vs in praying . First , a man cannot be heard , vnlesse hee doe the will of God. Matth. 7. Not euery one , that saith vnto me Lord , Lord , shall enter into the kingdome of he●uen , but he that doth the will of my father that is in heauen . Matth. 15. 8 ▪ 9. This people draweth neere vnto mee with their mouth , &c. But in vaine doe they worship me , teaching for doctrine mens precepts . Psal. 145. 18. The Lord is neere to all that call vpon him , yea to all that call vpon him in truth . And it is saide in the Prouerbs , that the sacrifices of the wicked are an abomination to the Lord , and his prayer is his sinne . Psal. 34. 15. 16. The eyes of the Lord are vpon the righteous , and his eares are opon vnto their crie . But the face of the Lord is against them that doe euill , &c. But notable is that place Psal. 66 18. If I regard wickednes in mine heart , the Lord will not heare me . Now , if we cannot call on God without faith , because Iam. 2. 6. saith , we must aske in faith , and wauer not : for he that wauereth , is like a waue , &c. and as Christ saith , whatsoeuer wee aske beleeuing , wee shall obtaine , seeing he taught his Disciples so to pray , Lord increase our faith : and Iam. 5. 15. the prayer of faith shall saue , because it is grounded on God his promises and infallible truth : and seeing with faith the Lord would haue vs ioyne repentance , because 2. Timot. 2. 19. euery one that calleth on the name of the Lord , must depart from iniquitie ; we must labour in all our prayers to come with faith and assurance , that in Christ we shall bee heard , waiting on the Lord in newnes of life . If such faith , feare , and holinesse is required of vs in prayer , seeing both faith and repentance , are begun , continued , and increased by the word , it is meete that the ministerie of the word should be ioyned with prayer . Therfore where it is said , Whosoeuer calleth on the name of the Lord , it is as much as , whosoeuer worshippeth and serueth God , although great calamities come , yet if hee be a true worshipper , beleeuing God his promises , repenting of his sinnes , and giueth himselfe to serue the Lord aright , he shall be preserued from all plagues ; and either he shall be taken away in mercie , if the Lord seeth him to be weake : or else if he liue , hee shall haue strength to passe thorow them , and by them take his voyage to heauen , euen as the wicked by them make a way to the hels . We stand on this point the rather , because most men nowadaies are of this mind , that , if they come to the Church to pray a little , all is wel , they haue bin very religious , not thinking it in the meane time so necessarie a thing to come to the word preached , which may breede in them faith and repentance . And therefore in that all will graunt prayer , some few forlorne persons excepted ; we say there is no true prayer , where is no faith , and no faith without the word : and therefore without the word neither faith , nor prayer , nor repentance . Now , if wee will aske on the contrarie , why the Lord rather nameth prayer , than hearing of the word : I answere , that naturally men had rather heare than pray , and then wee are fit truly to pray , when wee haue reuerently heard , because the hearing of the word inferring prayer , when we haue heard , we are most readie to pray . We shall see , that ignorant and superstitious persons much commend prayer , but not preaching : but come to them that haue knowledge , and they on the contrarie are more readie to heare , than to pray , and they will longer continue in hearing than in praying . The holy Ghost then not respecting Turkes , Papists , or such like , but professed Christians , which will bragge of their worship to Godward , teacheth vs , that all is nothing without prayer , knowing that neither foundation , nor continuance of repentance can be without prayer , the word and Sacraments are vnfruitfull without prayer , without which wee are vnworthie of any thing , because wee will not vouchsafe once to aske it of the Lord. I appeale to the consciences of God his children , who , that I might passe by other lothsome persons loth for to pray , know , that prayer is not a thing of the mouth , but of the minde ; not a sounding of the voyce , but a yerning of the spirit ; not a labour of the lips ▪ but a trauailing of the heart : and therefore will confesse , giuing God the glorie to their owne shame , that they had rather heare the word two houres , than thus seriously striue in prayer one quarter of an houre . And why ? It is a small thing to lend the eares in hearing , it is easie to feede our delight with hearing a man renewing our knowledge : but to set on worke the eye , the eare , the hands , to trauell with the heart to set the whole bodie in a frame of subiection , as becommeth them that pray to the Lord ( which sheweth , that prayer is a thing both painfull and laborious ) we shall proue it to be a very hard thing . Prayer bringeth the experience of the things which wee know , and without it we haue as little proofe of our knowledge ▪ as they haue vse of an hidden treasure , which neuer are the better for it . The word maketh knowne to vs the treasures of God his wisedome : but faith bringeth the experience of them , by applying and appropriating these mercies of God to our selues , & prayer is the instrument , whereby this faith is continued in vs. The word telleth vs , that God will plague sinners , prayer brings an experience of this : The word telleth vs , that God careth for vs , prayer proueth this : the word sheweth , that the Lord hath both power and mercie to shew to his people , prayer obtaineth the triall of this : the word reuealeth to vs the wisedome , prouidence , maiestie , and goodnes of God , prayer conueieth the certaintie of these things into vs. God will bee glorified wholy and onely , and cannot abide that wee should be fellow-partners with him therein . If a man come by knowledge , faith , and repentance by hearing , it is rather an infusion into a man than an action from a man , and it is the great mercie of God : but when the Lord brings a man on his knees , and humbles him in prayer , and constraineth him to aske all of God , that wee might heare rightly , and so vse the things heard , this breaketh the heart of a man , and makes him to say , Great is the Lord. This , I say , humbles a man to acknowledge his wants , this calleth downe many blessings both spirituall and corporall from the Lord. We know , that though a father is readie and fully hath purposed to leaue an inheritance vnto his children , yet to acquaint them with obedience , he will haue them aske things of farre lesse value at his hands : so God , notwithstanding he hath purposed to giue vnto vs an heauenly inheritāce , which in Christ is purchased , yet to continue vs in faith and obedience , he will haue vs to aske it of him . If mans wisedome can come thus farre , shall we not hereby gather the wisedome of God ▪ If man hath this pitie , shall we doubt of mercie in God ? and as prayer bringeth experience of God his loue , so also it proueth our knowledge , faith , and repentance . For if we will be suiters at God his hand , wee must not willingly displease him . For we see , that when we would obtaine a suite of a man , we will be carefull not to offend him , least we should suffer repulse : and likewise when we pray , we must addresse our hearts to obedience : and therefore the Scripture speaketh of clensing our hearts of hypocrisie , and vnfaithfulnes . If this care be had in suites for things corruptible , that willingly we will not offend him , to whom we sue ; then must wee know , that God is Lord of the spirits : and therefore to pray vnto him without auoyding things displeasing him , and doing things pleasing him , is but grosse by pocrisie . Hee must needes be a godly man then that prayes often , and if wee be so bold to pray , nourishing some sinne in vs , besides that we are dull in prayer , wee are inwardly both accused and accursed . Hereof comes such plentifull acknowledging of our sinnes in prayer , with a purpose to auoide them , hereof come such vowes and protestations of obedience : so that prayer doth not onely continue repentance , but also breedeth thankfulnes . For it is our corruption , when we know that we obtaiened a thing any other waies than by prayer , that then we ascribe it to the meanes : but when we see God hath heard our prayers , it sealeth our faith , it confirmeth our thankfulnes . True it is , that God giueth many mercies without praying : yet this must the more make vs thankfull , and nothing slacke vs in vsing the meanes which God hath appointed . That prayer further confirmeth loue to God , it is manifest alreadie : now we must shew how it worketh loue euen to our brethren . When a man comes to pray , and hath this choake-peare , that he must forgiue , or else not be forgiuen , he must needs be either an hypocrite in his prayer , or cease from prayer , or forgiue his enemies . It is palpable hypocrisie to desire God to forgiue vs many and great sinnes , and we will not pardon our brother a few and light offences . If we will take a view of the weight , height , length , depth , and breadth of our sins , we will confesse it hypocrisie to craue pardon for so many sinnes , being hardly brought to forgiue others a fewe trespasses . And for this cause the Scripture saith : If yee forgiue not others , yee cannot be forgiuen . If then Prayer be such a thing , as nature doth least entertaine , if it brings such experience of God his loue towards vs , if it so confirmeth Faith , continueth repentance , and causeth loue both to God and man , it is good cause that this is set to inferre the other , and to make all other parts of God his worship the more effectuall . Hee shall be saued . That is , in the midst of diseases he shall not be taken away , in the time of iniquitie he shall not be ouertaken : but in all these he shall suffer with Faith and a good conscience . Besides , by the word of sauing , is meant the obtaining of all graces , as pledges of our saluation , and gages of our inheritance : so that it doth not barely betoken an exempting of vs from the former iudgements threatned . Will a man then escape the wrath menaced , and enioy the grace promised , let him vse true and heartie prayer , which hath it fruite commended vnto vs both in the chapter going before , in the election of an Apostle , and also in the beginning of this chapter , in that being gathered together in prayer , the holy Ghost was sent downe . Now let vs speake a little of the circumstances . First , of the persons , it is said , Whosoeuer : Secondly , for the extremitie of the time , it is said , shall be saued , that is , from those iudgements , and endued with those graces , that euen then when there shall be so many opinions , that we shall not bee able well to discerne the truth , when wickednes shall abound euery where , examples of godlinesse be no where , when wee shall be able to finde no comfort either in our selues or in others ; we shall be so gouerned , that wee shall not onely auoide euill , but coldnesse in well doing ; and looke what is detracted through the iniuries of times , it shall be added in inward graces , and recompenced in the kingdome of heauen . When we shall then in extremitie of offences say , Good Lord , what shall we doe ? whither shall wee goe to heare a good Preacher ▪ what may wee doe to goe to some good man and zealous professor ? Remember then , if thou wilt stay on the Lord , and fall to Prayer , thogh thou art troubled with Papists , or Heretikes , or monstrous liuers , then leane to God , trust in his word , and vse prayer . When thou shalt see no good neither in Church nor in Common wealth , then haue recourse to prayers , and thou shalt not onely bee preserued from daungers , but also thou shalt enioy God his spirit with his graces . Thus wee shall see in the volume of God his booke , not onely what deliuerances the godly haue had by prayer , but also by what meanes they were deliuered . Noah calling on the name of GOD , was saued in the Arke , from perishing in the waters . Lot was deliuered out of Sodome : the Israelites obtained meate from heauen , water out of the rocke , passage through the Seas , and many other righteous persons were not onely deliuered , but greatlie ioyed . But if we should passe them , and looke to the daies of persecution vnder Queene Mary , when the Sun seemed to be changed into darknes , the Moone to lose her light , then Christians were not onely many deliuered , but also in the prisons , in cabbins , in bushes , in flame and in fire , they euer had sweete dreames , heauenly visions , and wonderfull consolation : so as they were not onely comforted , but at the stake they would prophecie of the restoring of the Gospell , and they presently would reioyce , as foreseeing the truth should come vnto their posteritie . And it shall come to passe . This importeth the time of the Gospell , and here is shewed a difference betweene the time of the Law , and of the Gospell . If our fathers were heard vnder the Law , if they receiued not the repulse in the dawning of the day ; what may we hope for vnder the Gospell , what boldnes may wee receiue now , when the sunne shineth out at the fulnes ? Looke what proofe they had , we may haue more ; see what experience they had , we may haue it in greater measure , because what they had confirmed , we haue confirmed . The Lord requireth of vs now to trust in him the more , & we must remēber that saying of our Sauiour Christ , Ioh. 16. 24. Hitherto haue yee asked nothing in my Name , aske , and yee shall receiue , that your ioy may be full ▪ If our fathers prayed feruently , why doe not wee ? haue not wee mo deedes of God his fauour ? haue not we mo promises ? haue not wee mo examples ? all which accuse vs of want of zeale in prayer . In the old Testament they named not Christ , we are bold to looke vpon God in Christ his Sonne . Woe then be to vs , if these things do not moue vs , seeing Christ standeth on the right hand of God the Father , who is not now in the loynes of Abraham , or in the wombe of the Virgin , or in the bowels of the earth ; bu●●o , as ●●●●●●euen we may see him sitting in heauen on the right hand of GOD. The circumstance remaining is in this word , whosoeuer : which sheweth that whether it bee man or woman , master or seruant , young or old , Iew or Gentil , no age , no sexe , no estate , no cōdition is excluded . True it is , that there be priuiledges of the man aboue the woman , of the master aboue his seruant , of the elders aboue the yonge● : but this is in some things , not in all . For in the worship of God , in the matter of God his glory , and our saluation , there is no respect of persons with God ; but , whos●euer calleth vpon the name of the Lord , he shall be saued . In respect whereof we are to be exhorted , that if we will reioyce in this priuiledge , we must vse the means due to them that are within the precincts of it , we must not excuse our selues , and say ; I am a woman , and the weaker vessell , I am a young man and rechlesse , I am an old man & forgetfull , I am a seruant , and am not at mine owne libertie . For if wee looke for the grace offered , wee must vse the meanes proposed . But yet here is a further thing than this , that not only the righteous shal be saued , but also the poore sinner , if now he will repent , and hauing a pure purpose to please God , call on the name of the Lord. Behold , ô repenting sinner , the Theese on the Crosse ; the Sunne was darkened , the vale of the Temple rent , earthquakes , and troubles , confusion was an ong men , terrors were in himselfe , and yet hee calling on the name of the Lord , and saying : Lord remember me when thou commest into thy kingdome , receiued this comfortable answere : This day shalt thou be with mee in Paradise . Peter seeing Christ , was pardoned . If we behold Dauids miserie , in the troublesome estate both of Church and Common-wealth , when he had not one of his owne children to comfort him , but to the increase of his griefe , one brother murthered another , one of his sonnes being a traytor , was through God his iudgement hanged by the haire of the head , his chiefe friends rebelled against him ; hee was not onely in all this mightily preserued of God , but also receiued plentifull graces of the Spirit . When Manasses had caused Ierusalem to swimme with blood , when the Citie was neere destruction , and hee himselfe in chaines ; what hope was there either of the Kingdome or Prophecie to continue ? and yet calling on God his name , hee was heard and helped . If such great things were for poore sinners before Christ , what comfort is there for them , since Christ is come ? If the wretched man was so helped of CHRIST , euen when he was on the crosse ; what comfort may afflicted consciences hope for in him , being aduanced to the Throne & Kingdome ? Nay , I will adde more , euen very hypocrites by Prayer , haue escaped outward perils , as A●ab , and such like . Yea , and marke them that are in warres or in some great distresse , how praying to the LORD , they are helped . The same we shall obserue sometimes either in worldlings , or in God his children vnregenerate . All which will graunt , that after they haue prayed but in their manner , the Lord hath strangely deliuered them . If wicked men haue had this benefite , how much more shall the godly haue it ? If God his children haue found such grace , before they knewe God ; what grace shall they haue , when they know him , beleeue in him , and call vpon him ? Here then is all doubting to be taken away , and we must cease to say : Oh I am a sinner , I cannot be helped , mine vnworthines makes me ashamed ▪ Consider the tenour of this runneth in an vniuersall point to all , thou ca●st not be excluded , if thou exclude not thy selfe . And why ? It is said , that all shall be saued : which point is necessarily to be noted : For the diuell will tell vs , Christ died for others , but not for vs ▪ True it is , that all repentant sinners , compared with the number of the vnrepentant , are but few : Howbeit , if I truely abhorre my sinnes , and my selfe for my sinnes sake , if I purpose to leaue sinn● , and trauell in the wayes of righteousnes , if I loue GOD and hate ●niquitie and depart from it , although I want all these solen ne preparations , yet I am perswaded I shall be saued . And yet remember , that here is no such libertie for hard-hearted sinners ; neither is the Sea of mercie denied to sorrowfull sinners . For , as no sinner shall be damned that will repent , and it truth desireth to be saued : so the Lord will not iustifie the wicked and obstinate sinner . Whosoeuer therefore hath eares , let him heare , who so hath eyes let him see , who so hath an heart , let him consider of this bountifull mercie of God , whether hee be in miserie outward , or trouble inward ; and know from the Lord his owne mouth , that , Whosoeuer calleth on the Name of the LORD , hee shall be saued . FINIS . THE THIRDE PART OF THE WORKES OF THE REVEREND AND FAITHFVL SERVANT OF IESVS CHRIST , MAISTER RICHARD GREENHAM , MINISTER AND PREAcher of the Word of GOD containing seuenteene Sermons , the Titles and Texts whereof appeare in the next Page following . PROV . 10. 7. The memoriall of the iust shall bee blessed : but the name of the wicked shall rotte . VERS . 11. The mouth of the righteous is as a welspring of life . VERITAS VIRESSIT VVLNERE TC printer's or publisher's device AT LONDON , Imprinted by Thomas Creede for William Welbie , and are to be solde at his shoppe in Paules Church-yard at the signe of the Swanne . 1611. THE SERMONS FOLLOVVING ARE THESE . 1 OF quenching the spirit . 1. THES . 5. 19. 2 Of murmuring . EXOD. 16. 2. 3 Of zeale . REVEL . 3. 19. 4 Of a good name . PROV . 22. 1. 5 Of humilitie . PROV . 18. 12. 6 Of the education of children . PROV . 17. 21. 7 Of repentance and true sorrow for sinne . ACT. 2. 37. 38. 8. 9. Three Sermons of the heauenly purchase on the 13. of 10. Matthew and the 44 verse . 11 Of Christian warfare on EPHES. 6. vers . 10. 11. 12. 12 Of diuers Christian instructions . PSAL. 16. 13 Of flying euill company , Idolatrie , &c. on GEN. 42. vers . 9. 12. 14. 15. 21. 14 Of the mutuall duties betweene the Ministers and people on HEB. 13. vers . 17. 15 Of the confession of sinne and the necessarie vse thereof , on PROV . 28. 15. 16 Of the effects of Christ his Crosse , &c. in two sermons 17 on GALAT. 6. vers . 14. 15. TO THE RIGHT WORSHIPFVL SIR IVLIVS CAESAR KNIGHT , AND TO THE RIGHT VERtuous Lady his wife : HENRY HOLLAND ▪ wisheth an increase of all prosperitie , and the rich grace of Gods spirit , vnto life euerlasting . THese Sermons ( right Worshipfull ) are full of good instruction , and consolation . I haue endeuoured to giue some view of the● al , by some short aphorismes , on this manner . I. The first Sermon , is of the quenching of the spirit , where hee teacheth vs : 1. That albeit those be worthily condemned , that n●v●r t●sted , nor desire to taste of the spirit of God : yet a more iust and fearefull condemnation is like to come on them , that hauing once receiued it , do● after lose the same . 2. To knowe whether we haue the spirit : he saith , like as hee knoweth best , that hee hath l●fe , which feeleth it in himselfe ▪ so hee best knoweth whether hee haue the spirit , that fe●eth th● spirit working in himselfe . Againe , he that hath the spirit of Christ , hath some thing in him giuen him of God by his word , aboue all that can be attained , by any naturall gift or humane industrie . 3. T●e spirit often in regeneration , causeth in the spirituall man , a great and generall astonishment , for great ●●d enormous sinnes committed : and then it dealeth more particularly , smit●●g vs with a speciall griefe for speciall sinnes , 4. Then the spirit teacheth , how the faculties of the so●le are all bent to rebellion against God , and specially how reason fighteth against faith , and is a great patron● of vnbeliefe . 5 ▪ After all this , the spirit ( saith he ) bringeth vs to se● the vns●●rchable riches of Christ , and worketh in vs that precious faith , whereby ●● apprehend our free iustification in Christ. And then followes the feeling of ioy vnspeakable , and that blessed peace of conscience which passet● vnderstanding , iudgement is reformed , affections are cleane altered , and there wil appeare in ●ll faculties great forwardnes , and readines , to performe things acceptable vnto God 6. After some falies of frailtie , ●f we continue our former hatred of sinne , & the oftner w● fal conceiue the more d●●dly hatred against sinne : if our sorrow for sinne increase , if our care continue to preuent and cut off all occasions of sinne albeit we slip and fall often , yet wee may not say the spirit is quenched . 7. Such as haue the greater , and more certaine graces of the spirit of regeneration : their * knowledge is well grounded , and they labour euermore for a good measure of knowledge , to direct them in their particular duties : the * knowledge of the wicked is but cōfused , & general vncertaine . 8. Albeit the spirit can neuer be vtterly taken from the beleeuers : yet if they waxe proud ▪ secure , and fall to sin , the graces of the spirit , the cleere vnderstanding , the feeling , the affection , and ioy in the holy Ghost may so die & decay in them , that they may well seeme to themselues and others to haue quenched the spirit . These and the like singular doctrines concerning this matter , are contained in this Sermon . This argument was further inlarged and amplified in other Sermons by him , which as yet I cannot finde . For he taught also by what degrees the spirit is quenched : and they were these . 1. By neglecting the meanes of cherishing the grace of the spirit . 2. From neglecting the meanes to proceede to the grieuing of the spirit ▪ 3. From grieuing , to come to vexing and prouoking the spirit . 4. Lastly , how some after long prouocations , haue quenched the spirit , and lost all the good light & graces of God which they seemed before to haue had . These be most dangerous degrees of sinne , and steps to perdition . And thus farre of the first Sermon . II. The second sermon is against murmuring , a sinne no lesse dangerous than common in all degrees and conditions of men . We be here taught ▪ : 1. What the nature is of impatiencie for outward things , what dishonour it brings to God , what a torment to vnbeleeuers , in whom ●●e want of one small thing breed● such ●is●●nt●ntment , ●● the poss●ssi●on of m●● rich bless●●●●●●●●ot qu●●t them 2. What remedies best s●rue to make our hearts calme in a●● such distempred affections , and they bee these : first most highly to esteeme of Gods fauour , and to pr●ferre that one benefit of the ●ardon of our sinnes , before all the riches of this life . Secondly , to labour for that precious faith i● Christ , touching the forgiuenesse of our sinnes , and euerlasting life ▪ for if we can once be persuaded , that Christ is ours , wee shall not greatly doubt but that with Christ we shall haue all things needfull for vs. Let vs receiue this benefit though it come alone , vea though it bring troubles with it● and then for outward things we shall possesse our soules with patience . For ( saith this reuerend man ) we haue ●o true feeling of the forgiuenes of our sinnes , if we cannot ( when we feele it ) be therewith contented , and readie to forgoe all other things . 3. To looke well to our sanctification and regeneration ▪ for if the Lord grant vs to be the glorious temples of his most holy spirit , wherein his graces may shine , he will not deny vs the base things of this life : or if he doe , we shall haue a good supplie of better things . 4. To be well assured of our glorious resurrection : for it is far greater to raise vs being consumed to dust , than to preserue vs being aliue . 5. Faith in Gods prouidence : if hee made all things of nothing , much more easily can hee preserue things made : if hee cares for the beasts , much more for m●n : if for wicked men , much more for his children : if for his children when they sought him not , much more when they seeke him with all their hearts , and desire to serue him in holines & true righteousnes . 6. Lastly , learne by examples that it is Gods blessing in the meanes , and not the meanes without it , which preserue vs. The Fathers before the flood fed on hearbes without flesh or fish , and yet liued 700 , 800 ▪ 900. yeeres . The Israelites liued 40. yeeres without change of garments , or any earthly and ordinarie prouision . Moses and Elias liued 40. daies without meate . These examples teach vs if we haue the meanes , not to trust in them ; if we want them not to distrust in God. And thus farre the summe of the second Sermon . III. The third is of zeale , which teacheth : first , how God commaundeth and commendeth zeale : secondly ▪ how he rewards it . The rules to know the true zeale of God are these . 1. True zeale begins in our selues : & so proceeds to others : and gaine returnes from other men , & ends in our selues , Abraham , Iob , Moses , &c. first sinite themselues , & euer be more zealous against themselues than against other men : for by the sense and feeling of our owne sores , we be taught to deale more mildly and meekely with the sores of other men . 2. True zeale is as willing to be admonished , as it is carefull to admonish : and that not onely of superiours , where we must yeeld of necessitie , but also of equals , yea of inferiours , whom we may seeme to contemne . 3. True Zeale is not to bee hot , by fits , and colde in the ende . 4. A very speciall marke of true zeale is this : To be * comforted in the publike prosperitie of the Church , when priuate crosses may make vs ●ad : and contrarily , to * mourne and lament for our brethren , when priuate prosperitie might cheere our hearts . 5. True zeale ( saith he ) will not spare sinne in kindred : for that he loueth most naturally , that hath learned to loue most spiritually : and he loueth most truly , that cannot abide sinne in the partie beloued , without some wise and discrecte admonition . 6. True zeale feareth not the force of the mightie , neither is it dismayed at the lookes of the proud . 7 , True zeale is seene in their cause who can neuer recompence vs againe . 8. The last rule of zeale is this , to bee humbled in our selues for those sinnes which wee espie or censure in other men : and specially such sinnes as wee espie in them which are committed to our charge : for that the holy Ghost in his word , accounteth their sinnes our sinnes . And thus farre the third Sermon . IIII. The fourth Sermon is of a good name . And here he teacheth vs : 1. How deare and precious a thing a good name is . 2. Next , what singular gainfull fruits and effects it carieth with it : how God & good mē are delighted with vs , if we haue it . 3. How careful we ought to be , not to hurt our neighbour in his good name , because it is an inestimable treasure : which being l●st , is most hardly recouered . 4. With what care & consciēce we should seeke to find it , & hauing found it , with all endeuour & industrie to preserue it . 5. He teacheth how a good name & good report , being good things , must proceede from good causes , as of vertue , godlinesse and good religion . 6. He noteth how the world accounteth of Gods children as of monsters , if they haue but one s●ip : and highly esteemes of a worldling , for one externall gift of minde or bodie , though sinnes swarme in him . 7. He teacheth that if we will auoide an euill name , we must first auoide all euill surmises and deuises against other men ▪ & next we must haue a godly iealousie ouer our own waies , that they may not breede in men any suspition of euill . 8. Lastly , men must be plentifull in all good workes : all which must be done , first with a simple and sincere affect●●n● ▪ ●●xt with in ●●●●●● and di●er●tion . And thus farre of a good name . V. The si●t Sermon is of humilitie . The contents of it briefly are these . 1. Where●ore the Lord humbleth his children before they be crowned . 2. How pride rots and marres all good gifts in vs. 3. How dangerous and ●ur●f●●● prosperitie is to many . 4. How to accept good meanes in time when God calleth vs to repentance . 5. How dangerous spirituall pride is to Gods children . 6. How feare must increase ▪ as Gods gifts increast in vs 7. How euill thoughts doe exercise Gods best children , and by what messenge● God awaketh them . And this is the short summe of the fift Sermon . VI. The sixth serues well for Christian parents , for the good education of children . 1. Hee warneth them , that they lament not so much for their children , if they bee dismembred , or prooue idiots , as if they prooue grosse sinners , & so become worse than idiots . For such assuredly ( without repentance ) dishonour God greatly in this life , & cānot escape euerlasting perdition after death : but of poore idiots there is m●re hope . 2. Next he teacheth Parents , that when they finde foule sins in their children , wisely to consider what causes breed them : whether they be not thēselues disobedient to their heauenly father , hand haue been to their naturall parents , and yet not repented of their sinnes . 3. Lastly , with what wisedome and affection we must correct our children , euer mindfull how that we punish our owne sinnes in them . And thus much of the sixth Sermon . VII . The seuenth and last Sermon teacheth vs : 1. That sorrow for sinne is the first step to godlines : for ( saith he ) it is impossible to hunger after Christ without it . 2. That the word of God must effect that sorrow in vs , by piercing our hearts , and teaching vs that wee haue to doe with God , and not with men , and this will wound vs with a liuely feeling of Gods iudgement . 3. That we must wisely discerne betweene the true sorrow for sinne , which causeth repentance not to be repented of , and that worldly sorrow which causeth death . For godly sorrow softneth the hart to the obedience of the word : but that worldly sorrow causeth men to kicke and spurne against the word , to the further hardning of their hearts . 4. That many are galled and pricked with pouertie , sicknes , and other afflictions : but few with their sinnes , which is the cause of their afflictions . But let men be well assured of this ( saith he ) that if a man be not troubled for sinne here , he is in the way to hell : if he be troubled in this life for sinne , he is in the way to heauen . 5. Lastly , that in true repentance the pricking of the heart , and sorrowing for sinne , must be continued and daily renewed : we must be humbled with continuall sorrow , that we may bee refreshed with daily comfort in Christ. And thus farre the compendious and short view of all these Sermons . This graue and reuerend Father , who hath left vs these holy instructions , hauing continued for many yeeres with good successe , and a comfortable experience of Gods blessing on his holy ministery , in preaching the Gospell of Christ , his Sermons were many in number : and how effectuall , let the godly iudge by these fewe , which Gods good prouidence hath reserued for posteritie . Now ( right Worshipfull ) I offer them vnto your good patronage and protection : because I am well assured you loue , and what you may , you further the preaching of the Gospell of our Lord and Sauiour Iesus Christ. Much am I bound to remember your Worship , and that vertuous Lady your wife , for your great loue to me and mine . I can no way require your loue , yet by some poore testimonie , I desire to make mine affection knowne in the performance of any Christian duty what I may . The Lord Iesus Christ that hath knit both your harts , by one spirit , in one holy faith vnto himselfe , and in loue vnfained one to another , graunt you the true peace which passeth vnderstanding , to keepe your hearts and mindes in his faith , loue and feare vnto the end . And thus I humbly take my leaue , recommending you and all yours to the protection of the Almightie . Your Worships euer to command in Iesus Christ : HENRY HOLLAND . A SERMON PREACHED BY MAISTER RICHARD GREENHAM VPON THESE WORDS : THE FIRST SERMON . Quench not the spirit . 1. Thess. 5. 19. ALl the doctrine of the Scriptures may be briefly referred to these two heads . First , how wee may be prepared to receiue the spirit of God. Secondly , how the spirit may be retained when as wee haue once receiued it . And therefore Saint Paul hauing laboured to instruct the Thessalonians , in the former part of this Epistle , how they may receiue the spirit , doth here teach them how to keepe and continue this spirit vnto the end . And this the Apostle doth by giuing them a charge and commaundement , that in no wise they doe Quench the spirit : thereby doubtles teaching , that as the shunning of euill , is the first step vnto goodnes ; so the readie way to continue the spirit of God in our hearts , is to labour that it be not quenched . Now the Apostle vpon great & waightie cōsideration , doth here deliuer this precept : For first of all , though al those be worthily and iustly condemned , that neuer tasted of the spirit of God : yet as our Sauiour Christ saith ; A more iust and fearefull condemnation is like to come vpon them , that hauing once receiued it , doe afterward lose the same againe . Moreouer , without this spirit of God , no holy exercise can haue his full effect : for the word worketh not , where the spirit of God is wanting ; prayers haue no power to pearce into the presence of God : the Sacraments seeme small and sillie things in our eyes , and all other orders , and exercises which God hath graunted & ordained for man , they are vnprofitable to man , where the spirit is not present to cōuey them into our hearts , there to seale vp the fruit of them . Last of all , we are fit to receiue no good grace at Gods hand : nay , we doe not esteeme Gods graces , when we haue not the spirit to teach vs to set a due price vpon them : for speake of the Law , or of the Gospel ; of sinne , or of righteousnesse : speake of Christ , or of our redemption , and iustification by him : yea , speake of that huge and heauie waight of glorie , wherewith the elect of God shall be crowned , all this moueth not , we are little affected therewith , vnlesse God giue vs of his good spirit , to profit by the same . The Apostle therefore with good reason , gaue this precept , and we , for many great causes , are to listen vnto it , least by any meanes the spirit of God be quenched in vs , & so we depriue our selues of all these fruits . Now , whereas the Apostle saith , Quench not the spirit , it may appeare that he speaketh to those that had alreadie receiued the spirit : For , as the fire cannot be said to be quenched , where it is not : so they cānot be said to quench or lose the spirit , which haue not as yet receiued it . Then know , that this precept doth properly belong to thē that haue receiued the spirit of God , and they especilly are to make a speciall vse of it : for the other , it cannot profit them , vnlesse that , as the seede lying in the ground a long time , doth afterward budde and become fruitfull ; so this continue in their mindes , till they haue tasted ( in some good sort ) of the spirit of God , and then breed in them some carefulnes that they doe not quench it . Well then , to them that haue felt and found the spirit of God in them , to them saith S. Paul in this place , Take heede that ye quench not the spirit . Of this , if we doe somewhat seriously consider , these two questions will offer themselues , and soone arise in our minde . First , how we may know whether we haue the spirit of God , or no. Secondly , if we haue it , whether it may be lost againe , or no : which if they bee well and sufficiently answered , they will doubtlesse giue great force vnto this precept For the first then , if we will knowe whether we haue the spirit or no ; we must surely vnderstand , that as he knoweth best that he hath life , which feeleth it in himselfe : so he best knoweth whether he haue the spirit of God , that feeleth the spirit working in him . And if wee will further know this by the peculiar working and effects of the spirit , then let vs marke these . First of all , if there bee nothing in man but the nature of man ; if nothing but that may be attained by the art and industrie of a man ; then surely in that man is not the spirit of God : for the spirit is from God , it is from aboue , it is aboue nature : and therefore the Apostle doth set the spirit of God against the spirit of the world , when he saith : We haue receiued the spirit , not of the world , but of God. 1. Cor. 2. 14. Besides , the spirit of God is eternall , and endureth for euer : but all the doings and deuices of men they perish , and in time they haue an end . Therefore though a man haue wisedome with great knowledge , though in wit and skill he passe and excell the common sort of men : yet , if from aboue he hath not been inlightened ; if from heauē his wisedome hath not been sanctified , his knowledge shall decay , his wisedome shall wither like grasse ; he hath not as yet tasted of the spirit of God , that endureth for euer . And therefore saith Saint Paul : We teach the mysteries of God , which none , no not the Princes , and the men of this world , which are aboue others most excellent , are able to vnderstand . Secondly consider , whether there bee in thee any alteratiō or change . For the wise men which were expert in nature , could say , that in euery generation there is a corruption . And we see , that the seede sowen is much chaunged before it grow vp and beare fruit : Then needfull it is that in regeneration , there be a corruption of sinne , so that as seede in the ground , so sinne in our mortall bodies may decay , that the new man may be raised vp , the spirit of God taking possessiō of our soules . Therfore the Euangelist Iohn doth make this , the first worke of the spirit , that it shall rebuke the world of sinne : and this is so needfull , that without it , there is not the spirit of God , neither yet can Christ come and enter into that man. Here of it was that Christ compared the Iewes to children in the market place , who would not dance , though they were piped vnto : and the reason was , because they had not first learned with Iohn to mourne : for they that by the preaching of Iohn , learned to lament their sinnes , and for their sinnes were pensiue in their owne soules , they receiued Christ , they danced and did reioyce to heare the ioyfull tidings of the Gospell . Therefore Christ saith , That whores and harlots entred into the kingdome of heauen , seeing they lamented their sinnes ) before the proud Pharisies , which were touched with no remorse for their sinnes . And for the same cause it is , that Christ calleth vnto him , them onely that labour and a●e heauie lad●● : teaching , that if they finde not sin to be a heauie loade and burthen to them , they haue not the spirit of God , neither are they fit to receiue Christ. Then to be rebuked of sin , is the first worke of the spirit ; which the spirit worketh in vs by these degrees . First , it raiseth vp in vs a great and generall astonishment , by reason of all those great and enormous sinnes that we haue committed , and this doth strike vs downe , it doth terrifie vs , and hold vs amazed wonderfully : then it dealeth with vs more particularly ; it bringeth vs vnto a speciall griefe for speciall sinnes , it doth bereaue vs of our chiefe desires , and bringeth vs out of conceit and liking with the best things that are in vs : for then it doth display before vs the vanitie and darknes of our vnderstanding , how vnfit and vnmeete wee are to vnderstand and conceiue those things , that do aboue al others especially concerne vs : then doth it let vs see the peruerse corruption of our iudgement , and that before God , and in things belonging to God , we be as bruit beasts , not able to discerne things that differ , nor to put a sound difference betweene good and euill : then doth it let vs see that our reason is vnreasonable , nay , that it is hurtfull vnto vs , a great enemie to faith , and a great patrone of infidelitie and vnbeleefe . When it commeth to our affections , it turneth them vpside downe , it turneth our mirth into mourning , our pleasure into painfulnes , and our greatest delight into most bitter griefe . If it doe proceede further , and come once to the heart , and to the stomacke and courage that is in vs , then it cutteth vs to the quicke , then doth it at once cast vs downe in humilitie vnder the hand of God : for while we had to deale with men , we were as stoute as any , and would not start for the best . We had reason to say for our selues , and courage to defend our selues against all them that did deale with vs : but now the spirit draweth vs into the presence of God , it letteth vs see that we haue to doe with God , & that our strength is weaknes in respect of him . Then doth our heart begin to faile vs , then doe we lay our hands on our mouthes , and dare not answere : nay , then doe we quickly take vp our crosse , because the Lord himselfe hath done it . Behold here how the spirit worketh , behold how sinne is corrected : and who so can behold here this in himselfe , may assuredly say , that the spirit of God is in him , that it is not in vaine within him , nay , that it is mightie and liuely in operation in his heart . The third note and effect is , the bringing on forward of this worke vnto iustification : for when the spirit hath brought vs thus farre , then doth it begin to open vnto vs a doore vnto the grace and fauour of God : it doth put into our mindes , that there is mercie with God , and therefore stirreth vs vp to seeke mercie at his hands : afterward , it doth let vs see how Christ suffered , to take away the sinnes of the world , that in the righteousnes of Christ , we may looke to be iustified before God. And this it doth not let vs see onely , but doth effectually worke a sure perswasion of it in our hearts , and confirmeth the same by two notable effects . The first is , a ioy most vnspeakable and glorious , wherewith our hearts must needes be wholy taken vp and rauished , when we see our selues by the righteousnes of Christ , of the free mercie and grace of God , redeemed from death , deliuered from hell , & freed from the fearfull condemnation of the wicked . The second is the peace of conscience : which indeed passeth all vnderstanding : While sinne , and the guilt of sinne remained , there was no peace , nor rest , nor quietnes to be found , but feare within , terrors without , and troubles on euery side : but when sinne is once nailed to the crosse of Christ , when the guilt of sinne is taken out of our consciences , and the punishment thereof farre remoued , then must needes ensue great peace : for our accusers dare not proceed against vs , our sinnes are forgiuen vs , and God is at one with vs : and for this , we haue the warrant and testimony of the spirit . Can flesh & blood perswade vs of this ? can any creature assure vs how God is affected towards v● ? no doubtlesse . And therfore where this ioy and peace is , there must needes be the holy Ghost , the author & worker of the saine . For as no man knoweth what is in man , but the spirit of man which is in him : so none knoweth the will of God , but the spirit of God , and therefore it is the spirit of God that must certifie our hearts and spirits of the same . And hereof there doth arise that , which we take as the fourth note , when we finde it in our selues : to wit , the life and nimblenes that is in vs to doe good : for when a man doth finde fauour from God , for the forgiuenes of sinnes , then the loue of God constraineth him , that ioy which he conceiueth inforceth him , & putteth life into him , for the performance of those things , which are pleasing vnto God : then he beginneth to finde himselfe not onely reclaimed from euill , but also applied and framed to that which is good ; then is his vnderstanding inlightened , to see into the mysteries of godlinesse , and into that great worke of his redemption , and into whatsoeuer concerneth the sauing health of his soule : then is his iudgement reformed , and he is made able to iudge betweene false religion and true , betweene the workes of the flesh , and of the spirit , betweene that which is good , and that which is euill & displeasing in the sight of God. Then are his affections in some good measure altered , his desire is set , not vpon earthly , but vpon heauenly things ; his ioyes are not in the earth , but in the heauens ; his anger is wasted and spent , not vpon his owne priuate cause and quarrels , but vpon his owne sinnes , and vpon whatsoeuer hindreth the glorie of his God. This is the a life of God in him ; thus he liueth that hath receiued the spirit , and thus he leadeth his life continually : for they that haue receiued the spirit , b are led by the spirit , & do liue accordingly , bringing forth the fruits of the spirit . But this hath weaknes ioyned with it , and men through frailtie may soone fall , and therefore their life is said to be hid in Christ , because in full & perfect manner it doth not appeare . Therefore , if notwithstanding these frailties and falles , wee will know whether we still retaine the spirit of God , we must search our selues , and trie our hearts by these rules . First , if through frailtie we haue fallen ( for who is he that falleth not ? ) we will then know whether by our fall we haue lost the spirit of God or no , let vs see what liking , or misliking we haue of sinne : for if after our fall , we doe hold our former hatred of sinne , and the oftner we fall , the more thorough & deadly hatred we conceiue against sinne , vndoubtedly that frailtie hath not as yet depriued vs of the spirit . Secondly , come and see how it standeth with thy sorrow : for so long as thy sorrow encreaseth for thy sinnes , it cannot be thought that sinne and the flesh , haue ouercome & vtterly quenched the spirit in thee . Thirdly , trie thy care : and if thou growe in a godly care , both how thou maist be able to wage battell against sinne in the plaine field , & how thou maist preuent sinne in all his policies , then thou hast a further assurance , that sinne , although it be as great as Goliah , yet it hath not hitherto preuailed against thy poore and little Dauid , I say , against those few and small graces , which the good spirit of God hath bestowed vpon thee . But the last is most certaine , and that is this : When thou art carefull to redeeme that , which by the fall thou hast lost , and hast a care to runne so much faster forward , by how much more thou hast been letted by thy fall ; then it doth appeare that the spirit is in thee , yea it is liuely and mightie in operation , and such as shall neuer be taken from thee , vntill the day of Christ. Thus may we in some good and competent measure trie and proue , whether we haue the spirit of God or no : for where these fruites are to be found , there is also the spirit of God. For further confirmation whereof , we may note the manner of speech , where he saith , Quench not the spirit , We doe commonly vse to say , the fire is quenched , when the light and heate thereof is taken away : and indeed nothing can properly be said to be quenched , but the fire . Now whereas the Apostle saith , Quench not the spirit , he giueth vs to vnderstand , that the spirit is in some respect like vnto fire : therefore if we doe but a little consider of the nature of fire , we shall a great deale better iudge of the spirit And among others , these properties we finde to be in the fire . First of all it will burne vp , & consume things that may be burned and consumed : and therefore lighting vpon straw , stubble , stickes , or such like , it bringeth them to ashes , and doth make them as though they had not beene at all . Secondly , it doth purge and purifie those things that can abide to be purged : and this it doth , first by taking away the superfluitie of drosse , that hath ouercouered the thing to be purged . Then by fining the thing it selfe , and by making it purer & purer . Thirdly , it giueth light euen in the most dimme and darkest places . And last of all , it giueth heate , and withall , doth as it were put life into those things which are capable of life : for whilest a man is frozen and starued for cold , he is numbed , and as it were without life : but being brought to the fire , he is heat , he is reuiued , he is cheered , & then becommeth actiue & nimble . These are the properties of fire , and these do in some manner resemble and shadow out vnto vs the workes and effects of the spirit . For first of all , when the spirit of God seazeth vpon a man , and entreth into his soule , then it beginneth to burne , to waste and consume in him , those things that will be wasted : after this sort euill affections , noysome lusts , and other stubble which is in man , by the spirit of God are consumed and burned . Secondly , it doth purge vs from grosse sins , and daily more and more doth purifie vs , that we may be a cleane and holy vessell and temple for him to rest and dwell in . Thirdly , it is a shining lampe , euer burning & continually giuing light vnto vs , in that way which we haue to walke . And lastly , it doth set vs on heate , & inflameth vs with a zeale of Gods glorie , with a care of our dutie , and with a loue of all mankinde : yea , withall it putteth life and lust into vs , to walke in that good way which leadeth vnto life , and to doe all those good workes which may glorifie God , or be commodious vnto men . Thus we see what likelihood there is betweene the spirit and fire , for which cause the spirit in the Scripture is compared vnto fire : nay it is sometimes called fire : for Iohn saith , That our Sauiour should baptize with the holy Ghost , and with fire : that is , with the holy Ghost , which is like vnto the fire . Therefore , as truly and as certainly as we may say that there is fire , where we see straw and such like things consumed , or gold and siluer finely purged , or great light in darke places , or great heate in bodies that were nummed before : euen so truly we may say , and so certainly we may perswade our selues , that the spirit of God is in vs , when we see our corruption consumed , our soules purged from the drosse of sinne , our hearts inlightened and made hot in walking , and working according to that light . The second question to be cōsidered is , whether that man which once throughly tasted of the spirit , may lose it , and haue it quenched in him . To this it may be said , that because the spirit of God commeth to , and worketh in diuers men , diuersly , in diuers measures : therefore we must consider of the diuers working of the spirit , & then frame our answere accordingly . First then , there is a lighter & lesser worke of the spirit , which may be quenched in them that haue it : and that this inferiour or lesser kinde of working may be taken away , appeareth plainly by the parable of the seede which our Sauiour Christ propoundeth , for that , besides them that receiue the word into good ground , and bring foorth fruites , some an hundreth , some thirtie , some sixtie folde : he doth also make mention of some others that receiued the word and yet continued not . And what , had not these the spirit of God in them ? Yes doubtlesse , for they receiued the word : yea , they receiued it gladly , and that which is more , they beleeued that which they had receiued . Behold then three fruites of Gods spirit in these men , and yet they continued not : for they beleeued indeed , but their faith was temporarie , it lasted but for a time , and after a time it vanished away , and the spirit departed from them : for either the pleasures and profits of this life did driue out the graces of God , and drie them vp , or else the fierie heate of persecution did quite consume them . More plaine and notable for this purpose is that , in the sixt to the Hebrues , for there the Apostle saith , That some may taste of the holy Ghost , and thereby be made to taste of the good word of God , to be inlightened to receiue heauenly gifts , yea , and to taste of the power of the life to come . And what then ? surely the Apostle saith , That if such fall , it is impossible they should be renewed : giuing vs to vnderstand , that euen they which haue receiued the holy Ghost , that haue been inlightened , that haue receiued heauenly gifts , and haue tasted of the power of the life to come , euen such may fall away , and the spirit may be quenched in such . There is a second kinde of working of the spirit , which is a more thorough & effectuall working , which can neuer be taken away frō them that haue receiued it . This the Apostle Peter describeth when he saith , That the chosen of God , are begotten againe of the immortall seede of the word . This is not a bare receiuing , or a light tasting of the word : but it is a deepe taste of the same , whereby we are begotten and borne againe . The Apostle S. Iohn setteth downe another note of it , saying , That they that are thus borne againe , cannot sin : that is , they cannot make an occupation of sinne , they cannot fall flat away by sinne : and why ? Euen because the seede of God abideth in them , euen that seede , wherewith they were begotten to a liuely hope of life , euen that seede doth abide , and will abide vnto the end . Who so is begotten againe by this seede , and hath this seede abiding in him , the spirit hath wrought that in him , which shall not be taken from him : and therefore our Sauiour Christ saith , The word that I speake , is spirit and life . And in another place he saith , That none shall take his sheepe from him , for the father is mightier than all : and therefore in another place he saith , That it is impossible that the elect should be seduced . Thus then we see the question answered : namely , that there is an inferiour working which may be lost ; and a more effectuall working of the spirit which can neuer be taken away from them that haue it . And this must not seeme strange to vs , neither must we be offended that the Lord should take some , and leaue others : or that he should begin in some , and not bring his worke to perfection : for so he dealeth with other things in the world . Some corne is sowen and neuer riseth : some springeth , and yet shortly withereth : some groweth vp to an eare , & yet then is stricken or blasted : and othersome ( at his good pleasure ) doth come to a timely ripenes . In like manner , some trees are planted and neuer take roote : some take roote , but yet not blossome : some blossome , & yet neuer bring forth fruite : and othersome through his goodnesse doe bring forth fruit in good season . If the Lord deale so with the plant and hearbe of the field , why may he not deale so with vs , the sonnes of men ? If we cannot conceiue the reason of this , we must holde our peace : for all the workes of God are done in righteousnesse , and all our knowledge is vnperfect : therefore we must herein rather accuse our selues of ignorance , than the Lord of vnrighousnesse : nay , we our selues doe deale in like sort with those things which be vnder our hand . In Colledges , Fellowes are first chosen to be Probationers , and if they be then approoued , they be made full fellowes , otherwise they are not . If a man being childles , doe take some friends childe to make him heire of all his goods : he will keepe him vpon liking , if his manners be honest he shall be preferred , yea it may be set ouer all his house , and yet afterwards for some fault committed , quite cast off . Some other man taketh another childe to the same end , and maketh him heire indeed : so then wee must thinke it righteous in the Lord to deale thus with vs , seeing we are in his hand : and we must not be offended , though he call some , and do not inlighten them : and although he inlighten some , and doe not continue them , and doe of his great mercie continue some euen vnto the end : let vs rather see what vse we must make of this doctrine . First , we must take heede that we neuer quench any grace or gift that God bestoweth vpon vs. Secondly , we must still labour to haue greater measure of gifts : for the wicked may come to haue some small gifts , & such as may be quite taken away from them . Lastly , it doth put a plaine difference betweene the godly , and the godlesse , betweene them that beare a shew of holinesse , and them that are indeed the holy ones of the Lord : for the one endureth but for a time , and the other lasteth for euer . Now if we require a further triall , whereby we may know whether we haue receiued that spirit which lasteth but for a time , or that which will abide for euer with vs : then let vs marke these rules , which put a plaine difference betweene them . First , we must marke that inlightning and insight we haue into the word of God. Certaine it is , that both the godly and wicked are inlightened , but the inlightening of the godly is one , and the insight of the wicked is another : for that knowledge and insight which the godly haue receiued , is certaine and distinct : and therefore in particular things , they be able to apply the threatning of Gods iudgements to the humbling of themselues , and the promises of God to comfort themselues ▪ Againe , their knowledge is sufficient to direct them both generally , and in euery particular dutie . And last of al , it neuer faileth them , but directeth them vnto the end : but the knowledge of the wicked is not so ; for it is confused , generall , & vncertaine . And therfore though they haue a generall knowledge of the threatnings , and of the promises of God , yet can they not make particular vse of the same . Their knowledge is insufficiēt , not able to direct them in their particular actions , and therefore it doth leaue them in the end . Therefore as the knowledge of the godly for the cleerenes , the certaintie , and the sufficiencie of it , is compared to the Sunne : so the knowledge of the wicked , is compared to the lightning , which doth not giue any certaine light , it doth not continue any time ; and when it is gone , men are worse than they were before . So doth it fall out with the wicked : for beside that their knowledge doth soone vanish , there is also in them afterwards , greater and more dangerous darknes than there was before : herein then we doe see one plaine and manifest note of difference . Secondly , we come to our affections . Certaine it is , that the wicked doe desire the helpe and the fauour of God : but looke to the cause , and that will shew a difference betweene them and the godly . The wicked doe onely seeke helpe , because of some extremitie which they suffer ; they onely desire to be in the fauour of God , because they would be freed from griefe : and therefore it is common with them to say ; Oh that I were out of this paine ! Oh that this my sorrow were taken from me ! By which speeches they shew , that so they might be at rest , or liue at their ease , they would little weigh of the helpe or fauour of God. But the godly finde such sweetnes in the fauour of God , that for the desire thereof , they can be content to forgoe all the pleasures of this life , yea they can be content to suffer much , and endure the crosse patiently , so that at the last they may assuredly enioy Gods fauour . Not the godly onely , but the wicked also , are grieued when they haue sinned : but the wicked doe therefore sorrow , because their sinne hath , or will bring some punishment vpon them : and the godly sorrow , because they haue offended God , and giuen him occasion to draw his fauour from them , therefore his correction doe they beare patiently : but the remembrance of their sinne , that toucheth them still at the verie quicke . Then in their ioy , and in their sorrow , may appeare a second difference . The third difference is in loue : for though both of them doe loue God , yet it is after a diuers manner ; the one of sinceritie , the other for wages . A poore childe that is taken vp , fed , and cloathed , will loue him that doth thus feede and clothe him : but if he receiued no more of that man than of another , hee would like him , and loue him no better than another : euen so it is with the wicked , if their bellies he filled , their barnes stuffed , and they haue their hearts desire , they loue God indeede , but yet onely for their bellie , and their barnes . Thus did Saul loue God , but it was for his kingdome : thus did Achitophel loue God , but it was because he was aduanced to bee a Counsellour : and thus did Iudas loue God , but it was because he was chosen to be an Apostle , and carried the bagge . But what became of their loue the histories doe testifie : Saul was a little afflicted , and forsooke God : Achitophel somewhat crossed in his deuises , hanged himselfe : and Iudas for gaine of money , betrayed Christ. Some experience of this wee may see among vs ; Courtiers will be professors , and Schollers of ripe wits will be religious , if that Courtiers may become Counsellors , and if Schollers may be preferred to the chiefest places : but if promotion come , then their profession is forsaken , and their religion laide aside . And yet that is not all , for either they waxe prophane in their life , or hereticall in their opinions . Doe the children of God loue on this manner ? No , the holy Ghost which they haue receiued in effectuall manner , doth shedde the seede of loue in their hearts , and doth worke in them a speciall liking of his goodnesse , of his righteousnesse , and of his holinesse : and therefore of sincere affection they loue him . As the naturall childe loueth his father naturally , and though his father beare him , yet beareth he it , and still loueth him : so doe the children of God deale ; They haue powred into them ( as Saint Peter saith ) a godly nature , so that they doe freely loue God their father : & though he afflict them , or crosse them in their desires , yet they loue him , and in loue performe their obedience vnto him continually : therefore Iob saith , Though he kill me ▪ yet will I trust in him : They therefore are said to haue receiued a free spirit , and to serue God in the libertie of the spirit . And who seeth not this to be a plaine and manifest difference betweene them ? therefore we may well take it as a third marke or rule , whereby to proue and trie our selues . The fourth and last rule is , in considering the worke and effect which Gods mercie receiued , doth worke in vs : for , herein doe the wicked shewe their wickednesse two wayes , First , on the right hand , the mercies of God do worke in them a wonderfull contentation : but not such as causeth them to returne the glory vnto God , nay rather it is such , as causeth them to take all glorie to themselues : for the graces of God doe puffe them vp , and make them proud , and conceited in themselues . Here of there ariseth a great securitie , which bringeth first neglect , and afterwarde contempt of all good meanes , whereby they should grow vp in goodnesse . On the left hand others offēd , being neuer pleased nor contented with that they haue : nay indeede forgetting and lightly esteeming that they haue , and still desiring new . These men besides that they be vnthankful , they doe also murmure and grudge against God , & are neuer pleased with him Betweene these two , doe the children of God hold a middle and euen course : and therefore wee shall see these things in them . First , a sight & an acknowledging of the wants which doe moue them , as S. Peter saith , Like new borne babes , to desire the sweete and sincere milke of the word , that thereby the graces they haue may be increased , and their other wants may be supplied ▪ and so farre are they from being puffed vp with pride , that they reioyce when their pride may be pulled downe , or their haughtinesse abated , either by some sharpe rebuke , or by some fearefull threatning , or by some moderate correction from the Lord. For they know , that if it were needefull for S. Paul to be buffeted , and that by the minister of Satan , to the intent that his pride might be beaten down : then it is much more needful for them , after sundrie waies to be humbled . Besides , they doe not only desire the word , but they also waite vpō the Lord , vntill it please him to worke further in them thereby : and this waiting is as earnest as is theirs , who hauing watched all the night , doe waite and looke for the dawning of the day . Secondly , as they see their wants , so also they see that grace they haue receiued , and are for that time well appayed , and contented therewith : and therefore as their wants doe humble them , so the graces of God receiued doe comfort them : and as their wants doe call vpon them , & cause them to seeke more , so that they haue , doth prouoke them to be thankefull for that they haue receiued . See then a quite contrarie course of the wicked , and those that of sinceritie doe worship God : see I say , how contrarily the graces and gifts of God doe worke in them . And therefore from the consideration hereof , wee may well draw a fourth rule whereby to make triall and examination of our selues . So to conclude this point in a word , when a man by the spirit of God hath been inlightned vnto a certaine and sufficient knowledge of Gods will : when he findeth his affection , chiefly and aboue all other things set vpon God : when he findeth a pure and sincere loue of God in his heart , not for wages , but for the worke of grace , which after an vnspeakeable manner doth moue him thereunto : & when he doth thankfully acknowledge mercies receiued , as he doth carefully attend and waite vpon the Lord : til he bestow some greater measure of graces vpon him ; then may he bee vndoubedly perswaded , that hee hath found the spirit working in him in a more effectuall manner , and that therefore it shall neuer be taken from him . But what then ? may such men cast off all care ? No , for vnto them doth S. Paul giue this charge , That they doe not quench the spirit . And notwithout cause doth he giue them this charge : for though the spirit it selfe can neuer be taken vtterly from them , yet doubtlesse if they waxe proud , if they grow secure , if they fall into sinne , then the graces and gifts of the spirit may decay and dye in them , their cleere vnderstanding , their feeling , their affection and all may be gone ; so that in their own iudgement and in the iudgement of others , it may seeme that they haue quite quenched , & put out the spirit . Neither must this seeme so strange ; for if the image of God , which was more perfectly placed in Adam , than it is now in vs : If I say , this image might quite be lost and blotted out , as we see it was ; then no marueile if the graces of the spirit of God be for a time , as it were dead and drowned in vs. And that we may be the lesse offended herewith , the Scriptures doe offer vnto vs such examples of men , as hauing been once effectually called and truly borne againe , haue yet afterward through some sinnes , lost the graces of the spirit : such were the Galathians , for they were truly called , and effectually regenerate by the spirit and Gospell of God , as may appeare by this , that for the words sake they reuerenced the Apostle as the Angell of God ; yet they were snared with false doctrine , and fel very dangerously to the choking and quenching of the graces of Gods spirit in them . The spirit it selfe was not tak●n from them , nay , Christ did still continue in their hearts : but yet for want of godly graces , hee was as it were without fashion or forme : so that the Apostle did as it were trauell againe , vntill Christ was fashioned anew in them . Dauid also vpon the committing of his sinne , was brought into the like ●ase : therefore in the 51. Psalme he prayeth , That God will create in him a new spirit . What ? was the spirit quite gone ? No , for by and by in the same Psalme he prayeth , That the Lord would not take away his holy spirit from him . How can these two stand together , first to pray , that a new spirit may bee created in him ; and then , that the spirit of God may not be taken from him ? Surely the spirit it selfe was still in him , and therfore he prayeth , that it may not be taken from him : but the graces , and gracious working of the spirit they were dead and gone ; and therefore he praieth that they may be renewed in him . By this then we see that the very chiefe graces of the spirit may be quenched , euen in the most godly , when they fall into sinne . But yet that no libertie may be taken hereby , let vs a little consider what griefe and punishment they procure to themselues , that do by any meanes lose the graces of the spirit . First of all we must know , that though the spirit of God cānot be gotten by our labour , yet it costeth vs much labour , and wee must vndergoe much trauell , and suffer much trouble , before the spirit of God doe take possession of vs : now when the graces of the spirit are lost , all this our labour seemeth to be lost , and what griefe is it to see the whole labour and trauell of a man to vanish and come to nothing ? Secondly , when a man receiueth the spirit of God , and by the same spirit is assured that his sinne is forgiuen him , & that he is in the fauour of God ; there doth arise in his heart a great ioy in the holy Ghost ; a ioy I say , that is vnspeakeable and glorious : and this ioy is lost and gone , when the graces of Gods spirit are gone , with how great griefe and woe , they knowe , that in any measure haue tasted of it . Againe , when the graces of the spirit are choked in men , then they haue no heart to doe good , they haue no affection to goodnesse , but all is gone ; and they are made for the time , as it were an vnprofitable burthen of the earth . What griefe can be greater than this ? what sorrow can sinke more deepe , than that a good man should bee cleane withholden from doing good Moreouer it is sure , that whē the gifts of the spirit are in this sort gone , then he that was most righteous before , may soone fall into great sinnes , yea and which is more , they shall also suffer the reproch of their sinnes . For this is a part of the couenant that God made with his . That though he will not take his mercies vtterly from them , yet hee will visite their sinnes with the rodde , and their iniquities with scourges : and what griefe this is , the example of Gods children may shew vs. What griefe was it to Noah to become a laughing stocke to his owne son ? What heart-breaking to Dauid , by his owne sonne to bee thrust from his kingdome ? So grieuous were those punishments laid vpon them , that if without any respect of hell or heauen , we could consider of them , we had rather want all the pleasures of sinne , which they enioyed , then wee could beare the reproch and feele the paine which they suffered . Last of all , when the graces of the spirit of God are once decayed , they can neuer bee repayred and recouered , but with much sorrowe and great danger : for it cannot but breede much sorrow of heart , to remember his former sinnes , to examine and see the greatnes of them , to apply Gods iudgements to them , and to prouoke himselfe to sorrow for them . This is as it were to goe through the pikes , and through a purgatorie in this present life ; and yet this must be done , before wee can recouer Gods graces againe . Againe , it is a very dangerous thing : for in such cases men are brought as it were with Ionas , into the bottome of the sea : and as Dauid saith , into the deepe waters , so that all the surges and waues doe passe and flow ouer him . Now we know what danger it is for a man to be thrust ouer head and eares into the deepe waters : and therefore they that are in such a case , are in great danger . Wherefore all these things considered , the losse of all our labour , the losse of all true ioy , the vnfitnes to doe good , the readines to sinne ; the griefe and daunger that insueth thereof , will , or at the least wise may cause vs to beware how we● quench the spirit . And this is the vse of the doctrine , in humbling of vs : which also doth furthermore serue to comfort vs , knowing that we may suffer a great decay of Gods graces ; yet by the rod , or by the word of God , or by both , they shall be renewed in vs againe . And thus much of this commaundement that the Apostle giueth here , that we should not quench the spirit . OF MVRMVRING THE SECOND SERMON . Exodus 16. 2. And all the congregation of Israel murmured against Moses and Aaron . MANY men nowadayes hearing the often murmurings of the children of Israel , doe euen spit at them , and account them as the worst people vnder the Sunne , which would so often and so obstinately rebell against the Lord. But these men doe little consider either the temptations , wherewith the Israelites were prouoked to murmur , or the corruption of their owne hearts , which will as bitterly murmur vpon lesse occasion . For albeit they were an obstinate and stiffe necked people , as Moses witnesseth of them , euer since they came out of Egypt vntill now : yet here no doubt they were vehemently tempted , when they from the plentie of all things , which in Egypt they enioyed , were brought into a rough & desert wildernes , being sixe hundred thousand men , besides women and children , & great store of cattel , hauing neither meate nor drinke , wherwith they might be nourished . Wherefore let vs cease to wonder at this people , and let vs in them see our owne corruption , & we shall finde it to be as great as euer theirs was . For doe not many men , I pray you , euen among vs , beholding the riches of others , or the plentie of things which the Lord bestoweth vpon his Magistrates , or ministers , for the faithful discharge of their duties , doe they not , I say , murmur against Gods seruants set ouer them ? And are they not more grieued for the wāt of such things , than thankful for that the Lord hath freed them from such troubles , which others haue , or giuen them sufficient to liue vpon ? True it is , notwithstanding the greatnes of this peoples temptation , yet their sinne was wicked in them , and great and hainous in the sight of God , because that whereas they had often times manifold waies ▪ & after a wonderfull manner felt and tasted of the goodnesse of the Lord , in so much that the very vnthankfullest of them all , had been driuen to confesse it : ( for wonderfull was their deliuerance out of Egypt , so miraculous was their preseruation at the red sea , and infinite mercies more aboue hope and expectation bestowed vpon them ) yet now forgetting all his former benefits , would so gradge and murmur for the want of meate , that rather than they would continue still , they would wish againe to returne to bondage . And indeede such is the nature of murmuring , that it will cause a man not only to forget Gods benefits , but to forget that he is a man. It preuailed so much with this people , that they wished themselues againe in Egypt , although they knew that there they were most miserably afflicted : & that the Lord in carrying them thither at the first , did in iustice punish them for their sinne . And this wish of theirs is as much as if they should haue said , would the Lord had at once cut vs off and destroyed vs , rather than left vs in this case . Thus they were contented to doe , so that they might haue their bellies full , and rather than they would depart from their flesh-pots and other pleasures , which in Egypt they inioyed : Many are like minded to these people nowadaies : for wee see diuers vpon their death-beds very senseles and secure , who can be conte●ted with open mouth to record the goodnesse of God towards him in things concerning this present life : but in the meane time , being without hope , sense or feeling of the sweete ioyes to come , doe die thus by their fleshpots . Othersome , if they bee brought to any miserie , as pouertie , sicknes or such like , doe beare it so impatiently , that in their hearts , and oftentimes in open speeches they wish they neuer had been borne : shewing thereby that their flesh-pors doe more like them , and their health doth better please them , than the goodnes and louing countenance of the Lord. None of all these doe euer consider what they haue receiued of the Lord , but their eyes are still vpon their wants ; and the want of one thing that they doe desire , though it be but small , is more disquietnesse vnto them , & maketh them to murmure , more than the enioying of many benefits which they haue , can quiet their hearts , in the trust of Gods prouidence , or make them thankfull . Now if any of vs shall be brought to wish our death by the griefe of any affliction , let vs shake it off , and put it farre from vs , the desire is euill : for it is better ( as Salomon saith ) to be a liuing dogge , than a dead lyon . For bee wee neuer so miserable whilest we liue , there is a time left for repentāce , but after death there is none : therfore in thy life time labour to feele Gods mercie in Iesus Christ , and then no miserie shall euer hurt thee , till thou be gathered into his kingdome . This shalt thou learne to doe if thou canst receiue the fauour of God for it selfe , though it come alone , yea though trouble doe come therewith , knowing and perswading thine owne heart , that hauing it thou hast all things ; and if thou want it , yet in greatest abundance thou hast nothing . Againe , if thou haue it , no manner of misery can make thee miserable : and if thou haue it not , in greatest felicitie thou art most miserable . But the Israelites deat hereafter a cleane contrarie manner : for the want of bread here in the wildernesse , being put for their bodies , did make them to despise their great and wonderfull deliuerance out of Egypt , which was vnto them a signe of their spirituall deliu●rance . And this is the nature of all naturall and worldly men , so basely to estimate Gods graces , that they had rather forgoe many richer spirituall benefits and blessings , then one worldly and corporall commoditie : for the want of riches doth vexe & trouble them , more then the want of spirituall and heauenly graces : and the hauing of riches doth more reioyce their hearts , than the burthen of sinne , which procureth Gods wrath , doth worke their griefe . Such men know not that riches are no sure signes of Gods fauour , though hee in the abundance of his mercy doth let his Sunne shine vpon the wicked and vpon the good : so that the hauing of riches is no argument that he loueth vs ; nor the want o● them is any argument of his displeasure towards vs. Who so therefore seeketh God in these outward things onely , and bindeth his fauour vnto them , doth neither with them , no● without them , duely esteeme of the fauour of God , but setteth light thereby : which although in plaine words he speaketh not , ( for the children of Israel here did not flatly speake against the Lord , but against his Ministers Moses and Aaron ) yet whilest he is carelesse of the word , prayer , and Sacraments , and despiseth and grudgeth against Gods Ministers and seruants , he manifestly declareth what price it beareth in his heart . It standeth euery man in hand then , in his own● hear● to feele his sinne , and to be sorrowfull for it ; to know it is in him , and then to leaue it : least the god of this world whom he serueth , doe for a while giue him his desire , that in the world to come hee may haue him for his portion : and to such as acknowledge this murmuring to be a sinne , and be grieued for it , there followeth remedies to helpe out of it . For as much as impatience and murmuring proceedeth from infidelitie , the remedie therefore must be fetched , first from faith in Gods mercies , & in the benefits which Christ hath by his death purchased vnto vs , and in the hope of the Resurrection to euerlasting life , and in Gods fatherly prouidence : which things if we do belieue , we must also belieue that God in this life will sufficiently minister vnto all our wants : and vnlesse wee doe belieue them , wee doe not , neither can we belieue with assurance that the Lord will preserue vs. But if we doubt whether the Lord will helpe vs in earthly things , we must needs much more doubt of his fauour in spirituall benefits First therefore the great and rich mercie of the Lord , and his fauourable dealing with vs , being duely considered , shall be very profitable to worke in vs patience : for if we see how the Lord forbeareth vs , and rewardeth vs , not according to our sinnes : ●ay , if we see that when for the ripenes of our sinnes he might confound vs , yet ●e doth not so much as punish vs ; and when hee might iustly punish vs , yet he dealeth mercifully with vs , and bestoweth his mercies vpon vs. If ( I say ) we can acknowledge this to be his ●rdinarie dealing , that by his long suffering he doth leade vs to repentance , and by his manifold mercies he doth as it were weane vs from our sinnes , this would much bridle our murmuring , and instruct vs to patience . And yet we see a further thing then this in this people of Israel : for the Lord doth not only beare with their sinnes , and bestow many mercies vpon them ; but to helpe them , and to doe them good , he doth vse extraordinary meanes ; as to bring downe bread from heauen , to make water gush out of the Rocke : where hee sheweth , that for the safetie of his people , euen when all meanes doe faile , and when to mans iudgement there is no way to finde out helpe or deliuerance ; yet there will the Lord magnifie his mercie towards his seruants , and will worke wonders for their preseruation . Hee doth not thus deale with the Israelites onely , but hee maketh this his ordinarie dealing with his seruants from time to time . As Moses applyeth this place , when he saith , The Lord hath fed thee with this M●nna fortie yeeres ▪ that thou maist knowe that man liueth not by bread ●●ely : and CHRIST in our person , being tempted to vse vnlawfull meanes , ouer came the diuell with this answere , Man liueth not by bread onely . Teaching vs , and leauing vs an example to haue the s●me answere in readinesse , in the like temptations : knowing and assu●ing our hearts , that the Lorde will by one meanes or other , doe good vnto his children , and dispose of all things that shall befall them for the best : onely let them take heede of this , that they rest in his word , and goe no further , but by faith waite on him therein , and he will giue that shall be sufficient for them , if not in earthly benefits , yet in spirituall graces . The second helpe which we must vse to refraine our murmuring , is the liuely faith of our redemption wrought by Christ , which cōsisteth in the free forgiuenesse of our sinnes , and the imputation of Christs righteousnesse vnto vs , & in the sanctification which is by his holy spirit . First then , if we can stedfastly beleeue , that God for Christs sake hath freely forgiuen vs all our sinnes , yea that he hath giuen vs his onely beloued sonne , that wee might be beloued in him , wee shall without any great adoe beleeue that the Lord will not suffer vs to want any thing , but with him will giue vs all things : for seeing sinne , which is the cause of all miserie , is taken away from vs , that so we might be with Christ inheritors of the heauens , we may be sure that in the meane time no miserie shall hurt vs. Thus Abraham hauing receiued a promise for seed of his sonne Isaac , doubting nothing but that the Lord would prouide meanes to bring the same to passe , in the assurāce hereof sent his seruants to his owne people to prouide a wife for his sonne . And these children of Israel no doubt , if they had beleeued that the Lord had deliuered them out of Egypt , that he might bring them to the promised land , they would neuer haue doubted of his mercifull preseruation , neither here in the wildernesse , nor elsewhere , till they had come to the land of promise . And againe , if we could firmely beleeue that God the Father for Christs sake doth not only not impute our sinnes vnto vs , but that he doth also accept vs in the righteousnesse of his Sonne , imputing the same vnto vs , how should we doubt of meate or raiment , or any such other thing ? For by this meanes he is made our mercifull and louing father , which knoweth perfectly what things we stand in neede of : and for his power is able euen in greatest extremities to helpe vs , and for his loue and good will towards vs will helpe vs : and thus doth he abide for euer , and is neuer changed . For though a mother should forget her children , yet will the Lord neuer forsake those that loue him , and in faith call vpon him . To this free forgiuenes of sinnes , & the imputation of Christs righteousnesse vnto vs , there must be added the sanctification of the spirit , as the second part of our redemption : which i● we be once throughly perswaded of it , it shall be a speciall help vnto vs against all impatience and murmuring against the Lord : for it is a greater thing to turne a sinner , than to worke wonders in nature . And therfore if in our hearts we can beleeue that God hath made vs of sinfull and wicked men , iust and righteous ; of vile wretches , the vessels of righteousnesse ; of the mansions of the diuell , fit temples of his holy spirit ; if we doe beleeue that he can make of couetous men , liberall men ; of whoremongers , chaste persons ; of oppressors , vpright dealing men : yea , if we can beleeue that the Lord both is able , and willing also to deliuer vs from any sinne that is within vs , be it neuer so strong either by nature or by euill custome : and last of all , if we can beleeue that he is able to make the wolfe and the lambe to lie together , the leopard and the kid ; shall we euer doubt that he will once faile vs , or suffer vs to want the thing that is meete for vs , seeme it neuer so vnpossible to be attained vnto ? Thirdly , if we beleeue that with Christ we shall be raised vp at the last day , we shall as stedfastly beleeue that he will preserue vs : for it is a greater matter to raise vp our bodies being dead and consumed to dust , than to preserue them whilest they are aliue : if he can doe the greater , he can doe also the lesse . Moreouer , if we be perswaded that our heauenly father hath prepared a kingdome for vs in the heauens , we must needs beleeue that in this life he will not leaue vs nor forsake vs , but will mercifully prouide for our necessities : for if he will giue vs the greater benefits , he will also giue vs the lesse , if he in wisedome see it fit for his glorie , and profitable for vs. The fift thing we must stay our selues vpon , when murmuring doth assaile & tempt vs , is faith in Gods prouidence . This prouidence is generall or particular , in both which we must be throughly grounded , if we will withstand all occasions of murmuring , and not breake out , in temptations , into impatience . The generall prouidence of God must be considered , first in creation of all things : secondly , in preseruing them . Doe we then beleeue that the Lord made all things of nothing , and shall wee not beleeue that he will preserue them ▪ Now seeing they are made , doe we beleeue that God made all men , and shall we then stand in feare of men ▪ When God created light , before the Sunne , the Moone and the Starres ; and when hee made grasse to growe vpon the earth , before th●re was either raine or dewe to water them , he did thereby teach vs : first , that wee should not put too much trust in them whilest we haue them : and againe , that rather then we should suffer hurt by the want of light , grasse , or other such things , the Lord both could and would prouide for vs without them . Yet now if wee should not haue the Sunne , wee would thinke ▪ that light were taken from vs ; and if wee wanted raine , wee would soone thinke we should neither haue grasse nor corne , nor any fruit of the earth : but the Lord hath ordained these meanes to serue his prouidence , not for himselfe , for without them hee can as easily helpe vs , but for our weakenes , which otherwise could not easily be assured of his goodnes . Secondly , we must beleeue that God preserueth all , as well as he created them : yea the small sparrow doth not fall vpon the earth , without his prouidence , and he hath a great care ouer the very beasts of the field : doth the Lord prouide for these , and will he not also prouide for man ? Hath he care of beasts ? yea indeede hee hath , because they were made for man : and shall hee not much rather haue care ouer man , for whom things were made ? Men say they doe beleeue all this : but whilest there is such doubting of Gods prouidence , and such repining against God , they doe plainly shewe , they doe not beleeue this first article of their faith , neither in creation , nor in the vniuersal gouernment and preseruation of all things . Hereunto we must ioyne the particular prouidence of God , which if wee can bee once throughly perswaded of , then shall wee easily ouercome the griefe of all our wants . Hath the Lord made any thing in vaine ? hath he not made all things for his glorie ? Then if we beleeue that hee hath made our bodies , shall wee not also beleeue that he will prouide for them , seeing the creation thereof is more wonderfull , than the preseruation is ? as appeareth , Psalm . 29. 139. Hath he care ouer the wicked to doe them good , and will he not much more reioyce ouer his children to doe them good ? If the Lord loued vs when we were his enemies , will he not prouide for vs being redeemed by the blood of his sonne ? Did hee good vnto vs when we sought him not , and will he not much more when we seeke him by prayer in the blood of his Sonne , as he hath cōmanded ? If he hath done vs good when he might haue punished vs for our sinnes , wil he not be much more fauourable vnto vs now , seeing he hath by his holy spirit sanctified vs ? O that men had hearts to beleeue this , they would then giue glorie vnto God in their distresses , putting their trust in him , & looking for helpe at his hands in his conuenient time . This prouidence of God must be confirmed vnto vs by the examples of Gods children in all ages , whose examples are set downe in the Scriptures , that we by them might learne patience . If the fathers before the flood eating nothing but hearbes , yet liued some 700. yeeres , some 800. some 900. yeeres , and some more ; shall wee not learne thereby , that man liueth not by these meanes ? And againe , if he nourished them 900. yeeres , and that with hea●●es , we may be sure he will feede vs 90. yeers with flesh and fish , and other greater meanes . When he fed the Israelites fortie yeeres with Manna from heauen , which after such a sort was neuer seene before , whereof if they reserued any without the Lords commandement , if straightway putrified and was corrupted : but when by the commandement of God it was kept before the testimonie , it was not corrupted . The Lord left vs a lesson that wee must learne thereby , namely , that it is not the meanes , but the blessing of God vpon the meanes , that nourisheth vs : and therefore if we haue them , wee must not put our trust in them : and if we want them , wee must not distrust in God. Did Moses and Eliah liue fortie dayes without meate ? and did the Israelites walkein the wildernesse fortie yeeres in the same apparell which waxed not olde ; whereas othersome hauing meate in abundance , yet are hunger-starued , and being laden with clothes , yet quake for cold : shall we not yet learne that the blessings of God are all in all , and that the other are but meanes prouided for our weaknes ? Dauid proued by experience , that the righteous seede of the righteous parents , were neuer forsaken , nor begged their bread . If we no doubt could come to such measure of obedience as they did then , and if we could be righteous as in his time men were , the Lord would prouide for vs as well as he did for them , and we should haue as good experience hereof as euer had Dauid . To this prouidence of God , wee must bring a patient minde , which first must bee contented with whatsoeuer the Lord sendeth , & alwaies acknowledge godlines to be great riches . For we ought not to seeke great matters , nor suffer our desires to be carried after high things : for this did the Lord by his Prophet Ieremie rebuke in Baruck ▪ And CHRIST giueth vs another rule , when he teacheth vs to pray for daily bread ; which when we haue , then must we be contented . This minde was in our father Iacob , when hee prayed for nothing else but meate and clothing . And this doth Paul generally command to be in all , saying , When we haue meate & clothing let vs be contented . We must first therefore seeke the kingdom of God , and the righteousnes therof : we must first labour for the forgiuenes of our sinnes in Christ , that so we may be in the fauour of GOD ▪ and enioy the light of his louing countenance ; which when we haue , and feele , let vs esteeme it aboue all earthly treasure , as Dauid doth : let vs receiue it though it come alone , yea , though it bring troubles with it , & then for outward things , we shall possesse our soules in patience . If the Lord giue plentie of them , wee shall take it as an ouerplus of his fauour : but if he giue the lesse , yet shall we be contented , because we binde not his fauour to these outward things : but if wee cannot rest in the fauour of God , though wee want these outward things , it is certaine wee neuer truly esteemed the fauour of God , neither did we euer feele the forgiuenes of our sinnes , if wee could not when we felt it be therewith contented , and ready to forgoe all other things . The second propertie of a patient minde is , simplie to giue vp it selfe vnto God , and commit itselfe into his hand , waiting at all times for helpe from him , who onely is the a●thor of all goodnes , yet neither prescribing the meanes , nor appoynting the time , nor in any case indenting with him : for the Lord will haue the disposition of his mercies free vnto himselfe , to giue and to bestow , when and where , and how it pleaseth him , and as it may most make for his glorie . We must then euermore and with our whole hearts , desire and craue of the Lord , that his blessed Name may be glorified , that his Kingdome may be enlarged , and his holy will performed : but the meanes to bring these things to passe , we must whollie leaue vnto him , who knoweth what is best : and in other things which concerne our outward estate , we ought alwayes to rest in his good pleasure . This , i● we can once doe , so mercifully doth hee vse to deale with vs , that when wee least desire them wee shall haue them : and when we freely giue them vp to him , he will soonest giue them vs againe . Salomon desired wisedome of the Lord , but for outward things , his prayer was that hee might haue a meane estate ; then the Lord gaue him wisedome , which his heart so much desired , and riches also which he did not once desire Oh happie man ▪ if in his heart he had desired to walke before the Lord in feare ! Abraham gaue vnto the Lord Isaack his sonne , which when the Lord did behold , he quickly gaue him his sonne againe : euen thus also must we thinke it standeth now with vs. The readiest way to obtaine life , is to be heartily well contented either to liue or to die , and to commit our selues vnto the Lorde , knowing that nothing euer perished that was committed to his keeping : so is it also in all other outward things , the readie way to obtaine them , is to giue them vp wholly into his hands . But yet wee must not commit these things to the Lord with this condition , that hee should giue them vs againe , for that were to mocke the Lorde : but without all care to haue them , wee must giue them to him , beeing ( in respect of his glorie , and because his good pleasure is so ) heartily well content to forgoe them , and then if they be good for vs , we shall receiue them againe ; if not , wee shall receiue some spirituall grace , which better shall supplie the want of them . Yea , the infinite wisedome and mercie of God doth wonderfully appeare herein : for sometimes he keepeth vs long without these things , because that if wee had them , hee seeth we would abuse them , and would preferre them before spirituall blessings . And sometime the Lorde seeing our small regard and accompt of spirituall things , will by the want of these outward things , bring vs to make greater accompt of them , that when wee can well want the one , and highly esteeme the other , we may haue both together ▪ Let vs therefore reuerence this great goodnes and wisedome of the LORD , and be content with the vse of life which he in mercie graunteth vs , knowing that it is better to be a liuing dogge then a dead Lyon. For whilest we liue we haue time to repent , and time to glorifie God : but after death there is no time left for repentance . Whosoeuer then doth not account the vse of life a singular benefit , though he doe euen want things necessarie for the same , he is vnworthie of life , or of any other the blessings of God therein . The end of all then is this , that patience is wrought in vs , & strengthened by the assurance of Gods mercies , by faith in Christ , by hope of euerlasting life , and by trust in Gods prouidence : and therefore the carking care of these things is left to the Gentiles , which are ignorant of the forgiuenes of sinnes , of Gods prouidence , and of euerlasting life : so that if we be like them in these greedie desires , it argueth that either we know not these things , or if in iudgement we doe conceiue them , yet in heart we doe not beleeue them . By meditation therefore of these things we must learne patience , whereby we may ouercome our murmuring and grudging nature , whensoeuer our flesh by any occasion is prouoked thereunto . FINIS . OF ZEALE . THE THIRD SERMON . Reuel . 3. 19. Be zealous therefore and amend . AS Zeale can neuer be sufficiently commended , so much lesse may it effectually be perswaded to many : howbeit , that wee may shadow out some Anatomie thereof , let vs first see how God commendeth it , then how hee rewardeth it , that so wee may the more freely with greater authoritie speake of the thing it selfe . What is the vse of the first foure Commaundements , but that wee should with zeale worship the Lord ? The first precept chargeth all men charwith the matter of God his worship , shewing what it is . The second geth vs with the manner , prescribing how wee must vse it . The third imposeth on vs the right end of his worship , and teacheth why we must doe it . The fourth commaundement pointeth the time , and instructeth vs when wee must solemnely professe and exercise this worship of God. Concerning the large promise offered to pure zeale , what is greater than that the Lord should binde himselfe to aduance them into the chaire of honour before all the world , who will honour him ? Againe , that he will defame them most surely with some notable marke of infamie that dishonour him : yea , and he will vomit them vp as a loathsome burthen , to testifie his vtter misliking of them . First now let vs consider how true zeale beginneth in our selues , and taketh his proceedings to others . For neuer can that man be zealous to others , which neuer knew to be zealous to himselfe . And as zealous men in their ascendent begin at themselues , and goe to others ; so in their retrograde they come from others , & end in themselues . If we consider the zeale of Abraham , Moses , Iosua , Samuel , Daniel , Iehosaphat , Ezekiah , we shall neuer see expressely in the word , that at any time they were more zealous to others than to themselues . We see on the contrarie , how it hath beene a fearefull note of hypocrites , and such as haue fallen from the liuing God , that they haue waded very deepely into other mens possessions , & gored very bloodily into the consciences of others , who neuer once purged their owne vncleane sinkes at home , no● drew one drop of blood out of their owne hearts . How zealous ( as wosull and late experience still crieth in our eares ) were some great reformers of the Church , who were readie to burst their bowels with crying ▪ against disorders abroad , and yet neuer reformed their owne consciences at home , no● found themselues any whit grieued for their owne sinnes ? These men being so zealous to others , but onely through some secret loue of the world , when they had that they sought for , made knowne their hollow and rotten zeale , in that without any griefe of conscience , they could rush into a profound worldlinesse , and without all godly sorrow , could a●ter they had satisfied their greedie and fieshly zeale , n●t onely more hardly ●eare vp their owne consciences , but also be so chaunged that they sowe vp thei● lippes , and ●pare their words from speaking in the like manner againe to others , and so are neither zealous to themselues nor others . True zeale casteth the first stone at our selues , and plucketh the beame out of our owne eyes , that we may the better draw the more out of anothers eye . And this is the condemnation of the world , that euery man can pr●e , and make a priu●e search into the wants of others but they account the same wants no wants in themselues . The father saith , thus the child d●th : so the child saith , in this dutie doth his father faile : the husband knoweth what the wife should doe ; the wife seeth the duties of her husband : we thinke in this particular another should behaue himselfe ; but yet the father repenteth not of the sinnes which he did being a child , the child repenteth not of his sinnes being a father , we call not in our consciences for those things which we dare challenge and one out for in others . Here offereth it selfe the second propertie of zeale , that it is sincere , and in the truth , it vrgeth our selues more than others , it maketh vs the most seuere censurers of our owne soules it is strictest to our ●elues , & offereth libertie to others : and this simplicitie appeareth either in inward corruption , or in the liberrie of outward things : the first whereof doth so humble vs in the wants present , and in those cor●uptions , which hang behind vs , that we are zealous of those secret ●uils which are not onely vnespied of others , but euen vnknowne also to our selues . Although the whole world cannot charge vs with want of dutie , yet considering our priuie corruptions , wee daily declaime against our selues , and say with the Apostle , though our consciences do not * oppresse vs , yet herein we are not iustified . Yea such ought to be ou● familiaritie and acquaintance with secret infirmities in ourselues , so grieuous ought they to be in our eyes , in our eares , to our faces , that where we shall see , heare , and behold the sinnes of others , they may be more tollerable , and so learne by the sense of our owne sores , to deale more mildly and m●ekely with the sores of others . Neither doe I meane , that we should make other mens sinnes no sinnes , and that wee should haue no kinde of censure vnto others , but that there should be that holy mixture in vs of the zeale of Gods glorie , and sight of humaine corruption , that for the one we may not spare to rebuke any sinne ; and for the other wee may moderate our rebukes with mildnes and meeknes Abraham was so strict to himselfe , that he would not take of the King of Sodom so much as a threed or a latchet , and yet he would not deny Aner , Echol and Mamre their libertie . Iob would not permit to himselfe , nor denie to his children their libertie of feasting : so that it is rather a Pharisaicall pride than a Christian zeale , to be too tetricall in vrging of others so farre , that whosoeuer in euery point is not pure and precise as we , we cast them off as dogs and prophane persons , and such as are vnworthie of any account or countenance . This then must be our pedagogie in this point , that as for the glory of God which is deere vnto vs , we are not to leaue the least sinne vnespied , or the least meanes vnattempted to aduance the glory of God. So for the grieuousnes of sinne , for the easines to fall into sin , for the vilenes of corruption which we haue obserued in our selues , for the knowledge of the wrath of God for sinne in vs , we are loth , for loue , to see our brother either so vilely infected , & so perillously endangered , to goe without our louing admonition , both to draw him out of his sinne , and to rescue him from the wrath of God due to his sinne . Further , this attribute of true zeale maketh vs as willing to be admonished , as carefull to admonish : and that not onely of our superiours , which is an easie thing , because it is a thing whereto of necessitie wee must yeeld ; but also of our inferiours , whom we may seeme to contemne . For all men will graunt that a child ought willingly to be admonished of his father , or a seruant ought obediently to be reprehēded of his master : but few will in practise giue this , that a father should listen to the aduertisement of his sonne , or that the maister should receiue an admonition of his seruant . Howbeit , Iob saith , he durst not contemne the iudgement of his feruant or of his maide when they did contend with him , because in a dutie of pietie he looketh to them not as seruants , but as brethren ; he looked not to the speaker onely , which in respect of his calling was his inferiour , but vnto the things spoken in the ordinance of God , vnto whom Iob himselfe was an inferiour , and before whom Iob knew there was no respect of persons . Howbeit , to correct the preposterous boldnes of some , we rather adde this much , that inferiours must rather aduise than admonish ; aduertise rather than reprehend their superiours , that so still they may offer their pure zeale of the glorie of God in vnfained humilitie , least through their corrupt zeale they doe not onely not profit their superiours , but most iustly exasperate them against them . For as Magistrates , Ministers and maisters by God his ordinance , are to admonish , rebuke and reprehend : so subiects , inferiours and seruants , by the same rule are to aduise , obey and aduertise Thus zeale goeth from respect of the person to the truth of the cause . Another propertie of zeale is to be constant , not to be hot by fits , cold in the end , and onely so long as the world fauoureth , it must not be earnest in the beginning and secure in the ending , but keepe a continuall tenour and temperature . Iobs wife seemed to goe farre so long as she could wash her paths with butter . Saul and Pharaoh had some good motions by fits , & vpon some occasion could play fast and loose , being of a strange complexion , that they could be hot & cold in a moment . This propertie of zeale teacheth vs how to be affected , in the prosperitie and afflictions of the Church , namely , that the publike prosperitie of Sion should comfort vs , & cause vs to reioyce when our priuate crosses might make vs sad . As Paul being imprisoned was not so grieued at his owne bonds , as he reioyced at the libertie of the Gospell of Christ. Againe , that the affliction of the Saints should moue vs to a godly griefe , euen when in respect of our selues we might greatly reioyce . As Daniel could not finde cōfort in his priuate prosperitie , though he were in great authoritie , and exempted from the common calamitie , because he knew the Church of God to be in miserie . But to goe forward , pure zeale is not blinded with naturall affection , but it discerneth and condemneth sinne , though it be neuer so neerely resident in our kindred . Many offend against this rule , who neuer will rebuke sin in their friends , euen vntill God reuenge it from heauen , where they are farre from true friendship : for whereas they might by admonishing them of their faults in time , preuent the iudgements of God , they do through a false loue and manifest hatred pull the iudgements of God vpon them , whom they loue most deerely . He loueth most naturally , that hath learned to loue spiritually ; and he loueth most sincerely that cannot abide sinne in the partie loued , without some holesome admonition . But doe not many now adaies zealously mislike sinne in strangers , who will not mislike the selfe-same sin if it come to kindred , if it be in our wife , in our children , o● in our parents , as though the diuersitie of subiects could make the selfe-same thing sinne in some , and not in other some . This blinde zeale God hath punished , and doth punish in his children . Isaac did carnally loue his sonne Esau , for meate and for a peece of venison . Dauid was too much affected to Absolom for his beautie , and to Adoniah for his comely stature , so as his zeale was hindred in discerning sinne aright in them . Now Iacob was not so deere to Isaac , and Salomon was more hardly set to schoole and to take paines . But behold God louing Iacob , and refusing Esau , howsoeuer Isaac loued Esau better than Iacob ▪ made Easu most troublesome , and Iacob more comfortable vnto him . Absolom and Adoniah brought vp like cooknies , became corosiues to Dauids heart , Salomon more restrained of God , le●le set by of Dauid , was his ioy , his crowne , his successour in his kingdome . This ●●sease is so hereditarie to many parēts , louing their children in the flesh rather than the spirit , that the holy Ghost is fame to call vpon them more vehem●●tly , to teach , to instruct , and to correct , as knowing how easily nature would coole zeale in this kinde of dutie . Indeed many will set by their wiues , children and kinsfolke , if they be thriftie , like to become good husbands , wittie and politike : or if they be such as for their gifts can bring ▪ some reuenue to their stocke , or affoord some profit vnto thē , how deepe sinners soeuer they be against God , that maketh no matter , it little grieueth them : whereby they bewray their great corruption , that they neither are zealous in truth or Gods glorie , nor louers aright of their children , because they can be sharpe enough in reprehension , if they faile but a little in thriftines , & yet are cold enough in admonition if they faile neuer so much in godlinesse . Well , let these fleshly zealous men lay to their heart the blind affection of Hel● , who being the deare child of God , was seuerely punished of the Lord , for that he was not zealously affected to punish sinne against God in his deere children : but blessed are they that can forget their owne cause , and euen with ieopardie of nature can defend the quarrell of God , henceforth labouring to know no man after the flesh , but to endeuour spiritually by faith to see and know Christ Iesus , so as no outward league doe bleare and dazell our eyes , as that we should not espie sinne in the neerest kindred to correct it : or that we should not discerne vertue in the greatest aliens to reuerence it . Casting off then this vaile of fleshly loue , we must labour to loue most where the image of God appeareth most , & there shew our affections in lesse measure , where sinne may be as a marke whereby God restraineth our loue , euen to them where nature may soonest deceiue vs. Now whereas many haue great courage to rebuke such as either cannot gainsay them , or gainsaying them , cannot preuaile against them , here commeth another propertie of zeale to be spoken of , and that is , that it feareth not the face of the mightie , neither is it dis●aied at the lookes of the proud and the loftie . Such a courage was in Iob , who besides that he made the yong men ashamed of their libertie and afraid of his grauitie , made euen the Princes also to stay their talke , and to lay their hands on their mouths . And yet here we must beware of their hastie zeale , who will not sticke to charge the children of God to be without zeale , if presently and abruptly they rush not into an open reprehension of men that are mightie in authority , as though no regard of place , time and persons were to be had : which opinion many by weaknes of iudgement defending , finde neither fruit in others , nor comfort in their owne consciences , when they do admonish in that presumptuous manner : for that hunting after feruentnes without the spirit of meeknes , and casting off all consideration of a godly oportunitie , they rather exasperate than humble the parties admonished , and they themselues rather depart with confusion and shame , for such posting on without warrant of wisedome , and not according to knowledge , than with comfort of heart for any dutie done . Neither am I here ignorant how great daunger of trouble of minde commeth to many , in that they being so curious obseruers and waiters of oportunitie , doe for some ease of the flesh , vnder the cloake of this wisedome , altogether leaue off that godly dutie . Wherefore as we affirme that wisedome and loue mixed together , doe deepely enter into the most prefract and prodigious spirits : so we mislike their fearefull delay of dutie , who hauing a meane occasion offered them from the Lord , doe not earnestly pu●●ue the quarrell of the Lord , and earnestly rebuke sinne though in some higher persona●●es . Out of this may issue another fruit of right zeale , namely , when we are zealous in their behalfe who can neuer recompence vs againe : for flesh and blood will easily admit to rebuke the iniuries , and reuenge the oppressions vsed to men of credit and abilitie , because it is a warie wisedome to patronage them in lesser things , who can be our patrons againe in greater things ▪ Thus Iob deliuered the poore that cried , the fatherlesse & him that had none to helpe him , he was the eyes to the blinde , the foote to the lame , at whose hands no hope of reward was to be looked for . But to draw to the last and most glorious propertie , this thing in zeale is most commendable , when we are humbled in our owne soules for those sinnes which we espie and censure in others , euen as though we our selues for want of instruction or prayer , were in some sort guiltie of their sinnes . If this rule were receiued in iudgement , and ●uerenced in practise of Ministers , Magistrates , and masters , when they are to admonish their inferiours of sinne , it is sure it would breede in them great conscience and religion . Alas wee see many who can mangle and martyr a man for some offence , who neuer learned for cons●nce sake to mourne for those infirmities which so bitterly he would i●ueigh against in others ▪ Let vs consider this in ministers , how the Apostle saith to the Corinthians : I feare le●●t when I come , m● God a●●ase me among you , and I shall be●aile many of them which haue ●●●ned alreadie , &c. Which no doubt he did as thinking that he did not duty enough , but that there was euen some cause of griefe in himselfe . Did the Apostle who had so little or no cause so to doe , thus lament and suspect himselfe , as though hee had not vsed all good meanes , or with the meanes good affections ; and should the ministers of our time , whose gifts and paines are f●rre inferiour , nothing bee moued for the sinnes of them for whom they ought to care and mourne ? Well , I hope that euen at this day there are some that feare they haue not in preaching publikely , opened al the mysteries of God to them , they thinke they haue failed in priuate admonition , they suspect themselues of want of praying for them , they are readie to accuse themselues , that they haue not walked so wisely and warily in vsing their libertie before them , or that their life hath not yeelded that example of godlinesse to them , as they ought to haue done . And so in the whole discourse almost of the sinnes of the seuerall Churches , the holy Ghost runneth on in this tenour , that whatsoeuer is spoken of the Church , is spoken to the Angels , that is , to the ministers of the Church , who are said to haue this or that sinne , which indeede was in the people . In the Primitiue Church when the credit of the Apostles was called into question , they might seeme to haue been much troubled about the matter : but they were much humbled by it , they examined them selues , they accused themselues , and afterward they instituted a new ministerie . But doth not this dutie as deepely charge Ministers and Masters to mourne for the sinnes of their people ? Yes doubtles , and for good reason . For if they will confesse that they must reioyce in the good things that befall their children and families , they must also lament the euils which betide them , so long as they are vnder their tuition and gouernment . FINIS . OF A GOOD NAME , THE FOVRTH SERMON Prouerbs 22. verse . 1. A good name is to be desired aboue great riches , and louing fauour aboue siluer and gold . ALl that is to be desired of a man is this , that hee bee vertuous , godly , and truly religious . This , because it is in it selfe most excellent and most contrarie to our nature , therefore the Scripture vseth many arguments and reasons to perswade vs thereunto : as in this place , where the Wise man would stirre vs vp to the loue of vertue , by setting before our eyes two principall effects and fruits which we may receiue by it . The first of these is , a good name : the second is , louing fauour : both which as they doe proceede from vertue and godlines , so they doe maintaine and increase one another . For as a man findeth much fauour with those that doe speake and report well of him : so those that will shew a man louing fauour , will , or at least ought to shewe it in this , that they may willingly affoord him a good report . Now both these are preferred before great riches , both these are accounted better than gold and much siluer : and surely whosoeuer is truly wise will make this account of them , whosoeuer doth rightly knowe to discerne what is good , he will first and especially labour for them : for a good name doth commend vs to God and to his holy Angels , in whose eyes those vertues whereof a good name doth arise , are most acceptable . But riches are not able to doe this , no , the abundance of siluer and golde is often an occasion of sinne , whereby we are most out of the fauour of God. Againe , whereas riches , especially if they be euill gotten , do cause men many times to hate vs , this good name and louing fauour doth win the hearts of many , yea it doth sometimes cause our enemies to be at peace with vs. And this euer hath been and euer will be most certaine and true , whether we looke to prosperitie or aduersitie , whether we looke to the common callings of this ciuill life , or the callings of the Church . For such is the corruption of mans nature , that naturally they doe not loue the Magistrates , that God hath placed ouer them ▪ but when the Magistrate hath gotten a good report by the due execution of iustice , by his pitifull dealing with the poore , and by his fatherly fauour to all that be good , then will his subiects loue him , then will they embrace him , then wil they willingly commit their matters into his hands , and then will they with faithfull and friendly hearts cleane and sticke fast vnto him . To be short , that Lawyer hath most clients , that Physition hath most patients , and that Merchant most customers , whose vertuous and godly dealings haue gotten them a good report . In the callings of the Church this also is true : for if any preacher by the faithfull discharge of his dutie , and by his godly life , haue once gotten the fauour and friendship of men , how gladly will men heare him , how quietly will they be ruled by him , in what simplicitie will they make known their griefes vnto him , & how careful wil they be to procure his good . The Schoolemaster also that hath the name of learning to teach , of discretion to rule , of godlines to traine vp his schollers in the feare of God , he neuer wanteth schollers , but the most and best men of all will flocke vnto him . Contrariwise , if any of those be discredited through any euill name , if the Magistrate be accompted an oppressor or a tyrant , the Lawyer be reported to deale deceitfully , if the Minister bee corrupted either in doctrine or life , if the Schoolemaster be once knowne to be insufficient in learning , vnwise in gouernment , prophane and of no religion ; then will all men be afraide to haue any dealing with them . Those things are often found true in peace and prosperitie : but in aduersitie , as in the time of warre , in the time of sicknesse , and in the time of want and pouertie , they be found most true . Will not all the poore comminaltie in the time of warre , seeke some aide at that Magistrate , who in the time of peace did good vnto them ? Nay rather will they not all with one consent come together , to helpe and defend them euen with all their might , and with life it selfe , seeing that he hath vsed all good meanes to saue and ●efend their liues ? Contrariwise , how many Kings , how many Captaines , how many Magistrates haue euen in their greatest neede been left and forsaken of their subiects & souldiers , because they haue too sharply and vnmercifully ruled them ? And which is more than this , the subiects haue euen procured the death of their princes , the souldiers haue laide violent hands vpon their captaines , and the tenants haue been the first that haue sought the death of their Landlords , because no pity , no compassion , no friendship and louing fauour hath been shewed vnto them . Againe , if Magistrate , Minister , Maister , or any other man by executing the duties of loue , haue wonne the hearts of the people , and gotten a good name among them ; then in his sickenesse they wil pray for him , they will visite him , they will beare with him a part of his griefe . Againe , what can bee more comfortable to a man than this is , this will glad him at the heart , and this will turne his b●d in all his sicknesse . In pouertie also he is soonest and most holpen which hath the best name , and hath obtained through vertue most fauour with men . For good men doe consider their owne case in him , and therefore are most readie to helpe him : yea euen the euill and vngodly men , although they beare him no great good wil , yet they are forced to helpe him , partly because his godly life doth witnesse vnto their soules , that he doth deserue to be holpen , and partly because the Lord doth turne their hearts to fauour him . The widow therefore that came to Eliah for helpe , vsed this argument to perswade Eliah ; O man of God ( saith she ) my husband is dead , and died in debt , yet he feared God ; therefore helpe I pray thee , seeing the creditors are come : and immediately Eliah helped her . On the other side , if a man be euil reported of , if he be an adulterer , an Atheist , an Idolater , a riotous person , or a man of hard dealing , and if such a one be once brought into some low estate , if he once fall into pouertie and neede , then the hearts of men are shut vp against him , no man will pitie him , and all men will see and say , his owne sinne is brought vpon him . And thus hath the testimonie of the Prophets , who did often threaten such kinde of punishments to vngodly men , so that no man should say , Ah my father , or ah my mother : but the whole citie should be glad of their departure . This did the heathen people see in some part , and therefore all of them did greatly desire a good name : and as euery one of them did excell in strength and in courage , or in wit , or any kinde of knowledge ; so they did labour by that thing to get some credit to themselues . And to conclude this point , though a man haue many good things in him , though a Magistrate doe feare God greatly , though a Minister be excellent in many points , though a Physition or Lawyer be skilful in their profession , yet if they haue not a good name , they can doe little good with their gifts . All this doth teach vs that indeed to be true which Salomon here saith , that a good name is to be chosen aboue great riches , and louing fauour aboue siluer and gold . Now the instructions which we may gather out of this place are chiefly two . The first is , that we ought not to hurt our neighbours aboue all things in their good name : and therefore the Lord in his law hath ordained , that he which doth such a thing , should haue the same punishment which he purposed to bring vpon another . Men would be loth to steale the goods of any man from him & yet the name of a man is more worth than all things in the world : therefore if any man by raising vp false reports doe impaire his brothers credit , he doth hurt him , and sinneth more grossely & more grieuously , than if he had taken away his lands or his liuing , his corne or his cattell , or any other thing that he hath . And though the thing be false which he reporteth , yet he sinneth neuerthelesse : for after that time euen good men will be more suspicious , and the wicked will not let it goe out of their mindes : But if this be against a Preacher , or professor of the Gospell , then the sinne is the greater , because God and his word becommeth dishonoured thereby . The second instruction is , that we must be carefull by all good meanes to get and maintaine our good name . For if it be a sinne to discredit another man , then much more is it a sinne to discredit our selues : if we be charged to further the good name of our brother , then are we streightly commanded to helpe forward our own as much as we be able : then it cannot be without great sinne , that a man should cast off all care of his owne credit . The very Heathen saw this to be a fault , & they did commonly say , that whosoeuer regardeth not the reports of men , he is dissolute indeed , and hath in effect lost the nature of man. And therefore we may well say , that he is without all hope of amendment , which is not brought to some remorse and sorrow , which with a shamelesse face can face out sinne , hauing adders cares and will not heare , charme the charmer neuer so wisely . As then a shamelesse face openeth a doore to all vngodlinesse , so due care of credit causeth a man to be very carefull of his waies : whosoeuer therefore will liue godly , he must safely prouide for his good name . Seeing these things be so , it shall be profitable to consider how this good name may be gotten and preserued : and againe , if we be discredited , what vse and profit we must make of it . For the first , it is certaine that seeing fame & honest report are good things , therefore they must needes arise and spring of those things that are good , as of vertue , godlinesse and good religion . Now whereas Turkes and such vngodly men haue great fauour amongst the people , and be well reported of , this indeed is no good name , because it ariseth not of goodnesse , it is only a vaine applause of the simple people : nay , it is euen the great and fierce wrath of God vpon them , though they neither see nor perceiue it , when they be well spoken of for their euill deedes . For by this meanes they be hardned in their sinne , by this meanes they be hindred and holden from repentance ▪ then the which there is not a greater punishment vnder the Sunne . Such a name then is not to be desired , nay wee ought rather to pray against such a name . And if wee will purchase a good name and be of good report , then let vs take heed that we seeke it by goodnesse and vertue , and then it will be a good name indeede . But let vs weigh these things more particularly , and let vs know that the first step to a good name , is the carefull and continuall auoidance of euill , both outward and inward . In outward and grosse euils wee must first beware of all euill generally : which thing if wee be not carefull to doe , then will our good name be soone impaired . Secondly , wee must narrowly looke vnto some speciall sinnes , whereunto our nature is most inclinable and subiect : For as one dead flye corrupteth a whole boxe of oyntment , though it be most precious ; so some one sinne doth often crack the credit of a man , though otherwise he haue been very well reported of . And if it behooueth euery man thus neerely to looke to his waies , then much more is it needful that euerie childe of God should so doe . For the world , through the hatred it beareth to them , dealeth with them as it dealeth with witches & Physitions . The witch though she faile in twentie things , yet if she doe some one thing aright , though it be but small , the world loueth and commendeth her for a good and wise woman . But the Physitian , if he worke sixe hundreth cures , yet if through the waiwardnes of his patient , or for the punishment of his patients sinne hee faile but in one , that one faile doth more turne to his discredit , than his manifold goodly and notable cures doe get him praise . In this manner doth the world deale with men , if a worldly man haue but an outward gift of strength , of speech , or of comelines , he shall be greatly praised and counted a goodly man , though hee be an Idolater , or a prophane person , and though he swimme and flow ouer in al manner of vices But let the childe of God be truly zealous in true religion , let him be honest and holy in conuersation , yet if there be but one infirmitie in him , or if he haue through weakenes fallen once into some one sinne , that one infirmitie against which he striueth , or that one sinne for which hee is grieued , shall drowne all the graces of God in him be they neuer so great , and the world wil account him a most wicked man. Seeing then this is the enmitie of the world against Gods people , how warily ought they to walke in so crooked and froward a generation ? And hereof they must bee so much the more carefull , because the wicked by such slips and infirmities , will not only take occasion to discredit them , but euen to speake of all their profession , yea and to blaspheme the glorious word of God a●d his eternall truth . Then if wee be carefull of our owne good name , nay if we haue any zeale of Gods glorie , if we haue any care of the word , if wee haue any loue of the Saints ; then let vs carefully shunne all and euery infirmitie , whereby Gods name is dishonoured , his glorious Gospell blasphemed , his children grieued , and we our selues discredited amongst the wicked And thus much for the open and outward sinne . As open sinne committed in the sight and view of men hath alwaies the punishment of an euill name ioyned with it : so also secret sinnes which are hidden as it were in the darke corners of our hearts , doe bring vs out of fauour & credit with God : and when we be once out of credit with him , then doth hee make our sinnes further knowne vnto men . For nothing is so hidden that shall not be brought to light , and nothing so secret that shall not be discouered in the sight of the world . And that we may the better be perswaded of this , let vs all know of a suretie , that the Lord hath many meanes to bring such things to light ▪ for he can make the fields to haue eyes to see our wickednesse , he can make the woods to haue eares to heare our vngodly counsailes : yea hee can cause the walles of our bedchambers to beare witnesse against vs for the sinnes committed vpon our beds . If this will not serue , he can goe further , and cause our friends to fal out with vs , and the men of our counsailes to bewray our wickednes . And though he hath not any such purpose when we make him priuie to our naughtie deuices , yet in displeasure the Lord doth cause him all at once to lay open all our secrets . Yea rather than thou shouldest beare no reproch for thy secret faults , the Lord will cause thine owne mouth to testifie against thee , and thine own words shall get thee discredit : for either vnawares thou shalt bewray thy selfe , or in thy sleepe by dreames thou shalt make the thing knowne , or in thy sicknesse thou shalt raue of it , or in some phrensie thou shalt vomite it out , or else the torment of thine owne conscience shall be so sharpe , that euen to thine owne shame thou shalt confesse thy fault . Last of all , when thou thinkest or deuisest euill against thy neighbour , though it be neuer so secretly , yet besides all the former , the Lord hath another meanes whereby he will bring thee to discredit for it . And this is a very vehemēt suspition raised vp in the heart of him , of whom thou deuisest this euill : for as it oftentimes comes to passe , that good motions which arise secretly in thy minde for the good of another , doe cause the other man to thinke well of thee , though he did neuer heare of them : so doubtlesse doth it o●ten come to passe in euill motions . Thou deuisest euill against another , hee in some strange manner hath a heart-burning in ielousie ouer thee : thou thinkest hardly of another man , and he also is hardly perswaded of thee . Thus the Lord doth cause thee to bee discredited in the hearts of others , as thou imaginest some euil against others in thine heart . True it is , that the partie may sinne and doe very ill if he suspect without iust cause , in as much as he doth thus suspect through an immoderate loue of himselfe : yet the worke of the Lord is here to be considered , who seeing the cause to be so iust , doth stirre vp such suspitions in his minde . Then to returne to our purpose , if we will auoide an euill name , we must auoide all euil surmises and deuises against others . And this the Scripture doth also forbid vs : for the Wiseman from the mouth of God doth forbid vs to thinke euill of the King in our bed-chambers , because birds and other dumbe creatures shall disclose the thing , rather than it shall be kept close . This then must make vs afraid to do euil , or to imagine ill in our beds , or to declare our deepe counsailes euen to them that lie in our bosomes . And this , as it is a good meanes to prouide for a good name , so it is a speciall rule of all godlines , not when we be afraide of open sinnes alone , but of secret euils : not of acts alone , but euen of the secret cogitations and thoughts of our hearts . Thus we haue heard the first step that leadeth to a good name . The second remaineth to be declared : and that is a godly ielousie ouer a mans owne doings , that they may not breede suspition of euill . For it doth often come to passe , that albeit a man doe not that which is simply euill , he may iustly be suspected , and suffer some blemish in his good name . And for this cause doth the Apostle charge vs to procure honest things in the sight of God and man. For this cause he commandeth vs , that if there be any thing honest or of good report , that we must follow , and that we must embrace . It is not enough therefore that men did say , I did thinke no euill , I did meane no harme : for if through want of care or discretion thou hast ventured vpon the occasion , thou hast giuen great matter of euill speeches to thy great discredit . If then we will auoide this euill name , as our prouerbe is , wee must auoide all things that bring it . For when men will care little to giue occasion , then the Lord causeth an euill name to be raised vpon them , that those which indeede are desperate may suffer iust discredit , and they that are otherwise may bee reclaimed from the same . And surely such is the crookednes of mans nature , that if the Lord should not take this course , euen his children would fall into many sinnes . Therefore it is most requisite that men bee mindfull to auoide occasions , and so much the rather , because it is commonly saide , either God or the diuell standeth at their elbow to worke vpon them . Let vs see this in some example of our common life . Thou art accustomed to walke abroade at inconuenient times , at that time some thing is stollen , and thou art burdened and charged with it Againe , thou vsest to deale too familiarly and lightly with a maide , she is gotten with child , & the fault is laid on thee . Hereof thou hast giuen suspition , because thou hast been a night goer , and such an one as hath dealt want only with the maide , albeit thou be free from the very act . Now if thou be the childe of God , and if thou be guided by his holy spirit , then will hee teach thee to take profit by this false report , and to say with thy selfe , Lord thou knowest that I am free from this v●ry act : yet it was my sinne to giue any such occasion whereby men might suspect me : this sinne , O Lord , I am guiltie of , and I know thou for this sinne hast iustly afflicted me . Yet deare father , I see thy mercie in this , that whereas indeede I haue committed many sinnes , thou hast passed ouer them , and taken this whereof I am not so much guiltie : so that now ( most mercifull father ) I doe rather suffer for righteousnesse , then for my transgression and sinne : yea deare Father , I doe beholde thy tender mercie in this towards mee , that by this euill report thou goest about to stay me from that sinne , and to preuent me● that I may neuer fall into the same . Wherefore , seeing it hath been thy good pleasure to deale thus with me , behold Lord I doe repent me of my former sinnes , and promise before thee euen in thy feare , neuer to doe this , or the like sinne euer hereafter . See here I beseech you the good profit which a good child of God , through Gods spirit , will take of this slanderous reproch , after he had receiued some godly sorrow for giuing the occasion of that report . But behold the contrary worke of Satan in the heart of vnbelieuers , for hee will soone teach them this lesson , and cause them to say thus : What ? doth the churle accuse me without a cause ? doth he father such a villanous act vpon mee , who neuer deserued it at his hands ? surely he shall not say so for nought , I will make his sayings true , and will doe the thing indeede . Consider then this yee that feare the Lord , and see in how fickle a state they doe stand which haue giuen occasion , and in what great danger they be to be brought to commit the same or the like sinne afterward ▪ Therefore if any will be sure to keepe his good name , then must he be sure to auoide all such occasions as might in any wise impaire and hinder it . And thus much for the second step , whereby we arise to a good name . Thus we haue heard of two degrees toward a good name , in the auoiding of euill , and the occasions thereof . And these indeed haue a great force to stay an euill name , but sure they be not able to build vp a good name and credit among men . To these therefore there must be added a third thing , which hath most speciall force for this purpose , and that is , that wee be plentifull in good workes . This doth our Sauiour Christ charge vs to be carefull of , when hee saith , Let your light so shine before m●n , that they may see your good workes . Manie repine at the good report of another m●n , and they bee greatly grieued , because they themselues be not in the like or some better credite . But alas , they should rather be grieued at themselues , because the fault is in themselues , for they regarde not to doe good , they are carelesse of good works , and therefore the Lord is as carelesse of them and their credite . Well , hee that will be commended , must doe the things that be commendable , he must doe good works , yea , he must doe good and pursue it . Yea , we must knowe that it is not one good worke , nor two , nor three , that can gaine vs a good name indeede : but it is required at vs , that we be rich in well doing , and continually giuen to euery good worke . For as a precious oyntment ( whereto a good name is compared ) is made of many and most excellent simples : so a good name cannot be gotten but by many most excellent vertues . Now when we feele our selues affected to goodnes , then we are warilie to see to two things : First , that all our workes bee done with a simple and sincere affection : Secondly , that they be done with good discretion . For when a thing is done vndiscretely and without aduise , it loseth the grace and beautie of the deede : and therefore though the thing be good , yet no great praise doth come of it , because it was not done with good discretion . Likewise , when men doe things with sinister affections , & to some other end then to the glory of God , they do commonly lose the price of their doings . And hereof it commeth to passe , that many men which do good works to merit by them , or to win the fauor of their superiors , or to be of good report among the people , or to some such other end , when ( I say ) men do things to this end , the Lord punisheth them with the cōtrarie , & in stead of deseruing glory , he powreth confusion vpon them ; in stead of honor , he giueth contempt ; & in stead of riches , beggerie . And albeit men may pretend the glory of God , & face out their wickednes with a fresh colour , yet the Lord will bring their wickednes to light . And truly it is maruellous to see how the Lord layeth folly vpon such men : so that although in their wisdome they thinke to bleare the eyes of all men , the simple soule doth see their shifts to their discredit . Therfore , when thou hast done well , and yet art ill reported of , do not straight way storme against him which hath raised vp this report against thee ; neither doe thou ouer hastilie cleere thy selfe : but rather before the Lord examine thine owne heart , and see with what affection thou hast done it . And if we finde wickednes in our hearts , then let vs be humble before the Lord , & know that he hath caused vs thus to be spoken of : first to correct vs , and secondly to trie vs. For when the Lord doth see vs like Scribes and Pharisies , seeking rewards , then he doth punish vs with the losse of our labour , and with shame amongst men , to see if thereby hee can bring vs to the sight of our sinnes , which before we neither would nor could see . And againe when we haue thus done , he doth trie vs whether there be any goodnes in our hearts , which may moue vs to continue in well doing , notwithstanding wee bee euill spoken of ▪ Here then wee may see what fruite we must make of such reports : namely , they must first bring vs to a sight and feeling of our sinnes : and secondly , they must cause vs with greater vprightnes to continue in well doing . True it is , a man may be accused to haue this or that purpose in his doings , although hee haue done the thing in the simplicitie of his heart . But when a man through examination doth finde his heart vpright , then he receiueth great comfort by it : then hee may commend himself vnto the Lord , and his cause into his hands . For the Lord maintaineth good tongues and hearts , but hee will cut out the tongues of them that speake lyes . He will cause the righteousnesse of the righteous to shine as the noone day , and as the Sunne after a cloude : but the wicked shall be couered with their owne confusion as with a cloake . This shall the godly see and reioyce therein , but the mouthes of the wicked shall be stopped . Thus we haue runne through the things wherby a good name may be gotten , and not onely that , but also whereby a man may be preserued in a good name and credit : and therefore surely the more to be obserued and regarded of vs. For first of all , wee see what force the good continuance of the Churches beyond the Seas hath to perswade men to embrace the truth , and how soone some men will be moued to continue stedfast , when they see the stedfast constancie of good men in all kinde of godlinesse Againe , we knowe what great offences are giuen to the weake , when whole Churches , or some particular persons of some good place and credit , doe not stand in that credit , nor maintaine by goodnes their good name , which they had gotten by great vertues ? The very Heathen did see this , and therefore they saide that it was as great a praise to keepe praise , as to get it : yea , and when they saw what great inconueniences would arise when men did not satisfie the expectation of the people , they thought it much better neuer to haue any good report amongst men , than to lose it after it had been gotten . Therefore to shut vp this whole matter in one word , if any man , if any household , if any towne , if any countrey , bee carefull to haue an honest report amongst men , then must they eschue euill & doe good , then must they seeke peace and pursue it : and if once hauing gotten a good name , they would gladly keepe it , then they must vse the same meanes , so shall we haue it both of God and man. Now because men doe suffer very much discredit , and are very ill reported of amongst men , it shall be good to consider what profit and vse we may make of such reproches and euill reportes . And this shall wee doe the better , if wee knowe vpon what grounds those reproches doe arise . First therefore we must learne , that men may bee euill reported of , either for euill , or for well doing . When men therefore are ill spoken of , they must first trie whether it be for euill or for good : and if it bee for euill , then must they goe a degree further , to finde whether it bee for some euill worke which they haue committed , or for some occasion which they haue giuen . When a man is euill reported of for some euill dee●e which he hath done , that euill deede of his is either manifestly knowne , or else it is veknowne . And surely it is a thing most common amongst men to suffer discredit for open and grosse sinnes , yet very few doe rightly profite by it : for some are shamelesse and care not what men say of them , and therfore indeed they are vnfit to receiue any profit by such reproches . Therefore after the most sharpe & seuere censure of the Church , they must becon mitted to the hand of the Magistrate , to be punished in the purse and in the body . And yet surely such are their whorish faces , that there is small hope of their amendement : for it doth often come to passe , that they which will not profit by the Church , cannot receiue profit by the Magistrate . Therefore after all this they must be left vnto the Lord , to worke , if it be his will , by some extraordinarie meanes vpon their hearts which are exceedingly hardened . Othersome there be : who being put to open shame , are sorrowfull indeede : but this is because they haue sustained open shame , rather than because they haue sinned against the Lord. These are in some degree better than the former , & yet they goe not so farre as they ought to do : for the deuill hauing bewitched them , doth perswade them it is no such matter as men would make them belee ●e it is , and that as a wonder lasteth but nine dayes , so this shall be of no long continuance . Thus they are letted , so that the shame cannot enter into their hearts , there to worke godly sorrow which may bring forth vnfained repentance . This is daily seene in whores and theeues , and such like male factors , who although they make large promises of amendment , yet the punishment being passed , they fall into the like filthines againe . Some thinke that they doe dissemble and deale deceitfully : but I thinke that they thinke as they speake , and speake with sorrow and griefe . For will a theefe purpose to steale againe when he is readie to be hanged ? Will a childe purpose to play the wanton when he is a beating ? No doubtles , but in the one there is a childishnes to speake without aduise ; in the other is a seruilnes to be moued with nothing but present feare . I graunt indeede there is hypocrisie in them , yet the grosse hypocrisie whereby men labour to deceiue others , is not in them ; but the close & most dangerous hypocrisie whereby the diuell hath beguiled their owne hearts through his subtiltie . This witcherie of the diuell ( I say ) is the cause why many promising amendement , doe not performe the same . Thus we see how men doe misse of that profit which ought to be reaped of open shame : we therfore are to take a better course , and to labour , that as our faces doe blu●h before men , so our soules may be confounded before the Lord , that being throughly humbled vnder his hand by godly sorrow , it may please him in mercie to raise vs vp . Now if we doubt in this case whether our sorrow be sound or no , let vs trie it by these two rules . First , whether wee can with contented mindes take the punishment as a correction from the Lord , and yet mourne and be grieued for the sinne : but in such a manner as giuing place to Gods iustice in punishing , we labour for mercy in the forgiuenes of sinnes . Secondly , whether when we could keepe the sinne close , we can yet with Dauid freely confesse and say , Against thee O Lord haue I sinned ? This if wee can doe , it is a sure argument that our sorrow is godly , and that we haue well profited by that reproch which our sin did bring vpon vs. As the sinne is sometime so euident that it cannot be couered , so indeede the sinne may be committed , and yet either not knowne nor suspected at all , or else by probable susp●tions . When the sinne is in this case , the Lord may cause a man that hath so sinned , to bee accused or euill spoken of for that sinne . Here the partie offending must first learne to deale wisely and in such manner , as the sinne may be kept close still , if it may be done without another sinne : But if an oth of the Lord be required , then ought we to giue God the glorie , though it bee with our own shame , and confesse the fault . Secondly , for the profits which may be made by such reports , wee must learne with thankefull hearts to receiue this mercifull chastisement of the Lord , and acknowledge it to his praise : for hee might haue punished vs for those sinnes which were manifest , yet he hath passed ouer them : he might haue made these knowne , but he spared our name and our credit . Therefore for a second fruite this mercie of the Lord must leade vs to repentance , and to an earnest sorrow for all our sinnes : for it were too too grosse that wee should continue in sinne , because we cannot bee conuicted of sinne : for if the Lord did not mislike thy sinne , why should hee raise such a report of thee ? Why should he saue thy good name , if he were not minded to shew thee mercie ? And if hee would not haue thee with all thy heart to repent thee of thy sinne , why doth hee whip thy naked conscience for sinne ? Therefore if by this louing kindnesse wee bee not led vnto repentance , verily it will be a sinne that shall not escape vnpunished . Thus we haue heard how an euill name doth arise of sinne committed , and what profit must bee taken hereof . Now let vs further consider how a man must profit by an euill name , not when he ha● by some sinne deserued it , but when he hath only failed in this , that he hath giuen occasion to be suspected of euill . This occasion is of two sorts . First , when good duties are either altogether omitted , or done with a grudging minde , or else as it were of constraint . This report must teach thee , that although thou be not so euil as men would make thee , yet thou art not so good as thou shouldest be . Therefore by this thou must learne , as to bee more carefull of doing good , so to doe it with greater and better courage : for the Lord Ioueth a cheerefull giuer . The second occasion is inward , which although no man can finde out , yet the Lord for thy good doth cause men to speake euill of thee for it . This inward occasion is , when thy heart hath either giuen some full consent to doe euill , or at the least hath much wandred in thinking of it . Here the Lord doth take thee betime ; and suffereth men to report of thee that thou hast done that , which indeed thou hast not done , yet in thy heart thou hast taken pleasure in it . Then the way to profit by this , is to confesse the goodnesse of the Lord , who will not haue thee to fall into such sinne , as might deserue discredit . For such is the nature of man , that if any euill thought doe long tarie in the minde , it will hardly be restrained before it come to the outward act . Againe , by this report raised on vs , we must take occasion to call backe our selues , if we haue consented to euill , and with griefe to be sorrowfull for it : or if we haue not as yet consented , we must labour to represse the heate of our affections , and quench them by the moysture of the word . And thus much shall be sufficient for those reports which arise of some iust ground and occasion . The last poynt to be hādled in this whole case , is to see what vse must be made of those reports which be altogether false , and haue neither ground nor good begining . For it may come to passe , when a man hath auoyded euill , and done good ; when he hath shunned the occasion of euill , and done all good with a cheerefull heart , yet he may be very ill reported of , and his good name hindered . Now if this doth befall any man , hee must know that it is the Lords doing ▪ and that the Lord doth it either to correct sinne , or else to preuent it . The Lord ( I say ) doth by this meanes correct sinne sometimes , either in the same kinde , or in some other . In the same kinde he dealeth thus , hee suffereth thee to be counted an adulterer , yet thou dost now liue chastly , and hatest filthie sinne : but then he seeth that thou hast either been an adulterer , and hast not repented at all : or if thou hast suddenly repented , yet now thou beginnest to faile , & to coole in the hatred of that sinne . Againe , if after examination thou finde thy selfe cleere in that sinne , yet knowe that the Lord by that report doth correct some sinne quite contrarie vnto it : as if thou shouldest be accused because thou louest not thy wife , whereas indeed thou louest her too well : or otherwise he causeth thee to be counted an adulterer , that thereby thou maist be brought to see thy couetous heart . And to say all in one word , we shall neuer make true vse of reports , vntill we haue been brought to see & repent of some particular sinne , which either we saw not before , or else had not throughly repented of . Furthermore , it may come to passe , that we hauing done all good duties , auoyded all euill , & examined our repentance euen for particular sinnes , yet shall we be euill spoken of amongst men . Here we must know that the Lord by reports doth forewarne vs of euill to come . We are reported of to be of the Familie of loue : hereby we are forewarned to take heede that wee fall not into that sinne , and so forth of other reports . When any such reports are carried about of vs , we must be made so much the more warie that we fall not into that sinne . And according to the Apostles rule , we must labour to finish the course of our saluation in feare : which that we may doe , the Lord graunt for his Christs sake , to whom be praise for euer in the Church , Amen . FINIS . OF HVMILITIE . THE FIFTH SERMON . Prouerbs 18. 12. Before destruction the heart of man is hautie : and before glorie goeth lowlinesse . THis Scripture agreeth well with that of our Sauiour Christ , Whosoeuer exalt●th himselfe shall be brought low , and he that humbleth himselfe shall be exalted , as also with the testimonie o● the Apostles of Christ : God resisteth the proude ▪ but giueth grace to the humble . Examples further to proue this are plētifull in the word , whether we looke to the godly or to the wicked . And first we shall see how a hauty minde goeth before destruction , by Adam & Eue our first parents , who for that they could not content themselues of all creatures of the earth to be most excellent : but through an hautie aspiring minde desired to be like God the Creator in heauen , were cast down into a miserable estate , and did suffer both in themselues & their posteritie the shame of so horrible sin . When the mighty men of the earth willing to haue gotten the glory of all ages to come , by some noble enterprise , had in the pride of their hearts purposed to erect a tower to heauen , & so to haue been accounted fathers of great renowne : The Lord meeteth with them , & where they looked for most glory , there he recompenceth so arrogant attēpts with most cōfusion . At what time proud Pharaoh thirsted most for the destruction of the Israelites , ( promising vnto himselfe the triumph of so great an ouerthrow ) behold contrarie to his hope , the triumph most gloriously was returned to Gods people : but the terror and shame was rewarded to Pharaoh and all his company . That hauty minded H●man accounting of nothing surer than the executing of Mordec●i and the death of the Iews , through the iust iudgemēt of God was hanged shamefully vpon the same gallowes which he had prouided for another . Again , Nebuchadnezzar aduaūcing himselfe as a Monarch and peerlesse prince in his glorious palace , not long after had the heart of a beast giuen him , & for a time had his portion among the beasts of the field ▪ If we peruse the histories both of the Kings of Israel & the Princes of Iuda , we shall see how Am●ziah refusing to heare the Prophets , prospered not : but continuing in that contempt , & suffering himselfe to be puft vp in his owne pride , was brought to the gate of destruction . As also how Acha● growing in some disdaine after his victorious conquest , and nothing fearing the time that was to come , euē in his deepest policie receiued the foulest foyle . To shut vp this matter , we know that when Herod seemed to haue wonne the garland , and by a solemne oration to haue caried away the praise of God , and not of man ; because he challenged the whole glory to himselfe , & robbed God of his honour , was most shamefully dishonoured , and fearefully deuoured with l●ce consuming his bowels . Ne●ther are we ●o obserue this in the wicked alone , who when they looked for greatest glorie , had the greatest shame , but in the godly also , as Abraham , Asa , Hezekiah Dauid , who when they were most humbled , were most exalted , and when they thought themselues to be most ex●lted , were most humbled . Asa notwithstanding he had some season continued constant in the reformation of religion , falling at the length to reprehend the Prophet , & declining from his former humilitie , fell into sicknes , & in his sicknes trusting to the help of man more than to the Lord , receiued the sentence of death : and to saue his soule by cutting off his daies ▪ it pleased God to visite him in the flesh . Hezekiah obtaining his health , and hauing receiued a glorious deliuerance from the host of Z●nacharib , in that he rendered not the glory due to the Lord , receiued not long after heauie tidings , how both he and his linage should descend captiues into Babel . Iosiah that holy paterne of godly princes , not asking coūsell at the mouth of the Lord when he should enter battell , was mercifully punished in this life , that he might escape the fearfull punishment of the wi●ked in the life to come . Dauid thinking in his prosperitie to be builded vpon an vnremouable rocke , and to be as a walled citie , suspecting nothing and being out of the watch , he fell into a grieuous sin , whereby the latter part of his life was more reprochful than glorious . The Apostle Peter after he was exalted to the dignitie of a faithfull pastor , and for the notable profession of his faith , was pronounced blessed by the Lord Iesus Christ ; beginning to leaue too much to his carnall reason and his strength , was called Satan , and not knowing what corruption was in his hart , when he most magnified his constant loue to the Lord Iesus , he fell to denie him thrice , and the last time to curse himselfe if he were the man. But to leaue ancient and former examples , and to turne the edge to our selues , wofull experience , by diligent obseruation of their owne hearts , hath taught many , that after some sweet & plentifull measure of Gods mercy receiued , they haue waxed lesse careful & iealous ouer their owne ●ffections , & so for a time haue bin left of the Lord : whereby though not some fearefull destruction , yet some grieuous fall hath ensued vpon thē . It is good therfore for vs to k●epe a carefull wa●ch ouer our selues , and to see whether after we haue been refreshed with some speciall graces of God , in preaching , praying and admonishing , we haue not beene lesse carefull , and so the neerer to some fall , and vnfitter to receiue some new benefit , vntill the Lord by humbling of vs hath prepared vs with some new desire . And hereupon commeth it to pass● , that when we haue been some long time bathed , & as it were enbalmed , with some inward feelings and outward fruits of the holy ▪ Ghost , we haue beene corrected for that selfe loue , and ●uffeted with some priuie pride dwelling in the flesh , by some grieuous deadnes and dulnes of the spirit , humbling vs vnder the hands of God , as it did the Apostle Paul. Now as we haue by these examples of others , and experience in our selues proued , that an hautie minde goeth before destruction : so on the contrarie we will proue , ( vsing none other order but that before set downe ) that before honour goeth lowlinesse . Saul before he was exalted and aduaunced to the scepter , hid himselfe in great humilitie , as one that thought himselfe vnworthie so great a dignitie , and so afterward was exalted . Ahab though a most wicked man , humbling himselfe at Elias rebuke , was not punished in his owne person , but in his posteritie . Rehoboam being humbled with his people , was exempted from that plague , which otherwise was like to haue fallen vpon him . But this we may behold more liuely in the godly , whether we respect those reuelations and apparitiōs of Angels , which in former times happened to the fathers being humbled : or whether we consider other graces of God in like estate bestowed vpon them , Abraham was humbled , Isaac was humbled , Iacob was humbled ; then came the promise , then appeared Angels , then receiued they visions . Ioseph though he had good graces of God , yet least the violence of vnbridled youth should carrie him away , he was humbled , the iron pearced his soule , his feete were in the stockes , his place was among the imprisoned : yet after some time of triall he was exalted , not meanly , but very highly . Moses albeit he had some instinct of the Lord that he should be the gouernour of the Lords people , besides his fortie yeeres in the court , had fortie yeeres trauaile in the desert , and afterward was aduanced . After that Dauid had receiued many pledges of Gods fauour towards him , as being annoynted king , and in that he obtained great victories in ouermatching the Beare and the lyon , in ouer throwing the furious Philistine , after he had cured the raging spirit of a mad man by his sweet musicke : yet as one not sufficiently prepared for the worke of the Lord , he was preferred by humilitie . If we consider of all the Kings of Iuda and Ierusalem , as of Ezekiah , Iosiah , Asa , and others , we shall see how Ezekiah wept sore , confessed his sinnes , & was much humbled , before the health of his body was restored vnto him . Iosiah before the Lord did vse him in the reformatiō of his Church , had his hart broken . Yea , before the Apostles receiued th●t great gift , the sending downe of the holy Ghost vpon them , they were humbled with the Iewes , they were shaken with a great winde , and after so solemne a preparation , they were endued with sweete graces of the spirit . And throughout the whole volume of the booke of God it is manifest , that when the Lord would appeare by visions or Angels to his holy people , he humbled flesh and blood before , as we see in I●cob , Ezechiel , Zacharie , Elizabeth , and Marie the blessed virgin . Now to come to the reasons why the Lord in wisedome vseth to deale with his on this manner : we must know that therfore the Lord refuseth the seruice of the proud , because then we are vnfit to glorifie his name , we are vnprofitable to do good vnto our brethren , we are vnprepared by pride to receiue any mercie at the hands of God. And no m●rueile , for how should wee looke that God should put honour vpon vs in vsing vs & our seruice , when we refuse to giue the glorie of his owne graces to him againe ? And why should not he dishonour vs with the want of his graces , when we so dishonour him with abusing his graces ? Againe , seeing vsually such is our weldoing to others , as is our affection and compassion to them that neede our helpe , and the pride of our owne abundance benummeth vs , and maketh vs senselesse in the wants of others ; how can wee finde our hearts aright to any good dutie to our brethrens necessitie , when for want of humilitie and tender affection we haue no regard of their wants , nor feeling of their miserie ? Besides , if when we are puft vp with a perswasion of perfection , and rest in the securitie of our present safetie , we are entangled and fettered , that we cannot humble our selues in prayer before the Lord ; how shall we thinke our selues to be capable of any blessing from the Lord , whose due time of helping is in the day of want , and who refuseth to giue to none but to such as in the pride of their hearts refuse to doe so much as to pray vnto him ? On the contra●ie part , when the Lord shall see vs good and faithfull seruants , in returning the gaine and aduantage of all his gifts vnto himselfe , and that we are content with his honour , that ●e are his stewards ; when the sense of our owne miserie hath taught vs to shew mercie vnto others , & the conscience of our owne vnworthines hath emptied vs of all opinion of our selues , and hath driuen vs in our beggerlike necessities to craue for euery little supplie of wants at the throne of mercie ; then is God most neere at hand to put vs in credit with his graces , then are we most prepared to minister to the wants of others , and then are w● fit to be filled with the hid treasures of the Lord for our comfort . And hereupon it commeth to passe , that many hauing had a large measure of Gods graces , through pride haue suffered them to rot and consume away . Hereof it commeth , that many haue laboured much , spoken abundantly , and trauailed in great eloquence , and yet haue neither gained glorie to God , nor affoorded fruit to the hearers . Hereupon it is , that some that haue been as full as the vessell that hath no vent , haue become as barren as the flint-stone is of water , because they haue sought glorie but not by humilitie ; they haue shunned destruction , but not left their pride . Contrariwise , we shall obserue how many speaking in the singlenes of their heart and humilitie of their spirit , haue wonne many soules to the rich inlarging of Gods honour and kingdome . Many vsing few words , with a pitifull and sellow feeling affection , haue comforted afflicted consciences , instructed ignorant soules , throwne downe proud spirits , confounded hautie hearts , & profited abundantly them with whom they were to deale . Many being lowly in their owne eyes , haue not so much gloried in , no● receiued glorie for their great gifts which God hath bestowed vpon them , as they were comforted in their owne consciences , with a rich testimonie of the sanctifying spirit , who wrought in them some carefull vsage of the gifts receiued , to his glorie that gaue them . The Lord refuseth the seruice of wicked men , he will not vse a proud spirit in his worke : and therefore if we shall see that God doth not blesse our labours , let vs suspect our selues to lie in some sinne , let vs feare our owne hearts that they be not humbled before the Lord. And here it is good that we should be forewarned what lowlinesse it is the Lord requireth of vs , least wee deceiue our owne soules in a false and phantasticall humilitie ▪ Wherefore as all men will grant humilitie to be voide of murmuring and grudging : so we affirme , that that is not a minde rightly humbled vnder the hand of God , which is still perplexed and affrighted with immoderate feare of the daunger of some euill to come . For as we condemne that hellish securitie which is voide of all feare : so wee mislike that abiect minde which is oppressed with too much feare , stil breathing out of such trembling voyces : Oh what shall become of mee ▪ I am afraide that some euill will befall mee , I shall neuer be able to beare it , I had rather dye then feele it . Whē we thus distrusting the Lord , begin to teach him what he shall giue to vs , or what he shall take from vs , we are in the hie way to meete with the euill wee feared , and nothing in the world will sooner bring the danger vpon vs. We therefore commend and affirme that to be true humilitie , which as it repineth not grudgingly against the Lord , so it shrinketh not too distrustfully before the Lord : but as on the one side wee are readie to be thankefull , if it bee the good will of the Lord to deliuer vs ; so on the other side wee are willing to laie our head to the blocke , and offer our bodie to the striker , if the Lord in wisedome should make triall of vs. This will teach vs to possesse our soules in meekenesse and patience ; this will strengthen vs to say boldly , Lord if thou send this deliuerance , thy name be praised ; if thou shalt further trie me Lord , thy holy will be blessed ▪ Lord here I am , spare mee if thou wilt , trie me if thou pleasest . This humilitie was in Abraham , Isaac , Moses , Dauid , Daniel , Azariah , Sidrach , Abedn●go , and others of the Saints and seruants of God. Abraham when hee was most readie to offer vp his sonne , euen then the Lord gaue him his sonne againe . Dauid when he was prepared to surrender both life and liuing to the Lord , obtained both life and kingdome for longer time . At what time Ezekiah had resigned himselfe to dye at the will of the Lord , the Lord gaue him his health againe , and made him as it were a lease of his life for fifteene yeeres to come . And surely there is no readier way to obtaine life , than to offer our selues vnto death : no better meane to auoide sicknes , pouertie , reproach , or banishment , than to haue our wils wholy resigned to Gods will , as willing to beare the crosse as to be freed from it . For as the more we striue against the will of God , the lesse we preuaile : so the sooner wee yeelde , wee shall the sooner bee deliuered . And yet I meane not that yeelding which the Lord by his threatnings or iudgements , as by strong hand getteth of vs , which is no voluntarie submission , but a violent subiection , and constraineth vs rather than allureth vs to obey the will of the Lord : but I meane that willing humbling of our selues before the face of God , which commeth from an hart bleeding at the conscience of his owne vnworthinesse , and bruised with the sense of the Lords vndeserued goodnesse : and that more kindly , than if it were threatned with al the iudgements of the wicked , and were braied and broken with all the plagues of hell . The other extremitie which agreeth not with true humilitie , is blockish senselesnesse , and that dead and diuelish apoplexie of the minde , which runneth without all foresight , as neither caring for good nor bad , sweete nor sowre , heauen nor hell . They that labour of this disease , thinke it an high point of humilitie to say , I am at a point , let God doe what he will , I care not , if he saue me , so it is , if I be damned , what remedie ? let men iniurie me as they will , come what come will , I passe not . And these kind of men as past all feeling , and now more brutish and blockish than any bruite beast , in their life , neither tremble at Gods iudgements , nor reioyce in his promises ; in death they feare not hell , they desire not heauen , they are not grieued if they be damned , they are not comforted to heare they shal be saued , they confesse not their sinnes , they professe not their faith , they shew not their hope , they liue like stockes , and die like blockes . And yet the ignorant people will still commend such fearefull deaths , saying , he departed as meekely as a lambe , hee went away as a bird in a shell , when they might as well say , ( but for their fetherbed and their pillow ) hee died like a beast , and perished like an oxe in a ditch . But to come to the vse and fruit which we may gather out of this doctrine . First let vs consider that if we be come to haue such a brawned and thicke skinne ouer our consciences , as neither by publike preaching , nor priuate reading , as neither by the Law , nor by the Gospell , as neither with threatnings nor promises , as neither by praying nor meditating , wee can finde neither matter of comfort , nor humbling ; wee are so farre from humilitie , that we are as men rather dead than humbled , and our case is most fearefull . For in this Stoicall apathie and want of feeling , wee feare nothing ; fearing nothing , wee are easie to be deceiued ; being easie to be deceiued , wee may soone be hardned , and so by securitie being depriued of all heedfulnes , we are snared of the tempter ere we can be aware . It remaineth to speake somewhat of these obseruations , which may fitly be drawne out of the generall speeches of the holy Ghost , either to our comfort or humbling . Let this ●e our first lesson thē , not too greedily to desire prosperitie , nor being in some good case eyther of bodie or minde , to be too quiet in our selues , as resting securely in the good thing possessed : but rather let vs learne in most ease , to watch most ouer our owne hearts , in the greatest testimonie of Gods grace and fauour towards vs , to bee most humbled in our selues , to be most iealous & suspitious ouer our selues , least our hearts being by some priuie pride stollen away , wee giue not God that glorie which is due vnto him , whilest vnthankfulnesse breedeth securitie , securitie bringeth priuie pride , and priuie pride prepareth vs for destruction . True it is , that prosperitie in it selfe is the good gift of God , and neuer hurteth but when our owne sinne in immoderate desiring it , or our corruption in vaingloriously possessing it , doe abuse it to our hurt , and so turne it to our harme . And surely besides that , in long prosperitie we contract and gather much drosse of securitie , we shall find that the long want of aduersitie , meeting with securitie , will flatter vs and blindfold vs with a perswasion of impunitie , and so infatuate vs , that we shall thinke how that because we haue long escaped , we shall neuer be punished . But seeing wee learne to iudge no otherwise of sinne , but by the punishment of it , wee must marke this straine , that God doth no more punish presently euerie sinne , than hee doth reward presently euerie good deede : and by how much his long suffering striueth the more with vs , and his mercie tarieth the longer for our repentance ; by so much when they fall , his iudgements are more fearefull and sudden , comming as the lightning out of the clowds . And so farre off it is that our long prosperitie should either shadow vs from the plaguing hand that we should not be espied , or shelter vs that wee should be spared ; that rather as high Oakes amongst low shrubs , we lie more open to be seene , and the more readie to be striken when the Lord shal send forth his thunder-bolts . Hereupon it commeth , that so many are either stricken suddenly dead in the streetes or in their houses , or else haue their hearts hardened on their death-bed . And here let all men beware in time of that secret and dangerous corruption of nature , that a man should be touched with the word , and his owne conscience tell him , that the power of God in his will reuealed by Gods minister , hath surely stricken him : and yet ( such is our pride ) closely will not onely at that time hide all tokens of repentance , and burie all remorse of conscience ; but also vnder hope of hauing sorrow for sinne at a becke , and when he lust , he will referre it forsooth , because hee will not be thought by his present repentance , that the word came so neere him ; hee is loath to giue the minister of God that honour that he should wound him ; hee is ashamed to shame himselfe , as guiltie of such a sin ▪ Who so thus deferreth in the haughtines of his heart ( seeing repētance is not at our call ) let him feare that his heart shall bee hardened for the contempt of the louing patience of the Lord , which day by day leadeth vs to repentance . In this first straine let vs further learne especially to beware of pleasing our selues too much in weldoing , because as all other sinnes are occupied in vile and wicked matters , this creepeth euen into the best and most excellent things . So that experience shall teach many corruptions , that the better they haue been occupied , the more subiect men are to fall into it . Whereby there groweth not onely an hautines of minde in rich men , men of authoritie , and such as excell others in outward things : but more perilously there springeth vp a spirituall pride in the excellencie of wit , wisedome , knowledge , vtterance , gracious speeches : and euen herein are we often proud , In that wee see our pride more than others can doe . And many of the dearest children of God often finde , that when God hath most assisted them with the spirit of praier , exhortation , admonition , interpretation , or such like , which be all gifts of the sanctifying spirit , the more they haue been puft vp with this pride , either in the present action , or afterward . Which thing no doubt proceedeth from hence , that men please themselues too much in the thing done , and doe not returne the whole glorie to God. This is noted to vs as it were by examples in the word of God : Noah , whom an holy feare of himselfe preserued from the corruptions of the old world ; by want of feare , and because of vnthankfulnesse for his deliuerance , was ouertaken of drunkennes after the stood . Lot , who suspecting himselfe being among the Sodomites , was preserued from sinne euen in the sinke of sinne ? afterward waxing remisse in this godly iealousie , fell grieuously into incell , euen there where he desired to goe for his safetie . Dauid , so long as he was exercised and kept vnder the hand of God with fighting the Lords battailes , preuailed against many and mightie sinnes : but when hee receiued some breathing time of the Lord from his former troubles , he was quickly ouer come of a woman , that could not be ouermatched of many men . Especially then ( that I omit the examples of Hezekiah , Peter and Paul , of whom I spake before ) let vs looke to our hearts , after wee haue receiued the best gifts , and let vs consider the great wisedome of God prouiding for our infirmitie , in that prayer of our Sauiour Christ , where immediatly after that we haue prayed to haue our sinnes forgiuen , wee craue , not to be lead into temptation . Which would seeme strange to a man , that there should be a commixtion of two such requests , were it not that through corruption wee were then most readie to be tempted , when wee haue tasted of the greatest mercie . And surely as this was the first sinne whereby Satan fastened vpon Adam : so it is the last sinne which the most godlie ●ail by . For when all sinnes are as it were wounded , and all graces begin to abound ? euen out of the ashes of those sinnes ariseth this monstrous sinne of vaine-glorie . And when Satan can finde courteous entertainment , now hee will not doubt to preuaile by egging vs to this one sinne , that is , to be proude for ouercomming so many sinnes , and excelling in so many graces . Surely if the diuell mistrusted not this weapon of proofe , euen in paradise , and that vpon man , being in his innocencie ; wee must thinke that he hopeth as well now to get the victorie in this wicked world vpon man so sinfull , who now is as tender and as apt to receiue the least sparke of vain-glorie , as the enemie is both strong and subtill to strike it on vs. Yet further obserue , that when our Lord Iesus Christ was most full of Gods spirit , he was then led to be tempted in the wildernesse ; when he was most furnished , he was most tried . On like manner , when wee haue receiued some great gifts , wee must looke both that the Lord for his part will take some triall of them , and that Satan also watching for the richest pray , and gaping for a man when he hopes to haue the best spoyle , will for his part there vse the most force and cunning , where he findeth the rarest and most notable seruants of God : partly because he most enuieth them , and partly for that by pride he thinketh soonest to inueigle them . Wherefore if Gods children shall truly examine their owne hearts in this sinne , they shall haue some testimonie and triall in themselues , whether they bee thankfull for Gods mercies in truth or no , if hauing receiued much they feare much : and by how much the more they increase in gifts , by so much they grow the more iealous ouer their thoughts , wordes and deedes , and sit as it were in the watch-tower of their hearts , viewing to espie euen their least declinings . Which thing if we could doe in trueth , hee should not so haue the graces of God and feeling of the spirit by fits , but both in greater measure and longer continuance : the want of which heede taking to our selues , constraineth the Lord to punish vs ( as I sayd ) with dulnes and deadnes of spirit , thereby to preserue vs from viler sinnes , which otherwise our pride and securitie would carrie vs headlong into . And were it so that in reuerence and feare wee could attend more on the Lord , we should not haue his good spirit so rare a guest vnto vs , & wee should finde the increase and returne of greater consolations than we haue . Why doe men then so much marueile at the dulnes of minde comming on them after some rare feelings of the spirit , and when they haue tasted ioyes glorious and vnspeakable , and thinke that now all the fruites of Gods grace are as cleane gone away in them , as if they neuer had tasted of the power of regeneration , seeing vnthankfulnes is so ordinary and vsuall a sinne with vs ? But admit we haue some good witnesse of conscience , and our heart telleth vs that we haue been thankfull , then must we thinke that the Lord doth trie vs , and will bring vs to acknowledge that the thing we had , was his onely gift to giue and take away at his pleasure , and that it came not from our selues as a thing to command at our becke . Howbeit vsually and for the most part our vnthankfulnes is the cause of this dulnes . Now , albeit this kind of buffeting be grieuous vnto vs , yet wee must not desire vtterly to be freed from it , because by it our pride is cured . For if that chosen vessell and seruant of the Lord , Paul , so abounding in graces of the spirit , so frequent in fasting , so often in prayer , watchings and temptations , could not preuaile against this sinne : seeing by all these former waies hee could not subdue this corruption in the flesh , we must not dreame and delude our selues , that wee vsing nothing so many helpes of mortification , should vtterly be rid from the same . When the Lord then shall exercise vs with this pricke in the flesh , although it is the messenger of Satan to buffet vs : yet we must take hold on this to our comfort , that the Lord disposeth and moderateth it : and though wee be often and long assaulted with it , yet still wee must mislike it , we must still be grieued for it , and pray in Christ against it ; we must tremble and hee humbled in our selues , that wee should haue such strange and doubting thoughts of Gods wisedome , power , maiestie , and prouidence , &c. and yet in such manner and measure as knowing it to be Gods mercie , that by these meanes the Lord would keepe vs from more vile and enormous crimes . Further and besides this , the Lord giueth vs to see such monsters of the minde , to forewarne vs , and to make vs more afraid of falling into the outward action of sinne . Thus wee haue often temptations of vnbeleefe , to make vs to feare the falling from the faith ; we haue priuie discourses of Poperie , to shew what a dangerous thing it were to be giuen ouer vnto Poperie ; wee haue often vile thoughts of adulterie , murder and theft , to driue vs more earnestly to pray that we neuer fall into th●●e sinnes in action . And for this cause they that will not make some holesome instruction of their inward temptations , nor suspect their falling into the action of sinne by the affection of sin , often fall for their pride suddenly into adulteries , murthers , thefts , heresies , poperie , and such like . Thus the Lord cōmeth by the messenger of Satan , the pricke of the flesh , to try vs , whether wee will sticke to the word preached , or to such suggestions ministred , to tri , our faith , to confirme vs in the fauour of God , when wee shall obtaine the fauour of God , who often assisteth his children being humbled , euen in most dangerous assaults , and leaueth them being puft vp in the least temptations , so as they fall , that thereby they may know what helpe is of God and not of man. And howsoeuer flesh and blood counteth this but a paradoxe , yet sure it is , that our case is worse when the Lord ceaseth by such meanes to ●●ft & fanne vs , than when he holdeth vs from some profitable temptation for our exercise . For we shall see many , who desiring rather to ●e freed from the crosse , than to reape the fruite of it ▪ although for the time , wherein they endured their temptations at the first they were cleere and innocent : yet afterward haue fallen most grieuously , because they would not profit by those temptations which the Lord sent , either to punish some sinne past , not throughly repented of , or to correct some sinne present not espied , or to forewarne vs of sinne to come not suspected of vs ●ome haue been tempted to heresie , some to pride , some to worldlines , who disdainfully looking at such thoughts , as matters of no importance , though they were before vnattainted of these euils , yet now haue come to be heretikes , proude persons , & worldlings . This ought to teach vs then most to suspect our selues , when wee thinke our estate safest : And blessed is the m●n that f●●reth al●●●es . This numbnes of the soule , striueth and striketh deeply euen against the ordinance of God for our saluation : ( I meane the word , the Sacraments and praier ) so that oftentimes our case standeth thus , we thus say i●● our selues ; If I heare the word , so it is , I feele no great want of it ; in receiuing the Sacraments I haue no pleasure ; in not receiuing them I haue no griefe . If the exercises of religion priuate and publike bee vsed , there is no● much good done ; if they bee omitted , there is no great hurt done ; if I haue spare time I can goe vnto them , if I haue neuer so little businesse I can keepe me away from them & be glad of such excuse . Surely this estate bewraieth a proud heart , blessing it selfe with a fulnes and cloyedenes of the meanes , and either sheweth vs to lie in some sinne presently , or that we are like to fall into some sinne hereafter and that shortly . Howbeit being absent , i● hauing these or like affections wee can mourne , beate our owne hearts , and iudge our selues , enquiring of the things spoken at their hands , that haue been at the congregation ; if being absent in bodie with an humble sight of our want ; wee are as present in spirit ; if euen in time of exercises we bestow the time in prayer , in reading , or in meditation , the Lord will shield vs from sinne , and the shame of sinne . Againe , if wee shall finde our selues subiect to peeuishnes , concupiscence , or couetousnesse , with lesse power to preuaile against them that wee haue had ; let vs feare least some pride hath gone before : If wee cannot recouer our selues out of these euils by prayer or mourning , let vs suspect our owne hearts , that some securitie in the meanes hath ouertaken vs , the Lord for a time hath left vs , the diuell hath foyled vs. It is a blessed thing to get the victory of our faults , before they be ioyned with the offences of the world , with the griefe of the godly , with the reproch of our aduersaries , with the trouble of our owne consciences , with the hazard of Gods glorie . And therefore if it be so the good will of God , let vs earnestly desire him that our trials and temptations may bee inward , that they may bee stayed and stenched when they beginne , that they breake not out abroade to the greater dishonour of the Lord , and our further discomfort : which surely they will doe , if by cherishing them , and not checking them , wee striue not for some safetie against them . Let vs humblie therefore long before , feare this reproch to come , and pray with the Prophet , Lorde keepe mee from the reproch which I feare : least otherwise the Lord seeing vs make no conscience in these cases , bee auenged of vs , who surely will dishonour them that sticke not to dishonour him . Cease then to gaze at the worke of God , and labour to gage the pride of your owne hearts in affection , which the Lorde is contrained to shame vs with , for the abuse of his graces , for the discredit of his word , the contempt of his glorie , and for the neglect of our owne saluation : which being before purposed , rather then it should bee vnaccomplished , wee shall haue shamefull Sergeants sent vnto vs ; as fire on our houses , warres to spoyle our goods , sicknes to weaken our bodies , and torment of minde to scourge our consciences , which will draw vs out by the eares from the heauie slumber of sinne , wherein wee snorted . And thus fitlie , though suddenly , we are slipt into the second point and obseruation of this doctrine , which is , that wee should not be too hie to enter into the gates of aduersitie , nor being entred , to behaue our selues vnpatiently , as though it would vndoe vs to sit in the house of mourning a while : rather wee must reioyce in it , and be thankfull for it , saying with the Prophet : It is good for mee ô Lord that thou hast afflicted me , &c. because the holy Ghost here telleth vs that lowlinesse goeth before honour , and in the schoole of humilitie , wee shall learne the way to true glorie and Nobilitie . Neither doe I here meane , that affliction in it selfe hath of it selfe such vertue , as to humble vs truly vnder the hand of God : but when the spirit of God worketh with it , that then it will breede in vs the fruites of righteousnesse , repentance , faith , and holinesse ; it will driue vs to seeke comfort in the world , to aske comfort by praier , to yeeld comfort by compassion on other mens euils . And therefore it is necessarie against the policie of Sathan , who would discourage the Saints of God in their profession , by dressing them with afflictions , to stay our selues in this testimonie of the holy Ghost , that before glorie goeth affliction , and after lowlinesse commeth honor , either in this life , or in the life to come , or in both . This must further teach vs to profit by the threatnings of God publikely preached , not to threaten them , or to murmure against them that lay the iudgemēts of God against vs in the law : this must cause vs to make much of them , that by sharpe censuring of vs , will soonest draw vs out of sinne . This must worke in vs a desire to reape some fruite by priuate admonitions ; yea , and to call on others to admonish vs that we may still be kept in some good course of humilitie . Further and besides this , it is profitable for vs to frequent them that are sicke , ready to di● , perplexed in spirit , imprisoned in chaines , and oppressed with miserie , that in them we may see our selues , as in a mirrour : and so with Moses to chuse rather to suffer afflictions , then to enioy the pleasures of sinne for a time . This acquainting our selues with the iudgements of God , will both rubbe off securitie , and stirre vs vp to greater thankfulnes for our selues , and pitie towardes others . Wherefore , they are not in the way of humilitie to obtaine glorie , who are so tender sighted that they cannot abide to see the iudgements of God : they are too daintie eared , that cannot , or that will not heare the threatnings of the Lawe : saying , oh I cannot abide to heare one in desperation , I cannot away to heare such fearfull speeches , to heare the diuell speake in one ; I loue not to see one lie gasping and panting in death ; These things would depriue me of all mirth , breede melancholy , and stirre me vp to m●●●es . Nay , this delicatenes to flye from the Lord thus drawing neere vs , will hasten these things vpon vs , which we will not profit by in others . Such eyes to see , such eares to heare , such hearts to be humbled , it becommeth Gods people to haue , that as they loue nothing more than glorie , so they labour for nothing more than humilitie : as they shun nothing more than cōfusion , so they auoid nothing more than pride of heart . Which that we may doe , let vs cast down our selues before the throne of mercie , in the name and mediation of Iesus Christour Sauiour . O eternall God and our most louing father , behold vs in thine owne couenant , &c. FINIS . OF THE GOOD EDVCATION OF CHILDREN . THE SIXTH SERMON . Prouerbs 17. 21. Hee that begetteth a foole , getteth himselfe sorrowe , and the father of a foole can haue no ioy . THE holie Ghost speaking in the Scripture of foolish sonnes , ( as that he that be●etteth such a one , getteth himselfe sorrowe , and that the father of a foole hath no ioy ) meaneth it not so much of naturall idiots , and such as are destitute of common reason ( although it is true , that this is a lamentable iudgement of God , and a heauines to the parents of such a childe ) as of wicked children , such as are either ignorant in the word , not knowing how to order one right step to the kingdome of God : or else hauing some knowledge of God , vngodlily abuse it , to maintaine their carnall lust and appetite . For this cause as it would grieue parents to haue naturall fooles to their children , or such as either through some imperfection of nature are dismembred , or deformed , and misfigured in the parts of the bodie : so much more should it grieue them to haue such children , as either for want of knowledge and heauenly wisedome , cannot walke in the feare of God : or abusing the knowledge giuen them , prostitute themselues to all sinne and wickednesse . It is marueilous to see how greatly parents can bewaile the want of one naturall gift proceeding of some imperfection , and how easily they can passe ouer without any griefe , the want of all spirituall graoes , springing from corrupt education . In like manner , it is strange that men can take the matter so heauily , when their children breake into such offences , as either haue open shame , or ciuill punishment following them , and yet can make no bones , but post ouer such sinnes as are against the maiestie of God , accompanied with euerlasting confusion and vnspeakable torments : wherein what doe most part of men bewray , but their greathy pocrisie , in that neither their ioy nor their griefe is soūd to their children , and that they loue themselues more in their childrē , than either their saluation , or the glorie of God ? The tender loue & care whereof no doubt did encrease the sorrowe of Dauid for the death of his sonne Absolon , who was not so much grieued for the losse of a sonne , as for that vntimely end of his sonne . Let vs learne therefore to correct our affections to our children , and be grieued for our ignorance , impietie and sinnes : whereof either our carnall compassion , the not lamenting of our owne naturall corruption , the want of prayer for an holy seede , or prophane education armed with the wrath of God , may bee a most iust occasion . Can a man hope for a holy posteritie ? or doe wee maruaile if the Lord crosse vs in the children of our bodies , when wee make as bold and brutish an entrance into that holy ordinance of the Lord , as in the meeting of the neighing horse with his mate , when being ioyned in that honorable estate of matrimonie , either as meere naturall men without all knowledge of God wee beget our children : or as too carnall men without the feare and reuerence of the Lord , neither bewailing our corruption which we receiued of our forefathers , nor praying against our infirmities which may descend to our posteritie , we abuse the marriage bed . Lastly , whē hauing receiued the fruit of the wombe , we haue no care by vertuous education to offer it to the Lord , that our childe by carnall generation may be the childe of God by spirituall regeneration ? Surely no. And yet men without all looking vp to Gods prouidence and secret counsell , without all bethinking themselues of their corrupt nature , from which their children are descended , without all looking backe into their wicked and godlesse bringing them vp , will fret against their sinnes , and fume against their children : yea often they will correct them , and that to serue their owne corruptions , not so much grieued for that they haue sinned against God , as that they haue offended them . Christians therefore must knowe , that when men and women raging with boyling lusts meete together as bruit beasts , hauing none other respects than to satisfie their carnall concupiscene , and to strengthen themselues in worldly desires , when they make no conscience to sanctifie the mariage bed with prayer , when they haue no care to increase the Church of Christ and the number of the elect , it is the ●ust iudgement of God to send them monsters , vntimely births , or disfigured children , or naturall fooles : or else such as hauing good gifts of the minde , and well proportioned bodies , are most wicked , gracelesse , and prophane persons . Againe on the contrarie side , wee shall finde in the word of God noble and notable men commended vnto vs for rare examples of vertue and godlinesse , who were children asked and obtained of God by prayer . Our first parents Adam and Eue being humbled after the birth of their wicked sonne Kaine , obtained a righteous Abell , of whom , when by his bloodie brother they were ●ereft , they receiued that holy man Seth. Abraham begetting a childe in the fleshe , had a cursed Ismael : but waiting by faith for the accomplishment of Gods couenant , hee obtained a blessed Isaac . Iacob not content with one wife , according to the ordinance of God , was punished in his children : yet after being humbled , he receiued a faithfull Ioseph . Elkanah and Anna praying and being cast downe , had a Prophet that did minister before the Lord. Dauid and Bethsheba lamenting their sinnes , obtained Salomon a man of excellent wisedome . Zacharie and Elizabeth fearing the Lord , receiued Iohn the Baptist and forerunner of Christ. Looke what sinnes wee haue naturally , without Gods great blessing , without prayer and humbling of our selues , we shall conueigh them to posteritie : and although the Lord doe grant sometimes naturall * gifts vnto the children of carnall and naturall men , yet for the most part they receiue their naturall * sinnes withall . But if the children of God by regeneration do see into themselues , and lament their sinnes of generation , praying that their naturall corruptions may be preuented in their posterities , they shall see the great mercie of God in some measure freeing their posteritie from their sinnes . Now when thou shalt see such sinnes to be in thy children , enter into thine owne heart , examine thy selfe , whether they are not come from thee , consider how iustly the hand of God may bee vpon thee , and when thou wouldest bee angrie with thy childe , haue an holy anger with thy selfe , and vse this or such like meditatiō with thine owne soule : Lord , shall I thus punish mine owne sinne , and that in my child ? Shall I thus prosecute the corruptions of my auncesters ? Nay I see , O Lord , and proue that thou art displeased with me , for the too carnall desire of posteritie . I lay then in some sinne , I asked not this childe of thee by prayer ; be mercifull vnto me O God , and in thy good time shew some pitie vpon my child . Thus thinking when thou goest about to correct the corruptiō of nature in thy childe , which he could not helpe , arming thy selfe with prayer , repenting with Iacob , thou shalt be so affected , that as thou art desirous to draw thy childe out of sinne , so yet to doe it with the mildest meanes , and with least rigour . And one thing is most wonderfull , that some will teach their children to speake corruptly , and doe wickedly whilest they are young : and yet beate them for it when they are come to riper age . Againe , some will imbolden their children to practise iniquitie towards others , which when by the iust iudgement of God , they afterwards practise against their parents themselues , they are corrected for it . And yet deale with these and such like men , for the euil education of their children , and they will answere , doe not wee as much as is of vs required ? Wee send our children to the Church to be instructed of the pastor and to the schoole to be taught of the master ; if they learne , it will be the better for them ; if not , they haue the more to answere for another day , what can wee doe more ? But remember O man , consider O woman , whosoeuer thus speakest , that for thy sinnes sake , and thy want of prayer , there may be a plague vpon the pastors paines , and a curse vpon the teachers trauaile : If parents would haue their children blessed at Church and at schoole , let them beware they giue their children no corrupt examples at home , by any carelesnes , prophanenes , or vngodlines ; otherwise parents will doe them more harme at home , than both pastors and schoolemasters can doe them good abroade . For the corrupt example of the one , fighteth with the good instruction of the other , which is so much the more dangerous , because that corrupt walking is armed with nature , and therefore more forceably inclineth the affections of children to that side . And further , experience teacheth vs , that children like or mislike more by countenance , gesture and behauiour , than by any rule , doctrine , precept , or instruction whatsoeuer . Some there be also , that will not haue their children taught , vntill they bee ten or twelue yeeres olde : because ( as they say ) before that age , they haue but an apish imitation . To whom I answere , that although indeede they cannot then deeply discerne , nor profoundly conceiue things ; yet how many things before those yeeres both will they receiue and remember ? And I demand , if children being apish in imitating euill whilest they be yong , which they will haue the habit of when they be old , why may they not much more better doe apishly good when they are young , which they may doe carefully when they are old ? Besides , let them so goe vntaught , and they will grow so headstrong , that they will sooner be broken than bended . And sure it is , that one stripe or two wordes will doe more good to a child in the beginning , than an hundred stripes afterward . And here let parents bee admonished of their vndiscreete correction , who doe their children more harme in shewing a merrie countenance after their discipline vsed , than they doe good by their chastising , although in their anger they be corrected . Neither doe I purpose to take away naturall affections and a Christian kinde of compassion in all our censures : for it is my great complaint of the brutish vnmercifulnes of many parents herein ; but I would wish Christians to correct their vndiscreete affections herein by heauenly wisedome . Neither am I so Stoicall as to denie a more milde and affable kinde of speech , to bee both lawfully and conueniently vsed to children : but yet I wish it to be voide of all vnseemely leuitie , and without all shewe of foolish , vaine and vnnecessarie behauiour . To bee briefe , how needfull household gouernement is towards our children , it may appeare by the slender thriuing and smal profiting of religion and vertue , either in the Church or Common-wealth . For complaine men , and preach they neuer so much abroade , vnlesse they wil begin to reforme their owne houses , and giue religion a roome at home , especially in their owne hearts , they shal trauaile much , and profit little . And surely if men were careful to reforme themselues first , and then their own families , they should see Gods manifold blessings in our land vpon Church and Common-wealth . For of particular persons come families ; of families townes ; of townes prouinces ; of prouinces whole realmes : so that conueighing Gods holy trueth in this sort from one to another , in time , and that shortly , it would so spread into all parts of this kingdome . Well I say , let there be neuer so good lawes in cities , neuer so pure orders in Church , if there be no practise at home , if fathers of families vse not doctrine and discipline in their houses , and ioyne their hands to Magistrate and Minister , they may , but most vniustly ( as many haue done ) complaine that their children are corrupted abroade , whereas indeede they were before , and still are corrupted at home . Alas , if parents to whom the comfort of their children well brought vp , is a precious crowne , will not informe and reforme their children in the feare of God , whom it doth chiefly concerne ; how should hope sustaine these men , that others will performe this dutie to them , for whom the charge doth farre lesse appertaine ? Lastly let parents remember , that therefore oftentimes they haue disordered and disobedient children to themselues , because they haue been disobedient children to the Lord , and disordered to their parents when they were yong ; wherefore because they haue not repented , the Lord punisheth their sinnes committed against others , with the like sinne in others against themselues . Wilt thou know then O father , how thou maist haue that blessing , to be the blessed father of a blessed seede ? wilt thou know O mother , how to auoide that curse , to be the cursed mother of a cursed seede ? then bring thy children within the couenant , endeuour to make thy sonne by nature , the sonne of God by grace ; and thy daughter by nature , the daughter of God by grace : and remember that God which on his part protested to our father Abraham , that he was all sufficient for the accomplishment of his promise , in giuing him a blessed seede , required also of our father Abraham for his part , that he should walke before him and be vpright . Wilt thou then haue the one part of this couenant , that is , that God should blesse thee in thy seed ? then remember thou also the other part , that thou walke before the Lord and be vpright . Wilt thou haue thy children as the blessed seede of Abraham ? teach them with Abraham the commandements of God , pray for them with Abraham that they may liue in the sight of the Lord ; be readie to offer them with Abraham , that they may bee an holy sacrifice to the Lord ; It is thou O man , O woman , that maiest do thy child the greatest good and the greatest harme : if thou praiest for him , and repentest for thy selfe , the Lord will blesse thy care , the pastors paines , and the teachers trauaile . But if thou despisest these duties , the Lord will denie thee those blessings , and the curse of God will bee vpon thy childe at home in thy house , abroade in the Church and in the schoole . And seeing that the Lord hath promised that hee will bee thy God , and blesse thy seede , if thou bee faithfull : thou maiest both hope , that thou art of the faithfull , if thou haue a blessed seede , and feare that thou hast not as yet the blessing of the couenant , when thy seede is cursed . But some will say , had not Iacob wicked children , and Dauid godlesse sonnes ? And doth not daily experience teach vs , that wicked men haue godly children ? Yes : for besides the secret counsel of the Lord herein , we must know that neither the promise of the Lord is so vniuersall , that euery particular childe of a faithfull man should be within the couenant : for if of many there be but one blessed , the promise is performed . Yea which more is , though that a faithfull man haue neuer a good childe , yet if vnto the thousand generation there be but one good , the couenant is not broken . Neither must wee tie the Lords worke so much to man , that a good man may not haue an euil sonne , seeing though the Lord visit not his sinnes , yet hee may visit the sinnes of some of the forefathers , to the third and fourth generation going before . To the second I say : that an euill father hauing a good child , though the Lord shew not mercie to that particular man therein , yet he may remember his promise to some of the forefathers in the thousand generation going before . And though that an euill man haue no cursed child , yet the curse may be accomplished in the third and fourth generation following . Wherefore not speaking of election or reprobation , which we leaue onely to the Lord to make good or bad , according to the good pleasure of his owne will , I exhort parents to vse the ordinarie meanes to bring vp their childrē , so as they either by some good tokens may see them the children of God , and heires of the couenant : or at the least be comforted in their owne consciences , if the Lord refuse their children for some cause vnknowne , in that to their abilitie they haue vsed all good meanes to bring them vp well , and offered them to God. And if parents haue cause to be grieued , when thus trauailing in good education , they cannot see good in their children ; how much more cause of griefe may they haue , when they haue vsed no labour at all to bring them vp in the feare of the Lord ? and yet many will be grieued for the one , that will not be grieued for the other . Wherefore let vs learne ( if we will conueigh Gods blessings to our posterities ) to vse all holy duties thereunto : and on the contrarie , if we will be loath to conueigh Gods iudgements to our children , let vs carefully auoide all meanes that leade vnto them . And surely as it is a blessed thing in the houre of death with Sim●on to depart in peace , leauing our wife , children and seruants spouses to Christ , children to God , and seruants to the Lord : so in death no one thing will be more grieuous to a man , than , the Lords hauing giuen him the charge and dignitie of so many soules , to be furthered to saluation , that his owne tormented conscience shall presse him , how , in as much as he could , he hath helped them forward to their damnation ; and so , which is more fearefull , he shall haue them spuing and foming out in his face continual curses , in hell accusing him for euer to be the murtherer of their soules . Howbeit , I doe not exempt children from all blame , so charging the parents , as though the children were free from all guiltinesse herein : for I am not ignorant , that as in the time of Ezekiel , so in our dayes , youth is readie enough to take vp this Prouerbe , The fathers haue eaten sowre grapes , and the childrens teeth are set on edge . But I affirme , that though the occasion be offered of such wicked parents , yet the cause of destruction is still in the children themselues . And besides that , it is sure that the soule which hath sinned shall die the death . Seeing also there be some yong men , who notwithstanding the great prophanenes of the most , the manifold corruptions offered abroade , the vngodly examples abounding at home , are so mightily preserued by the seede of grace , that they escape safely in an holy course of life , lamenting when they see the least occasion of euill , reioycing in the least occasion of good things : the rest who please themselues , and hope to shelter their sinnes vnder their parents defaults , are plainely left without excuse , and are iustly guiltie of the blood of their owne soules . Labour therefore ye yong men to wipe away the teares of griefe from your fathers eyes , and stay the sorrowfull spirits of your tender mothers , and consider with your selues , if you haue any good nature in you , and haue not buried the vse of common reason , what a shame it is to be a shame vnto your fathers , to whom ye ought to be a glorie : and thinke ye wanton wits , that haue not cast off all naturall affections , what a contempt it is to be a contempt vnto your mother , to whom ye haue offered as it were a despightfull violence , in that ye are as it were a corrosiue vnto her heart , when as ye should haue bin a Crowne vnto her head . The end of al this briefly is thus much , that parents hauing children not walking either in knowledge or in a good conscience , must make some vse of so iust a cause of griefe , examining themselues , and accusing their owne soules before the Lord ; either for that their meeting was prophane to so holy an estate ; or brutish , because they desired rather a seede like vnto themselues in flesh and blood , than such as might be like to Christ by grace and new birth ; or that they begat their of spring , as meere naturall or very carnall men ; or because they either prophanely neglected al educatiō , or monstrously misliked that in their children which they liked in themselues , and punished in them their owne corrupt precepts ; or for that they suffered iniuriously their children to doe euill vnto others , which they could not suffer them to doe vnto themselues : or vntaught that at home which was taught abroad ; or in that they doe lie in some sinne vnrepented of ; or else because they neuer made conscience to bring their posteritie within the couenant of saluation : but still loued their flesh in their children , & not their soules . And children must here also learne , that it is one speciall propertie of a liberall and ingenuous nature , to be carefull so to liue , that in time they may bee a glorie to their fathers , and a ioy to their mothers : which the Lord grant to vs all for his glorie , and our euerlasting comfort : through Iesus Christ our Lord and onely Sauiour . FINIS . OF REPENTANCE , AND TRVE SORROVV FOR SIN : THE SEVENTH SERMON . Acts 2. vers . 37. 38. Now when they heard it , they were pricked in their hearts , and saide vnto Peter , and the other Apostles , Men and brethren , what shall we doe ? Then Peter saide vnto them , Amend your liues , and bee baptized euery one of you in the name of Iesus Christ for the remission of sinnes , &c. IN this portion of the holy booke of God is set downe to vs an effect , or rather a fruite of Peter his sermon , which hee made for the answering of the slanderous reports of the Iewes , at what time they sawe the wonderfull gifts of God sent downe vpon the Apostles . In which Sermon , the Apostle had pricked their consciences with shewing them their sinnes , telling them of a suretie , that their iniquitie was the cause of Christ his death : whereby a certaine care began to bee wrought in them , in so much that being thus troubled , they enquired and saide , Men and brethren , what shall wee doe ? Whereupon afterward followed the second Sermon of Peter : where hee exhorteth them to continue in their repentance , and teacheth vs that if our sorrowe bee good , wee must goe forward therein . Further hee sheweth them to this ende , that they must beleeue , that beleeuing they may bee baptized , that being baptized they might receiue the gift of the holy Ghost . Lastly it is manifest , how they hearing that Sermon , first receiued the doctrine , and after perseuered in the practise of the same . Briefly therfore three things are hereto be noted . First , the fruit of the former Sermon of Peter contained in these wordes : Now when they heard it , &c. Secondly , the summe of a new Sermon of Peter in these wordes : Then Peter said vnto them , Amend your liues , &c. Thirdly is set downe the fruite of their obedience . In the former part of this Chapter we may know the wonderfull workes of God , that the Apostles , who were neuer brought vp in schooles , spake with diuers tongues : which when the multitude heard , some are said to maruell and to be astonished : some mocked them and said , They are full of new wine . But when Peter with great boldnesse of spirit had in this Sermon which he made , set the trueth of God against their false accusations , and had preached against their sinne , then they left off mocking , and were pricked in their hearts . Where first wee may note the power of Gods word , which onely is able to touch our consciences for sinne . For neither the diuersity of tongues , nor other gifts of the holy Ghost could prick their hearts , as being able onely to cast them into an admiration . What more forcible thing than that which causeth a godly sorrow , and causeth our consciences to be pricked ? What so able to pricke our consciences as the word of God ? Indeede many feele sorrow , and are inwardly pricked : but because therewith is not ioyned the power of Gods word , they bee either senselesse as blockes , or in their feeling they be murmurers . This commeth vnto vs by the dignitie of Gods word , in that no wonders from heauen , no miracles on earth can touch our hearts , and worke in vs any good fruit without the same . For though the Lord should shew vnto vs all the wonders from heauen , which he shewed on the old world , and on Sodome , although he should lay al the plagues vpon vs , which he laid on Pharaoh , and on the Egyptians , without the word of God , we should be as vnprofitable beholders , as euer were the Sodomites , and should become as hard hearted as euer were Pharaoh , and the Egyptians : so that no iudgement from heauen , no trouble from earth can humble vs , no blessing from aboue , no benefit from beneath can profit vs , vntill the word of God commeth , which teacheth the olde way to forsake it , the newe way to enter into it , and the perfect way , to continue in it . And thus much for the generall scope of this doctrine . Now more particularly we may obserue in this first part three things . First , the power of the word to pricke our consciences . Secondly , that this pricke must not cause in vs a more rebelling against the word and Ministers thereof : but rather a greater reuerence to them both . Thirdly , such prickes must prepare vs to a greater desire to profit . For the first we must know , that this is the beginning of repentance , & this is the entrie to godlinesse , euen to conceiue a sorrowe for our sinnes , and so bee wounded with a feeling of our euils . For as long as men are secure , it is not possible that they should seriously apply their mind vnto doctrine , neither without the knowledge and feeling of our sinnes can we heartily long for Christ. To this agree the Law , the Prophets , and the Apostles . The law , because in all their sacrifices , wherein Christ was prefigured , was manifested also vnder darke signes , the contrition of heart , and acknowledging their vnworthinesse . The Prophet as Dauid and Esay . Dauid in the fourth Psalme and fift verse faith , Tremble and sinne not : where the Prophet sheweth , that this is an effectuall thing to true repentance , to quake and tremble for feare of Gods iudgements . That wee may then truly examine our selues , wee must feare and humble our selues , because before trouble , terrour , and quaking at the iudgements of God , we wil neuer be brought to offer our selues to Christ alone . In Psalme 51. vers . 18. 19. the Prophet likewise sheweth , that no sacrifice is acceptable to God without a contrite heart , that is , neither prayer , neither almes-giuing , neither praise of thanksgiuing , vnles wee bringing an humble and contrite spirit with vs , cast our selues downe before his iudgement seate , and sue for mercy in Christ. And here marke that he saith , The sacrifices of God are a troubled spirit , &c. where hee vsing the plurall number sheweth , that the sacrifices of repentance , which must not be one , but many , are humblenes of the spirit , and contrition of heart . For the affliction of the soule and contrition of the minde , doe so cast vs downe , wounded with our sins , and humbled with a feeling of Gods wrath , as that it maketh vs to acknowledge that we are nothing of our selues , and to seeke for our saluation wholy at the mercie of God. No marueile then ( seeing by this meanes we being confounded and ashamed of our selues , & staying our selues on the only promises of God , doe come to confesse our owne nakednes and wretchednes ) if the Prophet should say , that the Lord is pleased , with his sacrifice as with the sacrifice of sacrifices . The Prophet Esay 40. 6. 7. 8. saith . All flesh is grasse , and the beautie thereof as a flower of grasse ; the grasse withereth , and the flower falleth , when the breath of the Lord falleth vpon it . Where the Prophet painting out man in his proper colours , and driuing him to seeke out saluatiō not in himselfe , but in Christ , describeth the outward part of man to be as grasse : and by the flower of grasse , he sheweth his gifts of minde being vnregenerate , as wisdome , memorie , knowledge , and vnderstanding . So that , when Gods spirit doth but breath on vs , all our wisdome , all our knowledge , riches , and authoritie fal before the presence of the Lord of hosts , neither can we remaine , but only by the word of God , whereby we are borne againe . Wherefore the considering and meditating of our transitorie estate , driueth vs to a contrition and humblenes of spirit . Besides , the Lord God , saith Esay , whom the heauens cannot containe , nor the earth hold , will come and dwell with a lowly , poore , and troubled spirit , and which standeth in awe of his word ▪ God doth not accept our sacrifices , which are offered without trembling at his word , no more than if we should kill a man , and choake a dogge , or offer swines flesh , which was counted an abominable thing among the Iewes , or praise the thing that is vnright . Lastly , to this accordeth the Gospell , and the Apostles . Our Sauiour Christ , Matth. 9 ▪ 13. saith , I came not to call the righteous , but sinners to repentance ; not euery sinner , but that sinner which condemneth sinne in himselfe , and is wearie and laden with his sins . Matth. 11. 28. Matth. 21. 32. our Sauiour Christ preferreth the harlots and Publicans before the Pharisies : for they being pricked for their sinnes and conuicted , did sorrow , and heard Iohn preaching vnto them . So then Christ giueth reliefe to those that want , righteousnesse to them that feele themselues sinners , ease to them which are burthened , light to them which are in darkenesse , life to them which are dead , and saluation to them which condemne themselues . The Apostle delareth , 1. Corin. 14. how the Corinthians were moued with strange tongues : but yet had not in admiration the word . Besides , hee sheweth by comparing the gift of tongues and prophecying together ▪ that if an Infidell or vnlearned man should come , and heare them speake with strange tongues , hee would say , they were out of their wits : but if he should heare them speake the word of God plainely , hee would be rebuked of all men and iudged of all men , and so the secrets of his heart should be made manifest , he would fall downe on his face and worship God and say plainely , when hee feeleth his sinnes , they rifle mine heart , they shew my secret sinnes , doubtles this is Gods doing , God is in them , I will follow this religion . Wherefore in this appeareth the power of the word , in that it citeth and summoneth our consciences before the tribunall of God , and woundeth vs with a liuely feeling of Gods iudgement , that he , who before through securitie did despise sound doctrine , may now bee constrained to giue the glorie vnto God. This appeareth more plainely , Hebr. 4. 12. where it is saide , that the word of God is liuely , mightie in operation , and sharper than any two edged sword , and it pierceth through , and searcheth the most secret chambers of the soule , and deuideth thought from thought : and then all our holines shall seeme hypocrisie , all our righteousnesse shall seeme as a defiled cloth : we shall finde with Paul , that in vs , that is , in our flesh , dwelleth no righteousnesse . For mens consciences are colde , neither are they touched and displeased with their euils , so long as they be in ignorance : but when the word of God pierceth into the vttermost corners of their consciences , and telleth them , that they haue to doe with the Lord ; they are throughly touched and begin to feare , and entering into themselues , examining their conscience , they come to the knowledge of that , which before they had forgotten . Wee can neuer bee offered to God without his spirit , Iohn 16. vers . 8. For hee reprooueth the world of sinne , and awaketh our consciences , that those sinnes , which before were hid , should be made manifest . Dauid did lie an whole yeere without this pricke of conscience , and thought that all was well , vntill Nathan came , neither did he finde comfort of conscience , vntill he had thus been pricked , Iosephs brethren was thirteene yeeres , and neuer remembred their sinnes , vntill after such time the Lord laid it before them . The Prophet Dauid , Psalm . 32. ( which he intituled a Psalme of instruction concerning the free remission of sinnes ) teacheth how we shall finde the same . For many perswaded themselues , that their sinnes are forgiuen , when they be not . He also sheweth , that vntill trouble of minde did driue him to particularize and confesse his speciall sinnes to God , he found no comfort . Manasses did eate the bread of sorrowe , and did drinke the water of griefe , and vntill hee had lamented and sorrowed for his sinnes he felt no rest , nor peace . The woman of Samaria , Iohn 4. was pleasant , and iested with our Sauiour Christ , vntill her sinnes were opened , and then shee began to answere with more reuerence . For vntill shee was willed to call her husband , shee thought all was safe : but after hee had tolde her , that shee had plaied the adulteresse , shee acknowledged him that hee was a Prophet . Wherefore wee may see by this which hath been spoken , that the word of God only pricketh our consciences , as plainly may here appeare by the Iewes , who cared not for the Apostles , nor made any conscience , vntill their hearts were pricked . In the second place we must note , that they were rightly pricked . For many oftentimes are pricked , which kick against the pricke , and hauing their consciences galled by the word , they murmure either against the preacher of the word , or against the word it selfe . Here then is the difference betweene the godly and the wicked , the one is pricked , and is made more carefull in a godly conscience ; the other more hardened than before . But this is a godly sorrowe , when wee loue the man that rebuketh vs , and reuerence the word the more being by it reprooued in our conscience . Doe wee loue him then that rebuketh vs ? then we heare profitably . Let vs examine our selues in this sort : I see God hath wounded me by him , he is the instrument whereby God doth humble me , I wil therefore loue him . Contrarily , if we be often touched and amend not , we are in danger of Gods wrath . Many indeede are pricked with pouertie , many with sicknes , and some with other like afflictions , but few with their sinnes , which is the cause of their pouertie , sicknes , and other afflictions . Let vs then learne a willingnes to offer our selues to be taught and to bee pricked for sin , as these men were . The wicked also are pricked sometimes : but it is rather for feare of punishment , than for conscience to displease God , as were Caine and Iudas . Some men are pricked , and to put away their sorrowe , they will goe sleepe , they will goe play , they will goe sport , they will get to merrie companie , and passe away the time , and so , as they terme it , they will purge and driue away the rage of melancholie : they neuer goe to any preacher , to aske of the Lord , or at the mouth of his spirit : they neuer respect prayer , nor seeke any comfort in the word of God. But to put away sorrow on this sort is to call it a againe , and to feele it more freshly either in the houre of death , or in hell . Contrariwise , if our sorrow doth driue vs to prayer , or to the word of God , it is good . As for the wicked and prophane worldlings , though ( as the Wiseman saith , Ecclesiast . 11. ) he spend all his dayes without any euill , yet his darkenes will be greater than his light , his sorrow greater than his pleasure , his losse greater than his gaine , his trouble greater than his vanity in hell . Let vs not then so carnally shake off this godly sorrow : for the word will send vs often an vnquiet spirit , that wee may seeke to bee quiet in Christ. To examine our selues herein : Haue we heard the word of God ? were we pricked by it ? then haue we profited : Haue wee not bin pricked thereby ? then as yet are we not a sacrifice for the Lord. For , as was said before , Christ comforteth them that are troubled , hee helpeth them that doubt , he easeth them which are in distresse , hee setteth their feete in the way of peace and gladnesse , that haue long been in darknes and sorrow . Haue ye not been sorrowfull , and will ye learne a salue for this sore ? be sorrowfull , that ye were not sorrowfull ; be pricked in your hearts , because you were not pricked . Haue wee heard the word ? let vs examine our selues , if our knowledge be the better , if our affections be the holier . As hauing heard the exposition of the law of God , doe we feare God ? doe we know how to loue God ? doe we pray to God ? doe we worship God in our soules , and in our bodies more carefully , and in greater conscience than we haue done heretofore ? Are we not now as prophane and carelesse still in giuing the right worship to the true God , as before wee were too superstitious , in seruing Angels , Saints , and other false gods ; neither sorrowing for our Idolatrie , nor caring for true religion ? Haue wee not blasphemed , and prophaned the name of God in vnreuerent hearing his word , in vnprofitable talking of his workes , and abusing his owne maiestie with swearing and cursing as much as euer wee did before we heard his word ? Haue wee kept holy the Sabbath ? or haue we not prophaned it , by open neglect of the word , by playing , sporting , drinking , and other vanities ? Doe wee not still send forth our seruants to dispatch our busines on that day , as if it were the market day , when they may doe such things most lawfully ? Are not parents , householders , and gouernours , as slacke in prouoking obedience ; and children , seruants and subiects , as slow in yeelding obedience as euer they were ) parents in the meane time , not seeing that children therefore rebell against them , because they rebell against God ; nor householders perceiue that seruants doe not their duties to them , because they doe not their dutie to God ? Are we lesse wrathfull , and more mercifull ? Are we lesse riotous , and filthie defilers of our flesh ? and are wee more sober , chast and holie ? Are we lesse giuen to oppression , to hard dealing one with another , and more iust , righteous , and carefull to maintaine the good estate of our brethren ? Are wee not backbiters , slanderers , or sowers of discord , causers of contention among our neighbours ? being farre off from maintaining loue , vnitie , and the good name of our brethren ? The cause why wee cannot see further into these things , is , because wee flatter our selues , and because we compare our selues with our selues and with others , but not with the rule of Gods word . Let vs then learne to accuse our selues , and to iudge our owne consciences . For if God see vs condemne our selues , hee will not condemne vs ; if we accuse our selues , God will not suffer Satan to accuse vs ; if wee iudge our selues , God will acquite vs from the fearefull iudgement to come ; if wee bee displeased for our sinnes , God will be pleased with vs in Christ his righteousnesse . On the contrarie , whilest we lie in our sinnes , we lie in our owne blood ; if wee iudge not our selues , God will both iudge vs , and bee reuenged of our sinne ; he will set our house on fire , he will send enemies , hee will send earthquakes , he will send famines to consume our goods , he wil make friends foes , he wil send sicknes and sorenesse vpon our bodies , & a troubled spirit into our soules , he will send vs an ill name : thus will he bring plague vpon plague vntill we repent , and come to a feeling of our sins . And why doth God all this ? because we will not come to iudge our selues . For this cause ( saith the Apostle , 1. Cor. 11. 30. ) that is , because wee iudge not our selues , many are weake , and sicke among you , and many sleepe . 31. For if wee would iudge our selues , wee should not be iudged . 32. But when we are iudged , we are chastened of the Lord , that wee should not be condemned with the world . Likewise the Prophet , Psal. 89. and 30 , 31. 32. 33. But if his children for sake my law , and walke not in my iudgements , if they breake my statutes and keepe not my commandements : then will I visit their transgression with the sword , and their iniquitie with strokes : yet my louing kindnesse will I not take from him , neither will I falsifie my truth . For as a father withdraweth from his childe sometimes his loue , and whippeth him with the rod of correction : so the Lord dealeth often with his children , and scourgeth their naked conscience . God doth iudge his heere , but his enemies will hee iudge in the world to come : if we bee not punished here , the punishment will be as thunderbolts in the day of iudgement . Hast thou been afflicted , and not profited ? Will not a little crosse serue thee ? a greater shal come to thee . Will not a few troubles turne thee to God ? then many shall come vpon thee . If a man be not troubled for sinne here , it is the way to hell : if hee bee troubled here , it is the way to heauen . And as they which haue not bin troubled hauing had a little ioy , shall haue eternall paine : so they which here haue had a little paine , shall after haue euerlasting ioy . They that are corrected and haue profited by it , are afflicted of the Lord in mercie : but they that bee vexed and amend not , receiue a token of Gods further wrath . Wherefore we must not looke to feele comfort in the remission of sinnes , vnlesse wee also haue sorrow for committing our sinnes . For neuer any of Gods children were comforted throughly , but they were first humbled for their sinnes . To the working of which humiliation , wee must remember Gods iudgements shewed on others . Hath God destroyed the whole world for sinne , and can hee not , or will hee not destroy thee for sinne ? Hath hee ouerthrowne whole nations , and will hee suffer thee to lie still in thy sinnes ? See how full hell is alreadie , and yet daily wee runne headlong thither . Consider also how great thy sinne was , that could not be cleansed but by the blood of Iesus Christ : Oh how foule was that sinne , that nothing else could wash it , but Christ his heart blood ? Oh how great was our guiltinesse , that was raunsomed by such a price ? How great was the sore that needeth such a salue ? how deepe was the wound that needed such a medicine ? O louing kindnes and vnspeakable loue towards vs ! Shall Christ ●ee slaine for our sinnes , and wee not labour to slay sinne in our selues ? Shall Christ dye for our sinnes , and sinne as yet is not dead in vs ? Shall Christ bee crucified for vs , and will wee not crucifie sinne in our selues ? Shall Christ haue his heart pricked with a speare , and shall not wee haue our hearts pricked with sorrow ? This is the true vse and meditation of Christ his passion . Wee are wont to defie the Iewes for accusing Christ , wee spit at Iudas for betraying Christ , and wee condemne Pilate for condemning Christ : but wee are much more to bee at defiance with our sinnes , which accused him before the iudgement seate of God ; wee are to accuse our selues , who haue and daily doe betray him ; wee must condemne ourselues , whose sinnes haue condemned him . But if neither the iudgements of God , hell , nor the crosse of Christ can moue vs , then let vs examine our selues how wee can reioyce in Christ. It followeth to speake of the counsell of Peter , Repent : as if he should say , I know your hearts are pricked , howbeit I wil shew you , how it is the policie of the diuell , to make these good motions quickly to waxe drie in you , hee will stay you from perseuering , you must therefore endeuour to continue in this godly sorrow . The Apostle saw , that this sorrow , which , as Paul witnesseth , is not to be repented of , as well begun in them : but in continuing his Sermon still to that effect , hee sheweth that our sorrow must be also continuall . Many sorrow , as hath been shewed , but in a worldly sorrowing , which bringeth eternall death , not in a godly griefe which bringeth repentance neuer to be repented of . Wherefore we are to note that repentance beginneth in vs , continueth and endeth with sorrow . Now , if it might bee , it were expedient to shewe what repentance is . In one word , repentance is not a bare leauing of sinne , but an vtter condemning and misliking of that sinne which wee haue left . For though we haue left it , yet it may make vs to sorrow for it many yeeres after , yea euen at the point of death . Dauid had left his sinne , but it caused him to sorrow many yeeres after . Iosephs brethren had forsaken and almost forgotten their sinne , yet it troubled them , and grieued them thirteene yeeres after . Our pricking of heart therfore must be continued and daily renued . This repentance is figured in Baptisme , both in that wee must dye to sinne , and burie it , and also that we must rise againe to newnes of life ▪ for a man cannot dye to sinne but by the vertue of Christ his death , neither can he rise to righteousnesse without power of his resurrection . Now wee must know , that as our sinnes are forgiuen , so we must also receiue Gods spirit . If God promiseth mercie to our children , much more to vs , if wee beleeue and receiue his promises ; if to them which are a farre off , much more to them that are neere . And yet though wee haue been baptized an hundred yeeres , and haue not receiued the holie Ghost , wee may dye in our sinnes . Some vnderstand by the gift of the holy Ghost , the graces of God bestowed on the Apostles : but in my iudgement their opinion is not sound , because that was a particular thing giuen onely to them of that time , this promise is generall and respects all posterities . We are then to note , that repentance is a continuall course of sorrow , and if wee haue this in trueth , then may wee boldly seeke for comfort out of Gods word , and from his ministers , and looke What comfort they giue vs on earth , the same shall be sea●ed also in heauen . Wherefore as it is requisite continually to till the group 〈…〉 f we will haue fruit and daily to eate , if we will liue : so in spirituall things , we must be humbled with continuall sorrow , that we may be refreshed with daily comfort in Christ , in whose name let vs pray . Our Father , &c. FINIS . THESE THREE SERMONS FOLLOVVING , viz. the 8. 9. and 10. concerning the heauenly purchase , were preached vpon the 13. Chapter of the Gospell of Saint Matthew , vers . 44. THE EIGHTH SERMON . Matth. 13. vers . 44. Againe , the kingdome of heauen is like vnto a treasure hid in the field , which when a man hath found , hee hideth it , and for ioy thereof departeth , and selleth all that hee hath , and buyeth that field . THe whole scope , and drift of the holy Ghost in this place , is to shewe that the word of God is to the children of God , more deare than heauen and earth , and that the Word is the onely treasure that God hath left vnto them , the which indeede is a hidden treasure , vnknowne vnto many , but knowne vnto the children of God , and the onely treasure which they desire : for they which doe knowe it , and perceiue the true vse of it , doe make such a reuerent account thereof , as that they are readie to leaue all things , and to seeke for it ; and when they haue found it , they are readie likewise to loose all , and to depart from all things ( that may hinder it ) which they haue , and to doe all things which serue as good meanes to keepe it , to the end that they may come to the full assurance and possession thereof . Although I might make a diuision of this Text into two parts , as first , the inestimable value of the word of God : and secondly , the precious account that is to be made thereof , yet because euery word hath his weight , and the text yeeldeth a sufficient method as it lieth , I will omit the diuision , and come to the words as they lie . Againe , the kingdome of heauen , &c. The kingdome of heauen is taken in two diuers senses , first , as all men doe know , it is taken for that glorious estate which the Saints and the children of God shall enioy , when they shal arise with Christ Iesus , and raigne after this life with God and his Angels , sinne , hell , and death being subdued ; which because it is apparant vnto all men , we will not stand to approue . The kingdome of heauen is also taken for the entrance which Gods children haue into Gods kingdome , in this world , which is of two sorts , partly of the meanes whereby God offereth his kingdome vnto them , & partly of the graces of his spirit which he offereth by the meanes : For proofe that it consisteth of the graces offered by the meanes , we reade that Iacob Genesis the 28. when hee saw the vision of God and the Angels ascending , and descending , and had the comfortable promise of saluation , and of Gods continuall presence and assistance made vnto him , then he awaking , said , Verily this is none other thing but the house of God , and this is the gate of heauen . And that it is of the meanes , it appeareth by the 16. chapter of Matthew , where our Sauiour Christ saith vnto Peter , And vnto thee will I giue the keyes of the kingdome of heauen-and whatsoeuer thou shalt binde on earth , shall be bound in heauen , and whatsoeuer thou shalt loose on earth , shall be loosed in heauen . And this meanes of entrance into the kingdome of heauen , as it was committed vnto Peter , so was it also vnto the rest of the Apostles , as it ap peareth by Iohn the 21. whose sinnes ( saith Christ ) yee remit are remitted , and whose sinnes yet retaine are retained . And as vnto them , so vnto all the true Ministers of the word of God , succeeding them vnto the end of the world , as it appeareth by Matthew the 28. the 19. and 20. verses : Goe therefore and teach all nations , baptizing them , in the name of the Father , and the Sonne , and the holy Ghost , teaching them to obserue all things , whatsoeuer I haue commaunded you : and loe , I am with you alway , vntill the end of the world . The Apostles are gathered to their fathers , but the ministerie shall be for euer , it continueth vnto the end of the world , & therefore vnto the Ministers also are committed the keyes of the kingdome of heauen , and they are the porters of the kingdome of heauen , as the Apostles were . Now , this is euident by Ephes. 4. 11. &c. He gaue some to be Apostles , some Euangelists , some Pastors , and some Doctors : And vnto these hee committed the ministerie of the word , vntill the time that all the elect Saints of God were gathered together , and the bodie of Christ throug●ly builded vp : which should not be before the end of the world . By this we see that the Ministers are the porters of heauen , and that they haue the keyes of the kingdome of heauen , as the Apostles had . Of this kingdome our Sauiour Christ speaketh , Matth. 23 13. where hee reprooueth the Scribes and Pharisies , saying : Woe bee vnto you Interpreters of the Law , for you haue shut vp the kingdome of heauen before men , for ye your selues goe not in neither suffer ye them that would enter to come in . What these keyes be , our Sauiour Christ sheweth , Luke the 11. the 52. saying : Woe bee vnto you Interpreters of the Law , for yee haue taken away the key of knowledge , yee enter not in your selues , and them that came in ye forbad . Of this kingdome our Sauiour also speaketh , Matth. 9. vers . 35. And Iesus went about all cities and townes ▪ teaching in the Synagogues , and preaching the Gospell of the kingdome . And in the 10. of Luke the 10. and 11. verses , our Sauiour Christ biddeth his Disciples to goe and preach : but if they will not receiue you , goe your waies out of the streetes of those cities and townes , and say , Euen the dust that eleaueth on vs of your citie , we wipe off against you : notwithstanding know this that the kingdome of God was come neere vnto you . And in Luk. 17. 21. when the Pharisies asked Christ a questiō when the kingdom of Christ should come , hee answered them and said : The kingdome of God commeth not by obseruation and glorious signes , neither shall men say , loe here , and loe there , for the kingdome of God behold it is among you . And here wee must beware of these translations who haue it thus translated , the kingdome of God is within you : for we must not thinke that the kingdome of God was in euery one of the Scribes and Pharisies , but that it was amongst them ; so that euery one is not the kingdome of God , as the Familie of loue teacheth . And in Matthew 21. vers . 43. Christ speaking vnto the vnthankfull Iewes , saith : The kingdome of God shall be taken from you , and shall be giuen vnto a nation that shall bring foorth fruite . Where we see that the kingdome of God is taken for the ministerie of the Word , and the application of the kingdome of God vnto vs : and here wee are to know that by these meanes of the ministerie of the Word , as Fasting , Prayer , &c. the kingdome of God is offered vnto vs : but these are not the kingdome , but the meanes to bring vs thereunto , as is euident by Esay 52. vers 14. the which afterward is repeated and applied vnto this end of the Apostle Paul , Rom. the 15. and 21. verse : To whom hee was not spoken of , they shall see him , and they that heard not shall vnderstand him : where it is apparant that the ministerie of the Word is the meanes to bring vs to the knowledge of Christ , and so to his kingdome . The kingdome of God is wholy spirituall , as Romanes the 14 and 17. verse . The kingdome of God ( saith the Apostle ) is not meate and drinke , but righteousnesse , and peace , and ioy in the holie Ghost . And that the kingdome of God consisteth partly of all the graces of the spirit proceeding from this meanes , it is euident by the 2. of Peter the 1. and 4. verse , &c. Therefore giue all diligence thereunto , ioyne vertue with faith , and with vertue knowledge , and with knowledge temporance , and with temperance patience , and with patience godlinesse , and with godlinesse brotherly kindnesse , and with brotherly kindnesse loue : for if these things bee among you , and abound , they will make you that you neither shall bee idle , nor vnfruitfull in the knowledge of our Lord Iesus Christ. Wherefore brethren , giue diligence to make your calling and election sure , for if you doe these things , you shall neuer fall : for by these meanes an entrance shall bee ministred vnto you aboundantly into the euerlasting kingdome of our Lord , and Sauiour Iesus Christ. Thus then we see that the kingdome of God consisteth in these things , as in respect of the outward meanes which is the Word , and in respect of the fruite of these meanes it consisteth in these graces , which fruite God bestoweth on them which vse the meanes . Here then wee learne that none shall make appearance in the kingdome of God hereafter , which maketh not an entrance into it here . He which taketh not possession of it in this life , shall neuer possesse it in the life to come , none shall rise and raigne with Christ , which doth not with him here crucifie himselfe and rise from sinne on earth : for who so will be made partaker of the kingdome of heauen , must here wholie addict himselfe to seeke the kingdome of heauen . Therefore it behooueth euerie man to make an especiall account of these meanes , seeing that by them wee haue alreadie passed the second death , and entred into the kingdome of God , which whosoeuer doth not enioy here , can neuer enioy it in the life to come : wherefore the kingdome of God is , and may well bee called a treasure . The righteousnesse of Christ Iesus , with the peace of conscience , ioy in the holy Ghost , vertue , faith , knowledge , temperance , patience , godlinesse , brotherly kindnes , loue , &c. these bee sure gages , seales , and pledges vnto vs , of our entrance into the kingdome of God , and therefore most excellent treasures . For if that bee a treasure , which if a man haue , he needeth nothing else , and without which , if he haue all things he hath nothing , then may this rightly bee called a treasure ; for all things without them are nothing , and these without al other things are sufficient for our saluation . Therefore this being so great and inestimable a treasure , is highly to be esteemed of vs. Haue we this treasure ? then wee neede not to esteeme of all other things . In iudgement men doe see that the onely treasure of man is the saluation of the soule : this is a granted rule , neither doth this neede so much to be proued vnto vs , as that it is not onely to bee confessed of vs in words , but also in vnderstanding to bee conceiued , in affection to bee well liked of , and agreed vnto , and in life to be expressed . For blessed are they that can so thinke of , and make vse of this treasure . Now where a mans treasure is , there is his heart , and where his heart is , thither are all the powers both of soule and bodie carried headlong . For so soone as men giue themselues to like of and to loue pleasures , riches , credit , honour , or learning , wisedome , or glorie , so soone they make these as it were , their Gods : when men begin to be perswaded these things are a treasure , when their hearts are once set on these things , then wee see presently that all parts both of soule aud bodie bend that way , then goeth minde , heart , and hand and affection , and the whole delight to the attaining thereof . Therefore if this Word be a treasure , then all the powers and faculties of bodie and minde , must bee giuen onely vnto it . Wherefore euery one must know this , that they onely haue this treasure , whose hearts are set on the kingdome of God , they are the neerest vnto saluation , whose hearts are set on the Word and doctrine of saluation , who can say from the bottome of their hearts with the man of God Dauid , This one thing ( O Lord ) haue I desired , and that I will require , euen that I may dwell in the house of my God all the dayes of my life : But what to doe ? to behold the beautie of the Lord , and to see the light of his fauourable countenance in Christ Iesus , and to receiue the gifts and graces of the spirit of God , which may be sure seales and pledges of his saluation , yea ( saith he ) I had rather be a doore-keeper in the house of my God , than to dwell in the tents of vngodly men . Neither must we desire so much to be present in the house of the Lord in bodie onely , but also in spirit , that wee may euen behold his fauourable countenance shining vpon vs in Christ Iesus . Wherefore we ought to make most precious account of the meanes , because they bring much excellent graces : By them we are brought into Gods house to behold his face , and to enioy his mercies ? Why then ( will some say ) is the preaching of the Word the gates of Heauen ? are the preachers of the Word the porters of these gates ? If this be such a treasure , why is not the Word more preached ? why is it not more esteemed ? Are the graces of the spirit of heauen in earth ? are they our entranee into heauen ? how then is it that they are not longed after ? Why doe not men make more account of them ? Surely our Sauiour Christ teacheth his children to meete with this obiection , when he saith it is hidden . This treasure is not apparant , but secret , not of this world , nor knowne to them of this world , but hidden and vnknowne of them , and therefore not so much regarded and esteemed of . And this treasure is hidden , whether wee consider the meanes , as things of no glorious shew , or the graces of the meanes , which are not of this world , but rather contrarie to this world . That the graces of the spirit are hiddē from them of this world , our Sauiour Christ sheweth vs in Matthew 1● . and 25. verse , saying : I giue thee thankes O Father Lord of heauen and earth , because thou hast hidden these things from the wise and men of vnderstanding , and hast opened them vnto babes . That the meanes are hidden , Saint Paul witnesseth in the 1. to the Corinth . 2. and 7. verse : But we ( saith he ) speake the wisedome of God in a mysterie , euen the hid wisedome which God hath determined before the world , vnto our glorie , which none of the Princes of this world hath knowne , &c. And in the 2. of Corinth . 4. and 3. verse , he saith : If our Gospell be hid , it is hid to them that be lost , whose mindes the god of this world hath blinded . The Word is hidden in the base meanes of the Ministerie , as the Apostle saith , 2 ▪ Corinth . 4 ▪ and 7. verse : We haue the treasures in earthly vessels , &c. And therefore it being in earthly vessels , is the lesse esteemed of the world . Also this treasure is hidden vnder the creatures of Water , Bread , and Wine . I do now speake ●afely of these according vnto the manner of men : but I knowe how I doe account of them : for vnto God and the godly these meanes are not base , but indeede in respect of the graces offered by these meanes , they are very base ; and who would thinke that in a mortall man like my selfe should be hidden the treasure of heauen and earth ? Who would thinke that by the preaching of a sillie poore man , Iesus Christ with all his treasure should be offered vnto vs ? Who would thinke that in the creatures of Bread and Wine and Water , were hid the seales and pledges of the kingdome of heauen ? These be treasures indeede , but they are hidden . As a treasure in the field . This treasure sure is such a hidden thing , as that the eye of the quickest hath not seene it , neither hath his eare heard of it , neither hath it entred into his heart to conceiue of it . Now as in a goodlie field adorned with Grasse , Flowers , Trees , Herbes , and such like , perhaps there lieth hidden no treasure ; whereas contrarie in a barren peece of ground , wherein no such things are , there may be and doe commonly lie hidden treasures very great : so there is an inequalitie of meanes , and the Lord bestoweth his graces vpon them , for the most part , which carrie least shew in this world , and vseth them as instruments , and meanes to set foorth his glorie : and so likewise in the Sacraments and in the word of God , though they be lesse esteemed of in the world , yet in them is the chiefest treasure of all hidden . This must teach vs , that it is no marueile though fewe of the world come to this treasure , because that it is so hidden , and therefore this was prophecied of long before of the Prophet Esay , in his 25 chap. 1. verse : Lord ( saith he ) who will beleeue our report ? And , to whom is the arme of the Lord reuealed ? The which prophecie is also repeated againe of Christ , Iohn the 12 : and also of S. Paul , Rom 10. 16. But answere may be made hereunto , euen they , who are transformed into the image of Christ. Seeing then it was the complaint of the Prophets in old time , let not vs be offended that so few seeke this treasure , and men doe so little esteeme of it : but let the wicked esteeme neuer so ill of it , and let it neuer bee reuealed vnto the vngodly , yet the godly shall esteeme of it neuerthelesse , and vnto them shall this good treasure bee reuealed , and made most apparant . Let vs therefore pray the Lord that hee would raise vp , and send foorth most plentifull and diligent labourers into his haruest , and that he would send foorth many of his porters , to awaken vs out of sinne , and to stirre vs vp to the receiuing of the kingdome of God , that so they seeking may finde , and knocking it may be opened vnto them . It followeth : which when a man hath found , &c. To pursue euery particular farre in a parable is not the safest way , except it agree with the analogie of the things ; wee must here know that parables doe not hold but in some things , and not in all , and therefore in this sense the word doth not agree with a treasure , which when a man hath found , he hideth to this end , that none else should finde it , and be partakers of it , but himselfe ▪ but in the Word it ought not to be so ; but in this sense it agreeth with the analogie of our faith : A man which hath found a great treasure , it is so great ioy vnto him , as that he suspecteth himselfe whether it be so or no , hee is afeard least he hath not found it and therefore he searcheth more neerely into it againe , least that his sudden ioy should be soone deca●ed , or else hauing found it , hee lose it , and therefore hee hideth it : and euen so it is with the spirituall kingdome of God , for when it pleaseth God to worke in the heart of his people , by the ministerie of his word , to feele their saluation in Christ Iesus , by & by there ariseth a kind of feare in their hearts , least they be missed by seeking the way to saluatiō , or hauing found the way , they are afraide least they should lose it againe , they are full of doubts that they continually striue to come to a greater assurance therof . For in the imbracing of this treafure they finde it to be so sweete , and the tast thereof to be so precious , as that they labour throughly to seek after it , they desire not to haue a glimmering fight of our Sauiour Christ but euen a full taste of him , and all his benefits , And therefore there is neuer through peace in the hearts of the childrē of God , so long as they reuerence the word , til they haue hidden the word of God in their hearts , and grow more and more in the assurance of their saluation in Christ Iesus . And therefore Dauid in Psal. 119 the second and third vers ▪ saith : I haue hid thy commaundements in my heart , that I might not sinne against thee . And in Prouerbs the second and first verse : My sonne , if thou wilt receiue my word● , and hide my commandements within thee , and cause thine eare to hearken vnto wisedome , and incline t●●●e heart to vnderstanding ; when wisedome entreth thy heart , and knowledge delighteth thy soule , then shall counsaile preserue thee , and vnderstanding shall keepe thee . Where wee see that the holy Ghost giueth this precept vnto the children of God , that they labour so for the word that it be hidden in their hearts , they must labour to haue their hearts whol●e to prossesse the word , for the minde of man it may be deceiued , but the heart cannot , if the heart bee once throughly possessed of the word , it cannot easily be depriued of it . Now as a treasure is found before it be sought , so is the word of God Esai . 65. 1. Rom. 10. 20. I was found of them that sought me not , and haue been made manifest to them that asked not after me . This sheweth that all goodnesse cōmeth of the free grace and mercie of God , but to this end doth God manifest himselfe to them that sought him not , that men when God hath once found them , should then seeke after him , and when hee hath once spoken vnto them , then they should hearken vnto him . And this no doubt the children of God , who who when the Lord hath found them , and they know that the Lord hath spokē , they haue heard him . O then so glad would they heare him againe , and fearefull they are least they should bee depriued of hearing him in his word : neither doe they desire to haue Christ transfigured in the mount , but themselues to bee transformed into new men , that they might grow vp in righteousnesse , from strength to strength , and from faith to faith . This I speake vnto the sonnes and daughters of God which languish in their sinnes , and in the feeling of their infirmities , and hunger and thirst after the graces of God ; O how ioyfull are they in hearing the word , hauing felt comfort in it ? such feruencie of spirit is in them , to heare the preaching of the word , being so precious vnto them , they delight in the Sacraments , finding confirmation of faith and strength by them : The companie of Gods children is most delightfull vnto them , as Dauid saith : All my delight ( O Lord ) is vpon thy Saints on earth : Their consciences are comforted , and they are ful of alacritie and cheerefulnesse . These things may serue to stirre vs vp , to hunger and thirst after righteousnesse , & the hearing of Gods word . For by experience I haue knowne and tried some , which in the beginning of their profession haue been zealous , haue taken pleasure in the word of God , haue felt some comfort in the word , and for cōfirmation of their faith , both the word and the Saints of God were deare vnto them . They haue distributed to the poore , and haue had many other graces , yet when they looked for the vertue and power and effect which the word should haue wrought in their hearts , it was not in them , alas these things are now gone : but although the children of God haue many seuerall temptations , and that often without any feeling of this , yet let them assure them of this , that be they whosoeuer they are , at one time or other they shall feele this mightie power of the spirit of God in them to quicken them vp . It is requisite therefore for them to knowe how this commeth , and what the remedie thereof is , that so they might finde out the way to the attaining of it . Truly the Lord was found of vs , when we sought him not , he made himselfe known vnto vs , when we were ignorant of him , he caused the light to shine on vs , when we sate in darkenes and in the shadow of death . It pleased him in the first shining of the Gospell to put the teate and the milke into our mouthes , euen as a good mother dealeth with her yong childe , and to put the cloathes vpon our backes , and to prouide all things for vs without asking : but after that the Lord hath thus nourished vs , and regenerated vs by his word and spirit , and found vs out euen then when we thought not of him , and then we like vnto little children were readie to come vnto him ; behold here the great mercie and louing kindnesse of our God towards vs ; but when as yet notwithstanding these mercies are increased not in faith , in repentance and godly obedience vnto the lawes of God ▪ he still vseth vs as children , euen as Christ vsed his Apostles , giuing vs to know and to see that surely there is good , and that there is comfort and saluation vntothe children of God ; thus God by little and little conueigheth his graces into vs. But now whether for remission of our sinnes , whether for omission of certaine duties , whether for our barrennesse in spirituall graces , whether for our humbling or triall of our faith , or neglecting of the inward meanes , or for the setting foorth of the glorie of God , it hath pleased him a little to frowne vpon vs , and to withdrawe his smiling countenance from vs : He which found vs when we sought not him , euen hee doth now leaue vs to the intent that we might now learne to seeke after him : God hee gaue vs those things which were profitable for vs , before we knocked , to the intent that receiuing them at his hand we might hereafter learne to knocke for them : for we must know that our cloathes must not alwaies be put vpon our backes , the teares must not be alwaies put into our mouthes : wee must not alwaies be fed with milke , and be young children ; wherefore seeing that there is an infancie and a nonage and a time of discretion , as it is in Hebr. 5 and seeing the Lord hath a long time fed vs with milke as babes , we must not now murmure if he feed vs with stronger meate as men . Fathers will nurture their children , and giue them corrections whē they abuse their louing kindnesse , and will make their children to seeke vnto them , and craue of them those things which they want : And shall the fathers of our fleshe doe thus ? shall they nurture their children , and by discipline correct their sinnes and offences ; and shall not wee suffer the father of our spirits to deale thus with vs ? Seeing that we haue offēded the Lord , & not glorified him as we should , seeing we haue been barren in goodnesse ▪ & haue not brought foorth fruites of repentance worthie the Gospell ▪ is it not now good for vs , that the Lord should deale somewhat sharply with vs ? is it not meete that now the Lord should take his blessing from vs , when we abuse them ? is it not meete that the Lord should with hold his goodnesse when wee are not thankfull for it , and when the beholding of it doth doevs much harme ? If God shall now deale somewhat more strictly with vs , it is to the intent that wee might the better learne to doe our duties : for surely now wee are not in our nonage , but euen come to yeeres of discretion , wee must not therefore looke still to bee dealt withall as yong children : but we must fast , and we must pray , and vse those good meanes which God hath appointed . We must knocke and we shall finde , wee must bee important with the widow and we shall obtaine ; we must seeke earnestly , and then I dare bee bold to say , that the graces of God which now seeme in some sort to be withdrawne from vs , shall be restored vnto vs in as great measure as euer they were before . Wherefore seeing the Lord heretofore hath bestowed his graces and blessings vpon vs in more amplesort than euer wee could haue looked for , and that now hee seemeth as it were to be absent from vs , let vs bewaile and mourne for his absence , and then he will returne : otherwise let vs neuer looke for his presence againe : wherefore let euery man beware that he make precious account of the word of God , and let euery one consider and examine himselfe whether he hath in him a readinesse to seeke this treasure or no ; yea let euery one prouoke himselfe to this , for the kingdome of heauen from the time of Iohn Baptist vnto Christ suffered violence , and must suffer violence vntill the end of the world . And none euer did or shall enter into it , to haue fruitiō thereof , but those who with all feruencie , violence , and zeale haue sought after it . Wherefore if we haue not cleerenesse in knowledge , purenesse in affections , if we finde not in vs ioy in the holy Ghost , zeale , and boldnesse in good things , loue , meekenesse , patience , and such like fruites of the spirit , wee are to know that this is for want of fasting , praying , knocking , seeking , and due estimation of the Word and Sacraments . Wherefore if wee finde in our selues the want of these things , wee must haue recourse to the vse of the meanes . It followeth . And for ioy thereof departeth , &c. It is a thing incident to treasures when they are found to worke ioy , and great is their ioy which haue found pleasures , but greater is the ioy of him that findeth the treasure of saluation , then his ioy is that findeth earthly treasures ; Shew vs ( saith the Prophet , Psal. the 4. ) the light of thy countenance , thy fauour and thy grace , and thou shalt make our hearts more cheerefull and ioyfull , than rich men are when their Corne , Oyle , and Wine increaseth . Great is the ioy that ariseth of abundance of riches , but greater is the ioy which ariseth of the loue and fauourable countenance of God. The man of God saith in Psalme 1●9 the ninth part , and the 72. verse of the Psalme , The law of thy mouth , O Lord , is better than thousands of gold or siluer . That man which loueth gold , hee taketh great pleasure and delight therein : but yet saith the Prophet , Thy word is sweeter and better esteemed and liked of by me , than thousands of gold and siluer . And in the sixteenth part of the same Psalme , verse the ● . I loue thy commandements ( saith he ) aboue gold , yea aboue most fine gold . And in the 21. part of the same Psalme , and 2. verse of that part , he saith : I reioyce at thy word as one that findeth a great spoyle . Pleasures breede ioy , profits breede ioy , honour and glorie breede ioy , by a good haruest , with increase of Wine and Oyle commeth pleasure , by riches as gold and siluer ariseth profit , by victorie conquest and spoyle of the enemie , honour and glorie is gotten . Now all these things being laide ioyntly together , must needes bring a great ioy to a man ; but the man of God preferreth the ioy which proceedeth from the Word before all these ; and that not without good cause , for greater is the ioy of the kingdome of heauen , and of eternall saluation in heauen , than the ioy which ariseth of all these things . And what is the ioy of Wine and Oyle to this , that mens hearts are refreshed with the refreshed Wine and Oyle of the countenance of God ; is it not more than to possesse much gold and siluer ? What greater ioy can be than to be perswaded of the loue of God in Christ Iesus ? the eye hath not seene , neither hath the eare heard , neither can the heart of man conceiue of this vnspeakable ioy of the kingdome of heauē . To liue and remaine for euer with God the Father , the Sonne , and the holy Spirit in eternall glorie , is not this better than thousands of gold & siluer ? To subdue Satan , sin , the world , the Diuell , and the torments of hel , is not this a great victorie and a great ioy ? yea is it not greater than the triumph ouer our bodily enemies ? to remaine eternally in the glorie of God , of Christ Iesus , the Spirit and the holy Angels ; is not this an infinite and incomprehensible ioy ? Wherefore men must leaue off the false ioyes of this world , and the pettie ioyes of sinne , and cleaue vnto this ioy , and seeke after it . Now euery one the greater treasure that hee findeth the more hee doth reioyce , and so euerie one the neerer that hee draweth vnto saluation , the more ioyfull and glad he is . For the kingdome of God doth not keepe one , and the same tenour in all men . This ioy is not in all the children of God alike , God he doth sometime hide his louing coūtenance from them , some times he giueth comfort , and sometimes againe more sorrow . And as wee see that the Lord sendeth sometimes wet weather , and sometimes againe more faire weather , sometimes he sendeth stormes , tempests , and boysterous weather , and by and by most calme and still : euen so dealeth he with his children , sometime he hideth his graces from them , which other sometimes he maketh apparrant vnto them . And as after stormes and tempests come faire weather ; so after sorrowes and troubles , ioyes and pleasures doe come vnto the children of God : after their anguish and paines are past , great calmenesse and peace of mind and quietnesse in conscience ariseth vnto them . And as it is said● in Psalme 30. 5. The anger of the Lord endureth but a while , but in his fauour is life : Weeping and sorrow may abide for an euening , but ioy commeth in the morning . Wherefore euery one is to examine himselfe whether he hath this ioy or not : for whosoeuer hath it not , certainly he hath not his saluation . Yet it may be that he may haue some sight of it , but it was neuer hid deepely in his heart . And here we are to know that there are two sorts of ioyes in receiuing the word : There is a ioy in the wicked in hearing of Gods word , but it hauing but a small crust of the earth to nourish it , it withereth quickly away and remaineth but for a time , as is shewed in this chapter in the parable of the seede , which fell in hard stonie ground : There is another ioy which endureth and continueth vnto the ende , which although it haue many intermissions , yet it doth not altogether cease , but will at the length haue the victorie against all sorrow whatsoeuer . The one of these is the ioy of the minde , the other is the ioy of the heart . The first is deceitfull , the second is effectuall , A man may therefore be deceiued in ioy , and thinke that he hath it before hee hath found it , and that there is a ioy when a man thinketh that hee hath found a treasure , when hee hath not , and another ioy when he knoweth indeede hee hath found it : euen so is there a double ioy in the kingdome of God : For there is a ioy in the hearing and knowing of this , that the kingdome and graces of God are offered vnto vs : It is a ioyfull thing for a man to knowe his saluation , and to know that God offereth vnto him eternall life and redemption ; but if this ioy doe but abide and swimme as it were on the top of their braine , and goe no further , then is there but a crust of the earth as it were in these hearers , and their stonie and hard hearts are hardened with deceitfulnesse of sinne , and there is also another ioy in this , when a man is assured and fully knoweth that he is saued . There is a ioy of the minde , when a man doth see the mysterie of his saluation , & there is a ioy of the heart , when a man hath the experience thereof : the former of these ioyes may be deceiued , the other cannot . The former remaineth but for a time , if a man doe rest onely in the knowledge of his saluation , a man can minister no true comfort vnto this man : For it is one thing to know there is eternall life , and another thing to know that eternall life is ordained for thee : For it is one thing to know that sinnes are pardonable , and another thing to know that thy sinnes are pardoned : neither doth it follow , that because thou seest the way to heauen , that therfore thou art there . Wherfore thou must know that the seate of faith is not in the braine , but in the heart , and that the head is not the place to keepe the promises of God , but the heart is the chest to lay them vp in . Therefore as the minde must be conuinced of sinne so the heart must be continually rebuked , feared , humbled , and terrified from sinne , it must be the closet wherein the word of God must be kept ; With the heart ( saith the Apostle ) a man beleeueth vnto righteousnesse . The minde of man , if it be troubled , it is nothing , but if his heart be troubled , the trouble thereof is great . Therefore as the griefe of the minde , is nothing to the griefe and sorrowe of the heart , so the ioy of the minde is nothing comparable to the ioy of the heart . And then it is indeed a true ioy , when a man hath in his heart an experience of the mercies : If I can say now , not I but Christ Iesus which liueth in me , O this is the ioy of the heart , which passeth the reach of all vnderstanding . Many cannot distinguish betweene this ioy of the minde and the ioy of the heart : But let such men know , that a temptation may change the minde , and motion of the braine , but the heart and affection being roote in goodnesse , it can neuer change it . For although there be sorrow in thy heart in the euening and for a season , yet ioy againe will come in the morning . The Lord he is faithfull who hath called his , and he will alwaies perfect his worke in them : first in raising vp the bodie in the last day , and then in ioyning it together with the soule , and making both partakers of that blessednesse and glorious happinesse which is prepared for them in the kingdome of heauen . THE NINTH SERMON , PREACHED ON PART OF the 44. verse of the 13. Chapter according to Saint Matthew . MATTH . 13. vers . 44. And for ioy thereof departeth and selleth all that he hath , and buyeth that field . IN the former Sermon wee shewed that the kingdome of God was taken in two diuers senses , as namely : First , for the glorious estate of Gods children after this life , when they shall liue eternally with God , and enioy the presence of the holie Angels , triumphing ouer sinne , hell , death , and condemnation : and secondly , for the entrance which Gods children haue into the kingdome of God in this world . This kingdome is of two parts , one of the meanes whereby God offereth his kingdome vnto them ; the other of the graces of the Spirit , which hee offereth by the mean●s . Here we are taught that none shall euer haue fruition of the ioyes of heauen , but those which take possession of them in earth : none shall rise againe with Christ to glorie , which doth not here arise from sinne : for who so will bee made partaker of the kingdome of heauen , must here wholie addict himselfe to seeke the kingdome of heauen , euerie one therefore is to make great account of the word of God , which is the meanes to leade vs to this kingdome , that so he may be assured that he hath alreadie departed from death vnto life , and so he may haue the assurance of the kingdome of heauen . The word of God and the graces offered by it , are called a treasure , because that without this all things else are nothing , and this of it selfe is sufficient to our saluation . Many there are , which will confesse that this is the onely treasure which a man ought to seeke for , but few there are which doe agree thereunto in their liues , and labour to expresse the same in their conuersation . But blessed are they that can so thinke of it , and labour to haue a testimonie in their consciences that they doe thus seeke after it : for where euery mans treasure is , there is his heart also . So that if the word of God and the graces of the Spirit and eternall life bee our treasure , then our hearts must bee set on them , and then must wee wholie seeke after them ; but this treasure is a hidden treasure , and therefore not so esteemed and reuerenced : for whether wee doe consider the meanes which haue no outward power or shew in them , or whether wee consider the graces of the Spirit offered by the meanes , it is a treasure altogether hidden ; but yet though it be hidden , yet it is not any whit lesse esteemed of the godly . This must teach vs not to be offended with any , when wee shall see them make no account of receiuing the truth : for it is no new thing , but hath been a thing prophecied of old : Lord ( saith the Prophet Esay ) who will beleeue our report , or to whom is the arme of the Lord reuealed ? Wee shewed that treasures are found before they bee sought for , and so God he hath offered vnto vs the treasure of his word before wee sought it , and therefore we must acknowledge that this is onely of the free mercie and fauour of God , that wee doe enioy the treasure of his word . Now , for as much as God hath once vouchsafed to call vs , wee must obey , and hauing once spoken vnto vs , we must hearken vnto him : for it hath pleased the Lord to deale with vs as parents deale with their young children , who when their children be tender , they put the teate into their mouthes , put on their cloaths vpon their backes , and feede them with milke : but when they waxe elder and grow to some yeeres of discretion , then if they offend they are rebuked and scourged . And euen so the Lord at the first beginning of our regeneration , he offered his graces most plentifully vnto vs , he sent his watchmen to call vs vnto him : but now whether for omission of duties , correction of our sinnes , or triall of our patience , it pleaseth him to withdraw his merciful countenance from vs , and as it were to be gone from vs , to the intent that now we might seeke him , now wee must fast and mourne , or he will not returne vnto vs againe . Euery one must therefore examine his owne heart , whether that hee doth there finde such power of the spirit of God working in him , as that hee is willing to seeke vnto the Lord , and a proceeding and holding on in grace , in vertue , and in goodnesse . And if vpon due triall and examination of our hearts , we finde them not in vs , then we are to know that the reason why we haue them not , is this , wee would still be babes , and still bee fed as children , not seeking , not knocking , nor looking after the Lord. The man that findeth a treasure , hath a ioy suddenly arising in his minde , but by and by he doubteth of himselfe whether he hath found a treasure indeede or no : and therefore he looketh ouer it againe to the intent he may be the better certified thereof , least otherwise his sudden ioy should soone vanish away . And euen so the children of God finde by the word of God the treasure of their saluation to bee in Christ Iesus , and being throughlie touched in heart to seeke after the same , yet oftentimes they doe make many doubts , they seeke againe and againe , and are desirous not onely to haue a smacke and a glimmering taste of Christ , but a liuely eating and feeding vpon the Lord Iesus , and therfore they hide the word with the Prophet Dauid in their hearts . A man hauing found a treasure reioyceth . Ioy and sorrow , hope and feare working on mens hearts , doe make knowne vnto men how farre off , or how neere our hearts are vnto God : for the neerer a man is vnto saluation , the more ioyfull and gladder hee is ▪ Great is the ioy of haruest vnto them which haue haruest at hand ; great is the ioy of siluer and gold , vnto them which haue abundance thereof , but greater is the ioy of a good conscience : great is the ioy of spoyles , of victorie and glorie , gotten by victorie and spoyles , but greater is the ioy of a true Christian in the mercies of the Lord. And therefore Dauid speaking in the person of a regenerate man , saith in Psalme the 119. the last part saue one● I reioyce at thy word , as one that findeth a great spoyle . Those then which haue no ioy in the word , in the spirit of God , and in the graces of Gods spirit , they neuer tasted of the good spirit of God , neither shal they taste of the ioyes of the world to come . There is a ioy of the minde , and a ioy of the heart : a ioy when a man knoweth that a treasure is to bee found , but a greater ioy , when in experience the heart is fully setled in the finding of it . The ioy of a man which commeth in this , that he knoweth that there is saluation , this ioy may vanish away ; but that ioy which is setled in the heart in the full assurance of saluation , this ioy , though it may sometimes be darkened , yet can it neuer bee vtterly extinguished , heauinesse may abide for a night , but ioy commeth in the morning . It followeth : He withdraweth himselfe , or he departeth . The naturall signification of the word , is not onely to depart and goe away , but to withdraw and seperate himselfe as it were from other businesse . And this wee see aptly and fully to be resembled of vs in the finding of a treasure : for when a man hath found a treasure , hee goeth about to buy the field : or when one is about to vndertake any other thing of great waight or importance , then hee giueth himselfe wholy ouer vnto it , hee goeth aside to consider of it , what it is , whether hee bee not deceiued in it , what his owne abilitie is , what good it may doe him , what it must cost him , what it may be worth vnto him , and whether it will counteruaile all those things he laieth out for it : and euen so in the doctrine of saluation it is requisite that men should consider it , when God offereth such a worthie treasure vnto them , then they are to search into their hearts throughly and diligently to cast before hand , what lets , impediments and hindrances there may be , what that is which they seeke for , what cost and labour they are to bestow vpon it , and againe , what may bee the profit , commoditie and ioy thereof , which may redound vnto them thereby , when they haue it , and how they may keepe themselues in sure possession of it , hauing once obtained it . This preconsideration our Sauiour Christ confirmeth vnto vs in two Parables in Luke the 14 the one is of building , the other of warre . For the first , he saith , Which of you minding to build a tower , sitteth not downe first and counteth the cost whether hee hath sufficient to performe it , least after that hee hath laid the foundation , and is not able to performe it , all that behold it begin to mocke him , saying : This man began to build , and was not able to make an end . For the second , he saith : What King going to warre against another King , sitteth not downe first and taketh counsell whether he be able with tenne thousand to meete him which commeth against him with twentie thousand , least afterward to his great shame ( for so it may be gathered by the circumstances ) he may be constrai●ed to send an ●mbassege vnto him and to desire conditions of peace . So ought euery one which commeth to heare the Word , to make this premeditation and preparation with himselfe , whether he be able and can endure the cost which he must be at in comming vnto the Lord , whether he can endure that fight which he is to take in hand before he come vnto the Lord ; whether he can sustaine the losse of his father , mother , wife , and children , brethren , and sisters , yea and his owne life also , and all that he hath ; whether he be able to fight against Powers , Principalities , the Diuell , the World , and the flesh , his owne reason and affections , least that otherwise he breake off his course , and shew himselfe not to be the man he seemed first to be . This premeditation and preconsideration must be made , before we can enioy that treasure and buy the field wherein it lieth . There is no similitude in the Scriptures vsed more often than the similitude of building , which often is englished by this word Edifying . Of this building mention is made 1 ▪ Cor. 3. where the people of God are called the Building of God , and the Apostles the Builders : so likewise in Ephes. chap. 2. verse . 20. 21. 22. And are built vpon the foundation of the Apostles and Prophets , Iesus Christ himselfe being the head corner stone , in whom all the building coupled together groweth into a holy temple in the Lord , in whom yee are also built together to be the habitation of God by the spirit . And in Esphes . 4 and 12. verse , it is said by the Apostle , That Christ gaue some to be Apostles , some Prophets , some Euangelists , some Pastors , and some Teachers , for the gathering together of the Saints , for the worke of the ministerie , and for the edification of the bodie of Christ. And in verse the 16. By whom all the bodie being coupled and knit together , by euery ioynt for the furniture thereof ( according to the effectuall power which is in the measure of euery part ) receiueth increase of the bodie , vnto the edifying of it selfe in loue . And Iude in his Epistle verse the 20. requireth of vs that we build our selues in our most holie faith praying in the holy Ghost . Againe , who knoweth not that the similitude of warfare is often repeated also in the Scriptures ; as in Iob , The life of man is a continuall warfare . And in the 1 of Timoth. the 6 ▪ chapter and 12. verse : Fight a good fight , saith the Apostle . And 1. Peter . 2. and 11 ▪ verse . Abstaine from fleshly lusts , which fight against the soule . And Eph. 6. and 12. verse : We wrestle not against flesh and blood , but against principalities and powers , and against earthly gouernours , the princes of the darknesse of this world , against spirituall wickednesses in heauenly things : So that wee see that of necessitie euery Christian must be a builder and a warriour . This building and fighting was shadowed out in the rearing vp of the materiall walles of the temple of Ierusalem , which when the Iewes did build , they wrought with one hand , and held their weapons in the other hand to fight against their enemies , as it is in Nehem. 4. and 17 ▪ verse . The profit and commoditie of building is a deede very great , the glorie and honour of victorie gotten in warre is great , but this wee know that nothing is more troublesome and dangerous , than both building and warre : yet be thinking of the commoditie and glory which do arise of them , do counteruaile the paines & griefes . But greater is the profit and more excellent is the glory which we shall attaine vnto in building vp of our selues temples of the holy Ghost . Therefore as none can looke to haue commoditie by his building , nor honour by fighting , without trauaile and paines : so let no man deceiue himselfe with a vaine perswasion , that he shall inherit the kingdome of heauen , when he laboureth not with might and maine to come there . For we shall neuer be victors , except we fight valiantly , we cannot enioy the building if we spare the cost . And as we see some begin a building , which not being able to finish , doe leaue off to their discredit : and as many doe moue and make warre , who not being able to finish it , and to goe through withall , are faine to their shame to seeke truce , so alas many begin to build and make an entrance into Christianitie with a great and faire shew at the first , but few continue to the end . And we finde it most true in the Gospell , that nine lepers being clensed , but one of them returned backe againe to giue him thankes for it . Wherefore this forethinking and premeditation is most expedient and necessarie : neither must wee thinke that religion is so slight a matter , as many doe perswade themselues that it is ; which kind of men when death commeth vpon them , euen then they are deceiued of their saluation , because they make no account thereof before hand , they neuer thought that the profession of Christianitie would be so costly vnto them , they neuer thought it would be so chargeable a matter . Whosoeuer therefore will auoide a most dangerous and desperate estate at his death , whosoeuer he or she be which will goe on vnto this building , must forecast and premeditate before hand , what it must cost him , he must deeply consider with himselfe what his saluation and the kingdome of heauen will cost him ; I tell you it is no small thing , it must cost him the losse of all the pleasures and delights of this world , it must cost thee the forgoing of all thy lusts , the losse of riches , of libertie , and of banishment , the losse of thy wife , goods , lands , friends , parents , children , yea and peraduenture also it will cost thee the losse of thine owne heart blood : It is more chargeable than some thinke it is , and that it is the cause why they make so little account of it . Now there are some which care not what it costeth them , so that it may be had with ease ; but such must know that it is as laborious , as costly : For before thou canst attaine vnto it , thou must trauaile in heart and in soule , with weeping , with sighing , with much fasting , with prayer , with watching , with meditation of the word of God , and in practising of all the commandements of God. Thou must trauaile in compassion towards all men , thou must take paines in doing thy dutie towards thy superiours , and in relieuing the needie , and such as are in distresse . Finally , it is a most painfull way to passe , and many there be which deceiue themselues , entring into it without preconsideration either of cost or paines . I tell you in the houre of death , in the day of iudgement , in persecutions , in trials , in banishments , many shall see and know that they haue deceiued themselues , for that they haue not duly thought of these said charges ; neither is it onely chargeable and troublesome , but also there are in it many and great perils and dangers , many battailes must be fought , before thou canst come vnto the end thereof . Now for a man not onely to be greatly chargeable , but also to haue great troubles , many battels betwixt the flesh and the spirit , this is a sore and a great temptation , thou must fight with all thy affections , with thine owne reason , thou must be prepared to fight with fleshly ioy , Loue , Feare , sorrow , Anger , Meekenesse , Softnesse : neither is this conflict as the passion of anger , which endureth but for a moment , but this combat against affections is to be taken in hand diuers and sundrie times , and continueth a long time , euen during the whole life . And though we receiue many blowes , and are sometimes ( as it were ) drawne backe , yet we must to it againe . Those ( I say ) which meane to inherit the kingdome of heauen , must renounce their owne reason , and fight against their owne iudgement . As for example , in anger many will burst out to fighting ; and why ? because that their owne reason teacheth them that they are abused , contemned , and despised , and this is it which deceiueth many , because they doe not striue and contend with their owne reason : but rather doe thus thinke with themselues according to the manner of men , what is the reason why we should doe this ? or why we should doe that ? why we should lose our wiues , children , goods , and lands ? this reason then of ours must be fought against and ouercome . But when a man hath ouercome his reason , and knoweth what things to be angrie for , and what things to be patient in , what to loue , and what to hate , then shall he the better walke rightly , but for as much as a man must fight both with his reason and his affections , this is a hard battell . For though a man haue ouercome his reason , yet his affections may still ●e head strong in him , yea so strong as they shall carrie his reason & iudgement headlong . Here then ariseth a greater fight than before , before the affections can be ouercome : but when reason & affections ioyne together & that a man hath to deale with them both , then ariseth a most deadly fight , insomuch that a man shall very hardly ouercome them , and yet wee haue more enemies to fight withall than these . Wee must fight on the right hand , and on the left ; on the right hand with fame and glorie , and on the left hand we are to fight with wealth and riches , and with credit , and all things in the world . If God shall vouchsafe to giue thee riches , take heede that thy heart be not set vpon them : wherfore when thou , whosoeuer thou art , art blessed with a good report or with the riches of this world , take heede and beware of pride , vaine glorie , and ambition , for if the childe , of God doe not forecast these things , he may easily be ouertaken , and wee see many , who when they are in lower estate behaue themselues like honest men , and as becommeth the children of God , but when they come to any preferment , and promotion , then they are altogether carried away with the vaine glorie of this world . Thou must not onely fight with faire and good reports , but thou must also fight with reproches , and this is no small combate : for hauing riches and glorie thou maist escape pride , and ambition , but if indeed thou professe the truth , thou canst not escape reproches . Wherefore if this be not foret● ought and looked vnto betimes , if a man ●e not well armed against this , he cannot be able to withstand it , but it will make him goe backe from the truth which he hath professed : alas ( will he say ) I labour to doe good , I endeauour my selfe to keepe a good conference in all my dealings , yet loe how I am contemned , and how I am accounted a Prec●sian , and an Hypocrite . We must also fig●t with losses and want of liuing , and in this point we see many to be ouercome : when as therefore the Lord hath brought vs vnto a low ●bbe , we must take heede that we be ●o shifters ▪ For when by a simple and godly liuing many cannot thriue and prosper in this world , then fall they to vnlawfull meanes ; and now adaies rather than a man will be in want , hee will take two or three liuings : wherefore this temptation of want is very great , and therefore so much the more to be looked vnto . Likewise when a man must fight with banishment , losse of friends , or such like , then the anguish which ari●eth thereof , it draweth from him many bitter sighes and deepe groanes , and through sorrow of heart , he is brought vnto strange thoughts : wherefore except a man doe acquit himselfe with these , and the rest , it will goe hard but Sathan will haue the victorie , for it is a very hard matter to endure them . There is another thing to be taken heede of , and that is this , when Sathan shall behold the corruption of a man , either which is within him , or which is outward ( for whether it be inward or outward it will serue his turne ) as it is in Ephes . the 6. He is spirituall wick●dnesses in heauenly things , he is a spirituall enemie , and in this world he is Principalities and Powers . Therefore ( I say ) when he beholdeth thy corruptions , he commeth to worke vpon thee , and stirreth vp thine owne conscience , and thine owne reason to accuse thee , and to condemne thee : then like a spirituall enemie he commeth to intoxicate thine affections , and moueth thee sometimes with losses , sometimes with profit , sometimes with pleasures , sometimes with ioy , sometimes with sorrow ; when I say he doth thus bewitch thy reason and affections , and doth thus infatuate thy wits , and intoxicate thy braines , here is a very dangerous fight . And herein may a man easily perceiue , that Rebecca had not such a conflict , when the two yong babes were within her , as thou shalt haue when Sathan beginneth thus to worke . And for this cause was it that the Church in Baptisme did appoint that euery one should euen then prepare himselfe to fight with the Diuell , with the world , his owne affections , and all the lusts of the flesh . Now when a man hath once entred into this fight , and for want of due considerations is not able to goe further , because he looketh not vnto the charges thereof , then what will bee saide of him ? Behold the foolish builder , loe the vnwise souldier ; and is not this a great reproch ? Satan shall laugh at vs herein . And this defect in fore casting and premeditation is the cause that some men are carried away from the trueth , by this meanes , and by that meanes , but fewe continue stedfast in it vnto the end ▪ Hence it commeth to passe , that so many being grounded in the pleasure of this life , swell in ambition , and are as it were choaked with delights , in pouertie some runne to vnlawfull sl●fts , many by reproches and taunts fall away , some burst with anger , and some are either carried away with grieuous errors , or else with Idolatrie , because they doe not consider that Satan is a spirituall wickednesse in heauenly things : Some come to drowne and to hang themselues , and all for want of consideration . Wherefore it behooueth all men to bee most circumspect and warie in this , that they consider what that is which they bee to take in hand , before they enter rashly into it . But yet Satan hath another shift , when hee cannot cause vs to bee carelesse and negligent in premeditation , then hee will make vs to trust too much to our owne strength , as hee did moue Peter to doe , who if Christ had not prayed for him , and if he had not been grounded on the rocke before , hee had vtterly ●●scaried , otherwise hee maketh vs to be ouer circumspect and warie in this behalfe , as hee did Ananias and Saphira . Againe , if he see that thou makest a conscience to offend the Lord , then hee will set before thee the waight of thy sinnes and the great dangers that thou art in , that thereby hee may moue thee to despaire : but if hee perceiue that thou art carelesse in off●nding God , then will he set before thee the mercies of God , that thereby thou maist presume ▪ O most perilous temptation , when on euery side Satan shall seeke to entrap thee and bring the● vnto destruction ! Some againe he maketh thus to thinke ; Alas , if I shall giue my selfe to this seuere and strict examination of my selfe , then I shall bee plunged into extreame sorrow and griefe and brought into melancholie , o● I shall neuer be mine owne man , I cannot begge , I cannot abide ( for the words sake ) to lose my country , my wife , children , and such like , and therefore I can neuer come to be a Christian. Thus hee causeth thee onely to see and looke into the perill which shall come vnto thee in professing the word of God : but the price of thy saluation and me ioyes of this life to come , he neuer telleth them to come into thy minde , and this is also a most perilous temptation Thus the diuell by one meanes or other goeth about to deceiue vs , either he maketh vs to thinke that the way is not dangerous , or else that it is so dangerous as wee shall neuer bee abie to get through it : But notwithstanding these great and manifold combats , as the hope of profit doth moue the builder to goe on forward in his building ; so must wee in our spirituall building , in hope of some especiall commoditie not leaue off but goe on forward . And as in warie the hope of victorie doth stirre men vp to continue to fight ; so seeing o●● v●ctorie is alreadie gotten by Christ , let no labour stay vs , let no dangers hinder vs , but let vs go on forwards both in our building and warre . Let vs consider that we fight not in our own strength , but vnder Christ Iesus , who hath gotten the victorie for vs , & who fighteth for vs , he hath ouercome Satan in all his temptations , and accusations : so that he shall neuer be able to ouercome vs , either in the sinne of presumption or desperation . We may not therefore be now driuen backe , the cost of our warfare must not frav vs , Christ Iesus will minister harnesse , strength , & weapons vnto vs and he will get the victorie for vs. The great and heauie iudgements of God against sinners , let vs set before our eyes , the comfortable sayings of the holie Scriptures , as this : Esay ●1 . The wolfe shall lie with the lambe , the Leopard shall lie With the kid and the calfe , and the Lion and the fat beast together , and a little childe shall leade them . Whereby is meant the mightie power of Christ in regenerating our corrupt nature , which is as fierce as a Lion , and as sauage as a wolfe , or also if wee relie vpon Christ Iesus , he is able to turne the hearts of the cruel●st to pitie vs. Thou must beleeue that Christ by his mightie power hath begotten the a●ew ▪ and hath deliuered thee as it were out of the mouth of the Lion , and therefore in no wise bee dismaid , but comfort thy selfe , and beware of fearefull desperation . When our Sauiour Christ saith , that it is as possible for a rich man to enter into the kingdome of God , as it is for a Cammell to goe thorowe the eye of a needle : O this is a fearefull saying : but againe it is a great comfort , when hee saith , that with man this is vnpossible , but with God all things are possible . It seemeth to a couetous man to bee a very hard thing to depart from any thing , but when Christ Iesus shall be the mightie worke of his spirit truly touch the heart of Zacheus , hee can make him willingly to giue halfe of his goods vnto the poore , and if that he hath imured any man , to restore the same foure fould . That was a hard and fearefull saying of Saint Paul 1. Corinth . 6. and 9. verse : Neither Fornicators , nor Adulterers , nor Idolaters , nor Wantons , nor Buggerers , nor Theeues , nor Couetous men , nor Drunkards , nor Railers , nor Extortioners shall inherit the kingdome of God. But that which followeth was most comfortable vnto the Corinthians , and so it is most comfortable vnto vs : And such ( saith hee ) were some of you : but yee are washed , but yee are sanctified , but yee are iustified in the name of the Lord Iesus , and by the spirit of our God. Loe here how Corinth was once a wilde and brutish people , but after their calling they became sound in faith , and were made the Church of God. And in Titus 1. verse 12. Paul saith , That the Cretians were alwaies liers , euill beasts , and slow bellies , and ( saith hee ) this witnesse is true , wherefore rebuke them sharply : that they might become sound in the faith . Whereby wee see how these wicked people were by Faith purged and made the children of God : Why therefore shouldest thou lay before thee the difficulties of ouercomming Sathan , that thou shouldest therefore despaire in the mercies of God ? Why should any of vs thinke that wee are not able to ouercome our owne lusts when Christ Iesus standeth for vs , and fighteth with vs , when his Angels pitch their tents round about vs , and the spirit of God is powerfull in vs , and the word of God maketh for vs. Now seeing thou hast the Word which is of power to saue thy life , and seeing thou hast the seales of Gods mercies , Water , Bread , and Wine , which are more sure seales of Gods fauour , than the obligations and bonds of any Priaces ; seeing thou art so fenced in on euery side , bee not discouraged by the mightie power of thine enemies , but abide the brunt a little , and desire the Lord to increase thy faith , and no doubt thou shalt be a conquerour , and triumph ouer all thine enemies : Let vs bethinke vs of our charges and costs , being certainly perswaded by whom , in whom , & through whom , we shall be more than conquerours , that so we runne not away at the first : Let vs beleeue , and it shall be vnto vs according to our faith ; and if wee cannot beleeue , let vs pray with the man in the Gospell , Lord helpe our vnbeliefe . FINIS . THE TENTH SERMON , PREACHED ON PART OF the 44. verse of the 13 ▪ Chapter according to Saint Matthew . MATTH . 13. vers . 44. Againe , the kingdome of heauen is like vnto a treasure hid in the fielde , which when a man hath found , he hideth it , and for ioy thereof departeth , and selleth all that hee hath , and buyeth that field . HAuing spoken of this verse before , my purpose is not to vse any long repetition of that which was deliuer●● . ●n effect this ●ath been before shewed , namely , that the price of our saluation here called the kingdom of God , ●s so excellent , that it is resembled vnto a treasure , which howsoeuer it is hid from the reprobate , and those that bee of this world , yet it is manifest and reuealed vnto the children of God , who finde it , and when they haue found it , hide it fearing least they should lose it againe ; the finding whereof breedeth such ioy in their hearts , that they will willingly part from all things that they haue , so that they may enioy this treasure : and therefore it is saide , that the man hauing found this treasure , departeth and withdraweth himselfe . Where we haue shewed that many for want of this withdrawing themselues , or premeditation , not considering what the price of this treasure is , nor what paines and labour he is to take which enioyeth it , after they haue once begun and entred into this course which leadeth vnto eternall life , not being able to continue therein , doe with the vnskilfull builder , not forecasting what the building will cost , and with the vnwise King , hauing begun warre , and not able to go through there with , leaue off vnto their great shame and reproch . And here we haue shewed that no man can sell all that he hath to buy this treasure , before hee haue throughly considered and deeply ●ayed what the thing itselfe is , and what losse and perill he is to sustaine before he can attaine thereunto . And heere lea●● that any should be discouraged from selling that which he hath to buy this treasure , I shewed the remedies and helpes which further vs therein . For howsoeuer this treasure is chargeable , yet the cost is Christs : and how laborious soeuer it is , yet Christ ha●h taken sufficient paines in obtaining it , for all those that put their trust in him . And although the perils and dangers be great , yet in our Lord Iesus they are all ouercome . After that a man hath premeditated the charges , paines , and perils , which hee is to sustaine in buying this treasure , then he commeth to a ful resolution , and he selleth all that he hath , and buyeth that field . In this word selleth , there is much matter contained , where we ought to giue more diligent attention thereunto . The things in generall which are to be sold before this field be bought , are either of their owne nature euill , and in themselues simply sinfull , or else such as are sinfull in respect of circumstances : those which of themselues are simply sinfull , are of two sorts , either grosse outward sins , or else the inward corruption of our corrupt nature . Concerning the former , to wit , grosse outward , they must bee parted withall and sold , for this saying is true both in religion and in manners , No man can serue two masters , &c. If Baal be God then we must follow him , we must not be luke-warme , hot & cold , for such the Lord spueth out of his mouth . Wherefore we cannot serue God & the world , for there is such a contrarietie and a fight betweene them , that vntill we reiect & forsake the world , we can neither serue God aright , nor yet attaine to the fruition of this treasure . In these words , He selleth all that he hath , there are three things to be considered . First , that sinnes must be sold and not changed . Secondly , sinnes must be sold all and not some . Thirdly , they must be sold for euer , and not for a season . As touching the first , we see many that doe not so much sell their sinnes as make an exchange of them : for many in the time of Poperie had in estimation the Pope and that religion of Antichrist , which now professing the Gospell doe neglect and contemne it : heretofore the paines of that fained Purgatorie were feared of many , but now men are not afraide of the torments of hell which are most sure : heretofore men prayed in an vnknowne tongue , not vnderstanding what they said , but now they will not pray in a knowne tongue knowing what they say : before men prayed for the dead , now they will not pray for them which are aliue : before men vsed long and continuall prayer , now either they pray not at all , or they are so short , and soone wearie , as it seemeth they receiue no grace thereby : before many Sacraments which were no Sacraments , were much accounted of , now there are but two , and those are true Sacraments , and yet they are neglected : heretofore men fasted very often , and that very scrupulously , insomuch that they did rather offend in fasting too much thā too litle , but now a Christian fast publikely appointed is rather oppugned than receiued , and a priuate fast is not knowne amongst Christians . Before there were many and superstitious holy daies receiued , now the onely Sabbath of the Lord is prophaned , & the diuell or at the least not God that day is serued : Before men confessed their sins vnto euery hedge priest , now men haue left confession of their sinnes vnto their brethren , chusing rather to murther themselues ▪ than to acknowledge their faults one to another , as the Apostle Iames willeth they should . Yea men are so farre from this , that they will rather by periurie and briberie cleere and purge themselues , than make their sinnes knowne , and so satisfie the congregation , and Church of God. And thus we might goe through all points of religion ; for men before were altogether superstitious , and now they are become wholy prophane . Wherefore miserable was their estate before , but now most miserable , dangerous & damnable ( I say ) is the estate of our age , wherein those that serue God best , and walk most carefully in their callings , are accounted mad and franticke , precise fooles : on the other side , they which are altogether dissolute , & secure in discharging their duties , are taken for the wisest men , and this commeth to passe because men doe not consider that saying of the Apostle , 1. Thess 5. verse . Brethren , we beseech you that you know them which labour amongst you , and are ouer you in the Lord , that you haue them in singular loue for their workes sake . This changing of sinne may also be seene in yong men of the Vniuersitie , who in their youth did liue altogether dissolute in their behauiour , but being strickē in yeeres they account gaine to be godlinesse , and so farre foorth as religion may serue to inrich them , so farre are they professors thereof . These and such like haue not as yet made a sale of sinne , but a change . Sathan as yet goeth further , & moues some men to make a more dangerous exchange than this , and bringeth them from one extremitie vnto another . For many being before giuen to worke wickednes , & that with greedinesse , and to commit most grosse sins , now forsaking that outward wicked course are so puffed vp in the pride of their spirit , that they are become such new men , as it were thinking too well of themselues , they runne on into the other extremitie in seeking after those things which are aboue their reach ; by whose wickednesse it commeth to passe that the good graces of God oftentimes fall to the ground , and the children of God fare the worse for them : and thus we see that many doe not so much fell as change their sinnes . But it must be otherwise with vs , if we meane to obtaine this treasure , we must so part with corrupt religion , that we admit no false sects and heresies : we must so giue ouer wickednesse and corrupt manners , that from hence forwards we returne not vnto them , and we must , as the Scripture requireth , forsake a shew of profession of religion , and come vnto a strict practise thereof . Secondly , all sinne and not some must be forsaken , and sold of him , who will enioy this treasure , many can be content to relinquish some sinnes , but not all . Herod heard Iohn Baptist willingly , and was content to giue eare vnto him preaching repentance : for when Iohn tol● him , that it was not lawfull for him to haue his brothers wife , then he would not heare him any longer , but cast him into prison , and caused him to be beheaded . The yong man in the Gospell had sold many sins , & had many good thoughts in him , insomuch as it is said , Marke . 10. and 24. verse , that Iesus loued him : but when Christ told him , that if he would follow him he must leaue his riches , then he chused rather to depart from Christ than from his riches . Ananias and Saphira , Acts. 5. had many good things in them , so that they sold their possessions and laid part of the price thereof at the Apostles feete : but dissembling with the Apostles , & distrusting the prouidence of God , they kept back some part of the price of their possessions , wherfore through the ministerie of Peter they both were presently depriued of their liues . Iudas also ( no doubt ) had many good things in him , otherwise Christ would not haue made him an Apostle , neither could it be but that hearing Christ so long he should reape some commoditie thereby , but yet he did secretly inueigle the goods of the Church , and did purchase vnto himselfe not this field wherein the treasure was , but ( as it is said of him ) a field of blood . And thus we see that there is a partiall and not a totall forsaking of sinnes in men . But such men must know , that they haue not done enough to obtaine this treasure , in leauing some faults and holding some . For it is true which the Apostle Iames saith , 2. and 10 verse , Whosoeuer shall keepe the whole law , and yet faileth in one point , he is guiltie of all . This the Apostle prooueth by an example , as if a man haue respect of persons , then he is vnmercifull towards him whom he regardeth not . Now vnmercifulnesse is referred vnto murther , and he that said , Thou shalt not commit adulterie , said also , Thou shalt not kill ; now though thou doest not commit adulterie , yet if thou killest thou art a transgressor of the law . They therfore which make an outward shew of Religion , but still keepe sinne in their hearts , such must know that if they keepe sinne in part , they shall leese grace in whole : wherefore our sinnes must be left , not some but all , not partially , but totally . Thirdly , men must sell sinne at once , and for euer , and not for a moment , or a short time . And herein we may easily see that many men haue rather left sinne for a season , than throughly repented them thereof ; and therefore it commeth to passe with them that they doe returne with the dogge vnto the vomit , and with the sow which was washed vnto the wallowing in the mire . Now if any man aske what the reason is , that some men after that they haue escaped the filthinesse of the world , are yet againe entangled therein : I answere , because such men neuer came vnto a sound griefe for their sinnes . And hence it is , that many being renewed and endued with some gifts of grace , yet being defiled with inward pride and lust of the heart , and not labouring with might and maine to be deliuered thereof , become much worse than they were before . The repentance of many who haue beene Papists , Atheists , and whose liues haue beene stained with fornication , hurts of their brethren , or some other grosse faults , is onely that they haue left those sinnes , but such men neuer attaining vnto true remorse for their sins , fall therefore into them againe , or into worse if it be possible : to whom the Apostle Iames chapt . 4. saith , Clense your hands you sinners , and purge your hearts , you wauering minded , suffer afflictions , and sorrow and weepe , let your laughter be turned into mourning , and your ioy into heauinesse . Where the Apostle sheweth , that it is not enough for man hauing offended ( with the harlots hauing done amisse ) to wipe their mouthes , & to come vnto the Church , but they hauing displeased the Lord must weepe , & mourne , vntill they come to sound griefe , and such as is answerable to the measure of their sinnes . For grieuous sinnes must be repented of with great griefe , euen as sore diseases must be cured with sharpe medicines . And as it is in Zacharie the twelfth , Men must mourne for their sinnes as one mourneth for his onely sonne , and be sorie for them as one is sorie for the death of his first borne . There must be in them a great mourning , as the mourning of Hadadrimmon in the valley of Megiddon for the death of the good King Iosias : Euen so must men mourne because they haue pierced Christ through with their sinnes , & wounded him with their abominations . And men must know that a few drie teares , when they haue offended , are not sufficient repentance , or sacrifice to God , but they must rent their hearts and be heartily sorie and turne vnto the Lord : Now many are so stricken with the sense and feeling of their sinnes , that thereby they are moued to confesse and lay open their wickednesse in such sort , as a man would thinke them to be such as for euer afterwards would stand in feare to offend the Lord any more : but these after that they haue receiued some comfort by the word , of their sinnes , and haue seene that their sinnes are pardonable , not distinguishing between these two , that it is one thing to haue their sinnes remissible , and another thing to assure themselues that they are remitted : After ( I say ) this comfort receiued by the preaching of the word , they labouring no further to be renewed and throughly reformed , although they had some sorrow for a season , yet because they did not search themselues more narrowly , and endeuour to purge themselues as well from inward sinne , as from outward , and to be wholy transfigured and transformed into a new holie , and righteous life ▪ therefore it commeth to passe , that the loue of righteousnesse departeth from them , and they returne againe to their old by as , and are become praies for Iesuites , and massing Priests , such is their prophanenesse . And this is because they rested onely in the vniuersall promises of God , which although they bee all most true and comfortable , yet they can minister no true comfort and consolation vnto mans soule , except hee make a particular application thereof vnto himselfe . Lastly , some there be who would faine seeme to the appearance of the Church to haue forsaken and sold their sinnes , and to haue made a full and perfect reformation of their former liues euilly spent , which notwithstanding harbour and nourish sinnes in their hearts , which afterward will breake foorth , and discouer their hypocrisie : and this they doe because they were but a little enlightened with the flash of the holy Ghost , and were not throughly reformed inwardly , which is euident in this , that they couet to approoue themselues more before men than before God , nourishing in their hearts secret selfe-loue , as in shewing themselues zealous vntill they come to preferment , or to this end that many perceiuing their zeale may flocke after them , to heare them , & so they may procure themselues fame : whom so soone as Sathan beginneth a little to buffet them , they fall away and shew that they had sold sinne but for a season . This is contrarie vnto that course which the true ministers of God , and those which feare him aright ought to take , for it is their dutie to seeke the praise of God and not of themselues , to couet the profit of the people of God , and not their owne priuate lucre , knowing this that they serue not men , but God , and that they must professe religion religiously , setting before their eyes the praise of God , the crowne of immortall glorie , the saluation of soules , and the acceptation of their labour before God. And all men must desire rather to be religious than to seeme so , giuing themselues to the exercises of priuate praier , reading , fasting , to priuate admonition , conference , and other priuate duties , at such time , and in such place , when and where they neede not to boast of any thing done , seeing it is done in secret , which who so doth , let him assure himselfe that there is nothing so secret , but it shall be reuealed , whether it be good or euill . If we doe this , then shall we not be in the number of those which beginning in the spirit , end in the flesh ; or of those which serue God for a season , and in the end fall away from him , and his seruice . Doublesse it is a strange thing to see some who haue bin themselues a light vnto others , so now to shrinke from Gods truth , as that they should become Papists , or of the Familie of loue , or of some other heresie . The cause of this is , because their inward stuffe was corrupt , and not fullie cured by effectuall repentance . And thus much of grosse sinnes . Now of the infirmities of nature which remaine euer in the best , this inward corruption must be sold also : for it is not enough to leaue outward and grosse sinnes , except also we beate downe the inward corruption of our owne nature : and although we cānot altogether blot out this our naturall corruption , yet the righteousnesse of Christ may be so resident and dwell in vs , that it shall not onely keepe vs from grosse outward outrages and offences , but also will holde downe & keepe short our naturall corruptions , neither must we thinke it enough to sell the fruites of our corrupt nature , but we must also sell the corruption it selfe : for as we see , so long as the tree remaineth , there will alwaies spring foorth some buds ; euen so of the children of God , so long as the corruption of the nature raigneth in them , so long do they burst out into some offences or other : but most men make either little or no conscience at all of these little faults ; but it must be otherwise with vs , or else we cannot but displease God greatly . For as a riuer drieth vp vnto the fountaine , yet if we doe rest from all emptying of it , it will encrease againe : So except the children of God doe keepe downe their naturall corruption , although they offend not as the reprobate and wicked , in monstrous sinnes against God , yet they cannot but haue great downfals . Wherefore we must not with the woman , whereof the Poet speaketh , see , and behold good and lawfull things , and follow that which is euill ; neither must we be as the Philosophers , whose reason fighteth with their appetite , but we must fight both with reason and appetite , we must be as new creatures borne againe , and we must be more willing to endure all shame and reproches , than to fall and offend to the dishonour of God. Being grieued that we see our selues ready to displease the Lord. The Apostle Paul , Rom. 7. saith of himselfe . I see another Law in my members rebelling against the Law of my minde , and leading me captiue vnto the Law of sinne which is in my members . Heere the Apostle sheweth his captiuitie vnto sinne , by reason of his inward corruption , now when men are in imprisonment or captiuitie , then they are fed with the bread of aduersitie and affliction , and therefore the Apostle viewing the miserie wherein he was by nature , in the type of a true regenerate man saith , O wretched man that I am , who shall deliuer me from the body of this death ? Here he crieth out against himselfe from the truth of his heart , as he findeth himselfe corrupt within , euen so must the children of God doe , and they must make a conscience to keepe downe their corruption , or else that filthy fountaine will grow vp still , and they shall see that it will so worke with them , that euen ( if Sathan were away and should doe nothing ) it would pull and draw them from God , except they do suppresse it , and continually meditate vpon it . This is painefull vnto the wicked , but very ioyfull and pleasant vnto the children of God , when they shall sell all their sinnes for euer , for the more of them they sell , the more sweet and comfortable it will be vnto them . Besides this , we haue an aduersarie within vs , euen the pricke of the flesh , the messenger of Sathan , for so the Apostle witnesseth of himselfe . 2. Cor. 12. 7. Least I should be exalted out of measure through the aboundance of our reuelations , there was giuen vnto mee a pricke in the flesh , the messenger of Sathan , to buffet mee , because I should not be exalted out of measure . Who or what man was more in taking paines than the Apostle Paul ? Who went through more perils for the testimonie of Christs truth ? Who was more zealous in aduancing the Gospell of Christ Iesus ? Could not all the Apostles watchings , all his fastings , his dangers , his continuall prayers : finally could not all his giftes and graces which were in him aboundantly beate downe and cure this pride and arrogancie of the spirit in him ? Who therefore , or what are we that thinke we can get so easily a victorie of sinne , seeing the Apostle , who was carried vp to the third heauen cannot doe it . When all other sinnes are ended in a man , and when he thinketh himselfe safe from sinne , then commeth pride , for it ariseth of well doing , and therefore the Apostle saide that the pricke of the flesh did buffet and boxe him . Where hee sheweth that this sinne was so grieuous vnto his soule , that hee fought against sinne and Sathan , euen as Christ did fight against him , when after he was baptised he was tempted of him : Euen so it commeth to passe with the children of God , when they are deliuered as it were wholy from sinne , and thinke themselues most farre off from offending God , then Sathan commeth like an Angell of light , seeking by this meanes to deceiue them , that in well doing they should please themselues ouermuch , and so displease God ; wherefore the vertue of God must appeare in our infirmities . For as the Apostle saith , Gods power is made perfect through weakenesse : and therefore when any temptation shall happen vnto vs , we are to beware that we neither make a light account of them , neither be too much afraide of them , for as it is with the bodily enemie , so is it likewise with the spirituall : if thou be carelesse , then thine aduersary setteth vpon thee at vnawares ; if too fearefull , then he ouer commeth thee at the first assault : euen so is it with Sathan , if thou be secure and passe not for him , then he suddenly taketh thee napping , if thou be ouer feareful ; then likewise he seeketh thy destruction . Wherfore take good heed vnto Sathan , & see that thou make not too light account of his temptations , but still consider with thy selfe , that the diuell is euer knocking at the doore , readie if thou haue but one euill thought to enter into thee . Wherefore beware least by reason of thy securitie the diuell do enter into thee , be humble in thy soule , as it becommeth the child of God ; on the other side feare him not too much , but knowe that God , Christ Iesus , the holy Ghost , and the Angels in heauen , and all the Saints of God in earth will take thy part against him . THE ELEVENTH SERMON , PREACHED BY MAISTER RICHARD GREENHAM , as followeth . EPHES. 6. vers . 10. 11. 12. 10 Finally , my b●●th●●● , be strong in the Lord , and in the power of his might . 11 Put on the whole armour of God , that yee may bee able to stand against the assaults of the diuell . 22 For we wrestle not against fleshe and blood , but against principalities , against powers , and against the worldly gouernours , the princes of the darkenes of this world , against spirituall wickednesses , which are in the hie places . AFfter the Apostle had vsed generall doctrine , and in forced thereupon particular exhortations , hee returneth from his specials to generall exhortation● againe , as wee may see in these verses , wherein ●ee exhorteth them to stand strongly , and therefore putteth them in m●●●e of armour , without the which they must needes lye o●●n to their aduersaries . The perill whereof is so much the greater , by how much their aduersaries were the sorer , and for that cause the Apostle falles into the description of them , with whom they must encounter . Afterward the seuerall peeces and parts of our defence are set downe , &c. More plainly these things are worthie to bee noted ▪ The exhortation it selfe in these wordes , Bee strong in the Lord. Secondly , the way how to stand , by putting on the armour of God. Thirdly , the reason , which is , For wee wrestle not with flesh and blood alone , &c. Lastly , a description of the weapons and armour it selfe . Finally , that is to conclude , or what remaineth , or , take this the conclusion and corollarie of al , that you must not thinke it a small thing to professe Christ his Gospell , as some doe ; neither yet on the other side must ●e be discouraged at the difficulties of the professio , but as on the one side you must still thinke of a battel , and not dreame of peace ; so you must know , that the Lord will harnesse you euen with his owne coate armour thereunto . Thus he noteth with two extremities incident to Christians , that is , that either they forget that they are in a warfare by securitie and presumption , and thinke it to be lesse than it is , or else they are too much dismaid at the first view of it , and so desperatly yeeld ere they fight . But doe any here marueile , that Paul should speake thus to Gods children and well approued Christians ? To them I answer , that besides other miserable experiēce of latter times & present time which doth declare it too openly , Dauid a deare child of God , & Peter a professed & an approued Christian , will sufficiently teach them in this point . One would little thinke Dauid had had an adulterous heart or bloodie hand : if one should haue told Peter , that he would haue ●orsworne his soueraigne Sauiour , it had been a matter of quarrell . But seeing Dauid in the conflict shrunke , and Peter in the triall failed , let vs beware we be not daring Dauids , nor prowd Peters , speaking further then we try our hearts . No doubt of it Peter spake simply and as he thought , yet he saw not what he thought , he knew not his owne heart . It is another thing , as Gods children can well tell vs , to haue a general knowledge of our strength , and another thing to haue a particular feeling of it : let vs thereupon still remember that heauenly apophthegme , Who so will followe Christ , must for sake himselfe . Now if Satan finde vs wisely and warily catechized in this point , then he turnes another leafe , and works ou● desperation . Then he shewes the difficulties of godlines , our weakenes , and the number of our hinderances , to bring vs to be discouraged ; but this is the more rare euill . Thus Satan finding another corruption , vseth another course with vs , if he cannot make vs easie Christians , he will make vs heauie Christiās . To raise vp such faint hearts the Apostle cries , Be strong ; and least any man should replie of his owne want of strength , Paul shewes what and whose strength he meanes , namely Gods strength , and in the power of his strength this strength is required , when wee see it is not good fighting with Satan in his owne armour , he is a sophister , dispute not with him in his owne logique ; he is an oratour , beware of his eloquence ; he is a Prince , take heede of his power . As Satan in his owne cause must vse his owne strength , so wee in the Lords cause are to trust to the Lords strength . This doctrine requires rather meditation than declaration , conscience than knowledge to be made of it . Now to shew how we must be strong , it is added , Put on the whole armour of God , &c. It is a pleasant and profitable comparison here vsed , to shewe the estate of Christians . As silly souldiers going into the camp cannot hope for any good issue if they bee naked and vnarmed ; so we , if in our daily conflicts we remaine vnfenced , cannot thinke of any better end than to be ouercōmed . But three things here offer thēselues First , it must be God his armour . Secondly , it must be a whole armour . Thirdly it must be put on . There are some in the pride of their wit , and opinion of their learning and policie , that maruell that silly soules lye so weakely vnder Satans hand . But alas if one temptation shake them , if one wound of conscience bruise them , they see no learning but learning from heauen , no wisedome , but the wisedome of the spirit can helpe them ; Satan will ouercome them in his owne armour , and Gods cause is defended with his owne strength . Now that we must put on all it is plaine ; for as he were worthy to be counted a foole , that with one peece , or with a few would venture into the battel , seeing the enemie strikes rather at one part not fenced than at all the other couered ; so what were it to haue one grace of God , what to leaue one sinne , what to see one want , what to hate one corruption , and yet to lye open in a great many ? Lastly , wee must put on our harnesse . Admit a man had his armorie neuer so well stored , and his weapons neuer so tried , if either he cannot put on his armour , or being armed , wants skill to vse it , what doth it profite when the enemie knocks at his gate●so if I haue neuer so good things , if either in temptation I knowe not how to vse them , or to deale in them , how shall I stand at Satans assaults ? This courage must be neither meane nor in our selues , but in God , and in the power of God , and in the might of his power . And to adde to the former examples moe , consider how Noah presuming proued weake ; how Ezekiah after many distresses not suspecting himselfe did fal , for the Lord leauing him he was vaineglorious euen before Gods enemies . So far haue euen Gods seruāts bene deceiued in an opiniō of their strength , not that they were grosse hypocrites , but that they saw not the corruption of their owne hearts , and therefore when they came to handy strokes , they were foyled . No doubt Peter , as we said , & the other Apostles were not purposed to deceiue mens eyes , yet they fell . Who then are we hauing no such strength , if the Lord let vs see our weakenes by withdrawing his spirit from vs ? why should we thinke well of our selues ? Late & lamentable memorie shewes , that many old Gospel●ers are now cold professors , some being heretikes , some Epicures , some worldlings . No little charge , nor slender burthen is Christianitie then , for many seeke the straight way , and cannot get in , many either in practise or otherwise being plainely Atheists . And surely hereof it must teach vs , that Gods Saints in tentation and acculation are so faire to seeke for wisedome & strength , as we are to learne wisedome by other inēs harmes , least in trouble we be such as falter in affliction . Heere our Sauiour Christ his admonition commeth in speede , that if we will come to him , we must goe out of our selues , and thinke no wi● , wisedome , reason , or strēgth to stand on temptation if the Lord keepe vs not . We are as in building , so in battell . for the building we must prouide stuffe enough ; for the battell we must prouide sufficient furniture , we are to cast our costs before , wee must recken our reuenewes , and take accompt of our armory , and consult of our ability , because of Christianitie bee building and warring together , we must prouide both trowell and sword together , least finding hard tempests we retire and reco●le with shame . And what makes vs so secure , but that we thinke that Christian profession is but a sleight ? And to goe further , why comes it to pas●e , that oft disputing Preachers in conflicts are confounded , and most couragious ch●me subtill ▪ o●● t●e vile●t dastards , but from hence , that they trust in themselues ? But ô mali● of the ●n , ô corruption of natur●● if thou , Satan , canst not make vs ●o presume , thou wilt ●xtremit● to despaire ; ô vile nature , thy preiuming is the way to despairing . And to soeake of this latter extremitie , which is the lesse curable euill , if Satan meete with vs as hauing a ●ight of our weakenes , sure he will bring vs to despaire . It is a sure temptation to hindere●●h●e●● ( which ●eli●f●●n perfection is as hard as to fulfill the lawe ) and it is Satans practise , ●he once see vs downe , he will keepe vs downe , & answer all our wants . If we say we haue no wisedome , he will confirme it , ●●y he will make vs to despaire not only of our wisedome , but of Gods wisedome in vs. But remember that that which is not in vs , is in Christ. Remember Gods strength must be seene in our weakenes N●cessarie then was this reduplication of Paul concerning the strength and might of God. In tentation we say , we are strongly tempted ; Paul saith , the Lord will strong●● help vs. But here note a difference betweene the exhortations legall and euangelicall . The exhortations of the law kill , the exhortations of the Gospell quicken . For he that thinks he should doe good as he should doe it , and leaue sinne as he ought to doe , shall finde corruption in euery thing . Hereof it comes to passe , that many say , I see nothing in prayer and in all g●od things but hypocrisie . It is well , thou thoughtest thy selfe liuing , but thou art dead . But to ●●●●● to the difference spoken of , the exhortations of the l●w do bind vs on paine of death , the exhortatios of the Gospell commands that which Christ is readie to giue vs , and it chargeth vs not so much to do it , but to beleeue that Christ by his blessed spirit will worke euery good thing in vs. For the Gospell being the Ministerie of ●●fe giueth life , and strength from aboue , when we are dead & weake . The not discerning of this difference makes many good precepts fall to the ground . The lawe indeede reueales sinne , but the Gospell cures sinne , the law woundeth , and so must it do ; but the Gospell healeth vs , which the law can neuer doe . Hitherto wee haue heard thus much , first wee must prouide that wee fight in Gods harnesse , not with Satans weapons , whether they be wit , reason , policie , education or such like . We fight against a Prince and principalitie , who wants not wit , knowledge , ciuill gifts , or any such things , which things haue beene geuen euen vnto the heathen , for they were wise and learned men , yet many of them lay in great sinnes , in idolatry , some fearefully ended their liues . Let not Christians then say , haue I not wit , reason , and education beseeming a man ? Well , so did the Philosophers and Poets , and yet behold their fruits , behold their ends : but let vs deny reason , and withstand wit , for it will surely fa●le in the houre of death , and in the houre of temptation . No gift of nature , no gift of bringing vp can withstand Satan or sinne , vnlesse from heauen God change vs Neither is this the sinne only of the vnregenerate , but in the regenerate , who still sliding to reason or ouerweying of God his power are foiled ; and therefore we see many ouercome , who purpose to withstand , yet striuing in their owne wisedome they are spoyled , be their purpose neuer so great . Many will say , why this is a monstrous temptation , I will neuer yeelde to this , yet they fall . This we shall see both in temptations and accusations , when ●●en striue and dispute with reason with so subtill a sophister : so the more they striue , the more they are intangled , for they want strength to fight with the strong man , who will not be subdued vnlesse we put on the armour of the stronger man , which is Christ Iesus ; which armour is afterward set downe . Neither is it enough to haue a peece of harnesse , but we must haue all the whole armour , for what is it to couer the head if the breast be bare ? what if the armes be armed when the back is vnharnesse● ? we cannot auoid the darts which come against euery place . So we must not haue one grace and want another ; for then Satan comes in the open place , who obserues whether we want a head-peece , ● gauntlet , a brest plate , or whatsoeuer : wherefore we must thinke that Satan as a politique souldier lookes not so much to the armed part , as to the naked part . If he seeth vs afraid of him , the●● will he tempt vs to dispaire ; if we will not be pearced with vncleannes , then he will shake 〈…〉 s with couetousnes . If he sees vs pettish and vnarmed with loue , then Satan wil tempt v 〈…〉 o anger . Alas it is our weake nature to reserue one sinne or other , & it giues Satan aduantage ; we ●e Heroa●an courtiers and Christians , we are halfe perswaded with Agrippa to be Christiās , but we must throughly be harnessed , least as a dead flye corrupteth much good oyn 〈…〉 h one sinne we defile many graces . Euery one hath his familiar sinne , which 〈…〉 ur to espie as an aduersarie , and to fight against as an enemie , whether it bee pl 〈…〉 r , couetousnes , or such like . Whereas then thou seest some graces , yet be hu 〈…〉 hose , which especially are wanting to thee ; and wherein thou art most vnarmed , then pray , & labour for more helpe by grace in Christ Iesus . But what if we haue good armour and all armour ? yet without vse of it we may be strangled in our armour . What if wee 〈…〉 good graces , and all graces ? yet without experience and vse of them our soules may 〈…〉 urthered in the midst of them . Many may come to the assemblies and heare , ye 〈…〉 ey either faile in knowledge , or in practise of it . And sure such is a man as he is in temptation . What is it to haue many precepts against anger , & yet be ouercome of anger ▪ What is it to haue rules against couetousnes , & to see the issue of it , & yet to be a couetous man ? Let vs know , that it is one thing to learne to fight against Satan , and another to fight against men . In materiall cōflicts there is some time of truce , but with Satan there is no truce with vs but for his aduantage ; for him we must be armed as well in the night as in the day : in outward battels winters make warre to cease , we haue no quietnes neither in summer nor in winter . That yee may bee able to withstand . The Apostle describes our enemies . If wee had to deale but with our selues , or with men like to our selues , or with the world , wee had neede of God his power ; but seeing beside all these wee are to deale with all the hellish armie , much more we neede this : we are not only to fight against the flesh and the world , but against the diuels : neither must we thinke that Paul denieth in this place that wee should fight with our owne corruption , but he sheweth we fight not only with ourselues and with the world , but with Satan too , and so that we neede more armour . By two things hee describes our enemies , by their might , and subtiltie . For their might he cals them principalities and powers . This title is giuen to the diuels , Rom. 8. Colloss . 1. Indeede these names are giuē to the good Angels , as Ephes. 1. Hebr. 1. so that looke what titles are giuē to the good Angels , are giuen to the wicked spirits , which , except sanctification , are equall in gifts to the good Angels ; for though these spirits haue lost their goodnes , yet haue they not lost their strength and wisedome . They be worldly gouernours . God be blessed their gouernment reacheth not to heauen , but to the world , yea of the darknes of the world . Thus he distinguisheth of the world as it is by creation , and so God is the prince of it , and as it is now by corruption , and so the Diuell is the god of the world . This teacheth vs , whē Satan shall preuaile , euen ouer men liuing in ignorance and vngodlines . The world was made good by creation , but degenerated to euill by corruption . Well we see the diuell is called the prince of the world , and he saith of himselfe that all is his . It is not so by creation , but be the righteous iudgement of God all is in his hands to punish our sins , or try our faith . It followes to speake of his subtiltie in these words , Against ambushments , &c. Euen as ambushments are vsed priuily to vndermine the enemy , so by wiles Satan goeth about to trap vs. But this is larger said , against spirituall wickednesses . If one could see the enemie , he might be preuented , but wee cannot see the operations of the diuell , because hee is spirituall , and therefore we neither can by sense nor by reason discerne him ; so that hee is not only a layer of ambushments , but of spirituall ambushment . Yet note , though they be spirituall , yet not in goodnes but in wickednes . In heauenly things . Though Satan be the prince of the aire , yet here it is meant that he fighteth against men in heauēly knowledge . By creation they had much good knowledge , their goodnes they haue lost , their knowledge is retained . Againe Paul saith , there is a mysterie of iniquitie , shewing , that as there is a mysterie of godlines , so there is a mistery of wickednes ; and therefore Satan is said to change himselfe into an Angell of light ; which is , because he will come in good things , in knowledge , in spirituall exercises , and falsely and wickedly glose on them by that great practise and experience , which from their first fall they haue learned . Thus Satan comes euen in good things . Worldly wise men distinguishing , whether the enemie by strength or by subtiltie doth most ●●rt , conclude , that the subtill enemie is most dangerous . Alas , we are in euill case then , h●●ing to doe with enemies not only strong , but subtill : it were enough to deale with an enemie hauing but one of these qualities , but we fight with thē that haue both , that is , both strength & subtilty ; so that we know not whether they are more strong , or more subtill . ●wo vses there are of this doctrine . One is , we must not make it a slight matter of the e●●●ie . The other is , that we be not too much afraid . Both these are dangerous extremitie● ▪ Some vile heretikes deny there is a God , or a diuell , or that the diuell is so strong and sub●●l as he is . Indeed men will not speake thus , but they shew it by their peace in themselues in their liues , which sheweth , that men do not belieue there is a battell . For we see wee are now at peace , and why ? because there are no enemies . But were it so that the enemies were in the field , would wee not feare ? Did we belieue that Satan could sit in our consciences , deluding iudgement and vnderstanding , and casting a myst on reason , would wee ●●●t be more jealous of reason ? would we not be more fearefull of our selues ? yes surely . Let vs then consider , that besides our selues which were enough , Satan addes both corruption to iudgement and affection . And herein specially Satan shewes himselfe a subtill Apostata , in that hee cares not whether we be sound in iudgement and corrupt in life , or carefull in life , and corrupted in Religion , so we may be one . Hereof it comes , that heretiques are precise in life , and good Christians are so carelesse in conuersation : so either he gathers false conclusions on good principles , or else glorious sequeles of rottē premisses . To go back to the plaine sense of these men , the meaning is not , that we fight not with flesh and bloud at all , but wee chiefely or onely fight not with flesh and bloud . The like speech is in the word , as , Thy name shall not be Iacob , but Israel , that is , Iacob only . Againe , in the Epistle it is saide , The word is not in word , but in power , that is , the Gospell is not chiefely in word , or only in the word . Againe , Rom. 7. & Galat. 5. it is plaine , we fight with flesh and bloud . And Iohn 15. wee fight against the world . Wherefore seeing we fight not against our selues onely , but against such aduersaries as whet vp our selues against our selues ; and therefore we stand in neede of all the armour that may be , which wee shall see to be more requisite , if wee consider that it were enough to fight with an aduersarie either strong or wise ; but seeing we conflict with them , who for strength and subtiltie too are equall with the good Angels . For their power these aduersaries are called Powers , as Coloss. 2. Rom 8. So are the good Angels Powers , as Ephes. 2. Heb. 1. Herein the euill spirits differ from the heauenly spirits , in that these are from heauen , & for the good of the Church : those are gouernours of the world , that is , of the corrupt estate of the world ; so that their whole power is against the children of the world . Satan may strike the children of the best , but slay them hee can not . CHRIST calleth Satan the Prince of the world , and Paul calleth him the god of the world ; Christ calleth him a strong armed souldier or giant : yet God be blessed all his strength is in the world . Well then , be he more fearfull to vs then Goliah to the army of Israel ; be it that he be as a roaring Lyon , at whose voyce all the silly beasts stand trembling ; be it that hee so astonish & terrifie our conscience , that we know not what to thinke or to speake : yet all is to the terrour of the wicked . But behold , besides his strength , Satan is spirituall , inuisible , not to be discerned , and therefore more dangerous , in that wee can not preuent him nor his temptations , being aboue nature and aboue reason , cannot be descried , vnlesse aboue nature and reason we be either very well taught of the Diuell , or of God. To this vnsearchable nature hee is occupied in heauenly things , but as a spirituall wickednes , not goodnes . To shew how hee is spirituall , we see in this , in that he is an Angell of light , he tempted Christ with scripture , he set the Pharises in diuelish wisedome against Christ , he subornes false heretikes ; yea , his subtilties shal be such , by Christ his owne testimonie , that euen the elect , if it were possible , should be deceiued . And Paul speaking but of the childe of Satan the Antichrist , reports , that hee shall be mightie in power , in miracles , &c. Only this is our comfort , that this wisedome is but wickednes , which is the only thing wherein they be distinguished from the good Angels , with whome in wisedome and strength Satan is equall . Here ought wee to blush , in that wee desire rather learning , wisedome , and power , wherein Satan and wicked men haue not only bene equall to vs , but aboue vs , and we lesse desire goodnes , wherein we are like to God , to good Angels , and the children of God. For this may be a speciall marke that wee belong to God , when wee rather desire goodnes than those other qualities wherein we are equall but to the Deuill . Be we neuer so learned , he is more learned , be we neuer so strong , he is stronger . For is not he mightie in power that can so trouble the aire , as he did to Iob , and as oft as he doth in that boysterous manner , that no naturall Philosopher can giue a reason of it ? In Exodus wee know that the Lord vsed euill Angels to trouble the Seas . Psal. 78. the Lord is said to send euill Angels to trouble thē . And as godlines is a mysterie , so there is a mystery of iniquity , and the Lord sending an effectuall illusion , ( 2. Thess. 1. ) on thē that receiued not the word in loue , is said to do it by the operation of Satan ; so that though the Lord be the supreme worker , yet Satan is the instrument . What shall we say of the rage of sinne in these dayes ? what shall we say how Satan daily bewitcheth vs in Paganisme , Atheisme , Macheuillisme , Anabaptisme , & c ? Is not all this sufficient to proue , that Satan taking vp the wisest men of the world to his seruice is a spirituall wickednes ? Whereof comes it that sodainely a poore man becomes a cunning Artist ? or that an ignorant man presently should speake with diuers tongues ? or that silly soules should be subtill disputers ? What is it that sinne is now adayes so subtilly , so closely , so wittily dispatched ? Why doe men to maintaine Papisme forgoe all their goods , suffer their bodies to be whipped ? Doe not all these proue , that Satan is a spirituall wickednes ? Againe , if we looke to the height and shamelesnes of sinne , to see how men prostitute thēselues to sinne , we must say Satan hath bene mighty , powerfull in deluding mens minds , in hardening mens hearts , so that no word can pierce them : therefore it is , that Paul saith men are blinded in their minds ; therfore Paul would haue vs to tolerate and suffer such as Satan doth hold in chaines , 2. Tim. 2. Here let vs see a difference of the sinnes of the godly and vngodly . The wicked rage and deuise platformes ; the godly for a time may be vnder Satan . 2. Timoth 2. but they sinne of infirmitie , not of wilfull selling themselues to sinne . So great a cause of thankfulnes we haue , that we are not raging in hellish sinnes , in that we are simple , & bunger like sinners . Besides , the godly are sillie , the wicked subtill in sinne . So great a cause of thankefulnes we haue , that Christ the stronger man hath ouercommed . The Diuell hath power , but by derination , he hath a strength , but by limitation , he hath force , but in darkenes . So great a cause of thankfulnes we haue , seeing Christ hath wisdome enough in God to ouercome the wisdome of Satan in euill . Thogh then Satan be strong , yet none is greater then the Father , none mightier then Christ , who hath captiuated Satan vnder his feet . So great a cause haue we to be thankfull , that Christ will not only in his presence himselfe , but in vs by his power also he ouercommeth . A further vse of this is to trie when our tēptations come of the natural corruption , or of Satans malice . To this we answere , that as our enemies are described by power & policie ; so when temptations come so strongly and s●ily , that it is aboue reason , then the aduersarie abuseth our weaknes , our owne tēptations come more remissely & easily : but whē these temptations hale vs more violētly , then we fight not with flesh alone , but with spiritual aduersaries . In the book of Exod. mētion is made of a spirit of jealozie , which is more then natural jealozie . In the booke of Iudges , an euill spirit was betweene Abimelech , & the Sechemites , which was more then frailtie of the flesh . In the Gospell mention is made of an vnclean spirit returning with 7. spirits more ; so that the pulling of our affection is of Satan , as Christ said of Satans operation to Peter , that Satan sought to sift him and to deale with him : and indeede Satan did so daunt and circumuent him , that he spake he knew not what ; so that this fell not onely on the wicked , but on the godly : as Satan so bewitched Dauid in vnderstanding , that hee made him to number his people . Hereof it is that we pray not to be led into temptation , because though I am well purposed , yet so many vaine reasons rage in vs , and forcibly drawe vs another way , that wee may see somewhat more than nature . Likewise when we shall without any obiect bee carried away with some affection so strongly , that though our life lay on it , we cannot containe our selues . When Paul , Ephes 5 biddeth vs be angrie without sinne , hee sheweth , that there is a naturall affection without sinne : but because our affections are without rule and mixed with sinne , hee saith , i● so doing wee giue place to the diuell . So that there is a great difference betweene a naturall anger , and a carnall sinfull anger , which besides the instinct of nature is wrought by Satan . And therfore as it is good to stop the first breaches in bankes for feare of further danger ; so it is good to murther the first motions of sinne by the word , prayer , fasting , and admoni●ion , least giuing the sway to our affections they ouerrunne and ouerflow vs throughly , and so we are carried to strange and furious sinnes . Wherefore first we are to be thankfull , that we may know how to preuent sinne ( for wee may soone let in a guest which wee cannot well let out againe ) and we must labour to represse such raging euils . Yet another vse of this doctrine is , that wee must thinke , how oft wee deale with more than with men , when wee deale with heretikes , or with angrie bloodie men , who often are stirred vp by Satan , so that they spoyle themselues and others . The ignorance of this doctrine breedes ielousies , repinings , and malice , that when we thinke to reuenge others wee reuenge our selues This is now without cause : now if we haue a iust cause , yet for want of loue , wisedome and humilitie , we spoile our good cause , harden our aduersaries , and hurt our selues . Wee must not resist policie with policie , nor requite euill with euill , but in wisedome be long suffering , pardoning man , as we would bee pardoned of God. For this cause fight . He bids vs not to make truce with our enemie , though our enemie bee strong and subtill , yet fighting vnder Christ wee are to stand fast ; Christ hath subdued for vs , and he will subdue for vs Still wee must remember to resist with Gods harnesse , which as surely exceede Satans harnesse , as heauen excels earth or hell . For want of this armour wee see wise and ciuill honest men fall into horrible sinnes . For want of this armour come such disputes with Satan , which simple soules vse , not being able to discerne which is the true armour . For want of this armour greene Christians , and troubled consciences looking for their owne armour rather than the armour of God , inwrap themselues in most dangerous labyrinths . Now our armour must bee complete : some haue a good heart but not a good life ; some haue a good life but not ●uch ; some faith in part : this comes of want of knowledge , if they know the word , they pray not ; some pray , but not with continuance . To come to the armour , marke , it was said , Put on ; now it is said , Take the armour . Wee see that here is no truce with vs and Satan , as in ciuill warres , but we must continually say as Iehu to I●sabel , What peace my soule with Satan ? We must not be secure Laish , or carelesse Babylonians , least that wee be preuented of the enemie . It is good to see sinne rather by experience particular in our selues , than for general knowledge in others . Aske our iudgement for a sinne in another man , and wee can point out euery part of it ; lay this sinne to our selues , and we can say nothing . So that we see it is easie to know sinne , but it is hard to feele the practise against it . Let vs not then let the harnesse hang on the wal , but let vs put it on . Here marke one thing , that it is a policie of the diuell to perswade vs there is no diuell , as it is the policie of wizards to perswade vs that there are no witches . And so as hee comes at the first as a sillie Serpent , whilest he would creepe in , but after hee prooues a roring Lion , when he is once entred : yet let vs beware wee feare not too much , for that emboldeneth the enemie . For as man feareth man keeping courage , and is pursued without courage , nay as bruite beasts are bolder by seeing one which feareth them ; so the diuell is the bolder , if hee seeth vs afraide of them . And besides that feare drieth vp the blood and weakeneth nature , it doth also depriue vs of faith in God his prouidence , which doth assure vs that Satans power is all by de●iuation and limitation ; it cannot touch the bodie without permission , much lesse the soule : which is manifest , for that witches though they preuaile in pettie and little things , yet when they come to great points , they can doe nothing . So singular a presaruatiue to the godly is the prouidence of God , as the Vn●cornes horne to the inferiour beasts . But we wil herein strengthē our faith , that the crosse of Christ hath triumphed against Satan for the godly , Coloss ▪ 2. and therefore if hee now a●sault vs , he doth cure rather than slay vs. For as an enemy oft by Gods goodnesse thrusts his sword into an vlcer , rather to purge that which would haue bred death , than to kill : so oft God purposeth to cure vs of the impostumation of pride euen by the malice of Satan , so wonderfully can hee drawe good out of euill . The diuell brings vnrighteousnesse , wee alleage righteousnesse ; he brings terrour of conscience , we meete him with peace ; he offers vanitie , we refuse it with truth ; he comes roring , we auoide it by praying . Wherefore that proclamation must bee made here , that was in the Israelities armie , that is , that those that are feareful , returne home , and beware how they come into this conflict . And let vs oppose to the strength of Satan the strength of Christ , who being our head shepheard wil not suffer vs to miscarrie , though wee seeme to be in the wolues mouth , and that in the deepe valley of death . But what of all this harnesse ? It must be put on We shall see oft none so weake in affection , as they that haue much knowledge . Who will better declaime against anger generally than the angrie man ? Who is more seuere against wantonnes in education than a most shamelesse harlot ? Why doe men thinke others blessed being troubled in minde , and count themselues cursed being in it ? All this is because wee haue harnesse , but vse it not . In the euill day . The day of temptation is called an euill day , because the temptation is euill . Iames calleth it a good day , and that wee must reioyce in it ; and it is so in respect of God his wisedome turning it to good . So that this may bee a good day and euill day in diuers respects . Hauing finished all . Luk. 4. After Christ was tempted , the diuell went away for a season , though that temptation ceased , yet he pursued him with afflictions . And though as children of the mariage the dint and edge of temptation be blunted to vs , yet the enemie still enuieth vs. And therefore we had aboue all neede of perseuerance , no daunger like to that which is in the ende . When thou hast ouercome the popish diuell , the worldly diuell comes . Hast thou ouercome the swearing diuell , then the lying diuell comes ? Hast thou ouercome the filthie diuell , the worldly diuel comes ? Hast thou ouercome all these diuels , the proud diuels come ? That thou maist stand . This is a promise , and we shall not faile of this armour of proofe , nor of the profit of it . And so as wee are exhorted to put on the armour , so wee shall haue the fruite of it by standing , so we still pray , Da Domine , quod iubes , & iube , quod vis . Thus Christians by faith and standing fast in the euil day , must change the other euill nature of affliction into a good qualitie , still being mindfull to comfort themselues in this , that the Euangelicall exhortations giue by promise through the holy Spirit a certaine strength to doe the thing commanded , the Law leauing vs in our weakenes . Againe to the armour . Stand. We must alwaies be in a readines , and at the first call , what time of yeere , moneth , day , or night soeuer the aduersarie prouokes vs. He begins with the girdle , because in former ages as there were diuers manners of eating , sitting , or warring , so Paul here speaks of such things as were vsed thē . The girdle is not now , which was thē vsed , as we haue some armour familiar to vs , vnknowne to them , as gunnes , &c. The vse of the girlde was to gird fast the nether parts , this is Truth , which is not takē for the whole word , as Ioh. 17. but for a sincere and vpright heart , or for faithfulnes . And as we take faith either for our faithfulnes to God , or Gods faithfulnes to vs ; so truth meaneth sometime vpright dealing either from God ●o vs , or from vs to God. Truth is counted then for a true performance , as Roman . 2. The iudgements of God are with truth , that is faithfulnes . Al the waies of the Lord are mercie and truth , that is , a performāce of his mercie . Well , here it is not spoken of that truth , which is the word , but of vprightnes of heart and sinceritie . Againe , the truth of the word is after spoken of , and here can be no vaine repetition . Well , as the girdle knits all together on the bodie ; so the vprightnes of heart is the band of all vertues , and hypocrisie is as a wide or loose sacke , wherein nothing can tarrie . This vprightnes of minde is in diuers places , as Psalm . 32. Blessed is the man , who with comfort in his remission of sinnes without guile laboureth for a godly life . The same commendation is Psal. 15. and 24 and 119. This is a thing accompanied with blessednesse by Christ his owne words , Matth. 5. The Author of the Hebrues willeth him that comes to God , to come with a pure heart , the want of which integritie is reprehended in the Iewes , Iam. 4. But what of all these porches to such an house ? Surely because a true heart ●urseth all graces to the end , and the false heart dissipateth all gifts , and disgraceth such hypocrites . Psal. 125. vprightnes of heart is such a thing , that the Prophet specially prayes for such as haue it , and leaues them in God his iudgement that want it . Psal. 119. Then shall I not be confounded , when my heart is vpright , Portion 10. vers . 80. We see true hearts shall be iustified in the end , and hypocrisie shall blush in the issue . Thus we see the reward of a good heart , the reuenge of an euill heart , when we know not how to do our duties simply . The honest heart still is strugling out of sin , & commeth ; the hollow heart makes a shew of mortification , &c. but God takes away his vizard in time . For some mens sinnes goe before to iudgement , and some follow after : some mens good deeds are cleered in this life , to shew , that all weldoing shall be glorified . Iniquitie may be coloured , but not euer couered ; truth may be blamed , but not shamed . For exemplifying the Lord himselfe giues testimonie to his vprightnes . Dauid was an vpright hearted man , Saul an hypocrite ; Nathaniel had a good heart , Iudas was an hypocrite ; Iosiah , Ezekiah prepared their hearts to the worship of God , 2. Chron. 25. Amaziah did good , but not with a right heart . The people ( 2. Chron. 20. ) are said not to prepare their hearts to seeke the Lord their God : 2. Chron. 30. Ezekiah craueth mercie for them that came with an vpright heart , and God heard him : so acceptable is an vpright heart . But how shall we discerne our hearts to be vpright ? It is not by nature , Gen. 6. Iob saith , a cleanething cannot proceed from an vncleane sinne . Dauid confesseth originall hypocrisie , which is shewed Prouerb . 12. and 20. We then ( Act. 13. ) must see that our hearts are made cleane by faith . Of it selfe , aboue all , the heart of man is vnsearchable , Ierem. 17. But how comes this ? because there is a labyrinth of hypocrisie in it , there is a gulfe , and depth , and priuie discourse in it , that no man can gage but the Lord , who is said , Prouerb . 16. to be the searcher of the raines , howsoeuer our heart is hollow . This secret searching is by the Spirit of God , 2. Cor. 2. and by the word wrought vpon by the Spirit , 1. Cor. 14. Heb. 4. 12. The Spirit rebukes vs of sinne , Ioh. 13. but by the word searching the very hidden intents of the heart . Therefore as it is to no end to hide any thing from the Lord , so it bootes vs not to looke for an hiding of thoughts . For be they in loue of good , good ; or for hate of sin , or sinfull things , then God is pleased for it . If we doe good for reward , or auoide euill for shame , &c. all is wofull in the fight of the Lord , seeme mens goodnesse neuer to be so good in a mans eye . FINIS . A GODLY EXPOSITION OF THE XVI . PSALME . THE TVVELFTH SERMON . PSAS . 16. vers . 1. Preserue me , O God : for in thee doe I trust . THis Psalme containeth the acknowledging of the Prophet his vnworthinesse , and sheweth how all things are of God : it witnesseth the man of God his loue to the Saints , his hatred of false religion , the assurance of God his prouidence , and his vndoubted hope of life euerlasting . All which things containing so many points of heauenly doctrine , ought much to prouoke in vs the loue of the Psalme , and louing it to frequent the vse of it . The Psalme seemeth to be generall , and may be vsed at all seasons , and of all estates , as not being bound to any peculiar condition of men , or tied to any seuerall circumstance , as are many other Psalmes , containing particular matter : and therefore is it to be vsed as a notable meditation , which may be shewed by this word Mitchtam . The first verse is the proposition of the whole , and the residue of the Psalme prosecuteth the same matter . Now to the words of the text . Preserue me , O God. Here Dauid desireth not deliuerance from any speciall trouble , but generally prayeth to be fenced and defended continually by the prouidence of God : wishing that the Lord would continue his mercie towards him vnto the end , and in the end : whereby he foresaw that it was as needfull for him to be safegarded by God his protection in the end , as at the time present ; as also how he made no lesse account of it in his prosperitie , than in aduersitie . So that the man of God still feared his infirmitie , and therefore acknowledgeth himselfe euer to stand in neede of God his helpe . And here is a sure and vndoubted marke of the childe of God , when a man shall haue as great a care to continue and grow in well doing , as to begin : and this praying for the gift of finall perseuerance , is a speciall note of the childe of God. This holy ielouzie of the man of God made him so to desire to be preserued at all times , in all estates , both in soule and bodie . Euery man will say , true it is , if God should not preserue vs , how could we continue ? But few there be who rightly and carefully vse the meanes , as this man of God did , whereby they may attaine this grace . And therefore howsoeuer they pretend a good affection , and well liking generally of the thing , yet they haue no true faith , as the Prophet had : for faith would driue them carefully to vse the meanes : how beit this generall knowledge is left in many to take from them all excuse : but in the faithfull it worketh an holy feare , and feare ingendreth a conscience to vse the meanes . I appeale to the conscience of a naturall man : If a man being sicke would crie , Lord helpe me , Lord restore me to my health , and yet in the meane time wilfully refuseth the prescribed meanes for his recouerie , tempted he not God ? which if it be so , how much more dangerous is this in things concerning the soule , when a man either for want of hearing & reading the word feeleth not the diseases of the minde ; or feeling them effectually ▪ pineth and languisheth away vnder the burthen of them , neglecting prayer , confessing of his sinnes , repentance , and such like meanes of his saluation ? True it is that , man liueth not by bread onely : and therefore the wicked are but stalled vp and made fat against the day of slaughter . And the children of God know and acknowledge , that without the blessing and fauour of God their meate may bring their bane : and therefore they craue that by the word and prayer the meanes may be sanctified vnto them ; much more in things concerning our saluation we must both carefully vse the meanes , and in the vsing of them not to trust in the outward worke wrought , but to craue the inward ministerie of God his holy spirit , which worketh by them , not being ordained for God but for vs. For in thee doe I trust . Here the Prophet setteth down the cause why he prayeth to God : whereby he declareth , that none can truly call vpon God vnles they beleeue : Rom. 10. 14. How shall they call on him in whom they haue not beleeued ? In regard whereof as he prayeth to God to be his Sauiour , so he is fully assured that God will be his Sauiour . If then without faith we cannot truly call vpon God , the men of this world rather prate like Parats , than pray like Christians , at what time they vtter these words . For that they trust not in God , they declare both by neglecting the lawfull meanes , and also in vsing vnlawfull meanes . Some we see trust in friends : some shoulder out ( as they thinke ) the crosse with their goods : some fence themselues with authoritie : others bathe and ●aste themselues in pleasures to put the euill day farre from them : others make flesh their arme : and others make the ●edge of gold their confidence : and these men when they seeke for helpe at the Lord , meane in their hearts to finde it in their friends , good authoritie and pleasure , howsoeuer for feare they dare not say this outwardly . Againe , here we are to obserue vnder what shelter we may harbour our selues in the showers of aduersitie , euen vnder the protection of the Almightie . And why ? Who so dwelleth in the secret of the most high , shall abide in the shadow of the Almightie . And here in effect is shewed , that whosoeuer putteth his trust in God shall be preserued : otherwise the Prophet his reason here had not been good . Besides , we see he pleadeth not by merite , but sueth by faith , teaching vs , that if we come with like faith , we may obtaine the like deliuerance . It followeth in the Psalme , vers . 2. O my soule , thou hast said vnto the Lord , Thou art my Lord : my weldoing extendeth not to thee . In this conference with his soule , Dauid setteth downe the reason more at large , why he trusteth in God , that he will preserue him : first , he acknowledgeth his owne vnworthinesse : secondly , he giueth himselfe to the Saints , Thou hast said vnto the Lord. Here he confesseth that whatsoeuer good thing he had , he receiued it of the Lord. And this he doth not barely or barrenly with his lips from the teeth outward , but vnfainedly in his soule , also from the heart inward : and in that he passeth from the conference with his soule to speake vnto the Lord , he sheweth that God knoweth how his soule lieth not : and that he did behold the sinceritie and simplicitie of his heart herein . So that he dealeth not before men alone , or with his lips , but with God also , and trauaileth with his owne soule : wherein he cleereth himselfe of hypocrisie , and by his owne practise conuinceth and condemneth those kinde of men , who say one thing with their lips , and meane another thing in their hearts . Wherefore we are to learne , that in our prayers we deale not with men , but with God. We must not so much labour for a set order of words as for a well ordered heart ; and we must not vse these words as before men alone with our lips , but in our soules and in the presence of God ; to wit , Lord thou hast redeemed me , Lord thou hast saued me : and I say to my soule , that it should acknowledge thee to be my Lord , my Redeemer , and my Sauiour , and therefore should vse all things to thy glorie . Thou art my Lord , my soule , O Lord , hath tasted of thy goodnesse , and by good proofe I finde that thou doest gouerne me . My weldoing extendeth not to thee : oh what shall I render vnto thee , my God , for all thy benefits towards me ? what shall I repay ? alas I can doe thee no good , for mine imperfect goodnesse cannot pleasure thee , who art most perfect and goodnesse it selfe : my weldoing can doe thee no good , my wickednesse can doe thee no harme : I receiue all good from thee , but no good can I returne to thee : wherfore I acknowledge thee to be most rich , and my selfe to be most beggerly in weldoing : so farre off is it that thou standest in any neede of me . Wherefore I will ioyne my selfe to thy people , that whatsoeuer I haue , they may profit by it , and whatsoeuer they haue I may profit by it , seeing the things that I haue receiued must bee put out to loane , to gaine some comfort to others : whatsoeuer others haue , they haue not for their priuate vse , but that by them as by pipes and conduites they liberally should be conueied vnto me also . Wherefore in this straine wee are taught , that if wee be the children of God , wee must ioyne our selues in a holy league to his people , and by mutuall participation of the gifts of God wee must testifie each to other , that wee be of the number and communion of Saints : and this is an vndoubted badge and cognisance of him that loueth God , if he also loueth them that are begotten of God. Wherefore if wee doe professe our selues to bee of God , and to worship him , then must we ioyne our selues to the Church of God , which with vs doth worship God. And this must we doe of necessitie , for it is a branch of our beleefe , that there is a communion of Saints in the Church : and if we beleeue that there is a God , we must also beleeue that there is a remnant of people , vnto whom God reuealeth himselfe , and communicateth his mercies , in whom we must haue al our delight , with whom we must communicate , according to the measure of grace giuen vnto euery one of vs. But to the Saints that are in the earth , and to the excellent : all my delight is in them . The Papists could abide no Saints , but them which are in heauen ; which argueth that they liue in a kingdome of darknes , and erre not knowing the Scriptures , nor the power of God : for if they were but meanly conuersant in the Scriptures , in the holy Epistles , they should finde almost in euery Epistle mention made of the Saints , who are thereunto called in Iesus Christ , through whom they are sanctified by the holy Ghost . And marke , he calleth them excellent . Some thinke rich men to be excellent , some thinke learned men to be excellent , some count men in authoritie so to be : but here wee are taught that those men are excellent , which are sanctified with God his graces . True it is , that learning , wisedome , authoritie , honour , gold and credit , are the excellent gifts of God in their kinde , and yet haue they not true excellencie in themselues : for they make not the possessors of themselues excellent , because the wicked may haue them as well as the good : and these things we see for the most part are as they are that haue them . For if the good man haue them , he vseth them reuerentely , moderatly & thankfully , he applieth them ●o good vses , and so maketh them serue to the furtherance of good purposes . Againe , if an euill man haue them , he vnreuerently vsurpeth them , immoderatly vseth them , and vnthankfully is puffed vp with them , he turneth them to euill vses , and by them promoteth ill causes . Wherefore this excellencie , which is the fruite of God his spirit , is in it selfe only good : and this indeed maketh men truly excellent . Some say the Prophet meaneth , that seeing he cannot doe good to God , he will deserue well of his Saints : but this is but one part of his meaning : so that he meaneth this and somewhat more , that is , that he will delight in them and that not only to doe them good , but also to receiue good from them , as may appeare by his terming of them excellent ones , such as are fit as well to doe good , as to receiue good from others . Wherfore the Apostle saith , Rom. 1. 12. that he desired to receiue mutual comfort by thē . Secondly , this appeareth by the opposition of the verse following , which is of the worship of God : and therefore it cannot be restrained to outward things . Againe , in that verse he maketh mention of false worshippers , as here he nameth excellent ones : meaning that he would vse the benefit of them , to waine himselfe from false worshippers ; as men will frequent the companie of the learned that desire learning ; and they that will haue their lips schooled by the law of grace , will oft resort to the graue speeches of the wise . And surely it is a speciall helpe to further our selues in the pure worship of God , if we diuorce our selues from the crue of false worshippers , and wholy espouse our selues to the fellowship of them that worship in spirit and in truth . This reason also may appeare to be generall , because it followeth in the order of our confession of our faith , that we beleeue the holy and vniuersal congregation , the communion of Saints : and this communion is in receiuing as well as in giuing : and therefore being vnderstood of such a mutuall participation of gifts from one to another , it must followe as a particular part thereof , that wee be readie to doe good . And where he saith , All my delight is in them , that is in the Saints : we must not thinke that he meant to take away ciuill dutie from them that were in authoritie , for that must be giuen to them in outward things , yet in our hearts and in our affections the graces of God his children must be most esteemed . In respect whereof when Iames saith , Iam. 1. 2. that the Iewes had their faith in respect of persons , when they were wont to say to the rich , Sit thou here in a good place ; and to the poore , Stand there , his meaning was to rebuke them , for that they so highly despised the one and so vily esteemed the other . Wherefore wee must learne alwaies to giue vnto Caesar that which belongeth to Caesar , but God his children must alwaies bee neerest our heart . And this was it that our Sauiour Christ saith , that they which heard the word and did the same , were his mother , his brother , and his sister : not that he lightly regarded his mother , for he was a patterne of obedience to all children , yet he loued her more as she was the daughter of God , than as shee was his mother . Likewise we reade , that hee answered the woman that cried vnto him , Blessed is the wombe that bare thee , and the paps that gaue thee sucke . His mother no doubt had as singular blessings , as euer were giuen to woman , in outward things , in that she brought forth the Sauiour of all mankinde : howbeit herein she was chiefly blessed , in that she beleeued in him to bee her Redeemer . That are in the earth . See hee maketh mention of the Saints here on earth , and speaketh no of the Saints which are in heauen , from whom as we are seuered in body , so are we also in the soule ▪ and wee haue no dealing with them , either in soule or bodie . Wherefore it is ●●●d of the Prophet , Abraham knoweth not vs. True it is , that the Lord maketh his Angels ministers vnto vs , and therfore sending them to doe any thing , he maketh it known vnto them . Howbeit wee reade no such thing of the Saints that are dead , who as they know nothing of vs or our estate , which onely is knowne to the Lord , and are not vsed as ministers of the Lord ; so they cānot heare or helpe vs , as some foolishly haue imagined . The Saints which are dead may be in some respect remembred , but in no case worshipped : remēbred , I say , not for their power to be prayed vnto , but for their vertues to bee imitated . Wherefore in Heb. 11 the holy Ghost setteth downe a register & catalogue of the Saints , that seeing wee are compassed with so great a clowde of witnesses , wee must cast away euery thing that presseth downe , and sinne that hangeth so fast on , that we may run with patience the race that is set before vs. Here wee see these are set before , that wee might so farre followe them , as they followe Christ , and in this respect they are called witnesses : but to honour them as God , or to appoint holy daies vnto them , or for them , it is not lawfull . But behold when it was painful to the belly gods of Rome to remember the good life of the Saints to follow them , than which nothing is more grieuous to them , the diuell to drawe them from this , inuented a more easie way for flesh and blood , and taught them an easier lesson , by appointing in the stead of this holy and painfull imitation , a carnall and voluptuous rabble of holidaies vnto the Saints , and that ( as they said ) for the better remembrance of them : and thus that transformed Angell of light knoweth how to transforme pure religion . In like manner , whē it was an hard thing to preach Christ crucified , because it would call them to a sight , feeling and forsaking of their sinnes , and so they were made more vnquiet ; the diuell found out an easier way , and for sooth would haue Christ painted vpon the crosse in their Church windowes : which was a thing more easie to behold , being pleasant to the eye , than it was to heare that sinne should bee crucified in them , if euer they would hope for the fruite of Christ his death . Againe , when they could not away with bearing the crosse , of losse of name , of friends , goods and life , for Christs sake , they thought it was good to professe it by wearing some crosse about them , or by erecting in euery place a crosse of wood , stone , or such like thing . But let vs learne to be prouoked by the graces of God in his Saints to follow them in goodnesse , and labour to haue Christ crucified in our hearts , by the ministerie of the word , euer preparing our selues in truth to beare the crosse of Christ , by preferring the pure profession of his Gospell , before any thing in the whole world deare vnto vs. Besides we are here to learne , that if our delight be in God his Saints on the earth , wee must be farre from vsing them maliciously , or speaking of them cruelly . This delight then must bee to receiue some profit and benefit by these graces which they haue , also to vse to the comfort of the childrē of God whatsoeuer good we haue receiued . For as well the seruant which puts not out his talent with gaine was punished , as those that contemned the talent . Neither in truth haue we any right vse of the gifts which wee haue receiued of God , vnlesse we put them out by imparting them to our brethren in loue , and so the gaine may returne by holy reuenewes to the Lord himselfe ; neither haue we truly learned any thing , vnlesse wee haue in some measure communicated it with others ; for whatsoeuer is ours by gift , it is the interest of others by necessitie : whatsoeuer is proper to vs by possession , is common to the Church by vse and participation ; and whatsoeuer wee haue , wee haue it for dispensation , as the stewards of God his gifts , and disposers of his graces . And therefore as at the audites and dayes of accounts such stewards are culpable and vnworthie of their places , who hauing large summes of money for the liberal maintenance of the family , haue appropriated all to themselues ; so likewise in that great day of reckoning and audite of Angels , those stewards will bee found damnable , and iudged vnworthie to haue had accesse to the Lord his treasurie , who hauing receiued of God singular graces , and plentifull gifts for the building vp of his Church , and distributing things necessarie to the Saints in due season , haue notwithstanding enriched themselues alone , and impouerished their fellow seruants , vnto whose vse , and for whose good such rich reuenewes of God his graces and gifts were committed to their fidelitie . It followeth in the Psalme , The sorrowes of them that offer to another God shall bee multiplied : their offering of blood I will not offer , neither make mention of their names with my lips . Heere the man of God declareth himselfe to bee no lukewarme professor , and therefore as in the third verse hee sheweth the profession of his faith concerning the communion of Saints , so in the fourth verse be protesteth his hatred to the false worshippers , and he teacheth that none can truly loue the Saints , but he must also hate the wicked . God cannot abide to be worshipped in part , or by mixture of religion , as though the Arke and Dagon , God and Mammon , Christ and Belial should bee ioyned in worship together . Many are not so fully contented with the Saints , as that they are throughly discontented with the wicked , who so long as they see matters of ciuill authoritie and good order haue successe , can loue the word to serue time and season , whose liking of it is so small , that when other religion commeth , they find not themselues much discontented . But we must learne so to belieue in the true religion , as our faith may drawe out of vs an vnchangeable loue , and this true loue must be free from all appearance of idolatrie , and contrary religion whatsoeuer . If euer this doctrine was necessarie , it is now most needefull , sith true religion so decayeth , false religion so aboundeth , heathenish prophanenes so groweth ; all which no doubt arise o● so little esteeming , and small liking of the truth . For whereof first did spring heathenishnesse ? Euen from hence , men were contented that euery nation should worship as they listed and liked whereupon they did grow to haue both their country gods , and houshold gods ; for we reade that the Senate of the Romans would receiue Christ as their God , yet so , as they would also maintaine their owne gods . Not much vnlike is our familie of loue , and common sort of Protestants , both which can easily tolerate any kind of religion , come what profession come will. Wherefore we may see how this Psalme fitly may be vsed , when we will accuse our selues of want of loue to the Saints , or when wee will accuse our selues of wa●t of hatred to idolaters , seeing the spirit of the man of God so earnest , and our selues so cold herein . In that he saith , hee will not make mention of their names with his lips , he declareth his through hatred vnto them , which the more euidently appeareth , in that hee would not only not cōmunicate with them in his goods , but also that hee would not meddle with their ceremonies . Neither must wee thinke that this was any peculiar thing vnto Dauid , but that it was common also to all the Israelites , as we may see Exod. 23. 13 ye shall make no mention of the name of other gods , neither shall it be heard out of thy mouth , and not to them alone , but to all Christians in like manner , as appeareth Zechar. 13. 2. And in that day , faith the Lord of hostes , I will cut off the names of the idols out of the land , yea and they shall bee no m●re remembred . Besides , the law commaundeth all auoyding of occasions of idolatry , Deut. 7 25. where are set downe two reasons ; the one , that wee should not bee snared with such occasions ; the other , because it is an abomination to the Lord , wherein although somewhat be political , yet because whatsoeuer is impure is abhominable to the Lord , and our nature is prone vnto , and hardly kept from corrupt religion , wee hating the impuritie of the doctrine , must also hate the impuritie of the ceremonies . To the Law agreeth also the Prophet , as Esay 30. 22. where the Lord not only commaundeth them to auoid all idolatrie , but euen the appertinances thereof , Yee shall pollute the couering of the Images of siluer , and the rich ornaments of the Images of gold , and cast them away as a menstruous cloth , and thou shalt say vnto it get thee hence . This seemeth precisenes and puritanisme to the world , which can be content to vse things for forme and fashion ; but if we vrge vpon puritie , wee are counted precisians . Well if it be so , then Dauid was a precisian . The holy ghost also exhorteth vs also to abstaine from all apparance of euill , 1. Thess. 5 22. 1. Iohn 5. 21. Babes keepe your selues from idols . And the Apostle Iude verse 23. willeth vs euen to hate the garment spotted by the flesh . True it is , that one may haue a priuate vse of the meate prepared for Images ; but as it is an appertinance of idolatrie , it is to be auoided . Wherefore we are to pray that we may so haue our hearts rectified by the spirit of God , as not only the substance of false religion may be auoided , but also the appertinances thereof , whereby we may the better prouide both for God his glory , and our owne peace . Whereas he saith , the sorrowes of them that offer to another God shall bee multiplied , hee sheweth , how besides the comforts which he had in the Saints , he so much the more hated the idolaters , because hee sawe the more they inwrapped themselues , the more their spirits were troubled in them , and then they could find least rest whē they had most trouble . So that as the man of God commendeth true religion by this effect , that it yeeldeth peace of mind , and comfort of conscience in trouble ; so hee discommendeth false religion by the contrarie : because howsoeuer in prosperitie it bringeth aswelling ioy , yet in aduersitie it maketh men cry to the rocks to couer them , & to the mountaines to fall vpon them . This must cause vs more narrowly to search our hearts whether we haue this loue of true religion or no , against the which neither the gates of hell , nor terrours of Satan , nor troubles of conscience can preuaile ; for this religion is no lesse comfortable than true , when wee feele our selues assured thereby of our iustification by Christ , of the ministerie of God his Angels watching ouer vs , and that we offering our selues to be gouerned by him , hee will worke in vs heauenly things : and howsoeuer we are euil by nature or custome , yet by grace we are kept safe in him . This is that which helpeth in trouble of conscience , this comforteth in banishment , this relieueth vs in pouertie , this is the fruite of true religion . In false religion there appeareth not like effects , not being able to deliuer vs , much lesse to comfort vs in time of triall , but it leaueth vs in a mazed spirit , and troubled mind . Wherefore in respect of the issues of both these compared together , wee see how deare true religion ought to be to vs , and how wee must abhorre the contrarie . The very heathen men by the instinct of nature did most labour for those things which would in death bring peace of minde , and asswage their inward troubles , who neuer had this remedie : how much more then ought we to imbrace this pure religion , hauing such effects ; and hate the contrary , which then yeeldeth a swelling and plausible ioy , when no heauinesse is at hand , but is voide of all substance of perfect consolation to ease a perplexed mind ? Wherein it may wel be compared to those water brookes , which in time of winter , when water in euery place aboundeth , flow ouer ; but in summer , when droughts bring the necessary vse of water , are for the most part dried vp . It followeth now in the fift verse , The Lord is the portion of mine inheritance , and of my cup : thou shalt maintaine my lot . He prosecuteth the same matter which he handled before , shewing a reason why he linked himselfe so to the Saints , and abhorred the wicked , to wit , because as the Lord defended his holie ones , so he defended him ; as he was their inheritance , so he was his ; as he was a portion vnto them , so also he was a sufficient portion vnto him : for so was he tied to the Lord , and to the loue of his truth , that no corrupt religion could moue him from it . And why ? hee saw in the word , that God prouided on euery side for him , both spiritually for his soule , and corporally for his body . Wherfore his meaning may thus briefely bee gathered . I neede not to seeke for helpe in any false religion , although mine enemies would constraine me , because I am perswaded sufficiētly that God is my portion , hee is mine inheritance , God filleth full my cup ; and as his mercie hath chosen me , so his power maintaineth me , the sure perswasion whereof maketh me grow in the loue of true religion , and in the hatred of false . Out of the scope then of the Prophet , we may draw thus much , that whosoeuer is grounded on pure knowledge , and a sure faith , shall neuer wander after idolatry , because the word of God will shewe them now all sufficiencie both for their soules and bodies is in the Lorde , who freely hath taken the whole charge thereof into his owne hands . On the contrarie it is apparant , how that from hence commeth such slipping into idolatrie , because we want true faith in the true religion , and true loue of those things which we belieue . This place then commendeth vnto vs a continuall care , which we must labour for , whereby such assurance of God his fauour and prouidence watching ouer vs may be in vs , as we contenting our selues with him , our portion and inheritance should couet nothing else . Some referre this saying of the Prophet , thou art the portion of mine inheritance to the soule , but it is to be thought that hee rather meaneth how he only resteth and stayeth himselfe concerning his whole felicitie of body and soule on the Lord alone , and in that the Lord did not only begin , but did continue in him his grace hee assureth himselfe as well of finall perseuerance , as of his gracious entrance , which vndoubtedly is no small comfort . For many haue inheritances , who hardly keepe the assurance of them from all assaults of crafty men , who craftily vndermine the estate and hold off their possessions , by falsifying their euidences . Wherfore he addeth in the latter end of the verse , thou shalt maintaine my lot . For although nothing be more casuall then the life both of body and soule , and in manner of a lot is most vncertaine , yet the issue of them both being in the hands of the Lord , hee dare safely commend himselfe vnto him . Thus then must wee be perswaded of our inheritance , as for loue of it , we had rather with Naboth haue our bloud spilt , then suffer our selues to be depriued of it ; which wee see alreadie to be performed of the Martyrs . But here we are to note how all our assurance hereof is in the word , and not elsewhere to be found , as the man of God himselfe sheweth , Psal. 119. 57. O Lord thou art my portion , I haue determined to keepe thy words : and 111. Thy testimontes haue I taken as an heritage for euer , for they are the ioy of mine heart . it is both easie and vsuall for all to say , God is my portion , God is mine inheritance , God is hee that prepareth a table before mee , God filleth my cup : The gayest hypocrites will brag of this , and the most wretched worldlings will auouch as much ; but here in they be wray themselues in reuerencing so smally the meanes hereof , and accounting so little of the word , which is the onely assurance whereby they holde their inheritance . Doth hee seeke by his portion or inheritance bequeathed vnto him by testament or otherwise , who maketh none account of his euidence and auncient coppies , whereby he holdeth his assurance ? Can men then thinke that God is their inheritance , when they esteeme so smally of his promises which ratifieth their hold , and keepeth in record their assurance ? Can a man assure himselfe , that God is his portion when he hath no delight in his sacraments , wherein it is sealed and surrendred into his hands ? This then is a true triall , whether we may in truth subscribe to the Prophet his protestation , when we delight in the meanes , that is , in the word , in prayer , in the sacraments , and in discipline : which thing if we haue not , pretend wee what we will , all is but hypocrisie . If God be our portion , we must be as charie and warie of the word , as of some Will , wherein some great thing is giuen vnto vs ; we must be as much afraid and grieued to lose our faith in God his promises , as wee are to lose the euidence of our lands ; wee must be as carefull to vse the sacraments , as to keepe whole and vnuiolated the seales of our euidences ; we must be as carefull to performe to God that which his will requireth of vs , as to receiue of him that which in his testamēt is bequeathed vs , otherwise we haue nothing to doe with God , & God hath nothing to doe with vs in mercie , God is none of our inheritance , neither are we his inheritance . Such then as will come a● their leisure , and when they list , or when the world will afford no further profite , nor the flesh further delight , as they did most vnthankefully in the Gospell , who preferred their marriage , bargaining , and toyling in the earth to the heauenly banquet , are not in anie assurance , that God is their portion ; for where our portion is , there is our delight ; & where we looke for inheritance , there wee prouide for assurance ; and where wee looke for treasure , thither wee goe with ioy : wherefore vntill we set the word aloft in our consciences , wee can finde no assurance that God is our portion , or that we are his . The equitie hereof appeareth , Deut. 9. 29. where the people are called the inheritance of the Lord : and Deut. 32. 9. The Lords portion is his people : Iacob is the lot of his inheritance . For as possessions in times past were chosen out by lines , so the Lord is said to diuide to the Nations their inheritance , and to separate Iacob as a part for himselfe . Neither must we shuffle off this from our selues , seeing the Apostle ( 1. Pet. 2. 6 ) calleth vs a spirituall house , and an holy Priesthood to offer vp spirituall sacrifices : and the holy Ghost ( Reuel . 1. 6. ) saith , Wee are made Kings and Priests vnto God through Christ. Wherefore seeing the Lord dealeth so fauourably with vs , that when hell was our portion by our birthright , he hath measured out heauen for vs by the promulgation of his Gospell ; when we were guiltie of damnation , hath made vs inheritours of saluation ; and when Satan made claime to vs , he hath rescued the title of vs to himselfe : what an hellish pride were it , not to set God aloft ? what presumption were it , not to make him our chiefe delight , seeing he before freely hath made vs his chiefe delight ? If then we desire that God should be our inheritance , we must be his ; if we be his , he must take vp wholy our soules and bodies in his word ; which if wee despise , vndoubtedly wee shall be despised of God. Marke then in the latter end of this verse , he saith , I hou shal● maintaine my lot . As if the man of God should say : Howsoeuer the world iudgeth , that my estate commeth of other men , I know it commeth of thee : and , Prou. 16. 4. Thou Lord hast made all things for thy owne sake , although other thinke things to be fortunate , and subiect to lucke ; and when as others thinke it strange , that the sonne of Ishai should come to the gouernment of the Common-wealth , yet thou alone hast done it . Neither are we thus alone maintained of God in our outward estate , but also in spirituall things , we are kept by his power , as 1. Pet. 1 , 5. We are kept by the power of God through faith vnto saluation . And howsoeuer the world marueileth that we liue , yet we ( saith the Apostle ) are kept by the secret finger of God , & that vnto saluation . This happie assurance caused Paul to say , 2 Timo. 1. 12. I know i● whom I haue beleeued , and I am perswaded he is able to keepe that which is committed to him against that day . In which doctrine is ●● small comfort , in that we haue not our saluation in our owne custodie , neither hath the Lord left vs to our selues in the cō lucting of our bodies & soules , but hath giuen the whole and happie gouernment to his Sonne Iesus Christ : in which dignitie we farre excell Adam in the estate of innocencie . For albeit we are by him and in him fallen from it ( so weake was our estate , and so brittle was our hold whilest man possessed it ) yet hauing it restored , the credit and custodie of it resteth not on our weaknesse , but on the mightie power of Christ , from whom it cannot be taken . Such is the mercifull wisedome of our good God. Wherefore our Sauiour Christ , Ioh. 6 ●aith , that he is the shepheard , and that we are in his custodie . For whereas like sheepe of our selues we are readie to goe astray and wander , the Lord with his shepheards crooke will fetch vs againe to the fold ; and when we are lost in the wildernesse and darke places , he will finde vs ou● ; when we see no issues of our matter , he wil be faithful vnto vs , if we commit our selues vnto him . We see now the blessed securitie of God his children is herein , that their lot is not in their owne hands . This doctrine also is full of comfort to vs in these times : For in such a multitude of heresies , where with prophanenesse of life hath ioyned it selfe , if it were possible , the very elect should be deceiued , were it not that they were gouerned by the Lord himselfe . It is added in the next verse , The li 〈…〉 e fallen vnto me in pleasant places : yea I haue a faire heritage . The former matter is amplified , wherein he sheweth , that he so liked his choyse of the word : that in hope to change he chused it not . So his meaning is in effect all one with the verse going before , and may thus shortly be couched together O Lord thou hast dealt with me fauourably , which pleaseth me so fully , that I require no other happines . For notwithstanding my crosses and temptations be many , yet because in all I feele thy gracious helpe , I desire not to change for any other felicitie . In which streame we must learne this one point , that wee neuer feele effectually the fruite of our saluation , vntill we can triumph ouer the world , the flesh , and the diuell : and when our heritage so pleaseth vs , that we repent not : beware of repenting , beware of repenting when ye haue once giuen your names vnto Christ : for ye are become backsliders , & are fallen partly to heresie , partly to atheisme , partly to profanenes , because they made not a sure & vnchangeable choise of their profession at the first . This verse is especially to be vnderstood of the fauour of God , which he felt ; and therefore being assured that the kingdome of God was his , that the prouidence of God watcheth ouer him , and his Angels ministred vnto him , he was so stayed , that if other outward things did come , he counted them cast vpon him , as the ouerplus of God his mercie ; if no other things came , he was satisfied If we thinke our lines to be fallen pleasantly , we must by proportion by so much the more seeke spirituall than carnall things , by how much the soule is better than the body . How then is God their portion , their lot and inheritance ? how doth their heritage assigned of God please them , who are so carefull in earthly things to prouide for backe and belly , and so carelesse in heauenly things to prouide for their soules and consciences ? For if we were perswaded , whatsoeuer we haue , we haue it of God , we would vse it with prayer , receiue it with thanksgiuing , we should not rest in outward things , as in lands , possessions or preferments , as in our portion , but in the Lord who giuer● these things . Thus when we are delighted with our heritage , we endeuour not to get things by ill meanes ; hauing gotten them , we set not our hearts on them , we pray for the holy vse of them , we returne them to God his glorie , and the comfort of his Saints ; when we cannot keepe them with a good conscience , we will willingly leaue them , alwaies making the Lord our chiefe inherirance , as we a●e his ; and on this manner being weaned from earthly things , we must looke for our outward estate to be ordered in full measure and scarcitie by God , that we may say with Paul , Philip 4. 11. I haue learned in whatsoeuer state I am , therewith to be content . 12. And I can be abased , and I can abound : euery where in all things I am instructed , both to be full , and to be hungrie , and to abound , and to haue want . If we haue much , it is well , and wisedome is a goodly thing with inheritance : if we haue not outward things , the word is able to saue our soules : and blessed are they that in time of triall can say , my lines are fallen vnto me in faire places . Euery man is to try himselfe , how in his particular calling he can stay himselfe on the word of God. Iacob desired nothing but cloth and meate for foode and raiment ; and Paul 1. Tim. 68 saith , When we haue foode and raiment , let vs therewith be content . And surely great rest should we finde in our consciences , if we could command our soules not to looke for greater things than the Lord hath placed vs in : for nothing doth more be●ray out want of faith than our restles mindes which are not contented with those places allotted to vs of God. But who in the time of the gospell cannot say , that his lines are fallen to him in faire places ? Wherefore we must be so quiet in our proper stations , as if we were Kings or Emperors , knowing that whē our places are not fit for God his glory , and his church , the Lord will fleete vs. In the meane season let our consciences rest on the Lord his will , how base and inferiour so euer our calling is , and he assured , that by so much the more our walking therein is an acceptable sacrifice to the Lord , by how much our gifts being the greater they doe submit and humble themselues vnder the ordinance and appointed calling of the Lord the more . And let vs stay at the Lord his commaundement and pleasure to be put in his time to some other vse ; neither let vs put the fault of our trouble in our places , as commonly we doe , but in our restlesse minde , which as a rolling stone is carried from one place to another . It followeth in the next verse . I will praise the Lord , who hath giuen me counsell : my rein●● also teach me in the nights . That is , I acknowledge that it is thy free benefit , that I haue discerned to make this choise . For how should I thinke thee to be my portion of mine in heritance , and to maintaine my lot , but because thou hast renewed me by thy spirit , and aduised me in that , wherein flesh and blood could not counsel me ? The due consideration hereof made our Sauiour Christ say on this manner : I thanke thee , O father , Lord of heauen and earth , that thou hast hid these things from the wise and prudent , and hast reuealed them to little ones : for so it is thy good will and pleasure . As if he should say , I would marueile these sillie soules should so profit more in heauenly wisedome , than the wise of the world : but , Lord , I see it is thy will , and the wisedome of the wise can nothing further thee , nor the simplicitie of the other can any thing hinder them for thy kingdome : but thou workest al in al according to thy pleasure . Againe , among so many opinions of the Iewes , of the Scribes , Pharisies , of Sadduces , Herodians , and Essens , it was the onely power of God whereby Peter was taught among the rest of the Disciples , and in the name of all rightly to confesse Christ to be the true Messias , and to be both true God & true man. Wherefore our Sauiour Christ hearing this his confession , saith , Peter , flesh and blood hath not reuealed this to thee , but my Father which is in heauen : that is , thou neuer attainedst to this by thy mother wit , or by the light of nature ; thou hast not been fenced by thine owne reason from hunting after me , and opposing thy selfe against me , with the Scribes and Pharisies , but my Father hath both guided and guarded thee . And what shall we thinke of our selues ? Is it not the Lord his mightie & secret working in vs , that among such swarmes of heresies , such boldnes of Papists , such a multitude of Anabaptists , Arrians and Familie of loue , we are preserued , to discerne the right , and to cleaue to the truth ? If we looke to our wits , others which are fallen away are as wise as we : If wee looke to our naturall dispositions , wee are as full of naturall corruption as they : if we looke to our education and helpes in learning , haue not others been as much thereby furthered as we ? We are made all of one mould , wee were all borne vnder one climate , wee are not sanctified by nature more then others ; are not wee then highly to praise God , in that wee maintaine not our owne lot ; but whilest round about vs some are become Papists , some Atheists , some Arrians , some Familists , we are both guided of God to make our choise of the truth , and are continued in the well liking of our choise being made ? What a benefit is it that in such store of politiques , we should not only vnderstand the letter , but also conceiue the mysterie of the truth ? What a grace is it , that we should be so taught of God , that if we abound wee can be thankfull , if wee be in trouble we can be patient , if wee suffer the crosse we are content ? But doe not the Papists and Familists commend the Saints ? doth not euery man say , God is his portion ? how is this then any particular thing in the godly ? True it is they doe so : but wee stay on God his will reuealed in the word , which we account our portion . Talke with a blasphemer , talke with a drunkard , an whoremaster or a worldling ; talke with a skilfull man of law , or an expert Physition , and euery one will as proudly and as boldly professe God to be his portion as another : but come to them in a matter of saluation , or in a case of faith , and they can say nothing : how much now are we to be perswaded of , and being so perswaded , to bee thankfull for the free mercie , and vndeserued good will of God in directing vs , in chusing , and nourishing our choise ? My reines teach me in the night . This place hath in it some difficultie , and diuers interpreters write diuersly of it . But it is certaine , that often in the Scriptures the heart and the reines are mentioned together : as Psal. 26. Proue me , O Lord , and trie me : examine my reines and my heart . By the heart ( I thinke ) is meant the more inward and secret thoughts : by the reines are vnderstood the more outward and sensuall affections , as Psal. 51. 6. Behold thou louest truth in the inward affections : therefore hast thou taught me wisedome in the secret of mine heart . And Psal. 139. 23 ▪ Trie me , O Lord , and know mine heart , proue me and knowe my thoughts . In the night . Of his holie exercises in the night the man of God speaketh , Psal. 119 55. I haue remembred thy name in the night , O Lord , and haue kept thy law . And Psal. 62. At midnight will I rise to giue thankes vnto thee , because of thy righteous iudgements . And vers . 148. Mine eyes preuent the night watches to meditate in thy law . The Physitians affirme , that our dreames in the night season are agreeable to our musings in the day time : and that our affections in our sleepe doe much follow the complexions , the repletiō or euacuation of the bodie : according to these they say also are the dispositions of the minde naturally , without some violent alteration or extraordinarie operatiō . And surely a man by diligent obseruation may espie his inclination of minde as well by his dreames sleeping , as by his cogitations waking : or rather the better by how much the night is more free from those troubles which worke great perturbations & violent distractions of the minde in the day : So that the agitations of the minde are by so much the more strong and effectual , by how much it is more free and naturall ; which experience may teach both in them that are renewed , and such as are vnregenerate . The Philosophers not much disagreeing , say , that the ciuill vertuous man is much affected in the night , according to his actions in the day , and that the vertuous and the vicious man concerning halfe their liues , that is , the night seasō or sleeping times , doe nothing differ , sane that the dreames of the vertuous are good , the dreames of the vitious are euill ; which if it be so , then much more shall they , whose hearts are throughly sanctified with the spirit of God , either find comfort in good things , or sorrow for their sinnes euen in the night season . Such is the mercie of our God , that he ceaseth not to continue our knowledge , and to teach vs by his spirit and meditation , euen in the night season ; and if at any time they breake forth into more sensuall libertie proceeding from their naturall appetite , they make this profite of it by iudging that the Lord correcteth these wandring thoughts in the day , by confused dreames in the night , and their impure cogitations waking , by vnchast imaginations in sleeping . By the reines I gather , is signified not the spirituall parts of the minde , but the more grosse & sensible parts of the bodie separated farre from the heart , and that part which conceaueth and seemeth to be the Prophet his sense , Psal. 51. 6. vers : which before we alleadged ; that the Lord will not to that part which is most sensuall , haue libertie giuen , and that he hath charged the reformation of the soule to stretch it selfe to the most naturall parts , and which are common with vs to brute beasts , that euen in them also we should be sanctified . Thus we see there is no part of vs whereof the Lord in mercie hath not care , euen in the night , in which one blessing the Lord will discerne and distinguish vs from brute beasts , and more confirme vs in godlines . For it is no small benefit if we rightly consider it , that the spirit of God should so moderate with a continuall regiment our affections , that if our imaginations burst forth , wee should receiue the checke , and be controuled in the night , and by comparing one thing with another , long agoe forgotten , that the Lord should bring things againe to our remembrance . Thus when we know we lye on the Lord his bed , & that in darke we must behold him present , and feele our affections rectified , our reines sanctified , and our bed vndefiled , we may be assured of some further sinceritie of our hearts , wrought by his holy spirit : and doubtlesse as we sayd before , there is no small tryall of our hearts , euen in our dreames ; when all things being more quiet then in the day , greater oportunitie is offered of entering into our selues , and furnishing our selues with serious deuises , whether it bee in good or euill . Wherfore God his children are not so lightly to passe ouer their night-thoughts , but that they obserue in them either the mercifull corrections of God of some sinnes past , or his gratious admonition of some sinnes to come , or else his fauourable instructions concerning some sinne present , which not beeing repented of , will as well breake forth openly in the day , as secretly in the night . Nights . To conclude , we see in Dauid a minde throughly sanctified , where the spirit of God keeping a continuall residence , wrought a continuall progresse and growing in spirituall knowledge , as well by nights as by dayes . It followeth in the next verse , I haue set the Lord alwayes before mee , for hee is at my right hand , therefore I shall not slide . Hauing shewed before his delight in the Saints , his hatred of Idolaters , his stayed and full contented minde in God as his portion and inheritance , who as well continued in him as he did begin his grace , and that not only more openly in the day , but also more secretly in the nights ; the Prophet now declareth how by all this hee was mooued to thinke that God was at all times , in all places present with him , both as a Lord to suruay his wayes , least he should slip grossely , and as a father to comfort him when he slipt of infirmitie . His meaning and intent then is thus much , that hauing seuered himselfe from Idolaters , and ioyned in league with the Saincts , wholy resting himselfe on the Lord and his word , he desired nothing more , then as the Lord had set a continuall watch ouer him both by day and by night ; so he might haue his heart in continuall awe to bee prepared for the Lord his presence . The selfe same obedience the Lord requireth of Abraham , Genes . 17. 1. saying , I am God all sufficient , walke before me , and be vpright , that is , seeing I am able by mine Almightie power to bring to passe whatsoeuer by couenant in mercie I haue promised to thee , make me the arbiter of thy thoughts , the suruayer of thy words , and the viewer of thy workes , commit thy wayes vnto mee in all things . Neither must we thinke this to be enioyned to Abraham alone , & that others be exempted from this obedience , but that euery true Israelite , euery good Christian , and true beleeuer , who looketh with Abraham for God his power in accomplishing his promises , must be assured hereof like as he was . For where wee looke for like mercie , we must performe like dutie ; and where wee hope for the like grace ; wee must haue the like faith , albeit not in so great proportion , yet in some acceptable measure following him , whose example , Rom. 4. we must not thinke so much to be person all , as reall , and for imitation . How we should thus walke before the Lord we are taught of the holy Ghost , Micah . 6. 6. Wherewith shall I come before the Lord , and bow my selfe before the hi● God ? shall I com● before him with burnt offerings i● he hath shewed thee ò man what is good , and what the Lord requireth of thee ; surely to doe iustly , and to loue mercy , and to humble thy selfe , to walke with thy God , that is , that thou shouldest set him i● thy sight , belieuing that he doth guide and gouerne thee . Besides the Apostle teacheth vs , ● . Cor. 3. 18. that we all behold as in a mirror the glory of the Lord with open face , and are changed into the same image . For when we behold the Lord in his promises of reconciliation , that he is at peace with vs ; of sanctification , that he will renew vs ; of safegard and prouidence , that for our good he will watch ouer vs , and that he is at our right hand with his Angels , and on the other hand with his creatures ; then we behold him as our redeemer , as our teacher , as our prouident father , and as iudge of heauen and earth , so we shall with Steuen see Christ : and thus beholding God in his word and workes , we may be said to walke before the Lord. Whereupon we may easily coniecture , how requisite a thing it is often to heare , reade , and meditate of the word of God , to be frequent in prayer , whereby we may attaine to a cleerer sight of God his promises , which are all yea and Amen in Iesus Christ. Whosoeuer then setteth God before him , first as a God of glorious maiestie , who will not iustifie the obstinate sinner ; then as a father of gratious mercie , who comforteth the repenting sinner , and in euery particular thing is perswaded that God seeth him as a iudge and a Lord of the spirits , and God of glory and power ; it can not be but this will shake from him all drowsie securitie , and chase away all vaine imaginations , as the bright Sunne beames breake the darke and mistie clowdes . And because there is no dealing betwixt God and man , but by a Mediatour , we must set God before vs in Christ , and Christ in God , that we may behold his iustice vnder his mercie , and his mercie under his iustice . And being thus perswaded , that we are beloued of God in his beloued , we shall doe all in his name , which is the end of all happinesse . This one lesson of Diuinitie will teach vs the vse of many , and wil stand in steed of a thousand , both to comfort and instruct vs : to comfort vs with pacifying our consciences with a godly securitie in things most open and apparant ; to instruct vs by charging our consciences to auoide carnall securitie in things most inward and secret . Vntill we are brought to walke before the Lord in this obedience , all the wisedome of the learned is vanitie . Hauing learned this one ru●e , and made in truth this pedagogie of our actions , the simplest soule shall come foorth himselfe in the conscience of vnfained holinesse . For he is at my right hand . This phrase of speech is borrowed from them , who when they take vpon them the patronage , defence or tuition of any , will set them on their right hand , as in place of most safegard . Experience cōfirmeth this in children , who in any imminent danger shrowde and shelter themselues vnder their fathers armes or hands , as vnder a sufficient buckler . Such was the estate of the man of God , as here appeareth , who was hemmed and hedged in with the power of God , both against present euils and daungers to come . Neither doth the Lord hatch Dauid alone vnder the hād ▪ but al other that put their trust in him : as Psal. 91. 1. Who so dwelleth in the secret of the most high , shall abide in the shadow of the Almightie , &c. Wherein we see this assurance of God his protection to be common generally to all , which flie for succour wholy to him in time of temptation . Againe , Psalme 121. 4. it is said , Behold he that keepeth Israel will neither slumber nor sleepe . Vers. 5. ●he Lord is thy keeper , the Lord is thy shadow at thy right hand , &c. Where we see he speaketh of the whole bodie , and no● of any particular number of the Church . We are then to learne thus much out of this straine , that when we haue a care to set the Lord continually in our sight , he hath a care continually to watch ouer our estate . This glorious reioycing of faith is also in other places of the booke of God. Psal. 23. throughout the whole Psalme , the man of God sheweth that he had so richly and so sweetly tasted of the promises of God , that in trouble he neuer wanted helpe . The Apostle likewise to the Rom. 8 ▪ sheweth the happie estate of all the regenerate , although in a more excellent patterne of his owne faith , saying , vers . 31. If God be on our side , who can be against vs ▪ 33. Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God his chosen ? It is God that iustifieth . 34. who shall condemne ? &c. And afterward vers . 38 I am perswaded that neither death nor life , nor Angels , nor principalities , nor powers , nor things present , nor things to come . 35. nor height , nor depth , nor any other creature shall be able to separate vs from the loue of God , which is in Christ Iesus our Lord. Howbeit , we must not thinke that the man of God was not remoued at all . For he counteth himselfe a stranger vpon earth , and he had many pushes and diuers assaults : yet so as he was not finally moued , and vtterly ouerthrowne . He had many battels , but got the victorie ; many men rose against him , but the Lord was on his side , & still he was vnremoueable as Mount Sion ; and though he was shaken for a time , yet in the end he was safe . Now to the verse following . Wherefore mine heart is glad , and my tongue reioyceth ; my flesh also doth rest in hope . Here are two pestilent opinions of the Papists ouerthrowne . The one , that we should not boldly reioyce in the vndoubted assurance of our saluation . The other , that we should dou●t and be in a mammering of our finall perseuerance . In our confession of the faith immediatly after the article of the remission of our sinnes , followeth the acknowledging of an happie resurrection , and glorious immortalitie : wherein we are assured , that euen as in this life our sinnes are pardoned , so we shall not miscarrie to the very resurrection , and our very flesh shall rise againe to most blessed immortalitie . Shall I doubt , that God watcheth ouer me as a father in loue , as almightie in power , as a prouident preseruer in gouerning heauen and earth ? Shall I doubt that Christ , true God and true Man died for my sinnes , rose for my iustification , ascended to take possession of that glorie , which he will giue vnto me at his comming ? Shall I doubt that the spirit of God hath sealed me and sanctified me , preseruing me vnblameable in Christ vntill the day of redemption ? Shall I doubt , that I am of the number of the Saints , which are ordained to that glorie , which is freely giuen of God the Father , dearely purchased of God the Sonne , and assuredly warranted by the ministerie of the word , and working of God the holy Ghost ? No. Why then should I doubt that my sinnes are freely pardoned ? Can a man by reason conceiue the mysterie of the Trinitie in vnitie ; the distinction of natures in one person Christ Iesus , the secret working of the holy Ghost in them that are called , the rising againe to life , the dead bodie consumed to earth ? No , we walke not by reason , we liue by faith , and we beleeue against reason , euen because the spirit of God by the preaching of the word , hath sealed and beareth record of of these things to our spirits . Wherefore seeing we haue no warrant of any thing concerning faith , but by the word and by the spirit , and the same word and spirit assure vs as well of one parcell of faith as of another ; what blockishnes is it to beleeue all other points that doctrine , and to doubt and call in question one concerning the forgiuenes of sinnes ? and seeing we beleeue as great things , what peeuishnes is it to doubt either of the comfortable assurāce of our saluation present , or to despaire of finall perseuerāce in time to come ? Against these we see the man of God opposeth his glorious reioycing : wherefore the holy Ghost speaketh , Rom. 5 1. Being iustified by faith , we haue peace toward God through our Lord Iesus Christ. And 1. Pet. 1. 8. You beleeue in Christ , and reioyce with ioy vnspeakeable and glorious . In which point we are taught , that this reioycing of the heart , praising of God with our tongue , and holie securitie of the whole man is the spirit of faith ; and this is our true ioy , euen our assurance , that we are righteous in Christ , that God is our portion , our inheritance , our guider , gouernour , and preseruer of vs to life euerlasting , yea and this fruite of faith is a sure token of faith , though it be not alwaies and in all men in like measure . Howbeit , where the want thereof is felt , we must remember both to mourne and groane in our spirits for the want of it , and also waite on God in the meane time , and vse all meanes possible to recouer the same . This certaintie of our saluation spoken of by Paul , rehearsed of Peter , and mentioned of Dauid , Psal. 4 7. is that speciall fruit then of faith , which breedeth that spirituall ioy , and inward peace , which passeth all vnderstanding . True it is all God his children haue it not . One thing is the tree , and another thing is the fruite of the tree : one thing is faith , and another thing is the fruite of faith . And that remnant of God his elect which feele the want of this fruite , haue notwithstanding faith , which manifesteth it selfe in them by groaning and sighing for it , and by the complaining of the absence of it . For albeit indeed there is no greater argument , that a man is aliue , than his liuely , quicke and cheerefull spirits , his fresh memorie , nimblenes and agi●itie of bodie : yet it is some token also of life , when a man not hauing in himselfe this alacritie of minde & acrimonie of weldoing , can complaine of his lumpish , earthly and dead spirits , dull memorie , and heauinesse of bodie , as one that feareth and suspecteth these things to bee forerunners of some fainting , languishing , or dangerous sicknesse , which is towards him . And surely God his children , who hath been made drunken as it were with this spirituall gladnesse , are often wained from it , either for their triall , how highly they esteeme it , or to punish them for some sinne past , or else to forewarne them of some sinne to come . Wherefore when any such morse of our spirits and extraordinarie deadnes doth come vpon vs ▪ let vs thus commune with our owne hearts ; Surely all is not well , I must looke out , I haue not heard the word cheerefully , I cannot reioyce with his Saints , I am subiect to some trouble , and must preprare my heart for some crosse , I must rouse vp my selfe & raise vp God his spirit in me , that I may recouer that life which is in Christ , without the wich I am thus dull , or rather dead . The Prophet Dauia ( as wee knowe , Psalm . 119. ) finding in himselfe this vntowardnesse to good exercises , the want of this delight , the losse of God his countenance , counteth himselfe as dead ; and hauing these things hee thought himselfe aliue . It is a wonderfull thing to see , it is a wonderfull thing , I say , to see how naturall a thing it is to all men to seeke a quiet minde , and glad heart ; how vnnaturall it is to wish for sorrow of minde , and griefe of heart ; and on the other side , to behold the securitie of men in neglecting the meanes of true ioy , and their vndiscreete plunging of themselues in endlesse and easelesse sorrowes , in pulling vpon themselues sorrow after sorrowe , and that with phantasticall delights ; all which kind of pleasures haue either their present paine , or paine to come accompanying them ; and therefore worthily are they compared to the cracking thornes vnder the pot , which make a sodaine blaze , and are quickly out . So the pleasures of fooles vanish away without any issue , yea they are so farre from bringing any ioy in the houre of death , that euen then most will they sting and accuse vs for dishonouring of God. On the contrarie when wee feele the glorie of God to be our chiefest ioy , and the peace of the Church with the feeling of our saluation to be the peace of our minds , we haue that gladnes and calmenes of a good cōscience , which God reserueth in store as a treasure and pretious iewell , whose vertue is to comfort vs in time of greatest trouble , whose operation is to draw ioy out of the bottomlesse pit of sorrowe , when the world doth hate vs , to shewe how God doth loue vs , and when our minds are deiect , to bring a pawne from God his spirit to our spirit to assure vs that our troubles shall haue an issue to God his glorie , and our saluation . This solace only cleaueth vnto vs in death , and in sicknes , and in time of trouble ; and therfore the more carefully must we vse the meanes whereby we may buy and purchase the same : when wee want it let vs complaine and mislike our selues , accusing our selues of some sin past , or enarming our selues for some euils to come . Vndoubtedly the iealozie of God his children ouer the securitie of these times maketh them to suspect that men may beare out themselues in good things for a time to serue persons , time and place ; and that for lack of this true ioy and delight in them they will fall away and deceiue , especially when men come to their libertie , and are without controulement of person , awe of any place , or regard of any time . Men for a time be hearers of the Gospell , men may for orders sake pray , sing , receiue the sacraments ; but if it be without ioy will not that hypocrisie in time breake out ? will they not begin to be wearie ? nay will they not be as readie to heare any other doctrine ? Good things cannot long find entertainement in our corruptions , vnlesse the holy ghost hath changed vs from our old delights to conceiue pleasure in these things . Where loue is , there is no lack , in pleasure there is no paine , and when we finde the pearle of price which passeth all vnderstanding , we will sell all our former delights , and depart from our vaine pleasures to purchase this . It is a continuall ioy that worketh a conscience to vse the meanes of any thing : it is an abounding delight , that auoydeth and fenceth off all wearisomnes in good things : wherefore the holy Ghost saith , Be yee filled with the Spirit : and in another place , Let the word of God dwell in you plenteously . In which place we are to gather that there is in vs sometime an emptinesse of the Spirit , and a scantnesse of the power of the holy ghost ; the spirit of God is not so mightie in operation , grace is not so plentifull , the word is not so powerful in vs ; and from hence commeth our momentarie ioy , and transitorie gladnes . And my tongue reioyceth . That which in truth is inward , will in time shewe it selfe outward , as wee may see in these holy affections of the man of God. The Prophet himselfe confirmeth this in another place , Psalm . 116. 10. I beleeued therefore did I speake : which the Apostle repeateth in the person of the whole Church , 2. Cor. 4. 13. because we haue the same spirit of faith , according as it is written , I beleeued , and therefore haue I spoken ; We also beleeue , and therefore we speake . And Rom. 10. 10. it is saide , With the heart man beleeueth vnto righteousnesse , and with the tongue man confesseth to saluation : and sure it is , that of the abundance of the ioy of the heart the mouth reioyceth : as cōtrariwise of the abundance of the griefe of the heart , although there may be for a while an inward deuouring , binding and suppressing of sorrow , yet it will in time breake forth , and wee shall euen rore for disquietnes of minde , and cannot hold long , vntill we haue eased our hearts with some outward complaint . For we see if a man haue a through griefe how it consumeth him , vnlesse he vtter it . Againe , if a man hath conceiued a true ioy , how he longeth , how hee is rauished , how hee trauaileth , vntill he hath brought it forth . If then in any good measure we feele the ioy of the spirit , the tongue will be at commaundement to vtter it . Wherefore we are to try our selues and examine our hearts , whether we heare , reade , pray , or sing with this grace in our hearts , with this ioy in our spirits , with this comfort of conscience : let vs lament , considering how singing and spirituall reioycing is decayed , how great a stranger the word is with vs , what little delight and alacritie we haue in holy and religious exercises ; and let vs accuse our selues , that therefore our tongues cleaue to the rough roofe of our mouth , because our hearts are lockt vp in securitie ; which vndoubtedly is so open to all men , that there is no man but bewaileth his want of inward ioy . Many indeed , as hypocrites , can blow and bellow outwardly , who make no melodie in their hearts , who sing not in grace , who haue not the sweete and naturall voyce , which commeth from a well affected and right ordered minde , either ioyfully shewing a godly digested mirth , or dolefully breathing out into the passions of an exercised minde . My flesh also doth rest in hope . See , his godly ioy made him haue a securitie in his flesh . It is our naturally infirmitie that wee haue a trembling of the flesh which hindereth in vs many good actions , as may be seene in our thoughts , suspecting of dangers , scarefull imaginations , and wandring conceits , forecasting this euill and that euill ▪ to the great disturbing and disordering of the peace of our minds , all the which excessiue feares were in this man of God wisely corrected , though not vtterly remoued , but suppressed in him by faith . Whereof commeth then our carnall and immoderate feares in dangers but of want of faith ? This our Sauiour Christ teacheth his disciples , at what time they were with him being asleepe in a tempest on the seas , when they through vnbeliefe feared his diuinitie to haue slept with his humanitie , where he saith vnto them , O yee little faith , why doe you not beleeue ? Heere wee see hee rebuketh their excessiue feare , which thing hee also doth almost in the same manner . When they carnally feared him to haue been a spirit as he walked on the seas , they were not throughly perswaded that God was their portion , their inheritance , and watched ouer them ; for if they had , they would haue corrected these fleshly and immoderate fea●●s , that they should not haue hindred their holy meditations of God his powerful prouidence , nor their prayers for his gratious assistance , nor any other good exercises of their mindes . Thus we see how the sure perswasion of God to be his inheritance , his mainteiner both in soule and body , his reacher both by day and by night , both by his word and his spirit made the man of God secure both in soule and body . And what caused this ? partly that which wee spake of before , partly that which followeth , for thou wilt ●ot leaue my soule in the graue , neither wilt thou suffer thine holy one to see corruption : so that the promises already tasted of , and the sure expectation to haue the good worke begunne to bee finished in him , made him rest in hope , and hauing God his cause in hand , he saw how the Lord would not onely watch ouer him for his present estate , but also would guide him to immortalitie . Behold how his inward assurance wrought an outward safetie , wherby wee plainely see , that where there is a want of this comfort and faith in the soule , there is a want of peace and securitie in the body . It is our vnbeliefe then that hatcheth and nourisheth wandring thoughts , and filleth our braine with suspitious phantasies , and fruitlesse illusions , dreaming of dangers where there are none , and imagining mountaines where scarsely are molehils . Let vs then strengthen our faith , and certifie our soules , that our flesh shall stand before God , which will so worke in vs , that neither flesh and blood shall weigh vs downe with securitie in time of prosperitie , nor ouerlode vs with desperate terrours in time of aduersitie . Neither as we said , must we thinke Dauid to be a senselesse Stoick , as feeling no troubles , but that by the power of God he was in trouble a triumphant conquerour , and in all these dangers through faith more than a victorer . For as God reserueth his vnspeakeable ioyes for his children in vntolerable agonies ; so he neuer armeth them strongly , but he prepareth them a field wherethey must fight stoutly . Oh that this heauenly ioy were in vs more aboundantly , and of moe men more frequented , then should not the small remnant that now alwayes vse it , be counted and called precisians , then should wee giue more liuely testimonies of our effectuall faith to our owne consciences , then should wee offer to others a larger cause of magnifying the name of God , who hearing vs vse such spirituall gladnes , might bee prouoked to an holy emulation and say : surely this is the power of the holy Ghost , this is vndeceiueable ioy , happie are they that can thus reioyce in the Lord. Oh that the Lord would giue vs of the spirit , and fill our hearts with such gladnes : thus others vndoubtedly would plentifully bee rauished by our godly examples . Though some would laugh at vs , as they did at the Apostles when they had receiued the holy Ghost , yet others would reuerently maruaile at it , and willingly followe it . Wherefore when with the man of God we shall be perswaded of our immortalitie both of body and soule , when wee hauing God his cause in hand shall vse it in a good conscience as he did , wee shall surely and sincerely with him reioyce . And what I pray you in the night season , in thundering and lightning , in earthquakes , blazing starres , and fierie starres , in extraordinarie working of the heauens maketh vs so dismaid and at our wits end ? want of faith . What maketh vs at the death of our friends to mourne , and that wee will not be comforted ? Paul 1. Thessal . 4. 13. telleth vs want of hope . FINIS . OBSERVATIONS ON THESE VERSES FOLLOVVING , Being part of the 42. Chapter of Genesis . THE THIRTEENTH SERMON . 9 Ye are spies , and are come to see the weakenes of the land . 12 Nay but ye are come to see the weakenes of the land . 14 This is it that I spake vnto you , saying , Ye are spies . 15 Hereby shall ye be proued : by the life of Pharaoh , ye shall not goe hence , &c. 21 We haue verily sinned against our brother , &c. IOseph a good man , and yet lieth : so was Lot a good man , and yet loth to part from Sodom . These were great offences . Whence come they ? from custome no doubt . Ioseph being amongst prophane men had some smell of their wordes . And Lot , though their wickednes and Sodomitry vexed his righteous soule , yet through custome , hee could haue found in his heart to haue liued still amongst thē . So first wee must here bee taught to eschewe ill custome and companie . The second note hence to be obserued , may answere a peece of a doubt in the former two examples of Ioseph and Lot. For some man may say , Ioseph and Lot both good men dwelt and kept companie with the wicked , therefore wee may doe so . But it may be answered , that examples proue nothing without the warrant of the word . And as for Ioseph , God had sent him extraordinarily to prouide for his fathers familie : but Lot chose to dwel in Sodō for his lucre ( as ye may read in the thirteenth chapter of this booke , the tenth verse ) and therefore this greedie desire was altogether vnlawfull : and though the Lord in mercie deferd the punishment thereof , he punished that yet at length in his wife , who was turned into a pillar of salt ; in himselfe and his owne daughters , with whom hee committed abominable incest . Therefore we see , that it followeth not , because they dwelt among the wicked , therefore we may . It was not sufficient for Ioseph to haue had a misliking of lying , but hee should haue abstained from it , and detested it in heart . No doubt he being a godly man , otherwise had a misliking of it : but because he did not euen abhorre it , we see how in time he was brought vnto it , and as it were , to make no conscience of it . So it is not sufficient for vs to haue a misliking of vnlawfull apparell , playes , sport , naughtie and vngodly talke , but we must in heart detest it , much more in practise : otherwise by euill companie wee may easily bee drawne to follow them . The Physitions meanes is to bee vsed in time of sicknes , and the plague to be auoided in flying from it : so we must vse meanes to auoide sinne by the word and praier , and as much as we may , the place where it aboundeth , least we be infected . And if it so be , that wee cannot auoide ( for it may bee the Lord will sometimes trie vs with the companie of foolish , vaine , and prophane worldlings , to see how wee will cleaue to him ) if then wee cannot auoide but our eyes shall behold vanitie , our eares shall bee filled with vngratious and gracelesse graces in lying , swearing , and blaspheming the name of our God , then shew your selues to the world , that you are not of the world , assure your owne soules that you are called and chosen of the Lord , not only by a cold kinde of misliking of these things , but by an vtter abhorting and detesting them from the heart : otherwise we may be by Iosephs example , drawne not onely to approue them , but also to commit the like , and to forget our selues , and to heape vp the wrath of God against vs : so that when their destruction commeth , except the Lord shew mercie ( but if we tempt him , hee will shew no mercie ) wee shall be pat takers of all their plagues , and the vengeance which the iust and most righteous God hath threatned to throw downe vpon them . Vers. 14. Againe Ioseph said vnto them , This is it that I spake vnto you , saying , Yee are spies . Ioseph maketh another lie . So wee see that vse is a sore matter , which had brought him to this , that he stucke not at a lie : and yet , we know that the lier euen killeth his owne soule . Nay but see , he left not here , he went further yet . In the fifteenth verse : Hereby yee shall bee prooued : By the life of Pharaoh ye shall not goe hence . Ioseph smelleth by this vse of Idolatrie : hee forsaketh the Lord , and sweareth by him which is no God. Besides , another fault , he commeth neere for swearing and periurie , because his oth commeth very neere a lie , and wee know that vntruth and an oth iumping together maketh periurie : and it cannot bee , but those that sweare readily , must sometimes be for sworne . Ioseph was a Magistrate , Magistrates may goe farre in examining and searching and sifting suspected persons when they appeare before them , that they might come to the truth of the matter : but to affirme flatly and falsely , is against Gods commandement , and therfore a grieuous offence . Vers. 17. So he put them inward three dayes . Now hee did not imprison them of any corrupt affection or desire of reuenge , but there may bee great reasons to shew , that hee vsed great wisdome in his doing First , if Ioseph should not haue done thus , but should at the first haue made himselfe known vnto thē , they for shame would neuer haue gone back againe to their father . Secondly , this dealing thus with them was a meanes to humble them . Thirdly , he might doe thus , that he might be more fully certified of the state of his father . And lastly , the short time of his imprisoning them was a token of his loue towards them . Vers 18. Then Ioseph said ▪ This doe and li●e : for I feare God. As though hee should say : Doe not you feare : for I feare God , I am true and iust Therefore you shall haue no harme , vnlesse you be wicked and vngodly men . I am a m●n that feare God ] Here is a rule of Christian life , especially for Magistrates . Wee must all feare God. All that are in place and authoritie must knowe that they are vnder God ▪ Ioseph considered hereof not now onely , but also in the last chapter of Genesis , when his brethren were afraid of him . Reade from the 14. verse of that chapter , to the 19. where Ioseph saith , Feare not : for I am not vnder God ? And I pray you marke what this consideration wrought in him in the 20. and 21. verses : When ye thought euill against me , God disposed it to good , &c. Now if we feare God , we must pray vnto him for our Magistrates , that he will maintaine his feare among them . For it falleth out that we are often times punished by them , euen especially because we neuer pray for them . Here be rules in this feare of God for religion , for praying vnto God , and praising God : for true keeping of the Sabbath , & for conuersation of life . First , when as to the hindrance of the feare of God any lawes shall come foorth contrary to Gods word , wee must remember that we forget not to feare God , and to stand in aw of his rods , if wee swarue from his word . Secondly , if we doe not on the Sabbath day more than man commandeth , we shewe that we feare man more than God. And lastly , in all our doings and dealings , either with the Lord , or with men , let vs remember to feare God : for if wee feare not God , what wickednesse is there which wee feare to commit ? Abraham when hee came to Abimelechs Court , he feared adulterie ; he had no other reason but this , Because the feare of God was not in that place . Hence euen from the want of the feare of God commeth drunkennes , and selling of wares without conscience , and oppressing of the poore , and heaping vp riches to another end , than hee that gaue them , or rather lent them , hath appointed : against all which , since man cannot make sufficient lawes , it were to be wished that euery man could say truly , and from his heart , I am a man that feareth God. Vers. 21. And they saide one to another , We haue verily sinned against our brother , in that wee saw the arguish of his soule , when hee besought vs , and wee would not heare him , therefore i●t is trouble come vpon vs. Euery word containeth doctrine vpon doctrine . ●irst wee see how necessarie afflictions are to make vs call vpon God. By this reason , by afflictions we feele our sinne : now without we feele our sinnes we call not vpon God. For till we feele the burthen of our sinnes lying vpon our conscience , as it were a weight to presse vs downe into hell , we forget God : we foolishly perswade our selues wee haue no neede , for we can see none . Therefore afflictions are very necessarie for vs , to remember God , to call vpon him , and to bring vs to some assurance also thereby , that wee are the children of God. That affliction is so necessary to feele our sinnes , both daily experience doth teach vs , and examples and testimonies of the children of God doe confirme the same vnto vs. Iosephs brethren all the time of their prosperitie , forget what they had done to Ioseph ; but now when they were in some distresse , they came to themselues , and began to call to account , and to lay before them their hard dealing with their brother . And Dauid saith in the 119 Psalme , Before I was afflicted , I went astray , the ninth part of that Psalme : but ( saith he ) now I keepe thy word . So then wee may boldly conclude , that affliction is a necessarie thing to bring vs to God. And here wee may note the great loue and care that the Lord God hath ouer vs , and his infinite goodnes towards vs in vsing al meanes for our saluation . First the Lord setteth downe his law vnto vs. and hee hath added also threatning and curses to as many as shall neglect or disobey it . But now if neither the law preached , nor yet those threatnings are able to strike a terror into our hearts , thē he vseth yet another meanes , he taketh his rods and fatherly correcteth vs , by that meanes to moue vs to crie to him , & himselfe by our crie to pitie vs , and haue mercie vpon vs. The preaching of the law is necessarie , and the threatnings for transgression of the law must often times bee vsed . Iosephs brethren after they were sore threatned , they then began to be humbled , and to acknowledge their fault . The Lord saide vnto Abimelech : Thou art but a ●ead man , if thou restore not to Abraham his wife againe . So that wee may here see the end of threatnings , e●her they bring a man to knowe his sinne , and so to preuent the punishment due for sinne ; or else they hasten and heape greater punishment vnto vs , if otherwise we doe no● repent . After Iosep●s brethren were threatned they were humbled , and so God repented him of the plague hee was minded to bring vpon them . Abimelech after he was threatned he restored Abraham his wife againe , and so the Lord staied from destroying him . Now there are two sorts of people which would haue Gods promises preached vnto them , and not the law of God. The first are they which would continue in sinne . As for these they are like to the Horse and to the Mule , whose mouthes mus● bee holden with bit and bridle . Another sort there is which would not haue the law , nor the threatnings therof preached vnto them ; and these are they which feele themselues moued with the promises of God. But we cannot be moued liuely with the promises of Christ , except we first by the law , and the threatnings of Iohn , see the full measure of punishment , that our sins haue deserued . Therefore it is very requisit we first haue the law preached vnto vs , that wee may haue a liuely feeling of our sinnes . As those which would not haue the law preached , were said to be of two sorts ; so those that feele their sinnes are also of two sorts : for either they see sinne in generall , or else they are humbled more specially . Those which feele their sinnes , and haue a taste thereof , and see them in general , and not specially ; these must be cut on both sides , they must see sinne on both sides , they must enter into the secrets of the heart , for they haue not yet learned to discerne of thoughts , they must euē haue their very hearts & thoughts laid open vnto them . In the third to the Hebr. we are bidden not to harden our hearts at the word of God. Not to harden our hearts , that is , not only to heare the law preached vnto our eares , & to goe no further ( for so it neuer profiteth vs , nay it is the power of death vnto death vnto vs ) but we must suffer it to soke into vs , to haue his proper working , to pearce & to enter euen to the very secret cogitations of our hearts , that not onely our wicked deedes , our vnfauorie words , but also the fountaine of al these , euen our corrupt nature , our vnbridled and vntamed affections , our heart , which is wonderfull faultie , may be made knowne vnto vs , that we may come to make conscience of our very thoughts , because the thoughts are grieuous breaches of the law of God , who being a Spirit , hath made a law for our heart , for our thoughts , for our soule and conscience : and thus being very loth in the sight of God to offend by thoughts vaine and vngodly , to striue with our flesh , and to haue our affections subdued to the spirit , that so our heart being reformed , all our members may bee conformable in euery respect to the will and commandement of Almightie God. And thus farre must we be humbled , if we will be truly humbled before the Lord. And truly if wee be not rightly humbled before the Lord , we can hardly haue any assurance , that wee are the children of God. For without this humbling of vs , hauing had some taste of the promises of God , wee for the most part resemble the corne that our Sauiour speaketh of sowen in the stonie groūd , which for a time flourished , that is , made a faire face , as many hypocrites can doe now ; But hauing no roote , nor nothing at all in truth , they shew themselues how vnable they are to stand , because they haue no deepnes of ground , the seede of the word neuer begun nor rooted in their hearts . So that we must be truly hūbled before the Lord , and the word must be permitted to rip and lay open vnto vs the very secrets and thoughts of the heart . Now those which see and feele their sinnes , and are alreadie humbled more especially , are humbled either by preaching of the law vnto them , or else by affliction . Affliction is either of the body or of the minde ; of these the Lord sometime to humble vs doth send the one , sometime the other , sometime both , and all to humble vs before his Maiesty : when as he seeth by reason of the corruption of our nature , that the preaching of the law is not sufficient to humble vs , & to strike that terror into our hearts which might make vs duely prepared to receiue into our hearts the sweete and comfortable promises made to vs in Christ , that it might be so rooted , that it might still grow vp euen to the full ripe and perfitage of our Lord and Sauiour Iesus Christ ; because I say our louing father seeth that the law will not suffice vs , therefore it pleaseth him in mercie , who will leaue no way vnassayed for the saluation of his children , to prepare vs by afflicting vs , which can not by the hearing of his law be truly prepared . Now if affliction bee such a notable thing , and the Lord worketh euen eternall life thereby oftentimes to those whom hee hath elected and called to bee his , how louingly ought they to embrace it to whom the Lord so fatherly doth offer it ? and how patiently and chearefully ought they to beare it , in asmuch as they thereby may assure themselues that God hath seuered them from the world , and from those on whom he meaneth to shew no mercie in the day of his wrath ? And as for those whom the Lord as yet hath laid no scourge vpon them , let them not long for it , but let them lay the law of God and the threatnings thereof vnto their hearts to humble them thereby . It is better to be humbled thereby than by affliction , and yet better by affliction than not at all . To commend affliction and to mislike of preaching of the law , is as though one should commend a sore and dangerous purgation , and mislike a good diet . A good diet is able , and it is the ordinarie meanes appointed of God to procure and conserue health , which as many of vs as are not vnwise , will obserue . Now if for want of discretion , or for greedie desire we neglect this , and so by gathering together of ill and noysome humors within vs we endanger our life , yet to saue our life wee will suffer the working of the most strong purgation , that the Physition shall prescribe vs : so the law that is , the ordinarie meanes to make vs apt to heare the word of peace and saluation , and ought of vs to be obserued and applied vnto vs , that we may thereby be preserued rather than by affliction ; yet if our mercifull Lord and only Physition of our soule shall with tender compassion looke vpon our sores , and shall see the maladie of our soule to bee incurable without the strong purgation of affliction , then ought we euen with good courage to take it , except we will suffer and see our endlesse vexation . So purgation is good , but it is more wisedome to obserue diet : and affliction is profitable ; but if the law might take place effectually that were needelesse . Let vs take heed therefore we deceiue not ourselues in thinking that affliction is the only meanes to bring vs to God , and so neglect the due preparing by the law till time of affliction . We see that is the meanes rather than this : and affliction indeede is the curse of God. Now the curse of God is the verifying of his lawe : and though it please God to blesse it ; as he doth alwayes to his children , for all things turne to the best to them that loue him , yet ought it not to be the meanes to humble vs rather than the other . The end of affliction and of threatning both is to humble vs ; and therefore it were better to be humbled by threatning than by experience of punishment ; for the threats of the law may doe this as well as affliction , if we be not vnwise . In our selues we may haue some testimonie of our true humbling in time of affliction , yet is it hard to say for others whether one which now feeleth the hand of God vpon him , and neuer felt any token of Gods displeasure before , be either truly humbled for his sinnes , for which he is afflicted ; or seemeth to be humbled because of the paine that he abideth . Therefore euen he that is afflicted ought to examine his own soule whether he be truly humbled , and feele within himselfe euen a griefe that hee hath so diuersly prouoked God to plague him , acknowledging Gods vnspeakeable mercie and long suffering , that he long ere this did not cleane consumne him : least otherwise the diuel deceiue him , as he hath done diuers , who for a time seemed to bee humbled , because of the heate of their griefe : but afterwards when the Lord hath staied his hand , they shew what their humbling was , they turne againe to sinne as a dogge to his vomit , and as a sow that is washing to her wallowing in the mire . But as for him that feeleth the weight and burthen of his sinnes , and Gods displeasure for sinne , and euen groneth as it were vnder the burthen of sinne , he may finde a heauenly comfort , and assurance of the fauour of God : for if thou seest a man truly humbled , him will I consider saith the Lord. To him will I looke that is of a contrite spirit , and trembleth at my words . Those that are afflicted , are either such as are instructed before , both whence their affliction cometh , and to what ende they are sent , or else they are such as are ignorant , and know nothing hereof . They that are ignorant when they see themselues so punished , they are driuen into great streights , they looke onely vpon the curse of God , they neuer consider the appertinances thereof , and that the cause thereof is the transgression of Gods law , and that it is sinne for which God is angry , and that which hee punisheth in them : vpon which their blindnes they attribute the cause of their paine either to Witches , or to naturall causes , or fortune , or some such thing ; and hereupon to be released of their griefe they goe and runne and ride to wise men as they call them , to Witches , yea oftentimes to the Diuell himselfe , and vse all vnlawfull meanes that they can deuise . But for these what remedie is there ? surely euen first to consider that their afflictions are sent from God. Secondly , to enquire at his word the cause that moued the Lord to lay them vpon them . The Lord no doubt will answere them out of his word , that it was sinne . Thirdly the end which the Lord hath set downe , which is to humble vs. Now if wee consider that the Lord hath sent it , that sinne was the cause thereof , and wee bee truly humbled because of our sinnes , then may wee bee bold to seeke to the waters of comfort , and drinke freely of the water of life , which our Sauiour hath promised to all that come vnto him to be refreshed . They which are instructed both whence affliction commeth , and wherefore , and to what end , they commonly are very sory , and do earnestly repent them ; and although they are something troubled , because before they were neuer sufficiently humbled , yet are they not dismaid , they haue the stay in themselues : they hold it as most certaine , that their God as he is all wisedome , and therefore knoweth all things that are best , so hee is infinite in mercie , and putteth vpon him the affection of a father to those that feare him , and giueth nothing to his children but those things which may be best for them ; and therefore they know he scourgeth as a father , or beateth as a schoolemaster ; and no tender father or wise schoolemaster will correct the child with beating when words may serue : so that they knowe the Lord was euen to take his rod in hand before hee could renew them , and hereby hee meaneth to fine them , that they may come out of afflictions as fined gold , whom the Lord will make vessels to eternall glorie . That which is set downe here of the afflictions of Iosephs brethren , wee may tearme more rightly by the name of scaring , than of punishment and affliction ; for they were but put in feare onely , and though they were put in ward ; it was but for a very small time : and wee reade of no correction that was laid vpon them ; no , it appeareth by Iosephs affection to them , who could not abstaine , but was faine often to burst forth into teares when he had gone from them , that he so tendred them as his brethren ; when by the wisedome of the spirit of God hee made a shewe as though hee would deale very hardly with them , yet this fearing and searing of them it humbled them , and draue them to confesse , and to say one to another , we haue vtterly sinned against our brother , in that wee saw the anguish of his soule , when hee besought vs , and wee would not heare him : therefore is this trouble come vpon vs. And here we see how they confessed their fault when they were scared , before they ●eit any punishment vpon them ; which may be an argument , that it was a true humbling from the heart , with a griefe not of the punishment , for there was yet none laid vpon them , but of their sinnes , which then they brought into their remembrance , and it lay as a burthen vpon their conscience , that they euen saw Gods iudgements readie to giue sentence of condemnation against them , except they preuented him by speedie repentance . Whereas if it had been done , and had been in time of affliction that they had been so humbled , it had been hard to say , whether it had been done truely or dissemblingly , with a feeling of their sinnes , or the greatnes of their griefe which they sustained , as is said before . Thus we may learne , that the Lord God doth not onely , to humble vs before his Maiestie , set forth the law vnto vs , and preach vnto vs the threatnings thereof , and then if they take no place amongst vs , he laieth his rods and scourges vpon our backs ; but commonly of his infinite wisedome and mercie , before hee afflicteth , betweene the preaching of the law and affliction , he scareth vs , he shaketh the rod of correction ouer vs ; and before he punisheth , hee sheweth tokens of displeasure , and that wee haue prouoked him to anger : wherefore we haue experience of his great mercie in this land amongst vs at this day . We haue had the law preached vnto vs , loe these twentie yeeres ; but where is any humbling , any confessing of sinnes before the Lord ? nay , wee neglect the word , and haue it in contempt amongst vs , wee euen loath the bread of the Lord , which is of power to worke saluation to all that by faith shall feede thereon ; we preferre our pleasures before the keeping of the Lordes Sabbaths ; wee esteeme of the Lord himselfe ( who hath made vs of nothing , bought vs with a price , euen his owne blood , and who one day will call all before him to iudgement ) as nothing : we come to pray to him with lesse reuerence than to miserable men ; our lips say some prayers vnto God , but our hearts haue some other Gods , namely , our belly or our goods , wherein we wholy delight , and in whom wee onely trust . And indeed it is lamentable , that prayers are saide of a number to keepe a custome , and a fashion , euen mocking of God and deceiuing our own soules . Will the Lord suffer this ? Is the sacrifice acceptable that commeth not from an humbled and prepared heart ? no , hee will not accept it . All these abominations are in the land , and may not the Lord haue good cause to visit amongst vs ? nay , to come euen in iudgement against vs ? And yet see the vnspeakable mercie , and the long suffering , and the exceeding loue of God towards vs , who hath for borne his rods thus long , and yet destroieth vs not , but before his beesome of destruction shall come to sweepe vs away , hee sheweth vs foretokens of his displeasure ; he now beginneth to scare vs , to see if yet by this meanes he may humble vs , and so preserue vs from those plagues and iudgements which hee is presently purposed to bring vpon all the vngodly of the earth . But how doth the Lord scare vs , and what whips be they wherewith he meaneth to scourge ? They are many , and we cannot see them all , but there are three especiall plagues which the Lord is readie to powre vpon vs , and three manner of waies there be , whereby the Lord scareth vs , which are verie plaine and manifest , and almost euerie childe may perceiue . He scareth vs by feare of dear●● and famine , whereof this vnseasonable weather , these immoderate waters which wee haue had , cannot but be fearefull tokens . He scareth vs by tokens of a pestilence to come amongst vs , which is alreadie laide vpon the necks of many of our brethren in this land , not onely farre off , as at Yarmouth , at Norwich , and diuers other places which wee know not , but also in this shire at Ely , wee knowe not how night it is our owne doores . A third way there is , whereby he scareth vs , and that is more fearefull than all these , and that is by the secret deuices of our enemies , whom the Lord hath stirred vp euen to threaten a separating of vs from his Maiestie , and from his word , and the continuance of his gouernment by his word amongst vs , and a captiuitie , a subduing of vs to false gods , and an ignorance of all the lawes and commaundements of our good God , whom only to serue is perfit felicitie . And this is a sore scaring : the other are sore for the time ; but this punishment , if it commeth , it shall end at no time . We may partly see it , I would to God we could as well consider of it , and euen yet at the length before we feele the rod , as did the brethren of Ioseph , acknowledge our sinnes before the Lord , whom we haue prouoked to wrath , humble our selues before him , and call for mercy , and euen by prayer stand in the gap , and preuent the punishment prepared for vs. Now let vs herein learne one point of wisedome more , which is , if God sometime shall threaten vs by scaring , and shall sit him downe againe a little , and it falleth not out presently that wee be punished , let vs not thereby get occasion to flatter and deceiue our selues , as though Gods rods were then cleane ouerpast , as a storme caried away with a clowd ; but let vs carefully consider what were the causes that moued him to threaten vs , and no doubt wee shall finde that euen they were causes sufficient to prouoke him to plague vs : and if we will not call them to minde , and confesse them while we haue respit giuen vs , they wil neuer lin yelling and crying in the cares of the iust and righteous iudge for whole vessels full of vengeance to consume vs vtterly . Now as for the godly , and those that feare the Lord , and haue their hearts vpright before him , they are as it were forewarned and fully prepared whatsoeuer plagues come , they know that nothing shall come nigh them to hurt them , and they can see a glimmering of the thing a great way off , and the Lord telleth them before hand what he is minded to doe : he told Noah before hand of the great iudgement of waters when the whole world was drowned for sinne : he told Lot how hee was minded to burne and boyle vp the filth of Sodom : he told Moses before how he would destroy the Aegyptians : yea and the Prophet Dauid speaketh truly , The Lord reuealeth his secrets to them that feare him ; and yet notwithstanding the deare children of God , when as nothing will serue , they must then needes looke for affliction . And if it be so that affliction must needes come , let vs yet pray to God rather to lay any plague vpon vs than the famine of his word , and the subiection to the enemies of his grace ; yea let vs hartily confesse our sinnes before God as Dauid did at the threatning of the Lord by his Prophet : and if the Lord might put vs in choise ( if it seemed good vnto his Maiestie ) whether we would flye before our enemies , or whether we would wish , or chose rather a dearth in the land , or a pestilence ; let vs from our hearts beseech the Lord God that we may rather fall into the hands of the Lord , than into the hands of cruell and persecuting men . The summe of all is . 1 Precepts to flye ill companie , which is the plague of our soule . Not only to mislike , but also to detest from the heart a wicked custome , least wee giue consent and reach ou● hands vnto sinne , as Ioseph and Lot did . 2 To beware of swearing by false gods , which is idolatry . 3 To beware of often swearing , for feare of periury . 4 How the Lord hath two meanes of humbling vs , the law , and affliction . FINIS . THE FOVRTEENTH SERMON . Hebr. 13. vers . 17. Obey them that haue the ouersight of you , and submit your selues , for they watch for your soules , as they that must giue accounts , that they may doe it with ioy , and not with griefe : for that is vnprofitable for you . WHensoeuer it pleaseth the Lord God by his prouidence to call me to preach his word vnto his people ( as he hath at this present called me vnto you ( reuerend Fathers and brethren beloued in our Lord Iesus ) my desire is to intreate of such a parcell of his most holy word , as may minister matter both to stirre vp and rouse them out of the denne of ignorance which haue not knowne Iesus Christ , nor the sweetnes of his grace , and also to pricke forward them which haue receiued some measure of the Spirit of God , assuring them of saluation purchased by Iesus Christ , to a greater studie and care for to increase this inestimable treasure . The Lord of his great mercy therefore hath presented vnto me , such a place for my desired purpose , as I hope by the assistance of his holy Spirit shall be profitable both to you & to my selfe . The words are written in the thirteenth chapter of the Epistle to the Hebrues , and in the seuenteenth verse : Obey them that haue the ouersight of you , &c. The spirit of God doth most plainly set foorth vnto vs in this place : 1 First , what duties the Ministers of God doe owe vnto his people , declared in these words , They watch for your soules . 2 Secondly , what dutie the people owe vnto them againe , expressed herein : Obey them that haue the ouersight of you , and submit your selues . 3 Thirdly , the fruites that come of weldoing of these duties to both parts , that is , both to the Minister and to the people . 4 Fourthly , what danger it is not to doe them well . We must first speake of the duties of Ministers . But before we enter into it , it is very necessarie , that we consider whether it be requisite to haue a Minister or no , and also to what vse and end we should haue him . For if it were not needfull to haue a Pastor , it were in vaine to speake of the dutie of a Minister . Whereas the holy Ghost saith . Obey them that haue the ouersight ouer you &c. It is meant of the Pastors of the Church , of the dispensers of the holy word of God. For there were placed ouer the Church of God , both Pastors , Doctors and Elders , which were certaine graue wise men appointed to looke to the manners of the children of God , and not to be alders and helpers of the Ministers of God in the furtherance of his office : and whereas they saw any disorder among the children of God , they were to admonish them of it ; which if it would not serue , together with the whole congregation would vse admonitions : but if they would not be obedient thereunto , such was the authoritie of the Church , that they might excommunicate them , & so rend them off from the Saints fellowship , and deliuer them to the diuell , that thereby they might be driuen to true repentance for their sinnes , and haue their soules saued . To these ouerseers doth the Apostle will them to be obedient , and doth not meane generally all kinde of superiors and ciuil Magistrates , as in diuers other places of the Scripture . In Rom. 13. 1. 2. 3. and Titus 3. 1. also 1. Pet. 2. 13. we must take it in this place according to the Scriptures : in the first Epistle to the Theslasonians , and fist chapter , S. Paul writeth in this sort : Now we beseech you , brethren , that ye acknowledge them , which labour among you , and are ouer you in the Lord , and admonish you , that ye haue them in singular loue for their workes sake . Be at peace among your selues . Here the Apostle also speaketh of them that rule ouer mens consciences by the ministerie of Gods word , and not of ciuill Magistrates . We see therefore that it is meant that there should be a gouernour ouer euery congregation , which we call in our English tongue a Pastor . Only this remaineth among vs , that we haue Pastors , Doctors , or Teachers and Ministers . How necessarie they are , our Sauiour Christ testifieth in the ninth chapter of his Gospell after S. Matthew : But when he saw the multitude , he had compassion vpon them , because they were dispersed , and scattered abroad , as sheepe hauing no shepheard . This people by whom our Sauiour Christ spake , had the Scribes and Pharisies , great learned Clerkes , Doctors of the Law , and yet he saith , that they wanted shepheards : and therefore he willed his Disciples to pray to the Lord of the haruest , that hee would send foorth labourers into his haruest . Whereby he noteth , that those only be true Pastors which be labourers . He likeneth true Ministers to faithfull shepheards , and the people of God to a flocke of sheep , taking the occasion of this similie , according to that countrey where were many mountaines , deserts and wildernesses , so that their sheepe without a shepheard were scattered abroad very dangerously , in that so many wolues and sauage beasts laid waite in euery corner to deuour the sillie sheepe . In like case are they that haue not a Pastor , that laboureth faithfully in preaching the word of God , which is the instrument which God hath appointed to pull his people into the sheepfold of Iesus Christ , where they are without daunger of destruction : when as all they that are without a Pastor , are wandring abroad to their owne destruction : such horrible disorder is there , where Gods word is not truly preached . In another place he saith : O Ierusalem , Ierusalem , how often would I haue gathered thy children together , as the henne gathereth her chickens vnder her wings , and ye would not . This people dwelt all together , they were not scattered here one & there another , but abode whole in that goodly citie of Ierusalem : yet because they were not in the vnitie of the spirit of the household of God , they were scattered abroad in most miserable disorder . For the Church of Iesus Christ is not in one place onely , but dispersed and scattered in diuers places throughout the whole world , and yet are they all of one household , all of one sheepfold , and are vnited together in one spirit : and though we be here , yet are we of the same number and flocke with them in Germany , so long as we are of the true faith of Iesus Christ , for their faith and ours is all one , their spirit and our spirit all one , according to the words of the Apostle : There is one bodie , and one spirit , euen as ye are called in one hope of your vocation . There is one Lord , one faith , one baptisme , one God and father of all , which is aboue all , and through all , and in you all . We must therefore take this as the Scripture teacheth , that the ministerie of his word is the necessariest thing in the world , which cannot be done without faithfull Pastors and distributers of the same . For when the Lord will beget your soules , which he doth not by mortall seede , but by the immortall seede of his word , he will appoynt you a spirituall father also . He neuer establisheth any kingdome , but he appointeth a King , and when he hath any scholler , he prouideth him a schoolemaster to instruct and teach him his most holy will. For this is most certaine , where a Common-weale is without gouernment , the case is very miserable , one man shall not liue by another . Againe , if there be such gouernours , as vse tyrannie , oppression , and seeke to enrich themselues , gathering and scraping all into their hands ; what miserable slauerie shall the poore people be brought into ? So it is in the church of God , if such be placed ouer it , as be blind , vnable to feede the flock , such as seeke their owne pleasure , to fill their bellies , to cloathe their backes , to enrich their coffers , and to liue as they list , the people of God shall be in miserable case , as blinde men groping out of the way , and be deuoured of their aduersarie the diuell ( who as a roring lion walketh about seeking whom he may deuoure ) because they know not how to resist him by a stedfast faith , and so be led away captiue vnto hell . This commeth of not hauing a Pastor , or hauing such a one as regardeth not the soules of his people . For the end why the Lord placeth faithfull and labouring pastors of his Church , is , that they may teach his children out of his word the way to heauen sincerely and purely : and such gouernours must wee obey and bee ruled by them according to the word of God. Neither must we say in heart , Who shall ascend into heauen ? ( that is to bring Christ from aboue ) or who shall descend into the deepe ? ( that is to bring Christ againe from the dead ) but the word of God is neere thee , euen in thy mouth , and in thine heart . We must therefore obey the true Ministers and faithfull laborers in the Lords Vineyard , and learne by that holsome doctrine which they bring vnto vs , how to attaine vnto saluation : for there is no other meanes in the world to come vnto Christ than by the preaching of the word , according to that saying of S. Paul ▪ faith is by hearing , and hearing by the word of God : and as hee speaketh a little before , how shall they heare without a Preacher ? We may therefore draw a very strong argument to proue that faithfull Ministers are appointed of God to this ende , only to bring home his children into the sheepfold of Iesus Christ. True faith maketh vs only heires of the kingdome of heauen ; faith cannot be attained without hearing of Gods word preached ; the word of it selfe cannot bee preached without a Preacher : therefore Preachers are the onely meanes appointed of God to worke faith in his children by the preaching of Gods word , and the secret working of the holy Ghost , whereby they are made partakers of the promises . Whosoeuer therefore is not content with this ordinance of God , but would haue some further reuelation from heauen , shall neuer be partakers of the benefites of Iesus Christ. He himselfe declareth in the parable of the rich glutron , that whosoeuer would not beleeue the messengers of God which are the Preachers of the word , they would not beleeue though one should rise from the dead to instruct them . For in the word of God is set forth most clecrely and manifestly the true and certaine rule to liue by , and the meanes whereby to attaine vnto saluation . Therefore it is too too much vngodlines to desire any other meanes to bee instructed by , than by the word of God , which is the verie gate of heauen , and the keyes thereof are giuen to the true Ministers of Gods word , with such power , that whatsoeuer they bind on the earth , shall be bound in heauen , and whatsoeuer they loose vpon earth , shall be loosed in heauen . So wonderfull is the mercie of God toward his children herein , that they may haue assurance of saluation in this life ; vea so certaine may they be of it , as if they had it alreadie in possession , and that not by preaching of Angels , but euen by our owne brethren , mortall men as we are , subiect to sinne and all infirmities , at whose hands we may daily bee taught , and with whom we may talke familiarly , and at their hands through the word of God wee may haue as good assurance hereof , as if the Lord should speake himselfe from heauen . If God should speake , we were not able to abide the hearing of his voyce , but bee euen swallowed vp of feare . How were the children of Israel terrified with the voyce of the Lord ? when he spake vnto them they fled away , and stood a farre off , and cried to Moses , Talke thou with vs and wee will heare : but let not God talke with vs , least wee die . What a vaine and vngodly thing were it to perswade our selues that we could beleeue if wee heard God himselfe speake , or if one came from the dead , to tell vs what wee should beleeue , when as the very earth will quake at the voyce of God ? And our Sauiour Christ telleth vs plainely , that if we beleeue not the true Preachers of his word , wee could not beleeue though a damned soule should come from hell to preach vnto vs : the reason is , because the ordinance of God , which is vnchangeable hath appointed our brethren to teach vs the way vnto saluation . And truely it is a notable place where our Sauiour Christ doth seperate his from the reprobate : Then came the Iewes round about him , and saide vnto him , How long doest thou make vs doubt ? If thou be that Christ , tell vs plainely . Iesus answered them , I told you , and ye beleeue not : the workes which I doe in my Fathers name , they beare witnes of mee . But yee beleeue not : for yee are not of my sheepe , as I saide vnto you . My sheepe heare my voyce , and I knowe them , and they follow mee . And I giue vnto them eternall life , and they shall neuer perish , neither shall any plucke them out of mine hand . Wee see then it is a great argument of reprobation , when our hearts be so hard , that wee cannot beleeue the Gospell of Iesus Christ , for this is an infallible truth , that those which are the Lords , in his time he calleth , and they shall abide and neuer fall away ; but those that are not his shall fall away , although they haue been passing cunning hypocrites in outward holinesse . The children of God will acknowledge this meanes , and praise the wisedome of God , which hath thereby quite transfourmed them , and chaunged their whole man , in sanctifying them by his holy spirit , and giuing of them assurance of saluation , which they confesse could neuer haue come to passe without the preaching of the word . This authoritie is giuen to the Ministers to pronounce the terrible iudgements of God against sinne , and whosoeuer hee bee that doth not repent and turne from the same , shall be as sure of euerlasting damnation , as if hee were already in hell . Againe , to the penitent , whose consciences are burdened with griefe for their sinnes , he may pronounce the sweete promises of the Gospell , how Iesus Christ hath died for them , and hath discharged them before the iudgement seate of GOD , and they shall be as sure of saluation , as if our Sauiour Christ should speake from heauen himselfe , ( who is Trueth and cannot lye ) and say : Whosoeuers sinnes yee remit , they are remitted vnto them : and whosoevers sinnes yee retaine , they are retained . This is a wonderfull thing , and this shall Gods children confesse an vnspeakeable goodnesse of the Lord God , in sending our brethren with such power . Sith then this is so necessarie , they which will not confesse this to be the ordinance and meane appointed of the Lord God , to bring his children home vnto his heauenly Kingdome , either neuer heard of Iesus Christ , or else in miserable hypocrisie haue heard and professed the Gospell , which shall be a testimonie to their consciences , euen to their vtter condemnation . Now we haue heard the necessitie of a Pastor , and the vse wherevnto he is appointed it is requisite that we consider what dutie the Pastor oweth vnto his ●●ocke : for as the Lord , when he establisheth a Kingdome , will chuse a King , so will hee also giue him , first a Kings heart , before he setteth him in his seate ; so when hee prepareth a spirituall father to beget soules vnto himselfe , hee giueth him gifts and power to doe the same , as Saint Paul testifieth , writing to the Ephesians : But vnto euery one of vs is giuen grace , according to the measure of the gifts of Christ : Wherefore he saith , when hee ascendeth vp on high , hee led captiuitie captiue , and gaue gifts vnto men : so that first the Lord giueth gifts , and secondly men . This must be the dutie of the Minister ( as the holy Ghost telleth vs ) to watch ouer the soules of his people , to be so carefull ouer them , as that hee will not suffer one through his negligence to perish , but by his earnest labouring in preaching the word of God , to build them vp into a stronger faith , which are already begotten vnto the Lord , and also to winne others to Christ , and so increase the mysticall bodie of Christ , so much as his diligence by the blessing of God shall be able . 1. First , therefore , it is requisite in the Ministers office , that he studie the word of God , that he doe diligently reade the same , and also giue himselfe vnto prayer . 2. Secondly , after that he hath studied the word of God , he must come out of his study to teach and instruct his flocke , to deliuer forth vnto them wholesome doctrine , for the nourishment of their soules . 3. Thirdly , he must liue a godly life , shewing himselfe an example and patterne of godlinesse for his people to imitate , that the mouthes which are ready to slaunder the Gospell , may be stopped , and hee must watch ouer his flocke , that they be not deceiued with false doctrine . 4. Last of all , he must not refuse to giue his life for them . Concerning the first , that Ministers must giue themselues diligently to reading , as it is manifest in the fourth chapter of the first Epistle to Timothie , where he exhorteth Timotheus , with these words : Till I come , giue attendance to reading , to exhortation , and to doctrine . If that reading the word of God were not very needefull , yea , and the first poynt of the Ministers of God , this faithfull seruant of God Saint Paul , would neuer haue willed Timotheus to vse ▪ such diligence therein , who neuer moued anie to do those things which were not profitable , and himselfe for the example of others , vsed the same : therefore it is certaine that Saint Paul vsing great diligence therein , found such commoditie as moued him to exhort Timotheus , and in him all other Ministers thereunto . But if Saint Paul , who was more than a Minister , euen an Apostle , called thereunto extraordinarily , by the mouth of Iesus Christ himselfe from heauen ; if he I say , which was placed in so high an office , and called with so worthie a calling , gaue himselfe diligently to reading and studying the word of God : how much more ought the Ministers , which haue not so excellent a calling as he had ? The Prophet Malachie sheweth a reason hereof : The Priests lippes should preserue knowledge , and the people should seeke the law at his mouth , for he is the messenger of the Lord of hostes : if the people must learne the will of God at the Ministers mouth , it is requisite that he himselfe studie and reade the w●rd of God diligently , where his holy will is reuealed , that he may be able to declare the same vnto the people , to the which end the Lord hath placed them ouer his people . So that he must be as it were the storehouse of the Lord , and the children of God must come to learne , and he must minister necessarie doctrine vnto them , as occasion shall be offered , that all seuerall heresies may be rooted out of the peoples hearts , and so be brought vnto God , to serue him in true holinesse according to perfect religion ; & hereby we may know , that whosoeuer doth not thus , is not the seruant of the Lord. The reading and meditating in Gods word is so necessarie , that the Lord commaunded Iosua being a ciuill Magistrate , That the booke of his law should neuer depart out of his mouth , but that he should meditate therein day and night : Noting thereby how hard and vnpossible a thing it is for Magistrates to gouerne the Common-wealth aright and orderly , without continuall studie of Gods word , which is the perfit and absolute rule , whereby as well Magistrates as all other sorts of people must measure their affaires and order of life : for this cause also must not the ciuill Magistrate be ignorant of the law of God , that their ciuill law might be established according to the law morall , and therefore they ought continually to reade and meditate therein : but if this be the dutie of ciuill Magistrates to be alwaies conuersant in the word of God , how much more is it the dutie of spirituall Pastors , whose office consisteth in the ministerie thereof ? The Prophet Dauid in the first Psalme , when he would describe who are they that are blessed , includeth them in this number , They that delight in the law of the Lord , & meditate therein day and night : so that euery priuate man if he will be blessed , must continually meditate in the word of God , and haue his whole delight and pleasure therein . The Minister therefore of necessitie must teach the people , he must learne first ; for it is not possible for him to teach another that which he himselfe hath not learned : which is a strong argument to prooue the first part concerning his studie , and reading of the word : which as we haue prooued to be the first point in his office , so will we , God willing , make manifest in this point of his duty , that he ought also to teach the same , and must not keepe continually in his studie filling himselfe with knowledge , till he become as full as a tunne that will not sound when one knocketh vpon it : but he must come out of his closet and preach the word of God and deliuer forth holsome doctrine , and so declare by feeding of the flocke of Christ that they loue their maister Christ , whose seruants they professe themselues to be . Let these deepe learned Clerkes , which bragge and vaunt of such deepe knowledge and abundance of learning , come forth and shew the same , that we may beare record that it is so : for if they be the seruants of the Lord , they must not haue knowledge buried in themselues , but in their lippes , that Gods children may be taught thereby to attaine vnto saluation : for the Lord hath ordained the preaching of his word to be the onely meanes , whereby he calleth together his elect ; and to that ende hath he giuen gifts to men , that by their labour the body of Iesus Christ might be perfited . He gaue them not a talent to hide in the ground , but to occupie & increase the same : let them be assured therefore when our King shall come to call vs to account , they shal as hardly be handled , for not occupying & increasing it to his glory , as they should , if they cōtemptuously throw the same away . The Minister therefore of Gods word must not onely be learned but must teach also : for how can he be a minister of doctrine , but in this respect that he teacheth , executing that office of his ministry ? And this teaching is none other thing , but to preach the word of God sincerely , and purely with a care of the glory of God , and a desire of the saluation of our brethren : & secōdly a reuerent administration of the sacraments , according to the order & institution of our Sauiour Iesus Christ. Whosoeuer therefore shall not thus labour , is not the minister of the Lord , but a robber and spoiler of the people of God , which thrust themselues into the ministrie , to fill their belly only with the sweate of other mens browes . Now as it is necessary that the Minister ouer and besides reading and studying the word , must also ●each the same ; So hee must take heede that he obseru● the right order of teaching , and must not deu●●e doctrine of his owne head . But if hee will be a good builder , his foundation must be Iesus Christ , for another foundation can no man lay , and vpon the same he must not build timber , hay , or stubble ; whereby is meant all curious and vnprofitable questions , and vaine ostentation , but he must build gold , siluer , and precious stone ▪ by which precious substance is noted the most excellent and pure doctrine of the Gospell . And hereby shall you knowe his argument , if hee beate downe the st●●fenecked and obstinate sinners , by threatning the rigor of the law , and the terrible iudgements of God against the violaters thereof : and on the contrarie , by healing the bruised and wounded consciences with sinne , with the sweete promises of the Gospell . If any man therefore shall labour to lay any other foundation , and vse any other order of doctrine than this , he is an Antichrist , that is to say , against Christ , and no Christian. He must teach them all the counsell of God , and keepe nothing backe , but whatsoeuer concerneth the saluation of his flocke , that must he teach them : yea , so absolute must his doctrine be , that there must be no point of the will of God , pertaining to the saluation of his children , but the Minister must be both able and diligent to declare . Therefore it is requsite and needfull , that a rare gift of God be added , who onely openeth their vnderstanding , that they might vnderstand the scriptures , wherein the most holie will of God is reuealed , and nothing that is needfull for our saluation omitted : so that whosoeuer knoweth not the scriptures must needs erre and be deceiued : but the Minister who must declare all the counsell of God vnto his children , must be very perfect therein . Moreouer , he must improue , rebuke , exhort , and stirre vp , first , himselfe to a great care of doing his duty faithfully ; then must he also by all meanes spurre forward the godly , gently & louingly , exhorting to hold fast the profession of their hope , in the assurance of faith , making their election more surely knowne vnto themselues , by their godly life : and the rather to bring them forward herein with willingnes and great readinesse , he ought to set before them the wonderfull mercie of the Lord God , shewed towards them , in that he hath out of all the world elected them to be heires of his kingdome , where they shall ●aigne for euer , in such vnspeakable ioyes , as neither eye hath see●e , eare hath heard , neither hath at any time entred into the heart of man. He must not be ashamed to rebuke & reproue such as will not be obedient to the Gospell , but remaine still wallowing in their sinne : & if that wholesome admonitions will not serue , hee must not spare to thunder out the iust iudgements of God against them , vntill he hath beaten them down to hell with the terrors therof , and after true repentance , to raise them vp euen to the heauens , and daily strengthen them more and more : so that to the impenitent hee must pronounce damnation because he is still vnder the law , and vnder the curse of the law , and that hee shall be sure to be tormented euerlastingly , if he doe not repent : but the penitent that labour with a burdened conscience for sinne , and are wounded with griefe for the same , he shall comfort with blessed promises of the Gospell , declaring vnto him , that hee is not vnder the law , but vnder grace , and so build him into a liuely faith in Iesus Christ. This must the Minister doe both openly and priuately : for it is not sufficient that hee preach the word of God openly in the pulpet , but hee must goe to euery mans house , and there diligently instruct both him and his house in the feare of God : and not as the manner of some is , to goe to folks houses to tell them a tale , and flatter them with faire words and glozing speeches , to the end they might fill their bellie sat another mans table , or get some other benefite which hee hunteth after . These be hirelings and time-seruers ▪ which thrust themselues into the Ministerie for lucres sake , and because they would liue idlie , and take no paines for their liuing , but contrary to the commaundement of God to liue of other mens labours , these are not true Ministers , but such as the Prophet Malachy speaketh of in the first chapter of his Prophecie . The true Pastor must not haue any such purpose : but as it is his dutie to labour to winne the soules of his people vnto Iesus Christ , so must he vse all meanes both publikely , & priuately , which may further his ministerie and make it profitable . We might proue out of diuers places of the word of God this his dutie , both by the example of our Sauiour Christ , the perfect patterne for al mē to follow , who did not onely preach openly in the Synagogue , but priuately in mens houses . The Apostles did so likewise , and S. Paul witnesseth the same in the 20 ▪ chapter of the Acts with these words : I kept backe nothing that was profitable , but haue shewed you , and taught you openly and throughout euery house . This is the dutie of a good Pastor . The reason hereof is very good , because that which is spoken generally to all , is regarded of very few or none : so wonderfully hath Satan stopped mens eares and blinded their vnderstanding ▪ that either they will not hearken at all , or else hearing , will neuer applie the same to their consciences : and therefore to preuent this , the Minister shall not sticke to instruct them priuately , when as they shall haue no such occasion to apply that to other mē that is spoken particularly to themselues . By this meanes , if the Lord hath appointed so , they may be brought home , or else haue the testimonie of his word in their consciences , euen to make them vnexcusable at the latter day . Furthermore , this must he not seldome , now & then once in a moneth , or euery quarter ●●● ▪ he cannot so discharge his conscience before the Lord , who hath appointed him to feede his flocke continually : but this cannot liue and continue without foode , no more can the soule liue , vnlesse it be cōtinually fed and nourished with the milke of Gods word . He must therefore feede them continually , as we reade that carefull shepheard S. Paul did , when he tooke his leaue to depart from Ephesus , after he had committed the keeping of Gods flocke vnto the Elders of the Church , and giuen them warning of false teachers which would be busie with them after his departure , and therefore exhorted them to watch . Remember ( saith he ) that by the space of three yeeres I ceased not to warne euery one , both night and day with teares . This diligence must be in Ministers to be euermore teaching , that if the Lord doe not blesse at one time , yet he may at another , they know not the time wherein the Lord will call any of his flocke , he must therefore vse the meanes diligently at all times , both in season and out of season , as S. Paul writeth to Timothy : I charge thee therefore before God , and before the Lord Iesus Christ , which shall iudge the quicke and the dead at that his appearing , and in his kingdome . Preach the word : be instant , in season and out of season , &c. It is no small matter to haue such a charge laid vpon him , as is here set downe , and is giuen to all Ministers as well as to Timotheus , that euen as they will answere before the iudgement seate of God , when the secrets of all hearts shall be opened , so they will preach the word instantly , purely and continually , both in season and out of season , omitting no occasion that may be profitable . It is the manner of men to count it out of season , if it be not the Lords day , and therefore they will not let a little businesse of other daies to heare the word of God preached , which tendeth to their welfare . The Ministers must labour for their sakes both out of season and in season : but if they be more mindfull of their worldly pleasures or businesse , than of the saluation of their soules , their blood shall be vpon their owne head . But when the Minister hath thus studied the word diligently , preached the word purely , declaring the counsell of God , exhorted both gently and sharply , laboured to win mens soules both openly and priuately , and that very carefully as well out of season as in season , to what end will all this come ? Paul may plant , Apollo also water , but it is God that must giue the increase . Though the Minister laboureth neuer so earnestly , doing his dutie absolutely , yet if God doth not blesse and increase the same , all is in vaine . As therefore the Minister is the mouth of God to speake vnto the people , so must he be the peoples mouth , and pray vnto the Lord both for himselfe and for them , that the Lord will blesse him and them , and graunt that the ministery of his word may be profitable both to himselfe and to them , and that the glory of God may be increased by the same . Thus we reade our Sauiour did , who being very God as well as man , and had power of himselfe to sanctifie the eares and hearts of them which heard him , and to make his preaching profitable in such measure as himselfe listed , yet for an example to all other which should come after , he prayed to his father both for himselfe and vs. S. Paul also in all his Epistles testifieth how continually he maketh mention of them in his prayers . The Ministers therefore must pray , and that without ceasing , as well priuately by himselfe , as openly in the congregation : and this promise hath our Sauiour made , that whatsoeuer we shall aske the father in his name shall be graunted vnto vs. In administring the Sacraments he must also be very circumspect , and although children are to be receiued into the Church by Baptisme , and not to be denied , because the promises do as well pertaine vnto them , as vnto the aged ; yet are they to be baptized in the faith of the parēts ; for there is no promise made to the infidels . The Minister therfore must require an account of this faith of such as bring children to be baptized , least otherwise he seale to a blancke , and so prophane the Sacramēt , which appertaineth to none but to the faithfull . Furthermore he must not admit all men that come rashly to eate the flesh and drinke the blood of Christ , for it is no small matter : but first they must eate it by faith out of the word of God , and when hee hath so done , the Minister shall administer to him the outward seales of bread and wine , to confirme and strengthen his faith . The third point of the Ministers is ; He must liue a godly life , shewing himselfe an example to all his flock , least the word of God bee slandered through his euill behauiour : for although he preach neuer so good doctrine , yet if his life be wicked , and contrarie to his doctrine , such is the sabtiltie of Sathan , who thereby will bring the Gospell into contempt , and be counted a vaine thing of men , because the Minister teacheth one thing , and doth another : this were a grieuous and intolerable matter , that the Minister should open the mouthes of the wicked to blaspheme the Lord God and his most holy word , which is the power of God vnto saluation . Therefore S. Paul together with pure doctrine giueth it in charge to Titus , in all things shewe thy selfe an ensample of good workes with vncorrupt doctrine , with grauitie , integritie , and with the wholsome word which cannot bee condemned , that hee which withstandeth , may bee ashamed , hauing nothing of you to speake euill of . The Apostle law no small occasion to vse so waightie an admonition , that aboue all other things ioyne to pure doctrine a godly life , yea such an ensample of grauitie , integritie , and all other good works agreeable to the most wholesome word which no man is able in any respect to reproue , that the contemptuous and despitefull aduersarie against the truth may be ashamed to open their mouthes , when as they are not able to accuse the Minister of any vngodlines ; for the word it selfe is so perfect and absolute in all respects , that no man can finde fault thereat : but if the Minister contrary to the word doth liue wickedly & vngodly , he doth not only purchase euill report vnto himselfe , but also giueth occasion vnto the enemies and despisers of the truth most wickedly to sl●nder the most precious Gospell of Iesus Christ. The Minister must therefore liue a godly and vnblameable life , euen for an example of well doing to all his flocke . Againe the spirit of God in that he saith , they must watch ouer mens soules , declareth a wonderfull care , that the Minister ought to haue ouer his own soule : for if he be bound to watch ouer other mens soules to the ende he may be saued and not perish , if in the meane time he letteth his owne perish , what shall hee get ? truly it will no whit profit him though all his flock be saued , if he himselfe be condemned . It is manifest in the first Epistle to the Corinths and 6. Chapter , that no vnrighteous person she ll inherit the kingdome of heauen . Therefore the Minister must of necessitie ( according to the admonition of S. Peter ) giue diligence to make his calling and election sure by his godly life and good workes as well as other , if he will approue himselfe the child of God , and heire of euerlasting life . It were a vaine thing to flatter himselfe in sinne , because of his office , and thinke that God will deale the more mercifully with him therefore ; when as it is most certaine , that as the saluation of mankinde commeth by the merits of one which is Iesus Christ , so is there but one meane for man to attaine thereunto , that is , by a true and liuely faith in Iesus Christ ; and whosoeuer cannot assure himselfe in this life by the triall of his faith , that hee is the child of God , although hee can perswade and flatter himselfe neuer so much with other vaine hope , all is to no purpose : for hee may be assured whatsoeuer hee be either Minister or other , that he shall neuer taste of the ioyes laid vp for the children of God. In the 20. of the Acts , where S. Paul giuing charge of the Church and flock of Gods people vnto the ouerseers thereof , giueth this charge first : Take heed therefore vnto your selues , and to all the flocke , whereof the holy Ghost hath made you ouerseers , to feede the Church of God , which hee hath purchased with that his owne bloud . The Minister must watch ouer the soules of his flocke , but first , ouer his owne , for hee that cannot keepe his owne soule , can much lesse keepe the soules of others : hee that cannot gouerne himselfe , cannot rule another . The Minister must watch ouer the soules of his flocke , so carefully and warily feeding them with wholsome and necessarie doctrine , and so hungring after the saluation of all , that hee must not suffer one through his default to perish : therefore aboue all it is requisite that hee keepe his owne very sure . Then when hee preacheth damnation vnto the obstinate , and such as remaine in their sinnes , thundering out the iudgements of God against them because they will not repent , by that meanes to beate them downe , and bring them to a sight of their miserie , hee must be assured that the same belongeth not to himselfe . Againe , when hee preacheth of election and remission of sinnes , by the merits of Iesus Christ , hee must haue an assured and vnfallible testimonie to his owne conscience , that he is an elect vessell of the Lord , that he is redeemed by the sacrifice of Iesus Christ , and that he shall enioy all the promises of the Gospell , as all other children of God : if hee be not assured hereof , his case is worse then all other mens ; for in preaching condemnation to others , hee condemneth himselfe , and in offering the kingdome of heauen to others , he quite excludeth himselfe : so that hee which helpeth other out of an hole , falleth himselfe so deepe into the same , that it is not possible for any man to helpe him out . Last of all , the Minister must not onely reade and studie the word of God , preach the same purely , by exhorting , and all other meanes that may be profitable , vsing them both openly and priuately , continually in season , and out of season , praying also for his flocke , that his Ministerie may be profitable vnto them , and setting himselfe an ensample of all godlines vnto them , carefully watching ouer their soules ; but hee must also loue them so dearely , that his owne life must not be deare vnto him for their sake . Which tender and louing affection was in that good childe of God Saint Paul , as it is manifest in his Epistle to the Thessalonians , where he writeth in this sort . Neither sought wee praise of me● , neither of you , nor of others , when wee might haue beene chargeable , as the Apostles of Christ : but we were gentle among you , euen as a Nourse that cherisheth her children . Thus being affectioned towards you , our good will was to haue dealt vnto you , not the Gospell of God onely , but also your owne soules , because yee were deare vnto vs. So singular loue had hee towards them , that they were dearer vnto him then his life ; this affection did hee not beare to them onely , but to all the elect children of God , and suffered all things for the elects sake , that they might also attaine the saluation which is in Christ Iesus , with eternall glory . The reason thereof is , because wheresoeuer the Gospell is sincerely and purely taught , there bee alwayes aduersaries seeking the ouerthrowe thereof , by persecuting such as professe the same , to the great dismaying of the children of God , who so soone as they take vpon them the profession of Iesus Christ in truth with a good conscience , are straightway resisted with great combats of affliction , which were able to make them forsake the faith of Iesus Christ , and the profession of the Gospell , if the Lord should not hold them vpright in this distresse . The Apostle therefore whom the holy Ghost hath filled with all wisdome , knowing that the crosse was the greatest hinderance of the Gospell that could be , and also that where the Gospell was truely professed , there the crosse would not be absent , because by it the Lord bringeth his children into glorie , of a great desire that hee had to the edification of the Church of Iesus Christ : willingly suffered all kinde of afflictions , thereby to confirme and strengthen the faith of Gods children , and did reioyce in that hee suffered for the Churches sake , for their commoditie , in that by his example the Lord did not onely worke in them a greater credence and beliefe in the Gospell , but such an earnest zeale also , that they were readie and willing to suffer all manner of afflictions for the same , and that with great ioy . Whereas ( if the Apostle , who preached vnto them this glad tidings , ) should haue shrunke from the testimonie of his doctrine , when any afflictions were laide vpon him for the same , the people which were guided by him , the spirit of God so prouiding , would haue fallen away from the truth , and euen haue hardened their hearts against it . But this childe of God was so ready to confirme the faith of Gods people by these meanes , when it was tolde him of a Prophet called Agabus , that he should be bound at Ierusalem , and deliuered into the hands of Gentiles , he being intreated of the brethren that he would not goe vp , who euen with teares besought the same . Then Paul answered and said , what doe ye weeping and breaking mine heart ? for I am readie not to be bound onely , but also to die at Ierusalem for the name of the Lord Iesus . This affection must be in euery good Minister toward their flocke , that for their soules sake he shall be readie to suffer all things , yea euen to giue his life for the confirmation of his doctrine , the strengthening of their faith , and the glory of God. Our Sauiour Christ also that good shepheard refused not to giue his life for his sheepe : and truely in that place of Saint Iohn he doth notably declare the difference betweene the good shepheard and the hireling . I am ( saith he ) that good shepheard : the good shepheard giueth his life for his sheepe : but an hireling , and he which is not the shepheard , neither his sheepe are his owne , seeth the wolfe comming , and he leaueth his sheepe , and fleeth , and the wolfe catcheth them and scattereth them . So the hireling flieth , because he is an hireling and careth not for the sheepe . This place teacheth vs plainely that the Ministers of Gods word , must not be hirelings , such as haue no care of their flocke , but respect their owne profit onely : and in time of daunger , they will forsake them , howsoeuer before they haue fed their flocke : but the true Ministers must not be such ; they must not measure their dutie and affection towards their flocke according to their profit , but he must know that he is placed ouer them to watch ouer their soules , to defend them from the diuell that rauening wolfe , by the wholesome word of God : and not to watch for his owne gaine . And hereby shall he be knowne , if in time of daunger he stand by his flocke and will not forsake them : nay rather than that they should perish , he will giue his life for their sake : for if this affection be not in them , the case is very manifest , that they are not good shepheards , but hirelings . For the true vnderstanding of this point we will , consider when the Ministers may flie ; for if we should denie that they might not flie at any time , we should not say truth : for our Sauiour Christ hath bidden that when we are persecuted in one citie , we should flie into another . It is manifest also that our Sauiour Christ himselfe fled , as when the Iewes tooke vp stones to cast at him , he hid himselfe and went out of the temple : and he passed through the middest of them all , and so went his way . And in the tenth chapter of Iohn we reade , that when they went about to take him , he escaped out of their hands , and went his way beyond Iordan : yet afterward when the time appointed , wherein he should suffer , was come , he fled not . Saint Paul also and Barnabas , as it appeareth in the fourteenth of the Acts , being at Iconium , when there was an assault made both of the Gentiles and of the Iewes with their rulers , to doe them violence and to stone them , they being aware of it fled vnto Lystra , and Derbe , cities of Lycaonia . Yet as I declared before out of the one and twentie of the Acts , at another time Paul went willingly vp to Ierusalem to lay downe his life for the glory of God. So that if we should deny , that we might not flie at any time , we should deny the words of Christ , who biddeth vs flie in time of persecution : and againe if we should plainely say that they might flie , we should put no difference betweene the true Minister and the hireling . This therefore must we note , if so be that the people ouer whom he is placed , shall be in daunger to be seduced by false teachers from that most true and holesome doctrine of Iesus Christ , hauing receiued as yet but a tast as it were thereof and are not grounded ; he must not in any case flie and giue place , no though it cost him his life : for it were a daungerous case to flie then , because that his constancie in sealing his doctrine with his bloud , may wonderfully confirme the faith of his flocke and draw them forward by his example , rather to die for the profession of Iesus Christ , than to deny him : whereas on the contrary , if he should flie , they could not but fall from the truth , being not grounded therein , when as they see their pastor to hide himselfe . But when this affection & loue is in the Minister to consider that he is betrothed to Iesus Christ to defend his spouse and Church from his aduersaries , and to bring them as it were by the hand vnto the bridegoome , of which he hath so singular a care that he will neuer forsake thē , although by earnest studie he should euen shorten his life , and all his Physitions in the world should tell him plainely that it wil end his daies if he doth not giue ouer the same : yet ( I say ) when he hath such a loue and affection to his people , whose soules hee laboureth to feede and nourish with the word of God , that hee will resigne his life into the hands of God , and giue ouer himselfe vnto his prouidence , and rather to end his daies with labouring and studying for his flockes sake , than by withdrawing and sauing his owne life to suffer them to want : then no doubt the Lord by his holy spirit shall teach him , when he may without danger to his flocke , euen with all their consents depart and saue his life from the hands of his aduersaries . As we see by the examples of Iesus Christ and his Apostles , who sometimes fled and saued their liues : and otherwhile abode by it and suffered all things patiently . So will hee teach his true and faithfull Ministers , when it is good to flie , and when not . We haue knowne many godly Ministers which haue spent their time in studying and teaching their flockes , and haue rather desired their saluation than their owne liues . All these things obserued , the Minister shall yeeld a ioyfull account vnto the Lord , and stirre vp his people to be thankfull vnto the Lord , which hath shewed them such mercie , as to place ouer them so louing and careful a Minister , which so hungreth and thirsteth after their saluation , that he esteemeth his owne life lesse than it . The second part concerning the dutie of the people to their Minister . NOw we haue declared the dutie of Ministers , it followeth that we shew next the dutie of the people vnto their Ministers , which is the second part of our diuision : & truly this declaration of the Ministers dutie doth very manifestly shew the other : for if the Minister be bound to applie his studie , and to exercise himselfe diligently in reading ; and when he hath studied , to come foorth and teach the people all things necessarie for their saluation ; and moreouer must set himselfe a liuely patterne of godly conuersatiō for them to follow , letting no meanes vnassaied , whereby he may beget their soules vnto God , neither in life nor doctrine ; but must so carefully watch ouer their soules , that rather than they should perish he must giue his life for them : what shall the people then do vnto him for his intire loue and affection ? The holy Ghost telleth vs in these words : Obey them , and submit your selues . So that obedience is the dutie of the people to their Minister . The reason hereof is very good , seeing the case so standeth that the Minister must labour to bring thē home to Iesus Christ by the Gospel , which is the power of God vnto saluation : if the people notwithstanding his paines will remaine obstinate , to what end will his labour come ? all will be in vaine , the people shall not profit by it , and himselfe shall be grieued and molested with sorrow to see their disobedience . The people therefore must bee obedient vnto their Ministers which labour for their profit , which is a great grace of God who worketh all this in all creatures , when hee hath giuen the people obedient hearts to bee gouerned by his word , for which end he hath appointed the Ministers thereof . And as it is a grieuous and the most dangerous thing to be obedient to such superiours as shall leade vs out of the way into destruction , whom our Sauiour Christ calleth blinde guides , which together with the people fall into the pit : so it is on the contrarie the greatest vertue to become obedient to the true Pastors and Ministers of the word of God. It hath been euermore the charge that the Apostles laide vpon the children of God , of which thing S. Paul in his Epistle to the Philippians , as in diuers other places requireth , after that hee hath declared the great humility of Iesus Christ , in that he became obedient vnto the death of the crosse , thereupon taketh occasion of his exhortation : Wherefore ( my beloued ) as yee haue alwaies obeyed me , not as in my presence only , but now much more in mine absence , so make an end of your saluation with feare and trembling . It appeareth by his wordes , that the Philippians to whom he wrote had bin very obedient vnto his ministerie from that time , wherein it pleased God to touch their heart with a care of their saluatiō by his preaching ; yea so obedient were they , that not only in his presence among them , they vsed great submission vnto his doctrine , but much more in his absence they declared their dutifulnes , in that with great eate they laboured to make it profitable by practising the same in their life and conuersation : whereby it may seeme that the Apostle needed not to haue exhorted them vnto this dutie of obedience , being alreadie so forward and prone thereunto : but wee may hereby learne how needfull a thing it is that the people be obedient , and that in no small measure , but so farre forth as they shall be able to frame their liues according to the word of God in all points , which he preacheth vnto them sincerely and purely to the feeding of their soules vnto eternall life , which they can neuer obtaine vnlesse they become obediēt to bee taught and instructed at the Ministers hand by the most pure word of God , which with the operation of the holy Ghost worketh faith in the children of God , whereby they apprehend the merits of Iesus Christ , and haue his righteousnes , obedience , and holinesse imputed vnto them of the free grace and mercie of God , as surely as if in their owne persons they had wrought it , and so made heires of the kingdome which Christ by his blood hath purschased for them . It is necessarie that so many as desire to be saued , bee obedient vnto the Minister , whom God hath placed ouer them as his instrument to bring them to his heauenly kingdome , as before I haue declared vnto you . And the rather to stirre them vp vnto a continuall obedience hee addeth this : Make an end of your owne saluation with feare and trembling : As if he should say , Beloued brethren , as you haue hitherto submitted your selues to be reformed by the most glorious Gospell of Iesus Christ , and haue obeyed vs in the Lord to the increasing of your faith , and the assurance of your saluation : so I beseech you to continue , and euen with feare and trembling make an end of your saluation : for if you should waxe obstinate in the end , and become disobedient to those that labour in the Lord for your behoofe , I tell you truly all your former obedience shal no whit profit you , nay your end shall bee worse ; be lowly therefore and reuerence your Teachers in the Lord that you may with great humilitie , as it becommeth the children of God , receiue the promises . And least the aduersaries should perswade , that this your obedience and willing following of the Gospell hath come vnto you of your owne nature , that by that meanes he may draw you to disobey the Ministers of God , whom you cannot disobey but you must also despise the word and him that sent them , and so fall from all grace : I tell you therefore plainly , that it neuer came of your selues , for it is God that worketh in you both the will & the deed ; and that not of your desert , but of his own good pleasure . We see then that the people must obey their Minister , & giue diligent heed to be taught by them the whole counsell of the Lord concerning the saluation of their soules : which thing also our Sauiour Christ doth manifest in the tenth of Iohn : My sheepe ( saith he ) heare my voyce , and I know them , and they follow me , &c. Our Sauiour Christ giueth vs a notable token here to know the children of God by , and that is , If they heare his voyce and followe him : for they that wil not be obediēt vnto him are none of his , neither yet partakers of those benefits which he hath purchased for his . But peraduenture some wil say : It is true , that if a man will not obey the voice of Iesus Christ he is not for him : but where is Iesus Christ that we may heare him and obey him ? O brother take heed how thou seekest such cauillations to maintaine thine obstinacie , for thou canst not so shake of thy dutie to thy Minister ▪ but if thou confesse it thy dutie to be obedient vnto Iesus Christ , I tel thee plainly thou oughtest no lesse to obey the Minister in that he bringeth the message of Christ , t●ā if himselfe were present . For he being the very Truth it selfe hath said plainly on the Ministers behalfe : He that heareth you heareth mee : and hee that despiseth you , despiseth me : and he that despiseth mee . despiseth him that sent mee . What an hainous thing were it to refuse the Minister and to bee disobedient vnto them , when the case standeth so that the disobeying of them is not onely a contempt of Christ , but also of God the Father , who is a seuere iudge to be reuenged of all his enemies ? But they that be of the sheepfold of Iesus Christ will be obedient to their shepheard , euen as willingly as the sheepe are . The reason hereof is drawne from the nature of sheepe , which is the simplest of all creatures to shift for it selfe , and yet more profitable than any other cattell , when one of them is straied out of the way , it is caught in the brambles and briers readie to be lost in euery pit or hole , yea subiect to a thousand daungers , and cannot helpe itselfe in the least of them : and when the shepheard hath fetched her home , how obedient is shee , and glad to bee guided by him for feare of falling into the like danger : so is it required of the children of God , that they be obedient as sheepe ; yea if he were the wisest or mightiest in the world , he must not take scorne to become as simple as a sheepe , if hee will enter into the kingdome of heauen : for before such time as the Lord by his instrument the Minister doth bring them home into the sheepfolde of Iesus Christ , they wander in innumerable dangers , & are no more able to deliuer themselues out of them , then the silly sheepe is to saue her selfe from the wolfe : but when they are brought home , then they see their infirmitie , and what great neede they haue of a shepheard to preserue & helpe them out of so many perils , which tend to the destruction both of body and soule , then they gladly obey him which is carefull to guide them in the way of saluation , with the most holy word of God , and to refresh their hungrie soules with that heauenly foode and milke . The holy Ghost saith , that they must bee borne againe , and that not of mortall seede , but of the immortall seede of the word of God , who liueth and endureth for euer . And therefore it is necessarie that they be obedient vnto their spirituall father which hath begotten them with the word of God , that hee may ioyfully extend a fatherly affection towards them : which thing the Apostle S. Peter exhorteth them vnto : As newe borne babes desire the sincere milke of the word , that you may growe thereby . The Apostle here sheweth a familiar reason why they should be obedient , they be as new borne babes . We see that little children are not able to guide themselues , no not to feede themselues at the first , but must be guided and nourished by the helpe of their parents , vntill they be able to shift for themselues : So must the children of God bee guided and nourished by the word of God , that they may grow from strength to strength , from faith to faith , till they come to a perfect age in Christ. Therefore it is necessarie that the people be obedient vnto the Minister , to whome the Lord hath giuen his word to distribute vnto his children , and to increase and strengthen their faith in Iesus Christ. But some will say , is this giuen to the Ministers onely ? what if they teach their owne deuises , and not the pure word of God , and make vs beleeue wee are in an happie case , when wee are in most misery , and yet desire to be directed in the true pathway vnto saluation ? I answere , that you must therfore trie the doctrine which he bringeth by the touchstone of Gods word , and see that it accord therwith : for in that the Lord giueth the vnderstanding and interpreting of the scriptures vnto the ministers , it is not without great cause that hee doth it , when as hee appointeth them by the power of his word , as the meanes without which they can doe nothing , to bring together his children , yea , by the sharpe sword of the word to pearce their soules and consciences to the vtter slaying of sinne , and with the excellent vertue of the same word to heale them againe : which thing if the Ministers for their part shall not faithfully execute in such order as before I intreated of , speaking of the duty of Ministers , euen that gift the Lorde will so straightly call to account , that hee shall beare the danger of euery soule that hath perished through his default . Yet shall not the people be hereby discharged : for they must try his doctrine ( as I said before ) and take heede that they be not seduced ; for if they be , they shall dye in their owne sinnes . If any will say that hee is ignorant , truly I say , he is in a dangerous case ; but if God hath shewed him such mercie as to make him desirous to bee instructed in the right way to saluation , let him craue knowledge at the Lords hand , neuer cease , but be importunate vpon the Lorde in crauing his holy spirite , to worke in him all spirituall grace , to worke in him true Faith : and to assure him of his saluation , all other worldly respects set aside : and let him vse great diligence in harkening to the word of God , and be obedient vnto the same . Moreouer , let him withdraw himselfe from all euill company , and frequent the companie of the godly , and no doubt but the Lord will strengthen him to worke his will , whereby he shall know of the doctrine , whether it bee of God or not , according to the rule which our Sauiour Christ giueth vs to knowe it by , Hee that speaketh of himselfe seeketh his owne glorie : but hee that seeketh the glorie of him that sent him , the same is true : and such must wee obey in the Lord. Now we see as it is our duty to obey the true Minister , and such as carefully watch ouer our soules , with the most wholsome word of God : so must wee beware that we suffer not our selues to be seduced by false teachers ; and therefore wee must proue their doctrine by the word of God. But last of all , if any shall preach Iesus Christ sincerely and purely , hauing some infirmitie , we must not therfore reiect him , but obey him for the truth sake ; and consider that we are all subiect to infirmities , and that to some one more than another : and therefore it is our dutie christian like to admonish him thereof ; and no doubt , if he be the seruant of God he will giue him more strength against the same . Besides this obedience , the dutie of the people toward their Minister must extend further , and they must also reuerence him , and giue him honor , else it is most certaine that obedience cannot take place : which we may see by the example of the woman of Samaria , who notwithstanding the great curtesie of our Sauiour Christ in telling her what he was , and what he could do for her , yet would she not obey him at the first , but tell to taunting and ouerthwarting of him too vnreuerētly ; but when he had touched her conscience and laid open her wickednes , so that she saw plainely he was another manner of man than she tooke him for , then she began to reuerence him , and said , O sir , I see that thou art a Prophet , and then she obeyed him , and desired to learne of him : so , before she obeyed , she conceiued a reuerence of him , and accounted of him as a Prophet . It is also manifest in the 2. of the Acts , when as the wonderfull miracle could not bring the people to obey the Apostles , yet afterward when Peter with his sharpe sermon had touched their hearts in such sort that they felt the power that God had giuen them , they began to reuerence them , and where as before they were not ashamed to say that they were drunken with new wine , now they cryed out , Men and brethren what shall we doe ? which words doe plainely declare what a reuerent opinion they haue conceiued of them , and after that they became obedient vnto them . Common experience sheweth vs the same , for which of you will commit your matter to any Lawyer , except you haue a reuerent opinion of him , that he can pleasure you , and a sure trust that he will doe the best he can for the furtherance of your cause ? Likewise in Physick there is no man that will cōmit his life into the Physitians hand , vnlesse he be first perswaded that he can by the help of God ease his griefe , and that he is willing also to do what lieth in him : except ( I say ) a man be thus perswaded of the Physition he will not commit himselfe into his hands , nor yet obey those orders that he shall prescribe : so is it in this , the people must be obedient to the Minister , therefore they must reuerence him , or else it is not possible that they should obey him . The Apostle S Paul doth notably amplifie the honor due to the true and faithfull Ministers . The Elders that rule well ( saith he ) let them be had in double honour , specially they which labour in the word and doctrine , as if he should say , let those Elders which are appointed to watch and looke to the manners and behauior of the children of God , if they execute this charge faithfully , be had in double honour : but aboue all , let the faithfull Ministers , such as labour in the word , be honoured : for why ? the other are ouerseers of your outward behauior , but these haue an other manner of office , they watch ouer your soules , which tendeth to the saluation both of body and soule . Moreouer , it is requisite that they also feare the Minister , or else can they in no ease reuerence and honour him : for where feare is not , all honour is absent , and so consequently all dutie extinguished . And this feare must not be a fained and counterfeited feare : but when he shall come before the Minister to aske him any question , he must consider that he commeth to talke with the messenger of the Lord , whom he ought to heare as well as if the Lord himselfe were present . For this is most certaine , where a faithful Minister is that doth sincerely and purely preach the word , it is all one as if the Lord himselfe dwelt personally among vs : and his owne selfe hath verified the same , saying : He that heareth you , heareth me . And therefore it behooueth vs to giue a proofe of our feare , loue and obedience towards the Lord , by receiuing his word with such feare and reuerence as beseemeth his subiects , although the same proceede out of a mortall mans mouth . It is a common thing among vs , the Embassadour of a Prince is receiued with great honour & reuerence , yea his message is to be receiued as vndoubtedly , as if the King were present himself , yea they that shall despise his authoritie shall be as hainously accounted of , as if they resisted and rebelled against the Kings owne person : And shall the Embassadours of the liuing God , who is King of all Kings , be receiued lesse worthily than the other , whose authoritie is both greater and the message waightier ? Truly whosoeuer shall take scorne to yeeld this dutie of feare and reuerence vnto the Minister , let him be assured that he scorneth not him , but the Lord that sent him . But some will obiect : what shall we make a God of our Minister , and is he so to be feared as you say ? I answere thee , that I meane nothing lesse , nay I hold him accursed that shal chalenge such dignity vnto himselfe . But this feare must ye yeeld not to the person , but to his office which is by the word of God , to remit your sinnes , and to giue you assurance that they are washed away by the blood of Christ , if you be truly penitēt for them ; and that you are made heires of the kingdome of heauen , whereof you need not to doubt . On the contrarie , if you be not penitent , by his office hee hath authoritie to binde sinnes here on earth iustly to euerlasting condemnation , which the vnpenitent may be as sure to suffer as they see the light of the day : feare him therefore ( I say ) not as he is a man , but as the Minister of God. With what a reuerend feare did the Galathians receiue Paul ? his owne selfe doth report , that they receiued him as an Angell of God , yea more than so , they receiued him as Iesus Christ himselfe . And that was not for the excellencie of his person , which hee testifieth was simple , base , vile : and to all the world contemptible , yea and subiect to all infirmities : but they receiued him with such feare and reuerence for that excellent message which hee brought vnto them , for those glad tidings which hee published among them , and for that hee was a Minister of the Gospell of Iesus Christ , which is the power of God to saue all the beleeuers . Thus reuerently must all Gods children feare their Minister , euen for the worthines of his office and ministery : for if they should not feare him , they could not in any case obey the word , when hee doth sharply reproue them for their sinnes : but euen as a light wife so long as her husband pleaseth her , so long and no longer will she be obedient vnto him ; for if he shew a sharp countenance of very loue to driue her from some lewd cōditions , then will she begin to scorne , to fret and chafe , and in stead of obeying him , she will deadly hate him and despise him : so is it with the people , if they stand not in feare of the authority which God hath giuen him , they will obey him no longer than he preacheth pleasant things : for when he shall touch their consciences with threatning the iudgemēts of God against their sin , then can they not abide him , but harden their hearts not against him , but against the Lord which hath sent him , and so fall away to their vtter destruction : the children of God must therefore feare their Minister , and be obedient to the word of truth which hee bringeth vnto them . When the people are come thus farre , that they will willingly obey the Minister , and that with feare and reuerence submit themselues to bee guided by the pure word of God , they must shew further their dutifulnes towards him , and must also bee readie to doe for him whatsoeuer lieth in their power : which thing S. Paul earnestly desireth of the Thessalonians : Wee beseech you brethren , that yee acknowledge them which labour among you , and are ouer you in the Lord , and admonish you , that you haue them in singular loue for their workes sake . Where the holy Ghost sheweth a reason why they should acknowledge their Ministers which carefully & faithfully doe execute their office , which is for their workes sake ; & his exhortation is in effect thus much : Brethren , this one thing doe I heartily craue at your hands , that you be not so obliuious as to forget those which labour among you in the Lord , and are by his appointment euen of great mercie towards you , placed ouer you to the end they may admonish you of your sinnes , and to stirre you vp by the word of God to a more zeale of the glorie of God , and to walke more circumspectly before him : I beseech you ( I say ) be not forgetfull of them , but haue them in a singular loue ; yea let nothing be dearer vnto you than such , for this worke sake which they haue taken in hand ; for I tell you truly there is no labour vnder the Sunne so profitable vnto you as this , which bringeth not store of corruptible siluer and gold , not large kingdomes and empires of this world which shall perish and come to an end : but this profit commeth of their labour , euen the saluation of your soules , such a treasure as all the world , no not a thousand worlds are comparable vnto it : for this cause loue them . Besides this , it is their dutie also to prouide for him all things necessarie , for that he may haue to supplie his want at their hands , as we may by diuers places of the Scripture proue : In the 6. to the Galathians the Apostle giueth this commandement : Let him that is taught in the word make him that hath taught him partaker of all his goods . The reason is very good : if the schoolemaster taketh paines in teaching , the schollers owe to him other necessaries . Such is the subtiltie of Satan , which rageth and stormeth at the Gospell of Iesus Christ , the reaching whereof he seeth is the decaying of his kingdome , when as by no other meanes he can ouerthrow the same , yet doth he mightily heaue at it by drawing the peoples harts from nourishing and maintaining the Preachers thereof , that they being oppressed with penurie , might be constrained to forsake their ministerie . So that it is no marueile though the Apostle giueth so straight a charge thereof , seeing so great danger might ensue . If they sowe vnto you spirituall things , is it a great thing if they reape of you carnall things ? If the Ministers giue vnto the people gold , is it much for them to giue chaffe againe ? yet there is a greater difference betweene that , that the Minister distributeth among the people , & that which he receiueth of them , than is betweene gold and chaffe . For he giueth vnto them by the preaching of the word the kingdome of heauen : what treasure may be compared vnto it ? and will not they giue him of their worldly commodities to maintaine his liuing ? Truly it were a token of too too much infidelitie , and a manifest argument that we are not Christians , but very Heathen , if we should refuse to nourish the Minister that laboureth for our profit . It is manifest in the law that the Priests which waited on the Altar , liued of the Altar : Euen so hath the Lord appointed that they which preach the Gospell should liue of the Gospell . Naturall reason teacheth vs this , and yet is it written in the Scripture also , that no man goeth on warfare at any time of his owne cost , for the souldier receiueth his stipend . Neither doth any manplant a vineyard , and eateth not of the fruite thereof , for to that end doth he plant it , because he would enioy the fruite . And againe , No man keepeth a flocke and eateth not of the milke thereof . But if the case standeth so in earthly matters , that euery man enioyeth the fruite of his labour , and is maintained by the same ; how much more ought the Ministers and Pastors liue of their flocke , to whom they are so profitable , and for whose sake they take such paines ? If therefore you will haue such an one placed ouer you , that shall refuse no paines in studying night and day , in preaching the word in season and out of season , in exhorting and trying all meanes to doe you good ; and that shall loue you so tenderly that his owne life shall not be deare vnto him for your sake : you must know it is your dutie to prouide all things necessarie for him , for you must not make him your slaue , but you must so minister vnto him , that he may giue himselfe wholy vnto the faithfull doing of his dutie , that he may not be drawne away with other cares from the same . If the Lord hath commanded not to mousell the mouth of the oxe that treadeth out the corxe , much lesse to withhold the Minister from things necessarie to preserue his life . The labourer is worthie of his wages . How wonderfully forward were the Galathians in fulfilling of this dutie , when as they would not haue refused to pull out their eyes , if it had beene possible , and haue giuen them to the Apostle ? Which words although they be of supererogation , yet doe they expresse such loue and readines in administring of their worldly commodities , that they would haue pluckt out their owne eyes and giuen them vnto him also , if by that meanes they might haue pleasured him . Truly there is good cause why they should thus loue and prouide for their Minister which laboureth faithfully : for if the childe cannot recompence the paines & kindnes of his parents in bringing him into this world , and prouiding things necessarie for his education ; neither the scholler the paines of his maister , which hath garnished his breast with wisedome and knowledge : much lesse can the childe of God recompence his spirituall father who hath begotten him vnto the Lord. Refuse not them to bestow part of thy worldly commodities vpon him , that hath brought thee such heauenly treasure , without the which thy estate were more miserable than the condition of brute beasts . But because it may seeme very much to the worldly minded man , who respecteth nothing but temporall things , to thinke that he must be so liberall toward his Minister , as to prouide him all things that he hath neede of ( although the children of God which are alreadie called , and haue tasted how sweete the Lord hath beene to them by the Ministers meanes , whom the Lord hath vsed as an instrument to bring them home , will not thinke it much to do their dutie , & that very liberally in prouiding for their Pastor ) you shall vnderstand in what sort you ought to prouide for him . First , you must see that he hath sufficient for to finde himselfe and his familie necessarie foode and apparell for their bodies . Secondly , you must giue him wherewith to keepe hospitalitie , that hee may be able honestly and decently to entertaine strangers which come vnto him to aske his counsell in matters of conscience concerning their faith and saluation . Thirdly , you must prouide him bookes for his studie , and all such as may enrich his knowledge , whereby he may the better hee able to answere and helpe all their doubts which come to him . Thus must you prouide for him that he may not be troubled with any cares that may with draw him or hinder him in doing of his dutie . And whereas the Apostle saith , make him partaker of all your goods , it is nothing lesse meant than that your goods should be at his pleasure , or that you should make him abound in superfluitie , wherewith he should be filled vntill he burst as they say , there is no such thing , but to prouide for him for those causes aforesaid . Heere may they aske a question , whether they ought to pay tithe vnto such Ministers as bewicked liuers , because we haue spoken onely of the dutie which they owe vnto the true Ministers and faithfull labourers in the Lords busines . You shall therefore vnderstand , though he be a wicked liuer , if he teach true doctrin , hold nothing back from him , but let him haue his dutie , that if it shall please the Lord to conuert him from his wickednes , hee may loue you the more dearely , and haue the more care ouer you : but if hee teach false doctrine , not the word of God purely , but his owne braines , yet because you haue a conscience of disturbing the common weale , and seeke rather peace than trouble , let him haue his dutie , that your diligēce in doing your duty may moue him to a more care of his ; or else if the Lord doth not giue him that grace , yet thereby shall you leaue a testimonie in his conscience to his condemnation . Moreouer where any such Ministers be placed ouer the people , as the wicked liuers , false teachers , or domb dogs , it is most certaine that the Lord hath set them euen to plague the people for their sinnes . Last of all , the people must pray cōtinually both for themselues and for their Minister , that the Lord may bestow vpon him the perfect gifts of prophecying , and vpon vs obedient hearts to the word , that the Lord may bee glorified in our life and conuersation , which thing S. Paul desireth in his Epistles , as in the 4. Chapter to the Colossians , Continue ( saith he ) i● prayer , and watch in the same with thankesgiuing . Pray also for vs , that God may open vnto vs the doore of vtterance , to speake the mysterie of Christ , that I may vtter it as becommeth me to speake . The like thing doth he require in the 6. to the Ephesians . In both which places the Apostle noteth how needefull a thing it is for the people to pray not onely for themselues , but for their Minister also , for that the Lord God giueth his gifts to none but them which faithfully call vpon him , and continually craue the same at his hand . It behoueth the people therefore to pray for their Minister , that the Lord will powre vpon him the aboundance of his spirit , which may open vnto him the mysteries of his most holy word , that he may be able to teach them all the counsell of the Lord. In the second Epistle to the Thessalonians and 3. Chapter he vseth these words , Furthermore brethren , pray for vs , that the word of the Lord may haue free passage , and bee glorified euen as it is with you , and that we may be deliuered from vnreasonable and euill men , for all men haue not faith . Here doth the Apostle giue charge also that the congregation do pray for the florishing of the Gospell , and the faithful Ministers thereof , that the word might so much be preached , and the Church of Christ thereby increased , he willeth them to pray for the quiet estate of the Ministers , that the Lord would deliuer them out of the hands of their aduersaries , which seek not so much the destruction of the Ministers , but the ouerthrow of the Gospell , because they haue not faith to become partakers of the promises thereof , which is only the gift of God vnto his children which shall be saued : for if that all men should be saued , all should haue faith , but because all cannot be saued , all cannot haue faith . Then wee see a notable meane to attaine those things which are profitable for vs , euen by prayer . If therefore you desire such a Pastor as shall loue you , and you him againe , pray vnto the Lord for such a one . If you would haue him able to teach you , and your selues made obedient to his doctrine , pray hartily . If you would haue him long , pray vnto the Lord to continue him among you , and to giue him fauour in the eyes of the Magistrates , & to defend him from all wicked aduersaries , that yee may liue peaceably together , and bee builded vp into a strong faith by the word of God without any perturbation . Now as it is the dutie of the whole congregation generally to pray together with one consent both for themselues , their Minister , Prince , Magistrates , and all other people : so it is euerie mans dutie particularly at home at his own house to pray for them , and that not once or twise , now and then , very seldome , but daily , yea continually . Thus shall both the Minister and the people doe their dutie to their wonderfull comfort , and glorie . The third part concerning the fruites that come of the well doing of these duties , both to the Minister and the people . THese duties thus performed bring wonderfull commoditie : And first of all , if the Minister doe his dutie in preaching , exhorting , liuing , praying , and watching ouer his flocke with that care of the glorie of God , and that desire of the saluation of his people that he ought , this profit shall he haue ; The Lord will blesse his labour , and he shall make an acceptable and ioyfull account , and this which farre passeth all the rest , he shall saue his owne soule , and because he hath been a faithfull seruant ouer a little , the Lord will make him his gouernour ouer a great deale euen in his kingdome of blessednes . If the people do their duty vnto the Minister in obeying , reuerencing him , fearing him , louing and prouiding all things for him , and last of all in praying faithfully for him , they shall make him a glad man , and sturre him vp with great ioy to do for them all that be can , and euen in great afflictions the remembrance of their dutifulnes and constant faith shall minister abundāce of consolatiō , that he shal be forced to say with the Apostle Paul , What thankes can we recompence to God againe for you , for all the ioy wherewith wee reioyce before the Lord for your sake ? Thus shall they fill him with ioy , and so winne his heart , that hee had a thousand liues , he would gladly giue them for their sakes to doe them good ; and moreouer , the Lord wil blesse him in great measure for their sake , with knowledge , that he may be the more profitable vnto them , and in the ende their soules shall be saued , which is an vnspeakable treasure farre passing all other things . Moreouer , though the people do not their duty , but become obstinate , and storme and rage against the faithfull Minister which hath a care ouer them , so that they doe grieue his heart through their disobedience , yet if he doe his dutie in reading , preaching , and other points which I haue alreadie declared , he shall notwitstanding saue his owne soule , and also if the will of God be so , he shall by his diligence winne them ; if not , hee must be contented to submit himselfe and his doing to the will of the Lord , and knowe the word of God shall haue his effect euen to make them inexcusable at the dreadfull day , whereby the Lord shall be as greatly glorified as if they were saued . Againe , if the people do their dutie faithfully in the Lord towards their Minister being either a wicked liuer , or not so zealous and true a teacher as hee ought to bee , either the Lord will remoue him and place ouer them a faithfull shepheard , or conuert him , and bring him to do his dutie more carefully , or else stirre vp other helpes for them . So their soules shall be saued and he shall perish . The fourth part of the danger for not doing these duties faithfully . NOw wee haue seene the great fruites that come of well doing these duties both to the Minister and the people , we may thereby see what danger insueth of the contrarie , that is , not of doing them . For whereas if the Ministers doe their dutie faithfully , the Lord will blesse their labours , so that their account may be acceptable , and their soules , saued : so on the cōtrarie , if they do not their dutie truly , as they ought , and seeke the glory of God by their doings , the Lord hath pronoūced by the mouth of his Prophet Malachy , that he will bring a curse vpon them , and will curse their blessings , he will corrupt their seede , and cast dung in their faces . Thus will the Lord deale with such vnfaithful seruants , that nothing shall prosper , but euen their very seede shall be corrupt , and he shall be called to a straight account , and he shall beare the burden not only of his owne sinnes , but of all the sinnes of the people , and euery soule that hath perished thorough his negligence shall be laid to his charge , and so shall he become a notable Diuell in hell there to be tormented with euerlasting and vntolerable paine . Finally , if the people doe not their dutie vnto the Minister , they shall make him full of griefe and sorrow maruellously troubled in spirit , nothing ioyfull in his calling , but alwaies mourning : and moreouer the Lord will harden the peoples heart , that the word shall not be profitable vnto them , but euen as S. Paul testifieth a ●auor of death vnto death , and in the end they shall be rewarded in hell fire which shall neuer be quenched , nor the worme shall neuer die , but there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth . Thus haue we learned first how necessary a thing it is to haue Ministers in the Church of God , because without them the people should be as sheepe without a shepheard , ready to be deuoured of their aduersary the diuell : secondly , that the Lord hath appointed them to this vse , by them to call together the number of them that shall be saued by the preaching of the word , wherewith he hath giuen them power to open heauen to all beleeuers , and to giue as good assurance of their saluation by the word , as if Iesus Christ himselfe were present to certifie the same ; and on the contrary to shut out all the vnpenitent from the kingdome of heauen , and to binde them ouer to euerlasting woe , which they shall be so sure of as they see the light that shineth in the day . And therfore it behoueth all such as desire to be saued to learne the way to saluation of them , and to harken vnto them , for because the Lord hath appointed no other meanes in the world for to attaine to the knowledge thereof , and hath said plainely , that whosoeuer will not beleeue the truth at their hands shall not beleeue though one should come from heauen to tell them who shall be saued , and another from hell to tell them who are damned . We haue also heard that when the Lord determineth to beget soules , he appointeth spirituall fathers fit and able for that purpose , by reason that he giueth them gifts for the accomplishing of that busines : and herewithall we haue learned what is the duty of these spirituall fathers or Ministers , which we finde to consist in foure principall points . 1. He must reade and study the word of God diligently , that he may be able to teach and instruct his people . 2. When he hath studied he must come forth and deliuer wholesome doctrine , that their soules may be refreshed ; for therefore must he study to haue knowledge for them , and sing to himselfe and his muses , not filling himselfe so full of knowledge , till he become as a tunne that will giue no sound , but he must keepe knowledge not only in his heart , but also in his lips ; for the Minister must be the mouth of the Lord , from whence Gods people must know the will and counsell of God : also he must obserue the true order of teaching , that is , to build vpon the true foundation Iesus Christ : for he that buildeth vpon any other foundation is an Antichrist , and not the Minister of God , but the messenger of Sathan . Moreouer , he must by all meanes pricke forward the godly to increase in godlines , beate downe the obstinate and hardharted with the terrible iudgements of God , and after to raise vp th● penitent with the sweete promises of the Gospell : the which he must doe not onely openly in the pulpit among the congregation , but priuately also in euery house , because that generall doctrine doth not driue the people to such a consideration of their estate , as when they are particularly admonished of their sinnes , & exhorted to repēt for them . Thus must the Minister labour to make his doctrine profitable , and that continually , supposing it not sufficient to be done now and then , but he must do it in season and out of season , omitting no opportunitie wherein the Lord may call home some into the Church of Christ : and that God may the rather vouchsafe to blesse his ministry , he must pray continually for himselfe and his people both openly and priuately , & be very circumspect in administring the Sacraments . 3. He must liue a godly life , aad set himselfe as example for his flocke to follow : and so much the rather ought he to looke more neerely to all his waies , because the aduersaries , if any thing be otherwise than well with the Ministers , will straightway with open mouth blaspheme the Gospell , which is most pure and vnreproueable : whereas if they haue nothing whereof to accuse the Minister , neither can they blame the word which they onely heaue at to ouerthrow it if it were possible , taking occasion by the Minister to blame the word . For an other cause also must he liue vnreproueable , and that is , because hee must watch ouer the soules of other , which charge he cannot performe , except he be able to watch ouer his own . Thirdly in this respect , that his election may be surely known vnto himselfe , least in preaching of the election vnto other he be a reprobate himselfe . So that when he threatneth the iudgements of God against other , hee shall condemne himselfe , and when he raiseth vp the penitent with the promises , he himselfe shall fall into the hole of his owne condemnation , and no man shall be able to comfort him , 4. Last of all , he must ●●●●e his flocke so deerely that he must giue his life for them . But because it were contrarie to the wordes of our Sauiour Christ to say he might not flye at any time ; and on the other side if wee say he may flye , wee should put no difference betweene the true Ministers and the hirelings ; wee haue heard that the Lord will teach his faithfull Ministers by his holy spirit , when it is good to flye , and when not . Thus much haue we learned concerning the dutie of Ministers . In the second part we haue heard the dutie of the people towards their Ministers , which we haue learned to consist , first in obedience , because it were altogether in vaine , and an vnprofitable labour for the Minister to teach the people if they should not bee obedient vnto his doctrine ; and also because it is impossible for any to bee saued that will not bee obedient vnto the word of God , besides which the Lord hath appointed no meanes for man to attaine vnto the knowledge of saluation , and therefore hath he giuen it vnto his Ministers to be preached sincerely and purely vnto his people . And heere we learne by the way that the people must beware that they bee not seduced with false doctrine and mans inuention : therefore they must proue the doctrine to accord with the word of God , and then be obedient vnto it . Secondly , besides obedience wee haue learned that they must also reuerence him , because they cannot obey his doctrine , except they haue a reuerent opinion of him , as we see by the woman of Samaria , and the people that S. Peter conuerted . Thirdly , it is requisite that they feare him , for where feare is not , there honor and reuerence must needes bee absent . And thus haue we heard that they ought to feare him , not in respect of his person , but for his office sake ; not as he is a man , but in that he is the messenger and Minister of God. Fourthly , they must loue him and that vnfainedly with all their heart , being ready to help him in all distresses Fiftly , they must prouide for him that he may haue to maintaine himselfe and his familie , to entertaine strangers and buy him bookes , that he may not with any worldly care bee drawne from doing of his dutie . Sixtly , they must pray for him continually , and for themselues also , that hee may be able to teach , and they to receiue the word profitably . 3 These duties being wel performed bringeth this commoditie : The Ministers labour shall be profitable , his account acceptable , and his soule saued . The people shall make their minister ioyfull and louing vnto them , willing to labour for their profit , and in the end they shall raigne together in the kingdome of heauen . Also if the Minister doth his dutie faithfully , though the people doe not their , yet hee shall saue his soule . Likewise if the people doe their dutie , and not the Minister , the Lord will so prouide that they shall enioy eternall felicitie . 4 Last of all , if these duties be not performed , we haue learned how great dangers they are in that neglect the same , if the Minister his labour shall be cursed , he shall be called to a streight account , and shall answere for euerie soule that hath perished , and so become a diuell in hel for euer . If the people doe not their dutie , they shall grieue their Pastor , make him vnprofitable , and in the end be tormented in vtter darknes for euer . The Lord of all power deale mercifully with vs for his deare Sonne Iesus Christs sake , and graunt such grace both vnto the Ministers of his word , that they may carefully doe their duties with that feare of his name , that reuerēce of his Maiestie , that zeale of his glorie , and that desire of the saluation of his people that they ought : and that the people may so obediently and willingly receiue thy word and Ministers thereof , as shall bee most for thy glorie and the profit of their soules : that after this life ended , wee may dwell together in thy kingdome of glorie with thy Sonne our Lord and Sauiour Iesus Christ , to whom with thee and the holy Ghost , three persons and one true and most wise God , be al honour and glorie for euer . Amen . OF THE CONFESSION OF SINNES . THE FIFTEENTH SERMON . Prouerbs 28. vers . 13. He that hideth his sins shall not prosper : but he that confesseth and forsaketh them , shall haue mercie . THere are two parts of this verse : Hiding of sinnes with punishments , and Confessing with mercie . It is not my manner to restraine a precept generall , but according to circumstances to speake of generall things generally . Here both the sinne of hiding sinnes is taught to bee auoided , and the vertue of confessing sinnes to be practised . A matter not obserued : for error hath been much spoken against , but truth not so throughly taught , which is the cause of the small proceeding of the Gospell . Example in Consubstantiation and Transubstantiation in the Sacrament , where the true manner of Christs presence is not knowne , because it hath not been taught as it should . Example in superstitious holidaies , the breaknecke of the Lords Sabbaths , mē now not sparing to worke on the Lords day also , because they haue not been taught to sanctifie it . Example of Lent fast , wherein the abuse of fasting hauing been checked , and the manner of right fasting so little opened , it is come to passe that men knowe not how truly to fast . Example of the butcherly discipline once entred , the truth of discipline not being spoken of , it maketh men thinke that now to speake of it , is to make euery one a Pope in his owne parish . So likewise of Eare confession , the grosse abuses whereof hauing been reprooued , but the right vse of confession passed ouer vntaught , men care not to confesse either to God or men : and if they doe either , it is rather vpon the commandements of men , than vpon the consideration of iudgement and mercies . Whereby also all conference and examination is taken from the Minister , to whom examinatiō is not to be denied , though al things be not to be disclosed . And againe , acknowledging of sinnes and priuate and publike reconciliation haue vtterly ceased . My brethren , teach the truth , teach the truth : for by want hereof it is come to passe , that first the peace of mens consciences is not prouided for : secondly , our winnings are not so great as our losings : thirdly , God is not glorified . The peace of conscience is not looked vnto : for when thou knowest what thou shouldest not doe , thy conscience straight accuseth thee for doing the euill thou shouldest not : but because thou art not taught the good thou shouldest doe , thou canst not pursue after it with comfort . Our losses haue been greater thā our winnings , because the good of men hath not been prouided for by building thē vp . For though they heare sinnes spoken against , yet seeing godlines and religion to decay , the Lords day not being celebrated with reuerence , men not prepared for the receiuing of the holy Sacrament , neuer fasting , neuer confessing , &c. yet the weake are not staied or drawne on , but fal away : the aduersaries mouth is not stopped , but set wide open , because truth is not enough spoken of and practised . God is not glorified : for they who are wonne , are not so truly wonne , but become hypocrites : and many are not wonne at all , because the truth is not fully deliuered : for hearing some things spoken against , they are led to contrarie heresies , by reason they were not grounded in the truth , which teacheth it selfe and errors also , as good sheweth euil and it selfe also . We must then teach , loue , and practise good things : as we must reprooue , hate , and not doe that which is euill . Which manner of teaching , because it hath not been in vse , we cannot now get credit to , peoples mindes being inured with other kinde of teaching . Confession is either priuate , or publike : Priuate first vnto the Lord , secondly vnto men : first , for our owne sinnes : secondly , for the sinnes of others . Publike , first vnto God with men , and before men : secondly , vnto God and vnto men . That which cannot be done publikely must be done priuately . And if euer publike exercise be done with fruite , the priuate must prepare thee for it , as reading , fasting , prayer , conference , admonishing and rebuking thy selfe . And without confession priuately , wee will neuer confesse publikely . Confession to God is neuer to be omitted , nor to men , when the occasion is necessarie . Though carnall men of all sorts thinke it is an easie thing to confesse to God : yet if we consider how hardly we are drawne to confesse to men , we may thereby knowe how loth we are truly to confesse vnto God : which appeareth both in the vnregenerate and the regenerate . As Adam for example , who was ashamed of the nakednes of his bodie : but when hee looked at his soule hee pleaded not guiltie , but went about to deriue his sinne to the woman , and the woman to the Serpent . Euery one will say he is a sinner ; but who will speake wherein he hath sinned , or acknowledge it when hee is charged withall ? yea a miserable sort of excuses will be pleaded ; for all are grauen out of Adam . The regenerate also are willing to confesse , for all are borne againe but in measure as infants for a great while more carnall than spirituall : so much as we are failing from Gods image , so much readie are we to be deceiued and to couer sinnes . So Abraham and Dauid being patternes of Gods mercie , are also patternes of our weakenesse . Abraham in denying Sarah to be his wife both to Pharaoh and to Abimel●ch : Dauids confession not found at the first : the sinne was left of him , yet hee had not repented ; sinne was past , but grace not come : his heart was hard vntill the Prophet had been with him , as Psal. 32. which is a Psalme of forgiuenes of sinnes , notwithstanding hee there sheweth the hypocrisie of their heart : for being in great affliction , as a bladder dried vp , he could not come then to confesse his sinne . This is generall : Iob. 33. 9. I am cleane , I am innocent . And marueile not that men are vnwilling to confesse , for confession presupposeth accusation : and who will accuse himselfe by name , except he be moued by grace , or be franticke ? Yea being accused , whose natures will yeeld , seeing what griefe , what sorrow , what shame , what humilitie must needes follow ? For sinne is grieuous , God is glorious , the law is holy . It is hard to be couered , punishment is fearefull , a pretious price is reiected ; and who will see the iudgements of God , by condemning themselues , and will not bee readie to dispaire ? Naturally therefore confesse we cannot . Thou hauing done sin , wouldest not now doe it : but where is grace to loue God ? how hard a thing then to confesse where God giueth not grace ? We must begin with our selues . I haue marueiled at many who could weepe bitterly for other mens sinnes , but could not shed a teare for their owne : but when thou hast felt the smart of sinne in thy selfe , then canst thou rightly acknowledge the sinnes of others : then art thou come to some good measure of this grace : And being escaped , with the Prophet Ezech. 9. thou maiest fall downe vpon thy face and crie and say : Ah Lord , wilt thou destroy all the residue of Israel , in powring out thy wrath vpon Ierusalem ? Hauing confessed mine owne sinne , then must I looke vnto others ; and to Gods iudgements against others , and so vpon mercies shewed to others , that I may learne to preuent and remoue iudgements , and to obtaine and continue mercie by confession . And though we haue no Nehemiahs to confesse publikely , Nehem. 9. yet let some stand in the gap priuately to pray for the people , that the people also may pray for vs ; and euerie one must so much more lament as his calling requires . Whose sinnes thou hast not acknowledged , thou art partaker of them ; and if thou admonish not , and do what thou canst with thy kinsfolkes and friends to recouer them , thou canst not cleere thy selfe of being guiltie of their iniquitie : but if thou bee grieued , and confessest and prayest priuately for the sinnes of thy brother , then maiest thou auoid vaineglory in the publique . True it is we may vse priuate meanes and yet neglect the publique , but wee must reade humbly with the Eunuch , and pray with feeling , that the prayers of others in publique may be profitable ; and feeling wants in the priuate meanes , wee must desire the helpe of the publique . Publique confession vnto God with men and before men is , when generally generall sinnes are confessed , or some particular sinnes as before the Sacraments . Thankefulnes can neuer bee receiued except confession of vnworthines goe before : and therefore prayers vsually begin with confession of sinnes and iudgements ; yet many abstaine and care not to come to the confession of their sinnes : but they must know that the Ministers mouth is to confesse their sinnes . When the Church hath offended against God , then all must confesse , Leuit. 18. Dan. 9. Esra . 9. No one thing is more pleasant to God than confession , nothing more displeasing than hiding : nothing more publique , the more acceptable . But herein is required iudgement and affection , for they do not only offend who confesse not , but also such as will confesse generall sinnes and not particular , in seeing wherein and after what manner they haue sinned : therefore a beadroll of the number and greatnes of their sinnes would bee made , and so fashion and hypocrisie would bee auoyded . Labour then to see thy sinne in time of confession , and say , Lord moue the heart of the Minister and people to confesse my sinne when I looke into it . Fault is not onely in iudgement , but in affection also : for if a man come to confesse vnto the Minister he will hang downe his head , though but two or three be present : but care not how publiquely thou doe it . We must be touched otherwise then when we sing Psalmes , there must bee reuerence in bowing of the knees , for thou must giue thy body and thy heart also . The Publican needeth not to be taught to cast downe his eyes , for the humble heart will bring downe thy looke . Againe , wee must giue good example in our outward gesture to prouoke others to come reuerently before the Lord. If confession be thus acceptable , then when we are to receiue more grace , wee must bee more humbled in acknowledging our sinnes ; and that we may doe it as we ought , we must labour for a deeper sight of our vnworthines by our sinnes . The way to obtaine mercie is , as soone as we see our sinnes to acknowledge them . I acknowledged my sinne , and then thou forgauest the punishment of my sinne , not my sinne onely . The debter loueth much that hath much forgiuen him , because he sorrowed much . The prodigall sonne returning after much sorrowe and humble confession , found much kindnes . Though we haue been vnkind children , is there more loue in a naturall man than in the Lord ? In naturall fathers and maisters when their seruants and children confesse , anger ceaseth ; is not this from the Lord ; and will not he shew fauour vnto vs ? Doth God giue thee this charge , that if thy brother repent seauentie times seauen times , thou shouldest forgiue him ? doth he perswade him truly confessing that hee will forgiue him ? and shall not then the Lord be mercifull vnto thee if thou confesse ; in giuing thee remission of thy sinnes , and sanctification from thy sinnes ? Yea God is more mercifull than man , when man truly confesseth . We are to pray that the ministery may be recouered , that the Ministers being humbled the people may also ioyne with them . Another kinde is to confesse to men and not only vnto God , otherwise it is hypocrisie ; as it is , though we confesse to men and not to God. We must confesse to men when we owe some dutie , or when we are to receiue a benefit by them . We owe them dutie when we are admonished : secondly , when we haue offended them . They that vse good meanes , and come by authoritie , we must confesse vnto thē , Mat. 18. Where there must be a yeelding or a proceeding with farther processe , Luk. 17. It is required that a man should acknowledge or he cannot haue forgiuenes . Where men offending are admonished ; I will confesse , say they , vnto God , not vnto you : when as the Lord requireth that it should first be done vnto men : First reconcile thy selfe to thy brother , then vnto God. We offend our brethren when we iniurie them : secondly , when we are authors or counsellers of them vnto euill : or thirdly , when we giue them euill example . Whether we haue iniured them in their bodies , goods , or good name . Leuit. 6. 4. the same day the sacrifice was to be offered , the same day must satisfaction be made . And where iudgement is threatned , men refusing to satisfie the parties , God will not forgiue , who is also offended : for God requireth confession , and man satisfaction . Many haue charged others to do euill , and haue wrought euill with others , the one being humbled , the other will not be perswaded it is so : but hauing hurt them in their soules , though by confession we cannot recouer them , yet we must shame our selues vnto them , that they may haue the cause of sinne vpon themselues . If thinking of these things in our studies , yet if we practise them not , our prayers will not be acceptable . We are to receiue benefit when we would haue aduise from them , or would be comforted of them : and we would haue aduise when we are tempted vnto sinne , or accused in our consciences for sinne . Though men cannot accuse vs , yet there are many times speciall sinnes that we cannot get peace with God for , or power to ouercome them : these must be confessed to men , that we may get strength in wisedome , Iam. 5. Where I take acknowledging to be more than confession : for a man cannot acknowledge a thing but he must needes confesse it ; but he may confesse , and yet not acknowledge . And there the Apostle speaketh of recouering one from sinne when they are tempted , as the whole scope of the place sheweth . In accusation the Diuell will lay sinne to our charge , and the conscience is feared both in reason and affection : then there must be recourse to our friends . Experience wofull enough will witnes this , some for light matters haue hanged themselues , who if they had opened their griefes might haue beene recouered , as some haue beene , whose throats haue beene ripped , and others who haue beene found lying in the waters . God hath appointed a communion of Saints , and if we will not partake of their couns●ile we may be brought downe for not disclosing as others haue beene . There is another higher sight of diuinitie and better faith of godlines , when there is griefe for sinne ; or for temptation to a sinne ; or thirdly , for lying in sinne and not getting out of it , and also for being prouoked to grosse sinnes . Many men lying in a sinne when neither by praying , nor fasting , nor hearing , nor otherwise they can get out of it , they must seeke for strength at others , and desire their prayers . The Papists will haue vs bound to the Ministers : S. Iames more large . To come out of sinne is the best way to shame our selues and acknowledge it ; and this meanes vsed plainely will driue Satan away for comming neere vs. The temptations are many times strange thoughts , to blaspheme God , and iniurie highly whom most we loue , and many such like things . The family of loue had these temptations , and many others who haue bene giuen ouer grosely , because fighting with an euill conscience , they did not vse the meanes of getting out . And these are laid vpon men for corrections for things past , for remedies for things to come to passe , and for prouocations vnto prayer . No remedie is so great as to disclose them to thy friend who loueth thee , and will pray with thee . Choyse must be vsed of those in whom we will disclose , especially of a spirituall father must our choyse be , spirituall for discerning well of the temptation , and for wisedome in prescribing a remedie . Not those who say it is fond , lessening the sinne which should be waighed as it is , that the iust proportion of Gods iudgement may be seene , neither to those that shal aggrauate it , least they terrifie thee too much . When sinne fighteth , then learning will not so much preuaile , Satan is such a subtle Sophister . A father he must be , a brother , a sister , a righteous man , as S. Iames saith , who must haue the affection of a father for compassion , taciturnitie , and not vpbrayding : Compassion , that the heart may bleed as of a tender father and mother , that though the sin be not ours , yet we may haue a fellow feeling ; for the mercifull is blessed which followeth the poore in spirit : Taciturnitie , that the sinne being close , it may neuer goe further thā the cause is . Vpbrayding is such a thing as it feareth many , because it is the propertie of worldly men to keepe men vnder by that meanes , but these fathers may not doe it . Though it be true that many meeting such a father , they will not vse him as a father ; which appalleth the spirit of a good father , who if in wisedome hee shall but touch any thing that may be thought to be disclosed , he is thought to doe it to vpbrayd them . FINIS . THE SIXTEENTH SERMON . Galath . 6. vers . 14. 15. Be it farre from mee that I should reioyce , but in the crosse of our Lord Iesus Christ ; whereby the world is crucified vnto me , and I vnto the world . For in Christ Iesus neither circumcision auaileth any thing , nor vncircumsion , but a new creature . HAuing finished in a late Treatise the doctrine of the true obseruation of the Sabbath , as a furtherance to nourish religion in them that are alreadie called , we now haue purposed considering the small proceeding in Christian profession , which ought to be found in this ripenes of the Gospell more glorious and abundant , to entreate of such matter , as being most agreeable to them that as yet haue not tasted how sweete Christ is and his Gospell , & very profitable for our senseles ▪ age wherein Christ is almost vtterly forsaken , may breede some loue of religion , and beginne at the least some care of our profession in vs. And to deliuer you from further suspense of minde and musing with your selues what this thing should bee , it is the comfortable doctrine of Christ crucified , and ioyfull tidings of the passion of Christ : whereof , because I know none that haue gone with a through stitch in this matter , but either , if they wrote soundly , they did it more sparingly than so excellent an argument doth deserue ; or if any haue laboured more largely , they haue done it more corruptly , than the historie of the Gospell will permit them : by the grace of God I haue purposed , and by the blessing of God I shall performe , to write of this matter more at large . Now for a preface or preparation hereunto , we haue made choise of that holy protestation of Paul , Galath , 6. 14. But be it farre from mee that I should reioyce , but in the crosse of our Lord Iesus Christ , whereby the world is crucified vnto mee , and I vnto the world , 15. For in Christ Iesus neither circumcision auaileth any thing , nor vncircumcision , but a new creature . 16. And as many as walke according to this rule , peace shall be vpon them , and mercie , and vpon the Israel of God. The Apostle hauing written against such corrupt teachers and false Prophets , as , after he had preached the libertie of the Gospell , laboured to bring in againe the politique gouernment of the Iewish ceremonies , and to intermingle the beggerly rudiments of the law with the glorious profession of the Gospell ; and hauing declared alreadie , that the firme faith of Christians needeth not the painted pompe of ceremonies , sheweth in the two verses immediatly going before these , that these false Apostles and bold Doctors of circumcision kept no good course , both for that they sought to auoide trouble and persecution , because being a menstruous people and monstrous companie of Christians and Iewes , they might bee safe on both sides and hurt of neither part ; as also for that they carnally sought their owne glorie , credit and estimation , by boasting themselues of the solemne troupe and notable number of disciples , whom they schooled and trained after them in their profession . Now in this place Paul opposing his sincere ministerie to their carnall gospelling , and the pure faith of Christians to the impure reliques of the Iewes , saith with a bold emphasis and godly protestation : But be it farre from me , that I should reioyce , but in the crosse of our Lord Iesus Christ , &c. As if he should say , God forbid that I should reioice in any thing sauing in this , that I know by the crosse of Christ the forgiuenes of my sins , that his righteousnes is imputed vnto me , that mine iniquities are nailed on his crosse , and buried in his death , so that I am not hencefoorth so much tempted to the things of this world , neither make I any great matter , how basely soeuer the world accounteth of mee . For why , I know it is not materiall , whether we be circumcised or vncircumcised , for that I neither finde benefit in being circumcised , neither any hurt in being vncircumcised : but herein I haue comfort and matter of reioycing , in that I am become a new creature in Christ , and am freed from all other shewes of Iewish pompe . And this I dare boldly affirme , that this cause of reioycing is not to me alone , but to all other faithfull Ministers teaching , and all other godly people willingly and diligently embracing this doctrine of the crosse of Christ. Briefly then we see in these principals , first that the crosse of Christ being neuer so obscure is more to be ioyed in , than al shewes of ceremonies be they neuer so glorious , because it worketh in vs these excellent effects , which the other can neuer doe , it crucifieth vs to this world , and maketh vs to become newe creatures . Lastly , it is shewed that this is no variable or particular doctrine but generall , no priuate passion of Paul , but a common ioy to all Ministers , and not to Ministers alone , but to all the whole Israel and companie of professors , that haue their ioy either in soundly teaching , or in sincerely learning of Christ crucified , so that all shall haue the ioy which Paul enioyed , if they will keepe the rule which Paul obserued : by which duties both of Pastors & people is insinuated , that whosoeuer shal wilfully forsake or spitefully reiect this doctrin , he is neither of the number of true Ministers , nor any member of the true Israelites . And if wee shall more deeply consider , how many and how great the crosses of Christ were for vs , and therewithall shall marke how vnfaithfully they be though of the most part of professors● , if we shall see the little meditation of them , the slender thankfulnes for them , the small fruites of mortification in being crucified to the world , the fewe tokens of sanctification in becomming new creatures , which comeby them , wee shall easily graunt the necessitie of this doctrine to bee taught , and comfort of it to be learned , especially seeing in the old age of the Gospell we haue so fewe true reioicers in Christ crucified , so many enemies of the crosse of Christ both amōg them that be teachers , and them that are taught . As for the enemies of Christ his crosse , they be either professed enemies , or not heartie friends : the professed enemies are either such , as be without all religion , or such as are seduced by a false religion : they without religion are Atheists , Epicures , & worldlings , vnto whom Christ crucified is a laughing stocke , and a matter of scoffing , in that Christ is ridiculous in their eyes , and absurd in their iudgement : those that are corruptly seduced ( that I omit Turkes , and Iewes ) are either superstitious Papists , or erroneous Heretikes . The superstitious Papists , notwithstanding their woodden crosse and painted banners , and for all their Passion Sundaies , & good Fridaies , are the greatest enemies to the passion and crosse of Christ. For wofull experience hath taught , that these foolish deuices of mē hauing but once crept ouer the threshold into the doores of the Church , did thrust out with the lorhsomnes of their presence the holie ordinances of God , in that when men could not brooke the crosses and afflictions which are incident to true Christians , they would inuent for a further ease a crosse of wood ; and when they were wearie of hearing their filthy sinnes laid open to bring them to Christ , they prouided for that : & in stead of preaching they had Masse singing . Wherefore it may truly be said of superstitious ceremonies and Christian religion , as the Heathen man reporteth of the Hedgehog and the Satyre , who entertaining the Hedgehog which he had found for his guest , was so prickt with his thornie brissels , as he was constrained to goe out of his house . A very ill guest displacing his hoste , a perilous tenant dispossessing his landlord . Howbeit we know , that these superstitious worshippers pretended a very great deuotion to Christ on their Passion Sunday in a solemne making of sepulchers , in chaunting diuers songs sometime in Pilates tune , sometime in Herods tune , sometime in the Pharisies tune , and sometime in the Disciples tune : in all which the diuell bereaued them of the pure vse and due consideration of Christ crucified . And yet some of these would hate a Iew , some would spit at a Iew , some would weepe to heare the name of Christ , and would pitie his death . I am the longer in these things to make the iudgements of God in them profitable instructions to vs , by prouoking men to thankfulnes for their deliuerance , if in truth they be deliuered , that is , if they be not now as prophane , as euer they were superstitious , not forsaking but changing the sinne . As for the erroneous heretiques , not to speake of all , let vs adde somewhat of the most pestilent family of loue , who shoote as much too short at this pricke , as the other shoote too farre . For in speaking of the birth , death , and resurrection of Christ , these men as fooles flying one extremitie , runne post-hast into the contrary extremitie : and therefore these wretches imagining to themselues a spirituall Christ , are as much to be maliced , as the Papists are to be pittied . For after Poperie yet some cause was giuen of reioycing , in that the truth of the historie was left vnto vs ; but these fellowes vnder a colour of not being ceremoniall , but altogether desiring to be spirituall , take away all from vs , and yet most deceitfully will seeme to graunt all . If ye demaund any thing of Christ his birth , they will graunt it ; if ye aske whether he was borne of the seed of Dauid , and of the Virgin Mary , they will confesse it , but as vnderstanding it after this allegorie , for that Mary , as they say , signifieth doctrine , Dauid the beloued seruice : so that this is their iudgement of Christ his birth , that he was borne of the doctrine of the seruice of loue . In like manner they will graunt the resurrection of Christ his death and his buriall , but in this sense , that Christ suffereth in our suffocated nature , and is crucified , when sinne dieth in vs , and when they suffer for the doctrine of loue , and that after they haue suffered and begin to be illuminated , then Christ riseth againe in them , and lastly , when the light of nature getteth some clearer light of iudgement , then Christ is readie to come to iudgement . Thus a number hauing refused the Antichristian Pope , are fallen into the hands of Antichristian Atheists , and hauing eschued the dregs of poperie , they haue wallowed most filthily in the mire of here sie . And thus much of the professed enemies . Now of the not hearted friends , whereof the one sort is not well aduised , the other are not very faithfull friends . The vnaduised friends vnder a pretence of knowing nothing but Christ , condemne all humane learning , arts , and sciences , all manuall professions : and these men , though as yet they are not plunged in heresie , yet without the speciall grace of God preuenting them , are in the high way as readie to be trained vp to heresie , and thus being ouer wise and ouer iust they cannot in truth reioyce in the crosse of Christ. The vnfaithfull friends being both protestants and professors , though they be no plaine atheists ▪ but giue some countenance to the Gospell , do neither chiefely reioyce in Christ , nor truly sorrow for their sinnes , which notwithstanding are so great , as neither the vertue of Christ his death , nor the power of his resurrection appeareth in their liues , or in their deaths : and these men be either by degrees tending to prophane atheisme , or they are brought vp to be superstitious Papists , and grosse heretiques . Contrary to all these professed enemies and not heartie friends are they , who so truly meditate on Christ his birth , death , and resurrection , as they chiefely mourning for their sinnes , thinke this the greatest knowledge to know Christ crucified , and count this their highest ioy to reioyce in the crosse of Christ : by which knowledge not of any spirituall and imagined Christ , by which ioy not in ceremonie or superstition they labour to crucifie the world , not to forsake or vtterly to neglect the necessarie things of this life , they endeuour to restraine , not to destroy their flesh , & finally to become new creatures , and yet not here to liue lik● Angels . Thus we see how requisite this treatise will be , both that we may be deliuered from the Papists superstitiōs , from the monstrous conceits of Heretikes , from the sinister meditation of vnaduised persons , and the carnall consideration of worldly professors , as also by it to come to some sound fruite of Christ his death , and from the fruite feeling to engender faith , that from true faith may spring true loue , and from our loue may grow true practise . Now to come to the words of our Apostle : Be it farre from me . He here sheweth how his choise came of a setled purpose , and that in respect of this whereof he had made a sound and speciall choise aboue the rest , he abhorred and vily esteemed all other things . And this vehement phrase of speech is vsed of the Apostle in things which rather are to be detested , than to be disputed against , as Rom. 3. 4. when Paul abhorreth the blasphemie against the grace of God , in that the vnbeliefe of a few should disanull the beliefe of many , he crieth out , God forbid . And when he would shew his heartie hatred to the accusers of the righteousnes of God , Rom. 3. he saith , God forbid . As also in the end of the same chapter , the Apostle more vehemently meeting with the obiection of thē who say , in that iustification came of faith , would liue as they listed , and would make the law of God of no purpose , saith , Be it farre from me . Likewise Rom. 2. abhorring them that would willingly diuorce holinesse of life from iustification , and remaine in sinne , that Christ his grace may abound , he breaketh out , God forbid . Thus then the holy Ghost vseth this phrase , when either he sheweth some thing thoroughly to be hated , or speaketh of some thing principally to be chosen and preferred . And the Apostles meaning in chusing aboue all to reioyce in Christ crucified , and in mourning for nothing more than for that which hindreth the crosse of Christ , is nothing else but to declare , that whosoeuer doth reioyce in any thing more than in Christ crucified , he freeth himselfe from all the things that are in Christ , and as yet he cannot assure himselfe to belong to Christ , as also he sheweth what a necessarie reioycing this is , in that there is no comfort in saluation , no marke of Gods childe in him , who either reioyceth not in this , or at the least longeth for it . That I should reioyce . Marke , he saith not , Be it farre from me , that I should vse , thinke , speake , or doe any thing but the crosse of Christ : but he wisheth , that his affection should not principally be tied to any thing , but to Christ. Neither must we from hence vnfitly gather , that we should not eate , drinke , apparell ourselues , marrie , or walke in some honest trade of life ; but this we must learne , that we set not our harts on these things , so as our ioy in them should become either greater or equall with the reioycing in the crosse of Christ : but rather , that hauing wiues we be as though we had none , & buying as though we possessed not , and vsing this world , as though we vsed it not . For otherwise the things of this world vanish away , and therefore they are no such things , as we should desire to stay our affections in them . 1. Cor. 2. 2. the Apostle speaking of the like thing , saith , I esteemed not to know any thing among you , saue Iesus Christ and him crucified , purposeth not to shew that he knew not any thing else , or that he would denie vnto men the knowledge of tongues , learning or handicrafts : for we know that he was a Pharisie , brought vp in good learning at the feete of Gamaliel , and how he reporteth of himselfe , to speake as much in the tongues as any of the other Apostles , and that he was a Tent-maker , exhorting also in some of his Epistles men to get their liuings with some honest trade : but his meaning is , that he thought nothing worthie to be knowne , or coueted no knowledge as excellent in respect , and in comparison of the knowledge of Christ and him crucified . And therefore whereas there were some among the Corinthians , a people very famous for their learning and knowledge , who pleased themselues in a conceit of their great gifts and sciences , the Apostle not wanting these things , protesteth vnto them , that he neuer made this humane knowledge the full scope , drift , and foundation of his labours , and that he neuer vsed them as the treasure of his heart , although he could tell how farre to giue them their reuerence , their due time , and place in others ; but that he esteemed them in that measure , as they stood him in stead the better to offer his seruice to Iesus Christ. Againe , we must not here thinke , that the Apostle knew not parents , Magistrates and gouernours , the gifts of men , and the duties to be giuen to euery one of these : but if he saw that men did glorie in themselues , in their titles , & in their dignities , then he knew them not in the flesh , that is , he did not esteeme them for those things , but so farre he knew them in the spirit , as he could reioyce that they were new creatures . And therefore men must not think , that for these gifts we are all in all , but that the crosse of Christ is the marke we shoote at , without the which all authoritie , learning , and knowledge is accursed of God. Neuerthelesse we see it is the weaknes of iudgement to reiect all other things , in themselues being the good gifts of God , as our vnaduised friends haue done , as though the knowledge and practise of Arts , Sciences , tongues , and handicrafts did defile a man ; or as though a man were the more holie for not vsing these outward meanes . But in our daies few labour of this disease of such superstitious austeritie , and in our carelesse times men are not so much ouerwise and benummed in iudgement in this behalfe ; but most men on the contrary reioyce either as much or more in these things , than in the crosse of Christ : and this is the euill wherewith most men haue surfeited , this is the euill whereat the Apostle striketh . For though men will graunt , that Christ is to be reioyced in , yet their workes doe shew that they reioyce in some thing more than in the crosse of Christ ; and if they shew any ioy to religion , it is rather done to countenance their owne gifts , than to gaine any credit to Christ. How many , I pray you , in our daies reioyce in open wickednesse , as the adulterer in his lusts , the wrathfull man in his reuenging , the couetous man in his riches , the enuious man in his emulation , and the ambitious man in his honours ? Why doe men learne but to get preferment ? why doe men so labour , but to attaine to profit ? why doe men take such paines , but in the end to reape pleasure ? So farre are we off from reioycing in Christ crucified , that men now reioyce in open sinnes , and that so manifestly , as couetousnes & ambition creeping vnder the cloake of vertue , pleade for abilitie and maintenance , for place and countenance , without which , as they say , a man cannot doe good . But these men that thus labour more for promotion , profit and pleasure , than to find Christ crucified , and cannot find the vncomparable ioy , if they were new creatures , may happily carrie the face of Christians , but surely by outward calling as yet they belong not vnto Christ. And what are these outward things to be reioyced in ? Admit that a man had all learning , authoritie , riches , and credit ; are they not common as well to the wicked as to the godly ? are they not so transitorie and insufficient , that the more a man hath of them , the more he may haue ? doe they make the possessor the better , can they keepe euill from him , can they minister comfort to the afflicted conscience , can they make vs reioyce in the houre of death , or can they saue vs from confusion before God his iudgement seate ? Surely this is not in wit , eloquence , learning , friends , glorie , riches , and authoritie , all which the wicked know better to abuse , than the godly to vse ; but in Christ , which was accursed , and in his crosse which was a blessing vnto vs. Seeing it is so , well did the Apostle to reioyce in this aboue all . For were a man neuer so good , so glorious , so learned , so well brought vp , of such authoritie , he must stoope at God his iudgement seate , and there fall like a miserable caitife , vnlesse he vsed these things to God his glorie , and aboue all reioyced in the crosse of Christ. But now let vs see what is meant by the crosse of Christ. Some vnderstand it of the afflictions which hee did suffer for the profession of Christ , because the Apostle saith in another place , how he did beare about with him the marks of his sufferings in his body . But this sense were too hard to be brooked , that we should reioyce in nothing but in affliction ; albeit this is a truth , that we may reioyce in those afflictions which we suffer for Christ his sake . Againe , the crosse of Christ taken for affliction , cānot be said to be a principal cause of the world crucified to vs , or of crucifying vs to the world , although in some respect it may be coūted an inferior cause . Further if we compare this place with other places of the scriptures , we shal find it to be vnderstood of the crosse which Christ suffered for vs , rather than of the crosse which we suffer for him , as 2. Cor , 2 2. where the Apostle laboureth to know nothing , as heere he reioyceth in nothing more than in Christ crucified , as he calleth it in that place , or in the crosse of Christ , as he speaketh in this place . The Apostle his meaning then briefely is this . Be it farre from me that I should chiefely reioyce in any , but in Christ crucified , because he can present me blamelesse before God his iudgement seate , hee hath nailed my sinnes to his crosse , he is the immaculate Lambe that was sacrificed for me , and will present me as cleare without spot before his father , as euer I was created . Wherefore Paul knowing the crosse of Christ able to performe all these things , good cause there was why he then , and we now attaining in some measure to the like knowledge , should reioyce in Christ crucified , by whō we become crucified to the world . First we are to note , that they that with delight lye in sinne , or haue no desire to come out of sinne , cannot reioyce in the crosse of Christ. For if thou be filthie , and wilt be filthie still in thy flesh , how darest thou presume to reioyce in the scourged and torne flesh of Iesus Christ ? Canst thou , ô miser , still like and loue this world so much , when thou doest more prick and pearce Christ with thy sinnes , than euer he was pricked with thornes and nailes ? or can the thornes of Christ crucified be pretious to thee , when the thornes of worldly cares doe so delight and choke thee ? How canst thou still boyle in thine anger , when thou doest remember how mildly Christ crucified suffered the bitter anger of his father for thee ? Doest thou looke for great matters in this world , considering Christ to bee borne for thee so basely , to liue so poorely , and to dye for thee so painfully ? Surely thou maist appertaine to Christ in secret election , but thy sinnes thus with delight raigning in thee , thou hast no assurance of Christ by thy walking . Well on the contrarie , doest thou , thou poore sinner , feele the lusts of thy flesh loathsome vnto thee , that thou euen quakest to remember the place , the time , the occasion where sinne ouertooke thee , and feelest more terrour to thinke of them , than euer thou fel●st pleasure in doing of them ? then for thy comfort remember , thy sinnes are pardoned , the pretious flesh of Christ was torne for thee , and that thou seeing the wrath of God due to thy defiled flesh , shalt receiue mercie , because the crucified flesh of Christ doth acquite the filthines of thy flesh , and the punishment due vnto it . Againe , doth the world begin to be vile in thine eyes , and thou art ashamed that thine heart hath been so long set on things below , & the thornie cares doe now pricke and wound thine heart with sorrow ? then remember the head of Christ was planted with thornes , and Christ for thee despised the world , his hands and feete for thee being nailed , his side pearced , his whole body for thee being crucified . Art thou angry with thy selfe that thou hast been so much giuen to anger , and canst willingly take iudgement of thy selfe , because thou hast abused God his presence , and defiled his holy house in comming thither with an angrie heart ? then remember how Christ for thee sustained the anger of God his wrath to take from thee the imputation of thine anger ▪ Canst thou not be content to bee a worme of men , and as it were troden on ? thinkest thou more vilely of thy selfe than of any other ? art thou now afraid of hypocrisie , and feelest thy selfe troubled that thou didst not more earnestly seeke God , and neuer didst so much desire the fauour of men , as now thou desirest the fauour of God , and thinkest it a great mercie to haue one foote in the earth ? then remember how vile Christ was to make thee pretious to God , consider how he was the seruant of all , a reproofe of men , a worme , and not a man , troden downe euen of the worst kinde of men , that he might free thee from thy vaineglory and secret pride . Art thou grieued that thou hast presumed on the mercie of God , and doest thou now thinke no more , nor so much to be in thee as in other men , and that thou art not a sinner alone , but a sinner vily infected , not resting thy selfe in any opinion of a ciuill life ? Art thou now as deepely plunged in despaire as before thou wast puft vp with presumption ? call to minde that Christ was not only reiected of men but of God , to bring thee in fauour both with God and men , and that he was trobled when he said , Father if it bee thy will , let this cup passe from mee : remember how he laboured in a sweate and agonie , not in a cold sweate , but so as the warme blood was faine to runne out of their veines : behold how hee was hanged betweene heauen & earth , as spued out of the one , and accursed in the other , and suffered the heauines of his soule to free thee from presumption by his mightie humilitie , & to helpe thee from desperation by his painefull crosse . To be briefe , there are two kinds of men that cannot reioyce in this crosse of Christ , the one , because they haue an opinion of their own righteousnes ; the other , because they are senselesse for the securitie of their sinnes . For the one , because the feeling of the sore causeth vs to make much of the salue , and the sense of sinne worketh a ioy in the deliuerance from sinne ; it is sure they cannot reioyce in the forgiuenes of sinne , that neuer could lament for the guiltines and grieuousnes of sinne , which are the cause of Christ his death . Wherefore our Sauiour Christ Luk. 22. seeing certaine women following him with lamentation , and mourning that so good a man so innocently should be put to death , saith to them , weepe rather ô daughters of Ierusalem , for your sinnes , teaching them , that their most speciall cause of weeping was their owne iniquitie , which was the cause why now he should suffer death . Now then because we are ignorant , many see not their sinnes , and for that cause cannot mourne for them . For they need no ioy that feele no sorrow , they neede no comfort that tast no griefe , they neede no release that are in no bands , and none can truly reioice in the crosse of Christ , but they that see their sinnes haue crucified Christ. Wherefore to helpe our blindnes in seeing , and numbnes in feeling sinne , wee must come to the law of God , and to the iudgements of God there with adioyned . Why cannot men come to the sight of their sinnes ? because they know not the lawe . Why haue not men a sense of their sinne ? because they consider not the threatning of the law . So that the remedie to make vs see sinne , is the knowledge of the law , the remedie to make vs feele sinne , is the sense of the iudgements of God threatned in the law . And why cannot the Papists reioyce in Christ , but imagine other histories ? is it not because they haue imagined a coloured perswasion of the law , thinking that the law may bee kept of man , measuring the interpretation of the lawe and the obseruation thereof by grosse sinnes , and not otherwise , as did the Pharisies , counting all the spirituall interpretation of the commandements but good counsels , not necessarie precepts ? So that they not seeing the law spirituall , nor themselues carnall , cannot see themselues sold vnder sinne . The Apostles knew grosse sinnes as well as they did to be the breaches of the law of God , yea and the worldly wise Philosophers could confesse as much , but he saw further , that euery little thought rebelling against the spirit and fighting against the law , was sinne , which they neuer dreamed of . And therefore Paul sifting his corruption so low , thought himselfe euen as a slaue or dead man , howsoeuer before he might haue thought himselfe , and did account himselfe as vpright a man as the best of them . If we likewise shall looke narrowly into the law , seeing the good things commaunded , and the euill things forbidden , and both of them infinite , & then shall consider our selues to be infinite , our affections not being angelicall , but our whole nature corrupt , and our whole will rebelling , this will rid vs of all imagined righteousnes , and will cause vs to cast off our hold of our owne perfection ; for finding the law commaunding good things so plentifully , and forbidding euill things so manifoldly , and then seeing our selues to doe so many euill things , and to leaue vndone so many good things , wee shall not onely be conuicted to be sinners , but we will confesse ourselues to be most miserable sinners . But why are not our affections moued with a sense of sinne , as in iudgement we haue the sight of sinne ? because our eyes are still set on the things commaunded and forbidden , and withall we looke not into the curses of the law , and threatnings against them that commit the euill things , and omit the good things . FINIS . THE SEVENTEENTH SERMON . Galath . 6. vers . 15. For in Christ Iesus neither circumcision auaileth any thing , nor vncircumcision , but a new creature . AS we haue spoken of the former fruite of the crosse of Christ , which was , that the Apostle was crucified to the world , and the world crucified to him : so now wee are to speake of the latter effect , that is , hee was made a new creature . And here note by the way , that though mention here bee not expressiuely made of the resurrection of Christ , as was before of the crosse of Christ : yet it is necessarily vnderstood , and that according to the meaning and custome of the holy Ghost ; because as it is the vertue of the crosse of Christ that crucifieth sinne in vs , so it is the power of his resurrection that raiseth vs to newnes of life ; and as Christ died for our sinnes , so he rose againe for our iustification , Rom. 4. and as hee died to cleanse vs from our sinnes , so also to crucifie sinne in vs ; and as hee rose to impute righteousnes vnto vs , so also to worke in vs righteousnesse and holinesse . In that the Apostle speaketh here of a new creature , as also hee doth 2. Corinth . 5 , 27. If any man be in Christ ▪ let him bee a new creature , &c. we are taught , that it is not sufficient to be crucified to the world , but we must be also new creatures ; we must not onely put off the old man , but wee must put on the new man , and looke what wee detract from the one we must adde to the other : it is not enough to die , vnlesse we be borne again ; it is not enough to be corrupted , vnlesse wee bee chaunged . For as it was not sufficient for Christ to be crucified , but hee ought also to rise againe : so it is not sufficient for vs to bee freed from the guiltines and corruption of sinne , which we receiued of Adam , but we must also be clothed with that righteousnesse , and bee made partakers of that holinesse which floweth from Christ , so that as none of our sinnes shall bee laid to our charge : likewise all Christ his obedience is as fully ours , as we our selues had done it . Now the better to conceiue what it is to be a new creature , we must consider for the one part that which is Ephes. 4. 22. 23. 24. Cast off , concerning the conuersation in time past , the olde man , which is corrupt through the deceiuable lusts , And bee renewed in the spirit of your minde , And put on the new man , which after God is created in righteousnesse , and true holinesse : and for the other part , that which is Coloss. 3. 9. Ye haue put off the old man , with his workes , 10. And haue put on the new man , which is renewed in knowledge after the image of him that created him : briefly the word importeth thus much , that whatsoeuer wee lost in the first creation , wee must receiue in the second ; and whatsoeuer we haue been depriued of by Adam , we haue it restored in Christ. Adam not in substance but in qualities was made like vnto God , and we are new creatures , made partakers of the godly nature , as witnesseth Peter , not in things essentiall , but in holy qualities to resemble the Creatour . And as Adam in the beginning , and we in Adam were made wise , righteous , holy , and in perfit felicitie , and both he and we through sinne haue lost this heauenly image : for in Christ it is renewed so fully , as he is our wisedome , and taketh from vs ignorance ; hee is our righteousnes , and acquiteth vs from our sinnes ; he is our holinesse , and freeth vs from our corruption ; hee is our redemption , and restoreth to vs our libertie . And because we are then renewed , when wee are a wise people , righteous , holy , and waiting for the comming of Christ : we must on our parts in some measure haue our earthly wisedome mortified , spirituall wisedome renewed , our earthly affections slaine , godly affections quickened , our old conuersation quelled , & our conuersation from hence-foorth in heauen , we must not liue as we were wont , but our liues must be changed to the obedience of the word , which wee must testifie in thought , word and deede . Briefly then wee are renewed by faith in Christ , when wee assuredly beleeue , that ( 1. Cor. 1. 30 ) Christ Iesus is made of God vnto vs wisedome , and righteousnes , and sanctification , and redemption , and by the fruites of faith , by Rom. 12. 2. ) not fashioning our selues like vnto this world , but by being changed by the renewing of our minde , and by ( Ephes. 4. 24 ) putting on the new man , which after God is created in righteousnesse , and true holinesse . First therefore we must beleeue , that Christ is made to vs wisedome , because naturally ( Ephes. 4. 18. ) our cogitation is darkened , and we are strangers from the life of God , through the ignorance that is in vs. How blinde we are by nature , and what neede wee haue of the Spirit of Christ to enlighten vs , the Prophet Dauid euen in that image of a new creature , Psal. 119. by his often praying for the same , doth plentifully declare . And when it shall please God thus to enlighten vs , then must wee labour for a certificate in our consciences , to haue our sinnes cleerely discharged in the death of Christ , and to assure vs that Christ his righteousnes in his resurrectiō is as surely imputed vnto vs , as if we had done all righteousnes , and though we haue been sinners as others , yet that our sinnes shall not be laid to our charge . This the Philosophers and wise men could neuer see by the light of nature , because it is a mysterie of mysteries , vndoubtedly to be perswaded that for Christ his sake wee shall appeare righteous before God his iudgement seate , as though wee neuer had sinned , but had fulfilled the whole law of God. For wee are imputed righteous , as Christ was an imputed sinner , and as we hope for the ioyes of heauen euen as wee had committed all the righteousnesse , which Christ alone did ; so hee did beare the paines of hell euen as hee had commited all the sinnes , which we alone did commit . Besides , he must be our holinesse , that is , our flesh must be so crucified in his flesh , and his holinesse must so be communicated vnto vs , as of prophane worshippers , wee may become truly religious ; of blasphemers of the name of God , pure vsers of the name of God ; of breakers of the Sabbath , obseruers of the Sabbath ; of carelesse gouernours , carefull gouernours : of disobedient , obedient ; of cruell , meeke ; of vnchast , chast persons ; of vnrighteous , righteous persons ; of euill speakers , couerers of the infirmities of others ; of such as haue let their thoughts runne vncontrolled , carefull watchers euen ouer our least affections . The want of the knowledge hereof is punished by the diuelish vermine of the Familie of loue . They say Christ in them is their new birth , we say new birth is wrought in vs by the Spirit of Christ ingraffing vs into Christ ; they say the worke of sanctification is perfit in this life , wee say it is begun here , and continued , but ended in the life to come . For as our wisedome is not perfit in this world , vnlesse it bee by imputation of Christ his wisedome , but still groweth by degrees , and we are not perfit at the first in faith couering the imputation of Christ his righteousnes vnto vs , and we grow from faith to faith : so our wisedome is not here so perfit when wee are renewed , but stained with many blemishes . And as wee see in the naturall birth children are not at the first old men , but from infācie they grow to childhood , from childhood to their nonage , from nonage to perfit age and old age : euen so in the spirtuall birth we grow from strength to strength , from measure to measure , vntill wee come to perfection . Our wisedom is often captiuated , our faith is often weake , our righteousnes is often defiled , our holinesse is often corrupted . Now as in the crosse of Christ our sins are discharged , as in the fulnes of Christ we haue wisedomeas in his resurrection we haue righteousnes , and by the working of his Spirit he communicateth to vs his holinesse : so also in his comming againe we sted fastly looke for the fulnes of our redemptiō in him , who was borne for vs , who liued for vs , who died for vs , who rose for vs , who ascended for vs , who liueth in vs , who will come againe to redeeme vs , deliuering our soules from sinne , from griefe , and reproch , our bodies from sicknes , paine , and trouble , wiping away all teares from our eyes , and setting vs free from death , miserie and corruption : for whom wee all crie in our afflictions , Come Lord Iesus , who shalt change our vile bodies , and make them like to thy glorious bodie , at such time looking for the accomplishment hereof , as hee shall come from heauen with his Angels , to gather together the elect and the reprobates , the one to receiue the sentence of saluation , the other to receiue sentence of condemnation . Wee are now new creatures by faith in Christ , by hope of our redemption through him , but we shall bee so in effect ; we are here renewed in righteousnes , in holinesse , in wisedome , but in part : yet we haue remnants of sinne , as they that neither through the grace of God sinne to death , neither by reason of our owne corruption are altogether free from sinne . And therefore we had neede to looke for Christ to come a Redeemer , who will cleane rid vs from our pride , who will rid vs from our vnthankfulnes from our vnbeliefe , and from whatsoeuer thing may hinder the glory of God or our saluation , who will rid vs from all sicknes , pouertie , sorenes , and calamity in our bodies , that what freedome we now hold by faith , we shall then haue in fruition and most absolute possession , which , when it draweth neere , must cause vs to lift vp our heads and reioyce . Being thus made new by faith in Christ , we must not stay , but testifie this faith to others by effects , in becomming no more like vnto the world , but putting on a new couersation , after the likenes of him that hath so called vs. It is to no ende to say thou art a Christian , if thou art not there with all a new creature , as the Apostle proueth , 2. Cor. 5. 27. These effects are partly in the soule , and partly in the body : in the soule we must be renewed in our vnderstanding , in our memories , and in our affections . As our vnderstanding sometime hath beene darkened concerning the things of Iesus Christ : so from hence forth we must couet to vnderstand nothing more than Christ Iesus , and him crucifie●●● as our memories haue bin as fresh in retaining , as our vnderstandings in receiuing earthly things ; so now forgetting the things of this life , we must chiefly remēber those things which perish not with memorie , but are heauenly , spirituall , and eternall : as wee were wont to loue , hate , like , and mislike for our selues , now wee must loue , and hate , like , and mislike for the glorie of God. Wee are therefore to pray , that the Lord would frame in vs new hearts , that as wee haue beene carnally minded , wee may bee spiritually minded ; and as we must haue new hearts , so also must we labour for new affections . Our loue , as I said , which was mingled with selfe-loue , must bee taken vp for the Lord his behoofe ; our anger , which was in the defence of our owne cause , must now bee bestowed in the maintenance of God his glorie , and what power soeuer is within vs , it must bee spent on the Lord his behalfe . And yet we must goe further in this worke of regeneration , offering to the Lord our bodies , as we haue offered our soules , that as we haue giuen our members seruants to vncleannes , and to iniquitie ; so now wee giue our members seruants vnto righteousnes in holinesse , from hence-foorth hauing new eyes , new eares , new tongues , new hands , and new feete . Our eyes haue sometimes lusted after popish pompe , they haue beene rauished with a delight in the creatures of God , but carnally and without all glorie to God ; they haue bin haughtie , ful of pride , fraught with disdaine , nourishers of vncleannes , the wickets of death vnto our soules , and carried away with the couetous desire of worldly things ; now they must be renewed not in substance , but in their duties : whatsoeuer wee behold with them , we must make them teachers of the soule thereby , and all things seeming beautifull to the eyes in this life , where the creatures are defiled , ought to prouoke vs to the beautie of the Creator , which is infinite , wee must testifie our humilitie , our pietie , our chastitie , and our vpright affections by them . Our eares , which haue been more carried away with the vaine chaunting of Papists , than with the reuerent singing of the Church , & haue more greedily attended on lies than on the truth , that haue heard sinne without griefe , and filled themselues with vnchast songs , must so be framed and fashioned anewe , as wee lend them onely to the word , to gracing speeches , to chast communication willingly ; and whatsoeuer wee shall heare contrarie to these , to stop them vp , and to make knowne our heartie misliking of them . Our tongues haue in time past either in praying ignorantly , vainly , and superstitiously , or in not praying at all , in abusing the name of God , in vnreuerent , vncharitable , vnchast , vntrue speeches set themselues against the Lord and his people ; now they are to bee the spokesmen of our hearts in vnderstanding , in truth , in sinceritie praying to the Lord , they must be the most glorious aduancers of God his glory , they must be dipped and seasoned with salt , with grace , with reuerence , with meekenes , chastitie , and truth , as the vn●eined witnesses of a renewed minde . Our hands hauing been lift vp to false gods , being full of blood , violence , concupiscence , briberie , deceit , and false dealing , are now to bee stretched out to the true God , and to shewe forth his power in relieuing the needie , in giuing of almes , in helping the afflicted , in punishing all filthines , briberie , and falsehood vnto the vttermost . Lastly , our feete that haue runne so swiftly to sacring and to the resurrection , that haue runne so fast to Idoll seruice , to huntings , bearebaitings , and enterludes on the Sabbath day , that haue beene so full of contemptuous disobedience , so readie to shed blood , so swift and nimble in dauncing , so expert in carying the things of other men , must now runne to the Church of God , to the hearing of the word , to offer pure prayers , to receiue the Sacraments , and must now run as fast frō those prophane exercises on the Lords day , they must now carrie vs to prisons , to sick persons , to the house of moruning , we must from henceforth number our steps , and order them a right , to the glorie of God , and the good of our brethren . Thus it behoueth vs to doe , that will make claime with comfort to the death and resurrection of Christ , namely , as we desire to haue our sinnes pardoned by his crosse , so must we desire to haue our sinnes in some measure pared away by the vertue of his crosse ; and as wee desire to haue the imputation of Christ his righteousnes by his resurrection , so must wee pray for the cōmunication of his holines in some measure to worke in vs righteousnes by the power of his resurrection , laboring from henceforth to haue our conuersation in heauen , and being risen with Christ , to seeke those things that are aboue , where Christ fitteth at the right hand of God , Colloss . 3. 1. But alas , many men would haue him a Christ to answere for their sinnes , that they may be iustified , but they labour not that hee should crucifie sinne in them , whereby they might be mortified , and what is this , but to make a mock of Christ ? And yet I do not here mind to exclude the forgiuenes of sinne by Christ , nay I rather graunt a continuall forgiuenes of sinne through Christ , adding only this , that as we desire to haue our sinnes pardoned , so wee should desire to haue them purified . Neither do I dreame of being cleane without sinne , or of any imagined perfection in this life ; but I require that we should not wittingly and willingly lye in sinne ; and though we cannot come to perfection , yet to striue to come to perfection . For we are said to be new creatures not in being perfitly renewed , but in that we are in renewing , and finding the remnants of sinne withstanding the worke of new birth , wee looke for Christ a Redeemer to make an end of sinne in vs. Wherfore we must beware of the doctrine of heretikes , imagining great things of perfection , as also of the prophanenes of hypocrites and dissembling professors ; we must neither be too righteous , nor too sinfull , neither too wise , nor too foolish , neither to looke for Christ alone to be without vs , neither to imagine any spirituall Christ to be within vs , neither with proud heretikes must wee please our selues with any indwelling righteousnes , neither must we rest in Christ without new birth , as the drousie Protestants : for if thou liest in sinne , thou art not in Christ , because old things are gone , and new things haue succeeded their place . It is maruellous that the wretched heretikes cannot see their imperfections , when they still hunger , and eate , thirst , and drinke , sometimes subiect to sicknes , sometime needing marriage , and dying as well as other men ; all which things should be laid from them if they were perfitly in●●●sted in Christ , and alreadie had entred into the kingdome of glorie , where wee shall neither neede to eate , to drinke , to sleepe , where we shall neither marrie , nor giue in marriage , there dwelleth incorruption , and immortalitie . No more than are they perfit in this life , than they neede not these outward things , and still they shall shew themselues vnperfit , whilest they shall shew themselues to stand in neede of them . We then grone here vnder infirmitie , & hope for our perfection in the life to come ; and this is the excellencie of Christiana . But where is this wisedome , where is this faith in Christ his righteousnes , where is this new heart , new minde , and new affections ? where be these new bodies , where is this bold courage in persecution , and comfortable looking for Iesus Christ to come a Redeemer , so that with a ioyfull heart we can thinke of our resurrection ? Alas we are as yet but chickens , we are but as children , we are but as babes in Christ , and tender nouices , yet clea●ing to the cradle , and sticking to our swadling bands , and well are we if we so be , and labour still to grow on . But let vs further consider of the wordes of the Apostle : In Christ Iesus neither circumcision auaileth any thing , nor vncircumcision . Wee haue heard before that the false Apostles and secret supplanters of Paules preaching did not mislike that the Gospell should bee preached , but therewithall they would induce Moses his gouernement , and the discipline of the Iewish traditions . Against this mixture of the Lawe and the Gospell of Moses and Christ the Apostle beateth , fearing least a little leauen would sowre a great piece of dowe . Against such , the teachers of our times had neede to preach , for many make a mingle mangle of religion , neither flat Papists , nor sound Protestāts , who not for any conscience sake , but for the easing of their flesh prouide a safe shelter against the stormes of persecution . The Iewes reioyced in that they were circumcised , the Gentiles reioyced in that they were not circumcised : but both reioyced amisse , saith the Apostle , in that they should rather reioyce that Christ Iesus was crucified , than that their foreskin was either cut or not cut . Againe , by circumcision in this place the Apostle meaneth all other ceremonies , putting part for the whole , whereby he would shew , that no ceremonies whatsoeuer , no not circumcision , whereof their Doctors so much vaunted themselues , could do any thing to a new creature . Now if Moses his ceremonies , which in their time and place had some authoritie from God were not auaileable hereunto ; then mans traditions , which at no time nor in any place are in season , or credit , in that they neuer were authorised by the Lord , can neither be meanes nor fruites , neither causes nor effects of regeneration . If then the Iewes were deceiued with their ceremonies , as the Papists were by their traditions , what shall we thinke of our traditions ? for , if the Lord would not suffer his owne ordinances , which for their time were lawfull , then hee will neuer suffer traditions , which were neuer his , but mans . What shall we then say ? wee haue pompous Papists , and politike Protestants . Aske the Papists if they reioyce in the crosse of Christ , and if they be new creatures ? they say they be so , and they shew it in their crosses , altars , holidaies , mètallish gods , banners , roodes , resurrrection , in finger crosses , in crosses at their lying downe , in crosses at their rising vp ▪ in their oyle ▪ salt , wafercakes , pannes , ashes , and such like . Heere is their reioycing . Well , suppose wee had to deale with the more learned Papists , the Iewes did not only now reioyce in their ceremonies and circumcision , but they thought it good policie to retaine these things with the preaching of the Gospell , and our more subtill Papists will confesse , that their traditions are not specially and only to be reioyced in , but they will haue them mingled with the Gospell as necessarie helps , and furtherances thereof . But in what order soeuer they are placed , of them Paul here remembreth them to make nothing for a new creature . And as in ciuill matters fooles to auoide one extreame runne into another , some seeing the superstitions of these men , and that popish religion is more ceremonious than the Iewish religion , straight affirme , that neither Baptisme , nor want of Baptisme ; neither receiuing of the Sacrament , nor want of it ; neither hearing , nor not hearing ; praying , nor not praying , is auaileable to a new creature . And these Anabaptists , and hereticall familie of the doctrine of loue so farre reiect holidaies , that they take away the Lords day also ; and as vnder the pretence of the Gospell they take away the set dayes of fasting , which were to the Iewes , they reiect fasting altogether , and wholy relinquish that exercise , vnlesse they maintaine a Sabbath in resting from sinne , and continue the fasting in fasting from sinne . Thus we see how we sayle betweene two rocks , and betweene two flats , and therefore neede the sterne of God his spirit and gouernment of the word to sayle aright . Wee must not thinke that the Apostle in speaking of a new creature excludeth , but rather includeth the meanes to come to this new creature . For both our Sauiour Christ , and the Apostles teach as well by practise as by precept , that we must heare the word , offer vp our prayers , receiue the sacraments , & reuerence true discipline . First , our Sauiour Christ exhorteth vs to search the Scriptures , which testifie of him , and commandeth them that haue eares to heare , speaking most sharply euen against them that heare not fruitefully . Paul 1. Thess. 5. forewarneth vs not to quench the Spirit , nor to despise prophecying . And 1. Pet. 2. 2. the Apostle exhorteth the Iewes as newe borne babes to desire the sincere milke of the word . As for prayer besides that our Sauiour Christ did commend the vse of it to his disciples , he also prescribed them and vs a forme of prayer , whereby we might leuell our requests . And Paul often stirreth vp the Churches , vnto whom he wrote , continually to frequent this exercise . Of the Sacraments the Apostle speaketh plentifully , 2. Corinth . 10. 2. Cor. 11. 2. Cor. 15. as also of discipline ; 1. Cor. 4. 2. Cor. 5. 2. Cor. 10. And although the Apostles abrogated the Iewish Sabbath , yet they substituted the Lords day , Act. 20. 1. Corinth , 16 ▪ Reuel . 2. And albeit we haue not a prescript time of fasting , as had the Iewes , yet we know Christ told his disciples , that there was a time to fast in , as then the Bridegroome should be taken from them , & the Apostles in their election and instituting of Preachers fasted . So that we affirme nothing to helpe to true ioy but a new creature , and the meanes to a new creature . It remaineth : And as many as walke according to this rule , peace shall be vpon them and mercie , and vpon the Israel of God. That the Apostle might shew , that this was no speciall prerogatiue to himselfe alone , but a benefit common to all , not a worke of supererogation in him , but a dutie required of others , he saith , As many ▪ &c. As if he should say , Let no man looke to haue peace in his conscience , and mercie at the hands of God , vnlesse he can thus reioyce in the crosse of Christ. And by the way obserue this marke of a faithfull Teacher , he la●eth not any charge vpon others , vntill he had applied it to himselfe , and from his owne practise he aduiseth vs. The word which he here vseth , is a rule , whereby he noteth such a thing , as a Christian man cannot well want , being a chiefe instrument , which worketh in vs mortification and sanctification . He termeth it not a good counsell , or a good aduice , which we may take vp and lay downe at our pleasure , which if we could doe , it were well , if we doe it not , it is no great matter , as the Papists account of the spirituall interpretation of the Law , which our Sauiour Christ vseth , Matth. 5. For Poperie , which is no better than countrie Diuinitie , thinketh it were a good thing if we could liue so carefully : but it shaketh off this thing as a charge , and wil not acknowledge it to be a rule , wherewith they stand bound before the Lord. A rule , we know , is commonly vsed in building , leuelling , or framing , whereby one thing is made fit for another , and therefore vsuall to Carpenters , Masons , Geometers , or such , who measure all things by square and compasse . Now because there is a glorious building in the word , and a man needeth continually to be built vp in Iesus Christ , to haue his affections leuelled , his heart framed to faith and obedience , the Apostle borroweth this word rule . But what is this rule ? Be it farre from me , that I should reioyce , &c. So that we must especially reioyce in our sinnes pardoned , in the world crucified , in our hearts , bodies , and soules renewed . This is the rule of all . And why ? Is it not rather an effect than a rule ? Yes , but it is vsuall to put the name of the effect for the cause , and the fruite for the meanes : as we may see Iam. 1. 27 Pure religion and vndefiled before God is to visit the fatherlesse : that ●s , the effect and fruite of true religion , which God requireth with the hearing of his word , is to visit the fatherlesse . And Esai . 58. 6. Is not this the fasting that I haue chosen , to loose the bands of wickednes , &c. That is , is not this the fruite of fasting , which I haue chosen ? And so likewise is it meant of the Sabbath in the same place , the fruite and effect whereof is to rest from sinne . But why then doth the holy Ghost rather name the effect thā the meanes , the fruit thā the cause ? Euen because though we haue the meanes , and doe not vse them to effect , it were altogether vnprofitable , as we see many carnall professors , who rest too long in the meanes , but make no conscience to shew the effect of them . What then ? Shall we so rest in the effects , as with the Heretikes of our time we should contemne the meanes ? Shall we not eate and drinke , because we liue not by bread onely , but by euery word that proceedeth out of the word of God ? Shall we not build , because vnlesse the Lord helpeth , the builder buildeth but in vaine ? Nay , as we confesse , that the meanes without the effect are vnprofitable : so we affirme , that to come to the effect we must carefully vse the meanes . Wherfore because the cause not producing it effect is nothing worth , the effect is rather set down than the cause . Let not a man separate those things , which God hath ioyned together . If we rest in our Sacraments , as the Iewes in their Circumcision , we shall neuer see the fruite of them . If we keepe the Sabbath , if we vse fasting , vntill our bodies be made most lithe , and labour not to become a new creature , all is in vaine , we separate those things which God hath ioyned together , that is , the fruite from the meanes . Againe , if on the other side we thinke now we must obey and not heare the word , if it be all that God requireth to doe good , and not to pray , or that we can beleeue enough without the help of the sacraments , we deceiue our selues with a false imagination of righteousnes , and we make as great diuorcement on the other side of the meanes from the effect , as before we make a separation of the effect from the meanes . Aske now the Papists what is their rule , and they will shew many meanes , as the rule of Heremites , of Dominican Friers , of their Franciscan Monks , of their Augustine Friers , and such like . Demaund of them what rules they haue of their effects ; they will say , they are come out of the world to liue in monkerie , they haue their shauings , pilgrimages , whipping of their owne bodies , voluntarie and monasticall vowes , traditions , and such like . But come to the other rabble , who are worse than the beasts of Egypt , forsaking the sweete land of Canaan , and they will denie all meanes , and brag they neuer so much of effects , yet in pure effects they be most barren hypocrites . If they were as wise as Salomon , or as holy as Dauid , or as zealous as Paul , yet they might frequent the Temple , and thinke it a blessing to be in Sion , and reioyce in the companie of Christians . But to leaue these , let vs learne as much as we cast off the traditions of the Pharisies , so much to put on the sweete yoke of Christ , and let vs carefully vse the word , and with the word ioyne prayer , and to prayer adde practise , vsing the sacraments , and by them grow in faith , that by faith we may increase in repentance , and with the cause marrying the effect , and from the fruite neuer diuorce the meanes , because God is neither pleased with our fruitlesse ceremonies , if we rest in the meanes , neither with our holy hypocrisie , if we refuse his ordinance . This rule the Apostle saith , is both for the preachers , and for the people : for preachers , because he opposed this rule against the rule of certaine false teachers : for the people , in that he nameth them here the Israel of God. By this word peace , he meaneth the fauour of God , or the good successe in our enterprises : by mercie , he vnderstandeth the goodnes of God in pardoning our sinnes , and relieuing of our infirmities . First , it is probable , that he speaketh of these things to Teachers as well to discourage the false teachers , as to embolden the pure Preachers of the Gospell against all the glorious assaults of their aduersaries . Againe , because the preachers of the word haue taken vpon them the guiding and gouernment of the people as well in life as in doctrine , and in good example to goe in and out before them , he preuenteth the subtiltie of Sathan , who might by the euill slanders of the false Apostles mooue these men to some remission in their calling . And to put away this temptation , the Apostle Paul putteth them in minde of this rule , and propounding here a promise , he encourageth them , notwithstanding their persecutions , against all attempts of men , and assureth them of God his mercifull protection . This promise of the fauour of God to his faithfull Ministers is not only in this place , but vsed elsewhere of the holy Ghost , as Deuter. 33. 11. Moses the man of God blessing the tribes of Israell , saith thus of Leui the Priest of the Lord , Blesse ô Lord his substance , and accept the worke of his hands : smite thorough the loines of them that rise against him , and of them that hate him , that they rise not againe . Thus he comforteth Leui , shewing that his ministerie should not be contemned without reuengement . And Zachary . 3. 1. 2. it is said , And he shewed me Iehoshua the hie Priest , standing before the Angell of the Lord , and Sathan standing at his right hand to resist him , and the Lord said vnto Sathan , the Lord reproue thee , ô Sathan , euen the Lord that hath chosen Ierusalem reproue thee . Where we see , that where God his true Ministers are , there is a strife with Satan , who is readie for them , but yet they are before the Angell , that is , Christ , who will smite the proud force of Sathan , that he shall not be able to withstand vs. And Christ sheweth , that he hath a common ministerie in and with his preaching , by them beseeching some , by them also threatning others : and therefore as he hath giuen them gifts for his glory , so he is armed with power to confound all that lift vp an high hand against them . Hereupon he so much authoriseth his Apostles , telling them , whatsoeuer they bind on earth , shall be bound in heauen , and whatsoeuer they loose on earth shall be loosed in heauen . Neither doth this or such like promises only concerne them , which in euery point of doctrine and discipline are sound , and without error , but euen them also , who holding carefully the foundation , which is Christ Iesus , through some infirmitie of iudgement build timber , hay , or stuble , as wee may see 1. Cor. 3. Wherefore , if a man preach that we are all condemned through sinne , and that there is no saluation without Christ , and no condemnation to them that beleeue in Christ , and teacheth that we must be crucified to the world , and become new creatures , though he doth not all other things perfitly and absolutely , yet keeping this foundation , hee shall finde mercie . But if a man destroy the Temple of God , that is , labour more about the establishing of ceremonies , and maintaining of errours , than hee doth to maintaine and establish the power of the Gospell , the Lord will surely destroy him . As then we dare not say , that a man purely preaching Christ crucified , though he faile in some smaller points of discipline , shall be damned : so we affirme , that a man maintaining corruptions , and nothing labouring to preach the crosse of Christ , and neglecting the doctrine of being crucified to the world , and of becomming a new creature , is to feare , least that if hee repent not , the Lord destroy him . For if they destroy the Temple of God , that is , the people of God by not teaching the truth , and by keeping out from entring into the truth , not only themselues , but others , the Lord will vndoubtedly destroy such . This place maketh much also for our comfort against heresie and poperie , because as God promiseth peace and mercie to them that preach and embrace the doctrine of our saluation by Christ ; so hee threatneth on the contrarie his curse and vengeance both to the preachers and followers of the contrarie doctrine , howsoeuer they hope for a day , or cōtemne the flocke of Christ. For the same God that made the Israelites a valiant people in pursuing their enemies , so long as they continued in the rule he had appointed them ; brought them low , and made them flie before their enemies , when they forsooke this rule , so as one chased tenne of them , and tenne put to flight an hundred of them . Let vs boldly then both preach and receiue this doctrine of Christ ▪ and not feare any corrupt Teachers whatsoeuer , seeing their supposed felicitie shall be accursed ▪ and our supposed miserie shall be blessed . Which curse manifestly appeareth in many Papists this day , that become rebels , traitors , and murtherers , as also in heretikes , who are become mad and frantick , the Lord watching ouer them for euill and not for good . And vpon the Israel of God. Heere with the Preachers the Apostle ioyneth the people of God , shewing that they that willingly heare , and carefully imbrace the doctrine , That by the law we are condemned for sinne , and by the Gospell wee are saued through faith in Christ , and therfore from henceforth endeuour to haue this world crucified vnto vs , and vs to be crucified to the world , and to become new creatures , shall also be saued , and finde mercie and peace . Israel properly signifieth one that preuaileth with God. Now , because there was Israell in the flesh , which many did boast of , hee heere speaketh of the Israell in the spirit , as he speaketh of the Iewes Rom. 2. and therefore calleth it the Israel of God , making a distinction betweene that counterfeit Israell , resting in the ceremonie and outward title of the name , and that true Israell , whose praise is of God , and not of men . Before the Iewes tooke the whole priuiledge of the couenant of God , but now the Gentiles also are contained in the couenant , because all ceremonies abolished , there is one shepheard , and one sheepesold . This promise then belongeth no more to all professors , than to all preachers , but to them alone which are truly called to be the true Israel of God. Whereby we are to learne , that all Christians shall not obtaine mercie and peace , but the Christians of God , that is true Christians in life & doctrine . Wherefore all counterfeit Christians are to feare their estate , can they neuer so well say their catechisme , were they neuer so well baptized , or confirmed , were they neuer so often comming to the Church to heare the word & receiue the sacrament . Now if Israel the beloued of God not reioicing in the crosse of Christ , not being crucified to the world , not being a newe creature , shall not finde mercie and peace , what comfort are wee to looke for being Gentiles wanting the same things ? And yet we must remember the consolation aboue named , that though Christians be in some points infants in doctrine , iudgement , life , and conuersation , yet if they carefully hold the foundation and build thereupon a godlie life in trueth and sinceritie , though in some weakenes , infirmitie and imperfection , they shall obtaine mercie and peace in the ende . The truth of this promise , and sure wrath of God on the wicked may appeare to vs both in the life and in the death of the true and counterfeit Christians , in seeing what mercy and peace appeareth in the one , what anguish and impatience breaketh foorth in the other . The deare Martyrs of God neither were afraid of death on the one side , but reioyced , in that they were made worthie to suffer for the truth , neither senselesse and blockish as feeling no paine on the other side . The learned heretikes which would seeme to suffer , either yeelded being ouercome with the paine , or else died like stocks & stones , being halfe dead before they came to be executed . As for others that haue died in their beds , the Lord hath giuen a manifest distinction betweene the true prophets & false teachers , betweene christian professors , and obstinate Papists . The children of God euer haue laboured to make confession of their faith , to make knowne their hope , to witnesse their abundant ioy at their departure , neither ouercome with immoderate feare , neither sincking downe in too much blockishnes : the other haue died some desperately without hope , some presumptuously without true faith , some murmuringly without all ioy . FINIS . THE FOVRTH PART OF THE WORKES OF THE REVEREND AND FAITHFVL SERVANT OF IESVS CHRIST , MAISTER RICHARD GREENHAM , MINISTER AND PREACHER OF the Word of GOD , containing an Exposition of the 119. Psalme , found vnperfect amongst other writings of Maister GREENHAMS , and perfected by Robert Hill , Doctor in Diuinitie : whose obseruations may be knowne by this marke . ¶ VVHEREVNTO ARE ADIOYNED OTHER Meditations vpon certaine parts of the Scripture . the Titles whereof appeare in the next page following . VERITAS VIRESSIT VVLNERE TC printer's or publisher's device AT LONDON , Imprinted by Thomas Creede , for William Welbie , and are to be solde at his shoppe in Paules Church-yard at the signe of the Swanne . 1611. THE MEDITATIONS CONTAINED IN THE FOVRTH part , are these hereafter following . 1 AN exposition of the 119. PSALME . 2 Meditations on PROV . 4. from verse 13. to 24. 3 Meditations on PROV . 14. vers . 5. 6. 7. 4 The summe of the Epistle to the HEBRVES . 5 A briefe summe of ECCLESIASTES . TO THE RIGHT HONOVRABLE , IOHN , LORDE . STANHOP , BARON OF HARINGTON , VICECHAMberlaine to the Kings most excellent Maiestie , and one of his Honorable priuie Councell , Grace and Peace . RIght Honourable , Though Diuinitie as an Hand-maide , attende all other callings , ( and by reason of her pouertie serues manie Masters ) yet if shee were esteemed according to her worth , shee were worthie to become a Mistresse to the most . Her Conception is Celestiall , her Birth , in Paradise , her education in Canaan , her foode Mannah , her habite righteousnes , her Armes , the Lambe , her children Saintes , her kinred Angels , her habitation vpon Earth , is the Church militant , and in Heauen the Church triumphant . This poore Ladie hath euer yet liued by milke , which being drawne out of the two dugs of the Olde and Newe Testament , is called the syncere milke of the word of God : after which all her true children doe thirst , as after that foode which must nourish their soules . This Worde it was decreed by God the Father , preached by God the Sonne , inspired by God the holie Ghost , and by Angels , Prophets , Apostles , and Euangelists successiuely made knowne to the children of the Church . The Church of the Iewes knew it onely for a time , there he thewed his wayes vnto Iaakob , his statutes and ordinances vnto Israel . The Church of the Gentiles shall know it for euer : he dealeth now graciously with euery Nation , and the Heathen haue knowledge of his Lawes . True it is indeede , the Iewes haue the Bible , but by reason of that curtaine drawne before their eyes , they cannot see him , who is the ende of the Bible , there is a great diference betweene them and vs. They ( as Hierome saith ) haue the bookes , wee the worde of those bookes : they the Prophets , wee the vnderstanding of the Prophets : they are killed by the Letter , we are quickened by the Spirite : They haue Barrabas the murtherer deliuered : to vs is deliuered CHRIST the Sonne of God. Iudas solde him , the Iewe bought him , the true Christian is the possessor of him , whom he findeth in this Word , feeleth in the Sacraments , and feedeth on in his heart by a liuely Faith. The antiquitie , necessitie , dignitie , and commoditie of Helie writte , if it were truely thought of as it should , would breede a greater loue to the reading of it , desire to the knowledge of it , and care to the practising of it , then is now a dayes in the most of the worlde . For Antiquitie , it is in part as ancient as the first Adam , and in whole , as olde as the second , in whome all the Promises contained in this booke are , Yea , and Amen . For necessitie , as needfull as the true knowledge of God , whome to knowe is eternall life . For dignitie , so greas that it alone must be called the Law of God , yea , that law then which no man can shewe a better to serue God by , or by which hee may better knowe his dutie to man. Compare wee this our Christian lawe with those of Lycurgus , Draco , Solon , Zaleucus , Numa Pompilius , Romane twelue tables themselues , which Cicero preferreth aboue all the bookes of Philosophers , and the difference will bee as great as the light of the Sunne , to a candle , the Cedar to the shrub , and the little Ant to the great Elephant . ●●●●● Augustine considering but one sentence of this booke , writeth thus : What disputations , what writings of Philosophers , what lawes of any Cities , are to bee compared to these two Precepts vpon which ( as CHRIST saith ) depend the Law and the Prophets ; Thou shalt loue the Lord thy God , with all thine heart , with all thy soule , and with all thy strength , and thy Neighbour as thy selfe ? Heere are Physiques , here are Ethiques , here is Logique ; here is the la●da●l● gouernement of the Common-wealth , &c. Againe , would we knowe the commoditie of the Word of God , Psalme , 19. 7 &c. Dauid saith , the Law of the Lord is perfect , conuerting the soule , the Testimonie of the Lord is sure , and giueth wisedome to the simple the Precept of the Lord is pure and enlighteneth the eyes . The feare of the Lord is cleane , and endureth for euer : the iudgements of the Lorde are true , and righteous altogether . They are more to bee desired then golde , yea , then much fine golde : Sweeter are they then the honie & the honie combe . By them also is thy seruant made circumspect , & in keeping of them is great reward . 2. Tim. 3 ▪ Paul saith the Scriptures make wise to saluation , & are profitable to teach , to reproue , to correct , & instruct , and to make the man of God , ( that is Gods minister , who only in the Scripture is termed a man of God ) perfect to euery good work . And surely if men now a dayes could lay aside curiosity in searching after things not meet , affection in louing and hating men too much , ambition in seeking their owne glorie , selfe-loue , in liking their owne opinions best , pertinacie in maintaining preconceited errors , and in a worde , preiudicate opinions of some mens gifts , and a popular following of most mens conceipts , and that bitter calumniation , which is vsed one against another ; if men ( I say ) could lay aside these , and onely hearken what God doth say in his Worde , there would bee an ende of many Controuersies , which till then will neuer be without controuersie . The Prophet that hath a dreame , will tell a dreame : he that hath Gods word , will speake Gods word , Ierem. 23. If once wee reiect the word of the Lorde , what wisedome is in vs ? I●●● 8. 9. I had rather heare what God saith by his Prophets and Apostles , then what all the Fathers , and Schoolemen , and Doctors , and Casuists in the world can say : though also I will be content to hearken vnto them , when they also should hearken vnto the Lord. It is well obserued by Erasmus in his prefuce before Ireneus , that that holy father did onely with the weapons of the Scriptures encounter with the whole troupe of heretickes . The sung of Dauid against Goliah ▪ the sword of Goliah against the Philistines are not comparable to these weapons . The word of the Lord it is the sword of the spirit , wee must fight with it : the light of the soule , see by it : the guide of our life , walke by it : the fire of the Sanctuary , be warmed by it : the water of life be purged by it : the food of heauen , be nourished by it ▪ the interpreter of Gods will , we must know him by it : the meanes of consolation be comforted by it : and that mallet to knocke out the braines of Antichrist ▪ we must euer haue it in our hands : If euer the Perdition●●e ●●e ouercome , it must be by this meanes . To the reading of this word , the Fathers , especially Chrysostome , in many places exhorteth the people ; and Erasmus in his preface to the new Testament , protesting his dissent from such as would not haue priuate persons to reade the Bible , saith , that the Sunne in the firmament is not so commō as the Doctrine of Christ. No man euer hated this light , but either he that wanted yes to behold it , or feared the light to discouer his workes of darkenes . O then let vs reade this , and to reading adde meditation , to meditation prayer , to prayer humilitie , to humilitie an ayming at Gods glorie and our good , and to all a desire to turne Gods word into good workes . This euery word of God is pure ▪ and is to be preferred before the golde of Ophir . And to the ende wee might all delight in it , there is set downe in the Bible all such varietie of learning as may giue content to each seuerall Reader ; Histories for the Temporist , Philosophie for the Naturalist , Ethiques for the Moralist , Mysteries for the Artist , and languages for the Linguist . Heere is a Flood for the great Elephant to swimme in , and ● ▪ Foorde for the little lambe to walke in . Would wee be acquainted with the vanitie of the worlde ? what better meanes haue wee then the booke of the Preacher ? would wee know how to liue in the worlde ? whence better can we haue it , then from the booke of the Prouerbes ? and if we would powre out prayers to God , Dauid in his Psalmes hath a platforme of praying , which one little booke is the Epitome of the Bible . Caluin calls it the Anatomie of the soule : Another , the prayer-booke of the Church : Athanasius the definition of humane life : Basil the prediction of things to come : Nazianzene the sweete Companion of life : Augustine the common Treasurie of all good things : Ambrose the Medicine of Mans salutation : Chrysostome a Salue against euery sore : Gregorie that Stone which killed Goliah : And Bernard saith , that whosoeuer faithfully and deuoutly doth sing the Psalmes , in a sort is in association with the Angels : without which deuotion , ( what Quirister soeuer ) shall sing them in the Church , I may say vnto him as Augustine once saide to the singing men of his time , Plus placet Deo mugitus Boum , latratus Canum , grunnitus porcorum , hinnitus Equorum ▪ quàm cantus Clericorum luxuriantium : The bellowing of oxen , the barking of dogs ▪ the g●unting of swine , and the ●eying of horses , doe more please God then the singing of luxurious Quiristers . Now though euery Psalme be of speciall Obseruation ; yet this one is especially remarkeable . It was penned by King Dauid , that sweete singer of Israel , it hath in euery verse a commendation of the word of God , it is artificially written , euery eight verses beginning in the Hebrue tongue , with one Letter of the Hebrue Alphabet : and the longest Meditation that euer Dauid had , either concerning Gods word or workes , it seemeth hee had it when he penned this Psalme ▪ which the Iewes vsed as a Catechisme for their children To the ende this Psalme might bee vnderstood of all ▪ it hath beene expounded by many worthie men , especially by that worthie man of God , M. Richard Greenham , memorable in our Church . It is pittie that all his meditations on this Psalme come not yet to light , but that in former editions about fortie verses were left vnexpounded . Now that godly man who hath the sale of his workes , was very desirous that there might bee an Exposition vpon euery verse , and to that purpose hath employed mee . And I finding the foure first verses expounded by a worthie Elisha , vpon whom the spirite of this Eliah doth rest , was bolde to set downe the same as I found it : the rest I haue finished according to the grace giuen vnto mee , and thus offer them to the Church of God. I remember that an ancient Father saith , Iudicem aditurus ▪ patr●num quaere , Must you appeare before the Iudge , seeke a Patron . I am now to appeare before as many Iudges as Readers , I desire a Patron : and I finde none fitter then your Honor , who hauing for manie yeares post beene a bountifull Patron to my labours in the Church , will ( I doubt not ) vouchsafe to become a Patron of these labours for the Church . If euer wee must looke for a blessing from Counsellors , it is then when they consult with the Lord , and are not ashamed of the Gospell of Christ. Among manie such Honorable Senators in our Kingdome , we haue good cause to number your Honor. What Sabbath is there , which you passe ouer without the morning and euening sacrifice ? what Minister is there who preacheth before you , whome you sende away without a blessing ? what moneth is there , in which you once are not a Communicāt at the Eucharist ? what day is there , that passeth ouer your head , in which you vse not both prayer and meditation ? You were once gracious in the eyes of that Queene , then whome the Church neuer had a more nourcing mother : you are nowe gracious in the eyes of that King , then whom the Church will neuer haue a more nourcing Father : & in this honorable Parish wherein you liue , what good you do by your owne example , in frequenting Gods house , your liberalitie & bountie in maintaining Gods Saints , & your care , that your familie may be the Church of God , I had rather be silent , then say little . Your old age is a crowne of glorie , being thus found in the generation of the righteous . The consideration of your honorable respect to pietie and godlines , hath made me a long time to honour you in mine heart , and the consideration of your ▪ fauour to mee a poore preacher , emboldeneth mee to publish these my labours vnder your Honorable name . If it please you to allow that your name , which I am perswaded is written in the booke of life , may remaine in this liuing and worthie booke , I haue that which I desire by this Dedication . Thus crauing pardon , I humbly take my leaue , beseeching the Lord to continue you long , a trustie Counsellor to our most gracious King : your Honourable Ladie , the Ladie Margaret , a precious Iewell vpon your right hand : and your hopefull and happie Children , as Oliue plants rounde about your Table . London : From Salisburie Rents , at S. Martins in the fieldes . Nouember the first . 1611. At your Honors seruice , Robert Hill. WHOSOEVER IS DESIROVS TO LEARNE AND REMEMber the Word of God , that he might liue after it , let him consider of that which is written in the 119. Psalme . ALEPH. THE FIRST PORTION . ¶ Verse I. Blessed are those that are vpright in their way , and walke in the Lawes of the Lord. THat which all men seeke for and few finde , the same is set out in the word of God , namely felicitie and true happines . And because God would haue all men to know , wherein their blessed estate doth consist , therefore Christ begins his first Sermon with it Math. 5. Dauid his first Psalme with it , Psal. 1. And the Prophet in this place his first verse with it , describing therein a blessed man. A description opposite to all that vaine felicitie , which euer vaine Philosophers deuised out of their deepe speculations : or prophane men frame out of their corrupt affections : not consisting in pleasures , riches , honors , greatnes , in ciuill honestie , formall hypocrisie : or the whole possibilitie of nature , but in the sinceritie of the heart , and continuall walking in the waies of God. Salomon saw this , and therefore after he had sought happines in all things of this life , he willeth vs to heare the end of all , namely , to feare God and keepe his commandements , for thus saith hee , this is the whole man. If this ( saith one ) be the whole man , then without this man is no man ; no though hee wallowe in wealth , swimme in pleasures , and be carried alofte vpon the wings of Honor . For first all these , ( though they were all in the possession of some one man ) cannot possiblie fill the vnlimited desire of the soule . So vnquenchable is the thirst of mans soule , vntill it bathe it selfe in the riuer of life , and in the vnmeasurable Ocean of goodnes and wisedome . Secondly , they cannot secure the conscience distressed with the apprehension of the wrath of God , or preuent his iudgements , as wee may see in Nebucadnezzar : Dan. 4. and his sonne Belshazzar : Dan. 5. vers . 6. and Prophecied of Zeph : 1. 17. 18. Ezech : 7. 19. Obad : 4. When our sinnes are ripe , and readie to take the flame of Gods fierie indignation , then neither the wedge of golde , nor the height of place can priuiledge or protect vs. Lastly , they cannot stretch themselues to eternitie : they all can bring vs no further then our death bed : then are they vtterly disappointed of their weake & imaginarie sweetnes , and are wholly turned into wounds and wormewood , into gall and vexation . They leaue indeed a sting in the conscience that neuer dies ; but themselues die all at our deaths , and lie downe with vs in the graue , Iob : 20. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9 10. , &c. But to come to the blessed man indeede ; in that when the Prophet would make knowne vnto all the world , who are in the happiest estate , and in the highest place of account with God , he describeth & setteth them forth by this property : that they are sincere in heart , and vpright in life and conuersation ; in a word , such as truely feare the Lord. The point hence to be noted in generall , is this , that Grace and Religion is the way to all blessednesse . This doctrine the Psalmist confirmeth vnto vs in sundry other places , as Psalme . 1. and 112. &c. In the former whereof he declareth , who is a man truely religious , to wit , he that escheweth ill counsels , and sinfull practises , and on the other side , embraceth and delighteth in goodnesse and godlinesse , and in the meanes of obtaining and increasing the same : and then he pronounceth such a man blessed : Blessed ( saith he ) is the man that doth ●ct walke in the counsell of the wicked , nor stand in the way of sinners , &c. But his delight is in the law of the Lord , and in his law will he meditate day and night . And to the same effect is that in the other Psalme before named : Blessed is the man that feareth the Lord , and delighteth greatly in his commandements , &c. Throughout which Psalme , we may obserue as the true and certaine notes of a righteous man , so also his priuiledges , which are very many , and very great , both in regard of himselfe , and of his posteritie , which shall speed the better for his sake . Notable likewise is that place of Deuteromonie , where the Lord speaketh vnto his Church in this manner . Blessed art thou ô Israel who is like any ● thee , ô people saued by the Lord , the shield of thy helpe , and the sword of thy glorie ? which speech is not to be vnderstood , as pertaining only to that nation , but as belonging to all that are the ●●ue Israel of God , and that serue him with an vpright and faithfull heart . Now what saith he of them ? Who is like vnto thee , O Israel ? Why , if they should haue looked to outward things , they might haue answered , the Egyptians , the Edomites , Assyrians , nay the very Canaauites themselues are like vnto vs , yea farre beyond vs : for at that time when this was spoken , they were in the wildernesse , trauelling towards the promised land : and what great matters had they then ? Moses who was the best of them , had not a house to rest his head in : none of them could say : this is my ground , there is my corne , thus large are my reuenews by the yeare , &c. but they were all tenants at will at a daies , or at an houres warning , or lesse , euen as Gods pleasure was : yet the Lord maketh a challenge against all the world : Who is like vnto thee ô people saued by the Lord ? meaning indeed , that no nation vnder heauen was comparable vnto them in regard of the wonderfull things that God had wrought for them , and in regard of those heauenly prerogatiues which he had vouchsafed vnto them : the meanest hewer of wood , or drawer of water , amongst them , was to be preferred before the mightiest Monarch in the world : and that may be said of all true Christians , which was spoken of them : Who is like vnto thee O people saued by the Lord ? The truth of this will more euidently appeare , if we well weigh the things that follow : Namely , 1. What miserie grace doth free vs from . 2. What good things it maketh vs to enjoy , 1. In this life . 1. Estimation . 2. Safetie . 3. Comfort . 2. In the life to come , all manner of happinesse . 1. First therefore that wee may see what miserie it frees vs from , wee must consider , that men naturally are the children of wrath vnder the curse and malediction of God , subiect to horrible vexations and terrors : all their life long , they liue in feare of death , and of such iudgements as are forerunners of death : their table is a snare , and their prosperitie their ruine : their aduersitie is imbittered , and their callings accursed , and in a word , nothing maketh them better , but euery thing a great deale worse ; all being infected and poysoned vnto them by their owne sinnes , and Gods fearefull vengeance vpon the same . If they liue , it is to the increase of their damnation : if they die , they goe to take present possession of destruction : if they refuse to eate and drinke , they are murderers of themselues : if they doe eate and drinke , they are vsurpers of that which is none of their owne . If they come not to the Word , and Sacrament , they are contemners of Gods ordinances : if they doe come , they are profaners of the same , and so shal be further hardened to their finall perdition : and is not this a wretched case ? Though for their apparell , they were cloathed as Salomon in the midst of his royalty : though their Robes were as rich as was Aarons Ephod , or breast-plate , or the most costliest parts of his garments , all were of no worth without grace : though they fed on the daintiest dishes , and did eate Angels foode ( as the Israelites are saide to doe ) yet if they be sinfull and rebellious , they shall perish as Corah , Dathan , and Akiron , and manie other of them did . Though their habitations were as sumptuous & delightfull as Paradice was , yet they could haue no more comfort therein , then Adam had , when he had once broken the commaundement of GOD , in eating of the forbidden fruite : Notwithstanding , all things remaining in their excellencie as before , yet hee was surprized with the terrours and feares of a guiltie conscience , and could take no pleasure in the goodly riuers , in the pleasant fruites , in the varietie of all the creatures that were in the garden of Eden , &c. but hee was faine to flie from Gods presence , and to hide himselfe among the Trees of the garden . And last of all , though their dignitie were neuer so great , their possessions neuer so ample and large , and their substance neuer so plentifull and aboundant , yet they could haue no more comfort in ante , or all these things , then Belshazzar that impious King had : who for all his valiant Captaines and Souldiers , for all his great cheare and plentie of wine : for all his iollitie and triumphing ouer Gods people : for all his merry companions that he had about him , and all the meanes that he had to comfort him ; yet was hee in such horrour , when hee saw on the wall the Hand-writing against him , that his countenance was chaunged , and his thoughts troubled him , and the ioynts of his Loynes were loosed , and his knees smote one against an other . This ( and much more lamentable then can possibly be expressed ) is the case of all vnregenerate men : And how great then must the excellencie of Grace needs bee , which freeth a man from this wofull estate and condition ? Yet this is not all , but as it freeth men from this miserie , So 2. Secondly , it bringeth men to the enioyment of all good things ; and that first in this life it procureth them the benefites following : Namely , 1. First , a good estimation : So that it may be well said , that the righteous is more excellent then his Neighbour ; and that of all other , they are the most glorious people , that haue the spirit of Grace and of glorie dwelling in their hearts . For they are precious in Gods sight , as beeing his chiefe Treasure : precious in the eyes of his people : precious in the account of the Angels : yea , reuerent in the sight of the very wicked , who esteeme them to be honest men , & dare trust them before any other , many times with their goods , with their children , and their portions ▪ yea , and with their soules also . For when they are in any extremitie , lying vpon their death-beds , or the like , oh then they crie out ! Send for such a Preacher : send for this or that good man or woman : now their praiers and their speeches might doe me good , which heretofore I haue reiected , or lightly esteemed : and then none is to bee compared to them , none to be sought vnto in respect of them . And when they labour to disgrace and vilifie them , by terming them Dissemblers and Hypocrites , euē then against their wils , they highlie commend them ; for it is in effect , as if they should say : These men pretend they haue manie vertues in them , but I would not haue men thinke , that they are so good and godly , as they seeme to bee : If they bee , then they must needs be an excellent people indeed ; ( for there is none that hath any ciuilitie in him , but hee will acknowledge that it is a good thing to heare , and reade , and conferre , and to spende much time in prayer , as Gods seruants doe ; but they crie out , that they doe not these things well , nor with a good heart . ) Now , if Christians consciences doe beare them witnesse , that they doe performe these duties in vprightnesse , then they haue the testimonie of vngodlie men themselues on their sides : and till they can disproue the soundnesse of their hearts , they must , whether they will or not , iustifie their behauiour . Thus we see how godlinesse winneth a good estimation . Now secondly , it doth also bring safetie with it : it setteth men out of gun-shot , so that neither the Diuell , nor all the powers of hell can annoy ▪ or hurt them : nor any , or all of the diuels instruments in the world preuaile against them , for their ouerthrow : for the Lorde is euermore a shield and buckler vnto them , so that they must strike through him , before they can come at them . Hee will couer them vnder his wings , and they shall bee safe vnder his feathers , Psame 91. 4. Thirdly , the vertue and power of grace is such , that it maketh Gods children to reioyce , euen in affliction , as was verified in Dauid , who when hee had many malicious aduersaries against him , and many troubles beset him round about , yet hee had more ioy of heart then they had , when their wheat & their wine did abound And so it is with all Gods setuants : as their sufferings are manie , so are they refreshed with manifold consolations . And when outward matters of reioycing are furthest remooued from them , then are they driuen neerer vnto God , the fountaine of all true comfort , and by that meanes their hearts are exceedingly reuiued . And if they bee so much cheered in the times of their greatest aduersitie , how much more ioyfull are they in the dayes of their prosperitie , when hee maketh them to rest in greene pastures , and leadeth them by the still waters : preparing for them a Table in the sight of their aduersaries , annoynting their heads with oyle , and causing their cups to runne-ouer , as the Psalmist speaketh . And they withall , haue a principall care to entertaine Gods blessings with thankfulnesse , and to serue him with a good and thankfull heart , in the vse and enioyments thereof . Now if their estate be so blessed in this life , what shall their happinesse be when they depart out of this life , to haue the fruition of those ioyes , which are prepared for the Saintes , in the kingdome of glorie ? where all teares shall be wiped away from their eyes , and they being altogether freed from sinne and sorrow , shall receiue an immortall Crowne of blessednesse with the Saints and Angels , in Gods owne presence , where is fulnesse of ioy , and at whose right hand are pleasures for euermore ; where there shall be no parting of company , nor possibilitie of any vnkindnes , nor tediousnes in conuersing together . Much more might bee spoken of the excellencie of this estate , and yet when all hath beene saide that can bee , it is nothing in comparison of that which the thing is in itselfe , and wee shall find it to bee , when we shall lay downe this bodie of corruption , and be clothed vpon with perfect glorie . But yet that the dignitie thereof , may somewhat more clearely be seene into , let vs consider a little further of the 1. Price . — thereof . 2. Rarenes , and thereof . 3. Continuance thereof . 1. First , concerning the price that was laide downe for the purchasing of it , it was the greatest that euer was giuen for anie thing ; For there goeth more to the buying of a Christian , then to the making of the worlde ▪ For in the Creation , GOD did but say the Word , and all things were presently formed according to their seuerall kindes : but in the worke of Redemption , God was not onely to say , but to pay also , and that full deerely , euen the bloud of his onely Sonne , which was of an infinite value . And therefore if things are to be esteemed according to that which Wise-men will giue for them , surely the estate of Christianitie must needs be worthie high estimation , sith the wise GOD prouided it for his children , at such an inestimable reckoning . 2. Further in respect of the rarenesse thereof , it is to be accompted very admirable . If things that are very deare were also very common , that would diminish some part of their worth : but as for this , it is both precious and rare . There are but a very few selected ones , that the Lord hath singled out , to bee partakers of the life of Grace , and to be afterwards Heires of the Kingdome of Glorie , which maketh it to bee a gifte of farre greater estimation . 3. Lastlie , if it were both deare and rare , yet if it were to bee enioyed but a while , it were the lesse to bee regarded : Therefore this , addition there is vnto the happinesse of this estate , that it is also durable , yea , Euerlasting . And whereas all worldhe Excellencie , and all Earthly promotions are Temporarie , and vanishing ; So that a man may bee very high this day , and as lowe ere the morrowe , and none can be happy in possessing those things , through the losse whereof , he may so quickly become miserable : it is otherwise with them that are in the state of grace , for that neuer falleth : once a Christian , & euer a Christiā : as the Lords purpos● changeth not , so neither doth our condition change : ●ut if we haue begun in grace , wee shall end in glory , that neuer shall haue ende . Psal. 16 11. Dan. 12. 2. Is it so , that Religion and true piety , is the ready way to the highest aduancement ▪ then hence let vs learne to set our hearts chiefly therevpon , and aboue all the treasures in the world , principally to affect that . We account it good husbandry in the first place , to s●eke after those things that will doe vs most good : if siluer be offered , we will preferre it before brasse , & if gold be offered , we wil take it rather than siluer . Now concerning this heauenly wisedome , it is saide : Receiue mine instruction and not siluer , and knowledge rather then fine gold : For wisedome is better then precious stones , and all treasures are not to b●e compared vnto her . And this should encourage vs rather to vse all industrie for the obtaining of this ble●●ed estate , because it is a thing haue-able . It were in vaine for a base person to sue to be a King , a Duke , or a Lord : none almost is so foolish , as to seeke for such preferments , because they knowe it would bee but lost labour . But there is not the meanest seruant , slaue , or bondman , but may attaine to this spirituall dignitie , which is farre beyond all aduancement that the kingdome of this world can possibly yeeld . He that can pray , heare , meditate , conferre , and iudge himselfe in secret before hee commeth to the Sacrament , and with all good care and conscionable respect vse all Gods ordinances , for the obtaining of faith and other graces , which doe euer accompanie the same , shall bee sure of good and happie successe : for the Lord will bee sound of those that seeke him with a true heart ; therefore let vs not so cast our eyes on earthly commodities , as that in the meane time wee neglect this pearle of price , and this inestimable Iewell , that will so exceedingly enrich vs. The Apostle telleth vs , that those that runne in a race for a prize , though it be but a garland that is set vp , so that they can gaine onely some small credit of their agility and nimblenesse in ou● running one another , yet they will put off all that might clogge and hinder them in their race ; but especially if they should runne for a crowne of gold : neither will they bee so foolish as to stoope downe to take vp euery pinne or point that lieth in the way ; and yet they runne but at an vncertaintie : when they haue done their best , another may carry away both the honour and commodity from them : and certaine it is , that but one alone can winne the prize : and euen hee also , though he haue the applause at one time , may goe away with the disgrace at another , or if his credit doe continue all his life time , yet death will take it away at last . From all which the Apostle would haue vs drawe this conclusion , that if such kinde of persons , notwithstanding all that hath been saide , will so bestirre themselues , and seeke to acquit themselues euery way like men : then much more ought wee to put our selues to it , and with all alacrity runne the race that is set before vs , sith wee runne not at an vncertainty , but are sure to obtaine the crowne ; o●e shall not preuent nor depriue another , but all shall vndoubtedly get that which they doe expect : and especially seeing that withal we striue for an incorruptible crowne , and shal attaine vnto , not a fading and vanishing , but an abiding and euerlasting dignity . O but ( will some say ) if wee bestow our p●●n●s and endeuours so much about spirituall things , in the meane time , wee shall neglect those earthly things that are needfull , and so bring our selues to pouerty . N●y , not so , prouision for our euerlasting estate , doth neuer impaire our present estate : for g 〈…〉 th the promises of this life , and of that which is to come : and thereby shall all matters be blessed vnto vs. Haue we inheritance , wealth , reputation , dignity , &c. This will assure vs that wee haue a good ti●e vnto all , and season and sweeten all , that euery one of them shall bee comfortable and profitable vnto vs , making it cleare vnto our hearts and consciences , that the Lord sendeth them in mercie , as pledges of greater m●●ters that hee mindeth to bestow vpon vs. Haue wee not these outward things ? Godlinesse will make a supply in stead of all : for that is great gaine with contentment , in comparison of which , all the promises of contentednesse that other thinges make vnto vs , will bee found to bee but meere illusions ; because it certifieth our soules that God will prouide sufficiently for vs , which perswasion alone is able to stay the restlesse and vnsetled mindes of the sonnes of men , from pursuing after the vnprofitable , deceitfull , and lying vanities of this present euill world . Seeing religion is such an incomparable treasure , it should instruct vs in the second place to haue the meanes in due estimation , whereby we may be made truly religious , by which our mindes that are blinde , may be inlightned , our hearts of crooked may be made straight , of proude may bee made humble , and of fraudulent may be made true and faithfull . And those meanes are the Word , the Sacrament , Prayer , and the like , which are the steps whereby wee must ascend vnto this honourable estate : for it is as possible for men to make staires to climbe vp vnto the sky , as for vs without these , to ascend vnto heauen , by any deuises of our owne framing . The word is the key that must open hell gates , to set vs at libertie from the bonds of sinne , of Sathan , and of death ; and to vnlocke heauen gates , that wee may haue entrance into glory : in which respect it is , that Christ saith vnto Peter , that hee would giue vnto him ( and consequently to all Ministers of the Gospell ) the keyes of the kingdome of heauen , that is the dispensation of the word , which maketh the way vnto heauen lye open to all such as by faith receiue the same into their hearts . So that wee should not come vnto the meanes with a b●se conceit , or light estimation thereof , but with a large and ample desire and expectation of taking benefit thereby . If men can once espye a way how they may rise in the world , either in great wealth or promotion , they will bee most industrious and laborious in that course , they will refuse no paines in seedes time , though the weather be vnseasonable and cold ▪ and their worke euery way troublesome : but they will put themselues to it with all care and industrie , in hope ( though it be but an vncertaine hope ) of bettering their estate . So those that liue by faires and markets , will not faile one of them ordinarily , neither heate nor colde , winde nor raine , nor any the like impediments shall hinder them from pursuing their commoditie ; and why then should wee bee negligent , and play the sluggards while our seedes ▪ time lasteth , and the Lord biddeth vs plough vp the sallow ground of our hearts , that hee may sow therein the seede of life which will neuer faile to yeelde vs a plentifull haruest , if we can waite vpon him for the same ? And why should we be slacke and carelesse when our chiefe market dayes and faire dayes come , and not rather set our hearts and endeuours to seek after those things , which all that seeke shall finde , and being found will make vs men for euer . This should be an encouragement vnto vs , not to thinke any thing too much , that wee can doe or suffer , in or for the profession of Christianity . Oh , but it is an hard matter ( may some say ) to fast and pray , and mourne , and grieue our hearts , continually for our sinnes land when we haue done all , to be derided and maligned , persecuted and slaine for a good cause● and besides all these , to feele Gods hand scourging vs , sometimes with pouerty and want , some times with feares and terrors : sometimes with temptations and inward conflicts , &c. These thinges seeme very great , and very tedious indeede to fleshe and blood : but in trueth they are but small , yea matters of nothing , if wee consider what is the vse of them , and what will bee the ende of them ; and therefore let vs remember for our comfort when wee are in this straite and difficult and vnpleasant way , that wee are going to be installed into a kingdome : and who is there that being offered a Baronrie , or a Lordship , yea though it be but a Farme , if so bee hee will take the paines to come for it : who is there ( I say ) that would take exception , and say , alasse the aire is clowdy , and the weather vncertaine , nay it beginnes to raine , or haile , or snow already , and therefore I will euen stay at home , and neuer wet my foote for the matter ? Nay if there bee but likelihood of some smaller gaine , and the weather fowle , and the waies deepe , and themselues somewhat out of temper also , yet they will aduenture to goe through all , and rather ferry ouer , than come short of that profit that is offered : how much more then ought we to breake through all impediments , and swallow vp all difficulties with the consideration of this , that our iourny tendeth not to the getting of some small commoditie , or to the purchasing of some worldly possessions , or to the obtaining of any earthly preeminence or preferment whatsoeuer : but that wee are trauelling toward our owne country , where wee shall receiue an inualuable and eternall crowne of glorie ? and albeit wee must passe through many rough and craggy , and thornie wayes , and meete with sundrie things , that will be very irksome and vnpleasant ; yet let vs make account withall , that wee shall finde many sweete comforts , and ioyes vnspeakable , and glorious in the middest of our pilgrimage , and in the ende shall haue the fruition of that happinesse , which will make amends for all . And this was it that made the Apostle Paul so comfortable , in the middest of all his sufferings Therefore we faint not , ( saith he ) but though our outward man perish , yet our inward man is renewed daily . For our light affliction , which is but for a moment , causeth vnto vs a farre most excellent , and an eternall weight of glory . Where we may note , that when he speaketh of the happinesse of another life , hee magnifieth the same exceedingly , both for the worth of it , and for the continuance of it : calling it a farre most excellent , and eternall weight of glory . To bee excellent is much , to be most excellent , is farre more : to bee farre most excellent , is yet an higher degree : but when hee calleth it a farre most excellent , and withall an eternall weight of glory , it maketh a great addition vnto all the former , and sheweth that it is indeed , an inconceiuable and vnutterable happinesse , that in the heauen wee shall enioy : but on the other side , hee counteth his affliction light and momentanie , because it passeth as it were in a thought , and is a thing of nothing , being laid in the balance , against the neuer fading blisse , that wee shall shortly come vnto . And as for that weight that is in the tribulations of this life , it is but as an heauy bagge of golde , that will make the hart of the owner light , in the very carriage of it , and so much the more light , by how much weightier it is . And therefore by all these motiues wee should perswade , yea , euen compell our soules vnto patience vnder the crosse of CHRIST , and to perseuerance in the practise of all the duties of godlines : a patterne of which patience wee haue in the Hebrues . Who after they had receiued the light , endured a great sight in afflictions . Partly ( saith the Apostle ) while yee were made a gazing-stocke , both by reproches and afflictions , and partly while yee became companions vnto them , which were so tossed to and fro . For both yee sorrowed with mee for my bonds , and suffered with ioy the spoyling of your goods . And why ? knowing in your selues that you haue in heauen a better and more enduring substance . If their riches had bene of such value as they made shewe of , and as the world takes them for , they could not haue bene so quickly taken from them ; but sith they had betaken them to their wings , these faithfull ones knewe , that heauen , which was reserued for them in stead thereof , was farre more excellent , and more durable , and therefore full glad were they , that for the cause of God , they had made so happy and so blessed an exchange . Verse 2. Blessed are those that seeke him with their whole heart , &c. THese words hauing bene expounded before , offer vnto vs this doctrine : That whosoeuer would haue sound happinesse , must haue a sound heart . So much sincerity as there is , so much blessednesse there will be : and according to the degree of our hypocrisie , will bee the measure of our miserie . It is not in the action done , or in the wordes spoken , that blessednesse consists , but in the qualitie of them , that all bee done and spoken soundly and sincerely : this is required Psalme 15. that he that will be a member of the Church militant on earth , and of the Church triumphant in heauen , must walke vprightly , and speake the truth from his heart . And againe in another Psalme , a question is made to the same effect , Who shall dwell in the mountaine of the Lord , and who shall stand in his holy place ? and the answere is : Hee that hath innocent hands , and a pure heart , which hath not lift vp his minde to vanitie , nor sworne deceitfully . In which wordes we haue a description of a sound hearted man. 1 By his actions , that he dealeth vprightly , and so hath innocent handes . 2 By his affection , that he lifteth not vp his minde to vanitie , that is , setteth not his heart on any earthly thing : in which sense that phrase is vsed in the originall . Ier. 22. 27. 3 By his speeches , that he hath not sworne , nor any way spoken deceitfully . The reasons to confirme this point , are drawne from the great inconueniences , that will follow on the contrary ; for if there be in any a fraudulent and deceitfull heart . 1 First , there is a deadly quarrell , and mortall enmitie betweene God and him : for who are they that are reconciled to the Lord , whose sinnes are couered by the righteousnesse of his sonne , so that they shall not be imputed vnto them ? euen they In whose spirit there is no guile . And what will follow then for those , whose hearts are full of fraude and deceite , but that they must needs be destitute of all hope of the pardon of their sinnes , and so consequently lye open to the strokes of Gods vengeance due vnto the same ? 2 And as their persons are hatefull to the Lord , so are their seruices abhorred of him : for indeed they are not the seruices of God , but of Sathan , and of their owne flesh : and therefore be they neuer so glorious in outward shew , and let them pretend neuer so much zeale in the performance of them , yet the Lord hath them in vtter detestation : As we may plainly see in the hypocriticall Pharisies , they would be euery where praying with great deuotion : and very often fasting , with great austeritie , and blowing a trumpet to giue notice vnto men of their almesdeeds and liberalitie , and striuing with all their might by externall obseruations , to winne themselues the praise of holy & zealous men : yet for all this , our Sauiour sharpely rebuketh them , saying ; Yee are they which iustifie your selues before men , but God knoweth your hearts , for that which is highly esteemed before men , is an abomination in the sight of God. It is as loathsome vnto him as carions , or toads , or any such creatures as mans nature doth most abhorre , can be vnto vs. Thirdly , this is another miserie of hypocrites , that they liue in continuall feare and danger : there are holes in their maskes , ( at least there will be ) and their double dealing shal be seene into : it shall sometime or other come to light , how they haue abused Gods presence , and dissembled with their brethren , by making faire shewes , and pretences of that which they neuer meant : their sinnes shall not alwaies lie hid , but either they will giue ouer all , in time of persecution , as the stony ground did ; or in hope of promotion , as Iudas , and Achitophel did , and so discouer their false-heartednes : or else it shall be drawne forth by their speeches , in their merriments , or in their distempers ; or else Gods spirit in godly men , shall descrie it , by working in their hearts , a vehement suspition of them , and causing them with a iudicious eye , more narrowly to pry into their workes , and waies . By one such meanes or other , God will lay them open to the view of the world : so that being in such perill , they cannot but haue a fearefull heart , and a restlesse conscience . And to this purpose , notable is that saying of Salomon : He that walketh vprightly , walketh boldly or surely , but he that peruerteth his waies shall be knowne . Whence it is apparant , that the vpright man needeth not to feare any thing , he needeth not to be afraide of ill men : for though they may disgrace him , they cannot shame him : he needeth not to be afraide of good men : for the oftner he speaketh vnto them , and conuerseth with them , the more he is approued by them : neither needeth he to be afraide of God , for he that searcheth the heart and the reines , knoweth and alloweth of the integritie of their soules . They haue no cause of feare for the present , because all things goe well with them : neither is there any for afterwards , because all things shall goe well with them , for they shall neuer fall away from God : None can plucke them out of his hand ; Sathan cannot , because hee that is in vs , is stronger then he that is in the world : sinne cannot , because grace will preuaile against it : the world cannot , because this is our victorie , whereby we ouercome the world , euen our faith . And the Apostle concludeth generally for all other matters , that neither death , nor life , nor Angels , nor principalities , nor powers , nor things present , nor things to come , nor height , nor depth , nor any other creature , shall be able to separate vs from the loue of God , which is in Christ Iesus our Lord. What followeth now on the contrarie part for hypocrites ? but hee that peruerteth his way , that is , alloweth himselfe in any ill course , though neuer so secretly , shall be knowne : that is , his vile and wretched dissembling shall bee detected , if not in this world , yet when the thoughts of all hearts shall bee made manifest : they shall be found out first or last , and therefore they cannot but walke fearefully in their ill courses , wherein they walke and giue libertie vnto themselues . This should make vs exceeding carefull , and warie when wee offer our selues to Gods seruices , to search and dig deepe into our hearts , that we may cast out all the loose earth that is there , and so our building may be on a rocke , and not on the sand . Wee must purge away that leauē of hypocrisie , that hath wholy infected our nature , that so we be not found to halt in our worshipping of God , least he take vs with the manner , as hee did him that came without a wedding garment , whom he singled out from all the guests that were present , and that not only to ignominie & reproch , but to euerlasting punishment and torment in hel fire . It is very dangerous then we see to deale hypocritically with God ; it is not safe with men to pretend and say one thing before their faces , and to speake and doe another behind their backes , because they may peraduenture discerne it : but it is more dangerous to dissemble with God , for he doth certainly discerne it , and will as certainly punish it . Many , when they are reproued , or admonished , will snuffe at it , and say ▪ What need you be so hot in the matter ? I hope you cannot charge me to be either Whore or Theefe . But though man cannot charge you ( which al cannot say ) is that a sufficient discharge for you ? Nay you must looke vnto it , that God find not matter sufficient to conuict you , either of those particulars , or of worse and viler offences . And let none reply , that it is sufficient , that we frequent Sermons , & partake of the Sacrament , and come to prayer in publike , and vse prayer in the family , and performe other duties that Christian men and women should doe , and no more is required at our hands . Yes , God doth require more then this : hee calleth for the heart in all these : though a man be present at neuer so many Sermons , yet if his minde run after his pleasures , or after his couetousnes , so that when his body trauels one way , his affections trauell another way , all his hearing is nothing worth . And so in praier , though there be neuer so many excellent words , apt termes , and goodly sentences , yet if they come from the head and not from the heart , from wit and memory , and not from the inward feeling of the soule , they cannot be accepted . God professeth indeed , that he wil be found of those that seek him : but then they must seek him with their whole heart : that is , truly and feruently : they must not come with a part of their heart : for then they bring no part in Gods account : but with all their heart : for he that giueth him not al , giueth nothing at all ●o for the workes of our calling , if we do not labour therein as Gods seruants , we can expect no wages , we may haue cōmendation from men , but we shall haue ● check and rebuke from the Lord ; mens tongues may magnifie vs , but Gods hand will confound vs. Therefore let vs , when we enter vpon any good way , endeuour with an vpright and true heart to goe forward in the same , otherwise it had beene better neuer to haue entred hereinto . Now that wee may make sure worke in this regard , let vs trye our sinceritie by the good effects that doe euer accompany the same . 1 One note therefore of a sound heart ( which wee should take for our tryall ) is to bee vniuersall in our desires , and in our practise , that wee haue respect to euery commandement of God , to the first table as well as to the second , and to the second as well as to the first : that we bee righteous towards men , as well as religious towards God ; that wee looke to our hearts as well as to our actions , and to our actions as well as to our hearts ▪ Contrary to this rule is the dealing of those that will giue dispensations vnto themselues for many things , so that they can make a shewe of some thing . What if we be not so strict for the Sabbath ? ( thinke they ) yet wee are no swearers nor blasphemers : what if we take a little libertie for vaine sports and idle discourses ? these are but trifles ; wee will not bee adulterers , nor filthie speakers , &c. This is a shrewd signe of an heartfull fraught with guile and deceit : the propertie of a good conscience is to bee willing and desirous in all things to walke honestly . If one bee neuer so strict for the Sabbath , if hee will helpe himselfe by a lye now and then , for his commoditie , or for his credit sake : and if a man be neuer so rigorous and seuere for matters of iustice , and yet will steale time from the Lord vpon his day , and spend the same in his owne businesses and affaires , whether secretly or openly : and so for any other thing , if we make bold to borrow a little law of God ; this is an argument of a false and dissembling heart : and therefore this must bee taken heede of , as being very dangerous . A second marke is to haue a continuall increase in godlines : neither to waxe worse , nor to stand at a stay , but still to striue to grow better and better , as the Apostle Paul testifieth that he himselfe did : I forget that which is behind , and endeuour my selfe to that which is before : and follow hard toward the marke , to the prize of the high calling of God in Christ Iesus . And hauing shewed what he did himselfe , he annexeth an exhortation also for vs : Let vs therefore as many as are perfect , ( that is sincere , and voide of grosse hypocrisie ) be thus minded . He was not as a vaine foolish man , who running in a race will be euer & anon looking back how much ground he hath rid : but his eye was vpon the marke , considering how much he had yet to runne , how farre off hee was from perfection : and the same minde should bee in vs , and will be in as many of vs , as are indued with the same spirit that Paul was . We must euery day labour to abound more and more in all wisedome and in all goodnesse . If wee prayed once a day in priuate , and that somewhat coldly at the first , wee must afterward pray twise or thrise , or oftner in a day , as occasion is offered , and that more feruently , and feelingly then we did in the beginning . If we did reade and meditate more seldome , and with greater weakenesse and distraction at our first entrance into profession , in our proceeding , wee must vse those exercises more frequently , and performe them more seriously and cheerfully : and the like may be sayd for all other duties . Thus if we can labour to doe , and when we slip , and so are stayed now and then in our race , yet if we recouer our selues with speede , and set sure● , and looke better to our steps , and make more haste in our way then we did before : wee must not be discouraged , though we finde not so good a progresse as were to bee wished for : God will accept of our endeuour , and his spirite will beare vs witnesse that wee haue a true heart ; Notwithstanding we come farre short of that wee should , and other of Gods Saints doe attaine vnto . But on the contrary , if wee stand at a stay , or start aside like a broken bowe , and so turne backe againe vnto follie , it is much to be suspected that we neuer had any soundnesse in vs. A third token of sinceritie is , constantly and carefully to vse all the good meanes of attaining to goodnesse , and to eschewall the inducements that may allure vnto euill . Doth any one hate swearing ? then let him shewe it by auoyding the company of blasphemers . Doth any one loth impuritie and filthines ? then let him testifie it by separating himselfe from all wanton and lasciuious companie , and from all suspected persons and places . If one pretend that he● hateth these and the like euils , and yet will aduenture vpon the baite , it is sure that such a one wanteth that truth of heart , which should bee in him , and is in all , so farre as they are sound within . So for the contrarie ; Doth any one desire that grace and religion may flourish in his heart , and that the fruites thereof may appeare in his life ? then let him vse all priuate and publike religious exercises , whereby these things may bee wrought and increased in him ; and delight in such company , as both by precept and example may further him therein . Doth any one wish that hee could get victory ouer some speciall sinnes and corruptions that hee is troubled withall ? then let him enter into combate against them , as the Apostle did , Rom : 7. Let him humble himselfe by fasting & praier , and complaine and crie vnto the Lorde for the repressing of them , and get such forcible reasons against them out of the Scriptures , as may quell the strength and violence of them : and thus a sincere heart will doe . But if wee make shewe that we desire to bee godly and religious , and yet vse not the meanes at all , or but some of thē : or if we vse them all , it is but by fittes and starts : or if we vse them constantly , yet wee doe it but remisly and coldly , wee cannot haue any assurance that our hearts are faithfull vnto the Lord. A fourth argument of sinceritie , is to performe all duties as in Gods presence , looking vnto him , as the directer and discerner of our thoughts , words , and workes , and thinking it sufficient if he approue of vs , though men do dislike vs ; as the Apostle Paul telleth the Corinthians ▪ As touching mee , I passe very little to be iudged of you , or of mans iudgement , &c. Hee that iudgeth mee is the Lord. And againe in the Epistle to the Thessalonians : As wee were allowed of God , that the Gospell should be committed vnto vs , so wee speake : not as they that please men but God , which approueth our hearts . And therefore he prayeth in another place , that the Corinthians might doe none all , not that hee might seeme a●proued , and haue the credit of their goodnes , as beeing wrought chiefly by his Ministerie : but that they might doe that which is honest , though he were disallowed ▪ to wit , by men : for with God the righteous Iudge , he knew that he should be both approued and rewarded . Thus hee that is a seruant , faithfull and trustie in his place , seruing the Lord Christ in conscience , and not men with eye-seruice , albeit he should be accounted the most idle and vntrusty seruant in all the familie , ( being indeede the most diligent and painefull of all , hee will still goe on with his faithfulnes , and not diminish any jote of his industrie and laboriousnes . This Iob alledgeth as a testimonie of his integritie , that whereas hee might haue giuen free scope to his eye for wanton lookes , and to his heart for sinfull affections , yet hee saith of himselfe : I made a couenant with mine eyes , why then should I thinke on a Maid● ? And why was he thus jealous of himselfe , & thus carefull to guide his eye , and to gouerne his hart in a right mā●er ? the reason is rendred , vers 4. Doth not he beholde my wayes , & ●●ll all my steps ? That also is Ios●phs commendation ; that whereas he might haue liued in impurity and filthinesse , not onely without blame and reproch , but euen with the fauour of his sinfull and vnchaste mistresse , yet the feare of the Lord restrained him from that monstrous and abhominable sinne ▪ How can I doe this great wic●edne● ( saith he ) and so sinne against God ? Yea , though shee spake to him from day to day yet he refused , and would not so much as be in her companie , lest any temptation should be offered vnto him by that occasion : hee would rather haue her displeasure the● Gods , and rather be imprisoned amongst malefactors , for forbearing of euill , then to be vexed and 〈◊〉 on the ●acke of an euill conscience for committing of euill . And this good disposition God● seruants doe many tim●s find in themselues , that whē they haue fal●e into any 〈◊〉 ●●●ne , & haue entertained ●●●●e and foolish thoughts , or corrupt and carnall affections , when they haue ouer-shot themselues in their speeches or in their carriage , and 〈…〉 discerneth it , yet they take themselues with the manner , and knowing that Gods holy eyes are vpon them , they iudge and condemne themselues : and are throughly angry with themselues , for that which they haue done . Yea somtimes , when men praise and extoll them ; yet they blush within themselues , and haue an holy indignation against their owne soules , that they haue dealt hypocritically , or vaingloriously , or lightly , or indisc●●●tly , or passionately . This is a very singular marke , and vndoubted argument of great pietie and sincerity . As on the contrary , it is a certaine note of grosse hypocrisie , euer to bee caring what men thinke and speake of vs , and of our doings , and neuer to regard what God seeth amisse in the same . 1. The last note ( though many other might be named ) shal be this , patiently to endure an admonition and reproofe , and to be desirous of the same , to the intent we may profite thereby : in publike to like best , and desire most those sermons , wherein our owne corruptions are most throughly met withall , and strucke at with greatest sharpnes and vehemencie : and in priuate to be most glad of the societie of those friends , that will in wisedome and mercie tell vs most often , and most plainly of our faults . Hypocrites , cannot abide that anie should ●ubbe vpon their galled backes , as it were , or come neare them , to touch their gouty , and festered , and corrupted consciences , but they will wince and kicke , and lay about them , and crie out on those that are such judgers , and such busie-bodies ( as they terme them ) and so reiect all wholesome reproofes , and carrie a bitter heart against the reprouers . Only those that are sound-har●ed , can submit thēselues , in the lowlines of their mindes , and meeknesse of their spirits , to beare admonitions when they need it , ( be hee a superiour or an inferiour , that administreth the same ) and labour to make a right vse hereof , and to loue the partie the better , that will deale so mercifully and faithfully with their soules . Indeede Gods best children may somtimes faile herein , and beginne to bustle , and take on , when they are somewhat sharpely dealt withall , and cannot so readily and cheerefully swallow and digest those bitter pils , as they should : but if they be grieued in their soules , that they finde so much pride in themselues , and though they be a little distempered in company , yet when they are alone , they are ashamed of their folly , and desire more wisedome and grace to reape benefit by the admonitions that shall afterwards be giuen them , and begin to thinke more reuerently of the parties that shewed them that mercy and kindnesse : they should not be dismaied , knowing that they are true Israelites , in whom there is no guile , notwithstanding that vnwillingnesse and vntowardnesse to vndergoe a rebuke , that they finde in themselues , and their corrupt nature . Thirdly , this is for the great comfort of all such as finde these notes of vprightnes in themselues , though they haue many corruptions and imperfections , mixed with their best workes , yet seeing they haue pure hearts , they are happie and blessed , and shall finde the good effects of their blessednesse . True holinesse , and true happines are neuer separated . As for perfection , God lookes not for it at our hands . If sinne hang on vs , but we would faine cast it off ; if we finde vnbeliefe , but would most gladly get faith : if we be troubled in our hearts with hardnes , but are desirous of softnesse : if we be humbled for that we cannot be humbled sufficiently , nor get such a large heart as we would desire and expect grace from heauen , let vs not be discomforted for our defects and frailties : for the Lord will spare vs and be gracious vnto vs in his beloued sonne : according to that worthy prayer of good King Hezekiah : The good Lord be mercifull toward him that prepareth his whole heart to seeke the Lord God of his Fathers , though he be not cleansed according to the purification of the sanctuary . Though many haue beene braullers heretofore , let them labour to be peaceable : though they haue beene worldly , let them striue to be heauenly : though they haue beene filthy , let them endeuour to get chastity : though they haue beene ignorant and prophane , let them study to obtaine knowledge and holinesse : and then they may come to the Lords table , and welcome : the Lord will haue respect vnto them , and grant them pardon for their sinnes , and supply all their wants , and giue them more grace to doe their dutie , in the remainder of their life , and in the daies of their pilgrimage that are yet behinde . ¶ Vers. 3. Surely they worke none iniquitie which walke in his waies . That is , they make not a trade , and common practise thereof . Slip they doe , through the infirmitie of the flesh , and subtilty of Sathan , and the allurements of the world : but they doe not ordinarily and customably goe forward in vnlawfull and sinfull courses . In that the Psalmist setteth downe this as a part ( and not the least part neither ) of blessednesse , That they worke none iniquitie , which walke in his waies : the doctrine to be learned hence , is this , that it is a maruellous great prerogatiue to be freed from the bondage of sin . If there were no other reward but this , yet it were a happy thing to be religious , euen in this respect , that we shall be set at liberty from such a seruice . This point is euident from the Apostles words , where he speaketh thus : God be thanked , that yee haue beene the seruants of sinne , but ye haue obeyed from the heart vnto the forme of doctrine , whereunto ye were deliuered . Wherby we see , that this was not the least priuiledge that they had being Gods seruāts , but indeed a matter for which he was greatly to be magnified ; that whereas they had beene the slaues of sinne , and ( as base drudges ) at the command of euery vile and wretched lust : by the vertue of the word powerfully preached vnto them , & faithfully receiued by them , they had beene deliuered from that bondage , and made the seruants of God in righteousnesse , and holinesse of life and conuersation . And therefore in that same Chapter , verse . 14. it is promised vnto Gods children , as a speciall fauour , That sinne shall not haue dominion ouer them . It may sometimes tyrannously vsurpe authoritie in them , but the strength of grace , and the operation of the holy spirit of God , will still diminish , and at last abolish the force and violence thereof : so that it shall neuer beare such sway ouer them , as in the time of their vnregeneracie it did . The truth of this doctrine , will yet more clearely shine forth , if we consider , what the maister , the seruice , and the reward of sinfull persons are . As for their maister , it is Sathan : For he is the God of this world , and the Prince that ruleth in the children of disobedience : of whom all vnbeleeuers are held in captiuitie , and still imployed according to his will and pleasure . Now he is a more cruell and sauage tyrant , then euer Pharaoh was : though he were very fierce against the Israelites , & exercised great tyranny ouer them , yet Sathan putteth his vassals to carry heauier burdens , and to toyle out themselues in baser workes , then euer the taskmasters of Aegipt imposed on the poore Israelites . For all impenitent sinners are in thraldome to euery brutish lust : they must defile their bodies , and corrupt their soules , and consciences , and pollute all their workes and waies , when , and in what maner soeuer the Diuell will haue them ; they must conuerse with euery lewd and sinfull companion : they must runne vp and downe , like drudges to follow euery vaine and base delight , to pursue euery meane and trifling commodity : and to hunt after euery promotion and dignity that offers it selfe vnto their view . They cannot liue peaceably in the day , nor rest quietly in the night : as we may see in gamesters , who breake their sleepe , ●● spend their time and strength , depriue themselues of a comfortable estate , and bring many miseries vpon themselues , and their families , by the ouer eager pursuite of their vngodly and vnthrifty courses . It is a wofull and lamentable case , that frantick persons are in , that must haue euery one in the family to attend vpon them , and to haue an eye vnto them , least they should hang themselues , or drowne themselues , or get a knife to cut their throates , or some way or other worke thēselues mischiefe : but farre worse is their case , that are possest with a spirituall frenzie , and led by the suggestions of Sathan , who are euermore labouring to worke out their owne ouerthrow , and to bring vpon themselues destruction of body and soule : which is the reward that Sathan giueth them for al their paines that they haue taken in seruing him , and in fulfilling the lusts of their owne wicked flesh : according to the saying of the Apostle , the wages of sin is death : that is , euerlasting death : which is an vtter separation from Gods blessed presence , & from all maner of comforts whatsoeuer , to endure vnspeakable and endles torments in the Lake that burneth with fire and brimstone , which is the second death . Another reason , why it is a great priuiledge to be exempted from the dominion of sin , is , because it is a testimony that we are the sonnes of God , as it is said by the Apostle Iohn : He that committeth sinne is of the Diuell , and whosoeuer is borne of God sinneth not . And why ? because the efficacy of the word and spirit doe restraine him there from . A third reason is , because that is it whereby we are made conformable vnto Christ Iesus : when we are freed from the slauery of sinne , we are still translated from glory to glory , and haue the Image of God renued in vs daily more and more , purging our selues euen as Christ is pure . 1. Iohn . 3. 3. This serueth for our instruction , that seeing it is such a preheminence not to be a worker of iniquity , therefore we should hereby fence and arme our selues against all enticements , whereby we might be allured to sinne , either in hart or in behauiour , when pleasure smileth vpon vs , or filthy lucre setteth on our hearts , or preferment calleth for vs , &c. Let this be as a buckler whereby to repell all the fiery darts of the Diuell : It is a blessed thing to worke none iniquitie , and , what should it profit a man to winne the whole world , and to loose his owne soule ▪ Moses chose rather to suffer affliction with the people of God , then to enioy the pleasures of sinne , and the preferments of Egipt for a season . It was a foolish & mad part of the Israelites , to desire to returne into Egypt the house of their bondage , that they might eate of their flesh-pots , and of the leekes & onions , that in time past they had there enioyed : but much more void of sense & reason are they , that whē they haue bin once deliuered frō that spirituall seruitude , wil cast thēselues into thraldome againe : & when they haue bene puld out of the snares of the diuel , wherein they were held at his pleasure , will returne againe to folly , & intangle thēselues the second time . Wherefore let this put strength into vs in all conflicts , that we may stand resolutely , as against other assaults , so against that of the example of great & mighty men , who vsually take their liberty in all voluptuous and licentious kinds of liuing . This consideration ( I say ) should arme vs against it : The Lord hath pronounced them blessed that worke none iniquitie : and if I ●ee of the number of them , I shall be more happy in renouncing sinne , then the greatest Potentate on the earth , is , or can bee in committing of sinne . And therefore let vs deale as Eliphaz did in the booke of Iob : I haue seene the foolish well rooted ( saith hee ) and suddenly I cursed his habitation : not by way of imprecation , but of denunciation of Gods iudgements due vnto them for their euill workes , shewing that they tooke such courses as did make them and theirs accursed , and bring the vengeance of God vpon them : the meditation whereof was a strong bulwarke , to fence him against all temptations , vnto the like sinfull and vile practises . 2. This maketh for the terror of all such as doe drinke in sinne with greedinesse , and giue allowance to themselues in blaspheming , in Sabbath-breaking , in wantonnesse , in lying , and slandering , and scoffing , and such other foule vices . If they be blessed that do not worke iniquitie , then cursed are they that make a common practise thereof . But I hope ( will some say ) a mans heart may bee good , though hee ouer-shoote himselfe by rapping out an oath now and then , and by speaking foolishly and lightly , &c. you must not iudge ( say they ) God knoweth our hearts . Hee doth so indeede , and he hath made knowne vnto vs by his word , that an ill tongue and an ill life , doe alwayes argue an ill heart : for out of the aboundance of the heart , the mouth speaketh : and a good tree cannot bring forth such rotten fruite nor a pure Fountaine send foorth such muddie and filthy streames , as doe euermore issue foorth at their prophane mouthes , and are deriued from their impure consciences vnto all , or to the most part of their actions . Vers. 4 Thou hast commaunded to keepe thy precepts diligently . THe doctrine that these wordes affoord is this , that nothing is superfluous that is done in obedience to Gods holie will. The word translated Diligently , doth signifie in the originall tongue ( wonderfull much ) so that the wordes goe thus : Thou hast commaunded to keepe thy precepts wonderfull much . And this the Apostle vrgeth the Corinthians , vnto : Hauing such promises beloued , let vs purge our selues from all fithinesse of the flesh and of the spirit : that is , from all manner of corruption , as wel inward as outward . And that was the ●rift of Christ Iesus in giuing the true interpretation of th law , which the Pharisees had corrupted by their false Expositions : I say this was the drift to draw men from resting on the outward obseruation thereof , and to bring them to haue regard vnto their thoughts , and to the affections of their hearts : and moreouer in their practise to doe those things which heathen men and hypocrites could not attaine vnto : and therefore he often vrgeth this sentence , to shew the sl●ndernesse and insufficiencie of their obedience : What singular thing doe yee ? Implying that Christians must in many things bee singular , and differ from , and goe beyond the common sort of men . If one could doe as much good as an hundred , yet he could not doe the hundreth part of that which a Christian ought to performe . Let him say still ( for it is a truth , ) I am an vnprofitable seruant : I haue done no more then my dutie , nor so much as my dutie . As Christ came to fulfill all that his Fathers law required , so it behoueth vs to obserue euery thing that wee are commanded , though not in perfection , which wee cannot attaine vnto : yet in vprightnesse , and with our best indeuours . When the Israelites told Moses that if he would goe neare , and heare what the Lord saide , and declare it vnto them , they would heare and doe all that the Lord should say , the Lord himselfe testified the equitie of their words , that they had well spoken , all that they spake , & wished that there were such an hart in them , to feare him , and to keepe all his commandements alway : that it might goe well with them and with their children after them . Whereby we are informed what is acceptable vnto God , and profitable for our selues : namely , entire obedience for our comfortable welfare , and constant obedience for our continuall happines : and to the same purpose tendeth that serious instigation of Paul to the Corinthians : Therefore my beloued brethren , be ye stedfast , vnmoueable , abundant alwayes in the worke of the Lorde , for as much as yee knowe that your labour is not in vaine in the Lord. 1 First , no vaine thing is commaunded , but euery precept that he giueth is holy , and euery dutie prescribed to vs , is needfull to be performed , he requireth nothing but that which is good and iust : and who can charge vs to doe more than enough , whiles we deale onely in that which is iust and good ? 2 Secondly , the Lord desireth to be serued with all due care and faithfulnesse . Can any man say , I am before hand with him , and I haue done more for his sake than he hath for mine ? doe we not receiue from him breath , and being , and life , and liuing , and preseruation , and saluation it selfe , and all things else ? 3 Thirdly , our labour is not lost , nor trauell mis-spent in yeelding obedience to him : for he will reward it at the full , and aboue all desert . No man worketh for him without wages : not a godly action , not a godly word , not a godly purpose , not a godly motion of heart shall passe without pay and compensation . 4 Fourthly , euery default and omission of well doing , at euery time deserueth damnation : and either shal be recompenced with the death of the sinner , or hath beene alreadie requited with the torments of Christ ▪ which serueth 1 For confutation of the Papists , that little regarding the commandements of God ▪ expect great matters for their deuotion , and their outward inuentions and obseruations : but who hath required those things at their hands ? the Lord commandeth them to keepe his precepts , otherwise they can expect no recompence from him ; but that may be said of all their inuented worship , which was spoken of them that were so full of externall ceremonies ( as touch not , taste not , handle not ) in the Apostles time : concerning all which he saith : That they perish with the vsing , seeing they are after the commandements and doctrines of man : So soone as the worke is done , the reward is gone . Besides , here may be confuted all their workes of supererogation : if GOD command vs to obserue his law in perfection , then what can there be left for them to performe beyond that which he commandeth ? doth Christ bid vs say , that when we haue done all that we can , we are vnprofitable seruants , and haue performed no more then our duties ? and will they be so audacious as to bragge of an ouerplus of well doing ? Is it possible for obedience to exceed the commandement , or for ought to be any thing worth that is not done in obedience ? but to let them passe . This is for our instruction : hath God enioyned vs to obserue his precepts so exceeding carefuly and diligently ? then let nothing draw vs there-from , no not in the least circumstance : let vs esteeme nothing needlesse , friuolous , or superfluous , that we haue a warrant for out of his word : nor count those too wise or precise that will stand resolutely vpon the same : if the Lord require any thing , though the world should gainesay it , and we be derided and abused for the doing of it , yet let vs proceed still in the course of our obedience . Sithence our maister doth require it as a due , and it becommeth vs to yeeld it as a duty , and our hire is so great for the performance of the same , which will also be inlarged as our integritie shal be increased ; the greater our faithfulnesse shal be found , the more praise we shall obtaine , accompanied proportionably with all other good blessings , and let this be a motiue further to incite vs to such diligence , that the Lord is much displeased with remisnes and negligence : sloathfull persons are euery where reprehended in the Scriptures , euen for being idle in humaine affaires , and matters that concerne mens present estate : much more then doe they deserue to be sharply reproued , and also corrected for their carelesnesse in those holy workes , whereabout God setteth them : he that doth not as much as he may in the seruices of God , may looke to haue more strokes from his hand , and rebukes from his mouth , that will be for his comfort . ¶ Vers. 5. Oh that my wayes were directed to keepe thy statutes . IN the former verse the Prophet Dauid obserues the charge which God giues , and that is , that his commaundements be diligently kept : Here then hee obserues his owne weakenesse and insufficiencie to discharge that great dutie , and therefore , as ●he by the spirit desirous to discharge it , and yet by the flesh not able to discharge it , he breaketh out into these wordes , oh that my wayes were directed , &c. Much like vnto a childe that being commaunded to take vp some great weight from the ground , is willing to doe it , though not able to doe it : or a sicke patient aduised to walke many turnes in his chamber , findes a desire in his heart , though vnhabilitie in his bodie to doe that which he is directed vnto : This an holy Father founde in himselfe , and therefore hee prayeth to God after this sort , Da quod iubes Domine , & iube quid vis , Giue me ( Lord ) power to doe that which thou commaundest , and then commaund what thou wilt . Dauid sawe by the light of Gods spirit , wherein true blessednesse did consist , namely , in the obseruation of Gods lawe ; willing was hee to attaine that blessednesse , but seeing that his wayes were not Gods wayes , nor his thoughts Gods thoughts , hee , obseruing his owne wanderings , desires to bee directed in the good wayes . When thou hearest ( saith Augustine ) this interiection of wishing , then , acknowledging the word of wishing , laye aside the pride of presuming . For who can say that hee desires that which hee hath so in his owne free-will , that hee can performe it without any helpe ? If then a man desires to doe that which God hath commaunded , hee must desire God to giue that which hee hath commaunded . For of whom else should hee desire it , but of the Father of lights , from whom ( as the holy Scripture affirmeth ) doth come euery good and perfect gi●t ? This then is as much ( saith that holy Father ) as if Dauid should say , I haue learned of thee O Lord my Maister , that it is necessarie to keepe thy commaundements , I none desire thine helpe that I may keepe them : for thou giuest both the will and the decide according to thy good pleasure . The like to this hath the Prophet Ieremie , chapt . 10. 23. O Lord ( saith hee ) I knowe that the way of man is not in himselfe , neither is it i● man to walke and to direct his steps . ( Salomon saith ) the heart of man purposeth his way : but the Lord doth direct his steppes . Prou. 16. 9. Dauid againe saith , the steppes of man are directed by the Lord , Psalm . ●7 . 23. And therefore hee prayeth after this sort , Psalm . 86. 11. Teach mee O Lord thy way , and I will walke in thy truth , O knit mine heart vnto thee that I may feare thy name . The word , directed , in the originall signifieth to strengthen or to establish ; noting thereby his owne , and all mens insufficiencie , either to knowe , affect , beleeue , or obey Gods will , much lesse to continue therein , vnlesse it please GOD to giue assistance . Out of this prayer of Dauid we may obserue , 1. The infirmitie of man to doe that , which is pleasing to God : 2. The desire of the godly to doe that which may please God. 3. The confession of the godly , that without Gods assistance they can performe no good thing . 4. The meanes which are to bee vsed for the keeping of Gods commaundements , namely the consideration of our owne weakenesse , and prayer to bee directed in the wayes of God , and that therein wee may walke vntill our dying daye . ¶ Vers. 6. Then shall I not be ashamed , when I haue respect to all thy commaundements . THis verse hath an excellent dependance on the former : there hee desired to bee directed by God ; here he sheweth the benefit of that direction : namely , that hauing respect vnto all Gods commandements , he should neither be ashamed , as some translations read it , nor confounded , as others haue it . In the 22. verse he desireth God to remoue from him shame and contempt , here he sets down the meanes to auoide both . He wisheth in another place , that the wicked may be ashamed and confounded , yea that they may be cloathed with such garments ; as for himselfe hee would faine liue without shame : and surely no maruel , for what fruite haue we of those things whereof in the ende we must be ashamed , saith the Apostle , Rom. 6. 21 ? True it is , that if a man commit sin , he hath good cause to be ashamed of it , but it is better to carrie such behauiour in our liues , that we neede not , either in our selues , or before men , to be ashamed of any action ; but that he may faile vs as Saint Paul doth , this is our reioycing , the testimonie of our conscience , &c. Hee that walketh vprightly walketh boldly ( saith Salomon , ) but hee that peruerteth his wayes shall be knowen . I cannot here omit a worthy saying of that wise man , who did write that Booke which wee call Ecclesiasticus , thus I finde it , chapt . 41. verse 17. &c. Be ashamed of whoredome before father and mother : be ashamed of lies before the Prince , and men of authority : of sinne before the Iudge and ruler : of offence before the congregation , and people : of vnrighteousnes before a companion & friend : or of theft before the place where thou dwellest : and before the truth of God and his couenant : or to leane with thine elbowes vpon the table : or to be reproued for giuing or taking : or of silence to them that salute thee : or to looke vpon an harlot : or to turne thy face frō thy kinseman : or to take away a portion , or a gift : or to be euill minded towards an other mans wife : or to sollicite any mans maid : or to stand by her bed : or to reproach thy friends with words : or to vpbraide when thou giuest any thing : or to report a matter that thou hast heard : or to reueale secret wordes . Thus maiest thou well be shamefast , & shalt find fauor with all men . But of these things be thou not ashamed , neither haue regard to offend for any person : of the lawe of the most High , and his couenant ●nd of Iudgement to iustifie the godly : of the cause of thy companion and of strang 〈…〉 of distributing the inheritance among friends : to be diligent to keepe true balance and w●ight , whether thou haue little or much : to sell Merchandise at an indifferent price , and to correct thy children diligently , &c. Note we then here that the meanes to auoide shame before men , and confusion before God and men , is a reuerend respect to all Gods commaundements . I say vnto all . For he that offendeth in any one is guilty of all . Dead flies ( saith Salomon ) cause to stincke & putrifie the oyntment of the Ap●th●●arie : so doth a little f●llie him that is in estimation for wisedome and for glorie . A little hole if it be not stopped will sincke a shippe : a little spot if it bee not taken out will defile a garment : and a little sinne , if it be not washed away by that blood of Christ , which was shed for the least sinne , will endanger the soule . We must haue a respect to all , or else we haue true respect to none . Adams one sinne made him so ashamed , that he could not without blushing behold himselfe , much lesse durst hee come into the presence of God. Dauids one sinne made him so ashamed , that for a long time he could not looke vp . What shall we say then of the sinners of our time , who imagine mischiefe vpon their beds ? who drinke vp iniquity like vnto water , who eate vp Gods people , as it were bread , who delight when they doe euill , to whom it is a pastime to committe sinne : whose foreheads are brasse , faces iron , and countenances as that of the whorish woman , impudent and past shame ? Were they ashamed when they committed abhomination ? Nay they were not ashamed , neither could they haue any shame , saith the Lord by the Prophet Ieremie , chapter . 6. 15. In former times sinne walked not without a couering , as we may see in Thamar , Genes . 38. 14. Nay , sinners might not be looked vpon , as we may read of Haman : Hester , 7. 8. But now the wicked walke on euery side , they sit in the dore , stand at the windowe , and are not ashamed to appeare before God in his house , and at his Table , though in steede of their wedding garment , they come cloathed with the menstruous ragges of sinne and iniquitie . Shall not God be auenged of such a stiffe-necked people ? Yea , though Noah , Iob , and Daniell pray for them , in the ende he will be auenged . For cursed are they that erre from his Commandements . None can looke vp better then , then the godly : none shall hang downe his head sooner then the godlesse . Then shall I not bee confounded : ] By this wee vnderstand ( saith Caluin ) that so manie as followe their owne lusts and phantasies , which looke this way and that way , and imagine themselues a marke , and forge themselues such a way , as seemeth good in their owne sight , that they shall be confounded and deceiued . The onely way to auoide this confusion , is , inwardly in heart , and outwardly in practise to settle our eyes vpon the law of God , without turning aside , either to the right hand by superstition , or to the left hand , by prophanenesse of life . ● vers . 7. I will praise thee with an vpright heart when I shall learne the iudgements of thy righteousnes . BVt what Dauid , wilt thou giue vnto God , when he shall direct thy heart so to keepe his lawe , that hauing respect to all his commandements , thou needest not to be ashamed ? I will praise thee ( saith he ) with an vpright heart : and thus as I take it , is the connexion of this verse with the former . The meaning is , that when it shall please the Lord throughly to teach him his will , which he calleth here the iudgements of his righteousnesse , because it containeth in it perfect righteousnesse , then will be magnifie and praise the name of God alone , and that with a sound and sincere heart voyd of hypocrisie and counterfaiting . Learne we here 1. what Dauid especially desired to learne , namely , the word and will of God : he would euer be a scholler in this schoole , and sought daily to ascend to the highest forme , that learning to know , he might remember , remembring might beleeue , beleeuing might delight , delighting might admire , admiring might adore , adoring might practise , & practising might continue in the way of Gods statutes . This learning is the old and true learning indeed , and he is best learned in this art , who turneth Gods word into good workes . Too much of other learning will make thee mad vpon thine owne wisedome , yeathy wisedome , and thy knowledge may make thee to rebell ; but this will make thee wise vnto saluation . Other wise men are ashamed , they are affraid and taken : Lee , they haue reiected the word of the Lord , and what wisedome is in them ? Ier. 8. But Gods wiseman hath more vnderstanding then the ancient , Psal. 119. vers . 15. more circumspect than his enemies , Ps. 19 & better learned then either the wise men of the East ▪ or all the wisedome of Egipt 1. King. 4 ▪ 30. But where is this learning found ? in the booke of God , soundly vnderstood , and sauingly applied vnto the conscience . Who is the teacher ? the principal maister is God himselfe . They shall be all taught of God saith Ieremie : God opened the heart of Lydia saith Luke . He sits in heauen that teacheth the heart saith Augustine . Paul may plant and Apollos water , but it is God that giueth the encrease saith Paul. The ministers indeed are Gods instruments in the Church , & maisters of families ought to be his instruments in the house , yet as Iohn only baptised with water , Christ with the holy Ghost , so these may speake to the outward ●are , it is God that must giue vs vnderstanding in all things . If we pray God to be taught as the Eunuch did Philip , he will say vnto vs Ephatha , be thou opened : for an hūble petitioner findeth that knowledge , which a curious searcher can neuer find out . This well is deepe , we haue nothing to drawe ; let downe the bucket by this chaine , and thou shalt drawe vp liuing waters of eternall life . But thou hast drawne vp , and drunke them downe , and findest them sweeter than the honie combe , forget not with the prophet to praise the Lord ; he desireth no more , he delighteth in nothing else . Let his praise be in thy mouth , when his law is in thine heart . But take heed that thou praise him in sinceritie . For faire without , foule within , white without , blacke within , and in a word all painted sepulchers they are abominable in the sight of God. Chrysost : speaketh to such persons thus , thou hypocrite , if it be a good thing to be good , why wilt thou appeare to be that which thou art not ? if it ●e an euill thing to be euill , why wilt thou be that which thou wilt not appeare ? if it be a good thing to appeare good ▪ it is better to be good : if it be an euill thing to appeare euill , it is farre worse to be euill . Therefore either appeare that which thou art indeed , or be that which thou dost appeare . Euery one who desireth to seeme that which he is not indeed , is an hypocrite , saith Augustine . Verse 8. I will keepe thy statutes : O forsake mee not ouer-long . THe Prophet now considering all that he had saide , namely , that all were in a blessed estate which keepe Gods commandements , that they worke none iniquity , that God had commaunded the obseruation of his law , that hee desired to obserue it , lest he should be confounded and that he should haue iust cause to magnifie Gods name , when hee had learned Gods word : hee concludeth this portion in these wordes , I will keepe , &c. In which obserue , 1. a promise , 2. a prayer . A promise I will keepe thy statutes : a prayer . O forsake mee not ouer long , 4. I will keepe , &c. 1. By thy grace and assistance , ( for otherwise I am not able ) I will laye vp thy statutes , not in my closer to preserue them from corruption , nor in thine house to keepe them from ruine , but in my memorie to remember them , in mine heart to loue and like them , and in my life to bee directed by them . The word statutes , is in our Englishe Leitourgie translated Ceremonies , and indeede the hebrewe word signifieth properly such constitutions and rites as were vsed in the Leuiticall Priest hood . And they were so named , because the ceremonies of Moses were not idle spectacles , or obseruations belonging to the outward man , but types , shadowes , and pictures of farre greater things . But happily by that figure Synechdoche , this part of the law , is vsed for the whole word of God ▪ Yet note that Dauid was not an improuident reader or obseruer of the Ceremoniall lawe , but was carefull to knowe what was meant by euery ceremonie , that in them hee might finde CHRIST the ende of the Lawe ; and in a worde , that the Types of the ceremoniall Lawe , and impossibilitie of the morall , might bee as a schoole-maister to bring him to IESVS CHRIST . If the King of Israel keepe Gods statutes , the people of Israel will bee ashamed to neglect them . Caesar was wont to say , Princes must not say , Ite , goe yee , without mee , but Venite , Come yee along with mee . So saide Gideon , Iudg : 7. 17. As yee see me doe , so doe yee . Once againe note , that for the better obseruing of Gods law ? wee should euer carie with vs holie purposes : and for our better going on in that way , laye vowes vpon our selues . Dauid in this verse promiseth to doe so ; and verse 106 ▪ sweareth to doe so , I haue sworne , and will performe it , to keepe thy righteous iudgements . Last of all , doth Dauid labour to finde CHRIST in the law ; Why then doe not we labour to finde him in the Gospell , and vpon euery occasion to applie him to our selues ? When I am ( saith Augustine ) assaulted by some wicked thought , I then b● take mee to the wounds of CHRIST ; when my flesh casteth mee downe , by the remembrance of my Sauiours woundes , I rise vp againe . Deth Sathan assault mee , I flie to those bowells of mercie ; who are in my Sauiour , and hee departeth away from mee . Am I enflamed with lust , I quench that fire with the meditation of Christs Passion . Am I in any trouble , I finde no more effectuall remedie , then the woundes of CHRIST ▪ in them I sleepe securely , and repose my selfe without feare . CHRIST died for vs , there is nothing so deadly , which is not cured by the death of Christ. I see ( saith he ) the bowels of CHRIST , through the wounds of CHRIST ; & euen through the hol●s in his side , I behold the secrets of his heart . O Lords forsake mee not ouer long ▪ ) God had begunne a good worke in him , his desire is that hee would finish the same : and therefore he prayeth , that howsoeuer , by the corruption of his owne heart , the malice of Sathan , or the pleasures of the world , hee should perhaps faile in keeping that vowe , which hee had formerly made : and therefore , for a time be left to himselfe , and forsaken of God , yet it would please him not to forsake him ouer long : but that though he fell , he might rise againe , being taken vp by Gods owne hand . Saul was forsaken , a●d forsaken vtterly : Dauid fearing the like desertion , desireth that hee might not be forsaken for euer . True it is indeede , that for the correction of some sinne , the triall of their faith , the exercise of their patience , the manifestation of his glorie , and for their owne better knowledge of themselues , GOD seemeth to withdraw himselfe from his seruants : And as a Nource dealeth with young children , to leaue them to themselues , and to hide her selfe at some Pillar , or vnder some curtaine , that they taking some falles , may both see their owne weakenesse , and knowe how much they are beholding to her for preseruing them when they fell not , and taking them vp beeing fallen . Thus Peter was forsaken for a minute : CHRIST IESVS for a fewe houres : Dauid for a fewe moneths : and Iob for a fewe yeares . Against an vtter desertion in this kinde Dauid prayeth in this place , and according to S. Augustine , is in effect thus much . O Lord , if , lest I should be proud , and should say in my prosperitie I shall neuer be remoued , it pleased thee to tempt me , yet forsake me not ouerlong : that is , if thou haue thus forsaken me , that I may know how weake I am without thine assist mee , yet forsake me not vtterly , lest I perish . I know that of thy good will thou hast giuen me strength , and if thou turnest away thy face from me , I shall forthwith be troubled , O forsake me not , that I perish not . If Christ be a sleepe the shippe is in danger , and if the Lord absent himselfe but for a while , we are not able to stand in temptation . And yet it pleaseth the Lord to exercise his deerest seruants oftentimes with these desertions . For ( as that iudiciall diuine Maister Perkins obserueth , whom I follow in that which followeth ) the blessings that God bestoweth on them are of two sorts , either positiue or priuatiue : positiue , are reall graces wrought in the heart , by the spirit of God : priuatiue are such meanes whereby God preserues men from falling into sinne ; as crosses , desertions . And these in number exceed the first , as long as men doe liue in this world . Before it can be declared what these desertions are , this conclusion is to be laid downe . He which is once in the estate of grace , shall be in the same for euer . This appeareth in the eight of the Romans , 30. Where Paul sets downe the golden chaine of the causes of saluation that can neuer be broken ; so that he which is predestinate shall be called , iustified , glorified . And a little after he saith , Who shall lay any thing to the charge of Gods Elect ? and , Who shall seuer vs from the loue of Christ ? and , I am perswaded that no creatures shall be able to seuer vs from the loue of Christ : which he would not haue said , if men being in the estate of grace , might fall quite from grace . And how should they which are iustified haue peace with God , if they were not sure to perseuere righteous before God to the ende ? And how shall it be said , that hope maketh not ashamed , because the loue of God ( wherewith God loues his Elect ) is shed abroad in their hearts , by the holy Ghost which is giuen them , if any may vtterly fall from that loue ? How should the testimonie of the spirit , which testifieth to the Elect , that they are the children of God , be true and certaine , if it may be quite extinguished ? Lastly , how shall that of Iohn be true , they went out of vs , because they were not of vs : if they had beene of vs ▪ they should haue remained with vs , if a man may wholy fall from Christ , which hath once beene made a true member of him ? Our Sauiour Christ saith , My sheepe heare my voyce : and I know them , and they follow me : and I giue life eternall to them , and no man shall take them out of my hand , or out of my fathers hand , and whatsoeuer my father giueth me , shall come vnto me , and whosoeuer commeth to me , I will not cast out . And if any of the Elect being effectually called might wholy fall from grace , then there must be a second insition or engrafting into the mysticall body of Christ , and therefore a second Baptisme : nay for euery fall a new insition , and a new Baptisme ; which must in no wise be graunted : wherefore they which are predestinate to be in the estate of grace , are also predestinate to perseuere in the same to the end . Hereupon it followeth , that the desertions of Gods Elect , are first of all partiall , that is , such as wherein God doth not wholy forsake them , but in some part . Secondly , temporarie , that is , for some space of time , and neuer beyond the compasse of this present life . For a moment ( saith the Lord in Esay ) in mine anger I hid my face from thee for a little season , but with euerlasting mercie haue I had compassion on thee , saith the Lord thy Redeemer . And to this purpose Dauid well acquainted with this matter , prayeth , Forsake me not ouerlong . This sort of Desertions , though it be but for a time , yet no part of a Christian mans life is free from them : and very often taking deepe place in the heart of man , they are of long cōtinuance . Dauid cōtinued in his dangerous fall about the space of an whole yeare before he was recouered . Luther cōfesseth of himselfe , that after his cōuersion , he lay three yeares in desperation . And common experience in such like cases can make record of lōger time . The maner , God vseth in forsaking his owne seruants , is of two sorts : the first is by taking away one grace and putting another in the roome ; the second , by hiding his grace as it were in a corner of the heart . God takes away his grace , and puts another in the roome , diuers waies . 1. First , he bereaueth his owne children of outward prosperitie , yea he will loade them with crosses , and yet he wil make a good supply by giuing patience . Dauid is driuen out of his kingdome , by his owne sonne , a heauie crosse : yet the Lord ministreth an humble and patient spirit : so as he was content to speake , If the Lord thus say , I haue no delight in thee : behold here I am , let him doe to me as seemeth good in his eyes . So likewise Christian Martyrs are bereaued of all outward safetie , and laid open to the violence & persecution of tyrants yet inwardly they are established by the power of the might of God , when they are most weak , they are most strong , and when they are most foiled , then they obtaine victorie . 2. Secondly , the Lord cuts off the daies of this life , and for recompence to his own elect giues life eternall : The righteous is taken away frō the euill to come . This is manifest in Iosias , of whom it is said , Behold , I will gather thee to thy fathers , and though shall be put into thy graue in peace , and thine eyes shall not see all the euill which I will bring vpon this place . 3. Thirdly , God takes away the feeling of his loue , and the ioy of the holy Ghost for a season : & then in the roome thereof he kindles an earnest desire , & thirsting with groanes and cryings vnto heauen , to be in the former fauour of God againe . This was Dauids case , when he complained and said , My voyce came to God , when I cryed , my voyce came to God , and he heard m● : in the day of my trouble I sought the Lord , my sore r●nne and ceased not in the night : my soule refused comfort . I did thinke vp ●n God and was troubled : I prayed , and my spirit was full of anguish . Selah . The like was the estate of the Church making her mone vnto God in Esay , O Lord , why hast thou made vs to erre from thy wayes ? and hardened our hearts from thy feare ? returne for thy seruants sak● , and for the tribes of thine inheritance . 4. Fourthly , God graunts his seruants the holy meanes of saluatiō , namely , preaching , prayer , Sacraments , & holds backe the efficacie of his spirit for a time . In this case they are like the corne field that is plowed and sowed with good corne ; but yet for a time it neuer giues rooting beneath , nor so much as a shew of any blade appeares aboue . Thus the spouse of Christ , when she comes into his wine-seller , she fals into a swowne ; so as she must be staied with flaggons , and comforted with apples because she is sicke of loue . 5. Fiftly , God giueth his children a strong affection , to obey his will , but he lets them faile in the act of obedience it selfe , like as a prisoner who hath escaped the hand of his Iayler , hath an affectiō to run a thousand miles euery houre ; but hauing happily his bolts on his legges : hee cannot for his life but goe very softly , gauling and chafing his flesh ; and with much griefe falling againe into the hands of his keeper . This is it , that Paul complaineth of when he saith , I delight in the lawe of God , concerning the inner man , but I see another law in my members , rebelling against the law of my mind , & leading me captine to the law of sin , which is in my members . O wretched man that I am , who shall deliuer me from this body of death ▪ This second manner of Gods forsaking of his Elect is , when hee hides his graces for a time : not by taking them quite away , but by couering them , & by remouing all sense and feeling of them . And in this case they are like the trees in the winter season , that are beaten with winde & weather , bearing neither leaf nor fruite , but looke as though they were rotten & dead , because the sappe doth not spread itselfe , but lies bid in the roote . Dauid often was in this case , as namely , when he saith , Will the Lord absent himselfe for euer ? Ana will hee shewe no more fauour : is his mercie cleane gone for euer ? Doth his promise faile for euermore ? Hath God forgotten to be mercifull ? hath hee shut vp his ●ender mercies in displeasure ? Selah . This comes to passe , because the Lord very often , in , and by one contrarie workes another ▪ Clay & spittle tempered together , in reason should put out a mans eyes : but Christ vsed it as a meanes to giue sight to the blind . Water in reason should put out fire : but Elias when he would shew that IEHOVA was the true God , powres water on his sacrifice , and fills a trench therewith to make the sacrifice burne . The like appeareth in the worke of grace to saluation . A man that hath liued in securitie , by Gods goodnes hath his eyes opened to see his sinnes : & his heart touched to feele the huge & loath some burden of them , and therefore to be waile his wretched estate , with bitternes of heart . Hereupon , hee presently thinks that God will make him a firebrand of hell : whereas indeede the Lorde is now about to worke and frame in his heart sanctification and sound repentance , neuer to bee repented of . The man which hath had some good perswasion of Gods fauour in Christ , comes afterward vpon manie occasions to bee troubled & to be ouerwhelmed with distrustfullnes & grieuous doubtings of his saluation , so as he iudgeth himselfe to haue been but an hypocrite in former times , & for the time present a castaway . But indeed hereby the Lord exerciseth , fashioneth , and increaseth his weake faith . In one word , marke this point , that the graces of God peculiar to the elect , are begunne , increased , and made manifest , in or by their contraries . A man in this Desertion , can discerne no difference betweene himselfe and a cast-away : and the rather if with this Desertion be ioyned a feeling of Gods anger : for then ariseth the bitterest temptation that euer befell the poore soule of a Christian man , and that is a wrastling and strugling in spirit and conscience , not with the motions of a rebelling flesh , nor the accusation of the Diuell , which are oftentimes very irkesome and terrible , but against the wrath of a reuenging God. This hiddden and spirituall temptation more tormenteth the spirit of man , then all the rackes or gibbets in the world can do . And it hath his fits after the māner of an ague , in which euen Gods own seruants ouercarried with sorrow , may blaspheme God , and cry out that they are damned . Iob was in this estate : as hee testifieth , Oh that my griefe were weyed ( saith he ) and my miseries were layd together in the balla●ce : for it would be heauier then the sand of the sea : therefore my words are swallowed vp , for the arrowes of the Almighty are in me , the venome thereof doth drinke vp my spirit , & the terrours of God fight against me . And further , he complains that the Lord is a his enemy , that he b sets him as a But to ●●●●●e at . This was Dauids temptation when hee said , c O Lord rebuke mee not in thine anger , neither chostise mee in thy wrath , haue mercie vpon me O Lord , for I am weake : O Lord heale me , for my bones are vexed , my soule is also sore troubled : but Lord how long wilt thou delay ? Returne O Lord , deliuer my soule , saue me for thy mercies sake . Hence it followes , that when any that hath bene a professor of the Gospell shall despaire at his ende , that men are to leaue secret iudgements to God , and charitably to iudge the best of them . For example , one d Maister Chambers at Leycester of late , in his sicknesse grieuously despaired , and cried out that he was damned , and after dyed : yet it is not for any to note him with the black marke of a reprobate . One thing which he spake in his extremitie ( O that I had but one drop of faith ) must moue all men to conceiue well of him . For by this it seemeth hee had an heart which desired to repent and belieue : and therefore a repentant & beleeuing heart indeed . For GOD at all times , but especially in temptation , of his great mercy accepts the will , for the deede . Neither is it to be regarded , that hee said he was damned ; for men in such cases speake not as they are , but as they feele thēselues to be . Yea to go further , when a professor of the gospell shall make away himselfe , though it be a fearefull case , yet still the same opinion must be carried . First , Gods iudgements are very secret . 2. They may repent in the very agonie for any thing we know . 3 None is able to comprehend the bottomles depth of the graces & mercies which are in Christ Iesus . Thus much of the manner which God vseth in forsaking his Elect : Now followe the kinds of desertion , which are two : desertion in punishment , desertion in sinne . Desertion in punishment is , when God deferreth either to mitigate or to remooue the crosse and chastisement which he hath laide vpon his children . This befell Christ on the crosse a My God ( saith he ) my God , why hast thou forsaken me ? this was the complaint of Gedeon . Did not the Lord bring vs out of Egipt ? but now the Lord hath forsakē vs , & deliuered vs into the hands of the Midianites ▪ Iudg. 6. 13. a M. Robert Glouer martyr , at Couentrie , after hee was condēned by the Bishop , & was now at point to be deliuered out of the world , it so happened , that two or three dayes before his death , his heart beeing lumpish and desolate of all spirituall consolation , felt in himselfe no aptnesse , nor willingnesse , but rather a heauinesse and dulnesse of spirit , full of much discomfort , to beare the bitter crosse of Martyrdome , readie now to bee laide vpon him , wherevpon hee fearing in himselfe , least the Lord had withdrawn his wonted fauour from him , made his moane to one Austine his deere friend , signifying vnto him , how earnestly he had prayed day and night vnto the LORD GOD , and yet could receiue no motion nor sense of any comfort from him , vnto whome they saide Austine answered againe , willing him patiently to waite the Lords pleasure , & howsoeuer his present feeling was , yet seeing his cause was iust and true , he exhorted him constāntly to sticke to the same , & to play the mā , nothing doubting , but the Lord in his good time would visite him , and satisfie his desire with plentie of consolation , &c. The next day when the time came of the Martyrdome , as he was going to the place , and was now come to the sight of the stake , although all the night before praying for strength and courage , he could feele none , suddainly he was so replenished with the holy Ghost , that he cryed out clapping with his hands to Austine , and saying with these words , Austine , he is come , he is come , &c. and that with such ioy and alacritie , as one seeming rather to be risen from some deadly danger to liberty of life , then as one passing out of the world by any paines of death . Desertion in sinne , is when God withdrawing the assistance of his spirit , a man is left to fall into some actuall and grieuous sinne . And for all this no man is to thinke that God is the authour of sinne , but onely man that falleth , and Sathan . A resemblance of this truth we may see in a staffe : which if a man shall take and set vpright vpon the ground , so long as he holds it with his hand , it stands vpright ; but so soone as he withdrawes his hand , though he neuer push it downe , it fals of it selfe . In this desertion was the good King Hezekiah , of whom the holy Ghost speaketh thus . a Hezekiah prospered in all his waies , therefore dealing with the Ambassadours of the Princes of Babel , which sent to him to inquire of the wonder which was done in the Land. God left him ( namely , to the pride of his heart to exalt himselfe ) in tempting him : that he might trie out all that was in his heart . To this place appertaine , Noahs drunkennesse , Dauids adulterie , Peters deniall of Christ. The reason of such desertions may be this . If a patient shall be grieuously sicke , the Physition will vse all manner of meanes that can be deuised to recouer him , and if he once come to a desperate case , the physition rather then he will not restore him , will imploy all his skill ; he will take poyson , and so temper it , and against the nature thereof he will make a soueraigne remedie to recouer health . The elect children of God , are diseased with an inward , hidden , and spirituall pride ; whereby they affect themselues , and desire to be something in themselue● fo●●h of Christ : and this sinne is very dangerous : first , because when other sinnes die in a man , this secret pride gets strength : for Gods grace is the matter of pride , in such wise , that a man will be proud , because he is not proude : for example , if any shall be tempted of the diuell to some proud behauiour , and by Gods grace get the victorie ; then the heart thus thinketh , Oh thou hast done well , thou hast foiled the enemie , neither pride , nor any other sinne can preuaile against thee : such and such could neuer haue done so : and a very good man shall hardly be free from such kind of motions in this life . Secondly , there is no greater enemie to faith then pride is : for it poysoneth the heart , and maketh it vncapable of that grace , so long as it beareth any sway , for he that will beleeue in Christ , must be annihilated , that is , he must be brused and battered to a flat nothing , in regard of any liking or affection to himselfe , that he may in spirit mount vp to heauen , where Christ sits at the right hand of the Father , and as it were with both the hands of faith graspe him with all his blessed merits , that he may be b wisedome , righteousnesse , sanctification , redemption , life , good workes , and whatsoeuer good thing he is , neither in , nor by , nor for himselfe ; but euery way forth of himselfe in Christ. Now , this blessed condition of a beleeuing heart , by naturall selfe-loue & selfe-liking is greatly hindered . God therefore in great mercy to remedie this dangerous corruption , lets his elect seruants fal into trouble of minde & conscience , & if they happily be of greater hardnesse of heart into some actuall sin : & so declaring his wonderfull mercy in sauing them , he is faine against his mercy to bring them to his mercy , and by sin to saue them from sin . By this means the Lord , who can bring light out of darknesse , makes a remedy of sin to slay pride , that inuisible mōster of many heads , which would slay the soule . Though this be so , yet none must hereupon venter to cōmit any sin against Gods commandemēts , least in so doing they cast away their soules . For the godly man , though he fal into sin , yet it is against his purpose , and it makes his hart to bleed : & the course of his life shall be alwaies vpright and pleasing vnto God : because he is led by the spirit of God. The ends for which God vseth desertions are three , the first is the chastisement of sins past in the former part of mans life , that he may search them out , cōsider them , & he hear●ily sorrowfull for them : for this end was Iobs triall . Thou writest ( saith he ) bitter things against me , and makest me to possesse the sinnes of my youth . The second end is , that God may make triall of the present estate of his seruants : not that he is ignorant what is in man ; but because he would haue all men know themselues . To this effect saith Moses , And thou shalt remember all the way which the Lord thy God lead thee in the wildernesse for to humble thee and to prooue thee , to know what was in thine heart , whether thou wouldest keepe his commandements or no. This also was the end why the Lord left Ezechias , to prooue and trie what was in his heart . The triall by desertion serueth for two purposes : for other whiles the Lord vseth it for the manifestation of some hidden sinne , that the godly may be deepelier humbled , and ●raue more earnestly the pardon of that and other sins . For as the beggar is alwaies mending and peecing his garment , where he findes a breach : so the penitent & beleeuing hart must alwaies be exercised in repairing it selfe where it findes a want . Againe , oft times this triall serues to quicken and reuiue the hidden graces of the heart , that men may be thankfull for them , and feele an increase of them in the heart . The good husbād man cuts the braunches of the Vine , not that he hath a purpose to destroy thē , but to make them beare more fruit . In the Canticles whē Christ left his spouse , then she riseth out of her bed , she opens the dore , her hands drop myrrhe on the barre of the doore : then further she seekes and cals for him , and praiseth him more then euer before . Dauid testifieth the like of himselfe : In my prosperitie I said , I shall neuer be mooued , &c. but thou didst hide thy face & I was troubled . Thē cried I to thee , O Lord , & prayed to my Lord. Lastly , men that liue in the Church , being for a time left of God , become so impenitēt as that they must be giuen vp to Satan : yet for no other cause , but that the flesh may be killed , and the spirit made aliue in the day of the Lord. The third end is the preuenting of sin to come . This appeareth in Paul. Least ( saith he ) I should be exalted out of measure through the aboundance of reuelations , there was giuen vnto me a pricke in the flesh , the messenger of Sathan to buffet me , because I should not be exalted out of measure . In the former times when the Lord among many other had set out Cra●●er for the maintenance of his blessed truth against his & Gods enemies , he left him for a while to fall from his religion , & to make a dangerous recantation : but so as therby he preuented many sins , and prepared him to a glorious martyrdome . As some of his owne words may testifie which he spake a little before his ende : And now ( saith he ) I come to the great thing that so much troubleth my conscience more then any thing that euer I did or said in all my life , & that is the setting abroad of a writing contrary to the truth : which now here I renounce as things written with my hand contrary to the truth which I thought in my heart , & that for feare of death , & to saue my life , &c. And for as much as my hand offended writing contrary to my heart , my hand shall be first punished therfore : for may I come to the fire , it shall be first burned . Answerably , whē he was at the fire , first he burnt his right hand which subscribed ; his body suffered the flame with such constancie and steadfastnes as he neuer almost mooued : his eyes lift vp to heauen , often he repeated his vnworthie right hand . Thus , death which he most feared , he most desired , that he might take reuenge of himselfe for his sinne . The vse that all good Christian hearts are to make of these desertions , is manifold . First if they haue outward rest and walke in the feare of God , and be filled with the ioy of the holy Ghost , let them not be high minded , but feare , least a forsaking follow . Secondly , if in any temptation they iudge themselues forsaken , let them cōsider this wonderfull worke of spirituall desertions , which God exerciseth vpon his owne childrē very vsually : & then it may please the Lord , they shal find it to be restoratiue against many a quame and swound of spirit & conscience , into which otherwise they would certainly fall . Thirdly , seeing God for their triall doth often withdraw himselfe from them , let them again draw neere to God , & presse vnto him , euen as a man that shiuers of an ague is always creeping to the fire . If it be demanded , how a man should come neere G O D , the answer is , by the vse of his word and praier . For by his word he speakes to thee , & by prayer thou speakest to him . Lastly , seeing by desertions God will take experience of his seruants , let euery man tri● and search his waies , and euer b● turning his feete to the waies of Gods comm●ndements : let him indeuour to keepe a good conscience before God and before all men , that so he may with Dauid say , Iudge me , O Lord , for I haue walked in mine innocencie : my trust hath beene alwaies in the Lord : I shall not s●ide : prooue me , O Lord , and trie me , examine my raines and my heart . Vers. 9. Wherewithall shall a young man redresse his waies ? in taking heede thereto according to thy word . FIrst of all be perswaded that the word of God is that onely rule whereby the whole life of euerie man , and that in euerie thing must be ordered , euen the life of a young man , who hath most reasons for himselfe , why hee should bee excused as he is most disordered . Vers. 10. With mine whole heart haue I sought thee : let mee not wander from thy commaundements . THen vpon this perswasion giue your selfe vnfainedly to the reading and heating of God his word , as the meanes whereby God hath appointed to teach you , and pray to God in the carefull vse of those meanes for his holy spirit , that thereby you might come to the true vnderstanding of his word . Vers. 11. I haue hid thy promise in mine heart , that I might not sinne against thee . THat which you haue thus learned , let it not onely swimme aloft in your braine ▪ but let it be deeply setled and grauen in your heart as a treasure , labouring to frame all your affections according to it : otherwise if thou knowe ne●er so much , it will notkeepe you from sinning against God. Vers. 12. Blessed art thou , O Lord : teach me thy statutes . YOu thus profiting , giue thankes to God alwaies for that which you haue learned , be it neuer so little , it is more than many in the world doe know : yet content not yourselfe with it , as though you had sufficient , but pray vnto him to be further inlightned , because it is lesse than many other doe , and yourselfe ought to know . Vers. 13. With my lips haue I declared all the iudgements of thy mouth . BVt aboue all be careful to talke of that to others , which you do daily learne yourselfe , and out of the abundance of your heart speake of good things vnto men . Vers. 14. I haue had as great delight in the way of thy testimonies , as in all riches . THat you may doe all these things , labour to haue a ioy in the word , and in all the exercises of it more than in any worldly thing , and to be occupied in these things with greatest delight : for in what soeuer we take greatest delight , that will stick fastest in vs. Vers. 15. I will meditate in thy precepts , and consider thy waies . LAst of all , meditate and consider of that with yourselfe which you haue learned , and muse vpon it alone , not contenting yourselfe with the generall rules : but labouring in your conscience to make the vse of them profitable to yourselfe in the particular practise thereof . Vers. 16. I will delight in thy statutes , and I will not forget thy word . THus doing all these things carefully , you shall surely neuer forget that which you learne : for though you doe not remember euery thing , yet God wil by his spirit cal so much especially into your remēbrance , as is needful for you to know , & thē especīally when you haue most neede of it , as in the houre of death , and in the day of temptation : but as you faile in all , or in any of these , so may you feare to faile in the truth of them . Nicolas Bownde D. of diuinitie , Preacher of Gods word at Norton in Suffolke . PORTION . 3. GIMEL . Vers. 17. Be beneficiall vnto thy seruant , that I may liue and keepe thy word . THe Prophet desireth life , where he teacheth why mē should desire to liue , that is , that they might keepe Gods word : for life is common to them with beasts and plants : and yet all desire to liue , some for one ende , some for another : but Gods child maketh this the end , that hee might keepe Gods word . And in that he ioyneth these together , hee signifieth that his life without it , is no life , as in the 4. part , vers . 11. where he counteth himselfe dead , vnlesse he finde a readines to obey Gods will. A widow liuing in pleasure , is dead whilest she liueth , and this is to be vnderstood of all that liue in any sinne . And this if all they considered which are not ioyned to Christ , it would amaze them : for though this appeare not now , yet at the last day it shall appeare . This cannot be perswaded to the carnall man , but to vs that haue the knowledge of God , it ought to be certaine : and we must trie our hearts whether this be our desire to liue , that we may keepe Gods word . Many men doe speake this , and sing this ; yet fewe in heart doe this : therefore if we be thus minded , wee must shewe it by referring all our doings to Gods glory , which we shall then do , when we measure all our doings by the word . Therefore Paul ( Rom. 4. and Phil 2. ) desireth not life , but that he may be ioyned to Christ. All other religion is of no effect , till this principall end be in our hearts ; for no man can haue two ends of his life , as to come to preferment , and to be saued : but this must be onely the end , that we might be ioyned to Christ. He desireth not to know , but to keepe , which presupposeth knowledge : wee are here then prouoked to practise , and not to rest in knowledge , but to labour to doe that we know . And this is the cause why they of the olde Testament desired longer life , that they might finish that onely which they had to doe , at such time as they felt some signes of Gods displeasure , and had not sufficiently tasted of Gods fauour : so we , if we cannot finde assurance of the forgiuenes of sinnes , then let vs desire to liue : but when we are come to this , that with Paul we can say , I haue finished my course with ioy , then will the children of God be readie to dye . Many there be that haue neither care of life nor death : and although they feele and see signes of Gods displeasure , yet they are not moued : but the children of God knowe , that it is better to be a liuing dogge , than a dead lyon . And seeing by their euill life they haue dishonoured God , they would be ioyfull to purchase some praise to him by their holy conuersation . He knoweth his great vnhabilitie to doe good , and therefore desireth it of God. It is not in our choyse to doe good or cuill , for then this prayer had been in vaine : hee knew that this was not in him to keepe Gods word ; and therefore in the next verse he desireth that his eyes might be opened : wher he acknowledgeth , that he had not so much as the knowledge of Gods word in himselfe ; therefore he was far from yeelding such obedience therevnto as the Lord requireth . He desireth now to vnderstand , which goeth before practise , and is lesser than it , and yet it is the meanes to come to practise . And if we cannot vnderstand it without special grace , then much lesse can we practise it . Many of vs in iudgement doe hate Papists , yet in practise we are such , seeing wee doe many things without prayer , and the knowledge of Gods word . Knowledge goeth before practise , and therefore many in vaine doe say that they keepe the word , when they labour not to know it . Vers. 18. Open mine eyes , that I may see the wonders of thy Law. IN the former verse hee shewed that hee could not keepe the word without Gods grace , now he sheweth that he cannot know it vnlesse the Lord open our eyes , this is the want that is in all men , but flesh and blood shall not reueale this , and Paul saith , that it was hid from the Princes of the world , which must serue to humble all flesh , and to stirre vs vp to pray to the Lord when we come to reade it , otherwise wee shall reade and not vnderstand it , because wonderfull things are contained therein : therefore when wee see the wonderfulnes of this law , this is one degree of profiting , because the ignorant thinke they haue knowledge enough . Dauid well instructed in the word , yet made this prayer ▪ to teach vs that wee must goe daily forward , for we know but by degrees , and ignorance is mixed therewith , therefore many continuing long , fall in the end away , which may teach vs to pray that he would not leade vs into this temptation , that we should thinke we haue knowledge enough . This is the cause why many fal into errors , because that they resting in that , which they haue conceiued in their owne braine , and haue heard or learned of others , & in the meane while neuer looking to bee taught by Gods spirit : when they see their teachers fall away , then doe they fall away also , because their ground is gone . So many therefore as loue to abide stedfast in the truth , and neuer to be remoued there from , let them neuer rest , neither in that they conceiue of themselues , neither in the wordes and doctrine of men ; but let them alwaies by prayer craue that the Lord by his spirit may instruct them : & this if they doe , the Lord will not turne them away emptie , but will so season their hearts by his spirit , that though a thousand fall away on the one side , and ten thousand on the other , yet shall they continue stedfast to the end . The cause why we haue so great need to pray , is set downe , when hee calleth the things contained in the word , wonders . And surely if iniquitie be a mysterie , as the Apostle calleth it , then much more is the law of God. Yet so it is not vnto al , for the Prophet in this Psalme saith , that the very entrance into Gods word giueth light to the simple . And Psal. 88. when hee had called the word parables , hee saith , that fathers must teach them to their children : and we know that the things which fathers must teach to their children , ought to be verie easie and plaine . The word then is said to be ful of mysteries or parables to all those , whose eyes the Lord hath not inlightned , and whose hearts he hath not touched by his spirite . But as for them who are beloued of God , & whom the Lord bestoweth his spirit vpon for their direction , those haue an easie entrance into his word , and they do behold the mysteries of the law . Therfore saith Christ vnto his Apostles , To you it is giuen to know these things , but to the other are all things spoken in parables . Then it is for good cause that the Prophet desireth to behold these mysteries : yet hee restraineth his desire , and desireth to know no other mysteries than are contained in the word . Many would gladly desire mysteries , and many flie to reuelations ; yet they will not bee kept within the bounds of Gods word , but wil needes follow the speculations of their own fantasies , of this sort is the Family of loue . But we must desire with this man of God to behold mysteries , and keepe our selues within the compasse of the word , euer crauing for the good spirit of God to enlighten our hearts in the true vnderstanding thereof : that we neuer bee like the carnall Protestant , which resteth in the outward word , neuer crauing for Gods spirit , to helpe their vnderstanding therein ; neither yet like the phantasticall Familie of loue , which followeth reuelation , and illumination without the word . Vers. 19. I am a stranger vpon earth : hide not thy commandements from me . I Am a stranger vpon earth : He setteth downe another reason why he would be instructed in the law of the Lord , because he is but here a stranger , that is , that he had not here any long abiding place , but continued here for a while . And this doe all the men of God professe , Heb. 11. vers . 14. that they looked for another citie : and therefore God was not ashamed to be called their God : so in another place Dauid saith , I am a stranger as all my fathers were . If this were the affliction of Gods childrē in times past , it must be in vs now , if we with them will be partakers of the same promises in the kingdome of heauen . We see then where we must make the beginning of all godlines and good religion , euen in denying this world , and acknowledging our selues to bee but pilgrimes in the same . When a sonne is sent beyond the seas to learn the tongues , &c. and hath his time appointed him how long hee hath to tarrie , the consideration of that time , if he be any thing toward , will moue him to take paines , that when he returneth home , hee may please his father : So let vs then often set our times before vs , let vs in time learne knowledge , and apply our hearts speedily thereto . Againe , if we be strangers , we haue fewe friends and many enemies , and therefore it standeth vs in hand to bee carefull of the lawe of God , which may teach vs that good path , in which if wee walke , we shall well please God , and so be guarded and defended against our enemies . We haue our own corruption to striue with , the vanities of the world , the euill examples of wicked men to prouoke vs to doe the like , their malitious practises against vs , and the great enemie of mankinde the diuell : and with principalities and powers in heauenly things . If wee doe well and wisely consider of these enemies , wee shall soone see what neede we haue to be instructed in the law of God , that wee may bee able to resist them . Hide not thy Commandements from me . The Prophet beholding these enemies , craueth of the Lord that he would not hide his commandements from him . This hiding doth the Prophet oppose to that inlightning which hee spake of before : as our Sauiour Christ doth , when he saith , I thanke thee O Father , that thou hast hid these things from the wise , and reuealed them vnto babes : where is signified , that vnlesse the Lord doe reueale his law vnto vs , he is said to hide it : for it is hidden from vs , and we cannot attaine vnto the knowledge of it , vnlesse he make it knowne vnto vs. Vers. 20. Mine heart breaketh for the desire to thy iudgements alway . THe Prophet sheweth the vehemencie of his desire , when he saith , that his soule fainteth for the desire thereof . So in another place he saith , that his heart pan●●t , and that his soule cleaueth to the dust ; & many such complaints the man of God maketh , whē he seeth the Lord withdrawing his spirit from him , that he cannot so clearely see into Gods word : as contrariwise he sheweth his ioy , that in heart hee conceiueth , when the Lord by his spirit doth open his sight , that he can feele some comfort thereby , when he saith , How sweete are thy precepts vnto my mouth ? Oh , how loue I thy Law ? &c. Many men , being not acquainted with this practise of the Prophet , doe thinke that it is some melancholike humour , &c. when they see Gods children suddenly sorrowfull , or suddenly full of reioycing : but those that haue experience of these things doe know , that the griefe sitteth neere their heart , when they cannot feele comfort in Gods word : and that then they are most comforted , when the eyes of their mindes are most inlightned . For seeing that our nourishment and life is in the Word , we ought continually to fetch nourishment from thence , by meditating therein . Therfore many are on a sudden cast into great sadnesse and heauinesse of heart , and yet they know not for what cause ; whereas this no doubt is one among the rest : because they vse not to meditate in Gods word , therefore by this meanes would the Lord driue them to his word , that there they might find comfort , and so for euer after haue the word in greater estimation , and bestow greater diligence thereupon . By iudgements here is meant the whole word of God , whether it be promises or threatnings ; wherein the Lord ●heweth himselfe to bee as good as his word , in performing and bringing to passe that which he hath spoken . This desire which the Prophet had to Gods Commaundements , it was not for a start , and soone done , but it was continually : wherein he sheweth a plaine difference , betweene a true desire , and that which hath no truth in it : for there is not the wickedest man that liueth , but he may for a time seeme to haue very good things in him , and at a start the most wicked will make a shew of very good desires ; but all this is like a morning clowde , and soone vanisheth away : therefore if wee will haue our desire to be true , let vs also labour that it be continuall . Vers. 21. Thou hast destroyed the proud : cursed are they that doe erre from thy commaundements . THe Prophet doth not let passe Gods iudgements without profit , but meditateth vpon them , that thereby he may bee kept in greater obedience : because the Lord hath in former times executed his iudgements , he will shew himselfe righteous still : and therefore the Prophet gathereth , that though the wicked bee not all presently punished , yet they are all accursed , and in time they shall be punished . By erring hee meaneth not euery slip , but the falling away from God. Vers. 22. Remoue from me shame and contempt : for I haue kept thy testimonies . IN this confidence , that the Lord will destroy the wicked ; hee assured himselfe that hee would defend him against those , that set themselues against him . The iudgements of God then haue these two effects : first , to humble him : secondly , to comfort him : as portion 7. and 15 so that he feareth when his heart is broken ; hee also loueth when he receiueth hope of helpe , in confidence whereof he maketh this prayer . The vse of Gods iudgements vpon others , must we make to ourselues ; first , that we be brought to acknowledge our deserts , and so feare , and to behold his iustice , that we may haue assurance of mercy . This is hard to flesh and blood , for some can be brought to reioyce at the destruction of others , and cannot feare : some , when they are feared cannot receiue comfort . But those which God hath ioyned together , let vs not seperate : therefore let vs make these vses of Gods iudgements . His prayer is this , Lord let not mine enemies which pursue an euill cause , let them not haue their desire , in bringing mee to contempt , least whiles I labour to keepe thy Law , and ●m become contemptible , thy Lawe also should receiue some blot . First , here we see that it is no strange thing , that they which keepe Gods Cōmandements , should be standred : and therfore we must reforme our iudgement , which is ready to condemne those , of whom they heare an euill report . Secondly , seeing hee prayeth against contempt , he sheweth that contempt is the greatest crosse that can come to the childrē of God : for many could loose their goods , which yet would be grieued for the losse of their name ; hee here prayeth so , not onely because of that naturall cause which hee had , but chiefely because his name was ioyned with the glory of God. All the punishmtēs of Christ did not so much grieue him , as whē he was reproched : therfore the diuel chiefely goeth about this , that when this cōmeth to passe , that all speake euill of vs , we might doubt whether our cause were good or no , & so fal away : therfore the Prophet prayeth thus earnestly against it . When we are brought to contempt for our deserts , we ought not otherwise to be grieued , than that God is dishonoured ; but when hee shall by this meanes bring vs to the knowledge of our sinnes , then shall wee bee content to shame ourselues , because thereby we shall glorifie God. Vers. 23 , Princes also did sit , and speake against mee : but thy seruant did meditate in thy statutes . HE was thus abused euen by Princes , & these did speak against him euē in iudgement , whither he was drawne as a malefactor ; therefore he praieth thus earnestly against it . We must then prepare ourselues for euill words , not only of the cōmon sort , but also of the chiefest . Dauid had cōfort in Gods statutes . When we are thus dealt with rightfully , then let vs be humbled : but if in a good cause we be thus dealt with , then let vs take heed , for the diuel wil goe about , either to make vs vse vnlawfull shifts & meanes , as to reuenge , to lie , or to contend by our owne wit and policie , and to flatter , and confesse that to bee a fault which is none : or els altogether to despaire of helpe , or to be carelesse of our calling , and to cast it off , that thereby he may haue more aduantage ; for he will make vs wearie of wel doing by trouble , therfore many are ouercome thereby . The helpe against al these is Gods word , for that will assure vs that our cause is good , and that God will helpe vs therein . Vers. 24. Also thy testimonies are my delight , and my counsellours . BY this meanes had hee help by the Word , by making it his delight and counsellour : for this the diuell in trouble will goe about ▪ to bring men to their wittes end ; or else to breake their hearts , and make them faint , and a wounded spirit who can beare ? He put not away craft with craft , but made the commadements his counsellours , whereby hee first learned wisdome , & then good meanes to withstand the wicked . Hereby then we shall not onely haue wisedome but also comfort : we are not come yet to be called afore Princes , yet who so will liue godly in Christ , shall haue troubles , though not alwaies in goods , nor life , nor banishment , yet in reproch and contempt , euen from thy wife , thy seruants , thy children , thy neighbours , &c. The word teacheth , that reproch is not without cause : for when the wayes of a mā please the Lord , the righteous shal be his friend , & the beasts of the field shall be at league with vs : therefore there is some sin in vs which the Lord by this meanes would correct ; then let vs first looke to that , and then seeke to the word , that there we may find comfort & wisdome to sustaine vs. For this is the cause that we are without comfort in our trouble , because we meditate not in his statutes , & make them our counsellors . If thou be Gods child and despisest lighter troubles , hee will send greater , till he haue broken thy heart : but if thou belong not to God , the curse shal be hid from thee , & thou shalt be eaten vp before thou be aware . Thou must not striue with the diuels weapons , as to requits euill for euill ; for fire is not quenched with fire , but with water : euill is not ouercome with euill , but with good ; and therefore rough speeches must be ouercome with gentle : and euer when thou art vncourteously dealt with , then consider thine owne sinnes , and labour to feele them , and thy heart shall be brought downe : for then shalt thou be brought to the presence of God who wil not suffer thee to be honoured , because thou hast not honoured , him , &c. yet consider that he doth but fatherly correct thee , and therefore put thy trust in him . Marke what wisdome he hath giuen to his children in the like troubles , and then goe to him by prayer , and lay open thy selfe to him with hope and faith , and thou shalt haue comfort . But if when the tentation commeth , we cannot come to the word , and to prayer , that thereby we may finde comfort , we haue not laid vp the word in our heart , though we can say it all by heart ; therefore wee must turne a new leafe , and learne after to lay vp the word in our heart . PORTION . 4. DALETH . Vers. 25. My soule cleaueth to the dust : quicken me according to thy word . THe comfort and wisedome which he had , was by vicissitude , and change , sometime comfort , sometime sorrowe : so Gods children finde this change both into ioye and sorrowe ; those know this that haue experience of it , others knowe it not . Here then is a mirrour of Gods children ; the worldly minded men would alwayes keepe one tenour and neuer bee moued : but the children of God doe thus change ; they cannot finde this wisedome and comfort at the first , but then , when they are brought lowe . Many , when they heare a promise , thinke to haue it by and by ; but they ma●ke not , that a promise and the fruition of it is not all at once ; for the lawe will make them fit before they enioy it . This causeth many to fall from the promises , which seemed to beleeue , because they haue not helpe at * the first : but the children of God melte and cleaue to the dust , and yet trust in God and waite on him , and then feele comfort● others in the beginning of trouble pray , and waite a little , but if helpe come not quickly , then cast they all away . But the child of God hath a patient spirit , and therefore feeleth comfort , when the hasty minded man wanteth not his woe . He marketh the deliuerance of others , and hopeth for the same , and so waiteth still on God. Hee was as good as dead , and saw no helpe but the word . The nature of man is readie to trust in meanes , so long as hee hath them ; therefore God pulleth all meanes from vs that we may onely trust in him . Let vs thinke that God hath deliuered others , and therefore hee will deliuer vs. ¶ Vers. 26. I haue declared my wayes , &c. VEers . 59. He considereth his wayes , that is his inward imperfections , & outward aberrations from the straite , and st●eight wayes of God : and here he is not ashamed to declare them ; that is , to acknowledge and confesse , that all this came vpon him because hee was forgetfull to do● Gods will. My soule claue vnto the dus● , because I claue not to thee . I haue declared my wayes of wickednes , teach thou me the wayes of rigt●eousnesse . I haue declared my wayes ▪ ) Our wayes are our sinnes , or rather that course which we followe in sinning , wee ought with the Prophet to declare them , that is , wee must deale with our sinnes , as the iudge dealeth with malefactors . 1 , Apprehende . 2 , A●ra●g●● . 3 , Condemne our selues as guiltie before God For he that hideth his 〈◊〉 sh●k not pr●●p●r , Pro● . 28. 13. See what declarations , or rather declamations the Saints m●●e against themselues , 2. Sam. 12. Psal. 32. & 51. Neh. 9. 33. 34 35. Da● . 9 5 6. 7 8. 9 10. It were good for vs in our life time to keepe a register of all our sinnes , to recount them often before God , that hauing from him our est●ere ●ere , wee may not hereafter bee called to an account ▪ Men carefully looke how they stand in the world , but are carelesse to see how they stand before God : and therefore may iustly haue the statutes of bancke-rupts sued against them . And thou heardest me ) This is the benefit that commeth vnto vs , vpon the vnfained confession of our sinnes . He that confesseth and forsaketh them , shall fin●e mercie . Prou. 28. 13. Vncouer thou , God will couer : declare thou , God will heare . In the seate of Iustice vpon earth , we say open confession , open confusion , here it is farre otherwise . 1. Ioh. 1. 9. And thou heardest me . ) God heareth our prayers two wayes : first in mercie , when he granteth the requests of such as call vpon him in the feare of his name . Secondly hee heares mens prayers in his wrath . Thus he gaue the Israelites quayles at their desire . Psal. 78. 29. 30. 31. and Hos. 13 , 10. 11. Thus men often times curse themselues , and others , yea their children & ca●tell , and accordingly they haue their wish . Dauid was not euer heard at the first : neither are we ouer heard at the first . It pleaseth God to deale with vs as with the woman of Canaan . Matth. 15. 24. 1. To proue vs by delay : 2. To exercise our faith : 3. That we may acknowledge from whom we haue receiued that which we praied for : 4. That wee might more esteeme of the graces giuen by importunitie : 5. To whet on our desires after such things as we pray for : and 6 , that others may learne that , he that beleeueth will not make hast , Isay 28. 16 Nay it pleaseth God oftētimes not to heare vs at all . 1 ▪ Because we thē know not to aske as we ought , Matth. 20. 22. 2. Because wee aske amisse , Iames 4. 3. 3. Because they are not good for vs 2. Cor. 12. 7. But because the Prophet saith , thou heardest me : after what māner doth God heare the prayers of his seruāts ? Answer : 1. By graunting the thing which was asked according to his wil. 2 , By denying the thing desired , & by giuing something proportionable vnto it . We aske temporall , he giues spirituall blessings : we aske deliuerance : he giues patience . The Cup was not remoued at Christs prayer : his manhood was inabled to beare Gods wrath . The pricke in the flesh was not taken from Paul , but he heard this voyce : My Grace is sufficient for thee . Teach me thy statutes . ) This often repetition of this one thing in this Psalme , argueth , 1 ▪ The necessitie of this knowledge . 2 , The desire he had to obtaine it . 3 , That such repetitions are not then friuolous when they proceed from a sound heart , a zealous affection , and a consideration of the necessitie of the thing prayed for . 4 , That such as haue most light , haue little in respect of that they should haue : 5. As couetous men thinke they haue neuer gold enough , so christian men should thinke they haue neuer knowledge enough . ¶ Vers. 27. Make me to vnderstand the way of thy precepts , and I will meditate in thy wonderous workes . HE goeth on in his former petition , and considering that euerie man is a beast in his owne vnderstanding , like the owle that cannot beholde the sunne , and the Mole that wanteth sight ; hee desireth that God would partly by his spirit , partly by his ministers , partly by afflictions , partly by studie and labor , make him to haue a right and sounde vnderstanding , not onely of his statutes , but of the w●y of his statutes , that is , after what sort and order he may liue and direct his life , according to those things which God hath commaunded him in his Lawe . Learne heere first , how hard a thing it is for man ouerweening himselfe in his owne wisedome , to knowe Gods will , till God make vs to knowe ; wee are fooles , and slowe of heart to belieue all that is written in the Worde , till CHRIST open our eyes . Luke , 24. wee say with N●c●demus , how can these things be ? Iohn , 3. Secondly , it is not enough to vnderstand the Word , but to knowe the waye to walke in it , that by it wee may be directed what to doe , when , where , and how wee ought to performe euery action . And I will meditate ] or as some reade , speake of it , as if he should say , if thou teach me , I by thy grace shall teach others : and surely to what ende doth God giue knowledge , but that wee should be carefull to edifie others by it . Wee may not desire this knowledge onely to know , this is foolish curiositie : or to be knowne , this is vanitie : or to gaine by , this is couetousnes : but to edifie our selues , this is wisdome : and to edifie others , this is charitie . The woman of Samaria had no sooner a knowledge of Christ , Iohn 4 but thee runnes into the Cittie , leau●s her pitcher , and saith : Come , see a man that hath told me all that I haue done , Is not he the Christ ? Am I my brothers keeper , was Kayns speech , Gem4 . But he that belieueth in me saith Christ , out of his belly shal flow riuers of the water of life , ●o●● . I will m●dit●●e ] Three things saith Luther make a good diuine , Prayer , affliction , meditation : this last is as the chewing of the cud , which we reade of in L●●●t●cus . Meditation without reading is often erroneous ; reading without meditation , makes a barren student . In thy wonderous workes . ] Or wonders , that is , either of those wonderfull things that are contained in thy law , as verse , 19. of this Psalme , and verse , 129 ▪ which being high and hidden mysteries , did cause him to haue them in admiration and reuerence : or of those wonderfull workes which God before had done in the world , and daylie did amongst the sonnes of men , and which ought to be had in perpetuall remembrance . Note we first first , that Gods word is wonderfull , because it containeth in it such things as transcende the reach of mans capacitie , and without illumination from aboue , cannot be vnderstood by the wisest in the world . But especially , if we consider the power of this Word , in that it is that immortall seede , by which we are begotten againe , that sincere ●ilke , by which wee are nourished : that siluer Trumpet , by which wee are awakened : that Christ all glasse , in which wee may behold what manner of persons we are : and that mighti● arme of GOD , by which we are corrected for sinne , and protected from sinne : we must needes say , that this Word is wonderfull . Giue mee a man as lasciuious as a Goate , as rau●●●●● as a Wolfe , as couetous as Hell , as prosu●e euery way as the prodigall sonne ; if this Word assisted by Gods spirite seize vpon his soule , it will chaunge him as if hee were a newe man : and to say as one once did to his wanton louer , it is not I. Now as for the workes of God , whether wee looke vpon them in the creation or preseruation of them , they are euery way wonderfull . Dauid could not looke vpon them , but hee cryeth out , Psal : 8. O Lorde how wonderfull are thy workes throughout the worlde ? And Psal. 139. But considering the frame of his owne bodie , he saith : I will praise thee O Lorde , for I am wonderfully and fearefully made . ¶ Vers. 28. My soule melteth for he●●ines , raise me vp according vnto th● Word . ME thinks I see Dauid here resolued into teares , and pouring them out at his cies , as at ● well with two buckets , by reason that the hand of God was heauy vpon him . Hee can find no comfort but in the word of God , & therefore he , to be raised vp by it , be taketh himselfe to this ciaculatory prayer . He thought it not enough to say , My soule cleaueth to the dust : vers . 25. but here wil he adde , that it melted for heauines . The spirit of a man may beare his infirmities , but a woūded spirit who can beare ? saith the wise man ; Prou. 18 14 There is much in this booke concerning afflicted consciences , & therefore I need not to adde much . In all those sorrowes which the soule hath , arising from the consideration of Gods wrath for sinne ; the first consolation is from the word of God , in which is promised grace , and forgiuenes of our sinnes . Thus it will quicken , and comfort vs in trouble , and assure vs of this haruest , that though we sowe in teares , we shall reape inioy . But because wee can neither apprehend nor apply this word , further then wee receiue grace from God , wee must with Dauid pray to the Lord , that hee would so guide vs that wee wander not , vphold vs that we fall not , confirme vs that wee funt not , encourage vs that wee despaire not , and quicken vs , that wee dye not . This verse requires rather the meditation of a penitent conuert , then the Exposition of a learned Diuine : as for the wicked they vnderstand not what is here written . Though the righteous fall , hee shall not bee cast off : for the Lord putteth vnder his hand . Psal. 37. 24. ¶ Vers. 29. Take from mee the way of lying , and graunt mee graciously thy lawe . AS before hee prayed to vnderstand the way of Gods precepts , so here hee would bee kept from the way of lying , and because they whom God ▪ keepeth , are best kept : he therefore continues his prayer to God , desiring so to bee instructed by his word , that his minde being purged from all vanitie , he may be taught to obey Gods word . The way of lying is that which the Prophet calleth vaine inuentions , Vers. 113. falshood , Vers. 163. the way of the wicked , Psal. 1. Our owne wayes , Ezech. 18. In a word the Prophet here desireth to be confirmed by God against all corruptions in doctrine , and disorder of conuersation , which Sathan by his wittie and wilie instruments doth seeke to set abroach in the world . These are called the way of lying , 1. Because they are inuented by Sathan the father of lies , 2. They are countenanced by mans witte , the store-house of lyes , 3. They seeme to bee that which they are not , which is , of the nature of lyes , 4. They are contrary to God and his truth , the discouerers of lyes . This way of lying before sinne came into the world , it was a way so vnknowne to man , that indeede it was as a desert wildernesse , in the which neuer any foote had tro●e : but now it is so broade and wide a way , that the most in the world walke in it . The heathen by his Idols , the Turke by his Alcoran , the Iesuite by his newe Gospell , the Lutheran by his Contransubstantiation , the Protestant by his denying the power of godlinesse , the Schismatike by his pretenced puritie haue walked so along in this way , that the way of trueth they will not knowe . Wee haue wrangled so long about trueth in religion , that as hee could not finde Rome , in Rome : so wee cannot finde Religion , in Religion . And wee haue cloaked so long trueth in conuersation , that true dealing is banished from the sonnes of men , hee that will vse it must dye a begger . Hijs diebus iam peractis , nulla sides est in factis : m●l in ore , verba lactis , fel in corde fraus in factis . Helpe Lord for good and godly men doe perish and decay , And faith and truth from mortall men is banisht quite away . Had we not neede then with this holy Prophet to hate al vaine inuentions , but to pray most earnestly with him to the Lord , that he will take from vs this lying way , and to teach vs that good and olde way , in which if we walke all the dayes of our life , we shall in the end finde rest to our soules ? when as they that trust in lying vanities , doe forsake their owne mercie , Ionah : 2. 10. And graunt me graciously thy word . ) He boasteth not on his owne merits , but desireth all for Gods goodnes : and till it please God to make vs rest in his word , and in that alone , we shall be carried about with euery blast of new doctrine , runne a whoring after our own inuentions , and neuer be guided in any good way . ¶ Vers. 30. I haue chosen the way of truth : and thy iudgements haue I layde before mee . THough the Prophet prayed in the former verse against the way of falshood and lying , yet it seemeth that by the spirit of God hee had made choyce of a good way , for here hee protesteth that for his part hee had chosen the way of trueth , and laide before himselfe the waye of Gods iudgements . God layde before him two wayes , the one straite , the other wide : the one of life , the other of death : the one of lying , the other of truth : which doth hee choose ? the waye of trueth : that is that path which leadeth to trueth and wel-doing , and in one word to him , who is the way , the truth , and the life . But how comes it that hee makes this choyce ? is it in the power of his free-will ? nothing lesse , no man can come vnlesse he be drawn : walke , vnlesse he be directed : runne , vnlesse he bee enlarged , or choose this waye , vnlesse hee bee guided by the worke of Gods spirit , without which we can doe nothing . I haue chosen : ) why then should not wee chuse it ? surely hee maketh this confession , both to stirre vp others by his example , and to testifie his resolution , that though hee were in danger for this choyce , and had fewe companions , yet hee for his part would neuer seeke out any other way : as Ios. 24. 15. Ioh. 6. 67. 68. 69. The way of truth : ) thus he st●leth the word of God , which alone shewes man the waye by which hee may walke safely , and vprightlie . But before a man can bee set in this way , hee hath many seducements offered vnto him , to drawe him into by ▪ paths . It seemeth that Dauid ouercame them all , & made Gods word that Ari●dnes threed , by which he passed through all sorts of Labyrinths . If wee intend to make choyce of any other waye , doubt not but we shall haue counsellors enough ; but this is the waye , chuse it . And thy iudgements haue I laide before me . ) 1. Thy word according to which thou wilt pronounce sentence , that haue I saide before mee , it is euer in my sight , it is my counsellor , my comforter , my guide and gouernour . O happie Dauid if thou hadst euer done so , then hadst thou not fallen either by pride of heart in numbring the people , or vncleanesse of life with the spouse of Vriah . Hence springs all impietie that we laye not GODS iudgements before vs. ¶ Vers. 31. I haue cleaued to thy testimonies , O Lord confound me no● IF euer good man had occasion by crosses to forsake his profession , and hold of pietie , Dauid had : neuer was man more beloued of God , yet neuer was man so molested by men , remember his troubles and his truth will appeare . Did hee now forsake his standing : abandon his generall : or start aside like a broken bowe ? no he did not . In the Lord was his delight , in Gods word was his comfort . He did cleaue so fast vnto the word of God , in which his will is testified to man , that no trouble could make him to forgoe his hold . Mee thinkes I may bring in heere Paul speaking as Dauid doth . Who shall seperate vs from the loue of Christ ? shall tribulation , or anguish , or persecution , or famine , or naked ●●sse , or perill , or sworde ? As it is written , for thy sake are we killed all the day long : wee are counted as sheepe for the slaughter . Neuerthelesse in all these things we are more then conquerers through him th●t loued vs. For I am perswaded that neither death , nor life , nor angels , nor principalities , nor powers , nor things present , nor things to come : Nor height , nor depth , nor any other creature shall b●e able to seperate vs from the loue of GOD which is in CHRIST IESVS our LORDE . Rom. 8. 35. &c. Confounde mee not . ) If I cleaue not to thy testimonies , thou wilt confounde mee , as all they are who start aside from thee : if I cleaue vnto thy testimonies , men will confounde mee , O LORDE suffer mee not to bee confounded by them , or to doe that whereby I may be ashamed , either before thee or before any man. Thus Dauid fearing that by daily accidents , his faith and profession might be shaken , and he should in the ende become a scorne to his enemies ( as who more scorned then the most godly ) desireth that he might haue , as he had trusted ▪ such good successe , that vpon none occasion , that hold which he had laide vpon Gods word , might be taken from him . Where we see it is the custome of the wicked to put most shame vpon them , who desire to sticke most fast vnto God , and to serue him with greatest sinceritie : this is the great griefe of Gods Saints , that they are thus confounded for well doing ; let them goe on , as Dauid did , let them pray as Dauid here doth , in the ende they shall either see the confusion of their enemies , or else reioyce in consolation of a good conscience , that they are hated without a cause . ¶ Verse . 32. I will runne the waies of thy commaundements , when thou shalt enlarge mine heart . THis last verse is a golden verse , in which he sheweth principally with what speede and cheerfulnesse he will serue God. But because this race celestiall cannot be vndertaken vnlesse we know Christ , and in him the remission of sinnes , which alone knowledge doth enlarge the heart , drawing it out of the dolors ▪ of death , and perfuming it with a new ioy , by which it resteth quieted in the Lord , therefore , as before he desired to be quickened and cheerēd according to Gods word , so heere he promiseth , that he will most cheerfully goe on in the waies of Gods statutes , where it shall please the Lord to set his heart at libertie by taking away from him the feare of his displeasure purchased by sinne , and the furie of his enemies of whom he was in danger . I will runne &c. ) it is a metaphor borrowed from runners in a race , who questionles doe runne with speede . Such an one was Ahimaaz 2. Sam. 18. who out●an Chushi to bring Dauid tydings of Absolons death : And Iohn , who did ouerrunne Peter to the sepulcher . Iohn . 20. 4. Dauid will imitate these runners , he will make hast , and delay no time to keepe Gods righteous iudgements . So would Paul himselfe Philip. 3. 13. I forget that which is behinde , and I endeuor myselfe to that which is before : And followe hard towards the marke , for the price of the high calling of God in Christ Iesus . And to this race he exhorteth the Corinthians . 1. Epistle . 9. Chapter . Verse . 2. So runne that ye may obtaine . Now in this race , some creepe on , as inceptors in Christianitie ; others walke on as proficients in Christianitie ; a fewe runne on as absolute christians in the race . First , Euery christian is the runner , Secondly they begin to runne after iustificatiō by faith in Christ , & Regeneration . Before which the shackles of sin hinder their running . Thirdly , the ende of this race is the ende of their life . Fourthly the race it selfe is the way of Gods statutes . Fiftly the place for these runners is this present world : for in the world to come we neede not to runne , we shall then receiue the ende of our faith , which is the saluation of our soules . Sixtly the marke at which they ayme is Iesus Christ , that they may perfectly knowe , loue , and possesse him : and therefore this race is nothing else but a continuall and most ardent desire , studie , and endeuour to profit in the knowledge , faith , loue , incorporation , and possession of Christ. Seuenthly . The price appointed for such as runne well , is eternall life with Christ in heauen . Eightly this race hath in it these degrees , maturè , properè , rectè , constanter . First , maturè , begin betime : Secondly properé make hast : Thirdly recté , keepe on right . Fourthly constanter , continue to the ende . All which that we may performe , we must resolue : First , that we haue neuer runne farre enough : for this were to dreame of an Anabaptisticall perfection . Secōdly we must euer ayme at our marke which is Christ Iesus . Thirdly , we must forget our ground behinde vs , and all those steps we haue troden in it . Fourthly , we must euer endeuour to that which is before vs. Fiftly we must cast off all impediments in this race . Sixtly and lastly let vs consider that when we haue runne heere as fast as we can , yet is our reward and crowne in heauen ; and this will make vs to runne on still . When thou shalt enlarge mine heart ) Some thinke that the Prophet straitned because of his enemies , meaneth that if God should graunt him victorie ouer them , then his feete should be as hindes feete , to runne on in the aboue named way : But it is probable he speaketh of that griefe he had , at the consideration of Gods wrath for sinne : and indeed such sorrowes doe so drawe together the heart , that they make a man not onely slowe to doe good , but that he cannot moue a foote in this way : but if God remoue them , and quiet the conscience : Rom. 5 ▪ 1. we are so readie and fit to euery good worke , that we will not onely walke in these paths , but with great alacritie runne on in the same . Nothing can stay vs , when that sorrowe is taken from vs , no , not contempt , imprisonment , or losse of life . THE 5. PORTION . ¶ Verse . 33. Teach me ô Lord the way of thy statutes , and I will keepe it vnto the ende . I obserue that in this one octonarie , which is not to be found in any of the rest , namely , that in euery seuerall verse there is a seuerall prayer . In the first whereof he prayeth to be taught , and then promiseth to take that which God shall teach him . He had before resolued to runne in this way , but he felt forthwith his owne naturall aberrations , and therefore commeth to this guide to be taught . Teach me O Lord ) As the Eunuch in the Acts desires Philip to teach him , and a schollet in the schoole his maister to teach him , or a stranger in his iourney some guyde to teach him : so Dauid heere desires God to teach him . It seemes this way is hard to be found by any man , and worthie to be found out by all men , in which Dauid so often desires to be directed . He was no doubt a guide to the blinde , an instruct●r of the ignorant , and a learned scholler in the schoole of Christ , but fearing all his owne wayes , and hungring after greater knowledge , which is as the principall wheele of a clocke to the rest , he still be●aketh himselfe vnto prayer . Why then shall we thinke that if he haue once gotten a gli●pse of Gods glory reuealed in his word , a sma●ch of that knowledge manifested in his will , a tast of that sweetnes which is in his Lawe , or some vnderstanding of that way which leadeth to life , we haue enough , and are of our selues able t● behold that glorie , apprehend that knowledge , relish that sweetnes , or runne on in that way ? O let vs rather say as Dauid doth , Teach me ô Lord. Thus the faithfull , after God hath liberally bestowed on them great graces , ought alwaies to walke in feare and humilitie , knowing that they are subiect to many temptations , which they are neuer able to resist , vnles he that hath begunne his good worke in them , doe make them to continue in the same . And I will keepe it vnto the ende ) It is not enough to begin well , but we must goe on : this is the comeplement of true pietie , righteousnesse : Is our garment , it must be like Iosephs partie coloured coate , downe to the heeles : not like that of Dauids Ambassadors cut off in the middest . It is the Christians sacrifice , and God requires not onely the head , that is the beginning , but also the tayle , that is the ending of this sacrifice . Remember Lots wife ; let vs reade that historie , least we our selues become an historie . ¶ Verse . 34. Giue me vnderstanding , and I will keepe thy Law ; yea I will keepe it with my whole heart . Giue me vnderstanding &c. ) We thinke that wisedome is only found amongst the politicians of this world , & that he who can prouide for himselfe , preuent his enemie , circumuent his friend , and see furthest into the affayres of this world , he is the man , yea the onely wise man. But Dauid here thinks that true wisedome is in vnderstanding and keeping the Lawe of God. Moses thought so Deutr. 6. Salomon thought so , Prou. 1. 6. Iob thought so , chapt . 28. 28. and hee that is not of this minde , shall one day be enforced to say , Alas I haue reiected the word of the Lord , and what wisedome is in me ? Isa. 8. If any one therefore doe want this true wisedome , let him as Dauid doth , and Iames exhorteth all to doe , aske it of him who giueth liberally to all men , and vpbraydeth none . Iames. 1. 6. And I will keepe it with my whole heart , ) As he promised before p●●seuerance , so he promiseth sinceritie . The heart is the Christian sacrifice : the fountaine of all both good and euill actions : and the principall gift which God beggeth at our hands , My sonne giue me thy heart . It was once ●● saying of the Bishop of Rome , when he would giue licence to our English Catholiques , to come vnto our Churches , and so be present at our prayers , Fili da mihi cor tuum , & s●●ssicit , Sonne giue me thine heart and it sufficeth : but he hath retracted this his teleration , now he will haue all , or nothing . Our God is not like their God , our aduersaries being iudges . He indeed requireth the heart , because if we bestow it on him , we will forthwith giue him all the rest . Let vs not thinke that any seruice pleaseth God , but that which proceedeth out of an honest hart , a good conscience , and faith vnfained . ¶ Verse . 35. Direct me in the path of thy commandements ▪ for therein is my delight . STill Dauid sees the necessitie of walking in Gods way , and his owne pronenes to runne out of that way : therefore he desires direction from the Lord : that as he had giuen him a desire , so he would enable him to performe . Questionles we are of our selues readie enough like vnbrideled horses in the wayes of this world , to runne our selues euen out of breath , and we haue many occasions heere to spurre vs on : onely the Lord can keepe vs in this path : therefore must wee pray for his direction : which if we once obtaine , wee shall not wander either in iudgement or practise out of the right path . For therein is my delight . ) I take pleasure in nothing more then hauing a right vnderstanding of the Lawe , to performe obedience to thee according to the same . Of this delight we shall speake verse . 92. In the meane time note that Dauid in this was a type of Christ , to whom it was meate and drinke to doe the will of his Father which sent him . Ioh. 5. ¶ Verse . 36. Incline mine heart vnto thy testimonies , and not vnto couetousnes . IN the 3. former verses are three petitions concerning Gods way : In the first he desireth instruction , teach me : in the second apprehension , giue me vnderstanding : in the third , direction , direct me . But because , he sawe many stumbling blocks in this way , some offered to his heart as couetousnes , others to his eyes as vanitie , in this and the next verse he desireth the remouall of them both . Incline mine heart to thy testimonies : ) Who now can thinke that mans heart can of it owne accord be carried on to knowledge of Gods will reuealed in his word , and of it selfe practise the same , when he shall but consider this prayer of Dauid , who though he was a man according to Gods owne heart , yet durst not presume vpon his owne heart , with this gracious inclination from the Lord. The most excellent wits that euer haue beene , or shal be , will proue in the ende great instruments of Sathan , and false witnesses against these testimonies of God , vnlesse it please him to refine them by his spirit , and incline their hearts to his testimonies . And not vnto couetousnes ) I take it that praying against this one sinne , he prayeth against all other sinnes , as pride , malice , Luxurie , lust , &c. But this one is heere named , because , as the Apostle saith , it is the roote of all euill . For as there is no braunch of a tree , but it is nourished by the roote , no streame of a riuer , but hath his currant from the spring , & no veyne in the body , but hath his blood from the liuer : so is there no one sinne , no , not the life of man , which ha●● not life and liuelihood from this one sinne . 1. It is as ( I may say ) the ●other sinne , breeding , and bringing vp all the rest . Like mother , like daughters , all bad : but couetousnes is the worst of all . Yet I know not how it commeth to passe , that men are now a daies called good men , not of their goodnes , but of their goods : he is the best man that hath the best purse , monie is the man , yea the whole man. From the peeres to the pesant , all are enamoured with Ladie Lucre. But why should they be so ? is wealth any thing else but thicke clay ? is it not a part of that refined earth , which man ought to treade vnder his feete ? when in the infancie of the Church , possessions were sold , the money was laid at the Apostles feete , Acts. 4. to signifie ( as some thinke ) that we must rather trample vpon and contemne this trash , then to haue ouer great admiration of it ▪ Alas ! why should we labour so after things temporall , that they hinder vs from getting things eternall ? what will it profit a man to get the whole world , and in the end loose his owne soule ? shall we preferre monie before God ? before heauen ? before our owne soules ? can it giue satisfaction to vs ? No it cannot . Mans heart indeede is so little of it selfe , that it will scant giue a kite her breakefast , yet is the desire thereof so infinite that the whole world cannot satisfie it . Are we the better because we are rich ? no more then the horse is for his gaye trappings . Can we carrie them away with vs ? nay we brought nothing into this world , and it is certaine we shall carrie nothing out . The sumpter horse may carrie all the day treasure on his backe , but at night it is taken from him , and he carrieth nothing into the stable , but often times a galled backe by reason of his burden . Dauid saith , if riches encrease set not your heart vpon them . Salomon saith , he that trusteth in his riches shall fall . Christ saith , it is harder for a rich man to enter into heauen then for a camell to goe through a needles eye . Paul saith , they that will be rich fall into many temptations and snares : and therefore chargeth Timothie to charge rich men that they trust not in vncertaine riches . I say then with our Sauiour Christ , take heede and beware of couetousnes , and that you may pray euer with this blessed Prophet , Incline mine heart to thy statutes , and not vnto couetousnesse . ¶ Verse . 37. Turne away mine eyes from regarding vanitie , and quicken me in thy way . HEre he prayeth against the vanitie of the eye , which in truth is a vanitie of vanities . Thus Vanitie seduced Heuah , entangled Gods children , corrupted Dinah , endangered Sarah , enchaunted Dauid , allured Achan , and by these windowes many sinnes enter into the soule . Reade in this booke that godly chapter of the gouernement of the eyes , and in an other booke the vanitie of the eye , and with Iob make a couenant with your eyes , and with Dauid pray , turne away mine eyes &c. and you shall looke better all the dayes of your life . It were better to haue none eye , then either a wanton , or a wicked eye . If such an eye offend thee , pluck it out . And quicken me in thy way ) he considers his owne deadnes and dulnes of spirit , and he desires God to quicken him in his way , this pronoune thy is very emphaticall , opposing Gods way to mans way . The Lord is righteous in all his wayes , Psal. 1. 45. 18. all the waies of God are mercie and truth . Psal. 25. The waies of men are altogether vanitie , and leade to death and destruction . Onely this way giueth sound comfort to the soule of man. Truth it is , that the wayes of men are pleasant for a time , but the issues thereof are the wayes of death . The wayes of God are difficult and dangerous , but at the last they will bring thee to heauen . ¶ Vers. 38. Stablish thy promise to thy seruant , because be feareth thee . WHat doth the Prophet in this verse ? hee confesseth himselfe to be Gods seruant . An honorable seruice it is to serue God : an argumēt of his humilitie to acknowledge this seruitude . Hee desireth that God will make good his promise vnto him , and this is all that hee will desire ▪ God had promised that hee would make him King , that hee would deliuer him from his enemies , that hee would guide him , and quicken him in his way , by prayer he desireth the accomplishment of this promise . Out of this learne we , that as Dauid prayeth for nothing but that which God had promised to graunt , so wee ought to pray for nothing but that which he hath promised to graunt . If we thus aske according to his will , he will heare our prayers , and graunt our requests . But God promiseth nothing but to his seruants : he heareth not sinners , the prayer of the wicked is an abomination to the Lord. Because he feareth thee ) And who would not feare thee O King of Nations ? for to thee apper●●in●th the dominion : for among all the wise men of the Gentiles , and in all their kingdomes there is none like thee . I●r . 10. 7. Some reade these wordes thus , that hee may feare thee , as if hee should haue saide , O Lord thou hast promised to bee good vnto mee , I beseech thee establish this promise of thine , that I fearing thee , may trust in thee , and preferre thee before all earthly meanes in this world . And indeede , the true feare of God breedeth an holy securitie in the children of God. Others thinke that the Prophet by this doth proue , that hee is indeede the true seruant of the Lord , because his conscience telleth him , that hee feareth God aboue all earthly things , which in truth is a true note of a true seruant of the liuing God. But none must thinke that Dauid here doth alledge his owne merits , but onely doth testifie that hee is not an vnfaithfull seruant , because the feare of the LORD was euer before his eyes , his seruice was not eye-seruice . Of the feare of GOD you may reade much in this booke . ¶ Vers. 39. Take away from mee rebuke which I feare , for thy iudgements are good . Blessed is the man that feareth alwayes , saith Salomon : Pr●u . 28. Worke out your saluation with feare and trembling , saith Paul , Philip. 2. 12. Take away from mee rebuke which I feare , saith Dauid . In the Hebrew it is , take away my rebuke : as if hee should haue saide , O Lord I may commit some such euill against thy good law , yea some such notorious transgression , as may tend to my shame : I beseech thee take it away ▪ or else , I haue alreadie , O Lord by diuers sinnes , and by name through adultery and murther brought shame and rebuke vpon my selfe amongst mē , I entreate thee to remoue this shame and rebuke . Out of the first Exposition wee learne . First , that the godly are subiect vnto notorious sinnes . Secondly , that those sins wil cause shame in them , though the wicked wil not be ashamed . Thirdly , that God onely can take away this shame . Fourthly , that we may pray for the remouing of shame euē amōgst mē , especially that which may bring with it some dishonour to God. Fiftly , that the godly are most iealous ouer themselues . Sixtly , the way to auoide sinne , is euer to bee afraide , least wee should sinne . Out of the second Exposition note , that the remembrance of our former sinnes , must drawe out of vs prayers vnto God , that for them wee may not bee rebuked in displeasure in this life , nor confounded and abashed in the life to come . But some doe yet make another interpretation of these wordes , and thinke that the Prophet heere praieth not onely against those priuate contumelies and reproches which were cast out against him , because hee followed that which was good ( though to an heroicall minde , any thing can bee better borne then reproch ) but especially against those publique reproches which the aduersaries of the Church , obseruing the destruction of Gods lawe , and oppressions of Gods people , doe foame out against God himselfe , and say where is now their God. These Dauid feared : and because they were ioyned with the dishonour of God , and hurt of the Church hee prayeth against them . Thus the Prophet feared least God should bee dishonoured , so ought wee : thus hee was grieued when Gods people were oppressed , so ought wee : thus hee made the rebukes of others his rebuke , so ought we : and thus hee prayed that this might be taken away , so ought wee . For thy iudgements are good ▪ ) The iudgements of the wicked are badde iudgements , but the iudgements of God are good : I pray against those , I appeale to these : I feare the one , I approue the other . Now the iudgements which God pronounceth in his word , be they threatnings in the law , or consolations in the Gospell , yea and those also which he executeth in the world , whether vpon the godly or godlesse , they must needes be good , 1. Because God is goodnesse it selfe . 2 , Hee cannot be deceiued . 3 , He will not be corrupted . 4 , Hee alone is no respecter of persons , but iudgeth according to euery mans worke . To this iudgement seate we may appeale : this righteous iudgement we must acknowledge ; by this court if we be once tried , we may say with the Apostle . I passe not of mans iudgement , for he that iudgeth me is the Lord. What auaileth it if man absolue , and God condemne : or if God condemne , and man absolue . Let them contemne the vnrighteous iudgements of men , who can in the testimonie of a good conscience approue themselues and all their actions before the righteous iudgement of God. Shall not the iudge of the whole world doe righteously ? Genes . 18. ¶ Vers. 40. Behold , I desire thy commaundements , quicken me in thy righteousnesse . AS before he saide , that Gods iudgements are good , so now hee maketh his appeale to this iudge : and it is in effect thus much . O Lord my Lord , doe any doubt whether I desire thy commandements or not ? I appeale vnto that eye of thine that seeth all things , behold I desire . &c. I desire to knowe them , and I desire to obey them , yea with an earnest and ardent affection , I desire both to knowe and doe thy will. Behold , I find this word vsed these seuerall wayes , 1. As a note of prediction , Isay. 7. 2. Of attention , Psal. 133. 3. Of admiration , Matth. 2. 4. Of admonition , Iohn : 5 14. 5. Of irrision , Ioh : 18. 6. Of testification , as in this and other places in which they desire God to behold that , which they are most willing he should be witnesse of . If God say to man behold , it argues the thing is worth seeing , and that man of himselfe is vnwilling to see it : if man say to God behold , it seemes it is a thing not hypocr●tically counterseyte , and that hee would haue him to behold it . I desire thy commaundements . ) O that this desire were in the people of this land : then the booke of God would be more in their hands , the knowledge of God would bee more in their hearts , and the practise of godlinesse more in their liues . They would come to learne , learne to liue , and liue so here , that they might liue euer hereafter : men would not make a shewe of godlinesse , and denye the power of it in their liues ; but earnestly desire that the good worke begunne by the Lord , it might in due time bee accomplished by them . Quicken me in thy righteousnes . ) He said before quicken me in thy word , here in thy righteousnes : all is one : for the word of God , is the righteousnes of God , in which is set down the rule of righteousnes . In this the Prophet desires to be quickened , that is , to be confirmed , that in cheerefulnes and gladnes of spirit hee might relye vpon the word of God. If any by righteousnes vnderstand that iustice of God , by which hee defendeth such as commit themselues to him , I gainesay it not . VAV . THE 6. PORTION . ¶ Vers. 41. And let thy louing kindnes come vnto me O Lord : and thy saluation according to thy promise . HE goeth on yet in his prayer , and here beggeth of God two things . First mercie , secondly saluation , and both because God had promised them . No maruell if hee desire Gods louing kindnesse . For thy louing kindnesse saith hee is better then life : it were better to be in hel with Gods fauour , then in heauē without it . Mans sauour is mutable , Gods immutable : mans temporary , Gods eternall : mans of desert , Gods free : mans respecteth somewhat in man , Gods beholdeth man in Christ. This wee must desire aboue all earthly things . And thy saluation . ) First mercie , and then saluation , the one is the cause , the other the effect . By saluation , he meaneth , ayde , deliuerance , victorie , and eternall life : this he calleth Gods saluation , because it commeth onely from him . According to thy promise . ) This is ●● which hee ●uer chargeth God with all : it is an easie matter to trust God on his word , in presperitie , 〈◊〉 that can doe so in aduersitie , hee is the man indeede . But what benefit shalt thou haue Dauid , if God bee a mercifull Sauiour vnto thee ? &c. ¶ Vers. 42. So shall I make answere to my blasphemers , for I trust in thy word . MAny aduersaries had this holy Prophet , they came about him like bees , they layde to his charge things which hee neuer did , and especially because hee made his boast of God , and trusted to his word , they oftentimes reproached him for it : and when he was driuen to any extremitie they beganue to say , where is now his God ? Thus became hee the shame of men , and th● contempt of the people . All they that sawe him had him inderision : they made mowes , and nod●ea their heads saying ; Hee trusted in God , let him deliuer him : let him saue him , seeing hee loueth him . Psal. 22. 6. 7. 8. In this hee was a type of our blessed Sauiour who was taunted in the like sort vpon the c●osse . Matth. 27. 39. 40. 41 : 42. 43. What now doth this man of God labour for to confute , and put to silence these his blasphemers ? Surely the performance of Gods louing kindnesse and saluation , the which it pleased him to make promise of . This , if wee pray for in all our troubles , as the propher here doth in his : this if wee staye our selues vpon , as Dauid euer did ; though our enemies hee neuer so many , neuer so mightie , neuer so malitious , wee shall in the ende haue such assured victorie , that wee shall not onely answere our aduersaries ; but they with shame shall answere themselues and say , wee fooles thought his confidence sollie , but now wee see that hee is the Lords beloued , and blessed are they that trust in him ▪ Obserue . 1 , That it is no new thing , for the aduersaries of religiō , to scorne such as trust onely in God , and relie vpon his promises of saluation made vnto thē . These wicked ones knewe no arme , but flesh : no security but in the things of this life : as for such as thinke the name of the Lord to bee the strongest tower , them they haue daily in derision . 2. Not that if we trust in the word of God , we shall be able to answere all our aduersaries , for Christ will giue vs a mouth , and wisedome , whereagainst all our enemies shall not bee able to speake or resist . Luk. 21. 15. Hugo Cardinalis , obserueth that there are three sorts of blasphemers of the godly , the deuils , heretikes and slanderers . The deuill must be answered by the internall word of humilitie : heretiques by the externall word of wisedome , slanderers by the actiue word of good life . Vers. 43. And take not thy word of trueth vtterly out of my mouth : for I waite for thy iudgements . HE might for a while not finde the word of trueth to answere ; yet he prayeth that the word be not vtterly taken from him : so hee saide ▪ ●●●sake me not ouer long : This then sheweth that our case doth alter and change , ebbe & flow , as it pleaseth God , which reproueth them that are alwayes in the same case ; for the children of God haue a other course , and wee must looke to be so our selues . And this is a comfort , when wee feele our selues weake , yet Gods children haue been so ; also it may humble vs , considering that God doth for some sinne lay this vpon vs ; let let vs pray , that we may not be so for euer . For I haue w●●ted , &c. ] This sheweth that we may be so for a while , yet we must wait , til it please him to helpe vs. For thy iudgements : that thou wilt execute iudgement on the wicked , that thy children may obtaine the promises : for then doth the Lord execute iudgements , when he punisheth the wicked as he hath threatned , and when he fulfilleth his promises to his children , giuing them a tong to answere his blasphemers . Vers. 44. So shall I alway keepe thy Law for euer and euer . IF thou wilt deale thus , then shall I keepe thy worde : where hee teacheth , that if God doe daily assist vs , we shall stand ; but if he do not , we shall fal flat . This must teach vs to pray , and that earnestly : and this sheweth perseuerance , contrary to the Papists , which te●●● to doubt of saluation : for the perswasion of Gods goodnes doth assure vs that we shall continue to the ende : and if wee feele our faith weake , and pray with assurance of his goodnesse that he will helpe vs , we may be assured to stand . Vers. 45. And I will walke at libertie : for I seeke thy precepts . HE will walke in the commandements that he may be at libertie , for that is the plaine way , all other are bi●-paths , which hee shall be free from if he sticke to the commandements . For this is the cause that we are troubled and intangled , because we aske not counsell at Gods word , and wholy sticke vnto that : and therefore we fall into some sinne , and be ouercome with some temptation . For the word is a lanterne to direct our steps : without this we shall wander ; but if we tend to this light , wee shall be at libertie . This setteth out the benefit that those haue which enioy the word ; and their miserie that want it . This then requireth , that we be thankfull for Gods word : and reproueth them that hauing the word , yet wander astray , and loue darkenes more than the light , and falshood , heresies and lyes more than the trueth . This is a sin to be punished , when we haue the word , and yet walke not at libertie , and if wee cannot be at libertie when we haue the word , it is sure that we cherish some secret sinne , and doe not search into God word . For that is so full of wisdome , that it will rid vs our of all . Yet the children of God haue their infirmities , out of which they haue good issues . But the ignorance of Gods word is the cause of many troubles ; for though a man were in as great a streight as Abraham was when hee should offer his sonne , yet should he be directed . Then this layeth a straight charge on vs to studie the word of God. Vers. 46. I will speake also of thy testimonies before Kings , and will not be ashamed . IF God will thus assist mee , I will speake euen before the wisest , and stand in the sight of the Kings though it be fearefull . This then will assure vs that we shall neuer fall , if we study , heare , reade , &c. on Gods holy word , and take heede to our wayes according thereto . Then if we desire to stand for euer , let vs meditate on Gods word ; for God hath giuen this not onely to the learned , but also to idiotes . Here wee see that wee neuer rightly profit , till we be not afraide before whomsoeuer wee come : for if wee bee assured that our cause bee good , then may wee be assured that it shall be giuen vs what to answere , and this maketh men afraide when they doubt of their cause . Wee are not afraide to speake to a Gentleman if a Lorde bee with vs : then shall wee not neede to feare a King , when the King of Kings is with vs : as Moses , Hebr : 11. None then haue this gift of bouldnes , but they to whome God giueth it , not the wise , not the mightie of the world . The Word giueth vs what to answere ; then if we faile , it is a signe that wee faile in the Word . But let vs deale earnestly with the Word , and keepe a good conscience , and it shall be giuen vs. This doth againe commend the word of God vnto vs. If wee be not ashamed of him before Kings , we shall be Kings in his Kingdome . Vers. 47. And my delight shall be in thy commandements , which I haue loued . THat he may come to this grace , he will loue the Word , because he delighteth in it , for delight is the signe of loue . Doe wee not then delight in the Word ? wee haue not a loue to it : so of prayer , and hearing the Word , if we delight in it , we will prepare our selues to heare it , and meditate in it afterward ; for hee sheweth his loue when he saith : I will meditate : then , if we will not finde terror of conscience , and fall into many euils , let vs make conscience to call it to minde : For if wee doe take the Name of GOD in vaine , by hearing the Word without meditation ; then the Word being a true witnes , shall be a witnesse against vs in that day : for this meditation is commended , Part. 13. There are set times for hearing , praying , &c : but meditation must euer be with thee , that thou mayest knowe , whether the thing thou doest bee agreeable to his will , and whether thou mayest looke for his blessing in it . ¶ Vers. 48. Mine hands also will I lift vp vnto thy commandements which I haue loued : and I will meditate in thy statutes . IT was not sufficient ( as he thought ) to acquaint GOD with the delight of his heart , vnles he also made manifest vnto him that his outward gesture was answerable to his hart . You shall obserue it euen in little children , that if they desire to haue any thing that they see , they will stretch out their hands that they may get holde , and hauing once gotten it , you shall hardly get it from them againe . And certainly , if the inward man be sound , you shall obserue it by the outward gesture of the bodie . The people were desirous to heare Christs Sermon , their eyes were bent and fixed vpon him , Luk : 4. 6. Dauid would expresse his loue to Gods Arke , he da●nced before the Arke of Gods Couenant . If wee loue Gods Worde , and loue it in truth , our hands will be as ready to turne ouer the leaues of that blessed booke , as our hearts are desirous of the vnderstanding of it , that in this longing desire , taking it into our hands , we may in the ende haue such fast holde of it , that wee will not forgoe it for all the worlde . We cannot employ our hands in a better worke , especially when we haue freedome from our callings , then to take vp the booke of God , and peruse it ouer . Augustine tooke it vp , and was conuerted by that one sentence , Rom : 13. 14. The night is past , the day is at hand , &c. Vrsine tooke it vp and was comforted by this one sentence , None can take them out of my Fathers hands , Iohn , 10 29. Chrysostome tooke it vp , and was assured that in his zeale hee should not want , because Dauid had saide , The earth is the Lords , and all that therein is . Bil●ey tooke it vp , as it is in the booke of Martyrs , and was much quieted by that saying of Saint Paul , This is a true saying , and by all meanes worthie to be receiued , that IESVS CHRIST came into the worlde to saue sinners , of whome I am chiefe . And such was the loue of one Gregorie Crowe , of whom wee may read in the said booke , that suffering shipwracke , hee cast away his money , and kept his Testament in his bosome , and after many dayes floting on the Sea , vpon a maste , being taken vp by a certaine passinger , his first care was for that booke of his , fearing least it should haue bene wet with the Sea. If he had looked for a Crucifixe as hee looked for Gods booke , surely the whole world should haue bene acquainted with it . Doth Dauid thus shew his inward loue by his outward gesture , let vs doe it whensoeuer wee come either to heare God speaking to vs , or will our selues speake vnto God. Let our eyes bee fastened , our eares attentiue , our hearts intent , our persons reuerent before our God , that whatsoeuer wee doe , may argue our pietie to God , and bee answerable to the inward affection of the soule . And I will meditate . ) And why should not wee ? The Iewes are reported to be so skilful in that Bible , that many of thē were able to tell how many times euery letter of the Alphabet was in the Hebrue Bible . The Scriptures are a light shining in a darke place . 2 P●● . 1. 19. we must attend vnto them while we are wandring in the darke places of this world , can wee attend without meditation ? the word of God is the sword of the spirit , Ephes. 6. without meditatiō it is a sword in the hand of a child , or a mad ●●ā . How many take delight in reading of b●llads , and idle discourses , who neuer meditate to the word of God ? The sicke stomacke refu●●th meates , the wicked heart the word of God. Wil the spice smel vnlesse it b● bruised ? and c●n the Scripture be comfortable vnlesse it be meditated ? PORTION . 8. CHETH Vers 49. Remember the promise made to thy seruant . WHen he had said , he would keepe Gods Law , hee then prayed that he might doe it . Secondly , he had the promise for that hee prayed , to teach vs to rule our prayers by Gods word . Thirdly , he sticketh to the promise of the Gospell , not to the law . Fourthly , when he saith , remember , he doth not reproue the Lord of forgetfulnes , but rather prayeth that he himselfe might be kept , that he should not fall . He had not any particular promise , but applied the generall promises to himselfe . This must serue to answere the diuell asking what promises we haue of saluation or forgiuenes of sinnes ; for we haue the promises that are made to the whole Church , which we haue applied to our selues . So did Abraham Genes . 22. the woman of Canaan : Matth. 15. Thy seruant : the promises are made to vs , not that wee should abuse them , but thereby should become his seruants . Wherein thou hast : There is a time betweene the making and the fulfilling of the promise , which God doth to trie whether wee will account of the promise , and sticke vnto it : By this it is manifest that faith & feeling are not all one : but that is faith which without feeling beleeueth : for when feeling is , thē it is an experimētal faith . Vers. 50. It is my comfort in my trouble : for thy promise hath quickned me . WHen he felt sweetnes in it , then he was comforted ; for there is a changeable working in Gods children . He sheweth the nature of faith , which will neither be staied in vaine , nor wicked things ; but all his delight was in the word , where though he felt not full comfort , yet he had so much as staied him . This is contrarie to the men of the world , which in their trouble will either seek delight in va●ne things , or in euil things . This is the nature of faith to feele cōfort then , when they are at the point of death . This shewet● that Gods childrē haue sometime comfort , sometime none . And this is true faith that can comfort vs when all meanes faile , and when we haue them , yet not to stay in them . For a righteous man liueth by faith : & therfore when he feeleth Christ liue in him , in forgiuing his sins , renewing him , & giuing him hope of euerlasting life ; he liueth : but if he cannot feele that , then he is as a dead man. Can we finde comfort & delight in the word , when we cannot finde comfort in any thing else ? this is a notable argumēt of faith . And though we feele drowsines , yet if we can by feare shake it off , & finde sweetnes in the word , this is faith . The word then and prayer are the chiefest comforts in troubles . Cōtrarily when the word feareth vs , because we feele sinne abound in vs ; and because we finde not that taste in the word which we ought ; as that the threatnings feare not , the promises comfort not , &c. If ( I say ) we can then feare , though we haue plentie of all outward things , & there be no outward occasion to feare , this is an argument that we haue faith : but if faith be caried with the time , then it is no faith , but is choked with prosperitie or aduersitie . Vers. 51. The proud haue had me exceedingly in derision : &c. THe Prophet was in great distresse , because of the reproches of the wicked , as Psal. ●● . yet for all this he was staied by Gods law , though their mocks were exceeding great , that is , often , and in grieuous manner . It is no new thing then , that Gods children are had in derision : and it is one of their sorest outward troubles , as we see in our Sauiour Christ , which heard this , he saued others , &c. after which he cried , My God , &c. and this was the last temptation , therefore the greatest . For if this come once into the minde that wee suffer for euill doing , then will there bee no comfort . The Heathen would doe any thing for their countrie ; yet would not lose their praise . And this is the cause why wee see many fall to heresies , because they cannot be in estimatiō as they would . The greatnes of this temptation did not driue him from the law , Psalm . 37. Euery one will bee forward when others will speake well of him : but fewe doe learne here with Dauid to doe well though they bee ill vsed . And this did the diuel espie in the nature of men , therfore he saith of Iob , Hast thou not hedged him about ? &c. Then let vs trie our selues whether such reproches will driue vs from our duties : for if they doe , all is not well : but if thou see they doe not , then take comfort , and know that thou must approoue thy selfe to God , and not to men ; which to doe , is an argument of faith , as in Samuel , 1. Sam. 12. Dauid , though his sinne was not knowne , yet he crieth , Against thee haue I sinned . Then if thou canst be sorrowfull for thy secret sinnes , though men speake neuer so wel of thee , and neither wil , nor can accuse thee , thou hast saith . Thus then briefly reproch and discredit amongst men must not driue vs from well doing : neither must praise and credit among men make vs fauour our selues in our sinnes , or take greater libertie to our selues . He swarued not from God law : but we see , that if wee be mocked , wee will mocke againe ; if we be reuiled , we will reuile againe . But Dauid would not so doe : as wee see by his doings when She●●i cursed ●●m , 2. Sam. 16. These are true notes of repentance , when men can charge themselues more sore than others will : and that they labour to approoue themselues to God , which tri●th the hearts . The proud . Faith maketh humble , but infidelitie maketh proud . Habac. 2. for by faith we know that we haue no goodnes , are full of corruption , disposed to euill , and vnfit to goodnes ; and this humbleth . But they that know not these , are proud , whatsoeuer they seeme to be . Such are those that contemne the threatnings , and will continue in their sinnes . For faith in the commaundement humbleth and throweth vs downe : and faith in the promises doth make vs with feare to waite vpon God , and to bee humbled . They are humble to their brethren , which are humbled to God in their heart : and they that are proude and contemne their brethren , are not humbled in their heart . For if they did see that the Lord had forgiuen infinite sinnes to them , then would they forgiue a few to their brethren . Secondly , if they considered , that whatsoeuer they haue , they haue it for their brethrens profit , then would they be humble to them . Thirdly , if they knewe that there is no difference but by grace , then , &c. Can we not forgiue ? then are we proud . Can wee not deuour iniuries ? then are wee proud . For our owne sinnes being not forgiuen nor cared for , therefore wee cannot forgiue others , nor regard them . Humilitie is a true marke of Gods children , and pride is a note of the wicked . Vers. 52. I remembred thy iudgements of old , O Lord , and haue been comforted . HE sheweth how hee was staied , namely , by looking into the iudgements of God against the wicked , & his deliuerance of the iust . It is not then the good nature of men , the wisedome , &c. that can comfort against reproches , but rather make worse ; but it is the word that comforteth . Thereby hee knewe that howsoeuer the wicked florished , yet they should perish ; and howsoeuer the godly be afflicted , yet they shall be rewarded . Peter speaketh against these mockers in the last chapter of the second epistle , The world shall perish in fire : where he teacheth to answere them , that it is as easie for God to destroy the world with fire , as it was with water , seeing hee hath spoken it . So Dauid , when hee was brought to say , My God why hast thou forsaken mee ? then hee staied himselfe by this , Our fathers trusted in thee . So Psal. 67. I will remember thy workes of old . So Psal. 119. part . 15. by all which he sheweth that as God had done , so he would doe still . He remembred all the iudgements of God : so Heb. 11. by all the works of God shewed in his children , it is prooued that we must suffer affliction patiently . So Psalme 106. Then Gods people must haue a multitude of examples ; that if we profit not by one , yet by another : if no● by a ●ewe , yet by many : for so haue the children of God done from time to time . This then is the cause why men faile in reproch , or any other crosse , because mē haue no● store of examples out of Gods word , especially out of the stories , to strengthen them : for if they would looke into the word , and gather them , they might be staied . If this man were strengthened by former workes , how much more ought we which haue many moe ▪ especially this , Act. 17. that the Sonne of God hath suffered that hee may iudge all the world : so the great workes of God in the Apostles time , the great workes of God in the dayes of Queene Mary ; and in th●se daies the iudgements of God are on many that haue daili●d with his word , in giuing them ouer to heresies : Then how ought we to be comfor●ed with the assurance that God will come to iudgement ? Obiect . This so●meth hard , that hee was comforted in Gods iudgements , whereas in another place ●e s●ith , ● feare because of thy iudgements . Answ. Although they feare the iudgements in their flesh , yet they dare approue them to be Gods iudgements , as Dauid saith , O God of my righteousnes : not comparing them to God , but to the wicked , and looking to that promise which in grace hee hath made to vs ; yet not in all our life , but in some righteous cause that we haue in hand , as Steuen did . Then if men euer feare at the iudgements , and nothing else , the heart is not yet vpright ; for they are sinners : therefore wee must labour to feele comfort by them , in knowing that wee are sheepe , not goates , that we shall haue a reward , and that the wicked shall be throughly punished . For otherwise the diuell will buffet vs , in seeing those that men call wicked , how yet they florish and the godly are in miserie . Then haue wee truly profited by the word , when with comfort wee can behold Gods iudgements , as is often said , Come Lord Iesus , come quickly . For the childe of God is not afraide of ●uill tidings , Psal. 112. Vers. 53. Feare is come vpon me for the wicked , that forsake thy law . THis agreeth well with the former , which was a spirituall ioy : for when hee seeth that the Lord will iudge , and that hee is guiltlesse , he is comforted : but when he seeth the wicked sinne , and by sinne prouoke Gods iudgements , because they are his flesh , and because they are Gods image , therefore hee feared . The zeale of Gods glorie causeth Gods children to feare : as Elias , ●onely , &c. and Dauid , My zeale hath , &c. and their owne sinnes , as Psal. 119. part . 15. Gods children then are afraide when they see the glory of God defaced , and men runne to their own condemnation . And here is a difference betweene true ioy , and worldly in Gods iudgements , Prou. 24. 1. Cor. 5. the one , because their hearts desire is fulfilled : the other , that sin is punished , that Gods glorie is reuenged , and that they are deliuered : for in respect of the parties punished , they feare , as Christ ouer Ierusalem mourned : and this is vsuall in all the Prophets , when they see the iudgements of God approach . Here is a difference betweene the zeale of the worldly , and of the godly : the one when he ●eeth a sin done he laugheth , and reioyceth : but the other feare , as , The rebukes of them that rebuke thee are fallen vpon me . The former is the cause that many fall by Gods iudgement into those things which they find fault with in others . The other is a true note of faith , to feare for the destruction of the wicked , which they themselues feare not . But this is especially , when they see a professor fall , for that grieueth them greatly . The third difference is , that Gods children when they are comforted , they also feare ; for the regenerate part onely is comforted , the vnregenerate part doth still feare ; and there is good cause that it should feare ; as Noah feared , and Dauid , Psal. 119. part 15. but the wicked haue no feare , but are ouercome with fleshly ioy : and therefore the Apostle saith , Phil. 3. Finish your saluation with feare , because of corruption , that either doth or may breake forth : as Dauid was afraide when he had sinned . Wee must then be comforted by Gods iudgements , but so that we feare . Secondly , we must thinke that sinne is not a small thing , not to be laughed at , but to be feared . Thirdly , that wee must bee touched for the sinnes of others , as if they were our owne . Fourthly , to forgiue iniuries against our selues , but to be greatly displeased and vexed for the dishonouring of Gods name . For all these are proper to Gods children . When men take a carnall pleasure in Gods iudgements , they abuse the grace of God to wantonnes : but the children of God , as they ioy in their inward man ; so doe they labour to be humbled by the law in their flesh , which otherwise would be proude : for the flesh would hold no meane , but either would be too sorrowfull , or else too ioyfull . Thus Dauid mourned for the sinnes of others : so Paul saith the Corinthians ought to doe , 1. Cor. 5. and 2. Cor. 7. where he sheweth , that this was the estate of the whole Church , to mourne when any one member had offended . And this is not a new thing : for those are saued which mourned for the iniquities of Sion , Ezech. 9. Then we must be grieued for the sinnes of others , to shew that we are free from their sinnes , that we are louers of righteousnes , and desirous to glorifie God. And when this sorrow can worke in vs a prayer for them that sinne , it will be an argument that we shall be comforted , and shall escape when the iudgement commeth . Then men ought to mourne for their owne sinnes : for if Gods children cannot be discharged , vnlesse they can mourne for the sins of others ; how much lesse shall we be discharged , if we cannot mourne for our owne sinnes ? Vers. 54. Thy statutes haue beene my * songs in the house of my pilgrimage . HE sheweth that he was not enuious against the wicked for their delights ; but taketh a delight in another thing , that is , in praising God , that he might not be intangled with their pleasures . The remedie of sinne , that we fall not into those sinnes which others haue , is to feare least God punish some secret sinne in vs , as he hath done in them : For God doth neuer let vs fall into grosse sinnes , but to punish some other sinne we lie in , which is secret , and we will not come out of , because it is vnknowne . And if wee will not be intangled with the pleasures of the wicked , we must doe as Dauid doth here , so acquaint vs with the word , as that we make our songs of it : that is , that we doe not onely reade , heare , and talke grauely of it , but also make it our songs when we will be merrie , as Paul Coloss. 3. for where there is a delight , there men will euen be singing of it . And hereof come these spirituall songs in the Bible , to shew their great delight in the word . So ( Ephes. 5. ) Paul maketh this a signe , that we are full of the Spirit , when we can sing of them . Here we are taught that our songs ought to be made of the statutes of God , and agreeable to the same , and not after our own will. This we see to be the matter of these Psalmes , the lawes , the promises of God , &c. The talking of godlines maketh worldly men heauie : but the children of God vse all worldly things as though they vsed them not , and then they are heauie when they displease God : but contrà , &c. The want of a spirit in singing , doth shew a great decay in godlines ; and coldnes in this holie exercise argueth a coldnes in faith and true religion . Then if men obiect : Will you not haue men to be merrie ? Yes , but yet with the word , otherwise their mirth is sinne . The want of this sheweth that men do not their duties with cheerfulnes , which thing is threatned in Deut. 28. 47. Vers. 55. I haue remembred thy name , O Lord , in the night , and haue kept thy law . AS in another place , the name of God is a strong tower : to the former meanes he addeth this of prayer , to shew that without this the other are vnprofitable . In the night : First , that is , continually , because in the day also . Secondly , & simply , because he auoided the applause of men . Thirdly , cheerfully , because the heauinesse of natural sleep could not ouercome him . All these shew that he was wholy giuen to the word : as we see men of the world will take some part of the night to their delights . And in that he did keep Gods testimonies in the night , he sheweth , that he was the same in secret , that he was in the light : whereby he condemned all those that will couer their wickednesse with the darke . Let vs examine our selues whether we haue broken our sleepes to call vpon God , as we haue to fulfill our pleasures . All these meanes did the Prophet vse to keepe him from falling by the reproch of the wicked : which we also must vse if we will ouercome it . Vers. 56. This I had because I kept thy precepts . AS God doth punish sinne by sinne ; so doth he reward goodnesse with goodnesse : as that , To him that hath it shall he giuen . Matth. 23. for the Lord crowneth his owne gifts : so that if there be in vs a loue of Gods word , this beginning will God increase and blesse , so that riuers of water shall flow from him , Ioh. 7. and the little lumpe of leauen shall sower the whole . If thou be wicked , God will punish one sinne with another , as in Saul . So Dauid , when he was not thankfull for his sleepe , he fell to adulterie , which was punished with murther . But if we be thankful for that we haue , we shall haue more . This then is the cause that we haue no more mercies , because we vse not them well which we haue : for if we could open our monthes wide , we should be filled , Psal. 81. PORTION . 8. CHETH Vers. 57. O Lord , thou art my portion , I haue determined to keepe thy words . HEre the man of God protesteth that the Lord is his portion ; and he further saith , that he will keepe Gods commandements . All will say that God is their portion , and that their chiefe desire is to be in his fauour : but Dauid seuereth himselfe from others , when he saith , that he will keepe the commandements . And hereby he is assured , that the Lord is his portion , because he maketh his word his chiefe desire . We shall then know that we make God our portion , when we haue this delight to heare the word , &c. and those that haue not a delight in the word , they make not God their portion . The like saying is part 15 vers . 2. Let vs then alwaies examine and trie our hearts to Godward by the word : if we say that he is mercifull , then let vs see if we beleeue his promises : if that he is iust , then that we beleeue his threatnings . Thus if we can set the word aloft , it is a sure argument that we haue made God our portion . Againe , if we can be grieued , when neither promises nor threatnings can affect vs , and we are desirous that they might : this sheweth that we haue a longing desire to haue God our portion . I haue determined . Dauid was fully resolued of this : for he had duly considered all things , and therefore in wisedome made his choise , and hath made a full resolution . Many haue such motions by starts , as the couetous man , the adulterer , &c. but it passeth away , therefore they shew that they haue not made God their portion ; for if they had , then would they haue this resolute purpose . Verse . 58. I made my supplication in thy presence with my whole heart : be mercifull vnto me according to thy promise . HE sheweth by a second argument , that God is his portion , in that he prayeth to God : for that which we loue , we desire to commune and talke with . Then by this we may likewise trie our selues : for if we haue this delight to pray , and if we be sorie when we cannot doe it , then doe we further shew that the Lord is our portion , or else not . Againe , we see that it is not enough to make a determinatio , vnlesse we further pray that the Lord would assist vs in our purpose . This is the cause that we cannot make such determination , nor haue such good purposes , because we are not often in prayer . The diuell will be most busie to tempt , when we haue determined ; and we our selues are readie to be secure : therefore euen then we haue most need to pray . With my whole heart . He sheweth that he is not an hypocrite : And then shall we know that we are not , when our hearts are set before God , and we powre them out before him , as much as we haue vttered in words before men . This maketh the children of God to sigh when they pray , because they haue to doe with God : and this maketh the hypocrites that they cannot see themselues , because they know not that they haue to deale with God. And when the children of God cānot come to shewe their hearts to God , then if they sigh and groane for want of a heart ; this is a testimonie that wee pray in the Spirit , Rom. 8. But when men pray as though they prayed not , and heare as though they heard not : nothing doth the Lord hate more than this . Haue mercie . This is the chiefe of his prayer , and the first , that God would giue him mercie ; not to crowne his worke wrought , contrary to the Papists which pleade merites : for though the Lord doe giue new grace , yet not of merite , for that we haue is defiled by vs , but because he hath a loue to crowne his owne gifts . He doth not pray for mercie of fashion , but euen in the presence of God , because the true feeling of his neede did driue him to make this prayer . For as when wee in the feeling of our heart can long after mercie , this may be a pledge that we shall finde mercie : so they that haue no feeling of their infirmities , cannot long for mercie ; and therefore haue no assurance that they shall haue mercy : for it is the feeling of our miserie that maketh the mercie of God sweete vnto vs. He prayeth not for what he lusteth , but for that the Lord promised : for Saint Iames saith , you pray and haue not , &c. and this is the cause , that wee haue not the thing wee pray for , because we pray not according to the word . His word must be the rule of our prayers , and then shall we receiue : as Salomon prayed and obtained : hee hath promised forgiuenes of sinnes , the knowledge of his word , &c. these if wee haue , let not our hearts bee set on the other . He prayes for the promise , and maketh not a stipulation by the law : for it is the promise that giueth grace : then shall wee here haue comfort if wee can beleeue , because wee haue the couenant of grace , and not of merite . For if wee had but the lawe , the best man must faile and misse , but now it is the promise , of which the worst shall not faile , if they doe beleeue . Obiect . He had some speciall promises . Answ. He had but the generall promises , whereon he grounded these particular . The promises therfore are generally made , that euery one might know that they belong vnto him , and that he might apply them to himselfe ; as here the Prophet doth . Vers. 59. I haue considered my wayes , and turned my feete vnto thy testimonies . HE sheweth how he came to make God his portion , because he had considered the vanities & inconueniences of his wayes , & the mischiefe that they would bring him to . Thus then shall we come to turne our steps to God , by examining our sinfull wayes and the reward of sinne . And because men doe not thus examine themselues , therefore doe they make so small account of the word of God : for if they knew that the gaine of sin bringeth losse , and pleasure bringeth paine , then would they not continue in their sinnes . The like doth Dauid set down , Psal. 4. where he calleth thē to examine thēselues before God , and thus Paul 1. Cor. 5. prouoketh the eloquent Preachers to the iudgemēt of God. This is a new argument to proue God to be his portion : for seeing hee had made God his portion , it behooued him to search if there were any thing in him that might displease God , that then he might auoide it . If we consider that sinne maketh vs ashamed before God , as Adam was , it will make vs leaue sinne , Rom. 6. 22. If wee then will daily consider , whether we may offer them vp in Christ to God , or whether they make vs ashamed , and whether they be to be allowed of men or not , this will make vs more warie . Testimonies . There is no true examination without the word ; for thereby we knowe that sinne bringeth death ; but righteousnesse bringeth peace in this life , and euerlasting ioy afterward ; this ioy made him examine his wayes . Vers. 60. I made haste and delaied not to keepe thy commandements . THis sheweth his care that he had to make God his portion , by this speedie haste he made . All the lets that are in a man , all the corruption of the world , and all the baites of Satan did not stay him ; but the spirit made him with ioy full haste to seeke after God. Paul had lets , and this man had not greater perfection ; yet both of them , speaking of a regenerate man , shew that if we will not nourish occasions , the Spirit will not suffer vs to be ouercome : therefore we may attempt the like haste in trust of his helpe , and we shall finde that we shall be inabled in some measure hereunto . Vers. 61. The bands of the wicked haue robbed me : but I haue not forgotten thy Law. THough the troupes of the wicked band themselues against him , yet he forsaketh not the Lord : & this is a true triall of his loue to the word , that he stood in this affliction . For that loue which continueth to the word in affliction , is true : & he that hath such a loue , hath a true loue . For if when we are ill dealt with , we doe not so againe , but still sticke and continue our loue to the word ; it is an argument that we loue the word , because it is of God , and not for glorie . The children of God in affliction haue beene daunted ; as Iob , &c. and this man , no doubt , felt his flesh : yet here he sheweth that he ouercame it , and staied himselfe in faith of the promises , and continued in obedience . Vers. 62. At midnight will I rise to giue thankes vnto thee , because of thy righteous iudgements . A New argument , because he giueth thankes to God for his iudgements , euen at midnight . Then we must be occupied in setting out the praises of God ; for it is the speciall note of Gods children , for hypocrites for need may pray . The children of God feele great want in this : therefore when our hearts are prepared to giue God thankes , it is a great gift of God. Midnight , sheweth that he was both sincere , and also earnest . Doe we this at noone day ? if not , then we are farre from this : for he vsed this at morning , noone , and euening : so did Daniel . Singing of Psalmes was vsuall after meate , as our Sauiour did . Iudgements . That is , that God tooke vengeance on the wicked , and performed his promises to his children : and this confirmed his faith ; for here he had an experimentall faith . And this if we note the iudgements of God , in that he is the punisher of sinne , and rewarder of goodnes , we shall haue strength against the temptations which shall be offered , to make vs thinke that sinne is not punished , and that it is lost labour to serue God : and of this argument are many of the Psalmes . And this he did at midnight , when all things are most fearefull , and therefore a fit time to examine our selues in feare : and this shewed that his faith was sound , seeing he could now praise God. His subscription to the righteousnes of Gods iudgements , was an argument of his faith , for the nature of flesh is to thinke they are rigorous . Vers. 63. I am companion of all them that feare thee , and keepe thy precepts . TO receiue helpe from them , and to be helpfull vnto them : so Psalme 16. Then if we will make God our portion , we will make much of good men : for if Dauid did this , how much more ought we ? It is an argument of pride to despise the company of others . If thou want knowledge , it is to make thee seeke it of them that haue it : if thou haue more than others , then oughtest thou to bestow it vpon others : so that thou oughtest not , either for the greatnes of thy knowledge , or for the want of knowledge , to withdraw thy selfe from the companie of them that feare the Lord. If he loued good companie , he hated euill men , Pro. 29. for they are abomination one to another : as he saith , I hate them that hate thee . And this is the propertie of a good man , Psalme 15 yet this must not stay vs from doing them good in our callings , as the Magistrate to the subiect , &c. As the euill may be in good mens companie , yet not companions to them ; so may the good be with the euill , and yet not their companions : for we beleeue onely the communion of Saints . That feare . Here is the description of Gods children : first , that they feare God , which is the foundation of all : Prou. 1. and then they that feare God rest not in the iudgement of men , but approue themselues to God , to doe , or to leaue vndone any thing , as it pleaseth or displeaseth God. This feare bringeth foorth obedience : and without this fruite , it is but to boast of feare . And these men are they that we must be companions vnto . Vers 64. The earth , O Lord , is full of thy mercie : teach me thy statutes . THe same thing was in the second verse , yet after another manner . Though the whole earth be full of mercie , yet he desireth onely the statutes of God : and this is the eight argumēt . So he saith , shew me thy fauour , teach me thy statutes , part 9. & 1● . & because he made this the chiefest signe of Gods fauour , to knowe his word , it is an argument that the Lord was his portion . Let vs see how oft wee haue made this petition , and how vaine our petitions are desiring riches , &c. he desired not his kingdome so much as this . He was a Prophet , yet he desireth it : and this is it , the more wee know , the more we must desire to know , and neuer make any stay ▪ He prayeth chiefly for the teaching of the Spirit , without which hee should erre . Hee differeth farre in desire from the men of this world : for they craue many things before knowledge , and if they haue knowledge , they rest therein , and neuer look , nor aske for the teaching of the Spirit . Secondly , he confirmeth himselfe that the Lord will teach him , because his goodnes is ouer all the world : hee letteth his Sunne rise on the euill , how much more will he graunt the good requests of his children ? When we would then pray to receiue , we must remember all Gods goodnes , and wee must desire the teaching of the Spirit , so farre as agreeth with the word , and not desire the reuelation of the Spirit without the word . PORTION . 9. TETH . Vers. 65. O Lord , thou hast dealt gratiously with thy seruant according vnto thy word . HE putteth the Lord in minde of his former mercies , and so comforteth himselfe . For when hee had saide that the Lords goodnes was ouer the earth , and that hee also had found the same , hereby hee comforteth himselfe in that hee shall receiue more . For God is not as man is ; but take we neuer so much from his treasure , there is neuer the lesse : and the more hee giueth , the readier hee is to giue . Hee knewe that Gods gifts are without repentance , and that hee is not wearie of weldoing , but will finish the thing hee hath begunne : and nothing is more forcible to obtaine mercie , than to lay his former mercies before him . Here are two grounds : first , if he dealt with him well , when he was not regenerate , how much more will he now ? and secondly , all the gifts of God shall bee perfectly finished . And here is a difference betweene faith and an accusing conscience : the accusing conscience is afraid to aske more , because it hath abused the former mercies : but faith , assuring vs that all his benefits are tokens of his fauour , bestowed on vs according to his word , is bold to aske more , accusing our selues of our vnworthines , and labouring to come out of our sinnes . When he asked according to Gods word , he made the word a rule of his prayer , which assured him that his prayer should bee heard , we must not then abuse Gods mercies , least they accuse vs : but if wee accuse our selues , then let vs see if they haue been giuen according to Gods word , and then may we aske new . Vers. 66. Teach me good iudgement and knowledge : for I haue beleeued thy commaundements . HE maketh this prayer oft , but we doe not so ; and therefore the vanitie of our prayers is rebuked , which so often aske other things , and so seldome aske this . Hee was the man of God , regenerate , therefore he maketh this spiritual request ; which though carnall men mislike , because they cānot conceiue of the word , yet it is a signe of faith . He maketh this prayer though he beleeued ; because his knowledge was in generals , but his practise in particulars : therefore if God in the particulars did not direct him , he should faile in doing . Hereof commeth it , that the learnedst men are deceiued in particulars , because they rest in their generall knowledge . Example of admonition : we haue generall rules to teach vs to admonish ; but when we come to practise in particulars , then must we either haue the new grace of God , or else we shall faile in the practise . If this man that beleeued prayed thus ; how much more ought they that beleeue not ? And they that beleeue generally , must confesse their blindnesse in particulars : and therefore they should pray for it . Although ignorance be helped , yet it is not altogether cured , therfore haue we need to pray . Secondly , because our knowledge is in generals , but practise is in particulars , and therein must we haue a new assistance : Therefore when wee haue not good successe in our busines , wee must not , as men are wont , lay the fault on this or that ; but wee must see the cause in our selues , who although we haue the generall rule of our doings ; yet faile in the particular practise thereof . I beleeue . He confesseth that all wisedome was in Gods word : and this although we confesse , yet in practise wee often thinke that some wisedome of men must be added thereto . But hee confesseth that all wisedome is in the word , and that it is sufficient to make men perfect . Vers. 67. Before I was afflicted , I went astray : but now I keepe thy word . THis is another reason which moued him to pray , that hee might not be as a horse alwayes beaten ; but teach me that I may preuent these beatings . If I be taught of thee , I misse not ; if I be not , I erre . In prosperitie I could not seeke to be taught , but in affliction drawe me thereunto , so that now I desire to be taught of thee . If prosperitie made this man worse , seeing we are in prosperitie let vs be iealous of our selues , and now seeke for that , which God will bring vs to by affliction , and which will bring affliction vpon vs. If hee will heare when wee humbly crie in affliction ; how much more if wee make our humble suite in our prosperitie ? Afflictions come because we will not iudge our selues ; then it is a blessing to haue the word to iudge vs , and the Preacher to rebuke vs , that our wanton lusts may be corrected . Then wee are fond , if wee will bee wearie of the word , or of daily admonition . If the word helpe in affliction , how much more in prosperitie if we tend thereto ? Whom God loueth , hee correcteth : and wee shall know that God loueth vs when we are corrected , if we be made better by it : for in it selfe it is a punishment of sinne , but when in the death of Christ it is sanctified to vs , so that it maketh vs dye to sinne , and that sinne is loathsome to vs ; then is it a token of Gods fauour . For afflctions are common to all , Eccles. 9. but when we profit by them , then are they good to vs. For if good things become hurtfull , if they bee not sanctified : much more shall afflictions , if they bee not sanctified in the death of Christ , to make vs examine our wayes , and see our sinnes , and to driue vs to Christ. But the wicked are either worse , or no better . Then wee must profit by them , or else we make away for a greater punishment . Vers. 68 Thou art good and grati●us : teach me thy st●tutes . HE desireth to be taught by God , that whether hee were in prosperitie or trouble , hee might liue well ; because prosperitie would make him forgetfull , and affliction would ou●● whelme him , if God did ●ot teach him . This must teach vs , that in what state soeuer we be , we desire to be taught of God , otherwise we shall false . After he had shewed that he keepeth Gods commanden e●ts , he craueth for grace , where he pleadeth not his merit . Though he kept the word , yet he prayeth that he may still be raught , because he kn●w not all , and because he was r●adie to e●●e both in practise and iudgement . And t●●s must teach vs not onely to desire to be taught when we e●●e , but euen when we do● well ▪ Hee pray●th especially for the teaching of the spirit . Vers. 69. The proude haue imagined a lye against mee : but I will keepe thy pr●cepts with my whole heart . HE sheweth another cause why hee would be taught , and that is , hee hath to fight with the world . And wee haue the same causes , as our corruption , and the world . The world loueth none but her owne . And if we were as zealous as others haue beene , wee should be as sore troubled . For they are enuious , and if wee should fight with them with their owne weapons , wee were too weake , and therefore wee haue neede to bee helped of God. Proud. Faith humbleth , and infidelitie maketh proud . Faith humbleth , because it letteth vs see our sinnes , and the punishments thereof , and that we haue no dealing with God but in the mediation of Christ ; and that wee can doe no good , nor auoide euill , but by grace : but when men know not this , then they thinke much of themselues , and therefore are proud . Therefore all ignorant men ▪ all heretikes , and worldlings , are proud . They that are humbled vnder Gods hands , are humble to men : but they that despise God , doe also persecute his seruants . By proude , he here meaneth them that had good gifts : to teach vs , that though wee bee persecuted of them that are in high places , yet this is the manner of Gods people . These first mocked him , part 7. then they did him iniurie , part 8. and here they deuise suttle deuices against him : and this is the continuall practise of the wicked . This is a great temptation , to set a faire face vpon an euill cause , and to deface a good cause ; as is noted by the Hebrue word . This was great grace that he could withstand it . The way is to approue our selues and our cause to God : for if we depend vpon men , then shall wee be amazed . This maketh that true , which is Eccles ▪ 8. that it happeneth to the good as though they were euill , and contra . This is the practise of the Familie of loue , to raise vp euill reports against the cause of true religion , and against the persons , and they preuaile much . This is the practise of men in these daies , to deface the persons by calling them Puritanes , and the cause that it will ouerthrow states . With my heart . The word must haue the whole heart , and not a part : or else we shall not outstand this temptation . He meant that he did throughly meditate ; not that hee did nothing else . For want of this , we see that many being well coloured with the word , yet doe shrinke when euill reports arise . Vers. 70. Their heart is sat as grease : but my delight is in thy law . HE further sheweth the daunger of this temptation : for as they were suttle to deuise wickedly , so were they able to bring their wickednesse to passe . For by this speech he meaneth that they had all things at their owne will , and were through their riches in great authoritie . I delight . He sheweth how hee ouercame this ; by fatting his heart with the word , as the wicked fatted themselues by their riches ; or else he should haue been carried away . Then let vs neuer rest in reading or hearing the word , till wee come to such delight in it , as that we fat our selues with it , as the worldlings doe with their riches . If wee could doe this , then should we easily take our hearts from these earthly things : for this is the cause that men set their delight on earthly things , because they know no better . And that they may finde this delight , it is needfull that they finde comfort in the promises , by the forgiuenes of sinnes , by the assurance of Gods fauorable prouidence in this life , and euerlasting life afterward : which when they feele and finde , then shall the word be so sweete , that they shall forgoe all things for it . Till wee come to this delight , temptations will daunt vs ; but if we once can come to this , that wee can make the word all in all , that is , our glorie , our honour , worship , riches , fame , credit , pleasure , &c. then shall wee bee soone brought to accompt these outward things as nothing ; so that wee may ha●e and enioy the benefit of the word , and the comfort thereof . Vers. 71. It is good for me that I haue been afflicted , that I may learne thy statutes . HE vttereth the same thing that he did before , but hee addeth somewhat thereto . First , he saith , that it was good for him that he had been afflicted : noting the goodnes and mercie of God in taking riches , health , &c. from him , and giuing him affliction which turned to his good . Riches , health , &c. are the good blessings of God ▪ but ●ll manner of affliction , as sicknesse , pouertie , &c. of themselues bee euill , because they are the ●agges of Gods curse , and punishments of sinne . How then can it come to passe , that good things should become euill , and euill things become good ? The good blessings of God , when by our corruption they are abused to wantonnesse are made hurtfull vnto vs , because they make our condemnation greater : but these crosses , when in the crosse of Christ they are sanctified vnto vs , then are they good , for as much as they worke a care in vs to keepe the commaundements . Where he saith it is good that he hath been afflicted and not , that I am afflicted , it agreeth with that which is in the epist. Heb. 12. No affliction is ioyous for the present time : for in pouertie there are no riches , in sicknes no health , &c. wee must not then looke presently when any crosse comes , to say it is good : for this commeth afterward , when we haue been so exercised with it , as that we are more humbled vnder the hand of God , and haue some greater ca●e to please him ; when I say wee haue been thus exercised , then will the crosse bring the quiet fruite of righteousnesse , and then shall we say , it is good for vs that we haue been afflicted . But if we be impatient ; or if the crosse make vs either more carelesse , or no better than we were before , that crosse is but a preparation to another ▪ &c. I will learne , &c. Because there is none but he will vowe and promise amendment , when the hand of God is on him , but the children of God alone reape fruite afterwarde ; therefore in these words doth the Prophet seuer himselfe from the wicked : and whereas he said before that he did keepe the commandements , noting a present fruite of his affliction ; so he now moreouer addeth , that he will keep them , noting that the vse of his trouble should continue with him for euer . Let vs then consider of this , all of vs either at one time or other haue vowed somewhat to the Lord ; let vs see if we be now carefull to keepe and performe it : if we be not , our affliction hath done vs no good , we haue no profit by it . Vers. 72. The law of thy mouth is better vnto me , than thousands of golde and siluer . HEre he noteth one fruite of his affliction , that he was brought to make such account of Gods word , as that hee preferred it to infinite numbers of gold and siluer . And truly if we consider that it is the word of God that sustaineth vs in our trouble , and is our comfort , we cannot then chuse but make much of the word . No number of goods can helpe vs in miserie , and if the word doe that which al other things cannot doe , very meet it is that the word should be preferred to all other things whatsoeuer . PORTION . 10. IOD . Vers. 73. Thine hands haue made me and fashioned me : giue me vnderstanding therefore , that I may learne thy commaundements . HE prayeth still for wisedome and vnderstanding . Those men are beasts , which being in ignorance , loue it better than knowledge , and darkenes better than light : these men must be sent to the beasts to learne , Esa. 1. The Oxe , &c. The heathen say that this is a naturall propertie to desire knowledge . The Lord must teach these men with rods ; for they will not heare the voyce of the charmer , charme , &c. He seeketh knowledge out of the word , to make a difference betweene him , and the heathen , which by their knowledge get nothing but commendation : but our wisedome must be out of the word , Deut. 8. He desireth knowledge that he might practise it ; whereby he condemneth them that seeke knowledge , and care not for practise : and teacheth vs to seeke all knowledge onely to practise it . Seeing he desireth to be taught , he condemneth them that thinke they may come to this knowledge by their owne studie and diligence , without the teaching of the spirit . Dauid so well learned prayed thus earnestly , and shall we be thus cold ? he so much to feele want , and we to be without feeling ? for to be without knowledge , is to be without desire of more , and a little knowledge if men rest in it maketh proud . How goeth it then with them that think they know all things , seeing this man to whom they are inferiours , prayeth thus ? This request was made before , but he addeth a new reason . So in the first part , and second , and third , and fourth ▪ and fifth , and almost in euery part this request is made , and in euery place a new reason to moue the Lord to heare his prayer . He putteth the Lord in minde of his former mercie , that he might obtaine more , and saith he is a creature , euen a man with a soule , and not a beast ; therefore giue knowledge , &c. wherein he confesseth that if the Lord giue not knowledge to him , he were better be a beast : and such are all those that are but onely men : for all the pleasures in this life are not worthy the sorrow in the life to come , Eccles. 11. Therefore if men haue not their reason sanctified by the word in faith and loue to serue God : they are no better than beasts . Seeing God hath giuen reason , he will giue knowledge , with this he is comforted . Obiection . But how can he hereby be comforted , seeing others haue reason also ? Answere . All mercies must be considered in Christ , through whom they are sanctified , and by whom we are sure that the Lord will crowne his owne gifts . Another reason to teach vs when we haue the gifts of God sanctified vnto vs , is , when we are humbled in our selues , and mislike our selues though we haue receiued more than others , for we must thinke our selues vnworthy of them , and desire that God will yet more sanctifie them to vs , and giue vs the right vse of them : then shall we , and we may , lay them before God as an argument to moue him , that he would deale mercifully with vs , and further continue and increase his mercie and good will towards vs ; because hereby we know that in Christ they are sanctified vnto vs. Vers. 74. So they that feare thee , seeing me shall reioyce , because I haue trusted in thy word . HEre is an ende why be desireth knowledge , for that others by my example shall be moued to seeke thee , and shall haue hope that thou also wilt heare them when they crie . This then is a great honour , that we shall not only saue our owne soules , but also be helpes to others , that they may be saued , wherin the Lord vouchsafeth vs great honor : for to cause the carelesse to seeke God , and to confirme the weake , is a great honour . Likewise hereby we shall stop the mouthes of them that speake against the waies of the Lord. Contrariwise when a professor falleth away , he loseth his soule , he hurteth the weake , hardeneth the wicked , and openeth the mouthes of the wicked . Thus by the one God is glorified , and our brethren profited : and by the other the cleane contrary . When we see any man trusting in God to be deliuered out of remptation , then may we be confirmed and comforted with hope , that we also shal be deliuered . This is said , Psal. 34. Other shall be comforted . And Psalm . 40. They that see mee , let them be comforted . For when the Lord confirmeth any of his promises to any of his children ; we may likewise be comforted that we shall finde them also true . So the Apostle reasoneth , Abraham was iustified ; therefore shall wee : so Hebr. 11. As contra●iwise , when wee see the trueth of Gods threatnings vpon any , then we should knowe , that if we haue the same sinne , wee shall also feele the same punishment . Then must wee consider of Gods children , how that by nature they are no better than we : therefore if we can beleeue , then shall we haue hope to become like them , for God doth not accept persons . We must likewise consider of the wicked , that by them also ●e may be instructed . None shall reioyce at the example of the godly , but they that feare God ; and this feare is the beginning of all goodnesse : some that feare God may haue a doubtfull conscience , and they shall haue comfort by the examples of Gods mercies in others . Without this feare men can not rightly consider of Gods workes ; but who so feareth , he shall profit by them . Here is the true vse of all the Scriptures , not to maruell onely at the examples of Gods mercies or iudgements ; but to bee comforted and confirmed by the one , and to feare by the other . Vers 75. I knowe O Lorde , that thy iudgements are right , and that thou hast afflicted mee iustly . THis is somewhat like , that It is good that I haue beene afflicted : but after a new manner ; as though he should say , Thy iudgements are righteous and iust , though my flesh doth perswade me the cōtrary . And to shew the certainty of this , he saith , I know , This know ledge he had by the word : because we shall then subscribe to the iustice of God , when we can subscribe to the word . Then if we would subscribe to the righteousnes of Gods iudgements ; let vs by the word meditate vpon his threatnings & promises ; and though we cannot see the reasons of all , yet must we acknowledge them to bee holy , because the Lord is holy ; and his word is holy , therefore his workes are holy . If we be not able to behold the beames of the Sunne , much lesse can we see the brightnes of Gods works : and let vs euer accuse our selues of blindnes and rebellion , rather than the Lord of iniustice . He is then acknowledged to be iust , when we yeeld to the righteousnes of his precepts . And when we can confesse his iustice thus , wee shall well confesse his mercie . Then if we will confesse the iustice of God , we must confesse his iudgements to be holy ; otherwise we doe not . And that , This is a speciall Note of faith , that hee can apply that particular to himselfe , which the Lord had giuen generally : and till wee doe thus , wee neither beleeue promises nor threatnings . We must not rest thē in generals , but apply them to ourselues , whether they be promises or threatnings : and this will draw vs out of sinne , and comfort vs in trouble . In faithfulnes : He had before confessed Gods iustice , and now hee confesseth his mercy : as if he had said , Thou of thy mercie hast thus laid thy rod vpon mee , that I may be such a one as thou mayest performe thy promise to , as Psalm . 130. This must make affliction sweete , because the speciall ende thereof is not to punish vs , but to make vs fit to receiue his promises , and he vseth it as a remedie and medicine against sinne , & as he sheweth his iustice , in that he suffereth not sinne in his children ; so he sheweth his mercy , in that thereby he cureth them . Vers. 76. I pray thee that thy mercie may comfort me , and according to thy promise vnto thy seruant . BEcause he had confessed the mercifull dealing of the Lord , therfore he craueth mercy , for he knew that with the Lord is mercie to be feared , Psal. 130. He dare not stand to the rigour of Gods iustice , but he flieth to his mercie , contrarie to the Papists , P●lag●a●●s , and Familie of loue . And thus must we labour to cure our vnbeleese by his promises , that we ●●ll not to despaire , for we are readie to presume in prosperitie , or to despaire 〈◊〉 ▪ but they must be both cured , the one by the meditation of Gods iudgements in prosp●●●● , the other by the promises in trouble . For then the iudgements haue done with vs , when they haue brought vs to humble our selues to the Lord , because of our sinne , & then are we to looke for his mercie : for then are we fit for it . We must then couple iustice and mercie together , and make vse of both . He had ioy before , and yet he craueth comfort ; where we note the change of the consciences of Gods people , sometime ioyfull , sometime sorrowfull . This must be a stay to vs against the temptation which Sathan will ●ffer , saying , Thou art ●ickle , and ●●●● ch●●ging , all is vaine : N●y , we are as the children of God in all ages haue beene . Accordi●● 〈◊〉 had no speciall promise , but applied the generall promise to himselfe ; for all the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 made in generall manner ; Come all . &c. that all the Church might haue their part in 〈◊〉 , and ●ore should thinke that they were shut out . This h●d the woman of C●na●● wh●● 〈◊〉 to Christ : because she stated on this genera●● promise , that he was sent to the 〈…〉 ▪ 〈…〉 . As we c●n 〈◊〉 leaue 〈◊〉 , or come to true repentance , vnlesse we beleeue that that God which hath pu●●shed 〈…〉 ▪ will also pun●●● ▪ sinne in vs ; so shall we neuer receiue comfort by the promises , vn●●●se we can 〈◊〉 apply those promises to our selues , which are generally made to the Church . But i● we can doe this , we shall haue comfort in our soules , and strength to withstand the ●●●ptation which the diuell ministreth , saying , What promise ha●t thou that thou shalt be saued ? To know that God is mercifull , is not enough , vnlesse we be among those , to whom the promises belong , and then we may know that we shal be hol●●● ; because through his promises , he is become a voluntary debtor to vs. As a man , that is able to help vs , yet we haue no assurāce that he wil help , vnlesse he giue his word to vs. Then though God be merciful , yet is not the misery or worldly men cured ▪ because the promises doe not belong to them , vnlesse they beleeue . Then it is no maruell , though the Papists doubt of their saluation , because they haue no faith , nor will haue to applie the generall promises of grace to their owne hearts . There is a difference betweene Gods children , and the wicked in their trouble : first , the children of God are conuinced both in iudgement and in affection : but the other are but only conuinced in iudgement , as Pharaoh , Ahab , Saul . For where the iudgement & affection are both conuinced , there followeth conuersion : now because these were conuinced , & yet not conuerted , therefore it was onely in iudgement , and not in affection Secondly , the children of God doe so confesse his Iustice , as that they also confesse ●im mercifull , which setleth them in sound iudgement , and inflameth their affections : but the other doe only confesse his iudgement ; and therfore we see theeues and whores rec●●t , and yet returne to their filth again ; because iustice can breake , yet mercy only chāgeth from euil to good . Thridly , the children of God by one fault are brought to amendment of their whole liues , through sorrow which worketh repentance : but the wicked by Gods iudgements are brought to a confused thinking of sinne and amendment , or else rest so much in one , that they looke not to any other : as Pharaoh confessed that God is righteous , but he let not the people of Israel goe : Achab confessed , yet he restored not the vineyard againe : and Pharaoh by this one sin was not brought to the sight of his Idolatric , nor to any care to leaue it . If we will then haue vse of this threefold difference , let vs euer pray , that our affections may euer yeelde to that , which our iudgements doe subscribe to : and that not onely for feare of punishment , but because with the Lord there is mercie : and when we are conuinced of any one sinne , let vs so labour to amend that , as we also looke the whole course of our life , to amend whatsoeuer is amisse therein . Vers. 77. Let thy tender mercies come vnto me , that I may liue : for thy Law is my delight . IN that he doubleth this request in two verses , hee sheweth that he had no light feeling of sinne , yea that he was as a dead man , because hee felt not the life of God in him . This must wee marke , that when wee are brought to so lowe estate , that all comfort seemeth to bee past , yet let vs remember that Gods children haue beene so ; and therefore let vs double our prayers , knowing that with the Lord is mercie , with him is life in death , and helpe in the greatest extremitie . This if we can doe , then shall we be armed against the greatest temptation that Satan hath ; and that is this , to perswade vs that our case is such , as neuer any of Gods children were in : our temptations such , as no man had ; our sins such as none haue committed : with which if he can preuaile , then doth he make vs past hope of recouerie , then doth he make vs past vsing any meanes to be recouered : for when wee are perswaded that the disease is incurable , then wee leaue all meanes that might helpe vs ▪ Marke the tender consciences of Gods children . If this man of God , which had beene no common sinn●● , was so humbled for sinne , that his moysture was turned into drought , Psal. 32. before he could be brought to confesse his sinne ; it first sheweth , how greatly sorrowfull we should be : and againe , the great hypocrisie that is in our hearts , whereby the diuel worketh in vs , to thinke that our sinnes are but small , & therefore to be careles of them , that at the last he may make them so great , as that we shal thinke they be not able to be forgiuen . This is his practise and his purpose , therefore let vs take heede of it . That I may liue : He did eate and drinke , and he had the vse of his senses , yet this he counted no life , because he felt not himselfe reconciled to God ; but was in sorrow and heauinesse : yet hee was skilfull in musicke , which might haue put sorrowe away : hee had also friends , and many valiāt men , in whose company he might haue delighted ; yet in all these he tooke no pleasure , but still this was in his minde , how he might be reconciled to God. What shall wee say then of them , which , so that they may haue these outward things , they neuer care for Gods fauour : or if they bee in trouble , they onely s●eeke to put away their trouble by company , play , &c. and neuer seeke with their heart to bee reconciled to God ? Both these are farre from the affection of this man : and let vs knowe , that though we had kingdomes at our pleasure , though wee had at commaundement all pleasure and pastime ; yet if wee were not reconciled to God , and if they were not sanctified to vs in Christ , they would nothing auaile vs , and the end of them would be but heauinesse . Then let vs not flatter our selues , for the life of sinne is the death of the soule , and without Christ there is no life : but if through Christ we be reconciled to God , then can no miserie make vs miserable : and though we want all outward things , yet wee haue all in God through Christ. For thy Law is my delight : He felt not this presently , but he meant , that when God should restore him to life , that he might not deceiue himselfe , he should feele Gods mercie in his word : so that without Gods mercy in his word , hee felt no comfort . Many will confesse them to be miserable , if they haue not Gods mercy ; but few will with Dauid acknowledge that without mercy in the word they are miserable . The word is the meanes to bring vs to Gods mercy , therefore by the word we must esteeme Gods mercies . Let vs examine , if the reading , hearing , and meditating of Gods word bee as sweete vnto vs , as our very life : or whether we haue speciall feeling of Gods fauour in his word ; so that the feeling of Gods goodnesse doth euen make vs with this man of God to delight in it . The great delight in Gods word ouershadoweth all worldly pleasures , and will make men vse them , as though they vsed them not : but if we cannot come to this delight , then is it no maruell , if that we put our whole pleasure in these outward things . The way to come to this delight , is to keepe a continuall warre against our affections ; for if we please our selues in them , then shall not the word be pleasant , till those affections be controlled ; but if we can tame our affections of anger , lust , &c. then shall we feele sweetnesse in the word when we come to it . Vers. 78 ▪ Let the proude be ashamed : for they haue dealt wickedly and falsely with mee : but I meditate in thy precepts . AS hee had before saide that the godly should be comforted in his deliuerance , so here he saith , that the wicked should see their wickednesse , and bee ashamed , either with such shame as might bring them to repentance , or which might confound them if they would not repent . He prayeth against their enterprises , not against their persons , nor the image of God in them . He hath some prayers giuen by speciall instinct for the ouerthrow of the wicked in other places ; but here he maketh that praier which the Church ought to make . For we cānot pray that Gods people may be comforted in our deliuerance , but wee must also pray that the wickednes of the wicked may turne to their shame . This being obserued , that wee pray not against their person , but their enterprise ; then this , that wee simply respect the glory of God , and the good of Gods people . For if we should doe it of some speciall grudge , then should we make Gods glorie a cloke of our euill purpose , & sin against him . We may then pray that the Lord would blesse his word among vs , that he would sanctifie vs by it , that our good workes might be knowne to others , for his glory . Therefore we may pray ( so that it be in loue ) that the heresies of Papists , Families of loue , and others may be discouered and ouerthrown , and the persons ashamed of their doings . They dealt falsely with me . This sheweth that their dealings that he praied against , and not against their persons , because their dealings were wicked and false . And this teacheth when we must thus pray , euen when their wicked dealings are plaine , and their doings false ; and then may we pray with hope , because the righteous God loueth righteousnesse ; and if the cause be good , it will come to a good end . For though trueth may be ashamed , yet it cannot be ashamed for euer : for God will defend his owne cause , and though the wicked for a time preuaile , yet in the end they shal come to shame . This then first comforteth vs in euery good cause , that it shall haue a good issue : and againe , that we take no euill cause in hand ; for if we doe , it will bring shame at the last . But I meditate in thy statutes . He repeateth the same thing often , and surely if the world could not containe the bookes that might be written of Christ , and yet for our infirmitie the Lord hath comprised them in such a few bookes , and yet one thing in them often repeated , it sheweth that the matter is weightie , and of vs duly and often to be considered . And againe we are taught that , that is a thing , that none do so carefully looke vnto , as they ought . And he sheweth , that as his enemies sought by euil means to hurt him ; so he sought to keepe a good conscience , that so they might not hurt him . Then we must not set policy against policy , nor Cretizare cum Cretensibus : but let vs alwayes tend to the word , and keepe vs within the bounds of that , and fight with the weapons that it teacheth vs. And this is the cause , that many good men are ouercome by the wicked , because they striue with them with their owne weapons ▪ and then they must needs be too hard for vs. Againe , seeing they neuer want euill meanes because they giue ouer themselues thereto : so if we would giue ouer our selues to God and his word , and admit nothing but that which agreeeth to the word ; then should we be made wiser than our enemies . Vers. 79. Let such as feare thee turne vnto mee , and they that know thy testimonies . AS he had not his owne flesh to fight against onely , but the world also : so hee did not only fight himself alone , but seeketh the helpe of others . When many see that religion cannot be truely professed , but danger will come of it , because many set themselues against it , they flie from it , and goe to the greater part , which is the wicked . If we will auoyd this , let vs ioyne our selues to Gods children , and they will helpe vs with counsell and aduise : for one may be strong when we are weake , another may haue counsell when we shall not know what to do : therfore by them , we shall be kept from many euill things . So Paul , 2. Timothie 1. 16. after he had complained of the wrong that many had done vnto him , he straightway giueth thankes for the familie of Onesiphorus , which refreshed him more than all his enemies could discourage him ; so that he durst oppose this one household to the whole rabble of the wicked . It may also be a comfort to vs , when the temptation of Elias commeth to vs , to think that godlines were gone out of the world : for then shal it be good to set the children of God before vs , that we may heare of them , and be in their company , and so be comforted . Againe , it is no small thing to be godly indeed : for then we shall be a comfort to Gods children , when they heare that we continue in godlinesse : whereas otherwise , we are very many stumbling blocks , if we shall be readie to fall , or haue fallen . Againe , the mouthes of the wicked shall be stopped : for when the Magistrate , Minister , and professor continue in holines , then though he would speake euill , yet his mouth should be stopped ; and what great glorie should come to God by this ? so that here is a speciall spurre to moue any to stand and continue in godlines . If Dauid did thus desire the company of Gods children , what ought we to doe ? But men know not their wants , they know not the communion of Saints , therefore they are carelesse of this . Yet Paul desired to come to the Romanes , that he might receiue mutuall comfort : for euery member of Christ hath somewhat wherewith he may doe thee good : because he is annoynted with the same oyle that thou art ; therefore by him thou shalt remember something forgotten : or haue thy iudgement reformed in some particular thing . But we know not the profit of this , because we haue no vse of it . In the eight part , he said this , chiefely that he might doe them good ; and here chiefely that they might helpe him . He sheweth that the feete of Gods children are directed by God ; and if they come to vs , it is a blessing of God ; if they doe not , it is his punishment . By feare , he meaneth , that when good men feare God , they haue a chiefe care to please God , & a chiefe care that they might not displease him , but may be approued of him in all their doings . He ioyneth knowledge with feare , because that knowledge without feare puffeth vp , and so becommeth vnprofitable . Secondly , because knowledge without feare resteth not simplie in the word , but seeketh by meanes . Thirdly , because if men haue knowledge without feare , they will not come much to the afflicted , because they haue not been humbled . Therefore that we may be humbled , and that we may not runne ●oyot , but containe our selues in the word , and become profitable and comfortable both to others and our selues ; feare must needs be ioyned with knowledge . It is also necessary that knowledge be ioyned with feare : first , because feare without knowledge may at the last kicke against God , as did Paul , and the Iewes : and Papists of conscience whiles they feared God without knowledge , persecuted Gods children : secondly , because many that feare God aright , yet doe hurt in good causes by vndiscreete dealing , whereas they had no purpose so to do . Knowledge then must direct feare , and feare must season knowledge , and both must be ioyned together Iob. 31. doth shew notably in many causes , how needfull the feare of God is ; where this is rendred as a reason of many things , that he feared God. Vers. 80. Let mine heart be vpright in thy statutes , that I be not ashamed . HE prayed before for good vnderstanding , here he prayeth for sound affections : this order in prayer must we also vse : first to pray for knowledge , and then for good affection . For good affections without knowledge , are nothing worth , & knowledge without affections is nothing . Then we must pray , that as we haue greater knowledge than others , so our affections may be better than others , and our hearts more vpright . Hee sheweth that there is no vprightnesse but in the Commaundements , therefore what good affections soeuer seeme to bee in Turkes , Papists , and such as haue not knowledge , these cannot bee vpright , because they haue not the worde . No man can knowe his owne heart but by GOD , ( Ierem : 17. ) and by the word , which is of the same nature that God is . PORTION , 11. CAPH . Verse , 81. My soule sainteth for thy saluation : yet I wayte for thy Word . IN this part he sheweth his miseries , that he was in , and his hope to be deliuered , which in the latter end he prayeth for . His soule fainteth : and this is amplified in the verses following . His affliction was great , and through the infirmitie of his flesh , he was grieued with it . The Philosopher thought that it was patience to contemne sorrow , & not to be moued with it : but the examples of Scripture shewe that the children of God doe seele their sorrowe ; yet they are sustained by waiting for Gods mercies , whereby they are at the last deliuered . It is necessarie that wee should be touched with our troubles : First because , if we felt it not , wee should be proud as the manner of worldly men is . Secondly , we should not come to the feeling of our sinnes , for which afflictions are sent to vs : Thirdly , wee should haue no tryall of our Faith : Fourthly , if we should not know that Gods children had feeling of them , then when wee feele them , we should bee brought to despaire . For then shall wee thinke , that wee are not in the number of Gods children , and therefore wee should leaue off striuing , and giue ouer our good cause , and so fall from God. But when wee consider that as Elias , so all Gods children haue had infirmities , Iames , 5. and Paul , and Barnabas , Acts , 16. when wee shall see that they , which are set before vs for examples , were brought to streightnes , and that they did not despise them , but by striuing ouercame them : then if we feele such weaknesse in ourselues , wee shall be encouraged to take the Crosse vpon vs , with hope that with them wee may ouercome . It is good to knowe these things before affliction ; for the more we profite in this doctrine , the better wee shall beare our afflictions . When this man was thus afflicted , hee waited on the word , because of his weaknes , and in patience did tarry the Lords leisure : neither doubting of his owne cause , nor yeelding to the euill causes of his enemies : this is patience , and this is the practise of Gods children , as Iob , 33. Then must wee looke for these afflictions , because of our sinnes , because of the greatnes of the wisdome of GOD , and his mercie , to deale thus with vs , that he may heape vp blessings on vs in this life , and euerlasting glorie in the life to come . If we cannot abide small afflictions , how should wee abide greater ? Againe , some will abide small and short troubles , yet if they increase and continue , they will faile : which sheweth that men haue not Faith to glorifie God. For that Faith glorifieth God , which belieueth Gods worde to be true , and waiteth for the accomplishing of it . For because we liue by Faith , therefore wee haue neede of patience , Hebrewes , 10 ▪ for the Lorde will deliuer those that are such , Psalme , 147. Esay , 57. For hee will saue them , and come to dwell with them , because hee hath a pleasure in them . Vers. 82. Mine eyes faile for thy promise , saying , When wilt thou comfort mee ? THe next verse hath the same meaning , & the doubling of it , maketh it more weighty . He saith Word or promise , for saluation , to shew that the word bringeth , and confirmeth our saluation . When he saith that his eyes and bodie were troubled , he sheweth that the fainting of the soule , is the fainting of the body , to teach vs in the diseases of the body , not only to looke to naturall causes & remedies , but to haue an eye to the soule , & remedy that ; for a wounded spirit who can beare ? The way to cure the body , is to cure the soule first , as Psal : 103. and healed , ( Iob : 33. ) God speaketh once or twice , &c : his flesh shal be as , &c. Exāple Ezechias was sicke , but after his sins by prayer being forgiuen , then his disease was healed , Esay 28. and Chron. Benhadad was sicke of a 〈…〉 disease , yet for his sinnes it could not be helped ▪ Iob was a very Lazar , for the triall of his faith , yet the way for him to recouer ( saith Elihu ) was thus to be humbled for sinne ; and Elihu for this was not reproued , but the Lord confirmed his words from heauen . Then though Gods children be not chiefely punished for sinne , yet because they haue sinne in them , therefore they must take this way also . As we see Iob confessed his sinnes before he was restored . So Hebrew . 12. 3. You haue not fought to blood : meaning that though God might iustly punish , yet he will vse affliction for our triall , and withall will kill our corruption . Psalme 32. after he had called them blessed , whose sinnes , &c. he sheweth how he was brought to it , first , by setting downe the corruption of men , which God must cure with corrections ; yea they were so sore on him , that his moysture was turned into drought : but when he confessed his sinne , then the Lord forgaue the punishment of his sinne . Must this man be taught by this meanes , and haue not we neede of it ? In the booke of the Chronicles , Asa is reprooued because he sought to the Physitians , & not vnto the Lord. His meaning is not that Asa sought not to God at all , but that he sought not chiefely , nor first to God : so that this is spoken by comparison , that he sought not to God so much as to the Physitions . Again , the purpose of Gods spirit is not to disallowe the vse of Physicke : for when Ezechias was absolued of his sinnes by Esaias , then did the Prophet commaund that figge leaues should be taken , and laid to it : and how can he then mislike that , which he there commaunded ? This generall doctrine then may be gathered , that what disease or affliction soeuer commeth to a mans body , for what cause soeuer , yea though it be for the triall of faith ; yet the way to come out of it , is to looke to our soules , and to clense them : for if they be once purified , then the body will be easily cured . For if God said , iudge your selues that yee may not be iudged ; he will be likewise sure not to iudge vs , if we will iudge our selues ; but when we shall begin to iudge our selues , he will leaue off to correct vs , Psalm . 89. and 1. Corinth . 11. Vers. 83. For I am like a bottell in the smoke : yet doe I not forget thy statutes . VVE must remember the promises & the commandements in all our troubles , and they will sustaine vs : for if any faile in trouble , it is because they trust not the promises , or keepe not the commandements . If we will be sure then that no affliction shall hurt vs , but helpe vs , and turne to our good , and to assure vs of life euerlasting , and to be deliuered out of them in Gods good time ; then let vs looke to all the promises made to vs in Christ , and build a good conscience vpon Gods commaundements . But if we faile in these , then may we be sure that in trouble we shall faile , 2. Cor. 7. And these two helpe one another : If thou wilt be sound in the faith , then labor to keep the commandements : and if thou wilt not be driuen from the obedience of the commandements , then confirme thy selfe in the promises of the forgiuenes of sinnes , of Gods prouidence , and of eternall life . For if thou canst beleeue these , then neither pleasure nor paine shall make thee forsake thy obedience : but these shall be so pleasant to thee , that thou shalt wholy labour to please God. These two reasons Paul vseth 1. Tim. 3. to moue men to obedience ; First , the promises of the forgiuenes of sinnes : secondly , of euerlasting life , and to these adde Gods prouidence . And this is the cause of all sinne , because men beleeue not that the threatnings of God are true . For if they could be perswaded of that which is Psal. 89. He will visite their sinnes , &c. the children of God should not need to thinke of hell , and other tormēts belonging to the wicked in the life to come . Because that if they knew , that though they were deliuered from paines in the world to come , yet the Lord would punish their sinnes in this life , and would bring them to pouerty , to contempt , to be reproched , to be slandered , &c. euen this would make them loth to offend . And surely the Lord will doe this : for if he be neither a wise nor louing earthly father , which will not correct his sonnes when they doe euill , surely it must needes be that God must either be vnwise & not louing , or he must punish them his children that offend . For though he hath made a couenant with them , that hell shall not preuaile against them ; yet hath he not made a couenant to free them in this life , because that he will driue them to the crosse of Christ , by laying crosses vpon them . Againe , if men could beleeue the promises of God made in Christ , for the forgiuenes of sinnes , for Gods fatherly prouidence , and for life euerlasting ; then would they , hauing these promises , purge themselues from all filthines , and finish the course of their saluation in seare , 2. Cor. 7. vers . 1. And this beliefe in Gods promises is it , that maketh men leaue sin for conscience sake , & to yeeld obedience to Gods will ; so that this beleefe bringeth forth pure obedience to Gods will. Againe , beleefe in Gods promises is strengthened by obedience : as Peter saith , Make your election and calling sure by good workes . For when the Lord shal see that we haue a care to do his will , then will he multiplie the graces of the spirit vpon vs , so that we shal be better cōsirmed in his promises . If we will not then be brought to doubt or despaire of Gods promises , when trouble and anguish shall come ; then let vs labour to build a good conscience vpon the word and commandements . And if we will not be drawn away with worldly pleasures , then let vs consider those promises which God hath made vnto vs. For when men begin to doubt of Gods promises , they begin also to doubt of the commaundements : and when men doubt of the commandements , they also doubt of the promises : and when men doubt of both , then is sinne a light matter vnto them . For faith in Gods promises breedeth obedience , and obedience confirmeth saith in the promises : therefore we must labour for them both , and pray for both . Vers. 84. How many are the daies of thy seruant ? when wilt thou execute iudgement on them that persecute me ? THis verse & the second verse , shew that it is lawfull for Gods children to make knowne their infirmities to him , so that they waite patiently for helpe from him . For this onely displeaseth him , when we please our selues in moyling against them : otherwise when we come in reuerence , it pleaseth God that we should lay out our infirmities before him . Thus Abraham and Mary laying out their infirmities , with misliking of them , desired that they might know how the things should come to passe : but Sara and Zacharie did contrarie . This is a comfortable thing , that when we are in any trouble , we may lay our our temptations to him , so that it be with trust in the promises , and misliking of our infirmities , with a longing after Gods mercie , in a feare of his Maiestie , and a desire to be helped of our euill and corrupt infirmitie . When. He had beene exercised a long time , and now he prayeth that he may be helped , least he through infirmitie put his hand to euill . Many will make their complaint , but it is too soone , euen before they haue been exercised . But we must be contented to be in long trouble , and we may yet looke for Gods helpe , acknowledging it to be his great goodnes , that he continued and held vs out so long in trouble . Wilt thou execute . This is an ordinarie prayer , not against any certaine persons , but rather generally against Gods enemies , and their euill causes . For the Lord executeth iudgement vpon his children for their conuersion , as Paul , Act. 9 and vpon the wicked for their confusion . He prayeth against them that belonged not to God , and yet not so much against their persons , as their euill causes , and no otherwise against their persons , than they ●re ioyned with the causes . And thus may we doe , for the confusion of Gods enemies ; otherwise we cannot . Vers. 85. The proude haue digged pits for me , which is not after thy law . THis shewed first that he prayed against their euill cause : secondly , that he suffered vniustly : first , because he suffered for the truth : secōdly , because he behaued himself godly in his cause , not vsing vnlawful means . And we must look that we haue these things before we pray this prayer : first , that our cause be good : secondly , that it be rightly handled : therefore heretikes and wicked men cannot make this prayer . Dauid was long in this trouble , and yet he prouoked them not with euill words , but laboured to ouercome their euill with goodnes , as Psalm . 33. So when we doe them no euill , when we haue laboured to doe them good , and prayed , and fasted for them in patience and long suffering ; then , i● it be against Gods enemies and their euill causes , we may pray this prayer . Vers. 86. All thy commandements are true : they persecute me fulf●ly ; helpe me . HE hath an assured perswasion of the truth of his cause , and of the euill vsing of his enemies ; both which he knoweth by the truth of Gods word : this maketh him to stand out in his good cause , and to sticke to the truth of Gods word . This is a great thing : for the diuell will throw into mens minds ; if this cause were good , it should not be persecuted : but thou art more precise than needeth , &c. to this end , that if he could once ●●ing them to doubt of their cause , they should leaue suffering : for if men bee once perswaded that their cause is eu●l , or if their cause be good , and yet if they know i● not , then can they not suffer for it . Therefore if wee will stand in trouble , let vs now in peace be assured , and grounded in the knowledge of the truth , and build vp our selues now in faith and a good conscience . For if this be once said to vs of the diuell , Thou hast heard much , and yet least not profited , leaue thy cause betime , or else thou wilt shame thy selfe , and thy cause to● ; then it must be a great thing that will make vs stand . Hel●● . Though he had been long in trouble , so that hee was readie to be destroyed , yet hee prayeth , contrarie to the reason of the flesh . This teached , that euen in the greatest trouble we may call vpon God , and when all helpe see●eth to be past , then is the ●●me to be holpen , because the wickednes of the wicked is at the full , and our ●iall is manifest . For the lot of the wicked shall not , &c. Vers. 87. wanteth . Vers. 88 Quicken mee according to thy louing kindnes : so shall I keepe the testimonie of thy mouth . HE sheweth that he was dead : and when he desireth to be quickned , by louing kindnes , he sheweth th●t without this there is no quickening , for there is no 〈◊〉 . I will keep . He that kept them before , yet in weakenes ; and his affl●ction did somewhat hinder him , as Psal. 17. Deliuer me from the affliction , &c. therfore he 〈◊〉 to keepe them better . For troble hindreth the course of obedience , and maketh vs ●●get many things which wee haue learned : Then what a benefit haue wee which now are in quiet , and haue our libertie ? Without louing kindnes there is no quickening . He playeth to be deliuered , that he may keepe Gods commandements : and this is the ●ight end of this prayer , ●●ther to be deliuered out of the present euill , or to be preserued from it . We doe ●●●● pray to be preserued ; wee pray for our Queene , &c. But i● it be not to this end , we 〈◊〉 nothing from beasts . This was the end of Dauid in his prosperitie , Psalm . 23. and this was his ende why hee would bee deliuered from trouble , that hee might dwell in Gods house a long season : For it was his griefe that hee could not glorifie God. Hee desireth to bee quickened to keepe Gods commandements : then what are wee that are as dead men , when wee heare and pray ? PORTION . 12. LAMED . Vers. 89. O Lord , thy word endureth for euer in heauen . THis part sheweth the comforts that staied him in his trouble : his eyes fainted , yet hee sawe Gods word to endure for euer in heauen . And this is his saith , which when hee sawe no helpe in earth , yet could lift vp his heart to heauen . And hee noteth the weaknes of his enemies , that though they had almost made an end of Gods Saīts in earth , yet they cannot take the word out of heauen , which is the seate therof . This must comfort vs when persecution waxeth hot , so that wee might say with 〈◊〉 , I am ●●●● alo●e : yet the Lord keepeth his word in heauen , from whence hee will send it to another place . In the confidence hereof Dauid crieth ; Psalm . 2. Why doe , &c. and in the death of Christ , the Sauiour of the world seemed to be dead , so that they mocked him , He saued others : yet Gods word was in heauen , and Christ became a Sauiour to them that beleeued . When the children of Israel were brought low in Egypt , yet Gods word in heauen was true , and they returned to the promised land . When the Iewes were translated to Babylon , so that all hope of returne was taken away , yet Daniel and other knewe the word was in heauen , that after 70 yeeres they should returne . This is true in particular persons , as Iob , Dauid , Ezechias , and others being brought very low : yet through hope of Gods word which is in heauen , they looked for deliuerāce , though they saw no helpe in earth . This is good for vs to lay vp against trouble to come , and this comforted Bradford , Rogers , &c. which said , God would bring his word from heauen to this land againe . And because wee cannot see heauen ( though we must beleeue it by faith , which is of things not seene ) therfore he sheweth that it may be seene in earth , Thy truth indureth from generation to generation , &c. though all things vnder the Sun be changeable , yet Gods truth is one for euer . Heauen and earth shall passe . Matth. 24. and Luk. 21. This generation shall not passe : where vnder Ierusalem he setteth out the state of the world till the last day . For as the Iewes did not receiue the true Christ , so they were deceiued with a false : and when they would not looke to cure their soules , the Lord sent famine , warre , and pestilence to consume their bodies : and as they would finde no place in their soules for his word ; so the Lord would leaue them no place in that good land . And thus shall the word continue throughout all generations . For wheresoeuer the Lord hath a number of his , thither hee will send his word to worke in them faith and repentance , and so to strengthen them that they shal neuer fall . And as for all the rest , the Lord will trie them with his word : and when they shall be found not to receiue the truth in loue , they shall be giuen vp to beleeue lyes ; afterward loue shall waxe cold , and then iniquitie shall preuaile : so that the Lord shall bee constrained to send famine and pestilence , with which they shall bee exercised till their finall destruction . Thus did the Lord deale with them at Ierusalem , and thus shall the Lord doe from generation to generation . For his word after this sort shall goe from one nation to another people , till the Gospell of the kingdome hath beene preached through all the world , and then shall the end come . Then wee see that the contempt of the word bringeth destruction to cities and nations . Vers. 90. Thy trueth is from generation to generation : thou hast laid the foundation of the earth , and it abideth . THe earth , as the Philosophers thinke , standeth in the middest of the firmament ; and as the Scriptures teach vs , the waters are aboue the earth : so that to reason the earth seemeth to be very fickle and readie to fall , albeit to our sense nothing seemeth so stedfast . How commeth it to passe then that the earth falleth not , or is not couered with water , but because of the word wherein God hath commaunded it so to be , as in the beginning hee made it by the word ? The Lord gaue bounds to the Sea the which it should not passe , and those bounds it kept two thousand yeeres ; then by the word of the Lord it ouerflowed the earth : but after that , it hath to this day continued within his bankes , because God hath so appointed it . And if these be so sure by the word of the Lord , the word must needs be sure and stedfast , wherein God hath promised that he wil haue his Church to the end . The like reason Ieremie vseth , chap. 31. and 35. 36. 37. So long as the Sun and the Moone continue in heauen , so long will I haue my Church vpon the earth , though the wicked rage against it . This must stay and comfort vs , when these thoughts assault vs : Oh , if the word should be taken from this place , where then should it rest ? If this King , or Queene should dye , where should the word become then ? This must assure vs , I say , that the Lord will prouide for his Church so , that the word may continue amongst them , so long as his couenant of the night and the day abideth . Vers. 91. They continue euen to this day , by thine ordinances : for all are thy seruants . THese are deputed of God to be his seruants : and this answereth an objection . Obiect : These things are chaungeable . Answ : This , in that they are so , it is to se●●e Gods iudgements , for the saluation of the good , and the confusion of his enemies . The Sunne is certaine , and yet for the glorious victorie of Gods people vnder Ioshua , it stood still So did it turne back for Ezechias . The waters also were his seruants , to take vengeance on his enemies at the flood : so likewise the red Sea saued Gods children , and destroyed his foes . Then when these creatures keepe not their course , it is the worke of God for the good of his people , and the hurt of his enemies . Much more are the ordinarie workes his seruants , as moderate raine , drie weather , &c Leuit 25. for to restifie his fauour to his children ; as immoderate drought for the hurt of his foes . So discord , ●amine , plague , warre , &c : all these waite on GOD , to serue him when he will punish any people : as peace , loue , plentie , health , strength , &c. are to the comfort of his people . All are his Seruants . ] All the creatures round about , are readie to serue him at his will , from the Angels in heauen , to the wormes in the earth : therefore hee is called the Lord of Hosts ; they are not ordered by nature , fortune , or such like , but by Gods prouidence : example , Psal. 107. If we were perswaded of this , then should we be seared , if our hearts were not right with God : and we should be comforted when our hearts were right before him : knowing that these serue to testifie his loue to them that feare him , and to testifie his wrath where he is displeased . This must driue vs from second causes , to looke to GOD : If God be with us , who shall be against us ? If wee were perswaded , that they shall all beare witnesse with vs or against vs , then would we be fearfull , and desirous to be reconciled to God : for he hath giuen these creatures to vs no otherwise to vse , then that wee may be in CHRIST ; for if we be not , then must we giue account for them : but if we be recōciled to GOD , then haue we a speciall comfort , that nothing shall burt vs , and when they might seeme to hurt , they shall helpe vs : our enemies shall be our friends , and the stones shall be at league with vs ; and nothing shall separate vs from the loue of God. Fire shall burne vs easily , and water shall easily drowne vs : for though Tyrants abuse these for a time , yet they are Gods seruants , and they groane with vs for our redemption . Doe all creatures groane , and shall we be secure ? Doe they their seruice , and shall not wee doe our duties ? Then most grieuous shall our condemnation be . ¶ Vers : 92. Except thy Lawes had bene my delight , I had euen now perished in mine ●●●●●ction . IT seemeth by many verses in this Psalme , that Dauid was much afflicted , for his life was in his hand , his soule cleaued vnto the dust , hee was sore troubled , and had it not beene for comfort out of Gods Word , doubtlesse hee had perished in his trouble . This verse I may call A perfume against a Plague : the sicke in ●●●●●●●● : the afflicted mans consolation : and a blessed Triumph ; in , and ouer all troubles . In which note , 1. That Dauid was afflicted : 2. that hee was readie to perish in his affliction : 3. the remedie against his affliction ; namely , Gods Lawe : 4. the application of that remedie , it was his delight . 1. Dauid was afflicted : hee was the beloued of the Lorde , one of his worthiest Captanes wee reade of in the Bible , and indeede a man after Gods owne heart : yet the Cup , nay , the bitter cup of affliction could not passe away from him : but because he was made strong enough to beare this mingled drinke , ( and surely all mens braines beare not wine alike ) therefore did hee drinke vp many a full dr●ught . We ought to thinke of Dauids troubles , and to esteeme it as an argument of Gods great fauour towards vs , if to the great carowses which we take of Gods blessings , it shall please him to adde a purging potion of affliction . There is no true sonne , but ( since follie is bound vp by nature in his heart ) the rod of correction must be laid vpon him . From Adam to Christ , in whom we all are , all haue beene partakers of affliction . It was Dauids iudgement . In the sweate of thy face shalt thou eate thy breade : it was a part of Christs consecration , by affliction hee was made the high Priest of our saluation . Exulerat Christus , comites nos exulis huius Essedecet , cuius nos quoque membra sumits . Our head Christ here an exile was : We members must this exile trace . But why doth God thus visite his dearest , and most dutifull seruants ? Answ. I , to shewe how he hateth sinne , when he will punish it in them ass we may see in this kingly Prophet Dauid 2. Sam. 12. 2 , to bring them to an examination of themselues , as he did in the Mariners . Ionah : 1. 3 , to moue them to repentance as in the Israelites , Hoseah : 5. vers : 15. 4 , to trie them as the Eagle her yong ones , and the goldsmith his mettals , as hee did l●b : chap : 1. 5 , to confound Sathan & all his ministers , who would ioy if Gods children should euer prosper , doe these men serue God for n●●ght ? Iob : 1. 9 6 , that as the camomile doth spread better by treading , the tree growe better by pruning , the Pomander smell better by rubbing , the iron looke better by scouring , and the bodie like better by purging : so the godly might be better by affliction . In a word , were wee not sometime in trouble , wee should forget God : we should not cal vpon his name : nor be distinguished from bastardes : nor conformable to Christ : nor weaned from this world : nor vnderstand Gods will : nor desire to be dissolued and to be with Christ. Vse . Is Dauid afflicted ? who then can iudge of Gods loue or hatred by outward things , Eccles : 9. Dauid in his trouble thought he was cast out of Gods fauour , but hee was deceiued : Dauids enemies thought , that God had forsaken him , but they were deceiued : and euen Gods children doe oftentimes thinke the proude , and rich , and Epicures blessed , but they also are deceiued . To gee on , is Dauid afflicted : 1 , Suspect thine estate , if thou euer art at ease in this world . It is the greatest misery neuer to taste of any misery . 2 , Be patient to endure crosses , since the most godly haue beene thus crossed : 3 , If the righteous scarcely be saued , where shall the wicked and the sinners appeare , 1. Pet : 4. 18. I had perished . ) 2 , Note that Dauid was readie to sincke vnder this burthen , to faint vnder this crosse , to be swallowed vp of these waues , and to perish in this trouble of his . Thus God woundeth , but he healeth againe : casteth downe , but setteth vp againe : killeth , but reuiueth againe : and afflicteth , but comforteth againe . We , before troubles come , are like vnto Peter , wee thinke wee can walke vpon the Sea , but it pleaseth the Lord to send one dangerous storme or other , that we may say with the same Apostle , Helpe maister I perish . But why was Dauid thus readie to perish ? he saw the Sea , but not the Whale : the Egyptian , but not the saluation : the water , but not Christs power walking on the water . He was impatient of delaye , looked too much to man , trusted ouer much in himselfe , and thought more of them that were against him , then God and his Angels that were on his side . And is not this our case when there is but a thinne curtaine drawn for a while betwixt God and vs ? O let him that is exercised with troubles but aske his owne heart of this point . Except thy lawe ) wee haue heard how Dauid was wounded , here is that plaister which cured that wound , namely , the lawe of the Lord his God. He being pursued with the heart betaketh himselfe to these riuers : persecuted , flieth to these mountaines : inuironed , hasteth to these bulwarkes : and afflicted , with delight he comes to these comforters . The word of the Lord is a strong tower , the righteous flieth to it and is deliuered . Here note a difference betweene humane and diuine lawes , Philosophie and diuinitie . Art thou in trouble : what will Philosophie say vnto thee ? all that it can say is but thus much , ferendum est quod vitari non potest , I must vndergoe that which I cannot auoide : But come to diuinitie , it will teach thee whence troubles come , why they are sent , how thou must endure them , by what meanes get out of them : to depend vpon God , repent of thy sinnes , examine thy waies , that the ende will be good , and that death is aduantage vnto thee : it will teach thee , that sinne is pardoned , Sathan vanquished , and that Christ is thy companion in troubles , and crowne after . It is as the sword of Goliah , no weapon like ●●● that spirituall Mannah , no foode comparable to it : and that poole of 〈◊〉 or ●●●●● riuer , into which if thou once descend , whatsoeuer thy disease be , assure thy selfe of cure . But it must be applied , or else it will doe thee no more good , then the bread that is euer in the cubbord , the cloth in the drapers shop , the wine in the vessell , or the medicine which thou keepest euer in thy pocket . Daui● applies it , by delighting in it . My delight ) This word my is very remarkeable : Dauid a great man delighted in the lawes and statutes of God , he made them his counsellors from which ( as from graue Senators ) he euer receiued the best counsell . One faith , that bookes are the best counsellors , because they teach without flatterie : it is not euer true of the writings of men , their maisters teach them to speake silk●n words , but it is most true of the word of God , which as a true glasse sheweth to euery one his proper fauour . If great men would take counsaile here , they would not in so short a time make Rehoboams diuision of their inheritance vpon earth , nor sell heauen Esau-like for a messe of pottage . But because in steed of the booke of God , they delight in dice , cardes , pride , pleasure , luxurie , flatterie , and all vanitie , no maruaile , that the place which did honour them , doth honour them no more . Delight ) In the originall it is the plurall number , delights , as if he should say , all my delight , onely my delight , my chiefe delight . And no meruaile , for what is it that can delight the heart of man to reade of , which is not contained in the booke of God , is it historie ? here is the most ancient , and true historie : is it poesie ? here are most harmonicall , and golden verses ? is it Philosophie , the secrets of nature are heere opened : is it moralitie ? here are most Christian ethiques : is it mysteries ? what greater mysterie then the mysterie of godlines , preached to Adam , shadowed out to the Iewes , manifested in Christ , and reuealed in the word ? is it policie ? Aristotle neuer wrote such politikes as here are : would you reade much in fewe wordes ? Theognis , and Phocylides , and Pythagoras short sentences come farre short of Salomons prouerbes . In a word are we merrie ? here we may sing Dauids Psalmes to Dauids harpe : would we be sorie ? who can reade Ieremies lamentations , and not lament ? In this lawe young and old , rich and poore , high and lowe , males and females may finde that which will delight them . And truely all ought to make it their delight : it is the word of God , the way to life , the sword of the spirit , our fathers testament , the trustiest friend , the most comfortable companion , and the best salue that euer we can applie to our diseased soules . When Chrysosteme was to be exiled by the Emperesse , he comforted himselfe with this saying , The earth is the Lords and all that therein is , Psal. 24 1. when Vrsinus was driuen almost to despaire , he comforted himselfe with this saying , my Father that gaue them me is greater th●n all , and none can take them out of my Fathers hands . Iohn . 10. 29 ▪ Now if we would be knowne to delight in Gods lawe , we must reade it with our eyes , heare it with our eares , treasure it in our memories , ponder it in our hearts , talke of it in our assemblies , and practise it in our liues : least we , with Saul reiecting Gods word , he in the end reiect vs. We should indeed haue this delight , but we haue not , by reason 1. of our naturall corruption : 2. it is against naturall reason : 3. it shewes vs our sores : 4. we thinke it simple : 5. we come with preiudicate opinions ; 6. we say ô it is difficult : 7. we are impenitent : 8. we resolue not of repentance , 9. we thinke those lawes are against our profit : and 10. we see that the maine promises annexed to this lawe are for hereafter in heauen , not on earth . But if with a pure heart , knowledge of the grounds of religion , loue of God , deniall of our selues , faith in Christ , an ayming at Gods glorie , earnest prayer , and an holy admiration of the maiestie , puritie , and power of this word , we set vpon it , we will cast with Ierome all vaine pamphlets out of our hands , and both lift vp our hands to these testimonies , bend our eyes to looke vpon these statutes , and set our hearts to delight in these lawes , especially such as promise saluation . Verse ▪ 93. I will neuer forget thy precepts : for by them thou hast quickened mee . THis afflicted good man is nowe comforted : his comfort came from the delight of Gods law , he thinks of it , he feeles the force of it , and therefore to the end he might euer receiue the like comforts , he will bind himselfe by a promise to the Lord , that he will neuer forget his precepts : adding a reason , they were to him spirit and life , ( By them I will neuer forget . ) Hee that neuer thinketh of times , and things past , his life is no life , saith Seneca . Memorie , it is the storehouse of all such things as wee see , heare , or inuent . A forgetfull minde , is like the lande of Sodome , in which nothing groweth which perisheth not ; or that L●thean Lake , in which nothing commeth which dyeth not : or the Ostrich , that forgetteth her egges : or Messala Coruintes , who forgot his owne name : or a casting stomacke , that casteth vp whatsoeuer it receiueth . There are foure things which wee must forget ; first , wrongs , Leuitie . 19. 18. 2. Benefites bestowed : Matth. 6. 3. 3. The pleasure taken in sinne : Rom. 6. 21. 4. The progresse alreadie made in godlinesse . Philipp : 3. 3. But manie things there are , that wee must euer remember ; as first , the mercies of GOD , Psalm . 103. 2. 2. His Iudgements , Psalm . 119. 52. 3. The day of death : Luke , 12. 19. 20. 4. The day of Iudgement : Eccles. 11. 9. 5. The death of CHRIST ▪ 2. Tim : 2. 8. 6. The vanitie of this world , Psal : 1 19 ▪ 96. 7. The ioyes of heauen : 2. Cor. 4 ●7 . 18. 8 The torments of hell : 2. Thess : 1. 8. 9. 9. The confusion of the carelesse : Prou. ●4 32. 10. The taking away of the godly : Isaiah , 57. 1. 2. 3. 11. The liues of the godly to follow them : Phil : 3. 17. and 12. The law of God , to keepe it . I heare many complaine of bad memories : they cannot carry away any thing of a sermon , they forget all they reade of Gods word , or good bookes ; Why ? canst thou comming to an Enter●ude remember much of it , and of a sermon dost thou forget all ? Art thou able to repeate many daintie dishes set before thee in thine owne house , & not to record any one so much as tasted of in Gods house ? If thine appetite were spirituall , thy memorie would be more firme then it is ? Olde men haue bad memories , yet neuer forget where treasure is laide . O but I would faine get a good memorie . If I were a Physitian , I might speake of many good meanes for that purpose , or an Orator , appoint images to place words in : but I am to speake now as a diuine . I aduise thee therefore to vse 1. temperate dyet : 2. attention : 3. delight : 4. meditation , or chewing of the cud , saying to thy soule when thou commest home , my soule , what hast thou bene taught to day ? 5. conference . 6 ▪ practise , Vse memorie , and haue memorie ; 7. presse not memorie with ouermuch at once . 8. write , but take heed that thy booke be not more learned then thy breast ; 9. binde thy selfe euer to remember somewhat , especially , that which doth most concerne thee : 10. hoc age , doe that only for which thou commest , let not thy minde be at home , when thou art at Church : 11. draw euer as much as thou canst remember into a short praier : 12. teach others that which thou hast learned . 13. consider that the ende of the word is the saluation of thy soule : 14. and lastly , change that good word into good works . I had rather with Dauid remember Gods precepts , then with that mighty gouernour Mithridates , bee able to speake two and twenty seuerall languages , and to call with another , euery souldier of many thousands in his Campe , by their owne names . For by them thou hast quickened mee : ] Ten seuerall times in this one Psalme , doth the Prophet make mention of this quickening , partly by the way of supplication , that hee might be quickened , and partly by way of exaltation , that hee was quickened : as in this place where he protesteth with ioy , that by the power of Gods worde , accompanied with Gods spirit , hee was , ( as it were ) raised from the graue of despaire , to the life of Faith : and so became a liuing , or rather indeede a liuely man. It is reported that a Philosopher being demaunded what good hee got by the studie of Philosophie ? his Answere was , Vt vtramque Fortunam patienter ferre possim : That is : I get this good , that I can patiently beare , either prosperitie or aduersitie . If the rules of philosophie could teach him this , our rules in diuinitie must teach vs as much . By them saith Dauid , thou hast quickened mee . It seemeth that Dauid before was become as a dead man in his owne sense and feeling , but now is reuiued by the word . Thus Gods children , both Ministers and Auditors are not alwayes alike , either in their faith , or the fruites of faith . They haue their waxings and waynings as the Moone , their settings and rysings as the Sun , their ebbings and flowings as the Sea , and their springing and falling as the leafe . And ( as they that are troubled with an intermitting ague ) they haue their good and badde dayes ; Sometimes you shall see them as heauie as lead . 1 , by reason of the weather . 2 , their complexion . 3 , some griefe . 4 , some sinne committed . 5 , some good omitted . 6 , some meanes of saluation not vsed . 7 , some sinne not repented of ▪ 8 , or not fully repented of . 9 , vnthankfulnesse for benefits . 10 , pride of gifts . 11 , to prouoke them to pray . 12 , that they may see what they are when God leaues them : and not to presume vpon their owne strength . At other times obserue with what delight of heart , cheerefulnesse of countenance , volubilitie of speech , nimblenesse of wit , strength of memorie , and dexteritie of the whole man they goe about euery good thing : and what is the cause of all this ? God putteth into them his good spirit , and maketh all things as it were possible vnto them . Hee that knoweth not this , bee hee Minister or Auditor , knoweth little of the Christian combate . Is this so ? 1 , humble thy selfe vnder the mightie hand of God that he may exalt thee in due time . 1. Pet. 5. 7. 2 , despaire not , though sorrowe come in the euening , ioy may come in the morning : they that sowe in teares , shall reape in ioy . 3 , censure not , when men are not alike cheerefull in diuine duties : especially Ministers , who oftentimes partly for their owne sinne , and partly for the sinnes of their auditors , who either pray not for them , or loue them not , or grace them not , or are not worthie of the best things , are put to silence . Augustine reporteth of himselfe , that at his meditations of many sermons hee was often most cheerefull : in the Pulpit on the suddaine heauie . And I heard once a godly man in the like case , speake thus to his auditors . I was neuer so humbled as this day the Lord hath humbled mee in my ministery , because you haue not assisted mee with your prayers . A willing , patient , louing , and charitable auditorie setteth an edge vpon the zeale of the Preacher . 4 , art thou dull ? waite for this quickening ▪ for in comming it will come , and will not tarie . That Martyr founde it , who after the combate of many a dayes conflict , cryed out euen at the stake , Austine , it is come , it is come . Mistris Honnie-wood that worthie woman found it , after many yeares conflict betwixt frayletie and faith : and here the Prophet Dauid found the same . 5 , vse ▪ all holy meanes to stirre vp the graces of God in thee , as men doe to rayse vp one out of a dead sleepe , the neglect whereof is the graue of many graces . 6. feare this relapse into deadnesse of spirit after some extraordinary ioye , and when you haue most meanes . It is strange to see what readinesse there is in many people that want Gods word , to goe many a mile for it , to studie and talke of it : and what small account it is made of amongst them that haue it in abundance . 7 , take heed of the soules languishing , no consumption is like to this . For by them , &c. Quickened hee was ( as hee saith ) by GOD , but yet also by the word ▪ soundly preached , sauingly vnderstood , and particularly applied to the conscience . This then doth the power of CHRISTS death make a man indeede to dye vnto sinne : then doth the power of his resurrection make him to walke on in newenes of life . No Aqua-vitae , or caelestis like vnto this , by which wee haue inward peace of conscience , and an outward obedience to GODS commaundements . Dauid reioyced in this blessing , so ought wee : wee desire to bee euer quicke , and cheerefull to all good duties , it is onely GOD by his spirit in the word that can giue it . ¶ Vers. 94. I am thine saue me : for I haue sought thy precepts . IN the former verse the Prophet felt the spirit of God stirring vp his heart to beleeue Gods promises , heere it becomes the spirit of supplication ; for he yet feeling terrors within , and troubles without , crieth to his Sauiour , Saue me ô Lord. Yea Dauid , but thou art a grieuous sinner , thinkest thou that God will heare sinners ? didst not thou affirme Psal. 66 18. if I regard iniquitie in mine heart , God will not heare me ? why then prayest thou vnto me ? why Lord , I am thy seruant and the Sonne of thine handmaide , I am thine , saue me : yea but many , very hypocrites will say , that they belong vnto me ; how prouest thou that thou art mine ? He that seeketh to know and doe thy will he is thine , but I haue sought to know and to doe thy will , therefore I am thine , and this is the summe of this verse . Saue me ) Saluation then belongeth to the Lord. Psal. 3. 8. yea it belongeth to him alone , he saueth both man and beast ; an horse is a vaine thing in the day of battell , neither is any man deliuered by mans might . He is that Aiacis clypeus , vnder which we are safe , those Eagles wings , vpon which we are carried : that strong tower , to which we must resorte : and a very present helpe in the time of trouble , when neither the wisedome of thy minde , nor the strength of the body , nor the gold in thy chest , nor the endeuours of thy friends , nor the multitude of an armie , nor the defensed citie , can doe thee any good , then the name of the Lord is a strong tower , euery righteous Dauid may flie vnto it , and is deliuered . How often doth God complaine of Israel , that they had trusted in man , and in the power of man , and did not make him their saluation ? It is mans nature to relie more vpon outward meanes , as physicke in sicknes , friends in disgrace , an hoast in warre , &c. then vpon God. But he that without this captaine will conquer , shall haue Zenacharibs reward ; without this Pilote will enter vpon the sea shall haue Pharaohs reward ; without this Physitian will be cured shall haue Asahs reward : and he that will pray vnto any other for helpe saue the God of Israel , shall in the ende haue the reward of B●all , Prophets . When all saile vs , God will not saile vs. Cast thy burthen vpon the Lord , and he will nourish thee , Psal. 55. 23. cast your care vpon him for he careth for you 1. Pet. 5. 7. Saue me ) with the Prophet let vs at all times , in all places , for all persons , vpon all occasions call vpon God. For 1. it is his commandement : 2. a part of his worship : 3. an honour to him : 4 a testimonie of our faith : 5. it distinguisheth him from idols , vs from idolaters . 6 By it we obtaine all things : 7. our many wants moue vs to this dutie . 8. all nations call vpon their Gods , shall not Ionah call vpon his God ▪ 9. By it we talke with God : 10. the contrarie argueth an Atheist . Psal. 53. 4. Say therefore in all troubles , Saue me ô Lord for thy mercy sake . 1. But remember that thou must call vpon God alone forsaluation . The Gentiles that know not God , haue many other Sauiours : the idolaters that knowe not God aright haue many also . But cursed is the image , and the image maker : an idol is nothing , nothing worth , it workes nothing : The learned Papist knoweth this , the ignorant must not . 6. If they would not haue the poore people to adore their breaden God , why doe they make it at sometimes to bleede ? or their wooden gods , why doe they cause them sometimes to speake , otherwhiles to sweate , many times to smile , and oftentimes to stretch forth the hand to receiue oblations offered vnto them ? Origen saith well , Impossibile est vt qui Deum rectè nouit supp ex sit statuae ▪ It is impossible that he who truely knoweth God should fall downe before an image . Lactantius said well , Non dubium est quin nulla sit tbireligio , vbi simulacrum est . How shall they call vpon him whom they haue not beleeued ? how shall they beleeue on them which are no Gods , but the worke of mens hands . I am thine . ) This indeed is an excellent motiue , to drawe from the Lord helpe in trouble . I am thine , thine by creation , I was made by thee : thine by adoption . I was assigned ouer to thee : thine by donation , I was giuen to thee : thine by marriage , I was espoused to thee : thine by redemption , I was purchased by thee : thine by stipulation , I haue vowed my selfe vnto thee . Saue me , for I am thine : Then 1 : God hath especiall care of his : 2. he aboue the rest hath regard of his annoynted : 3. a sinner may be Gods child , nay vnlesse a sinner first , not Gods at all : The whole haue no need of the Physitian , but such as are sicke , 4. none can truely call vpon God but such as are perswaded they belong to God. 5. a man may , nay he must be perswaded that he is Gods childe . 2. Cor. 13. 5. Omnis anima ( saith one ) est aut sponsa Christi , aut adultera diabols , Euery soule is either the spouse of Christ , or the diuels strumpet He will not be his owne , he must not be the diuels , he dares not be the worlds , he is Gods owne childe , he will not serue two maisters . In this seruice is true libertie , to be Gods sonne is the truest nobilitie . We thinke the Barbarians seelie people , who in many places of the world preferre iron , or leade , or some base mettall before gold , but as for such amongst vs as make gold their God , wee thinke them wise men : seest thou a man wise after this sort ? there is more hope of a Barbarian then of him . For I haue sought thy precepts . ) Many signes there be , and trials of our adoption , as Rom 8. 15. I he spirit witnesseth to our spirits that we are the children of God : and , Io● . 3. 14 ▪ by this we knowe that we are translated from death to life because we loue the brethren . And Ioh. 8. 47. He that is of God heareth Gods words . But to seeke out the knowledge of Gods will , and to practise it in life and conuersation , this is the very badge of Gods childe . Reade but this one Psalme , and you shall finde Dauid many times protesting his loue to Gods lawe , promising his obedience to Gods commandements , praying for knowledge of Gods will , and valuing this treasure aboue all the treasures of the earth . Seeke them to knowe , knowe to remember , remember to beleeue , beleeue to practise , and you shall be blessed in your deed . It is curiositie to seeke onely to knowe , or at least to knowe that which is aboue our knowledge , it is pietie to seeke to knowe and doe those things which belong to the peace of conscience , and pure conuersation . ¶ Vers. 95. The wicked haue waited for me to destroy me : but I will consider thy testimonies . HE prayed before that God would saue him , had he not need thinke you when the wicked waited to destroy him ? thus this and the former verse haue their coherence . Here then he complaineth against his aduersaries , and protesteth notwithstanding his recourse to Gods word . He describeth his aduersaries , by their names , calling them wicked ones ▪ 2. by their diligence they lay waite . 3 by their malice , they waite to destroy him . For the first , the hebrew word translated wicked , if the letters be transposed signifieth a rich man , because it is hard to finde goods and goodnes , riches and righteousnes in one person : and I thinke that Salomon calleth riches , the treasures of iniquitie ▪ Prou. 10. 2. not onely because they are gathered by badde meanes , but also because , often their owners are bad men . These wicked persons , strangers from the wombe , the sonnes of men , the children of Beliall , scoffing Ishmaels , parasiticall Doegs , persecuting Sauls , Dauid often complaineth of in this Psalme as veres . 23. 52. 61. 69 78 85. 87. 110 241. 157 261. and here , and in many other Psalmes . And surely not without cause , for many were these euill spirits that vexed him , his brother Eliab accused him of pride , Goliah the Philistine despised him to his face , Saul the King hunted him as a partridge , Doeg the Edomite slandered him to his Lord , Absolon his sonne draue him out of his kingdome , Achitophel his counsellor counselled against him , M●cho● his wife contemned him in her heart , Shemey his subiect rayled on him , in his miserie , Nabal the Charmelite played the churle with him , and they that did eate of his breade , and were entertained as friends became in the ende his vtter enemies : and all because the Lord loued him , and he followed that which good was . When Caine and Abel can agree in one field ; Ishmael and Izaak in one house , Iakob and Esau in one wombe , then shall the wicked and godly agree together , not before : see Prou : 29. 29. It is the nature of the wicked to be opposite to the good , and persecutors of the godly , therefore are they compared to Lions , Beares , Tygers , Bulls , Serpents , Adders , Archers , and Foulers : the godly man is the Partridge , they the Hauke . 1. let the Hauke all her lifetime sit vpon her Lords fist , yet when she dies she is but cast vpon the dunghill : let the Partridge be chased all the daies of her life : yet after her death , she shal be brought in a siluer dish to her Lords table . Yet knowe , that if thou oppose thy selfe against the godly , thou art to be reputed but a wicked man. Waited : ) They were vigilant , diligent , and wise to doe hurt , neuer did Cat so waite for the mouse , or Wolfe for the sheepe , or Lion for the Lambe , or Hauke for Partridge , or Fouler for Bird , or the Souldier for his enemies as they waited for him : they bent their bowe , they made readie their arrowes vpon the string , that they might secretly shoote at him that was vpright of heart . Dauid complaineth of this , so may wee : Dauid prouided for these , so ought we : and though they waite day and night , and lay all kindes of battes that can be , yet in the ende Dauid hath the best ; for in the name of the Lord he shall destroy them . This is our comfort , waite they may , but they can doe no more Luke . 22. 31. For me ) Dauid had many followers in the time of his troubles , yet his aduersaries aymed especially at his life : Strike say they the Shepheard , and the sheepe shal be scattered : Stub vp the roote and the branches will wither : chop off the heade , and the members will perish ; if Dauid be once gone , who shall resist ? Thus the worthiest Princes , grauest counsellors , and most vigilant Ministers , haue euer beene the marke of wicked Archers . Thus like the King of Aram they say 2. Chron : 18. 31. Fight you not with small or great , but against the King of Israel onely . Experience wee haue had of this in the daies of our gracious Queene Elizabeth of happie memorie , and our worthie King Iames , whom the Lord long keepe to rule ouer vs , that the iawebones of the Lions may be broken before euer he be giuen a prey to their teeth . To destroy ) Before he shewed their vigilancie in wayting , now he declareth their malice in destroying , nothing will quench their thirst but his blood , he vsed all kindnes to them , they practised all crueltie towards him . Thus the wicked neuer leaue till they haue killed , they will persecute , and take , and destroy to roote out the memoriall of the godly out of the earth . Haman could not be satisfied vnlesse the Iewes were destroyed : nor the Scribes , vnlesse Christ were crucified : nor the Persian Sages till Daniel was deliuered , not the Pa●●●●an Massakerers till the Protestants were killed . The Lion is often satisfied when hee hath brought ▪ vnder his prey , the Beare will not be satisfied till it be deuoured . But I will consider thy testimonies ) It was a grieuous temptation to be sought for to slaughter , but a greater mercie to consider Gods testimonies , euen then when his life was sought for ; had it not beene for the consideration of Gods testimonies a thousand to one he had fallen away . But I ) Though I was thus assaulted yet I despaired not of thine aide : cast not off my calling : was not carelesse of mine estate : vsed no deceit : could not flatter : auenged not my selfe : became no polititian : confessed no fault where none was committed : trusted not in my sword : went not to witches as Saul did : but being assured of the innocencie of mine heart , the goodnes of my cause , the helpe of my God , and his comfort in trouble , I considered thy testimonies . It is good for a Christian not euer to arme himselfe with the weapons of flesh , but to put vpon him the armour of the spirit , which she must fetch out of Gods armorie . Consider thy testimonies . ) Bernard wrote 5. bookes of consideration to pope Eugenius , They that consider Gods testimonies , that is , the commandements of God , which were testimonies to the Israelites that they were bounden to keepe them , and the couenant of grace testifying to all Gods mercy in Christ , haue no great neede of those bookes , no if it were the Pope himselfe , who I am perswaded doth not reade much of Gods booke . This consideration will make vs patient in trouble , forgetfull of wrongs , and in the end we shall get such a conquest of our aduersaries , that they shall say to vs as Saul did to Dauid 1. Sam : 24. 17. 18. My sonne Dauid thou art more righteous then I. ¶ Vers. 96. I haue seene an end of all perfection : but thy commandem ●t is exceeding large . IN his precedent meditation he considered Gods testimonies , here he breaketh out into acommendation of them , and by the consumption of things vpon earth , obserues the consummation of the word of God. Where note first that the most perfect earthly things are but imperfect , they shal haue an end . The goodliest cities seuelled with the earth the mightiest Empires deuided into Dukedomes , the auncientest buyldings come to the ground , and the greatest Monarches haue not long left their inheritāce to their children ▪ where is Salomon with all his royaltie ? Absolon with all his beauty ? Diues with all his wealth ? Haman with all his honour ? Sampson with all his strength ? Achitophel with all his wisedome ? yea or Dauid with all his victories ? they are gone , and so gone , that man must say , as Dauid once said , surely euery man , nay euery thing , in his best estate is vaniti● : van●●tis of vanities , all is vanity : We that now liue , nay the greatest that now liue , what shal become of vs , ours , them & theirs , but an hundred yeares hence , which yet is the age of some one man ? Alternante rota moras mutantur in horas Omnia , nunc huius , mea cras , post nescio cuius . The turning wheele things changeth all , His now , mine then , next haue who shall ? Aetas nostra canit Veneres , postrema triumphos . This age of ours sings songs of loue : The next of triumphs got by loue . 2. Dauid like a wise man , sees this with his eye , & ponders it with his heart . A wise memēto for al mē : quod cuiquā cuiuis , that which may come to al men , may come to euery man , and mansion vpō earth . It is the point of a wise man to obserue the passages of honours & honourable personages in the world , and it wil make him to say , No● a●tum sap●re sed time , be not high minded but feare , Rom : 11. As they haue beene , so I may be . As Dauid the father had these eyes , so also had Salomon his sonne , Preu : 24 30. I passed ( saith he ) by the field of the slothfull , and by the vyneyard of the man destitute of vnderstanding . 31. And lo● it was all growne ouer with thornes , and n●ttles had couered the face thereof and the stone wall was broken downe 32. And I behold , and considered it well : I looked vpon it and receiued instruction . Happie are they that haue such eyes . But thy commaundement , &c. ) out of the imperfection of other things he gathers the perfection of Gods word . And in truth what is the drosse to the gold ? 〈◊〉 Christus , ama●el●it mundus . If once the glad tydings of the Gospel affect vs , the sweetnes of this world will be bitter sweet , or rather indeed meere bitternes vnto vs. Exceeding large . ) Extending to al times , persons , places , actions , & circumstances of actions : The auncient lawes of the Persians , Grecians , and Romans are gone , or at the least mos●lie gone in their gouernments : but the word of our God will endure for euer in it selfe , and make vs to endure for euer : This one verse is an excellent meditation for great ones that they presume not , meane ones that they repine not , and all that they build not vpon this presēt world . We see now an healthful , & happy time , do we know how long it wil cōunue ? we doe not . There dyed in the yeare 160● . in , and about this Citie of London fortie two thousand nine hundred eightie and nyne persons , whereof of the plague thirtie sixe thousand eight hundred si●●e and two . Our sinnes deserue the like desolation , the Lord giue vs comfort out of that word of his , which is able to comfor●al , & to teach them of whom , by whom , vnder whom , to what , and aboue what things they are , and that they shall haue an inheritance with them that are sanctified . PORTION . 13. MEM. Vers. 97. Oh how loue They law ? it is my meditation continually . THis Psalme is a liuely representation of a man regenerate , and teacheth vs , what are , or ought to bee his meditations , his exercises , and his affections ; so that by how much a man shall haue found himselfe to bee truly conuersant in this Psalme , so much may hee thinke himselfe to haue profited in regeneration : and by how much the lesse hee hath found , that hee is lesse occupied in the practise hereof , so much he is to suspect himselfe to faile and come short of newnesse of life . In these dayes , because wee attribute so much to ministeriall knowledge , and haue felt so little profit by the teaching of the Spirit , and seeing we brag so much of faith , & haue so little loue ; lastly , whereas wee boast of our professiō , and yet are so little profited in holy conuersation , the Lord for such contempt of his trueth , doth * now teach vs by deluding spirits , and fantasticall deuisers , and the lying Familie of loue . Wherefore vnlesse we be more enflamed with a loue of the truth , and an hatred of heresie , than we haue been ; it may come to passe , that as in the Primitiue Church the Gospell of Iesus Christ being preached at the first , of men of the lowest state , and afterward for the good liking of it , was brought to bee preached after the more learned sort : euen so heresie now beginning in the vnlearned and ignorant people , may by the iust iudgement of God , for the contempt of the word , take place euen among the best learned . For it is as easie for the Lord in his iudgements , to send a lying spirit into foure hundred learned men , as to suffer the common Israelites to bee deluded therewith : so then we haue the mysteries of iniquitie to teach the mysteries of righteousnes , and we must learne loue of them , which are the abusers of loue . Wherefore if wee desire to know Christ crucified by the spirit in his word , if wee will know him to be our Prophet , our Priest , and our King , we must be new creatures , for the olde things are gone , and new things haue succeeded them in their place ; wee must let loue be laborious in vs , and fruitfull in good workes . But when wee haue not so good misliking of heretikes , wee shall finde them as the grashoppers of Egypt , we shall see new and old enemies ioyne together , to the great dishonour of our God. Oh , how I loue thy lawe . We haue then in this verse a iust occasion to examine our selues , how we profit in the loue of Gods word , wherein the Prophet for our example and imitation , pathetically protesteth , how he loueth the word of the Lord , & to declare that it was not in outward shew , but in inward affection ▪ and that he did not indeede delude himselfe , as we do in many things , he proueth it by effects , for that here alone is true wisedome , and not elsewhere to bee found . Wherefore it shall not bee amisse , to gather all such proofes , whereby we may see his loue was vnfained , and came from the bottome of his heart . The first is a speciall hatred that hee had to the contrarie , that is , to all false religion , opposed to the true seruice of God. Secondly , it may be shewed in the circumstance of the time , and that for two causes , both in respect of the lawe , which then had little countenance , and in respect of his person , which then did suffer contempt . The third is the reposing of his felicitie in the word , when either he felt the sweete promises of God , or his inward man delighted with the law , in that he preferred it before all profit , pleasure , & glorie , with which things naturall men are most delighted : as also his great griefe of minde , when either he felt not such comfort in Gods promises , or his inward man not delighting in his word ; or when he saw any other trāsgressing the same . The fourth is , his careful vsing of the means , which were many , namely , his conference with Gods children , either in reaching his gifts vnto them , or in the participating of their gifts with him , his praying , & praysing of God ▪ his holy meditations , and his vowing with himselfe to keepe the law of the Lord. In that so vehemently he bursteth forth into this speech , Oh how loue I the law ? we are to see his great zeale , to compare our selues with it ; and where he saith , 〈◊〉 , we are to learne , that if we finde in our selues any wearinesse and loathsomnesse to this exercise , we are not as yet sound at the heart . Concerning this word , thy law , we may note , that he putteth the law of God , & his loue thereunto , for his loue to God , for this end , because euery man wil say , that he loueth God ; as the Turke , the Pope , the Familie of loue ; but few of vs , and none of them , doe loue his word . For is there any heretike , or hath bin , who perswadeth not himselfe , and would perswade others , that he loueth God ? Wherefore to our vse , we must know , that if we feare the Lord , we must feare him in his threatnings denounced by his word ; if we say , we loue him , we must loue his promises contained in his truth ; if we obey him , we must obey his commandements reuealed in his will ; if we will worship him , we must worship him according to the prescript rule of his owne ordinances . For the first reason , which we haue shewed to be , the heartie hatred of false doctrine , or false religion , he saith , Portion 15. * vers . 1. I hate vaine inuentions , but thy law doe I loue . And in Portion 21. * vers . 3. I hate false hood and abhorre it but thy law doe I loue . And in the fourth Portion vers . 5. he ●larly prayeth against it , saying , Take from me the way of ly●●g , and gra●●t me gratiously thy truth . Where we see , that as the mail of God sheweth his loue to the truth , so he sheweth his hatred to lies . Neither must we vnderstand here , that which he calleth the way of lying , for a breach of any particular commaundement , but for a generall breach of the whole law of God , & for a thing opposite to the truth of Gods word : so also is it to be vnderstood , when the Spirit of God calleth Satan , the father of lies , that is , of fained and forged doctrine , both in religion and life , as also God is said to be the Father of all truth . Now it is manifest , I neede not , as I thinke , to shew this out of the Law , nor by the Prophets , nor by the example of godly Kings , how it is by precept commaunded , and by practise vsed : onely we will shew a few places in stead of many , Deut. 7. vers . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Deut. 13. 6. 7. Zach. 13. 3. Where we may see , that naturall loue shall giue place to heauenly loue ; the second table must giue place to the first ; and the loue of man to the loue of God. Psal. 16. 4 the Prophet professeth , that he will not once make mention of their names within his lips . For examples we may see Reuel . 2. 6. how acceptable it was in the sight of the Lord , that the Church of Ephesus hated the heresie of the Nicolaitans : and Reuel . 3. 15. the Spirit of God reprooueth the Laodiceans , because they were neither hot nor cold . So grieuous a thing is it in the eyes of the Lord , when the world will rather take vp false religion , than zealously gainsay it . But it may be , that their ciuill conuersation , and outward courtesie , doth much slake our hatred against their superstition and heresies . But what ? is this such a thing to bleere our eyes ? hath not the like kinde of life beene pretended in the Pope , in the Turke , and in other kinde of heretikes ? But we must know , that we are espoused vnto Iesus Christ , and that two manner of waies : first , by pure meanes ; then by single and pure hearts rightly vsing those meanes , by whose Gospell preached seeing we through him are washed and purified , to be presented a bride blamelesse before God , shall we thinke that presumptuous sinne shall preuaile against vs ? It may be we shall faile in some particular things , but it shall not breake the whole course of our life : we may sinne of humaine frailtie , but we shall not sinne of diuellish hypocrisie ; temptations may giue vs a foyle , but they shall not finally ouercome vs ; sinne may dwell in vs , but it shall not raigne ouer vs. Now when a man will be ouerwise and ouer righteous , not contenting himselfe with those waies , which the Lord in his word hath set downe , he cannot be sound , because his religion being corrupt , his life cannot be vncorrupt . On the contrarie , if we finde our sinnes to be couered in Christ , that our ignorance is enlightened by his wisedome , our guiltie liues iustified by his righteousnesse , our vncleane affections sanctified by his holinesse , and our miserable and vnstaied spirits staied vpon the hope of his redemption , we may boldly say sinne shall not raigne , and ouer master vs , seeing God hath iustified vs , who will come and lay any thing to our charge ? Wherefore seeing we are purified by faith , and our faith is grounded on Gods word , and seeing all their ciuill behauiour is hidden vnder hypocrisie , couered with selfe-loue , and stuffed with vaine-glorie , we may boldly say they are but hypocrites deceiuing vs with the histrionicall visard of ciuill righteousnesse . Furthermore , if we shall compare the estate of the Church of God , with the condition of the malignant Synagogue , we shall see them as farre differing , as the light and darknes , as the shadow and the body , as God and Be●iall . As to poynt out one estate , namely in affliction , we shal finde in them neither faith , nor constancie , but hypocrisie , and periurie ; no wisedome of the Spirit to desend themselues , but dissembling to hide themselues ; no heauenly ioy , in their suffering no patience of minde , but miserable murmurings , & blockish vnsensiblenesse , no long sufferings , nor heroical spirits when they shal boyle in cauldrons , as some good Christians haue done ; all which notwithstanding we shall finde in Christ his Church , wherein they that suffer are persecuted for the testimonie of a true faith ; their faith is vnremoueable on the word of God , their cōstancie in perseuering wonderfull , their wisedome in answering abounding with courage and humilitie ; their ioy through hope , and as it were a present enioying of the life looked for vnspeakable , their patience vnminishable , which thing whilest the wicked Church goeth about to follow , it is like an Ape imitating a man , and may be compared to the Asse , which would be like a Lion. For da●e heretikes auouch their sects , as the true Church professe Christ and his Gospel ? will they not lie and dissemble , when Christians speak their conscience ? will they not raile , when Gods children speake humbly , and constantly ? doe they not die either like rauening dogges , or else become like blockes and stockes ? so that Sathan seemeth euen to haue possessed them wholy . Let vs see then if the malignant Synagogue doth not so farre differ from the true Church as an Ape from a man , or an Asse from the Lion. Againe , if we looke on them in prosperitie , they are nothing like vnto vs , the Papists curse vs , we in holinesse of the Spirit doe pray for them : their Church the more it florisheth before man , the more abominable it is in the sight of God : our Church is all glorious within , and is the beloued spouse of Christ : finally , they are diuels in m●ns shape ; for euen prophane Christians and Protestants dare not but in great secrecie blaspheme the name of God , prophane his Sabbaths , defile their bodies with adulteries ; yet these men will not sticke to do these things openly ; when light and darknesse with them are so confounded , when ignorance is simplicitie , when euill and good are shuffled together , what constancie can be looked for among men ? They be bleared with the viz●rd of ciuill honestie , which notwithstanding is to our shame , in that they can doe so great things for vaine-glorie , and to get credit to their sect , when we cannot doe halfe so much for Gods glorie , and to maintaine his word . But if we will be politike to spare with Saul ( euill men ) the Lord in his wrath will make vs persecute good men ( for Saul not punishing Agag , did afterward persecute Dauid : ) wherefore our righteous soules must be grieued with the iniquities of our times , and we must shew our zeale in religion by a hatred of lies , howsoeuer they be cloaked with the histrionicall visard of ciuill honestie . For as it is dangerous to aduenture our selues to be ●ainted with the grosse aire of the pestilence : so must we care and make conscience , to keepe our selues from all contagion of pe●ilous vntruthes . The second reason as we said , is the circumstance of the time , both in that his owne person was contemned , as port . 14. 6. The wicked haue laid a snare for me , but I swarued not from thy precepts . As also in that the word of God was so slenderly regarded and almost brought vnto vtter contempt , as in port . 16. vers . 6. It is time for thee Lord to worke , for they haue destroyed thy law . For the first how wonderfully doth it commend his loue to the word , that when they made faire profers , no gaine could get him ; when they began to threaten him , no terrour could dismay him ; when they circumuented him with preferments , no pleasure could preuaile with him , no promise could winne him ? For the second , they oppressed him with iniuries , they vndermined him with benefits , they supplanted him with politike slanders , and set faire faces on their vile causes , and yet none of these did so preuaile , that either their violence could enforce him , nor their liberalitie allure him , nor their policies and subtill cauilling beguile him one whit , to be drawne from the true worship of God , which was an infallible token , that vnfainedly he loued the law . O singular triall , that when the law elsewhere had no entertainment , yet hee did defend it though hee was so highly contemned . Experience doth teach vs , that the more godlinesse is oppressed , the lesse it is regarded , and that not of the vngodly and wicked ones onely , but euen of the very children of God , aswell by calling , as by election . Dauid Psal. 73. saith of himselfe , that he fretted to see the prosperitie of the wicked : Iob , Ieremie , Ab●uck in times past , and many of the Saints of God in our times are greatly troubled and grieued , to see how it goeth with the wicked , and fareth with the godly . This then is a sure token of his loue to Gods word , euen then to esteeme it , when of the times it was hated : neither is this any true triall or argument of the loue of Gods word , to fauour it whilest others doe fauour it , but when all formall liking of it beginneth to decay , then in truth and constancie to professe it , argueth true and constant loue of it . And it must not be strāge vnto vs , that the Church is often vexed with wicked heresies , because it is the infinite iustice of God , when men with feare and loue , doe not obey the truth in a good conscience , whereby they diminish the glorious credit of the childrē of God , to giue them ouer to some horrible heresie . At what time we may see both the grace of God in giuing strength to his to beleeue euen in the middest of heresies , as also the faith of his children euen then to be constant when others reuolt from the truth . As to continue in our former example of Dauid . First he was taunted , when it was said , who is this man ? is it not the sonne of Ishai ? Then being betrothed and contracted to the eldest daughter of Saul , he was deluded and depriued of her . Afterward Saul prouoked him with open violence , how beit still he perseuered in the loue of Gods truth . To applie this to our selues , if a man now a daies ●e called a precisian , or termed by the name of a Puritane , & that some worldlings thus reason with him : What will you become a Precisian ? will you giue ouer and forsake your frends ? and commit your selfe to their companie , who are not able to preferre , pleasure , nor profit you ? wil you now enter so hard a life ? and suffer so odious a name ? Doth it not come to passe , that this first blast bloweth vs away ? Other some can be content to giue their names to God , but when they can take no course to get liuing and preferment , then they begin to shrinke . These men making godlines a gaine , will so long worshippe God , as they may get profit by it . But wee must neither let contempt abash vs , nonbenefits allure vs , and when all law is against vs , and of all wee shall bee troden vnder foote , when wee shall be compassed with so many euils that these temptations wil come vpon vs , it is better for you to giue ouer , than thus to run on , and to put your selfe in danger : that which hath been in you , was but a melancholike humour , if you giue place to such affections , you may hurt your selfe : when all these things shall meete with vs , wee must shew our loue by resisting them and cleauing to Gods lawe . If we be not Ieroboams , yet we may be Rehoboams ; Ieroboam hee set vp Calues ; R●●o●o●● a while determined to keepe the lawes of the Lord , but afterward he fell to 〈◊〉 exercise . This now is a singular triall of his loue , who saith of himselfe for our instructiō , I haue bin had in derision , and the bands of the wicked haue robbed m●●e , &c. They haue fo●●ged lies and laid snares for mee , yet doe I not forsake thy law . So that no iniuries could wearie him , no contempt discourage him , no benefits allure him , no subtill daungers make him to quaile in despaire : his faith was so sound in Gods word , and his loue so pure in an whole heart . One thing we haue omitted in the former reason which here must not be left out . If we be espoused to Christ in the Gospell , we are assured that he will keepe vs from falling , or if we fall he will saue vs from lying in our sinnes . But leauing this , let vs come to the third reason , which was the great felicitie , which hee felt in the word , and the sorrow , which he felt in the contrary . For the first he preferred the word : 1. Before all profit , as port . 16. 7. I loue thy commandements aboue gold , ye● aboue fine gold . 2. Before all pleasures , as port . 13. 7. How sweete are thy promises to my mouth ? yea more than hony vnto my mouth . 3. Before glorie as ▪ port . 8. 1. O Lord thou art my portion , I haue determined to keepe thy lawe . And portion 14. 7. Thy testimonies haue I taken as my heritage for euer , for they are the ioy of my heart . Now , because in a spoyle all these things doe meete together , . Seeing then we are giuen to loue our selues ▪ and to make 〈◊〉 a gaine , or rather loue the word for gaine , pleasure , and vaine glorie , wee shall see how great a thing it is , to loue the word for it owne sake , that is , because it is the word of God ▪ But many will vrge the vse of lawfull things and say , Why may I not eate this mea●e ? may I not weare this fashion ? may I not put on such apparell ? they bee lawfull the●● natures ▪ I answere , that they bee indeede lawfull in themselues , and while the●●● are nakedly considered , and as they are vncloathed of other circumstances ; yet wee are to a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , with meditating on things conuenient , least we turne the libertie of the Spirit to a 〈◊〉 of the flesh . See here how wee loue pleasures more than the word . Some are godly so long as they can get gaine by their godlinesse , who quickly can be cold , when they haue gotten greater preferment in the Church of God. They forget that which wee must remember , that wee must grow in zeale , in loue , in affection , and indiligence , as wee ●●rease in outward things , that we may shew our selues not so much to seeke after profit as after a better life , not vaine pleasure , but pleasure of the minde , not carnall glory out the hope of Gods kingdome . On the other side , wee are to see how his afflictions grew , when hee sawe the neglect or contempt of the law in others : for his eyes failed , his heart was 〈◊〉 , his spirit panted , his fleshe parched away . Thus , whilest hee measured himselfe by the word how his inward man ebbed and flowed in a delight of the word , his ioy increased , and decreased with the estate of the mind , insomuch that hee desired for no other end to liue , than to feele the comfort of Gods promises , and his affections gouerned by the word of God. For he saith , portion 3. 1. Be beneficiall vnto thy seruant , that I may liue and keepe thy word . Wherein he agreeth with a saying of Paul , Galath . 2. 20. I liue , yet not I now , but Christ liueth in mee . But I feare that I speake mysteries and paradoxes vnto a great many ▪ who yet are but naturall men , and may learne these things of simple men in the country . Well let vs learne if wee cannot bring foorth 100 folde , yet let vs bring foorth 60 folde ; if not so much yet at the least 30 folde ; vnlesse we be either stonie ground , who for want of roote , in time of tribulation and persecution will be offended ; or as the thornie ground , being choked with worldly cares ; or as trampled ground , which is troden of all men . And here is one thing to be noted more notable , that is , he was not grieued for himself alone , but euē for others , which made no conscience of Gods word , was he grieuously vexed and tormented , as portio 7. 5. Feare is come vpon me for the wicked , which forsake thy law . And portio 17. 8. Mine eyes gush out with riuers of water , because they keepe not thy law . And in portio 18. 3. My zeale hath euen consumed mee , because mine enemies haue forgotten thy words . He was not onely grieued for his owne incredulitie , but for the incredulitie of others ; he lamented not onely his owne wants ; but also the wants of others ; his glorie was then chiefest , when the word was glorified ; his griefe , when the word sustained wrong , did most abound . Like zeale was in Paul , who cared not for his owne bonds , so the word of God might be free : neither did hee care how much he did suffer for the Gospels sake , which he preached , so others might thereby ●e confirmed . Now if we shall lay this with due examination of our owne hearts to our seuerall liues , we shall see many grieued for their owne sinnes , which are not grieued for the sinnes of others . But if we could be grieued both for our selues and for others , it were an infallible token , that we sought not our selues , but Gods word ▪ Many likewise are comforted , when they finde Gods glory set forth in themselues , who cannot so praise God when they see it in others . Many indeed ( as Io● witnesseth ) can declare ●loquently against the sinnes of others , yet we see few weepe and lame it for them , as he did ▪ But aboue all ▪ notable is that place of the Spirit of God to stirre vs ●●● to this practise , which is Ezech. 9. where a man is mentioned with a writers in●khorne by his side , which is sent of the Lord to goe through the middest of Ierusalem , and to saue from the destroying and reuenging Angell ( which was to come ) all them that mourned and cried for the abominations , which were done in the citie . In which place ▪ by marking the children of God vnto saluation , is shewed the manner of thē , to w●● ▪ to mourne , and c●ie out against the wickednes of the people , which they see committed against Gods glorie . Paul ( 1. Cor. 5. ) sheweth the Corinthians , that they had reiected & despised the incestuous person , but he also telleth them , that they had not mourned for him : the effect where of is set downe 2. Cor. 7. where the Apostle reioyceth , that he had wrought in them a godly sorrow , not to be repented of . We must therefore learne to lament the sinnes of them ; with whom we liue , and specially of them ouer whom we haue charge ▪ least in not so doing we be made guiltie of the sinnes of others . Let vs then away with that carnall emulation in the graces of another , and let vs learne to giue God the praise of his gifts in others , as though they were bestowed on our selues . But alas , our corruption is great here in ▪ and is well set downe ( in Luke ) in the elder brother , who repined at the receiuing of his younger brother into his fathers fauour . Now to draw to the fourth and last reason , which concerneth the meanes vsed of the Prophe● they were these ; conference , prayer , praise or thanksgiuing , and a vowing of his obedience to the Lord , whereof I will speake in order , and of the first : first , I am ( saith he , port ▪ 8 ▪ 7. ) a companion of all them that feare thee , and keepe thy precepts . And port . 10. 7. L●● such ●● feare thee ▪ turne vnto me , and they that know thy testimonies , that I may both * impart my feelings and comforts vnto others , and that they may strengthen me with their gifts : such was his humilitie ▪ that notwithstanding his high calling , he desired euen to profit by others . In naturall things experience doth teach vs , that young men cannot satisfie themselues with a priuate vse of their exercise , but if any one haue inuented a pleasant conceit , he cannot be quiet vntill he haue ioyned himselfe with others therein : such is their loue to their carnall deuices . Which thing if it be so vsuall in earthly things , how much more is it requisite in heauenly things ? Many will studie for a trade and methode by themselues , whereof none shall be partakers , but they will still be the fathers of it : but it was not so in Dauid ▪ but whatsoeuer he had , he would teach it others , and whatsoeuer good thing he heard ▪ he would learne it . He had not this spirit , to say , Tush , I haue enough , I know many things , I neede not to conferre . Paul thanketh the Romanes , and protesteth himselfe a debtor vnto them , for their communicating of spiritual things vnto him . Wherfore let vs exhortione another , wher one another , admonish one another , and watch one ouer another for good ▪ and suffer our selues to bee exhorted to perseuerance , to be whetted for our duties , and to be admonished of our infirmities , and let vs be grieued that wee haue made so little exchange of our talents , to bring so small increase to the Lord. The second meane is prayer : wherfore he said so often , portiō 5. 2. Teach me , O Lord , the way of thy statutes ▪ &c. & portion 9 ▪ 2. Teach me good iudgement and knowledge . Where sometime he delireth to haue his iudgement inlightened ; and sometimes his affections cleered . Well , was hee one that was wiser than Gad and Nathan , and yet had this affection to growe in the knowledge of wisedome , and shall not wee be ashamed , if wee pray not ? He felt this ioy & delight of the word by measure in him , he felt sometimes a cleane heart , sometimes an hard heart ▪ sometimes vnspeakable ioy of mind , sometimes exceeding dulnes of mind , sometime hee seemed to haue enioyed the comforts of Angels , sometimes no comfort at all ▪ So let vs thinke our selues to be as betweene light and darknes , clowdes and brightnes , sometimes hauing patiēce , and sometimes murmuring , sometime purposing to do good , sometime fainting in bringing them to passe . Concerning thanksgiuing , which was another of his exercises , it is said , port . 21. 4. Seuen times a day doe I praise thee , because of thy righteous iudgements . Where hee sheweth , that hee vsed this kinde of worship often ; which thing with vs is farre contrarie , because wee pray more than we giue thankes ▪ The reason is , wee are giuen in greater measure to feele our wants , which prouoketh vs to prayer , than to see Gods benefits receiued , which might moue vs to thanksgiuing ▪ The next meanes , by order the fourth , which the man of God vseth , is here by name set downe , meditation . But some will say ; How commeth it to passe , that among so many and sundrie meanes no mention is made of hearing and reading the word of God ? Wee answere , that this is a Psalme of experience , and not of knowledge . And hee that seeketh for knowledge here will want methode : but wee must trauaile with the Prophet to finde the truth so applied to our hearts , as wee may shewe as well our infirmities , as our excellent graces . Againe , because hearing is the sense of discipline , and many will attend on reading and hearing , which will not bestowe time to conferre , to pray , to giue thankes , to meditate , or vow their obedience to the Lord , he comprehendeth the one in setting down the vse of the other . For if in our reading and hearing for want of meditation we doe not profit , we are as coloured in the Sunne : wherefore wee must admonish , and ●ee admonished ; we must pray , and prouoke to pray ; we must meditate and often thinke o● those things which we haue heard or read . Indeede knowledge , reading , and hearing are sweete euen to a naturall man : ●ut to conferre , to be admonished , to pray , to giue thankes , be things hard and difficult . It may be that some can pray to serue the times , because of the law which constrained them : but how many shall wee finde that doe it priuately , in trueth , and voluntarily ? Some read , and they rest in the generall rules , not making any vse of it to themselues , and so learne that which is another mans , not appropriating it to themselues for want of meditation . Whereof it commeth to passe , that wee see many make a learned sermon in generall precepts , who when they come to particulars , to comfort those that lye sicke , or to raise vp them that are tempted , for want of practise in themselues can say nothing . The very Heathen could grant , and you know who speake it , that a m●●s life was a cogitation of death . But because we can meditate of death , for that we ioyne with it the hope of immortalitie , I say , that a Christian mans life m●y well besaide to bee a meditation of the law of God ▪ and how hee shall stand before Gods iudgement seate . Which meditation in this man of God sheweth , that euen from the heart he loueth the law of God. If we examine our selues , we shall finde our tongues to cleaue to our teeth , and to the roofe of our mouthes ▪ whereby wee see , that we cannot say this with the prophet , that from the abundance of the heart our mouth speaketh For we sinde by practise , that we heare , reade , and sing so coldly , as we shew , that our affections are almost dead within vs. There followeth in the end of the verse , continually . Wee know by proofe of daily experience , that whatsoeuer we loue , of that we continually thinke . And in that this qualitie or circumstance is ioyned with meditation we are taught , that though we must reade , heare , conferre , pray , and giue thanks often , yet we must meditate continually . For as it is absurd to say , that a man should be continually reading , or conferring ; so we must know , that it is requisite in all these things to examine our selues by meditation , whether we reade profitably , conferre effectually , or pray vnderstandingly . That we now haue this continuall meditation , we must pray that we may haue a loue to the word . Loue indeed were of it selfe eloquent enough , if we had it in any good measure ; but to stirre vp this loue , we must vse many reasons about the nature of the word , how it is mysticall , pure , and eternall ; which when we see in truth , we shall loue the word . Where he saith , in it is my meditation , wee must vnderstand , that it was no rouing meditation , but that it was circumscribed within the compasse of the law of God. Now to our profit , let vs learne to meditate according to the law of the Lord , and so , as vnder the generals we may touch the particulars , to make the vse of them in our selues . Thus we haue seene the cause of this effect , to be loue . For as the rich men of this world meditate of gathering goods , naturall louers of their loue , and ambitious men of their preferments ; so the man of God hauing no greater riches , pleasure nor glorie , than in the word , maketh it his whole delight and studie . For where we loue , thither loue doth easily drawe our affections with it . We haue heard why mention is made only of meditation , namely , because it is the life of all the other meanes , and maketh them more fruitfull ; and why his meditation was maried to the law , euen because it excludeth all vaine collections , which proceede of general knowledge . Besides , therefore is meditation named , because it most agreeth with the nature of loue . For though we cannot alwaies be reading , hearing , or talking of those things which we ●●●● , we may alwayes thinke and meditate of them . Now what is the cause , that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is preached , and ●o little is practised , but because wee vse so little conference , prayer ▪ and meditation ? The remedie hereof is , to knowe what a sinne this is , and that among all 〈◊〉 in the day of trouble , none so great to torment our consciences , as that we haue tested in a generall 〈◊〉 , and ●●●●ng of the word , without applying of it to our seuerall practises by meditation . He hath shewed now his loue : in the verses following hee setteth downe the fruite of his loue . For as hee shewed , that the word of God is of such nature , that aboue all other things i● is eternall : so also hee sheweth , that the effects thereof are eternall . And whereas men desire nothing more , than that wisedome whereby they may excel their enemies in policie , their teachers in doctrine , and the aged in counsaile , he declareth that hee made this choyse , to set his loue on Gods word , which performeth all these things . As loue then is the mother that breedeth meditation , and meditation is the nurse to cherish this loue : so here , because the argument of the effect doth most with men preuaile , hee sheweth the mightie power and operation of the word of God. What is the reason why men do not r●st and stay themselues wholy on Gods law ? Surely , because they are not perswaded , that there is such excellent wisedome in the same . We see then , that wee must learne for the generals , to bee wise in sobrietie , and according to the word of God , knowing that the Scriptures are sufficient to touch , to improue , and correct , and to instruct i● righteousnesse , that the man of ●●●● may bee absolute , being made perfect vnto all good workes , 2. Tim. 3. The Wiseman counsaileth vs , Eecles . 7. 18. that wee should not ●●● iust euermuch , ●● make our selues ouerwise , least web : 〈◊〉 . Where he sheweth , that this is the way to bring blockishnes , to make our selues wiser than God , and to deuile to become more iust than the word prescribeth vs. What is the cause why so many are so foolish in their death , when they haue ouerreached themselues , as Achitophel , Surely because the Lord doth in●●uate them , whilest they would be wiser than the Lord , so that their wisdome is 〈◊〉 into childishnes , and their policie commeth to nothing . What is the cause that we are no more occupied in the reading and hearing of the word ? Doubtlesse because it is a base and simple thing in our iudgemen●● and containeth not so high mysteries in it , as the Prophet here setteth downe by proofe in his owne person . Neither must wee thinke , that as it were with a trumpet he doth here blow and sound forth his owne praise , but rather by his example is desirous to stirre others vp . Vers 98. By thy commaundements thou hast made mee wiser than mine enemies : for they are ●uer with me . THe first of the particular effects , is contained in these words : By thy cōmandements thou hast made me wiser than mine enemies . Wee see how men now adayes straine their wits to match their enemies in policies & deuices , but few thinke on this sound meanes , whereby we shall surely preuaile against them . Now if it be so that whatsoeuer is written , is written for our instructiō and comfort , in making mention of the meanes , the Prophet of the Lord doth teach vs , that it was no extraordinarie worke of the Lord proper to him , but a meanes appointed of God for vs all to follow . Whereby hee teacheth vs , that God will blesse vs to attaine to the like wisedome , if we will endeuour to vse the like meanes . To apply this to our profit , wee must gather the particular out of the generall doctrine on this manner : whosoeuer shall haue the commaundements of God euer with him , hee shall be wiser then his enemies , than his teachers , than the ancient : but Dauid did so , or wee doe so : therefore Dauid and we shall finde this wisedome . But some man will say , Experience teacheth vs a cleane contrarie doctrine , that Gods children are not so wise in their light , as the children of this world are in their generation . I answere : That it is true , experience prooueth , and our Sauiour Christ teacheth , but this I adde , that the experience commeth from our small sight of the word , and not for any want of the word it selfe , when Gods children haue it on their side . And our Sauiour Christ his speech tendeth rather to shew what it is , through our corruption , than what it ought to be ; so that iustly he vseth it to our shame . Indeede ciuill wisedome which choketh in them all temptations , with worldly delights , hauing the diuell to be their schoole master , doth worke in them a contentation of minde , while for a season , they smother , as they thinke , the iudgements of God breathing vpon them . And because on the contarie , the spirits of Gods children are occupyed in heauenly things , yet often the flesh so laboureth against the spirit , that whilest they would be wiser than the Lord , or would vse any indirect meanes against their enemies , or in vsing good meanes , faile in prayer , or , in not staying themselues on Gods prouidence , and appointed time of deliuerance , it commeth to passe that they are ouercome . * But whilest they renounce themselues , and their owne wisedome , and craue counsaile of God in his word , and the direction of his Spirit by prayer , whilest they vse good meanes in a good cause , and keeping a good conscience , waite on the hand of the Lorde , they shall bee sure to haue the ouerthrowe of their enemies . Proofe doth teach vs that a silly soule in the Countrey , which walketh in the wayes of the Lorde , will soone discouer the shifting pollicies of a worldly learned man , brought vp in the Vniuersitie ; because the wrath of the Lord hangeth ouer the one , and his mercifull spirit watcheth ouer the other : But so long as wee will shoote with Sathan in his owne bowe , and repell policie with policie , what follie shall be found in vs ? though we can howle loftily with the wolfe , and deale cunningly with the Grecians , when as the Lord will neuer suffer a good cause to be maintained by euill meanes ? Some of vs seeke the word , but in seeking it we rest in our owne good meaning , not humbling our selues before the Lord ; but our wisdome herein must come from the spirit . For we can no more by the eie of reason , see the light of the word , then Howlets looke vpon the bright Sunne . Wherefore the Lord will haue vs in all controuersies with our aduersaries , to depend on him , and to know , that the cause must not depend on our owne shoulders , then must we by faith in the bloodshedding of Christ , beleeue that our sinnes , neither new nor old , shall hinder the helping hand of the Lord. We must trust on Gods prouidence and promises , and stay our selues by prayer on his wisedome , if we look to be wiser than our aduersaries . An excellent example hereof we haue to proue , that secret sinnes not repented of , may hinder the Lords dealing with vs against our enemies . We read that after that filthy incest mentioned in Iudg. 17. which made the Leuite ( whose wife was abused ) to cut her in twelue peeces , and send her through all the parts of Israel ; there was warre betweene the Beniamites and Israel , and the Beniamites being but few in number , and maintaining an euill cause , in two battels ouercame the Israelites , vntil at length they humbled themselues with prayer and fasting , and repented of that euill which was amongst them : so that in the third assault , the Lord gaue his people strength mightily to preuaile against their enemies . So we may haue a good cause , and vse good meanes , and yet for want of reconciling our selues to God for some sinne new or old , we may suffer the ouerthrow . If then our cause be good , we must vse good meanes , faith in Christ , trust in his prouidence , and staying our selues on his wisedome . Doe we not see by experience , how the Martyrs of God humbling themselues on this maner , preuailed in mightie power against their accusers ? Deut. 4. Moses sheweth , that the enemies of God were driuen to confesse , that only Gods people were wise , euen because God gaue them good lawes . This was it that made Ioseph wiser than his brethren , Moses wiser than the Egyptians , and Daniel than all the Magicians of Babylon , and Dauid than all his politike enemies . Marke ( I pray you ) all figuratiue , hyperbolicall and darke speeches , the Metaphors and Parables , which are in the word of God , and you shall finde , that they were learned people to whom the bookes were written , and had attained that measure of wisedome and knowledge , which in our time none can vnderstand , but they which are brought vp in learning : which thing we may also obserue in them , of whom the Histories of the booke of God are written , and yet who were more blockish then the Iewes , after they had transgressed so obstinately the law of the Lord ? But shall wee vnderstand this , as though the children of God were in euery particular action wiser then the wicked ones ? No , but onely in those things , and then , wherein and when they vsed this wisedome of the Spirit , and gaue themselues and their causes to be gouerned according to Gods word . Looke on Dauid , who though hee was wise , so long as he kept a good conscience , yet harkening to policie , and not willing to stay himselfe on the simplicitie of Gods word , how suddenly was hee ouercome , and yeelded so farre , that he dissembled euen to fight against Gods enemies ? Whiles he was in his fetching policies , did not the Lord send enemies the instruments of destruction to his wife and children ? Whilest he would rest on God hee was wise , but when he would number his people , he was confounded . What did his policie in adulterie preuaile , to disguise in such sort Vria● , to make him drunken , to set him in the forefront of the battaile , was he not much foyled ? Salomon , who whilest he walked before the Lord , was wiser than his father Dauid , when hee gaue himselfe to many wiues , and began to be secure , and to runne into grosse Idolatrie , was greatly displeasing in the sight of the Lord. Iehosaphat so long as he obeyed the Lord , was feared , but when in policie he ioyned himselfe in affinitie to a wicked King , he was almost confounded , and surely had been punished , had hee not in repentance turned , and humbled himselfe before the Lord , whose policie also in ioyning his ships with the ships of Ahaziah , was afterward punished in his posteritie . Vers. 99. I haue had more vnderstanding than my teachers , for thy testimonies are my meditation . IN the second particular effect , the Prophet saith , he did excell his teachers , which hee doth not to bragge or boast of himselfe , but commending the free graces of God , he stirreth vp himselfe to make other men not onely to content themselues , with a care of hearing the word , but also to make conscience of meditation . This then is le●t of the Spirit of God for our comfort , in that we may find the like fruite , vsing by praier the like meanes ; so that if we bring not forth an hundreth fold , yet threescore , or at the least thirtie fold , according to Gods wisedome . True it is , that the scholler often becommeth better learned than the teacher , which is a singular blessing of God , that the learned man should ascribe nothing to himselfe , and to giue God the glorie , hee enlighteneth where he thinketh meete , and encreaseth when he seeth it good . Now we may see this by experience euen in heathen men . Aristotle was wiser than his Maister Plato , in whom this blessing of God appeared , in that they ioyned studie and meditation with their learning . In Law & Physicke they are most frequented , who with much reading haue vsed much musing and practising . None either in peace or warre haue euer gouerned excellently , but they were great musers , and did often sequester themselues from company , then more freely to attend on meditation . This doctrine shall be taught in a contrarie thing . We know there is a speciall kinde of musing , whereby Sathan doth often teach and communicate things to many in greater measure , than they can receiue by all the books in the world ; so also there is a speciall meditating , whereby the spirit of God communicateth to vs more heauenly things than either wee heare or reade . As when Sathan will polish a mans wit to any euill , hee will haue him to waite on him : so God would haue vs to fill our iudgements in the particular meditation of things heard , to see how all circumstances hold and faile . This is then the wit which experience confirmeth , that when wee are taught any thing , which by reason is conceiued , wee can adde , if this bee true , then that is false ; if it holdeth in the lesser , then it holdeth in the greater . On this sort let any man heare with meditation , he shall finde something by the generall rule heard : hauing the Spirit of God for his teacher , which the Preacher had not , or saw not , or seeing expressed not . Doe they then most profit , who after hearing doe meditate , and see more by the ministerie of the Spirit , than by the ministerie of the Pastor ? Let vs marke it then , by the blessing of God vpon it , and let vs note the contrary by Gods curse vpon it . What is the cause that there is so little profit by the ordinarie ministerie of the word , and so great fruites arise , where it is more seldome vsed ; but because meditation is the life of learning , and the death of things conceiued is the want of musing ? Mans minde is infinite , which nothing can satisfie but God or the diuell ; and continually rolleth either in good or ill . In that he addeth , thy testimonies are my meditation , wee must note , that to haue a sound meditation , wee must be circumscribed within the limits of the word , otherwise it will be erroneous ; but being ioyned with knowledge , it refineth our knowledge , and teacheth the vse of it . If Philosophers saw that a mans life was a meditation of death , whereby as they abstained from many pleasures , they became neuerthelesse very vaine-glorious , yet could they not attaine to any sound comfort , because they were destitute of the hope of a better life . But Gods children meditating on the last iudgement day make a conscience of many things past , pare away many present corruptions , and sigh for the remembring of their poysoned temptations to come . How godly people haue excelled their teachers , it needeth not long proofe out of the Scriptures . Moses excelled all the learned men in Egypt , Daniel surpassed all the Magicians in Babylon , Paul excelled his teacher Gamaliel , because though the Egyptians were learned , and the Babylonians profound ; yet Moses and Daniel refined their knowledge ( humane ) with the studie of Gods word . And Paul being brought vp in the doctrine of the Iewes vnder Gamaliel , after he came to meditate on the Gospell of Christ , excelled not onely his teachers , but ouer-reached all other of the Apostles , in heauenly knowledge . We may then blush at the great knowledge in times past , but herein we may be comforted , because they as they were wise , were also wicked : but we may be as wise vsing their meanes , and more godly meditating on the word , which cutteth off all errors in doctrine , and corruptions of life . Againe , Elie brought vp Samuel , who proued wiser than Elie by his continuall meditation . Salomon excelled Dauid by studie and prayer , vntill he forgetting himselfe , gaue himselfe to women . Paul was taught of Ananias the principles of religion , but he excelled him as far in the learning of the Spirit , as he surpassed Gamaliel in the doctrine of the Iewes . Let vs marke then the blessings of spirituall meditations , which make vs fit in wisedome to admonish , and in the spirit of consolation to comfort . For in my iudgement , their wisedome which depend on generall rules , is in their bookes , and must be fetched from their teachers ; but meditations may well be called a readie mother of knowledge , and a nursing mother of wisedome . If men then will whet their wits , and helpe their memories , they must vse meditation , because when Gods word hath taught vs , we shall neuer neede to consult with our booke , nor take aduice of our teacher . Vers. 100. I vnderstood more than the ancient , because I kept thy precepts . IT followeth : I vnderstood more than the ancient , &c. As we haue heard of the glorious effects of the word in this man of God , how he excelled his foes in policie , and his teachers in wisedome : so now he sheweth , how he went before his elders in prudence and vnderstanding . He was wiser than his enemies . Why ? because in all his attempts , deliberated not with flesh and blood , but asked counsaile of the Lord , by the word and by prayer . He excelled his teachers in good learning : wherefore ? because he contented not himselfe to stay on the naked rules by them deliuered , but further laboured with his conscience , to make the vse of them profitable to himselfe . He ouer-reached his ancients : Why ? because he euer had a speciall care to keepe a true faith , and a good conscience , whereof many had made shipwracke . Whereof then commeth it to passe , that the scholler is often better than his maister ? commeth it not from hence , because the Lord worketh according to his will , and bestoweth like effects where like meanes are vsed , blesseth and curseth , depresseth and raiseth vp , according to the vsing , and not vsing of necessarie meanes ? By meditation the iudgemēt of the godly is refined , by musing the wicked grow by high degrees to the mysterie of iniquitie . For as they be much giuen to this kinde of occupying their mindes : so Sathan doth most thereby conuey himselfe into them , putting such platformes and deuices into their head , that otherwise were wonderfull to come into a mortall mans minde . So then they , that doe not rest in hearing and reading , but endeuour by meditation to finde and draw out an vse of it in themselues , wonderfully doe profit , and mightily excell others . Let vs not rest in our ouersights , but stirre vp and prouoke our affections to take a new view of those things which we haue heard , whereby we may gather more vnto our selues , than that which we haue heard . And why ? Man is a creature reasonable , and by the light of nature can thus reason with himselfe ; if this be true , then the contrarie is false ; if it holdeth in the greater , then it holdeth in the lesser . If this good thing hath good effects , then tho contrarie euill hath ill issues . See how knowledge by meditation doth increase . Againe , because euery member of Christ is annointed with knowledge , according to that measure which the Spirit worketh , as well the hearer as the speaker may profit by vsing the meanes . For by meditation the iudgemēt is refined , the wit helped , the memory strengthened , and stirreth vp affections , as thus : Is this good ? I will doe it : Is this the obedience rewarded ? I will obey it : Is this forbidden ? I will auoide it : Is this threatned with so fearfull iudgements ? I quake and tremble to thinke of it . By the helpe of this , many will speake on a sudden , because they speake out of the experience of their owne consciences , when the learning of others is in their teachers head , or else in their booke . It is then the righteous iudgement of God , that we are so vnapt to practise , wanting dexteritie of wit , bereaued of sound iudgement , besides many other punishments , due to the contempt of Gods word , when our owne conscience shall accuse vs , saying : This good thou mightest haue had , this comfort thou mightest haue enioyed , hadst thou meditated on the word . There remaineth the thrid effect , which is in these words , I am wiser than the ancient , &c. Oh notable wisedome ! that made him wiser than gray haires , which are of longer experience . He doth not compare himself with dotish old men , but the wise Ancients , in whom though not the quicknes of wit , yet the pith and marrow of knowledge remaineth . Neither doth he speake this so much to praise himselfe , as to stirre vp others . If then we shall see a comely old man , speaking law on the bench , and desire to heare some wise experience , the man of God here telleth vs the way , how before those times we may attaine vnto it . And through the blessing of God on those meanes , the graces of God shall be greater in young yeares , if we labour for knowledge , and with knowledge ioyne conscience , and with conscience practise . For the high way to knowledge is to meditate with our knowledge , and to tremble in our hearts , at the maiestie of the word , not ceasing to labour with our selues , vntill by musing we haue felt some comfort . Here of it proueth , that they which haue heard the word of God but a yeare , haue more profited thā they which haue heard it sixe yeares . For vnto him that hath , more shall be giuen , and from him that hath not , euen that which he hath shall be taken from him . If we obserue it , we shall finde prophane Protestants , who now haue seene three Gouernments , which both are ignorant in knowledge , and haue gotten many placards and curtaines for their grosse sinnes . This may teach vs to see into Gods iudgement , who punisheth so seuerely the decay of faith ; as also the mercy of God towards them , that lay vp in their hearts , the meditation ; and in their liues , the practise of that which they haue heard . I see no more fearefull * tokens of the desolations of our times , than that men promising whole worlds vnto themselues , seeke so much for themselues , that they neither desire Gods glorie , nor the Churches profit . A man may talke with a great Reader , and there be some good things in him , but talke with an exercised minde , and you shall finde in him farre greater , and more excellent wisedome . Why doe not the old Protestants grow in knowledge , as they grow in age ? but because they doe not vse to meditate . Many men seemed to haue good gifts , great knowledge and dexteritie of wit , who now are destitute and barren of all these heauenly graces . What is the cause ? surely the want of faith , and of a good conscience , doth make vs faile in many good things : or else the cause may be some secret sin not repented of , why there is such store of ill , and such barrennes of good things . So that the Lord striketh many with such follie , that they which sometimes tasted of the good graces of God , are now become dull heads . Another reason , why old men doe not grow in knowledge , is , because the more they haue , the more they doe desire . Many are so vaine and light , that a man shall assoone bring an hogge from his haunt , as them from their delights : so the Lord doth make them end their age and life in worldlines , which spend their liues and youths in vanities . If we see one giuen to vanitie , what say we ? Oh , there is a wittie yong man : if we see one giuen to worldlines , what say we ? Oh , there is a iolly thriuing fellow : and thus for want of a sanctified wit , and sight , we remaine fooles and vnthrifts in spirituall things . But it standeth with the righteous iudgement of God , that they should be depriued of the vnderstanding of heauenly things , which so greedily turne al their wits to worldlines . On the contrary , where we make conscience to meditate , we growe from a small graine of knowledge to an whole field of vnderstanding . For wee see many vsing their wits to worldlinesse , die in folly , because the Lord recompenceth the vanitie of their youth with ignorance in their age . So it is the mercy of God , to giue them comfort of conscience in their death , which haue had care of his word in their life . Now , we see , because some men thinke so basely of the word of God , how the Prophet hath commended it by the effects , found by experience in himselfe . Againe he sheweth , that this was not in him , by any particular prerogatiue of Gods spirit , ( although the spirit wrought wonderfully in him ) but that it earne by vsing the m●●●●s of the word . Teaching vs that as hee was wiser than his enemies , because in all pe●ils ●● asked counsel of the word : wiser than his teachers , in that he rested not in their vniu●●s 〈◊〉 ▪ but by meditation did appropriate them to himselfe : and wiser than the An●●●● because he learned as well to line according to the word , as to loue it : so we also vs●●g ●●● 〈…〉 , shal find the like effects , though not in like measure . By which effects we 〈…〉 out these meanes , wee become foolish , dol●●ish and blockish . The word of God 〈…〉 a ●●easure , that if such an holy thing bee cast to swine , I doe not dou●●● 〈…〉 see our God will execute his heauie vengeance and iudgements . Wherof now 〈…〉 it to passe , that w●●●●● young men , die olde fooles , emptie of Gods grac●●f 〈…〉 youth were well brought vp of their parents , ( as Iohaz vnder I●hoiada ) who also whil●st they did look into their former life and repent , spake very effectually aginst sin , but in their age , haue not so much knowledge as before ? but because they continue not in the faith , and in a good conscience . It were better to preach to one that neuer heard of Iesus Christ , than to such an old Protestāt , because the one is thankful , the other is vnthankfull . Tell me O man , I speake vnto thy conscience , when thine eye did see into the word , when thine eare did heare it ; when thou diddest looke into thine owne conscience , when thou feltest sweetnesse in Gods promises , whē thou diddest tremble with seare of Gods iudgements , and diddest delight in the wayes of the Lord : Oh , how quiet was thy conscience ? what comfort didst thou finde in thy minde ? Oh , how whole an heart was in thee ? And on the contrary , when neither Gods promises were sweete , nor his iudgements fearefull , nor his waies pleasant vnto thee , oh , how cold was thy zeale ? how weake was thy conscience ? how feeble was thy heart in good things ? We shall see some now adayes , and that many , being but priuate men , speake with greater knowledge and conscience , than a Preacher . Why may a Preacher spend his breath , his strength , and his life in preaching , and so small profiting commeth of it ? euen because he preached well , and practiseth ill . Wherefore we see here how necessarily , vpon the foresaide effects , the Prophet pronounced as followeth . Vers 101. I haue refrained my feete from euery euill way , that I might keepe thy word . SEeing the Lord will put much into their hands , who handle a little well , wee must expresse our knowledge by life , and our profession by practise . If a man would consider , how fearfully the Lord hath made him , how wōderfully he hath redeemed him , with what power he hath conuerted him , should he spend his youth in vanitie , or his age in worldlinesse , and so become depriued of all Gods graces in death ? Looke into the former times : Ioseph being but seuenteene yeeres old , was wiser than all his brethren : young Samuel was wiser than old Ely : Moyses than the Egyptians : Dauid than Saul : Salomon was wiser in his youth , than the gray haires : Daniel , Azariah , Mishel , wiser than all the Astrologians , Chaldeans , and Magicians : Timothie being but young , was preferred to the Euangelistship : Paul wiser than all the Apostles . Behold our age , how mercifully the Lord hath blessed many young men ; and why are ancient men now so barren of knowledge ? euen because they are barren in a good conscience . There was in time past lesse knowledge , more practise , lesse science , more conscience , lesse vnderstanding , more wisedome ; but now there is more knowledge , and lesse practise , because men labour not to keepe the word of God in a good conscience . When wee shall see therefore heretikes growe wiser then Preachers , Idolaters wiser then true Professors , some young impes of Sathan , wiser then olde Ancients in the house of God ; we must knowe , they are made so foolish , either because they are not of a good conscience , or lye in some secret sinne . Would it not grieue a good 〈◊〉 to labour many Winters and Sommers , and in the end to finde no Ha●uest ? what 〈◊〉 full thing , thinke you , would it then be to a Minister , after he hath long trauailed to ●●●● no fruit ? The Lord vndoubtedly will punish such fruitlesse Professors , with hardnes of heart , i● they will not heare with care , that care may cause prayer , that prayer may bring forth meditation , and meditation may haue in fruit in godlinesse , and practise in perseuerance . In this verse then , the Prophet declareth , that as before he vsed the right meanes to godlinesse , and therewithall had the proofe of good effects : so now he had power from God , to resist all lets , hinderances , and encombrances therunto . Whereby hee teacheth vs , that these two things especially make to attaine true godlinesse ; the one , to vse good meanes thereto ; the other , to auoyde carefully all occasions which may hinder vs from the same . Neither must wee thinke that all these things can be done presently : for if Rome was not built all in one day , who would thinke Ierusalē should be built in one day ? Surely the necessitie of this practise is such that vnlesse men make couenants with themselues , and bind themselues as it were in body and soule to auoid occasions of euill , they shall neuer attaine to true godlines . Manie will confesse , that they ought and will learne the way to holinesse of life ; but in the meane time , because they will not forsake their euill wayes , they faile in their purpose . To the bettter vnderstanding of the Prophet , we must vnderstand , that euill wayes are in two things considered , either as they be euill in their owne natures , or as they be euill by circūstance : the first , all men will confesse to be auoided , as full , concupiscēce , wrath , murther , malice , & such like : and yet the cause why many men are lesse carefull in holy things , is , because they make no conscience to stay euill things , no● to vnburdē themselues of all worldly delights . But what is the cause that thou canst not ouercome worldlines and vanitie ? thou dost not consider that thy reason is corrupt , and that if thou fightest not against thy corrupt reason , thou canst not auoide corrupt affections . If a man would fight against Ambition , he must not first fight against the thing it selfe , but against his own reason leauing him there unto , which on this manner perswades him . If I may attaine to such dignitie , I shall not become so much subiect to others , but others shall submit themselues to mee : I shall purchase to my selfe credite , countenance , and authoritie , to pleasure my friends , and withstand mine enemies . Thus we see why we cannot ouer-wrastle the vanities of this life , because we striue not aright . Now likewise , how are we so enabled to forsake our worldlines , euen because we doe not depend on Gods prouidence . Then the way to fight against couetousnes , is to fight against the distrust of Gods prouidene , and want of beliefe in the word of God , in that for too much loue of this world , and too little loue of the word , they doe not deuide their times , that sometimes they may giue themselues to prayer , to reading , to conferring of the word . And how doe these men reason with themselues ? I shall one day be olde , and Age is accompanyed with many euills of weaknes and impotencie : I must not thinke then to liue without miserie , vnlesse I liue now with some care : I must prouide for my wife and children , and not leaue them to the broad world ; it standeth me therefore in hand , to worke , and to take paines , whilest I may . So the pleasure of this temptation , taketh away the sweetnes of the meditation of the life after death . Manie striue against anger , and yet the more they striue , the more they fret , because they resist not the beginning of their Anger , which is a secret pride conceiued in their mindes . For of pride , ( saith the holy-Ghost in the booke of the Prouerbs ) commeth contention . Such men haue this reason , whereunto they yeelde ; I haue deserued well of their hands ; I neuer did them iniurie , they ought to haue esteemed otherwise of mee , they haue abused mee greatly ; who therefore can beare such contempt and miuries ? Now if we fight in humblenesse of minde , against this corrupt reason ; wee shall fight against our Anger . I suppose a bruite beast is not so ill in his kinde , as a man in his corrupt iudgement . Then lowlinesse in taking a fight of our wants in good and heauenly things , is the thing that will humble vs. This is that , which will cut our combes , when wee thinke too well of our selues , when we see too much by our painted sheath , this will make vs to pull downe our peacocks tayle . What maketh young men so loose , and profit so little by all the admonitions , which are vsed to them , but onely their corrupt reason , which on this sort deceiueth their soules : Why , is not this lawfull ? doe I any body harme in so doing ? doe not all others this as well as I ? Well , if they will not bidde warre against these corrupt imaginations , they shall neuer preuaile against their euill affections . Whereof is it , that the wisest men become whore-hunters , and the wisest women often become whores ? is it not because the Lord punisheth the pride of reason with filthinesse , and whilest they will not fight against corrupt reason , they cannot get the victorie ouer their filthie affection ? they will thus reason , I haue beene thus long married , and haue no children , my wife is neuer quiet , she is a shrew ; I will see if I can haue children with another , and haue quietnesse abroad . Bid battell then to reason , if you will fight against sinne , for iudgemēt being conuinced , we may the better encombate with affection . Let vs then take heede to those conceits , which are not yet in the bowels of the braine ; for then the diuell is brought to infect reason , and so draweth neere to corrupt affection . All idle thoughts & discourses comming but to the mind , must make vs afraide , least we become corrupted . And let vs remember , that wee must loue the Lord , with al our hearts & mindes , & that he taketh vp to his glory al our cogitatiōs . And therfore though we yeeld not to lust in affection , we must strike at cōcupisence at the first motion , because our thoughts haue not been wholy with the Lord : We must destroy the broode , whilest it is in hatching , and wound sinne before it haue receiued a perfect shape . For it is better to striue against sinne , whilest reason is on our side ; than when both reason and affection are conspired against vs. Now let vs examine our selues , & euery man search his own heart , whether we be grieued for the sudden discourses and glauncing imaginations in vs , or rather whether they be not sweete vnto vs. What is the reason why wee refuse to sinne ? is it not because wee thinke thus with our selues ; What shall I doe this thing ? Shall I commit this fact ? It is a beastly thing ; it is a dangerous attempt . For there are some which will mislike to haue themselues misled with the temptations of murder , of stealing , or adulterie , and yet will let passe quietly in them rouing imaginations , and idle cogitations . We see in many after their fall repentance commeth : for if in iudgement we could before sinne preuailed , discerne the corruption of reason deceiuing and leading captiue our affections , as wee doe after wee haue sinned , wee should not so soone be deluded . For we see it commonly commeth to passe , that we repent vs , and mislike our selues for some foregoing euil : we say , Oh what a foole was I , that could not consider of this ? where was my wit ? how was I besotted ? Conuince a naturall man of his reason , and he wil be ashamed of his purpose , but so long as he hath reason on his side , hee will not yeeld an inch . Why commeth it to passe , that there are almost no Heretikes conuerted , and so many profane professours conuerted ? but because the sinne of these men is the sinne of affection ; the sinne of the other is the sinne of reason and iudgement . Peter of whom we reade in the Gospell , did not so much sinne of affection , as in reason ▪ For being put in minde of Christ his afflictions , how he should goe vp to Ierusalem , and suffer many things , and consulting with reason , thought it a very straunge thing , and not agreeing to equitie , that such a Prophet and mirrour of the world , and that he that had done so many good things , and had wrought so many miracles , in that country , neuer doing any harme to any man , should suffer of such men . Wherefore when as our Sauiour Christ sawe Peter giuen so much to naturall reason , in that he cried Maister saue thy selfe , hee checked him saying : Come behind mèe Sathan : thou sauorest not of things which are of God , but of fleshe and blood . Vpon which occasion least the other Disciples also should haue presumed , our Sauiour Christ gaue this generall doctrine , that if any would become his Disciples , they should take vp their crosse and follow him . As also that none could follow him in truth , vnlesse they denied thēselues : where in denying of our selues , he meaneth nothing else , as the occasion of his foregoing speech plainely sheweth , then the forsaking of the reason of the flesh ▪ S. Iames chap. 1. teacheth vs , that if wee will mortifie our affections , wee must first vse the meanes : secondly the steadinesse , stilnesse , and mildnesse of our minde , in that wee will not dispute with reason against any thing in our regeneration . I see , that many that wil not deliuer themselues and their reasons to be captiuated vnto the truth , and refuse to beleeue the mysticall power of the Gospel , are in time carried away by foule and effectuall illusions . For there are many who hearing in the word of the wonderful creation , redemption , and preseruation of man , and of the matter of the Sacramēts , cannot beleeue them ; yet afterwards goe to witches , and to be caught of the diuell , which they cannot , vnlesse they professe and practise an euill faith ; so that they which will no : profit by the truth , will suffer themselues to be deluded . The other kinde of euill in my diuision was of things not apparantly euill . As in times past we were carefull for nothing more , then with libertie of minde to vse the creatures of God : so now adayes nothing is lesse to be taught , because loose libertie and licentiousnes serue so for the flesh , and we do not by our libertie , serue one another in loue . We can say , outward things are lawful , euery man obiecteth outward things cannot desile a man. I answere , that when outward liberty bringeth inward bondage , and the pretence of outward things lawfull hinder the necessary inward things , they be made vnlawfull . All things are vnlawfull saith Paul , but I will not be brought vnder the bondage of any thing . Well howsoeuer wee pretend this lawfull vse of outward things , which in their owne natures are the good creatures , to cloake our wantonnesse withal , let vs know that the wickednesse beginneth in wantonnesse , and wantonnesse endeth in wickednesse , because it is the way of a dangerous downfall of our soules . For either the Lord will punish it with present and temporall punishment , or else will cast vs into some great sinnes hereafter . And though I will not affirme , that euery wanton young man is a meere wicked man , yet I dare affirme that wantonnesse is the way to further euill . Besides , this am I sure of , wantonnesse maketh vs vnapt to good workes , it takes away the comfort of Gods spirit , the ioye of the word , the sweetnesse of prayer , and of the Sacraments . Againe , as it is certaine that wantons pray not , meditate not , nor doe any good thing aright , because that sinne desireth all euill , and hindereth all good things : so if the word would teach vs sinne , we would learne it , if it make for our good , wee cannot learne it . And that wee may see , to how many euils youth and wantonnesse be subiect , reade Galath . 6. 1. Cor. 6. Eccl. 11. Psal. 25. Iob. 14. Ierem. 21. So now we know what is the meaning of the man of God in this word , euill way , that is , that which is occasion of euill . We can say in worldly things , because the way is dangerous through ditches , theeues , pits or such like ; Oh that the same minde were in vs to preuent the perils of our soules ! Our Sauiour Christ taught vs , that if our eye offend vs we should pull it out : if our hand or foote offend vs , we should cut them off ; the meaning whereof is , that we should not indeed shred them off , but resraine from the corrupt vsing of them ▪ and turne them to a better vse . We haue shewed hitherto , how carefully the man of God vsed the meanes to godlines , and also how carefull hee was to auoide all occasions of euill . Wee must not then thinke christianity to bee so small a thing , if as lingerers wee make such friuolous excuses , that it is hard to be a good man , we shall surely neuer come to so high a dignitie . We haue also shewed , that vnles we labour to deny our selues , we shall neuer buckle our selues after the graces of God. Vers. 102. I haue not declined from thy iudgements , for thou diddest teach me . AS if he should say : I haue seene and obserued , that whosoeuer did resraine from euill , they were wiser than their enemies , they became more learned than their teachers , and proued grauer than the ancient ; and that they which did not resraine were greatly punished , plagued , and trodden downe , and as thou hast punished some , so wilt thou also punish others : wherefore I haue not declined from thy iudgements . Was there euer towne , people or person , which truly beleeued in Iesus Christ , in whose life and death did not appeare plentifully Gods mercy ? And contrarily , how haue the vnbeleeuers bin giuen ouer to hardnes of heart , and a reprobate minde , many plagues , wars , and other iudgements of God to them incident ? Old Protestants are now become rustie , because they made no account of Gods word in their youth . Esau lost his Birth-right for a messe of pottage ; hee sought it afterwards with teares , but could not haue it , whose prophanesse grew by pleasures . We see many wanton men to come to fearefull ends and silthie adulteries , who beginning to condemne the word , fell to spending , from spending to rioting , from riot to adulterie , from that to theft , and from stealing to death . If we will obserue godly discipline , we must first learne Gods doctrine : if wee will learne his iudgements , we must learne his mercie . We attribute too much to fortune , to fatall destinies , to charmings and such like ; but no man doth looke vp to the hand of God , wherein we take his name in vaine , in not vsing aright his iudgements . Thou hast taught me , that is , thou hast besides the ministeriall preaching , giuen me an extraordinarie knowledge of thy iudgements . Many knowe much , who notwithstanding cannot profit by Gods iudgements . So that the briefe and plaine meaning of the Prophet , is thus much in effect , O Lord I haue not had this knowledge in and of my selfe ; but I receiued it of thy Holy spirite , it was thy mercie and thy grace , that made mee knowe thy iudgements . The man of God then sheweth vs in this verse , that hee did alwayes set the iudgements of God before him : what made him then so carefull to doe them ▪ the considering of them in his mind , the occupying his eies to marke them , the vsing of his eares to heare how God performed his promises to the obedient , & executed his fearefull threatnings on the wicked . A thing than which nothing is worthie of greater meditation . We heare often with our eares , but with little profit , the glorious promises and wonderfull vengeance of the Lord , what is commaunded , and what is forbidden : but when we consider , and see before our eyes , how the Lord hath performed these things , we are humbled from sinne , & comforted to obedience . This is it that breeds triall , proofe , & experience , to see how the Lord hath in his mercy dealt with Abraham , Isaac , Iacob , Ioseph , & Dauid his faithful seruants , and how he hath plagued the Egyptians , the Sodomites , the olde world , and other of his enemies . Thy iudgements of old O Lord , saith Dauid , haue I considered . Wee shall neuer effectually obserue the iudgements of old , vnlesse we obserue the iudgements of God of late . For they must both ioyne together , least that wee considering of them being olde , and not on new , should think they were not , or at least that we resting on the iudgements of God executed of late , not lifting vp our eyes to the iudgements of old , should ascribe them to euil fortune , chaunce and destinie . We may then see how they which vsed the meanes of good things encreased in them , and how they that resrained not from euill , did slide backe vnto wickednesse . Wherefore that we may throughly be perswaded of the truth of the Lord in things commanded , forbidden , threatned , promised , it is requisite to obserue the proofe of them , so oft as God giueth iust occasion thereof . For vntill wee looke on these things , and see his blessings and his iudgements , we shall neuer haue a care to doe good , nor a conscience to auoid euil , and to looke into them , is to looke into the glasse of Gods word . Many deny prouidence , because they haue not a knowledge of the word , or else leaning to their reasō , giue too much to naturall causes , or lastly , because they haue not a daily growing in the word . For that may well be the sense of this place , Thou dost make me to grow in knowledge . Here is also commended vnto vs the teaching of the spirit by the ministry of the word . For otherwise we may often read the Scriptures , and yet be ignorant in Gods iudgements , in not ascribing euery iudgement to his peculiar office . For when we heare of an heretike , wee say , what is he an heretike ? I maruell hee is become such a one , I knew him an honest man , I neuer knew any euil by him : yet the word of God telleth vs , that some mens sinnes goe before to iudgement , and some mens come after , and that it is come to him , either for want of good workes , or for some secret sinne . It followeth . Vers. 103. How sweete are thy promises vnto my mouth ! yea , sweeter than ●●ny vnto my mouth . VVEe haue heard in the ninth portion , that vntill wee put our whole folicitie in the word , wee shall not profit . That which here is called promises , I take rather for iudgements , partly because in the proper tongue the word is left out , and partly because he had vsed this word , iudgements in the verse immediately going before . But so me will say , how can the iudgements of God hee sweete , which are so troublesome , fearefull and grieuous ? I answere , that the godly haue no greater ioy , than whē they feele either the mercies of God accomplished towards them , that feare him , or his iudgements shewed vpon the reprobates . Vnto my mouth . That is , I take as greate pleasure in talking , conferring , and perswading thy iudgements , as my mouth , or the mouth of any that loueth honie , is delighted therewith . So he saith , portiō 2. vers ▪ 6. I haue had as great delight in the way of thy testimonies , as in ●● manner of riches . The meaning then of the verse is , when I feele , O Lord , such effects of thy promises in my selfe , and in others that feare thee , and such fruites of thy vengeance on them that despise thee , I finde great comfort in thy word . The Prophet Dauid found this sweetnes by experience in himselfe , and therefore spake by proofe . Why doe not we feele the like comfort ? because we vse not the same meanes , we finde not the like effects . For if we could see our enemies put to the wall by the word , then should our knowledge exceede the knowledge of others : if we felt the allurements of the world , the inticements of the flesh , and the motions of the diuell bitter vnto vs ; then should wee taste this sweetnesse . Wherefore before wee make conscience to vse the meanes of good , and to auoide the occasions of euill , we cannot profit . Thus we haue shewed how the iudgements of God may be sweete , that is , vnto them , that reioyce either to see the promises of God performed to the penitent , or his wrath fulfilled in the impenitent . This delight made the Prophet out of the abundance of his heart to speake ioyfully of them , portion 2. 6. With my lips haue I declared all the iudgements of thy mouth : And because they testifie no small loue to a thing , which for affection to it will rise at midnight , he addeth portion , 8. 6. At midnight will I rise to giue thankes vnto thee , because of thy righteous iudgements . This is then a true note , that a man hath delight in Gods word , if from the abundance of his heart , his mouth can speake of it , and when the word of God dwelleth so plentifully in him , that hee can speake it in wisedome . Againe , if we haue such an earnest and naturall delight being wearie , to refresh our selues with fables ; what a dulnesse is it in vs , that wee cannot finde as great comfort in the word of God ? Wherefore we are to examine our owne hearts , that how so euer we haue bin delighted before to heare vaine and friuolous tales ; so from henceforth we may please our selues in true histories in the word . For though other may be corrupt with flatterings yet these histories are true , & free from all assentation , because they register as well the sins of the Kings and their kindreds , as their vertues . Neither can wee euer sound the Prophet , vntil from the experience of our own selues , we can proclaime forth the examples both of Gods promises , and of his iudgements . We shewed that the cause why wee felt not such profit , as the man of God did in the word , was , because wee vsed not the like paines ; wee vse fewer meanes , therefore our loue is the lesse to the truth ; wee auoide not so many occasions of euill , therefore we sinne the more . If we then would be more diligent in conference , more feruent in prayer , more giuen to meditation , wee should profit more ; if wee would refraine from euill , and abstaine from occasions of it , wee should both bee great in good things , and auoide many afflictions . The cause then why we either speake not of Gods iudgements at all , or speaking , speake so coldly , is because we are so dead in vsing the meanes of good , and so dull in auoyding the occasions of euill . The Prophet , port 7. 4. saith , I haue remembred thy iudgements of olde , and haue beene comforted . Where we are to note , that wee are not at vtter defiance of sinne , and in full league with goodnes , vntill we haue found comfort , when either the Lord shewed mercy vpon his , or vengeance on the wicked . And then Gods iudgements will bee sweete vnto vs , when remembring that no sinne shall be vnpunished , we abstaine from sin , ●nd seeing that no good thing shall be vnrewarded , we are moued to goodnesse . For what can strengthen a man more , than to consider this , that God will punish sinne one day , and that in time he will fulfill his promises to his childrē , which walke in truth before him , although in great weakenesse ? We haue also taught , that we must vse such a moderation of our affections , as we may stay our selues in meditation , and that this depriueth vs of much profit herein , in that we doe not appoint some certaine time for meditation , moderating other things of our ordinary callings , & making a conscience sometimes to refraine from our common speeches So our vnderstanding , our iudgement , our will to practise will be bettered . If then at our tables , in our beds , at our worke , we would redeeme some time to reade , to pray , or to conferre , wee should finde wonderfull profit , and walking in earthly things , we should haue heauenly mindes . Vers. 104. By thy precepts I haue gotten vnderstanding : therefore I hate all the wayes of falsehood . AS in the beginning of this part , the Prophet of God protesteth his loue to the word ; so now in the end he sheweth his hatred to the contrarie . This then as we haue partly set down before , & more largely by Gods grace shall shew hereafter , is a true token of loue to the word , whē we either hate falsehood in religion , or corruptiō in manners . We are then to looke into our hearts to see , if we hate Poperie and heresie , if there bee in vs an hatred against blaspheming of the name of God , against adulterie , false dealing , and such like . For we cannot loue the true worship , but we must hate heresie ; we cānot loue Gods name , and yet not hate the abusers of it ; wee cannot loue chastitie and true dealing , but we must hate adulterie , and vnrighteousnesse . But if wee feele our selues to be indifferent persons , and come what come may , we care not greatly , vndoubtedly wee are of no religion . For if thou doest not hate an Atheist , thou louest not God ; if thou hatest not heresie , thou doest not loue Gods law ; if thou hatest not adulterie , thou art not truly chast ; if thou hatest not false dealing , thou art vnrighteous . We see heretiks neuer hate one another , because none of them loue the trueth : for the Papists can be content with the Familie of loue , and the Family of loue with them . Wherfore we see , that many doe falsely pretend religion , chastity , and true dealing . Note here in that he saith , I haue gotten vnderstanding by thy word : as though his vnderstanding was the cause of his zealous hatred of the false worship . What is the cause then that men doe not hate euill in greater measure ? because they bee ignorant and knowe nothing . Indeede noueltie displeaseth them a little , but when they be somewhat acquainted with that which is taught them , they will like it well enough . Why doe we hand ouer head take any religion ? euen because we haue not gotten vnderstanding . Why doth heresie get such easie entertainment with many of vs ? because we are vnconstant and borne away with euery blast , as witnesse Peter and Iude , and because wee are not fast rooted in knowledge , as is mentioned Ephes. 4. Many in our countrie are stiffe in heresie , because they were neuer sound in iudgement , they were euer inconstant , they were neuer rooted in Iesus Christ , and therefore were carried away with euery puffe of vaine doctrine . Some indeede ( as we haue said before ) fall for lacke of good conscience : but some neuer come so farre , because they heard not , or else heard very negligently : and therefore whosoeuer shall now come , and blow an illusion in their eare ▪ he shall be heard . How shall we know an enemie ? he commeth vnder the cloake of loue , and is couered with the vizard of honestie , but his vnderstanding faileth , his iudgement is corrupt . In that it is here saide , all the wayes of falsehood , we must note , that we are to growe from knowledge to knowledge , from faith to faith , from glorie to glorie , that growing in godly vnderstanding , we may grow also in hatred of falsehood . This verse may seeme to haue some contrarietie with the verse a little going before , where he saith , I haue abstained from euerie euill , that I might keepe thy law : but indeede there is none ; because no true mortification , both here and in that place , is required an hatred auoyding of euill . Wee must knowe that the way to make good things fr●●●te , is the way to feele euill thing sowre : As when thou art grieued to feele thine eye an occasion of euill , or euill thoughts to bee in thine heart with bitternes and vexation of spirit , thou must striue against them , and God will giue thee strength to striue not onely without constraint , but also of a loue of good , and a hatred of euill . The first way then vnto righteousnes , is wear som●●es of sinne , and to striue against it though with great trouble , because the more we vexe , torment , and disquiet our selues , the more we shall come to the loue of good , and then the hatred of sinne will growe of it selfe . If then a man cannot finde this hatred of sinne in him , hee must labour to auoide all occasions that hinder his vnderstanding of the truth , as distractions & troubles of minde , and vse all meanes to grow in knowledge , as reading , hearing , conferring , and such like . For our not profiting in knowledge , is our not profiting in hating of heresies , and our ●ot hating of heresie , is a token of our not profiting in knowledge ▪ When we heare then , if our hearing doe not worke in vs a loue of the truth , and hatred of the contrarie , wee haue not profited in knowledge : but if we grow in knowledge , we shall knowe it by profiting in the loue of the truth , and in the hatred of falsehood . Wee haue shewed , how in the former portion , the man of God testifying his affection to Gods law , and concluding with his hatred to the contrarie , intermi●gieth his reasons , that because he found by experience , that the word of God made him wiser then his enemies , than his teachers , and the aged , and did preserue him from euery euill way : therefore he found such comfort in it , that no naturall thing was so liking to his outward man , as this was to his inward man. PORTION . 14. NVN. Vers. 105 ▪ Thy word is a lantorne vnto my feete , and a light vnto my path . THis portion following is a prayer to the Lord , to bee further instructed in the word of God , and to haue his affections thereby more reformed . The reasons which hee vseth bee three : the first is his faith in the word , in that he made account of it to be the onely meanes , whereby he should be directed in all his wayes , and this is contained in the first verse of the portion : Thy word is a lantorne vnto my feete , and a light vnto my ( steps ) or path . The second , is his constant purpose to perseuere in the obedience of Gods word in the verse following : I haue sworne and will performe it , that I will keepe thy righteous iudgements . The third is his miserable calamitie , wherein he was , which constrained him to pray , which appeareth in the next verse : I am very sore afflicted , O Lord , quicken me according to t●●y word These things are afterwards shewed in the verses following , as his faith in Gods lawe in the two last , and his calamity in the first and sixt verses , with prayer couched in the middest of the portion . It is a marueilous strange thing , that one thing should bee so often repeated , as this to commend still Gods law , and to pray still to be taught in the same . This proceedeth from the comfort which he felt in the word , and from the fight of the corruption of his owne heart , and is commended to vs in writing , to shew vs our corruption , and to labour for the like fruite ▪ Wherfore seeing experience hath taught vs thus much , we must learne , that we can neither see the comfort of our seeking after God , nor our calamitie and miserie to be deliuered out of it , vnlesse we pray with the Prophet for the right knowledge of the law of God : so that we are much to thanke our God , that he giueth vs in another such a fight of our owne corruption . As in the first verse , there is a notable commendation of the word : so is there also a singular declaration of his faith : Thy word , O Lord , is a lantorne to my feete , and a light vnto my path . This seemeth to all men , to haue been learned long agoe , and belched out in time of Poperie , and that it is no new thing , but a saying very well knowne : but when we looke into the seuerall practises of men , which is the righteous iudge of all mens iudgements , wee shall finde men to be farre from any inward faith shewed in such fruits . This made the Prophet to sweare , in that he saw on one side his happines so great in the word , & the corruption of his heart on the other side . And in meditating day and night in Gods law , and considering his righteous iudgements , he saith in trueth , Thy word is a lanterne , &c. If we will looke into our selues , we shall finde , that those things which seeme to be most easily beleeued , are furthest from faith , and that things most easie to be learned , are furthest from practise . True it is , that euery man will say , Who will not beleeue this ? what a beast were he that would denie the truth of Gods word ? But alas , our carelesse reading , our rare meditating , our cold praying , and praising of God for his word , our seldome conference of the word will testifie against vs in time to come , that we neuer truely beleeued . We must first looke and note our selues , and then we shall profit somewhat more . The man of God opposeth here the word to mans wisedom , which he had mētioned in the verse going before , as light is contrarie to darknes ▪ For as in darknes we cannot goe safely , without the light of a lanterne , or such like : euen so are we in ignorance and rebellion , if we be not continually guided by the word of God and his Spirit . This then is a further thing , how durst blind bayards be so bold , who liuing in the darknes of Egypt , thinke they are in the light , and being vnable to discerne betweene persumption and despayre , betweene promises and threatnings , betweene things streightly commanded , & voluntarily done , suppose themselues to be sharpe sighted ? Nay , we shall finde these fruites to be but in few . It is said , Matth. 22. 23. The light of the body is the eye , if then thine eye be single , thy whole body shall be light . 23. But if thine eye be wicked , then all thy body shall be darke . Where our Sauiour Christ borroweth his speech from the senses of the body , and translateth it to the powers of the soule . For as euery part of the body is lightsome , whilest the eye seeth : so a man being inlightened with the word , and the Spirit , hauing his eyes alwaies to heauen , hath his affections aright : and on the contrarie , as all things are lothsome to that bodie , which for want of the eyes is wholy darkened : so a man sitting in the darknes of ignorance , hauing his mind wholy set on earthly things , hath his affections disordered . Now , that there is no light in vs , but all is darknes in our soules , the Apostle Peter doth plainely shew it , 2. Pet. 1. 19. We haue a most sure word of the Prophets , to the which ye doe well , that ye take heede , as to a sure light in a darke place , &c. Where he commending the Christians for their care of the word , sheweth , that it is a light in the darke , and teacheth vs , that how much knowledge we haue , so much we are in good affections . Also Paul , Ephes 4. 17. 18 saith , I testifie in the Lord , that ye henceforth walke n●t , as other Gentiles walke , in the vanitie of their minde , 18. Hauing their cogitation darkened , and being strangers from the life of God , through the ignorance that is in them , &c. Where he sheweth , that the man vnregenerate hath his minde , vnderstanding , and heart corrupt and blinde in that life , which God liueth in his , and that as the man which seeth being in darknes , or in light the blind man gropeth vncertainely ; euen so all our doing ; are endlesse and headlesse , which are without the light of knowledge . Shall we thinke now that euery man beleeueth this to be true ? No , for if they did , they would doe otherwise . If they felt this in affection in any measure , would they not come out of their prison to the liberty of Gods saints , would they not auoid the darkenesse to see the bright sunne ? What a follie were it for a man , who hauing scales and gleamy diseases on his eyes might be cured , and will not ? This is a double fault , that when men may know , they will lie in errours and ignorance , and when they may be conuerted they will dwell still in Heresie . Oh what a thing is this , wilfullie to remaine in darkenesse , and to sleepe at the hearing of the word , when the Lord giueth them a lanterne for their feete , and offereth knowledge ; and yet to be no better than the stockes they sit on ? If it pleased the Lord who giueth vnderstanding to the ignorant , and draweth light out of darkenesse to reueale the light into their darke cōsciences , they should know that when light came vnto them , they refused it , and that they are louers of darknes more than of light . But he that worketh all things mightily i● all men , must shew this light vnto their darkenes , because they that are in hell thinke on none other heauen , & they that lie in vnrighteousnes , thinke of no other righteousnesse , and sitting in the vallies of death , they remember none other life . We must therefore pray , that the Lords glorious light of the gospel may open the eyes of their consciences , and let euery man examine his owne heart , that he may pray to haue his iudgement cleared by the true knowledge of the word , and his affections renewed to the due obedience of the same . For how much knowledge wee haue , so much light haue we ; and looke how much we lie in ignorance , so much we lie in darknes . Wee know but in part , when we are at the highest in this life , how great then is that darkenes , when we know not so much as the word may instruct vs in ? When a man seeth as much in a Papist , as in a blocke , let him consider , that as little as the care is , which we haue of the word , and as small as our conscience is in the obedience of the same ; so little is his light in heauenly things . Yea , though we haue knowledge , and liue not after it , we are yet in darkenes , wee grope as it were a farre off , who hauing knowledge , haue no conscience . A saying that may touch vs to the quicke , that wee are but hauing a glimmering light , as Paul had in the outward man at his conuersion , or being as purblinde men , not hauing our eyes cleane out , nor our sight cleere , when we haue knowledge , and labour not to build vertue vpon vertue . If then thou hast not a care to profite by the word , thou hast a darke sight , and a glimmering light , there is a shadowe before thine eyes , thou canst not discerne chalke from cheese . No maruaile then , why so few are sharpe sighted in the word , sith either we know little , or knowing somewhat , we practise nothing . Againe , as if wee haue gone some part of the iourney in light , and yet passe the other in darkenes , it is very dangerous : likewise in regeneration , though wee haue spent some part of our life in the obedience of true knowledge , and in the residue of our life do not escape the willnes of the flesh , we cannot without dangerous darknes hold forth our course in the Spirit . If we mingle light and darknes together , and confound the world and the Church , the wisedome of God , and the inuentions of man , we doe not as yet truly obey , nor walke in the light of the word . For as whatsoeuer is not of Faith is sinne , and whatsoeuer is not in the light is darknes : so whatsoeuer is not done according to the light of knowledge , is done in the darknes of ignorance . In all our affaires then we must learne to aske counsell of the word . Here then is a good comfortable doctrine also , that wee are so much in darknes , as in whole or in part we be in ignorance : so whether in part or in whole wee be warranted by the word of God for our doing ; so farre we haue a guide , we haue a load-starre , a lanterne , and a sure light , as Peter witnesseth , to conduct vs. The Papists then are here confuted , which say the word containeth hard things : wee graunt indeed that there are many mysteries in the word of God , and that the testimonies of the Lord are wonderfull , especiallie in the doctrine of saluation , and to a naturall man ; yet there be many things easie to a man regenerate , and the very entrance into them giueth light to the blinde , and to them which are lowly in their owne eyes . It is our great corruption , that when wee know in part , we are as they that haue a glimmering sight of their way , and therefore least they should bee accounted starke blinde refuse a leader . But although wee see as in a glasse , in part , and in measure , yet as a man may follow , if he be not blinde , the light of the lanterne : so we may come to knowledge , vnles wee shut our eyes at the truth . We may therefore as safely for the soules health , follow the light of the word , as we may for the safegard of our body , follow the light of a lanterne . The way of saluation prescribed in the word , is an high , plaine , and heaten way , if anie thing hinder vs therevnto , it is the curse , and our sinne in that wee are not carefull to be directed . For surely this is the word to open our vnderstanding , yea , though wee be borne blinde , if you doe not willingly shut your eyes . But wee must note that Gods word is a lanterne , when Gods spirit worketh thereby : for whilest we goe about the bare and literall sense , it is no otherwise then if a blinde man should reade , or a man hauing sight , should put a vaile before his eyes . Wherfore the man of God praieth , port . 17. 5. Direct my steppes in thy worde , &c. and vers : 7. Shew the light of thy countenaunce vpon thy seruant , & teach mee thy statutes . Why then do we so little profit by the word ? because we , thinking that of our selues we can conceiue aright , doe not pray to be taught by God his spirit . For as no man seeth , or can see what is in man , but the spirit of man , & that which he vttereth with his tongue : no more can we see what is in GOD , but being taught by the spirit of God and his word . Wherefore the Apostle saith , 1. Cor. 2. 20. God hath reuealed them vnto vs by his spirit ; for the spirit searcheth all things , yea , the deep things of God. 11. for what man knoweth the things of a man but the spirit of a man which is in him ? euen so the things of God knoweth no man , but the spirit of God. Flesh and blood , as our Sauiour witnesseth to Peter , cannot reueale the things of our saluation vnto vs , but the spirit of God. And why then are we yet so vnprofitable ? surely because we are not guiltie of our owne infirmities , and we see not the darkenesse and blindnesse which is in vs , or if wee see it , wee feele not our selues pressed with the miserable captiuitie and bondage , wherein it holdeth our soules . This sight made the Prophet so often vse this prayer , Teach me true iudgement , teach me true vnderstanding , teach me thy statutes &c. All which repetitions might otherwise haue seemed to haue bin a vaine babling , had he not vsed such a narrow sight of his inward corruptions with a desire to be deliuered from them , which may condemne vs of our darknes , and teach vs , that there is no light in vs , but by the word . Many indeed are of a modest spirit , and haue some sight of their ignorance , yet they haue not a feeling of their miserie in particular things , and doe not examine themselues in euery particular thing , what it is to be in darkenes ; and therefore , as we haue said , doe no more desire to be enlightned and gouerned by another , than he that hauing a slender eye-sight & hardly discerning his way , refuseth to haue a guide , as though he were blinde . And though the Lord often shineth vpon vs , and maketh vs guilty of our blindnes , yet we doe not see how loathsome , yrksome , and vncomfortable a thing darkenes is , nor how pleasant , amiable , and comfortable a thing light is , although we confesse in generall , that we haue not the light but are in darkenes . The want of seeing the monstrous vglines of this palpable darkenesse maketh vs dull in prayer for the light of Gods spirit . Wherefore we must desire that that may be stricken into our consciences which we haue in iudgement , that is , that we may see how amiable , glorious , and heauenly a thing it is to be enlightned with Gods light , and how horrible a thing it is to be plunged in the darkenes of the soule ; how sweete , excellent , and beautifull a thing it is to beleeue and loue the word , and how loathsome and palpable is mistrust and ignorance . We must then be perswaded , that though we are not in prison , we walke in the night and in the darkenes , whilest we are in ignorance , yet the Lord wil ▪ giue vs in time to suspect our hearts of ignorance , and worke in vs both a desire and a delight to loue and liue after the word , and that we shall find the truth of this verse in ourselues , to say with the Prophet , Thy word is a lanterne to my fecte , and alight to my paths . Many there are which doe not so much as acknowledge this doctrine ▪ Some are come out of this darknes into the glorious kingdome of Christ , and yet swarue so much in life , that they shew not themselues to haue this true faith . And where mens manners swarue besides their profession , we see this sentence , more professed in mouth , than practised in life , and they onely doe beleeue this to be true which enterprise nothing but that which hath it warrant out of the word . For these acknowledge , that in themselues there is nothing but darkenes , and that they stand in need to be inlightned by the ministerie of the word , and working of his spirit . And as we confesse the truth of this in generall , so must we deduce it to particulars and seuerals , so that euery man may say , I am either in light or in darkenesse , if I haue a warrant for this which I doe , out of the word , I am in light ; but if I doe it by the motion of mine owne braine , I am in darkenes . Besides , as this doth shew the great necessity of Gods word : so also it must humble vs , because of our ignorance : as also it yeeldeth this comfort , that as we thinke we trauell safely in respect of our bodies , so long as we haue the light of the Sunne ; so also we are in the safe way to saluation , as long as we are guided by the word . And when as some doe obiect , that the Scriptures doe containe great difficulties , and are hard to be vnderstood ; we said , that though the smallest things were deepe mysteries , yet they be plaine to the least of Gods children . For Prouerb . 8. 9. Wisedome saith , that all her words are plaine to him that will vnderstand , and streight to them that would finde knowledge . And the man of God saith , Portion 17. 2. The entrance into thy word sheweth light , and giueth vnderstanding to the simple . And though all men are not curiously to search into questions , yet all men are carefull to seeke the way of saluation . No man then can herein complaine of darkenesse , but as it is in his owne minde ; neither neede that so to bee , if hee will vse the meanes to auoid it , and in a repenting heart craue the light by prayer . The cause therefore why the word is a parable , and a darke riddle vnto so many , is either the pride of their owne wit , when they thinke their wit to be so good , as they can conceiue euery thing , and their iudgement and learning to be such , as that they can vnderstand any thing , and profit by their owne industrie ; when , as God is the author , so he is also the reuealer of his trueth : or else they doe not esteeme so reuerently of the trueth , nor are so much grieued with their blindnesse and ignorance as they should be . Vers. 106. I haue sworne and will performe it , that I will keepe thy righteous iudgements . NOw as his faith was the first argument he vsed : so the second was his conscience , his loue , & his affection to the word , which he sheweth by his oath : & that we may know it to be no wandring motion of his minde , carrying him away , but a thing well considered of , and constant , he protesteth that he will keepe his oath . Wherein he declareth , that many men haue sometimes motions to good , but they either die presently , or else they be so cold , that they quickely fall away . But as we may see , he was no such light-headed man. We haue here to learne , that this is a iudgement of God , why many doe not profit in the word , because they cannot , ( being void both of griefe , for their natural blindnesse , as also of the cleere sight and faith in Gods word ) say in trueth , Thy word is a lantorne to my feet , &c. Now if these things be in vs , we must pray that we may be moued with a purpose to continue in them , and purposing we must beware we breake it not , but be constant . I haue sworne , and will performe it , that I will keepe thy righteous iudgements . Concerning this binding of himselfe with an oath , which the man of God here vseth , it declareth his care to keepe a good conscience , in laying the iudgements of God which were past , & the iudgements of God to come , vp in his heart . Wee see then , that as when men sweare voluntarily , it is a token of their good conscience ; so it appeareth most in good men , who setting so much by the glorious name of God , can sustaine any priuate discredit , and swallow many troubles to maintaine the credit of it . Wherefore Gods children , though they are carefully to auoid all sinnes , yet make a greater conscience of this sinne , than of any other ; and when they take an oath , though before they made a conscience of that thing , yet now they make a greater conscience . If hee had found no weakenesse , no mistrust , or doubtfulnesse in himselfe , then needed he not so streightly to haue bound himselfe For if he had been alwaies carefull , what needed he to haue vsed an oath ? But the care which hee had to meete with this weaknesse , was the cause of his solemne couenant , which teacheth vs , that such infirmities as are in vs , were in him , who because of the vanitie and sluggishnesse , which he felt in his corrupt nature , did prouoke and stirre vp himselfe to a greater care by an oath . Then if we see , that euen the man of God thought this to be a necessary meane to stirre vp his infirmities , why should we not thinke it as necessarie for vs ? when the most diligent amongst vs , may thinke himselfe to bee behind him in many degrees . But the cause why we make no such oath , is , because we are fearefull , and our delaying of this practise from time to time sheweth , that there is not in vs that feeling of our wants , that reuerence of his word , nor experience of his goodnesse , which he felt . This must make vs afraid , and ashamed of our selues , that we hauing the like infirmities , haue not the like affections . True it is , that to be sparing in these othes , is a good token of a Christian , so that he be but a nouice in Christs schoole ( for euery man must not vse this oth , because he knoweth not his owne strength ) but we must not alwaies be at A. B. C. and dwell still in the principles of Religion . Neither must we thinke that the Prophet here made any new or strange couenant , but rather he iterated that couenant , which before he had made in circumcision , & although we make no such couenant now , yet we must know , that we haue made them before . For this was a renewing of his oth , which he made , when he was circumcised , and entred into Gods familie . And because I am not here to enter into the discourse of many particular vowes ; wee shall speake of our generall vow , which wee make in Baptisme , which though we doe not renue , yet wee are much to be ashamed of it . Wee finde , that vowes are either generall or particular . And here by the way wee must note , that that which wee call a compact betweene man and man , the same is a vow betweene God and man. For as in ciuill affaires , a compact is a streight thing and bindeth vs more before men , than a ba●e promise ; and promises simply made , seeme to haue greater libertie than a compact : so also promises made to the Lord must keepe vs in obedience , but especially vowes , as a double bond , are farre more neerely and carefully to be performed . Concerning generall vowes , we know that in the ordaining of Kings , vowes were made from them to the Lord , as also some passed from their Princes to the people , as 2. Chro 23. where Iehoiad● tooke the Captaines of hundreths in couenant with him : And all the Congregation made a couenant with the King Io●sh in the house of God. And as 2 Chron. 34. 31. Iosiah when hee had destroyed the Idols , and reformed the Temple , after the finding of the booke of the Lawe , stood by the pillar , and made a couenant before the Lord to walke after the Lord , and to keepe his commandements , and his testimonies , and his statutes . &c. Also Neh● . 10. we shall finde a generall couenant confirmed by an oath . Concerning particular couenants , they are either simply according to Gods word , or else taken vp for some speciall end , either as meanes to come to some good , or else as bridles to auoide some euill , as 2. Chron. 15. 12. When the people made a couenant to seeke the Lord , &c. 14. They did sweare vnto the Lord with a lowd voyce . Also Nehem. 10 the people take a new oth and seale it . Ezra . 9 where wee may see , that when Ezra had wept and fasted for the sinnes of the people , in that they had taken strange wiues of the people of the Lands . 3. Made them to make a couenant with the Lord , and to put away their strange wiues : as also Nehem. 5. On this sort Ieremie preswadeth his people , chap. 34 to make a couenant concerning the liberties of their seruants , and denounceth the fierce wrath of God vpon them , for breaking their promise . Of these two kindes of couenants , ●he selfe same rules are to be prescribed . If we feele in our selues any speciall dulnes , we must bewaile it , and when we see that we haue the more streights of minde , we must stirre vp our selues and not neglect the meanes . Wee speake not here of free vowes , but of such as the word of God commandeth , and that for feare of relapse and falling from the Lord , we may vse these means , more surely to tie vs vnto him . A contract is betweene man and man : which when it is betweene God and man , it is called a vow . In contracts men leaue some libertie to themselues , so that for some circumstances they neede not keepe it : but it is meete that euery vow be performed to God. These vowes and couenants , are either generall , such as the King maketh with his subiects , as Ioas , and Iosias , and Nehemiah maketh a generall couenant : or particular , as Asa made a particular couenant ; which couenant is either commanded , or taken vp for some cause , of and in respect of our selues , as meanes to auoide euill , or to lay hold of goodnes , Ezra . 9. The particular couenant or vow , which is commanded , is euer contained vnder the generall , and hath respect vnto some speciall part thereof . And therefore many godly Kings tooke othes of their subiects to leaue some speciall sinne , or to doe some speciall good deedes . So men , &c. So Nehemiah made a particular couenant with the rich men , that they should not oppresse the poore , Nehem. 5. So Ieremy caused the people to make a particular couenāt . 44. There is the same reason of the generall couenant and the particular that is commaunded , for we are bound to doe them : therefore if we be slacke in either of them , we must be sorie for it , if wee haue receiued grace wee must stirre it vp , and for the stirring vp of our selues we must not neglect this remedie . Now , where some take this to be a place from whence they might either draw an argument of free will , or proue by it that we are able to keepe the lawe of God : they deceiue themselues : for first , note the word here vsed , he saith not that he hath sworne to keepe the law of God , but the iudgements of God , which he often before & after in the second verse from this vseth , for the righteous performance of Gods promises , or executing of his iust vengeance ; neither doth hee meane here a simple keeping of them , but rather an inward and carefull receiuing of them in his heart , and notan outward performance . Thus the word ( keeping ) is often taken in the holy Scriptures , euen for a laying vp of the truth in our minde , from whence wee may draw out the vse of it , as occasion shall serue ; as where it is said , Blessed are they that heare the word of God , and keepe it : that is , faithfully lay it vp in their hearts , with a full intent to practise ▪ when God shall giue iust occasion thereof . So that the meaning of this word is nothing else , but a solemne laying vp of the iudgements of God in his minde , mentioned also before , portion 3. 6 ▪ Remoue from me shame and contempt , for I haue kept thy testimonies . So that he sheweth , how hee did marke diligently how God fulfilled his promises to his children , and executed vengeance vpon the wicked . And because the fulfilling of Gods promises , is to giue strength to his to keepe the word , hee sheweth , how he would take a view , how God performed this grace in his seruants , both in forgiuing the sinnes of the repentant , and giuing his grace to them that craue it . Now there are two things especially , which hinder vs from this practise . First , the subtletie of Sathan , thus reasoning in vs ; I would gladly vow , but when I haue vowed such a good thing , I am further from performing my vow , than euer I was before . We answere , that this indeede is so , and commeth as a iudgement of God for vowing so high a thing vnaduisedly and rashly , with a secret presuming of our selues , and not of God , with want of a prayer to the Lord for grace to performe the same , as the Prophet did . For so soone as the Prophet had vowed thus to the Lord , he immediatly maketh his prayer , feruently asking of the Lord , that as hee had giuen his heart whole vnto him , so hee would confirme this grace of his Spirit in him . Now , seeing the Lord hath also promised to cleanse our hearts , and that Iesus Christ is our wisedome and sanctification , and wee are become the children of the highest , our meaning is not , that the full performance hereof should bee sought for in our selues , but in Christ. The second thing whereby wee are hindred , is that , wherewith Sathan doth buffet vs : whē we haue made some breach of our couenant made to the Lord , saying : Thou hast not kept thy promise , thou hast broken thy bond , thou hast violated thy couenant , and to doe this once is as good as twentie : this will be a sufficient euidence against thee why doest thou therefore continue , and striuest any further in vaine ? We see how this preuaileth oftentimes , because there is no greater sinne , than the sinne of them , who sometimes haue beene religious , and by this practise of the diuell , for some particular offence , haue beene perswaded that they haue made an vtter breach of their couenant . Wee answere for this , that seeing that Christ did not onely die for our sinnes before Baptisme , but also for our sinnes after Baptisme , and did not onely satisfie for our sinnes committed before our calling , but for those also which we commit after our calling , though through infirmitie and frailtie we haue fallen , and yet not lying downe in presumption and malice , but there is a reuerent feare & trembling in our hearts , that our corruptions rebelled against the Lord , the particular couenant being broken cannot take away the generall , and cannot bee excluded , but must be included in the same . When then wee haue made a breach of humane obli●●ion , and not of obstinate maliciousnes , this is as well forgiuen in the generall , as other sinnes . Wee may see this in politike matters betweene a good Lord and his seruant , ( for I presuppose a mercifull , a curteous Lord ) the Lord will not bee displeased for failing in some particular performance of some particular couenant , so he findeth him readie to yeeld honour and obedience to the generall couenants which are betweene them : euen so the Lord , whose loue exceedeth the loue of a father , Psal. 103. and of a mother , Esay . 49. towards his , will spare vs for a particular breach , so it be not a general contempt , and done of wilfull malice . If then in such a case we will humble our selues with sorrow , that we displeased our God , and desire the Lord not to take vengeance for any finall breach , because there was no finall intent to fall from the Lord , we shall surely finde mercie and pardon at his hand . This is a doctrine very requisite , because it is the policie of Sathan to perswade a man , that hauing broken one couenant , he hath broken all . The remedie then is , that wee know our sinnes to be pardoned , and that we renue our couenant , which wee doe so oft as we come to the Sacrament . Let vs learne therefore to make all our othes with the Lord in great reuerence , as did Nehemiah chap 5. who caused the oath to be ministred in the presence of the Priest ; then must we vse prayer , and all meanes , whereby we may continue in the same : lastly , if we slip or falle in some particular , we must not be discouraged or ●aint . The cause then why men doe not this , is either because they doe not take it in hand in reuerence , or taking it in hand doe not purpose to keepe it , or keeping it , doe fall by despaire for some particular defect . Thus we see how the man of God sheweth his earnestnes and his affection to the law of God , teaching vs , why many doe not so loue the word , as to make it a lanterne to their feete , either because they haue not such vehement affection , or else they be not so permanent : and therefore we are to pray both against our coldnes to the law , and our inconstancie . It might seeme strange to some , that he should sweare to keepe Gods iudgements : but we must know , that this keeping is not so much in outward shew as in inward vertue . Againe we see , that as in making this holy o th Gods children doe not exclude , but include the forgiuenes of sinnes : so they doe it not , but first presupposing the grace of God , by prayer to be obtained for the keeping of it . Besides , no particular or accessorie couenant can take away the principall and generall , because the one includeth the other . But here we must note , that then no secondarie cause can take away the first , when we sinne but of humane frailtie , and not of presumption , and when we so craue for mercy , that our hearts be set to recouer our selues , and we will not be sluggish in our sinnes hereafter , because then is the oath broken , and couenant disanulled , when we make a finall breach . We must therefore fight against scrupulositie herein , knowing that God wil spare vs as a father doth his children , in that the whole breach of our couenant is a generall relinquishing of the same . When then there ariseth a feare in our hearts to come so neere vnto the Lord ( although it may be good ) no more to powre this pretious licour into fraile cōsciences , than to put new wine into old bottels , and rather appertaineth to them of greater graces : yet we must consider , that there were great infirmities in this man of God , against which he would striue by this meane , and so prouoke himselfe to come neerer to the Lord. So that as we must not vndertake this thing without aduice : so we must not alwaies please our selues in these beginnings , and when as concerning the time we should be teachers , we should neede to haue the first foundation of religion laid againe . Wherefore we must needes acknowledge , that the cause of our long absence from the Lord , is our want of the defiance of sinne , and loue to the word , as the Prophet had ; neither must we euer , when occasion wall be giuen , neglect this meane , which may keepe vs from sliding backe . And here we are to obserue , that wicked or foolish vowes , which hinder Christian religion , and those wicked vowes of wicked religion , as the ridiculous vowes of chastitie , or such as may hinder vs in our callings ( as that a man should neuer eate flesh , or should not weare some kinde of apparell ) are to be auoided ; because they haue not their warrant out of the word of God. And though wine maketh drunkards , being immoderately taken ; yet it is no reason , seeing it maketh glad the heart of man in it owne nature , why others should not vse it , which haue weake bodies : yet thus much will I grant , that if a man that hath beene drunke by too immoderate drinking of wine , doth vow for a time to relinquish it , this is not vnaduised , seeing we are commaunded , if our eye offend vs , to pull it out , and if our foote doth hurt vs , to cut it off . Againe , if a man giuen to concupiscence shall solemnely vow to refraine the familiaritie of wanton women , and will not come in place where light women frequent , but with Iob shall make a couenant with his eyes , we see this by the word also to be warrantable . And thus much for meanes to auoide euill : now for meanes to doe good . If a man feele himselfe dull , and slow in reading the word , or slacke in prayer , shall to the prouoking himself the more make a couenāt daily to reade some portion of the word , and to bestow some time of the day in prayer ; if this be taken vp in the wisedome of the Spirit , to cast off sluggishnesse , and prouoke alacritie herein , we see , because at morning , noone-tide , and euening some of Gods children haue vsed it , he may set himselfe a taske , and thereby may make a stay for his wauering minde . Howbeit these things must not be perpetuall , as it is in other couenants . For a man may abstaine from women and wine for a time , and yet not for euer , because it must bee done for some certaine ends and causes , as also with some holy conditions . As for example , if a man hath taken a time of the day to pray in , and at that time he shall haue some speciall cause of setting foorth Gods glorie , or if his particular calling requiring an whole man , shall call him away ; then if hee omit it , there is no breach , because the thing which hee is about to doe , is according to Gods law . This is needfull to be considered with a godly care , that wee double that some other day , when we shall be more at libertie , which we haue for the same causes pretermitted the day before . If then there be iust occasion offered of this remission ( for otherwise wee must not be remisse ) we know that the couenant is not broken , in that we made it with a condition , that we would vse it so farre foorth , as it might not hinder Gods glory , our dutie to our brethren , nor our seuerall calling , because in such a case , to obey is better than sacrifice . But if there be no iust cause of pretermitting this purpose , then is there iust cause of sorrowing for breaking the couenant . But here wee see an helpe , wee haue not done this taske to day , because of idlenes : what then ? We must returne to the assurance of forgiuenes of sinnes , and must redeeme that with double diligence , which wee haue lost through wilfull negligence . In these vowes then taken vp of our selues , as meanes to auoid sinne , or to doe good ; we must first take heede that they bee made within the compasse of the word . Secondly , that they be but for a time , and not continuall . Thirdly , that they bee euer made with wife and discreete considerations , least being broken , our cōsciences be troubled . Fourthly , if there be any fault , that it be recompenced by double dutie and diligence afterward . Thus wee see , how either for to pricke vs to good , or stay vs from some euill , wee may make a couenant vpon condition , in a desire of Gods glorie , and in crauing Gods grace . And thus much of his care and conscience to Gods iudgements : now let vs come to the third argument , which is his affliction . Vers. 107. I am very sore afflicted : O Lord quicken me according to thy word . IN that the man of God vseth this as a reason before his prayer , it seemeth hee was not meanely troubled ▪ but sorely vexed , as wee may see in ioyning that which he saith in the verse following : My soule is continually in mine hand , yet doe I not forget thy law . Wherein carying his soule in his hand , he meaneth that he hath no assurāce of his life , but is in continuall danger of it , as wee count those things which be in our hand , to be hardly sure , and in perill to slip from vs , as we may see by other places of the word . As in the booke of Iudges , Iephtha saith , I caryed my life in mine owne hand , that is , I did hazard my life . 1. Sam. 28 ▪ 21. where the Pythonisse saith , I haue put my soule in my hand . which is all one , as if shee should say , I haue ventured my life , or I was at deaths doore . Iob. 13. 14. Wherefore doe I teare my flesh with my teeth , and put my soule in my hand ? As if hee should say , Why doe I put my life in danger ? For euen as water lying in our hand is soone slipt out ; so our soule beeing in our hand , is said to be at deaths doore . Besides , he confesseth that he had many snares , and pestilent deuices of his enemies laid against him , so that at his least going astray , hee was layed for , and readie to bee taken . In that hee needed thus to pray , wee may see how reason might haue moued him to the contrarie . Flesh and blood might haue taught Daniel , that in such narrow search hee might haue shut his window when he praied , or haue conueied himselfe into some secret chamber , and so to haue vsed some policie , and prouided means to haue saued himselfe , had not the spirit of God mightily preuailed in him against all such temptations : So when by reason of some imminent danger , we are at our wits end , sathan would haue vs go in by-paths , and not to make the word of God a lantorne to our feete . Saul , when hee could heare nothing from the Lord , was driuen thus by his extreame daunger , to goe to the witches . We see then how necessary it is for Gods children , in the time of triall , to pray for their direction in the right wayes . Againe , because when we are hardly dealt with , wee are ready to reuenge with policie , we see how he prayeth to keepe himselfe aright . It was vndoubtedly the great mercie of God to Dauid then to pray , that no affection of reuenge might enter into him . Oh how needfull then is it for vs , whē the wicked shall deale with vs vnreasonably , to pray to the Lord to be kept in iudgement from policie , and in affection from reuenging , and that we may stay our iudgement on Gods promises , and our affections on his dealings ? Thirdly , if all meanes be wanting to vs , then will the diuell moue vs to despaire , and therefore great neede haue we to pray , that we may be deliuered from the darkenesse of despaire , by the lanterne of Gods word . We see how necessarily the man of God praied : not to be tempted aboue his strength , and that the rod of the wicked should not fall on his lot , least he should put his hand vnto wickednesse ; and therefore craued wisedome in Gods word , faith in his promises , and patience in his goodnesse . We see then the plaine meaning of the man of God in this verse , if we call to minde in this word very sore afflicted , that which we haue heard before , that his eyes failed , his heart fainted , his spirit panted , his naturall powers melted , and to be briefe , that he was an image of death . As a man cannot abide great prosperitie , no more can he abide great aduersitie . For as we are puft vp with the one , so we are cast down with the other , by mistrust in Gods prouidence , and despaire of his promises . Experience teacheth vs , that as a little prosperitie maketh vs to forget God , so many inconueniences by affliction may befal vs , as either dulnesse , deadnes , blockishnes , or wicked shifts , or vngodly doubts . Wherfore the man of God here teacheth vs , that if he vsed such remedies in the greater troubles , thē how much more should we vse them in the lesse . We are here besides to accuse our vnbeleefe , bewrayed in small things , seeing the Prophet in so great extremities exercised his faith , against all the reasons of flesh and blood . As the Lord giueth not so great graces vnto vs , as to him ; so he will not presse vs with so great temptations , as he did him . And if the Lord did helpe his Saints in great afflictiōs , surely he will also help vs , if we likewise striue against mistrust . We may see , the Saints of God were neuer so delicately brought vp , that they neuer wanted ; so that if the Lord hath so dealt with his most excellent and faithfull seruants , what will he do to vs vnfaithfull ones ? if he did so to thē which were vnder the law , to whom were made greater promises of outward things ; what will he do to vs , to whom are promises made of spirituall things vnder the Gospel , as of the forgiuenes of sins , of the renewing our hearts , of spirituall ioyes , of the kingdome of heauen ? If the Lord then lay on vs such troubles , as he laid on our forefathers , how much more should we suffer them , seeing we may profit by their example , who were vnder the Law , who were in the dawning of the day , or rather in the night in respect of vs , vnto whom Christ is crucified and risen again . We must then be ashamed of our womanish nature , who will shrinke at so little triall , & think that the Lord should deale more gently with vs , than with them . They were in the shadow of the Law ; we in the bright Sunne of the Gospell , which if we see , we shall accuse our selues of the wants of Gods graces in vs ▪ seeing he dealt thus with his dearest Saints . In that he addeth , quicken me according vnt● thy word , he sheweth , that he meant not to escape by naturall meanes , although as he would vse them , so he stayed not in them : he vsed these as accessaries , but the word of God as principall . For his principall was to be quickned by the word , and his accessary was the vsing of ordinarie meanes . Then in all afflictions let vs craue of God , that we may not vse vnl●wfull meanes , but rather the promises of God , as our chiefest strength , & feeling them with Gods fauour in vs , then may we vse the other to these . For then will the Lord giue successe and blessing to naturall and secondary meanes , when our hearts being chiefely stayed on the promises of God ( as our chiefest strength , and feeling them with Gods fauour in vs ) in the forgiuenes of our sinnes , and renuing of our mindes , we craue a blessing on the creatures , as on the second meanes Besides , he acknowledgeth in this word ( quicken ) the Lord to be the author of life , and that without his word , he was as dead . This life indeed is the shadow of death , common with the reprobates and bruit beasts , and our life is only in Christ Iesus . So Adam was called dead , what is that ? surely , in that his soule had not●ing to doe with God ; and although God gaue him a naturall life , yet spiritually he was dead . Thus the Saints of God thought they were at the last cast , & ready for the buriers , when they could not feele Gods presence and promises . According to thy Word , that is , according to thy promises , for wee haue none assurance to come to GOD , vnlesse his word be giuen vnto vs. What , had he especiall or peculiar promises working in him ? The diuers places of this Psalme will she we no such thing , because this Psalme is an image of Regeneration . They were generall promises , as are other in many places of the Scripture , Reioyce O Syon for thy redeemer commeth . Euery man might applie this to himselfe : as is also that place , Esay , 66. 2. I that dwell in heauen will looke cuen to him that is poore , and of a contrite heart , and trembleth at my words . These promises are generall , and therefore we must looke to be quickned by them . For the Lord saith , that though Eternitie be his place , yet will he come to them that be of a contrite heart : so that sith the Lord hath made this promise , we must by Faith vse it : Come vnto me , saith Christ , all that labour and are loaden . Behold another generall promise , which we must applie to ourselues by Faith , making this argumēt without selues ; Lord thou hast promised this , whosoeuer is wearie and heauie loaden , shall of thee be refreshed . Lord I am wearie and heauie loaden , Lord therefore helpe me according to thy promise . I came not , saith our Sauiour in another place , to call the righteous , but sinners to repentance . We see that these generall precepts must be belieued , and we must craue Gods spirit , that we may be quickened and receiue life by them . For though they be generall to all , yet we must vnderstand , that euery man is to applie them seuerally vnto himselfe . Howbeit we must first belieue the generall promises , and then by prayer , we are to craue a speciall vse of them , as of them wherein we belieue . Vers. 108. O Lord I beseech thee accept the free offering of my mouth , and teach mee thy iudgements . NOw the Prophet prayeth for the clearer vnderstanding of Gods word . This is then his principall : which here is set downe more plaine . The meaning therefore of this verse is : that I may thus be quickned , cleare my iudgement , that I may see how thou dealest with thy seruants , that I may haue comfort in thy promises . As the aire being troubled , the weather is darkened ; so the mind of man being troubled with ignorance , storms , mists , & clouds of temptations , is much distempered . Wherefore he prayeth against these port . 17. 7. Shew the light of thy countenance vpon thy seruant , & teach me thy statutes . Where we may see how afflictions had hidden as it were the ccuntenance of God ; shewing also , that the face and fauour of God appeareth in nothing so much , as in the true vnderstanding of his word . And port . 8. 8. The earth O Lord is full of thy mercies , teach me thy statutes . Port 2. vers : 4. Blessed art thou O Lorde , teach mee thy statutes . Whereas God is good , he reuealeth it in nothing more then in this pure vnderstanding . Teach mee thy iudgements , &c. As if the man of God should say , This is one thing , wherevnto I will giue ouer my selfe , euen to see how thou doest punish the wicked , and conductest thy children . So that we must learne , that as it is necessarie to vnderstand the law and the Gospell , so is it requisite to discerne Gods iudgements . For as wee cannot learne the one without obseruing of Gods mercie ; so wee cannot attaine to the other , without marking his vengeance . We must see alwayes by the peculiar teaching of Gods spirit , how the Lord punisheth in iustice , and yet in mercie ; in wrath , and yet in loue ; in rigour and hatred of our sinne , humbling vs with one hand ; in pittie and compassion to our saluation , comforting vs with the other hand . Wee see then how the Prophet prayeth , both to see them , and to marke them : wee neede teach this often , because wee dreame so much of fatall necessitie , and of the connexions of naturall causes , or else because we cannot discerne betweene the crosses of the godly and the vngodly : so that as the wise man saith , Eccl : 9. 2. All things come alike to all men : and the same condition is to the iust and to the wicked : to the good , and to the pure , and to the polluted , and to him that sacrificeth , and to him that sacrificeth not : as is the good , so is the sinner , hee that sweareth , as hee that feareth or reuerenceth an oath . This is then a singular gift of God to discerne , how by the selfe-same meanes the Lord both humbleth the good , and ouerthroweth the wicked . The meaning then of the man of God briefly is : O Lord giue me a right iudgement in thy iudgements , that I may see how thou sauest thy children , and punishest thine enemies , otherwise I shall neuer discerue this . Accept the free offerings , &c. We must marke how these things are ioyned together , this is the thing , for which I sacrifice , the thing I wish , I desire and pray for , and therefore O Lord accept it . The man of God alludeth here to sacrifices , and sheweth , that the Lord is delighted with no sacrifice more , than with prayer and thankes-giuing . For all other sacrifices in the time of the law , as the slaying of goates , & killing of bullocks , tended to these two , as appeareth . Psal. 50. 14. Offer unto God praise , and pay thy vow to the most high : and in the 22. vers . Hee that offereth vnto mee praise . shall glorifie me , &c. In which places the Lord sheweth , that he had ordained the other sacrifices , as temporal means to the eternall vse of thanksgiuing : for so the Lord dealt with them , as with children , leading them as it were by the hand , by temporal things to eternal . Psal. 14 1. 2. the Prophet saith : Let my prayer be directed in thy sight , as incense , and the lifting vp of mine hand , as an euening sacrifice . Where hee sheweth , alluding to the sacrifices , that as a sweet smell is pleasant vnto man : so is the sacrifice of prayer fragrant vnto the Lord. This is the sacrifice euery day to be offered , mentioned in Malachie , 1. 11 where the Prophet , or rather the Lord , rebuking the Priests for their corrupt offerings , saith : From the rising vp of the Sunne , to the going downe of the same , my Name is great among the Gentiles , & in euery place , incense shal be offered vnto my Name , and a pure offering , &c. Here by the Altar and sacrifice , the Prophet meaneth the spirituall seruice of God , which should be vnder the gospel , when an end should be made to all the legall ceremonies , by Christs only sacrifice . Therefore Heb. 13. 15. Let vs by him offer the sacrifice of praise alwayes to God , that is , the fruite of our lips , which confesse his Name , &c. It is good to note this praise and thanksgiuing , which as it is the end of sacrifices , which being ioyned with doing good , is the onely offering left to Christians , and only is pleasing vnto God. For as our fathers might know , that their sacrifices were not accepted , but as the Lord shewed fauour ; so our prayer is not accepted , but as the Lord in free mercie doth graciously receiue it . Wherefore it is said , Gen. 4. The Lord hath regard to Abel & his oblation , that is , he accepted fauourably the sacrifice of Abel . Thus wee also vse to deale in our suites to noble persons , if it please you to accept my seruice , or if you will vouchsafe to receiue my suite , and to consider of my supplication : so here the man of God saith in effect ; Looke vpon this my prayer with a pittifull eye , & a merciful countenance , We are then to knowe , how wee by our prayers , get no credit with the Lord ; but the Lord giueth credit to our prayers . If then God be not delighted with our prayers , which are our best things , how much lesse then wil he be pleased with other things ? The Papists then are carnall , and as our Sauiour Christ said of Peter , whom they follow in faults , and not in graces ) they sauour not of the things of the spirit ▪ Well we are to learne , that if God so dealeth in our prayers , he will so deale in all other things , which are the better by them . The free will offering , &c. We are here also taught , to giue vnto the Lord a free offering , for hee loueth a cheerefull giuer , and cannot abide vs to come vnto him by constraint . The Lord in the old time would haue the fattest of the flocks , & the purest , and why ? because he would thereby trie his people , whether his people would offer cheerfully and willingly or no ; & by so much it was vnto him more acceptable , by how much it was offred more freely . So Abel , Gen : 4 offred of the fat of the flock , that is , of the best . A mans sacrifice may be refused , because of his corruption in him , and there is no grace in man , without Faith in Christ , which may stād him in steed , to make his sacrifice acceptable before God. We must thē pray vnto God , that we may offer our praiers freely , that they may not be customable , but that there may be in vs a lust , a spirit , a desire to pray , remēbring this saying of the Prophet , accept the free will offering of my lippes . His meaning then of his words briefly , is this much , I do not this O Lord constrainedly , or against my will , but with a free good will , and cheerefull heart , I make my prayer vnto thee . We see then our dulnes and wearines in our prayer , which we must bewaile in our selues , as that which hindreth vs from the fauour of God. Would we deale so with a Prince , as to offer vnto him the euill things , as saith Malachie , chapt : 1. 8. And if yee offer the blinde for sacrifice , is it not euill ? and if yee offer the lame , and sicke , is it not euill ? offer it now vnto thy Prince , will hee be content with thee , or accept thy person ? saith the Lord of hosts . If we had a supplication to our Prince , would we come so sluggishly , so vnreuerently , so carelesly , as we come to pray ? not remembring his Maiestie , neither feeling our wants , nor desiring our requests , nor fearing the repulse , would wee not shake off all this sluggishnesse , and deadnes ? then let vs translate this to the seeing of GOD by Faith , and comming before his presence by prayer , doe wee come before his Maiestie , as pricked with a feare thereof ? are wee pressed with feeling our wants ? doe wee feare the repulse ? Oh let vs craue by prayer , that we may not come in fashion , but in feare , not on custome , but of conscience , and with a free spirit . If the spirit make vs free ( saith Iohn ) then are we free indeede ▪ wee are so captiuated of our selues , that we cannot be free , but by the spirit . When then we see vs in this dulnes , and custome in hearing , reading , or praying , we must pray with Dauid , Psal : 51. 10. Create in mee a cleane heart O God , and renue a right spirite within mee . 12. Restore to mee the ioy of thy saluation , and stablish me with thy free spirit . Where hee hauing lost as it were , the freedome of the spirit , the cleannes of his heart , and the ioy of his minde , prayeth to haue them all restored againe . And thus much for our admonition . Now for our comforts . I am sore afflicted , accept my free offerings . How could hee before afflicted , and yet free ? when he desired to be quickened , he felt not this freedome : Neuertheles , he ceased not to offer his sacrifice : whereby we are taught to offer our prayers to God , although through perplexitie of the spirit , wee know not how to pray , nor what to say , but speake sighing and groaning ; for this is a sacrifice acceptable to the Lord. For though wee cannot pray with comfort , yet we must craue of the Lord , euen by mourning and complaining of our owne estate , and bewailing our case , this also is an acceptable sacrifice . For a sacrifice of sacrifices , is a contrite heart , saith the Prophet . And as wee said before out of the last of Esay , to an humble heart will I looke , saith the Lorde . When wee cannot then finde free ioy , let vs come with free sorrow , and when we know not how to pray , Gods Spirit will teach vs how to craue , how to sigh , and how to pray , and the Lorde will know the meaning of his owne Spirit crying in vs. The meaning of the man of God in effect is , I powre out my prayer in the aboundance of my griefe , and from a full heart ; we see when a man wanteth a thing , though he cannot intreat his friend to obtaine it of him , yet hee may freely mourne and lament his estate . Let vs then , when we cannot pray , not cease to mourne and to make a noyse , as Ezechias , who chattered like a Crane or Swallow : wherein he sheweth , that he was so pressed with sorrow , that he could doe nothing but sigh and groane . When wee growe therefore in languishing grieses , this is not the thing which pleaseth the Lord , but it nourisheth still in vs mistrust Wee may see in the word of God , the vnperfit speeches of Gods children , and dearest Saints , vttering in their griefe their patheticall affections . For what was the remedie in this confusion , but euen to powre out freely before the Lord their griefs and in opening them to their friends ; yea , and when they could doe neither of both , yet would they reueale their sorrowes to the trees of the fielde . His offering we see were his griefes . The Lord is God , and not an Idoll , hee will heare thee , when thou criest vnto him . It may be thou art ashamed to confesse thy faults before man , thou needest not be ashamed to confesse thy sinne before God. Man may cast thee in the teeth with thine infirmities , the Lord will neuer vpbraide thee . Man will not keepe counsell , neither can giue thee counsell : the Lord will both keepe , and giue thee counsell . Man may prescribe some means of deliuerance : but the Lord will both tell thee the means of thy deliuerance and will deliuer thee . So the Prophet in his owne example , Psalm . 42. 3. offereth his griefe vnto the Lord in teares , for when one waue went ouer another , and his reason and his soule had made a tumult within himselfe , yet he said , Why art thou cast downe my soule , & vnquiet within me ? waite on GOD , &c. Let vs then consider of the promise made Rom. 8. 26. The spirit helpeth our infirmities : for wee know not what to pray as wee ought , but the spirit it selfe maketh request for vs , with sighes , which cannot be expressed . Let vs then , though wee know not how to pray in freedome of ioy , pray in freedome of sorrow . Let vs beginne to offer in sorrow , and in time wee shall offer in ioy . For Psal 30. 5. Though weeping may abide at euening , yet ioy commeth in the morning . And Psal. 126. 5. Though we shall sowe in teares , yet we shall reape in ioy . Vers. 109. M● soule is continually in mine hand : yet doe I not forget thy law . Vers. 110 : The nicked haue l●ida snare for me : but I swarued not from thy precepts . BY this phrase is meant that hee was at the point of death , as it may bee seene by other places of the Scriptures : as when the Ephramites were angrie with Iephtha because he went to warre without them , he answered , I put my life in my hand , &c. The Witch likewise which spake to Saul , vseth the same speech , and I haue put my soule in my hand , &c. And Iob saith , why should I rent my flesh with my teeth , or carry my soule thus in my hand , &c. Where he meaneth that he was at deaths doore . My soule sainteth , mine eyes faile , I wither like a bottle , and such speeches declare his miserie . This great danger wherein hee is , hee vseth as a third reason , to moue the Lord to heare his prayer : for by this meanes it came to passe that his praier was more earnest . The greatnes of his griefe he amplifieth in the 109. and 110. verses . And in this extremitie of griefe , we shall see that he had good cause to pray earnestly , if we do consider the reasons which flesh and blood would put in to his minde . For first when he saw that he was in such streights , that he could not see meanes or waies to be deliuered , then his reason would perswade him to leaue the light of the word , as a thing that in this case shewed no light , and to vse policie for to helpe himselfe . This is a great temptation , and if God had not assisted him , he might haue fallen hereby . For we see that Saul , when the Lord gaue him no answere , by Vrim and Thummim , nor other ordinarie meanes , hee thought good in policie to aske counsell of a Witch ; which he before time had punished with death . Thus would corrupted iudgement haue carried him to vse policie and vnlawfull meanes , and to haue forsaken the lanterne of the word , if the Lord had not stayed him : and therefore this was one cause to moue him most earnestly to pray . Secondly , if he looked to his affections , he should find them as corrupt : for they would haue carried him to reuenge , when hee sawe himselfe to bee vnreasonably and vnconscionably dealt withall : and therefore to restraine the headstrong affection of reuenge , it was very needfull that hee should pray feruently . For wee see that when Nabal dealt churlishly and vncurteously with him , because hee wanted this helpe of prayer to keepe vnder his affection , therefore hee straightwayes sware hee would kill him , and would haue done so , had not Abigail stayed him , and pacified his wrath : whereas at other times , when Saul dealt iniuriously with him , and the Lord might seeme to haue giuen him into Dauids hand , yet because hee had prepared his heart by prayer , hee abstained from reuenge , and committed vengeance to the Lord. This then might bee a second reason to moue him to pray . Thirdly , when hee saw all meanes taken away , that he must vse no meanes of his owne , neither yet reuenge himselfe : then would the diuell bee busie to driue him to despayre of helpe and safetie : therefore great neede he had to pray that the lanterne of the word might light him against the darknes of despayre . As man cannot beare too much prosperitie , so he cannot beare too much aduersity : and not onely extreame prosperitie and aduersitie ; but euen some little affliction , or prospetitie , will cause our corruption to breake out . Wee are then to accuse ourselues of vnbeliefe , that doe breake out in little things , more than this man in his great troubles . And to remedie this , wee must set this and such examples before vs , to strengthen vs , that as God helped others , so he will helpe vs. If God dealt so with them , that had not such spirituall promises as wee , nor so cleere light of the Gospell as wee ; and they so many wayes pleased God , and wee haue so many wayes sinned ; and they had so plentifull promises of this life , and we haue spirituall : then we must not thinke to escape troubles , but must correct our womanish affection . Vers. 111. Thy testimonies haue I taken as an heritage for euer : for they are the ioy of mine heart . THis is the amplifying of the first verse . This is a true signe that he loued the word , because he loued it as well in trouble as in prosperitie . This is a rare signe of faith : for many are like Iobs wife , who in trouble forg●t the commandements and slided from them : but the contrarie was in Iob. We shall not then haue a sure triall of our faith , before our troubles trie vs , yea and sore troubles , that our soule is in our hand . But if in the greatest we can say the Lord is our strength , our faith is strong : but if little troubles make vs faile , our strength is weake . Therfore we must meditate of these things before they come , that we may stand when they come . If this man in trouble forsooke not Gods word , how ought we to be ashamed , ●●● in prosperitie cannot stand stedfast ? yea we may feare his iudgements because that ▪ seeing we be led away with vanitie now , when trouble commeth we shall fail away . For the continuance of sinne doth either brawne the hearts , or worke sore griefe to them that haue it . Then must we looke to the benefits we haue receiued : for they are not otherwise good but as they are sanctified by the word , prayer , &c. and when we seeke the glorie of God , and the profit of our brethren . He first protesteth his loue to the word , in that he maketh it his inheritance , which he proueth because his heart is set on it : for where the heart is , there is his treasure . By testimonies is meant the couenant betweene God , and his people ; wherein he bindeth himselfe to them , and them to him . Some thinke that the excellencie of the word is here set out by many names : but we must look to the proprietie of euery word : as before by iudgements , so by this word testimonies , is meant the couenant : not the commandements , because they cannot be our inheritance , for they cannot comfort vs , because we cannot fulfill them , but faile in them ; and cannot therefore take comfort , but it is rather a killing letter . It is the Gospell that bringeth peace and comfort . The law when it is taken generally , containeth all the word ; particularly , the commandements : so the word generally both law and Gospell : but particularly , the promises : as Rom. 10. So likewise by the testimonies , when they are opposed to the law , is meant the promises of the couenant : as Esay . 8. and this testimonie is confirmed to vs by the Sacraments , as to them by sacrifices . The couenant is called an inheritance . First , because it is excellent . Secondly , because it is proper to them . Thirdly , because it cannot be lost , but by their owne default . It is his : first , because God hath promised to write his law in his heart . Secondly , because he hath promised to him life by it . Thirdly , because God will performe his promise . This couenant is excellent , because hereby we are made the sonnes of God , and hauing our sinnes for giuen vs , we shall be enabled in some measure to keepe the law , and that trouble and griefe where with many are destroyed , yet shall turne to our good . Againe , it is excellent , because it is permanent , 1. Pet. 1. where it is called vncorruptible . All things compared with this , are vile : I count all things but dung , saith Paul ▪ Men will in danger make shipwracke of all , that they may saue their liues ▪ so Paul did euen willingly part with all things , and counted them but dung for this , Phil. 3 ▪ 8. 9. We must examine whether we make this account of our saluation , and of the word , which is called milke , meate , siluer , and all things , that we should seeke all things in it . This inheritance is proper to the elect ; as Iam. 4 Rom. 12 and Iohn saith , that This is our priuileage to be the sonnes of God. For riches are common to the good and euill , so is glorie , &c. for both haue these things , therefore they are no true inheritance , because they are common to many : and these things cannot get vs heauen , nor deliuer vs from hell . It cannot be lost but by our owne default : for that , that some lose their inheritance without default , is the corruption of the world ; but forgiuenes of sinnes , and such like , which are our inheritance , cannot be lost : for though Princes may be driuen from their kingdomes , yet cannot the gates of hell preuaile against vs ; so that , though the mightie can take away our life , yet they cannot take away the loue , prouidence and good will of God. The things , and inheritance are most esteemed , which are of longest continuance and haue longest indured ; as to esteeme leases better than to be tenants at will , copies better than leases , heritages better than copies , because there is no collusion and cauill of law can take it from vs. This is most excellent : and such is our inheritance : for wee were elected thereto before all worlds , and looke to goe the same way , that all the faithfull before vs haue gone : and haue it confirmed with the Law , Prophets , and Gospell , and with the godly death and holy life of his seruants . This word bringeth to vs the things that eye cannot see , &c. This is the chiefest of all , that it cannot bee taken from vs : for all heresies and sects are discerned by the word truly vnderstood , by this , I say , that the word truly vnderstood , giueth faith , whereby wee are surely perswaded of the life to come and of the resurrection , Paul saith , Act. 20. that without faith in the resurrection there is no religion : so Ioh. 6. and Phil. 2. Therefore Heresie , Papistrie , and Paganisme can giue no true inheritance , because they cannot assure vs of our saluation . Againe , the truth giueth vs not imaginarie good things , but good things in truth ; and assureth vs truly that wee shall bee saued , and they haue not these , they therefore haue no true inheritance . He doth not only confesse that he made the Lord his inheritance ; but also he saith that hee maketh the testimonies of God his inheritance ; both because they are the meanes whereby we come to haue inheritance in heauen , and also because they are assurances of the same . For the word is , as it were , the deede of gift , and the Sacraments are as it were seales of the same . Almost all men will confesse that the word is to bee had in this singular account : but yet few doe attribute this dignitie to the Sacraments . And yet as the indenture , when the seale is taken away , is nothing worth ; so if we take power from the Sacraments , then can we not haue our assurance good . If we cannot come to make this account of the word and Sacraments , yet as Dauid did , let vs be sorie that we cannot . He when he was driuen out of his kingdome , and banished from the Temple , said , this will I require , that I may behold the faire beautie of the Lord , &c. Hee had now lost his kingdome , wife , children , and all , yet these if they might be restored , could not satisfie him , vnles he might also be in the house of the Lord. Then let vs labour to haue this desire , that if we cannot with ioy finde it , wee may with sorrow labour after it . Vers. 112. I haue applied mine heart to fulfill thy statutes alway , euen vnto the end . IN the former verse he shewed his faith , and his ioy which came thereof ; now he sheweth that here in this ioy he will keepe the commandements : whereby hee sheweth that this was a true ioy , because it wrought a care to doe good . For if we beleeue the promises truly , then we also loue the commandements , otherwise faith is vaine ; a care to liue a godly life , nourisheth faith in Gods promises . Here is the cause then why many regard not the word and Sacraments ; or if they doe a little , it is to no purpose , because they labour not to keepe the commaundements . For vnlesse they haue care to doe this , the word of God to them cannot be profitable , nor the Sacraments sacred . He further sheweth that this was a true care , in that it began at his heart : for here is the beginning of al goodnes , here is the roote of religion , and here the foundation of our faith must be laid . It is not the refraining from outward actions , it is not the restraining of the outward man : but it is the heart that wee must trauell about , and take care for . Hereof it came to passe , that many of the Kings & people in the books of Chronicles continued in godlinesse , and kept an euen and equall course , because they prepared their hearts ; as Ezechias , Iosias , and others : and hereof it came to passe that many fell from the faith , because they sought not God in their hearts ; as the Scribes and Pharisies , which clensed the outward actions onely It must then be our lesson which we must studie on , to take care to our hearts aboue al things , and to make the beginning there . For the cleannes of that pleaseth God , and the filth of that displeaseth him . But when he saith , I haue inclined , doth hee meane that of himselfe hee could applie his heart as he listed ? No , no , he meant nothing lesse . For he was conceiued in sinne ; and how then were the preparations of his heart in his owne hand ▪ Againe , he prayeth , portion 5. Incline mine heart vnto , &c. where hee doth plainly shewe , that it was God that turned his heart at his good pleasure . And no maruell truly , for the heart of man can no further bee tried out , or spied , than the Lord doth gage and open it , that wee may see thereinto , Ierem . 17. 9. And againe , the hardnesse of mans heart is such , that it will sooner breake than bend ; and may sooner be applied vnto any thing , than vnto goodnes . Where in the follie of Papists , and other heretikes is more than manifest , which by this and such like places , would proue the freewill of man , and that he can incline himselfe to goodnes ; s●eing that here is nothing else meant , than that men doe then incline their hearts , when God doth incline them ; so that the Lord he worketh all , and yet is it attributed to men , when they receiue and pursue the working of God : so the heart is free if God maketh it free , not else . If we presume of our free will , when we haue it not , we shall purpose , and God will otherwise dispose : for hereof commeth it that so many fall from their purposes . God is not pleased , but with voluntarie offering , therefore he applieth his heart ; and we must beware of seruile seruice . The constantnes of his purpose to cōtinue in this obedience , he sheweth , when he saith , he will doe it for euer and euer , and that at al times , not onely at a communion , or at a fast , or in sicknes , but at all times . PORTION . 15. SAMECH . Vers. 113. I hate vaine inuentions : but thy law doe I loue . HE shewed in the last words of the former part , that hee meanes to bee constant to the ende ; now hee sheweth foure reasons thereof : the first reason is the hatred that hee had of all wickednesse , in this first verse Hee hath vsed many arguments to proue to his heart that hee loued God , and to commend it to others by his example , as Paul doth . This was one , the loue that he had to Gods law : secondly , his trust in the word : thirdly , his care to keepe it , &c. and therefore he often prayeth for it . He sheweth his loue of it , in that he preferreth it to all other things : as in the eight portion , The earth is full of thy goodnesse , teach me thy statutes ; hee maketh it sweeter than hony , and better and more pretious than siluer His desire that he had to keepe it , and the prayers that he maketh for it , are to be seene almost in euery portion . Here he vseth a proofe , drawne from the contraries , which is a true and sensible kinde of reason ; hee loueth the law , because hee hated all the waies of false hood , either in doctrine or life . Our reason will teach vs , that there is no agreement betweene fire and water , betweene light and darkenes ; and so if we goe through all the course of nature , we shall see that there is no agreement betweene contraries . This argument is often vsed in the Scriptures , as Psalm . 145. Doe not I hate them , &c. Zachar . 2. Tit. 2. 1. and most plainly 1. Cor. 6 , What fellowship is betweene light and darkenes : &c. This is needfull for men to knowe , that they learne to hate superstition and heresie , and to roote it out , least whilest with Saul they spare wicked Agag , they persecute righteous Dauid . If a man hate false religion , hee shall neuer be infected with it : for if they be perswaded that it will hurt them , then they will keepe themselues far from it . A man when hee seeth a toade , or any other hurtfull beast , he will be sure to keepe him farre from it : neither will we euer receiue for meate that we know to be poyson : so if wee beleeue that Poperie and Heresie are poyson , then we will not receiue them . But if men thinke fauorably of Heretikes , and call them honest men , and well dealing men , then it is very easie to intangle such a one . Herein doth the coldnes of the loue of Gods law in vs appeare , in that we doé so coldly hate the false . Because loue setteth the price on things , and hatred maketh vs far from them , therfore if we will continue in the truth , we must loue it : and if we wil auoide the false , we must hate it . And we must not be deceiued by the outward shew of an honest life , for if comparison be made betweene Gods children & Heretikes when they are both in prosperity , or both in aduersitie , then we shall see the difference betweene them : for otherwise , there is no comparison to be made , when they are one in prosperitie , and another vnder the crosse . When the children of God are in trouble , and in affliction , the graces of God doe manifestly appeare in them : for first they haue such spirituall wisedome , & vnderstanding , that euen poore & simple soules in the countrie are able to answere the great and learned men of the Vniuersitie : so that they be not able to withstand the Spirit that speaketh in them . Againe , their boldnes and courage in the truth is such , as that they be not ashamed to speak , euen before Kings , & the mightiest of their enemies . But Heretikes how far are they from this wisedom , when they come to answere , they either say nothing at all , or else their reasons are so blockish , and without sense , that a childe would marueile at their folly : and though they set some face and shew vpon them , yet if they be vnripped , and then referred to their heads , they are but vanitie . As for their boldnes and courage , it is nothing : for if they speake to some simple man , or in some secret place , then will they be bold to speake their pleasure : but call thē to the place of iudgement , or before them that are able to call them to accounts , then their answeres are to seeke . And here of it commeth , that they are periured , vnfaithfull , not men of their word , but dastards and cowards , and such as will not stand to the truth . In suffering there is a great diuersitie betweene them : for if the childe of God come to suffer , he is neither effeminate to account the paine too painfull , neither yet blockish without sense and feeling in suffering : but he feeleth the smart and bitternes of it , and yet feeling Gods fauour he ouercommeth it . And this is true patience indeed , when men feele the paine to be grieuous , and yet through the hope and feeling of Gods fauour doe ouercome it : and in suffering they can pray for their persecutors , and can be contented to shed their blood for the conuersion of those that seeke their subuersion and ouerthrow . Deale Heretikes thus ? or doe they not cleane contrarie ? Yes : for in their suffering they are either as men without sense , bereaued of their wits ; so they are rather blockes and stones , than men , and their suffering is blockishnes , and not patience : or else they are effeminate and womanish , to howle and crie out in their paines , and to die with cursing and banning and all kinde of railing . Thus they deale . This experience haue we seene of both , euen within our daies . If you compare them together when they are both of them in prosperitie , and if you then consider their liues , you shall also see that there is great difference . For the children of God , whilest they loue the word , the Sacraments , and discipline , they cannot long lie and continue in any sin : for the word will rebuke them , the Sacraments will admonish them , and discipline will also helpe to bring them from it : but the wicked liue and lie as in a dead sleepe in sinne in prosperitie , and will not be wakened . He doth not onely speake of corruption in doctrine , but also in manners : as in euery commandement , we cannot loue the good , but we must also hate the contrarie : as in lust , adulterie , &c. as Ioseph hated his Mistresse , when he once perceiued that she was vncleane . Then whilest men are giuen to vanitie on the Sabbath , they loue not the Sabbath : for if they did , they would either take heede of such ; or if they fell into them , they would recouer themselues . Then we cannot loue the Sabbath , vnlesse we delight in it , and hate the contrarie . Then if we will trie whether we loue the word , let vs trie it by the hatred of naughtines in vs , and this if we feele , we may be comforted , for God will worke by this . The word ( thoughts ) is a metaphor from the crooked boughs of a tree , and signifieth , that as the trees haue their boughs spread abroad crookedly , so doe thoughts grow out of men . And his meaning is , that he hated these ouerthwart thoughts . Therefore he laboured not onely for the outward hatred , but euen the imaginations that are contrary thereto , as the thoughts of idolatrie , vncleannes , &c. and to these all he biddeth battell , that he may loue the law . This is a good thing for vs : for though we come not to idolatrie , murder , adulterie , &c. yet the euill thoughts come into our mindes ; and these we must not suffer to be setled , but at the first we must hate them , and driue them out . Thoughts are not free , therefore neither it is enough to loue in shew , but we must also loue in thought : for if we fauour them , wee may by little and little bee carryed away . For hereof it commeth that men are brought to reuenge , and other euils , because they make not cōscience of the thoughts . Thus we see that men haue thoughts of herefie , anger . &c. and yet they are not at defiance with them , & therefore they fall into the sin . Hereof men fall into adulterie , become enemies to God , his Ministers , and religion : for whilest they make no conscience of thoughts , they fall into the sinnes . It is true then , that we must first fight against reason , when wee will fight against sinne , as a man fighteth not against swearing , because not against anger ; and not against anger , because not against reason . Vers. 114. Thou art my refuge and shield , and I trust in thy word . BEcause the Prophet could not perswade himselfe of any other safetie , than of the safe●●●● which he had vnder the Lord , he sheweth that so long as he put his trust in Gods 〈…〉 s , he feared nothing . And surely this ought to be the principal thing among Christians ▪ to looke for none other defence , than that which is to be looked for out of the promises of God. For what is the cause , why when wee are in daunger , in pouertie , in any distresse , wee haue so many by-paths , and can inuent vnlawfull meanes and shifts so for our deliuerance , but onely because the Lord and his word is not our refuge and our shield ? For if we were once perswaded , that God were our tower to defend vs , and our shield to couer vs , wee should be staied . If wee then call on God in our neede , we must know , that Psal. 33. vers . 18. The eye of the Lord is vpon them , that feare him , and vpon them that trust in his mercies . And that Psal. 145. 18. Hee will fulfill the desire of them , that feare him , hee also will heare their crie , and will saue them . And our cause being good , we neede not to doubt of him : for he hath promised to be our shield and buckler . So our Sauiour Christ being tempted of Sathan to turne the stones into bread , was moued by him to distrust Gods prouidence : What ( saith he ) doest thou thinke , that if thou wert the Sonne of God , thou shouldest bee left in such wants ? make some shift therefore for thy selfe . But Christ knowing God to bee the author of his neede , was assured that he would secretly nourish him , vntill hee had receiued ordinarie meanes againe , and so strengthened himselfe in Gods promises . Likewise , when we are in need or in perill , Sathan will cause vs to vse one shift or other : but we must answere him , The Lord is my shield and tower , I am sure enough ; and therfore I hate all ill inuentions ; I put my trust in the Lord. We acknowledge this with our tongue , yet it is a hard thing to bee practised , to put our trust in Gods word . For howsoeuer wee will grant indeede , that wee must put our trust in God ; yet we hardly yeeld vnto this , that we must trust in his word : but we must here correct this vnbeliefe , and learne that if we seeke for helpe at God , wee must trust in his word . Doth Gods word threaten his iustice , and can wee finde in our liues , that if wee vse euill meanes , we shall be punished ? Doth Gods word assure vs , that God is mercifull , and doe we beleeue that Iesus Christ came to saue sinners , although we were the greatest , and that he came to call sinners , and not the righteous to repentance , and that Iesus Christ came to saue that which was lost , and to refresh all that are wearie and heauie laden ? Thus the man of God saith , portiō 8. 1. O Lord , thou art my portiō , I haue determined to keepe thy law . And portion 14. 6. Thy testimonies haue I taken , as an heritage for euer , for they are the very ioy of my heart . Thus he sheweth , that we must seeke for that in Gods word , which wee seeke for of him . For his word is a conduit or waterpipe , whereby the Lord conueying his mercies vnto vs ; will haue them runne through vnto vs. Doe wee beleeue then the promises that God will prouide for vs ? then let vs beware of al wicked shifts , and trust onely in his word . For if we beleeue God to be our tower , we must looke to Gods word . The Heathen men and the prophane worldlings , will speake gloriously of the goodnesse , of the strength , and of the mercy of God : but when they come to see it in the word , they will erre altogether out of the way ; whereby they shew how they vtter more in their tongues , than they performe in truth . For the Lord hath layde that helpe on his word , which he would haue vs to seeke for at his hand : so Christ by the word put the diuell to flight , with these words in effect , Thou wouldest haue me , Sathan , to mistrust my Fathers prouidence , and to giue my selfe to be taught of thee : but I know he will keepe me in all my necessities , and why ? because he hath said , Man liueth not by bread onely , but by euery word that proceedeth out of the mouth of God : the Lord hath prouided ordinarie meanes to nourish me , and hath not commaunded that stones should be made bread , and why then should I vse vnlawfull meanes ? Wherefore I will stay my selfe vpon my Fathers prouidence . We see , he might haue said , that God is almightie and strong , or that by his mightie power he might haue put off Sathan ; but he reciteth the words of Moses , which he vsed , when the Lord so wonderfully had preserued his people the Israelites in the wildernesse , without ordinarie meanes . We must in like manner , when Sathan shall set vpon vs in time of neede , say , it is written , The Lord is iust and true in all his promises . It is written , The eyes of the Lord are vpon the righteous , and his eares are open to their crie , nothing wanteth to them that feare him . The Lyons doe lacke and suffer hunger : but they which seeke the Lord , shall want nothing which is good . It is written , Rom. 8. verse . 35. Who shall separate vs from the loue of Christ ? shall tribulation , or anguish , or persecution , or famine , or nakednesse , or perill , or sword ? When we are tempted then with doubting in our selues , that we shall not escape , we must know that it is written , Rom. 8. 31. If God be on our side , who can be against vs ? 32. Who spared not his owne Sonne , but gaue him for vs all to death : how shall he not with him giue vs all things also ? If we be tempted to steale , we must say , as it is written , Man liueth not by bread onely , but by euery word which proceedeth out of the mouth of God , knowing that God is able to preserue vs without ordinarie meanes . Vers. 115. Away from me ye wicked , for I will keepe the commandements of my God. THe cause why the man of God could not so stay himselfe on the Lord , was , because what way soeuer he turned himselfe , he could see no man that would helpe him . He had no helpe of the world , euery man prouided for himself , some shifted this way , another that way , he could see no good example of any , which either beleeued Gods promises to be true , or were readie to obey his commaundements . Wherefore it is manifest , that they were impediments rather than furtherances vnto him . For else why should he say , Away from me ye wicked ▪ & c ? Were there so many impediments in his daies , and shall we thinke there are not so many in ours ? or was that age wherein he liued more wicked , than the age wherein we liue ? First , we are nothing like him in good things , he had greater graces of God than we haue , he had gone further in holinesse than we ; we liue in more wicked daies than he did . For whom shall we haue to follow ? Some follow this religion , some follow that ; some giue themselues to this shift , some to that : so that we haue no examples to build vs vpon , but a multitude to bring vs from the right way . Seeing then we are farre worse than the Prophet , and our daies worse than his times let vs say , Away from me ye wicked : that is , seeing we cannot auoide our dwelling and liuing among the wicked ; yet Lord , let vs be kept from the corrupt example of the wicked , and graunt that we may eschue all familiaritie with them . And as in haruest , if in euery place of the lands , where we reape or mow , were Snakes , we would be very warie least we were stung or impoysoned : so had we neede in these dangerous and plentiful daies of sinne , to be circumspect , least we be either impoysoned with false doctrine , or stung with an euill conscience . And as a man being a meere stranger in goodnes , liuing in the companie of godly men , hearing them , seeing them , and conferring with them in good things , would by Gods grace so be conuerted : so a good man falling into the familiaritie , and like affections , speeches , and actions of the wicked , shall easily be corrupted . We shall see sooner that we are infected and hurt , than wee shall espie how wee are infected and hurt , and though presently we see it not , yet hereafter wee shall . And as it is the mercie of God to be good by the communion of Saints : so it is the iust iudgement of God to be wicked , with the companie of the vngodly . Neither must we thinke , that here is meant to goe out of the world , to auoide the euill ( for we liue all vnder one Sunne , which is aboue vs , we treade all on one earth which is vnder vs , we vse all one water for our necessities , wee haue like callings with them , wee ioyne in the same townes with them , yea and often dwell in one house with them ) but we must beware wee haue no fellowship with them in their sinne , we must away with their deuices to mistrust Gods mercie , wee must hate their imaginations , wherewith they displease God , we must not draw in their yoke with them . If then thou hast a wicked father , or if thou hast a wicked sonne , or vngodly seruant , or an euill companion , thou must not haue familiaritie , or drawe in a line with them , thou must not bee a fellowe or a companion in sinne with them , so shall wee keepe our selues vnspotted . For as the euill men , if they purpose to be obstinate in sinne , will take no profit by the companie of the godly : so the good men , if they will feare and suspect the vngodlines of the wicked , and looke vnto their waies , shall by the Lord bee preserued from their euill . For we see , that as the euill men are not the better for the godly , with whom they are ioyned in the same towne or house with them , because they are so shie of goodnes ; so , if we be as shie of their wickednesse , wee shall be freed from much vngodlines . Wherefore wee must not be like affected , we must not thinke as they thinke , speake as they speake , doe as they doe , nor vse their calling as they doe . Otherwise wee see , that as the euill by the godly are bettered , so the good are made worse by the vngodly . Thus we haue heard , that as the man of God in the first shewed himselfe to haue an hatred to the secret deuices of mans imaginations : so in the second he setteth downe a reason of the same , where we declared , that we could neuer be brought to the true hatred of euil inuentions , vntil we be throughly perswaded of Gods prouidence ; whereof when we be once truely perswaded , wee shall not need to swarue this way or that way , because in all assaults we haue a sufficient refuge in God. In that he putteth his trust in Gods word , we must learne , that we must neuer seuer faith and Gods promises , whereby we must be staied , and leane to his prouidence : otherwise we shall haue but vaine speculations of his prouidence , vntill wee knowe out of the word , to whom the promises doe appertaine , and what hee requireth of them , to whom they are made . On which word of God , whilest wee take hold , euen as a shield safegardeth vs from the blow of the aduersarie , so the promises of God are a sufficient buckler to defend vs from the darts of our enemie . So that , if we haue the Lord for our tower against Sathan , if we be in pouertie , we shall see the Lord our shield and wealth ; if wee be in sicknes ▪ hee shall be our castle and health . The Israelites had proofe hereof , who , so long , as they made the Lord their shield and refuge , were not once touched of their enemies . If this faith be in vs , then shall wee bee perswaded , that the hearing of the word , and time which wee spend in prayer to the Lord , will not hinder our calling , nor hurt our profit ▪ but so long as wee walke in our waies , ioyning with our calling the hearing of Gods word , and prayer , hee will be our defence and tower , and either saue vs from damage , or turne all our euils to our good . We must see all this out of the word of God. For our Sauiour Christ ( as we saide before ) did not rest in the omnipotencie of God to put away Sathan being an euill spirite , and therefore hauing nothing to doe with him , but withstood him with this , It is written , still alleaging the word of God : shewing , that whilest he had bread : hee should vse it as an ordinarie meane , and when he had none , ●e should not make bread of stones , but stay vpon the blessing of God which is aboue all meanes . Thus wee see how the promises of God in his word did stay him . And here see how the faith of Gods children differeth from the loose imaginations of the wicked , who , though they giue great titles to the Lord of his mercie , iustice , loue , and prouidence , neuer looke for this in his word . But if we will obey the Lord , and waite vpon his promises , we must doe it by the word , which is as a pipe , through which doe flow Gods graces towards vs , and as a chariot to bring his will vnto vs. Wee are not then to looke into the ayre , or elsewhere for Gods will , than in his word ; but trusting still on God , wee must looke for helpe in his promises . That the man of God might do this the better , he seuered himselfe from the wicked , giuing vs to vnderstand , that he could not goe forward , in that hee saw so few examples of good , and so many examples of euill , whereby so many by paths are ministred vnto him to step out of the right way , in seeing the corruptions of that generation . When wee see then out of the word how we should beleeue , what we should doe , what we should eschue , and looke into the world , wee shall finde so many wicked ones , that which way soeuer a man would turne himselfe , although hee would search the world with a candle , hee shall finde many euill to corrupt him , but fewe good to guide him . And seeing our times are worse , than the times wherein the Prophet liued , and wee are easier and readier to take harme by euill examples , than he was ; we must know , that whosoeuer will be truly taught to hate vaine inuentions , and loue the word of God , he must learne that which is written in the first Psalme , that is , that we walke not in the counsell of the wicked , nor stand in the way of sinners . Away then with them that say , the Preacher indeed speaketh well , and teacheth the truth aright , but who doth it ? and rather let vs bid the euill away from vs , let vs followe them that doe well , so farre as they follow Christ and his word , let vs be heedfull to looke to our waies , and be the more careful , because in former ages the Lord hath set before vs so many examples of falling . Wee may communicate with them in our calling , wee may be knit to them by consanguinitie wee may bee ioyned with them in affinitie , and as neighbours dwell together , we cannot in these things bee well free from them : yet we must not deale with them as they be wicked , we must not drawe in the yoke with them , we must not be giuen to the like studies , to the like endeuours , and enterprises with them . Concerning their calling in the world , wee may vse them , but not according to their corrupt dealing with the world . Wee see the Prophet his meaning is , Away from me ye wicked , ye weaken my faith in Gods promises by your inuentions , you inkindle mistrust in me , I will not yeeld to you , I will not consent to you , nor take part in any of your inuentions : for I trust in my God , he is my shield , and my refuge . Here wee may also learne , how to discerne betweene their persons , wherein they beare the image of God and their callings , which are the ordinance of God , and betweene their liues , which are full of corruptions . If we looke but into the first commandement , we shall see how hard a thing it is to keepe Gods law , vnlesse wee sequester ourselues from the societie of sinne How shall we beleeue among vnbeleeuers , or pray to the Lord among prophane persons , or trust in the Lord among such shifters ? For as euil men continuing in the companie of godly men , shall sodainely at one time or other be coloured with their good things : so the godly abiding in the meetings of the wicked , vnlesse they bee very circumspect , and suspect their owne weaknes , will sodainly be taken . We knowe that Ioseph being in Pharaohs Court , began to be coloured with the Egyptians corruptions . If then wee haue any iust cause of meeting with the wicked , we must not auoid their companie ; but we must mislike their manners , we must rebuke , reproue , & cry against their sins ; we must feare our selues , and in euery thing suspect them . But let vs see how dangerous a thing it is to bee with the wicked , and what meanes there be with them for our destruction : Whether we be friends , and in league with them , or foes and at defiance with them , all is one . For if wee be at defiance with them , how will they bring our persons in contempt , and raise many calumnious speeches against vs , and affray vs with iniuries ? If we be in friendship with them , in what danger are wee least they should inueagle vs , allure vs , and take vs slily away from a good conscience . If we be at defiance with them , they will dismay vs with threatnings : if we be in friendship with them , wee cannot deale so roughly against their sinnes , wee can hardly gainesay them in their wickednesse , wee are drawne away by them , and waxe colde by little and little in those things wherein we haue been zealous . Oh here then appeareth the wonderfull and vnspeakeable mercy of God to his children in this world to keepe them as sheepe among wolues , and to saue them from the infection of sinne , in the middest of a wicked and sinfull generation . It followeth in this verse , That I may keepe the commandements of my God. As if he should haue said , he is not your God , because you put not your trust in him , but follow your own inuentions : he is my God I loue him ; I feare him , I put my trust in him ; I loue his word , because his promises are sweete to me ; I feare to sinne , because his threatnings proue true ; I trust in him , because of his word : he is none of your God , neither can you assure your selues of him . For as Portion 20.3 Saluation is farre from the wicked , because they seeke not thy statutes . No , no , God is grieued and displeased with you , though for a while hee spare you , he shall one day punish you , he is my protectour and defender . This is a notable thing , and worthy to be obserued . The man of God recouereth himselfe , because God hath promised in his word , that hee will defend his as with a shield , but he will put to flight the armies of their aduersaries . He reasoneth therefore thus with himselfe . The Lord hath promised to be a tower and buckler for them , that put their trust in him , and beleeue his word : I beleeue this to be true , I see it shall come to passe according to his word : therefore he is my God , my shield , and my refuge . Let vs learne in time of trouble , thus to recouer our selues . For doe we not see , how now adaies some take this way , and some take that way , some vse this shift , and some haue that policie , doe their dealings shew , that God is on their side , or that hee will take their part ? nay rather that he is farre from thē . We must euery one frame this reason , which the Prophet vseth , that euery man may say , I trust in Gods word , I hate the vaine shifts of the wicked , God is my God. My God : wee must here marke , that wee giue not God sufficient honour , vntill we cleaue wholy vnto him , as he requireth of vs in his first commaundement . For we then haue him to be our onely God when we onely feare him , when we onely loue him , whē we onely obey him , when we put our trust in him alone . So that we deny him his honour , vntill we leauing all other fetches and deuises of louing , fearing , obeying and trusting in him ; and loue , feare , obey , and trust in him , as we are onely and wholy taught in his word . Excellent is that place of the Prophet , Psalm 73. where the man of God , seeing the euill men in number many , in power great ; and good men in number few , and abilitie weake , began to bee in a dangerous estate , in thinking almost wickedly of Gods prouidence , and began to be moued , and to dispute as it were with God about the prosperitie of the wicked , and pouertie of the godly , vntill hee came to looke into the glasse of Gods word , where he found , that though the wicked seemed to haue an happie time for a while , yet through Gods secret curse , they had a fearefull end , and though Gods children were tried with many troubles , yet through Gods secret blessings they had happie issues . Thus saith he , Was I so foolish and ignorant , and as a beast before thee , whiles by mine owne wit and reason I would goe about to search out thy secret iudgements . Yet saith hee , I was alway with thee , thou hast holden mee by my right hand , and howsoeuer it went with the wicked , my faith in thy prouidence did assure me , that thou diddest watch ouer me , and wouldest not finally forsake me ▪ Whom haue I in heauen but thee , and I haue desired none in the earth but thee . Though my flesh should pine away , and I should consume , yet am I perswaded that thou wilt not forsake me , they goe a whoring , and thou destroiest them ; but as for me , it is good that I trust in thee : that is , let all the world fall from thee , yet I see their end shall be fearefull , and therefore I will still trust , and stay on thee . Marke what word he vseth to paint forth mistrust in God , he calleth it to goe a whoring ; we know what a grieuous thing it is for a woman to prostitute herselfe to a baude ; so monstrous a thing it is to giue our trust to any but to God. Wherfore we must fight against the corruptions of the world , not by the sight of reason , but by looking into the glasse of Gods word . Let vs search then , which be the promises of God , to stirre vs vp to doe good , which be his threatnings to make vs afraide of sinne , what examples we haue of good men , that wee may follow them , what examples of euil to auoide them . For here be the pictures of good men , here bee the liuely anatomies of the godly , here wee may take delight in beholding them . Let vs discerne by the word who are true worshippers , who are Idolaters . Let vs look what rules the Lord doth giue in his word , to know the truth , and in whom it is ; to discerne heresies , and in whom they be . Then wee shall see , that this man is sound in religion , and carefull of a good life , the Lord is his God , this man is voide of true knowledge , and breaketh the law of the Lord , therfore vndoubtedly God is far from him . This man though his knowledge be vnperfect , yet he loueth to learne the truth , this man is a good companion for me ; that man is an vnbeleeuer , and trusteth not in God , I will not therfore meddle with him . Well now we haue learned , that we neuer cleaue wholy vnto God , vntill all the corruptions of the world be not able to dismay vs , but rather being stayed and established on the word of God we know assuredly , that the Lord wil not be among the wicked . We haue bin taught that if we will truely beleeue in God , we must beleeue in him according to his word , otherwise he is but an Idoll vnto vs , or a false God framed vnto vs after the imagination of our owne hearts . And if we will truly discerne betweene good men and euill , wee must not iudge them by our owne reason , the common opinion of men , or according to their prosperitie and aduersitie : for so the world cannot perceiue who be Gods children , because the wicked often flourish , and Gods children are vexed : but we must look into the word and see there , how God setteth himselfe against the wicked , and promiseth to bee neare at hand to his saints . This may commend vnto vs what a necessary thing the study of the Scriptures is , which teach vs to know God and his true worshippers : for otherwise we shall iudge heretikes to be true worshippers , and count wicked men honest . Vers. 116. Stablish mee according to thy free promise , that I may liue , and let mee not bee disappointed of mine hope . HEre the man of God desireth , that the Lord would keepe him safe and sure , and that he would confirme him and strengthen him in his word : where we see he prayeth for a thing mētioned before . Faith is not a sleeping thing , lying dead in vs , but it is quick and is nourished by the word . For Gods children doe not so beleeue , but that they are often troubled with vnbeliefe : yea the Lord doth often suffer them to see their vnbeleefe in themselues to striue against it . We see here , how the man of God felt some wauering in himselfe , he was not alwaies in one estate , his faith was not euer at one stay , his beliefe had some vnbeliefe with it , and beleeuing he was afraid of himself . Thus we know , Gods childrē are such , as do not presume , but they suspect themselues , & thinke humbly of themselues , which maketh them often to pray , that they may be confirmed to perseuere . For when we begin to be secure , and to thinke too well of our selues , then we cast off prayer , and lay aside all trust in Gods word , so that God casteth vs off for our pride , and Sathan is readie to beguile vs. We must not then satisfie our selues , if we beleeue , but our faith must make vs to grow in feare , & to be more carefull to please , and more grieued to displease God ; wee must desire of God to haue his promises cōfirmed and ratified in vs , because we are in a very slippery estate . For as a man walking on slippery ice , and not heedfull to his steps , nor fearing himselfe , is most readie to fall ; so we in this world , vnlesse we looke very circumspectly to our selues , are in great danger of sliding down . So fickle and fraile is the world , that in euery place we may take a fall : and as they which are on an high hill and steepe , are in perill of falling down ; so in the world , which hath such a downefall , vnlesse wee be very wary , and stay our selues on Gods word , we are most ready to slippe . We may see in former times , how the deare Saints of God haue fallen through securitie , and for want of this feare of themselues . Noah though a man preserued from the corruptions of the olde world , was beguiled of Sathan for presuming in his own strength . Lot also through his corruptiō and Sathans policy , was deceiued , not suspecting himselfe . Whē Dauid had not this feare , but hoped that he was sure as he thought , Psal. 30. he should neuer be remooued , hee fell fouly , and yet so deceitfull , that hee could not see his fall in the space of an whole yeere . Wee see then how hard a thing it is to keepe on our course in this world , and that it is the mightie power of God , as witnesseth Peter in his former Epistle , that wee are kept in the faith . Wee are not our owne guardians , we are not able to take the gouernment of our selues ; nay , our Sauiour Christ saide , that if it were possible , the very elect should bee deceiued ; so great is the power of the world , the subtiltie of the flesh , and guilesulnesse of the diuell . But , because they be humble , they feare themselues , they seeke the Lord by prayer , and are desirous to be established in the promises of God , they are as strong as Mount Sion , which cannot be remoued , but remaineth for euer , Psalme 125.1 . Though then we be weake , yet our Christ is strong , though we haue many enemies , yet the Lord hath promised to be our staie against them all . Let vs knowe that perseuerance is as well the gift of God , as to come at first to God. We know what a free gift of God it was , that we came to him . Hee sought vs , when we desired him not ; he found vs , when we sought him not . We see how before our calling , we closed our eyes , and would not see him , we stopt our eares , and would not heare him , we drew backe , and refused to goe to him , and the Lord was faine to draw vs out ; so that our beginning came of God , who reformed our iudgements , and renewed our affections : now to be established in seeing , hearing , and willingly drawing neere vnto God , is his onely gift also . Well , we must be afraide of our selues , and suspect our selues . For why doe we slip often into such grosse sinnes ? why are we carried away with our owne affections ? why doe so many good motions die and perish in vs , but only because of our securitie , we are not careful to please God , we are not afraide to offend God ? Well , if we see that securitie hath bene the cause of our woe , let vs labour to be carefull , which is the cause of our good : if securitie hath bene the cause we feared not , let vs now be carefull , that we may be afraide of our frailtie , and trust in Gods word . Otherwise if we be quiet with our selues , and yeeld to presumption , God will suffer vs to fall . This is the cause , why our sinnes breake out often to Gods dishonour , and to the griefe of our owne consciences , because we doe not more carefully to looke our thoughts , and watch ouer our words . It is added in this verse , that I may liue . So he saith , Portion 10.4 . Let thy tender mercies come vnto me , that I may liue . We see heere , that the children of God thinke they haue no life , if they liue not in Gods life . For , if we thinke we are aliue , because we see , so doe the bruit beasts ; if we thinke we are aliue , because we heare , so do the cattell ; if we thinke we are aliue , because we eate and drinke , or sleepe , so do beasts ; if we thinke we liue , because we doe reason and conferre , so doe the Heathen . The life of Gods children , is the death of sinne ; for where sinne is aliue , there that part is dead vnto God. Art thou then giuen to malice , to swearing , to cursing , to breaking of the Sabbath , to adultery , to filthines , to stealing , or slandring ? surely then art thou dead , and if God should take away thy life from thee whilest thou art in this estate , thy soule should goe sooner to hell , than thy bodie to the graue . We now see , that Gods children , finding themselues dull and slowe to good things , when they cannot either reioyce in the promises of God , or finde their inward man delighted with the law of God , thinke themselues to be dead . The Prophets meaning is this : I am euen as a lumpe of flesh , I am like an image , or like an idoll of Gods childe , I beare the face of his childe , but I am as dead , and as a blocke , or a stocke , or an idoll . For as an idoll hath eyes and seeth not ; eares , and heareth not ; mouth and speaketh not ; feete and goeth not : euen so haue I eyes , but I see not the glorie of my God ; I haue eares , but I heare not the word of God ; I haue a mouth , but I shewe not forth the iudgements of God ; I haue feete , but I walke not in the law of my God. The iust shall liue by faith , Hab. 2. Rom. 1. Now I liue no more , but Christ liueth in me , saith the Apostle . Oh that men would consider this , that they are dead otherwise than their life is hidden in the promise , and they haue no life but in Christ , and from his spirit . If the Prophet sayd this of himselfe , where is the faith of our protestants , where is the life of the godly , where is their hope of a better life , where is their practise of repentance , where is the peace of conscience , that passeth all vnderstanding , where is the ioy of Christiās , where is the care of mortification , where is the quicknesse of sanctification ; where are all these become ? They are sewe and dead to good workes , they liue in sinne , they be but Christians in name , they are very idols : There is no life but in the word , which we must finde by experience in our selues . When Gods children finde this life of God in them , then are they merrie and glad ; but when they feele , that God withdraweth his spirit from them , then they see how they are dead , dull , and carelesse , as they were wont to be before they were regenerate . Shall not this make vs more carefull and zealous of good workes , and to be more iealous of our selues ? Let vs consider this , that it is a ioy to haue a life : and that euen the life of God , the life of Angels , the life of Christ , when we contemne this life : when wee are zealous of good workes , when we feele spirituall ioyes , when wee looke for a crowne of glorie , when we labour to be renewed to the image of Christ. This is an heauenly life , and though we will sweate , and eate , and drinke , this is common with the beasts of the field , and hauing no experience of faith in vs , wee are either dangerously sicke , or altogether dead . If wee thinke it an hard matter , to restore nature in a consumption , how hard a thing is it to restore grace and saluation in a consumption of the soule ? If wee are without hope , when a man is in a languishing disease , when he hath no delight to eate , when hee cannot brooke his meate , and his sleepe is gone from him , hee cannot labour , and Physitians dare not meddle with him : what hope is there when we are in such a consumption , that the wo●d which we heare doth vs no good , the Sacraments which wee receiue doe vs no comfort , prayer doth vs no good , and when we cannot abide to labour in good workes ? surely it is a token we are almost languished to death , if wee be not already dead wee are in extreame danger . The Lord indeede is gracious and would not our death , but if wee bee consuming and see it not , if Gods life be going from vs , and Sathans life is comming to vs , if Gods graces be languishing in vs , surely we are as dead . Let vs then search our owne corruptione , that we may see how neare we are to life , or how neare wee are to death , whether wee growe or consume , whether for the one wee are to feare and pray to God , or for the other to reioyce and praise God. Thus we haue heard , that the faith of Gods children are not so sirme , as that it is neuer shaken , they are not alwaies in the tenour , and as the Lord giueth them of his grace in measure , so hee giueth them at sometimes more , at sometimes lesse : he often humbleth them with incredulitie , to exercise them in prayer , and to confirme them the more by his Spirit , whereof they haue had a pledge in his word . Wee haue learned , that the Prophet thought himselfe to haue no life , but as he had the feeling of the life of the Sonne of God , to be conueyed to him by the spirit of God , through the working of the word of God : and that as we breathe , eate , playe , and labour , wee haue nothing differing from bruite beasts ; as we haue fiue wits to discourse of things , we haue nothing more than the heathen , than the Turkes , than the vngodly infidels . The Scriptures shew that all that liue in ignorance and sinne are dead : for they that liue in ignorance , sit in darkenes , and in the shadow of death , as it is in the song of Zacharie : and if we liue in sinne , the Apostle witnesseth , we are but dead , Ephes : 2.1 . The death of sinne , is the life of a man : and the life of sinne , is the death of a man ; sinne then I meane to liue in vs , when wee giue ouer our selues to sin with pleasure , and lye in our sinne with delight . And yet here is a further thing , for the man of God speaketh of the experience of Gods children , who when they feele delight in prayer , and their inward man delighted with the word of God , they thinke they are aliue , and that so long they walke in the land of the liuing ; but when they fal into some sinne , and become vnthankfull or pensiue , there comes a dulnes and deadnes of heart , they are not able to see any difference betweene themselues and the reprobates , and finding in themselues such an heape of ill inclinations , they think themselues to be dead . It followeth in the verse : And disappoint me not of mine hope . As if he should say : O Lord , euen as I trust in thy word , so my hope is that thy word shall be accomplished . As faith is the mother of hope , so hope is the daughter and nurse of faith : for faith breedeth hope , and hope nourisheth faith : faith assureth vs of the trueth of Gods word , hope waiteth for the accomplishment of it . His meaning then is : Lord as I trust in thy word , so strengthen my faith and disappoint mee not of my hope , for howsoeuer the wicked continue for a while , I beleeue that I shall haue a glorious end , I beleeue it is not lost labour to serue the Lord , O Lord I hope to see them troden downe , that breake thy statutes . Thus we see how Gods children feare their vnbeliefe , and nourish their faith with prayer : so the true Minister of God cannot but be zealous to stirre vp his people to feruent and frequent prayer . We see the one halfe of this Psalme to bee prayer ; and that in euery portion , two or three or foure verses be prayers . And the man of God , being willing to bring his knowledge to feeling , hath still this prayer , Stay m●e in thy word : teach mee thy statutes : disappoint me not of my hope : establish thy promises to thy seruant . For as reading , hearing , and conferring , doe more increase knowledge than feeling ; so meditating , praying , and singing doe more nourish feeling than knowledge . Had he that had such a faith in Gods word , such ioy , such delight , such life in the spirit , neede so often and feruently to pray ? then I beseech you let vs pray , pray , pray . Vers. 117. Stay thou me , and I shall be safe , and I will delight continually in thy statutes . THis agreeth with that in the verse going before , stablish mee according to thy promise . Hadst thou need Dauid to be staied ? didst thou wauer ? oh how need we to be stayed , and to pray against our wauering ? he meaneth here thus much : although I am well minded , and delight in thy law , yet I am so brittle and so slipperie , that if thou stay mee not , I shall sall , I am gone . Oh man of God , feeling his owne wants and infirmities ! I shall be safe , that is , If I be not stayed by thine hand I shall be at the last cast . Psal. 30. 6 he said , hee should neuer be remoued : here is another spirit , where he saith , he should be safe . But here wofull experience taught him , that he durst not be stayed on himselfe : whereby he declareth , that as without Gods word , he could not be safe : so come what come would , befall what danger could befall , in the Lords word he was staied sufficiently . Then we are to learne , that the promises of God must engender in vs a care and feare of our selues ; for if we begin once to be quiet with our selues , when wee begin to be secure and presumptuous , let vs assure our selues , that we are not farre from sinne . But if we feare that wee are staggering and reeling persons , and that we are very slipperie , is there not cause of humbling , that this humblenes should breed carefulnesse ; carefulnesse should cause watchfulnesse ; watchfulnesse should vse the meanes ; and the meanes should be sanctified by prayer ? Then come hell , come the diuell , come the world , come the flesh , if the Lord stay vs , we shall liue and not die , we shall surely not miscarie . And I will delight continually in thy statutes . Wee see here that there is no free will , for he prayeth likewise Port. 5. 1. Teach me , O Lord , the way of thy statutes . Neither did he promise of himselfe before , but did hope in the Lord. Such brittlenes is in the world , such sleights in the flesh , such slinesse in Sathā , such corrupt examples in the world , that vnlesse the Lord stay vs , we are so farre off from delight in good , that we are ready to fall into great sinnes . Euery man therefore is to search his owne heart , and by the cause we may come to the effects , and by the tree may coniecture of the fruite : so by the effects we may iudge of the cause , and by the fruite we may iudge of the tree . Where is now this delight , when we heare the word , we heare it with such coldnesse ? therefore it is a manifest proofe we are not sta●ed in the Lord. For whosoeuer doth not delight in the word , he may deceiue his owne soule : but surely as yet he is not staied on God. If we are not delighted , then are we st●ied on our own selues , but if the Lord work in vs , then shal we feele delight . This is a griefe of my soule , that I see no delight in the Lords day , all things are done for fashion , but the power of godlinesse is not among vs. The cause is the want of priuate exercises ; the want of priuate reading , and praying , and this bringeth a secret curse of publike exercises , and therefore I cannot but so often v●ge priuate prayer , and meditation . Vers. 118. Thou hast troden downe all them , that depart from thy statutes , for their deceit is vaine . AMong all things to be spoken of , I thinke nothing more necessarie thā this , that God will one day come a righteous iudge to men , that are so slow to keepe a good conscience . All men are at quiet with themselues , and crie peace , peace , our long enioying of the Gospell , our tranquilitie and peace , our abundance of the things of the earth , make vs drunken with the loue of this life , and cause euery man to thinke thus with himselfe : I am none of the worst , when troubles arise , I hope to shift for one : but in whom ( I pray you ) is the Lord delighted ? euen in him that hath a contrite heart , Esay 66. and in such as tremble at his word . The Prophet saith in the verse following a little after , that he trēbled for feare of Gods iudgements , what had he a more tormented conscience than others ▪ no , hee had such a cōtinuall feeling of his own corruptiōs , that it made him afraid For as the best flesh is most tender , & where it is most corrupt , there it is most hard ; and where the flesh is neerest to healing , there it will more speedily , and more freshly bleede : so the neerer wee are to God , the more fearefull we are ; the more pretious our consciences be , the more tender they are ; and those things which being vsed in greater measure , will nothing fray a wicked man being vrged , but a little will dismay the conscience of the godly . The minde of the prophet is this , thou hast done away the wicked , thou hast troden them downe , and swept them away , I am as brit●le as they , and as ready to fall vnlesse thou vphold me Portion 16. 6. hee saith , It is time for thee Lord to worke , for they haue destroyed thy law : where he complaineth as it were , that the Lord deferreth his iudgements , because the wicked had brought all things to such a confusion . And in the 7 ▪ portion 4. verse he saith : I remembred thy iudgements of old O Lord , and haue beene comforted , as if be should say , though thy children be had in contempt , though thy Church bee kept vnder , and the wicked are set aloft ; yet I remember how in old time thou hast beene a iust iudge , & hast punished sinne . This comforteth me , both because of thy mercy , which thou wilt shew to me , and because of thy iustice whereby thou welt confound the wicked , and also makest me to feare my selfe : for both thou canst doe as thou hast done , and thou wilt doe as thou canst doe . Wee must learne then in these two verses , thus much . That what iudgement soeuer the Lord hath written downe in hi● word , and wee haue either credibly heard reported the like with our eares , or seene them with our eyes , they ought to be vnto vs examples , and ratifie to vs the truth of Gods iudgements , that as he hath promised to punish , and indeed hath punished such and such sinnes ; so hee would doe it in vs for the like , and as sometime he hath euen enwrapped his children in the like iudgements , though not to that end , for which hee punished the wicked ; but as they haue beene partakers of the sinne in part , so they haue sustained the punishment in part : so we must know that he will punish the same sinnes , euen in vs , or spare vs , if wee be without them . Howbeit , the godly shall not haue the like iudgement with the vngodly . Hee will not consume vs as drosse , but will trie vs as siluer , he will not trample vs vnder his feete , bu● humble vs vnder his hand . Wherefore as in the sweete promises of God , there is a reuerent feare : so in our infirmities , wee must learne with Dauid to feare much more . Genes . 10. We reade , how God trode downe the pride of them , that built the tower of Babel . When Pharaoh was aduancing himselfe ouer the people of God , the Lord tr●mpled him down with tenne plagues , and trode him vnder foote in the red Sea. Exod 14 when Chorah , Dathan , and Abiram rebelled against God , and rose so insolently against Mo●ses and A●ron his ministers ; the Lord trode them downe , euen into the earth , which opened her mouth and swallowed them vp quicke . The whole world for their ripenes of sin , did he destroy from the face of the earth , and scoured it with a purging water . The Lord pursued the land of the Sodomites , vntill it lay at his foote , which before was as a Paradise ▪ The Lord swept away the Israelites , that they could not come to that plentifull and promised land . How often doe the histories record , how God trode downe many with warres , and swept away others with plagues ? For as the Goldsmith purgeth the drosse from the gold , and the potter treadeth the vnprofitable clay to mi●e ; euen so the Lord purgeth & treadeth down his enemies . This must make vs to feare , for many men dangerously peruert their soules , and Sathan beguileth them with many shifts . But heretikes and prophane men say , The iudgements of God indeed in times past haue been great , but what is that to vs ? we confesse they were wonderfull in the time of the Law ; but we heare not of them in the new Testament , what appertaine they then vnto vs ? But Christ hath taught vs this generall doctrine , Luk. 13. 1. where certaine men came to our Sauiour Christ , and shewed him of the Galileans , whose blood Pilate had mingled with their owne sacrifices : but Christ answered them on this sort , Suppose ye that these Galileans were greater sinners than the other Galileans , because they haue suffered such things ? I tell you , ●o : but vnlesse ye repent your liues , you shall all likewise perish . Thus he also spake of them , vnto these Iewes , which tooke occasion to condemne those men for their punishments , vpon whom the tower in Siloam fell . Euery man will yeeld to this , that the plagues are great , but no man wil applie them to himselfe . But our Sauiour Christ before teacheth vs , rather to feare and suspect our owne estates , than to condemne others . Indeede all punishment shall not fall vpon one man , nor one punishment shal light vpon all . Though the flood sweepeth them not away , though Serpents deuoure them not , though they be not depriued of the promised land , yet surely the Sonne of God Iesus Christ hath spoken it , and though heauen and earth passe , yet one ●ote of his word shall not passe , that vnlesse we repent , we shall all perish : if not in these , yet in some of these ; if not in some of these , yet in some other like to these . For the Lord hath many and diuers iudgements , whereby he would tread downe his enemies . Beside the Apostle saith , Eph. 5. 6. Col. 3. 6. speaking of fornicators , couetous mē , adulterers , idolaters , & wantons ▪ Let no man deceiue you with vaine words : for , for such things commeth the wrath of God vpon the children of disobedience . This is spoken to Gods children , that they should not mocke at the menaces and iudgements of God : for if they will not obey , the iudgements of God vndoubtedly will fall ; but if they will tremble at Gods word , they shal be children of obedience , and not be subiect to this wrath of God. Thus Christ also reasoneth ▪ Matth. 24 ▪ ●7 . Luk. 17. 18. As the dayes of Noah were , so likewise shall the comming of the Sonne of man bee . 38. For as in the dayes before the flood , they did eate and drinke , marrie and gaue in mariage , vntill the day that Noah entred into the Arke . 39. And knewe nothing till the flood came , and tooke all away : so shall the comming of the Sonne of man bee . Luke 17. 28. Likewise also it was in the dayes of Lot , when in Sodome the Sunne shined in the morning , and all was well , euen then came the wrath of God from heauen . When the old world was making mirth , and thought of nothing lesse than of drowning , vntill Noah went into the Arke , suddenly the waters came vpon them . Likewise is our estate , we know nothing now , we see the world is as it was , we prouide for our posteritie . Thus wee see our Sauiour Christ reasoned much like to Dauid . In the peculiar iudgement , it shal be like with vs as with Sodome , that Citie was destroyed suddenly , and so shall we be . In the generall Iudgement , it shall bee as in the dayes of Noe , the water swept them away at vnawares ; so the fire shall purge vs when we thinke not of it . Thou hast ( saith Dauid ) troden downe in times past , thou wilt tread downe againe . 2. Pet. 2. 4. If God spared not his Angels that had sinned , but cast them downe into hell , nor the olde world , nor Sodome . &c. Thus our Sauiour Christ , and with him his Apostles , teach by precepts and confirme by examples , and so must all the godly Ministers approue and teach this doctrine , that the godly may haue their faith established in Gods promises , and to leaue the wicked excuse lesse against the day of iudgement . They haue left vs a president to follow , whereby we must be awaked from slum bring , that Gods children may stoope , and the rest be committed to the righteous iudgement of God. We see how we may profit by examining seuerall iudgements for seuerall sinnes , hath not God appointed in his word , and executed from heauen a seuerall punishment for seuerall sinnes ? Doth God say that Idolaters , Heretikes , and prophane professors should bee swept away with plagues and warres , and hath he not swept away the Egyptians in the red sea , Exod. 14 ? Did the Lord threaten the breach of the Sabbath with death ? And did he not strike the man , that did but in that day gather stickes , Numb . 15 ? Whose sinne though men spared on earth , yet the Lord punished it from heauen . Nehemiah taught his people this doctrine , saying , Did not the wrath of God fall on our fathers for our example ? Yet there is to be noted , that euermore the Lord hath done , and doth fatherly correct and admonish , before hee vtterly sweepeth away . Shall we thinke that the Lord is altred ? His long suffering did not presently punish , neither after hee had threatned , but hee gaue terme to repent : hee hath dealt so gratiously with countries , nations , and people , that hee hath not so troden them downe , as they haue troden down his glorie , but by benefits hath allured them , by chastisements driuen them , and by examples perswaded them to repent before his plague came . The Lord hath appointed for disobedient children death , Deut. 21. 18. If any man hath a sonne stubborne and disobedient , which will not hearken vnto the voyce of his Father , nor the voyce of his Mother , and they haue chastened him , and he would not obey them , and after complaint made to the Elders of the Citie , all the men of the Citie shall stone him with stones vnto death . And Prou. 20. 20. He that curseth his father or his mother , his light shall be put out in obscure darkenes . There is among other , one wicked generation , euen a generation that curseth his father , and blesseth not his mother ; but of such a one , let the Eagle put out his eyes . Hath God so threatned , and will he not punish ? 2. King. 2. Little children , who for their age , we would thinke to be spared , for mocking the Prophet of God Elisha , who cried for vengeance by the secret motion of Gods spirit , were by two Beares deuoured . Did the Lord punish scorners then , and will he spare them now ? For fornication we know twentie foure thousand fell on one day , & were swept away with the plague , and shall fornication now be vnpunished ? We stand but by grace , we are but petitioners , we must feare least liuing in these and such like sinnes , we be swept away with these and such like iudgements . This must make vs to feare our selues , to loue and beleeue the word , to grow in repentance , and make our schooling in the iudgements of God , some in one , and some in another . We haue heard now , how the cause of the Prophets prayer , was the sight of his infirmities : this must stirre vs vp also to priuate prayer . For though we haue receiued neuer so many and excellent graces of God , yet without prayer shall we not be able to stirre vp our selues by them . We must see how the man of God , seeing the seuere iudgements of God , was moued to prayer , that he should not be troden downe and swept away with the wicked . We are likewise to sweare to this practise , both to make vs cleaue faster to the word , & also to make vs the more to feare our selues . For it is a visible iudgement of God , when we see the iudgements of God , and are not staied in fixed faith in the Lord , and a reuerent feare of our selues . We haue bin taught , because we are giuen to thinke that the iudgements of God appertaine not to vs , that the long suffering of the Lord , is to leaue the wicked vnexcusable , and not to haue one of his vnsaued , and still calleth some , and doth not execute his iudgements , vntill the measure of sin be fulfilled to the brimme , Genet ▪ 6. So that he spareth to call his to repentance , to leaue the wicked without excuse , who would neither be moued with his promises , nor feared with his iudgements . And although it seeme an easie doctrine , that God will by one way or other punish sinne , and thinke that we haue learned this before it be taught : yet we shall finde our selues ignorant of the practise of it , which if we knew , it would be a key of the whole Scriptures vnto vs. And thus much of the generall doctrine , now of the particular ; For their deceit is vaine . As if the Prophet should say , notwithstanding all their high imaginations thou hast destroyed them , for they haue but deceiued themselues in false religion and vanitie of life . Thus then let vs consider of it , that whether our vanitie be in religion or life , it is but deceit . Heresie and Idolatrie carrie a great sway , vnder a colour of godly life : but when Gods iudgements sweepe them away , they seeme vaine , that neither their Idols can helpe them , nor their opinions comfort them . This then may commend vnto vs the word of God , that it onely maketh vs safe , and staieth vs in all troubles , wherefore it is said , port . 12. 4. Except thy law had beene my delight , I should haue perished in mine affliction . So the Prophet Ionah hath a notable sentence worthie to be written in letters of gold , and of all men to be remembred , Ionah . 2. 18. They that waite vpon lying vanities , forsake their owne mercie . Whereby he sheweth that they which depend on any thing , saue on God alone , refuse their owne felicitie , and that goodnesse , which otherwise they should receiue of God. So that the Prophet himselfe in not going to Niniuie waited on vanitie , and could finde no comfort in himselfe . We may for a time trust to Idolatrie or vngodlinesse , but when the touch-stone and triall of Gods law comes , they cannot stay vs , nor saue vs , for they will deceiue all vsers of them , as false and vaine ▪ 1. Sam. 12. 21. Samuel exhorting the people to repētance willeth them to follow the Lord , and not to turne backe , saying also , If ye turne backe , that should be after vaine things , which cannot profit you , nor deliuer you , for they are but vanitie . Where he teacheth vs , that when miseries come , our delights are but vaine , and therefore cannot helpe vs. The Scriptures also applie this to ill manners , as Ephes. 5. the Apostle setting downe a bedrow of many sinnes addeth this , Let no man deceiue you , &c. where because some thinke , that for such sinnes God would be entreated , he saith , nay not so , be not deceiued , vnlesse ye repent , God will not be entreated . Likewise Gal. 5. the Apostle hauing taught them to prouide temporall things for them , that minister spirituall , saith , be not deceiued , where he hath this sense : ye may haue many reasons with your selues , against this doctrine , but when God commeth to tread downe the wicked ; then your reasons will not stand before his maiestie , for the truth onely there preuaileth ; doe not deceiue your selues , your hope will abuse you . And here all flattering of our selues in sinne will prooue deceiueable , wee walke in a nette , and deceiue our owne consciences , but this must make vs feare , we must not reckon without our hoast , nor make our account without our auditour : for if we doe , we will beguile our selues , or flatter our selues . Let euery man therefore looke to the fleights of sinne in himselfe , and to the deceit of his owne conscience , and he shall see that all the wayes of man are euill , but the Lord is for euer true . Wee must thus examine our selues : Good Lord , will this thing stay mee in the day of trouble , will this thing comfort mee in the houre of death ? then it is a sure thing , then it is comfortable , otherwise it is vaine and cannot stay me , it is deceitfull , and will not comfort me . Now if we trust in the word , wee shall in death knowe that it is no imagination , howsoeuer the world would now perswade vs that we liue too precisely , and Sathan lyeth to get vs at a bay , we shall then know our labour was not lost , and when the Lord commeth to iudgement , if we haue laide a good foundation , when the tempests arise , the windes arise , and the raine fall , we shall be sure , and not beguile our selues , that we shall be on the rocke of Gods word , and built in faith , wee shall bee sure as mount Sion , and safe as Ierusalem , when the floods of vengeance come . Vers. 119 Thou hast taken away all the wicked of the earth like drosse : therefore I loue thy testimonies . MArke the proprietie of the word , he saith not thy statutes doe I loue , but thy testimonies , he saith here thus much : seeing O God , thou hast summoned the wicked , I will embrace more ioyfully the record and couenant of my saluation , made vnto mee in thy word . For when we see Gods iudgements on the vngodly , this ought wonderfully to commend Gods mercie in free sauing vs from the like , that whereas wee were in the like condition of sinne , he might haue measured the like to vs , and yet vouchsafed to make his couenant in force vnto vs. Was it not a great mercie to saue Noah and his , when all the world besides was washed away with water ? Did it not wonderfully commend the goodnesse of God , that in the great destruction of Sodome he should deliuer Lot ? What a thing is this , that the Lord will make a couenant with vs as with Noah , that if wee shall trust in Christ , we shall neuer be confounded ? Againe , when the man of God seeth the wicked deceiued , because they trusted not in the word , this maketh him to loue the word , and assureth him , that there is an end of all perfection , but the law of God is exceeding large , that it neuer failes in trouble , nor deceiueth any in death . Wherfore this must make vs to loue it also . And if wee compared this word with other vanities of the world , and felt in it such ioyes , and most specially in death and in troubles , and that when all failes , this doth minister sufficient comfort ; surely the perswasion hereof would mooue vs pathetically to expresse our mindes , and say with the Prophet , Oh how loue I thy lawe it is my meditation continually . Then when our strength shal faile , our breath draw short , our friends depart , our goods , countrie , and life shall forsake vs ; the word will be so sweete , so deare , and so pretious , that when all these are gone , this will yeeld vs great comfort . We haue also learned here a further thing in the minde of the Prophet , who reasoneth thus : Seeing thou hast troden downe the wicked as earth , and scoured them as drosse , therefore will I embrace thy couenants , and records of thy iudgements , therfore the euidence of thy couenant which thou hast made to me , is most holy and pretious . For when the iudgements of God were so seuere against others , was it not the great mercie of God to make a couenant with him ? Was it not a wonderfull grace of God , that being conceiued and borne in sinne like vnto the other , hee should escape Gods iudgement ? Was not it a great mercie , that when all flesh should perish , Noah and his familie should escape ? Was it not the great goodnesse of God , when Sodome was consumed , to saue Lot ? When the Lord had left all to ignorance , was it not his great mercie to preserue Abraham ? When the Lord ouerthrewe the Egyptians , was it not free mercie to saue the Israelites ? Was it not the great grace of God to leade forward Caleb and Iosua into the promised land , when to so many he had denied it ? Our Sauiour Christ gaue thankes to his Father , as for a speciall mercy of God , that he had reuealed those things to babes and little ones , which he had concealed from many mightie of the world . If we consider how many are left in ignorance , giuen ouer to superstition , and remaine vnder the heauie hand of God , what a mercie of God is it to giue vs his truth , to enrich vs with his Gospell , and to blesse vs with such abundance of temporall things ? Oh that this were knowne of vs ! oh that euery man would say : Oh Lord , what am I that thou shouldest shewe mee such mercie ? to giue mee the enioying of thy word and Gospell more than any other , and giuing it to mee , makest me to vnderstand it aboue many : oh what am I that thou shouldest offer to mee this goodnesse ! I was borne and conceaued in sinne , I haue multiplied and enlarged my corruptions both before & since my calling , my vnthankfulnes is great , my vnworthines therefore greater , and yet thou hast not ceased to preferre me in mercies before many . If we consider the fearefull iudgements of God in consuming all hypocrites , who will not say , that many haue beene called , and few chosen ? When we shall see ( I say ) in the day of the Lord , his seuere iudgements to tread downe these hypocrites , and cause them to goe from his presence to hell , oh how wil we esteeme that we are in Christ , and say , Oh how loue I thy law ! For I see thy iudgements are equall , and thou dealest not with me in iustice , but in mercie ; not in anger , but in loue ; not in wrath , but in pittie : therfore they couenant is sweete , because I haue deserued thy iudgements , and thou hast spared me . Vers. 120. My flesh trembleth for feare of thee , and I am afraide of thy iudgements . HEre may seeme at the first to be some contrarietie betweene feare and loue , sith loue causeth not , but casteth out feare . For he had saide in the verse going before , that hee loued the testimonies of the Lord ; and here he saith , that his flesh trembled for feare . Wherefore at the first sight here is some shew of contrariety , but indeed there is none . For he saith , My flesh trembleth , &c. whereby he sheweth , that as he loued the law of God in his inward man , and with his part regenerate : so it is the outward and olde man , and the part vnrenued , which is full of corruption , that did feare . So that as hee had Gods spirit to renue his minde , hee had this witnesse in him , that he did loue the promises of God : but because his flesh rebelleth against the Spirit , and hee found many corruptions of nature remaining in him , and threatning him , that after hee was like to fall againe , if the Lord , yea but a little should leaue him : he saith , I am afraid , least for my vnthankfulnes , and vnworthie refusing of thy mercie , thou shouldest leaue me to my selfe , and so shouldest make a way to thy iudgements . Thus there is an harmonie in the Prophet : for because as the flesh hath a trembling feare , so the spirit reioyceth . Thus , as wee haue often heard , Gods children finde to their comfort in themselues faith in Gods promises , and a delight in his word , & sometime they are grieued for the absence of this sweetnes of faith in the same . For as the presence of Gods spirit bringeth ioy , so the absence thereof feare ; as faith breedeth a loue of Gods promises , so infidelitie maketh vs afraid of his iudgements . Although Noah had great cause to loue the promises of God for his wonderfull deliuerance : so he had great cause to feare himselfe , that he might haue fallen afterward . Lot also hauing good cause to beleeue and embrace the couenant of God for his safegard , had iust occasion also to haue suspected himselfe , that he was subiect to falling . It is said , Prou. 28. 14. Blessed is the man that feareth alwaies : but hee that hardeneth his heart shall fall into euill For where feare is not , there is securitie ; securitie breedeth hardnesse of heart , and hardnes of heart bringeth Gods wrath . Wherfore the Apostle writing to the Philippians , shewing that God worketh in vs both the will and the deede of doing good , least hereby they should draw to themselues security , addeth , that they must fill the course of their saluation , in feare and trembling . For if wee doe only well by Gods grace working in vs , wee are much to feare the absence of it . Wherefore wee see how the man of God did iustly feare his part vnregenerate . This feare of Gods children differeth much from the feare of the wicked : for it bringeth vs to the Lord , and driueth vs not from the Lord ; it helpeth , and hindreth not our prayers ; it hurteth not , but furthereth our duties . For it maketh vs to feare least wee should lose Gods grace , it causeth vs to waite more and more to haue it , and hauing it , moueth vs by prayer to continue it . When Noah had Gods fauour he feared , and being warned of God ( as Heb : 11. 7. ) of the things which were as yet not seene , moued with reuerence prepared the Arke ▪ &c So Habacuk hearing of the iudgement of God , which should fall vpon the faithfull by the Chaldeans , saith , H●b . 3. 16. My bellie trembled , my lips shooke at the voyce : rottennes entred into my bones , and I trembled in my selfe Paul said he preached with feare and trembling ▪ Thus wee see how the good Saints of God did feare , because they knewe , that if the Lord should enter into iudgement with vs , no flesh should be saued , and that there was nothing in them , but of mercie : and therefore they acknowledge their weaknes , vnworthinesse , and wretchednesse . Wee see also that Gods children haue diuers affects , according to their diuers estates , and though sometimes they are quickened through faith , other times they are most ready to sinne , if they doe not sinne . No maruell then though the children of God feare , when they see that God restraineth their will , & the greater their feelings are , yet are they mixed with a reuerent feare of Gods maiestie , and sight of their own corruptiōs , least they should not abide his glorie , and least they should not continue in their good things We see moreouer that this feare humbled Noah ▪ that the Prophets & Apostles spake in feare , which the Lord gaue vnto them , either to prepare them to some grace which they should receiue , or else more zealously to keepe some grace which already they haue receiued . And where it might be obiected , that loue casteth out feare , wee must vnderstand , of that seruile and excessiue feare , which driueth vs away from God. And seeing though wee feele Gods loue by faith , wee will feare , then much more had we neede so to doe , when by infidelitie wee feele not this loue . So wee must haue both feare to prepare vs to grace , and wee must haue loue to continue vs in this grace . And surely onely they , with whom this thing hath been familiar , doe knowe how loue and feare doe dwell together . For as blessed experienc● hath taught some , that by this feare they haue attained to speciall graces , and continued in them by the same : so also by wofull experience some haue found , that for want . ●f this , they either haue not t●sted of the grace of God , or else not continued in the same . PORTION . 15. AYN. Vers. 1●1 . I haue executed iudgement and iustice : leaue me not to mine oppressors . THe Prophet goeth on , praying for the increase and continuance of Gods fauour , vsing two arguments : the first , by shewing his afflictions , which hee suffered : the seconde , by declaring his affection to the word ; whereunto is added a reason drawne from the nature of GOD , that it is his time to helpe in affliction . His generall desire then is , to haue a further loue of Gods word , to this end hee sheweth his miseries and afflictions , and with what affection hee longed for helpe , trusting that God would now come to doe right . His prayer is , that the Lord would not suffer him to bee ouercome with ouer-much afflictions , but that as it is Psal. 125. 3. that the rod of the wicked shall not rest on the lot of the righteous , least the righteous put their hands vnto wickednesse , and that the hands of the oppressors should not preuaile . God then giueth vs this libertie , that wee may pray against our and his enemies , but wee must withall consider these two reasons . I haue executed , As if the Prophet said , Thou hast promised to helpe all them , that hold causes and maintaine them well through thy grace ; I haue vsed a good cause well ; performe therefore , oh Lord , thy promise in me . So the Prophet prayeth , Psal. 41. Heare me when I call , O God of my righteousnesse , &c. where hee sheweth , that as God doth promise to helpe in afflictions , so he requireth of our parts , that wee should suffer as weldoers , and as doing well in a good cause , as if hee had expressed his minde in these words : O God , the cause which I maintaine is iust , and I haue maintained it well , let them fall then that haue an ill cause against me , who hauing so righteous a cause . As we haue to learne , that we shall not be without oppressors , if we doe well : so must we learne how to behaue our selues therein . It seemeth monstrous to some , that we should by weldoing purchase such enemies , as if when ye do well , ye suffer wrong , and take it patiently ▪ this is acceptable to God : 1. Pet. 3. 13. Who is it that will harme you , if you follow that which is good ? Yet it is a thing in the secret iudgement of God , either to the triall of the faith of his children , or the fulfilling of the sins of the wicked . Who would thinke a man should haue enemies , but by desert . True it is , if the world were aright : but because wee liue in such a world , wherein Christ himselfe executing iudgemēt and righteousnes did suffer , because it hated him , much more must we looke for it , as Christ himselfe hath also fore warned , because the seruant must not be aboue his maister ; and because we labour and cease not to hinder the kingdome of Sathan , hee enarmeth the world with hatred against vs also . We must not think that we can be here quiet . For although we be sometimes troubled because we haue not done somewhat , which we ought : yet often we must be oppressed as righteous doers , although not so , as our enemies finally shall preuaile against vs. We see the Prophet desireth God to be the patrone of a righteous cause , and of a righteous cause rightly handled ; we must then , if we will assure our selues of Gods protection , first consider if our cause be iust , and hauing such a cause , whether we haue rightly dealt in it . Let vs therefore when we are oppressed , search our cause ; if we feele that our conscience be guiltie , then no maruell though wee suffer , because the Lord correcteth either our euill cause , or our ill handling of a good cause . Wee must see that in the equitie of our request , our cause be iust and true , and being good , that our dealing therein bee also iust and right . Let vs see this now in particulars . Our Sauiour Christ saith , he came to put dissension betweene the father and the sonne , the mother and the daughter , and that the father in law should bee against his son in law , and the sonne in law against his father in law . True it is , if it be for the Gospels sake , and we withall haue done our duties and obedience , which nature & our callings require , that we be hated ; yet must we not be dismaied , although we haue the enemies of our own familie , of them which by nature are ioyned to vs , we are not to be discouraged , if it be righteousnes , which we must maintaine , and vnrighteousnes which they maintaine : if thē our cause being good : we vse all obedience , loue , and dutie , and yet be grieued , we must recouer our selues with that which Christ hath said : but if our cause bee ill , or being right , wee shewed not our selues humble and dutifull in the defence of it ; then we haue deserued iustly to be euill entreated of them . If wee shall obserue this to happen either among Magistrates to their subiects , or Landlords to their tenants , or any other gouernours to their inferiours , when they shall deale ill with vs in debts , fines , and exactions , we must consider , that if we haue done righteously , we haue the libertie to comfort our soules in prayer : Lord , I haue done the part of a faithfull subiect , or the dutie of a good tenant ; Lord , helpe me against this man , which oppresseth me wrongfully . But if we haue discouraged their hearts either simply by ill doing ▪ or in a good thing by ill dealing , we must know , that the Lord by them doth take some good thing from vs , who from them did take some good duties . We must see then whether we haue done our duties in loue or not , this will keepe vs from fuming , and will make vs rest in prayer . The ignorance of this doctrine maketh vs fret and fume , who neuer consider whether our cause be good , or whether in a good cause wee haue vsed good dealing or no. If Gods children looke thus into their consciences , it will humble them : as surely I did not well to him , God suffereth him to doe the like to me againe , and meateth out vnto mee the like measure with mine owne meat-yeard . Where wee must learne that Gods children neuer deale so earnestly with their enemies , as with their God. And as this holdeth in superiours so must wee marke this doctrine in all troubles with our inferiours or equals . Now if our seruants or our children doe not deale dutifully with vs , we must enter into our selues on this sort : Lord , I haue brought vp these sonnes or seruants in thy nurture and feare , I haue instructed them , and prayed for them , I haue vsed all meanes wherby I might bring them to good : yet for all this , they deale ill with me , and in this case wee must knowe that God wil heare our prayers . But if we haue not done our parts in cloathing , feeding , or teaching them , or in praying for them , it is the iudgement of God , in that we haue not done the dutie of godly parents , & Christian householders in making them the children of God , and seruants of the Lord : neither can we say , Lord release me in this case . Wherefore Iob said , chap. 31. 13. that if hee did contemne the iudgement of his seruant , or of his maide , when they did thinke them selues euill entreated by him , What shall I doe when God standeth vp ? and when he shall visite me , what shall I answere ? He that made me in the wombe , hath he not made him , hath he not alone fashioned vs in the wombe ? Vers. 122. Answere for thy seruant in that which is good , and let not the proude oppresse mee . ANswere : that is , be suretie for me . So , though his cause was good , yet he thought himselfe not so wise as to answere his enemies , nor so strong as to preuaile against them in that which is good : hee knewe that God would not take his part in any euill cause , which must make vs , if wee looke for God to be our helpe , to prouide that our cause bee good . His minde then is : if my cause Lord were euill , I durst not craue thy helpe , but it is good : therefore speake for me . We therefore , if our cause be ill , are rather to craue of God , to haue our sinne pardoned , because the righteous God is not a defender of an vnrighteous cause . Againe , though our cause be good , wee must not therefore thinke that wee our selues can answere it , because the man of God saith , portion 20. 2. Pleade my cause and deliuer me : that is , Lord put an answere into my mouth , take my cause into thine owne hand , mine enemies are too wise and strong for me . Thus the Saints of God hauing good causes , would not trust in them . What is then the cause why oftentimes in good causes wee preuaile no more ? euen because wee would shoulder them out with our own strength , & say not , Lord put wisedome into my mouth , Lord put a weapon into my hand . Then our good causes must neuer be seuered from our God , for otherwise wee shall neuer haue good issue of them . So we must beware , that wee make not God a reuenger of our affections , but pray that wee may bee harnessed with a righteous cause , and with a right handling of it from God. True it is then , that in trouble we may pray not to be ouercome , yet wee see the man of God confessed , how hee behaued himselfe well in affliction , and as by the fire the gold is both tried good , and purged from the drosse ; so the Lord prooued in him the gold of his graces , and scoured him from corrupt affections ; he scoured him from the loue of this world , to stirre vp in him the loue of the world to come ; he scoured him from the workes of the flesh , and quickened in him the workes of the Spirit ; he stirred vp his gifts to serue Gods glorie , and scoured him from the loue of himselfe . So by his fatherly chastisements , the Lord quickeneth vs in good things , and deliuereth vs from euil . So we haue heard also how in our defence we must pray for Gods graces , because for want of wisedome and patience we cannot answere our owne cause . For as in our suites at law , we get pleaders and Proctors to speake for vs ; so we must know that in the court of heauen , we cannot pleade for our selues , but must open our suites to Christ , which must pleade it for vs. Now in that he saith , Let not the proud oppresse me : he noteth that they were such as did flatter themselues for graces receiued , as though they should bee controllers vnto him . No maruell then , though we reproch men , when we reproch Gods mercie & maiestie . We may learne here , that wee can neuer deale mercifully with men , which will not deale mercifully with our selues . For our sinnes must humble vs before God , before wee will be humbled with man , otherwise we shall grow so proude , that we shall not be farre from oppression . Vers. 123. Mine eyes haue failed in waiting for thy saluation , and for thy iust promise . HEre is a further thing that the man of God requireth , not looking to be helped at the first brunt , but neuer to leaue off his suite vnto the very failing of his eyes , according to that of the Apostle , 1. Pet. 3. 10. If any man long after life , &c. 11. Let him eschew euill and do good , let him seeke peace , and follow after it . So this man of God had long endured trouble , which many will be content happilie to sustaine for a while : but if it be any thing long , they fall from iudgement and iustice . Wee must not thinke then to deale ill with them , that deale ill with vs : neither must we deale well but for a time , because wee must perseuere . For when we slip too much , we neuer shewe , that we did truly execute iudgement and iustice . If the man of God here so resisted the diuell and wicked men , which are as the instruments of Sathan , breathing for our destruction ; we must also fight against them after his example , although his soule fainted , his eyes failed , his flesh parched , his naturall powers melted . This we may also see , how the Saints of God mourned in their prayer . Away then with this common saying , which proceedes from inconstancie : I haue borne iniuries long , I haue taken much at his hand , and put vp many wrongs , should I suffer him still to abuse mee , and let my selfe be vndone ? Surely euen to the failing of our eyes the Prophet sheweth vs , wee must maintaine a good cause , and seeing the Lord hath the issues of all things in his hand , and helpeth desperate cases , he will vndoubtedly helpe vs , if we leaue not our case . Then we see , though he had deuoured many euils , yet he executed iudgement and iustice : so we must swallow vp many iniuries , and yet neither depart from the Lord , nor cease from our cause . And though we would crie in our prayers , to be heard to the clowdes , and send foorth lowde shrikes , though wee would roare as a cannon gunne , yet what is it that seasoneth our prayers ; euen the mourning of our hearts , the failing of our eyes , and when we pray with vnspeakeable sighes , which cannot be expressed . For they be not lowde , eloquent , and well set prayers , which are acceptable to the Lord , but our staying our selues on the Lord , and our continuing in well doing , and our maintaining of a good cause to the vtmost ; so that a man might sooner pull the eyes out of our heads , and the heart out of our bodies , and bereaue vs of our liues , than make vs leaue righteousnes ; and though troubles shall come , we will still follow our cause to the failing of our eyes , fainting of our hearts , and melting of our powers . Herein then appeared the true vertue of the faith of this man of God ; because , whilest no wickednesse is offered , many will doe well ; but after often triall with iniuries , they execute neither iudgement nor iustice ; so that where this faith wanteth , there is no true loue of iudgement and iustice : besides heere we are to marke , that that is a true prayer , which commeth from the true feeling , and deepe sense of his heart ; and without this , well set , long , and lowd prayers preuaile not . For such prayers crie lowd in the Lords eares , which make a noise with the feeling of our wants , and when , though they continue to the failing of our eyes , yet we mistrust not God. For many either pray coldly , or praying zealously , they become so dull , that they cease to put their trust in the Lord. So that the corruption of our nature , is either not to feele our wants , or if we feele them , to dispaire . For thy iust promise : Heere we see how the Prophet prayeth , not according to his owne fantasie , but according to the will of God reuealed in his word . When we desire any thing of God , we must doe it according to his promise . For when we pray not according to the promise of the Lord , we waite vpon our owne fantasies , and seeke after our owne imaginations . Many breake in their prayers into headie and rash conceits , who haue not in the meane time the word in their hearts ; but they obtaine nothing : neither shall we obtaine , if we be like affected vnto them . Ye know , saith S. Iohn , ye shall obtaine , if ye aske according to the will of God. And whereas he saith , I waited for thy iust promise , he sheweth that the Lord is no more liberall in promising , than faithful in performing : for if we waite for his promise , surely he will performe it . Euery man will peraduenture confesse this to be a truth at the first , but the selfe same thing being in this Psalme so often repeated , bewrateth our incredulitie and hardnesse of beleefe of it . We can alledge indeed generally , that Gods promises be true , but we will falle in the particular applying of them to our selues , in saying , They are true vnto me , I haue felt the truth of them by experience in my selfe . The Prophet vseth oft to giue this Epithite to Gods word , as vers . 106. I will keepe thy righteous iudgements . 137. Righteous art thou ô Lord , and iust are thy iudgements . 144. The righteousnes of thy testimonies is euerlasting . Why would the spirit of God repeate this one word so often , but because it is a singular worke of faith to beleeue the word , and a thing much incident to our nature , not to beleeue . Wherefore Paul vseth often this Preface as a prerogatiue : This is a true saying , and of all men worthie to be receiued , or this is a faithfull saying . So that the holie Ghost prepareth such words to purchase credit to the word of God , because flesh and blood is so readie to mistrust , and Sathan so subtil to discredit the truth . This may happily soone seeme true : but put case a man being troubled had prayed , til his eyes failed , his heart fainted , and his flesh were parched , and still trusteth to Gods promises ; this man indeed hath a true faith . This then commendeth the Prophet , that when he was at the last cast , he continued in his strength . His sense and meaning is this , although I be not as yet helped , yet I shall be in Gods good time ; which thing if we also could truly say , we should neuer be ouercome of temptation . Vers. 124. Deale with thy seruant according to thy mercie , and teach me thy statutes . HEre the Prophet is desirous to be further taught in the word . Here we see the man of God complaineth not of the word , though as yet the promise was not performed , but of his owne faith . Here is then a difference betweene the faith of the godly , & the presumptiō of the vngodly , that , when the Lord suspendeth his truth for a while , the godly suspect not the truth of the word , but the vnbeleefe of themselues , and pray against the same . If then when Gods promises are suspended , we be through Sathans policie and our frailtie tempted to mistrust , we can say , Thy word ô Lord doth not faile ; but wee are dull in faith , we are wauering , we are full of vnbeleefe , good Lord , increase our faith , take from vs these mists and cloudes of mistrust , by shining vpon vs with the bright beames of thy spirit , and though Sathan would weaken our hope to discredit thy truth , yet strengthen vs : and though we haue failed in many particular points of thy commandements , yet we beseech thee to forgiue the secret errors of our life : wee haue beleeued thy word , but if wee failed in faith , then reueale thy couenants vnto vs , that we may recouer . Two things , as we haue often heard , sustaine Gods children in trouble , the one is the testimonie of a good conscience ; the other is faith in Gods promises , both which are heere set downe in the verses going before ; for in that he executed iudgement and iustice , he had the testimonie of a good conscience ; in that his eyes failed by waiting on the promises of God , his faith most plainely appeareth . This faith breedeth a good conscience , and this good conscience doth nourish faith . For whosoeuer will execute iudgement and iustice , must belieue the promises of God , & that the couenant of Christ is a sure couenant ratified in their hearts , which when they feele , they are vrged by loue to keep a good conscience . For the place to lay vp the treasure of faith in is a good conscience . Here then the man of God prayeth for both these things , and if we will seeke still after knowledge without feeling , we will iudge this prayer to be barren : but if we will looke into our owne incredulitie , and enter with a single eye into our owne hearts ( for such Christians are we , as we then shall be found to be ) and shall enter into the particular troubles of bodie and soule , wee shall finde our masse of vnbeleefe , and we shall see , that we may labour often in the meditation of this Psalme , and finde sufficient matter all our life long . For the man of God said before , I haue executed iudgement and iustice ; and yet heere he saith , teach me iudgement and iustice : hee meant not , that he had iudgement and iustice fully , perfitly , and absolutely , but that it was according to the grace which hee had receiued , yet he thought not himselfe therefore iustified , though he was not conscious in himselfe . His meaning then is : Lord thou searchest the heart , corrupt is my hart , and blind is my minde ; if I haue fallen , Lord grant me to recouer my selfe ; if I faile in vnbeliefe , Lord increase my faith , that I may daily grow in executing iudgement and iustice ▪ So farre off was he from being weary in vpright dealing , that he praied still for the continuance of it . Then if we be not wearie in our calling , and could come to say with this man of God , and with the Apostle Paul , that we are not conscious in our selues , yet we must further proceede and say , that we are not hereby iustified ; because the largenes of the lawe cannot be concluded in the narrow compasse of our braine , we must pray for the increase both of our knowledge and faith . According to thy mercie . Hee saith not giue iudgement , because I haue done well , but deale with thy seruant according to thy mercie . He doth not meane here as the Papists , he assureth himselfe of nothing of desert , but though he shewed mercy vnto others , yet with God he sueth for mercie , and not for merite . If then hee had failed in nothing , hee would not haue pleaded so for mercie , as Paul reasoneth in the fourth to the Romanes , vers 4. To him that worketh , the wages is not counted by fauour , but by debt . And here we see that hee doth not glorie , that his executing of iudgement and iustice was his owne worke , but acknowledgeth it to be the gift of God , and bringing nothing of his owne , he craueth pardon . It is an hard matter , when we haue thus done , not to haue our patience broken , and to doe the things which we haue done before . For , for this cause , in that the wicked loaded him with such euils , and they oppressed , and set themselues both against his cause , and his person , and his corruption was great , he praied for perseuerance . And teach me thy statutes . That is , if thou wilt shew this fauour vpon thy seruant , so it is ; if not , in the meane time , Lord teach me the true vnderstanding of thy word . We craue often Gods mercy and helpe , but we thinke not , that his mercie of all other were the greatest , as the Prophet saith , I desire thy fauour ; but this is my greatest desire , euen to be instructed further in thy word . Let vs then looke on this man , who being in trouble , desireth nothing more than the word , and wisheth not so much the ease of the flesh , as hee desired to be deliuered from vnbeleefe . We must therefore aboue all pray for this . As in the greatest haruest we lose none occasion , but if we want oportunitie we craue it by prayer , and striue the more by labour to recompence the losse of time passed ; then in our spirituall haruest , which so farre passeth the other , as the soule the bodie , how much need haue we to see , whether we haue this carking care to pretermit none occasion of Gods word , and to recompence that at one time , which we lose at another . And though he saith , Deale with thy seruant ; he doth not here boast of his seruice , but pleadeth for mercie . If a Nobleman should take vs as vagabonds and rogues , or should rescue vs out of prison , when wee had any suite , we would craue mercie and fauour , and not speake of our seruice , here is no presumption : so likewise , we being taken as stray sheepe , and rescued from the prison of hell , if we crie , Lord deale with thy seruant according to thy mercie , we doe shewe no presumption , but plead for mercie , and say , Seeing thou hast vouchsafed Lord to take me to thy seruice , consider with what enemies I haue bene oppressed , though I am not in all things a skilfull seruant , yet I am faithfull to thee in affection , Lord therefore helpe me . The Papists then are destitute of Gods Spirite , they see not this metaphor , that it is of such seruants , who when they haue done all things they can , yet thinke themselues vnprofitable seruants . His meaning then is : O Lord defend me from mine enemies , for my cause is in thy seruice . Verse 125 I am thy seruant : grant me therefore vnderstanding , that I may know thy testimonies . WE see the Prophet of God neuer calleth into question the promises of GOD , although they were long suspended , but rather his owne incredulitie and vnbeleefe , because he either did not so execute iustice & iudgement , as he ought to haue done ; or else beleeued not so throughly the couenants of God , and therefore desireth hee to be taught in the statutes of the Lord , that he may further beleeue his couenants . For albeit he had executed iudgement and iustice , yet hee was oppressed ; though hee waited on Gods promises , yet they were not fulfilled : therefore he might haue shrinked , had not the Lord taught him his statutes to strengthen his obedience , and exercised him in his couenants to confirme his faith . His prayer is the selfesame , which in effect Christ taught his Disciples , commaunding them to pray , Lord increase our faith ; that is , Lord increase our faith in the assurance of our iustification , according to thy statutes , in the feeling of our sanctification : according to thy couenants . So we see now , that as the man of God praied before , for a further vnderstanding of the statutes of the Lord , so heere he praieth for a further vnderstanding of his testimonies . The Saints of God did neuer so brag of their gifts of knowledge and faith , but that they still acknowledged and lamented in themselues the remnants of ignorance and incredulitie , and desired the remedie of them by praier . This ought to be for our instruction , that though we be not conscious in our selues of any grosse disobedience , or palpable vnbeleefe ; yet we must pray for a further sight of the law , & finding our vnbeleefe , we must craue of God that we may be more staied in his promises . Perseuerance is an excellent thing , especially when Gods promises are delaied , and we in greatest danger , then is the sure triall both of our knowledge and faith . We are also taught here , that whatsoeuer good things we haue , we haue them not , as to locke them vp in our possession , but seeing wee may shrinke away and make shipwracke both of faith and a good conscience , we must pray to haue a greater knowledge of the statutes of the Lord , and a greater faith in his promises . And here is to be noted , how the Prophet desiring a greater knowledge of Gods testimonies : he doth not so much desire any corporall reliefe against his enemies , as spirituall resistance against his vnbeliefe , teaching vs , that in perill we should especially craue the true vnderstanding of Gods will , that hauing gotten that , we may haue all other things , as it shall please the Lord. Here we see a great difference betwixt the faith of Gods children , and the presumption of the wicked : flesh and blood after long triall either cast off all weldoing , and perseuering in obedience , or else labour to weaken our faith ; but in God his children it must not so preuaile , either to the staying of their obedience , or hindring of their faith . For flesh and blood in all troubles seeke to be released from them , but Gods children are taught to possesse their soules in patiēce , and aboue all , craue that faith , which pleaseth God , and that obedience , which is most acceptable vnto him . This then is a token of a reuerent faith in the testimonies of our God , when we call into question rather our obedience and faith , than Gods promises and statutes , and when our consciences tell vs , that we doe not so much desire to be rid from our troubles , as that the rod of the wicked may not light vpon vs , either in rebelling against Gods lawe , or in mistrusting his couenants . For as we haue said , flesh and blood would rather be exempted from outward miseries , than to feele the comfort of Gods promises . But we must haue a iealousie of our selues , and suspect our want of care herein , as they do , who neuer can content themselues in carking and caring , when they are to bring in the fruites of the whole yeare in their haruest . Many would thinke , that this praier of the man of God is superfluous , but if they truly knew their owne decaies of faith , and shrinking in obedience , they would not suspect this Psalme of any needlesse repetition , but would acknowledge , that it is the wonderfull wisedome and goodnesse of Gods Spirit , so to prouide for our vnbeleefe and disobedience . And as the holy ghost doth here set down the glasse of regeneration , and teacheth vs how to pray for the continuance of our obedience , and strength of faith : so we must so behold our corruptions therein , as from henceforth we may haue a greater iealousie of our selues in them both . We learned in these two prayers , how contrary to the doctrine of the Sophisters , hee craued knowledge not of desert or merite , but of grace and mercie . Where we are to remember , that when we are to craue of God any new mercie to be receiued , or perseuerance in some mercy alreadie receiued , we must say with the man of God , Deale with thy seruant according vnto thy mercie . Now in that he doubled ( as we may see ) his request , he sheweth the great necessitie of it , and that the mysterie of faith is great . This is a thing that much deceiueth many , when we thinke that we haue eyes , and can see into matters as farre as other men ; we haue eares , and can heare as much as another man can doe ; we haue as good wits and reason ; we can conceiue and iudge of a thing as soone and as well as other men commonly doe ; Here is a great iudgement of God , that we cannot acknowledge our dulnes and deadnes , and that we cannot attaine vnto the mightie power of the word as we ought to doe ; for wan● of this we become so fruitlesse in reading , and in hearing , because we cannot truly vnderstand what we reade or heare ; we gather one thing here , and another thing there ; we gather many things falsely , and often finde fault with the deliuerie of the word , when the fault is in our selues , in that we neuer suspect our selues , our reason , nor iudgement . The children of God must be iealous ouer their owne affections , & must know that there is no such naturall thing in them , but that all is the gift of God. We are here then to learne continually to pray , that our iudgement may be enlightened with the true vnderstanding of the word , and our affections renewed into the due obedience of the same . If we should see in how many things our reason erreth , and our affections wauer in vs , we should surely acknowledge , that there are no superfluities in this Psalme . For vntill we be fully acquainted with the dulnesse of our hearts , we shall not see our necessitie in vsing the like prayers : but he that seeth the blindnesse of his minde , and corruptions of his heart , and desireth nothing more than to become a new man in Iesus Christ , and to learne nothing more than Iesus Christ crucified , howsoeuer others perswade themselues of more mysticall knowledge , ( without this , in truth , knowing nothing ) he will count all other knowledge but lothsome , and as dung , in respect of the doctrine of regeneration : whereby he is become a new man in Christ. For it is a greater blessing where this knowledge doth abound , and other gifts are in lesse measure , than where this is but small , though in many other gifts we doe abound . For euery man must not be learned , euery man is not to trauell in the profound mysteries of the Scriptures , but euery one had neede to be humbled ; and we being all destitute of grace , had neede to be taught of God as children , that being spirituall we may iudge our selues , that the Lord will not iudge vs ; and howsoeuer we thinke of our selues now , when the Lord shall take from vs the darknesse of our hearts , and the mists of our affections , we shall espie our dulnes and blindnes to be very great . Vers. 126. It is time for thee Lord to worke : for they haue destroyed thy law . AFter the man of God in the verses going before had praied for himselfe , now he commeth to pray against his enemies , & after he had prayed for ease of his trouble , which he had amōgst his enemies , when he himself in the meane time had deserued well of them , and had prayed that his knowledge might be ratified both in the law and Gospel of God ; he now commeth , & sheweth a reason why he would the Lord should so do with him , euen because of the generall flood of iniquitie , and vniuersall corruption both in religion and maners , as knowing that it was now high time to keep , and to be taught the statutes & testimonies of the Lord , to be confirmed both in obedience & faith , because happy were they that now could beleeue the law , and keep the couenants , when on no side one might finde examples of the one or of the other . His meaning then briefly is this : O Lord , seeing there is no further place left for prayer for them , seeing I haue executed iudgement and iustice euen to the failing of mine eyes , seeing for all that I can do or say , they wax worse & worse , and whereas before they had some reuerence of thy iudgements , and now they are growne to the contempt and confounding of thy law , seeing mercy will not preuaile with them , but the longer thou bearest with them , the more they are hardned , but iudgement must be vsed , it is time O Lord , to put to thy helping hand . The man of God we see breaketh not out suddenly into this prayer , but vpon the great neede which vrged him thereunto . We are here to learne first , that though at all seasons it be needfull to pray , to be guided in the true vnderstanding , and due obedience of Gods word : yet then especially , when through the generall floods of iniquitie all without that especiall grace of God , all are like to be carried away . For as common and vniuersall floods sweepe all away before them with their swift and violent course : so in the common floods of corrupt religion and manners , euery man thinkes that the best religion , which most men doe hold , and that those things are most lawfull , which are most vsuall . But this is a peculiar and speciall grace of God , to be exempted from that generall corruption , as was Enoch , who was preserued to walke before the Lord in that corrupt age ; Noah reserued , when all flesh had corrupted his waies ; and Lot who liued a iust man euen among the filthie Sodomites . If then we shall be preserued from corrupt religion , when religion is vsed but of custome , and not of conscience , when it is vsed coldly , and there is no heate in it ; if when mens manners are generally become corrupt , so that there is no humilitie , no mercie , no pitie , no chastitie , no puritie , no righteousnesse , no true dealing , no care of our neighbours credit ; we can walke in the loue of God , and obedience of his will , doubtlesse this is a speciall grace of God. In this sense the Prophet prayed on this sort : Therefore haue I doubled my prayer , because I see so little helpe among men . I cannot see any good example to edifie me , Lord helpe me : It is time for thee O Lord to worke , for men haue destroyed thy law . We see then how well this dependeth on that which goeth before For in the beginning of this Portion he prayed , that he might not be oppressed of his enemies , now he prayeth that his enemies might be suppressed . At the first sight this would seeme not to be a charitable kind of dealing , to pray against enemies , because loue requireth that we should pray for our enemies : how then doth this agree with the rule of loue ? or shall we thinke that the man of God did any thing here against the law of charitie ? We haue shewed , that the children of God were neuer inkindled with wrath for their owne cause , but for the breach of the law of God : so this man of God had no respect of himself , but of Gods law : his cause was good , his persecutors cause was euill , he hurt them not , but laboured by all meanes to ouercome them with good , he did not for a while , but continued long in it ; he was not wearie of his wel doing , but went forward , euen to the very failing of his eies , yea his eies , as he saith in the last verse of Port. 7. gush out with teares , because their sins were so great ; he sought peace , & ensued it , and yet he saw no amendment , but that they were worse and worse : wherefore , seeing their sinne was past recouerie , and that there was no ordinarie help on earth , he prayeth God to deale with them from heauen . Neither doth he pray here for their confusion and vtter perdition , as some may falsely thinke , but rather sheweth , that it is now time , that the Lord should vse some chastisement , that they may know that there was a God , and that they had broken the lawes of God , that they might come to a sight and feeling of their sins , that they might be punished , if it were so the wil of God , to their conuersion , or at the least , that they might be no more a plague to the world , and a reproch to the word . When our affections are mingled with our cause , we are to suspect our selues ; but otherwise when we haue a good cause , and see that we haue perseuered in executing iudgement and iustice , and yet the iniquitie of our aduersaries laieth it selfe so open , that it groweth desperate , then we may desire the Lord to take his cause into his owne hand . And here we are to obserue , the Prophet saith , They haue &c. where he noteth not any particular person , nor maketh mention of the destruction of any singular man , but vseth a generall rule ; wherefore for our instruction , these rules are more diligently to be obserued . First , we are to looke that our cause be good , and our aduersaries cause be euill . Secondly , that we be not incensed with anger , because we are contemned , but because Gods word is despised , that is , that the cause why we pray against them be Gods , and not ours . Thirdly , that we keep our selues in well doing , and thereby heape coales of fire vpon their head , that we beare them , euen to the breaking of our backes . Fourthly , then , when we haue vsed curteous admonitions , and by the ministerie of the word , or Magistracie , if the matter so require , and may be obtained , haue sought to turne them . Fiftly , when we haue prayed for their amendment , and wept for their sinnes , and yet all these things will not serue , we may say as in a last refuge , Lord take the rod into thine hand , spare them not ; alwaies prouiding this , that we pray not against any particular person , but leaue them to Gods secret iudgement . Thus we see here is no breach of charitie . But now adaies we may hereby see , men reuenge rather their owne affections , than defend Gods glorie . Wherefore when we haue prayed ill against them , for whom we neuer prayed for good , I say to them , tremble and feare : for this is not the zeale of Eliah ; this is not the zeale of Dauid ; it is a zeale of the flesh and not of the spirit , it will worke their singular woe , vnlesse they repent . It is time . That man of God here teacheth Gods children , that when Gods law is destroyed , it is time for the Lord to wake . This euery man may confesse : but blessed are they that can say in a good conscience , I haue liued iustly , I haue vsed no ill against mine enemies , I haue prayed for them , I haue deuoured many iniuries at their hands , I neuer reuenged . Secondly , we are here to learne , that when the law of God is once brought into contempt , whether it be in a nation , in a countrie , in a citie , or particular person , let that nation , countrie , citie , or particular person know , that the wrath of God is not farre off either to their amendment , or to their further and more speedie destruction . If we goe through the doctrine of the Prophets , we shall see this to be true As first we may see in the first , second , third , sixt , seuenth , and eight of Esay , the Prophet of God threatneth the Israelites , that because they came to worship of a custome , but lay still in their sinnes , because they were rebellious , giuen to pleasure , and contemners of the word , they should be led captiue of the Assyrians , and denounceth many plagues against them , which all came to passe in the daies of Ahaz , they were carried away captiue , and were no more a people of seuentie yeares after , as may appeare Esay 6. And although Gods children haue their infirmities , and euen they which are Gods children by calling , may fall into grosse sinnes : yet because there is in them no general falling from honestie , but they haue in them a special care and feare of Gods word , so that they loue nothing more , they feare and tremble at nothing more than at it , though it may be in the meane time they fall into sinne , yet they will not fall from sinne to sinne ; surely the Lord will in time draw them out of their sins , and spare them from the common destruction , as he did here Dauid , who though not this generall contempt of the word , yet some sinne he had . This is then in the children of God truely called , that although sometime more carnall than spirituall , and slide into many wants and infirmities , yet they fall not from one sinne to another sinne ; but they tremble being rebuked by the word , they esteeme reuerently of the prayers of the faithfull , they thinke highly of the Sacraments vsed in the congregation , & are obedient to all discipline of the Church : in these there is great hope that they shall be reclaimed from sinne , and exempted from the punishment of the same . But when we ioyne sinne with sinne , and draw sinne to vs as it were with cart-ropes , when we contemne true religion , when we pray in custome , and care not for the Sacraments , when we make no account of the discipline of the Church , then the Lord will surely punish vs. Let vs now looke into particular examples : we shall see in many places of the Scriptures , that the Lord rendreth this reason of his comming to vengeance , euen because his word was forlorne . As Genes . 6. where we may see that after they had begun to corrupt religion , as in the last verse of the fourth chapter of Genesis appeareth , and thereby they begun to mix themselues in corrupt marriage , and after sinne had growne to such perfection , when not a few , but almost all men ; not in a few things , but in all things ; not at one time , but at all times , euen then in this generall flood of iniquitie , the Lord threatned to send a generall flood of destruction . And as this is apparant in the whole world , now let vs see it in more particular places and persons . The Lord complaineth , Genesis 18. that the sinnes of Sodome and Gomorrah cryed out to heauen for iudgement , where sinne was so high , that there was no difference betweene Magistrate and subiect , like people like priest , all were defiled , then came fire and brimstone from heauen . To come yet to more particular iudgements , if we looke into the common-wealths of Iudah and Israel , whether when they liued vnder their Iudges , or vnder their Kings , we shall finde that before they were punished , mention is made either of their idolatrie and corrupting of religion , or of their vnthankfulnes and like corrupt manners . When the land was diuided into Iudah and Israel , we shall reade , 2. King. 17. that notwithstanding the Lord testified to Iudah and to Israel , by all the Prophets , and by all the Seers , that they should turne from their Idolatrie , & keepe his statutes , they , for the contempt of the word , were taken prisoners of the Assyrians . Likewise 2. Chron. 36. 17. we may reade , that though Israel fell , yet Iudah was not amended , and though the Lord shewed compassion vpon it in sending his Prophets , yet Iudah contemned their admonitions , and when there could be no remedie , the wrath of the Lord waxed hot against them , and they were carried captiue to Babell : so that we see ere the Lord purposeth a generall sweeping away , he setteth not downe simple sinnes , one or two sinnes , but lincked and chained sinnes , the contempt of his religion , the mocking of his Prophets and Preachers . As this is true in the destruction of societies , so is it also true in the ouerthrow of priuate persons . And although we may see out of the word seuerall denunciations of seuerall plagues to seuerall persons , yet we may learne it euen in our common prouerbe ; There is no goodnes in him , he will come to naught ; he is a common malefactor , he will come to some shame ; he is so common and vsuall a sinner , that there will some plague light on him . The seruants of Nabal told Abigail their Mistres that he railed on them , and they added , that euill lucke would come vpon their maister , and vpon all his familie : for he was so wicked that a man could not speake to him , and indeed he liued not long after . So if we looke into Pharaoh , or into Saul , 1. Chron. 10. we shall see the pride of their sinnes went before the height of their punishments . This doctrine is seene easily in other men and confessed of all , but in the meane time , few profit little by it in themselues . We haue great eyes to see other mens sinnes , but we scarse will see our owne at all . We haue many eyes to spie an hole in another mans coate , but we can hardly haue an eye to see them in our owne . We can see the moate in another mans eyes , but we leaue beames in our owne : we make mountaines of other mens faults , but we thinke our owne scarsely to be molehils . But Gods children are most studious in iudging themselues , although all the world besides lay nothing to their charge : but this thing much deceiueth vs , we thinke we are not the worse kind of people , and thinke there are worse than we are , because as yet we are vnspied and spared . But shall we thinke that the whole world , that Sodome , Iudah and Israel , that Saul and Pharaoh were at the first at the height of their sinnes , but that rather they grew by little and little as by degrees , and after one sinne followed many sinnes , and after few sinnes a great number of sinnes , which being ioyned with the rest moued the Lord to vengeance . This then deceiueth vs , that we compare our selues with the worst , and herein appeareth our madnes , and we shew our selues to be brainsicke , that we doe not perceiue our sinnes at the first , but by falling from one sinne to many , from small to great , at the length we become hardened . It may be thou doest not dispraise the word of God : but thou esteemest not so reuerently of it , as thou shouldest doe : thou wilt not speake ill of the Sacraments , but thou hast little care whether thou vse them or no : thou wilt not despise the Prayers of the Church , but thou makest no conscience of them : thou darest not speake against discipline , but thou doest lightly esteeme it : thou art not yet at the height of sinne , but thou canst commit one sinne after another , and yet not be grieued . But let vs know , that they were not at the first in the highest degree of sinne , but stepped from few sinnes to make no conscience of many sinnes , and from pettie sinnes , they brast out into grosse sinnes : Wherefore Gods children iudge themselues seuerely , and secretly ; they haue rather particular sinnes than vniuersall ; they striue against their sinnes , they loue religion , and maintaine the fauourers of it ; they hope to recouer themselues by grace in Christ. But if by securitie the loue of Gods word , the liking of prayer , the delighting in the Sacramēts , the care of discipline be stolne out of our hearts ; if we can now sweare , that could sometimes not suffer an oath ; if we can now be content to heare the word with sleeping , which were wont to receiue it with teares ; if we can now prophane the Sabbath , which could not abide to breake it : if these degrees creepe into vs , let vs feare our selues , sinne will deceiue vs , and deceiuing vs will harden vs ; sinne will make fat our hearts that we shall not perceiue it , it wil blinde our mindes , that we cannot see it . This is then the wisedome of Gods children , not to tarrie whilest their sinnes be great , but to striue against the least , to esteeme of the word as of the ordinance of God to saluation , to thinke of the house of God as of their paradise or inheritance , which if we could feele , vndoubtedly the Lord would giue greater blessings vpon the preachers , and greater graces to the hearers . But if we pray of custome , without a feeling of our wants , and sorrow of our sinnes , if we haue no loue of the Sacraments , no care of discipline , if our hearts be hardened , all is not well either some iudgement of God is at hand , or else we are to feare to be cast into some heresie or such like euill . I finde that after Esay had prophecied a long time , The Lord God who would not haue his name plasphemed , seeing no amendment in his people comes with a greater maiestie , and bids the prophet Esay . 6. to tell them that they should heare , but not vnderstand , they should plainly see , but not perceiue : hee commandeth him moreouer , to make their hearts s●t , to make their eares heauie , and to shut their eyes , least they should see with their eyes , heare with their eares and vnderstand with their hearts : And because they would not make the word of God the sauour of life vnto life , it should bee vnto them the sauour of death vnto death . As this is especially meant of the vngodly : yet surely the godly escaped not but by repentance . It is the wisedome of God to vse all meanes , and then to vse destruction when his word wil not serue . We may be comforted euen at this day : that the Lord yet giueth a scattering of his people , and giueth vs some good ministers and magistrates : but if we cōsider of the Lords long suffering of vs , of the peace , abundance and many other graces bestowed on vs , and yet so small amendment ; we trust for the remnants sake , that the generall iudgement of God shall not as yet come vpon vs : yet this sore saying should make vs afraide , it is time for thee Lord , to put to thine hand , &c. This may be much for the comfort of Gods children , and for the discomfort of the wicked . Vers. 127. Therefore loue I thy commandements aboue gold , yea , aboue most fine gold . MArke here the spirit of the man of God. Doe wee not see that this is a common rate , the lesse religion is esteemed , the lesse it is of the most regarded ; the greater the corruption of manners is , the greater is the follie : then this is a rare blessing of God , when religion is in euery place hated , euen then to loue religion ; when manners are euerie where corrupted , euen then to be of good conuersation . When in our time then we see so many kinds of religion , as papistrie , the sect of the Iesuites , the family of loue , Anabaptists and such like , it is a singular grace of God , to bee established in the loue of true religion : When wee looke into their manners , whether we turne vs to Magistrates or subiects , wee shall neither finde zealous gouernment , nor faithfull obedience . If wee liued in a heauen among Angels , or in a paradise with Saints , and would defile our selues with sinne , wee were worthie to be cast out of Paradise with Adam , and out of the Church with Cain . But to liue with Noah vprightly , and to walke before God with him , when all flesh hath corrupted his wayes ; or to liue iustly with Lot in the middest of filthie Sodomits ; or to keepe a pure religion or worship of God with Elias , when not one can bee found that hath not bowed to Baal ▪ or to liue in keeping iudgement and iustice with Dauid , where are so many oppressors of the truth ▪ to haue in this case an heart vpright both in religion and manners , o● consider this to be an especiall worke of grace . This we may also see both by naturall and ciuill reason : we see the more generall and contagious a disease is , the greater care we vse to watch ouer our health ; and the greater mercie of God we count it if we be not infected with the rest : and shall wee not iudge the same in spirituall and more heauenly matters , that the more hot sinne groweth to bee , and like to ouerrun all , shall wee not grow the more zealous of the saluation of our soules , and thinke it the rarer grace of God , if wee being subiect to the common sinnes are preserued from them ? In ciuill matters doe wee not see , that now deceite in buying and selling , vnfaithfulnes in bargaining is so great , euery mā is circumspect to discerne ill dealings , euery man almost is become a lawyer , no man is ignorant of the common shifts of the world ; yet this maketh not men therefore to giue ouer their deedes , but they make their deedes more sure : neither doth deceitfull dealing keepe them the more from markets and faires , but men are more carefull in their bargayning . Do we loue the Church thē , though there be so many corruptions of religion , and so many corruptions of manners ? Let vs be more afraide of our selues , and more carefull of the word , and heedie in our liues , than wee haue beene : let vs listen to the word , before the Lord hath sealed vp the prophecie , least the wicked preuaile , and the iust man make himselfe a pray . Now is the time to repent , it may bee that the Lord will mitigate his iudgements , when they fal , & wil make his punishment particular and easier . For then we truly feare the publike iudgements of God , when wee feare the cause of them in our selues , when we carrie not for the height of sinne , but submit our selues with reuerence to all meanes of true religion and godly life , and speedily iudge our selues for not looking to the least occasion of sinne , watching ouer our soules , that we become not remisse , or with looser conscience of prayer , the word , sacraments , or discipline . And as it is a secret iudgement of God to passe from one sinne to another , without any remorse of conscience , vntill wee come to the contempt of the word : so it is a speciall grace of God to be grieued with sinne in the beginning . And surely that so many are giuen to ill workes and so few to good , it is a manifest token , seeing the word wil not moue vs to be zealous that the Lord will shortly send a iudgement vpon vs , if not generall , yet at the least particular . This then is worthie noting in the man of God ; that the more religion decayed , the more religious was hee ; the more godlinesse departed , the more godly was hee : which is a thing farre contrarie to our practises , who allowe that which most doe ; and loue that least , which most doe like , making other mens examples placards for our sins . For many will say : how I pray , liueth such a man , how doth he ? doth not he liue an honest life ? can I follow a better man ? wee must not doe as other men doe , but as the Lord commandeth by his word . Let this then be a sure rule whereby euery man may examine himselfe : if the more religion and manners decay , thou art the more religious and godly , thou shalt not be carried away with the common destruction : but if thy zeale and care of godlines be the lesse , then feare , vnlesse thou repent , as thou art wrapped in the common sinne , thou shalt also be taken in the common reward of sinne . Now that corruptions may not preuaile against vs , wee must thinke there is as great contrarietie betweene vs and others , as is betweene light and darknesse , God and the diuell . But if wee beginne to bee in mammering of Religion , and know not what to holde , but wauer in all , it is to bee doubted , that wee shall bee partakers of the common punishment . Let vs learne then to shut vp our faith within the compasse of Noah his Arke , and not commit it to the broad waters of the wicked world . To this ende saide our Sauiour Christ , When the Sonne of man shall come , where shall hee finde faith in the earth ? as though hee should say , it would be an hard matter to finde faith amongst men . We see in this man of God , if we will esteeme aright of the law of God , we must loue it aboue gold . Vers. 128. I esteeme all thy precepts most iust , and hate all false wayes . HE sheweth , that there is no sound loue of good things , where there is not an hatred of euill . We shall see this by experience , he that loueth to keepe the Sabbath , he wil hate a prophane breaker of the Sabbath : he that loueth chastitie will abhorre adultery ; he that loueth true dealing , hateth all vnrighteousnes ; and surely if we doe not in truth loue good and hate euill , but bee found to halte in hypocrisie , wee shall in time be discouered , and one day taken in a trip . In that he vseth emphatically , I esteeme all thy precepts , hee declareth that he loued not one or two , but all the commaundements . His meaning then is this : O Lord , there is not one of the least of thy commaundements , but I esteeme it : there is not one way of falsehoode but I abhorre it . Now we are to learne not to esteeme well of one commaundement , which our nature best liketh , and to dispense with another , but true christianitie esteemeth all alike , & euen that most , which by nature we are most ready to breake . PORTION . 17. TETH . Vers. 129. Thy testimonies are wonderfull , therefore doth my soule keepe them . THe selfe same argument is here continued , which hee vsed before . For hee partly prayeth for graces , and partly sheweth what graces hee hath receiued : in the first , second , third and last verses of this Portion , hee sheweth his graces , in the other hee prayeth for graces . As we see the selfe same argument , so we see a new reason . Thy testimonies ( saith he ) are wonderful ; that ●● , thy lawe hath in it such mysteries , as naturall men cannot reach them , and therefore lone● thy law . As if hee should haue said : Lord , what is ▪ the cause , that men doe so basely esteeme of the greatnes of thy couenants , why doe men so little regard it ? because they neuer tasted the excellencie of it , they neuer felt the wonderfull and powerfull maiesty thereof . Why doe ●lay them vp as my soule ? because in my soule I haue felt by thy word su● wisdome ●s eye hath not seene , eare hath not heard , nor reason able to conceiue And why I pray you , in our times doe so few conceiue , or conceiuing , doe keepe and so esteeme of the word of God ? because the wise men of the worlde thinke it a thing very easie ▪ and they can conceiue 〈◊〉 they list , & the more common sort of people make ●o more account of i● , ●han to giue it the hearing , and that with their naturall wit , and reason onely . Some men may t●in●● 〈…〉 t●●u●● against mens wits , but all men may see , that that is a mysterie which cann●● 〈…〉 by reason , and that if it be a thing which by wit and reason may be conceiue● and 〈…〉 , that it is no mysterie . This is the reason why comming to the word , we must haue new eyes to see spiritually , new eares to discerne , new hearts to conceiue . Vers. 130. The entrance into thy word sheweth light , and giueth vnderstanding to the simple . THis is no painted wisedome , yet the simplicitie of the word is of more glorie and pompe , than all the wisedome of the world besides . Wherefore Paul , Ephes. 3. prayed that the Ephesians might according to the riches of Gods glorie , receiue strength by his spirit in the inner man , to comprehend the breadth and height and length and depth of this our Sauiour Christ speaking to Peter of this mysterie attained to by faith , saith , Flesh and blood hath not 〈…〉 this vnto thee , but the Spirit . And in Matth. 13 11. where our Sauiour Christ spake in Parables , he ●●●●e , Because it is giuen to you to knowe the secrets of the kingdome of ●●●●●n ▪ but to ●h●m it is not giuen . Many may haue the word of God strike their eares ▪ they may haue an humane conceiuing of it , but few haue the right and spirituall vnderstanding of it . When we come then in feare and trembling to heare the word , as knowing that of our selues we can neuer vnderstand the word , but must craue of God by prayer , to be giuen vs by his holy Spirit , who as he was the author in giuing it , so hee is also the causer of conceiuing it , wee are sure we shall vnderstand . There is an hearing of the letter and an hearing of the Spirit . Why then haue wee so little iudgement and cold affections in hearing and reading , but because we heare and reade so malapertly , and are not throughly and truely perswaded of the maiestie thereof ? The Lord is delighted with the soule that is humbled , and refuseth the purpose of the proud . For what is the cause that so many runne into heresie ; but because they are proude in their owne conceits ? On the contrarie , if we had this humbled minde , we should not be so senselesse in conceiuing , nor so soone caried away with the flouds and tempests of corrupt doctrine . In that he saith , My soule doth keepe them , his meaning is , that therefore hee laide vp the precepts of God in his heart , that hee might haue them in a readinesse when hee should practise them , as he saith portion 2. 3. I haue hid thy promise in my heart , that I might not sinne against thee . The soule is the seate of affections , for hee saith , that hee had the statutes of the Lord in his affections . The seate of diuinitie is the heart , wherefore the Scriptures vse so often to say , the heart of man is corrupt , the Lord searcheth the heart , the foolish man hath said in his heart . For though the Philosophers saide , that the minde was the seate of knowledge , yet they could neuer see , that the heart is the seate of Christian religion . Which if it were in our minde , wee should surely be puft vp with it , as wee are with knowledge . Here is then a triall of our hearts . I see many labour after knowledge , but fewe after affections . This in temptation will not helpe , vntill both knowledge and affections be on our sides to resist , so that which we haue in knowledge , may also be in affections . For though wee may learne it , and commend it for a while ; yet surely wee shall haue no profit by it in temptation . When we haue none other seate for diuinitie , but our heart , and doe not place it in our braine , and when we haue throughly set our affections on it , our life though it should be taken from vs , yet our soule would sticke to the thing whereon our affections are so earnestly set . So Ionathans heart was saide to bee knit to Dauid : wherefore let vs labour to say with the Virgine Mary , My soule doth magnifie th● Lord , my spirit reioyceth in God my Sauiour . Thy testimonies are wonderfull : Hereof say the Papists that the word of God being mystical , should not be taught to the common sort of people , & the common people say themselues : what will ye haue vs doe with the word of God ? what should simple men meddle with it ? we are not like the learned , it is for you , it is for you that are learned , not for vs. The holy ghost here most fitly prouideth against the Papists and the common people Let vs know then this , that a simple man of the countrie , though at the first he be not so capable , yet offering and submitting his heart and whole reason to the Lord , and his word , he shall afterward attaine to great knowledge . They are wonderfull then to humane wit , and reason not sanctified , and the more wise men wander in the skyes , and houer aloft in vaine conceites , and yet haue not learned Christ Iesus crucified , haue nothing in them , when as poore simple people desirous to be taught , doe vnderstand wonderfull things . The Prophet saith , Psalm . 78. Heare my word O my people , &c. I will open my mouth in a parable &c. and hee addeth afterward , we will not hide them from their children . He calleth them high speeches , and darke sentences to mans capacitie ; but Gods people can vnderstand them : they are hidden to them that trust too much to their owne reason and are reuealed vnto them that renounce their owne reason . Marke here he saith : the 〈…〉 into thy statutes . Will then the beginning giue vnderstanding ? what will it doe to them that are gone forward in it ? what hindreth vs , why we goe forward no more ? but euen the too much trusting to our owne wits . What ? haue we such wits in outward matters , and are so grosse in matters concerning our saluation ? Oh hypocrites saith our Sauiour Christ , you can discerne the outward seasons , &c. What meaneth then this dulnes and deadnesse in heauenly things , but that men deceiue their owne soules . For if their wits were sanctified , they would as well conceiue spirituall things , as corporall . To doe ill , saith ●eremie , this people is wise , but to doe good they haue no wit. What a curse of God vpon our wits is this , that wee are so quicke in worldly things , and so dull in heauenly things ? surely , it is the punishment of the Lord , for the pride of mans reason . The meaning then of this place is not , that they which are altogether bereaued of discretion , haue such a light in the word ; but it is vnderstoode of them , who being lowly in their owne eyes , abase their pride of wit to the pure wisedome of Gods spirit ; so that neither the simplicitie of the baser sort is any hinderance to the gospell , neither the wisedome of the mightie any thing auaileth thereunto , vnlesse it be sanctified , howsoeuer men brag of an holy foolishnes . For Ioseph , Iob , Dauid and Daniel had good wits , but sanctified , and subiect by Gods spirit to the word . Wee are then to learne by the things which we haue spoken , that no man hateth sinne with a godly zeale in another , but he first hated it in himselfe : we must cast the first stone at ourselues . True it is , that we cannot auoide all ill wayes , yet we must hate one euill way as well as another , and though we cannot doe all good things , yet we must loue one commaundement as well as another . This then is that which the Lord requireth , euen to heare ●l his commaundements alike . Againe , so much we profit by the word the more , when we must esteeme of those things , against which our reason doth most resist , and our affections most fight . We shewed also out of the 129. verse , that the Prophets meaning was not , that there were some profound mysteries in the word ; but that all were mysteries , what thing soeuer therein contained . We shewed that the man of God did not place the word in his vnderstanding onely , but also in his heart and affections . We must labour to ioyne iudgement and affection , for in ●oble , if affection bee not ioyned with iudgement , iudgement will not helpe , because affections rebell , and wee shall finde such a conflict , that we will say we haue lab 〈…〉 much in iudgement , and too little in affections . When then in temptation we shall not onely haue iudgement , but also affection on ourside , we shal be able the better to ●●●● unter with 〈…〉 things commaunded a speciall meane to embrace them is , to trauaile as well with affection ●s with iudgement : in things forbidden these two ioyned together , will make vs the better to auoyde them . Wherefore it is good for a man thus to ●rie himselfe : Lord giue mee a sight of my former estate , why did I not according to knowledge ? why did I so little profit , either in particular duties , or in particular troubles ? surely I ▪ euer laboured so after my affections , as after iudgements , I laid vp thy word more in my minde , than in my heart . Vers. 131. I opened my mouth and panted because I loued thy commendements SOme would thinke this zeale to be madnesse , because they had neuer such feelings nor affections . But what saith this man of God more of himselfe ? hee saith , that with his feete he walked in the lawe of God , his eyes looke to it , his hands were lift vp , his spirit panted , and as a man being wearie gapeth to take breath , and swalloweth vp the ayre : so the Prophet in the wearinesse of his troubles , swallowed vp the word of God. O hungrie soule which the Lord did ●atisfie , and with his word alone could comfort . The metapher is taken from wearied and panting Hinds , which after long pursuing and chasing was very drye through hea●e , and desire nothing more than the water b●ookes . So that as he chased Hart longeth after the waters , so his thirstie soule desired nothing more than to be satisfied with the word . This Psalme is giuen vs by Gods blessing to remoue vs from our dulnesse , and to teach vs that we should not labour more after knowledge , that after affection ; why then profit we no more in the word ? there is little hunger in vs ; much 〈◊〉 doth 〈…〉 vs , we examine not ourselues at midnight , we are not humbled , we thust not , we pant not . All Gods prom●ies are chiefly made to them that hunger after them it is said , Pro. 2. 4. It thou seekest knowledge as siluer , and sear●hest for her as for treasure 5 Th●●● shalt thou vnderstand the feare of the Lord , &c. Here we see the holy ghost calleth 〈…〉 word a ●reasure , that is ●id and sheweth how we must seeke & search for it Awakethe your affections , awake your affections , behold here the blessing of God , he will blesse ●ts , and satisfie the hungrie soules . The Lord requireth nothing of vs , but to mistrust our reason : and to suspect our affections but to be teachable in spirit , to hunger in heart , and thirstingly to long after his word , which if we shall doe , we shall receiue increase of knowledge , and amendment of life For to them , that as meeke schollers wil be taught of Gods spirit , and submit their reason to the simplic●t●e of the word , the Lord saith , Matth. 5. Blessed an● the poore in spirit , for their●s is the kingdome of heauen . Blessed are they that hunger and thirst for righteousnes for they shall be filled . But here may seeme to mans reason a great repugnance , to the verse aforegoing . The entrance into thy word sheweth light and giueth vnderstanding to the simile . For hee had shewed in the verse going before , that the testimonies of the Lord were wonderfull , not in part ; ●●● meaning that all therein was mysticall : and here he saith that the very entrance into Gods word giueth light , and vnderstanding to the simple . We answere that the law , or especially the second table of it may bee conceiued by reason : but it is nothing so in ●●● doctrine of faith , which is here meant in this word testimonies , which we shewed to bee taken for the couenants of God. The doctors of reason , I meane the papists , say the word is not to be taught to the common people , because it is mystical ; but they neuer knew , not by good experience felt , that the Scriptures of God were easie to them , that would submit themselues to them , and vse them familiarly . Others indeed may read , see , and heare them : but they shall be as Parables and enigmaticall vnto them . If then wee did see this aright , that that which the wisest man cannot conceiue , the simplest soules may attaine to , if they will be taught of God , would it not take vp our affections ? This made our Sauiour Christ say : I thanke thee O Father , Lord of heauen and earth , that thou hast hia these things from the ●●●● and prudent , and hast reuealed them vnto babes : euen so O Father , was it thy good will and pleasure : As if our Sauiour Christ should haue said , O Lord , I see the wise men haue great conceiuings , and yet they attaine not to thy word ; yet to them that are humble and poore of spirit ▪ I see thou makest it knowne . Did our Sauiour Christ giue thankes for this thing , and shall not we for whose example these things were done ? We can giue thankes for our wits , and for our memories : but what is that to the purpose : our wit may rather hinder vs , than further vs in the true knowledge of the Lord , vnles it be humbled and subiect to Gods spirit . But here is a great cause of thankefulnesse , that the simple shall vnderstand these mysteries , not as we shewed before , such as haue no conceiuing at all , but such as acknowledge their simplicitie , and hunger after the word : euen as we also grant , that wisemen shall haue this vnderstanding , if they will denie their reason , and stir vp affection . For as all wise men shal not be debarred from this priuiledge ; so all simple men shal not be preferred thereunto ▪ For neither wisedome in it selfe , nor simplicitie in it owne nature , doe either further or hinder hereunto But alas , I see how loath men would bee , to lose their worldly wit , and how they seeke after praise and commendation for the same ; but few , eyther with like affection desire spirituall vnderstanding ; or sorrow , in any like measure , when they haue it not . Deut. 4. 6. That is your vnderstanding and wisedome in the sight of the people saith A Moses , That the Lord permitteth you so neere to approch to him , and to bee taught his ordinances and lawes . What then meane these speeches of them , that hunt so much after worldly wit ? Why , doe you thinke I am a foole ? Doe you thinke I am an asse , and haue no wit to conceiue what things be , as well as other men ? Doe you count me but a dul head ? Surely they are too proud , and too much blinded in their owne conceits . Wherfore the Prophet doth shew vs , that as the mysteries of Gods word are reuealed to them that are simple of vnderstanding ; so are they to thē that are zealous in affectiō . The cause then why we do no more profit by the word , is because wee doe not denie our reason , wee haue not affections that hunger after it , nor loue to make vs pant for it , which things if we did , we should surely be satisfied . Indeed the Lord giueth vnderstanding to whom he pleaseth , & where he purposeth to bestow so great a blessing , hee giueth grace also more aboundantly to suboue their reason . And as simplicitio cannot of it selfe bee a cause of spirituall vnderstanding , but as it sooner bringeth vs to a sight of our wants , and maketh vs the more to long after Gods word ; so wisedome is no cause of hinderance , but as wee resting too much in the feare of reason , cannot easily be brought to the simplicitie of Gods word . And if the entrance , rudiments and principles of religiō giue such knowledge , and the very catechismes yeeld such vnderstanding , what is to be hoped for , when wee attaine to riper knowledge , when wee haue more vnderstanding , when wee haue more affections ? well , let vs then examine our owne hearts herein : when wee begunne , were wee delighted with vnderstanding , and did our vnderstanding moue in vs such affections , and in our proceedings , is our vnderstanding lesse , and our affections fewer , or doe we not thinke still of our ignorance , and desire to haue our iudgemēt clearer ? we are in a dangerous estate , we must suspect our selues . Sathan wil bewitch vs , and tel vs that this is a paradoxe , that after so long hearing and reading we should still be ignorant , and that still we haue neede to hunger after the word . It is therfore the great mercy of God , that to the receiuing of so singular a benefit , he requireth nothing of vs , but the acknowleding of our ignorance , and bewayling of our wants . Hee would , that we should still put our selues in minde of this one thing , that though we haue not this vnderstanding in the highest degree , or in an hundred fold ; yet we must haue it in some degrees , either in threescore fold , or in thirtie fold : we must vexe , grieue and trouble our selues for this affection . For where it is , the heart is a liberall and free ruler of our affections ; and where it is not , we must learne to lay violent hands euen on our affections . We are to shew that which we omitted in the latter ende of the verse going before ; Because I loued thy law , &c. Heere the prophet sheweth , that the loue which hee did beare to Gods lawe , was so great , that it could not satisfie him , but still hee thirsted after it , and thirsting , did pant . Loue , as we say , alwaies setteth a price of things , nothing is too deare , no trauaile is too much , no paine seemeth too great , for the thing which wee loue ; we set a great price on things which are loued . So then , if we make our loue of the word , and make our price on it , we shall thinke no paines sufficient , no trauell enough to attaine vnto it : and on the contrary , if our loue be little and small to the word , we shall finde it to be the cause , why we set so little a price on it . For if our loue be in any measure , it will draw on our affections ; but when we haue lost our loue , no maruel though we haue so barren feelings . If then we will haue any true triall of our loue , let vs see , if with the man of God , we can open our mouth and pant . Now , if we thinke , that in others it is reproueable , that they haue lost their former heate , and broken their first loue ; and we see the holy Ghost reprehendeth the Nicolaitans , and that they be fault worthie , who neither be hotte nor colde , whom the Lord protesteth to spue out of his mouth , as hee threatneth the Laodiceans ; and shall we thinke the selfe same things not too reproueable , or blame worthie in our selues ? Wherfore when we feele such coldnes in affection , such luke-warmenes in loue , we must earnestly striue & labour in praier against them . For where there is no feruencie , there is no loue in truth : and if we doe any thing drowsily , it is an argument our loue is cooled , and we are to suspect the deadnes & dulnes of our affections . So that this may be the briefe sense of the man of God ; Because I desired to haue my loue satisfied , I panted . If we looke into that heauenly and spirituall Song of Salomon , wherin is set downe both the pure loue of Christ to his Church , and the ardent affection of the Church to Christ her spouse , we shall be ashamed of the want of our affections , the want whereof doth breed the want of loue . Vers. 132. Looke vpon me , and be mercifull vnto me , as thou vsest to do vnto those that loue thy name . HEre the man of God continueth to shew his loue , in that nothing can satisfie him , in making his petitions , saying : O Lord regard me , looke vpon me thy seruant , not according to thy iustice , but in dealing mercifully with thy seruant . We are peraduenture accustomed to this prayer , and we sometime happily haue this affection , yet we do it not with the Prophet , to the panting of our hearts , or opening of our mouthes . We desire the Lord to be good and mercifull to vs , because we are in some miserie and distresse , not that we haue any desire to see the glorie of God aduanced , in the accomplishment of his promises Let vs see then whether we haue this affection of the Prophet in vs or no. Why doe we pray for fauour and mercy at the hand of God ? because of his promise . This is something ; but we ought to doe it , because we loue the word : If our prayers , as we haue said before , could pierce the skies with their shrilnesse , if they were so eloquent , as all men were delighted with them ; yet they finde no grace nor fauour before the throne of God , vnlesse they being grounded on the promises of God , grow from a loue of his word . Thus we see , how first he proued his loue to the word , in that he opened his mouth and panted , and after he desireth , that his loue might be satisfied . We must first see this in iudgement , and after be ashamed of our selues . Wee maruell why we go on in loue and affection so little ; why we pray so much , and obtaine so little ; we thinke , we perswade our selues , to haue asked much of the Lord ; yea , but not aright . For we must so craue of the Lord to looke vpon vs , that if he should looke from vs , we should hold our selues to be most miserable . The yoong Rauens craue of the Lord whē they are hungrie , the Lyons yell and roare for foode , and both the croking of the Rauens , and yelling of the Lyons is satisfied with meate . If the Lord so dealeth with these , which are more inferiour creatures than man , much more wil● he do it to vs , if we with like affection shall craue it . If the Lord then looke not on vs , and be mercifull vnto vs , we are gone , and then we are to shew our longing to his mercie , and to ease our hearts with prayer , according to the example prescribed vnto vs of the Prophet . When then we haue griefes , we languish away with them , and martyr our selues ; we bite vpon the hard bridle ; but here we must haue our remedie , euen by laying our selues open , in God his bosome : we are not to pine and consume away with them , but to laie them downe in the lap of the Lord. Why doe so fewe good motions come vnto vs ? or when they come , why fleet they so soone away ? euen because we cherish them not , nor giue them good entertainment , because we chaunge not our motions into prayer , but put them to silence , and smother them by other rouing cogitations . And be mercifull vnto me : We see the man of God still desireth mercy . This is all that he esteemeth of , this is the thing which we must alwaies couet , and coueting this , we may leaue all other things according to Gods pleasure . As to them that loue thy name , &c. It might seeme that hee had merited , and by desert might haue challenged the graunt of his prayer : but he still cried for mercie , and craues nothing of merites . We see then the papists are carnall hauing proud spirits , for although the Prophet had executed iudgement & iustice , he sueth for mercy . He desireth the Lord to renew his graces in him , that he might also renew his mercy towards him . This doctrine is manifest in the second commandement , where the Lord saith ; I wil haue mercie vpon thousands of them that loue m● , and keepe my commandements : Marke , he saith not , that he wil reward them that are truly zealous in the worshipping of him , but he saith , that he will sh●w mercy v●to them . For it is both the mercie of God , that we haue grace to doe the will of God in our first beginnings ; it is the mercie of God , that we haue grace to continue in doing his will in our after proceedings . This is a comfortable doctrine , when we remember that the rarest and dearest seruants of God did renue the mercies of the Lord towards thē , by crauing that his graces might be renued in them . Mercie it is that moueth God , to begin any grace in vs , it is mercie to continue vs in grace , it is mercie that he crowneth his gifts in vs. When the Lord then will bestow any mercifull thing vpon vs ▪ hee preuenteth vs by bestowing also some grace vpon vs. For if we respect our selues , we are so far from any right challenging of any new grace or mercie to be giuen vs , that we are most worthie to be depriued of the old graces alreadie receiued . As thou vs●st to doe to them that loue thy name , &c. The words in their proper tongue signifie thus much : According to thy in lgements , which thou do●st execute to them that loue thy name , according to that in the fourth verse of the seuenth portion . I remember thy iudgements of old o Lord , and haue bene comforted . His meaning therefore in these former words , is not fully expressed ▪ Here we may learne , the necessarie vse of this word , and how needfu●l a thing it is , and how speciall a gift it is of God his wisedome , rightly to discerne and distinguish the words . Iudgements as we haue often fore shewed , is taken either for executing the threatnings of the Lord denounced in wrath and in desert : or else for the performance of his promises , made in compassion and of mercie . His meaning briefly is : be mercifull in iudging me , as thou art wont to iudge thy seruants , let me haue iudgement in mercie , and enter not into the iudgement of my sinnes , for no flesh then shall be saued , and deale with me , as with thy deare seruant . If we be guiltie of our owne crosses , we must acknowledge our sinnes , as the iust causes thereof , for neuer any of the children of God obtained mercie without this . We are then in trouble to looke to the promises of God , if we by faith can finde the like testimonie of a good conscience : but when we see our sinnes to be the cause of our troubles , or that it is the Lord his hand of iustice vpon vs , we cannot in truth vse this prayer of the Prophet . There is a iudgement in righteousnesse , and there is a iudgement in mercy . Of the first the man of God speaketh when he saith , Enter not into iudgement , &c. the iudgement in righteousnesse : of the second the Prophet Ieremie speaketh , Correct me , O Lord , yet in iudgement . that is , in the iudgement of mercy and fatherly correction . And because we faile for the most part , either in our outward actions or inward affections , we had neede to pray , that the Lord would deale with vs according to his mercifull iudgement . True it is , that the Saints of God doe say , O God of my righteousnesse , O God of my saluation : but that is to be vnderstood in respect of men , and not in respect of God : but they that come with their case to be iudged and pleaded before God , must needes say ▪ Lord be mercifull to thy seruants . We must neuer draw neere then in prayer before the Lord , without this clause , that the Lord would accept vs , in Christ hi● obedience , and that we doubt not of mercy , when the Lord iudgeth vs in his Christ. Here we are to obserue , how the Prophet maketh an experience of the Lord his dealing , and thus reasoneth with him : I see thou Lord dealest mercifully with them that loue thee : but I loue thee : therefore Lord deale mercifully with me . This deceiueth many : we reade not the word of God for imitation , or as thinking that those affections which we reade to haue been in the children of God are to be required in and of vs also ; but let vs know , that whatsoeuer haue been the strangest and rarest affections of God his children , they are for vs to follow . For though we cannot attaine to them in the like measure that this man of God , because we will not deny , that he had a greater measure of Gods spirit than we haue ; yet we must by vsing the like meanes attaine to some measure , if not an hundred fold , yet threescore and thirtie fold . Now we see , that he hauing obtained the like graces with God his people , craueth here the like mercies with thē For his sense is euident : as thou diddest not make a couenant with thy seruants after their sinnes , but according to thy mercy , euen so Lord deale with me . Here is no speciall thing mentioned , but he setteth downe that , which hath been , and may be in the children of God. He prayeth no● for any speciall mercie then , but for that mercy , which by experience he hath seene ratified in others : likewise he speaketh not here of any extraordinary graces of God his holy spirit , but of thē which are ordinarie and incident to any one of God his children as to another , although not in like measure . And surely we haue not the like mercies with them , because we haue not the like graces that they had . To loue the word of God as gold , to gape after it , to breath and ●●nt for it , are singular gifts of God , but giuen to none in that time , with such speciall prerogatiue , as they may not in some measure be giuen to the Saints of God in our time , if we soloued the Lord. For that which the Apostle Peter said of them , that feared the Lord , to wit the Lord hath no respect of persons , but they that feared the Lord are accepted : the same the Prophet speaketh here in effect of them that loue the Lord. For when the promises are generall in pronouncing , we must make them particular by a seuerall applying of thē to our s●lues . Let vs then be ashamed of our selues for our wants of loue . The Lord hath not graunted vnto others , nor denied vnto vs any speciall priuiledges , as they thought among the Papists , who in their readings had wont to admire much at the Saints of God , and to follow them but little . The Lords hand is not shortened , that he can lesse helpe vs , than he hath in times past our forefathers ; neither is his mercy lesse , that he will not helpe vs : for his is the kingdome , his is the power , his is the glorie for euer : but our sinnes , as saith the Prophet , haue made a partition , and a diuorcement betweene the Lord and vs , our loue is lesse , our sinnes are greater , than they were in our forefathers . Let this comfort vs , the man of God here prayeth not for any extraordinarie mercy . For as the loue of God to vs ward is common with other of his children , in like manner our loue to Gods word must be common with them , and if we haue the like graces with them we shall obtaine the like mercies with them . For in the substance of saluation , if we haue faith , the Lord will deale with vs according as he dealt with Abraham , Isaac , and Iacob , with the Prophets and Apostles . Wherefore the Lord , as we said a little before , hath set downe his promises i● generall words , which we must deriue by faith , as particular and proper to our selues . Now if we had this sealed in our hearts , that they were neuer confounded nor deceiued which put their trust in the Lord , we should be assured , that his arme is not shortned , he is as able to reach it out vnto vs as euer he was before , if onely , we will beleeue and say with the Prophet of God , Amen . We must take ●eede , that we suffer not as ill doers , and that the Lord finde vs not lying in some sins : for then we cannot in truth vse the Prophets prayer for the like mercies , in that we haue not with the Prophet the like graces . If we then fall in vnbeleefe , or in time of trouble possesse not our soules in patience , let vs not hope for this mercie : but if in a right cause , we haue walked vprightly vnder hope of the like grace , we may pray for the like mercy . That loue thy name . Whatsoeuer loue he had to God , he would not expresse it by shewing it to the Lord , but by testifying it to his word . The name of euery person or thing serueth especially as we know , to make them knowne to vs , and to discerne them from other in that kinde . So is it in the name of the Lord , whose name is set downe to vs Exod. 33. and 34. by the Lord himselfe speaking to Moses , The Lord passed before his face , and cried , the Lord , the Lord , strong , mercifull and gracious , &c. We see what is the name of the Lord , the eternitie , wisedome , power , strength , and goodnes of the Lord : for all these things abide in him , and spring from him to his creatures as from a fountaine . Now , in that these things cannot be known but by the word , whatsoeuer loue we shew to God , we must testifie it by obedience to his word . For in that he is in all these things so infinit , he sheweth vs in the second Commaundement , that no Idoll can expresse his wisedome , power , loue and iustice , but his word alone , which is the glasse wherein alone whilest we are in this life we see the face of the Lord. Seeing then the word doth make his name so knowne vnto vs , we then loue his name whē we loue his word , which sheweth vs his loue , power , eternitie , and goodnes . Wherefore the Prophet in this same Psalme saith : Thy testimonies are mine heritage for euer , expressing by the word his loue to the Lord : according to that Psal. 16. 5. The Lord is the portion of mine inheritance . Then he said he loued the Lord , when he loueth his law . Here then we see that Heretikes loue not the Lord , bragge they thereof neuer so much , and call themselues the Familie of loue , because they loue not the word . We must then try our loue to God by our loue to his word , and sith the loue of God is not pure in Heretikes , let vs loue the word , which is a sound triall of our loue of God : for looke what loue he would haue done to him , he requireth to haue it shewed to his word . Thus we see they loue Gods name , which loue his mercy , iustice , strength and power : but because we cannot know them , nor be endued with them , but as the Lord by the ministery of his word , and working of his Spirit communicateth them vnto vs , we must shew that loue to the word , which we would shew to the Lord. As we therefore are desirous of the reading , hearing , and meditating of the word of God , as we delight to be conferring of it , as we reioyce when we see it obserued and kept in our selues , and in others , as we are grieued to see this broken in our selues and others ; euen such is our loue to God his word . Vers. 133. Direct my steps in thy word , and let none iniquitie haue dominion euer me . VVHen the man of God said before , that he opened his mouth and panted , and that he saw the word of God was wonderfull , and that the very entrance into it gaue light & vnderstanding vnto the simple , he now prayeth for continuance in this his loue . The ende then of this his prayer is perseuerance , and sheweth , that though he loued the word , yet he is still ready to goe out of the way , and so vnlesse the Lord stay and establish him , iniquitie should get the vpper hand , Thus we see how he feared and suspected himselfe : for had he not feared ; this had been an vnnecessary prayer . The man of God had not that opinion of himselfe , which men haue now adaies , in thinking so highly of their owne strength , but prayeth to the Lord that he may not goe astray : which thing he thought he might of himselfe easily doe , and that if it were so that he slipt somewhat awrie , yet that he might not goe too farre , least that iniquitie should haue the vpper hand of him . Thus we see that in this Psalme is set down vnto vs a myrrour of godlines , wherin a man may come to the sight of his corruptions , and to a feeling of his neede , in hauing his steps numbred , and his pathes guided by the word . If we were truely perswaded of this same , it would pull vs on our knees , and humble vs , it would make vs make much of the meanes , whereby we might helpe these infirmities . But we suspect no such danger , and therefore wee are not so carefull in our singular actions to watch ouer our selues , and that by degrees we may fall away , and start out of the way or ere we beware . In that this followeth so immediately his former prayer , that God would looke vpon him , and be mercifull to him , he sheweth that there was neuer any man but he was in danger and most readie to fall , vnlesse God looked on him , and were the more mercifull vnto him . So that with the gift of perseuerance hee prayeth for mercie , declaring that vnlesse the Lord would bestow such grace on him , he was not able to continue . This must stay the pestilent doctrine of the Papists , who foolishly dreame , that a man hauing freewill , may hold forth his course in the right way , and may promise to himselfe safe passage . True it is , Gods children may assure themselues of strength , because the Lord is on their right hand , but so , as they are still to feare their owne frailenes , and to pray for finall perseuerance . This verse is all one in effect with the first verse , portion 14. Thy word is a lanterne to my feete , and a light vnto my paths . In both which places hee sheweth , that as hee that goeth in a darke place or in the night , cannot goe on right step , but as hee receiueth light from the lanterne to see his way , and when hee is in neuer so little darkenes , hee is in danger and readie to stumble : so we , if we march forward in ignorance and darkenes , cannot guide our selues one step to the kingdome of heauen , but as wee may haue light from the lanterne of Gods word , to beware how wee tread , and when wee swarue neuer so little from this light , wee are in daunger of making our conscience to stumble . This borrowed speech goeth then thus farre : As he that is in darknes can goe no further safely , than he is within the compasse of the light of the candle : so according to the measure of our knowledge of Gods word are we able to direct our affections happily , and no further . In th●t he saith , Direct my steps , he noteth , that although wee haue the light of the word before vs , yet vnlesse the Lord open our eyes , it shall bee as vnprofitable and vnable to guide vs , as the light of a candle is to direct a man that is blind . Now therefore he teacheth vs to pray , that though wee haue the word , yet the Lord would inlighten our vnderstandding and affections by his Spirit , which may guide vs in our iourney . And seeing the man of God hath vsed this prayer before vs , wee are to learne , that in reading , hearing , meditating , and receiuing of the word wee are altogether vnprofitable , vntill the Lord shall take the gouernment of our steps into his owne hand , and shall direct vs by his Spirit . My steps . Loe he prayeth here for affection and not for iudgement , as he doth in a verse following , where he saith , Shew the light of thy countenance vpon me , and teach me thy statutes . Here the Prophet instructeth vs as well to pray for affection to be mooued by the word of God , as for iudgement to vnderstand it . For if this were not needful , then were this prayer but a vaine babling , and often repeating of one and the selfe-same thing , contrary to that rule of our Sauiour Christ , Mat. 6. 7 ▪ When ye pray , vse no vaine repetitions , as the Heathen : for they thinke to be heard for their much babling . Why doth this man then vse this repetition ? Surely because it is another matter greater than we think of ▪ He saw there was much blindnes in our minds , there is much rebellion in our affections , and great sluggishnes in our hearts , that without light we cannot tread in the right path ; yea though wee bee deliuered from by-paths , if the candle be obscured , and our way darkened , yet wee returne to them againe . For as a man being in the darke , may easily goe out of the way , and being out , cannot easily come in againe , but is faine to wander in vnknown and vncertaine places : so if God guide vs not by his word and Spirit , wee shall hardly finde the right way of knowledge , and if we finde it , we can hardly continue in it , but may easily goe out of it , and being out , we can hardly recouer it againe . Wherefore hitherto appertaineth the saying of our Sauiour Christ , Matth. 7 13 Enter in at the streight gate , &c. because the gate is streight , and the way narrow , that leadeth vnto life : wherein as it is hard to continue ; so to goe on either side out of it , is most easie . We see then how he prayeth , that his paces might be guided by the word , and that the spirit of God might carrie this lanterne of the word before him , without whose guiding we cannot goe three steps but we shall misse of our way , and leese the path , and being once out we may easily erre , and once erring we shall not returne aright . Many would thinke this ridiculous , but Gods children know by experience that there is a necessarie vse of these things by reason of the blindnes of our minde , and that it is a speciall grace of God to be guided by his spiritual grace . That no iniquitie haue dominion ouer me . The simple sense of this verse is this : Lord , if thou doest not order my goings , surely iniquitie will haue dominion ouer me The end of his request ( as we touched before ) is , that he might not misca●●●e in his way Hee acknowledgeth , that a man being out of the way , may be enforced to wander , and after wand●ing can hardly recouer himselfe . Wherefore he prayeth to this effect : Lord , so keepe me , that though I ●rre , yet I may returne : so ●uide me , that though I goe out a little , ye● suffer me not to wa●der altogether , least iniquitie ouer runne me . Thus we see God● children feare themselues : and why ? because though the raging raigne of sinne be take● f●●m them , ●et the massi● lumpe of naturall corruption dwelleth in them , and the very daungerous of sinne are very daungerous . Wherefore our Sauiour Christ ●aught vs ●o pray , L●a●● vs not into temptation : the meaning whereof is here of the Prophet plainly set downe , which is , that though we cannot au●ide the causes of temptation , which is ou● corrupt nature , yet that euery man must resist , and no● yeelde in willing co●sent vnto sinne , that it should get the dominion ouer vs. It euery Saint of God ●ee commaunded to say this in ●●u●h and not in hypocrisie of heart ; ●●● euery Saint hath neede of this prayer : for euery man is subiect ●o temptation and iniquitie in him may haue the vpper hand . True it is , there are many weakenesses and infirmities in Gods ●●i●●ren , as●r●th and anger ; yet by how much they be the more and the greater , the more and the oftner they are to watch ouer themselues . Shall they then giue place and 〈…〉 themselues in anger ? Some man will say , wee are full of corruption , wee cannot but often f●ll . Wee answere , we must be the more watie of our selues : for it is one thing to be tempted , and another thing to nourish and foster a temptation : for if a man being p●o●o●●● to anger , and let the Sun goe downe in his wrath , can fall asleepe in his anger , and can be angrie still when he awaketh againe , the spirit of God there hath not the chiefe rule , but iniquitie hath dominion ouer him . Wherefore when temptation ariseth , let vs learne by prayer to preuent the raging of it . As thus : Lord , I will not thus much trust myselfe , that I can match with sinne , Lord I haue corruption in me , but cleanse thou me from my sinne , and let it not vtterly preuaile against me . The Saints of God dare not tarrie vntill the dead blowe commeth but they suspect the first strokes of sinne ▪ they ●arrie not to be stung to death , but they feare the least b●zzing of sinne , because they may easily be carried out of the way , through the deceiuablenes of sinne , and the deceitfulnesse of sinne may bring hardnes of heart . Wherefore the Apostle ( Hebr 3 ) exhorteth them to applie one another with exhortations whilest it is called to day , least any of them should be hardned through the deceitfulnes of sinne . And the holy Ghost saith , Psal 95 vers . 8. To day if ye will heare his voyce , harden not your hearts . Wherefore the Saint of God thus prayeth , that if hee should giue a little roome and s●●ll libertie to his affections , Gods grace could not continue in him . Neither can the children of God being out of the way , easily recouer themselues , as we may see in Dauid , who thought himselfe after that he had sinned to be cast from the presence of God , to be for sakē of his holy Spirit ▪ and vnlesse the Lord would cast him into the wombe againe , vnles the Lord would cast him into a new mould , there was no hope that he should recouer himselfe . The violence of sinne is so impetuous , that a man may soone slip and easily fall , but hardly rise againe . Wherefore the Wiseman saith , Prou 28. 14. Blessed is the man that ●e●●th alway : but he that hardeneth his heart shall f●ll into euill : that is , blessed is he that in euery action examineth his heart , that he fall not . Not without cause then haue I this iealousie , that when men are readie to deceiue themselues they are in dāger of being hardned , because the mā of God here so ioyneth both together , that he should haue ●is steps directed , least that iniquitie should haue the dominion ouer him : for I take the whole verse to be but one request . The sooner we meete with temptation the better we shall ouer match it ; the longer wee continue and let it al●ne , the longer will be our conflict . If we begin betimes we shall easily conquer it ; if we let it alone , we shall easily be conquered . For it will either get ground of vs , ouerreach vs , and get the vantage , or else we must get ground and vantage of it : if it ouercome vs , wee shall hardly recouer our paces . This is then the wisedome of God his spirit in his children , which men call precisenes , to set a warie and heedy watch ouer euery affection that we thinke , ouer euery word which we speake , ouer euery deede we doe , least wee be deceiued , and through deceite bee hardened , and so iniquitie get the dominion ouer vs. Thus we see the Prophet desireth the gift of perseuerance , acknowledging , that to continue is Gods gift , as well as to begin . And in that he desireth speciall mercy to perseuere , he declareth that many begin well ; but afterward iniquitie getteth the vpper hand , and they fall away : so that it is a peculi●r mercy of God to preserue his to the end . And in praying as well here for the 〈…〉 affections , as he did before for the direction of his iudgmēt , he giueth vs to vnderstand , that if we purpose to perseuere , we must no lesse looke to our affections , than to our iudgement This then is a double grace of God on whomsoeuer ▪ first to haue our iudgement enlightened , and then to haue our affections touched . Direct my feete , &c. As our feete carie our bodies , so our affections support our actions . It is a good thing to stay our affections , when our outward actions are rightly ordered ; and for this cause mention is made so often in the booke of God of lifting vp our eyes , of holding vp our hands , of walking with our feete . As then we will haue our affections truly touched : for we must not contemne this outward gouernment . Now , whereas he prayeth , that the secret masse of corruption which lieth in him , may not breake out in him , he noteth , that they who are carelesse of their finall perseuerance , make little conscience of their former corruptions But such are greatly to feare , least that in the latter end of their regeneration , they bee cast our of Paradise with Adam , and throwne out of the Church with Cain . For if Adam sinned in Paradise , whilest as yet he was perfect , how easily may we fall , which are in the dayes wherein iniquitie doth raigne , and are full of imperfections ? Againe as we touched briefly before , God his children doe not tarrie so long as to labour for life , and striue for breath in temptations : but in the beginning they espie their errours ; whereby they see how they might sail further , were it not that Gods spirit mightily did preserue them . And surely euery man by experiēce shal find , that the sooner we begin to 〈…〉 the more speedily and easily we shall preuaile against it ; whether it be that we are tempted to leaue good things vndone , or to doe things not to be done . For let a man once leaue the searching of his heart , & vpon some great necessitie cease from the ransacking and rifling of his consciēce , when he hath not happily slipt notoriously : we may see , we may find our recouery to our exercises againe : But if we haue omitted these exercises a long time and often , when we should come to practise them , and put them in vre againe ; what a strange thing will this seeme to vs ? how hardly shall wee get our hearts to yeeld to it ? our flesh is vnwilling , this thing is so vncome vnto vs , that we are faine to sweate againe , for those practises of prayer and priuate examination , which by vsing we had with ease ; and by not vsing we had almost lost . Wherefore as proofe maketh euident ; like as in a tree though the rootes be somewhat mangled , yet there will sprout buds , which with a small instrument , by daily resorting to them , and keeping vnder , may be kept from much growing , and yet afterward by negligence and permission , as with a hatchet they will hardly be hewen down ; And as in a great concourse of waters , though the fountaine be stopped , yet the riuers remaine open , which being taken in time with a floud-gate , may bee staied , and leesing long oportunitie , by great bankes from ouerflowing cānot be restrained : euen so a man in the beginning of his temptation , whilest as yet it is but in the sprout , and hauing a little course is vnable to make any great breach , by prayer and the spirit of God may bee kept vnder and stayed : but if it be left alone , not looked to as before , the extraordinarie spirit of the Preacher , or the extraordinarie trauell of a man in prayer and fasting , will not be able to remedie it . Well many there be , that charme the charmer neuer so wisely , they will not heare , that they might preuent the rage of sinne . If when we shall vse all meanes to subdue sinne , all is too little , if we giue it any libertie , how great is the daunger ? If a man in vsing a sparing dyet , moderate apparell , and little sleepe , shall still finde in himselfe a selfe-loue and liking of sinne ; how much more when hee frameth himselfe to all the guises and fashions of the world , shall he see selfe-loue preuaile against him ? when wee are iustified in Christ , and ingraffed into him by faith , and yet haue not the rootes of sinne throughly pulled out , not the riuers of iniquitie dried vp , but onely the spring ▪ head is staied . I know there be many , who thinke it a precisenesse , to be so much afraid of our owne weakenes , and to be watchfull and warie of our owne affections ; yea , and oftentimes in those things , which to iudgement are lawfull , yet abstaineth in life and in our practise : but blessed be that feare , and happie is that precisenesse , which is so carefull ouer our owne infirmities , and so much suspecteth our owne wants and weakenesse . Wherefore the man of God still prayeth for perseuerance . In thy word : In that he maketh the word of God his meanes of perseuering , he teacheth vs , that though we haue profited neuer so much , yet vnlesse the word of God enlighten our iudgements , and reforme our affections , we may easily erre out of the way . We knowe but in part , our heart is reformed but in part , our knowledge is bettered but in ▪ part ; and that which we haue , is giuen of God by the preaching of the word , and working of his spirit : and that we may yet be deliuered from those affections which in vs remaine corrupt , wee had neede to pray for the vse of the word . Againe , in that he would be grieued by the word , the man of God sheweth vs , that vnlesse the Lord teach vs , it is vnprofitable . Wee must ioyne to the ministerie of the word , the direction of Gods spirit . What is the cause , why we haue a generall liking of the word , and yet haue not a particular misliking of our deserts ? euen because we haue not the particular guiding and gouernment of Gods spirit . Marke here , the Prophet prayeth not the Lord to direct him , either by fantastical reuelations , whereof heretikes dreame so much , nor by vaine superstitions , which blinde the Papists , nor by ciuill policies , wherein wicked worldlings so abound , but onely by his word ▪ N●●●●●r in truth is there any thing that can purifie our hearts , or cleanse our affections , but onely the word ; which also is vnfruitful , vnlesse the Lord guide vs For it is an hard thing to gette in to the way , but it is harder being once in the way , to continue in it , and hardest of all , when wee are out of the way , to come in againe . For seeing the way to be so strict , that sometimes we goe on this hand , and sometimes on that , it is a grace of graces , either to be kept in the way , or being out , quickly to be brought in againe . And let none iniquitie haue dominion ouer me , &c. Iniquitie , as wee taught before , hath dominion ouer them , where it breaketh out without controlement , and in whom it beareth a sway with delight , to the hinderance of Gods glory , to the breaking the peace of their owne consciences , and to the euill example of others . He prayeth not we see , to be without sinne , for that he know he could not be in this life ; but that 〈…〉 might not rule & raigne in him . No more doth our Sauiour Christ teach vs to pray , that we might be without sinne , but that our sinnes might be for giuen ; not that we should bee voide of all temptations , ( for of all temptations , not to bee tempte● is the greatest ) but not to be ouercome of temptations ; not to be freed from all sinnes , but that Sathan the author of euil might not preuaile against vs. Wherefore the Prophet saith , Psal. 19. 13. Keepe thy seruant from presumptuous sinnes , let them not raigne ouer mee : Where he meaneth , Let not the errors which are so rife in me , grow too presumptuous ; but giue thy seruant grace to espie and foresee them , which agreeth with his sense in this place : Lord , though I see this heape of corruption is still in me , and lurketh still in my body , and is buried in my flesh ; yet let it not breake out to thy dishonour , or to the griefe of mine owne soule . Now as wee are indeede to beware of the great securitie and carelesnesse of many professors in our time , so must wee beware of the presumptuous pride of heretikes . For if either Gods commaundement or promises had permitted him to pray for a full deliuerance from sinne , then hee had beene remisse or flacke in so doing , he should haue shewed himselfe not to haue beleeued the promise of God , but disobedient to his Law , and to haue flattered himselfe in sinne , and to haue had some loue ▪ liking thereof . Seeing then the scriptures of God allow this kinde of prayer , that seeing we knowe not the manifold errors of this life , we might ●r●●e that we breake not 〈…〉 pre●● 〈…〉 marua●●e though the fanta●●●e ●ll heretikes be blowness high , that they 〈…〉 cannot sinne . If Adam in his perfection & in paradise , sinned against the 〈…〉 who an hundred yeares continued a iust man , ●ell in the Arke ; ●f Moses 〈…〉 earth , was ouercome by ●●p●●ienc●e ; if Dauid a man after Gods 〈…〉 dayes began to ▪ 〈◊〉 his people ; ●● Ezechias a good ruler of the 〈…〉 did breake out to v●●●glorie , in shewing of his treasure ; if 〈…〉 n all things was wo●● to aske cou●sell of the Lord , did no●●●ke 〈…〉 was to fight against the King of Egypt , though ●i●●ne ●id n●uer 〈…〉 mon ouer any of them , and yet after abundance of Gods graces 〈…〉 , sinne tooke holde on them : then what ●● hell●●h pride of 〈…〉 of such perfection ? And againe , here wee must beware of the conu 〈…〉 ▪ that we g●ue not our selues to much libertie . For though for Gods children , which t●rou●● infirmities haue ●l●ded , this is a ●o●o●t , yet for them that giue the bridle to ●in●●●●o l●ade ●hem as it listeth , it is nothing app●●taining ▪ For it is easier to slippe w●●● Gods ●●il●ren , then when wee haue slipped to recouer our selues with them ●●ame ; ●●●● easier to fall , ●●●● to rise againe with them ▪ and man●e haue their sinnes , which haue ●e●t●er their repentance , ●or the rem●ssion of sinnes with them ▪ It is saide , Ezech. 18 14. ●● the ●ig●t●●us turne away from his righteousnes , and co●●it iniquitie , and doth according to all the abbomi●●ti●●s , that the wicked doe : sh●l● hee liue ? all the righteousnes that hee hath done shall not be menti●ned ▪ but in his transgress●●ns that ●e ●a●● committed ▪ and in his sinne ▪ that he hath sinned , in them sh●ll hee di● . We must not thinke hee speaketh here of ●nie particular breach , but of generall back-slidings , when iniquitie hath gotten the vpper hand . But here is a common objection now a dayes , vsed almost in euery mans mouth : what sir ? what doe you tell vs of sinne ? and make so much adoe about it ? is there not sinne in you as well as there is in mee ? why speake you so much of sinne ? is it not in other preachers , and in other hearers , as it is in me ? why do you cha●ge me so sir ? we answere , is there no difference betweene dimnes of sight & blindnes ▪ is there no difference between numnes and sensl●snes ? betweene slumbring and dead sleeping ? betweene a little sl●p and a dead fall ? if there be a distinction to be made of these things , shall we not also put difference betweene infirmities , and leauing of some good things ? and grosse sinnes , and ●u●●ing headlong to vngodlines ? Is there no difference betweene the error and ignorance which is i● Gods children , with griefe and with a desire to be freed from them ; and the errors and ignorance of the wicked , wherein they gladly he still , and where o●●●●● haue no care to bee ●id ? No difference betweene the frail●●e and infirmitie of Gods children , ●●● the sinne and iniquitie of the wicked ? is there no difference betweene i●fi●●●t● and presumptuous ▪ fra●ltie , and rebellion ? betweene motion and action ? is there no difference betweene two steppes of a long ladder to the skyes , and two steppes at the bottome ? ●●● betweene him that trauaileth , though hee attaineth not to the highest steppes , and him that still tarrieth at the ladders foote ? Thus we see , they are willingly blinde . Where Gods children steppe into some one sinne , and being admonished are therefore sorrowfull , and labour to recouer themselues , and the wicked wall●w in so many sinnes , and by no admonition can be brought either to a go●ly sorrowing , o● forsaking of their sinne : is there no difference betweene these ? Iudas and Peter sinned both , and both against their Maister : was there no difference , or like danger ●● their sins ? Is it not one thing for a man to betray his owne Maister for couetousnes of a little money , and another for feare and infirmitie to denie him ? Is it not one thing to purpos● well doing , & yet to f●ll for feare , and another thing willingly to suffer the d●●●●●● to carry him from action to action , to haue the purse deliuered him , to be forewarned of it , to take the soppe of him whom he should betray , and yet to perseuere in his wickednes ? Is there no difference betwixt him , who when hee had sinned , wept and ●ined away for sorrow ; and another , that after he had sinned , hauing an hell●●h desperation , tooke vengeance of himselfe ? Thus we see , that there is a manifest difference betweene the sinnes of the godly , and of the wicked ; the sinne of the one , was not a purposed sinne ; the sinne of the other wa● forepurposed ; the one when he heard of his sinne , striued to get out of it , the other being admonished was carelesse . Finally , the one renued himselfe by Faith in Iesus Christ : the other hauing sinned , vtterly de●pai●ed . For saith the Lord. 2. King. 15. 5. Dauid did right , &c : saue onely in the matter of 〈◊〉 t●e Hitti● : did not Dauid else sinne ? we know he numbred his people ; ●e would haue killed Nabal ; he had conceiued an euill of M●●●bosheth ; howbeit the holy Ghost counteth not as it were of these sinnes , as being done of infirmitie , but saith the spirit of God , this was a soule sinne . For the other sinnes the Lord would not deale with them , but passed them ouer as it were ; but this sinne must needs be punished . And wherein did this sinne become so great aboue the rest ? did he not first sinne with his eye , wherwith he had before almost made a couenant ? was he not an hypocrite in desiring to hide his sinne ? when this could not be done , he still was deceiued by Sathan , and when he saw the fact must needs out , and should come to light , when it should now be knowne , and the woman must be examined , what did he then ? although he had neither hatred to the man Vriah , who had deserued wel of him , nor earnest loue to the woman : yet sendeth he a Captain with his letters : & whereas in the warres they vse to set for lorne persons in the forefront of the first hand , hee had appointed Vriah to be the man in that battaile , and still he perswaded himselfe , that he killed him not ; and after , to auoid publike infamie , he tooke home the woman to him . Thus was Dauid deceiued of Sathan , both subtillie and dangerously : and yet not so ; but that there is a difference betwixt him and another , that should make an occupation of adulterie , and still bathe himselfe in filthie loue . But the Prophet Nathan comes no sooner to him , and telleth him but closely and slenderly of his sinne ; but see , hee is s●●icken to the heart ; hee controlles him not though he were a King : but he admitteth him vnto him , and receiueth him humblie . He had sinned before , but hee did not see it before : we see here no presumption , for hee flatly accused , and not excused himselfe , saving : I haue sinned against the Lord. Where are they now , that will make the sinnes of others placard● for their sinnes ? where are they that will make such grosse presidences for sinning , because there are some infirmities and ignorances in Gods children ? let them consider rightly of these differences of sinnes . We see then the plaine meaning of the man of God : he prayeth not to haue no sinne within him , but that he might no●●ly in sinne . There is then a difference betweene affectate ignorance and diuelish presumption , and the weake ignorance and infirmities of God his children ; there is a diff●rence betweene sinning in fewe things , and sinning in manie ; betweene sinne committed and repented of ▪ and sinne committed without any repentance : betweene infirmities and presumptions . Wherefore the Apostle saith : Let not sinne raigne in your mortall bodies : and yet the same man saith , Ro 7. that sinne dwelt in him , and that he was solde v●to sinne . There is a difference betweene permitting a Prince as our lawfull gouernor to rule and raigne ouer vs , and to yeelde obedience to him willingly , and a griuous Tyrant whom wee resist , and performe no obedience to him , because he commeth with vsurped authoritie , who would inforce vs whether we will or no , and caryeth vs violently to prison . So the meaning of the Apostle when he saith , let not sinne raigne , is this : acknowledge not sinne to be your King , delight not in it , and if he do come , let him come like a tyrant , and as one that would hale you into prison , & that you may sh●w your selues not to be willingly drawne into his seruitude : crie out , Oh mortall man that I am , who shall deliuer me from this bodie of sin & death ? Is there not then a difference betweene him , who when he hath sinned , is afraid to pray to God , trembleth to come before God , feareth euen to goe on the earth : and another , who when he hath sinned , is merry , and pleaseth himselfe in it , and maketh but a delight , a pastime , and an occupation of it ? Is there not a difference betweene him that fighteth boldly , and him that will not fight at all against sinne ? Wherefore though Gods children haue such infirmities , yet they vse all meanes to resist them , and account much of hearing , praying , meditating , and conferring of the worde , that thereby iniquitie might not haue the vpper hand of them . Thus we see , how the children of God are violently haled to sinne : the wicked are voluntarily carried headlong into sinne : the godly recouer themselues ; the wicked fall from sinne to sinne : the godly yeeld to admonitions , the vngodly thereby are worse and worse . Vers. 134. Deliuer me from the oppression of men , and I will keepe ●hy precepts . AS we haue oft declared , it is the lot of Gods children to bee troubled with the vngodly , and therefore this man setteth himselfe down as a patterne therein , and seeing the Lord Iesus hath made himselfe a chiefe exāple in the house of example , who is our head ; it is meere that we who are his members should also suffer troubles , that wee may be made like vnto him . What is the cause then , why wee are so much at quiet with our selues , both Minister and Magistrate , people and subiect ; but because we doe not so much resist Sathan , fight against the world , & striue against our selues . For we beginning to rebuke the world of sinne , the world cannot away with vs ; and when we stir vp our selues against the diuell , he setteth himselfe and all his impes against vs , and when wee checke and controll our selues , we can neuer finde quiet . True it is , that sometimes wee shall haue quiet ; but this is but a breathing time ; yet that must be fulfilled in the members , which was begunne in the head , that we being like to him in suffering , may also be like to him in glorie , remembring alwaies that which is in Psalm 125. The rod of the wicked shall not rest on the lot of the righteous . So that the man of God prayeth here , that his affliction might not hinder his glorie . And no maruell , for his enemies first laboured to daunt his faith , then they went about to loade him with iniuries , either subtilly to circumuent him , or openly to oppresse him : when these things would not serue , they striued to bring his person to contempt , and his cause to discredit , as also they went about to bring themselues into estimation , and their cause into credite . No maruell then though he thus prayed , least that they resisting him too long , hee should be ouermatched . Wherein we are to learne , that wee must not ouercome ill with ill , subtiltie with subtiltie , violence by violence , but by praier . And seeing the Lords eares are open to the prayers of the iust , and his eyes vpon them that feare him , seeing his eares are shut to the wicked , and hee will not looke vpon them in mercy , but his face is set against them , the Lord vndoubtedly will heare vs , and looke vpon vs , and will confonud our enemies . And I will keepe thy testimonies . Behold , the man of God promiseth thankefulnes , and if it pleaseth the Lord to free him from these euils , hee would keepe his law , not that we must thinke , that he before did breake them : but though the proude had him exceedingly in derision , Psal. 51. though the bands of the wicked had robbed him , 61. though the proude had imagined a lye against him , 69. though they had dealt wickedly and falsely with him , 78. though they had almost consumed him vpon the earth , 87. and he was like the bottle in the smoke ; so that hee was wonderfully distracted in his calling : yet if the Lord would vouchsafe to free him from these euils , as before in part ; so now in whole , he would bestow his life on the Lord. We are then to learne , that in trouble wee are to desire to none other end to be deliuered , than the better and more freely to serue the Lord , and that when wee haue made so solemne a promise to the Lord , we throughly purpose in trueth to performe it . For though affliction of it selfe helpeth vs nothing vnto godlinesse , but is rather some hindrance why in our calling wee are lesse profitable ; yet as it is sanctified in Christ , and receiueth a blessing from God to worke in vs , it keepeth vs from euill , and prouoketh vs the more to doe good . But wee , if we be in aduersitie , if wee haue trouble or losse of goods , or losse of friends , oppression of enemies , or such like , make large vowes and plentifull promises , and crie : Oh if I might be deliuered from this sicknes , if I might be freed from this trouble , if I might be vnburthened of this euill ; I would surely serue the Lord , I would become a new man , I would change my life , and enter the waies of repentance : but we looke not to performance . This thankfulnes of heart made the Prophet , Psal. 116. 12. to cry out , What shall I render to the Lord for all his benefits towards me ? I will take the cup of saluation , and call vpon the name of the Lord : I will pay my vowes vnto the Lord , euen now in the sight of all his people : Where wee see , that it was the custome of Gods people , to stirre vp themselues after their deliuerance vnto thankfulnes . We shall see now by examining our selues how it is so in vs. Oh ( say we ) that I were recouered of my health ; oh that the Lord would restore those things to me againe which I haue lost ; then doubtles would I wholy giue my selfe to the Lord. But let vs see if in all these things wee bee not vow-breakers , and are rather growne worse than wee were : so greatly are we to feare our selues . God hath deliuered vs from our enemies , freed vs from war●es , saued vs from scarcitie , penurie , pouertie , plagues and sicknesse , and hath blessed vs with peace , abundance , plentie , health , and all other blessings , let vs see how we vse these things . We know the times haue been such , when we could not haue this liberty , to reade and heare the word of God ; but wee are now freed from such miserie , and set in great libertie ; whether doe wee vse this time to Gods glorie , and increase of our knowledge , and building vp of our faith , or not ? We know that there is a vicissitude in all things , and one thing succeeedeth another ; and as the Lord hath long time vexed other nations with trouble , and graunted to vs a long time of libertie and quietnes : so our course must come by the order and change of things to be vexed with troubles , and others shall be set at some libertie . Are we the better then for this benefit ? If wee bee , all is well : if not , will it not , thinke wee , be laide to our charge , that what time the Lord had giuen vs , wherein we might reforme our selues , wee haue abused in being so little reformed , what our time hath been to set forth Gods glorie , how little glorie the Lord hath gained by vs. We haue often heard , that our two principall props in trouble are faith in the promises of God , and a testimonie of a good conscience , which wee see often to be in this Prophet . Wherefore what doth fasten and comfort faith ? euen a good conscience : what doth make it wither and wauer ? euen because we haue been fruitles , and haue not done good workes . This then must be our comfort in trouble , that we suffer not as ill doers , that we may look for Gods promises . But if our sinnes accuse vs , and we suffer as ill doers , wee shall not bee able to feele any comfort in God his promises . Then let vs see the fruit of this prayer . The Saints of God and deare Martyrs of Christ made this prayer before vs , the fruit and effect whereof is growne vnto vs. For their sufferings were our prosperitie , their losse our gaine , their imprisonmēt our libertie , their death our life : as true as old is that saying proued , The blood of the Martyrs is the seede of the Church . For their blood h●th cried vp to heauen , with the blood of Abel , for our comfort , and brought downe vengeance on our enemies , and obtained mercy for vs. They did sowe in teares , and wee haue entred into their haruest with ioy , let vs beware least wee sow euill to our selues , and for others : they sowed comfort for their posteritie , let vs take heede that wee sow not discomfort for them that shall come after vs. And as their death hath stayed the wrath of God from heauen , that it is not fallen vpon the vine , & seeing many yeeres he hath planted among vs a vineyard , seeing he hath hedged it , and gathered out the stones of it , and hath planted it with the best plants , and hath built a tower in the middest thereof , and made a wine-presse therein , and hath looked it should bring forth grapes , but it hath brought forth wilde grapes : so our sinnes so inkindle the wrath of God , that hee will take away the hedge thereof , and his vineyard shall bee eaten vp ; hee will breake the wall thereof , and it shall be troden downe ; he will lay it waste , and the wild bores shall enter into it . What a thing is this , that the deare Saints and Martyrs of God should deserue so well of vs , and wee should deserue so ill of our selues and of our posterities ? Seeing then Gods mercie hath been shewed by so many blessings , and we eate of their sweete of the haruest , who neuer haue tasted of the cold of the winter , nor heate of the summer ; let vs feare , least for our vnthankfulnes , the Lord doth come to punish vs , and both for our want of religion , and vngodly life cause the Lord to remoue the candlesticke , take away the Gospel , and bereaue vs of our talents . Wherefore wee haue great neede to pray to be reformed in our iudgement , & renued in our affections , that our thankfulnes may appeare in loue of sound religion , and obedience of godly life to the glory of our good God. Thus we see it is not a strange thing for Gods children to suffer in this world , although God giueth vs sometime a breathing time , and maketh vs as children of the wedding ; who , so long as the Bridegrome is with them , doe not lament nor mourne . And seeing euery one that will liue godly in Christ Iesus must suffer persecution , and for a good conscience , Minister , Magistrate , and master of an household shall finde trouble in his owne flesh , hatred of the world , and persecution of Sathan ; it is certaine that we often purchase too much quietnes to our selues , because we doe not so labour for the mortifying of our flesh , for reproouing of sinne , and the beating downe of the kingdome of Sathan , as we ought to doe . Thus we see , the Prophet groundeth himselfe on Gods promises , who hath said , that the rod of the wicked shall not rest on the lot of the godly : shewing vs that no temptation shall come to vs , but we shall haue either strength to beare it , or else the Lord will remoue the force of it : so that if he remoue the violent force of it , we shall neede but little strength to beare it ; if our trouble be great , the Lord will giue vs great strength . Neither ( as some doe ) doth the man of God vse forgerie for forgerie , and deceit for deceit , but staieth himselfe onely and wholy vpon prayer . For Gods children haue no such spirit as the worldlings haue , who for the most part requite euil for euil , subtiltie with subtiltie , euill language with euill language : but by prayer onely they labour for helpe at Gods hand . We haue heard , that insomuch as he protesteth to keepe the testimonies of the Lord , he meaneth that he will more throughly keepe them than before . We haue further learned , that it is our corruption to be godly in time of trouble , but afterward the case with vs is altered . Wherefore our godlines then is to be suspected , and he is very vngodly , that at such times will not be godly . But herein is the difference betweene the regenerate and vnregenerate , that the regenerate after their visitations are more godly , after sicknes they haue a greater zeale , after their deliuerance a further care of glorifying God , which is nothing with the vnregenerate . Now , seeing the Lord hath heaped benefit vpon benefit , yeare after yeare , mercy vpon mercy , whether hath God wonne some speciall glorie , or our br●thren some speciall benefit by vs or no ? And as the Lord heard the mones of his Martyrs , their teares and their blood , and gaue them mercy : so let vs feare , least our sinnes crie for vengeance vnto him . All afflictions of themselues are tags of Gods vengeance , yet being sanctified in Christ to God his children , they be turned into blessings , as all outward blessings , not blessed of God , are turned to curses to the wicked . For as sicknes and aduersitie , by the Lord sanctifying them , are turned to blessings to Gods children : so health , peace , and prosperitie , are turned to ill to the vngodly , because of their abuse . Vers. 135. Shew the light of thy countenance vpon thy seruant , and teach me thy statutes . VNtill his deliuerance came , the Prophet of God prayeth to be taught in the statutes of the Lord , whereby he might learne to behaue himselfe well in the time of trouble . For affliction is so violent a storme , and carrieth away a man so headlong , that vnlesse the Lord guide vs , we may soone take hurt . But what desire we most ? If we in sicknes delight most in the sweete face and gratious countenance of the Lord , it is happinesse : if not , we are truely in miserie . For this is the cause why many goe from euill to worse in their trouble , and become so dull , because they neuer pray to see the cause of their affliction , and that they might profit thereby . The sense of the man of God is : If Lord , thou wilt deliuer me , I shall obey thee more ; if not , Lord giue me strength to glorifie thee by patience . Away then with the violence of flesh and blood , which maketh vs to some out these and such like speeches : Who could away with such pangs as I suffer ? who could suffer such paines as I am in ? Surely euen they that pray to God to profit by them , they haue Gods spirit : as for the wicked they cannot profit thereby . If then we be deliuered out of aduersitie , we must obey the word ; if not , we must craue wisedome to see the will of God , constancie to abide in it , patience meekely and thankfully to suffer whatsoeuer the Lord shall lay vpon vs. I care not ( saith the man of God ) so much for my libertie , as I might thereby praise thy name , and obey thy commandements . This is an vsuall thing in the booke of God , to pray for the Lords countenance : Psal. 4 6. Many say , who will shew vs any good ? but Lord , lift thou vp the light of thy countenance vpon vs. And Psal. 67. 1. God be mercifull vnto vs , and blesse vs , and sh●w vs the light of his countenance , and be mercifull vnto vs. And Psal. 80. 3. 7. 19 Turne vs againe , O God , and cause thy face to shine , that we may be saued . This verse is read three times in this Psalme , which sheweth v● that this ought to be the summe , the heape , and the chiefe of all our requests , namely , that in what estate soeuer we are , we may be assured that we haue the testimonie of Gods fauour ; if we be in affliction , that the Lord is not angrie with vs ; if we be in prosperitie ( because the Sunne shineth on the iust and vniust ) that we may see withall the mercies of God , and his louing fauour in Christ giuen vnto vs. We see where Gods spirit is , there we are thankfull in prosperitie and patient in aduersitie : where God his spirit is not , there we are proud in prosperity , and murmurers in aduersitie . Many ( saith the Prophet , Psal. 4. 6. ) say , who will shew vs any good ? See how the man of God setteth downe the tearmes of his companions , and sheweth how he coueted only Gods louing countenance . The sicke desire health , the imprisoned libertie , the poore desire riches : but few desire Gods countenance in the forgiuenes of sinne , in the beholding of vs in Christ , in giuing the graces of his holy spirit , which are the pledges of his loue . Many worlds are nothing worth : it is a good heart which the Lord requireth . Sanctification , holines , and the blessing of Gods spirit are true riches , which we must craue and obtaine with sighs , grones , and teares . For if we can sigh , if we can grone , if we can sorrow , when we are but in sicknes of body , or some outward calamitie ; what a shame is it , if we cannot sigh , sorrow , and grone for the inward wants and necessities of the soule ? But if men knew what it were to haue the inward peace of conscience , which passeth all vnderstanding , they would surely desire it more . That I might keepe thy statutes . So , many would haue Gods fauour to shine vnto them in libertie , in health , or in riches : but he craueth God his fauour in his word , which if we can get , let the Lord deale with other things , which concerne vs , as pleaseth him best , Will we know then when we haue a true loue to God his word ? It is when we especially desire it , and nothing aboue it . For as the greatest light that euer came to the world is the light of the Sunne : so the most precious thing that can come to the world , is the light of Gods word , that we may see the light in God his light , and behold the countenance of the Lord : Otherwise , if we be in prosperitie , we will thinke our selues to be well ; when we are in aduersitie , we thinke our selues ill Here we may see , that as there is cleerenes when the Sunne shineth , and that there is darknesse in the mists and cloudinesse ; so there is a vicissitude of Gods children , whilest sometime their vnderstanding is cleered by the comfort of the word , other sometimes it is darkened by the mists of ignorance ; which commeth to passe , that we might the more reuerently and louingly esteeme the word . For as the Lord hath the dispensation of the Sunne in heauen , so hath he the disposing of his countenance to vs on earth . Vers. 136. Mine eyes gush out with riuers of water , because they keepe not thy Law. MIne eyes gush out with water : He doth here shew a cause why he did so earnestly pray for Gods louing countenance in his word ; for he was greatly grieued , and sore afflicted , and trouble compassed him on euery side . The speech is not a false or fained speech , but such as sheweth the greatnes of his griefe , by that which is greater : and it is as much as if he had said , I weepe bitterly and often , because men keepe not thy Law. And this is the note of true zeale , which easeth it selfe with teares , and not with reuenge or anger : and this is godly zeale , when we cannot helpe a thing , then by teares to commit it to God , who alone is able to saue men . This was not for priuate iniurie , but because Gods law is broken . This then is true zeale , when we can deuoure priuate iniuries , & be zealous in Gods cause : for fleshly men are hot in their owne causes , and cold in the cause of the Lord. A man cannot thus be sorrowfull for another , vnlesse he be sorrowfull for himselfe ; and then are we truely sorrowfull for our selues , when we can mourne for others . As Marie loued much , and therefore wept much , because much was forgiuen her . And hereof it commeth , that most notorious sinners , being conuerted , are most truely zealous , & haue greatest compassion ouer sinners ; for they haue felt Gods goodnes so greatly to them , that they desire that others should be partakers thereof . As Panl more zealous than the rest , because more notorious than the rest of the Apostles . PORTION . 18. TSADDE . Vers. 137. Righteous art thou O Lord , and iust are thy iudgements . AS in the latter end of the former Portion , the Prophet shewed , that his eyes gusht out with riuers of waters , because of the generall backsliding and falling to iniquitie ; so here he sheweth , that he had almost pined away , and consumed to nothing , to see the ripenes of iniquities in them , which were his enemies . And whereas this might haue beene a great temptation , that notwithstanding there were made so many promises to the godly , and such iudgements threatned to the wicked ; yet the godly sustained so hard things , and the wicked were in so good a case , he confirmeth his faith , by staying his whole confidence on God , and trusteth in God , because he is righteous , and acknowledgeth him to be a righteous God , because euery part of his word is righteous , and whatsoeuer the Lord hath said , either concerning his promises to his seruants , or threatnings to his enemies , is most iust and true . The selfe same must also stay vs , when we are in the like temptations , when we shall be counted as precise fooles , and vnquiet spirits , because we weepe and lament for the sinnes of others ; or when we , seeing the wicked liue in such pleasures , begin to maruell how it commeth to passe , that the godly are so ill dealt withall , and when the godly liue with teares , and the vngodly passe their time in ioy . Wherefore the man of God raiseth vp himselfe with this meditation : howsoeuer those things seeme to be confounded & cast together , yet thou ô Lord , art God , and gouernest all : thou art a righteous God , and thy iudgements are righteous ; yea euery word of thy word ô Lord is righteous and true ; thy promises which in time thou shalt performe , will not fall away ; nor thy iudgements which thou wilt one day execute , shall not faile . Behold how we also must strengthen our faith in the like assaults . This was a notable example of faith , which so yeelded to the due obedience of the word of God , for our instruction : when we are in such distresse , our eyes must not be set on any visible or earthly things , but onely on things inuisible and heauenly , euen on the word of God , on his promises , which he wil performe ; on his iustice , which he will execute : we must I say haue our eyes lifted vp further than the scope of heauen , and the circuites of the Sunne ; we must looke to heauen , where Gods promises shall be fully performed and accomplished ; we must looke to hell , where his iudgements shall be finished & fully executed . For though both Gods promises may on earth be performed , and his vengeance may here be executed ; yet all his promises are not shewed to any , nor many of them shewed to all , but there may be some wanting of them ; and the wicked may haue a great torment of minde , and hell of conscience , and yet all haue them not , neither haue any all , because many are glorious in their life , and pompous in their death . What then shall we say to this , but with the Prophet , Righteous art thou ô Lord , and righteous are thy iudgements . Although then the promises of God are not at all times by and by performed , nor his iudgements presently executed ; but the godly do often grone vnder miseries , and the vngodly wallow in their delights ; yet the Lord after death will shew , that he is righteous , when he wil erect & magnifie his iustice before his glorious throne . This thing appeareth to be manifest , by that historie Luke 16. of the rich man and Lazarus , who ( that the Lord might make knowne his iustice ( died both together : but as their life was altogether diuers , so their death did altogether differ . For the rich man liued delicately , and fared daintily ; but Lazarus lying sore and hungrie at his gate , found more courtesie at his dogs , which licked him , than at his hands which should haue relieued him . Well , when they were both dead , it is said , that the rich man being in hell in torments , lifting vp his eyes , and seeing Lazarus a farre oft in Abrahams bosome , cried , Father Abraham , send Lazarus , that he may dip the tip of his finger in water , and coole his tongue : but Abraham answered , Thou art far deceiued and disappointed , my sonne , the places are far distant between thee and vs , so that the inhabitants must keep their places . And my son , cōsider of the equity of Gods iustice herein , for thou in thy life time didst liue in health , in pleasure and prosperitie , and didst not glorifie God thereby , therefore it is meet and right with God , that thou shouldest now haue paine and torments ; and this man hauing pouertie , sicknesse and miserie , desired Gods glorie : wherefore it standeth with the righteous promise of the Lord , that he should now receiue ioy & comfort . So Christ also teacheth vs , though at the first , the Lord regardeth not all good at the 〈…〉 , yet he that rewardeth one , will reward all ; and he that punisheth one , will surely in time punish all , either here or in some other ; place either now or at some other time . We must then be content to haue our liues hidden in Christ , that it may appeare with Christ at his cōming . Now as this doctrine seemeth profitable for comfort , so is it necessarie also for terrour . For if a man shall lie in sinne , and yet through impunitie , because neither the hand of God is vpon him , nor the authoritie of the Magistrate taketh hold on him , shall not repent : and because as the wise man saith , Eccles. 8. 11. Sentence against an euill worke is not executed speedily , therefore the heart of the children of men is fully set in them to doe euill ; as we may see in profane persons , in abusers of the name of God , in breakers of the Sabbath , in disobedient persons , murderers , adulterers , theeues , and back biters : let him beware , and not flatter himselfe in iniquitie ; and though God doth not , at the very instant , when sinne is committed , punish all , nor the Magistrate presently apprehend all ; if a man begin to be hot , and would haue all men like himselfe , and is offended because there is no present execution of iudgement , yet God is righteous , he will not iustifie the sinner , but he hath his fierce wrath , vengeance & indignation laid vp in store to fal suddenly & fearefully vpon the vngodly . For assure thy selfe , ô man , whosoeuer thou art , he that hath said , that no whoremonger , nor adulterer , nor couetous person shall enter into the kingdome of heauen , and he that hath promised in this life , to trie those that be his , will surely , if thou be the child of God , punish thee here , that thou mayest not be condemned with the wicked ; if thou be not , he will both in this life , and in the world to come plague thee eternally . If thou art not presently punished for thy sinnes , the Lord calleth thee to repentance ; if that will not serue , the Lord will vndoubtedly breake thy necke , and presse thee downe with further iudgements . Thus we see , how needfull it is to vrge this doctrine to the abusers of the Lords long suffring , and contemners of his righteous iudgements . Psal. 89. the man of God sheweth , that albeit the Lord had made a couenant of mercy with his people , yet if their children did forsake his lawes , and walke not in his iudgements , if they did breake his statutes , and kept not his commandements ; he would 32. visit their transgression with the rod , and their iniquitie with strokes . And surely , if we will not be remoued by the word calling vs from our securitie , we shall taste indeed of the Lords heauie scourges and fearefull strokes . Wherefore in time let vs humble our selues vnder the louing hand of God , & learne to deny our selues . Vers. 138. Thou hast commanded iustice by thy testimonies and truth especially . HE sheweth that in all the holy writings , the Lord had set downe speciall mercies and speciall iudgements , and that the iustice and truth which the Lord hath taught in his word is a speciall iustice , and a speciall truth , and euery part thereof is iust and true , yea and if there could be degrees therein , they are most iust and most true according to that Psal. 19. 9. The iudgements of the Lord are true and righteous altogether . So that without exception , all the threatnings of the Lord are iust , and all his promises true . Sure it is then , that he will performe his wrath threatned , and fulfill his couenants promised , for there is nothing in the word , which is not truth and iustice it selfe . Thus we must learne when we are in trouble , to looke to God his word , and to knowe that euery title thereof is righteous and true , and though heauen and earth doe passe , yet not one io● of it shall faile . This is necessarie for vs to beleeue , for from hence springeth faith . Wherefore the Prophet seeing that this would hardly be beleeued , and that euen Gods children sometime , are slacke in faith , hope and loue , and are not so soone perswaded that euery man must performe this , but rather that it was a speciall thing : the Prophet ( I say ) reciteth this word fiue times in the compasse of eight verses , being but one portion . So much doth he shew incredulitie to raigne in Gods children , and declareth it the more vehemently because the wicked will not be brought to beleeue this . For what is the cause of sinne , either in failing of doing those things which are to be done , or in failing to doe those things , which ought not to be done , in omitting of good things or committing of euill , but onely incredulitie ? Could we beleeue the word of God ? Oh happie were we ! can we not beleeue ? oh cursed are we ! We shall see , as the wicked in all things , so Gods children in many things discredit the word of God : as the wicked beleeue not at all ; so the godly beleeue but in part , & see but in a glasse . And doubtlesse they want the comfort which they should haue , in that although they consent generally to the truth , yet when they come to particulars , they reason this with themselues : How can this be ? by what meanes possible should this be so ? and therefore the Lord suffereth them to miscarrie in iudgement , and punisheth them in their affections . Thus we see , how the man of God doth strengthen him and vs by faith , in beleeuing that God is righteous , and his iudgements to be righteous , and that euery part of them is most righteous , iust , and true : wherefore our Sauiour Christ in his holy Gospell vseth so often , Doest thou beleeue ? beleeue and thou shalt be made whole : according to thy faith be it done vnto thee : which he doth to shew vs our incredulitie . Wherefore we must pray , Lord , I beleeue , helpe my vnbeleefe : Lord increase my faith , that beleeuing thy iudgements , I may feare thee ; beleeuing thy mercies & promises , I may be comforted ; beleeuing the things thou commandest , I may do them ; beleeuing the things which thou forbiddest , I may auoide them . Verse . 139. My zeale hath euen consumed me , because mine enemies haue forgotten thy word . LEt vs here trie our faith , which perswade our selues to haue such faith , behold here is a triall . True it is , that to all is not giuen the like measure of faith : vnto some are giuen tenne talents , vnto some fiue , vnto some two : neither haue all grounds like measure of seede , nor render againe like measure of increase : for some ground according as it hath receiued , bringeth fourth one an hundreth fold , some sixtie , some thirtie fold , according to the good wil and wisedome of our God. Neither must we thinke that it is required of vs , that we cannot otherwise be faithfull and zealous , vnlesse we euen consume away , or our eyes gush out with riuers of waters : for we must not thinke that it was so in the Prophet himselfe , as though riuers of teares were in his head , or that he was vtterly pined away : but rather they are figuratiue speeches , to shew some rare zeale , and notable kinde of sorrowing in him . Now whatsoeuer exhortation is to be drawne from hence , it will little auaile vs , vnlesse we beleeue that there is no one thing here in this Psalme , but in some measure it is to be performed of euery Christian. For politike men cānot profit by such things , because they doe not thinke that it containeth any generall doctrine , but rather that it is a particular doctrine . But seeing this Psalme is the type and image of a regenerate man , and no one treatise so fully and wholie ( though peraduenture some whole booke may doe it ) expresseth the same ; and yet so , that neither the man of God as with a trumpet doth blow forth his owne praise , nor womanishly painteth fourth his owne miseries by moanes and complaints ; but aduanceth Gods glorie , and putteth vs in minde , what graces of God should be in vs , and humbleth himselfe and sheweth vs what infirmities raigne in vs. What then ( will some say ) meane these speeches ? My soule fainteth , mine eyes failed , mine heart breaketh , my soule cleaueth to the ground ; my soule melteth , mine eyes gush out with riuers of water . What ( say they ) appertaineth it to vs , that he saith : Seuen times a day doe I praise thee , I preuented the morning light and cried : mine eyes preuented the night watches : I opened my mouth and panted : how sweete are thy promises to my mouth ; yea more than honey vnto my mouth : I am like a bottle in the smoke , I haue remembred thy name in the night : the law of thy 〈…〉 better vnto me , than thousands of gold and siluer ; I haue had as great delight in thy ●estim●●i●s as in all manner of riches ; I loue thy commundements aboue gold , yea aboue most fine gold : ● r●●oyce at thy word , as one that findeth a great spoyle : These were extraordinarie things , and we haue not to deale with them . To answere these we may see the same doctrine in other persons , and in other places of the booke of God. Iob. 33. Elihu there declareth , that the Lord speaketh diuers times vnto men , but they see it not ; if they profit not by the word , he sendeth them afflictions ; if they profit not thereby , he will send one among a thousand to shew his mercies vnto them . Psal. 14. God speaketh once or twice and one seeth it not , &c. 23. If there be a messenger with him or an interpreter , one of a thousand to declare vnto m●n his righteousnes , then will he haue mercie vpon him , and will say , Deliuer him , that he goe not downe into the pit ; for I haue receiued a reconciliation , then shall his flesh be as fresh as a childs , and shall returne as in the daies of his youth . And though the Lord punished not grosse sinnes in Iob , yet he punished incredulitie , impatience , selfe-loue & vaine glorie in him ; for though Iob were a good man , yet he stood in some neede of greater mortification . The Apostle Paul sheweth , that the wrath of God should fall on the Corinthians , if they presumed without due examination of themselues to eate the body and blood of Christ , & that from thence came sudden deaths , and vnnaturall deaths , languishing and pining diseases . 1. Cor. 11. For this cause ( saith the Apostle ) many are weake and sicke among you , and many sleepe , for if we would iudge our selues we should not be iudged : So he speaketh this of the Corinthians , which were learned men ; who had great knowledge and excelled in many good gifts , as he himselfe reporteth of them , and yet he sheweth them this truth . Neither do these things especially and onely come for sinne , but more particularly for the trying of faith , prouing and perfecting of patience , although afterward it may be , for punishing of sins by degrees ( for euen in the triall of faith , and prouing of patience , is also a secret punishing of sin . ) Wherefore we must not suffer for a while , but euen to the shedding of our blood and spending of our liues , as witnesseth the author to the Heb. chap. 12. where the Apostle hauing set down in the chapter going before a register of the fathers in the old Church , and of their workes , ( whereof some may also seeme to be extraordinarie , although indeed they be alleaged but as fruites of their faith ) inferreth in the 12. chapter this exhortation , Heb. 12 1. Wherefore let vs also , seeing that we are compassed with so great a cloude of witnesses , cast away euery thing that presseth downe , let vs runne with patience the race that is set before vs ; 2. looking vnto Iesus the author and finisher of our faith : Who for the ioy that was set before him , endured the crosse , and despised the shame , &c. 4. Ye haue not yet resisted vnto blood , striuing against sinne , and ye haue forgotten the consolation , which speaketh vnto you as vnto children , &c. Here the Lord sheweth the faith and gifts of his Saints , declaring that he would bestow on vs the like graces according to that proportion which he thinketh good In that they are called witnesses , it was because they gaue witnesse to the truth of Gods promises , and to shew how the Lord would enable sinfull flesh , thus to beleeue , and thus to doe . And marke here the wisedome of the spirit of God , setting down the strength of his Saints ; for flesh & blood might haue obiected : what tell you vs of these extraordinarie and priuiledged men ? but behold , he calleth them ( as we said before ) witnesses , testifying that if we would call for , and craue the like graces , we should receiue them sufficiently : then he biddeth vs to looke to Christ the author and finisher of our faith . For what were they ? this is he from whom al the Fathers receiued their strength . Striue ( saith he ) death is not yet come , ye haue not resisted vnto blood . What ? must euery man be a m●rtyr ? no , the meaning of the holy Ghost is , that though we haue suffered the scoffing of the wicked , the hissing , the nodding of the head , the mocking of the people ; yet it is not sufficient , if the Lord will haue vs also for his sake imprisoned , our blood shed , and though he giue vs no remission , yet we must not faint herein , but euen offer our liues to the Lords pleasure also . What can seeme more rare in this man of God his faith , than his notable diligence and delight which he had in the word , in that ( as we shewed before ) he preuented the morning light , and the euening watches with his meditations ? But shall we not finde this commended vnto vs in other places of the Scriptures ? that we might also in some measure seek these practises in our selues . Looke Prouer. 2 1. My sonne , if thou wi●t receiue my 〈…〉 , and hide my commandements ●it●●● t●●e , &c. 4. If th●se seekest wisedome , ●● sil●●● , ●●● se●r●h●●● for her as for treasure , 5. Then shalt thou vnderstand the feare of the Lord , and finde the knowledge of God. And Psalme 19. 10. The iudg●●e●t● of the Lord are more to be desired than gold , y●a than much fine gold : what doe we now see here in this man of God , which the Scriptures doe not teach vs in other places ? So that here is set down but a patterne of practise of things taught in the word ; and why doth the man of God set downe himselfe here as a type to be followed ? surely to shew that like as he was a man subiect to the like affections that we are : so we may labour for the like graces as he had . And if we will be like vnto him in his sinnes , why should we not be like vnto him in his graces ? And as albeit we are not like vnto him in his greatest sins , and yet in some sins ; so must we though no● in the highest measure of his graces , yet in some proportion of his graces be like also vnto him . It may also seeme extraordinary in him , that he was wiser than his enemies , wiser than his teachers , wiser than the aged : but we must know this also appertaineth to vs , because in shewing his reason , how he obtained this grace , he alleageth not the cause to be any extraordinarie or new reuelations , but that he attained through the word : for he was wiser than his enemies , in that he opposed not subtiltie with subtiltie , craft with craft , forgerie with forgerie , and in all his assaires asked not counsell of flesh and blood , but of the word , as he also testifieth of himselfe , Port. 3. 7. 8. vers . Princes also ●id sit and speake against me , but thy seruant did moditate in thy statutes : Also , thy testimonies are my delight and my counsellers . As if he should say , when the mightie states vsed their policie and wisedome against me , though I had an heau●e heart , yet I asked counsaile of thy word . Likewise , Port. 21. 1. Princes haue persecuted me without cause , but mine heart stood in awe of thy word : That is , the great men persecuted me , I durst not striue with them in policie , for so I was afraid I should haue sinned against thee ; but rested in thy word , and then I gate as great victorie , as they which get spoyles . We see now , whosoeuer ( as Saint Iames exhorteth vs ) shall aske wisedome , when he wanteth it , of the Lord and of his word , shall with Dauid be wiser than his enemies ; not that we must imagine him so to be in all his particular actions , but that he excelled them in as great measure as might be , by giuing himselfe to be gouerned by the word . Is this then proper to the dearest Saints of God alone ? No , for Moses the man of God faith , Deut. 4. 6. Onely this people is wise , and of vnderstanding . He speaketh not of the rarest Iewes , and of the Magistrates alone , but of the common people , and telleth them , if they wanted wisedome , the Lord was at hand to teach them . And so the meanest people by the word of God were wiser than the mightie Princes , and the great Princes were more doltish than the common people , when they asked not counsel of the Lord. The promise which our Sauiour Christ vseth , Matth. 10. 19. When they deliuer you vp , take no thought how not what yee shall speake , for it shall be giuen you in that houre what yee shall say . This promise is not made onely to the Euangelists , Apostles , Disciples , Doctors or Magistrates ; but to all whomsoeuer the Lord shall call , to giue such testimonie of his name . And we know by experience , how this was not onely performed in the Primitiue Church , but also in the deare Saints and Marryrs of God of late memorie in Queene Maries raigne , who did striue against sinne , to the shedding of their blood ; who all as we see , were wiser than their enemies . Neither was there any other cause , why he was wiser than his teachers , but that by meditation he not resting in the booke cases and generall doctrine of his teachers , applied their generall rules to his particular state . Likewise we , if we doe not stay our selues in the generall things , which we heare or reade ; but bring the generall things into particulars , singulars and practises , shall be wiser , though happily not learneder , than our teachers . Thirdly , he was wiser than the ancient , in that they made shipwracke of faith , and of a good conscience , notwithstanding their knowledge : whereas he laboured to bring his good learning to good liuing , and his knowledge to a good conscience . We see at this day , how old ancient Protestants grow not in spirituall vnderstanding , because they put not in practise the things which they haue knowne . On the other side , we are not to goe farre , but may obserue in our age , how young men , vnto whom the Lord hath made old men as glasses & examples of our infirmities least they fal , comming with 〈◊〉 & ●el●●e to practise t●at which they ●●●te , are 〈…〉 and are more able to i●●truct the ignorant , & to comfort them that 〈…〉 the age● ▪ W●●●o●er then will labour to bring the rules into life which h●e 〈…〉 y p●ec●●ts he shall be at the l●a●t wi●er , if not more learned , than the auncient 〈…〉 es . M●z al●●●th ●uen co●●um●● me , &c. This among the rest ●ight 〈…〉 more proper and peculiar to the Prophet : but it is ( is wee haue declared ) an ex 〈…〉 much vsed of the learned to expresse some matter of importance , and ●he 〈…〉 in a false or light matter , may bee an vntollerable lie . As then is meant by 〈…〉 of 〈◊〉 gu●●ing out of his eyes , a ●●edding of many teares , and his co●s●ming ●●●● with 〈…〉 ▪ his earnest aff●ction : so wee must labour to finde these exerc●ses in ●● according to that measure and proportion , which the Lord for his glorie shall vouch 〈…〉 vs. We reade also Psal. 69. ● ▪ The zeale of thine house hath euen me , a●● 〈…〉 rebuked th●e , are fallen vpon ●● . The Prophet here sheweth , how he was ●● much tormented for these things , whereby Gods glorie was e●p●yre● , as if he had been ●a●en with infam●● himselfe . This we see maketh as wel● for our imitation as for our instruction . The selfe same thing is repeated Rom. 15. The rebuke of them that rebuked th●e , &c. where the Apostle inferreth this exhortation , Let the same mind ▪ be in you which ●as i● C●r●● ▪ &c. as if he should ●●● ; you must knowe , that the selfesame affection , though not in the selfe-same measure ▪ ●r●u●●●e in you , which was in Christ or in Da●i● : for as Christ had ●●●●●●fi●●te measure , and Dauid in great abundance , that must you also haue in ●o●e measure . This ●as ●●d●e●●ered●●arie to Iesus Christ , and to Dauid●ene●iciarie ●ene●iciarie , and that which Dauid speaketh of actiuely , as well done of himselfe or of Christ , that the Apostle speaketh of passiuely ▪ as ●e requireth ●t to be done of others . For as Dauid did suffer t●●●●i●●ies , reproches , and ●g●o●in●es which came to Gods name , as his owne : so Paul speaketh passiuely , wisheth that wee should suffer these things with Christ , euen as though wee our selues had done the iniuries ▪ ●e●ciue● the reproches , or were guiltie of the igno●i●es . But wee must alwaies shew our selues gu●●t●e●● ▪ in vsing all meanes to set foorth Gods glorie , and in be 〈…〉 of the people with t●ares and with prayer . Notable is that place , Ezech. 9. 4 ▪ where the Lord speaketh to the man clothed with linnen , ●●●en had the writers in●khorne , saying : Goe through the ●●●● of the 〈…〉 en through the most of Ierusalem and ●●●● marke vpon the f●●e● e●a●s o● th●● that 〈◊〉 and are sorrowfull for all the abominations that are done in the m●ast thereof . But the other was commanded to follow after , and to destroy euery mothers sonne of them which mourned not . This then is no st●●●ge thing when Gods glorie and image is defaced , to be grieued as much as if it were for ourselues . 1. Cor. 5 the Apostle rebuketh the Co●●nt●ians , because they rested and reioyced at the sinne committed amongst them , contrarie to the rule of loue , which willeth vs not ●o●●i● y●e i● inu●●●●● , and telleth them that they had not mourned , and sheweth how they had ●a●●hed at him , when they should rather haue mourned . Where hee declareth in his owne example , who was so grieued , that where he had preached the Gospel , one should fall into so great a sinne , how all faithfull Ministers , godly Magistrates , and Christian householders may and ought to mourne , when some of the cha●ge cō●ite● to them , fall into some ●●torious sinne . And though for a while he was sorrowful that he had made them so heauie , yet afterward 2. Cor 7. he telleth them that he was not sorie : For ( faith he ) though I mad ▪ you sorrowfull , I repent not : for behold this thing , th●t y●●aue beene godly sorrowfull , what great t●are it hath wrought in you ? yea what ●l●a●ing of our selues ? yea , what indignation ? yea what feare ? yea what great desire ? yea what a zeale ? yea w●a● p●●ishm●nt ? In all thing you haue shewed yourselues ▪ that yee are pure in this matter . As if he● sh●uld say ; Before ye reioiced ▪ and then were ye guilty of his blood : but now that ye haue ●ourne● and prayed for him , it shall not be laid to your charge . Thus we see the Church was not cleere , vntill they had mourned for this one mans sinne ; no more was the whole ar●ie of the Israelites , vntill they had humbled themselues in prayer and fasting for the sinne of A ●●● . Wherefore euery man must labour in some measure , to finde the same affection in himselfe which was in Christ , that we may differ from the hypocrites , who esteeme their owne credit more than the credit of the word . So that wee alwaies remember this to bee a propertie of true zeale , that as we are zealous against the sinne , so we must haue a comm●tation of the person , as knowing that wee our selues may fall into the like offence . Well , to goe forward , we see how this verse is inferred after them that goe before . For hauing shewed that the Lord was righteous , and that his iudgements were righteous , and that euery part of his testimonies contained speciall Truths , this was the thing that made him so to loue the word , and louing it to haue so feruent a zeale vnto it . His meaning then is thus much : Seeing the word of God hath in it such exquisite goodnes , such wonderfull truth , such rare perfection , such Eternitie , such efficacie , that in the time of trouble , when all other comforts forsake a man , this will bee a speciall comfort to him , and giueth euen life to a man halfe dead , and without it I see a man is but as a beast . I cannot but loue , and beare an heartie zeale vnto it , and when I enter into the consideration hereof , I am euen pined away , and griefe euen eateth me vp , when I see it is not esteemed , and that the worde of God can haue no more honour . And seeing the word of God was so exquisite , so vnchangeable , so glorious , and so comfortable , what a griefe was it to the man of God , that men should be so carried away , some to the pleasures of the flesh , some to the profit of the world , some to vaine superstitions , and in the meane time the Word little regarded . This was it that pricked him at the heart , this touched him at the quicke . He teacheth vs then thus much : If the glorie of God be deare to vs , the contempt of it will surely grieue vs : if the saluation of our brethren bee precious to vs , wee will be grieued for the contrarie . Now let vs see what true zeale is . I finde here the Tractate of Zeale , 2. part was last to bee inlarged , and therefore ( good Reader ) I would not depriue thee of this benefit . Hebr. 10. 27 The nature of it is set downe , where the Apostle heauily threatneth them , that willingly giue ouer themselues to sinne , and there is named in the proper tongue , the zeale of fire . For as fire is not without it heate , but oft bursteth forth into a flame : so zeale is hote , and cannot long be held in . It is described also by contraries , Reuel ▪ 3. where the holie Ghost reproueth the church of Laodicea , because they were neither hot nor cold , but lukewarme , such as the Lord would spue out of his mouth : and afterward is added , bee zealous & amend . Where we see how zeale is opposed to luke-warmnes , which is too temperate a warmenes for the profession of the Gospell . Wee must not then onely renounce coldnes farre from vs , and put away lukewarmnes , but wee must be very hote and feruent in the profession of the truth . Againe , 1. Cor. 14. 1. that which our common translation hath , Follow after loue , & couet gifts , but especially prophecie : the naturall Text hath , bee zealous after the more excellent gifts ▪ And Rom. 12. Be feruent to the spirit , that is , let Gods spirit inkindle in you a fire , which may cause you to flame with a zeale of Gods glorie , and with a loue of mankinde . Now there are diuers kinds of zeale : there is a zeale of the world , there is a zeale of the flesh ; there is a zeale of false religion ; there is a zeale of heresie , and there is a zeale of the true word of God. First , wee see the zeale of the world maketh men to labour day and night to get a transitorie thing . The zeale of the flesh tormenteth mens minds early and late for a momentarie pleasure . The zeale of heresie maketh men trauaile and compasse Sea and Land , for the maintaining and increasing of theis opinion . Thus wee see euery man is eaten with some kinde of zeale . The drunkard is consumed with drunkennes , the whoremonger is spent with his whoredome , the Heretike is eaten with heresies : oh how ought this to make vs ashamed , who are so little eaten , spent , & consumed , with the zeale of the word ! And so much the rather , because godlie zeale leaueth in vs an aduantage , and a recompence , which the worldlie and carnallie zealous men haue not . For when they haue spent all the strength of their bodies , and powers of their minde , they haue no gaine , nor comfort left , but torment of conscience ; and when they are outwardly spent , they are inwardly neuer the better : whereas the godly being consumed for a good thing , and eaten vp with the zeale of Gods glorie , haue this notable priuiledge and profite , that howsoeuer their outward man perisheth and decayeth , yet their inward man is still refreshed and nourished to euerlasting life . Oh what a benefit it is to bee eaten with the loue and zeale of a good thing . Leauing now the carnall and worldly zeale , wee know how zealous Idolaters were , that they would euen offer their children in the fire . We know the zeale of the Iewes , Math. 13. who would compasse Sea and Land to make a man a Proselyte . Heretikes , as we see , spare no labour , and let not for a●●e cost to maintaine their Heresies : but these are not good . The true zeale is that whereof the Apostle speaketh , 1. Cor. 11. I am iealous ouer you with an holie jealousie . Rom : 10. the Apostle ●aith , the Iewes had the zeale of God , but not according to knowledge . Wherefore to shewe some properties of true zeale , whereby we may trye our selues , let vs first know that our zeale must be grounded on knowledge : for otherwise it will carrie vs further to destruction , as it did them who oppre●●ed the truth , and persecuted the deare seruants of God , and yet thought that they did well . Wherefore in true zeale it is requisite , to haue knowledge going before . Wee see the zeale of the Prophet did arise here of the contempt of the law of God. For seeing it to be ●o exquisite , perfit , euerlasting , powerfull , & comfortable , it is a manifest argument that he was well grounded on the word . This zeale then ( that we may the lesse be deceiued with the contrary ) hath these few rules : first , as we haue already said , it must be agreeable wholy with the word of God , to begin where it beginneth to end , where it endeth . Therefore we may thus trie our true zeale : If first , and especially , wee make conscience of the principall matters of the word , as of prayer , of the Sacraments , of discipline , of charitie : and then of the lesse things that are commaunded , if wee will doe them ; if anie be forbidden , wee also auoide them , yet euer tollerating through loue , little things , as they that would not trouble the Church of God ▪ Wherefore the Apostle saith , 1. Cor. 11. 1. 10. If anie man lust to be contentious , we haue no such custome , neither the Churches of God : as if he should say , If any man will striue about matters of lesse importance , wee , according to the order of the Church , will not striue with them , but rather will beare many things in loue , and yet so , as still we vse this caueat , That we account nothing small or little which is Gods word . This doctrine may be manifested by familiar examples . If a man shall steale things of great weight , or some great summe of money , which deserueth hanging , and the cutting off of life , we will abhorre him : but when it cōmeth out that they may ●eale lesse things , as wood , and corne , and that not of necessitie , but euen of greedinesse of minde , thinking it not to be subiect to so high a punishment , they will make no conscience of it . But if Adam was cast out of Paradise for the biting of an apple , wee must not thinke any thing that the word commaundeth or forbiddeth to be little , or that the doing or not doing is but a trifling sinne , least that through the iust iudgements of God , we falling by little and little by degrees , fall into great & monstrous sinnes . And as this is in life , so is it much more in the worship of God. It is a great fault that wee will make a scruple in matters of small importance , and will not sticke to be dissolute in things of greater weight . Indeed it must needs be confessed , that our grand zeale must be in great things , and yet wee must not lightly esteeme of any thing in the glorious word of God. The second rule of true zeale is , that wee must looke to the things which are within , as well as to the things which are without . This also our Sauiour Christ teacheth vs by reprehending the Pharisies , in telling them that they made cleane the outside of the platters , but left the inside foule : shewing , that their liues outwardly was without reproofe , but inwardly they were full of secret pride , disdaine , selfe-loue and hatred . Our zeale must beginne within , and in time appeare outwardly : and as we will not sinne outwardly , so we must be as loth to sinne inwardly . Wherefore here also are two things to be obserued : the first is , that we feare no more to do ill before men , then we do by our selues . For wee be giuen to be loth to be accounted ill , and yet make no such conscience to be ill : we see theeues , whores , and ill-do●rs are loth to bee so accounted , and yet in the meane season , if they can doe this secretly , they make no care of it . We outwardly are carefull to maintaine our credit , and to trauaile with our selues , yet secretly wee can commit sinne greedily . What is this but to be painted sepulchers , and dishes cleane without , but foule within ? Wherefore wee are to beware of this , and so much the rather , because the Lord hath plagued them that in outward shewe haue borne a great countenance of religion , whose liues priuily were filthie , whose cases and vizards when the Lord hath taken from them , and hath reuealed their corruptions , they haue appeared hypocrites . The second obseruation is , that we looke to the priuie corruptions of nature lurking in our hearts , which containe such a bottomlesse pit of corruption , that it is the special grace of Gods spirit , to gage them to the depth . Wee must therefore learne to search our hearts , for it is the fearefull iudgement of God , when we make no conscience of sinne secretly , to haue our sin breake forth publikely . As when we haue no care to pilfer secretly , we shall be brought to steale openly by the secret wrath of God : whereby also secret lusts , malice & hatred , nourished in the heart and affections are permitted to breake out in time euen into our outward actions . This is a plague to them , who rather would seeme to be , than in truth desire to be godly . Couetous men haue this propertie , that they rather would be rich than be accounted rich : such ought our affections to be , that we should indeede rather be godly , than desire to bee so accounted of . Let vs labour to doe well secretly , howsoeuer for a while it be hidden from the world , that God which seeth our doing in secret , will reward it openly , and in his good time will giue vs grace to doe well publikely . But peraduenture the wicked will say : what ground ? what intent ? what cause haue you to labour so much about the disclosing of the secret corruptions of our heart ? But yet alas they are ignorant of this , that because they know not the secret corruptions , they fall the more violently to grosse sinnes , and euery man shall trie this to be true in himselfe , that he that maketh conscience of his thoughts , will vndoubtedly make conscience of his words , and deedes ; and he that maketh no conscience of his thoughts , he may come to make no conscience of his words and deedes . Besides , he that beginneth to reforme his heart , hath this promise in the word , that he shall not be confounded , as Psal. 119. 6. Then shall I not bee confounded when I haue respect to all thy commandements . And Port. 10. 8. Let my heart be vpright in thy statutes , that I be not ashamed . Wherefore if wee will bee truly zealous , wee may adde another rule , that we haue none other end of our zeale , than how wee may glorifie our God ; whether it be in prosperitie , or aduersitie . This then is the third rule , that we keep a right course & tenour of zeale in both estates . We must especially look to that , wherunto we are most ready , that is , whether we be more zealous in prosperitie , and fall away in aduersitie ; or whether we are more feruent in affliction , and ouerwhelmed in abundance : whether by the one wee are not puft vp with securitie and secret pride ; or whether with the other we be not too farre humbled and abased . For many in time of peace are religious , who seeing persecution to followe the Gospell , slide backe and flie from it . Iobs wife whiles her husband was in prosperitie could worship God , and shew her selfe in outward things as zealous as Iob himselfe : but when affliction came , she was readie to curse God. We know in prosperous times , many were very forward in religion , who in time of trouble shrinked from the truth : some so long as they may haue credit by giuing countenance to the Gospell , goe farre ; but when discredit comes they will leaue all . But the Prophet saith , I am small and despised , yet doe I not forget thy word . O ther'on the contrarie part , so long as God exerciseth them with any crosse , are zealous professors , who being set aloft and comming once aboue , begin to be secure . We see many in time ●f their misery to be much humbled ; and whilest they want liuings and preferments , we see both preachers and people very godly , who when they haue gotten them some liuing , & obtained that which they sought for , haue their zeale choked . Do not many pray for the continuance of the peace of the Gospell , that they themselues might continue in peace and prosperitie ? Doe not many mourne in the aduersitie of the Gospell , because they mourne for their owne aduersitie ? Oh great corruption of our hearts ! Oh bottomles pit of hypocrisie ! If wee were ashamed that wee are no more grounded on the word , and that we can be no more holy and vpright in our hearts , surely the Lord would so gouerne vs , that hee would not suffer either prosperitie to quench and carrie away our zeale , to bee buried in the graue of securitie ; or aduersitie too much to dismay and discourage vs. This is then our triall herein : if when we are in greatest prosperitie , we can mourne with them that mourne in the Lord , and when wee are in greatest aduersitie , if wee can reioyce with them that reioyce in Christ. This is a sure token wee loue not the Gospell , nor fauour the word , because wee haue a loue to prosperitie ; neither are zealous to see the word conremned , because we haue an hatred of aduersitie . Daniel concerning outward things was an happie man as being neere to the Crowne : and yet when he saw the God of Israel his glorie to bee defaced , and an abominable Idoll to be erected , hee could content himselfe with nothing so much , as with weeping , fasting , and prayer . And Paul being in bonds for the testimonie of Iesus Christ , and concerning his outward man in a miserable case , reioyced greatly , and as it were reuiued , when hee heard that the Gospell prospered ; and howsoeuer hee was in bands , hee neuer felt them grieuous vnto him , for the ioy which he had , that the Gospell was at libertie . If this zeale were in vs , that the word of God were so exact , pure , and holy in our eyes , that when wee are most aloft , wee could be sorrowfull , if the word of God hath a fall ; and when wee were in our greatest downefull , yet we could bee glad that the word of God were set aloft : then surely we would labour to sanctifie the creatures of God which we vse , with the word and by prayer , and at the least giue the tenth part of the day to the worship of the Lord. But if wee cannot bestow on him the tithe , it is a token that wee labour more for the bodie than for the soule . And if our soules bee farre more pretious than our bodies , and it is an harder thing to prouide well for the soule than for the body , we must deuide our times the better , that daily wee may bestow some part of our time in the word and prayer : if wee would truly espie our thriuings and proceedings in our seuerall callings , and take a diligent view of our selues in our vocations , we should vndoubtedly see the plentifull blessing of God , when in truth wee vse the word and prayer , and his fearefull curse to be vpon it , when we vse it not . The fourth rule is , that if we will labour for true zeale , wee must be patient in our owne causes , and deuoure many priuate iniuries , that the Lords cause may be the better prouided for , and that his glory may goe the better forward . For wee see , how soone and how grieuously we are moued for our owne causes , and how soone we are cold in defending Gods cause . This then is true Christian zeale , to deny our own reason and priuate commodities , and especially to seeke Gods glory , though it be with our danger . This would so stop the mouth of the aduersarie , that howsoeuer for a while he thinketh vs to be cholerike & mad men , and esteemeth of vs as reuengers of our own affections ; yet one day he will confesse , that wee did not seeke either our owne commoditie or our owne reuenge , but that whatsoeuer we did , we did it for Gods glorie and in the defence of a good cause . The seeking to reuenge our priuate euils doth much hurt , and bringeth great iniurie to this godly zeale : for if we could speake with the tongues of Angels , and could speake neuer so gloriously to the delight of all men , and haue not loue , euen to our very enemies , all were nothing , all were abomination in the sight of the Lord. Contrariwise , if wee can be content to forsake our selues , and to be accounted as nothing , wee shall bee more acceptable to the Lord , and finde lesse trouble to our selues . True it is , that God his children euen in their best actions are troubled , whiles they suruay their inward affections , and gage their hearts before the Lord , whether they haue not done their things in selfe-loue rather than for loue of God : whether in vaine glory , rather than for the glory of God : without which exercise we shall neuer see , whether our actions be pure , or whether they be vnpure , or whether they be mixed ; whether they be in respect of God , or in respect of our selues . Many can reioyce at good things in themselues , and repine to see them in others : many can be grieued with euils in themselues , which will reioyce to see it in others . Wherefore we are greatly to suspect our selues and our zeale , when we are thus affected , because it is a manifest token , that we are not pleased with that which is good for Gods glory , but for selfe-loue ; neither doe wee repine for Gods dishonour , but at our owne discredit . But wee are to learne , howsoeuer the good is done , to reioyce ; and howsoeuer euill is committed , to be sorrowfull . We see the Prophet here was not grieued so much because they were his enemies , as because they were the enemies of God. For if he had thought thē to haue bin Gods childrē , whatsoeuer priuate iniurie he had receiued , he could haue swallowed it vp , and more haue reioyced in them , as they had been the children of God , than haue beene griued because they iniured him . Here then we must learne to beare with the infirmities one with another , but especially with the frailties of the children of God : neither are we so hainously to be offended with the infirmities of the godly , as with the presumptuous sins of the vngodly and obstinate . True it is indeed , that our zeale must cause vs most to be grieued for the sins of the godly , by how much they were come neerer to the image of God , than others . Howbeit it must alwaies be with a fellow feeling and pitifull sympathie towards them , as the Apostle exhorteth vs , Rom. 15. that the same minde should be in vs , which was in Christ Iesus , of which place we haue spoken often before . Wherefore we must make Gods friends our friends , without any respect of persons , howsoeuer they be otherwise farre distant from vs , either by place , or familiaritie , or nature , or howsoeuer : and on the contrarie , whosoeuer is Gods enemie , must also be ours , howsoeuer we are ioyned together , yea , though we lie both together in one wombe . This would seeme an hard doctrine to flesh and blood , and yet our Sauiour Christ hath manifestly and plainly taught it vs , Matth. 10. 37. and 16 14. Luke 14 26. If amy man come to me and hate not his father and mother , and wife and children , and brethren and sisters , yea and his owne life , he cannot be my disciple : What ? would he haue vs to cast off all naturall affection ? and so the Scripture should repugne ; whereas it is set as a note of them that should come in the last perillous times , 2. Tim. 3. 3. That they should be voide of naturall loue and affection : and might be contrarie to that Exod. 20. Honour thy father and thy mother , &c. No , he meaneth nothing lesse ; but he meaneth , that we should so be ioyned in naturall loue , as he speaketh of himselfe , Who is my mother ? who is my brother ? euen he that heareth the word . So that though we be neuer so farre asunder , we must loue them that loue God ; and though that we be neuer so neere , we must hate them that hate God : yea , and so farre as our friends would pull vs from God and from his truth , we must shake off all naturall affections ; not because they be ioyned to vs in the flesh , but because by no meanes they will be ioyned with vs in the spirit . Yet in the meane time we must remember , that we doe all duties of loue , and obedience to them , as in admonishing them , in praying for them , and mourning for them : and then if nothing will serue , but we must either cleaue to them and forsake God , or forsake them and cl●●ue to God ; we must separate our selues from their corruptions , knowing alwaies , that we must obey the first Table before the second , and pietie must goe before charitie , and we must serue God before we serue man , and nature must giue place to godlinesse . The fift rule is , that we must be stricter to our selues , than to any others in some things , and we must offer more libertie to others than to our selues : If we complaine of sinne , let vs be at most defiance with our owne corruptions ; so when we fight against the corruptions of others , we shall not fight against their persons , but against their sinnes . This is the doctrine which our Sauiour Christ also taught vs , that if we would see well to pull out the more of sinne in another man , we should first labour to take away the beame of sinnes in our selues . Why calleth he it a beame in vs , and more in others ? because our owne corruptions are or ought to be farre better knowne to vs , than the corruptions of other men , we should be best acquainted with our owne infirmities , and know that there is in vs a bottomlesse pit of corruptions . Which Paul saw when he said , that of all sinners , he was the cheifest : that is , he had the greatest light of his owne wants , and was most familiar with his owne corruptions . Wherefore we must first iudge our selues , and cast the first stone at our selues , we must labour to remooue this mountaine of sinne in our selues : so finding how ougly a thing sinne is , and that by experience in our selues , we shall neither flatter others in their sinne , nor yet rebuke them too rigorously . For he that doth so trauaile with his owne heart , shall loue that good thing in another which he liketh in himselfe , and shall be grieued for that sinne in another , which he hath found grieuing before in himselfe . For as we hauing been in sicknesse and are recouered , can by the smart which we haue felt , pitie the smart of mother , and can tell how comfortable health is to another , which we haue found comfortable to vs : euen so we can shew compassion to them , which are stung with sinne , as feeling the burden therof in our selues , and can reioyce at the libertie of conscience & peace of minde in others , which we haue reioyced at in our selues , because in suffering miserie , we haue learned to offer mercy : let vs see this doctrine more plainely . We shall see some very warie in vsing a ceremonie , and peraduenture not without cause , because it is not necessarie to edification in the Church of God : and although it may be that they thinke it lawfull in respect of the thing , and in respect of themselues ; yet because it is not expedient they willingly refuse it , and will not meddle with it : and then if others doe not so , but thinke it lawfull to be worne , and therefore vse it , here through loue the matter being about a thing indifferent , they must learne to beare with them . Others there be who vnwilling to vse it themselues , iudge straight all others as heinous offenders , that vse it . Let vs learne this of Abraham , who refused to take so much of the Egyptians himselfe , as a shooe-latcher ; and yet to others that would take , he would not deny the law of armes . He confesseth that he refused for his nephewes sake , and therefore gaue libertie to others to doe as they would . See this good father was more streight to himselfe , than to others ; and gaue more libertie to others , than to himselfe . So Paul seeing that in some places he could not so conueniently liue of other mens charges , as at Corinth , and Thessalonica , although at Colossos he receiued somewhat , where they were more able to bestow on him , refused to take any thing ; would he that all men should be tied to his example to doe the like ? surely no , for what one thing doth he labour about more than this , that Ministers ought sufficiently to be prouided for ? For we see he was strict to himselfe in many things , yet euermore he left libertie vnto others : as we may see Rom. 14 1 Cor 8. and 10 where he entreateth of the vse of things indifferent ▪ Wherefore he would haue Christians of this minde , that they might say thus with themselues : I can doe this by Christian libertie , but if it be any hindrance or offence to my brother or any slander to the Gospell , I will not doe it : if they doe it not , so they make conscience of other good things , I will not in this wage warre with them , I will not oppose battaile against them , but to ioyne with them in greater and better matters , through loue I will pardon the lesse . We must now most streightly deale with our selues , both for these reasons alleaged , as also because we know what mercies of God we haue receiued more than others : we must giue libertie vnto others , because we know not whether they haue receiued the like gifts , graces , and mercies of God , as we haue . If this had been vsed long agoe , what vnitie had there been established in the Church of God : for want of this , what troubles haue risen therein ? Here we must beware that we flatter not a man , no not in the least sin , that is farre frō the nature of loue whereof we speake ; but we must so tolerate , as we purpose not to let any man lie in sinne , but labour to reclaime it ; yet aswaies with the zeale of Gods glorie , and the hatred of his sinne , and with the spirit of meeknes , and pitie of his person . Wherefore here doth fitly come in the sixt rule , which is , that then we shall most surely know when our zeale is right ; when we are much moued , when God is much grieued ; and we are much grieued , because our brother hath so offended . Here is an excellent and infallible difference betweene godly zeale and fleshly anger . When the griefe of our brothers falling meeteth and is mixed with the anger of his sinning against God , our anger shall not feede it selfe vpon the partie because of our wrath , but of his sin , because of our zeale . In pure zeale therefore there must be anger for offending God , and griefe because our brother hath offended . When our Sauiour Christ went about to heale the man that had the withered had , the Pharisies that stood by murmured , because he would heale on the Sabbath day , it is said that he looked about him angerly , and yet it is added that he sorrowed for the blindnes of their hearts . Marke here in this notable example , how anger and sorrow meete together . Anger , that men should haue so little knowledge of God and loue of their brother : sorrow , that through ignorance , they were so fouly ouerseene . So likewise in zeale of his father Christ looked on Ierusalem with an hatred to their sinne , and yet with a pitie to their miserie , which was at hand , he wept ouer it . Mark this in al the Prophets from time to time , whether it hath not bin so in them . Looke on Esay , on Ieremy , on 〈◊〉 , on Da●●●●●●●● ●●●●● 〈◊〉 of spirit●●ey ●●d not vtter their words ; and when they most threatned the people for their sinnes , they were most grieued and feared , least they should fall vpon them . This is a blessed temperature , thus to mingle griefe with zeale . But that it is an ouerreaching zeale , where our zeale feedeth more of the person , than of the sinne . Wherefore we must craue this speciall grace at the hand of God by prayer , to be gouerned by a right zeale , and that we may truly discerne the difference betweene fretting anger , and pining zeale . Samuel spares not Saul in his sinne , but notwithstanding his great authoritie in zeale of Gods glorie , he telleth him flatly , that he is a sinner ; and yet alwaies was he bent to lament for Saul , and to pray for him . If we keepe this golden mixture , we shall stop the mouth of the aduersaries , who accuse vs to be too full of rancor and malice , if we be angry as enemies to their sinne , but are grieued , in that for sinne they are become enemies to God. If then we admonish others , and he angrie with them , not as seeking any reuenge of our selues , but as doing it of necessitie , because otherwise we shall be guiltie of dishonouring God , and shewing our selues to be angrie against our will , and that we doe it onely for Gods cause , and therewithall remember our selues to be but men , subiect to the same , we shall admonish them with that affection , wherewith we of them in the like case would be admonished ; and yet as we also remember to be admonished of them , as though we were admonished of God. Doest thou loue Gods glorie ? then wilt thou surely admonish thy brother of sinne . Doest thou loue thy brother ? then wilt thou admonish him with compassion . See here is that , which teacheth all wisedome . I must be grieued for sinne , because it is that that casts all mankinde from the Lord , because it is such a thing as thrust Adam out of Paradise : it is so grieuous a thing that it ouerwhelmed the old world with waters ; it consumed Sodome and Gomorrah with fi●e ; it crucified Iesus Christ the Sonne of God ; it is such a thing , as is an enemie to God the Father , an enemie to God the Sonne , and an enemie to God the holy Ghost : and therefore I must needes be an enemie vnto it ; yet I must be grieued , as putting my selfe in the like case , that the offender is . Wherefore many faithfull Ministers of God , when they are most hot , they haue most heauines in their soules , least the curse which they must needs threaten , doe turne to the confusion of the persons whom they threaten . Thus we see , this zeale will teach vs , neither to rebuke sinne too coldly , nor yet too hotly . For we shall not so loue God , as we shall abuse man the image of God , neither shall we so loue man , as we shall hinder or impaire the glorie of God : for if we be sorrowfull that God is offended , and that man hath offended , we shall be sure to make an holy medlie . Vers. 140. Thy word is proued must pure , and thy seruant loueth it . HEre the Prophet shewing his loue to be the cause of his zeale , repeateth in effect , that which he said before . It may seeme strange why the man of God should make mention of this so oft , that the word of God is true . But we must know , that he did it to strengthen his faith , in the time of trouble , and that then he might not faint . We thinke not , that there is such need of faith , because we feele not the like temptations . For they that haue no sight of their corruptions , know not their vnbeliefe , and they that feele not their vnbeliefe , feele not the necessitie of this strengthning of their faith . And as they that know not their vnbeliefe , know nothing : so they that beleeue , and see their vnbeliefe , know this to be necessarie . They then that haue a true triall of their vnbeliefe , know this faith to be a rare gift of God. So that the Prophet commendeth the word of God here of experience : for he saith , Thy word is proued most pure . His meaning is this : This is the cause why I am so zealous , euen because I loue thy word ; and therefore , O'Lord I loue thy word , because I finde it by proofe to be so pure . That we then may make this our rule for examination , why are we so cold in zeale ? euen because we are cold in the loue of the word . For as our loue encreaseth , so encrease also our delight and griefe : our delight to see the thing loued to haue happie proceedings ; our griefe , to see the thing which we loue , to be despised . This we see to be in euery kinde of loue . For a man that truly loueth his wif● ▪ cannot abide to see his wife contemned and discredited : nor the woman that truly loueth her husband can abide to see him reiected and despised . When we loue our friend , we are grieued to see any contempt offered vnto him . This then we see in the nature of true loue , to reioyce to see the person loued , aduanced , or the thing which we loue , esteemed ; and grieued , to see either the person or thing so loued , to be cast downe and contemned . It was a griefe euen to the Heathenish Philosophers to see their doctrine not regarded : were they so moued for the small regard of that earthly doctrine , which had no exact truth in it , but was mingled with infinite errors and vntruths , and shall not we much more be moued , to see the word of God , which hath so exact a truth , and no vntruth , contemned and little set ▪ by ? wherefore when we haue not this godly griefe in vs , it is a manifest argument , that our loue is very cold . For as our loue is the greater , so vndoubtedly our griefe will be the greater ; and so as our loue is the lesse , so will our griefe to see the thing defaced , be also the lesse . When we haue much delight in any thing , we are much grieued , and who are more grieued to see the word of God troden downe , than the godly ? because of all other , their delight is most in it . Not without cause then is this loue commended vnto vs , to be a token of our zeale , and therefore we see Psalme 67. the Church praiseth and prouoketh all the world to praise God , when the word had free successe : such is the loue of it to the word of God. O let thy people praise thee O God , yea let all the people praise thee . Oh l●t the nations reioyce and be glad , &c. As then the children of God thinke themselues in ioy and prosperity , when the word of God is in prosperitie ; so it being in any trouble , death is not troublesome to them , so that by their death and suffering they may any thing confirme the truth , and giue countenance to it . The Prophet of God sheweth his loue to the word , saying : All my springs O Lord are in it : meaning that all his ioy , his delight and affections , were wholy set on the word of God. Wherefore if there be such ioy in hauing it , there must needes be great griefe in wanting it . We are herein greatly to condemne our selues , that we are no more thankfull ; for our vnthankfulnes bringeth this secret curse , that we are no more zealous , & because many can hardly iudge betweene fleshly anger , and spirituall zeale ( such is the rare feeling of this true zeale ) they are readie to imagine , that if one be godly zealous , they are straightway carnally angrie . How necessary a thing therfore it is to know godly zeale , all men may see : for as we haue said , that the Lord threatneth Reuel . 3. that vnlesse the Laodiceans would be more zealous and amend , he would spue them out , that is , he would haue no delight in them . 〈◊〉 the Lord would as leeue haue vs of another religion , as to be so luke-warme in his true religion . For as a stomacke is easily brought to prouoke a vomite by receiuing somewhat that is lukewarme : so the Lord spueth as it were out of his stomack luke warme professors , as them whom by no meanes he can brooke , which is a most feareful thing . We know that the good father Elie 1. Sam. 3. although otherwise no doubt he was the deare seruant of God , was grieued for the sinnes of his sonnes , and mourned when the Arke of God was taken , was reproued by the holy Ghost , that he should loue the glorie of his sons more than the glorie of God ▪ because he did not more seuerely , and more zealously rebuke his sons , and in that there wanted in him that feruencie of spirit , whreby he should haue cut off his sonnes from their office ; wherefore the hand of God did cut off his life , and depriued all his posteritie of the Priesthood . Although this good man was offended , and grieued with the euils of his sonnes ; yet his coldnes in zeale brought ●pon him this plague . Elias ( whose zeale as much pleased the Lord , as the coldnes of Elie displeased him ) was of a feruent spirit ; for when the Lord asked him where he had been , he answered : I haue beene zealous for the Lord God of Hosts sake , and when he complained , that he could finde none which had not bowed vnto Baal , the Lord vouchsafeth to comfort him , and telleth him , there be 7000. which neuer bowed their knees to him . Well , because he continued zealous in beating downe Idolatrie , the Lord came downe visibly with a firie Chariot , and fetched Eliah from earth to heauen . We need not here speake of the great zeale of Moses , Phinees , and other of the seruants of God. We see and know the cause of this loue in the man of God , was the purenesse of the word . We heard in the first verse , that the iudgements of the Lord were righteous , we haue heard in the second verse , that the testimonies of the Lord contained a speciall righteousnesse , wee shall heare in the sixt verse , that the righteousnesse of the Lord is an euerlasting righteousnesse , wee may see in the seuenth verse , that it made him delight in trouble , and in the eight verse , that the righteousnesse of the Lord is euerlasting . Wherefore doth hee this ? as we haue alreadie said to strengthen his Faith : for after hee had said , that the riuers of teares through zeale and griefe burst out of his eyes , hee addeth and rehearseth these things . What shall we say , they are vaine repititions ? Nay , we know the holy Ghost reproueth them Math. 6. We see then that in so oft commending the word of God , the Prophet sheweth to vs our vnbeliefe , which he felt so much in himselfe . When do idle repetitions so much displease the Lord ? Surely , when our tongues walke idlie , and in our prayers wee speake we know not what . But when a mans heart is full of sorrow , and fraught with griefe of his sinnes , or earnestly longeth after a thing , then let vs crie , Lord haue mercie vpon mee , then let vs powre out our spirits , & say : Sonne of Dauid haue mercie vpon me : Lord I belieue , helpe my vnbeliefe . Thus when the heart is loth to bee ouercome of vnbeliefe , and when it desireth to shewe forth his sorrow , or when Gods children would exercise their Faith , or feele in themselues any rare ioy , which they would gladly expresse , then they vse manie repetitions , as wee may see both in the booke of Chronicles and the Psalmes , Praise yee the Lorde , because hee is good , for his mercie endureth for euer : where wee shall see in 26. verses this still repeated : for his mercie endureth for euer . What shall wee say now , that here is any needlesse repetition ? No : well , we see here then , that wee must not speake simplie against repetitions , but in great wisedome of the Spirit , because the heart of the godly cannot satisfie it selfe with Faith and feeling of Gods promises , vnlesse it breaketh foorth as a fire into many speeches . Hereby we know now , that the man of God here expresseth his faith , & we are to learne , that without some liuely feeling of faith , of ioy , or of griefe , we are not to vse oft repetitions , vnlesse happily they be vsed to stirre vs vp the more to these or such like . So cried the woman of Canaan , O Sonne of Dauid haue mercie vpon me ; and being rebuked , she still cried , O Sonne of Dauid haue mercie vpon me . We would thinke it somewhat strange , and as a great matter , to see a poore body shoote out so many prayers at once , when they speake out of the abundance of their heart , which is stuffed with so many griefes and troubles . Thy word ( saith the Prophet ) is proued true ; it hath no changeable goodnesse , but hath in it an euerlasting righteousnes , seruing for all ages , for all persons , and for all times . Mens opinions faile , the wisedome , strength and authoritie of man in time hath an end ; but this Word is exceeding large , and neuer hath end . Thy word is proued pure . Many would thinke this to be but a small commendation for the word of God : but come to a man when his minde is much troubled , and tell him of the word , and what purenesse , what comfort will he finde in it ? Surely he will be as one that hath no taste in it , and as one that feeleth no more sweetnesse , than a sicke man doth taste in a chip . And notwithstanding all that the word shall doe to him , he will still follow his owne waies , and goe on forward in the deuices of his owne head . Doe men then feele such infinite comfort in the word ? so much is their comfort as is their faith : and so little is their faith , as little is their comfort . Looke into Gods children , how greatly they lament their vnbeleefe ▪ looke into Dauid , looke on Iob ; looke on the late and blessed Martyr of God Bradford , who almost in all his bookes , and in euery meditation complaineth of his vnbeleefe ; notwithstanding that he was a man so rich in the graces of God , so throughly mortified to the world , so stayed in faith ; and yet the neerer he came daily to Christ , the more he stil crieth against vnbeleefe . Wherefore Paul seeing this to be a common disease among all men , saith , This is a faithfull thing , and worthie of all men to be remembred , That Iesus Christ came into the world to saue sinners : this is a faithfull saying , with such like speeches , which the Apostle vseth as preparatiues to stirre vp our faith . The purenesse of the word is mentioned of the Prophet , when after he had lamented the miserable ellate of the godly , and the great decay of godlinesse , he crieth out to the Lord , speedily to assist his children , saying . Helpe Lord ( Psal. 12. 4 ) for there is not a godly man le●● &c. and by and by he addeth verse 6. The wordes of the Lord are pure words , as the siluer tried in a furnace of earth fined seuen fold . If we should imagine the purest siluer , that is often tried , and serueth in the court for Princes , euen so pure must we beleeue the word of God to be , which not seuen times alone , but seuentie times seuen times hath beene tried in the fire of aduersitie , and still hath remained most pure , and neuer could any corruption b● found in it Wee haue seene good men as it were confounded , and yet comforted , and being tried are found to be pure . The meaning of the man of God in that place is , trie the word , as you doe trie the purest mettals , with persecution , with torment , with contempt , or howsoeuer , I tell you the word is true , and this is mine onely comfort , O Lord , that though the wicked rage , thy promise for euer is vnchangeable . Proued true . What could deceiue it ? could the Serpent in Paradise ? No. What could wash it away ? could all the flood in the deluge ? No. What could consume it ? could all the firie furnace of Gomorrah , of Egypt and of Babylon ? No ▪ Looke from the first father of all , Adam vnto this day , and how many seruants the Lord hath died and sound pure ; so many examples wee haue of the purenes of the word . This then we see is a word pure by proofe . We esteeme greatly of armour of proofe , which neither the speare could pearce , nor the shot of gun batter , nor dart in any battaile could bruise ? oh how hath the word encountered with Sathan , and with all his adherents ? How many darts of the worldlings hath it sustained , and neuer yeelded ? but as a sword of proofe hath not onely striken off the heads of Sathan , and of all heresies and schismes , but also hath mightily preuailed against powers , and authorities , and principalities in heauenly things . When wee haue an approued medicine , we thinke it a thing of great price , being such a one as neuer failed ; but wheresoeuer it was laid , it wrought the feate : so , here is a tried medicine for the soule , which neuer did deceiue any that vse it a right . This is a most rare medicine and soueraigne salue . For neuer sore was so great in mans soule , neuer maladie so grieuous , neuer corruption of sinne so fare gone , neuer was there any wound of conscience so desperate , which either this did not cure being vsed , or might haue cured if it had been vsed . This hath been tried , and is approued by all the sicke soules that euer were , since the beginning of the world to this day , whereof some were deliuered from many sores of their conscience , & many euen rescued from the depth of their sorrowes . We count him a tried friend and approued , which in no troubles that euer did befall vs shrunke from vs , and failed vs , but stood vs in all stead possible : but whom , I pray you , hath the Lord euer deceiued vs , that put their trust in him ? or in whom hath the word of the Lord euer failed ? which wil stick with vs to the end , which will saue vs from all euils , accompany vs in all dangers , recouer vs in all infirmities , pitie and relieue vs in all miseries , which will saue vs from hel , and will speake for vs before the ludge , and pleade our cause , and euen whilest life lasteth , will still stand vs in stead . Wherefore seeing the word of God hath in it such excellencie , that it taketh vp all the delights of Gods children , and the contempt thereof taketh vp all the sorrowes of the Saints of God ; seeing for being eaten vp with the zeale of Gods word , whatsoeuer we lose in the outward man , we gaine and are recompenced for it in the inward man ; contrarie to the eating zeale in all other things whatsoeuer , seeing the neerer wee come to God in his word , and the further we go from our selues , though we were thrown to the ground , wee should be reedified ; seeing , if we were tried in the furnace , wee should finde such an happie exchange , that as the gold wee should lose no weight , but become more pure ; seeing it only reneuth vs in trouble , and we cannot more discredit the word of God , than euer to suffer it to be contemned , or not sufficiently esteemed , as becommeth a thing of such perfection , glorie , eternitie , and exact righteousnes ; seeing it is such an armour of proofe , so tried a medicine , so approued a friend : let vs craue of God that he would open our eyes , and cleere our vnderstanding , that we louing it for these causes , may zealously be set on fire , and truly be grieued to see it contemned . Thus we see how exact , how pure , how comfortable , how euerlasting the word is . Thy righteousne● ( saith the Prophet ) is an euerlasting righteous●●● ▪ Psal. 11. thou ha●● , O Lord , set downe a perfit righteousnes , which hath been , is , and shall be for euer , one , and most constant , thine is the kingdome , the power , and the glorie for euer : thy hand is not shortned more than it hath been , thy word neuer could be accused , onely let vs say , Lord increase our faith : let vs say , Lord giue vs the like faith of thy seruants , and wee shall haue like graces with them , though not in so large measure as they had . Vers. 141. I am small and despised : yet doe I not forget thy precepts . HIs meaning briefly is this : Lord , seeing thy word is so pure , I loue it for it owne cause , though nothing come withall ; if thou wilt bestowe any thing else of thy seruant , I thanke thee ; if not , I loue it still ; yea though I should suffer discredit for it , I am content . For I loue thy word , because it is a pure word , and worthie to be loued , with what crosse soeuer it be accompanied . As the common prouerbe is ; Trueth may be blamed , but trueth can neuer be ashamed , and iniquitie may be ocuered for a time , but yet iniquitie one day shall bee discouered . It cannot be denied , that it is a singular blessing , which is said of our Sauiour Christ , to grow in fauour with God and man , and to be loued of both , as it is reported of Samuel : because as it is , Eccles 7. 3. A good name is better than a good oyntment , and Prou. 22 1. is to bee chosen aboue great riches , and louing fauour is aboue siluer , and aboue gold : neither can there come a more grieuous crosse to a liberall nature and stout person , than want of it . Howbeit , to search out the cause of discredit , wee must alwayes enter into it , whether our conscience telleth vs that wee suffer as well doers , not as ill doers . For euen the very Heathen said ; that a mans conscience is as a theater in the world . Wherefore if wee suffer discredit iustly because of sinne , it is to be lamented : but when we haue faith in Gods promises , and a good conscience flowing from our faith , though we neuer so much bee discredited , it is a small thing . Great is the loue of our selues , and great is the care which we haue to maintaine our credit . For many will bee content to hazard their liues , which cannot bee contēt to endanger their good name . For if a man liue bereft of his good name , he had almost as liue bee bereft of his life . And therefore Heretikes , as the Familie of loue , giue in precept : that they should rather die , than suffer the credit of their sect to fall . And no maruell : for they see no better life , neither do they feele any true comfort of God in their prosperitie , neither can they truly call vpon him in their trouble . Thus we see how a name is esteemed in the world . This then is a true argument of zeale , euen when wee are despised and suffer discredit , still to beare good affection to the word . For many are liuely and quicke , whilest they are contented and well pleased , and whilest things haue that successe which they looke for , who when they suffer discredit , are vtterly cast downe . We see here the man of God is content to lose his credit , so God be not dishonored , and is readie to buy glorie to the name of God with the losse of his own name . For he resteth in this , that though he may be misdeemed , & of the world ill iudged of , yet he hath a warrant in his cōscience from the Lord , that he wil depose for him ; and howsoeuer for a time he beareth the reproch as an euill doer , yet the Lord will one day drawe out his righteous dealing , and make it knowne to all men , Wherefore the Prophet saith , Psalm . 37. Fr●t not thy selfe , because of the wicked men , neither bee enuious for the euill doers , &c. And then hee addeth , vers . 5. Commit thy way vnto the Lord , and trust in him , and he shall bring it to passe , 6. And he shall bring forth thy righteousnes as a light , and thy iudgement as the noone da● . As if he should say , waite still on the Lord , and possesse thy soule in patience , the Lord in time will put away the clowdie mists of ill reports , and will cause thy righteousnes one day to shine as brightly as the Sunne in the midday . If we should consider the discredit of Noah , how he was accounted as a gazing stocke to the old world ; if wee should thinke how Enoch was despised in his time , or how Lot was discredited among the Sodomites , or what contempt Eliah suffered among the Idolaters in the age wherein hee liued , with many other holy men , wee would thinke it wonderfull . Nay , if wee would but consider but how this man of God Dauid suffered reproach , contempt and discredit , wee should much marueile . First , when hee had the rarest gifts of all his brethren , and excelled them in the gifts of God , he was set to keepe sheepe in the field , when the rest were sent to aduance themselues in the warres . Then , when he had slaine the Beare , and was come among his brethren , where he saw the vncircumcised Philistin breathing out blasphemie against the Lord , and his people , and through Faith in Gods promises and zeale of the spirit , could not abide him so to blaspheme the liuing God , marueiling , that his brethren without great indignation should sustaine it , hee setteth vpon the great Goliah , which when his brethrer saw , in contempt they asked what that princocke could doe , and tell him , that it were more fitte for him to deale with his sheep-hooke , then to attempt to fight for so noble a victorie . Besides , when as afterwards by his singular dexteritie which he had , by playing on the Harpe , he had appeased Sauls furious spirit , they could not cease to despise him , and opprobriously sayd of him , Is not this the sonne of Ishai ? Then being offered one of Sauls daughters in mariage , they mocked him , by disappointing her of her dowrie : afterwards , when hee should haue had the second daughter , who had her dowrie appoynted and allotted , euery clawbacke scorned him ; yea Doeg ( that was the heardsman ) was suffered to slay the children of God : So Dauid was faine to ●lie for succour to the Heathen kings , his owne men contemning and forsaking him . And yet stil he saith , I am small and despised , yet doe I not forget thy word . Well , let vs see , did not the Lord promote him , after he had thus continued in patience ? we know the Lord made his righteousnes glorious , and his good name to shine abroad , and his innocency to appeare to all men after the death of Saul By faith ( saith the Apostle , Hebr. 11. 2. ) our Elders were well reported of : whereof some are there said to be tried by mockings and scourgings , vers . 36. We suppose ( saith Paul ) we are made a gazing stocke , and the off-scouring of the world : yet he fainted not , because he knew that howsoeuer vile he was in the eyes of the world , yet the Lord delighted in him , the Angels of God in heauē , the Church of Gods Saints on earth reioyced in him , his owne conscience felt ioy & peace , through that patience wherein he possessed his soule . Wherefore our Sauiour Christ said to his Disciples , Matth 5. Blessed are yee , when men reuile you , persccute you , and say all manner of euill against you for my sake falsely , &c. Wherefore let vs learne that we are to fight daily against selfe-loue , and loue of our credit , and let vs be as contented to giue our names to the Lord , as we are to giue him our goods , our liues and our countries . Let vs offer all that we haue to the Lord , of whom we haue receiued it , and of whom in his good time we shall receiue it againe . Abraham gaue Isaac his sonne to the Lord in sacrifice , and yet he receiued him again . So let vs giue our names to the Lord by what meanes soeuer he pleaseth to receiue them . For many would be content to do so , if they might leese their name , because they haue been famous in warre , or haue come by it by some noble sufferings : but to suffer discredit wrongfully , and as traytors , or rebels , and to haue most false inditements in the face of the world proceed against vs , so that people clap their hands at vs , as notable malefactors or heretikes , is a thing very difficult . But if our Sauiour Christ be contemned as a destroyer of the Temple , and S●euen bee accused to speake blasphemie against Moses , let vs bee content to leese our name as weldoers also , knowing that the Lord in time will take away the clowde which Sathan as a vatle doth put before vs , who would perswade vs , that when our name is gone , God seeth not , nor regardeth our righteousnes . But hee that draweth the light to shine out of darknes , he can also in time deliuer our names out of discredit . Doe the wicked then thinke to obscure the glorie of Gods Martyrs ? Noah , Lot , Eliah . and all the Saints and Martyrs of the Lorde are most glorious , the Lord hath glorified them , wee still praise them , and daily they are commended in the Church of God. Alexander the great , in all his royaltie , nor Pomp●y , nor Caesar , nor Tullie , haue euer receiued such commendarions in their greatest pomps , as haue the deare Martyrs of God. And although with the Papists , we make them not as halfe Gods to pray vnto them , or as Angels to praise them , yet we praise God for them . Let vs learne therefore to giue our names freely to the Lord. Some mens sinnes , saith the Apost : go before to iudgement , & some mens follow after . Some mens sinnes goe before , and the godly Magistrate seeth them , and punisheth them . Some mens sinnes come after , and shall be in time remembred and reuenged , if they be not pardoned in the death of Iesus Christ. Trueth is the daughter of time , and in time all shall bee reuealed , whether it be good or ill ; and all ill either in this world or in the world to come , shall be remembred , and come to reckoning , vnlesse it bee buried in Christ his passion . All good things either in this life with the Saints of God , or in the life to come among the Angels , shal haue their praise and commendation . For our triall then this is a true argument , that a man doth not loue the word for riches sake , because if he were the poorest man in the world , he would loue it sh●ll , and whilest he is rich , thinketh the word of God to be his greatest riches . This is an vndoubted token that a man doth loue the word for liberties sake , because if hee were in captiuitie and imprisoned , hee would still loue the word , as well as if hee were in the greatest libertie . This is a sure signe , ●at a man loueth not the word , because thereby hee hath credit , when hee can be content to suffer discredit for the word ▪ and yet loue it as deerely , as if he had the credit and countenance o● the whole world . We see it come to passe in all things ; the better wee meane , the worse we are thought of ; yet if we still continue patient , it is a token that wee loue the word , because it is the word , and wee loue God , because hee is God ; wee loue Christ , because he is Christ. For if we can loue the word , though we be in sieknes , though we be in pouertie , and suffer discredit , wee loue the word for the word his sake , and not for any thing else whatsoeuer . If it commeth to vs alone , it is welcome ; if it come accompanied with other things , it is also welcome : as Eccles. 7. that wisedome is goo● with an inheritance , and excellent to them th●t ●●● the Sunne . For a man may then haue indeede great occasion of well doing ; yet wisedome will deliuer the soule , and giueth liye to the possessours thereof So as though riches and inheritance will helpe well , being ioȳned with godlines , to giue testimonie of a good conscience , yet though the man be an heire , it wil not deliuer his soule ; this onely the word of God can do , all the other things cannot doe it . And therefore this is an vnspeakeable blessing of the word . Thus wee see how the Prophet loued not the trueth for any outward respect , but for the approued pu●ches of it . We must likewise labour to denie our selues and our good names , the too much loue whereof is a great enemie to godlines . Wherefore when wee are discouraged to continue our loue to the word , for feare of discredit , we are greatly to suspect our loue . Many Princes and the chiefe Gouernours would follow our Sauiour Christ , but they were loath ●o lose their credit . Wherefore if in credit , prosperate and health , wee loue the word ; and forsake it in discredit in time of aduersitie and si●●●●es : it is a manifest token we loued it for our credits sake , for our prosperitie , and for our health ; no● for itselfe and the purenes of it ; which was the onely cause , why this man of God did loue it . Vers 142. Thy righteousnes is an euerlasting righteousnes , and thy law is trueth . THe briefe meaning whereof is : Trueth it is , that flesh and blood may thinke , that when contempt commeth for thy names sake , there were sufficient cause to forsake thy word : but Lord thy righteousnes is not changeable , it is not one at one time , and another at another time , but it hath been , is , and shall be one and the same ; & as there is one ●onstant righteousnes with thee , so the rule thereof is set downe in thy word , which sheweth vs what righteousnes thou requirest . Here the man of God teacheth vs , how to refell our owne reason , which is as readie to bee deceiued , as Sathan is readie to deceiue it . For in ●●●●●ble the diueli will bee ready to put this into our heads : this is , thinke you , the true righteousnesse , ●●●ch you doe professe ? Doe you not rather deceiue your selfe ? see how you are in tr●●●●e : 〈◊〉 what losse yee must sustaine by your profession ? Thus he would de●nde vs ▪ and make vs ●● them that are in a burning ague , who hauing lost their taste , and ●● 〈◊〉 troubled , thinke sweete things sowre , and sowre things sweete . For such is the estate of Gods children in trouble , who in stronger temptations cannot iudge , and therfore the diuell troubleth and oppresseth the weaknes of their sense ; as seeing reason most ready to be deceiued , and will make them beleeue , that white is blacke , and blacke white ; that sweete is sower , and sower sweete ; good ill , and ill good . Loe , here is then a remedie , in the sense of these words : Thou art not , O Lord , as man , who vpon new occasions , maketh new lawes ; and vpon euill disorders , maketh new orders : but thy righteousnesse is euerlasting , which was with thee from the beginning , which to this time hath b●n reuealed , and shall be euer hereafter ; therefore I will not yeeld to this temptation : for though I suffer for thy trueth , yet it is the truth ; neither can all the subtilties of Sathan , or violence of man make it mutable . O rare gift of God to beleeue and acknowledge our immutable righteousnesse , and not to depend on mens deuises or shifts , whereby they deceiue themselues , as being too shadowish , fading and momentany . They are , laith the Prophet , plausible , but there is no solid●tie in them ; they ebbe and they flow : but thy righteousnesse ( O Lord ) is euerlasting . Now whereas the diuell himselfe , the Turke and Pope with other heretikes cannot denie , but will confesse and graunt , that there is one only righteousnes , constant and euerlasting , that herein Christians differ from them , in that they say with the Prophet , Thy Law is truth . Thou hast set downe an exact rule of all righteousnes wholy in thy Law , concerning al things that thou commandest ; and as I beleeue therefore thy righteousnes to be euerlasting , so I looke for it in thy word ; because that righteousnes which is all one with thee , is made knowne and reuealed to vs , in thy written word . We must then rest in this , that as in substance there is one righteousnes ; so God hath left his word , against the which heretikes cannot preuaile ; because as Gods righteousnesse is pure , euerlasting and vnchangeable , so his word hath set it downe to vs ; which is as pure , euerlasting and vnchangeable . This is no smal comfort in temptation , whereby we may be stayed : and whereas it may seeme to some that in accessions and additions there was not one gouernment both of the Iewes and Christians ; we must know , that they had one rule of regiment vnto Christ , wherewith ou● last addition in substance is all one ; so that when Sathan and the men of the world will pull vs from it , we may say , Thy righteousnes is euerlasting ; and if they aske vs how we know it , we answere , Thy word is trueth . This is then the thing wherein we differ much from heretikes , for though they giue as great and glorious titles to Gods righteousnes as we d● ; yet they will not with vs acknowledge that Gods word is truth . For as we see many men , that will come , and are driuen to subscribe to these generall speeches . That the righteousnes of the Lord is euerlasting , so they will easily be brought to discredit the word , whereunto they will not stand . For the Turke cleaueth to his dreames , the Pope to his traditions , the heretikes to their reuelations , the heathen to their fantasies , the worldlings to their policies . Thy word is truth 1. As there is one sure and neuer changing righteousnes : so I will not clime vp to heauen to seeke for it there , I will not goe down to the low places of the earth to seeke it out there , neither will I descend into hell for it , but I will looke for it in thy word , according to that , Deut. 30 11. 12. 13. 14. This commaundement which I commaund thee this day , is not hid from thee , neither is it farre off : it is not in heauen that thou shouldest say who should goe from vs to heauen ; neither is it beyond the sea &c. And Rom. 10. 6. Say nos in thine heart , who shall ascend into heauen who shall descend into the depth , &c. Here then is the difference , betweene the heretikes and Christians : Idolaters will haue Gods word , but ioyned with their traditions ; heretikes will haue the word , but with their reuelations : But we say , that it is all perfit , it is a through truth , and all truth , hauing nothing too much , nor any thing too little . For it were a disgrace to adde or detract frō it , to ascribe excesse or defect to it . So the Prophet his sense is this : Seeing I goe not to the right hand or to the left , though I am contemned ; yet herein I stay my selfe , because thou hast one righteousnes , which thou hast certainly set down in thy word , how thy children shall be gouerned by it ? Here we may also see the infinite wisedome and goodnes of God , because otherwise , what misery should we haue been in , seeing so many heads , there would haue been so many religions ? Wherefore the Lord hath set downe one perfit rule to gouerne all , wherein nothing is either abounding or wanting . Our Sauiour Christ saith Iohn 17. Father , sanctifie them , thy word is truth . Father sanctifie them , and seuer them out being thine , with the word ; it is true . Saint Iames saith , We are begotten by the pure word : this is that sword of the spirite , which heretikes cannot abide , and putteth Sathan to flight , and giueth vs an happie issue , and speedie out-gate in all our troubles and temptations if wee stay vpon it . This doctrine is as necessarie also for manners : euery wicked man will confesse the word to be true , yet if we come to examine their life they will faile : for if they were perswaded that the word were truth , how durst they liue so profane , such swearers , such murderers , such adulterers , such theeues , and such slaunderers ? So that we must needs confesse that the word for doctrine preserueth vs from heresies , and for life saueth vs from many corruptions . We must then labour that the word may haue a credit in our cōsciences , that we may not onely confesse God to bee true , mercifull , iust and righteous , which euery of-scouring of the world may doe , but let vs beleeue , that all is trueth , mercie , iustice and righteousnesse , is sufficiently set downe in the word , which word the Lord hath set downe for all vs to beleeue and to obey . Vers. 143. Trouble and anguish are come vpon mee : yet are thy commaundements my delight . SEe here is a further thing . The sense then of the words is this . Seeing thy righteousnes ●s constant , and there is one constant rule of it ; therefore , where besides my contemning I feele also trouble . I doe not onely forget thy word , but also much delight in it . See a rare gift in the man of God : for this is a singular gift of God , not onely in anguish to bee heauily troubled , but also to be comforted ; not to doe good heauily , but to doe it cheerefully . In that hee vseth as it were a doubling of the word trouble and sorrowe , hee sheweth his griefe to bee the greater . It is ●n hard matter not to forget God in trouble , but a far greater matter then to haue a delight and a pleasure in the word , yet so it is that if we can come neere the one , wee shall also come neere the other . Here is our strength , if wee forget not the word , and nourish not vnbeleefe , ioy and delight will come after ; because it is the mercie of the Lord inwardly to recompence that which outwardly hee detracteth from vs. Thy word is my delight , or my delight is in thy word . This is the same that the Apostle reporteth of himselfe , Rom. 7 22. I delight in the law of God concerning mine inner man. The way to come to this , is to fight against vnbeleefe , & to beleeue the word is most pure and holy . It is a singular comfort to vs , though our minde be troubled , when we should doe good ; yet to doe it , sith after we haue done it , it leaueth a pleasure behinde incontrariwise how sweete soeuer sinne is in committing , the pleasure will depart , but the sting of sinne remaineth with vs still . And surely it is a great quickning to a man when hee doth doe well . True it is that this quickning commeth from the peace of conscience : But when wee cannot onely reioyce in the forgiuenes of sinnes , but feele a speciall comfort arise when wee doe well , this is a double quickning . For what can bee more comfortable , then to be fruitfull in good workes in time of trouble ? When did faith , loue , patience , constancie , meekenes , and boldnesse , more abundantly flourish in the Church than in trouble ? In prosperitie wee defer and delay from day to day , from to morrow to next day to doe well ; but when the hand of the Lord is vpon vs , it setteth vs forward to the worke This then must mitigate our griefe in time of trouble , and make vs iealous of our pr●sp●ri●ie , because wee are fuller of the exercise of weldoing in trouble than otherwise . Besides a preacher may better perswade good things in time of trouble , than in prosperitie . Well , as it is a generall rule in all things that a good beginning is as good as halfe done ▪ so as it is in all godlines , likewise is it in this part of godlines . What is the cause , why men cannot come to this ioy in trouble , euen because in the very entrance of it , they straight forget the word , and so they either despaire , or vse vnlawfull meanes . This is a thing needfull to be considered of . For if a man bee in trouble , and hath nothing to ouermatch it , then his trouble will ouerquel him . For why doe men in trouble lay violent hands on themselues , but because they haue nothing in their mindes to comfort them , & therefore they fal to desperate meanes , Wherefore Gods children should soone despaire , were it not , that they felt comfort in the remission of sinnes , and stay themselues on a godly securitie in God his promises and prouidence , and in an holy courage to be delighted in weldoing . For the godly , whose onely stayes in trouble , are faith and a good conscience , are brought by their affliction to a sight of their sin , to a desire to haue them pardoned , to a feeling of God his mercy in hearing their prayers , to an hatred of their sinnes . Thus if we can support our faith in Gods promises , wee shall reioyce in trouble . When heretikes suffer for their illusions , and being taught of man , they quickly shrinke : but when Sathan deludeth them with strange fantasies , they are ready to suffer much . Doe we know that heretikes wil suffer for their illusions , and shall not wee much rather suffer for the truth ? And yet we see the Lord maketh a distinction betweene their sufferings & our martyrdomes : For Christians through faith can sing Psalmes in the midst of the flame , heretikes by their roring shewe they haue no such ioy . It stands therefore vpon vs euen now to be iealous of our prosperitie , & to bestow the time which we haue , in weldoing , and striue against sinne . For we shall breake the first wall by this , and so come with ioy to the other . And as the word is a comfort in trouble , so is it a bridle from sinne in prosperitie . For as it doth not let vs fall in trouble , so also it bridleth vs from sin in prosperitie . For to this end we read and heare the word , that in prosperity it should subdue sin , and in aduersitie it should minister comfort . But what is the iudgement of God vpon them that know not the word ? If they bee in health , they seeke for nothing but for pleasures , for profit , and for gaine , and thinke whatsoeuer they do to be lawfull ; yea admonish a man of his couetousnes by the word , yet will hee not repent , vntill eyther theeues , or fire , or some other iudgement of God vtterly consume him ; but hee will obiect , why should I not get riches ? why should I not maintaine my gaine ? Admonish a theefe at his libertie of his theft , and it prevaileth no more then if ye should tel him a storie , vntill wofull experience ●each him the truth of it by the prison or by the halter . There is no hope to any profit to perswade the adulterer , vntill some plague of God haue wrought vpon him . So we see , when fire is on our houses , when we must goe to prison , or yeeld to any other calamitie , men wring their hands , teare their haire , and rent their clothes , crying for woe to themselues and saying they cannot liue , they wil not be seene in the world , they are ashamed to looke their friends in the face , and why ? because they haue no feeling of the ioyes of the life to come , they haue no stay on Gods prouidence , they feele no comfort in his promises ; but they curse , they moyle and pine away with sorrow . If we see then the great mercie of God in staying vs from sinne in time of prosperitie , and in aduersitie telling vs , that he doth not punish vs in wrath , but in loue : and as a father doth teach vs the contempt of this world , the desire of the world to come , faith in his promises , patience and repentance : let vs reuerently esteeme the word . Verse 144. The righteousnes of thy testimonies is euerlasting , graunt mee vnderstanding , and I shall liue . IN repeating the same againe , which hee had saide before , the man of God here vseth two words , the righteousnes of thy testimonies : whereas before he vseth this one word : thy righteousnes : so that he meaneth here nothing els , but the righteousnes of God reuealed to vs in his word . For they bee called testimonies , both in respect that they bee records of Gods loue towards vs , as also they are testimonials of our obedience towards God. So the words may beare this sense : true it is Lord , that that part of thy word , where in thou hast comforted vs with thy promises , is euerlasting ; and that part of thy word , wherein thou hast set downe our duties , is also euerlasting . And I shall liue : That is , what doe men desire but life ? that I may liue therefore in godly pleasure , Lord teach me to vnderstand thy testimonies . See the man of God doth rest his life in this vnderstanding of the word . They then that are ignorant are dead in sin , Ephes 2. They sit in the shadow of death , Luk ▪ 1. they are bound in the chaines of ●●●●● , as Paul witnesseth of the widowes that liue delicately . For as we cal him a man of death , on whom not the Iudge , but the law , or not the lawe but the fact hath already giuen iudgement : so they are subiect to the spirituall death , on whom not God but his word , or not the word , but the sinne hath pronounced guiltie . What is then life ? surely this was life , the estate wherein Adam liued before hee fell , his other life afterward , which now is common to vs , is a death , and wee in him are all dead . For when there was no sinne , there was no shame : when there was no shame , there was no trouble , when no trouble , no death . Wherfore sinne bringeth in shame , trouble , and death , and hath left vs dead spiritually , by cutting vs off from God. For as a ciuill life is when wee are obedient to the ciuill lawes ; so we liue in God , when wee liue according to his lawe . And as he is dead ciuilly , that by transgressing the lawes of the realme , hath cut off himselfe from the common people : so we are spiritually dead , when sinne hath cut vs off from God. The Prophet Abacuk saith chap. 2. 4. Hee that lifteth vp himselfe , his minde is not right in him . Where the Prophet sheweth , that though a man for a time swel , not hauing an vpright heart , yet afterward he sodainely vanisheth away , as a bubble of water : for as a bladder with the wind is soone drawne out ; so the vngodly with conceit of his reason seemeth to bee puft vp , but all is but inconstancie . The iust man saith the Prophet shall liue by faith , not by workes ( as some would dreame ) for all the shift of them that will be righteous in themselues , will bee as a bubble of water ; but the iust man beleeuing the forgiuenes of sinne , looking for euerlasting life , staying himselfe on the promises and prouidence of God , hath true soundnesse in him . Hee shall liue , saith the Prophet , noting perpetuitie of time . So the man of God his meaning is , I shall liue . i. perpetually and for euer . Wee see then the great mercie of God , that commeth by the knowledge of the Worde , in that wee finde how hee deliuereth vs from wrath , and taketh vs into his fauour : he rescueth vs from sinne , and clotheth vs with righteousnes : he taketh from vs death , and restoreth to vs life . But marke who speaketh these words ; doth this man of God attaine to such an heroicall spirit , as to crie , graunt me vnderstanding ? and shall wee thinke ourselues sufficiently rich , well sighted , and that wee are so well clothed , that wee neede no such prayer ? We are like the Laodiceans , who hearing the word were neither hote nor cold : Seeing then we are rather Laodiceans , than Dauids ; wee must crie , Lord giue vs vnderstanding , that we may liue . Then let vs learne by other mens harmes , which is a princely and heroicall kind of teaching . For as Princes children are taught themselues in their owne persons , but are not beaten , seeing rather others beaten before them : so the Lord preacheth to our persons , but punisheth other persons round about vs , sparing vs , that we by their sinnes and stripes may learne to amend and to repent in prayer . There is a winter after haruest , after heate colde , and it is vsuall with the Lord to tempe● his blessings most sweete , with some crossings most sower . Wherefore let vs pray with our Prophet for the vnderstanding of God his word , not onely to be bettered in our mindes , but also reformed in our liues . Then no diuell , no hell , no plague , no pestilence , shall hurt vs ; yea those troublesome trials , which vnto others are testimonies of God his wrath ; shall be vnto vs seales of his loue ▪ which although the world cannot discerne , yet by faith we shall both finde it and feele it . PORTION . 19. COPH. Vers ▪ 145. I haue cried with mine whole heart : heare me , O Lord , and I will keepe thy statutes Vers. 146. I called vpon thee : saue mee , and I will keepe thy testimonies . IN the last verse of the former part he set downe the righteousnesse of GODS lawe , hee prayed therefore that hee might haue vnderstanding and liue ; and therefore they that are ignorant haue no life in them , because life is onely reuealed in the word . Sinners then hauing not receiued the word , are dead : for the life of sinne is the death of man. And our first father was dead when hee had sinned , and they who liued in pleasure , and all other sinners are dead ; though they for a while prolong their life on earth , yet at death the soule goeth to hell , and waiteth there for the bodie : and this cuise waiteth on all , Cursed are all that continue not in all things , &c. and after Gods great suffering they shall be cut off . Hee knew that the beginning of this life was in the word , and hee also knewe that the continuance of it , was in the word , by the grace of God ; and therefore hee laboured to haue it increased by the word , because he was conuinced by his infirmitie that hee might lose it , as Adam did : and therefore hee seeketh to finish the course of his saluation with feare . If Dauid whose zeale had consumed him did yet in this sort pray , how much more ought we , which for euery light trouble are discouraged in our dutie . He prayeth for the vnderstanding of the word , because the diuell wil be ready to allure vs from the word , if we be inclined thereto : as he dealt with Christ , when he laide our scripture against it . And yet he liketh not of those that rest in the literall sense , but hee craueth the spirit to teach him according to the word : for the spirit quickeneth , and flesh and blood doth not reueale these things ; and all that are of God , must bee taught of God , Isa. 54 yet alwaies agreeable to the word . Now in this part he prayeth that he may haue vnderstanding and ease from his trouble : this request he groundeth on these reasons : first , of his earnestnes , in the foure first verses : secondly , in respect of his enemies , in the sixt verse : and thirdly , in respect of Gods mercies , in the fift , seuenth and eight verses . In the foure first verses he setteth downe his earnest desire and zeale that he had , and he prayeth that he may haue a good conscience , in the first verse ; and faith in the promises , in the second verse : teaching that these two were al the comfort that he had in trouble , when he suffered for well-doing , and had his sinnes forgiuen , and had the fauour of God. Then if we will stand in trouble , let vs labour to be grounded on the promises of forgiuenes of sinnes , of a new life , of his fatherly prouidence ; and let this purge vs from sin : and if we can doe this , then nothing shall seperate vs from God , as Paul saith Rom. 8. and againe he saith , there is no condemnatiō to them that are in Christ , for they haue his spirit to purge them from sinne , and to strengthen their faith . The want of these causeth men to step backe , and the weakenes of our faith & the carelesnes of these causeth such feare in Gods children , and such shrinking : for the diuel layeth their sinnes to their charge , which they see not discharged , and their faith is weake , and therefore they are diuing vp and down . And surely trouble must come to all , for so it is ordained , though to some lesse than others : and therefore when it commeth , we are faint , if we haue not been carefull to keepe a good conscience , and to strengthen our faith . But if we haue done thus , then shall death be pleasant vnto vs , for wee shall be blessed , Apoc. 12. and our workes shall follow vs , that is , our faith and the fruites of our faith . Againe if wee suffer for our sinnes &c. then wee want faith and a good conscience , and therefore we murmur and crie out , yea and goe to witches and wisards . Yea Gods children , though they come not to this grosse sinning , yet they inwardly grudge , and they haue secret murmurings , because they haue failed in strengthening their faith , & keeping a good conscience : but the children of God that make Christ all in all , they say the Lord giueth , and the Lord taketh , this is the patience of Gods children . And Iob did not faile , till his faith failed : and though his three learned aduersaries reasoned against him to proue him an hypocrite , yet his conscience sustained him , and therefore reckoneth vp his vertues , chapter 28. and 31. And he also confessed his faith , I know that my Redeemer liueth : this was his faith , and this was his conscience that in his trouble sustained him . These things haue no lesse fruite in prosperitie ; for the want of them cause men to lift vp themselues on high , but the word represseth pride , lust , and loue of worldly things ; so that they are ●●ū●le in prosperitie : for the worldlings seeke after the things of this world , because they neuer felt the peace of conscience ; they seeke their owne glorie , because they neuer felt what the glory of God was , and neuer seeke knowledge ; because they know not what the soule is . Yea the children of God , because they labour not continually to keepe a good conscience , and to strengthen their faith , they are carried away with the loue of earthly things , after the example of the wicked : for prosperitie is as a floud which carieth all things with it , and as well good as bad ; and therefore they are often caried away with the loue of these outward things . But the children of God which doe diligently labour after these things , they behaue themselues so , as that God may be glorified by their prosperitie and aduersitie : for in prosperitie they chiefly set by the forgiuenes of sins , and euerlasting life , and if these be once sure then for other things if they haue them , they take them as ouerplus of his fauour , and confesse that wisedome is good with an inheritance : yet if these things come not , the feare of God and his word is neuer the lesse acceptable , and can be content ●o say with Iacob , if I may haue meate and drinke and cloath , then will I be content , as Paul commandeth . And if they haue abundāce , then they are in the house of mourning , knowing that those things may be taken away , Eccles. 7. And thus we see Iob walked war●ly euen in the midst of prosperitie . Though men know this , yet because they doe not practise it , therefore it ought to be often repeated , and this shall take excuse from the wicked , and it is safe for the children of God. In the foure first verses are generally set downe his care and zeale : first , his zeale and feruencie : secondly , his truth without hypocrisie : thirdly that he desired nothing , but agreeing to Gods will , that he might keepe Gods commaundements : fourthly , his perseuerance : fiftly , his faith , his patience , and hope : sixtly , the meanes to confirme his faith : seuenthly , the meditation of Gods iudgements to confirme his faith . He deuoured not his griefes , nor nourished his vnbeleefe , but sought the remedy thereof by the promises of God. And this often commeth to passe that men haue wants , and yet bite on the bridle , and therefore they obtaine not , because they haue not faith to pray , I am . 1. as the Israelites did long bite on the bridle , and at last cried and were helped : therefore it is a great grace , when we can make our wants knowne by prayer . These properties of prayer are necessarie , for certaine Heretikes , which reason , either God will giue , or not giue ; and if he will , we need not aske ; if he will not , it is vaine to aske . But we might answere , that then the prayers of Gods children in the Scriptures , and the precepts of prayer are not in vaine . Againe , the promises of God were in vaine , which are made to our prayers : or else they might be fed without bread , and doe other things without meanes . But God hath appointed vs to pray , that he might trie our obedience , and that he might giue his blessing to vs : so that we must vse that , if we will attaine his mercie . His feruencie is noted by crying , which noted the earnestnes of the affection , not the loudnes of the voyce . The voyce is loude when it commeth to God , as Anna and Samuel are said to crie , and yet they speake not : so the blood of Habel cried Paul Rom. 8 teacheth what this crying is , namely , the earnest desire of the hart , which is the prayer in the spirit : Ephes. 6. and 1. Thes. 1. he prayeth for the spirit , as the most secret part of their heart , as Mary : My soule reioyced , and my spirit &c. And thus it ought to be , because God is a spirit . Iames in the last chapter noteth it by feruentnes , which is commended Rom. 12. then we must labour that our most secret parts may be occupied , when we pray to God. Then he rebuketh coldnes of prayer : for all men doe know that God in the giuer of all things , and therefore all pray , yea Heretikes and wordly men will pray , yet many prayers are customarie and of fashion . This zeale may be come to , if we craue of God the feeling of our wants ; as the want of meate causeth the stomacke to desire meate ; and hereof commeth feruencie ( Rom. 8. ) and our wants must be considered in respect of our selues , or of others : and not onely in affliction , but also in prosperitie , whose baites haue caused Gods children to take as great wounds at Sathan , as euer they did in aduersitie . And prosperitie will make a man careles and proud , and vaineglorious ; as aduersitie doth make a man despaire ; and a man is in as great danger in prosperitie , as in aduersitie . Therefore wee haue as great neede to complaine in prosperitie , as in aduersitie . And therefore though some of great iudgement haue thought , that O Lord haue mercy on vs , and make ●●ste to helpe vs , and such like prayers , being made in the aduersity of the church , ought not to be vsed now in this prosperity . Yet I dare not discredit the iudgment of the ancient in this respect , seeing that it may at all times be made with profit , if there be vnderstanding ; for there is euer neede to make this prayer , ●od therefore it may with profit be made . Our wants must be considered either in our selues , or in others : and in our selues , either in respect of faults in vs , or of good things which we want : and in others , either in respect of the whole state , or of some particular persons . And for our sinnes wee haue euer great neede to pray , and the great barrennes of good things ought to force vs vnto prayer . And the great wants which wee see in our selues , as the emptines of good things : & againe , the great danger of the temptation of the flesh , the world and the diuell . And therefore when Christ had taught his Disciples to pray for the forgiuenes of sinnes , in the next words hee biddeth them pray for the deliuerance from temptation . Now our Creede teacheth vs to belieue that our sinnes are forgiuen vs ; and we haue neede to pray , Leade vs not into temptation : therefore euen after we belieue the forgiuenes of sinnes , wee may be tempted to euill : & so Peter , so soone as he had confessed CHRIST to be the sonne of God , was tempted to dehort his Maister from suffering ; yea , to denie him , as hee did indeede . And therefore whilest they haue not looked to this , the children of God , when they haue most flourished , haue foulie fallen : as Noah , when he had bin deliuered from the flood by the Arke , yet fell into drunkennes . So Adam , Lot , Peter , and others . Therefore these manifold infirmities of our soules ought to moue vs to pray . And as the soule hath in it the roote of all sinne , so the bodie hath in it the roote of all diseases : and therefore to pray against sudden death , which hath sometime raigned in the Church , though now wee bee free from it , and manifold diseases , which now wee are subiect to ; these things seeing they are in our selues ▪ therefore in respect of our selues we haue need to pray . Againe , the manifold necessities and wants of the Church both in spirituall and temporall graces , the wants of our wiues , whom wee haue receiued of God , so wee must yeeld to God againe : also the wants of our children , and such like , ought to moue vs continually to pray . But those couetous men which liue and die to themselues , shall once see what need they had to pray , and feele the want of their prayers . Againe , if wee had no neede at all to pray , yet where is our zeale to Gods glorie ? how should we be moued , when we see God dishonoured by the wicked liues of many , and also by the heresies which doe greatly flourish ? Also the dulnesse of our wit , and weakenesse of memorie , and other gifts of the minde , which are often greatly weakened , and often taken away : these ought to moue vs to pray that they may be continued with vs. Also in prosperitie , for then the diuell doth moue vs to presume , as hee moueth to despayre in aduersitie : and hee preuaileth by accusation of sinne in aduersitie , against none , but those which haue presumed in prosperitie . Againe , in our goods , the danger of fire , theeues , &c : that wee are in . And if we thinke that wee can by wisedome be warie , then wee deceiue our selues : for the most wa●ie haue bene deceiued . Also in our iourneyes , the danger that we are in : likewise in our names , wee haue great cause to be carefull : for that an ill name commonly followeth the profession of the Gospell : and therefore in the Psalmist they often pray against false tongues , especially that God may be glorified by their good names . Also the want of wiues , children , seruants , and euery man in that calling wherein hee is , as the Minister in his calling , as Paul : who is sorie and I am not sorie ? and the Magistrates in their circuites , when either they are sluggish themselues , or for want of lawes , cannot doe what they would . Also the vntowardnes of our kindred , whereby we are often discredited . Likewise , when we haue enemies , wee haue neede to pray that we be not circumuented by them , and also we must pray for them . Then in the Church we shall see such scarcenes of Preachers , such a company of Heretikes , and other wants , as if the communion of Saints be deare to vs , must needes moue vs to pray . The Common-wealth also , being subiect to priuie conspiracie , and for raine war whereby it might be ouerthrowne : these , if men be louers of their countrie , will teach them what neede they haue to pray . Then if wee see these wants , wee must pray that God will touch vs with the feeling of them , and also that he would make vs thankfull for turning so many iudgements from vs , and so many mercies to vs. With my whole heart . That is , without hypocrisie he laid it out before the Lord , that he might receiue helpe from him . And this the Lord requireth in our prayers . For though many doe pray and yell , yet because they pray with great corruption , and haue not powred out their heart , therfore they haue not been heard . The heart of man is most vnsearchable , and no man can finde it out , but the Lord discloseth it . And therefore neither we , nor others can see it , Ierem. ●7 . 9. This may appeare by those that immediatly vpon the fact , or when punishment is vpon them , will be sorie : but a little after , when the shame and punishment is past , then are they no more touched with it . So when wee are sicke , when wee are in danger of any losse , wee seeme to pray with our whole hearts : yet after wee remember not our vowes , which sheweth that we examined not our hearts . As the Lord doth search the heart , so doth his word : for all things are open to it , and it reuealeth the secret corners and hypocrisie of our hearts , if we will apply it to vs , and not thinke that the word is spoken to others . As wee cannot see our face but in a glasse : so we cannot see our hearts without the word . And if in the word wee will see our hearts , then must we bring them to the presence of God : for he hateth hypocrisie , & will be worshipped in truth , and therefore we must be true Israelites . For , seeing that we haue to doe with God , we must come in feare and truth : for the Angels couer their faces , Esay 6 and Gods people euen when they had ioyfull messages yet feared , and said they should dye ; because they had seene the Lord ; as we see in Daniel , Z●charie , Mary , &c. at the presence of an Angell , much more of God. A naturall subiect feareth when he seeth his Prince , especially when he hath made a fault : so we if we bring our selues to Gods presence , we shall be greatly humbled ; as the man of God doth Psalm . 139. which is most notable for this purpose . And this counsell giueth Dauid to his enemies , Psal. 4 Tremble and sinne not . And 1. Cor. 5. Paul approoueth himselfe to God in all things , because all must appeare before God. And Act. 23. he beleeueth that the Lord will come to iudge the quicke and dead ▪ and therefore he laboureth to keepe a good conscience . And surely if we could doe this , to set God before vs in all our thoughts , words , and deedes , with feare , as he is a glorious God ; and with loue , as he is our God in Christ : wee should flie from sinne , because if wee should sinne , it would be reuealed vnto vs , and we should also be in some measure prepared to performe the good , and auoide ill . When he prayeth that he may keepe Gods statutes , he sheweth that he desireth nothing but that which is agreeable to Gods will. So must we in our prayers first desire the things that are for the glory of God , and those things that are good for vs ; according to his good pleasure , whether it be to receiue mercy , or to haue punishment turned from vs. This is the cause why we obtaine not , because we aske amisse . Iam. 4. Many aske things not agreeable to Gods will , and yet haue them ; as heretikes , idolaters , witches , theeues , &c. yet they obtaine not these things in mercy , but to their further condemnation ; which he graunteth to his children for their good . Thus he gaue quailes to the Israelites , yet he sent leannes to their soules , which turned to their destruction . And thus haue heretikes , &c. their euill requests graunted . This is the greatest signe of Gods wrath , when by these things hee prepareth them to their iust destruction . This then is no argument that wee should aske things contrary to his will. As their faith is euill , so they haue according to their faith . Vers. 147 and 148. I preuented the morning Light and cryed , &c. Mine eyes preuent the night-watches , &c. WEe may note his great diligence in resorting often to prayer , and his sundrie times frequenting of it . In which diligence , for our instruction , let vs obserue three things . First , often asking . Secondly , Wisedome in this often asking . Thirdly , cheerefulnes in asking . First , wee know , they that are diligent in prayer , will aske often , and can hardly satisfie themselues in their desires , as wee may note in the Prophet , by these former and such like speeches : where we must learne thus much . We must not be content to vse one sigh , or one grone , and away , or a fewe words , and then thinke wee haue prayed well , but we must be importunate with God. That this holie importunitie is to be vsed , wee may see by our Sauiour Christs words , Luk : 21. vers . 36. Watch & pray continually ▪ and by the Apostles exhortation . 1. Thess. 5 ▪ Pray continually ; in which places the holy Ghost commendeth assiduitie in prayer . Wherefore God often denyeth vs our requests , because we vse not to pursue and prosecute them with seruent prayer . For if we haue prayed twice or thrice for one thing ▪ and yet are not heard , but receiue as it were the repulse , wee straitway surcease , and leaue off our prayers : contrarie to the practise of this man of God ; who would not suffer any repulse , but still continued his prayer both morning and euening . So that wee are to know , that if we will obtaine mercie , God will sometime deferre his graunt to trie vs , whether wee aske carefully or no , whether wee truly and reuerently esteeme of the thing prayed for , whether wee belieue throughly his mercies and promises , and whether wee will as thankefully vse it , when we haue it , as we did carefully pray for it , before we had it . The Lord cannot away with our cold asking , and when we giue but one sigh , and there comes sometime one teare , which is as the teare of an harlot ; he seeth that we feele not our wants throughly ; wee esteeme not of his mercies reuerently ; wee make not our request earnestly ; and therefore he sendeth vs often as emptie away as we came . Wee must then giue the Lord no leisure to be free , but prosecute our prayers with importunitie , as did the Widow mentioned in the Gospell . But we must remember in our often prayer , to vse the wisedome of the spirit , which was the second thing obserued in diligent prayer . For some vse prayer often , who wanting heauenly discretion , turne it to their owne discommoditie . For some haue peruerted most wickedly these places before alleaged , through too strict a consideration of the assiduitie of praier , and thought that they might giue ouer all their callings in an actiue and cruil life , and wholy and continually bestow all time on prayer . But this was too preposterous a diligence , which that wee may auoyd , it shall be true wisdome , so to deuide the times and seasons , as we may impart those times on prayer , which most may make for Gods glorie , and which best make for our calling . And for those places of our Sauiour Christ and the Apostle , wherein wee are commaunded to pray continually : the meaning is , that we should alwayes be ready and affected to pray , in prosperitie and aduersitie , and at all seasons fit for prayer , that is , when the Lord doth call vs to it , and our estate doth require it . This doctrine is easie to be heard , but hard to be practised . Well ; then this is true wisdom to choose the Sabbath wholy to be spent in the word and prayer from morning to night : and so to deuide the seasons in the other dayes of the weeke , as with Dauid and Daniel ▪ we may pray at morning , noontide , and euening , and that therewith we haue a speciall care to bestow the rest of our time in walking in our calling . For as there is a time of hearing , so there is a time of putting that in vse which we haue heard : as there is a Sabbath for Gods owne worship ; so there is sixe dayes for vs to labour in : and as there is a time of praying ; so there is also a time of practising . Neither would the Lord haue vs alwayes reading , hearing , or praying ; but after we haue read , heard , and prayed , to shew forth the fri●● of them in our conuersation to his glorie . And as heretikes in the primitiue Church , and since that time Monkes and Friers haue laboured to teach a continuall praying ; so euen at this day Sathan bewitched the hearts of many with that perswasion ; wherefore wee must knowe , that the Lord will haue obedience , rather than sacrifice , and mercie more than burnt offerings . For why doe we heare , but to learne obedience ? and why doe wee pray , but to put our prayer in practise ? or why haue we knowledge , but to vse it to Gods glorie ? Neither doth that saying of our Sauiour Christ to Martha vithstand this doctrine , although many heretikes haue both obiected and peruerted this place , to make it serue their purpose ; who falsely alleage the place , saying , Mary hath chosen the better part ; whereas the true wordes are , Mary hath chosen the good part : in which place Martha was not reproued in that shee was a good huswife , or for that she entertained Christ ; but for ouermuch labouring in her huswiferie and entertainement , at such time as she should haue been better occupied . Neither was Mary commended for that she did nothing but heare and pray ; but for her wisedome , in hearing Christ carefully at that time when he preached ; and in that she knew , that Christ did lesse care , and would be better satisfied , though her p●ou●sion was more slender , than that to more solemne preparation , they should neglect the doctrine , which was the foo●e of their soules . Otherwise it must be supposed , that Mary was as carefull an huswife as Martha , for els vndoubtedly our Sauiour Christ would not haue so commended her for wisely discerning the times , especially seeing the holy Scriptures count them worse than infidels , which will not prouide for their families . But this doctrine is sweet to them that maintaine it , that thereby they might auoide all laborious callings , and al crosses which commonly accompanie the same . ●or it is the subtill policie of Sathan , when hee cannot get vs to neglect prayer , to endeuour to bring vs preposterously to vse and frequent prayer , by causing vs to lay aside our callings ; which according to Gods holy ordinance we had professed : wherefore let vs labour in this wisedom of the spirit wholy to take vp the Sabbath to the Lord , and so d●u●●e our other times , as we may still perseuere in our callings , which if we doe , we shal haue better motions , and not incurre so dangerous opinions as we should doe , if we gaue our selues to continuall reading and praying . But shall we speake of this doctrine in this our age , which rather needeth a spurre than a bridle ? wherein many pray but obtaine not , because they are not diligent : many heare but are fruitlesse , because they vse no diligence . For besides that they want this wisedome of the Sabbath , that that is appointed for the growing of their soules , is spent in worldly cares . These kinde of men haue their soules very barren , who neither vse the Sabbath , nor redeeme other times of their callings , to bestowe any thing in hearing or praying : or if happily they doe heare , they rather make it a matter to ●arpe at , than to be instructed by it . These men as they will heare no true things , so they will heare false ; and though they will marke no good things , yet they will marke ill things : not that there is any thing false or ill in the word ; but in that as to an humble spirited man the Lord maketh the word the sauour of life vnto life : so vnto them that are ill minded , the Lord maketh it the sauour of death vnto death , and giueth them ouer in the pride of their hearts vnto Sathan , that hee may delude them ; by deceiueable colours For many will be readie in hearing to snatch at this and that , if any thing may make to cloake their licentiousnes ; who as they haue itching eares , and greedie mindes to hunt after euill : so by the iust iudgement of God , they fall into the misunderstanding of the word . And to speake the truth , doe we thinke that the diuell like a roring Lion co●passeth vs about , the flesh daily rebelleth against the spirit , the world continuilly sighteth against vs , are wee truly conscious of that ignorance which ouerwhelmeth vs , and gu●●tie of those manifold temptations which daily ouercome vs , and shall we not thinke that there is great neede to vse the meanes to withstand these , which is the word and prayer ? Nay , Gods children notwithstanding they vse prayer feruently , and accustome themselues to the word diligently , feele the diuell so strong , the flesh so subtile , the world so deceiueable , that they thinke not the Sabbath sufficient ; but redeeme all time possible , to bestowe in the meanes to withstand their assaults . Besides , if we must needes eate euery day to preserue natural life , needs must we giue our selues to the word and prayer euery day , to preserue that life which wee haue in Christ Iesus . Two sermons on the Sabbath are not sufficient for a man to feede on all the weeke after , if he be well acquainted with his owne wants , if hee truely consider of his dangers . Our Sauiour Christ willeth vs , if we wil obtaine , to aske earnestly , if we wil find , to seeke diligently , if we will enter , to knocke continually . Furthermore , this wisedome of the spirit must teach vs to bestowe that time in Gods worship , which is most fit in respect of Gods glory , and our owne estate : wherefore the children of God will not omit the morning , as being the fittest time for all good things . Humane wisedome teacheth , that in all things , wherein is any commendation & excellencie , the morning time especially is to be spent . The student for his studie , the world●ing for his deuising counteth this time againe . Yea the drunkard , saith the Prophet riseth early to be filled with wine . Wherefore if the word and prayer be our chiefest pleasures ; ●f the belly and the meate shall perish in time , but the word will make our soules co●ti●●●● for euer , seeing without it our soules cannot liue , and in respect of it all other things are ●●●●●ngbyes and accessories : then true wisedome to attaine to it , will make the best choyse of the morning . And if in things which are agreeable to nature , wee serue morning as an helpe to bring things to passe in , much more had we need to vse such helps in those things which are lesse agreeable to nature , aboue nature , yea contrarie to nature ; as is prayer , and the spirituall vnderstanding of the word . Nature and experiēce teach vs , that our memorie is quickest , our senses are readiest , our naturall powers ablest in the morning for meditation , because our mind is then free from ill , vaine , and worldly thoughts ; our memorie is renewed and hath recouered farre greater strength ▪ our senses are not in●eigled with any outward things ; our naturall powers being re●●●ed , haue then their greatest libertie . Wherfore seeing by nature we are not capable of the ●●●● ; but it goeth with nature as against the dreame or against the ●aire : now necessarie is it in the morning that the first thing to come to our eyes should be the temple of the Lord ▪ the first thing to our eares , his word , and to season our mindes with meditation of the same : so that wee may walke with Eliah all the day after , in the strength of those things , which out of the word of God we haue heard or read . And although no time is vnfit for the word and prayer : yet now we speake not simply what time is fit , but what time rather is most fit herein to be vsed . On the contrary , when we haue been trauailing in our worldly businesse ▪ many things haue occupied our senses , and after much trauaile , wee prouoke our appetite to receiue ●e●●e ; and after much l●bouring , and much eating ●o●ned ●●●● ea●●●es , much dulnes ●●●●peth vpon vs , which hardly will admit vs with any good profit to heare the word of God. For euen Gods children though they ●i●iue by all meanes , that they become not oppressed with meate and drinke ; and yet they feele after their ●epa●● , a naturall ●ea●ines and dulnes , which maketh them lesse able and fit to receieue the word with readme and reuerence . For to the receiuing of the word and prayer , two things especially are necessarie : that is , a prepared mind before we begin ; and an examination , that meditation with our selues after we haue ended : els , if we come hand ouer head , as good neuer a whit as neuer the better . True it is indeede , that as a man going continually in the sun shall in time haue a blacke hew : so in oft hearing a man may attaine to some knowledge , but he shall neuer without this true preparation and examination of his heart attaine to the soundnesse of iudgement Most needfull it is with prepared minds to come to the word and prayer ; because when we heare the word , the Lord commeth downe into the Church as it were among vs ; and when we pray , we mount vp as it were to heauen among the Angels : wherefore w●●re not to come to so high a banket with vnwashed ●●nds ▪ not to draw neere to the mariage , without our wedding garment ; but we must take heede , with what foote we enter into the house of the Lord , ●east happily we offer the sacrifice of fo●●es . For foo●es thinke they haue done well , when they haue giuen their bodily presence , when they haue heard and prayed as others doe , neuer preparing their hearts , or examining their owne wants . But wee must learne truly to search our selues , and according to our nec●ssities wee must pray that the ●i●is●ers mouth may be opened , who i● preaching is the mouth of God speaking to vs , and in praying is our mouth speaking to God for vs. And surely as for the hearty desire of the godly , euen euill men haue somtimes their mouthes opened to speake some good things ; Euen so for want of this affection in the hearers , the good minister doth not speake so plentifully and fruitfully as were to bee wished . Wherefore , standest thou in neede to be comforted ? standest thou in neede to be humbled ? standest thou in neede to be exhorted ? pray that thine heart may be prepared to conceiue those things which especially concerne thine estate , and that thy pastor may open his mouth to thy profit . For , for the prayers of the godly , the mouth of the vngodly shall vtter profitable things : Balaam shall blesse for Israels sake , and the Lord will be vnto them as an Vnicornes horne , against Balaams cursing : and Caiphas shall prophecie good things of Christ. On the contrary , because the people are ill , Dauid shall number them , and the Lord shall make drie & barren the graces of God in the minister , when the hearts of the hearers are not prepared . And as this preparing of our selues is necessary ; so also meditation , and applying that to our selues which wee haue heard and prayed for , that we may see how the word belongeth to vs , and what euent our prayers haue . For alas , what precious seede is cast in the high wayes side , because by meditation it is not laide vp , but the diuell is suffered to come and steale it from vs ? To what end is the word , if we hue not according to that which we haue learned ? If euery man shall enter thus into himselfe , O Lord , how many sermons haue I heard , but how little haue I profited by them ? how long haue thy ministers preached ? but how slenderly haue I practised ? then should he see what comfort he had in the life of IESVS CHRIST , when so many pearles haue bene cast to swine , and such holy things haue bene giuen to dogs . Likewise as needfull is this examination of our selues in prayer ; if that , after I haue prayed I haue obtained , mine heart may be enlarged to thanksgiuing : if I haue not receiued , I may search the cause in mine owne conscience , & thinke , that the Lord would haue me still to continue my prayers vnto him . Wherefore , seeing we must thus prepare our mindes before , and examine our hearts after , and we are vnapt to heare or pray , after we are refreshed , because our mindes are laden and our bodies are heauie , it shal be good in the morning so soone as we awake , to meditate of GOD our Creatour , to call to minde the glorie of the Appearing of CHRIST , to consider of the day of the Resurrection , and to muse of our rising to Iudgement . Thus doing , we shall see as in a present viewe , all the graces of God set as it were before our eyes , and and many comfortable things of Gods spirit comming to our mindes . This wee see was the practise of the man of God in this place , I preuented ( saith he ) the morning light . Againe , if in the night , wee will but giue a good sigh when wee awake , although I meane not to take away all naturall refection , wee shall finde great comfort in it . Thus if wee spend the morning in the word and prayer , we shall so walk in the strength of those things which we heare and pray for all the day long , as wee shall vse this Worlde , as though wee vsed it not ; wee shall no further vse our callings , then they be helpes to a better countrie : we shall haue our direction out of the word , what to doe , and what to leaue vndone , wee shall doe all things the better to Gods glorie , and to the possessing of our soules continually in peace and patience . If yet this doctrine be not sufficient to perswade vs , the verie Idolaters will teach vs it , who will rise early and breake their sleepes to goe to the masse : when Aaron had yeelded to the people for making of a calfe , it is said , The people did rise early in the morning . If then Idolaters for their superstitions can cut off their sleepe that in the morning they might leaue in them the deeper impressions , why should wee bee slacke to bestow this time in the musing of the word , that wee may feele the more effectuall operation of it all the day following ? What shall I speake of that , Act. 2. That the holie Ghost came downe on the Apostles in the morning : as may be gathered by the sermon of Peter , when as he telleth them , that it was but the third houre of the day . Where it may appeare , that they before being occupied in prayer and ministring of the Worde , the holie Ghost came downe vpon them . Thus wee see the fittest time to receiue the holy Ghost is in the morning . In euery place almost of the Prophecyes it is sayde , the Lorde stretched out his Arme earlie by the Prophets , to teach vs that this should be the aptest time , both to deliuer and to receiue the word . If then students , worldlings , Epicures , and idolaters haue made their gain● of the morning ; if the holy Ghost was then sent downe , and the Prophets at that time would ▪ each : let vs with the Prophet of God preuent the Morning light , and take vp the first p●rt of the day , in wisedome of the spirit to the Lords behalfe . The third thing which we noted was cheerfulnes , whereby we should cherish , fe●de , and support our diligence , without which we can doe nothing diligently long , but we must also doe it painefully . Wherefore the man of God saith , Psalm . 42. 4. I went with the multitude , and led them into the house of God , with the voyce of singing & praise , as 〈…〉 keepeth a feast . This spirit of cheerefulnes ( oh that it were in vs ) that we might say one to another when the bell tolleth , as though the Lord calleth vs , come , let vs go● to ▪ other ●o the house of God , let vs goe cheerfully : for we goe to a feast , we goe to heare God speake vnto vs , and to be partakers of the banket of his word . Well , there is not any one sinne that will more sit vpon the conscience of Gods children , then their negligence in prayer , and want of cheerefulnes in hearing the word , which is the onely meanes to make vs fruitfull in good things , and to withdraw vs from euill . Thus to support diligence , wee must vse cheerfulnesse , without the which , diligence languisheth , fainteth , and faileth . Therefore the Prophet saith , Psalm . 95. Come , let vs reioyce , let vs sing aloud , let vs come before his face with praise , let vs sing aloud vnto ●am with Psalms . Neither must women heere shake off their duties , as though they were to excuse themselues from comming : for in many places of the scriptures wee reade of the zeale of women , which ouerpassed the zeale of manie men . Luk 8. We reade how certaine women came and followed our Sauiour Christ , and were healed of their infirmities . Mary is commended for her wisedome , in chusing and discerning the times aright . M●●i● , and Mary Magdalen are set downe in the Gospell , for comming early to the sepulcher of our Sauiour Christ , who first appeared vnto them , because they first sought him , Math. 28. we read also , Act. 16. that certaine women came to Philippj , to heare Paul and Timothie and that a certaine woman named Lydia , a seller of purple , attended to the things which Paul spake , who therefore had her heart opened before other men . Well , in loue there is no lacke , in cheerfulnes there is no negligence , in good will there is no want . And surely , if wee were more cheerfull in these things , we should see such good successe , that we should be grieued with our selues in that we vsed it not before . The next thing we obserue in prayer was Faith , for that we might thus be diligent , it is needfull wee should belieue , and be confident ; for as we must be throwne downe with the feeling of our wants , so must we be raised vp againe , with faith in the promises ; because as neede pulls vs vpon our knees , so Faith brings vs to true prayer , hauing a sure perswasion thereby , that we shall obtaine . This faith appeareth here in the man of God , saying , I waited on thy word , which he did , because he belieued , that the Lord would giue vnto him whatsoeuer he did aske . Wherfore our Sauiour Christ oft vseth these speeches , Thy Faith hath made thee whole : according to thy faith , be it vnto thee . Iames saith , 5. 15. The prayer of the faithfull , shall saue the si●ke . Rom. 10. How shall they pray to him in whom they haue not beli●ued ? I am , 1. 6. Let him that wanteth wisedome aske in Faith , and wauer not , for hee that wandreth , is like a waue of the ●ea , t●st of the winde and caryed away . Neither let that man thinke he shall receiue any thing of the Lord. So that it is the sure perswasion of Gods mercie towards vs , that lifteth vs vp hands and eyes , euen as the feeling of our wants draweth out ●ig●es and groanes . So that if we belieue , that God feedeth the yong rauens that call vpon him , and gioeth foode to the Lyons , wee must much more belieue that his eares are open to the prayers of his children , & his eyes are ouer the righteous , which call vpon him faithfully . Hitherto saith CHRIST , haue yee asked nothing of my Father , aske now in my Name , and yee shall obtaine . And the Author to the Hebr. 4 16. exhorteth vs , saying , Let vs goe boldly to the Throne of grace , that wee may obtaine mercie . For nothing more grieueth the Lorde than incredulitie , and they that will come to God must belieue Gods promises , and that they shall finde him fauourable to them . Howbeit , we must alwayes remember this , that all the pomises of GOD are in CHRIST , yea , & amen . 2. Cor. 2. For neuer are the promises effectuall without faith , and no Faith without belieuing in God , through Iesus Christ. Now that Faith may be the more strengthened , we must ioyne there unto patience . For that we may be faithfull , it is needfull to waite on Gods leisure , in tarying by patience , to haue our prayers graunted , according to those promises , wherein by Faith wee belieued . We see , the man of God his Faith was not here cut off at the first brunt , as being discouraged or ready to breake his faith , for he saith , I wai●e on thy word . Likewise he saith , Psal. 135. I haue waited on the Lord , my soule hath waited , and I haue trusted in his word 6. My soule waiteth on the Lord , more then the morning watch watcheth for the morning . 7. Let Israel waite on the Lord , &c. Behold , after he made mention of the mercie of the Lord , he speaketh three times of his patience in wayting on him ; so that we see this to bee the propertie of Gods children , first vndoubtedly to take hold of his promises , and then to support their faith by patience , in wayting for the accomplishment of his promises . Wherefore it is saide , Psalm . 147. 10. The Lord hath no pleasure in the strength of an horse , neither delighteth hee in the legges of man. 11. But the Lord delighteth in them that feare him , and attend vpon his mercie , that is , on them that tarrie on Gods lessure for their succour . And when our Sauiour CHRIST would haue vs perseuere , hee saith , Apocal. vlt. I come quicklie . Whereby , as hee would incite vs to attend the more patiently vpon his comming : So wee must knowe , that the cause why hee yet commeth not , is , because wee are not yet ready to receiue him . To conclude , Hab●c : 2. I will stand vpon my watch , and set mee vpon the Towre , &c. saith the Prophet ; and the Lord answered him and saide , 2. Write the vision , and make it plaine vpon tables , that hee may runne that readeth it . 3. For the vision is yet for an appointed time , but at the last it shall speake , and not lie : though it tarrie , waite , or it shall surely come , and shall not stay . Hee will tarrie long to the iudgement of flesh and blood , when hee seemeth not to heare vs , but hee will come quicklie ; that is , so soone as wee are prepared . They may see the fruite of this doctrine , which are most giuen vnto prayer . Now , wee are not to prescribe the Lord his time in hearing our prayers , or graunting our requests , that wee must tarri● Gods appointed time , wherein wee shalt see the mightie wonders of the Lord. That wee may thus be patient and not fainte , but be constant , wee must feede our mindes with the meditation of Gods promises , whereby we haue shewed , the Prophet of God here supporteth himselfe , neither is any thing more necessarie then this For when to prooue our patience and trie our Faith , there is often a great distance of time betweene the making and obtaining of our requests , wee must haue the Word still recoursing in our minde , vntill the promised time come . For want of which meditation , together with the not obseruing the euent of our prayers , and the want of musing , and diligent examining our vnbeliefe , wee often faile in obtaining our requests , and fainte in tarying of the Lords leisure . We see what the man of God his meaning is , when he saith , Mine eye preuented the night watches ; in that hee declareth , that they which watched were not so diligent in their watching , as he was in tarying to see Gods promises accomplished . We see then , dow needfull a thing it is , to meditate on Gods promises , at such time , as our suit hangeth still at the Throne of grace , without graunt and effect . Vers : 149. Heare my voyce according to thy louing kindenesse : O Lord , quicken mee according to thy custome . THe last propertie which wee are to obserue , is , to bee acquainted with the dealings of GOD , either in recompencing his Saints , or reuenging his enemies , either in our selues obserued , or in others . Whereof the Prophet maketh mention when he saith , quicken mee according to thy iudgement : that is , according to thy custome , or as thou art wont to deale with thy people in affliction , and as thou hast done before , both to mee , and also to other of thy seruants . That this obseruation of the iudgement of God hath bene at other times practised , we may see , Ps. 22. where , after the man of God had complaine ! of his manifolde extremities , and had rehearsed his grieuous sorrowes , wherwith he was vexed , he recouereth himselfe , and groweth in hope saying . 4 Our fathers trusted in thee , they trusted , and thou ●●dd●st aeluer them . 5. They called vpon thee , and were deliuered , they trusted in thee , and were not confoundded . As if he should haue said : Lord thou art w●nt to deale otherwise in time of olde with our forefathers , that feared thy name : wherefore seeing thou art now the same God , I will not be out of hope , because I trust thou wilt deale mercifully also with me . We haue often shewed , how iudgement in this Psalme is taken either for the accomplishment of Gods promises vnto his children , or the executing of his wrath on his enemies ; so that there is a iudgement of mercy , and there is a iudgement of seueritie ; the first whereof is vnderstood in this place , as we may gather by the wordes going before , Heare my voyce , O Lord , according to thy louing kindnes : of which couenant of mercy hee also maketh mention in the next portion vers . 7. Consider , O Lord , how I loue thy precepts , quicken me according to thy louing kindnes . This is that couenant of grace wherein the Lord hath promised to pardon our sinnes , and to heare our prayers ; wherefore though in respect of Gods wrath and our sinnes , we dare not appeare before his Maiestie , yet in comparing our cause , which is the Lords cause , with the cause of our aduersaries , who are also the aduersaries of God , and in respect of his mercy in defending his owne cause , and in preseruing them that maintaine a good cause , we may come with boldnes vnto him , and with an assured hope that our prayers shall be heard . Thus wee may call to minde how God is accustomed to deale with his people , fearing before him in respect of our selues , but recouering our selues through hope in his sweete promises , whereon wee must ●o stay our selues , as the remembrance of them may support vs : and to doe this the better , we must obserue the accomplishment of them both in our selues , and in others . Thus we may see what a great stay it is in trouble , to know that no other trouble ouertaketh vs , none other temptation hath inuaded vs , than such as haue ouertaken and inuaded other of Gods children , & wherein they haue found deliuerance . Further , wee may herein desire the Lord to affoord sentence with vs , when our cause is good though we be not so vpright in defending it , as wee ought to be , or when our good cause is well handled ; and that not for our selues , but in respect of our aduersaries ill cause , he would deliuer vs. Wherefore when we will obtaine our requests , we must endeuour as much as in vs lieth , to offer a good cause vnto the Lord , and well handled . Vers. 150. They drawe neere , that followe after malice , and are farre from thy law . Vers. 151. Thou art neere , O Lord : for all thy commaundements are true . WE shewed before , that the man of God to the obtaining of his request vseth three especiall arguments : the one drawne from his person in the first foure verses : the other from the person of God in the fift verse : the third and last from the person of his aduersaries , contained in these two verses . The plaine sense whereof briefly is thus much : They , O Lord , that haue an ill cause , are readie to bring their wickednes to an end ; and as they are readie to hurt me , so they are farre from thy law : wilt thou then maintaine such ? they being so neere my necke ? No , they are no more neere to hurt , than thou art neere to deliuer me ; they are not neerer with malice , than thou art with deliuerance . Thus hee draweth away his consideration from the iudgemēt of flesh and blood , and looketh down to his watch-tower , and to the Lord his sanctuarie . O Lord , saith he , I haue cried , I haue called vpon thee , and that with mine whole heart ; I preuented the morning light , and the night-watches ; I waited on thy word , I mediated on thy word ; I haue obserued thy iudgements of old : when I am thus neere , wilt thou forsake me ? They are farre from thy word , canst thou leaue them vnpunished ? no , thou art neere their punishment , and my deliuerance . I know as they depart from thee , so they shall not escape vnpunished in the end , because their sinne is come to such ripenes , as thy iustice can no longer suffer them . It is a great temptation to Gods children , which haue walked vprightly and kept a good conscience , that the wicked should still be neere their neckes . Wherefore if any such thing hereafter happen to vs , we must not be discomforted , or thinke it very strange , seeing wee see this man of God was not without it : it is no new thing , wee must bee content seeing God hath so dealt aforetimes with many of his children . On what great cause of thanksgiuing now haue we , that hauing much more deserued to haue our enemies tramble vpon vs , than others of Gods Saints , haue notwithstanding so long time beene deliuered ? And if it come to passe that in time we come to the like temptation , let vs labour to be profitable in the like meditation . For flesh and blood thinke it strange , that wicked mē should flourish in the defending an ill cause , and that good men should be troden downe for maintaining a good cause . This troubled Iob , Dauid , Ieremie and Habacuk , to see that Gods people should be so tempted . Wherefore when we see the generation of Gods children condemned , and the generation of the wicked iustified , we must call to minde this or such like meditations : Seeing thou hast borne with mine enemies so long , it is now the day time to punish . The cause now why the wicked flourish so long , and why the Lord deferreth to helpe his childrē is , that the wicked may either by his long suffering come to repentance , or else be left excuselesse : Yea after he often stayeth to powre forth his vengeance , because their sinnes are not accomplished , and their iniquitie is not come to the full height , measure and number , and that his children might haue their secret sinnes punished here , that is , to humble them , to allure them to obedience , to trie their faith , to proue their patience , to worke in them a contempt of this world , and a desire of the world to come : so that that which they suffer vniustly of men , iustly they suffer of God. And when Gods children doe not thus profit , the Lord in mercie will let the rod still tarrie vpon them , vntill they haue profited in some good measure . Thus wee see the iustice of God wil not suffer him to punish , vntill sinne be come to the full , and the loue of God will not leaue to correct his , vntill there grow some profit ; and yet so , as in the meane time the chilren of God sustaine no losse , because whatsoeuer they outwardly lose , they inwardly gaine . Wherefore seeing the Lord hath promised , ) that the rod of the wicked shall not fall on the lot of the righteous : and that our temptation shall not bee greater than wee shall bee able to beare ; we must knowe , that when the godly once begin to faint , and the wicked thinke they are come to their height , euen then it is due time with the Lord to send happie deliuerance to the one , and a speedy ouerthrow of all the coun●●ls of the other . The man of God then hauing these effects in him , was neere his deliuerance : but the wicked being in their pride were neere Gods vengeance . How necessarie this doctrine is , common practise may admonish vs : for thus reasoneth flesh and blood in time of aduersitie : We haue thus long kept a good conscience , neither haue wee done against the will of God ; we haue serued the Lord this while , yet this is our gaine , our cause is not heard , our enemies crueltie is nothing diminished , but much increased , as though the Lord either heard vs not , or hath forgotten vs. But let vs learne to reason with the Prophet on the contrarie : Our enemies , O Lord , are neere to hurt vs : but thou art as neere to deliuer vs : what doe we but obey thee ? what doe they but disobey thee ? wilt thou then forsake the godly : and canst thou suffer the wicked to prosper ? No , thou art the Iudge of the whole world , it cannot be , for thy deliuerance and saluation is ready and neere for them , who labour to keepe faith , and to ioyne thereunto a good conscience . We see then when flesh and blood would perswade vs , that all time of deliuerance is past , euen then faith beholdeth it to bee neere at hand : for when wee thinke that we are at the last cast , then we see saluation and helpe is neerest . As this doctrine serueth for our comfort , so we must learne for our instruction , that if happily we suffer the longer , yet we shall receiue for our temporall euill , a spirituall recompence ; remembring alwaies the Apostles consolation , 1. Pet. 4. who would not haue vs discouraged when we suffer : for they which haue done vs euill , shall be iudged of him , who will come to iudge the quicke and the dead . Although we see not this by the iudgement of the eye , and by the light of nature , yet although we should die , suffering as weldoers , cursed are they , that shall ouerlie vs : Blessed shall we be , for we shall rest from our labours . God is the iudge of the whole world , of the quicke and of the dead : he will not forsake his , nor leaue his enemies vnreuenged . Well , although wee perswade our selues of this trueth , yet it is to bee feared , when the abomination of desolation shall be set vp , we wil notwithstanding all this , stand in a mammering and doubting , what is truth , what is vntruth ; what is good , what is euill . But alas , if the Lord should be any thing the longer from vs in helping , no maruel seeing we were the longer from him in obeying . Experience will proue , that though we haue neuer so many outward gifts , neuer so glorious wisedome , yet vnlesse wee still depend on the word and promise , we shall stagger and falter in the time of temptation . For this was the onely staffe that vpheld the man of God , at what time he was ready to stagger . They are farre from thy Law : that is , as if hee should haue saide ; Thou canst not O Lord , but punish them , for thou hast long suffered them , to see , if they will turne ; but there is no hope that they will conuert : therefore there is no cause of despaire , that thou wilt not punish them . Oh true faith ! O sound perswasion of Gods mercie most needefull in trouble ! yea , when the face of all things shal be changed , and things shall be turned vpside downe , we shall know the vse of this doctrine to be aboue gold and siluer . The like were the man of God his Meditations , as wee may see Portion 11. when his eyes failed him , his heart fainted , his spirit panted , and was as the bottle in the smoke ; The proud saith he , digged pi●s for me , which is not after thy Law , all thy commaundements are true , they persecute me falsely . Thus wee see hee vseth two effectuall reasons , the one drawne from his owne person , who maintained a good cause : the other from his aduersaries , who defended an ill cause . Vers. 152. I haue knowne long since , by thy testimonies , that thou hast established them for euer . I Know O Lord , not of late , but long since , that thou euer hast beene , and art the selfe same God , thou art no changeling , thou doest not sometime maintaine the cause of thy children , and some other time forsake them . I know now by the couenant and records of thy loue , that thou doest defend thine euen vnto the end : I know that from the beginning thou hast hated & punished sinne , thou hast loued and maintained righteous dealing ; I am perswaded that thy iudgements proue not true once or twice alone , but alwayes . We see how needefull it is to vs , for vs to haue knowledge throughly of the testimonies of the Lord. For this was an assured knowledge of the man of God. I haue laboured ( saith the Prophet ) in effect , to establish my knowledge ; whereby I may knowe , that hereafter , which I know now ; and that I must knowe that now , which I must knowe hereafter : yea , I haue taken great paines to confirme this knowledge in me , not of late but of long time . Thus we see how the man of God laboureth to fetch out many arguments to strengthen himselfe in time of temptation ; wherein we also must imitate him : For if wee shall store vp great plentie of reasons , our enemies may push at vs and shake vs , but they shall neuer ouerthrow vs. PORTION . 21. RESH . Vers. 153. Behold mine afflictions and deliuer me , for I haue not forgotten thy Law. THe selfe same argument and matter is here repeated , which was before , but after another manner . Hee saith portion 16. 1. I haue executed iudgement and iustice , leaue me not to mine oppressours . The which in sense being all one with the other , and seeing we haue deliuered the doctrine at large before , here is not much to be spoken . Onely we may obserue this , he here laieth his misery open , and vnfoldeth his estate before the Lord : Behold ( saith he ) O Lord , thine eyes are vpon the righteous , thine eares are open to their prayers . Thou seest my case , let me s●e thy grace , that I may knowe for a trueth , that thou lookest on me . The cause then , why we oftentimes are not helped , is , because we hide our troubles from the Lord. True it is , that the Lord seeth all , although we should hide all ; neither needeth he the displaying of our owne miseries , but yet in all troubles hee would haue vs to open and acknowledge our griefe vnto him , that he might the better make knowne to vs , that hee hath helpe laid vp for vs. Wherefore we must beware , least at any time we smoother our estate , or seeke vnlawful meanes , but in all things with prayer and supplication make our necessitie knowne to the Lord. His reason ioyned herewith is this : For I haue not forgotten thy Law : that is , although O Lord : there is great want of obedience in me , and I cannot , and haue not exactly kept thy commandements ; yet I am none of them that contemne thy Law ; wherefore O Lord help me . Thus we see stil that the man of God suffered as a weldoer , teaching vs , that if we suffer as ill-doers , the rod of correction shall not depart from vs , vntill in some measure it hath wrought in vs repentance : but if we suffer with him as wel-doers , we may boldly vse this argument , and with this reason desire the Lord , that hee would take his owne cause which we maintaine , into his own hand . And although he was a sinner , which here he doth not denie , and did forget many particular points of the Law ; yet hee purposeth rather to shew , how hee was no notorious sinner , or such a one as did fouly and gr●ssely forget the Law. So his meaning is thus much in effect ; Although I haue offended , yet haue I not cast thy Law behind my backe ; I find and confesse , how of frailtie and infirmitie I haue offended , ●●● not maliciously and obstinately . Wherefore although we cannot be free from all sins , yet we must beware of presumptuous ●●●● ▪ and although we are weake , yet we must not willingly and wittingly depart from the law . What then is the cause , why oft it is so long ere we be deliuered ? euen because wee lie in some secret sinne . For wee must plead our cause in a right plea , if wee will pleade with God ; if we suffer as wel-doers , wee may pray to the Lord for defence : but if wee suffer as euill-doers , we must labour to repent . Wherefore in all discredit , reproches and ignominies , we must labour to say in the trueth of our hearts : I haue not forgotten thy Law. Vers. 154. Pleade my cause and deliuer me , quicken me according to thy word . THis agreeth also in the second place with the second verse of the 16 Port ▪ whereof we spake before , Answere for thy seruant in that which is good . The children of this world are wiser in their kinde , than the childrē of God , & the man of God had such enemies , as in subtilties were wiser , in force stronger , and more valiant than hee ; which made him enforce his praier to the Lord , that he would be his tower against their assaults , and his aduocate against all their policies . Thus we see he trusteth not to the equitie of his owne cause , but to the Lord : whereby wee may gather , that the cause why our oppressors preuaile oft against vs , is , because wee trust too much in our owne wits , and leane too farre vpon our owne inuentions , opposing subtiltie to subtiltie , one euill deuice to another , matching and maintaining policie by policie , and not commit our cause to the Lord. Wherfore in such a case , we are to pray to the Lord , to put wisedome into our mouthes , that wee may bee taught what to speake , and strength into our hands , that we may know how to fight . Quicken me according to thy word : whether the Prophet desireth to be quickned corporally or spiritually : whether for that hee was readie to be swallowed vp of his aduersaries , or for that hee needed some inward comfort , or whether it were for both , it is not greatly materiall ; but I thinke we may safely take it in both senses . For if he were quickned in the spirit , he knew that the other comfort would follow after : So that if we vnderstand it spiritually , he prayeth that by faith and quickning grace , hee might be encouraged to goe on forward , and that he might no more faint hereafter than he had done heretofore . Without which grace supporting and renewing him he was like to quaile vnder the burden . Thus we see Gods children are often at deaths dore in body and soule , and therefore had neede to pray to be quickned . In that he addeth , according to thy word : he giueth vs to wit , that all our helpe is in the word of God , and that all our helpes which proceede not from the word and promise of God in the end become vaine . Although this doctrin seemeth at the first to be a common thing , yet the onely cause why wee so often faint vnder the crosse , is , because wee forget Gods promises , or el●e we cannot beleeue that the truth of them particularly belongeth vnto vs. And this is that that maketh the very children of God , so often to stagger , the want whereof is great . Suppose yee saith our Sauiour Christ , that the Sonne of man when he comm●th shall find faith on the earth ? whereby he noteth what an hard thing it is , to haue true faith , which so is fixed in God , as neuerthelesse there is no faith , but in his word . Verse . 155. Saluation it farre from the wicked ▪ because they seeke not thy statutes . HE said in the portion going before , they are farre from thy law : here he saith , they seek ▪ not thy statutes : in which words he expresseth his meaning more plainely . In the former place he saith , they were farre from the law ; here he confesseth they sought it not at all . His meaning of this verse is thus much : I see their manners are wicked , I know they cannot prosper in them , for thou art the iudge of the world , therfore they haue no interest to saluation . And why ? there is no coherence betweene wickednes and saluation . If we were in truth perswaded of this , we would not so ly in sinne . For if we did surely beleeue that saluation pertaineth to none , but to them that keepe a true faith , and therewith labour to ioyne a good conscience , how durst we be so bold Idolaters , so prophane swearers , so vnreuerent breakers of the Sabbath ? If blasphemous mouthes were throughly perswaded of this , would they not tremble and quake , that now mocke and scoffe at the ministerie , and ministers of the word ? we see then how p●arcing words these are . They that depart from God , by going to wisards , they that go farre from his word by changing his holy Sabbath , which is as a day of medicine for the soule , into an hurtfull day , the Lord will also depart from them , the Lord will be farre from their saluation . All sinnes wherein men lie and continue , put them far from saluation . But who then shall be saued ? euen they that labour for faith and a good conscience . Who then shall be damned ? they that are farre from faith , and seeke not Gods law . As this doctrine is to the terrour of the wicked , so it maketh for the comfort of the godly . We see the vngodly proue very couragious , and thriue very notably in their sinne , not being presently punished , because such is our corruption , that vntil we taste some outward smart , we become hardned . This declareth , in that we abstaine from sinne , onely for punishments sake , and we would sinne at riot were there no punishing , that we are but Hypocrites , and such from whom saluation is farre off . Well if saluation be farre from them , that seeke not Gods law ; then may we gather on the contrarie , that saluation is neere them that seeke his law : for like is the rule of contraries . If we then labour for faith and a good conscience , we may assure our selues of saluation . Wherefore , wouldest thou haue assurance to be saued ? let the word be neere thee in thy mouth , and in thine heart , Rom , 10. 8 Let it dwell plentifully in thee with all manner of wisedome , Col. 3. 16. Here is also a good rule as we see , whereby we may discerne who be good , and who be euill . Here the Lord hath set downe one stedfast order , which is a touchstone to trie al men , and howsoeuer we account of it , it is alwaies the same , and like to it selfe , condemning sinne , commending holines . Oh to what extremities should we be brought in these latter dayes of sinne and iniquitie ; wherein heresies haue so corrupted doctrine , and vngodlines hath so stained our liues , if we had not this constant rule of Gods word among vs ▪ Oh what a treasure is it whereby we may see heresie and auoide it : whereby we may see truth and follow it . Which rule of equitie , seeing willingly the wicked depart from , they are worthily plunged and plagued in their owne sinnes . Vers. 156. Great are thy tender mercies , O Lord , quicken me according to thy iudgements . THat is : True it is , I am a sinner , O Lord , but yet I am not a desperate sinner , as mine enemies are ; but such a one , as on whom thou wilt shew thy mercies : therefore I hope , that thou wilt helpe . If thou shouldest simply deale with me according to my deseruings , I should be condemned : for who can stand in thy sight iustified : but I compare not my selfe with thee , but with them who are become mine aduersaries . According to thy iudgements . Such is thy fatherly mercy , which forgiueth my sinnes , and heareth my prayers , that thou wilt not reward me according to mine iniquities , but wilt fauourably looke vpon me , according to the multitude of thy mercies . Vers. 157. My persecutors and mine oppressors are many : yet doe I not swarne from thy testimonies . THis sentence is the same in effect with diuers other in diuers portions of this Psalm . As , The proude haue had me exceedingly in derision : the proude haue digged pits for me : the wicked haue laid a snare for me , and such like . Now in that he saith , my oppressors are many : he sheweth that he had not to doe with one man or two , but with many . It is a matter , as wee haue shewed before , to be godly among the godly . but he is a diuel , that is euil among Angels , and therefore was he worthily cast downe into hell : and he is a sinner , that will sinne among Saints , and therefore iustly was Adam throwne out of Paradise . If we liue among the godly , what praise is it to be godly ? nay , what an horrible thing were it not to be godly ? If the Church discipline were truly executed , it were a small commendation to do well , and to abstaine from sinne ; yet now in this want , it is praise-worthie to abstaine from sinne for feare of God. But it may be we taste not of such troubles , as the Prophet tasted of , because we liue not so carefull of godlinesse , as he did , which if in truth we did , we should haue troubles as he had . Well , we are in this world as sheepe among wolues , to trie vs , whether we will be corrupted with the euil examples of this world , or whether we will swarue from the Lord our God , whilest he proueth vs. Their carnall reasoning commeth to nothing , which say , the world is set on euill , the world was neuer so wicked , charitie was neuer so colde , a man cannot now professe without taunts , scoffes , and troubles . For we see here , that the Prophet , in his time , had many and great persecutors , whom notwithstanding so manifold corruptions could nothing mooue . Wherefore we must learne , although sometime we are slaundered , though sometime we are euill spoken of , taunted and troubled , our estate is not worse than our forefathers hath bene , and the beloued Saints of God haue had before vs. So long as we are well entreated of God and man , we will keepe the lawe : but when we suffer reproaches , taunts , iniuries , losse or discredit we then run either to euill meanes , or to reuengement , or to dispaire . Where many iniuries haue bene offered , many haue bene rendred againe : if they haue not requited iniury for iniury with reuenge , they haue vsed some ill means to escape out of their trouble : if they haue not vsed ill meanes , yet they haue secretly begun to mistrust God his promises and prouidence , and haue gone to wisards and witches : if they could doe nothing in malice , they would doe something in policie ; if they could preuaile with neither , they would fall to dispaire . But the Prophet of God vseth here no vnlawfull meanes , he goeth not in his affliction to Sorcerers , hee recompenceth not ill for ill , hee did not dispaire in God his promises , he did not thinke with himselfe , that the Lord would defend his enemies cause , and forsake him ; but hoped still in God , his good and appointed time to receiue helpe : wherein the man of God is set before vs for our imitation , in that neither his faith could bee shaken , nor his obedience slaked nor daunted . And surely this is Sathans last refuge , and most daungerous assault to perswade vs in affliction , that therefore the Lord doth plunge vs in miserie , because he hath no loue towards vs. But the man of God opposing his faith to all such temptations ; saith , I know , O Lord , by the records of thy law , that thou hast laide vp helpe for mee , and that thou art my defender . How sweete and comfortable this is , they which are humbled , and well exercised by temptations know . What greater assault vsed the diuell to our Sauiour Christ , than this : what saith he , doest thou thinke if thou werst Gods childe , thou shouldest want bread : it is not like , if thou werst the sonne of God , that hee would or could suffer thee to be without food ? Like are his temptations to vs , art thou , thinkest thou the childe of God ? then thou shouldest be helped , then thou shouldest not lie in this case . This was his last dart which he threw at Christ on the crosse , if thou art the childe of God , then we doubt there is nothing , but thou canst helpe thy selfe . Well , we see here , that the man of God neither mistrusteth Gods promises , nor forsaketh his law . Neither surely is our faith sound , vntill we can beleeue in miserie ; neither is our obedience pure vnlesse we continue , euen when we are oppressed , not of a few , but of many . For then we may perswade our selues to haue true faith , when it is wrought in prosperitie and tried in aduersitie , and being voide of all helpe of men , wee still hope for helpe of God , that we may say : I will not be afraid often thousands of the people , that should beset me round about , Psalm . 4. 6. Though I walke through the vallie of the shadow of death I will feare no euill , for thou art with me , thy rod and thy staffe doe comfort me , Psalm . 23. 4. I am perswaded that neither life , nor death , nor Angels , nor principalities , nor powers , nor things present , nor things to come , nor height , nor depth , nor any other thing shall be able to separate vs from this loue of God , which is in Christ Iesus our Lord. Verse 158. I saw the transgressors and was greiued : because they kept not thy word . THis also in substance we had before , where the Prophet saith , Mine eyes gush out with riuers of water , because they kept not thy law : my zeale hath euen consumed me , because mine enemies haue forgotten thy word . The Prophets words in a word haue this meaning : Lord , as for mine owne things or priuate iniuries , I am cōtent to put them vp , but when I saw they began to breake thy law , this pinched me at the heart . Here we see he was not very nice and delicate , in the defence of his owne case , but when it came to Gods cause he was not smally mooued . Whereby we must learne to translate our zeale to Gods cause , and in defence of his glorie , to haue our heart blood waxe hot , so that euen a godly anger with griefe be stirred vp in vs. For this is the difference , betweene a holy and spirituall anger , and prophane and carnall anger : holy anger is with griefe of the sinne , and without reuenge of the person : carnall anger is with reuenge of the person , and without griefe of the sinne . Wherefore if we will haue our anger holy , it must be tempered with griefe , as we did speake before of zeale , wherein we taught , that our anger should feede vpon the sinne , and cōpassion should make vs bleed with griefe for the persons sinning . Well , we may learne , that if we will not swarue from Gods law , we must not onely be grieued for our sinnes , but also for the sinnes of others . For this is the triall of a godly griefe , when we are first grieued with our owne , and then are grieued with the sinnes of others , because true griefe beginneth first in our selues , and from our selues it passeth truly vnto others . On the contrarie , we much bewray our hypocrisie , if we first wade vpon other mens sinnes , and suffer our owne to grow : and if we can fret angerly at a little sinne in another , and can be no whit displeased with a great sinne in our selues . This is a preposterous griefe , to weep , to sorrow , to sigh for sinnes in others ; and not to weepe for the sinnes of our owne soules : and this is want of the true loue of Gods word , To be grieued when wee our selues doe sinne , and to be nothing grieued for the sinnes of others . Wherefore if we be in place , where we want time and opportunitie openly to rebuke sinne and reforme it , at the least let vs labour to be grieued , which griefe must sit so neere our hearts , that when any time or opportunitie serueth , we cease not , nor stay to vtter it with our mouthes . For they that are throughly grieued at the heart , will at one time or other burne , vntill they haue vttered it with their mouth . Wherefore we must labour , whatsoeuer sinne we mislike in iudgement , to be grieued for the same in affection : for many can mislike sinne , and it is an easie thing ; but few are grieued for sinne , for it is an hard matter . If euer we had neede to mourne for the sinnes of others , we had neede at this day , that our griefe of sinne in time of prosperitie may shew vs , what faith we shall finde in trouble . But no marueile though we be no more grieued with sinnes in others , because we are so little grieued with sinne in our selues ▪ For if we were throughly and sincerely grieued with sins in our selues , we should also be grieued with it in others , wheresoeuer we found it : Which griefe we shall not truly haue , vntill we can deuoure all priuate iniuries . And seeing this is the ioy of a true Christian , to see the Gospell haue free passage ; and this is the sorrow and griefe of the childe of God , to see this Gospell hindred : they who reioyce not at the one , nor sorrow for the other , haue either the loue of the word cold in them , or altogether none . And as it is an argument of Gods childe , to be grieued more for one breach of Gods law , than for many priuate offences ; so it is an argument of selfe-loue , to take to heart so grieuously priuate euils , and little to be moued as key colde to see the contempt of Gods glorie . Wherefore it followeth in the next verse . Vers. 159. Consider , O Lord , how I loue thy precepts : quicken me according to thy l●ving kinnesse . HEre is an argument of true loue : Lord , saith the man of God , I loue thy law in my selfe , I loue it also in others ; for looke what good thing is in me , I wish the same in others : I hate sinne in my selfe , I am sorie for it in others : For looke what euill I mislike in my selfe , I am grieued for it in others . That we may make this a rule , to examine our hearts by : doe we loue the law of God ? how shall we know it ? euen when we are as glad , that others doe well , and fare well to their saluation , as we would be for our selues ; when we are as much grieued , when others doe ill , as if we our selues had done it . For many will come so farre , as to mislike sinne , and to speake vehemently against sinne , but few come to be grieued for sinne : wherefore seeing sinne is so ripe , let vs so be grieued for it as we may pray against it , and let vs craue of God to haue this godly griefe stricken into vs , that by that meanes we may be stir●ed vp to prayer , and so we shall in time to come , either reioyce to see our prayers graunted , and our mournings effectuall , or else we shall beare the testimonie of a good conscience , and in as much as in vs doth lie , we shall be guiltlesse of their sinnes . Neither in saying , Consider how I loue thy precepts , doth the man of God say out his good deedes , but humbly confesseth to the Lord his owne graces receiued , as may appeare by the words following , where he pleadeth mercie and not merit . This loue wherewith he loued God came from that loue wherewith God first loued him . For he seeing the great loue wherewith God loued him , he was mooued and inforced to loue God againe : so that his purpose is thus much : Thou seest Lord , that I am an enemie to sin in my selfe , for I forget not thy law ; thou seest I am an enemie to sin in others , for I am grieued to see them transgresse thy law : wherefore O Lord , quicken me , and let thy louing mercie whereby thou hast created me and redeemed me in Christ , whereby thou hast deliuered me from so many troubles , and enriched me with so many , and continuall benefits , renew , reuiue , quicken and restore me . Thus we see it was not his deserts , but Gods louing kindnes , whereof he speaketh : which if we would often meditate of , in seeing how fearefully we are made , how gratiously we are preserued , how mercifully we are redeemed , from how many sinnes we are deliuered , what fearefull iudgements we haue escaped , we should prouoke our selues the more to the loue of God and his word . Againe , in that he saith , quicken me , we see he acknowledgeth no other life , but that which is from the word , and that we liue by faith : and therefore he teacheth vs , that we should craue our life both temporall and spirituall of God. And if without the word we are not able to liue in the bodily life , much lesse without it are we able to liue the spirituall life . Whereas he repeateth this request three times in this one portion , we may know , that he felt great dulnesse and deadnesse in himselfe , which often creepeth euen on the dearest Saints of God : but so as they struggle against it still , and referre themselues to Gods mercie , wherein consisteth our life both spirituall and corporall . Vers. 160. The beginning of thy word is truth , and all the iudgements of thy righteousnesse endure for euer . AS if hee should say : I beleeue that thou wilt thus quicken men , because the verie beginning of thy Word is most iust and true ; and when thou diddest first enter into couenant with me , I did finde that thou diddest not deceiue me , nor beguile me ▪ and when by thy spirit thou madest me beleeue thy couenant , thou meanest trut●●● I know that ●s thou diddest promise , thou wil● performe : for thou art no more liberall in promising , than faithfull and iust in performing , and thy iudgement will be as righteous , as thy promise is true ; wherefore as soone as thou speakest , trueth proceedeth from thee ; so ● know that thou wilt defend and preserue me , that thy iudgements may s●●●e as righteou , in thee . And as this was particular to him : so is it generall to all for where the Lord doth in mercie promise , there in righteousnesse he will performe : and where the Lord in w●●●h do●● threaten , there in iudgement he wil righteously execute . For where he 〈◊〉 , he sheweth himselfe true ; and when he performeth , he executeth righteousness & when the Lord threatneth , he manifesteth himselfe to be iust ; & when he executeth , he proueth himselfe to be righteous . So the speech of the man of God containeth thus much : Though all men be liars , I know thou , O Lord , art true ; thou doest promise that thou w●●t watch ouer thy children , and that no temptation shall ouercome them ; I know this promise is true , and therefore as thou diddest promise in truth in the beginning , so wil● thou performe in righteousnes in the ending . For both in beginning and in ending , thou ●●●●like and true . How iniurious then are we to the Lord , who will doubt of Gods promises , that in prosperitie he will renue our hearts , and put into vs a good spirit ? And why doe we doubt of his prouidence in aduersitie , seeing his promise hath euer his issue in truth and veritie ? and seeing the Lord will not leaue vs , vntill euery word that he hath spoken come to pass : for heauen and earth shall passe , but not one word of his mouth shall faile . And as the consideration hereof doth cōfort vs in his promises , so also must it humble vs in his threatnings . Seeing then he hath pronounced , and giuen out his sentence , that no vnrighteous persons , nor fornicatours , nor idolaters , nor adultere●s , nor wantons , nor buggerers , ●●r theeues , nor couetous , nor drunkards , nor ●a●lers , nor extortioners , shall inherit then his kingdome : as this is truth , so it shall surely come to passe in his righteous iudgement . So that they that haue done these things , without speciall grace and singular repentance , shall surely be damned . For as true as the word of God is , so righteous are his iudgements . He is true of his mouth , when the word passeth from him ; he is iust in his workes , when he is righteous in performing . Thus we see that to be soundly grounded in faith , we must couple with the promises of God his performance , with his threatnings his executions . Thus also must we fight against vnbeleefe : so that if we will not 〈◊〉 the Lord of vntruth , we must waite for the accomplishmēt of his truth . Whether then concerning ●●s mercy , his promise be of newnes of life , of forgiuenes of sinnes , of his prouidence ▪ or of life euerlasting : we must strengthen our faith with assurance , that as his word is true ; so also his executing of it is righteous . So that the word of God shall certainly haue an issue , either to humble vs by profiting , or else to debarre vs of his kingdome in refusing it . The sense then of the man of God is plaine and euident , in shewing whatsoeuer the Lord hath spoken for good in his promise , he will performe it to his children . Whatsoeuer he hath threatned for euill , he will execute it vpon the sinners : so that we may be assured of the full accomplishment of his promises , and of the righteous executing of his iudgements . PORTION . 21. SHIN . Vers. 161. Princes haue persecuted me without cause : but mine heart stood in awe of thy word . AS the man of God not long before shewed , that he had many persecutors : so here she sheweth they were no meane men , nor of the inferiour sort , but mightie Princes ; neither Princes of a prophane people , but rulers of the chosen of God the Iewes ; and that he did not suffer for deserts as an ill doer , but innocently as one that had ●●●ther presu 〈…〉 transgre●s●d against the Maiestie of God , neither disobediently done against th 〈…〉 . 〈◊〉 this was no 〈◊〉 temptation , in that Princes ( who should haue taken ●is part against his ene●●●● , ●●● whom he should haue received countenance in his cause , being good . ) should 〈…〉 and goe against him . For what 〈◊〉 ●t to haue the 〈◊〉 to be our 〈◊〉 , who should ●ee the gouernou●● of Gods Church , in that hee should be● 〈◊〉 to thinke , that 〈◊〉 the gou●rnours of the people we●e ●●● , or that his one ●●●●● of your head ; ●f no● one 〈◊〉 , 〈◊〉 lesse your bodie ; i●●●pp●ly 〈…〉 , yet not the soule . You s●●●●e ●●●●l● bodies of feathered fowles , without God ●●s permission , f●ll not into the hands of men , which are so little in value , that two of them are sold for a penie ; how then can they haue power vpon your bodies , without leaue of the Lord , seeing ye are far more pretious in his sight , and hee taketh a further care of your bodies ? But if for my glorie yee shall lay downe your liues , they can reuenge themselues but of your bodies , as for your soule they cannot touch it . But m●ne heart 〈…〉 we of thy word , &c. Here wee see the greater feare ouercame the l●●s● . If the faces of Princes be terrible , because their angrie lookes threaten euill , & their wrathfull words ●enace death , because whatsoeuer they will doe , they can doe , and whatsoeuer they can doe , they dare doe ; yet f●are them not ( ●aith Christ ) but feare him who in his wrath 〈…〉 ●●ule into hell . They can take and attach the bodie , but the good e●t ●● of the soule can they not 〈◊〉 : but rather feare him who can arrest the bodie , and afterward can ●lso atta●h the soule . The 〈…〉 het may be this : I was afraide to displease thee , O Lord , and 〈…〉 no● to please m●●● enemies , although they were mightier then I. Thus 〈…〉 h●w he w●●● 〈◊〉 , and that hee perseuered in the feare of God , without 〈◊〉 . For ( ●●●th h● ) though the feare of my mightie aduersaries was great ; ●et , ●●● 〈◊〉 the fe●re of thee had ●●asoned mine heart , and had left suc● a deep impression in to 〈…〉 th●● by infidelitie I should mistrust thee , or by disobedience I 〈…〉 . Wherefore the spirituall feare of thee ouercame ●ll corporall feare of 〈◊〉 . The r 〈…〉 corporall feare are which so much d●unteth the heart , is , to craue a greater feare of Gods Maiestie● , the strength whereof may ouermatch the 〈◊〉 feare . When the Kings of 〈◊〉 had conspired against the people of God , the Prophet of God said vnto them ▪ Esay 8. 12. Say ●ee 〈◊〉 , A confed●racie to all them to wh●me this people ●●ith , a confedera●●● neither 〈…〉 ▪ , nor be afraid of them ▪ 13. Sanctifie the Lord of Hostes , and let him be 〈…〉 your dr●●● . And least we should think that this appertaineth not as well to all Christians as to the Iewes ; Let vs heare what the Apost●● Peter ●aith ▪ 1. Per● 3. 14 ▪ Blessed are y●e if we suffer for righteousnes sake : yea , feare not 〈…〉 e , neither be troubled 15. But 〈◊〉 the Lord in your hearts : & be ready 〈…〉 were to euery sin ●n that 〈◊〉 you a reason , of the ●o●e that is in you . Were the blessed Apostle sheweth , that wee are not readie to make Confession of our hope , vntill wee put away this feare , and sanctifie the Lord in our harts , glorifying his truth in promising , and his 〈◊〉 in performing . And to applie this to our selues : if the Magistrate should bring v●to the Racke or torture , to betray the good cause of God , or innocencie of our brethren , let vs rather feare to displease God for his threatnings , then man for his punishment . And in particular example to applie this doctrine , we heare ( Ierem. 1. 17. ) what the Lord saith to the Prophet : Say not , I am a childe , &c. Be not afraide of their faces : for I am with thee to deliuer thee , saith the Lord. Here the Lord addeth , ver . 17. Thou therfore 〈◊〉 vp thy loynes , and arise , and speake vnto all that I commaund thee ; be not afraide of their faces , least I destroy thee before them . In which place the Lord setteth downe a promise to assist him , and a threatning to punish him : both which did so preuaile , that he durst speake boldly , and prouoke the King to wrath . Acts 5. wee reade , that when the Priests and Sadduces , being full of indignation , laide hands on the Apostles , and put them in the common prison , Peter & the rest of the Apostles answered : We ought rather to obey God then men . Menace vs ( say they ) as much as yee will , we care not for it , we feare to discredit the blessed promise , and lightly to passe ouer the heauie threatnings of our God , and wee feare you not . Againe , this feare was written in the heart of Paul , 1. Cor 9. 16. Though I preach the Gospell , I haue nothing to reioyce of : for necessitie is laid vpon me , and woe to vnto me if I preach not the Gospell , &c. Howsoeuer we thinke this easie to be learned , it is doubtlesse most hard to be practised . For , though Princes doe not their duties , yet wee must not therefore rebell against them : and though we be persecuted of rulers without a cause , yet we must stand in awe of Gods word : and our Sauiour CHRIST hath pronounced , that whosoeuer striketh with the sword shall perish with the sworde . If then either our Princes shall be vngodly , or their vnder officers vnfaithfull , we must not therevpon grudge to pay tribute , to giue taske , and to yeeld subsidie : but we must doe them euen with conscience , as to the ordinance appointed of God , knowing and acknowledging , that the hand of Gods wrath in their corrupt Gouernment , is iustly layd vpon vs for some sinne . Wherefore the holy Ghost saith , Eccl. 10. 20. Curse not the King , no not in thy thought : neither curse the Rich in thy bed-chamber : for the fowle of the heauen shall carrie the voyce , & that which hath wings shall declare the matter . If then our Princes should vse all their tribute to sensualitie , or take vp all their taxes for pleasure , withour either feare of God , or loue of their Common-wealth ; yet curse not the King , saith the Wiseman , no not in thy bed-chamber . So that if flesh and blood should moue vs to murmure , that wee should be readie to thinke euill of them that are in authoritie , the holy Ghost here warneth vs that wee vse no such speeches , and put away such thoughts , because , both our speeches and thoughts stand at the controlling of God his iudgements : but we must humbly ascribe it to our sinne , that hee withdraweth his grace from them , and pulleth his wrath vpon vs. Wherefore if we thinke , as many worldly men doe , that thoughts are free , and are not called into the Court , and that euery man is a King in his priuie chamber : the spirite of God chargeth our conscience here before the Court of heauen , and telleth vs , that our chambers are the Lords chambers also ; and therefore as true Israelites , euen in secret we should thinke no guile , for the Lord will reueale it , and punish it openly : yea , euen the fowles of the ayre shall bewray our vnfaithfulnes . To come lower to our selues , because we must not thinke , that this affection must be in Dauid and not in vs , for so shall we make vnprofitable whatsoeuer is taught : whereas the man of God did feare to offend , euen when Princes are against him ; we not onely cannot sustaine so great a triall in the feare of our God , but if the losse of any worldly pelfe come to vs , we are straight voyde of all feare , and cannot abide to be taught any good thought ; we are vnquiet vntill we haue consulted with wizards & witches , not withstanding in awe of Gods threatnings against that sinne . Deu. 18. 10 Let none be found among you that vseth witchcraft . 11. Or that is a charmer , or that counselleth with spirits , or a southsayer , or that asketh counsell at the dead . 12. For all that doe such things are abomination to the Lord , &c. where the Lord counteth no otherwise of these things , then of the vp-heape of sinne . Againe , 1. Chron. 10. 13. it is said , that Saul died for his transgression that hee committed against the Lorde , euen against the word of the Lord , which hee kept not , in that hee sought and asked counsell of a Familiar spirit , 14. And asked not of the Lord , &c. where we see , that in reckoning Saul his sinne , this is the la●● , and wrappeth vp all the rest , in that hee asked not counsell of the Lord , but went to a witch . So this was the heape of his sinne , this filled the iust measure of his iniquities , because when he should haue repented of all other sinnes , hee made this the full heape of his sinnes , and pulled consequently vpon him the height of Gods iudgements , for he was cut off from the kingdome , and desperately ended his life , Esay ●8 . when the Lord reckoned vp the sinnes of the people , as their infidelity , their obstinacie , he commeth at the last to their sorceries , saying , 19. When such shall say vnto you , enquire of them that haue a spirite of diu●●ation , and at the south sayers , which whisper & murmure : should not a people enquire at their God ? from the liuing to the dead , &c. Therefore the Lord denounceth plagues and punishments on euery side to fall vpon them . Looke into the destruction of the old cities , namely of the Egyptians , of the Moabites , of the Assyrians , and of the Philistines , and yee shall see how witcherie was the most especiall cause of their destruction . So shall we thinke now , that the feare of God doth touch their hearts , who for losse of so small pelfe runne to wizards ? Well , we are here to learne , that as where the Lords feare doth so rule our hearts , that we sanctifie the Lord therein , we are free from the greatest temptations ; So , where this reuerent feare of God is wanting , there is no temptation , though neuer so vile and grosse , but we will yeeld vnto it . The prouidence of the Lord being so rich , and his hand so wide and large , we must not be afraide of so small a losse of worldly goods . Wee know that Zedechiah being a Prince , Iere. 37. when the feare of God was gone from him , feared that the very common people would mocke him , so that he could not obey the Prophet . Againe , we know that Ieremiah being the Prophet , hauing this reuerent feare of God seasoning his heart , was nothing dismaid , with all that either Zedechiah or any other of the kings could do vnto him . Among many places , excellent is that , Iob. 31. where the man of God , partly to stop the mouths of his aduersaries , partly to comfort his own soule , with the record of a good conscience , and partly to shew the secret iudgements of God , and that he did not suffer for his sinnes , as he was accused , but for som secret cause best known to the Lord ; he testifieth how free he was from fornication , from adulterie , from iniuries , from vnmercifulnes , from crueltie with his seruants , and from oppression ; and sheweth the cause why all these things were in him , because the Lord beheld all his wayes , and told all his steps . First , for fornication , he made a couenant with his eyes , because there is no portion , no inheritance , from the Almightie , to the wicked , but destruction , and strange punishments to the workers of iniquitie : and as of fornication , so also he speaketh , how he was preserued by the feare of Gods iudgements from adulterie ; ' and afterward comming to shewe his innocencie in not cruelly dealing with his seruants , he saith , If I should contemne the iudgement of my seruant , &c ●hat then shall I doe , when God standeth vp ! and when he shall visite mee , what shall I answere ? Againe , he professeth , that the cause why he did not oppresse nor iniurie others , was , not that hee refrained for feare of men , but for feare of God. For saith he , If I haue lift vp mine head against the fatherlesse , &c. I thinke my shoulder bones would goe out of their sockets , Gods iudgements were fearfull vnto me , & I could not be deliuered from his Highnes , &c. And though he might by his great countenance which he did beare , haue dealt roughly with men , and might haue made afraide a great multitude ; Yet ( saith he ) the most contemptible of the families did not feare me . Yea , though the men were farre lesse then hee , yet hee could not hide his sinne as Adam , he could not conceale his iniquitie in his bosome . Whosoeuer then wil be trulie religious , and make a conscience of sinne in sinceritie , he must thus walke in the feare of God ; and though he might so doe , as no man could euer touch him for his outward conuersation ; though he did not run into the hand of the Magistrate ; and no man thogh he would , could say , Black is his eye : he must submit himselfe to what perill soeuer , and ouercome all feare of mans power , with feare of Gods punishments . And we must know , that if there be some sin in vs , on which the ciuill law can take no hold ; yet the fear of the law of God must be in stead vnto vs of all lawes ; knowing that though we escape the court of men , we cannot escape the iudgements of God ; who will iudge vs , not according to the law of man , but according to his own law . So that the children of God are so far off frō flattering themselues in these sinnes , where mans lawes faile , and which they doe not punish , that they labour the more against them , fearing that God will punish those sins more grieuously in the world to come , which by the law of man in this world he doth not correct : And because by mans punishing we are oft brought to repent of those sinnes , wherein now oft times we die without any repentance . So that we see how effectuall an instrument of God this feare of his law is , against all kinds of sinne whatsoeuer . For though in politike lawes , there be no lawes against swearing , breaking of the Sabbath , or filthie speaking ; yet Gods children are not for that cause such as cast off all feare ; but such , as by so much the rather feare and suspect such sinnes . Now in that the man of God saith , in awe of thy word : see , the man of God performeth that feare to Gods word , which he oweth to God himselfe . This is profitably to be considered of vs. If any deale now adaies with a prophane worldling , in things concerning the true knowledge of God , and the way of saluation , he will answere : What tell yee me of these things ? tell me what you can ; I am sure of this , you can tell me no more than this : Loue God aboue all , and thy neighbour as thy selfe , and I trust I shall loue God as well as you , or the best learned . But here is their hypocrisie descried , in that they haue so small loue to the word . For our Sauiour Christ witnesseth , Iohn 8. He that is of God heareth Gods word : if ye were of God , ye would loue his word : so one may say to this effect ; if we feare God , we stand in awe of his word . Wherefore the man of God saith , Oh , how loue I thy law ▪ protesting that loue to the law : which he had to God. And as he saith , O Lord thou art my portion : so he saith also , thy testimonies haue I taken as an heritage . Thus we must honour God in Christ , and Christ in his word . For looke what honour God would haue , he would haue vs shew vnto Christ , and looke what honour Christ would haue , he would haue it done to his word . Wherefore the Apostles not reuerencing our Sauiour Christ onely for his person , but also for his word , said : Maister , whither shall we goe from thee , thou hast the word of spirit and life ? As this corrupt opinion of the feare of God is in the worldlings , so also is it in heretikes , and in the familie of loue , who perswade themselues to loue God , when they loue heresies more than the word : but herein are those hypocrites and heretikes descried , they will generally confesse they loue and feare God : but examine them in any particular , either of doctrine or of life , and they will bewray their want of loue by heresie , and their want of feare by lying in some grosse sinne . Here is then a touch stone for them that can say : I trust I feare God , if I feared not God , how should I hope to prosper , or how should I liue ? for if their feare be tried by the word , and their feare of the word be tried by particular sins , they will soone bewray themselues . Againe , many there be , who will say they feare God , whilest sicknesse , pouertie , or some crosse lieth vpon them : but when affliction is past ouer , and prosperitie commeth , let the Lord strike vpon their hearts neuer so hardly , and they will not feare . Wherefore the Prophet Esay saith , chap. 28. 15. Because ye haue said , we haue made a couenant with death , and with hell we are at agreement , though a scourge runne ouer vs , and passe thorow , it shall not come at vs. And 18. The couenant with death shall be disanulled , and your agreement with hell shall not stand , when a scourge shall runne ouer you , and passe thorow , then shall you be troden vnder by it . And though sometimes we feare with Pharaoh the present tokens of Gods wrath , as the thunder , the lightning , the earthquake , and such like : yet we make them scarsely as the wonders that last nine da●es , neither feare we the word of God. In stead of all the plagues whereof we reade in the old Testament , as of the opening of the earth , of the ouerflowing with waters , of fire comming down from heauen , we heare but one named in the new Testament , namely , that they that doe such things , for which those plagues did come , shall not enter into the kingdome of heauen ; which one doth so terrifie Gods children , that they had leauer beare all the afflictions of Iob , and all the plagues of Egypt than that one ; for all those are but forerunners of this one iudgement , and this is the full heape of all other threatnings . In that he saith , my heart standeth in awe : he sheweth his feare was not couertly as in the vngodly . For at one time or other the Lord may shake the vilest villaine in the world with feare of his iudgements , and sometimes to feele terrour : but this kinde of feare soone vanisheth away , and sinketh not into the heart , how much soeuer it be striken into the head . For we see whilest God lyeth ●ore vpon vs by some terrible iudgement of thunder , lightnings , or earthquakes , how euery prophane man can be content to pray , and for the time will be very godly and religious , so long as the plague lasteth ; but when that is once ouer , their feare is also ouer . The most desperate feare ; but it sitteth not , it dwelleth not long vpon their hearts ; but as a flash of Lightning suddenly striketh the face , and suddenly is gone : So a flashing sight of Gods Maiestie striketh their hearts , and suddenly is departed . Wee must not then haue an ouer-hearing of Gods threatnings , nor an ouer-fearing of his iudgements . For many will like the word , because they like it in iudgement , or for that it increaseth their knowledge , but few loue it in heart ; because it renueth their affections . For though our iudgement hee wrought vpon , yet the heart is not wrought on , which is Gods place : wherin if he by the ministerie of his word once take sure hold , it wil forthwith go to the eye , eare , and hand , & the whole body , and wil be effectuall . Now what is a more effectuall bridle against sinne , then still to thinke that we are in the presence of God ? For if all men in the world should bid a man do any thing contrary to the will of God , though in doing he might be next the King , or in not doing with Daniel haue his bodie giuen to the Lyons , yet would he not doe any thing against Gods lawes . Neither did Daniel suffer all this , because hee would not be an Idolater , but for that he would not denie the worship to the true God , but professed the same openly , in setting open his windowes , and manifesting his true religion for the space of three dayes . And why did he thus ? euen because the feare of God did so touch his heart , that the feare of man did nothing dismay him : so that neither the gaine nor promotion which hee might haue had , by the King on the one side , nor the danger and losse which was layd vnto him on the other side , could make him at all to displease God. And as the feare of God hath these effects in God his children , that the poorest creature shall stand in great courage before the face of a King : so where this feare of God is wanting , the mightie Prince shall stand in awe of his poorest subiect . 1. Sam. 15. When Saul had a flat commaundement from the Lord , who from a meane stocke and base parentage was aduanced to the kingdome to destroy the King , he contrarie to the Lords commaundement , saueth Agag , yea , and a great while stoutly iustifieth his sinne before Samuel : but when he had streightly charged his conscience , hee added , the feare of the people moued me to doe it : as if he should haue said ; I was afraid that the people in ●o doing would haue gone from me , and haue denied me the honour which they were wont to yeeld vnto me . Thus we see a poore soule , and with Gods feare , feareth not a Prince , and a mightie King without this feare feared the poore people . This feare of God also keepeth the godly ; that in all their distresses they dare not open their mouthes to any foule speech , or corrupt language . When Iob was spoyled of all hee had , and wicked men had taken it from him , he saith in the humblenes of spirit , and feare of his God , the Lord giueth , and the Lorde taketh blessed be the name of the Lord He durst not chase against the Chaldeans , although he was in this miserable perplexitie : for the feare of God so gaged his heart , that he durst not nourish any euill thoughts , or breake out into euill words to displease the Lorde ; Contrariwise , where this feare is not , wee shall see great murmuring and grudging , because Leuit. 20. the Lord saith : If any man turne after such , as worke with spirits , and after southsayers , then will I set my face against that person . Let him keepe his sinne as close as he will , and hide it as much as he can , yet I the Lord wil finde it out . In vaine then wee see doe words fl●e out brutishly from wordly men , who say they feare and loue God , when they neither belieue his promises , nor feare his threatnings , nor loue that which he commandeth , no● hate that which he forbiddeth . Well , runne they in the last day , whither they will , yell they neuer so much , to haue the rockes to couer them , and the hills to hide them , the word will iudge those worldlings , heretikes , and scorners . But they will thus say : wee aske not counsell of the diuell as you charge vs : yea , but God his word so saith , that hee that goeth to witches and wizards , goes to aske counsell of the diuell . Againe as wee said before , for want of this feare , we see , how impudent sinners are in those things , which ciuill Lawes doe not restraine , fearing euen punishment more then Gods iudgement . He that feareth God is no theefe ; why ? because mans lawe saith , that he that stealeth shall be hanged ? no but because Gods Law saith , Thou shalt not steale . Though the place be neuer so secret where he may sinne , although i● bee no manifest vnrighteousnesse , and grosse iniurie , yet if it were but to denie the last thing , which were right and due , the childe of God both feareth punishment of God , if hee had done it , or if he haue not done it , he trembleth to doe it . And Saint Iames hee reasoneth thus : that hee that hath commanded one thing hath also commaunded another : and hee that forbiddeth one thing , hath forbidden another . And surely howsoeuer mans law punisheth one , and dispenseth with another sinne , yet the word of God rewardeth all obedience , and punisheth all disobedience . So that he that hath saide as well , Thou shalt not commit adulterie , as , Thou shalt not doe murder , hath as well pronounced the shutting of the kingdome of heauen against adulterers , as against murderers , 1. Cor. 6. which thing Gods childrē knowing , make as great a conscience of swearing , banning , cursing , breaking of the Sabbath , drunkennesse , adulterie and lying , which in mans law escape scotfree ; as of theft , which by Ciuill law is adiudged worthie of death : because that God that saith , Thou shalt not steale ; hee also saith , Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord in vaine : thou shalt keepe holy the Sabbath , &c. Suppose they that those things are not forbidden by the law of God , which are not prohibited by the law of man ? Then no maruaile though there bee so fewe theeues , and so many Sabbath breakers ; why there bee so fewe murtherers , and so many swearers : because men abstaine from theft and murther , for feare of temporal punishment , and men haue no care to eschue swearing & prophaning of God his Sabbath ; because they feare no externall punishment . See here is mens conscience , here is their religion , this is their deuotion . Well , haddest thou neuer su●n gifts outwardly , without this reuerent feare of God , thou shalt neuer enter into God his kingdome . But peraduenture , when thou shalt come to answere before the tribunall of God , thou wilt say , O Lord , I knewe not by mans lawe that breach of thy Sabbath , or swearing were such great sinnes : heare what the Lord will answere : I gaue thee my law , whereby thou shouldest bee gouerned , neither did I giue any commandement in more ample and flat words , than the lawe of my Sabbath ; wherefore seeing thou hast manifestly cast my law behinde thee , and made lesse account of my commandements , and iudgements , than of mans law and threatnings , I adiudge thee to eternall damnation . Great indeede is the benefit of mans lawes , to restraine sin , and to bring to repentance , yea often the punishment of man , and shame thereof preuenteth the iudgement of God , and shame of hell fire : because wee see many haue been more ashamed of sinne at the gallowes , than others that haue died vpon their beds . Howbeit where this law is not executed , and sinne seuerely punished ; or where there be any sinnes , which come not within the precincts of mans iurisdiction , it is most certaine , they shall not escape the punishment of God. Wherefore we must otherwise stand in awe of Gods law , than mans law doth punish , if we will with the man of God from our heart stand in feare of his word . This feare maketh seruants as faithfull in their maisters absence , as in their presence , because it keepeth vnder the most secret sinnes . For hypocrites flie sinne before men , but sinne greedily behind their backs ; and they sinne not because mans law will punish them , not because Gods law doth forbid them . But God his children abhorre sinne , as wel priuie as manifest , and that because sinne is sinne , and not in that it is punishable by mans law . For they considering that Adam , H●siah , Ezechiah and others were punished for small things , dare account no sin to be small in the eyes of God. It is the whip , the rod , and the scourge , that causeth the hypocrite , as an asse , a foole , and a slaue , to leaue sinne : but it is loue , conscience , and obedience , that moueth Gods children willingly to abhorre it . Vers. 162. I reioyce at thy word , as one that findeth great spoyles . AS he hath spoken of his feare , so now he speaketh of his ioy . Great is the ioy of them that finde spoyles : for spoyles bring victorie , and victorie makes the triumph : so that spoyle brings profit , and the victorie pleasure , both then must needes cause great ioy . His meaning then is : that what battaile soeuer he did fight , what towne soeuer he spoiled , his ioy was nothing so great , as it was in taking pleasure in God his word . Heere then is a true note to discerne vs from hypocrites , when we take comfort in nothing so much as in the word of God. But some will say , that this extraordinarie ioy appertaineth to the Prophet , rather than to vs : wherfore let vs heare what the holy Ghost speaketh hereof in the Gospel , as Rom. 5. We haue peace towards God , and reioyce vnder the hope of the glorie of God. And Philip 4 he calleth it , The peace of God which passeth all vnderstanding : and the Apostle 1. Pet. 1. shewing how in the mercie of God wee are begotten againe vnto a liuely hope by the resurrection of Iesus Christ from the dead , to an inheritance immortall and vndefiled , reserued in heauen for vs , biddeth vs to reioyce with ioy vnspeakable and glorious . And Paul 1. Cor. 2. 9. sheweth what cause we haue to reioyce , because the things which eye hath not seene , neither eare hath heard , neither came into mans heart , are , which God hath prepared for them that loue him . These things we see are such as are common to all : why then doe Gods children so much reioyce in the word ? First , in consideration of their owne vile and miserable estates ; then in consideration of God his loue and Christ his merits for them . For they considering with themselues , that by nature they are nothing but vassal of sinne , the bondslaues of the diuel , the enemies of God , and fire-brands of hell , and that by Christ they are freed from their sins , set at libertie from Sathan , ransomed from hell , and reconciled vnto God , and that he will bring vnto them the fruite of his death , and benefit of his resurrection , by killing sin in them , and quickning them vnto righteousnes , & remembring ( Colos. 2. 14. ) that Christ hath taken away the hand-writing , and fastened it vnto his crosse , and that euery member , through him , hath spoiled the principalities and powers , and led captiue the world , the flesh and the diuel , and hath made a shew of them openly , and hath triumphed ouer them in the same crosse , feele such a ioy as neuer any earthly conquerors felt the like . For looke how farre greater the victory of sinne and Sathan is , aboue the victorie of men : so farre greater is the ioy , and more glorious is the triumph of Christians , than of earthly Captaines . And as farre as the robes of Christ his righteousnes are richer than the royall armes of Princes : so farre doth the ioy of Gods children exceed all the ioy of the Princes of this world . Whosoeuer then haue not this ioy , by so much they shew themselues as yet to be more carnall , more worldly , and more subiect to Sathan . At thy word . Still we must obserue this , that what affections soeuer we pretend to God , they must be tried by his blessed word , whether it be of loue , or of fear , or of ioy . Whosoeuer then will say , they are merie in God , as they hope , when their mirth is not in the word , and they can reioyce in Christ as well as others , and yet they reioyce in vanitie and worldly things , they deceiue thēselues : yea , although they did not reioyce in ill things , yet they cannot reioyce in prayer , they cannot reioyce in the word , they haue no ioy in the Sacraments , whereby notwithstanding they attain all precious things , and an inheritance which fadeth not away . But alas , how can men ioy ? how can they sp●●rt ? how can they laugh so earnestly at vaine things , and take so little comfort and solace in Gods worde ? and why doth the word of God make vs so dull ? why doth prayer make vs so heauie ? why doth meditation cause vs to be so sad ? Euen because wee are so carnall and earthly minded . Well , the Prophet Esay sheweth , chap 58. what is the ioy of Gods children : 13. 〈…〉 hou turne away thy foote from the Sabbath ▪ from do●●● thy will in mine holie day 〈◊〉 ●●ll the ab●●●● a delight , to consecrate it as glorious to the Lord , &c. And the Prophet Dauid , Psalm 63. Thy louing kindnesse is better then life , therefore my lips shall praise thee . And Psalm . 84. 4. Blessed are they that dwell in thy house they will euer praise thee . 10. A day in thy Court is better then a thousand other where : I had rather bee a doore-keeper in the house of m● God th●n to dwell in the tabernacle of wickednes . Psal. 42 4. I went with the multitude , and led them into the house of God , with the voyce of singing and praise , as a multitude that keepeth a Feast . This is the ioy of God his children , this ioy will neuer leaue vs , no not in the graue , it will accompany vs to the iudgement seate of God. If wee will reioyce in GOD his word , God will reioyce in vs. But alas ! doe not all men reioyce in vanities ? and yet they shall perish with men , and men shall perish with the abuse of them Whereas that ioy so farre excelleth this ; how is it that this is so farre preferred before that ? Doe wee not thinke him to be a foolish man , who will make the day of his pleasure in playing and sporting , whereas hee should make it the day of his profit in buying and selling ? Would we not account him a mad man , who might be encouraged to goe into the field , with a promise to carrie away the victorie , and to triumph ouer his enemies , if he linger the time vntill the occasion be past , by the incurse of his enemies , and so he willingly leese the victorie , and make his aduersaries to triumph ouer him ? How foolish then are they to passe the Sabbath , which is the market day of the soule , and wherein the Lord calleth vs to come buy honey , wine , milke and oyle , and that without peny or penyworth , in vaine pleasures willingly , to leese such spirituall and heauenly profits ? And how mad are they that on this day may receiue both counsell for policie , and furniture for strength , to encounter against the world , the flesh and the diuell , and runne rather to ●●●thie pleasures , suffering themselues willingly to be a pray for the diuell , to bee seduced by sinne , to be ouercome of the flesh , and troden downe of the world ? True it is , that we haue many bickerings , and fight many skirmishes in the weeke dayes : but on the Lords Sabbath especially wee fall to the maine battaile , and we come as it were to hand-strokes , and buckle with our enemies hand to hand . Doe wee not thinke this a daungerous thing then , when the Lord doth offer as it were into our hands the spoyle of sinne , Sathan , the world , and the flesh , and wee willingly and vnthankfully will suffer our selues , and offer our selues to be spoyled of them ? Where is now our ioy in the word ? where is our spoyle wherein we should triumph ? Well , if men reioyce so much when they giue the foyle to their enemies , and pray vpon the spoyles , wee may easily coniecture how greatly they sorrow , that take the foyle at their aduersaries hand , and are become a pray and a spoyle before them . For the same is the reason of contraries . And to applie this same to vs : if we truly reioyce , when we haue subdued our affections , murdered our temptations , and put to flight the world , the flesh and the diuell , making a shew of them through Christ ; how much must wee be grieued , when our affections haue carried vs captiue , our temptations haue slaine the soule , and our enemies haue taken the spoyle of all those spirituall graces which before wee possessed . This then must trie our repentance whether wee haue this sorrow or no , when the rage of sin hath spoiled vs of God his grace . This affection wee see was in the Prophet Dauid , Psal. 51. who crieth , Haue mercie vpon me , according to thy louing kindnesse , make me heare ioy and gladnes , that the bones which thou hast broken may reioyce : Create in mee a cleane heart , O God , renue a right spirit within me : Cast me not away from thy presence , and take not thine holy spirit from me . Where Dauid complaineth , that his heart was hardened , blind was his vnderstanding , troubled was his minde , and his soule in bondage of sinne , and in danger to lose Gods spirit . Thus wee see how hee felt himselfe spoyled of all the graces of God. When then we shal see the flesh or the world hath taken from vs all comfort in the word and in prayer , and that wee begin to be dull in good things , we must know for a truth , that either Sathan , the flesh or the world haue giuen vs some ●oyle , and that they haue taken rich spoyles from vs. Wherefore wee are not after sinne to be too quiet with our selues , as wee vse to bee , if wee truly consider of this : for our ioy should not bee so great in one , but our sorrowe should be as great in the other : and as wee reioyce when wee haue gotten the victorie ; so must wee sorrow when wee haue lost , and they haue gotten the spoyles . For if wee find ioy of conscience , to make a shew of our enemies , because we haue spoyled them ▪ euen so when they shall spoyle vs , that our vnderstanding be blinde , our hearts made dull , when wee cannot with comfort call God our Father ; when wee can get no power of our sinnes ; when we are wauering in our perseuerance ; if there be in vs any regard of our glorie , or any respect of our dignity and our kingdome , when Sathan hath so spoiled vs , great should be our sorrow . But this is the cause , why we doe not sooner recouer our selues in fighting , because wee feele not the losse of our spoyles , and therefore no maruaile if in Christ we feele not our strength renewed It is no smal dignitie , to be a companion with the Angels , to be the children of God , fellow heires with God ; it is no little prerogatiue , to be royall Priests before the Lord ; it is no smal honour to be counted Prophets ; it is no little preheminence , to wait for a kingdome : but shall we looke to be the members of Christ , and fellow heires with him , and shall we not seuer our selues from the world , the flesh and the diuell ? nay , as he offereth to vs the one , so he forbiddeth to vs the other . If we were redeemed , not with gold and siluer , but with the most pretious blood of the immaculate Lambe , how thankfull should we be in all manner of obedience ? If we were called to an holy conuersation , and not to the lusts of the flesh , how holily should we walke ? Wherefore if the Lord so call vs to the banquet , and allure vs to such rich spoyles on the Sabbath day , if any shall say , I cannot come , I must marrie a wife ; I must goe see my farme ; I must goe about my businesse : Oh how vnworthie guests shall we be ! and how worthie to be trampled vnder the feete of our aduersaries ? But here may arise a question : how can feare and ioy dwell in a man at once ? that he should truly feare Gods word , and heartily reioyce in the same , when as notwithstanding in the holy Scriptures , we may often obserue this thing , as Psal. 5. 7. I will come into thine house in the multitude of thy mercies , and in thy feare will I worship toward thy holy Temple . And in Psal. 2. 11. Serue the Lord in feare , and reioyce in trembling : and in this Octonarie which we here haue in hand , I stood in awe at thy word : and I reioyced at thy word . We answere , we must know what kinde of feare this is , it is not that feare which is of the iudgements of God alone , but a feare ioyned with his mercies . For there is a feare of his iudgements alone , which hindreth the certaintie of faith : and there is a feare of his iudgements , tempered with a feare of his mercies , which beateth downe the securitie of the flesh ; of which the man of God speaketh , Psal. 130 4. Mercie is with thee , therefore thou shalt be feared : that is , Therefore are thine afraide to displease thee , because they haue tasted of thy goodnesse , and because thou of nature art mercifull . He speaketh then of that feare , which is assured of Gods mercies , as of his iudgements . Wherefore as there is a difference betweene the feare of seruants and the feare of sonnes ; because seruants doe their businesse more vnwillingly ; and sonnes doe their duties more cheerefully : so there is a difference betweene the obedience of the godly , proceeding from a childish feare to obey their Father , and the grudging obeying of the wicked , in a seruile and slauish feare of punishment . Vers. 163. I hate falsehood and abhorre it , but thy law doe I loue . THe meane , how the man of God came to this ioy of the word , was , in that his hart was wel purged of the things contrary vnto it , wherin he sheweth , that it is not possible for vs truly to reioice in the word , vntil we be brought to the perfit hatred of the corruptions . By falsehood , he meaneth not that breach of charitie , which is forbidden in the ninth Commandement , but whatsoeuer is opposite to the true word of God. In this sense we did also take it , Port. 4. and 5. Take from me the way of lying , and graunt me gratiously thy law . Where lying is nothing else , but that which is contrarie to the word , either in doctrine or in life . Likewise Port. 15. 2. I hate vaine inuentions , but thy law doe I loue : In this meaning , Sathan is said to be the father of lies , and we vse to say , God onely is true , and man is a liar : that is , as God is good , so is he true ; as man is euill of himselfe , so is he false . His meaning then is , that he hated that , which was contrarie to the word . I hate and abhorre , &c This sheweth that he had no light hatred , but a thorow hatred of it , which is also shewed , Psal. 139. 21. Doe I not hate them O Lord that hate thee ? And doe not I earnestly contend with those that rise vp against thee ? I hate them with an vnfained hatred , as they were mine vtter enemies . Prou. 29. 27. A wicked man is an abomination to the iust , and he that is vpright in his cause , is an abomination to the wicked . True hatred hath this nature , to abhorre the thing hated , as a daintie woman abhorreth to touch a toad . And we expresse this thing in our affections , breaking oft into these speeches : I abhorre it , I cannot abide to heare of it , I quake , I shake , I am the worse when I heare it . We are here taught then , that as loue being cold will soone faile , so our hatred being cold , will soone slake ; and as loue must be hot , if wee will haue it continuall , so hatred must be with abhorring , if we will haue it permanent . Wherefore we see , where our first loue waxeth cold to prayer , and the not abhorring of the want of prayer is , there we fall into a carelesnesse of prayer : and where our zeale is not hot against sinne , and sinners , and we make but a ●est of it , when we should make warre against them , to the spending of the heart blood , we are often ready to fall into sinne . And although we be not maintainers of sinne , ( for that were the highest degree of sinne ) yet if we be not abhor●ers of sinne , we may for a time keepe in , yet in the e●d we shall bewray our selues And thus when we are too smooth and too gentle ( although I reprchend not that louing rebuking and admonishing of Christians ) we shall be taught to be zealous . We see , that we cannot say , that we truely reioyce in the word , vntill we haue a perfit hatred of falsehood . No maruell then , though we reioyce no more in God , seeing we doe not so abhorre our sinne as we should doe . Neither doe we throughly abhorre sinne , because we neuer felt the inestimable and vnspeakable treasures of the peace of conscience . Wherefore as we must not onely loue God , but loue exceedingly ; so we must not onely hate ill , but abhorre it zealously . For when abhorring of sinne falleth ●o hating ; and hating of sinne falleth to misliking , and misliking commeth little to esteeme of sin , we are in a relapse . We cannot then loue God too much , nor hate ill too much . We must also labour to haue our loue and hatred proportionable to the things loued and hated , and our affections must be answerable , either in liking the things which are commaunded , or in misliking the things which are forbidden . If our first loue decay , it will first come to be cold , and then to be none . Wherefore the holy Ghost doth exhort men in the booke of the Prouerbs , that their loue should be wholy set on their wiues , and so they should not couet any other . And Isaac , who is said to loue his wife Rebecca deerely , neuer fell into the sin of Polygamie or concubines : So our loue to the word , must be so through a loue , that it take vp all our affections , and so may shut out all that comes in the way , which either might empaire part of our loue , or spoyle vs of the whole . We see in them , that are irreconciliable , what hatred is in them . We may see , how many hauing found sometimes terrour of conscience , haue fallen from the hatred of sinne to the like of it , and so haue made relapse either into old sins , from which they were deliuered , or else into some new sins , where with before they were not acquainted . Wherefore we must pray , that our loue to good things , and hatred to euill , may daily be growing . For if we stand at a stay we shall come to lesse and lesse , yea in the end we shall shake hands with sinne againe . For many are so cold in the pursuite of sinne , that it is to be feared , that the Lord will plague vs , either with heresie or with profanenesse . For whereof commeth our commending of Papists and heretikes , that we can say , Surely he is an honest man , it is pitie he is a Papist , I knew neuer any ill by him ; it is to be feared , we shall come to be such Papists , for want of more feruent hatred against them . Vers. 164. Seuen times a day doe I praise thee , because of thy righteous iudgements . AS before the man of God spake of his ioy , feare , and hatred ; so now he sheweth his loue , which therefore seemeth to be no colde loue , because it made him seuen times a day to praise the Lord. As the children of God cannot satisfie themselues in the hatred of sinne , no more can they satisfie themselues in the loue of the Lord. And as for their true hatred of sinne , they abhor it not onely in themselues but in others ; so for the true loue of the Lord , they loue it not only in themselues but in others , wheresoeuer they finde it . The meaning of the man of God briefely is thus much : because I see , O Lord , that thou performest thy promise vnto thy children , and executest thy threatnings on the wicked , I praise thee , and when I consider the examples of thy iudgements and see thy truth so iust , I delight in praising thee . The cause then why we haue no more pleasure in praising God , is because we obserue no more diligently Gods mercy , and truth fulfilled and executed in our selues , or in others . Seuen times a day . If this be vsed on any day , doubtlesse on the Sabbath day , because in respect of our callings , other dayes are full of distractions , neither are the mindes at such libertie as they are at other times . The Apostle Ephes. 5. 16. saith , Be not drunke with wine , wherein is excesse , but be ye fulfilled in the spirit ; 29. speaking vnto your selues in psalmes , hymnes , and spirituall songs , &c : as if he should say , whereas other men cannot be merie , vnlesse they be mad , and they can finde no solace , without their own conceits ; yet it is good for you in your most mirth to be plentiful in the spirit & in good affections . The same thing is vrged Colos. 3. 16 Let the word of God dwell plentifully in you in all wisedome , teaching and admonishing your owne selues in Psalmes , &c. What shall now become of them ? who thinke they doe God great good seruice , to come twise on the Lord his day to the Church , and thinke it a sufficient discharge for them , seeing the Prophet protesteth , that hee came seuen times a day to praise God : that is , Often he resorted to this sacrifice : for this phrase of speech is vsuall in the word to set down a certaine number to expresse an vncertaine thing . These remember not the often frequenting of priuate praier , thanksgiuing , conference , admonitiō , preparation , visiting of the sicke , almes giuing , which be duties of loue , annexed with the former publike duties of religion , and as wel to be vsed in the Lords day as the other . If this then be not to be done on the Sabbath day , when should we do it ? True it is , that with the good seruants of God Dauid and Daniel , wee take vp euery day at morning , noonetide and euening to praise the Lord , but especially wee must remember to speake of these wonderfull workes of the Lord in the Sabbath : as that 92 Psalme , which is a Psalme of the Sabbath , doth teach vs. Thus see , how the Sabbath should wholy from morning to night be spent in these exercises , and therefore is it set apart from all other dayes , because that worship of God which we doe but in part on other dayes , may now wholy be spent on the Lord. We see in time of Poperie , how holy men would be at their solemne feasts , as at Christ his tide , Easter , Candlemasse as they call it , Holy thursday and Al-saints day . Were they so superstitious in ill , and shall we be cold in good things ? were they so feruent in idolatrie ? and shall we be so zealeles in the Lord his dayes , wherein we haue all things ? doth not this day teach vs the benefits of Christs birth , the profit of his Passion , the fruite of his Resurrection , the glorie of his Ascension , the ioy of the comming of the holy Ghost ? doth it not teach vs , how in this world , we may praise God with his Angels , and how hereafter we shall be occupied in heauen ? Wherefore let vs pray often in that day , let vs examine our hearts what sinnes we haue done , what benefits we haue receiued ; let vs prepare our selues before the congregation is gathered , when they are assembled let vs so pray and heare , that after the departure we may examine our hearing by meditating , applying , and conferring the prayers by the effects of them . Thus in priuate and publike exercises in matters of religion and practises of loue , we are to spend the whole Sabbath . Alas , how far are they now from praising God , now seuen times in the day , who passe it ouer in pleasures , and so end it in their owne delights ? who no maruell must needes slip in common life , who fall so deepely into God his course . Doe I praise thee ? By naming one part of the exercise of God his worship , hee comprehendeth many : for it is not like that he contented himselfe with praising of God ; but that he also prayed , heard , meditated , and conferred of the word , and setting downe by name that , whereunto we are most vnapt , and most hardly drawne ; he includeth those things , which more willingly , and easily we are brought vnto . If any haue occasion seuen times and often to praise the Lord ; it is our age , who from the abundance of God his blessings , should not onely haue our hearts enlarged : but also from our aboundance of the heart , our mouthes with praises should be filled . Because of thy righteous iudgements : This is not the onely thing in the word ; but there are promises and threatnings : but the iudgements of God comprehend all , in that they are seene as we haue shewed , in fulfilling his promises , and executing his threatnings . True it is , we must praise him for the creation of the world , for his louing promises made vnto vs : but we can neuer see truly the ●rration , vntill wee obserue his prouidence , neither can we effectually praise him for his promises , vntil we diligently obserue his iudgements . For then we truely praise God for his promises and threatnings , when wee praise him for his executing of them . This therefore requireth an experimentall faith , and therefore we shal see in all the Psalmes of Moses , Deborah , Ezechiah , Dauid , and Esay , that it was vsuall to them then to make them , whē either they had receiued some notable deliuerance , or their enemies had some notable ouerthrow , or the Church obtained some speciall benefit : As after the deliuerāce by the read sea , after they had safely passed through the wildernes , and had put to flight the armie of the al●●●●s . ●●● what els doth the History , which is 〈…〉 ▪ of things p●●t , ●●ach vs ; but to praise God by ●●eing God to be such ● 〈…〉 he is in his p●●●is●s ? Looke what the law generally speaketh of , 〈◊〉 concerning these 〈…〉 to be done , or l●f vndone ; either of p●●●●es or 〈…〉 of the Prophets , the things done which were com●●unded ▪ 〈…〉 to them , which did according to Gods 〈…〉 , the 〈…〉 forbidden , or else the threatnings executed on them which did ●o 〈…〉 mandemēt This we shall see wonderfully to increase our faith if we 〈…〉 of the Prophets with the time of the law . If we compare our 〈…〉 our Sauiour Christ , Matth 24. 24. that there 〈…〉 Christs ▪ & 〈…〉 to feare , that they which would not learne of the truth ▪ shall learne of 〈…〉 . We may call to mind , how many earnest professors in king Edward 〈…〉 papists in Queene Maries dayes , and how many heretofore christians ●● Queene Maries dayes , are now become zealelesse worldlings , and they that were ●●en 〈◊〉 , ●●●●●t height they are growne , and wee shall see sufficient matter to praise God his righteous iudgements . Againe if we consider the great mercy of God , 〈…〉 our country men , who were in banishment , we shall haue great cause to be thankefull . Vers. 165 They that ●●●e thy law shall haue a gre●t p●●●●●ritie : or rather , shall haue no m●●●●r of offence , or occasion of st●mbl●●g , and they shall haue no hurt . TH●se in se●se agree with that which the man of God s●i●l , Port 65. I 〈…〉 libertie for I seeke thy 〈◊〉 . In which places the Prophet sheweth , 〈◊〉 they 〈◊〉 ●●aue peace in minde ▪ and shall walke at libertie , & not be entangled , they 〈◊〉 ●●ue no manner of offence , neither shall any stumbling blockes be l●●● in their waies , which carefully seeke to obey the will of God. This is the benefit of them , that know & receiue the word in loue , that they shall escape dangers , doubtes , in streights and plagues : so that in all th●se they shall finde happie issues , and wholsome out g●●e in what streights or troubles they a●● 〈◊〉 . They then ●●t walke in this knowledge and loue of God his law ▪ shall ●●u● this grace ▪ and no man shal be able to take it from them : seeing then it is 〈◊〉 in vs●l , to be careful of nothing more then to be directed in our plagues , ●et most of vs fa●l● in ●●● 〈◊〉 to ●●●● , by following too much their owne deuises , and not the prescript rule of the wor● . Here 〈◊〉 is described the happie estate of God his children , that by faith and loue shall 〈…〉 ▪ and continually haue the blessing of God , watching ouer them in all 〈◊〉 ●o●●gs , & whatsoeuer tumult come on them , yet they shall possesse their soules in patience ▪ and not be plunged and ouerwhelmed in these miseries as other men are . O most sin●ul●r commendation of the word in working such peace , in promising such successe , in our affaires , and in deliuering vs from all ill things ? That loue thy ●●● . Wee see here is required that faith which worketh by loue : for many will say that they beleeue who bewray their want of faith , by want of loue ▪ It is then , that saith which worketh by loue , that maketh vs so to delight in the law of the Lord. Herehence commeth so much disquietnes , and so many crosse blowes in our at●●mp●s ▪ because our faith is so small , & our loue to the word ●o little . When we sh●l 〈◊〉 then the destruction of our mindes , so many ditches , hedges , walles , g●ins & snares , we must consider the chiefe cause , to be our want of loue to the word , not that it alwayes so appeareth ●● fleshe and blood , but that to faith it is apparant , which learneth out of the word , Iohn 17 In the world ●●●● shall haue troubl●● ▪ but ●● me they shall haue p●ace : as if our Sauiour should haue saide : howsoeuer fl●sh and blood thinke ▪ & others iudge ouer vs , heauen and earth shall passe ; but his pro 〈…〉 le . Yee shall haue peace in trouble : for God that hath ●●oken it is no more liberall in promising , than faithfull in performing ▪ if thē we haue trou●les , it is for want of faith & loue of the word . And as here is a plentiful comfort for them who loue the word : so is there a fearful threatning to the wicked , which the Prophet Esay in his 47 & 48. chapters speaketh : there is no peace saith the Lord ) vnto the wicked , but the wicked are like the raging sea that cannot rest , whose waters cast vp mire and durt . In which place after the Prophet had promised this good successe to God his people , hee addeth , that the wicked shall not bee partakers of it . For as the Sea hoysteth vp , and is stirred more vehemently with the tempest and winde , and being once moued , one waue fighteth with another : so that in that continuall conflict , much froth and filthie scumme is cast and spued out : so , so soone as any tempest of temptation hath stirred vp a wicked mans minde , and one temptation beginneth to fight with another , many foming and corrupt affections are spued out which disturbe the peace of the minde and offend all the beholders . God his children seeing those troubles to helpe them , which hurt the world , finde only the truth of this doctrine , howsoeuer in time of prosperitie the wicked would seeme to be in as great quietnes as the other . But as the deepe sea in a calme day seemeth to be as still as other waters , vntill by the tempest of windes the raging of the one make a plaine difference from the other : so the wicked doe seeme to haue as great peace as the godly , whilest no trouble bloweth vpon them : but so soone as the storme of temptation ariseth , then the hellish waues of their fearefull torments yeeld a manifest distinction betweene their rage and the estate of the godly . The very Heathen had a taste of these vnquiet brunts & anguishes of spirit , which they tearmed Furies , which tosse a mans conscience with such continual accusations , as neither eating nor drinking , nor sleeping nor waking , nor speaking , nor keeping silence they can finde any quiet . Neither is there any greater plague than this , as testifieth the Wiseman in the booke of the Prouerbs : Giue mee any plague , sauing the plague of the heart , &c. No maruaile : for when our reason and appetite fight one with another , and there is an hurly burly within vs , wee shall finde nothing to be more pretious than the peace of conscience , which so commendeth vs to God , that we shall finde in trouble peace , in banishment our countrie , in imprisonment libertie , in death life . What madnesse then is it to put this peace from vs , and to hale towards vs as with cart ropes these direful plagues of the spirit , which so torment vs in this life , & without repentance in death wil bring vs to hell . If then by the grace of God his spirit , wee would oft set before vs some serious meditation of death , and thinke earnestly of our departure from hence , euen as our deliuerāce out of the flesh were then at hand , doubtlesse we should finde by that an approued triall of the image of that estate which we should haue , if death indeede were present . And if in the quietnes of our mindes on our beds at midnight , we would without hypocrisie present our selues before God his iudgement seate , as if Christ in that instance did appeare in the cloudes , we would redeeme this benefit and peace of conscience with all the goods in the world . Wherefore as the Prophet exhorteth vs , it is good thus to examine our selues , and not to tarrie the triall of our hearts , vntil affliction commeth vpon vs , but in the calme of our minds to vse this practise in trembling . Let vs pray then that this may still sound in our eares , that vnto them that loue God , all things shall turne to the best , as wee may see Iosh. 1. Psalm . 1. Rom. 8. And as to them that loue , all things counted ill , doe turne to the best : so to the wicked all things that are counted good doe turne to the worst : so that when a mans conscience doth boyle with finne , all his pleasures , profits and glory will the further feede on him to his griefe , and awake the more the troubles of his minde . Contrariwise , the godly in the death of Christ shall haue all their troubles so sanctified , that reason would wonder to see their happie issues out of so fearfull dangers . Yet we see God his promise will bring it to passe . Well , we see how this verse followeth of experience the verse going before , as if the Prophet had said : I see , O Lord , that they that loue the law haue good successe , and whatsoeuer befalleth to flesh and blood most contrarie , it is turned to their saluation : contrariwise in them that feare thee not , I obserue thus much , how they are plagued here and there , and how in their chiefe felicitie they are subiect to thy curse . For as for thē that are delighted with thy law , if they be rich , they swell not ; if they abound , they are not puffed vp ; if they prosper in name , bodie and goods , they are not proud , but vse this world as though they vsed it not : if thou callest them to a contrarie estate , they are thankfull ; and if they want , or fall into sicknes , or infamie , they fret not , they despaire not ; they are not so appalled in their spirits , but still they beleeue on thee , they call on thee , they glorifie thee , euen vntill their deaths . Wee shall not onely see the truth of this in the Patriarches and Prophets , and Apostles , and in the Primitiue Church , but also in the Saints of God of late memorie in King Edward his daies , who vsed their time as though they vsed it not , when affliction came , they neither feared , nor forswore themselues , but quietly suffered imprisonment , banishment , torment and martyrdome , as the deare children of God. We may call now to minde how the blessed man Dauid behaued himselfe in all his miseries , and how Saul plunged himselfe in disobedience , who thinking in time of God his iudgement to followe his owne wi● , fell from sinne to sinne , vntill he fell into a furie , when hee began to aske counsaile of the diuell , and afterward by the iustice of God had a miserable death . The like we may see in the Egyptians , Babylonians , Caldeans and Israelites , when they forsooke the Lord. In comparing these things together , wee shall marke the workes of God , and how they that loue not the truth in loue , are plagued of the Lord with anguish , distractions , and terrors of minde , some ending their liues in treasons , some in prophanenes , some in heresies , some in shame , and some otherwise . They that loue thy law , &c Rom. 8. 28 ▪ We know that all things worke together for the best vnto them that loue God , &c. This is a thing worthie of obseruation , that he saith , Th●y that loue thy law . For it is an easie matter to say , that wee loue God , as Heretikes , Atheists , and the Familie of loue will bragge , but they loue not with the man of God the word , which is the true and onely touch stone to t●ie vs , whether wee loue God or no. Wherefore the Apostle Iohn saith ▪ 1 Ioh. 5 3 This is the loue of God if we keepe his commandements . This then must be remembred , whatsoeuer loue we pretend to God , we must beare it to his word ; and looke how little our loue is to the word , so little in trueth is our loue to God. And this is that which discerneth the feruent loue of the godly , from the cold loue of the wicked . Wherefore as the Prophet saith , Psalm . 16. 5. The Lord is the portion of mine inheritance : so hee saith Psal 119. 111. Thy test montes haue I taken as mine heritage for euer . We must thinke then that this doctrine standeth in neede of our meditation and prayer , to trie ourselues , if wee f●●re the Lord , how we feare his threatnings ; if we loue the Lord , how wee are affected to his promises , and to that which he commandeth . So shall wee see that the godly haue the Angels of God continually waiting on them , least they should hurt their foote against a stone ; and though they haue many troubles , yet they take no offence at them . If we diligently consider how Dauid prospered , whilest he continued in the loue of God , what distresse in his affaires disquietnes of mind , streights in his kingdome ▪ & punishments in his children be felt , when he began to loue carnally , we shall haue a sufficient truth of this doctrine . And for our example wee haue seene , how they that loued God , either died well , as they liued well ; or else by their martyrdome glorified God , and edified others , who neuer sought great things in prosperitie , nor were impatient in aduersitie . If wee feare with Baruch , Iere. 45. the wofull troubles at hand , wee are vnfit to purchase glorie to the Lord : but if wee be of Ieremiah his minde , as considering how God hath alwaies assisted his , and that if we beare the crosse patiently with his children , who were iustified , sanctified and blessed , wee also shall be iustified , sanctified , and blessed , and shall haue our faith strengthened , whereby we may the better glorifie him . For as the curse causelesse shall flie away , and doe no harme : so heauen and earth shall passe , but not one word of the Lord shall faile . Vers. 166 Lord , I haue trusted in thy saluation , and haue done thy testimonies . HEre the man of God particularly applieth that to himselfe , which generally before he had spoken : whose meaning is thus much : I haue seene that they that labour to keepe a good conscience , shall haue peace : therefore I labour to keepe a good conscience , in hope that the same will come to me . Now let vs first carrie away the lesson , namely , to apply that particularly to ourselues , which wee heare , reade , or receiud of others generally . And as he seeing the peace of the godly generally , laboured to feele the same in himselfe particularly : euen so we are not to satisfie our selues with the generall threatnings of the law , and promises of the Gospell , but to make them seuerall and particular to our selues . We see whatsoeuer the law teacheth generally ; the prophecies inculcate particularly , whether it be in threatnings or promises , in things commanded or forbidden . Wherefore let euery man desire of God that he may be a Prophet to himselfe , by laying the line of the word to his owne conscience , in this or such like manner : This thing the Lord commanded , therefore I must doe it , for he commandeth me ; this thing the word forbiddeth , therefore I must auoide it , for it is forbidden me : this the Lord threatneth to such a sinner , if I lie in that sin , I am to feare it : this the Gospell promiseth to them that repent ; then I hope vpon repentance to feele the comfort of it . For this is the true vse of hearing , when by this meane we are either comforted and incouraged to doe well , or terrified and dismaied to doe ill . The words in their originall tongue signifie thus much : I haue waited for thy saluation . Wherein is commended vnto vs a speciall effect of faith , which must be seene in waiting for that which is promised . The first generall truth that we must here take profit by , is , that if we will keep a good conscience , we must haue a sound faith , which breedeth a good conscience , and without which it is impossible to please God. If we then will doe good things , we must beleeue in God , as the author of all goodnes , wisedome , and eternitie , and that he hath made a sweete couenant with vs , and beleeuing this to be true , we must labour to keepe his commandements . For without this faith , we doe good or auoide ill , either for hope of reward , or for feare of ill : so that our obedience is violent , constrained , and not free . He beleeued not onely , but also looked patiently for those promises , which is here shewed by waiting . For many say , they loue the word who doe not in truth beleeue it ; or if they beleeue it , as they wil say , they doe not patiently waite for it , and many thinke they feare God , who worship rather an Idoll , and stay not themselues on God his promises . Many so perswade themselues to haue faith , who will make haste that God should presently helpe : which if it come not , they withdraw themselues , & seeke meanes to serue themselues . These declare themselues not to haue this waiting faith . Faith ( saith the holy Ghost , Heb. 11. 1. ) is the ground of things which are hoped for , and the euidence of things which are not seene . So that it is a thing which bringeth vs to the hope of that , which afterward we shall possesse . As he that beleeueth shall liue by faith : so he that waiteth not on the Lord , hath no true faith , because he will not tarrie for the Lords appointed time , but will prouide for himselfe . The Prophet saith , Esay . 30. 18. Blessed are all they that waite for the Lord. And Habac. 2. 3. Though the vision tarrie , ( saith the Lord ) w●ite : for it shall surely come and not stay . Againe , it is said Psal. 147. 11. The Lord delighteth in them that feare him , and attend vpon his mercie . A doctrine worthie to be written with the Diamond of God his Spirit in our hearts . This then is one of the chiefest effects of faith , when we waite on the Lords leisure , and make a distinction of the time of making and accomplishing Gods promises vnto vs. For betweene the one and the other , God sendeth often crosse things in the way to trie vs , whether we will waite or no. Indeed at the first , whilest our faith is but tender , it pleaseth him to feede vs as it were with pap , and to performe his promises plentifully vnto vs : but when we are growne to some strength , he will not still deale with vs as with children , but will often proue vs by suspending for a while his promises . If we consider how Abraham waited tenne yeeres , vntill the promise was accomplished , and how Iacob staied himselfe one and twentie yeeres , vntill he also obtained : and if we call to minde how long the Lord proued Ioseph , after he had dreamed , and how he tried Dauid with many troubles , and yet notwithstanding after so many temptations and dangers they beleeued , we shall see approued witnesses of this true effectuall faith . And as it is the nature of true faith to waite ; so it is the nature of incredulitie to be hastie , so that if we haue not things presently to helpe vs , we cannot be merrie , we must make some shifts to helpe our selues . For how cōmon a fruit of our vnbeleefe is it , that we so often haue in our troubles , and bring forth of the rotten stocke of our corrupt nature , when helpe is a little deferred , to say , I haue prayed , I haue asked counsell of Physitions , I haue vsed all the meanes I can , I haue staied thus long , I may waite indeede vntill my heart breake , I haue made hue and crie , I can finde no release , I am neuer the better , I must needes goe seeke out , I must aske counsell abroad , I must needes goe to some wiseman , I thinke now the Lord would haue me to vse some meanes for my reliefe . Thus Sathan , after our Sauiour Christ had long fasted , thinking that after so long waiting , his temptation should come in some good season moued our Sauiour Christ to seeke out , and to make some shift to helpe himselfe , and as he was the Sonne of God , so he might the better and more easily prouide for himselfe . Thus we see the man of God speaketh not onely of a small faith , but of a patient faith , and the cause of impatiencie is want of faith . Of this faith speaketh the Prophet Esai . 28 16. Behold , I will lay in Sion a stone , a tried stone , a precious corner stone , a sure foundation . He that beleeueth shall not make haste , to wit , to by-waies and indirect meanes , as casting off his hope of God his promises . Of the contrarie the want of faith speaketh our Sauiour Christ , Luke 18. 8. When the Sonne of man commeth , shall he finde faith on the earth ? Likewise Heb. 10. when the Apostle had said , The iust shall liue by faith , If any withdraw himselfe , ( his minde is not vpright in him ) my soule shall haue no pleasure in him . Againe , Habac. 2. when the Lord had commanded the Prophet to waite , he saith , He that lifteth vp himselfe , his minde is not vpright in him , that is , he hath a troubled minde , and vnquiet spirit . Wherefore let vs attend vpon that exhortation of the Apostle , Iam. 5. 11. Ye haue heard of the patience of Iob , & haue knowne what end the Lord made : As if he should say , ye are not ignorant of that my errour of patiēce , who , when the Lord suspended his iudgements , still waited for the accomplishments of his promises . Whosoeuer then thinketh himselfe to haue faith , and by patience cannot waite for the Lord his leisure , and due time of helpe , but withdraweth himselfe , and maketh haste to other meanes , and not staying himselfe on God his word and promises , but hastneth , and cannot be quiet in his minde , vntill presently he haue gotten some helpe , he is as yet an vnbeleeuer . And I haue done thy Commandements . Euen as without faith it is impossible to please God , so is it impossible truly to trust in God his saluation , vnlesse we labour by faith to serue him in loue , and to please him with good workes . Wherefore as the Apostle hath taken vp the truth of this rule , so he sheweth Heb. 11. how all the Fathers by their faith did trauell in good workes : By faith ( saith he ) Abel offered vnto God , a greater sacrifice than Cain ; by faith was Enoch taken away ; by faith Noah prepared the Arke ; by faith Abraham obeyed God ; through faith Sarah receiued strength to conceiue , &c. A contrarie argument to that which we haue in our times , where our faith and profession is so barren of good workes . True it is , that when we will glorie before God , all boasting in good workes is shut out , in that , if he entreth into iudgement with the best of our actions , he shal find them polluted with many imperfections , so that we can by no meanes stand before him , but in faith : but , Iam. 2. 20. Wilt thou vnderstand , O thou vaine man , that the faith which is without workes , is dead ? was not Abraham our father iustified through workes ? &c. where we must note the diuers significations of the word ( iustifie ) if we will shew these two propositions to be true , and how they may be reconciled , we are iustified by faith , we are iustified by workes . For as God sanctifieth vs , when he maketh vs partakers of his holinesse ; and we sanctifie him , when we shew him to be holie : so God is said to iustifie vs , when we are approued iust before God ; and we iustifie God , when we testifie that he is iust . In like maner faith iustifieth vs , in that it acquiteth vs before God from our sinnes for Christ his sake , in whom we beleeue : workes iustifie vs , in as much as they witnesse to vs , and to men , that we are iustified by faith before God , whereof our sanctification is a pledge . So that we meane nothing else , when we say , we are iustified by works , than if we should say , We declare and make knowne , that we are iustified by these works . For when euery good worke is of the spirit of God , and the spirit of God is giuen to none , but to the children of God ; when we faile in doing many things , whereunto we are by Gods spirit moued ; and in those things which we doe , we corrupt those motions , so that our best actions stand in neede of faith , to haue them purged in Christ his perfit obedience : it is manifest , that our workes onely giue a testimonie to our selues , and others , that we are iustified . If then we haue true faith , it must worke by loue , that as faith doth acquite vs from sinne before God ; so good workes may giue euidence thereof before men . When then we are carried away with dulnesse in good things , and with deadnesse in weldoing , we are to trie our hearts , if we want , God is not pleased with vs , if we haue saith without workes , we deceiue our selues . The meaning then of the man of God in this place , is thus much : Because I know , that they haue happie successe , that loue thee and obey thy word ; this moueth me to keepe a good conscience . So we haue learned thus much , that it is but follie to boast of faith without good workes . For as we iudge a man to be aliue , so long as we perceiue his vitall spirits , his animall powers , and naturall operations to exercise themselues , and thinke that he is not dead , whilest the faculties of the minde are exercised in the senses , mēbers & powers of the body ; but notwithstanding that life it selfe is a thing most secret , yet by a mans seeing , hearing , tasting , touching , going and working we discerne the same ; euen so , so long as we perceiue the fruits of God his spirit , and new birth , and the effects of grace , and fruites of sanctification in the soule , we thinke him not spiritually dead , in whom these things are : And notwithstanding saith , which is the life of Gods children , be a most secret thing ; yet when we can open our eyes , to see the wonderfull word of God to his praise , and shut them from seeing vanities ; when our eares are open to the works of God , and closed , and dull to heare worldly vanities ; when our mouthes can speak of Gods iudgements , and are dumbe in leasings : we may iudge by these and the like effects , that there is the life of Christ in vs. And herewithall we must obserue , as these naturall workings are not the cause of life , but that rather insomuch as we liue , these things do exercise themselues in vs : euen so the good workes are no cause why we are good or liue by faith , but because by faith in Christ we are accounted good and iust before the Lord , therefore we are good . For as the tree hath not his goodnes of the fruits , but the fruits haue their goodnes , because first the tree was good , so we cannot be said to be good in respect of our workes , but our workes are good in respect of vs iustified before by faith . And although the sap , life and nourishment of the tree , be a thing most secret and hidden from common sense ; yet by the leaues , buds , greenes and fruits thereof we draw knowledge of the life in it : so though our life which is hidden in Christ , be hidden from flesh and blood , yet by the holy practises of good workes , we easily discerne the same . Now for want of this , we may see the great iudgement of God in suffering the Papists , heretikes , & familie of loue to spoile vs of this peace of conscience , by teaching their false opinions of iustification by workes . Which thing seeing they hold the rather , with seeing the cold profession of worldly Protestants , it must needs humble vs. For thus reason they , that are vnstable in the truth , Surely their profession is not according to the truth , it is so barren of good works , and they maintaine not the true doctrine , whose liues are so contrary to their professions . Woe be to them , by whom these offences do iustly come , and woe be to them that take such offences , and that shut wilfully their eyes , and will not see the truth . Howbeit we are to profit hereby , and to trauell in a greater care of good workes , whereby we may stop these blasphemous mouthes of the aduersaries . Vers. 167. My soule hath kept thy testimonies : for I loue them exceedingly . HEre he confirmeth the same doctrine which he vsed before , for in saying my soule hath kept thy testimonies , is all one as if he should haue said , I haue looked ( or waited ) on thy saluation . For as we often obserued , the man of God meaneth the couenant which engendreth faith , as the records and testimonials of Gods fauour towards vs. So that the effect of these words is thus much : I haue an entire care in sinceritie of faith , to encrease the blessed witnesses of thy loue toward me . It is an vsuall phrase among the Hebrues , when they would expresse their vehement affection to any thing to say , My soule : as Psal. 103. 1. and 104. 1. My soule praise thou the Lord , and Luk. 1. My soule doth magnifie the Lord. So that here the Prophet doth not only outwardly cōmend the law , but saith , that he hath sworne and will performe the keeping of God his testimonies ▪ With the heart , saith the Apostle , we beleeue , shewing that the heart is the proper place of faith , and not the braine , and that we must as wel be touched in affection , as in outward bettering of our iudgement . They must be vehement passions of the minde wherewith we must let the testimonies of God sinke down into the depth of our hearts . Wherefore we are here to learne that our ouer profession of the Gospell will not acquite vs before God his iudgement seate . For I loue them exceedingly : that is , They are not of small value with me , I loue them entirely , because they are things most precious vnto me . This is the high dignitie & estimation which we owe and should performe to the sweet testimonies of our saluation . Wherefore our Sauiour Christ saith : the kingdome of heauen is like vnto a treasure which is hidden , which when a man findeth , for ioy he selleth all that he hath , to purchase that . Thus we see the man of God hauing made mention of faith , maketh mention also of loue , teaching vs , that true faith worketh by loue . Also he sheweth vs , that the cause why the comfortable promises of the Gospell so soone slip from vs , and our comforts are so momentany , and griefes so sore charge vs and ouerwhelme vs , is , euen because we haue laid vp these promises rather in the braine , than in the heart . This is too short , cold and small a loue for the profession of the Gospell , and bewrayeth the want of faith ; & the want of faith declareth a want of loue . For if we know aright , what an inestimable treasure the promises of God were , in that in them we haue the assurance of all our sinnes pardoned , of God his prouidence watching ouer vs , his Angels ministring to vs , his creatures wayting on vs , that we shall be companions not onely with his Saints and Angels , but heires and fellow heires with Christ , and that after this life a happie crowne of glorie is laid vp for vs , we should more highly esteeme of them , then we doe , and more heartily loue them . For what maketh worldlings so to loue golde , but that they thinke it the most precious mettal ? what causeth ambitious men so to set by prefermēt , but that they thinke it the best thing for them ? what causeth the man so to loue or like his wife , or the woman her husband , but that they are perswaded , that none in the world were fitter each for other ? When our Sauiour Christ would haue Peter to be carefull in ouerseeing his flocke , he vseth this triall , louest thou me Peter ? And the Apostle said , how through loue he was inforced to preach Christ to the Church . This thē must not be faint and feeble loue , but a streightned and ●aborsome affection , which is stil occupied in adorning the thing loued , and cannot satisfie it selfe in thinking of it , and in speaking of it , and in doing it , so that the greatnes of the perswasiō draweth out the greatnes of the affection . It is then a drowsie dreame which some hold for a setled opinion , who thinke that loue goeth before faith , when the very heathen saw by the light of nature , that a man could not loue , that which he knew not . And we know that faith is a knowledge with a ful perswasion ; so that if we loue the word exceedingly , we are perswaded by an exceeding faith of the word which we loue , and this faith shewing it selfe in loue , is fruitful in good workes . Look in what measure we are perswaded of the goodnes of the thing , in that measure we loue it . Vers. 168. I haue kept thy precepts and thy testimonies : for all my wayes are before thee . WE haue heard the man of God speaking of his faith and loue , whereunto now he ioyneth his feare , which moued him to keepe both the testimonies of the Lord and his precepts . So that if we will grow to this measure of obedience , we must first labour for faith to beleeue , faith must worke by loue , & loue breede in vs a reuerent feare of God his maiesty , which feare must engender in vs a care to please God , and a griefe to displease him : so that we may thus shew the prophet his meaning . Lord , I set all my doings open in thy sight , wherefore I am carefull to doe any thing which thou commaundest , and afraide to do any thing thou forbiddest . So that we learne for our instruction , that as the very motions of his heart were laide open before the Lord , whereby he was armed with this care and feare ; so if we will be beautified with the like affections we must vse the like meanes . True it is that God seeth all mens wayes , and gageth the hearts of al , as well of the wicked , as of his children , howbeit all beleeue not , all see not this in themselues ▪ The wicked may confesse it so to be in outward things , but doubtles they are not in truth perswaded that God doth see their hearts . For if they were , how durst they do that in the sight of God and his Angels ▪ which they dare not doe in the sight of the day-light and of a little childe ? Bu● let them couer their sins in the depth of their hearts , let thē hide them with darkenes , surely the Lord will keepe them in a register , and in time will lay all their sinnes before them , that all the world may knowe how they haue buried the long suffering of the Lord in the hollow graues of their hypocrisie . Wherefore euery man , that wil shew himselfe thus to be perswaded of Gods al-seeing presence , must shew it by an earnest care of obedience , and a reuerent feare of disobedience , whereof the one , that is the feare of disobedience is shewed in the first verse of this octonarie , the other is shewed in the last . Shall we then assure our selues , that wee bee perswaded indeede that God doth beholde vs , let vs search our hearts whether we haue these or the like affections . For dare a subiect in the presence of his prince commit any thing against the lawes for feare of a checke , or rather will he not be carefull in the eyes of his soueraigne to do all things to his liking and contentation ? Dare a good childe in the presence of his father willingly breake his commaundement for feare of controlment , or will he not rather endeuour to bee very dutiful for hope of commendation ? Then doubtlesse without this care and feare wee receiue our soules with this drowsie dreame and vaine perswasion of Gods beholding vs. Wherefore how dare ●h● heretikes , papists and family of loue , perswade thēselues to walke before the Lord , seeing they haue not submitted themselues to his word , which is the onely instrume●● that maketh naked the conscience of man , as it is Heb. 4. 12. The word of God is liuely and 〈◊〉 operation , &c. and it is added in the verse following ; Neither is there any creatur● ▪ which is not manifest in his sight : but all things are naked and open vnto his eyes . So that they wh●●● are not truely instructed in the word , cannot truely haue their sins laide naked ▪ and they which haue not their sins laid open , cannot in the feare of God forsal●e their corruptions . Wherefore in like manner all ignorant persons may perswade themselues , that they please God and walke before him in care and feare , but they doe but deceiue their owne soules . But if wee can truly say this , with pure triall of it in our hearts , it is most certaine , it will serue in steade of an hundreth rules besides for the right direction and holy gouernment of our liues . In that the man of God saith , that he kept both the precepts and the testimonies , he giueth vs to vnderstand , that if we will in truth be perswaded that God seeth vs in all things ▪ we must beleeue his testimonies , and obserue his statutes because we can neither beleeue aright , vnlesse our faith worketh by loue , neither be our workes acceptable , but as they be the fruites of faith . There is indeede a feare without this faith , but it is a seruile and slauish , farre differing from that childish and filiall feare which is here vnderstood . For as a seruant may obey and doe his outward taske rather for feare of stripes of his master , if hee should not doe it , then for any pure loue ; and the childe is in all things obedient , not so much that hee is afraide of the rod , as he is loth to haue the least displeasure of his louing father : so wee may vse the outward obedience in a carnall feare , trembling at the seuere threatnings of God , as of a iudge , but without this , wee shall leese the care to please him , as loth to be depriued of his fatherly countenance and affection towards vs. So that without this faith we are in danger to walke either in secret pride , or else in slauish feare . But faith maketh vs come liberally and cheerefully ●o obedience , when wee shall see , that hee will not deale roughly with vs , as iudging vs according to our deserts , but as bearing with our infirmities , and sparing vs as a mercifull father . Neither , as dare I affirme , did euer any truely obey God , which in some measure had not this feare of God before his eyes , where by they feared him as a God , and loued him as a father . Gods children dare not dally with their most priuie thoughts , for they know that God seeth in darknes as wel as in delight : he is the God of the night as of the day , & to him they are both as one ; hee beholdeth their thoughts a farre off , and there is no word in their tongu : which he knoweth not : they know he is priuy to their down lyings , and vprisings ; to their goings out , and their commings in ; neither can they in any place , high or low , far or neare , early or late flie from his al-seeing presence . If they doe ill , they tarry not long to seeke reconcilement , because they knowe that his iudgements are according to truth : if they doe well , they are not proude of it . This worketh in them a wonderfull boldnesse in Gods causes , and bringeth them to feare , when their cause is not good . Againe , it breedeth patience in trouble , profit in slaunders , meeknes , when the world contemneth them , sene in secret sinnes , knowing that when the world hath passed in iudgement on them ▪ there ●●●ll iudgement in greater truth be giuen of them by Christ. And againe , though they escape the iudgements of man ; yet they shall not escape the iudgements of God. But as the Lord throweth the wicked with their hypocrisi●s to hell : So hee will humble and punish his children with sore corrections . So that this is the way of them that walke before the Lord , they know in time the Lord will reward , and make knowne their secret godlines , and in time punish and make knowne their secret sinnes . If it come to passe that Gods children forget themselues sometimes to be in their Fathers presence , as earthly children reioyce sometimes to be from their Fathers , that they might play the more : neuertheles after they come to be ashamed and grieued , when they consider that all that time their Father espied & marked them : and though they did forget that their Father saw them , being carried away with some strong lust , the best they know is to returne in time . For then they begin to reason on this mannner : Oh what a wretch was I , to doe this in the eyes of my God , and in the presence of my Father : so that as we see this consideration of Gods presence bringeth griefe for sinnes present ; so it maketh after the examinations of our selues ashamed of sinnes past . Wee heard before how it also worketh patience in vs , when our good causes , haue not good successe , because we remember that Psalm : 34. The eyes of the Lorde art ouer the iust , and his eares are open to their prayers : Whereupon we recouer our selues , with this and such like meditations : Well I am misdeemed , I am suspected , I see I am ill thought of , I know in the end , that the Lord seeing my cause to be good , & to be vsed with a good heart , will defend me ; and he seeing their cause to be ill , and how they maintaine it with an ill heart , will in time giue them the ouerthrow : and I holding a generall good thing , though in particulars I faile , yet mercie being with the Lord , that he might be feared , know that he will looke vpon me . And as God his children are afraid of their secret corruptions : so in their troubles they dare appeare to the Lord , who seeth all things . We further are here to learne , if we looke on the law , and on the gospell , without any consideration of the presence of GOD , it will worke in vs a mercenarie feare , and will breede a care to doe well in hope of commoditie , and a feare to displease for feare of punishment . True it is , as we be carnall , we neede such second helps of promises and threatnings : yet wee must know that to be true faith in the promises of GOD , which is mixed with faith in his threatnings ; and that is true feare of his threatnings , which is tempered with feare of his mercies . For thus we shall walke in a feare of his Maiestie , as he is a God , and in feare of losing his fatherly mercie & countenance as he is our Father ; and so shall we not commit grosse sinnes , for feare of his iudgements , nor feare too much when we cōmit secret sinnes , because we know him to be mercifull , in that he will not sooth nor cocker vs in any sinne , as wanton mothers do their children , nor alwayes be checking & taunting vs as a seuere and austere father , to dull vs for our secret sins . PORTION 22. TAV . Vers. 169. Let my complaint come before thee , O Lorde , and giue mee vnderstanding according vnto thy Word . THe argument of that which hath bene before , is still cōtinued , which was briefly contained in these two things , either that he prayed for a clearer vnderstanding of Gods word , or else that with his good vnderstāding he might haue a more godly life . So that the briefe summe of this octonarie is , that hee first prayeth for the true direction of himselfe in his iudgment ; then for the true fruite of his knowledge in his life . For in the foure former verses he prayeth for soūdnes of iudgment , & in the foure latter , that the issues of Gods promises might appeare in a godly life . In the two first verses he praieth for vnderstanding ; in the two next , he promiseth to be thankfull . In the first verse , he desireth to be truly directed in the word ; in the second to be rid from all streights & hindrances of his knowledge . In the first part of the first verse , he asketh not his suite simply , but earnestly , as with complaint . What meaneth this , that he should pursue his old argument● it seemeth that either he was very blockish in vnderstanding , who stil praied for his directiō in iudgement , and that we are very quick in the knowledge of the word , who vse so sewe praiers ; or that we are very blockish in seeing our wants , and he quicksighted in his own corruptions . For it must needs be confessed , if the man of God could not without vsing of so many means , attain to the pure vnderstanding of Gods word , and we perswade our selues that we with fewer means can attaine vnto it , that there was either a maruellous dulnes in him , and there is some wonderfull freshnes in vs ; or else , that he saw much , what an hard matter it is , either to come to , or continue in the true knowledge of the law , which we see not . But seeing it is manifest , that he was a man of God , & as a Prophet gouerned by the spirit of God , and yet so reuerently and carefully vsed all the meanes , then we are in a blockish blindnes , and senseles deadnes , who hauing in no measure the like graces , in no degree vse the like means : And that as on him was Gods great blessing : so vnto vs is due the resting of his deserued curse . It is a manifest token that he had a maruellous sight and feeling of his wants , in that he so often renueth his request to be taught , and as may euidently appeare , by his doubling of his praier , at the least in euery portion . For to take some short view of all the portions going before , we shall see port . 1. 5. he saith . Oh that my waies were directed to keepe thy statutes . Port. 2. 4. Blessed art thou , ô Lord , teach me thy statutes . 3. 2. Open mine eyes , that I may see the wonders of thy law : I am a stranger vpon earth , hide not thy commandements from mee . 4. 3. Make me to vnderstand the way of thy truth , and I will meditate in thy wondrous workes : take from me the way of lying , and graunt me graciously thy law . 5. 1. Teach me the way of thy statutes , and I shall keepe it vnto the end : giue me vnderstanding , and I shall keepe thy law , yea I will keepe it with mine whole heart : direct mee in the paths of thy commandements . 8. 8 The earth ô Lord is full of thy mercy , teach me thy statutes . 9. 2. Teach me good iudgement and knowledge , for I haue beleeued thy commandements : thou art good and gracious , teach mee thy statutes . 10. 1. Thine hands haue made mee , and fashioned mee , giue me vnderstanding therefore , that I may learne thy commandements . 11. 8. Quicken me according to thy louing kindnes , so shall I keepe thy testimonies of thy mouth . In the 15. portion , hee sheweth the fruits and effects of the word . Port. 14. 1. he sheweth that it was a lanterne to his feete , and a light to his paths . 15. 4. Stablish mee according to thy promise , that I may liue . 16 5. I am thy seruant , graunt me therefore vnderstanding , that I may know thy testimonies . 17. 5. Direct my steps in thy word , &c. Shew the light of thy countenance vpon thy seruant , & teach me thy statutes . 18. 8. The righteousnes of thy testimonies is euerlasting , grant me vnderstāding , & I shall liue ▪ 19. 5. Heare my voice according to thy louing kindnes : O Lord quicken me according to thy iudgements . 20. 7. Quicken me according to thy iudgemēts . 7. Quicken me according to thy louing kindnes , and here he saith , Lord I make my pitifull mone vnto thee for this knowledge . Was he not now , shall we thinke throughly perswaded , that the word of God is a treasure , seeing hee would meditate of it , runne after it , seeke early and late , pray for it , and practise it continually ? this must make vs ashamed of our cold loue vnto it . Well , wee see here that the man of God doth not ouerly , or lightly aske this heauenly knowledge , hypocrites may stretch out their throtes , and yell with their voyces as loud as he : but the man of God in the bitternes of his spirit complaineth to God of his wants , and from the abundance of the heart praieth thus to the Lord. And besides his much and continuallie praying , wee see his other exercises in meditating , at morning and euening , his praising God seuen times a day , his teaching and conferring with others . Wherefore we must needes see and confesse , that either hee was very vile , and wee very holie : or he most holie , and we very vile . Shall we hope to attaine this without vsing the like meanes ? Did not hee attaine to Knowledge without so many meanes , and shall wee attaine to it with vsing of no meanes ? Shall wee thinke the Lord will be more partiall with vs , than he was with his beloued Prophet ? Did not the man of God obtaine without asking often , and shall we obtaine without asking at all ? Shall he crie and call , pray and complaine , watch , and wake to get vnderstanding , and shall wee slugge and doe nothing ? Or did it more appertaine to him to doe these things ; or doe they lesse concerne vs , seeing he did them for our instruction ? The holy Ghost hath for no other end blessed the commendation of so good men to vs , then for a type of godlines , which we must follow , and wherby he vouchsafeth as it were to open heauen gates for vs , and to giue vs accesse to the treasures of heauen . Surely , it was not for any profit of the Prophet himselfe , who did it , but for all posteritie to come , to put vs in minde of our corruption , to shew how we should striue against it . Wherefore it standeth vs in hand more carefully , more frequently , more feruently to vse prayer , if euer wee will hope for the like graces . For the Lord hath promised , that if wee knock on this sort , the doore of knowledge shall be opened ; if we seeke wisedome on this sort , wee shall surely finde her ; if wee craue vnderstanding with this affection and ala●●●●e , we shall receiue plentifully . We must then in our behalfe know , that wee must knocke and that instantly , we must seeke and that carefully , we must aske and that diligently , with an holy importunitie . Away then with our old drowsines , God will not bestow his hidden secrets , his treasures , his mysteries , his iewels vpon them , who vouchsafe not to aske them . For seeing the things which he promiseth in his word be no small things , but such as the eye hath not seene , the eare heard , tongue expressed , nor heart conceiued ; shall we thinke to come to them by shutting our eyes , by making dull our eares , by closing vp our mouthes , and hardning our hearts ? Surely no. Behold then this vehement praying of the man of God , for a president for vs to follow . But why should the man of God here pray for vnderstanding ? had he not often prayed for it before ? was he a nouice in knowledge being a Prophet ▪ doth not our Sauiour Christ reprehend repetitions and babling in prayer ? True it is our Sauiour Christ doth reprehend that babling , which is without faith and knowledge , and a feeling of our wants , but he speaketh not against these serious and often repetitions , which proceede from a plentifull knowledge , abundant faith , and liuely feeling of our necessities . Againe , although it cannot be denyed , but he was a man of God , and had receiued great graces , yet God giueth knowledge to his dearest Saints in this life but in part , and the most which we see and know is the least thing , which we see not , nor knowe . Besides , when wee haue knowledge , and knowledge must be brought into practise , wee shall finde such difficulties , such wawardnes , such forgetfulnes , such wants , that although we haue had with the Prophet a very good direction in the generall things of the word , which are vniuersall and few ; yet we shall finde many distractions in our practises , which must bee particular and many , and wee shal either faile in memorie by forgetfulnesse , or in iudgement by blindnes , or in affection by dulnes . So easily may we slippe , when wee thinke we may hold our iourney on . Wherfore the man of God , through that examination which he tooke of his heart and affections , seeing those manifold streights and difficulties , prayeth in the verse following , not for the renuing of men in generall troubles , but for the hindring of his particular estate and condition . Vers. 170. Let my supplication come before thee , and deliuer me according to thy promise . WEl now , if we only cōsider those former causes , we shal see that here is no vaine repetition , and that in nothing this prayer was made too often . For besides that , as we said , we know here but in part , we forget also that which we know , and wee cannot practise that which we remember : so that it is a rare thing to haue a good iudgement , but rarer when wee haue a good iudgement to haue a good affection , and most rare when wee haue a good iudgement and a sound affection , to haue them still . For wee haue not in vs any indwelling righteousnes . Againe , as it had not been sufficient for vs to haue had light heretofore , and not to haue it now ; or hauing it now , vnlesse we haue it hereafter : so it is requisit for our life which we hold in Christ , that we haue not onely had iudgement heretofore , vnlesse we haue it now ; and it is not sufficient to haue it now , vnlesse we haue it hereafter . For they that thinke their iudgement is perfit enough , and their affections holy , had no need to haue Christ to be their schoolemaster , who teacheth the simple and ignorant ; they that are whole need him not to be their physition , who came not to cal the righteous : but sinners to repentance . But God his children seeing their ignorance and corrupt affections , euen by experiēce ( the schoolemistresse of schooles ) know , how needful it is daily to craue knowledge , and continually to labour for a good conscience . On the contrary part , who so bolde as blinde bayard ; who so loftie as hee that vnderstandeth least ; who so proud , as hee that hath but slender knowledge ? But surely the children of God , who are conscious still of their deadnes & dulnes in heauenly things , would euen haue despaired , had they not seene the same in the Saints of God before them , and had they not receiued from God this holy Psalme , both for a patterne of godlines , to their instruction , and also for an example , how they might be rid from their ignorance , deadnes , & dulnes , and how they might be comforted , when after much striuing and shaking them off , they returne to them againe to their consolation . For when we see that the Saints of God before vs haue had such fightes , not onely with corruptions of ill iudgement , and corrupt affections , which they had of nature : but after they haue beene renued by knowledge , and therewithall consider , that by prayer alone they haue bene reuiued , we are assured and comforted , that if wee continue , and renue our prayers , GOD will continue and renue his graces in vs. Thus we see as well to our consolation as instruction , that the Saints of GOD were not onely not safe from presumptuous sinnes , but also they laboured to see the errors of this life , and also desired to bee rid from the daungerous and sluggish sinnes of prophane professors , who will see nothing at all . According to thy Word . These wordes will beare a double interpretation : for either the meaning of them is , giue me vnderstanding , which is according to the prescript truth of thy holy Word ; or else , according as thou hast promised in the Worde , to them that by prayer aske it of thee . But because this latter sense comprehendeth the former , I more willingly embrace the latter . For if God helpe vs according to his promise , it is doubtles according to his word , for hee promiseth nothing which is not agreeable with his word . Besides ; this may be pr●ued by that wich is added in the verse following , where hee saith , according to thy promise . Now in that he repeateth the same thing , he sheweth , that certainly God hath promised to helpe and relieue his necessitie . Neither must we thinke that this promise was made to Dauid alone , who alone had not such infirmities , but hee speaketh as a member of the Church : for the promise appertaineth to the Church , & to all in the Church vniuersally ; Howbeit , looke what the Lord had promised to all generally , he applieth to himselfe particularly . For we may see both in this Psalme , Port 17 ▪ 2. The entrance into thy word sheweth light , and giueth vnderstanding to the simple ; as also Psal. 19. 7. The testimonie of the Lord is sure , and giueth light to the simple : that the promise is generall , and as well appertaineth to vs as to him . So that the meaning of this latter part is nothing else but this ; as thou hast promised to giue knowledge to them that seeke it , so Lord giue it mee : for I thus seeke it . Thus we see how needfull it is to haue knowledge of God his word , seeing none obtaine but they that pray , according as God hath promised in his word , according to that Ioh. 5. 4 This is the assurance that we haue in him , that if we aske any thing according to his will , hee heareth vs. Ye aske , saith S. Iames , cap. 4. 3 ▪ and receiue not , because ye aske amisse . We must not pray then for euery phantasie , and for euery grace that commeth into our minds , but for those things for which we are taught to pray according to the word . But how can we doe this without knowledge ? how should we pray to him , in whom we haue not beleeued ? or how should we beleeue in him , whom we haue not knowne ? Whosoeuer then will pray aright , must pray in faith , and he that will pray in faith , must also pray in knowledge . Againe , we are heere to obserue thus much : that whosoeuer he be that will be directed in singular actions , he must acquaint himselfe with the particular knowledge of the word . Wherefore let vs learne to vse often reading , hearing , and meditating of the word , and with often reading , hearing , and meditating , let vs vse often praying , applying , and examining of our selues , that we may both seeke vnderstanding in knowledge , and the obedience of it in our affections . For often reading , hearing , and meditating , bring ripenes of iudgement ; often praying , applying , and examining our selues , bring quicknes of our affections . We shall see then for often praying , the Lord will driue vs to it with often giuing of his graces , with the giuing of his graces , he will giue necessities , with the giuing of necessities , he will often giue occasions to set forth his glorie . How shall we pray now without iudgement ? or how shall we meditate without knowledge ? Wee must often heare for knowledge sake , we must often meditate for conscience sake . For as we cannot haue profit in the generall knowledge of a thing , without particular meditating of it : so can wee not meditate without some troubling of our minde , vnlesse we doe it of iudgement , no more then not hauing knowledge we can pray , without great turmoyling and troubling of our minde . Thus we must ioyne all meanes together ; as first by conference wee must labour for knowledge ; to make our knowledge more effectuall wee must ioyne meditation ; and that both knowledge and meditation may be sanctified , we must vse prayer . Let my supplication come before thee , and deliuer me according to thy promise . Here he prayeth to bee rid from these streights and encombrances , which did hinder this vnderstanding of the word which hee desired . For whereas some vnderstand it of outward and common troubles , I thinke , by those things which goe before , and comparing it with those things that follow after , that he meaneth that deliuerāct , which might rid him from those things which are contrarie and preiudiciall to the things before prayed for , that so both being enlightened with true knowledge , and deliuered from all blindnes , hee might praise God more freely and liberally both for his vnderstanding , and for the escapes of those distresses perplexities , doubts and ignorances of his mind . And thus considering that he prayeth to obtainē the good things , and to be deliuered from the contrarie euill things , let vs consider of that which followeth . According to thy promise , If wee will obtaine any thing of the Lord , wee must first vow thankfulnes ; and as we be suiters , we must be thanksgiuers ; as we be suppliants , wee must be plentifull in prayses to the Lord. For this is the end of our creatiō : this is the end of our redemption , this is the end of our sanctification , this is the end of all our praying , and obtaining , euen plentifully to praise the name of our good God. Vers. 171. My lips shall speake praise , when thou hast taught me thy statutes . AS wee learne now that the end of all Gods blessings is thanksgiuing , and vnlesse wee purpose and will performe this , we must neuer looke to obtaine any thing in fauour : so we are also to learne , that before God teacheth vs from aboue , we are as tonguetide , and cannot pray , before he by his spirit doth instruct vs , we cānot once speake of his word . This he sheweth both in the first portion and seuenth verse : I will praise thee with an vpright heart , when I shall haue learned the iudgements of thy righteousnes : and in the second portion , where after he hath prayed to be taught in the statutes , he promiseth with his lippes to tel the iudgements of the Lord. We cannot then blesse God before he instruct vs. When the Lord rectifieth our knowledge with cleere iudgement , and renueth our hearts with holy affections , wee are most readie to praise the Lord , according to that in the Psalme : Lord open thou my lippes , and my mouth shall shew thy praise . And Rom. 8. 29. The spirit helpeth our infirmities : for wee knowe not how to pray as we ought , &c. Wherefore if wee liue to eate , to drinke , to sleepe , and not to praise God , we liue no better than bruit beasts , or rather worse : for they praise God in their willing seruing of mans necessities , and according to their kinde in their waies . But man , to whom the Lord hath giuen eyes to looke to heauen , eares to heare his word , speech to sound his praises , a mind to conceiue his glorious works and blessed word , seeing he hath these gifts aboue beasts , it is certaine there must be thankfulnes in man aboue that which is in beasts , vnlesse man will be iudged euen by the bruit beasts , to bee more guiltie of his condemnation . For as there is no more praying in vs , than there is beleeuing : so there is no beleeuing without knowing God , and there is no thankesgiuing , without both knowing and also beleeing in God. If in any measure therefore we will praise God , wee must in some measure know God ; if we will praise God more than the common sort of men , wee must labour to know more than the common sort of men . But what meaneth the Prophet , to desire to bee taught ? was hee not well seene in the word ? had he not learned much , as becommeth a Prophet ? what teaching doth hee here meane ? knowledge puffeth vp and is voide of humilitie , confessing our wants . This is the teaching of the spirit . For it is no doubt but he had eyes to see as well as others , he had cares to heare , hee had an heare to conceiue , hee was a man of God. Howbeit , wee are to know , that though our eyes be vpon our booke , and the word be sounded in our eares ; yet it is the spirit of God that maketh vs teacheable in iudgement , and frameable in our affections . What haue we which we haue nor receiued ? it is the gift of God , and to you it is giuen , saith our Sauiour Christ to his Disciples , to vnderstand the mysteries of God. This then being giuen of God by his spirit , must cause vs to bee thankefull . Why doe so many excell in knowledge ? and why doe so few giue thankes ? surely because they are taught by the letter , and not by the spirit ▪ For a man may attaine to the knowledge of the word , as others attaine to the knowledge of humaine arts , but to his iuster condemnation . Wherefore in a word we may conclude , if the man of God might haue atchieued such knowledge without such meanes , he was either too much busied in that wherein he needed not haue troubled himselfe ▪ or else an hypocrite . But if we reade , that the blinde which were restored to their sight , the deafe whose eares were opened , the dumbe , who by the finger of Christ his power did speake againe , acknowledged this to be the only worke of God , and were thankefull ; although indeed of the ten leapers which were cleansed , one onely was thankful , and nine held their peace : how much are wee bound to praise and magnifie the name of our good God , who hath deliuered vs from blindnes and ignorance , wherein we were plunged , to see the bright beames of the glorious Gospell , who hath opened our heauie and dull eares to heare the sweet voyce of the sonne of God , who hath vntied our tongues and vnclosed our lips , which were sewed vp from sounding the praise of our saluation , yea and which more is , hath vntied & restored our feete , to walke in the glorious libertie of the sonnes of God , and hast cast out of vs the diuell and his power , and spoiled from henceforth his kingdome in vs , that we might serue the Lord in newnes of conuersation . We see now , that whosoeuer is taught aright to the kingdome of God , he shall praise the Lord. But what is the cause , why this effect is so little found in vs of praising God ? euen because we are voyd of the cause , that is , of teaching of the spirit . For either surely we haue none vnderstanding , or else we haue not the vnderstanding of the spirit ▪ O blessed work of Gods spirit , thankesgiuing ! This made the Propher say : Psal : 16. 2. My weldoing extendeth not to thee , O Lord. And 116. 12. What shall I render vnto the Lord for all his benefits towards me ? I will take the cup of saluation and call vpon the name of the Lord. That is , I will acknowledge his olde graces receiued , and hope that I shall haue his mercies continued . But herein is another thing worthy to be obserued , that according to the proportiō of his praiers , is the proportion of thankesgiuing . For as the two former verses containe two prayers ; so the two latter verses containe two thankesgiuings ▪ And marke how according to the vehemeney of his praier , there is a vehemencie of thankesgiuing . For as he had said let my complaint come before the● : so he addeth ▪ my lips shal powr eforth thy praise continually . A word drawn from spoutes or spring-heads , which aboundantly yeeld water out from them . So to complaints answereth the word of powring out . In the second he saith : Let my supplication come before 〈◊〉 Whereunto answereth : my tongue shall intreat of thy word : Where he promiseth to be no ●●sse shrill in thankesgiuing , than loude in praying to the Lord. Oh , ●●●s throweth downe the hearts of Gods children , that they can in no measure nor proportion be thankefull for Gods benefits . This vnthankefulnesse must needes be grieuous vnto the Lord , which is so odious in the sight of man : wee see , bestowe a benefit on a begger , their suites and complaints doe in many degrees exceede their thankesgiuing ; and certainely as this vnthankefulnesse is from man to man : so also it is from man to God. For let vs be in paine , in sickenesse , in pouertie , or any other affliction , and what prayers make we ? what protestations vowe we ? how often crie we ? Lord helpe me , Lord haue mercie upon me ? rid me now Lord , and I will giue thankes to thee ? But when the rod is off , how many among ten returne to giue thankes for our deliuerance ! peraduenture one . Thus wee see how liberall we are in praying , because it is easie , to see our wants ; and how sparing wee are in thankesgiuing , because we doe not so easily see our benefits . We see how often wee are in praying , how seldome in thankesgiuing : we see how feruent wee are in crauing , how cold we are in acknowledging the supplie of our wants . If we attaine not to this measure and proportion of thanksgiuing with the man of God , at the least let vs complaine and mone our vnthankfulnesse and dulnesse . For we must be assured , that if we offer not in some degree , the calues of our lippes , the Lord hath lost his mercies , and spent them as it were in vaine ; and we depriue our selues of the fruit of them , to be continued vnto vs hereafter . Vers. 172. My tongue shall intreate of thy word : for all thy commandements are righteous . ANd though the man of God saith here , My tongue shall intreate of thy praises : Wee must not therein denye but that our liues must expresse the fruites of the same , as wee may see port . 5. vers . 1. Teach me , O Lord , the way of thy statutes , and I will keepe it vnto the end . And port . 1. vers . 8. whē the man of God hath promised to praise the Lord with an vpright heart , he addeth in the verse following , I will keepe thy statutes , &c. As also port . 19. 1. Heare me , O Lord , and I will keepe thy statutes : So that not onely in word , but in our liues must we endeuour to praise God. It followeth in the same verse , For all thy commaundements are righteous : that is , there is no one of thy commandements but it hath in it righteousnesse it selfe ; neither is there any righteousnesse , but it is altogether in thy law . This is an Hebraisme to call a thing righteousnesse when they wil expresse it to be righteous in the highest degree . Wee are here to learne , what yeeldeth matter of teaching others , and of praising God : Euen because whatsoeuer is good , it is in Gods law ; and whatsoeuer is in Gods law , it is absolutely good . Besides here the man of God teacheth vs , that the coldnes of teaching others , & giuing of thankes proceedeth from hence , euen because we want this thorough perswasion , that whatsoeuer is in the law of God , it is righteous , perfit and holy : and whatsoeuer is righteous , perfect and holy , is in it . Vers. 173. Let thine hand helpe me : for I haue chosen thy precepts . HEre we see the effect of the man of God his prayers , which hath this sense : As I haue prayed for vnderstanding , so that now I might see the issue of it , let me see , O Lord , thy fatherly and prouident care of me . As afterward he saith , Let me see , if thou host true iudgement for me . For as he praied to be directed by knowledge , so he also praieth for the effect of it , that he might therby see the merciful hād of God , assisting him in al his troubles . For I haue chosen thy precepts : that is , I know I am but a man , I haue many iniuries offered me , which may hale me this way and that way ; yet I preferre thy word before all these troubles . Wee must not thinke now , as the world doth iudge of Gods children , that hee chose these as a Mome , or of silly simplicitie : but his election was with iudgement , which proceeded from consulation , which cōsultation proceeded of reasons , vsed on both sides of his causes : so that he made his choyse aduisedly , considerately , and after long deliberating of the matter , he preferreth the word of God before all the pleasures of this life . It was not then a foolish precisenes of puritanisine , it was no childish simplicitie , as of a man who chose this because he knew no other things , but it was of wisedome . Wherefore the man of God here teacheth that it is not with Gods children as the world deemeth them , that is , that they be sillie soules , simple men , and Gods fooles , who knowe not what the world meaneth ; but as the world is of it selfe too wise , so it thinketh too hardly of Gods children : For it is not to be doubted , but that he had many temptations , and that he debating them by the wisedome of Gods spirit , chose the word of God. They are not ignorant , what it is , to haue worldly wealth , and pleasures , and earthly commodities , but comparing these with the wealth of the soule , the pleasures of the spirit and commodities of the world , they by iudgemēt and sufficient aduice , prefer the word of God. And herein is their blessed wisedome , that they seeing and weighing both in the ballance , being moued on one side by carnal reason , and sustained on the other side by spiritual wisdome , they refuse the worst , and chuse the best , contrary to the folly of the world , who also hath some sight of them both , and yet refuseth most cursedly the word , and chuseth most foolishly the pleasures of this life . For as the preferring of good things is the blessing of God in the godly ; so it is a fearefull iudgement in the vngodly , in preferring these transitorie pleasures , before eternall treasures . Againe , what is the cause of such halting betweene two professions , and of such mammerings in religion ? surely the want of choise , and a purpose not resolutely set in any part , in that whilest we will be betweene the flesh and the spirit , betweene the Church and the world , betweene God and the diuell , we know not which side to cleaue vnto . For if our choise were made , we must not seeke Gods glory , and our glory ; the honour of the Gospell and our owne commendation . For vndoubtedly , if God his children thus walke in a mammering , as though they would giue the Lord the halfe part of their profession , and part stakes with his glory , shall for their pleasure be sure to seeke paine , and seeking sport , they shall find smart : when they looke for profit , they shall haue losse ; when they sow for glory , they shall reape shame . This is the singular mercy of God in this world to his children , to punish them here , and to saue them from the great iudgement to come . And as the Lord vsed in mercy these meanes to his , to schoole them in their choise , so also when they are come to their choise , he also in wisedome will trie them . Again , with permitting the world to offer on the one side preferment , or if that serue not , on the other side imprisonments , he suffereth Sathan either to illude them with faire promises , or to terrifie them with fearefull threatnings : and giueth leaue to the flesh , to assault them with delights , or to oppresse them with calamities , that he may in truth proue their constancy , whether they haue so chosen , as they will not repent them , or whether their choise be as sure as free . For many if they might be basted with glory and estimation , and might maintain still their credit , & wallow in wealth , would not care greatly to serue God ; but without this resolute purpose , we shall surely find , that when trouble cōmeth we would shrinke away . Wherefore the Lord trieth his in the furnace of affliction , and in the floods of temptations he gageth them , to trie their hearts , to find their faith , to scoure them from the drosse of infidelitie , the drosse of securitie , the drosse of hypocrisie ; as the furnace is not only for the triall of gold , but after the trial had , to purge it throughly frō corruption . Indeed so long as we are led with the cord of our naturall corruptions , there is no conflict , the flesh rebelleth not against the spirit : but when our iudgements are heauenly , and our affections spirituall , fighting with carnall reason and earthly cogitations , then is the maine battell . When Sathan seeth a man giuen to the world , and as long as he is in a mammering , he striueth not with him , but when he seeth himselfe forsaken and defied , and that Christ Iesus a stronger than he hath made an entrance into the house , then he rageth , then he vseth his cunning , al his shifts , and summoneth a Parliament of seuen diuels more , who come all together to the casting out of Christ , to the discouraging of the man newly called , and to make a reentry into his old possession . Thus then we shal see , he is a roring lion , and that our fight is not only with worldly powers , but also with spirituall enemies in heauenly things . So long as we follow the guise & fashion of this world , and frame our selues to liue after it , we shall be at league with them , and they will be at peace with vs : if we follow heresies , heretikes will not speak ill of vs ; if we like idolatrie , idolaters will be acquainted with vs ; if we wil walke carefully our selues , and will not rebuke the sinnes of the world , or desire the dreames of heresies , happily we shall passe scot-free ; but when we hate the world , the world will hate vs , because though we be in the world , we are not of the world , Iohn . 15. If we proclaime warre with heresies , heretikes will condemne vs , if we taunt and rebuke the sinnes and cold profession of worldlings , they will soone put vs to silence . For it may be , they will be content , that we should be Momes , and doe well , and not rebuke them ; but when we pull at their sins by the eares , and lay violent hands on their cold profession , then we shall see the enmitie betweene the seed of the Serpent , and the seed of the Woman . Thus we see , so long as we will shake hands with the world , the flesh and the diuell , we shall be quiet enough ; but all our perils and dangers are in resisting them . For all must haue these troubles , that make their choise , but all make not this choise , & therefore are so quiet : all must suffer persecution , that will liue godly in Christ Iesus ; but so few suffer , because so few liue godly in Christ Iesus . We may now conclude , that all our conflicts are in new birth , not that we haue more troubles & temptatiōs in regeneration , than in old birth : but because we were so sowsed and brawned in them , that we saw them not so much , as we afterward do , being enlightned with Gods spirit . Why do the wicked then say of vs , Oh these are new Professours , ne● fangled , these men had need haue a new world ? surely because there is no argument with the worldlings and Gods children . But all these troubles are to make vs more zealous in our choise . True it is , the Lord dealeth fauourably with vs in the beginning , as a father dandleth his childrē , & as the Bridegroome vseth the children of the marriage , but we are growne and are past children in knowledge and profession : he thinketh it meete we should be purged as gold seuen times in the furnace , Psal. 12 He thinketh we must be pruned to bring forth fruit more aboundantly , Ioh. 15. If we dally then with our sinnes , as truly as God hath sworne our saluation , and it is most sure we shall be saued ; so hath he ordained meanes , for so many as shall be saued , as his word , Prayer , the Sacraments and discipline , which when they doe not preuaile with vs , yet hath he sanctified another meane , that is , affliction ; wherewith he wil rather humble vs , than we should leese our saluation , that when prayer cannot helpe vs , when the word doth not instruct vs , when the Sacraments doe not confirme vs , when discipline doth not awe vs , we should taste of this last remedie , his fatherly correction . Here we see , deliberation did put the reasons in the ballance , and election made the choise , and Gods children comparing and examining the loue of the world with the loue of God , though they be made of the same mould , that others are made of ; yet seeing the iudgement of God on both parts , they ponder the reasons of one side , and the reasons of another side , and after long deliberation they forsake that glory , riches and dignitie which the world doth offer , and taketh that which the Lord in mercy bestoweth on them . But the wicked goe indeed so far , as they see the good , but to their condemnation : for light comming into the world , they refused it ; and though with Balaam sometimes they desire to die the death of the children of God , yet they blot out these motions , & forsaking the word , they follow error ; farsaking God , they follow the diuell ; forsaking the Church , they cleaue to the world : so iust is their cōdēnation , for burying the light of God his spirit . Vers. 174. I haue longed for thy saluation O Lord , and thy law is my delight . THe man of God goeth on forward in shewing his vnfained affection to the word , and therefore here he sheweth , both how he longed for it , and also how in the meane time he slayeth himselfe . It might seeme a general speech , & of lesse importance which he vseth here : for who is so farre gone , and hath so small hope of recouerie , that cannot say , he longeth for his saluation ? for we reade that euen Balaam desired to be saued , and the most wicked in their life time will haue many wishes of their saluation . What notable thing then is there here in the man of God ? true it is , that the Lord wringeth out thus much often euen out of the mouth of the wicked , vnto whom he imparteth so much of his right and goodnes , that they see what they should do & desire , but yet in truth they do it not , in that their desire is so short and slender . When we see then that all their wishing and praying commeth to nothing , it is sure they are but hypocrites . Againe , they will say they long for saluation , but they will not vse the meanes thereunto : as if one should say he longed for bread , and pray daily , giue vs this day our daily bread ; and yet they will either walke in no calling , or else get it by fraude & rapine , not staying themselues at al on Gods prouidence , but they long rather for other things ioyned with Gods glory , than for God his will , howsoeuer in the meane season they make the help of God their pretence : so it is in the spirituall estate of the soule ; for although Idolaters , heretikes , and hypocrites say , that they long for their saluation : yet they long indeed for their profit , pleasure , glorie , and self-loue . For if they longed for that saluation which is of God , they would not so follow their owne dreames , reuelations , and superstitions , but vse those meanes of the word , which the Lord himselfe hath appointed . As for prophane Professours , they will indeed say as much as the other : but bring them to the word , to prayer , to the Sacraments , and to discipline , yee shall see they haue no sound longing , but are carried away with the desires of their owne flesh and blood . Wherfore we see how this longing of the man of God differeth from the longing of other men , as we may see by the sequels ; for my delight is in thy word . Where wee see , that as he longed after saluation , so hee delighted in the meanes thereunto . And here as we often shewed before , the lawe is taken for that generall thing of the whole word of God , and not for the particular thing of the morall lawe , which consisteth in bidding and forbidding , in promises to the obedient , and threatnings to the disobedient . And that the true longing is no newe thing in him , but appertaineth to all men , we may see in the first Psalme where he is said to be blessed , who seuereth himselfe from the wicked in thought , word and deed , both in religion & manners , and giueth himselfe to meditate continually in the word . Now if we will trie our selues , whether this true longing be in vs or no , we must see whether it be after that saluation which is to be ioyed , or whether it vanisheth away , and is nothing but a tormēt of the conscience . Besides , this is a sure note of it : if our desire be sound , it is not satisfied , vntill the thing longed for , be accomplished . As wee may see in naturall and humane things ; is in them that are sicke with loue , they are in continual perplexity of mind , vntil they haue obtained their loue , likewise must we long after the word . For lōging is a feruent desire , and not a thing quickly come , & quickly gone ; but a thing that hath bin searched by reason , and in iudgement hath bin chosen So that as we shewed before , there is a great difference betweene a lightning desire , & a setled iudgement which causeth vs in truth to long . In that he now maketh mention of his longing after his election , he sheweth that he had cast his accounts , & set down how he might be able to meet the mighty man , indenter battaile with him , as it is in the gospell . This longing cannot bee in the wicked : for when they long , it is for heresies or worldly pleasures , and right longing commeth from a right sight , iudgement and affection , which will bring in the carefull vsing of the meanes . For as it holdeth in false longing , so also in holy longings , that after long deba●ing , and examining of our selues , and casting our accounts , what will be the fruite of the good , and what will be the end of sinne , carefully wil vse the meanes . For as the desire vseth meanes ; so longing vseth meanes carefully . Let vs now examine our selues , where our feruency is : for ioy and hope , feare & sorrow shew a mās heart ; as whatsoeuer we ioy in , whiles we haue it ; that we sorrow for , when wee haue lost it . And let vs examine our longing , whether we can vse the word with delight or no ; whether praier be pleasant , whether the sacraments be cōfortable to vs or no , and whether the discipline of the Church be reuerend and precious to vs. If our desire be cold , our ●sing of the meanes is also cold : if we be feruent in desire , wee are also feruent in vsing of ●●e meanes . The Apostle speaking to the Romans , cap : 6. after the manner of men , saith he will not extort so much as he might doe , but hee will deale with them more easily ; and whereas he might require greater obedience , he saith : as ye haue giuen your members seruants vnto vncleannes , and iniquitie , to commit iniquitie ? so now giue your members seruants vnto righteousnes in holines . This is but an humane thing if we should see how wee haue longed after things naturall and vnnaturall : if we should see how wee haue longed inordinately , let vs ●ee if our longing be alike after the word , and let vs say to our owne soules , what was there such a longing in vs , after such things whereof wee are now ashamed before God in our prayer● ▪ and before men when they are but named , and haue we such slender longing after our saluation ? it is to be feared , our choise is not yet made , for if it were , wee should surely long m●●e , and longing we should more vse the meanes . Vers. 175. Let my soule liue , and it shall praise thee , and thy iudgements shall helpe mee . HEre ●●● man of God desireth life to none other end , but to praise GOD , in keeping of his word , as he said before , Port. 3. 1. Be beneficiall to thy seruant , that I may liue , & keepe thy Worde . In which place hee also desireth none other life , but that which is according to the word of God. For all other liues haue a vaine title of life , but this is true life : We see the man of God doth not onely feele with the Apostle , that in God wee mooue , liue , and haue our being : but also speaketh of a more excellent thing , to wit , that in him we liue spiritually . Againe , he looketh not in himselfe for any naturall life ; but acknowledgeth that man● life is of the word of God. Let vs therefore learne with Dauid to commit our liues to the Lord , Psalm . 31. 15. Into thine hands I commend my spirit , &c. He speaketh this in his life time , and committeth it to the Lord , that as he gaue it him ; so he would vouchsafe to keepe it being giuen . Now we shall neuer in truth say the like , vntill we perceiue how wee receiued our life of God , how he nourisheth it ▪ and how to him we must surrender it againe . Wherefore we are not to liue , as doe the bruite beasts , and the heathen : but we must liue to enioy our saluation , and couet our saluation to praise the Lord , because there is no other end of mans life , than Gods glorie . As for them which liue to any other end , Salomon iudgeth no better of the vntimely fruite than of them , who enioy many dayes in pleasure , and after goe to the darkenes . Besides we know how all other inferiour things were created to glorifie God in seruing man , and man was made to glorifie God by the true vse of the word . Let my soule liue . &c. This is the vsuall phrase of the Scripture , when they vse to set dow● a thing more pathetically , as Luke 1. My soule doth magnifie the Lord : my spirit praiseth Goe my Sauiour . And Psalm . 103. 1. and 104. 1. My soule praise thou the Lord. Psalm . 115. 17. The dead praise not the Lord , neither any that goe downe into the place of silence , and Psalm . 6. 5. In death there is no remembrance of thee , in the graue who shall praise thee : and Esay 38. 19. The pit cannot praise thee , the graue cannot confesse thee , death cannot praise thee , they that goe downe into the pit cannot praise thee : but the liuing , the liuing shall confesse thee , as I doe this day , &c. How grieuous a thing it is now , euery man may iudge , that a man should goe out of this world , or euer he knew wherefore he came into the world , and this is that which maketh vs so loth to die . This was it that made the Saints of God in former times so vnwilling to leaue this life , not that they wanted any hope of the life to come , or had not the ioy of a blessed resurrection ; but either they had some speciall sinnes heauily pressed their consciences , whereby they had dishonoured God ; or else they desired to liue in greater measure to glorifie God , either in entring into the way of repentance , or else growing in the same ▪ after they had entred ; because as yet they could not say in truth : I haue fought a good fight , I haue runne a good race , I haue kept thy faith , from henceforth a crowne of glorie is prepared for mee . For they knew that , whereof we are willingly ignorant , that we shall neuer vncessantly praise God in heauen , vnlesse wee carefully serue God in earth ; and we shall neuer praise God in the congregation of Angels , which praise not God in the congregation of his saints . Let vs remember then , that we liue not to eate , as doe bruite beastes ; we liue not to liue , as doe the heathen : we liue to liue well , as hauing all the creatures to serue to our vse we must liue to Gods glory , according to his will. It is requisite that Christians in this lie should be prepared to praise God in the life to come with Angels : for how shall wee c●ie holy , holy , holy , with Angels , vnlesse we learne to praise God with his Saints in this life ? Neither is there any thing more effectual to enforce this doctrine , thā to know how our life is giuen vs of God to his glorie , and that it shall returne to him againe . And as the children of God vse this world , as though they vsed it not ; but they vse prayer , the word and Sacraments most carefully : so the vngodly vse prayer , the word and sacraments , as though they vsed them not ; but they vse the world most carefully . Some can put on a good face , and run slily away with sinne : but when Gods children see the occasion of weldoing taken from them , oh how it woundeth them ▪ Oh how it grieueth them , that they haue dishonoured God , it pincheth thē so to the heart , that ●hey had rather die a thousand deaths , than so displease God. They then deceiue themsel●es , that thinke they can be saued , and vse their pleasures too : but God his children dar● not fully vse their libertie euen in lawfull things , least by little and little they should ab●se it . And here is to be noted the vehemencie of his delight , that hee contented not himselfe in the verse going before , to say : thy law is my delight , but thy law is my delight , and thy iudgements shall helpe me : that is , and to confirme my selfe herein , I will set before me thy iudgements , which are the reall records of thy truth : for as thy word is my delight ; so I will marke how thou doest ratifie the same , both by accomplishing thy promises , and executing thy ●hreatnings . And whereas other men make no conscience to obserue thy iudgements , yet ● will marke them , that I may goe on to the end . If we will liue then to the praise of God , ●e must see how he doth deale with men , considering as he hath a word written : so also he ●ath an hand working . The word teacheth that God gouerneth the world , and the obser●ing of this gouernment confirmeth the word ; indeede heathen men attribute things to ●hance , or to fortune , for want of knowledge of the word ▪ but seeing we haue Gods myste●ies in his word , we must obserue them in his workes . This obseruation consisteth in things alreadie past , and in things hereafter to come : in ●hings past , as if the Prophet had said : Whereas I see that flesh and blood would discou●age me , because my faith is weake , I consider thy workes of old , and I finde thy children ●ere neuer finally forsaken , and that their enemies in the end were ouerthrowne . Let vs earne in this strength first to looke into the word of God , and from thence to obserue the workes of God : let vs consider how he hath dealt with the ●●triarches , Prophets , Euangelists and Apostles , and all our forefathers that put their 〈◊〉 in him , and we shall see his ●ich mercie to the repentant , and his treasures of vengeanc●●n the impenitent . And as we looke into the iudgements of olde , so are we to thinke that 〈◊〉 will deale in time to come : for whatsoeuer is written of olde , is written for our learning , that we might receiue comfort in the accomplishing of the promises , and feare by the execution of the threatnings . This the Apostle sheweth , 1. Cor. 10 ; who after hee had feared them with the examples of Gods iudgements in the Iewes , in the 11. chap. Now all these things came vnto them for ●nsamples , and were written to admonish vs vpon whom the ends of the world are come . As if hee should say : For this cause these things remaine in record to his 〈◊〉 , to instruct vs , that if we cōmit these or like sinnes , we shall haue these or like punishment . Thus we haue them not as personall , but reall examples . The Apostles Peter and Iude gather the examples of Gods wrath on the Angels , on Sodome , on Gomorrah , on the old world , and on Iudas to threaten sinners , and to enforce their threatnings : for as God will neuer leaue his , so vpon the heape of sinne , he will bring the full heape of destruction vpon the wicked , whipping their naked bodies to the graue , and scourging their wret●c●●d soules vnto hell fire . Vers. 176. I haue gone astray like a lost sheepe : seeke thy seruant , for I doe not forget thy commaundements . HE compareth himselfe to a sheepe , which of all other is most simple , and standeth in most neede of a guide : so that here he confesseth his need of a guider : and this appeareth in that there is a cōtinual comparison of a sheepe , & shepheard in the Scriptures . Againe , though a sheepe goe astray , yet it is soone called backe by the voyce of the shepheard : My sheepe heare my voyce . Thus Dauid when hee went against Nabal , was called backe by the Lords voyce in a woman : and when hee had slaine Vriah , hee was brought againe by Nathan . And therefore if wee will be sheepe , then though we sometime me goe astray , yet we must be easily reclaimed . Seeke , &c. Before we be come to the Lord , we cannot desire to be fought , but he of his owne pleasure must looke vpon vs. Thus he prayed then after his calling , that he might not erre . Forgotten . A thing is said to be remembred , either which is wholy remembred , or else in part ; so that it may be easily brought to remembrance : and after this sort had not he forgotten the word , that is , not wholy : but yet in part he might , for wee haue the holy Ghost not only to teach vs new things , but also to bring to our remembrance things forgotten . FINIS . This verse 〈◊〉 . should haue come in after the verse 86. in the page 442. [ Vers. 87. They had almost consumed me vpon earth , yet did I not forsake th● statutes . HEre is another argumet o● Dauids faith , & constâcie , nothing could make him forsake Gods word . He was like a bladder bottle in the smoake , verse 83. Pits were digged for him in which he was neere fallen , hee was in a manner consumed vpon and from the earth , yet nothing can make him to forgoe his holde , abandon his generall , runne from his colours , and forsake that profession which he had made of Pietie . Thus the malice of the wicked will neuer haue an end , the state of Gods children is oftentimes desperate , and so long as the vngodly remaine vpon earth , the godly must thinke by them here to be troubled . In the world saith Christ yee should haue trouble , but in me peace , be of good comfort , I haue ouercome the world . Iohn : 16. There : 1. Saul , his courtiers , his generation , and alliance , yea and many of Iudah by his meanes : they , thine enemies , the Churches enemies , and the enemies to the common-wealth : they aduersaries to thy prouidence in annoynting me King , opposites to thy mercies in my manifold deliuerance , euen they . Had almost ) not altogether , for thou wast on my side , thou diddest confound their consultations , disanull their des●gnes , ouerthrowe their enterprises . Thus God bringeth to the graue and reuiueth againe , and though his seruants be readie to perish , yet will he send a gracious deliuerance . Consumed mee . ) Nothing but desolation will serue the wicked . Searing , wound . ●● hurting will not se●ue . But the memoriall of the iust must bee rooted out . Vpon earth . ) Perhaps he meanes his exile in the land of Iudah : yea , but God hath prouided heauen for his , there shall we be free from all confusion , though wee loose earth , yet shall we neuer loose heauen , we may loose an earthly Ierusalem , we shal not our heauenly . I did not forsake . ) Here is the true godly man indeed , hee will forsake house , and landes , father and mother , wife and children , friendes and fauours , before he wil forsake his God ▪ and that profession hee had made of Pietie and godlinesse , whereunto hee was directed ●● the word . Errata . PAge 395. l. 1. for he may fayle VI , read we may say , p : 412. l. 34. his truth , this truth ▪ p : 413. l. 2● . where , when . p : 414. l. 16. take for keepe , and l. 26. if hee , for if wee , 37. reade and righteousnes pa : 415. l. 43. with for without p : 416. l. 5. not the life , ●ot the least in the life of man. p : 442. the 87. verse is not expounded , but it is the same with many others in this Psal : expos . vers . 9● . 95. 445. l. 1. for Dauids . reade Adams , l. 13. for i●y , reade say ▪ p : 447. for I will neuer , reade thou hast quickned . l. 45. for ●●●ltation ▪ ●●ultation . p : 451. l. 45. for she must , ●e must . 452. set ●●●as before ●●ta . MEDITATIONS ON PROV . 4. VERS : 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. Take hold of Instruction , and leaue not , keepe her , for shee is thy life . THE matter which is contained in this verse , hath beene often repeated in the Chapters before , yet here againe it is necessarily repeated : for in these matters besides our great dulnesse and negligence , wee are so readie to deceiue our selues , and to thinke wee loue the Word when we doe not , and doe perswade our selues in our owne imaginations , that wee haue laide fast holde of Wisedome , when indeed we haue neither touched ▪ nor tasted it . Therefore that wee might beware of this , hee repeateth that which he had spoken before in most effectuall and significant speeches . For the word which is here translated , lay holde , doth signifie to lay hold with strength , as we see men that are in perill of drowning , they will lay hold so fast vpon a thing , that their hands may be sooner broken then loosed : all their power for the present time is in their hands , and they will most surely holde fast that they catch in their hands ; In like manner must wee lay holde vpon Wisedome with our heart , with such strength and power must we catch hold of it , that nothing whatsoeuer be able to separate vs from it . This is the first thing whereunto we are here exhorted . The second must necessarily be ioyned to this : which is , that we doe not leaue it for any thing , but keepe it as fast as we hold it . Both these exhortations are most necessarie , for wee are very slacke and slowe to lay holde , and when we haue laide hold , through carelesnes wee are ready to loose it : hereof it followeth , that we forget many godly lessons that wee haue learned . Hereof it is , that wee lose many worthy things , wherein wee haue bene greatly comforted , yea , hereof it commeth , that wee be many times ignorant of some principall points , of which wee haue bene often instructed . Therefore if we will for euer learne , that wee haue once learned , if wee will continually feele comfort , in that wherein we haue once bene comforted ? then let vs with all dilgence attend vnto these two things : First , that we lay fast hold vpon the word , and then that we keepe it fast and sure , when wee haue layd holde of it . This if wee would doe , then are wee to beware of two things , which heerein would greatly hurt vs : ●●st , we must beware of the vanitie of our minds , that we be not led away with it , from the Word vnto worldly lusts , and from vertue vnto vanitie . Secondly , wee must be very circumspect in matters of this world , for the ouer-bolde and vnwary dealing in them , is of great force and power to keepe vs from catching fast holde vpon Wisedome , and if wee haue already laide fast holde as wee thinke , yet if our mindes be bewitched with worldlie things ▪ the couetousnes of them will choake vp all care of the Word ; the desire of them will dispossesse Wisedome , and cast it out of our hearts . These two things , if wee be carefull to auoide , then shall our hearts be much more fit to receiue the Word , and to keepe it with care , when wee haue receiued it . The things whereunto wee are here exhorted , are giuen vs in charge , in the second commaundement of the Lawe , vnto which place this verse must be referred . Vers. 14. Enter not into the way of the wicked , and walke not in the way with them . 15. Auoyde it and goe not by it , turne from it and passe by . SAlomon hath hitherto exhorted vs to wisedome , now he dehorteth and calleth vs backe from all manner of euill , which might hinder our proceedings in wisedome , and first he aduiseth vs to auoid all euill examples : secondly he willeth vs to beware of our own way-wardnes and corruptions , and to flie from the euill examples of sinfull and wicked men . Hee dehorteth vs in sixe verses , that is , from the 14. to the 20. and his dehortation consisteth of a precept , and the reasons of the precept : the principall is expressed in the 14. and 15. vers : we must haue no fellowship or familiaritie with the wicked , and because it is hard to flie from them , and because their companie is daungerous , therefore Salomon vseth many words to set out the matter , shewing indeede , that we can neuer be too much or too often warned of them : for he saith , Enter not , walke not , withdraw thy selfe from it , passe not by it , decline from it . Much like vnto this Physicke , the Physitions prescribe for the plague : for they say , if a man will be preserued from the plague , hee must obserue these 3. things : first , that he quickly and with all speed flie from it : secondly , that he flie far away : thirdly , that it be long ere hee returne to the place againe . By this they meane , that if the ayre be once infected , there can bee no remedie deuised to preserue a man in that place : now the plague is more contagious then the wicked are , the plague doth no more infect the ayre , then the wicked do infect those places wherein they liue : and therefore Salomon doth very well to prescribe this remedy for the auoyding of the infection which might be gotten by euill companie . For what could preserue a man in Sodome , but only his lawfull calling : therefore vnles a man haue such a calling to keepe him there , he must flie quicklie from the wicked , he must flie farre from them , he must see them amend , before he returne vnto them . Dauid did very well see this , and therefore he doth in many places crie out against them . Away from me yee wicked . Woe is me , that I haue so long dwelt in Kedar . Dauid was not effeminate , he had not a womanish heart to crie without cause , he felt the smart of it , and therefore crieth so earnestly against them , he saw no good example , he saw no occasion of goodnes , he was much hindered in his obedience , hee had many pulbackes , and other great disprofits . By this then we see , how needfull a precept Salomon doth here giue vs ; but the necessitie of this shall more plainely appeare , if wee consider either the wickednes of their wicked practises , or the hurt which the godly haue receiued by them : for the will of the wicked is wholly bent to euill , they be euer willing and ready to hurt good people , when any occasion is offered , their skill is great , and their wisedome is answerable to their will. And therefore our Sauiour saith , The children of this world are wiser in their generation then the children of Light. This wisedome we may perceiue in them , whether they shew themselues deadly and open enemies , or friendly and counterfeited friends : for if they professe themselues to be our enemies , it is marueilous to see their practises . First , they will vse all extremitie and hard dealing , they will offer violence , and oppresse him ( if it bee possible ) with wrongfull iniuries : and what is their purpose in all this , but to prouoke him that is good , to requi●e euill for euill , and so fall from his GOD , or at the leastwise to stay and hinder him in the course of his godlines , that God may be displeased with him ▪ If this thing will not preuaile , they will worke another way , and labour by slaunders and false reports , in such wise to discredit him , that he may be vtterly discouraged , and caused to forsake his profession . And yet they will finde another way if this will not worke : they will deuise crafty fetches , and practise subtiltie against him , they will inuent pestiferous policies , and finde craftie counsels to ouerthrow him . These and many other wayes haue they to spit their spite , and spue out their venemous poyson against the people of God. If thus also they cannot haue that successe they looke for , if by this means they cannot obtaine their purpose , they will take a contrarie course to preuaile that way if it be possible : they will fame friendship and become our friends , they will flatter vs with faire words , and allure vs with their benefits , to communicate with them in their wickednes ; and to be companions with them in their sinnes : but when they deale most dangerously , when they marke and obserue our dispositions , and become appliable to our nature ( for this meanes will they also vse : ) so malicious are they indeed towards vs. If we be religious , they will shape some shewe of religion : if we praise anie , they will praise him ; if we mislike or dispraise anie , they will shewe their mislike of him . Thus in all things they will marke our mindes and our dispositions , and will so applie themselues vnto vs , that except God giue vs grace they will ouerthrowe vs. Seeing therefore they haue a readie will to hurt vs : seeing also they haue great skill to deuise most forcible and politike meanes against vs , what worthie account must we make of this precept , wherein Salomon teacheth vs how we may keepe our selues from receiuing any hinderance by them ? Againe , if we thinke vpon the hurt that the godly haue had by them , or if we consider how they haue bene infected through their corruption , wee shall confesse indeed that it is most dangerous to deale with them , and it is the best way to keep vs farre from them . Ioseph was a good man , and indued with great graces , he had receiued great increases & strength of Faith , and had strong temptations : yet being daily conuersant among the Egyptians , hee learned to sweare by the life of Pharaoh . Dauid was a man according to Gods owne heart , he suffred much , and learned great obedience by his sufferings : yet abiding but a while among the vncircumcised Philistims , he learned to lie , and to dissemble . What shall I say of Lot and his familie ? what danger was he in ? what losse did he sustaine ? what hurt had he in his goods , in his soule and bodie ? hee was carryed away with the wicked Sodomites captiue , his goods and Cattell were taken from him : and though through Gods goodnesse hee was rescued , yet he loued Sodome still , and would liue in it , yea , though fire and brimstone were ready to be powred vpon it , he must be dragged and drawne out of the Towne , or else hee would not easily haue left the place , albeit his soule was daily vexed with the filthinesse of their behauiour ; his wife looked backe when shee was deliuered , and therefore she was turned into a Pillar of salt : his daughters were so corrupted , that they were not ashamed to lye with their father , and Lot himselfe learned to drinke wine very liberally , whereby hee was brought into a filthy sinne . If a man were assured that hee should continue safe , notwithstanding all the temptations of the wicked : yet the care of his familie , and feare of their falling , should bee a cause sufficient to driue him from wicked companie . But if hee himselfe be touched with a conscience and a feeling of his owne infirmitie , what loue of profit , what hope of aduautage should keepe him there ? Lot therefore might plainely see the iudgement of God vpon him , and vpon his familie , because he would liue , and linger so long among those wicked Sodomites . Now if these men receiued such deepe and great woundes by wicked companie , then who is that man , or what is his name that can thinke to stand among them ? We therfore ought to be most circumspect and carefull to keep vs from the company of wicked men : for their heresies will make vs heretikes , their carelesnes will make vs vngodly and secure . This commandement of flying euill is very generall , and may bee extended to all the commandements , which we are brought to breake by reason of euill companie . Vers. 16. For they cannot sleepe except they haue done euill ; their sleepe departeth except they haue caused some to fall , &c. THe law and precept which was prouided for the auoyding of euill company , was most effectually set downe in the two former verses . The reasons of this commandement do follow in the foure next verses . These reasons are in nūber two . The first is drawn from the peruerse and crooked nature of the will and disposition of wicked men , in the 16. 17. and 19. verses . The second is drawne from the state of the godlie , and from their behauiour , vers . 18. The nature of the wicked is such , that they count wickednesse as pleasant as wine , and therefore they make vngodly practises their chiefest delight ; it is their meate and drinke to doe euill , they are best refreshed when they most offend : neither are they content with their owne wickednesse , but they doe moreouer cause other to fall into wickednesse . If they cannot come by their purpose ; if they haue not great occasion to worke that which they haue deuised ; if they haue not made some fitter for their vngodly friendship , then their sleep departeth from them , they cannot be at rest . For as the hungry man cannot sleepe quietly , because his appetite continually craueth meate : so the wicked taketh no rest nor sleepe , if he be not st●ffed , if hee haue not his b●l●ie full of wickednesse . How carefull ought we then to be to auoide euill companie ? how iarre must we flie from it , and how heartily should we hate it continually ? Here we may note the contrary , as a very speciall signe and marke of the true childe of God : for if we can make it our me●te and our drinke to doe good , as our Sauiour Christ saith , It is my m●●te ●o do the will of my Father : and as Iob saith , I esteemed it more then mine appointed ●oode . And againe , if wee can count it the great comfort of our harts , and solace of our soules , when we can do good ●o other● , and prouoke and s●irre them vp to goodnesse , this is an argument that wee haue receiued the spirit of GOD , as a pledge and a seale of our euerlasting saluation , and that wee are the children of God. Moreouer , if wee be gr●eued when we haue wrought no goodnesse , nor gotten good by others : if wee be as it were comfortles , when wee haue not taught others ●ome goodnes , or when wee haue not prouoked them vnto practise of some good , which they had before time learned : this may well warrant vs that we doe truely loue God , and that he loueth vs , and will bring vs vnto life . Thus farre for the first reason , which as it describeth vnto vs the nature of the wicked : so it must bee applied to the generall head of sinne , and the corruption of our nature . Vers. 18. The way of the Righteous shineth as the Light , that shineth more and more , vnto the perfect day . THe second reason why we should auoide the euill companie of the wicked , is , because of dutie we are bound to ioyne our selues to the godly , and to be companions of all them that feare the Lord. It is not enough to flie from the wicked , and to leaue their cōpany : but we must make hast to the assemblies of the godly , & linke our selues in friēdship with them : ●or of our selues wee can deuise euill , and by our selues wee can learne to worke wickednesse : wee can giue place to vngodly motions , wee can foster vp fleshly desires , yea , and through our corruptions , abundance of euill will flow ou● of vs. Albeit therefore we doe a●oyde the corruption wherewith wee might be infected by others , yet if we prouide not some helpe for our owne infirmities , by good companie , we may be as wicked when we are alone , as those which liue among the wicked : wee must then seeke the company of Gods people , and with them we must nourish peace and loue , by labouring to profit them by what good thing soeuer wee haue , and by receiuing and learning some goodnesse by them , for the sustaining of our infirmities , for the relieuing of our needes , and for the supplie of our manifold wants . Dauid did see how needfull this was : therefore Psal. 16. he doth not only say , that he will keepe himselfe from the corrupt worship of the wicked , because he hateth them : but hee will ioyne himselfe to Gods people , for the loue that he beareth them , saying : All my delight is in the Saints . And in another Psalme , saith hee : I ha●● them that hate thee O Lorde : whereunto that may bee well ioyned , that is , I am compa●ion to all them that loue thee , and loue thy name . But Lot did greatly faile in that point , when he would not returne to his vnckle Abraham , after he was deliuered out of Sodome : for if he had gon● vnto him , he might haue bin preserued from much woe peraduenture , which ●lter did befall him . But it was hard for him to confesse his fault vnto his vnckle , this was grieuous vnto him , and therefore he would not seeke for the companie of Abraham . And what came hereof but griefe vnto himselfe , shame vnto his familie , and continuall punishment vnto his posteritie ? This rule then must be diligently obserued , that we be alwayes as carefull and desirous to ioyne our selues with godly companie , as we be to auoyde the assemblies of the wicked . If this be so , as it ought to be indeede ; then how great and how grieuous is their sinne , and how fearefully doe they offend , which forsake the societie of the godlie , to dwell among the wicked , and doe leaue the companie of Gods people , to haue the familiaritie of wicked men ? It were good for such to consider what the Angell of the Lorde saide vnto Hagar , when she fled from Sarah her mistresse : Hagar , Sarahs maide , whence commest thou ? and whither wilt thou goe ? This talke might passe betweene them . Angell . Whence commest thou ? Hagar . From Abrahams house . Angell . Whither goest thou ? Hagar . Into Aegypt . Angell . Whence commest thou ? Hagar . From the people of God. Angell . Whither goest thou ? Hagar . To the vngod●●e Aegyptians . Angell . Whence commest thou ? Hagar . From the Church of God. Angell . Whither goest thou ? Hagar . To the Synagogue of Satan . Angell . Take heede to thy selfe and beware , commit not this great wickednesse , doe not this great sinne against the Lord , returne thy selfe vnto thy mistresse , humble thy selfe vnto her , and be obedient vnto her will. How pithie is this speech ? How effectuall and worthie to bee remembred , if we haue alreadie changed our places , or if wee goe about to change them ? Let vs remember the saying of the Angell , and let vs consider whether it may not likewise be saide vnto vs : whence commest thou ? out of the Church of God : whither goest thou ? to the assemblie of heretikes : where hast thou bene ? in the Church : where art thou , or whither wilt thou go ? to the world & the vanitie thereof . O fearefull exchange ▪ Refraine thy selfe betimes , returne thy foote with speede , come hastily to the Lord thy God , humble thy selfe vnder his hand , promise and performe all obedience vnto him , that thee may receiue thee to his fauour againe . Let vs thinke that the Lord doth speake vnto our consciences , and let vs answere him with a pure heart , and it will without doubt stay vs from many vnaduised and vnprofitable changes . If we do rightly and in truth consider of this , we shall be so farre from going to the wicked , that if we be among them , wee shall hastily separate our selues from them , that wee may resort to the children and people of God , which in this verse are called righteous . The righteous men whose companie wee must keepe , and to whom we must associate and ioyne our selues , are here described by two notes . The first note of a righteous man is this , that his life bee ordered and guided by the word of God , which shineth out before him as a light to his feete , and a lanterne to his paths . When a man therefore hath a desire and care to measure all things by the word , he walketh in the light , his light shineth , he hath an argument that shee is a righteous man. The second note of a righteous man is , that he still growes vp , and maketh daily good proceedings in godlines . But here may some man say : I feele not this encrease and going forward : nay I am so far from that , that I am somtimes driuen to commit sinne . To this I answere , that such a state is both doubtfull and daungerous : yet if in a good conscience thou labour to prouide for the peace of thy soule , then trie thy selfe and thine owne heart by these notes . First if the conscience of thy former carelesnesse doe make thee carefull : if the remembrance of thy former sinnes do cause thee more to hate and abhorre sinne , more to flie from it , and the more manfully to striue and fight against it ; and to be short , if thou ca●st make euery thing that befalleth thee , an occasion to help thee forward : then maiest thou thinke , that euen in these things thou makest some good proceedings ; for as wee knowe that the cloudes can neither lessen the light of the Sunne , nor let the course thereof , because at the last they are scattered by the heate of the Sunne which shineth out most comfortably : so we may be sure that although sometimes our righteousnes be couered with our infirmities ; yet if we ouercome them & driue them away , the course of our righteousnes is not hindred . And againe , as a man is not letted by a fall in his iourney , when hee learneth thereby to take better heede , and to haste faster forward : so wee by our falles and infirmities are not stayed , if they make vs more careful of our selues , and more earnest in going forward ; yet must we not say heere , it is a light matter to sinne , that thereby they may be made more carefull : for if a man haue once truely felt the griefe of heart for sinne , if hee know how hard it is to get victorie ouer it , if hee consider how much hee hath displeased God by sinne , if he consider the fearefull punishment which he hath procured to himselfe , and if hee be perswaded that none can raise him vp from sinne but God alone ; then hee will be most afraide to sinne , because hee knoweth not whether God will rayse him vp or no , and therefore if anie thinke that it is but a small matter to sinne , it is certaine , that they haue not as yet vnfainedly repented , they are not as yet washed from their sinnes . This first rule is good , and very fit to trie ourselues , when to our owne feeling we can perceiue no encrease of godlines within vs , which doth cause vs when wee see it , to esteeme more highly of the word , and to make greater account or it : for if our former negligence , or some sin through infirmitie , whereunto we haue slipped , doe make the word more sauorie & lightsome vnto vs , then it is certaine , that the Lord of his goodnesse , by this fall hath helped vs forward . Contrariwise , if our former carelesnesse do make vs more carelesse , if our slippes or sinnes doe make the word vnsauourie or vnseasonable vnto vs , we are in a most fearefull plight , we are in great danger to fall away : therefore let vs striue against these , & let vs labour to vse euery thing to helpe vs forward , let vs labour to finde sweetnes in the Word , and thus we shall haue comfort , euen in our infirmities ; then shall our light shine brighter euery day , vntill we come to our dying day now : the meanes which God hath appointed to preserue and increase this light in vs , is his holy Word ▪ by which as we receiued our light , so must wee labour to haue it continued : therefore i● wee will not ●au● our light quenched , wee must not despise prophecie ; if we will haue it to burne cl●●●e , then we must attend vnto hearing , reading , conferring , meditating , and other exercises of the Word , we must eschue euill , and the occasions of euill , then our light shall flame out continually . Vers. 19. The way of the wicked is darknesse , they knowe not wherein they shall fall . THe former verse is amplified by the contrarie estate & condition of the wicked , their way is as darknes , because they be destitute of the light of Gods word , and they know not wherein they shall fall : they sin & see it not ; they run vnto heresies , and knowe it not ; the iudgements of God hang ouer their heads , & they espie it not : therefore when they thinke least , they shall be brought into greatest danger ; trouble shal assaile them like an armed man , and their sorrow shall come vpon them like as vpon a woman that trauelleth with ●hild ▪ In this case are all those which are not inlightened by the word , this is the state of all those that make not the word their lanterne , continually to shine out before them . But the children of God are in a contrary case , they are directed by the word in all their doings , and in the light of the word they see light . They see the subtiltie of sinne , and therefore they shunne it , and they are taken with an horror as it were of all manner of heresies , they foresee Gods iudgements and preuent them , and so are they kept safe and preserued from euil . Thus farre haue we bene dehorted from vngodly company , both by precepts and reasons . The second part of this dehortation followeth from this place to the end of the Chapter . Vers. 20. My sonne , attend vnto my words , incline thine eare vnto my sayings . HEre followeth the dehortation , wherein we are forewarned of the corruption which ●s in our selues : yet before the Wiseman commeth to giue any speciall or particular precepts of this corruption , he doth after this maner deliuer some generall precepts for the vse of the word , whereby this corruptiō may be cured in vs. These general precepts are set forth in these 3. verses , wherin first there is generally required of vs great attendāce vnto the whole word of God in these words : Attend vnto my wordes . Secondly , wee are commaunded to heare the word . This precept bindeth vs to heare , whether the word be read or preached , or whether it be conferred of : for all these wayes we may get great profit by hearing the word . And because wee are not easily drawne vnto this hearing , therefore the precept is very effectually deliuered in these wordes . Incline thine eare . In which kinde of speech there is first noted , our naturall slothfulnesse and securitie , which of our selues haue no good desire or inclination to heare , vnlesse GOD by his spirit doe worke it in vs , and bore through our eares . Secondly , there is noted this ; that wee should heare though it be plaine for vs to doe , wee must striue and struggle with our selues , that wee may heare when the Lord doth neuer so little st●●● vs vp therevnto . Vers. 21. Let them not depart from thine eyes : but keepe them in the middest of thine heart . IN these words is a third charge giuen vnto vs , and that is this , that wee should make a profitable vse for our selues in the reading of the word , and in beholding of the creatures : for both these wayes we may winne great and good strength to ouercome our corruption , and both these exercises are in the word commended vnto vs. The fourth and last precept is contained in the latter end of the verse in these words : Keepe them in the middest of thine heart . In this precept is prescribed the manner of the vsing and doing of the former duties : for all of them must be done with the heart , wee must giue attendance to the word , not onely with the stilnes and quietnes of the outward members , but wee must also be attentiue with our hearts , we must heare the word read , preached , and conferred of , not with our outward eares alone , but also with our very hearts . Wee are not to rest in the simple reading of the word , or the bare beholding of the creatures : but wee must labour for a fourth thing , wee must looke that our hearts be present , when wee either reade the word , or behold the creatures . And yet there is a further thing to bee here obserued : for by this commandement we are charged to lay vp in our hearts all the profit which we learne by these meanes . It is not sufficient to vse them , it is not enough to feele some present vse and profit by them : but wee must lay vp in our hearts whatsoeuer gaine wee get , that wee may be stored and prepared for the time to come . This must be done by prayer and meditations ; for if wee pray feruently before , after , and in the vsing of these meanes : and if after we haue vsed them , we do diligently meditate vpon them , both that we may be confirmed in each dutie , and also that wee way applie them to our own particular & priuate vse : then vndoubtedly God will giue a blessing to his meanes rightly vsed , and will write the fruite of them in our hearts , yea the Lord will giue a further blessing vnto them ; life vnto vs , and health vnto our flesh , as it followeth in the 22. verse , which before hath beene expounded . These verses are very notable and worthie of all remembrance : for they commend vnto vs all the meanes whereby Gods word is made effectuall vnto vs , as hearing , reading , preaching , praying , conferring , meditating , and such like godly and heauenly exercises . In other places of the scripture , sometime one , sometime another is mentioned . But here all are expressely named , and this no doubt was done by the great wisedome of God the holy Ghost , which by this hath met with the corruption of our owne nature . For this corruption much preuaileth and beareth great sway in vs , that wee vsing some one meanes diligently , doe neglect all the rest . Some men doe so rest in their priuate reading , that they neglect hearing , praying , & other holesome meanes : some do so highly esteeme hearing , that they will neuer reade to confirme the thing that they haue heard , nor vse any other meanes . And so of the rest : for there are men of all sorts . But the holy Ghost commendeth all vnto vs , and chargeth vs with all , and that so straightly , that we cannot with hope looke for any blessing from God , vnlesse wee bee carefull and diligent in all . It is the dutie then of euery man to be seriously exercised and occupied in all thos exercises , that God may blesse al : or if not , that sometime one , sometime another , according to his good pleasure , may profit vs. These 9. verses , because they giue vs in charge to vse with diligence the hearing and other exercises of the word , must bee referred vnto the second commaundement . Vers. 23. Keepe thy heart with all diligence : for thereout proceede the actions of life . IN this verse hee doth call vs from all kinde of inward euill , which secretly lieth lurking in our heart , for as much as that in very deede is the wel-spring of all wickednesse , and because Salomon doth here note the heart , as that which is the cause of al sinful actions : so that although we should neuer see any man doe euill , and although wee should not at any time be tempted to doe euill by any : yet our owne hearts would corrupt vs , and cause vs to sin . We do hereby see that the doctrine both of the Papists and of the Familie of loue is most vntrue : for they do teach that a mā is not naturally inclined vnto euil , that his nature is not wholy corrupted with sinne : but that hee is corrupted and infected either by the allurement , or example and temptation of others . True it is , that the occasion of euill may be offered by some other man : but Salomon doth here teach vs , that the cause of our euill is in our selues , and for this cause he commaundeth vs aboue all things to bee watchfull ouer our hearts ; for from them doe proceede the actions of life or of death . Now the causes why wee are charged to keepe such straite watch ouer our hearts , are in number two . The first is , because the heart doth carrie with it euery way all our senses : so that as the Heathen said , It is not the eye that seeth , but the heart ; it is not the hand that toucheth , but the heart : and so the other senses . So from hence it commeth that there be oftentimes great sounds and much noyse : yet because our eares doe attend vpon our hearts , which are earnestly occupied about some other matter , wee heare not the sounds , we doe not listen vnto the noyse . From hence it commeth , that we see not goodly sights and shewes when they bee sometimes offered vnto our eyes , because our eyes are set vpon that thing , about thwich the heart is occupied . Yea from hence it commeth , that we sometimes stumble in the plaine ground , and our feete doe faile vs euen in ●●●● places , because our feete are carried with our heart , which is earnestly occupied on some other matter . Therefore although we ought to keepe with great care our eyes , our hand● , our eares , and other parts of our body : yet doth it most stand vs in hand to keepe all watch and ward ouer our hearts , seeing they rule all the rest . The second cause why we should watch ouer our hearts , is , because it maketh or marreth all our actions : for if our heart bee pure , then all our actions bee pure and accepted of through Christ , though some want bee in them : and contrariwise , if our hearts bee not sound , but corrupted and vnpure ; the things that in their owne nature and kinde are good , yet doe become euill & sinfull through vs. This may be perceiued in all the parts of our life : let vs then a little fee how our corruption deceiueth & defileth vs in many things . First this is without all controuersie , that is onely the corruption of our owne hearts , which causeth vs to be slacke in doing good , or to leaue it altogether vndone , or else to do that which is euill and odious in the sight of God. For albeit many causes may be pretended , which sometime may haue a shew of goodnesse : yet those causes are but corruptions , there is no goodnesse in them . Some men are kept back from doing good to their familie by catechizing them , because they would not haue all me●●● talke of them , and because they would not hazard the credit of their name . Some are 〈◊〉 backe from being zealous in godlinesse : because they might stil vse their libertie , in buying and bargaining , whereby they might prouide for their selues and families . And for euery thing they doe , they will haue a colourable excuse , they will doe nothing without a reason . But their excuses are but colours , their reasons are very rawe , not seasoned with the word . They are deceiued through the deceitfulnes of sinne , their corruption deceiueth them , they are beguiled because they make no triall of their hearts . The same thing commeth to passe euen in those things which in their kinde are good . To leaue sinne is a very good thing : yet if wee doe not herein take heede vnto our hearts , we may besore deceiued : for when wee be minded and doe purpose to leaue sinne , let vs consider the cause why wee purpose and goe about such a thing , and we shall often finde that it is not the conscience of sinne , but the feare of punishmēt , or the shame of the world , which moueth vs so to do . The adulterer doth many times abstaine from his filthie adulterie , not because that sinne is odious in the sight of God , but because it will bring him to open shame among men . The theefe without any hatred of theft doth sometimes keepe himselfe from the outward act , that hee may auoid hanging and the outward danger of the lawe . And that the shame of the world and feare of men doth more preuaile with many than the feare of God , it may appeare by this that they wil abstaine from such things whereunto there belongeth shame , or for which some grieuous punishment amongst men is appointed , as for theft , murther , adulterie , &c. yet they will passe by great sinnes for which there is no penall statute , as swearing , &c. For if there were any true conscience of sin in them , they would make a conscience of all sinnes : but especially of these sinnes which in Gods eyes are most abominable . Againe , we must not rest when we haue left any sinne , as though that were sufficient : but we must narrowly search into our hearts , to see what cause hath moued vs so to doe : for if we doe not with sorrow repent vs of our wickednes , and leaue it for the feare of God ; but forsake it , either because it will bee no longer profitable vnto vs , or because wee be sickly , or olde , or weake , and take no longer pleasure in it ; then our labour is but lost , our hearts haue deceiued vs. And many ( no doubt ) are thus deceiued ; yea , they shew that they be deceiued by this , that they can still speake of their sinnes without sorrowe , and laugh at others , which commit the same sinnes . Verily , if they had repented of their sinnes , the remembrance of them would haue bene grieuous vnto them ; yea , they would be very sorie when they saw others fall into the like sinne . But seeing they can laugh and make a sport at it when any man doth it , as they haue done , most sure and certaine it is , that their hearts haue deceiued them , they are yet in their sinnes , though they haue left them outwardly . Let vs proceede a little further , that we may see into the corruption of our hearts . We purpose to deale faithfully , we purpose to heare the word , to reade it . These things in themselues are very good : yet if wee be not carefull ouer our hearts , their corruption will pollute and defile them . For if we be moued hereunto ( not with any zeale of Gods glorie ) but with a care of our owne credit , not because in Truth wee would countenance the Gospell , but because wee would get some countenance by it , the thing good in it owne nature is made euill vnto vs and sinfull , because our hearts are not right in the thing . And how manie bee thus deceiued , may soone appeare by the small fruit , which most men doe get by the word . For when wee see manie very diligent in hearing of the word , yet profiting nothing , nor desiring to profite , it is vndoubtedly true , that those men are deceiued by their owne hearts , which are not right with God. If there were any conscience , if there were any heart or spirit in men , they would profit something , or at least they would be greatly grieued for their not profiting . Moreouer , when wee haue brought our purpose to practise and haue done any good thing indeed ; euen then I say , may wee be beguiled , if wee take not good heede . The corruption of our heart is readie to make vs proude of well-doing , whereas indeed we should be humbled : it is readie to make vs glorie in that , for which we should giue glorie to GOD ; it is readie to make that an occasion of slothfull carelesnesse , which should be as a spurre to make vs more carefull . Therefore when the thing is done , when the worke is wrought , and when all our purpose is brought to passe , wee must still be carefull ouer our hearts , wee must still haue an eye to them , that our corruption bee in no wise hurtfull to that good grace which God hath giuen vs. Thus whether wee purpose to leaue sinne , or wee leaue it indeede , yet we may be deceiued by our hearts , if they bee not right in doing of them . Therefore aboue all things we must take heede vnto our hearts : otherwise , we may doe many goodly & glorious things in the sight of men , yet our hearts wil one day accuse vs for them , our conscience will check and controll vs , and God , which is greater then our consciences , will vtterly condemne vs. Now contrariwise , when our heart is vpright with God , when it is sound and sincere , then will the Lord fauourably accept of our doings , and through his Sonne he will count them righteous . Thus if we with a pure heart doe leaue sinne , though the dregs therof remaine with vs : if with a good heart to Godward we labour after goodnes , though wee cannot doe the good which we would , this vprightnes of our hearts doth please God greatly , and he will surely pardon the other imperfections through Christ. True it is , that no man can say his heart is pure , if he compare it with the rule of Gods word , or with the iustice of God : and therefore , who so seeth not great corruptions in his heart , hee seeth nothing . Yet the children of God may say , that their hearts are pure by Christ , which by Faith purifieth them , and hath wrought the death of sinne in them , though some corruption remaine in their hearts . This doctrine hath two speciall vses ; First , to humble vs : secondly , to comfort vs. We haue good cause to bee hūbled , seeing that it teacheth vs , that the very cause of all our sins is in our selues , & cannot be laide vpon any other . It is our owne corruption which causeth vs to sinne , whilest it giueth place to the suggestions of Sathan , to the policies of peruerse men , and to the temptation of our owne flesh . If this corruption were not in vs , no temptation should preuaile against vs : if this corruption were not rooted in our hearts , we should ouercome euill through goodnes . Christ was free from all sinnes , and voide of all corruption , therfore sathan by tēptations could not preuaile against him ; no , sathan could not preuaile against our first father , vntil his hart through vnbeliefe was corrupted : but we through our corruption doe yeeld vnto our temptations , and therefore we are the cause of our owne sinnes . That saying therefore is altogether vnsauourie , which theeues and others haue often in their mouthes , when they say woe be to such a man or to such a woman , that euer I knew them ; for if I had neuer fallen into their companie , I had neuer come to this stay and wofull state . For albeit euill company might be a great occasion of their fall , and though such men and women did sinne greatly in tempting them to sinne , yet their owne corruption caused them to be ouercome by euill companie , and therfore the cause of their sinne resteth vpon themselues . Secondly , this doctrine doth greatly comfort vs , seeing ●t giueth assurance of victorie against all temptations ; if wee be renued in our inward man ; if our hart be purified by Faith , and if we labour against them by flying vnto Christ. And this shall seeme comfortable indeed , if we consider that euery man hath some corruption either more or lesse in his heart , according to the measure of his regeneration . And againe , if wee consider that the diuell as a deadly enemie , goeth about to ouerthrowe him , and to subuert his Faith by meanes of that corruption . These things if we thinke of , it wil be very comfortable to know , that we shall perseuer and continue , not able finally to be ouercome of any temptation : it will be very comfortable to know , that the diuell for all his furie , is like vnto that souldier which launced the impostume of his enemy , and preserued his life , when hee purposed nothingelse but to haue slaine him . Ioseph was regenerate , and when the temptations of his Mi●●risse came into his eare , hee did fight against them , fledde vnto Christ , and had a good issue of his temptations . Dauid contrariwise , though in part regenerate , and truely renued : yet when the like temptation was offered , he yeelded and was ouercome , because he looked not vnto his heart , distrusted not his owne weakenes , set not the Lorde for the time before his eyes , fled not vnto Christ , nor fought not couragiously himselfe against it : therefore in what measure we be regenerate , in what measure we vnto our regeneration doe adde the feare of God , for the purging of our hearts , and a distrust of our weakenes to driue vs vnto Christ , in that measure shall we withstand all temptations : and ●s we faile in all these , or in some one of these ; so doe we yeeld vnto temptations , and so are we buffe●ed by Sathan . If we be pure in heart and stand stedfast , the diuel , the world , wicked men , our owne corruptions and all may tempt vs , yet they shall not hurt vs. They may let vs see some corruption that is in vs , some sinne whereof wee haue not throughly repented of , or something that is not right within vs : yet if wee yeeld not vnto them , they shall doe vs good and not euill , they shall driue vs to CHRIST , before whom wee must lay open our wounds , that hee of his goodnesse may binde them vp . This doctrine then ( as wee see ) doth teach vs reuerent and Christian humilitie , withall , it doth ●●nister most worthie matter of singular comfort . Now that wee be not deceiu●d herein , it is requisite that wee make some triall of our hearts , whereby we may be truly humbled if we finde them corrupted : or we may be comforted , if through the blood of Christ wee doe feele our sinnes washed away . Our hearts are tryed two wayes , either by afflictions and temptations , or else by the motions and affections thereof For if there be any corruption in our hearts , it will appeare by one of these . Sure it is , that as a man doth shew himselfe in troubles and temptations , such a one he is indeed : if troubles doe not ouerturne him , if feare cause him not to fall away , if temptations cannot moue him to forsake the truth , or to deny his profession ; then verily he hath a good argument that his heart is vpright ; he hath great cause of comfort and reioycing . But contrariwise , if for feare his heart faint , if for troubles he turne away , if in temptation he forget his triall , and betray the truth ; his heart is not vpright with God , he is in the gall of bitternes , he ought in his heart to be greatly humbled . Before this time of triall come , hee may thinke well of himselfe , he may perswade his heart that there is great godlines in him : but if he examine not himselfe , if he do not streightly looke vnto his heart , his vertue will proue vanitie , and such godlinesse will worke his griefe . There be many men which now in this time of the Gospell , doe account themselues verie religious , and they will beare a countenance with the best , and will outwardly appeare very forward : but because they resting in their profession , doe not examine their heart , their hope faileth them , and they fall away . For when the state of the Common-wealth shall be changed , when religion shall be altered , when the truth shall be persecuted , when the Lord shall take from them the light of his word , and shall suffer Sathan to tempt them with heresie ; then their corruption will ouercome them , and cause them to beleeue lyes . Likewise men that haue beene brought vp by godly parents , and men that haue the companie of good men , may seeme to be sure setled in sound religion : but whilest they rest in these outward meanes , and labour not after some inward truth , their hearts doe deceiue them , and in time they shew themselues to be but hollow hearted hypocrites : for when the benefit of good companie is taken from them , and when they light vpon wicked companie , their former godlinesse is forgotten , they will frame themselues vnto that companie . Therefore if they be tempted vnto theft , they will proue theeues : if occasion of filthines or other vices be offered , they will take the occasion , and stay themselues with many sinnes . Thus doe temptations trie what is in the heart of man. Thus doe afflictions finde out the hypocrisie of the heart , so that he may well be counted a sound hearted man indeed , which is not ouerturned by temptations , and which falleth not away by the vehemencie of afflictions : for euen Gods children for want of examining their hearts , doe oftentime● take the foyle in temptations . Lot no doubt was no common drunkard , and yet the forcible temptations of his daughters caused him twice to commit that sin : his daughters were no common harlots , for then they might haue had great pleasure in Sedome . But the diuell deceiued them with a shew of godlinesse , and brought them to that filthie sinne of incest : for when they saw there was none to continue their fathers name vpon earth , they thought it good to lye with their father , that so his name and seede might be continued . Very needfull it is therefore to examine our hearts , and often to take a triall of them , least the couertnes of our corruption deceiue vs , and make vs hypocrites : and this we must be carefull to doe , before afflictions and temptations doe come , that when they come we may glorifie God by keeping our standing . The second rule to examine our hearts is , to take heed vnto our ioy and our griefe , our hope and our feare : for whatsoeuer our hearts are most set vpon , we will be most glad when we haue gotten it , we will be most fearefull of loosing it , and most greatly grieued when we haue lost it . By this rule we may see how our hearts stand affected in any thing we goe about , or in any time wherein we liue . As for example , in seeking riches , honour , promotion , or glorie , if we are most comforted when we haue great hope to obtaine them , if we be most cheerefull when we haue gotten them ; if we be most afraide least we loose them , and if wee could bee contented to forgoe any thing , rather than them , verily our hearts are most set vpon riches , vpon glorie , vpon honour , dignitie , and promotion . Againe , if ●e be most destrous of our saluation ; if we can most heartily reioyce , when we haue gotten assurance of it ; if we be sore afraid of all those things which might put vs in danger of loosing it , if no greater griefe can be fall vs , than when we feele not the comfort of it , a most certaine argument we may hereby gather , that our hearts do stand very rightly affected to our saluation : contrariwise , haue we no desire to seeke after it ? haue we but small loue of the meanes wherby we may attaine vnto it ? then surely we are more carnall then spirituall ; vea , it may be well doubted that wee are altogether earthly , we seeke not the things that are aboue . The like may be seene in all other things : Art thou glad and cheerefull when thou receiuest some profite , and heauie hearted when thou shouldest be thankefull ? Art thou sorie when thou receiuest anie losse , and without all sorrowe when thou hast sinned ? Art thou angrie when thou art wronged , and not at all displeased when thou hast done open iniurie to the High GOD ? Where is thy heart ? where is thy vprightnesse ? it is gone , wickednesse hath bewitched thee , and thy owne corruption hath made thee carelesse . In heaping vp thy riches , thou saiest thou art not couetous , because thou giuest to euerie one his owne , and takest nothing but that the Lawe will giue thee . But all this thou mayest doe , and yet be couetous : if then thou wouldest know they heart thou mayest hereby trie it . If thou be euer musing how thou maiest get thy goods : if it , cheere vp thy heart , when thou doest increase them , then thou art couetous , though thou see it not , thy minde is on thy mony , thogh thou perceiue it not . Let vs see in this one particular point : thou hast much corne to sell , dearth of corne would be commodious vnto thee , and yet hurtfull vnto thy poore brother , and to the whole land : Now if thou wouldest wish dearth for thy owne profites sake , though it would be a hinderance to the whole Church ; if thou reioyce more in thine owne gaine , then thou canst be sorrowfull for thy brothers harme ; if thy gaine do make thee through pride , to aduance thy selfe aboue thy brother , then doubtles , thy heart is sore infected with corrupted couetousnes . Contrarywise , if it be cheape , and thou canst bee more glad for the profite of manie , then thou art grieued for thy owne losse , or if it bee deare , yet thou canst wish from thine heart , that it were cheape ; then thou mayest safely say , that couetousnes preuaileth not against thee , it ruleth not in thy heart , yea , by this thou maiest see , that thine hart is rightly affected , both to God and to thy brethren . To conclude this poynt , wouldest thou know in what truth of heart thou doest labour for the glory of thy God ? Come hither , examine thy hart with all reuerence by this rule , and thou shalt know it . The glorie of God especially shineth in the prosperous and flourishing estate of his Church , and his glory is then trampled vnder foote , when his Church is oppressed . Thou seest the Church in our land hath great quietnesse : this thou reioycest at , yea thou canst hartily pray for thy Prince , that peace may be continued in this Church . This is wel , and more than many do : but this is not enough , thy heart in this may deceiue thee , because thou maiest be moued to do this for thine owne ease , without any care of Gods glorie : examine thy selfe therefore a little further , and call vnto thy consideration the Churches beyond the Seas : thou dost heare that they be in continuall trouble , they be persecuted , and on euery side inuaded : Their Priests are slaine , with the sword , their Princes are pitteously abused , their people are ledde into captiuitie : so that there are nothing but complainings in their streets . Here maiest thou trie thy selfe , if there be any trueth in thee . For if so be thou be so full of thine owne prosperitie , that sorrow cannot enter into thy soule for thy poore & afflicted brethrens sake : nay , if thou canst not be more sorrowfull in their sorrow , than thou canst reioyce in thine owne ioy , thou hast cause to feare , thy heart is not sincere toward the glorie of God. In like manner , thou thy selfe art in miserie , tossed with afflictions , and troubled on euery side : yet thou hearest that rest is giuen to the Churches , thou hearest that God hath blessed them with the blessing of peace . Oh now if thou couldest reioyce in the ioy of Gods people , though thou wert in sorrow ; if thou couldest glory with Gods inheritance , though thou sufferedst some outward shame , if thou thoughtest thy self happy in the felicitie of Gods chosen , althogh of all men thou mightst seem most miserable ; then would thy conscience no doubt speak comfortably vnto thee , it would tel thee thou didst truely esteeme of the glorie of God. Now if thou thinkest that herein too much is required of thee , then looke vnto Gods children in former ages : Paul was sore afflicted , much troubled , and often imprisoned ; yet all this did nothing grieue him , so lōg as the Gospell had good successe , and the Churches flourished . Therfore in his Epistles he saith often : I was comforted when I heard of your faith : I liue if you stand fast , and such like speeches , whereby he did euidently declare that he sought the glorie of God , and not his owne praise . Daniel contrariwise was in greart credite , honour , and estimation , he was preferred aboue all the Princes of Persia , and was second vnto the King ; but how did he esteeme of this honour ? what account made he of his authoritie ? Surely very little , for when he saw that the appointed time of the ende of their captiuitie was not come , when he saw the worship of God decayed and worne almost cleane out of minde , when he saw the oppression of Gods people by the wicked heathen , his heart was heauie , and his soule did melt for griefe ; yea , though he had libertie to worship God , though he were free from all oppression , yet did he humble his soule with fasting , and was in heauinesse three weekes of dayes , because Gods Church was not farther inlarged , because the Temple lay vnbuilded , and because his brethren the Iewes had no opportunity to cleaue vnto Gods worship . This was the practise of godly men in aunciēt times . This also must be our practise , if our hearts be pure : thus farre for the triall of our hearts by feare , ioy , hope , and griefe , in all things which we take in hand . Now followeth the second part of this triall , by applying it vnto times , as vnto prosperitie and aduersitie . If we looke not warily vnto that time wherein we liue , we , through the great corruption of our hearts may be dangerously deceiued . For prosperitie will moue vs to praise God , and trouble will make vs tremble at the thinking of him , and none almost is so desperate and voyd of all knowledge , which will not doe so : the wife of Iob will praise and blesse God , in aboundance and prosperitie ▪ and she no doubt hath many companions . Pharaoh will be humbled when the hand of God is vpon him : Saul will be godly when God doth afflict him : and will not many doe as Saul did ? are not many like vnto Pharaoh ? Therefore if thou wilt haue thy heart pure , looke vnto thy profession in prosperitie , and diligently trie thine heart when thou art in trouble . For thou maist seeme to feare God when his hand is vpon thee , thou maist seeme to loue God when he doth enrich thee , and yet thou maist proue an hypocrite at the last . Take heed therefore vnto thy heart , and trie it thus , when thou aboundest in all things , thou louest God. This is well if it be in trueth . Doest thou also feare him ? Art thou afraid to displease him ? Art thou afraid to sinne against him ? Doest thou of very conscience abstaine from secret sinne against him , though no law can punish thee ? Art thou afraid to do wrong to any man , then when he cannot reuenge himselfe vpon thee ? This if thou canst do , thy loue is true , thy prosperitie hath not deceiued thee : but if thy prosperitie puffe thee vp , if it breede in thee a carelesnesse of sinne , if by thy might thou wilt oppresse him , although he be poore , & cannot withstand thee ; then if thou hadst the loue of men and Angels , it were but hypocrisie , though thou seemedst to be nothing but loue , yet thy heart is bewitched , thy prosperitie hath drawne thee from God , thy wealth hath deceiued thee . O looke vnto Iob , and consider his life , and thou shalt see , that when he flourished like the greene bay tree , yet if he had sinned , he durst not goe out of the doores , and if the most contemptible of his family had ought against him , he would haue taken the reproofe : if then thou abstaine from open sinne , and yet make no conscience of secret corruption , if thou abstaine from those things , for which punishment is appointed , and yet not from those , which indeed are greater , though by law they be not punishable , thou doest not loue God , because thou fearest not to offend him , he will count thee an hypocrite , although thou be called a Christian. The way to remedie this thy corruption , is to labour in thy trouble , that thou loue God , and to striue in thy prosperitie , that thou maist feare God , and then thy heart shall be vpright , neither thy prosperitie nor thine aduersitie shall draw thee from God. But what speech can be sufficient to paint out the corruption of the heart , which vnto man is vnsearchable , and aboue all things most deceitfull ? One Sermon is too too little , if the exercises of weeks and moneths might be spent in one thing : this amongst many , would minister sufficient matter in this exhortation . Take heede vnto your hearts , for from thence proceede the actions of life . FINIS . MEDITATIONS ON PROV . 14. VERS : 5. 6. 7. 8. Vers. 5. A true witnesse will not lie : but a false witnesse speaketh lies . THE righteous man knowing that his tongue was giuen to him speak the truth , wil make conscience of a lie euen in the least things . But if the matter be of more weight , or if it come into the place of iudgement , then hee will much more heartily abhorre all lying and deceitfulnes : yea , then he will not bee brought to speake any thing whereof hee hath not a certaine ground . As for the vngodly , it is not so with them : for they hauing no care of trueth in light and common matters ▪ doe soone cast off all care & conscience euen in greatest and most waightie causes . This agreeth with the saying of our Sauiour Christ , Luke 16. 10. He that is faithfull in the least , he is faithfull also in much . Which may be thus particularly applied : he that for conscience sake doth speake the truth in common and small matters , he will also speake the truth in matters of great importance : and he that is not ashamed of a lie in his priuate dealing , hee will also without shame beare false witnesse before the Iudge . Here then wee be taught in the least things , to inure our tongues to speake the Trueth : So shall wee be better preserued from false witnesse bearing : for the Lord would not haue vs to dallie with sinne . Therefore in his righteous iudgement , he doth leaue men that make no conscience of a lie , and suffereth them to fall , and to offend in some open and knowne trueth . Againe , whereas men take great libertie in lying , if the matter be secret and vnknowne ; the Lord doth hate this hollownes and hypocrisie of men , and doth often bring it to light , that by the sorrow for , and shame of that sinne , ( if it be possible ) they may be caused to make greater conscience of a lie for euer after . Therefore if we would not haue the Lord to punish our lesser frailties with greater sinnes : if we would not haue him to punish our secret sinnes and faults , with open and notorious offences , then let vs bee afraide to tell a lye in the very lightest and most secret causes . But if this will not at all moue vs , yet let vs bee ouercome with the consideration of those fruites which will come of true speaking , specially let vs consider of these two . First , the loue of the Trueth doth breede and beget in vs a great and singular comfort , when wee see that herein wee resemble our heauenly Father , who is the God and author of Trueth . Secondly , the loue of the trueth is a speciall helpe to reuoke vs from sinne . For as the lyer can so cloake his sinne , and set such a colour vpon it that no man can accuse him ; no admonition or rebuke can take hold vpon him , no threatning feare him : So the sillie soule that in simple truth doth confesse his sinne , is open vnto rebukes and holy censures , his heart lieth naked before the word , which doubtles will worke effectually to reclaime him from sinne . The second thing which we must learne out of these words is this : that albeit we must speake the trueth at all times , and in all places : yet must we be especially carefull so to doe when we be called as witnesses before the iudgement seate . For the whole state and order of iudgement doth depend vpon the witnesse : so that the Questmen , the Iudge , and all , doe proceed either falsly or truly , according as the testimonie of the witnesse is either false or true . Last of all , we learne that good care must be vsed in chusing of witnesses : so that we may not take periured persons , or common liers , no not such as doe often lie , though it be but in light matters : but if there be any one man that of conscience speaketh truth in all things , he is worthie and fit to be a witnesse . This condemneth the practise of the receiuing all indifferently to be witnesses in court , and specially such as be knowne to be common liers . Thus much for this verse . Vers. 6. The skorner seeketh wisedome , and findeth it not : but knowledge is eas● for him that will vnderstand . BY the skorner is here meant the proud & contemptuous man , who in the pride of his wit will compasse any thing , neglecting , yea contemning those holy meanes which God hath ordained . This proude and contemptuous skorner shall not finde knowledge . By knowledge we may vnderstand , not the knowledge of the letter floting in the braine , and flowing euen at the tongues end ( which indeed is not worthie the name of knowledge : ) but the true vnderstanding of the word taught by the spirit , which entreth into the heart , and worketh on the affections , frameth to obedience , and assureth of euerlasting life . This indeed is healthfull knowledge , which the skorners though they seeke , shall neuer obtaine . And hereunto doth our Sauiour Christ giue witnesse when he saith : Many shall seeke to enter in , and can●ot . Now if we would see the cause hereof , it is this , they doe refuse the right and direct meanes whereby to come to knowledge , or else vse the meanes with corrupted hearts . For if they seeke and search in the prophane writings of Heathen men , or in the corrupted writings of hellish heretikes , no marueile if they neuer finde this knowledge . For how can they finde trueth in falsehood ? How can they finde the true knowledge of God in the fained deuises and inuentions of men ? Againe , though they cast off all these , and come to the holy word of God : yet if their hearts be not sound and right ; if they seeke profit , preferment , and vaine pleasure , doubtlesse they shall neuer attaine to this holy knowledge . For sure if the heart be corrupted when they come to studie vpon the word , they shall be made worse and not better by it . The experience of this doe we see in many , who seeking and searching after knowledge , either to get liuings , or to gaine credit , or to some such like euill and corrupt end ; they haue beene disappoynted of their hope , and haue failed of that which they sought after . By the example of others then let vs beware and learne to seeke after the knowledge of God and of godlinesse in the written word of God , which onely is able to make vs godly . Againe , aboue all things let vs take heede vnto our hearts , that they be vpright and sound in seeking for it . Now for the triall hereof , let vs examine whether we seeke knowledge , that we might be better able to glorifie God , and to profit our brethren : let vs examine whether we seeke Christ for Christ : whether in Christ we seeke nothing but Christ : and this if we can truely see and feele euen in the truth of our hearts , then our ▪ heart is vpright , then haue we before vs a right end , then doe we rightly seeke God , and he whom he hath sent Iesus Christ , euen to the saluation of our soules . True it is , that the Lord may and doth often bestow liuings , riches , and such other outward helpes and benefites on his children : but they doe not chiefly seeke these . They take these as an handfull , yea as an ouerplus of his fauour : but their hearts are not set vpon them . Their loue is set vpon God and vpon his glorie , & that they especially labour for , that they doe toyle and trauell about , and that is the ende of all their labours , in what measure they obtaine that , in that measure they be quiet , though they want other things : but in what measure they doe not finde that , in that measure are they grieued , though they abound in outward things . Whē a man is of this mind , when he hath this heart , when he hath this good will to learne ; then among many other blessings he shall be sure to finde that which followeth in this verse : Knowledge shall be easie to him that will vnderstand . There be two things whereat many men are much offended , and whereby they are driuen from that due care which they ought to haue of the word . The first is because they see that great and wealthie men of this world little esteeme it , and make light account of it . But men should know that the affections of such are for the most part weaned from the word ; their loue is set vpon their profit , vpon their pleasure , and vpon such other things below . Now the minde and heart being forestalled , yea and surcharged with the liking of these things , they cannot with desire receiue the word into their soules : and seeing that they haue little liking of it , and lesse will and desire to learne it , no maru●ile though it be as vnsauourie salt vnto them . The second thing which feareth and offendeth many , is the hardnes of the word . Oh ( say they ) we would gladly learne indeed , but the word is so obscure and hard , that indeed it cannot be learned . See the shamelesse vngratiousnesse of some men , who to cleere themselues , will lay a fault vpon the holy and pure word of God. But know this O man that the word is hard , because thy heart is hard through sinne . Couetousnesse , anger , vncleannes , securitie , and such like sinnes , haue so beaten and trampled vpon thy heart , that it is euen hardened through the deceitfulnesse of sinne : but repent thee of thy former sinne , and put away the euill of thy workes , and then come to the word with a holy heart , and then thou shalt see and feele thy vnderstanding inlightened , thy iudgement reformed , and all the words of wisedome plaine and easie vnto thee . All this is confirmed vnto vs by plaine and daily experience : for when a man hath been buffeted with some sinne ; when he hath yeelded too much to pride , worldlinesse , anger , and such like ; when he hath fallen into some misliking of the word , or of the preacher , then in hearing he heareth not , and the word is a sealed booke vnto him . Contrariwise , when men doe most mislike themselues for their sinnes , when they be most grieued for their dulnes , when they thinke themselues most vnapt and most vnworthie of knowledge , and yet desire to finde comfort in the word , wish to be inlightened and led into the true knowledge of it : then doth the Lord very often giue them the deepest insight into his heauenly mysteries ; then doth he worke in them a most comfortable feeling , & then doth he also put and stirre vp most heauenly and holy motions in their minds . By all this must we learne many things : first when we heare the word without fruite , then we must returne into our selues , and know that our sinnes are the cause of blockish dulnesse which is come vpon vs. Anger hath troubled our affections , and pleasure hath stollen away our hearts : profit hath corrupted our iudgements : therefore our iudgements doe not yeeld vnto the word , it cannot enter into our hearts , neither can it worke vpon our affections . We are then in this case to bewaile our sinnes , to labour for repentance , to pray for the spirit of sanctification , whereby these sinnes may be consumed , and then returne vnto the word with prayer , and the Lord wil blesse our vnderstanding . Againe , when we see our iudgements reformed , and our hearts touched , so that the word worketh vpon our affections , then we must know that the good worke of God hath gone before : his mercy hath disburdened vs of the heauie burthen of sin , his goodnesse hath emptied our hearts of vnprofitable thoughts , and his good spirit hath wrought all in all in vs. Then to shut vp this verse let vs know , that as sinne doth hinder and holde the word out of our hearts : so doth the loue of the word as it were open the doore of our hearts , and make a broad and large passage for the word to enter into vs , and to worke that good worke for which it was sent . It followeth in the next verse . Vers. 7. Depart from a foole when thou perceiuest not in him the lips of knowledge . GOD hath ordained that men should liue together , that one might bee helpfull to another . But there is a neerer bond of friendship , when one entreth into league with another , or when one maketh choice of another , for some neerer bond of friendship , affinitie , or such like . And because this bond cannot stand , but where there is a great likenes of conditions and qualities , and it is commonly seene that the partie better affected is sooner chaunged : therefore in this place we be admonished to beware , least at any time we ioyne our selues to those that are foolish and vngodly . Not that it is altogether vnlawfull to haue any dealing with them : but that wee may not come too neere vnto them . For to eate and drinke with them , to dwell in the same towne by them , and such other common duties , be not vnlawfull . But to ioyne in marriage with them , to make them priuie to to our counsels , or to vse them as more neere and speciall friends , this is vnlawful , and this is here forbidden . For little or no good at all can bee gotten by them , they will hardly or not at all be brought to goodnesse , and such is their subtiltie , that one of them is able to peruert the faith , or at least to corrupt the manners of very many . Good cause therefore there is why we should depart and get our selues from them : on the contrary side wee bee taught to seeke out good company , and to ioyne our selues to them as neerly as may bee , yet with this full purpose of heart , that wee may receiue fruite and profit by them . Nature doth call vpon vs to doe this ; the communion of Saints requires it at our hands , our own profit should compel vs , the examples of euery mā in each calling may moue vs therunto . For men doe desire to be in companie of their betters : the scholler would be in companie of him that is better learned : the worshipful man desireth the companie of the noble man , and the honorable delighteth much in the fauour of the Prince . Yea in the basest occupations and handicrafts , men doe still desire to bee in the company of them that are most skilfull . And all this is to obtaine the knowledge of earthly things , and the fauour of them that can helpe them ; how much more then should we desire the companie one of another , that we might be helpfull one to another in heauenly things ? Nay , how intirely should wee be ioyned one to another , and receiue good one by another in all kinde of goodnesse ? And yet must this bee done in great discretion : for the best men haue their faults . Therefore wee must be most carefull , as to receiue what good we can by any , so to receiue hurt or hinderance by none at all It followeth . Vers. 8. The wisedome of the prudent is to vnderstand his way : but the foolishnesse of fooles is deceit . THat is true wisedome indeede , which beginning at knowledge doth goe forward vnto practise , and beginning at faith doth further proceede vnto the fruites of faith . For vnlesse there be profitable vse of knowledge , both in our generall and particular callings , it hath neither the sense nor the sauour of heauenly wisedome . Then we be here admonished to labour that our knowledge may growe vnto faith , and that we builde a godly life vpon faith . And that we may thus do , we must especially trauell that our hearts may stand in awe of Gods word , and that we may haue a charitable and louing heart vnto men . This if we can obtaine , then shall wee in feare and loue doe the good duties which may glorifie God , profit men , and haue sure arguments that we haue true wisedome . But the foolishnes of fooles is deceit . That is , they doe either take a wrong course of life , or else if they take a right course , yet their hearts are not aright : and therefore they deceiue both themselues and others . All this commeth to passe , because with conscience they do not apply euery general point of doctrine to their particular estate , and labour not to make practise of it . We giue titles vnto men , & count them wise and politike men that can foresee and preuent worldly displeasure . But the holy Ghost hath giuen sentence vpon such , that if they labour not to liue godly , they be but fooles : yea & the more knowledge they haue , so much the greater fooles they be , if they doe not for conscience sake practise the same . We see then what we must doe if we will not be counted fooles . Now all of vs , be we neuer so simple witted , would be loath to be counted fooles , and indeede the name is most reprochfull , and will grieue a man at the very heart . Therefore our Sauiour Christ doth recite it among those words that kill and murther , saying : Whosoeuer saith vnto his brother thou foole , shall be guiltie of hell fire . But howsoeuer grieuous it is , yet in truth we are such , if hauing knowledge we doe not bring it into practise . This then must be forcible to make vs to ioyne a godly life with good knowledge , and good workes with a liuely faith , if before the Lord wee will not be accounted fooles . Vers. 9. A foole maketh a mocke of sinne : but among the righteous there is fauour . THe heart of man is fraught and filled with much grosse and filthie corruption : but none is worse than that which is here spoken of , that a man should make a light matter of sin . It is strange and very monstrous that it should be so , and yet by this place we see it doth often so fall out . Yea in another place the holy Ghost doth testifie , ( and we know that his testimonie is true ) that the foole doth make euen a sport and a pastime of sinne . Our own dayes will confirme the same . For come vnto an adulterer , to a false witnesse bearer , and to such grosse sinners , tell them that God is angrie with them , that he will be auenged on them , as he hath been vpon others for such sinnes , and what I pray you , wil they do ? Surely he that is filthie will be more filthie , and the false witnesse will mocke at iudgement . And what is this but to make a mocke and a ●est at sin ? ●ay , what is it but to make a God of sin , and to serue it in steade of God ? and how do they grow vnto this height and excesse of sin ? Surely one chiefe cause is , because they be not plagued like other men , because the mercy of God doth hedge them in on euery side , and because they passe their time in prosperity and pleasure . O what a monstrous thing is this that a man should bee made worse by the goodnes of God ? how miserable is that man that will make the mercie of God an occasion of his owne miserie ? & how vnthankful is he , that the more benefits the Lord doth bestow vpon him , the more he will heape sin vpon sinne ? nay how worthily is hee destroyed that will abuse the vnspeakable louing kindnes of the Lord to his owne destruction ? And that there should be such , the Apostle Peter foretold vs , In the latter times ( saith hee ) shall come mockers , which shall aske for the comming of the Lord , as though hee would not come at all . But these abuse the goodnesse and bountie of the Lord , who would that all should be brought to repentance . They therfore doe treasure vp wrath for thēselues against the day of wrath , wherein the Sonne of GOD shall come in iudgement and fierce wrath , against them that haue made a mocke of sin , & haue not been led to repentance through his long patience and louing kindnes . Now seeing the iudgement of God will lay hold of all those that lie in sinne , and seeing we can neuer com● out of sinne so long as we make such light account of it ; let vs knowe that although one sinne is lesse than another , and although a sinner in thought may bee counted a little sinne , in respect o● a sinne in outward act : yet in very deede and before the Lord no sinne will bee counted little For the infinite iustice and mercie of God is violate euen by the least sinne , and therefore no sinne can be counted little ; for euen the least sinne is sufficiently able to condemne and confound vs from the presence of God. Againe , if the Lord should set the least sinne vpon our consciences , and suffer our consciences to checke vs for it , and Sathan himselfe to burthen vs with it : doubtlesse it would be so heauy and grieuous , that we should not be able to abide it . How then can wee make light account euen of that sinne , which of all other seemeth least ? Moreouer , the Lord will not onely condemne the wicked as for their great , so for their lesser sinnes : but hee will very sharpely correct , yea and seuerely punish euen his dearest children for those sinnes , which in our eyes do seeme most small . Thus was Adam thrown out of Paradise for eating of the forbidden fruite . Moses for speaking of an angrie word dyed in the wildernes , and could not be suffered to come into the promised land . Ezechias did but shewe his treasures to the Ambassadors of Babel , and for that sinne they were all caried into Babel : yea the holy temple was spoyled , the holy vessels were prophaned , and their glory was giuen into the enemies hand . Iosiah did goe to warre against his enemy and the enemies of God , and that onely to keepe them out of his own land : yet because he did not aske counsell at the Lord , therefore hee was slaine in the battell . What sinnes are lesse than these ? and yet see how sharply the Lord did punish them in his owne children : and can it bee then that any sinne should be counted light ? Besides , though it were graunted that some sinne in it selfe were but little , yet for this cause could it not be counted little , because in time it will draw vs and driue vs into grosse offences . But seeing that in truth the least sinne is too great , then how much the greater must we thinke euery sinne to be , considering that it commeth not alone , but either presently or shortly after bringeth in great transgressions ? Last of al , seeing that the least sinne could not be forgiuen but by the death of the Sonne of God , so that he must suffer the very pangs and paines of hell for the least sinne that euer man committed : seeing that euen our least transgressions caused him to be accursed , and in the extremitie of griefe to crie , My God , my God , why hast thou forsaken me ? Where haue we the face , or how can wee finde in our hearts to make a mocke of the least sinne ? Well then , let vs know sinne to be sinne , and labour to be sorrowfull for euery sinne : so that although we be not in like measure sorrowfull for all , yet let vs take heede that no sinne escape vs without some true and godly sorrow : then shall wee finde fauour among the righteous , yea then shall we obtaine mercy from the Lord. For the lesse wee fauour sinne , the neerer we be to the fauour of God : and the more we hate sinne , the more we shall be sure to enioy the louing kindnes of the Lord : yea , ioy and peace and comfort in the holy Ghost is oftentimes bestowed vpon men in greatest measure , when they feele the greatest measure of vnfained repentance , and godly sorrow for sinne , and haue conceiued the greatest hatred against the same . The Lord in mercie therefore increase this sorrow and hatred in vs euer more and more , that our ioy and comfort may bee the more increased , through Iesus Christ our Lord : to whom with the holy Ghost , one true and euerliuing God , be all praise , power , dominion and principalitie , now and euer . Amen . THE SVMME OF THE Epistle to the Hebrevves . THE whole Epistle to the Hebrewes containeth the sinne of Apostasie , from which the Apostle laboureth to dehort them , and that by fiue reasons specially : First , in the first Chapter hee shewes that Christ is aboue all Angels , whereof hee inferreth in the second Chapter , That if God did punish the contempt of the ministerie of Angels , much more is the contempt of the ministery of Christ punishable , because he so far exceedeth the Angels . In the third Chapter he shewes that Christ is aboue Moses , whereof he inferres in the fourth Chapter , That if Moses ministerie contemned caused reuenge , much more Christ his ministerie cōtemned causeth reuenge , because it is far greater than Moses . In the fift Chapter he shewes , That Christ the sacrificer is greater thā Aaron the Priest , whereof he inferreth in the sixth Chapter , That if God did correct the contempt of Aarons sacrifice , much more will hee condemne the contempt of Christ his oblation , because Christ is superior to Aaron . In the seuenth , eight , and nine Chapters , That the ministerie of the Gospell is better than the ministerie of the law , whereof he inferreth in the tenth Chapter , That if they were punished that despised Moses lawe , much heauier is their iudgement which despise Christ his Gospell , for that Christ is aboue Moses . In the eleuenth Chapter he shewes , How all the Fathers were iustified in continuing in the faith , whereof he inferreth in the twelfth Chapter , That who so will bee iustified with them , must after their example continue in the faith . Lastly , he concludeth with wholesome exhortations fitlie ioyning to his former doctrine , For because we may be Apostataes in life as well as in neglect of doctrine in the thirteenth Chapter hee addeth many good precepts of Puritie , mer●● , sanctimonie , prayer , thankesgiuing , liberalitie , and obedience to t●eir teachers ▪ And then falling as it were on their necks , hee kisseth them , and comm●●ding himsel●● to their prayere , hee commendeth them to the rich grace of G●d , 〈…〉 nd s●amp of all his epistles . A BRIEFE SVMME of Ecclesiastes . FOr the vnderstanding of Ecclesiastes , because the things therein contained depend of an historie , we must know that Salomon , from the beginning of his dayes was a well disposed young man , endued with most excellent gifts of regeneration and gouernment . Afterward from one well giuen , and in a good way , hee fell to bee a riotous and a prophane person : and yet obtaining grace by extraordinarie priuiledge ( I call that an extraordinarie priuiledge which either implieth a particular commaundement against a generall precept , or a particular practise against some generall rule dispensed of by GOD ) he became sorrowfull for his folly , and being desirous to leaue to the world a testimonie of his sorrowe , hee taketh vpon him in this booke the person of a publike Penitentiarie , professing it to bee a monument of his vnwise dealing : and therefore it may be called Salomons retractations . And surely it is verily to bee supposed , that the Lord hath set vp this man as a signe , in whom hee would by proofe and experience shew , that men can neuer be happie , for these things which most men account to be happines . Wee say in schooles , that practicall and reall syllogismes are farre aboue speculatiue and imaginarie reasons . And we knowe that in all histories the proofe and experience of the reporter affoordeth great credit . Salomon sheweth in this booke that hee prooued all , and yet this is his conclusion , That to feare God , in reuerent regard to keepe his commandements , is all a man can come to , the onely way to find peace of conscience , and to assure vs of the fauour of God. This is the assurance of our countrie , that wee shall one day enter into it ; when we haue a purpose to this , we neede seeke no further This had I ( saith Salomon ) notwithstanding hee was not content , but hee imagined some thing else might be found out which hee had not , and being a man of wisedome hee thought there might besome better kinde of life inuented than this was . Well , hee trieth mirth , wiues , building , &c. which might seeme to content him : but when twentie yeeres were spent in trying conclusions , he was as neere then as he was at the first : nay , without the speciall indulgence of the Lord , he was further off too . And as a horse in a mill , when hee had gone in his circuite , hee was at last where he began first . Well ( saith he ) whatsoeuer I tried beside the conclusions of the faithfull , all deceiued me in the fruition . And that which is more , euery purpose of mine heart being vaine , left a sting and pricke behinde in conscience , which did counteruaile and surpasse all the former delights . So then , Salomon returning into the fauour of God , condemneth all externall things to be but vanitie , and hee would teach vs this lesson , that ruina pracedentium must be admonitio sequentium . If any man will trie conclusions against Gods conclusions , hee shall trie nothing in the end but himselfe to be a foole : and by how much the more examples might haue forwarned vs , the more we are to excuse the Lord , and to accuse our selues if wee fall . GODLY INSTRVCTIONS FOR THE DVE EXAMINATION AND DIRECTION OF AL MEN , TO THE ATTAIning and retaining of faith and a good conscience . CHAP. 1. Of Christian Admonition . WOrldly wise men cal admonition medling , & that they that look not to other mens matters are thought to be peaceable , and learned sober wise men , & they that practise admonitiō are thought to be vnsociable . Caine himselfe was of this iudgement , hee was one that looked not after his brothers life , but soberly ( as hee thought ) respected his owne : by this one example wee may see what spirit they haue , who say , I haue nothing to doe with him . Wee , hauing learned not the practise of the world , but the practise of the word , looke for another iudgement , and breaking through all such shadowes , we dare and must be busie with our brother , Leuit , 19. 17 , And if neede be , we wil sharply deale with him , as plucking him out of the fire , Iude vers . 23 , Wee may not vnder the colour of peaceablenes , muzzle our mouthes : if I haue an eye in the Church , I must point at sinne ; if I bee an hand in the Church ▪ I must plucke it out : for euery sinne not admonished , when , and where wee may , is inrolled among our sinnes , because how many sinnes wee haue willingly seene or heard , and not rebuked nor lamented , we haue committed them . They obiect , our corrupt nature is disposed to winke at the offences of our brethren . I answere , howsoeuer corruption may be intermingled , yet the first motion of rebuking sinne is of God. A good Father said , I was neuer acquainted well with any , but first I displeased him by admonishing him of some sinne . And like as the children of Israel were going but eleuen dayes iourney in thirtie yeeres : so we might goe by admonition as farre in eleuen dayes , as some without it can doe in many yeeres ▪ And as in a lethargie we haue neede of a purgation : so when the grace of God freezeth in vs , we haue neede of admonition . 2 As hee that admonisheth another of sinne , and is not grieued , profiteth another , but not himselfe : so he that seemes grieued , not admonishing his brother when time serues , is not truly grieued . 3 In admonishing it is good to obserue the rule of our Sauiour Christ , Matth. 18. before wee proceede either to Minister or Magistrate : than so doing all things with loue , lenitie and prayer , wee may not doubt but the Lord will blesse his appointed meanes , and so in faith and meekenes offer our selues to him : if it be so that wee see no fruite , yet wee shall possesse our soules in peace , with the conscience of our simple obedience . 4 A godly man doubting whether ( being moued in heart to admonish an vnruly partie by writing , and fearing that it would not be profitable ( hee should continue in his purpose or no ; he was answered : it was a great sin then not to do it , and also a great great iudgement of God came on that sin often , which was , that we should forget the good motion : or hauing the good motion , we should want oportunitie to doe it : wherefore let vs do the thing , and leaue the successe to God , after we haue prayed for it . And if it so come to passe ( as often it doth ) that though the action be good , our hearts vpright in the doing of it , our affection louing , considering the thing right and good , yet our labours and our praiers be vnfruitfull : let vs remember that in all these were secret imperfections and sinnes , for the which the Lord might hinder the successe , which by deferring hee doth scoure away , that afterwards in fuller measure of his mercie , when we shall be the better prepared by humilitie to be thankfull , he powre out a more rich measure of granting our requests vpon vs. 5 The children of God become better , and profite more when they are rebuked ; and a rebuke is not without effect in anie , but in the wicked . They that harden their hearts and necks when they are admonished , & thinke that sharpe handling doth make them worse , had neede to take great heede to themselues : for if the Lord cannot preuaile by great admonitions , nor sharp rebuking , he will certainly punish : for though he did beare with the often murmurings and many sinnes of the Israelites , yet at the last hee sware in his wrath they should not enter into his rest . 6 Iethro doth not rashly reprehend Moses , Exod. 18. 14. but hee first commeth to the knowledge of the cause : and when he saw cleerly that there was an ouersight in his sonne , then doth he admonish him , & giue him such counsell as is agreeable to the word of God. The want of this wisedome doth often make our admonitions vnprofitable , because we take not aduisement how the case standeth , then for that wee doe not labour to haue a sure ground for our counsell out of the word of God. If then we will that our admonitions take place , let vs first duly consider of the thing it selfe , and by the word trie it to be a fault ; then let vs also labour to haue a way out of the Word , whereby the matter may be better handled . If this were an ouersight in Moses that hee had neede of an admonition , who can exempt himselfe from it ? None at all , but euery man must be content to be admonished , yea though it be of his inferiours : for so Moses , farre excelling his father in graces , yet is profitably admonished by him , and willingly receiueth it . So was Naaman the Syrian admonished by his seruant , and Abigail by her seruants , and shee did also admonish Dauid the King and Prophet of God. Wee must then admonish , and be admonished , euen by them that haue receiued lesser graces then wee , and with all modestie and loue , and thanks-giuing , as Moses and Dauid . 7 The nature of the wicked soone appeareth in admonition , who will at no hand bee admonished by the godly , albeit the cause be neuer so iust . The wicked Israelite could be content to suffer the wicked Aegyptians to whip him , but not godly Moses to admonish him . The world will be subiect to the world , but not to God , 8 Wee must learne to admonish speedily after the offence is committed , because our nature in good duties , and in them especially which haue offence with them , is readie to put off , we must not-tarrie vntill we meete the offender ; but goe to him , whilest the brunt is vpon vs : for our nature is giuen to coole too fast , if we plie it not whiles it is hot . So our modo and modo , neuer haue a modum , when wee post it off from time to time , and our anger against sinne is quickly shaken : while we are hote then , and our brother is sicke , the equitie of the thing requireth , that we should goe to him , though otherwise he should come to vs : The reason is , because after sinne is once committed , there is a darknes , a dimnes , or a myst brought on our soules , whereby howsoeuer in iudgement we receiue somewhat of other mens sinnes , ( as Dauid did of his offence , that tooke the poore mans sheepe ) yet wee cānot see our owne . Besides , there is cast a deformed blemish on the glasse , shewing vs our sinne , and the diuell so prouiding , that sinne neuer dieth , we abhorre those meanes which should recouer vs ; we on our parts receiue our standing to this end , to admonish . Wherefore , Peter not being able to requite Christ for praying for him , that satan might not ouercome him , is commanded by the confirmation of his Faith , to remember to confirme the faith of others . And Psal. 26 the Lord is content to set ouer the debt due to himselfe to others . And Iohn makes this a speciall note , that we are not dying , if we loue the brethren . The third reason that should moue vs to make haste , is this : whilest sinne is yet tender , greene headed , and shamefast , whilest it hath blood with blushing in the face , whilest it is like a little aspe , or like a small corde , it is wisedome to admonish the partie of it : otherwise it will fall out with vs , as with the practise of an ancient Father , who planting one yeere , pluckt vp the plante with one hand , who suffering it two yeeres , was faine to pull it vp with both his hands : but planting three yeeres , he vsed both handes and breast ; at the length when it was a plant of foure yeeres old , hee was constrained to let it alone . So God would haue vs pull vp the sinne whilest with one hand wee may doe it , not to tarrie , whilest two hands , breasts , and all will not doe it : for feare of negligence we are to admonish in respect of our selues , because the sinne is on our score , that we admonish not . The same God that saith , forgiue thy brother if he offend , saith also , if thy brother offēd , admonish him , Many would haue their faults forgiuen , but not reproued : but hee sinneth as deepely that reproueth not , as he that forgiueth not : so fearefull a thing it is not to admonish . 9 It is a good thing when wee so take an admonition , as the admonition take vs. Paul reproues Peter openly , and records this fault in his epistle : and yet Peter for all this calleth him his brother Paul , cōmending his wisedome , his gifts and graces , accepting his admonition not as a blowe with a staffe , but as a most precions balme . But wee when a spot is shewed to be in our garment , are readie to take vp myre , and to cast it on his coate , that pointed at our spot : or seeing something in our face by a glasse , we be ready to breake the glasse that shewed vs our blemish . Againe , when wee admonish , wee shall meete with some that will flatly deny the fact : some will graunt the offence , but in part : some will confesse the whole , but they doe extenuate it . For all which maladies , as good Physitions , wee must not at the first vrge the most forcible medicines , but vse them in their degree and place , that is , when more fauourable meanes preuaile not : wee must not with Rehoboam vse too strong a purgation at the first , least our patients be not able to beare it , but we rather cause them to be more crasie , than rid them of any part of their disease . CHAP. II. Of the forme and rules of Christian admonition . THere are two sorts of sins , some greater , some lesse : for Christians are neither Stoickes nor Epicures , for Paul opposeth himselfe to thē both ▪ Act. 17 18. they esteeme not all sinnes alike : Neither are they all one with those which haue a bottomlesse charitie , who can count all euils infirmities . And there is a third sort worst of al , and they will make euerie sin a mote , & a beame when they list : the earth is a beame in it selfe , but a mote in the skie . But we know that all sinnes are not of one last , Gen. 15. I will not bring in the Israelites till the measure of the sinnes of the Amorites bee full : So there is a full measure , and a wanting measure , all haue not one measure . When Paul speaketh of a gangrene , and Iob of a sinne , which he calleth the rottennes of bones , they meane there are diuers degrees of sinnes spreading in our flesh . A Father saith , some sinnes were scoured by the blood of his hands , but others required his heart-blood , Ioh. 19. 2 Now , for that in admonition this distinction of sin is not knowne , some doe trouble the eye , some put out the eye . Some sinnes there be that our brethren may pluck out , some that are left to our selues to pluck out . Trueth it is , if wee consider euery sin as it is against the maiestie of God , we shall see it is no mote or light matter , Matth. 5. God esteemeth one ●ot of his law more than heauen and earth . Doth euerie sinne require the blood of Christ ? how then can they be motes , vnlesse we thinke his blood to be a mote also ? As it is said of Baltashar in Daniel , so it may be said of euery one that sinneth , if thy sinnes be weighed , it is the losse of thy kingdome , euen of the kingdome of heauen . 3 The better to examine sinnes , let vs not weigh them by themselues : for a sinne seeming by it selfe to be but a graine waight , yet by reason of some circumstāces , may counterpoise a heauie beame . For example , consider the sinne of Iudas , you shall see it by all the sixe circumstances : First , of his person , in that he was a Disciple put in trust with the temporall things that belonged to Christ. 2. Of the obiect , for that he had confessed Christ before . 3. Of the time , when he receiued the Sacrament . 4. Of the place where Chri●t went out to pray and to teach his Disciples . 5. Of the manner which was in hypocrisite to say , Hayle maister , 6. Of the cause ; for such a small value . So in like manner the sinnes are greater in publike persons , than in priuate , and that first for the offence , which Christ counteth a beame . There was as much sacrifice offered for the sinne of the Priest , as of all the people besides : for surely as the measures of the Sanctuarie were double , so their sins were double . Adn as this is said of the person , so now of the place . Publike sinnes are greater than priuate , in that they haue impudencie ioyned with them , in that they be committed with an high hand . In respect of the time , a sinne of long continuance is greater than a sinne that began but yesterday ▪ 4 There are sixe notes to know a beame by . The first is taken out of that place where Christ saith , it is impossible for a ca●nell to goe through a needles eye : and this is to expresse the absurdirie of those which say , as Absalom said , euery mans cause was good : these fome out sinne without shame The second is ser downe , Rom 7. where the Apostle speakes of a sin , that by the light of the law he saw to be great and fearefull , which before he counted as a shadow , or a mote onely . The third note is Reuel . 17. a sinne of many heads , able to be diuided , to be quartered , must be a beame : but a mote cannot , being almost as little as the Geometricall punctum . It is a compound sinne . The fourth Dauia speakes of , Psal. 118 22. making relation of certaine stones which the builders refused , such as we vse to serue at turnes , to build the kingdome of ignorance : Thsi must be a beame , & not a mote . A more may be blowne out , but a beame can searse be haled out with horses . The sixt is drawne out of that saying of Christ , Hypocrite , plucke the beame out of thine iowne eye , then thou shalt see : so that is a beame whichmakes vs blind . This is that which Salomon saith , All the workers of in●quitie goe astray , knowledge first decaieth . These sins we haue , and feele them not ; and the greater they be the lesse griefe . These malladies of the soule are contrarie to those of the body ; for these the greater they be , the more we feele thē , the other the lesse . Those were but small in comparison , and mysticall sinnes , which Paul was so grieued with , Rom. 7. yet he displeased himselfe in them , and sought the remedie ; and when he found it , he esteemed it much . The vse of all this is , that we know , when we haue motes in our eyes , and that we take heede they grow not to be beames : for there is one will take order they shall not fall out . And to this end , we must labour to haue a good iudgement , at the first to esteeme all sinnes as beames in our selues . 5 To recouer brethren from their faults , belongeth to priuate and publike , to Minister and Magistrate . Dauid Psal. 101 saith , it was his mornings worke , to cast out the workers of wickednesse : what case are they in then , whose morning and euening work it is to keep them in . This is now the first sin of the Magistrate , to leaue beames as motes vnpunished ; as I●roboam would let them commit idolatrie , so he might haue his kingdome . Secondly , it is their fault to punish motes , and to let beames passe ; as Saul put the holy Priest to death for Dauids cause ; but Abner for whoredome was not punished , because he was a beame of his kingdome . Thirdly , they offend in punishing beames as motes , and motes as beames ; as Dauid in diuiding the in heritance betweene Mephibosheth and Ziba . For the Minister , he must reproue in the light before all men : and if they be slow-bellies he must reproue them sharply . Priuate men must also admonish . There is not only a healing of eyes in the Chirurgians shops , but euery man msut haue a care of his brothers eye . If we looke for a commandement , Leuit. 19. 17. Thou shalt reproue him plainely , is as vehement a speech as God could vse . Now they say , if a manreprehend , he is an hypocrite : but assuredly , he that performeth not this dutie when , and where he may ; let him know his silence is a seruile hypocrisie . 6 The holy men of elder ages haue been in the dutie of reprehension and admonition most careful . Esay for this cause was counted a man , in his time , so contentious , as that nothing in the land could please him . I●remie saith , he was borne a man of contention : Eze●hiel was called a finde-sault : Christ himselfe both commanded , Matth. 18. and practised this dutie , he is often curning the eyes of the Pharisees , Sadduces , high Priests , Matth. 23. Herode , Luk. 4. his owne countrimen : his owne disciples , most sharpely ; calling Peter Sathan , and saying to Iames and Iohn , ye know not what yee aske , and his owne mother he reproues roundly , Ioh , 2. The holy Ghost is a reprouer also , Ioh. 16 and this he pr●ctiseth euen at his first comming , Acts. 2. 22. Ye haue sl●ine the Lord of life , Paul reprooued Peter , and Peter Iames. All their Epistles command this dutie . 1. Thes. 4. 15. Ephes. 5. 11. They which will not perform this dutie , to reprehend the wicked , fall often to ●euile good men . When there was but one Miohaiah to performe this duty , there were 400. Prophets which stood by to preach peace to the people . As often we reade in the booke of Kings , There came one of the Prophets : there came not many to performe this dutie , and so it is to this day , and this maketh this dutie as bitter as wormewood , for that it is so little put in practise . 7 That we may suffer rebuke , these three things must we doe . First , as Psalme 141. we must esteeme it as a balme , and make profession that we doe so Secondly men must feare themselues more : now euery man presupposeth himselfe innocent , when as we should be fearefull to haue offended , when we haue not offended , 1. Sam. 22. I am thy fathers death , s●●●h Dauid , when he was not indeed . Iob was afraid of his children , when he knew not they had sinned . Thirdly , though the accusation be false , we must performe thankefulnes , Iosh. 22. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16 But contrarie waies , if one espie a mote in our eyes , we straightway looke into his , and then ours is whole . 8 If yet we desire more reasons to perswade vs to the practise of this most Christian dutie : let vs remember we are to admonish , because they are our brethren . If two strangers walke together , and a mote fall into one of their eyes , the other will blow it out , or wipe it out : this nature teacheth vs. Paul goeth a note higher : If there be a thorne in the foote , the head stoopeth ; but if any thing be in the tender eye , it laboureth to ease it much more . But we reproue commonly when we fall out with our brethren : and therefore in veritie we be enemies and not brethren : for this is a good argument wi●h ●s , he is thine enemie , therefore reproue him . And this is an Aegyptians tricke , to reiect a iust reproofe and to say who made thee a ruler ? who made you a Preacher ? Augustine faith , if thou dost not helpe his eye , God will plague thine eye and his too . And againe , though thou saiest not euge , yet because thou saiest not apage : there is ( saith he ) a mutuall approbation , as well as a mute commendation . 9 Three things ought to moue vs to this dutie . First , least men thinke it an indifferent thing to offend , and so we nourish him in his sinne , and thereby his eye will gather more filth and scales , and in time goe cleane out . Secondly , if thou pitie not him that offendeth , yet pitie him that standeth by , least he be offended , or any way indangered by thy silence , or by the sin past , or both : as we see in Barnabas by Peter , Gal. 2. 13. Thirdly pitie thy selfe , and deliuer thy selfe from the guilt of this sinne : for if thou be pr●sent , & be est not grieued for the offence , it is in account laide vpon thy score . Neither let that hinder vs that we shal not preuaile : for Nichodemus also performed this dutie when he had no hope to be heard , Ioh 7. 50. Again , by rebuking thou shalt deliuer thy selfe from cotempt , for by thy silence the wicked will giue thee the same reward they giue vnto God , Psalm 50. 21. They will conclude , that thou art in the s●me league of imp●●tie with them . Finally , so doing thou shalt free thy selfe from the punishment of sinne . Ely for not reprouing his sonnes , perished with them in the same calamitie : but L●t escaped in the destruction of Sodome , Saint Peter rendreth this reason , because he was v●xed with the vncleanly conuersation of the wicked , continually preaching righteousnesse and reclayming them from their sinnes . 10 This dutie of reprehension is onely to be done to a brother , of whom there be two sorts : the naturall , and the beleeuing brother ; for the faithfull haue one spirituall Father , and one Holie mother , euen the heauenly Ierusalem , the mother of vs all . As there be beames so great that we cā●ot moue them at all , so th●re be some men whom we must not touch with any reproofe . We must not reprehend thē whom the Church acknowledgeth not for childrē , for they be not our brethrē : Such a● deserue to ●e reiected by the Church , I am not bound to performe this dutie vnto them , for holy things must not be giuen to dogges Againe , the scorner must be smitten and cast forth , as Ismael was , he is not worthie a christian reprehension , nor a barker or biter of the religious & godly , as prophane Esau : for these cast off all our admonition with a iest . Some thought Paul should haue reproued Nero , but it was a rule in the Primitiue Church , and the Schoole men haue obserued , that furious Tyrants may not be reproued , least they disturbe the peace of the Church . Elias was more plaine with the Kings in his time , albeit he was left alone . If thou hast authority , thou maist reproue all that are vnder thee . Reproue strangers onely of open and known sinnes : no Samaritan at al , vnlesse he be wounded . Let vs in performing this dutie obserue diuine rules well , for some are as vnfit to reprehend and to be reprehended , as Esaus Plow●●are was to make a sword . 11 Though good duties are to be done , yet euery man is not fit to do euery good duty , therfore let vs see who is fit to execute this worke of reprehension . The eie is a tender part , euery finger must not be taking in it : for of an action without skil commeth an end without fruit . This dutie doth not consist in readines of vtterance , nor in bitternes & stinging words , but in good sound iudgement , which maketh a man fit . And to this are required three things , which answere to those in the bodily sight : first the cleerenes of the eye : secondly , the right situation of it : thirdly , not to be hindred without . By the eie , the minde , the seate of knowledge is vnderstood : & here in they must be rich . It is promised , Esa. 64. that the people vnder the Gospell should excell in knowledge the Leuites vnder the Law : and it may appeare it was so in the Primitiue Church , for they became most ready and familiar in the holy Scriptures : in so much that womē began to grow so cunning , that there was a generall prohibition that they should not speake in the Church . Daniels prophesie was , that in the later times men should run ouer bookes : and if wee cannot so abound , yet must wee get a through knowledge of things , against which wee deale by reprehension . Christ finds the Pharisees often short , and blind , albeit they gloried of great knowledge , though the Phylacteries were broad , yet their heads were shallow . So it is also with vs : ther are many dim eyes which haue need of that eye salue , Reuel . 3. If any thing be ambiguous we cannot hit the ioynt to restore the member that is loosned , Gal. 6. 1. And so in our building , all will downe in the tempest that we build with vntempered morter . Nothing can abide soundly in affection , that is not surely grounded in the iudgement . That which Philip said to the Eunuch may heere well bee vsed , a little changing the word in the originall : Doest thou knowe what thou doest condemne ? And it is said well of Peter , that many speake euill of those things they know not : but they doe as Balaam , fetch their diuinations from others , and so cannot speake according to time , place & persons , but as they are then prouided . Secondly , the eye must stand rightly in his proper seate , for if it stand awry we cannot see well , how cleere soeuer the eye be , This site and right place of the eye , the old writers call intentio vitae , and that is that which euen their owne consciences knowe , and other men often see , they leuell at in their whole life . The right situation of the eye is this , if we set before vs this scope to please God , without any sinister respect : albeit some can looke awry and that sildome , and that shortly , and waxe not worse and worse , but more zealous . He lookes not aright that hath a worldly end , as Balaam would now & then looke to Gods commandement , but because his heart and minde was fixed on the wages of iniquitie , his eye was euer ouer his shoulder , and in the end shewed hee was blinde indeede . Thirdly , the outward hinderances are the beames that are in the eye , and they are those sinnes that are past shame and sorrow , and such as may be felt at midnight . They receiue many diuisions : they vpholde wicked practises ; they bee such as the Disciples cannot cast out , they are directly opposite to the calling of a Christian. They that worke this trad , are workers of iniquitie , of whose eye and iudgement marke Dauids question , the answere whereof is soone made . Are they not all without vnderstanding that worke wickednesse ▪ And this is the reason why the Fathers hauing lesse meanes of knowledge than wee , yet saw more concerning heauenly things then we . Albeit Christ saith of this eye , thou seest a mote , yet hee speaketh but of his false imagination , for it is hard for him to see a mote , that hath a beame in his owne eye ▪ hee may onely thinke there is a mote where there is none , and therefore no man is to beleeue him . And yet this man challengeth to himselfe authoritie not only to dispute , but also to reproue , yet little reason is there of the first , but none of the second . Besides , whereas the end of reprehension is amendment , hee is like to make him worse : for seeing how little hee accounteth of the beame that is in his owne eye , he may gather , if that hurt not him , his mote will hurt him lesse : nay he is more like to plucke out the eye , than the mote out of the eye . It is a generall rule , that hee that doth willingly reprehend , and feeles not a mixt affection of sorrow and feare , is not fit for it . Our owne loue is the measure of our loue to others : he cannot then be good to others , that is not first good to himselfe . Chrysostome saith , Canst thou know another better than thy selfe ? He that loueth another more than himselfe in spirituall things , he is void of charitie . We must therefore euer take heede of these beames in our owne eyes , for if we so cast aside our eye after preferment , wee set the fist commandement aboue the first , and make our selues vnfit for the practise of the dutie of Christian admonition . 12 The people so profited by Moses sharpe rebuke , that they after came to aske him counsell , as loth to displease him , when they sawe that he was angrie for Gods cause , and their sinnes . Where we see how needfull it is for a man to haue his conscience ript vp , and to take heed when the Minister of God doth with anger rebuke , that then we doe rightly interpret his anger , for the diuell will be too busie to perswade , that he doth it for his own pleasure . And the Ministers of Christ must take heede to rule their anger , euer intending principally Gods glorie , and the profit of their brethren . 13 In admonition , when we loue too much the person , we slacke our zeale against the sinne : when we are too zealous against the sinne , we forget meeknes and loue to the person . It is the greatest iudgement of God , vpon the corrupt iudgement of the world , that vntill sinne be prodigious , and monstrous , such as goeth round about the world , wee are not moued with it . When wee admonish others of sinnes , as of iesting , and such like : forsooth we must smile , when we doe so , and we must laugh vpon them , least wee moue choler , and giue offence . Well , for all sinne in equal measure , and for the least of all sins , Christ Iesus the Sonne of God was faine to shed his pretious blood ; howsoeuer this seemeth little to vs in committing , it was very great to Christ in suffering for it . They be small sinnes to vs , which are vsuall to all ; but if they were not vsuall , they would seeme prodigious . CHAP. III. Of Adulterie and youthfull Affections . IF that after often fals in the sinne of Adulterie , the Lord giue a man the sight of the grieuousnes and greatnes of this sinne , and fill a man with the feares of his iudgements , and then this feare cause the power of this sinne to abate in him , and cause him to feare all occasions , and to loue chaste persons , then such a man may be well comforted , the Lord will giue him the victory of that sin . But yet remember to proceed , & in affectiō let that vnclean life be as loath some vnto thee as it hath bin pleasant , & to the end that thou maist know how to keepe and possesse thy vessell in holines and honour , begin to delight in the Lord Christ , & to vse with feare & reuerence the meanes of thy saluatiō , the Word , Prayer and Sacraments ; & then the Lord will seale vnto thine heart the pardon of this sin : for this is not obtained before we haue thus repented . And when thou hast found these effects of Gods grace in thee , thou maist reasō thus against Sathā : If the Lord would haue destroyed me for this sin , he would not haue giuen me a sorrowe or ha●red of this sin , therefore I am now well assured he doth , and will accept me for his adopted sonne , in his true sonne Iesus Christ. That a man may doe this , and learne this sinne with repentance , hee is first to consider , I say , the mercie of God , which striueth with vs till we be brought so farre as is aforesaid . Secondly , wee must consider the iustice of God , which will confound those that will resist . The mercie of God appeares in fearing thee , and punishing others , in giuing thee the meanes , and not others , in punishing thee lightly , and confounding others . This wil greatly commend the greatnes of Gods mercies , especially , seeing hee giueth mercie when he might punish , and doth as it were hire thee from thy sinnes . Thus will the spirituall man gather of the great mercie of God : Shall then prouoke him , & adde rebellion vnto sin ? Shall I vtterly denie him , and become the slaue of sathan ? So then , thus the meditation of the mercies of God in Iesus Christ leades vs to the hatred of this & all other sins , Luk. 16. But contrariwise , Sathan , and the flesh conclude : If the Lord had hated this sin , hee would haue punished it before this time in me . In old time he destroyed many for sinne , but now vnder grace he is more mercifull . O cursed flesh that doth reason so much against reason and grace : for there is now a secret curse of GOD vpon euery sinner , which will consume a man if it be not preuented ; for the word gone out of Gods mouth , will haue his effect , and shall not be changed because God cannot be changed . 2 Manie thinke youth as the flower of our age , to haue a priuiledge aboue other ages . But alas , it is an age of great confidence ; All this haue I done , saith the young man in the Gospell . So dangerous is their case , that they must not do things indifferent , for feare they make them sad ; and we know , that ordinary things denied , argue an extraordinarie perill . The prodigall sonne did walke his foure stations , and as Ambrose saith , hee had foure prouocations : first , his portion ; secondly , his fathers indulgencie ; thirdly , ill company , but youth more than all ; Psalme 119. 19. Dauid abruptly with an Apostrophe breaketh off his meditation into this : Wherewithall shall a young man cleanse his wayes ? Vpon which place all the Fathers agree , that the accent is vpon a young man ; for he hath fewest means . The word which Dauid vseth for clensing , is verie effectuall ; by clensing , signifying the clensing of glasse , and therefore compareth he young men to glasse , which though it be verie cleane , yet it will gather filth , euen in the Sunne-beames , and of it selfe , which noteth the great corruption of this age : Prou. 22. 13. he hath a būdle of folly bound close in his hart , Eccles. 11. Children and youth are vanitie : vanity is not in them , but the age it selfe is vanitie . Such is the streame of affections in them , as the heathen thought it best policie to let them haue their course a little . But let vs consider their corruption in one measure further . Not onely the common sort , but the best wit , who is thought to be of an excellent disposition . 2. King. 22. And not only the best in ciuill gifts , but those that are best in spiritual graces , finde it hard , as Timothie , who brought downe his bodie , that Paul was faine to write to him to drinke wine , and for all that hee wrote Flee new-fangled lusts . This Timothie was such a one , as that saith Bernard , Giue me one Timothie in these dayes , and if he will eate gold he shall haue it . This maketh me that I cannot subscribe to that saying : Whom God loueth , he taketh away in tēder yeares . For I tell you it is a dāgerous thing to die in youth : and surely , except the Lord worke marueilously it is dangerous . And why ? Surely in yong men there is a double pronenesse : First , their naturall corruption : and then their age in which their affections be grounded , but their reasons be raw . Besides these , the diuell hath a speciall affection to this age . And it is a Prouerbe , chapt . 22. Set a young man in his way , and he will not depart from it when he is olde . If you stampe garlike in a new morter , it will alwayes smell of it . CHRIST saith , Suffer little ones to come vnto me : If they can sing but Hosannah , and know not the meaning . It is a good thing to doe as Marie did , betimes to lay vp in our hearts such things out of the word , as we doe not know , while as yet thou art ●ude ( saith Hillary ) least then , thou begin , when thou shouldest ende . The seruice of youth how greatly it pleaseth GOD , may appeare . Moses and Aarons rod was of an Almond tree : what this figure meant , is taught , Ierem. 1. I am but a childe : It is no matter saith God : What seest thou ? an Almond tree , which in those countreys ( where it groweth ) is the first that doth blossome . Him that God will haue his rod , must bee a branch of the trees that first blossome . The first fruites , and the first borne are due vnto GOD. And this is the difference betweene the sacrifice of Cain and of Abel ▪ Cain offered he cared not what , but Abel offered the first fruites , and the best : and this is the best note to know a Cains heart from an Abels . 5 Consider Gods liking of Timothie , Dauid , Samuel , the Prophet of Prophets , who serued God when hee was a childe , and so the good King Iosiah . These were not trees which blossome when others haue done . Let men be neuer so soundly come home , it were better they had neuer beene so , both for the Churches and themselues , for they carrie the smell of the garlike morter still where euer they goe . 6 Old men which haue liued loosely in youth , haue great diffidence in themselues , for they dare not reprehend so sharply , as others ; nor punish so seuerely as they should , for that the sinnes of their youth are so in their foreheads , and all men see them . Many of these are rockes of offence . They make Dauid and Salomon proctors of their sinnes , which I am perswaded grieueth those soules at this day , if there be any sorrow in heauen , to heare men alleage them for their sinnes . 7 We be taught Esai . 9. 17. that when the Lord intendeth to destroy a Common-wealth , a speciall note thereof is this : He taketh no delight in their youth : therefore where young men be dissolute , it is a heauie note of Gods wrath to fall vpon his people . 8 Such as doe take libertie by Salomons example , let them consider it well . He was in the prime of his youth well disposed and wise , but hauing past to riper yeeres , he grew vaine and dissolute Then by Gods free mercie , he became a sorrowfull man in his age . And he made himselfe a publike penitentarie , leauing his Ecclesiastes as a monument of his follie : and it may well be called his booke of Retractations . This is Salomons experimentall conclusion : All is vanitie and vexation of minde . This he tried , when he had gone through all things he was fame to returne to that wherewith he began . His booke confuteth all Pagans best morall wisedome . He wanted nothing , he had experience of all kinds of blessings that may be found on earth . Yet after long experience he found no true ioy in any thing on earth . The wise men of this age would say : he was too sad , or of a melancholike humour , and could not vse things well . But himselfe answereth the follie of such , chap 6 None could haue more ioy , nor so much pleasure in them , as he had : yet he found in conclusion nothing in them but vanitie and vexation of minde . 9 Iob was neuer adulterer , yet made he a couenant with his eyes , because he being cleane in heart , would giue no occasion outwardly . When Putiphers wife could not preuaile because of Iosephs constancie , she was not moued to repentance as she ought , considering that her seruant was so faithfull to her husband , much more she ought to haue been : but contrarily s●e vseth a desperate remedie , worse than the fault it selfe : namely , to seeke his life . And this is the end of all vnbridled and carnall loue , that in the end it turneth to extreame hatred : yea and that more bitter than of them , who neuer bare them good will : as appeared in that incestuous loue of Ammon to his sister Thamar , who afterward hated her exceedingly . Let vs learne to feare these vnbridled affections ; and if we will not haue this issue to come of them , let vs make our bond in the Lord , that one may draw another neerer to him thereby . And this is not onely in this lusting loue , but in all other familiarities of men whatsoeuer , without the Lord , whether it be for gaine or fauour , &c , for when they cannot enioy the things they looke for , their loue is turned to hatred . 10 Ioseph in his prosperitie would not forsake the Lord to cleaue to his Mistris , and now in that he seeth present danger , yet he standeth fast : Thus on euery side the Lord trieth his children , and giueth grace withall to perseuere . Out of this we may learne , that we neuer know whether we loue righteousnesse and holinesse for Gods cause , so well as when we endure some trouble for it . Ioseph might haue done this secretly that it should not haue bin knowne , yet the loue of God constrained him , and the feare of the Lord caused him to refraine from euill . Albeit he saw present danger of his life and good name : yet because he knew that the Lord which seeth secrets he rewardeth openly , therefore he committeth himselfe to the Lord , and had rather hazard his good name before men , than keep an euill conscience before God. And he beleeued withall , that the Lord at the last would make his righteousnes as cleere as the noone day . 11 Many will not fight or murder openly ; but if their enemies were secretly deliuered into their hands , they would be farre from Dauid , who would not hurt the Lords annoynted : in the meane time they deuise euill amongst themselues , and when they come abroad they vtter it . Many doe abstaine from fornication for feare of lawes and such like ; but they consider not that the Lord seeth their vnchaste mindes , and will recompence them . Many would be religious , but yet vnlike to Sidrach , Misac , and Abednago , who would not for feare of the King so much as consult of the worshipping of the Image . But they would seeme to bee more than they are , as Ananias and Sap●ira : therefore they shall haue the same reward with them for their tempting of God. So long then as our hearts doe deceiue vs ; and these euill desires ouercome vs , and we vse vn●odly meanes , wee shall neuer stand to suffer any triall . We may learne also by Iosephs example , euen for the least part of godly life , or good religion to suffer persecution : and not onely for the chiefe points and parts thereof . And as great a signe of a good heart is it : for if we should denie the faith , or God , or Christ ; all the world would crie out , whereas in lesser matters they would hold their peace : and therefore so much the greater triall is it , if we stand . 12 The end of adulterie is beggerie : besides that , oft such can haue no children , by lawfull and chaste wiues . Hence it is often , that euen great men want children , and their houses decay : againe the wife requireth it with like whoredome . This sinne of all others leaues a brand in mens consciences : as theeues at Sizes conuicted of theft , and confessing it , yet doth it not oft so much trouble them , as this of adulterie . They crie out of this , O adultery brought me to this miserie . CHAP. IIII. Of Affection . IT is a great mercie of God to haue a large affection of well doing , when wee haue good occasion thereof . The Lord ceaseth not to offer occasions , but wee often cease to haue good affections . 2 We must as well see what is against vs , as those things that our affections leade vs to : therefore must we pray , that our hearts may be vpright , that wee be not like ●alaam , and the Elders that aske counsel of Ieremy . So long as we haue to deale with men , we set a glosse vpon the matter , but when wee knowe that wee haue to deale with God , before whom no wickednesse will stand , this will humble vs. 3 The people of Israel would not heare Moses , though hee did sharply rebuke them : wherein we learne to pray that our affections be mas●red betime , for many are so heady in their affections , that they will giue no eare to admonitions : and as it is said of the belly to haue no eares , so it is of such headstrong affectiōs . Some giue so much place to their grief , that they will not receiue comfort of the promises , no● be rebuked by the threatnings of God in his word . This griefe is carnal and dangerous , and therefore euery man is to search his heart to see how such corruption is setled in him , & let him in time st●iue against it , suffering himselfe to be rebuked by the word , and so grace assisting him , he shal ouercome it . 4 Many see Gods workes with Moses , but cannot profit by them , because the Lord hath not giuen them the affections of Moses . According to our affections so wee profit both by workes and word of God : let vs therefore euer pray vnto God to fill our hearts with good affections . CHAP. V. Of Affliction . WHen we are in affliction we are not so wise of our selues , as to see the cause of it : or if we see the cause , we cannot see the mercy of God , that his hand which is vpon vs , is not a destroying hand , but a deliuering hand . 2 Afflictions worke much in men , but most when they come with the word of God , to giue vs a more liuely sight of sinne , and to manifest the rich mercies of God in Iesus Christ to deliuer vs from sinne . Iehosaphat was more humbled by the speech of Iehu the Seer , than he was being compassed with an host of enemies round about . 3 When affliction commeth to Gods children , not so much the sinnes themselues , as the not auoiding of the meanes which procured their sinnes , and not the vsing of the meanes which might haue preserued them from sinne , will torment their consciences : for as a man falling into some sicknesse , if it come whilest he is walking in his calling , is then lesse grieued , than if through surfetting hee had procured and ha●ched the disease in himselfe , euen so it commeth to pa●●●m in the other . By vsing the meanes of godlines in simplicitie of heart , we shall be either freed from sinne , wherein we haue lyen , or else be confirmed in some good things begun in vs. 4 Although the godly sha●l escape hell in the world to come , yet they shall be punished in this world : and though the wicked be not punished in this world , yet shall they not escape hell in the world to come . 5 When Sathan doth desca●t vpon our afflictions , we must be comforted being Gods children , because we suffer no more than Gods childrē before haue suffered , and the Lord himselfe doth suffer with vs. 6 It is the Lord which sendeth crosses to his children to saue them , that they freeze not with the wicked world in their dregs . 7 When Moses was rebuked of the Lord for the not circumcising his sonne , his faith was weake , and his wife in performing that dutie , was almost without faith , yet the Lord saith , and that if any affliction lie vpon vs , it is for want of faith : and if it depart without effect in vs , then a sorer punishment is like to light vpon vs , because we haue not profited by the crosse of Christ : but if we effectually profit by it , and still it lie vpon vs , let vs then patiently abide , for it is to trie our faith . 8 If we would so prouide for our selues , that no afflictions make vs quaile , let vs in the time of prosperitie and quietnes , cut off all headie affections , as griefe , sorrow , and such like ; and then shall they not in our trouble preuaile against vs. 9 When our afflictions doe not driue vs to God , nor cause vs more humbly to heare and seeke his word , but rather to stoppe our ●a●es ▪ and to runne from it , and to seeke vnlawfull meanes , let vs then mourne secretly and heartily vnto God , for the direction of Gods spirit : for that case is dangerous . 10 It is the Lordes mercie that wee are not destroyed , Lamenta . Chap. 3. But when we are freed from punishments , and others are afflicted , it is either to shewe his further mercie , or his further iudgement : if wee waxe better , and bee more thankefull , then it is of mercie ; but if wee waxe proude , and thinke our selues better then others , then is it assuredly to confound vs : And heereby wee may gather comfort or griefe , when wee escape punishments . If hee pu●ish not in this worlde , eyther GOD is vniust , or else there is a hell to punish them euerl●stingly . But his children , if they profite not by one , he sends another to condemne them in this worlde , that they may escape in the worlde to come . 11 We must denie our selues and our owne reason ; that we may continue with Christ , we must take vp our crosse and follow him , and if wee will be glorified with him , wee must also suffer with him ; and if we will rise againe with him , we must first die with him , and if we will partake of his benefits , we must also drinke of his cup. But many would willingly haue in Christ forgiuenes of sinne , yet would they not beare his crosse . 12 We must faithfully remember Gods corrections , and though our trouble be past , yet still with feare to remember the hand of the Lord , not to attribute our cross●s to Fortune , complexions , or humours , nor health to Physicke ; but only to God , glorifying him continually , and making our daily profite by all his louing chastisements vpon vs. 13 The deliuerance of the people of Israell is often repeated in the Scripture . And it is not without great cause , for it serues notably for the comfort of the godly , and the terrour of the wicked : for if we would thinke that hee were not able to helpe vs ; we see that he diuided the mighty Seas : If we should think our selues vnworthy of helpe , he then did mi●htily deliuer the vnworthie . So that if wee being in any danger can be perswaded , that the Lord is able to helpe vs , and that he will helpe them that are vnworthie , it wil be a notab●e stay vnto vs , that we fall not away vnder the crosse by the vehemencie of temptations . 14 Curses are turned into blessings through Christ , as by sinne blessings are turned into curses . The benefices of God being in themselues good , yet by our corruption wee make our table a snare vnto our selues , and so in other of his mercies . 15 Iob serued God in trueth , and yet punished , and so Lazarus : but this was not so much for their own sin , as for the trial of their faith and that after them the Church might receiue great cōfort by their examples . For as it hurts not the gold to be put into the fire , both because it is thereby tried , and also made more pure : so is it not euil for the children of God to haue their faith tried : if it be a strong faith it will beare the fire , if it bee weake , it will yet shine brighter : if there appeare no faith , but all drosse , then the partie tried must more seriously seeke after Christ and the meanes of saluation , that he may attaine that faith that may goe through the fire of affliction . 16 It is the great goodnes of God to curbe vs by affliction , & not to let vs goe forward in sinne : as to diminish the health of our bodies , because we are carelesse of our soules ; and to pull away outward things , that wee may learne to seeke heauenly things : And contrarily , it is his great punishment to leaue vs to our selues . Let vs marke this , that the crosses of God may be sweete vnto vs , & that we may the sooner profit by them : For it is certaine , God scoureth away the infirmities of his Saints by many afflictions , yet neuer breaketh his holy couenant with them , albeit they haue many tribulations which they deserue and pul vpon themselues . 17 The seruice and worship of God in affliction is patience . Of Gods doings wee are not to inquire a reason : yet he hath reuealed to vs many causes wherfore he chasteneth his elect in this life . First to declare his iustice and anger against sinne : therefore the waters of strife cost Moses his life . Secondly , to win vs to repentance , who in prosperitie are vn●●med , and will not heare him , for vexation will teach vs vnderstanding . Thirdly , to know and trie vs whether we will beare his louing correction : and whether we loue him so , that we can endure our seruice vnto blood for his sake , Gen. 22. Now I knowe thou louest me . 1. Pet. 1. 7. which triall is more pretious in his sight than gold , and the way to purifie gold is to make it passe through the fire . Fourthly , Sathan will say , Doth Iob feare God for nought ? Therefore to triumph ouer him in our obedience the Lord doth it . And saith the more it is sifted the cleaner it is ; the more it is cut , the more it groweth ; the more it is troden the thicker it comes vp . Fiftly , to seperate vs from the wicked , for which cause it is compared to a fanne , and the diuell is said to winnowe vs , and hee will not vse a course sieue in doing of it . Lastly , to conforme vs vnto Christ , Rom. 8 ▪ 25. that wee may haue the sympathie of his affections , 2. Tim. 3. 12 all that wil liue godly must beare his crosse , and in his time and measure drinke of the cup. 18 It is not to be doubted that Christ is in the kingdome of heauē , but how came he to it ? Luk. 24. He suffered all things , & so entred into glorie . No man then must looke to be Di●es all his life time , and Lazarus after death too . Christ himselfe entred not on this condition , the Apostles entred not on this condition , for Act. 14. they knewe that through many tribulations we must enter into the kingdome of God. The estate of the Church is as of a tree , we see that some blossomes the cold nippeth , and some the worme eateth , and some continue fruitfull . For some men are n●pped by reproaches , others eaten away by corrupt example , and some continue fruitfull . If a man haue an heritage in the world either by gift or purchase , if it haue a fine , or seruice ioyned with it , surely hee that will looke to haue the one , must looke to doe the other , else not . Now the kingdome of God is the heritage we looke for , and therefore we must haue the burthē of it . The burthen Christ himselfe suffered , and we must suffer it , euen the persecution both of S●em , & Caine. The Lord hath annexed the burthen & the heritage , and he will not seperate them . Nebuchadnezzer his image , Dan. 2. had an head of gold , breast , and armes of siluer , and the neerer the feete the baser it was , we must not be so : we must set our selues against all troubles , that if God will haue vs to go ●● to heauen in a chariot of fire , we may not refuse it . CHAP. VI. Of Anger . IT is a good triall whether we be carnally angrie or no , if we trie our selues whether it kindleth to good workes or no , if it cause vs to pray with libertie of minde , if it hindreth not our meditations , if we can doe well to the party offending vs , if we can deale with others without all peeuishnesse , though all the world accuse vs , it is a signe that our heart is not euill . 2 Moses is said , Numb . 12. to be a me●ke man aboue all that were on the earth , and so it appeareth by his patience in bearing the reuiling speeches of his brother and sister : but Exod. 11. 8. and 32. chap. of the same booke he is said to be very angrie , and in that his fierce anger causeth many to be slaine , yet his anger is commended as good , for that the cause thereof was good . So Elihu is said to be very angrie , Iob. 32. 2. not onely against the wicked but against godly men . Christ also is said to be angrie , Mark. 6. and to call Peter Sathan , Matth. 16 ▪ And Paul calleth the Galathians fooles , Gal. 3. verse 1. And to the Ephes. 4 28. he forbiddeth and warneth vs onely of that anger which is of sinne or mixed with sinne . Now then to discerne this euill anger note these markes following . First , if we be angrie in our owne cause , that is , for those things which might either pleasure vs , or hurt vs , and not for the glorie of God , our anger is carnall and euill . Secondly , againe , it is true that we shal neuer be angrie for Gods cause , vntill we can leaue all care of our own causes , and not become angrie for them , further than they are ioyned with Gods cause . Those then that in their owne cause will be as hot as may be , and in Gods cause will be as colde as ice , doe offend much in anger . 3. Euery trifle must not moue anger , but a great and waightie matter , therefore we must be ready to beare with , and to pardon many offences , so they be not great : but when they greatly concerne the glorie of God , and are very waightie , then are we iustly angrie . 4. We may not be more angrie with the person than with the sinne , for godly anger is onely moued against the sinne , and nothing against the person : and this may be tried two waies : first , if we mislike that sinne wheresoeuer we find it , whether it be in our selues , or in our dearest friends , then is the anger good . Secondly , when our anger hindereth vs not from doing our duties to the person offending vs , or to any other . CHAP. VII . Of Angels . AS God and his good Angels are about vs , so the diuell and euill angels : and as the good Angels haue not been seene , but extraordinarily , so are the euill angels ; and he that depriueth himselfe of this meditation , weakeneth his faith : For it is to our comfort and humbling : To our comfort , that albeit we be in danger , and no man with vs ; yet God and his Angels be with vs. To humble vs , that in euill doing , they both see vs and can hurt vs ; as also the euill angels which still houer ouer vs. And therefore we must knowe , that as the good Angels haue appeared to good men for speciall defence , so the foule spirits doe appeare also to some men for speciall sinnes . And when euill spirits so appeare , we may not with the Papists and the Iewes beleeue they be soules departed , but the euill spirits in the ayre about vs , Epes . 6. 11. 12. 13. CHAP. VIII . Of Baptisme . BAptisme is a pledge of our washing in Christs blood , Act. 2. 30. of our iustification , Gal. 3. 27. of our ingrafting into Christs body , Ephe. 4. 16. of our dying to sinne , Rom. 6. 3. of our resurrection , 1. Cor. 15. 26. of our vnitie of spirit with our brethren , Ephe. 44. of not seeking our owne , 1. Cor. 10. 1. 2. 24. 2 Of Baptisme in Papistry this we may say , for as much as they euer kept the foundation , & the substance of the institution of Christ , that Sacrament was effectuall : for more preuaileth the institution of Christ vnto good , than the corruption of man vnto euill . 3 The example of Zipphorah cannot be followed amongst vs , that women should baptize ; though Papists abuse that example to proue it : for the ministration of the Sacrament is ioyned to the ministerie of the word , which office none can take , except he be called as Aaron was : and it is a most waightie and most honourable office , to haue the word and seales of our reconciliation committed vnto vs. 4 It is obiected , that it is a dangerous matter to want Baptisme , it causeth death . I answere : The child ( saith the story ) was not punished , but Moses , through whom that contempt came : for when as it is said , Gen. 17. that the man not circumcised shall be cut off , the reason is this , because he despiseth the couenant of the Lord. Now a child cānot so do , therefore the negligent father is punished : and if the child come to yeeres , & continue in his fathers steps , he is in the same state of rebellion & contempt against God ; and so it is in our Baptisme . Againe , this popish opinion of the necessitie of Baptisme , is confuted by the Lords institution of Circumcision the eight day ; for if this necessitie had been in Circumcision , which they affirme to be in Baptisme , all that dyed before the eight day were condemned . The Lords meaning was in appointing this conuenient time , to prouide that the child might haue more strength to beare the wound : and this regard of time is fit to be obserued also with vs , that this holy worke might be done on the Sabbath day in the congregation , because it is a publike action by diuine institution . 5 Concerning promises in Baptisme , and the office of the witnesses , which be called Godfathers and Godmothers , looke in what things the Scripture giueth general rules , the Church may vse the particulars , so all be done decently and to edification : the law giueth this generall instruction to a man in authoritie , to defend the good , and to offend the euill : he may to this end take some godly man to him for an assistant . The law commanding generally to distribute to the poore , a man is not able to helpe all particularly , therefore he endeuoureth the relieuing of some speciall persons . The law commanding generally to helpe one another with godly instructions , and no greater need to any , than to a father , in helping him for the education of children , surely this dutie of loue to be an assistant in Baptisme may not be denied . Againe , to professe ourselues enemies . to Arrianisme , we vse , Glorie be to the Father , and to the Son , &c. all one with that so often in the Psalmes , Praise yee the Lord : So may we in like manner to auoid Anabaptisme , haue witnesses to testifie to the Church that we are Christianly baptized . And as we are to renounce all friuolous ceremonies , so to keepe the peace of the Church , we may not refuse such orders as tend to edification , to loue , and comelinesse in the Church . 6 It is good to teach children while they be young , that whereas they haue been baptized , and blessed in the name of the Trinitie , they should be taught forthwith some questions concerning their creation , redemption and sanctification . CHAP. IX . Of Couetousnesse , and the desire of Riches . THere are manie which can be content to make Iacobs vowe , that is , if they haue meate , drinke , and cloathing , they will serue God , but they goe vpwards still in their worldlike accounts , and downwards in heauenly things , they rise from tens to scores , from scores to hundreths : they will not goe downeward with Abraham , they will haue thousands of sheep , els they be but poore : they will haue Nab●oths vineyard with Ahab , and dwell alone , els they be sicke . Thou hast set vp the heauens high , saith the Prophet , else surely rich men would haue all the vse of them , & leese them too . So nothing can satisfie mans desire which is infinit , but God , who infinite . And if he haue all the riches in the world , he will desire more . A very vnnaturall desire is this ( as the dropsie in desiring drinke ) when the desire proceeds from fulnes , for a man should desire that which he wanteth . The minde of a man is not filled with corporall things , no more then a chest can be filled with wisdom or spirituall things . But presuppose that riches could fill a man : if wee had all wealth , all riches , all apparell ; wee put not our wealth in our mindes , our clothes do vs no good , but whē they are vpon vs. The possessing of riches doth not so fully possesse the heart , but that it can desire a thousand things more . 2 Riches are in question whether they be good or no ; When the Scripture speaks of riches , they ioyne alwayes somewhat to them : to take away our hearts from them , as the deceitfulnes of riches , the vncertainty of riches , the riches of this world , and therfore like the world ; now here , & now gone , they either haue their own end , or our end . They make no man good , but they are euen like a penie purse , which is worth as much as the money that is in it : but the money taken out , it is nothing worth : euen so is the man that hath his good in his riches . When they are takē from him , he is worth nothing , he hath no good in him . God hath them not , and yet he wanteth no good thing . It is the common complaint , that the worst men doe most abound with them . Dauid was faine to goe to Nabal for them . Esau had foure hundred men ; when Iacob lay downe at his feet with a few . Sometimes indeed they doe good , but that is not sufficient to ground a Maxime ; they are good : for that which is good doth alwayes good . They haue a mixte nature retaining some vse as a blessing of their creation , and much euill by the fall of Adam . And they haue bene euer greater causes of harme then of good by occasion . And therfore saith a Father on the Prayer , Prou. 30. Lord giue me neither riches nor pouertie . Pouertie ( saith he ) hath bene the decay of many a man , but riches of a farre greater number . 3 Many desire that , which when they haue gotten , their conscience is afraide to vse . 4 Nothing is ours , but as we feele our title in Christ , and as it is sanctified by praier and by the word . 5 Manie are outwardly well and rich in this world , which are inwardly ill and poore in godlines , and many hate outward euill things , which for want of spirituall knowledge fee not the corruptions of the heart . 6 Though the hawthorns in spring-time haue a faire white flower , pleasant to the sense ; yet indeed , it is but a pricking thorne : so riches , glorious to the eye , by Christs own mouth are called thornes . They pricke both hand & heart . CHRIST hath spoken it in his time , and it is not to be thoght that they haue changed their own nature since . And though we feele not these pricks in the beginning , yet we shall find this true in the end . Though some die as swine in a ditch , as benummed , as men already plunged in the pit of hell ; yet haue others wished on their death-bed that they had neuer gone further then the shouell & spade . 7 There are two kindes of loue among vs , as may be gathered by our common talke : First , we say we loue our friends , that is , we would haue them doe well : Next , when wee be said to loue money , the meaning is , we wish to haue it . But let vs obserue , that whatsoeuer we loue , we wish the good of it . And the good of euery thing is the end . For which God hath created it to serue his glorie . For this cause the Prophets tell vs , that the wood and stones of our houses shall come and giue witnesse against vs at the great day , for turning them violently to another vse than God hath ordained them . Now the vse of riches is to be communicated : else God might haue made all rich . If we wisely note this ▪ we loue not riches , when we desire so greedily to haue and keepe them . None would be so loued of his friends as hee loues his meate , that is to be eaten and deuoured , as great men deuoure the poore and riches . 8 And to shewe that God is highly displeased with this immoderate loue of riches , hee punisheth it with itselfe ; hee doth punish a desire with a desire : As the Prophet Nathan saith . Thornes are folded one within another : So it is in the desire of riches , one desire followeth another . Such men are well compared to great Mastiues , who hauing receiued one morsell , swallowe it vp greedily , and waite for another . The holy Ghost compareth them to horsleaches , who sucke blood till they burst their skinnes . When men begin to be rich , their desire is infinite , and they like not their substance when it may be numbred or manifested . But we see Luk. 12 ▪ there is no other speech vsed of the rich man , then of most poore men : What shall I doo ? There is mention made of a beast in Daniel , ( and in that hee was a beast indeede ) which wept because there were no more worlds for him to ouercome : So is it with the couetous rich men . 9 It is no maruell if riches fill not the soule , for they were all made for man , his soule for GOD. Whatsoeuer is capable of God , that can neuer be satisfied with any thing else : all riches , all preferments cannot satisfie one soule , but when God is come it is full ; and whatsoeuer is added more it runneth ouer . Mans desire is like a burning fire , and riches are the wood and fuell , which may seeme to slake the fire for a time , but it will burne more vehemently afterward . The wise Preacher concludeth this , saying : Hee that loueth siluer shall not be satisfied with it , and hee that lovethriches shall be without the fruit thereof . Eccle. 5. 9. CHAP. X. Of Care , Couetousnesse , and Contentation . IT is no great thing for a man liuing on another mans charges , not to be couetous : but for one that hath wife and children , &c. for to rest vpon Gods prouidence , and to vse onely lawfull meanes with patience , this is an argument of Faith. So if death or age make vs carefully couetous and vnfit for heauenly exercises , we may soone see what faith is in vs. This triall must be diligently taken in prosperitie , least if we neglect it , our Faith doe faile vs in aduersitie . For if we doe not in the good day store vp our selues with comforts , we shall be emptie in the euill day when it commeth . If in prosperitie we set our delight on heauenly things , wee shall easily want earthly things , because wee neuer set our hearts on them . But if our delight be in riches● , then assuredly when they are taken from vs , our Faith must faile vs , because our ioy is taken away with our riches . Beware then of couetousnes , which is a sinne when all other sinnes waxe olde , this waxeth young in thee : for we see daily manie freed from other vices , yet fouly spotted with this . 2 We must take heede that we indent not with the Lord , but simplie giue vp our selues to him , and seeke the grace of God at all times , & with all our hearts , and let vs aske other things as it pleaseth him . For when we giue these outward things to the Lord , then will he soonest giue them vs againe . Salomon desired Wisedome , and God gaue him wisedome which his heart desired , and riches which his heart desired not . O happie man , if withal he desired the feare of the Lorde . Abraham gaue the Lord his sonne Isaak ; the Lorde then gaue Isaak to Abraham againe : So the readyest way to obtaine outward things at Gods hand , is to giue them vp to the hands of the Lord , not that we must commit them to the Lord with this condition , for that were to mocke the Lord , but with Abraham wee ought to giue them to him freely , without hope to receiue them againe ; and yet being content in respect of the Lordes glory and will , with the want of them : and then if they bee good for vs wee shall haue them , or else some spirituall grace , which with the better shall supplie the want . Therefore the carking and greedy care of these things , is left to the godlesse which are ignorant of the forgiuenesse of sinnes , and of Gods prouidence . 3. Wee may not aske earthly blessings as signes of Gods fauour : neither must wee esteeme the wants of these things as tokens of his displeasure . Againe , the Lord often keepeth these things from vs , for that wee would abuse them , and set more by them than by spirituall things : yea the Lord holdeth vs without these , that wee might esteeme his spirtuall graces the more , that so in his good time we may haue both together . 4 Wee must vse and not loue , that is , wee may not set our hearts on the creatures of God , 1. Cor. 7. 31. 5 Seeing saluation is our ende , all that hinders saluation , must bee cast off , whether it be marriage , farming , trying of oxen , or any other thing lawfull in it selfe , if euer it presse vs downe , Heb. 12. 1. 2. The soule is made for God , and therefore considering the very nature of the obiect , we had need haue a speciall vigilancie of our loue to any other thing . It is like a purgation which must be taken in quantitie , & in a certaine measure , that it purge not out as wel good humours as bad , and as there was first a couering of gold in the Arke , and then of Badgers skins ; so our more precious loue must be bestowed on God , his loue must chiefly possesse our heart . It is said , in the first Epistle to the Corinths . Doth God care for oxen ? Nay this is written for our instruction : and yet it is certaine that God doth care for oxen , but in respect of that care which he hath for man it is no care . So are wee to take no care of oxen in respect of him . CHAP. IX . Of our generall and speciall calling . CHrist doth passe by vs , see vs , and call vs , when wee little respect him . In law cases , and pointes of Physicke we goe with our best feete , wee will doe all our selues , or els sue by some speciall friend to them , who can farre lesse profite vs than Christ can : but in Christianitie , vnlesse Christ himselfe come and ring a loud peale in our eares , wee neuer vouchsafe to be Christians . It is therefore well with vs that Christ so comes to call sinners to repentance : for hee may come from heauen and returne againe oftē , before we seeke him or cal vpon him . It is well therfore that Christ would come to cal sinners to repentance , for he may come from heauen , and goe to heauen againe , ere we will call h●● . Indeede we read of certaine poore diseased men in their bodies constrained by outward paine , and some hypocrites , who rather to boast than beg holines , came to Christ But who els would ? Surely one that said he would follow Christ wheresoeuer hee went , but when he said so , he had thought he would not haue gone farre : he looked for better lodging than Christ was able to afford him . And when hee sawe that , he could giue him leaue to walke alone , and when he saw Christ to haue none of the great buildings in Hierusalem , he would goe no further with him than the townes end . 2 It is certaine ▪ Paradise is our natiue Countrie , and wee in this world be as exiles and as strangers : wee dwell here as in Meshech , and as in the tents of Kedar , and therefore wee be glad to be at home . The path and high way to our countrie is the path of Gods commaundement : We stray when wee bend to superstition or prophanenesse . The Lord hath appointed his word our load-star and cloudy pillar to conduct vs to the land of promise , and hath instituted faith to attend vpon the word ; but the diuell hath substituted carnall reason , but if wee deliberate long with carnall reason , wee shall hardly or neuer come to Paradise . 3 If we must haue reason to hearken and to obey the calling of Christ , let vs remember and consider : Christ hath followed vs , and therefore we ought to follow him . Christ hath gone far out of the way to make pursuite after vs ( for what neede had he to stir out of heaven ) and therefore we must goe after him . The Sonne of man came to seeke that which was lost , and therefore by good proportion wee that are lost should seeke him . The analogie is good , for seeking requires seeking . Elizabeth said to Mary the mother of Christ , comming to ●●● e●er . Whereof commeth it that the mother of my Lord should come to me ? If Elizabeth esteemed so reuerently the comming of Mary vnto her , much more may we say , whereof commeth it that my Lord the redeemer of the world should come vnto me ? 4. The Lord doth often cast out men , by decay of gifts : as they pray , Psal. 137. If I forget thee O Ierusalem , then let my right hand forget her cunning . Wee see this daily : So long as men serue God in their callings ; and apply their gifts to his glorie , so long their gifts are good and receiue an increase ; but they are soone washt away , when wee vse them not , or if we vse them not aright . 5 When Moses was in his calling , the Lord called him againe . So Dauid , and the shepheards to whom Christs birth was reuealed . Our calling makes vs fit for the Lord , & helps against the Diuell and his temptations : and idlenesse yeelds occasion and matter for sinne and Sathan to surprise vs. So long as we walke in our wayes , the Angels haue charge ouer vs , Psal. 91. but if wee goe astray they forsake vs. 6 Many are hastie to vndertake a matter , but afterwards faint in following it . Wee may not be rash to enter into any calling if wee will discharge it with conscience . Examples for this are , Moses Ieremy , &c. They can teach vs that we take no calling vpō vs without commandement , that we thinke nor too wel of ourselues , that we attend the Lords calling , and when he calleth vs , and hath giuen vs gifts to testifie his calling , let vs trust in his power and feare no danger , for he is all in all in vs. 7 Moses had infirmities of speech , and yet the Lord vsed his ministery : wherefore wee may not for euery infirmitie be drawne from our callings ; neither if wee minde to take a calling vpon vs must we refuse it , though all things do not answere our desires . How be it if we want that which is most essentiall and pertinent ; as in a minister learning , and the wisedome of the Spirit , we must be wary how we enter in . Our infirmities are left in vs for our further humiliation , and that Gods holy worke may the better appeare . 8 Wee must be well perswaded of the truth of our calling , as well to Christianitie as to any other particular calling : so troubles shall not moue vs , nor feares disquiet vs. If wee doubt , we soone faint , but then let vs behold him that is inuisible , as Moses Heb. 11. 26 ▪ and then no sight nor euill shall dismay vs. 9 It were to bee wished that euery man would search his owne heart whereunto in affection and action he is most seruiceable to God , and profitable to his brethren , and to pursue specially this gift most carefully and continually , yet without pride in all humilitie . 10 The Lord loueth our obedience , but so that it be in our callings . 11 When Christ calleth vs to heauen , wee must follow him through the wildernesse of this world Hee must be our guide and goe before , and we must follow after . Many make strange to follow his call , they will not giue vp their names , they wil ( it may be ) goe before him , or euen by him , or cheeke by cheeke , but they will not follow after . And wherefore ? Surely they will doe all with reason . But Christ requireth faith ; and reason to Christ , is a very euill seruingman . A great number already taught in the word , will not follow it , but if any thing proceed from the forge of their own reason , that they magnifie , that they wil follow . So Ezech. 20. certaine prophets would not follow God and his word , but their own spirits ; and yet there is no greater ods in the world than betweene our owne reason and Gods wisedome , as Esa. 55. My thoughts ( saith the Lord ) are not as your thoughts . Well , if wee will follow Christ , wee must follow him , not as a great Lord , to graunt vs great leases , fat farmes , or high towers , but as a man contemned , as the reproch of the world , as a man full of sorrowes : Christ hath two crownes , the one of thornes , the other of glorie , he that wil be honoured with the last , must be humbled with the first . CHAP. XII . Of Conference , and Godly wisedome in the gouernment of the tongue . AS we often speake of things lawfull , but yet for want of wisedome to examine the time , place and persons , when , where , and with whom we talke , Sathan laboureth to make vs strict & silent in our speech , when often we might speake to Gods glorie , to the auoyding of which temptation , we must endeuour to speake when God giueth occasion , and that with thankefull acknowledging of Gods spirituall grace , by the motion whereof we speake : as also with humble acknowledgement of our weakenes , who being measured with Gods iustice , we should be found to haue stained our speeches and Gods graces with great corruptions , and to faile in many circumstances . How be it , if we do it in a single heart , and euen because we loue Gods word , and in zeale of Gods glorie : we may boldly speake , committing the successe which on vs ( if we obserued all circumstances ) did not depend , to the omnipotencie of God , to the blessing of Christ , and to the working of the holy spirit ; for we being neither God , nor Christ , nor Angels , must not thinke to preuaile of our selues , by our speeches , nor stay vntill we thinke our selues most fit , but cōmend our hearts to the Lord , who vndoubtedly spareth weakelings . 2 Being Christians , we must not stay our selues in our meetings for others to begin good speeches , but if God giue vs any good thing in our mindes , let vs with all humblenes put it forth to be examined ; if we feele nothing , let vs complaine of our dulnesse and deadnesse : euen thereby we shal giue occasion of good conference . For as in silence among euil men one euill word setteth abroch many , so in deadnes among good men , one good word may quicken many . 3 It were to be wished , that godly men in their meetings would first by prayer offer vp their speeches to God to vse them aduisedly , reuerently , and not passing their bounds of knowledge : and if they could not speake of any thing , yet they should aske some thing : if they could not aske , yet they might speake of the communion of Saints : if they could say nothing , yet at the least they should complaine of the dulnes of their mind ; so that of their dulnes and deadnes should arise quicknesse and life of speech againe . 4 We must be carefull in vsing , and watchfull in restraining the tongue . Dauid prayed for a watch before his tongue , and for a porter at the doore of his lips , he would keepe his mouth with a bridle , that it should not go riot nor open oft without a cause . The eie glaunceth , our hands slip , our foote treads awry ; yet if we hold our tongue qualified , we shall doe the better . It is a little peece of flesh , small in quantitie but mightie in qualitie ; it is soft , but slipperie ; it goeth lightly , but falleth heauily ; it striketh soft , but woundeth sore ; it goeth out quickly but burneth vehemently ; it pierceth deepe , and therefore not healed speedily ; it hath libertie granted easily to goe forth , but it will finde no meanes easily to returne home . It is compared with perillous things , to a sharpe two edged sword , to a razor , to sharpe arrowes , to an Adders sting , to the poyson of an Aspe , to fierie coales , and being once enflamed by Sathans bellowes , to the fire of hell . CHAP. XIII . Of the Church . THe Papist of pride , the Familie of loue of hypocrisie , and many of singularitie haue singled themselues from vs , as Hymenaeus did . But we are little discouraged , and lesse follow it . For if they separate themselues as stones from the building , and as members from the body , what hope is there of them ? The Papists will say , we forsake them , and not they vs. We forsake them in the wall , they vs in the foundation . For our faith was before their opinion , though their persons were before ours . As Noah forsooke the world , as Lot forsooke Sodome , as Abraham forsooke Aegypt , as our Sauiour Christ forsooke the Pharisies : so wee for sake them , and Christ shall be the iudge , who hath bene the runnagate , who hath bene the Apostata . 2 Behold a miracle , heauen made subiect to the earth ! O what is man that thou art so mindfull of him , not onely to giue him the rule of the earth , but euen of heauen ? Whom the Church doth loose on earth , the Lord doth loose in heauen ; and whome the Church hath bound on earth , he also hath bound in heauen . Hee doth manie things without vs , yet when we haue done this , he will not alter it , nor doe otherwise . 3 Albeit the Church be base and contemptible in the world , yet hee counteth it as the apple of his eye . The earth , the aire , and the heauens attended on it , and hee hath made the Angels to serue it . Hee hath committed his treasures to it . And what bee his treasures ? Surely , when Dauid commeth to value it , hee saith that it is better than golde , than much golde , than much fine golde , than all pretious stones . The word of reconciliation , the couenant of grace , the broade seales of his kingdome , Baptisme and the Lords Supper , binding and loosing , life and death are left and committed to the Church and her holy Ministers . 4 The Church is euen the quintessence of the world , such as Sathan hath sifted to the proofe : it is euen washed and made cleane with the bloud and water which issued out of Christs side . It seemeth hee forgot to loue himselfe that hee might loue vs ; yea if that one death and suffering had not beene sufficient , hee would yet once more come againe for vs. 5 It is one thing to liue where meanes of pure worship are wanting ; another to bee where false worship is erected : for the first we are not to flie the Church , but by prayer and patience to stay the Lordes mercie : for the other , wee must depart because of that abomination . 6 The world is as the Lords great chamber , whereunto all are admitted : the Church is as the chamber of presence . The natiuitie of the Church is a greater worke then the creation of the world . The world was finished with a Word , but many dayes and many yeares did the Lord trauell , before the Church could be brought forth to his good liking . Hee shooke the earth , darkened the heauens , turned the whole course of nature , before he had framed and set vp the little Church of the Iewes . But in gathering the Church of the Gentiles , the Sunne became blacke as a pot , the Heauens were couered as with a haire-cloth , the vayle of the temple rent , the earth trēbled , the graues opened , & aboue all , the GOD of nature suffered . But of all , the third gathering shall be fearfull : when heauen and earth shall not abide to see , but shall melte and consume away at the glorifying of that Church , which the world so contemneth : & yet on this Church hangeth the continuance of the world . For certaine it is the world standeth , and all the foure windes are stopped till all be sealed ; and in that moment that this number is filled , this world shall out of hand vanish away . 7 In the world wee doe ( as it were ) but see the Lords backe parts : we see him , as a thing in a troubled well , dwelling but in the neather and outward courtes of the Temple , but in the Church we see him almost face to face . 8 That mightie Sampson suffered himselfe to be shauen , and his strength to bee as another mans for the great loue of his Church : hee shed his precious blood from all parts of his bodie for it : and that no bloud might be too deare for vs , with his heart bloud he hath testified , how much he doth loue vs , his loue and spouse the Church of the faithfull . 9 It is true that the Psalmist saith , Psal. 16. the Lord hath no neede of our seruice , and therefore he hath set ouer his loue to the Chuch , there to be answered vnto her in obedidience , & furtherance of his members ; there he would haue it seene , how we value his benefits . All blessings are continued on this earth for the Church sake . The Sun doth shine vpon the earth , vpon the iust and vniust ; but vpon the vniust for the iust mans sake . 10 The Church is the household of faith , the citie of the liuing GOD , the spouse of the Lamb CHRIST , the kings daughter , the childrē of light , & of the liuing God , the children of promise , & of the freewoman , a chosen generation , a royall priesthood , an holy nation , people gotten by purchase , the mysticall body of Christ , the sold of the Prince of Pastors , the virgin Israel , the children of Abraham , the elect seede of God , heires of grace , ioynt heires with Christ , the Sanctuary of the Lord , the daughter of Sion : the Lords heritage , the people of his pasture , the sheepe of his hands , the temple of the holy Ghost , the price of his blood , the Lords Eden . Thrice blessed and happy are al the liuing stones of the most beautifull building . Confer Psal. 147. 2. 3. 1. Pet. 2. 9. 10. Phil. 3. 8. Ephes. 2. 19. 20. 1. Thes. 2. 19. 20. 2. Cor. 3. 2. 2. Cor. 6. 11. 12. 1. Thes. 2. 8. Rom. 9. 3. Reuel . 21. 10. CHAP. XIIII . Of the Confession of sinne . THis is a good affection of Christianitie , to conceale a fault ; and this also is a good affection of men regenerate , to testifie their faults to all men , whereby they make knowne their thankefulnesse , in that whereas by nature they were thus , by grace they are so and so . Againe , men vse it to comfort others , that though they bee in their old estate , yet they may receiue grace , if they hinder not themselues , and shut out the grace of God from them . Thus the children of God are wont to aggrauate their sinnes , that others might haue comfort in the like case . Matthew in the ninth chapter and the ninth verse , shameth himselfe by the name of a Publican : and yet if we looke to his sinne , it was not like the sinne of Peter against the ninth commaundement : nor like the sinne of Dauid against the sixe and seuenth commaundements , the sinne of Paul against the first , as of them that crucified Christ himselfe . But that which he concealeth , the other Euangelists blase abroad ; that which they conceale he blaseth abroad . And this is one argument of the truth of the word : for wheras other Chronicles do euer cōmend themselues and their owne natiue countries best ( as if you read the Chronicles of England , you will thinke it the hest nation ) it is contrary in the word : the deniall of Peter is more expresly set downe of Marke , than of any other , yet did he write the Gospell out of his mouth . Paul setteth out his own faults in more sharpe measure and manner , than any other can doe , Act. 26. Moses , Gen. 49. seemeth to discredit his owne birth : Wee see all these were of God , who is then most glorified when we are most cast downe . 2 As the hiding of our sinne with Adam hindreth mercie ; so to testifie our sinne to be greater than it is , ( with Cain ) displeaseth God highly . 3 Confession without yeelding and feeling is nothing but a testimonie against our selues : let vs then so confesse , that it may moue vs to loue the truth . 4 Pharaohs confession is rather in iudgement than in affection , in respect of the punishment , not of his sin , ergo it is not enough : & yet he hath profited further than many of vs , which will not confesse our sinnes at all . 5 Whensoeuer we haue sinned , it is good to haue this or the like meditation : good Lord , wilt thou call me to iudgement and enter thine action with mee ? How shall I doe then ? I will take this order ; I will disagree and fall out with my selfe . But is there any hope that God will then shewe mercy ? Yea no doubt , for if the Lord were minded presently to imprison vs , he would neuer by his prophets forewarne vs by a writ , hee might vse the whole host of the creatures , to execute his vengeance euery houre , but hee deales more mercifully with vs if we confesse our sinnes . 6 Naturally we be all slowe to confesse our sinnes : we cast short reckoning on our owne faults , Adam said , I haue not sinned Lord : hee lesseneth his sinne in conceit , saying : The woman gaue it me , and I did eate : Iob seemeth to make an apologie , as being vnworthy of such a punishment . But wee must learne that a sinner the more hee doth extenuate and hide sinne , the more he doth aggrauate sinne , and hasten iudgement : the more freely he doth confesse and iudge himselfe , the more he is freed from Gods seate of iustice . Pro. 28. 13. 2. Cor. 11. 31. 32. CHAP. XV. Of Conscience . LOoke how is our Conscience , so is our confidence : it is a tender peece , we must beware how we offer any violence to it . For the veriest reprobate hath his reprehender , which if hee doth not satisfie , it will deliuer him to the Iaylor . From this euill conscience we must be sprinkled in our hearts , first with faith in the blood of the Lambe , determining that wee will neuer defile the house of God againe : and though wee cannot doe all good , yet let vs desire all good , for the Lord iudgeth according to the purpose ; not according to the performance ; according to the affect , not by the effect . And yet we must not stay in this It stāds vs vpon to vse the meanes , that wee may be masters of vertues : Hell is ful of purposes , but not of performances Look therfore to thy conscience , for it is a brasen wall , and as a thousand witnesses often to vrge this particular syllogisme : Who so sinneth must die : thou hast sinned : ergo , &c. Adam hauing eaten of the forbidden fruite , was in paradise still , but all the ioyes therein were notable to comfort his conscience , vntill being found gasping and panting , he was comforted of the Lord. 2 We must euer desire the light of Gods louing countenance , which wee may be assured of , if wee keepe faith and a good conscience ; but if we make shipwracke of these , the least thing shall greatly amaze vs , yea the shaking of a leafe : but if we haue this , nothing shall dismay vs. Wherefore let others put their trust in chariots , yet if we trust in the Lord. we shall not feare what man can doe vnto vs. This will take away confidence in the flesh , and make vs trust onely in God. 3 For examining a mans conscience ; the best way is by the law to trie whether hee hath a knowledge , feeling , and misliking of his sins or no : whether hee hath any feare of Gods iudgements for sin , or faith in his promises : and whether by particular applying of these things to himselfe , he can shew any effects of prayer , Sacraments , new birth & repentance . 4 Wee must especially beware of smothering the watchword of our conscience , when we are bent to sinne . Care of a good conscience , breedeth comfort in holinesse ; and pleasure in holinesse breedes assurance of blessednesse . 5 Wee haue great peace , but no true peace , vntill we turne to God : vntill the Israelites would serue God , Pharaoh let them alone , but afterward he prepares for them , brick , lime , and a fornace : so long as wee are quiet in sinne , all is well ; but if once wee defie sinne , then the diuell will heate a fornace for vs : yea he will rather than he would leese vs , giue wages to vs , as he did to Iudas . Hereof it is , that so long as we haue no sense of sinne , we can eate , drinke , and sleepe quietly , but when once we make conscience of sin , then comes trouble and vexation of minde , which worldly minded men would maruell at : But they are at peace with the diuell ; for were they not at peace , they should be put out of his seruice . But doth not the Lord say , The wicked haue no peace ? Esay . 57. True it is , they haue no peace with God and with their own consciences , albeit they haue great peace with the fleshe , and world , and the diuell . The peace of the wicked is like an harnesse vnoccupied , to a vineyard neuer stirred , to a ground neuer ploughed : they are neuer surbushed with crosses , but rust vpon the walles ; yet farre better were it for them to be disquieted , and haue their fallow hearts broken and rent vp . The holy Ghost saith , that the iust man shall haue peace at the last : So that there is a first peace , and that is a truce for a fewe dayes : and there is another peace at the last , which followeth our warre , and this brings glorie and immortalitie . Saul would needes haue peace with men , and therefore brake peace with God ; but afterward he lost his peace with God and men . The Iewes refused peace with Christ , to haue peace with the Romanes ; but when they had slaine Christ , they lost their peace with God and the Romanes also . Wherefore let vs labour for that peace which passeth vnderstanding , and for that euerlasting peace . 6 We cannot sodainly and effectually worke vpon a mans conscience , vnlesse God permit vs sometime to dwell vpon his conscience . 7 A man shall neuer be brought to be iealous ouer his own corrupt affection , vntill the Lord hath stricken his conscience with some feare of his maiestie , which dispelleth al wicked imaginations . 8 We must specially beware of sins against knowledge and conscience : for as of all the parts of the body nothing is so subiect to hurt as the eye : so nothing is sooner wounded than the conscience : it will not abide any pricking , the least thrust or violence will impaire it ; it is a tender place , and is very tendernesse it selfe . The learned Physitions say there is a thing that is hard like a web in the eye , wherewith the eye being affected , euen it of al parts being most sensible , is made most vnsensible . Such a thing may be in the conscience , so if that once this hard skin be ouerspred the conscience , that place which of al other in it own nature is most tender , groweth to be most hard ; & that hardnes proueth to be more hard than the hardnes of Pharaoh ; and their estate is worse than if they had neuer knowne God , I meane if they haue once had a possession of good things , and after loose it , they haue a ●inde on their eye , and of all men they see the least : for if they loose their tendernesse and harde● themselues , then God hardeneth them too , and that it is a fearefull obduration . 9 〈…〉 d doth not so seuerely punish particular deserts , but a generall falling into s 〈…〉 smaller infirmities , but grosser presumptions : for the particular sin bringeth not wrath , but the lying in the sinne , and not repenting of it , bringeth wrath : which drawing in other sinnes , withal draweth also Gods displeasure . So that one sin may be said to be spared and also punished : spared , if being admonished we be humbled , as Dauid by Nathan . 2. Sam. 12. Iehosaphat by Iehu 2. Chron. 19. 2. because in this wee seeke not to drawe in other sinnes , but to be rid of this one punishment : where notwithstanding all merciful admonitions , and sower threatnings , we still lye in sinne , and tye sinne to sinne , and so make away to Gods iudgement to fal on vs : Wherefore we may comfort our selues for particular sins , so that in the generall course of our life we labour truly to please God. For as a louing husband doth not take away his loue from his wife , though in some particulars of her obedience and dutie she faileth , so long as she keepeth her loue chast and true to him : so the louing kindnesse of the Lord will not cast off his children for some particular weaknesse or frailtie in speciall commandements , so long as in sincere loue to his maiestie , wee seeke to obey him . CHAP. XVI . Of Censure and Correction . MAny thinke to priuiledge themselues from the name of Sinners , by reading largely and reprehending plentifully the sinnes of other men , counting it a compendious way to credite by building gorgeously on another mans discredit and ruine . 2 Flesh and blood will ease it selfe ; superiours looke to inferiours , and inferiours to superiours , but euery man must looke to himselfe . 3 As an house being on fire , if it may bee quenched , it is best to vse water onely ; but if it bee like to endanger and set on fire the houses rounde about , it is best to pull downe the house quickely : so if offence being raised , it may bee quenched with water , vse water , and let the house stand still ; but if fire burst out on euery side , then pull it downe . When the Viper will still bee a Viper , and retaine his poyson , though the charmer charme neuer so wisely , the Apothecary takes him , and makes a Triacle of him , to expell poyson out of others : so if a brother will not be admonished , if he will not leaue his poyson , make triacle of him ; that he that would not take heede of others , should bee made a preseruatiue for other to beware by him : if euill will not be taken from one in Israel , then take away the euill out of whole Israel , If we must needes see somewhat dead , it is better to see a dead arme than a dead corpes . When men will harden themselues , God in his iudgement makes them as an adamant : and when they grow so hard , it is good to cast them out . 4 We are giuen to display euery sinne , yea the least in others , and to conceale and bury many graces , yea the best in others . 5 Such as be fallen must be restored with the spirit of wisedome and lenitie : Such as be falling must be vpholden by al good meanes speedily , least they fal so dangerously as that then cannot be recouered . 6 In an euill report or vniust censures of men , it is not good straightway to be angry , but to fly to Gods prouidence , and to desire to profit by them . 7 Because we do not to men that good which we should doe , God often suffereth them to report and speake euill of vs. 8 Though we may be discouraged to deale in exhorting or dehorting , admonishing or reprouing , or any ecclesiasticall and Christian dutie ; yet being called of God , we must aske wisedome of him , who will send wisedome to blesse his owne ordinance . 9 It is a dangerous thing to haue a proud spirit with a vaine minde . 10 The drunken peace of hypocrites , must not be suppled with oyle , but pierced with a speare . 11 If we be reproued for sinne of man , let vs feare the reproofe of God. It is our great corruption , that wee are sooner brought to leaue a sinne when man doth rebuke vs once , than when God doth threaten vs often . 12 It is a good thing sometime to haue enemies . For we often are more afraid to sinne , least our enemies should reproue vs , than wee make conscience of sinne , least God should condemne vs. 13 Although the wicked speake euill of vs , let vs be content : indeede a good name is better than a precious ointment , but remember that the Lord had made vs all priests , and therefore let vs offer vp our good name to his glory , and if the wicked will bring coales of iuniper , let vs sacrifice vp our good names , and with Paul let vs say , I esteeme it the least thing in the world to be iudged of you : it is the Lord that iudgeth , and there is a blessing propounded for them that are so euil spokē of . But there are foure hundred Prophets that speak against you , are they all deceiued ? Many eyes see more than one . True , if it be spoken of the like : for one Eagles eye seeth more than a thousand owles eyes : and as Salomon saith , One man that feareth God , is better than a thousand sinners . And Paul saith , what haue I to doe with them that are without ? God shall iudge them . Vpon which words a learned man biddeth vs obserue , how the Apostle accounts euil men as nothing : wherefore seeing the wicked are so vile and so vaine , one is better then many of them , therfore their censures and calumniations not to be regarded . CHAP. XVII . Of Ceremonies , things indifferent , and of turning Christian libertie into vnchristian licentiousnesse . AS it is a fault to vse vnnecessary ceremonies which with the peace of the Church may be left : so it is faultie to leaue a good ceremonie , which hath a good vse and no superstition with it . 2 The Lord commanded , Exod. 16. 33. an Homer full of Manna to bee reserued as a monument for posteritie . And so it was kept by the Lords commandement , and therefore not abused to superstition , as the brasen Serpent and Gedeons Ephod : which because they were without Gods commandement reserued , therefore they were quickly abused . But this Manna and the Alter which the Rubenites made , hauing a warrant of Gods commandement , were not abused . Where we learne , that in bringing in ceremonies and rites into the Church , wee ought to thinke , that if they haue not their warrant from the word of the Lord they are like to be vsed without fruit ; and in danger to be turned to hurtful superstition : but if they haue their warrant from the word of God , that the Lorde hath commaunded them , then may they haue very profitable vses in Gods Church . And they shall neuer be so much abused to doe hurt , as they shall bee profitable in the right vse of them . And therefore in bringing in ceremonies and orders we must aske counsell of the Lord , that his word may be our warrant . 3 The more ceremonies the lesse truth . 4 This is a generall rule , whatsoeuer separateth man from God , or man from man , is abrogated : but whatsoeuer conioyneth man to God , or man to man , is left still . In this respect the whole Law is abrogated , according to the rigour of the curse , for otherwise wee could not stand before God : So in Christ now hauing found reconciliation we are more bound to keepe the law morall then the Iewes , because Gods commandements are more cleerely reuealed , and greater strength is now giuen against sinne , therefore nothing is taken from the law that we should be carelesse : but the curse and condemnation of the law is done away , that wee may haue an entrance to God with boldnes . Whatsoeuer separateth man from man , is abrogated ; and so the ceremoniall law is abrogated : that which is meerely ceremoniall , is meerely abrogated : and that which is in part ceremoniall , is in part onely abrogated , as the Sabbath . 5 The Apostle , 1. Tim 4. 1. prophecieth of certaine spirits of error , which should superstitiously forbid the vse of Christian libertie : but 2. Tim. 3. he speaketh of another sort , who among many other properties should be louers of pleasures more then louers of God. The former are said to be in the last times , but these in the last daies , one degree further thē the other , And such be wee and our times , long rid from that superstitious generation : but readie now ( as it is saide , Deut. 29. 19. ) to adde drunkennesse to thirst , which commeth to passe for want of circumspectnes in deliuering the doctrine of libertie . And so wee fall to make Paul , Galat. 5. and Peter a cloake of our licentious life . Wee turne the grace of God into wantonnesse , ( as Iude speaketh . ) This then being as it were the common disease of these last and perillous dayes : the ministers of the Gospell must stand vp as in a gap , and euery one is to be watchfull ouer himselfe , that he sinke not away in these pleasures , which seeme to cheere & bring good to the heart ; but such a good as maketh the graces of God in some to come to nothing , and withdraweth many away from Paradise , a place of pleasure , to hell a place of torments . You know who it was , that seeing so many young Gentlemen follow Epicurus at his first setting vp , saide the cause was , it was young mens philosophie that was professed in that schoole . For this cause Sathan laboureth especially to poyson this age , because he knoweth if this be barren of good , that which followeth is like to be thereafter . Satan and his ministers haue for euery age , estate , and condition , a sundrie baite ; laying for Youth the baite of pleasure , for Age the bayte of couetonsnes , &c. Euery man is eatē vp with one zeale or other : there is a zeale of old age , middle age , & of youth . Euery man may trie his zeale by the ninth of Esa. ver . 7. The zeale of the Lord of hosts will performe this . It was the zeale of God , that he gaue his sonne for vs , his most dearely beloued sonne : it is then one argument of our zeale to any thing , when wee will forgoe a pretious thing , for the thing we professe to loue indeed . Esau was zealous for his meate , when hee would lose his blessing for it : and such is our zeale of pleasure , that wee will forgoe learning , time , the fauour of the godly , health of bodie , yea , sometimes our owne soules for it . 6. It hath bin alwaies the note of false prophets to preach pleasant things , and for outward matters , as the Priests of Iezabel . And Micah . chap. 2 speaketh of false Prophets , that prophesied of meate and strong drinke . Peter saith , they praise liberty : and Paul , They can reason for the bellie : All thing● ( say they ) are lawfull : but on the other side , Gods children haue bene alwaies in the way of restraining . 1. King 19. Eliah ate , and gaue ouer ▪ and fell asleepe , so that the Angell was sent to bid him eate more . It is not the f●ult of many . For we haue neede of an Angell to keepe vs from eating . Timothie abstained from wine , and Paul biddeth him to vse it for the weakenesse of his stomacke . Salomon reclaimeth yong men , Eccle. 11. When Iobs children meane to banquet in course , he feareth least they curse God. The austeritie of the Fathers was very great concerning meates , as of Basil , & Hierome ▪ that it gaue occasion to the superstitious abstinence which followed . But now the latter times are gone and the last daies are come . Superstition is past , but men glut themselues with all Epicurisme and pleasures of this life . 7 Christians are neither Stoicks nor Epicures : Paul disputeth against both , Act. 17. The Stoicke condemnes all pleasure , the Epicure commends all pleasures . Pleasure is not good according to our election , but in respect of the obiect : if the obiect or matter wherein our pleasure consisteth be simply good , then the pleasure is simply good : if the obiect be simply euill , our pleasure is simply euill . But pleasures by nature being good , and bad by circumstance ; they are not left as things indifferent to our election . CHAP. XVIII . Godly meditations concerning Christs power against Sathan , loue to the faithfull : and how he is our wisedome , righteousnesse , holinesse : and of our communion with him . CHrist careth for vs , we must not feare a strōg enemie , because we haue a stronger Captaine . The Diuell indeed is a Lion , but so is Christ a Lion , and that of the tribe of Iudah : There is a Lion for a Lion ; courage for courage . The diuell is a Serpent , so Christ calleth himselfe the brasen Serpent : there is a Serpent for a Serpent ; wisedome for wisedome ; yea a Serpent of brasse , to sting all the fierie Serpents of the wildernesse . But thou saist , that Christ is called a Lambe and a worme . B● not discouraged , that is in respect of his Father , who found him as meeke as a Lambe , who might haue troden on him as on a worme : but the diuell neuer found him a Lambe , but a Lion. The meeknes of Christ is stronger than all the power of hell , Ioh. 18. When the diuell seemed to be in his ruffe , he sends a great crew to take a sillie man : when he told them it was he whom he sought ; this little word cast them downe . What shall he doe then in glorie , when he commeth with thousands of Angels ? This then is the conclusion : the diuell is strong , but Christ is stronger , and chaineth him at his pleasure : The diuell is wise , but Christ is wiser , and preuenteth him in all his practises . 2 They that will haue a true faith in Christ , must beleeue in the ends , and in the mercies of our saluation . The ends are , that Christ is made of God vnto vs , wisedome , righteousnesse , sanctification , & redemption . Art thou afraide that thou shalt goe out of thy wits , because thou fearest sinne ? Are thy cogitations confounded ? Seest thou no knowledge , no not so much as a litterall knowledge of thy saluation , but all is doubtfulnes , all is dulnesse , all is deadnes within thee , as though thou neuer knewest , heardest , or learnedst any thing ? Now know , now is the time to beleeue , that whatsoeuer knowledge , experience & power of vnderstanding was in Christ Iesu , the same is made thine ; he is the annointing that will teach thee , he is the Fathers counsellor , he is wonderful , he hath the knowledge of all mysteries , he is the spirituall interpreter of the law , vnto whom as the Fathers did approach more neerely , so they did see the power of the law more cleerely . He is our wisedome : both the teacher and the thing taught . Hast thou some good measure of knowledge , and yet thy life in no part being agreeable , nor proportionable to thy knowledge ; thou art sore troubled for not walking in the waies of righteousnesse , thou feelest no goodnesse , thou thinkest thy selfe as a Sere tree without all fruite ? Now remember that Christ Iesus who had no holinesse by the flesh , by being borne of his mother , who saued great sinners , and made of persecutors preachers , would not haue thee to seeke for great things in the flesh , seeing himselfe got so little thereby , but would haue thee seeke thy righteousnesse out of thy selfe in him : who being no sinner indeed was an accounted sinner , and punished as a sinner for thee ; that thou hauing no righteousnesse , mightest be accounted righteous , and rewarded as righteous through him . Well it may be , God hath giuen thee to walke so vprightly , as the world can in nothing charge thee : but thou fearest thy naturall corruption , that thou shalt not perseuere , thou tremblest to remember how many excelling thee in gifts and graces of the Spirit , haue fallen away from the truth , and thinkest all is but hypocrisie , and that thy hypocrisie will one day beguile thee , now call to minde that CHRIST is made to thee holinesse , not as newe Moses to follow , but as a true Messiah to belieue in , the worker , author , and finisher of thy holines : So that albeit in respect of thy selfe to perseuere , it seemes impossible , yet with him it is both possible and easie . What if thou hadst a multitude of sinnes , that thy corruption did swell till it burst ? Mary Magdalen had seuen Spirits , and yet of all women she was most deuout , most louing , most honourd to haue the first sight of Christs resurrection . What if thou hast bin a brawned and infamous sinner , so that the name of sinne hath bene notoriously written in thy forehead ? the Lord Iesus called and crowned Matthew the Publican with the dignitie of an Euangelist . What if thy sin had taken a purple die and crimson colour in the blood of the Saints ? Paul of a most grieuour persecuter of Christ , was made a most glorious preacher of Christ. It may be thou fearest the corruption drawne from thy natiue countrey , the Cretians were conuerts , and the Corinthians became Christians . It may be yet thine hereditarie , and naturall corruptions cause thee to despaire of comfort : consider the Lord can change the nature of a Wolfe into the nature of a Lambe , & the course of a corrupt nature in thee to the power of a supernaturall grace . Oh there is one thing that troubles thee , many promises , fewe performed . Thou lookest for peace of minde , and behold a wound of the Spirit ; thou art the Lord of the whole earth , and the heire of heauen , and yet hast not wherwith to helpe thy necessitie : thou art a Lord of libertie , and yet put in prison . All this I graunt , & yet in all this Christ is thy redemption ; not suffering thee to be ouercome of any of these in thy life , and who lie freeing thee from them in the life to come . Admit that thou werst cruelly persecuted , cannot he , that made the fire not to burne at all the children in the furnace , make the fire so easily to consume thee , as thou shalt comfortably beare it ? Will not he that made the Lyons being hungry , not once to open their mouthes on Daniel , to crush thee so gently , that thou shalt willingly sustaine it ? Now the meanes are the Word , Prayer , the Sacraments , and discipline of the Church . The Word euen crucifieth Christ a new in thine hart , Prayer giueth thee a feeling of thy faith , the Sacraments confirme both thy faith and feeling ; and discipline continueth vs in the obedience , both of the Word , and of Prayer , and of the Sacraments , and consequently , is a meanes to continue vs in all those comforts , which by the other meanes are to be found in Christ. 3 Thou must euer beware of two extremities : The one , that thou labour not so for righteousnes , that thou forget CHRIST to be thy holinesse ; the other , that thou so trauell not for holinesse , as that thou shouldest not remember him also to be thy righteousnes . And so behaue thy selfe in both , that thou beest most righteous in Christ , & yet thou must endeuour also to be holy , and though thou beest neuer so holy , yet know thou standest in neede of the righteousnes of Christ. Now to come to these things , thou must diligently attend on the word , whereby Christ Iesus is crucified a fresh in thine heart , on prayer , which worketh a feeling of thy Faith , on the Saints , which confirme thy Faith , and increase thy feeling . 4 CHRIST hath made vs inheriters of his kingdome , which he holdeth by two titles , first by inheritance , then by purchase . As he obtained by inheritance , hee reserueth that title to himselfe alone , but whatsoeuer he hath had by purchase , hee hath giuen vs the title of it . And not only this doth he giue vs , but also the graces of the spirit , though not to one all , nor to all in one measure . An afflicted minde seeing one of the children of God , haue this , another that gift , is grieued that he hath not all . It is an error , Christ giueth not to one all , but deuideth all among many . But there is one speciall grace which I cannot haue , and that is feeling . Hast thou faith ? blessed art thou that belieuest , and that without feeling . Doe you belieue ? you haue a rich gift , you must not haue all . If you haue any gifts , it is well , the gifts are diuided . Be content with thy portion , and I say vnto thee , that thy Faith without feeling , is more precious to God , thē thy faith with feeling . If by thy faith thou hast made the diuell a drone , that he cannot sting , and a toothles dog that he cannot bite , it is sufficient . Content thy selfe with thy portion , vntill the Lord come from heauen , vntill hee be all in all , and then thou shalt haue all ioy in all perfection . 5 Two things are necessarie , truely to espouse vs to CHRIST ; the one is to vse the pure meanes : the other , to vse those meanes with a pure heart . CHAP. XIX . of Death and Iudgement . MAnie make no account of the death of the soule , because they feele it not as they doe the death of the bodie . Euery man feareth a Palsie , an Epilepsie , and an Apoplexie , because they strike dead : but if a man be in a consumption , where hee shall be decaying seuen yeares , he thinks nothing of it . Likewise if an house fall suddenly , we say it perisheth , but if it moulder away we little regard it . In Hosh. 5 , vers 7. 12. The Lord threatneth to be a Lyon to Israel , and a moath to Iudah . Surely , when the wrath of God , as a moathe hath secretly fed on vs ere we know it , our soules doe as it were bleede to death . For as hee that bleedeth to death feeleth little , vntill suddenly his strength faileth ; so in the death of the soule , a man doth not perceiue how his strength is gone , or euer he be aware . It may be the Lord will not be vnto vs as a Lyon , but as a moath , we shall not happily die of an Apoplexie , but of a consumption , and CHRIST the Sauiour shall laugh at our destruction . 2 We can better away to meditate on Death which Sathan couereth with eternitie following , then on the day of Iudgement , where wee must all make our account . 3 The bare meditation of Death doth so farre moue vs from suffering our delights to dwell on earthly things , as that Reason disswadeth vs not to make any cost about a Tenement where wee knowe we shall dwell but a while . Yet such bare imaginations of Death may build vp in the meane time the kingdome of pride in vs. Wherefore it shall be more auailable , if with our meditation of putting off this earthly tabernacle , we thinke also of putting on the heauenly Tabernacle , and of putting on the royall robe of Christs righteousnes , without which we shall neuer stand with comfort before the great Throne of Gods Iudgement . 4 The cause why we beso loth to die is , because we cannot finde in our conscience that we haue done that good thing for which we came into this life . 5 If there be a desire in thee to die in respect of some iniurie , shake it off ; it is better to be a liuing dog , than a dead Lion : for so long as thou liuest , there is time to repent , but after death there is none . Therefore labour for to feele his fauour in Christ , which if thou doe , thou shalt neuer faile till thou come to him . 6 God dealeth contrary to the course of our common Physitions , which first giue one medicine , and then if that will not serue , a stronger : but God giueth the strongest first . The argument of iudgement is the last that can moue vs. That argument moueth most in Logicke which hath the best reason and most sense : howsoeuer it seemeth to some , yet sure I am the argument of iudgement hath the most sense , or shall haue , and may best serue to moue all sensual men . There be three things to moue euen euil disposed men in that great iudgement , shame , griefe , and feare . Let it moue vs for shame ; and if this will not , let vs remember the feare which then shall possesse vs ; if wee want this , our state is lamentable , for then neither Prophets , nor Apostles , nor the holy Ghost can tell what to say vnto vs. 7 Many are of opinion ( that teach without discretion ) that it is euill to doe any thing for feare of iudgement , but all for loue : and if we abstaine from any euill for feare , that we are in a wrong course . I haue been of this error my selfe , but the holy Ghost is content to vse this as a good reason , and will bee beholding to vs , if wee feare to doe euill for iudgements sake . Heare what Augustine saith : Doe this for feare of punishment , if thou ca●st not as yet obey for the loue of iustice . Bernard likens the feare of God to a needle , and the loue of God to a threed : first the needle entreth , and then followeth the threed : First , feare keepeth vs from doing , next , loue causeth that we doe not , euen then , when we can doe . This is t●● meanes as Augustine saith , A timore bonavita , à bona vita bona conscientia : inde nullus timor , atque ita dulcescit Deus peccanti , &c. First we are Gods enemies , then his seruants , & if we behaue our selues wel in his seruice we shal be made his adopted children . 8 This word iudgement I would no man would let it passe without iudgement , and yet there is no word read with lesse iudgement . In the law the title de iudicio is best studied : and it is a great title . Chrysostome saith , if we had that care which they haue that be arraigned before an earthly iudge , we should doe well . Though his iudgements be as the great deepe , as the Psalmist saith ; yet they may be brought to foure heads , and first into two , the iudgement of man , and the iudgement of God : the iudgement of man , either when another giues iudgement of vs , or we giue iudgement of our selues : the iudgement of God , either in this life , or eternall . Iob , chap. 29 speaketh of some yong men in his daies , that feared his iudgement . This feare is to be seene in heathen men , as in him that ran further into the Tauerne to auoyde the sight of the Philosopher . The boyes of Bethel , that wanted this feare , and reuerenced not Elisha the Prophet , were so far gone , that it was time to cut them off . He cursed them , and two she-beares came out of the wood and slew them . But as Lucina saith of the consistorie of Christians , this is a miserable Consistorie , a poore iudgement : euery man will pleade with the friar , We are exempted Lord : yet true it is . they that shall iudge the world , can best iudge , but they shall be iudged also . The second is the iudgement seate within vs , which God hath made to make vs esteeme his the more . It is counted an absurd thing for a man to be his owne iudge . This is our owne conscience . This is Gods register that registreth all things which we doe or speake , and it is also our remembrancer , when we are alone . Blessed is the man that despiseth not this iudge : no man can haue a more seuere iudge than himselfe , albeit a man doe acquite himselfe : the wicked is sometimes secure , but neuer in safetie . This is that , whereby God would call vs home . Euery sinner is his owne tormentor : Here be surdo verbera , strokes that cannot be heard , and yet strokes indeed . Then if there be within them such torments , why are wicked men so merrie ? Surely I must answere them thus : Peccator est sui carnifex : but these are remoued from the way of sinners to the seate of scorners : and then all is quiet . Euery sinner is condemned in himselfe , or by himselfe , if he become not brutish , & his conscience feared and hardened . And as for young mens consciences , Augustine compareth them to water in a bason , the water is stirred , and there is no face seene : but so soone as maturitie of yeares come , then it will stand still , and we shall see our faces , and crie with Dauid and Iob , Lord wipe away the sinnes of my youth . The third iudgement may be compared to a quarter sessions , that doth consist in depriuing of commodities , the mulcte is the losse of Gods grace , an vnsensible punishment , but so great , that if all the creatures should mourne , saith Chrysostome , it were not sufficient , when grace is taken away from one man. If we will not be moued with the losse of that , which God makes account of , hee will take away that which we make account of , as by taking away our preferment , wit , &c. for I account that man to haue lost his wit , which is turned into a Foxe , which hath nothing but craft and subtiltie . Then he sendeth sicknes , reproches and hearts griefe to humble vs , or some singular sharp iudgement on some , of very good hope , and loue , and taketh them out of this life , to warne vs that are a great deale worse , to the terrour of the wicked , and that they might not see the punishments he is to bring vpon the vngodly for sin . Now for as much as a man in the first iudgement is cōdemned , in the second quited , in the third repriued : Therfore the Lord hath appointed a fourth iudgmēt , which shall pay them home : and that may be compared , if I may so say , to the gaole deliuerie , and this is called the day of iudgement . In comparison wherof other iudgements are as nothing . Then God wil take the matter into his own hand , then shal there be a new Quest , thē all th●se matters that are shuffled vp , and euill iudged , shall be iudged againe . Now is the day of affections , but then the day of iudgement : in it we shal lose all that is to be lost . Now for this day & this iudgement , that we may haue somewhat to moue vs , being of our selues Verie dul , let vs see , how fearefull and dreadfull it is . In a iudgement there are three things , the action , the sentence , and the execution . For we see the prisoners , first how they plead for themselues . Secondly , being found guilty , the sentence is pronounced by the Iudge : and after , they are executed . In earth there are means to acquite for a season , as delusiō of the Iudge or of the witnesses , perswasion , corruption , fauor . For the first , they be apicesiuris , points in law , they vndoe all iustice , a cau●lling iustice : but apices iuris in calo non excusant . And for the witnesses they shall not deliuer him , for they shall be true witnesses , the booke shall then be opened . No perswasion shall then serue , because God is not subiect to any affection . Thirdly , there shall be no corruption , for though the Iudge could be corrupted , what could we giue him , when the whole world shall be destroied ? Lastly , we must looke for no fauour , for it is the day of iudgement and not of mercie . The night before the blowing of the Trumpet , there shall be preached mercy , but then there shall be none : let no man flatter himselfe , for so he shall find it . To escape a sentēce here on earth is either by appeale to an higher court , or by re●racting : but there can be no appeale , for who is higher than God : neither shall there be any reuersion of the sentence , for there shall be no more sitting , because there is no second iudgement . Thirdly , there is an execution , which is most fearefull . And execution there shall be , well , let it come , will we say , for a punishment must be ours : & then what is there to helpe vs to escape punishment , but either resistance , or if that will not serue , flight ; if we cannot flie , patience , or mitigation , or our cōfort is hope : but there is none of all these can stand vs in any stead : for the first , if we were , as Iob saith , hard rockes , as we are potshards , we were not able to resist , for if the Lord did but touch vs , we would smoke . But his wrath shall be powred vpon vs , and who is able to abide it ? Secondly , it bootes vs not to flie , for the Lord is euery where round about vs , we are as it were in a circumferēce , the further we are from one part , the neerer we are to the other . We flie from the God of peace to the God of wrath , there is no escaping : Christ saith , Take the vnprofitable seruant , bind him hand and foot , so that he cannot flie ; and Iude addeth , with euerlasting chaines , and that in darkenes ; so that if he could breake his chaines , yet he could not see whither to flie in the darke . Thirdly , there is no patience ; which ye shall see , if ye consider the example of the rich man in Luke , who required one drop of water to coole his tongue , of a person , whom he hated deadly ; and no doubt they do hate the godly there as much as euer they did in this life . Last of all let vs looke for no mittigation : If there were any mittigation , it should be either in respect of the wearines of the tormentors , but they are spirits ; or by consuming of our bodies , but we shall continue for euer : or by diminishing of the instruments , but the fire shall neuer goe out : & that it may not so do , there is a lake of brimstone prepared to run into it , and the worme neuer dieth . Neither shal there be any comfort , the remembrance euen of that they enioyed shall torment them . 9 There is a people in Amos and Zephanie , that put the day of the Lord farre off , but it shall be vnto them a day of terrour and trembling . On the other side , let vs consider how the world waxing olde as a garment , and all creatures become moath-eaten and worme-eaten : the fruites , stones , and hearbes decaying in their vertues . Against worldly Atheists the Prophet Zephaniah saith : The Lord will seeke them , and rather than he will lose them for finding , he will seeke them with a lanterne , and search them with a candle . When we know the time must come , we enquire of it : and beholding God drawing some presently into the stage , and knowing that others are reserued for the last iudgement , the faithfull inquire for their hope , the wicked for their feare . Well , as I would not haue men too curious , Mat. 24 so could I wish them not to be too carelesse : the first is ill , the second is worse . The day shall come suddenly , and therefore neither curiousnesse nor carelesnesse is good : only thus much is sure , it is at hand , but no man could neuer shew the fingers of his hand . Peter sheweth , that we must not measure the time after man , but after God. Some reason this , some that ; but let vs remember that , Deuterono . 29. 29. The secret things belong to the Lord our God , but the things reuealed belong vnto vs. Let no man thinke by an allegorie to reach to that , which the Angels themselues cannot comprehend . For if one should say , that as there were foure thousand yeeres before Christ his comming in the flesh , so there should be foure thousand before he came to iudgement , were it not as like a quidditie as they harpe on , and yet both vntrue ? If we looke on Cyprian and Tertullian , we shall see them to haue thought the day to come in their times . Here the Fathers haue roued much , but all like to misse the marke . Let vs know , that th● neerenesse is not in respect of vs , but of the speaker , who onely knoweth what is neere ; and let vs content our selues with this , that in respect of eternitie nothing is long , that shall haue an ende . When the Apostles then say , it is neere , so we may say , it is neere , and no difference : But as the Day was then neere , so the Houre is now neere ; neere , I say in respect of God and of eternitie . And as the promise accomplished was neere to God 4000. yeeres before it came , so it is not in the fadome of mans braine to tell , how many dayes or yeeres , wherewith God is not gouerned , is farre or neere vnto vs. The Apostle Heb. 10. 25. sheweth the time to bee neere , and that it is within the view of the eye , because the sacrifices of the Iewes are abolished , the true sacrifices are offered , and the Gospell more or lesse is vniuersally preached . But among al reasons this moueth me , & may moue all , that now Christ is readie to come , because we see small faith on the earth For if euer this was , it is now , wherein is not onely a defect of faith , which euer was , but because now men goe cleane against faith : for now not onely the principles of the faith are not obserued , but they are thought absurde , and things cleane contrarie are prescribed . Is it not monstrous , that now some teach for doctrine , that a man may lie and forsweare without sin or shame ? Seeing that sinne is now in it ripenesse , which was before but in the eare , could the diuell from hell broch more profound blasphemies ? If the regions begin to grow white , and sin groweth ripe and yellow , we must looke for the Angell shortly to thrust in his sickle . Well , whensoeuer the dave of iudgment is , I feare the day of the departure of the Gospel is at hand . Our securitie is such , that we may rather say , the Lord hath suffered vs too long , then that we can accuse God for seuerenesse in striking vs too soone . Be it then , that as yet the day is not come , wherein the world shall crackle about our eares ; or though we see not our Ierusalem destroyed : yet we know our day of death cannot be farre off , and quickely we shall come to our doome . CHAP. XX. Of the shortnesse of our life , and the meditation of Death how profitable . IT is the vsuall manner of the Holie Ghost , 1. Pet. 4. Iam. 2. Iohn , 12. to perswade men to godlinesse , because they haue but a quantitie of dayes . This is such an ordinarie Argument , that vse hath taken away the force of it , yet Dauid saith , that euen ordinarie things by grace moue vs , and where grace workes not , euen extraordinarie things moue vs not . Concerning shortnes of life , the heathen could say , that a man is but a man of a day olde , and the Philosophers teach that his life cannot be long . But we will leaue all them without the Church , and come to them within : Dauid said it was a span long Moses and Salamon say , it is a life of dayes : and I will obserue withall , that Moses , Ioh , Dauid , Salomon , when they describe the life of man , they can find nothing to rest on as vaine enough , whereunto they might compare it : so base a thing is this life , that it may abide any extenuation in the world . In regarde whereof they haue compared it to a bubble , a sleepe , a vapour , and they cume so farre at the length , that they compared it to a thought , whereof wee know there may be no fewer then a thousand in one day . Esay 38 it is saide , it may be spent before night . And 2. Cor. 5. it is compared to a booth or a shepheards tent , which we see doth last but a while . In our daily and ordinary prayer Christ admonisheth vs of this point , when hee teacheth vs to pray , that wee may haue a portion for a day , as though our life were shutte vp , or may bee shutte vp in one day . There are long spaces , which by a speedy course are quickly ended ; and there be short spaces , which hauing a slow moouer , are long in going , but if the space be short , and the motion swift , there is no hope of continuance ; and such a one is our life . The Israelites went no further in thirtie yeares , by their slowe motion , than by a swift passage they might haue gone in eleuen dayes : So that one may bee going a long iourney in a little time , and a little iourney a long time . Our way is short , and for the manner of our motion in this short way , it is compared to a Weauers shuttle , and to a Poste , and to a shadowe : to a Poste , Nay , it is not of so long continuance , for a Poste leaues a print of his steppes behinde him , but a man doth leaue no impression , he is still going , & the motion neuer ceaseth . The swiftest thing in nature for motion may stay , but mans life doth not stay : For though at the praier of Ioshua the Sun stood still , which is wonderful swift ; yet the time of mans life stood not stil , but euen then a d●ies iourney went forward . Salomon considering of mans life , called it vaine , and then as not thinking that a sufficient word , he corrected himselfe , & called it Vanitie it selfe . But Dauid going further , Psal. 62. saith , man is lighter than vanitie too . If we adde this , that nothing befals vs all our life long , but it may befall vs any day , or euery day , we shall confesse this life is vaine . The calculating of this time is good , but the increasing of our account is the cause of all euill . Matt. 25. the enuious seruant was ouertaken in his account , be thought he had many daies to come , which he had not , before his Lord appeared . The Virgins were truely foolish , that dreamed of a day , which was denied them . Luk. 12. the rich man ouershot himselfe , and was preuented contrarie to his account : It is the vsuall complaint of the Prophets , that men say , The prophecie is deferred , the plague shall not come yet ; and we say in our hearts , the Bridegrome wil not come yet , our Lord wil be long in comming , the burthen of the Lord shall ouerpasse vs , & so forth . It is good reason to remember the praier of Moses , Psal. 90. 12. that we beguile not our selues in the computation , who cryeth , Lord teach vs to number our daies . For numbring of people Dauid is an example : for numbring our money , our sheepe , our lands , and our frames , euery man can be an example : But to number our daies is a rare kind of numbring , it is a strange Arithmetike , what rearages we are fallen into with the Lord , for our time not spent to his glory ▪ this is a numbring , wherewith we are vnacquainted . Oh that we knew what it were to account of time , surely this I will say , if there were many worlds in the possession of some that are departed , they would giue them vs for one day or houre , which we haue in such plentie , and so little esteeme of . Well , in the numbring of our yeeres we neede take no great paine , for Moses hath set it downe to be 70. yeeres . If our life last but so long , a little Arithmetike will cypher it out , and we know it is a matter of no great arte to number our yeeres , euen from our first father to this age . A worldly man in this businesse would begin to adde and to multiply , putting still to the times past that which is to come , and withdrawing from time to come , times past : But we must know that all that is past , is to be substracted , and to be counted nothing , and the daies to come are not to be added , for an addition must be of a thing existent , but the time to come is not . But let vs make a supposition of that to be which is not , that a man may write of 70 yeeres , let vs , I say , set that downe as the grosse summe . Halfe that time is spent they say in sleepe , which thē we may well detract from the great number , & then there remaines but 35. yeeres . From these we may deduct 14. yeeres in our youth , wherein we are vnfit to glorifie God , or doe good to man , and so there remaines sixteene yeeres ; and of these sixteene , to set downe the dayes of sicknesse , or those times which we sinfully spend in yeelding to anger , to our lustes , or to worldlinesse , wherein we are as vnprofitably occupied , as though we were not , halfe of the number would be cut off , and so we should leaue but seuen or eight yeeres . But now we haue the summe , from whence we might take out , but not that time out , which is past we know , seeing now it is nothing ; what is to come , we know not , and it cannot be added , time is but short , and therefore great neede we haue of God his spirit to teach vs. To this we know , how suddenly death doth take from vs time to come , Iobs children in the middest of their banket were stricken dead ; Ishbosheth died before night could come vpon him , neither hath the strongest liuer any surer charter of his life . The best way then to recken aright , is to make the number , which we may take out , and that which we would substract , all one , and that is none . If in the way we haply finde something , we may take it for our aduantage , and see that we vse it to God his glory . For this being set downe , that our daies past are none , and the daies to come none neither : so that no daies past or to come can be counted part of our life , and consequently haue none but the present time , which is very little , and as little as a thought , vnlesse we could haue a lease of our life , as Ezekiah in some so●t had of his by Esay , wherein he had very ill successe . And so finding our time to be none , we shall be most bent to labour to attaine to wisedome . And here we must vnderstand , what manner of wisedome this skill of counting brings vs : there is wisedome of health , and there is wisedome of sicknesse , and this is it , which we shall learne . And what is that wisedome ? surely by a continuall thinking , that death is nigh , and perswading our selues that death is within a minute , what no lawe , prince , parents or punishment could do , that death wil easily dispatch . By this they that before had no delight in the word if once they take this account , that euery day they thinke they drawe their last breath , the word will be full of comfort to them . And then the meditation of death working aboue the hope of long life , the wisedome of sicknesse will be found to be aboue the wisedome of health . In this case men will giue counsell , that before could take none , and this is that wisdome of the point of death , & nothing can teach vs better . We see the effect of this in Ezekias , when the talie of his daies was left him , we see his meditation , which was such as the holy Ghost hath put it in perpetual record , we see his behauiour most worthy our meditations . Neither is this in Ezekiah onely a well disposed man , but euen in the wicked , as Baltashashar , who seeing the number of his dayes , and that hee was found too light , begun to quake , and his knees did shake presently , and so began to bee wise . Thus wee see an effect both in the wicked and in the godly , of this meditation most necessarie . 2 The readiest way to obtaine life is to be content , either to liue or die , and to commit our selues to the Lord , knowing that nothing euer perished , which was committed to him . Let vs be content with the vse of life , which the Lord giueth vs to repent in , and account it a great benefite , that the Lord graunteth vs a great time of repentance , knowing that it is a greater benefit , to be a liuing dog , than a dead lion : for while we liue , there is a place for repentance , but after death there is none : And therefore those that account it not a benefit to liue , are vnworthie of life , or any benefit therein : all these things must serue to teach vs patience , and to refraine our murmuring nature , whensoeuer by any temptation our flesh is prouoked thereunto . 3 As it is a maine point of wisedome to learne to die , so there be many vnder rules proceeding from this . First , it helpeth our procrastinating and putting off of the euil day , and our kind of repentance , which is euer in purposes and promises , & neuer in practise & performance . We see that men in their iourney , if they thinke they haue day enough they are sl●ck enough : but if they see they haue but little day , so that they begin to nūber , they ply themselues . Wherefore seeing time goeth away , when we lay no hold on it , yea when most sure hold that can be is laid on , we must labour for heauenly wisdome , and a compendious rule thereunto is to number our daies . There is another thing , and it is like the great Dragon in the Reuelation , it hath drawen away and deceiued the third part of the world , and that is want of wind and fainting of heart in affliction , to the remedying whereof it is good to consider , that as we suffer daily , so we are dying daily , & that which the world afflicteth , is drawing to corruption , which shall exempt vs from their tyrannie . And here in wee take our mortalitie for an aduantage against them , that seeing wee are subiect to so many euils we are also mortall , and after death we shall be immortall , when nothing shall hurt vs. For as we would not be immortall now being subiect to sinne and misery , so we shall then not be mortall , when we shall be recompenced with righteousnesse and felicitie . Now by considering of this shorte time of mortalitie , and of the glorie of our immortalitie wee suffer without fainting , we fancy not many daies here , which might discourage vs , but we thinke our yeere may want moneths , our moneth daies , our daies houres , and so we are encouraged . Another thing is this . It is sure we loue this life by a rule of follie , in trusting to this life , that it will be long ( for our estimation of a thing growes by the continuance of it ) and therefore if we could be perswaded of the shortnes of this life , it would draw vs to the contrary rule of wisedome . But wee are all Damas his disciples , wee commend things present howbeit , it were better to haue Moses our Master , who in his time began to number , and yet we know that he might haue beene sure that the day of iudgement would not be in his time , for that the promised Messiah was not yet come : we feare it lesse , & number nothing so fast , vpon whom the day it selfe may as suddenly come , as vpon them , who tarie for nothing to it , but for the fulfilling of the elect , & the accomplishmēt of the number of them that shall be saued . So that we both by death and in respect of the last day , are not to count of any long abode . But aboue all there is one principall rule which Christ allowed as an high point of wisdome in Marie , in that she made so fit a choise of her times in bestowing them in such a thing , as should not be taken from her , as no time should bereaue her of it , wherin we are taught to thinke , that those times which we bestow on God his worship , shal not end within the number of our daies , but they shal haue their abiding fruit for euer , and this wil comfort vs afterwards . But when we are occupied in Marthaes busines , we may say , and what is this ? what profit will this affoord in death , shal not my dayes be cut off , & what will this auaile me ? So that it is good to bee exercised in things which concerne the time which runs beyōd the number of our daies , & shal last as long as God himself shal endure . CHAP. XXI . Dulnes of spirit and of feeling . SVch is the corruption of our nature , that albeit we haue beene wonderfully delighted with Gods graces , yet when wee abound with them , wee lesse esteeme them , than when we began to enioy them . 2 Wee must desire and endeuour to keepe our selues from deadnes and dulnes , and to tie our hearts euer in thankfulnes vnto God After our meats receiued it is good to speake something to the glorie of God : If God giue any good matter , to take it as offered vnto vs of God : If nothing were done or spoken but all silent , it were good to seeke some good occasion of speech , by reading , singing or speaking . And we may not tie our selues much to any other meanes , for accustomable vse of any one thing , bringeth lesse reuerence . And then must we endeuour specially to stir vp one another in good speeches , when such be present as God makes instruments to teach the same more effectually vnto others : and this the Apostle by his example teacheth vs , 2. Tim 2. 2. 3 There is a secret , inward , and spirituall blessing , which the elect feele , when to the world they seeme accursed : and there is a secret curse to the wicked , when apparantly they seeme to be blessed . 4 As it is no small benefit though we haue not the bright Sun-shining , yet to haue the light of it to gouerne the day , the heat of it to turne away the cold , the effects of it in other workes of nature : so it is no small mercie , though we haue not the shining countenance of the Lord , yet to haue the guiding of our affections by the light of it , the possessing of our soules in patience by some feeling of it , and the fruits thereof in the peace of our mindes : although we feele not the present beames , yet we shall see them shine hereafter ; If we haue not this ioy of our minde as we would in the day of our vocation , the Lord wil plentifully giue it vs in the day of our coronation . 5 They may bee truely saide to haue profited well , which beleeue the word before they feele the effect of it , as the threatnings before they feele the smart , the promises before they feele the comfort . And such as doe not thus beleeue do highly displease God. This was the sinne of Thomas , which would feele ere he beleeued , and this sinne is in vs all , therefore all must learne to correct it in themselues . And if wee were free from this , wee should be free from many euils . 6 Although a man do not feele his faith sometimes vnder the crosse , as indeede it falleth out often in the best children of God , yet when it shall please the Lord to send feeling and deliuerance , that man shall see that his faith was great , and that the Lord did mightily preserue him from falling ; yea he shall then perceiue that his faith was stronger , when he had not the feeling of Gods fauour , than it had beene at some times , when hee had great feelings . CHAP. XXII . Of Catechizing and instruction of Youth . THere hath beene a sect both among the heathen , and also in our age , that thinkes that religion is not to come so low as children ; but that they are to bee nourished vp boldly , and when they come to riper yeeres , then to bee instructed in religion , and not before . So the neathē tel vs as we see in the beginning of the Philosophers morals as also in the opinion of the Orator , in the defence of Caelius : It is wisedome to let youth haue his course till his heate be abated . But if there were any moment in the authoritie of the heathen , the whole practise of them were to be preferred before one mans opinion . And for their practise , certaine it is , that the exercise of catechizing was vsed among the Gentiles : for we finde it in Porphyries time : It was vsuall in Athens for youth to be taught : as also the histories of the heathen doe declare , that the children were instructed : for it was a custome among them not to powle their childrens heads , vntill they were taught , & then to burne their haire as a sacrifice to Apollo , who from thenceforth in regard of their skill , were allowed to carie tabers in their pompes and solemnities . Aristotles meaning in that place is , de facto , non de eo , quod fieri debet . Else hee is to be called backe to his seuenth booke de Repub . chap. 17. It is expedient for children to bee withdrawne from euil speeches ▪ Against the Orator standing at the barre to plead for a lewd young man , his owne saying is to be alleaged : Offic. lib. 1. That this age must chiefly bee reclaimed from pleasures and lust . Exod. 10. 11. Pharaoh being requested of the Israelites , that they might goe with their children into the wildernes for to worship , maketh a scoffe that their children should go , as though religion pertained not to them . Matth. 19. 13. When children were brought vnto Christ , that he might blesse them , his disciples forbad them , that brought them ; as if Christ and children had nothing to do one with another . For the first I answere , Moses standeth with Pharaoh in that point , and will not take so much , as he would graunt for the olde , except the young may go too . And for the second , Christ opposeth himselfe to his disciples , granting childrē safe conduct to come vnto him , pronouncing those accursed , that keepe them from him . Matth. 18. 6 Psal. 119. 9. The law is not onely giuen for those of ripe yeeres , but euen for young men to cleanse their wayes . The Iewes note , there is mention made of children three times in the Decalogue . And though the rest may seeme to admit some doubt , yet in catechizing , which is comprehended in the Sabbath dayes exercise , our sons and our daughters are bound to lesse than wee . Exod. 12. 6. If children bee so busie as to aske , what is meant by the Passeouer , the Lord is so farre from keeping it back from them , that he commaunds their parents to acquaint them with that Sacrament : and albeit they do not aske . Deut. 6. 7. he laieth a charge on their parents to see thē instructed in his lawes . 2 And whereas many hold that it is not materiall , nor to be regarded , what children do , and that they are not to be examined nor censured by their doings , though they be wantō and childish , they be confuted , Pro. 20. 11. They shall be iudged by their steps ▪ As the blessing of Gods is vpon them , that giue themselues to wisedome , Psalm . 127 & 128. whom Dauid compareth to a quiuer full of arrowes , & to oliue branches : so doth he not spare those that doe euill , although they be children . 2. Reg. 2. 24. The boyes that scoffed Elisha were torne in peeces with two beares . To this the Hebrew prouerbe may bee added , in Golgotha are to be seene souls of all sizes , that is , death the reward of sinne commeth on the young as well as vpon the olde . I saw little and great saith Iohn , Apoc 20. 12. waiting for their iudgement . Christ who hath said of himselfe , I haue giuen you an example . Iohn , 13. 13. and of whom the Diuines rule is , Euery action of Christ serues for our instruction , hath giuen our children an example of his youth , that is , that at twelue yeeres he was growen as much in wisdome , namely in the feare of God and in the fauour of God as in yeares . He alloweth of the childrens singing Hosanna . Mat. 21. 16. when the Pharisies thought it a foolish thing to regard the childrens crie . He shewes , that his father maketh an account of children , and hath no desire that they should be lost for teaching , & lost must they be , except they come to the Church . Therefore he giueth commaundement , that they bee suffered , and not forbidden , if they haue any desire vnto him , and therefore he pronounceth a woe vpon any , that when such would come to Christ , doe scandalize them either by word , counsell or example , or any other vndue meanes keepe them from comming to him . Ioh. 21. 15. Christ his charge to Peter is not to feed his sheepe onely , but his lambes also , and first his lambes , for the increase of the whole flocke dependeth on the towardnesse of the lambes , and the lambes being well fed , lesse paines need to be taken with the sheepe . All solemne promises we must performe as sure as we can . But in our Baptisme wee made a solemne promise of learning the feare of God. The aptnesse in children to vice , as wee may see by their tractablenesse in any prophane or scurrile iests must make vs take aduantage , and exercise this aptnesse in such things that are good , for no doubt , if children can say bald-head to Elisha , they can say Hosanna to Christ. 3 The office of the Catechist is to make his doctrine easie to enter by giuing it an edge in perspicuitie , methode , &c. and of the catechised often to goe ouer the same thing , as a knife doth the whetstone , and to repeate and iterate it , till he haue made it his owne . This we see in the original words : specially the Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 frō the which we haue our English word Echo , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is indeed to sound the last fillable , and such sounders happily there be enough , but it is to sound the whole after one : and such a repetition is required of the right Catecumenoi . Catechizing is thus distinguished from preaching . Preaching is the dilating of one member of religion into a iust treatise : Catechizing is a contracting of the whole into a summe . Preaching is to all sorts : catechizing to the younger and rude . Preaching is not exacted to be repeated : catechizing is exacted . We cōsider here in these three things . An argument or summe , the genus , the deliuerie of it to children : the first part of catechizing , the redeliuerie of catechumenoi , which is the second part of the catechisme . For warrant in making summes we haue Christ , who Math. 22. 37. brought all the whole lawe into two heads Ioh. 3 ▪ 16. an abridgement of the Gospell is set downe , Cod so loueth the world , &c. Eccles. 12 ●3 . Salomon drawes all that , that he had said in his whole booke of the Preacher , to these two heads . Feare God , and keepe his commandements . The Apostle Heb. 6. 1. reduceth al the principles of Christian religion to these two , Repentance and Faith. As also the learned think , that this forme of teaching is meant by Paul , in his patterne * or forme of holesome words ▪ which he willeth Timothy to haue , 2. Tim. 1. 13. as also by forme * of doctrine , Rom 6 17. and analogie of faith . And if we demaund a reason hereof , we may haue a Dependance , that we may referre all our reading and learning to certaine principall heads , and so inclose our studies in short epitomes . So likewise say the Rabbins , that it is as it were a hedge to the generall doctrine , least we be euer in an endlesse maze . So do the Fathers call it too . Clemens calleth it Crepis ▪ a base or ground plot . Athanasius , Synopsis , the first draught of a picture . The second reason is the facilitie , because we may in shorter time , learne and comprehend them , and such were the Sermons of the Apostles , when they baptized so many hundreds in one day . 4 And heere we must take with vs a double prouiso , that we shall remaine before God his iudgement seate without excuse , if that we seeke not the knowledge of God , being brought into so short a compendium , in such and so perspicuous a methode deliuered . Secondly , we must know , that our sinnes are not to make vs carelesse or vnregarding of any more perfit instructiō , seeing this catechizing was instituted but for an easie entrance only , and not to perfit vs in knowledge . 2. Pet. 3. 18. 1. Cor. 14. 20. Ephe. 4. 13. Heb. 5. 1● . 13. Catechizing is milke , more exact knowledge is strong meate . Catechizing is the foorde wherein a lambe may wade ; more exact knowledge is the gulfe , wherein an Elephant may swimme . Both these are in the Scriptures , concerning which Christ hath said , Search the Scriptures . As for euidence in catechizing before the flood , Cain and Abels sacrificing is a signe , which seeing there was no word written , is iudged of their father to be taught them : and therefore they reason probably , that say , without this catechizing , the word of God could not haue continued . After the flood some say , they had the like exercise , which afterwards , as the learned thinke , was put in writing , and called the bookes of Sybille ▪ which were nothing else but traditions . i. things by word of mouth deliuered and taught . In Abrahams time , Gen. 18 God saith , hee knoweth that Abraham will be carefull to teach his family , and for that cause will vouchsafe him extraordinary fauor . If it be demanded , what he taught , Gen. 17. 2. there is the summe of the lawe : Gen. 18 ▪ 18. there is also the abridgement of the Gospell ? In thy seed shal all nations be blessed . The fruit of Abrahams catechizing , his sonne went out to pray , Gen. 24. 37. his seruant praieth before his busines , vers 12. and giueth thanks after , vers . 26 he refuseth to eate , till he had discharged himselfe of his maisters message . In the time of the lawe , Deut. 6. 7. so soone as the lawe was giuen , the Lord commaunded them to teach their children . The practise of this we may see in Hanna , deliuering Samuel to Hesi his instructor , so soone as he was weaned , 1. Sam. 1. in Dauid , as Salomon testifieth of him , Pro 4. 4. Iehoida taught the young King Iehoash , 2. King. 12. 2. After the captiuitie , because there the Bible endeth , we must giue credit to other histories . 5 If we beleeue the Rabbins , there were neuer in Ierusalem from Christ to Antioch●● , vnder 400. houses of catechizing , what time also they made their decree , that their children at thirteene yeeres should be put to catechizing ▪ And to this order among them may Paul seeme to haue relation , Rom. 2. 18. where hee affirmeth the Iewes are catechized in the lawe . Ephes 6 4 ▪ they are willed to bring them vp in instruction . Paul as some thinke , sometime bearing this office saith , 1. Cor ● 14 that I may catechize . For catechized we haue , Luk. 14. Theophilus : Act. 18. 25 Apollos : 2 Tim 3. 15. Timothie . Marke catechizing at Alexandria with great profit was commended by Philo Iudaeus , as Eusebius maketh mentiō . After Clemens : next Origen ▪ We haue also the catechisme of Cyril : Gregory Nis●n : the bookes of Augustine , of catechizing the ignorant : and foure bookes de symbolo ad catechumenos . Also Athanasius his Synopsis of sacred Scripture : and Fulgentius de Fide ad Petrum Diaconum . In the Fathers time it may be seene by the sixt canō of the councel holdē at Neocaesaria : By the sixe & seuen canons of the councel holden at Iberis in Spaine : 2 councel of Bra●caria , 1. Can. 4. Tolet. Can. 24. After that , is there no mention made , till the time of Luther . Touching the great good , that the frequenting of this exercise hath done , this may be added , that Aegesippus saith , that by the vertue of catechizing , there was neuer a kingdom , but receiued alteration in their heathenish Religion within 40 ▪ yeers after Christ his passion . Iulian the Apostata , that was thought to be the wisest enemie that euer the Church had , when he went about to suppresse Religion , did not vse torments , but put downe schooles and all catechizing . Againe , when catechizing was put downe , ignorance began to grow . The Papists acknowledge , that all the ground we haue got of them , is by catechizing , as it appeareth by the Popes Bull , de motu propri● , before the catechisme of the councel of Trident , & it is thought , if euer they get ground of vs again , it wil be by their more diligēt exacting of their catechizing . Now , why we may exact the catechisme again , these reasons may serue . Christ his reason to moue me to carefulnes in this : Thou shalt render an account , wheron we ground this rule , that euery one wil heare more attentiuely , that which he must repeat againe ; then that whereof he must giue no account . Besides , we are all bound to giue an account of our faith , 1. Pet. 3. 15. And if we doe it before our catechist , we shal be able the better to doe it before a stranger . Thirdly , because Christ is become not onely our Priest and King , but also our Prophet , and that all this is to this ende , that we also may become Prophets to him ( our prophesie cōsisting in examining the doctrin we haue heard , 1 Ioh. 4. 1. in examining of our selues , 2. Cor. 13 5. in admonishing our brethrē , Rom. 13. 14. ) it is expedient specially in such an exercise to witnesse the same . This also is to be exacted , in regard of our Pastor or Catechist , for that it is requisite the Minister should haue an assurance of his hearers profiting in particular . Forasmuch as then we see by the practise of the whole Church , that catechizing is a thing commanded by God , we must knowe , that whiles we shall be in this holy action , we are doing a thing well pleasing vnto God. 6 Children must be taught precept by precept , line by line , sometime in the catechisme to informe them , sometime in histories to refresh them . 7 We must not alwaies measure a man by his present affection , but by his perseuering action , for many more profit in the ende which angerly receiue the doctrine , than they which receiue it cheerfully at the first . 8 It is a foule sinne , and worthie of publike reprehension , publikely to reuerence the doctrine willingly , and priuately to gain say it , because it bewrayeth vs rather of solemnitie than of good conscience to receiue it . 9 Many reiect doctrine presently , as though they made no account of it , who afterward will embrace it willingly , and after aduisement , and the working of Gods spirit receiue it thankfully . 10 Moses being well brought vp , could not be well drawne away , neither by Aegypt , nor when he went thence : which appeareth also in Ioseph , Daniel , and his brethren . This ought to moue vs to teach our children in word and action , and afterward they may haue Gods blessing vpon that good beginning , the want whereof causeth many men to be punished in their children . 11 We must preuent hardnes of heart betimes in children , by godly and discreet correction & instruction . Children haue oftentimes the sinnes of their parents , and therefore when they chasten them , they should in wisedome first consider , if that it were not a sinne which they gaue them , as it were , which now they are about to correct , and finding it so , they should first be humbled in themselues , and so proceede to correction with prayer , in the feare of God , in wisedome , in loue , and desire of their conuersion , and with that measure as correcting their owne sinnes after a sort in their children . For men begetting their children without regeneration , giue a naturall propagation of their sinnes , without some speciall blessing of God preuenting it ; and none in regeneration begetteth any with such gifts of nature as they haue by grace . CHAP. XXIII . Of Examples , and how we must not sinne vpon example , and of diuers occasions of sinne . OVr plaine excuses now adaies are mosest , it is a custome , sic vinitur , there be many others that liue so . Are not our arguments now adaies such , as the Eunuches , 1. King. 22. vnto Micheah . See all the Prophets which are foure hundred speake good to the king . i. as the king would haue them , therefore I pray thee , say thou so too . This is one argument , and how do ye answere it ? Euen as Chusa said to Absalon , that hee went not with his friend , because the multitude was not with him , for where the multitude is , euen there will I be . Heere is the practise , but where is a precept for it ? I will shew you where ye shall haue a precept for it . There is a fellow , a controller of Moses , the child of Belial , that hath a precept . Deny nothing that you may win the multitude . But , if hee had staied there , hee had not bin clean contrary to Moses . Exo. 23. 2. but he goeth further & saith ; Though they goe wrong , thou must go with them , and do as they do . Oh that this leade not to perdition : We are naturally inclined to this ; euery man is first euil , euery one by nature is a Papist , a Machiuelist , euery one is giuen to follow a multitude . Of this doctrine some may haue vse now , & some hereafter . And seeing , as Aeschines saith , we must learne that now whilest we be yong , which we must practise when we be old : I shall think the word of God hath it fruit , if any shall beware by it , & practise it hereafter . First , I note , wher the holy Ghost flatly forbiddeth the following of a multitude , that it is a thing that commeth to passe daily : we must not think the holy Ghost giueth precepts of those things , that come not to vse in 7. yeeres , this is one chief point in all offices . Plato in his Alcibiades had perswaded Alcibiades to liue iustly al his life time : he promiseth that he will do so . I pray God , saith Socrates , you may begin , and also continue , but I feare least the sway of the multitude carrie you away : and to an Elder he writeth , though the multitude do not change you , yet it may be as rubs in your way . I will shew you a reason hereof , Rom. 7. Paul saith , there be many good things that I would doe , and cannot , and many euill things , which I would not do , and yet doe them . And why ? because there is a law in my members rebelling against the law of the Spirit . But when there is a law of companie comming to , then the case is dangerous , and in a double perill . 2 There is an vse of following , and this word follow is often in the Scriptures . We must follow with choise , iudgement and limitation . The wise man saith , it is the propertie of a foole to follow vniuersally , that , whatsoeuer he seeth others do , he must needs do the same That eie is very weake that cannot look on a bleare eie , but it must be bleared ; and Seneca saith in his booke * of the blessed life : We follow the droue like the beasts of the field ; when we thinke we goe to the pasture , it is very like we should go to the shambles . S. Iames vouchsafeth not to compare vs to liuing creatures , but to the froth of the sea , which is caried vp and downe with the water ; so we be caried and goe not . The reason why we doe thus is , because it is an hard matter to iudge , but an easie matter to giue credit . We beleeue , how we should liue we iudge not . We may see what their iudgement is by the Logicke , which they vse : they rest only in examples and similies , which how weake argumēts they be , euery man knoweth , no man will admit them in disputation . Yet when we come to examples , see what iudgement we shew , we take them by tale and number them not , we neuer waigh them , as he said . No man would so receiue his groats , as we doe examples , we ought not therefore to follow without choise . We must not pleade simplicitie , and say we came but behind : for if we cōsent , it is enough , though we be not the foremen , Rom. 1. 31. we must not onely eschew those that do euill , but those also , that consent to euill , and Ephes 5. 7. we are charged not to be companions with them . And how is that ? Dauid telleth you , Psal 50. 18. thou seest a theefe , and dostrun with him . 1. Tim. 5. 2● . Lay hands sodainly o●no man , neither be partaker of other mens sinnes , Act. 7. Saul threw neuer a ●one at Steuen , but kept the clothes of them , that stoned him : and yet the holy Ghost bringeth him within the compasse of murther . And so because the Iewes chose not Christ rather than Barrabas , the spirit of God saith , They killed the Lord of life , wherefore with Augustine I say ▪ it is euill enough to follow and consent to euill . 3 Many and few be respectiue words , for so it is said in one place , that Dauid had many sonnes . How many ? seuen : and in another place Dauid is said to haue a few souldiers . How few ? seuen hundred . So in that respect seuen are a great many , and seuen hundred a few . Againe least we should thinke a multitude to consist onely of rude and vnlearned , and poore people , we must know , that by vulgus is mēt not only those that haue chl●mydes , but those that haue coronas also , not only those , that goe in round caps , but them that goe in square caps also , & we may heare as vulgar speeches of the learned , as of the vnlearned . The 400. Prophets although they were learned , yet they were a multitude , and had a lying spirit in them . And certaine it is , they neuer proue truely learned , that lacke religion , and the true feare of God , their wits serue them but to vulgar vses , and to discouer themselues . 4 The best things haue not commonly most voyces , and it is a great presumption that the things are the worse , if they haue a common consent . This part is great , therefore the worse , saith Seneca . So Aristotle , great and good is not all one : the first finder out of mans wisedome found out this , and alwaies after made it his poesie ; The most the worse . He found it by the earth , seeing much pot-earth , and little to make golde ; so there is much pot-reason . And Aristotle giuing a reason of the hardest & fairest , saith , first that they be so by nature : and secondly , because of the multitude of them , that resist it . This is a common prouerbe with Lawyers , such as be ouercome appeale to the people . This is espied out of the heathen , and ye● our Christians cannot see . But let vs come to the scripture , Gal 1. 10. If I should please men , I should not be the seruant of God , i. the most men . The Angels come by two or three at the most , but the diuels are said in the scripture to come by legiōs , the scripture willing vs to flie the wicked , saith flie the world , because they are the most . Hoseah compareth the good to gleaning after the haruest , then the great haruest is the diuels , & a smal number the Lords . Againe , seeing they are so great a number , they must haue a broad way , but it leadeth to destruction . Indeed it must be a great way , in the which most must trauell ; and the godly haue a narrow way , and therefore Dauid saith , Lord shew me thy pathes , and he lookes at the iournies end . In heauen there is roome enough , but hell , as Ezechiel saith , must be enlarged ; so dāgerous it is to follow a multitude which is alwaies like it selfe , & ye may see how iudgemēt passeth on their behalfe , when it is put to them . There was a voyce put vp for making a golden Calfe , and there was not one against it . There was a voyce what should be done with Iesus , and all cried , crucifie him . Another was , whether God should be God , or B●al should be God , and none held with God but Eliah . Also whether Christ or Barrabas should be loosed , and all chose Barrabas . And in a good matter , whether Ioseph should goe into the pit or no , and all but Ruben consented he should . In religion we can grant , that vniuersality is no note of the truth : and if any obiect vnto vs , what , so many Princes , so many Nobles , and yet haue they not the true religion ? we can answere out of Paul : not many noble , not many mighty hath the Lord chosen , but in our life we cānot be drawne to confesse the same . Wherefore let vs beware of following the multitude . 5 Particular examples may be made generall instructions , when the cause of them is generall . When an example is grounded vpon a generall equitie , then may it be followed , but when it hath some particular respect and contrarie to the generall equitie , it may not be followed , though it were well done . Yet that was not well done of Zipporah , because it was the office of a man to doe that she did , as appeareth , Gen. 17. for , in that the Lord departed , it was rather for the faith of Moses , than that the thing was right . So was it in the example of Simeon and Leui , who sinned : yet had the Lord more respect of their fathers faith to crowne it , than of their sinne to punish it ; yet was it still sinne . Therefore when we cannot doe well , as we thinke , because of others , as wife , friend , husband , &c : let vs know that the fault is in our selues : for if we were faithfull , they should be so farre from hindering vs , that euen by vs perhaps they might be saued . 1. Cor. 7. 6 It were a good thing to make other men our looking glasse , and in their falles and infirmities either to behold ours present , or to suspect them to come . 7 It is not good to binde any to our examples . 8 It is euermore a safer thing to insist in the generall rules than in the particular examples . 9 We may not follow euery good example in Scripture , and when we follow any , we must looke we haue the same spirit and the like affection . 10 Many call euill good , by speaking for it , by not speaking against it , by defending it in themselues , defending it in others , who are worse than Saul , 1. Sam. 15. for after a while he bethought himselfe , he cōfessed : but these men after they haue once taken vpon them to defend a sinne , will defend it still , they will dwell in it , liue in it , die in it , goe to hell in it . Proctors they are of ill causes ; parasites , I would they were only in comedies , such as sowe pillowes , Ezech. 13. and Psal. 10. such as they Act. 12. the voyce of a God : such as Absalom , 2. Sam. 15. that said that all matters that came before him , were good . These perswade others to sinne , either by shew of reason , Gen. 3. or by shew of religion , as Absalom did , or by shew of stature , Ioh. 19 we haue a law : by faire promises , as the diuell to Christ , all this I will giue thee ; or by saying , ye shall finde more ease , Ieroboams reason for the Calfe , with a Pilate voyce ; or if you will not , say as N●buchadnezzar saith , you shall into the furnace . But some of these doe say . 1. I neuer spake word in commendation of this or that euil matter . But haue ye not heard the common saying , * the thing it selfe speaketh . The heauens declare the glory of God , Psal. 19 and yet speake neuer a word : Their actions speake lowder and plainer than their tongues . These in iudgement absolue Barrabas and condemne Christ , and so bestow on the euil such things , as belong to the good . They bestow preferments on them , that least deserue , as Ieroboam did the Priests office on the basest sort of the people : and so it is in our times , for many haue places both in Church & cōmonwealth , which can serue for nothing but to be cōsonāts , alwaies following the sound of their vowels , hauing none of their owne . 2. Some speake not against sinne : when Hely had let his sonnes faults passe , God said he hououred them more than him , & God counteth vs honoured of sinne , when we see and say nothing , Psalm 50. When thou sawest a theefe , &c. Though we doe but stand by and looke on , as Paul did , we are made allowers of the fact : So Peter makes the Iewes , Act. 4. You haue killed the Lord of life . We say the gardiner is the cause that weeds doe growe , because he letteth them grow : And so it may be said in Church and common-wealth of them which will not rebuke sinne , when they may , because they will not be medlers . 3. But some haue a little more care , but yet thinke it sufficient to be of Gamaliels minde , Let it alone , if it be not of God it will come to nought , loth to speake against euill ; and so they see it and say nothing . 4. Or as those which say something , but yet as good as nothing , as Ely did ye doe not well my sonnes : they speake as a seruant to his master softly because he would not wake him , they hit peraduenture the skirt when they should smite the head , and sometimes misse altogether , or hit those they should not . 5. Or seeme to speake somewhat roundly , but be so short witted , or so short winded , that they cannot speake much , a little they doe and soone leaue off , as King Ioash , 2. King. 13. 14. 10. 11. 6. Some speake out of time , when they first let an ill matter passe , then they speake against it . 7. But some are worse than all these , which giue men some morsell to stop their mouth , as Aeneas is said to giue Cerberus a soppe that he might not barke , or muzzle thē that they cannot speake , taking away their tongues and liuings ; or prescribe what they shall say : as Micah . 2. 11. Prophesie of wine , or as Amazias said to Amos , Prophesie not against Israel . Amos , 7. 11. 12. 11 Wee must learne a Logick of the holy Ghost , Exod. ●3 . 2. to answere the topicks of the world , which defend their doings by ; Others doe so , and learnedner and wiser than you haue d●●● it . And indeed we must not onely forsake a multitude , but we must also adde this to dissent from the traditiōs of the elders . It commeth all to one end : for it differeth not , whether we say many , or one great one as many for if one thing be equiualent to a multitude , we may say as the Hebrue and the Greeke doe , that they are al one ; ten shillings and an angell are all one . There be that thinke it is of more force many smite like haile stones , but great men like great thunderbolts . And if we consider it well , if one be slauish , the multitude is as a waspe , the great man like a Lyon with bloodie ●eeth , and therefore of greater force . If we vrge the multitude , a man may caution against them ▪ they are but sculles without braines : authority is a great scholler , if such a Rabbi be of the opiniō , it is not like they should be out of the way . Men commonly say , that there are but the great matters of the Church and common-wealth to be cared for , other matters are but rattels for children to play with : But Dauid prayeth as well for the little hils as for the great mountaines ; and Christ saith , we must be faithful in little , and if we cannot better one talent , the Lord should do iustice if he shuld put no moe into our hāds . Elihu supposeth , that in the Rabbins must needs be wisedome , yet after he perceiueth that the greatest is not the wisest , but the inspiratiō of the Almighty giueth wisdome . Kimkie writeth , that in their colledges they suffered the younger schollers to speake first , & to shew their opinions , that they might not be oppressed with the authoritie of the elders , and then afterwards the Rabbins ; and this order is kept in diuers Vniuersities vntill this day . Many will say , I had rather erre with Plato than speake truth with another , a most prophane sentence . And marke how these men going thus against the holy Ghost doe euen destroy Logike it selfe . For what argument is this ? such a one saith it , therefore I may doe it ? It is not against reason ? And to doe that which is nought , and then to affirme it by authoritie , young schollers haue learned to hisse it out , and yet our Rabbins vse it themselues , and cannot learne to denie it when it is vsed of others . Againe in authoritie we know that it is required , both that the author be not deceiued ( for if he be blind , the blind followeth the blind ) & also that we be sure , that he will let vs know the truth . But the holy Ghost saith all men are lyers , & therefore they will deceiue , and our knowledge is in part , & euen in that part of our ignorance may the controuersie fall out , and all our goodnesse is as a stained cloth , and therefore no warrant is for vs in men but in God onely , who hath all skill & goodnes , and therefore him we may follow , not men ; and vnlesse Christ come down and worke among vs we may follow no mans example : Cursed is the man , saith the Lord , Ierm . 17. that maketh flesh his arme : This Axiome and error was once in diuinitie : The Pope cannot erre , & therfore the curse of God was on it ; we at this day denie it , and say ; Pope , Councels & Church may erre . This we say and hold in diuinitie , but in morall matters , wherein are most slippes , wee haue let in the former Axiome . Here Protestants will set themselues vp a Pope , yea many Popes , but the curse of God remaineth on it ; for flesh is their arme . With great reason therefore the holy Ghost setteth it downe . This were plaine enough , if men had not a prodigious spirit of errour in them : but for all this , this is the fig-tree still , and they that haue eaten the forbidden fruit come hither for fig-leaues , Rabble such a one . Looke through the bookes of the Prophets , and you shall heare the people alwaies answere : our fathers did it , our Princes gaue vs leaue , our Prophets defended it . Let vs resume the argument of the Eunuch to Micheas , he saith : behold all speake good to the King , for therein lieth the force of his argnment : for it is as forcible to a carnall man to say the King would haue it so , as all the Prophets to denie it . Now I will shew you how a King was moued with this argument , that you may see the force of it . 1. Sam. 29. Dauid must be gone from Achish , to morrow before day , saith the King , looke you be gone . Why , saith Dauid , what haue I done ? thou hast done good in my sight , saith the King , neither haue I found any euill in thee . Why then must I goe ? my Princes fauour thee not , saith the King , they thinke thou art not good . Is that enough ? Dauid proceedeth and defendeth himselfe . The King replieth ; thou art in my sight as an Angell of heauen , but the princes of my people will haue thee gone . Here the King is carried away with his Rabbins . A strange thing that the King should thrust him out , whom his owne heart iustified , for two or three sonnes of Beliall . Ioh. 7. they send to Christ two or three to entrap him in his speech : they returne and say , we neuer heard man speake as hee doth : this was it onely that caried them , Doe any of the Scribes and Pharisies , or of the rulers fauour him ? But ( Ioh. 19. ) yee shall see the strangest thing of al , they would haue Christ to be put to death , wee haue a law , say they , by which he must dye . The maior followeth , for he made himselfe the sonne of God , the law is Leuit. 24. So that their syllogisme might seeme very good , but their minor was naught . Well the law would nothing moue Pilate , therefore they seeke a new argument for Pilate , and that is : If you let him goe Pilate , you are not Caesars friend . Presently against his owne conscience hee condemneth him to death . Will you not doe it , why Caesar will haue it so ? yee see then what force is in this Logicke argument , and no doubt it will moue , vnles wee put off both Pilates and King Achish nature . 12 Euery sin hath two reasons for it , an open and a secret reason ; the open is to blind the world withall : yee shall see it in Iudas , his open reason was the poore : better it is the poore should bee prouided for , than waste should bee made : his secret argument was the bagge , hee carried the bagge , and paid himselfe for the carrying . So that whatsoeuer they pretend , the secret reason is the bagge . The second argument is made out of the Smiths forge , but schollers cannot answere it . By Diana wee get our gold , saith Demetrius , and therefore great is Diana : So that Diana shall be great , if wee can get by het . This is their secret argument : profit makes it honest . Thirdly , we set downe with our selues euen to consume our selues , so we may get . And for this looke , 1. Sam. 23. in Sauls oration : Hearken yee sonnes of I●mini , can this sonne of Ishai giue you fields and vineyards , and make you captaines ouer hundreds and thousands ? No , no , it is I that can doe it : and will yee then follow him ? So that he that can preferre you , or giue you a field or a vineyard either in Church or Common-wealth , him yee follow . So Balaac saith to Balaam . Why come ye not when I sent for you ? am not I able to preferre you ? So that is alwaies their inward argument , whatsoeuer is pretended outward . Their fourth reason is this . It is foolish to stand against him : the King will haue it so , hee will haue the vineyard , so that Naboth was a foole to dye . Let vs come to the open reasons for sinne , which are two : Commaundement to doe the sinne , or example for it ; commaundement from them in authoritie , example from the learned : for commandement you shall see it in Esay . 36 Rabsakah his commandement , the King saith so , he bid ▪ me doe it . Now if he had spoken this of Dauid as he did of Rabsakah a most wicked wretch , yet had it not been enough for his warrant . For , if that were sufficient , then were it enough to slay Amon at Absolons commaundement , and as soone as the seruants shall haue taken witnesse that their master gaue them leaue or bad them they might kill Amon , they might doe it ; and because Iesabel commandeth to slay Naboth , the Elders may by this reason lawfully slay him , if they bee so wise as to keepe Iezabels letters to shewe for themselues . And if Plato could say , that the Common-wealth is like a fish , that perisheth first at the head , and as a cunnies skinne that strippeth off easily , vntil it come at the head , & there stayeth ; so alwayes reformation stayeth there . The second argument , which is example , ye shall finde , Ierem. 18. The Iewes being reproued of Ieremy say , Come , let vs imagine somewhat against him , let vs smite him with the tongue . Why ? Counsaile shall not perish from the Priests : We follow them , therefore we cannot erre . Can my Lord Pashur not know this , and shall it be reuealed to this Ieremie ? So in the Gospell : Can Caiphas and Annas not knowe this Christ , and shall we receiue him ? Nicodemus was learned , and saide , you may not condemne this man : Oh : say they , you must looke better on your booke : Caiphas he saith , you are starke fooles , and see nothing , better it is that one die , than the people perish . Looke what the statutes of Omrie will affoord , and Achab suffer , so farre God shall bee serued : but if Caesar bid me doe no more , God shall haue no more . At the first comming to Balaac Balaam thrice setteth down a good proposition , I would wee could followe it ; I would not for this house full of gold doe otherwise : he thought by keeping this good rule to haue beene preferred by the King. But the King saith to him , goe your wayes , I had thought to haue preferred you : and afterward for lesse than halfe a house full of gold hee willeth the King to mingle harlots with the children of Israel , so to cause them to sin . And this I see to be generall in men , that if they presse not , and guide not their affections by the word , they wil carry them away . 13 Euery sinne hath a small beginning . First the diuell will craue of vs to yeelde him but a little , but in the end he will come further . Hee will , and so will his champions at the first binde vs with a little corde , that we may breake when we list : but in the end it groweth to a rope , and then we cannot breake it . Moses would not yeeld for one hoofe , because hee had no commaundement for it . A marueilous strange fellow , will he not yeeld a little ? what not for so little as for an hoofe ? why men thinke it nothing to yeeld a little , de minimis non ●urat lex . But a great matter is made of a little pricke , and a great tree will arise of a little mustard seede . CHAP. XXIIII . Of Examination of our selues , and of all things by their issues : and how to gouerne the Eyes . IF when God doth crosse vs with punishments , we doe not examine the whole processe of our proceedings and imaginations , wee profite not . 2 Wee must search our owne hearts carefully , how well soeuer others report of vs : for wee may speake of our selues of knowledge , when others doe speake of charitie . 3 If wee will truly examine our selues , then let vs set our selues before the Lord , who shall and will examine quick and dead : for to him wee must render a iust account , and then let vs tremble and feare , and so trie whether the Lord doth allow of our doing : if he doe , and we haue a warrant out of his word , then may we haue comfort though trouble come thereof . But if we cannot tremble nor cannot see our hearts , and if the Lord looke not to vs , to shewe vs our hearts , wee haue to feare and know that our cause is not right . Therefore when we will effectually performe this dutie , let vs set Gods feare before vs , which may subdue our affections & reasons , otherwise our affections will controll vs , and our reason will carry away our hearts , which in it hath many starting holes . But if we feele that our affections are subdued , and that our reason will subscribe to those things that are contrary thereto : then let vs trie our worke by the word ; whereto if it be agreeable , then will the Lord allow of it , though not as perfect , yet in his sonne Christ. This is the way to raise vs when we are fallen , to strengthen vs when we stand , and euer to maintaine the peace of our consciences . 4 It is a blessed rule , to learne to iudge our selues , that we be not iudged of the Lord , if we ( considering any sinne in vs ) then straightway by the word learne to amend it . But if we doe it not , then certainly the Lord will iudge either in this world , or in the world to come : for sinne cannot be allowed , but must needes be iudged . Then if we by Gods spirit bee not taught to iudge our selues , and so to lament our sinnes , wee cannot preuent Gods iudgement , but the Lord will take the cause into his owne hands ; and then if we be his , hee will not cease till he hath brought vs to him ; and if wee belong not to him , then will it be corruption in our bones , till it hath consumed vs. 5 Iob. chap. 21. from the seuenth vers . to the fourteenth , doth describe the vaine conuersation and merie li●es ( as they say ) of impious men . Whereon an old writer saith thus : O Iob , thou hast well described the life of wicked men : now let vs heare what is their ende , whereby wee bee taught to haue a speciall respect to the end . Philosophie teacheth vs to iudge of euery motion , by the terme or point wherein it tendeth : wee may not so much regard the way , for a man may goe through a faire ci●●e to execution , and that is an ill motion . And againe a man may goe to a feast through a blind lane , and this we count a good motion . It is our common prouerbe , That is well which endeth well . We must therefore carefully examine the end of all our wayes : A man may goe for a time by the gallerie of merrie deuices , but they helpe not long , for the end of them is iudgment . Eccles. 11. In the latter end , wee shall see all vaine delights come to iudgement . Now therefore let vs preuent that iudgement ( as we be warned ) by iudging our selues , and the continuall meditations of iudgement . This is a medicine whereby if we profit , it is bitter and wholesome as the treacle : but if we doe not , it is a poyson bitter and deadly . Let vs remember iudgement in the midst of the desires of our hearts , and delights of our eyes . 6 Let vs learne how to order our eyes : for we know in what case Cham was , when hee saw his fathers nakednesse . Such are the senses as are the thoughts that arise by them . The eye is not euill , but we iudge of it by the effects , Prou. 17. 1. 1. Sam. 18. Prou. 3. Psal. 101. 5. if good things can cleare thy sight , vse them . Let vs make conscience of our eyes : our Sauiour Christ saith , If thine eye offend thee , plucke it out : if thou doest not vse thine eye well , thou wilt wish thou hadst plucked it out in good earnest , make cōscience of motes , Mat. 7. Iob saith , I haue made a couenant with mine eyes . Psal. 119 part . 5. Lord turne away mine eyes , least they behold vanitie . Lament . 3. Ieremie crieth out , Death hath entred into my soule ( as ) by windowes . And againe , Mine eye is my Death ▪ Dauids song is to be noted : Thy iudgements are euer in my sight . God commaunded Lot that he should not looke backe to Sodome : but Abraham looked towards it , and hee saw the smoke ascend . Let vs keepe our mindes well exercised , and our eyes may goe whether they will : for then the eye in seeing seeth not , the minde seeth , and the minde heareth . But if a man be inwardly affected , as Dauid was , after his after-noone sleepe , wee thinke of things that neuer were nor shall be . And yet otherwhiles though a man bee in great contemplation , yet such is our corruption , that if there stand an euill thing before vs , we must needes looke on it . Therefore wee had neede make a couenant with our eyes , that is the surest way . We will end this with that good counsell : Gouerne thy selfe , take heede , and be safe : but yet more safe , if thou doest not fasten thine eye vpon the tree of life . 7 That we may the better know ourselues , let vs learne also to examine and know our sinnes well , which are often cloked and couered vnder nature and grace : We doe not fall at the first into grosse sinnes , but by degrees , as Christ reckoning the retentiues , Matth , 22. which keepe vs from the meanes , as farmes , oxen , mariage , &c. And Paul reckoning the workes of darknes , peraduenture would not satisfie a carnall man in his computation , hee maketh mention of banquetings , feastings , &c. These things seeme lawfull , but certainly and of a truth , sinne lies hidden in them , and these things may turne to our ruine . Sin is a cunning and skilfull suiter , shee playeth as Harlots , who seeing and obseruing the grauitie and modestie of former ages , as though they were very demure matrons , would not at the first shew their faces , as we may see in Thamar : but the world groweth bigger and prouder in sinne , they began to withdraw their vailes , and were not ashamed to become shamelesse and impudently bold . So sinne at the first modestly insinuateth herselfe vnto vs , vnder the vaile of things lawfull , which no man can denie , vntill hauing by little and little corrupted vs , she doth boldly vncouer her selfe in things vnlawfull vnto vs. And that shee might find the more courteous entertainment at our hand , she commeth not alone , but either she getteth into the companie of nature , or she creepeth into familiaritie with grace : that being with these , for her companions sake at the least , shee may not haue repulse . As Achab said , so saith shee , I would not haue come hither , but for Iehosaphat . For wee know it often comes to passe , that we are content to admit and receiue some for their companions sake , who if they came alone should scarsely bee welcome at our hands . This sinne knoweth well , and therefore sometimes she comes hand in hand with nature , that is , in such behauiour as naturally we like and are affected with ; as sometimes in ioyes , if we be of a lighter mould ; sometime in griefe , if we be of a sadder sod : sometime she commeth cheeke by cheeke with grace , as our Sauiour Christ sheweth vs , hypocrisie , to come in prayer , fasting , and almesgiuing , &c. It is not like that Salomon at the first lept into idolatry , nay by degrees his heart was stollen away with the immoderate and excessiue vse of things , in their owne vse and nature lawfull . And therefore the Saints of God haue rather chosen to sit a little on this side of them , than to iumpe and iustle hard by them ; as we may see in Timothie and in Elias , 1. King. 19. who was faine twice to be called vpon by the Angell to rise vp and eate Salomon did begin to build , yea he began to build the Lords house , 2. King. 6. & 7. &c. and yet ( as all good writers agree ) excessiue building was the beginning of his falling away . He was building the Lords house seuen yeeres , but in building his owne house hee was thirteene yeeres . This growing in proportion , when he would exceed the Lords work , this drawing out of his building was the onely thing that the Scriptures haue left vnto vs , as a note of his falling away , to teach vs that by the vse euen of lawful things our hearts be seduced , and by degrees hardened to fall away from the liuing God. For if we loue a thing excessiuely , our loue groweth to lust , and our lust drawes on to the often vse , and brings on custome , custome at the length brings necessitie . Thus when we find too much reliefe in things , we fall in such a loue with Aegypt , and in such a disliking of Canaan , that we will neuer depart , but we will still dwell by our flesh-pots . Well then wee say thus , the farme is no sinne : but when the farme holdeth vs backe from grace , and the meanes of grace , then is it sinne vnto vs. CHAP. XXV . Of the exercises of religion , fasting , &c. and of the carefull vse of the meanes at all times . WE must not tarie to fast vntill the trumpet be blowne , and the bell be rung : but we must fall downe at the trumpet of Gods word , and at the bel of our guiltie conscience : for without this priuate exercise we are but hypocrites in publike fasts . 2 Our holy daies may be the fittest & most conueniēt times for fasting daies : because wee may then best redeeme the time in resting from our calling . 3 All our exercises in godlinesse must principally respect two things : first , Gods glorie : secondly , our edification and increase of faith and repentance : otherwise to our selues they are vaine and fruitlesse . 4 Albeit the Lord hath appointed ordinarie causes , yet hee hath reserued in his owne soueraigne and iurisdiction , the staffe of them , the vertue , infusion , and working of them . For as the Physition prescribing a medicine made with wine , it is not the bare wine which nourisheth , though it be the instrument to conuey the more principall thing vnto vs , but it is the thing steeped in the wine that worketh : so although we haue things ministred vnto vs by the best meanes , vnlesse the Lord put in his staffe , all is vaine . For as we may see some fed with cordiall and nutritiue meates , notwithstanding labour of a consumption : so wee shall see others sed with water-grewell , and yet to bee very well nourished . On this manner God worketh with the meanes , and thus hee can worke without the meanes : because the Lord would shew that he reserueth a power beyond meanes . Although he established all things in a mutuall course , yet he brought forth euery thing without meanes : so the light was created the first day , the Sunne the fourth day . Men seeing their corne not to grow , crie for raine , but hearbes and fruits grew before raine . True it is that we looke for things ordinarily now by meanes , but they began without meanes : as God making man at the first without seede , now will increase them by seede , his blessing being with his ordinance , and not else . But behold a further thing , God worketh not onely by meanes and without meanes , but also contrary to all meanes . Christ when hee would restore sight to the blind man , doth it with that meanes which ( we thinke ) would put out a mans eyes , and blind the sight of him that can see : whereby hee sheweth that euen contrary things obey him . Eliah 1. King. 4. to make salt water sweete , putteth salt into them . Such is the power of our God , who bringeth light out of darknes , which is the destruction of the light . 5 As naturall men vse Gods creatures to stirre vp a naturall comfort : so spirituall men must vse spirituall meanes for spiritual comfort . For all things which haue a singular good vse , may haue a singular abuse : wherefore wee must vse sanctified things with sanctified hearts , least abusing holy things , we be giuen ouer to a vaine minde . 6 When the Lord will haue a thing come to passe , hee will also graunt the meanes : so when the Lord will make his people gracious , hee will giue them good Ministers and wise Magistrates , and so make them to be feared of their enemies . Againe , when the Lord will make a people odious , hee will powre contempt vpon Princes , and take wisedome away from the Ministers . Where we see what neede wee haue to pray for our Ministers and Magistrates . Againe , wee see that if wee would be gracious and in fauour with any , wee must looke that we haue such things in vs as may procure their fauour : as when that Timothy was exhorted to be without blame , his vertues were rehearsed . For the graces of God must onely make vs gracious : but if we haue not receiued them , no cause why we should be gracious . 7 What promise soeuer we haue of God , wee must wholy rest on that without distrust : and yet must we vse the lawfull meanes which he hath appointed , least we tempt him . 8 We must learne not to tempt God , for it is not of faith to omit any meanes , that may helpe vs out of daunger , yet must we apply our meanes to God , and not put our trust in them , but in God : which wee may trie by this , if our hearts bee as carefull to feele the forgiuenes of sinnes , to heare the word , to vse prayer , Sacraments , and admonition , as wee b● to be deliuered from our troubles , then haue we a testimonie of a sound heart : but if we be carelesse of these , and yet in trouble will leaue no meanes vnattempted , then we may well iudge that our heart is more set on earthly than heauenly things , and wee bee as yet more carnall than spirituall . 9 If wee haue lawfull meanes to get our liuing wee must vse them ; if we doe , and yet want , we must still depend on God. Likewise in sicknesse when we may vse the Physition it is well ▪ but if he cannot be had , or if wee cannot recouer health by his meanes , then must we not despaire , but depend vpon the Lord. So when the Lord giueth vs his word , we may not looke for reuelations , but vse it while we haue it : but if the word bee taken away , then may we be wel assured , that he wil vse some meanes to instruct vs. So not despayring when we haue not the meanes , and ascribing all honour to God when wee haue them ( as Moses taught the Israelites ) wee shall bee more readie to glorifie him in our suffering , being well assured that thus he deales with vs , that he may more speedily and richly crown our sufferings . And thus doth our Sauiour Christ reason with Peter , when he drew his sword to defend Christ being but a priuate man , saying , Cannot my father send legions of Angels for my defence ? as if hee said , vse no vnlawfull meanes to defend me : for if my father would that I should be deliuered from these , he would also send lawfull meanes to bring the same to passe : but seeing hee depriueth mee of all meanes , and doth not worke extraordinarily for my defence , it is his pleasure that I by suffering should worke your deliuerance : wherefore I am contented so to doe . In like manner did the three children answere the King : The Lord can aeliuer vs , yet if he will not , we will suffer according to his pleasure . If we could exercise our selues well in this and like good meditations , wee might be kept by Gods grace from murmuring , and laarne to rest patiently on the good will and pleasure of the Lord. 10 This is the way wee must vse in trouble : first to seeke counsell of God in his word , then to giue our selues to feruent prayer , and after to vse the meanes which God hath appointed , not trusting in them . This did Iacob when he was to pacifie his brother Esau at his returne , and thus did the Israelites at the red sea , they prayed and then they assayed to goe through the sea , and preuailed to the confusion of all their enemies . 11 We must vse the meanes , yet such as are most safe , and neerest hand , which if they will not preuaile , then may we goe yet further : but when we vse the meanes , then also we goe to the Lord , otherwise the Lord will infatuate vs in the meanes , or make them vnprofitable ; as in Asa , because he being sick , sought first to the Physitions , and not to the Lord , he dyed thereon . So we see in Iosiah , who though he were a good man , yet because he went to warre without the counsell of the Lord , was slaine in the same battell . So is it Iudg. 20. they which had a good cause , were twice ouercome in warre , because they sought not to the Lord , but when they sought to him by prayer , * then they ouercame . Contrarily wee see in Ezekiah and other Kings , that because they prayed to the Lord , and then sought other meanes , the Lord gaue them notable victories . Otherwise hee may depriue vs of the knowledge of the meanes , or if we haue them , yet he will make them without fruite . First then we must preuaile with God by faith and praier , before that by meanes we can well preuaile against our enemies . Many wanting this good course , and trusting to their owne wits , and such like , haue failed of all their purposes . Wherefore when we haue vsed the meanes and be not helped , we must consider that we haue not vsed the right meanes ; or if we had them , we haue vsed them amisse ; or if we haue vsed them rightly , yet let vs consider that our sinnes haue deserued that we should not profit by them . CHAP. XXVI . Of the gouernment of the Eyes . GReat complaint is made of the wickednesse of these dayes , and all the blame is laide vpon the heart . I thinke indeed it deserueth a great part of it , but the sight of the eye is not to be excused : for the hart is a spring , and hath spouts to send out as a conduit , and pipes wherewithall it is fedde , which may be gathered out of the nature of the holie tongue , where one word * signifieth both an eye and a spring , and it is as commonly taken for the one as for the other : and therfore Hierome calleth the eyes the streames or springs of lust . Though the heart had no pipes to conuey in , yet it would ouerflow , such is the measure and abundance of corruption which lieth in it , breaking forth continually . It is not onely true , that from the abundance of the hart the mouth speaketh , the hand worketh , &c. but also from the abundance of the senses , the heart thinketh . Therefore as the tongue must be blamed and that iustly , so the eyes ought to weepe , because of the euil which they conuey vnto the heart ; and so much the rather , for that the tongue doth disclose what euil proceedeth into it , but the eye keepeth it close , which is a thing more perillous . Againe , the sight of the eye stirreth vp the thoughts of the heart , though they be a sleepe , when as good things should rather be conueyed by the eye into the heart , seeing no goodnes groweth there naturally . 2 The eye is such a thing , that the Scriptures speaking of it , by a synecdoche ( as we say ) vnder this one sense , it comprehendeth all other things of the same kinde : as vnder one principall thing bidden or forbidden in the Decalogue , many other inferior things of the same kinde , be either commanded or inhibited . I will neuer beleeue , when Dauid praied that his eyes might be turned from beholding of vanitie , that hee was negligent touching his eares , and regarded not that they should be open to heare what they would . And there is no sense to thinke , that when Iob made a couenant with his eyes , he had no care of his eares . But both of these were holy men , and were acquainted with the di●lect of the holy Ghost . It is a rule in policie : To watch on all sides , where assault is made on all sides . And for as much as we stand in the midst to be assaulted with principalities , and not only with spirituall wickednesses , but also with worldly wickednes in euery sense , and power of the minde , we ought to defend all ports , and make all the commandements as * large as wee can : for we know that in a citie if one gate be open , it is as good that all be open . For at one gate it may be taken . So that all the senses ought to be kept , but especially the eye , which order is in the commandements . For though in euery commandement God doth but name one sinne , yet it is captaine sinne , and a generall sinne . And surely from the senses corruptions are drawne indifferently , yet from the eye most of all . Take an example , let a man see a strange punishment of God for any sinne , and he is moued : but let relation of it bee made vnto him , and halfe the efficacie thereof is lost . But indeed the example of all examples to make short is this : The ioyes of heauen , which are to be reuealed to the children of God , let them bee tolde and preached , as they are preached and taught , it is a maruaile to see howe soone wee are a sleepe , yet the least sight of it seene of the Apostles , did driue them into an extasie . Besides , this sense moueth so much the more , in that it goeth to worke immediately , but the eare goeth to worke by meanes , and standeth vpon credit , or else it will not beleeue , and this credit standeth to be examined , and it may light vpon such an examiner as Thomas was . Secondly it is soone gone , though we heare it neuer so well , yet we desire to see it . The eye pierceth most of all , as we may see in Iacob , for although he had heard of the estate of Ioseph , yet his heart wauered : but when he saw the chariots it wrought something , and his conclusion was , I will go downe and see Ioseph . This is the end of all the senses , to end in this sense . 3 This is generall , that the eye is most forcible to sinne , now let vs shew that it is most forcible to moue to sinne . It is dangerous to heare , but tenne times more dangerous to see , for then the meanes be strengthened : and though the meanes be but small , yet there is such a tinder in our nature that it will soone take fire , and if the eye be darke , a generall darknesse commeth ouer the whole bodie . The beginning of this is to be seene , Genes . 3. in the talke betweene the Serpent and the woman . She seeth the tree to be faire and beautifull , the eye had offended , before the apple went downe her throat Therfore one of the Fathers saith , Pluck out that eye : and they note further , that because by the eye came the greatest hurt , therefore God hath placed in the eye the greatest token of sorrow , for from them come teares . This may be seene in couetousnes , as in Achab , who looking through the window saw the vineyard of Naboth , and straight he would haue had it , and if he could haue had it by lawe , hee would haue bought it . But , because Naboth would not sell it him , Iezabel would giue it him . For adulterie is too plaine : for the eye is alwaies the broker , as wee see both in Sichem and Dauid . This word , they sawe , came alwaies betweene this sinne and the heart . For idlenes and negligence , Ecces . 11. it is said , he that obserueth the winde , hee shall neuer be good sower , nor good haruest man. For apparell , Ezech. 23. 16. the Israelites sawe an Assyrian in his painted apparell , and would needs haue the like : so that the eye is that which maketh the bargaine . Wee say commonly , let vs goe see it , the sight of it will doe vs no harme . This is the diuels policie to perswade vs , that there is no danger in that which may most intangle vs : we see how it preuailed in Adam , when hee was content to see , and that was Sathans meanes , when he tempted Christ to shew him all the kingdoms of the world . Well , we see what danger there is in the senses , and specially in the eye . 4 There is in euery man since Adams fall the diuels promise fulfilled , that their eyes should be opened : and this as it was the first punishment , so it was not the least : and besides this , it is an argument of follie : for Salomon saith , A fooles eyes are in all the corners of the world , and a wise mans eyes are in his head . I looked into the streetes , Prouerb . 7. and sawe a young man , &c. Looke what obiects our eyes doe see , such are our actions , as it is saide of Iacobs sheepe looking on the rods , they brought sorth young coloured like the rods , not like themselues : so our actions are like the obiects of our eyes . The eye goeth before , and bringeth the hart after : and as Salomon saith , he knoweth not that there is a snare . And what followeth ? euen that which Gregorie saith , that the innocent beholding , becomes nocent or hurtfull by sight : and his reason is , for what he beheld vnaduisedly , he cannot forsake willingly : and hee addeth yet another reason of this , for that which pleaseth the sense , best liketh vs. Here is a sensuall appetite : for as where the paine is , there is the hand : so where our loue is fastened , there our eye is fixed . The eye is not satisfied with seeing , what then ? Surely as this was the first degree of walking , the heart followed the eye : so is it the second degree , as saith Gregorie . He that vseth the outward eye negligently , hath a blind eye within : and it is a * second consequent , the heart being corrupted , it doth corrupt the eye : for the heart will leade the eye to seeke all manner of euill sights for it . So we become such as are mentioned , Numb . 7. As goe after their owne eyes . 3 Againe , Gregorie here saith : Consider what a shame it is for men to sin in that from which women are commanded to abstaine . The Apostle vseth a word , strange and seldome vsed in those that writ since the Apostles time , it is to note the strangenes of apparell . The law of nature condemneth it . Augustine saith , He that exceedeth the boundes of custome in outward things , is a very wicked man. Ezech. 23. we see the iudgement of God vpon them , for looking on strange apparel . Zephan . 2. 1. God , saith he , will sit in iudgement vpon the Kings sonnes , and then what shall become of the base people ? And thus much for the fashion , now for the cost : for the Apostle forbiddeth also costly or pretious apparell . He that breaketh into these expences of apparell , more than is beseeming * his state , he is a theefe . There is yet a third thing 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 we must thinke that he meant by this * the putting on of apparell . It is that whereof a Father speaketh , They pray for one minute , and be an whole houre in attyring themselues . And yet we haue renounced this in our Baptisme with all the vanities of the world , which the sonnes of Beliall must inuent , and we must practise . To conclude , note one thing in Saint Barnards sermon which he made vpon the celebration of S. Iohn Baptists day , where he speaketh to his auditorie on this wise : Whose memorie doe ye celebrate this day ? Is this ●one in vaine delight , or shew of gay attire ? what is t●●● to Iohn ? what , you would haue vs goe in Iohn Baptists coate ? I wish not that thou beest like him i● attire , but yet I would not you should be flat contrarie . Finally , this is the accusation of Corah and his companie , Numb . 16. What will yee pull Gods Prophets eyes out of their heads ? ●o , but we would haue them vsed to the glorie of God , as all the members ought to be . 6 The Seraphins were full of eyes , betokening they see euery way some thing to glorifie God. Though other men haue indulgencie for their sight , yet the sonnes of the Prophets are called seers for the vse of their eyes , they must needs vse them . The high places were frequented of the Prophets and Patriarches that from them they might see medowes full of grasse , fields full of corne , riuers , townes , and many things , to consider the greatnes and goodnes of God , that beholding these they might be drawne as Dauid was , into that meditation , What is man ? and as Christ in beholding the lillies , are ye not much better than they ? These hils had this good vse at the first , but afterwards they were vsed to il practises . There was not one of the Prophets that vsed not this helpe . Things past and present ( saith one ) are shadowes of things to come . And no doubt though they had speciall reuelation , yet they vsed the view of their present estates , and did in wisedome foresee many things , and we , if we laid wel our estates with them , might be more wise to foresee things to come . The Prophets had their notes wherein they did insert those actions which they sawe in their times , and so they made vse of that they saw ; besides the reading of histories , which is also lawfull and commended in Assuerus , and Daniel 11. Augustine maketh two questions : What went yee out into the wildernesse to see ? water changed into wine ? this yee may see and not goe thither . Or went yee not to see the bush burne and not consume ? as you may see the water turned into wine without the desert , in that the Lord bringeth it through the vine tree : so this also ye may see daily great fires made to consume the Church , and it perisheth not . What went yee into the histories to see ? There are as great things ( saith he ) in our daies done for the Church by Constantine , as hath been before time ; there are now as great abominations , as strange iudgements , and so sufficient in euery age to proue the Lords arme is not shortened , and to confirme vs in Gods promises , if al the histories in the world were burnt . If we did ( as God keepes a bottell for our teares , and a booke of remembrance for our good workes ) keepe an Ephemerides of the actions of our time : we might say with Dauid , I neuer saw the godly begging their bread : I haue seene the wicked flourish , and I beheld againe , &c. Thus we might come by good experience . It is said for her commendation , that she is the mistris of fooles , for that she teacheth very plainly . Againe , howsoeuer Aristotle saith , Hearing is the sense of learning , and of wisedome ; yet the eye is the sense of certeaintie : God said therefore , I will go downe and see . God saw , saith the Scripture . The wise men say in the Gospell , Let vs goe to Bethlehem to see . The Apostle Thomas is discommended for not beleeuing , till he saw and felt ; and Mary is commended for her quicke beleeuing : But a man compassed with infirmitie , may say with Gregorius Magnus . Thomas doubting hath more profited me , than Maries beleeuing . If we could well see we should eschue that foolish question , How commeth it to passe , that these daies are worse than the former times ? which Salomon saith , is follie to aske . The sight of some present iudgements are an amazing without knowledge of some of the former times , & they of the former times doubtfull without these . So there are two vses of this , prudence , and certaintie : The third vse is , that the workers of vanitie may know that they are seene , which thinking they are not , say in their secret hearts , who seeth ? they thinke they walke in a clowde , but this would restraine them from much wickednesse . But there are two sorts of the contrarie , the one of them that will not set themselues to inquire , what is amisse , as those that follow Absalom and Ishmael . There be others that see and will not , as the souldiers : the other are blinde , these blinde themselues and the people . There must be one Elias to see , and that to keepe the wicked in awe . To conclude this with Augustine , graunt me this one simple request , which is , that you would come and see , and yet after ye shall examine it , ye shall finde that there is not any one greater thing to be respected . CHAP. XXVII . Of faith , iustification by faith , of iustice , and iust men , and of feeling . THere is a generall faith , that is common to the godly with the wicked , and a particular faith : the generall faith beleeuing that God is , and that he is such a God as he is manifested to be in his word : the particular faith more neerely applieth the things spoken of God to our selues . This particular , is either of the Lawe or of the Gospell : of the Lawe as an actiue faith , of the Gospell as a passiue faith . That I call actiue , which apprehendeth that which the Law promiseth , that is , if we keepe euery iot of the Law , and continue in it , we shall liue by it . That I call a passiue faith which apprehendeth that , which the Gospell offereth , that is righteousnesse done by another , and imputatiue , not done by vs as inherent , as when we seeke the doing of the Law not within our selues , but without our selues , beleeuing it to be done by another , which we so through faith doe attaine as if we should fulfill the Law in our owne persons . The actiue faith was in Adam ; and it may be in the diuell and most wicked ; and yet none of them hauing the iustifying faith : for Adam knew , that so long as he kept the will of God , he should liue , who at that time had not passiue nor iustifying faith , because as it was needlesse , so it was vnknowne to him , no sinne as yet being committed : and therefore no obedience of any other Mediatour for the forgiuenesse of sinne required . The diuels may haue this , to beleeue that had they not broken the law of God , they should haue liued and not haue seene damnation : so may also the wicked beleeue ; and yet because neither of these doe beleeue , that they shall be iustified before God by the righteousnesse of another , couering their vnrighteousnesse , they haue not the true iustifying faith . The actiue faith is either of the iustice of God , or of his iudgements : of his iustice either in bidding good things , or in forbidding euill things : of his iudgements either in promising life to the obedient , or in threatning death to the disobedient . The passiue faith respecteth both the end , which is saluation it selfe , and the meanes which bring vnto the end : the end as to beleeue , that Christ Iesus is made of God to vs wisedome , righteousnesse , sanctification and redemption : the meanes , as the right vse of the word , prayer , and Sacraments , &c. 2 They which beleeue not Gods word and holy promises , cannot perceiue when he fulfilleth them : Moses beleeuing the promises of the Manna before , did behold and consider of the trueth of all Gods promises when he saw them performed : but the Israelites not beholding it before , now when God performed it , they knew not what it meant This we see in the threatnings of God , which when they are not beleeued , then if the Lord strike such with sickenes , &c. they thinke it is fortune , or some other chance , and so profit nothing by it . And so when the Lord helpeth out of any danger , and we beleeue not his promise , made to vs before ; then we attribute it to physicke , or some other meanes , and so are neuer thankefull . 3 If we cannot rest by faith in the fauour of God , though we want outward things , it is certaine that we neuer truely esteemed the fauour of God : and those neuer felt truly the forgiuenes of their sinnes , which hauing it , cannot be content to forgoe other things : we must then learne to rest in the fauour of God whatsoeuer it bringeth with it . 4 This is true faith when we yeeld to the word and beleeue it , though we feele not the effect : for when we beleeue after experience , this is experimentall and hath not such commendations . And this is so also in the threatnings , when we measure them not by our senses : but when we heare him threaten vs for some sinne which is in vs , then we certainly beleeue that he will punish , and therefore we tremble and studie to preuent that wrath . And as we preuent the threatnings , by giuing credit to the bare word : so that is true faith in the promises when we beleeue them , though we feele not the effect : for feeling is the effect of faith . Therefore when we are in miserie , euen then hearing and recording Gods promises , we must beleeue them and rest in them , though we feele not present comfort . And this is the cause why we cannot see God when he accomplisheth his promise , because at the first we did not beleeue his word when we heard it . And this is the cause that sinners cannot yeeld when they are punished , but doe make a stumbling blocke of that which should leade them to repentance . And this is the cause that any of Gods children doe profit in humilitie before God by afflictions , because they first gaue some credit to the word , though in much weakenes & dulnes . But the wicked are so by the diuel bewitched , that they can profit nothing by their afflictions , because they first hardened their hearts against the word . 5 Noah , Iob , Zacharie , Cornelius were iust men , but we must know the two Courts of Iustice : The first is the Kings Bench , where yee haue strict iustice , the other is the Chancerie , where there is a mittigation of that strict course of iustice . In the first court there is none found iust ; in the second court of acceptation , some are accepted for iust men By his strict iustice God requireth that we keepe all the commandements , that we haue but one ende , that we neuer swarue from God. In his court of acceptation he requireth first , that we haue an endeuour to keepe all , a full purpose to haue respect to all ; to flatter our selues in no sinne , but being tolde of it , to be readie to lament : this God for his Christ accepteth for obedience to all his commaundements . Secondly , for our end if we haue a generall intent , though we faile in some , God iudgeth the lesse by the greater . Thirdly , if we be willing to lose in sundrie cases our goods , and all we haue , rather than displease God. Fourthly , God accepteth for continuance , if we striue to continue , if we fall yet seldome , and rise quickly , and runne more swiftly . In respect of our neighbour , God accepteth vs , if we keepe our vocation , till for the further benefit of the Church we be called for . Secondly , if we be readie to commend good things in others as well as in our selues : and for that no man can be wholy loued , euery one hauing many euill things in himselfe , if when and where sinne ceaseth , our hatred also cease , and that we be readie also to giue him our helping hand to pull him out . In the courts of men we may say boldly some men are iust , of whom the Scripture saith , they were iust in their generation , when they with whom they liued had nothing to lay to their charge , and if they write a booke against them , they might ( as Iob saith ) carie it on their foreheads . And God iudgeth now by Christ , and he is the Mediatour . 6 Faith teacheth vs to iudge of things not according to the shew , but according to the end : for it seeth what kinde of pleasure bringeth sorrow , and what kinde of sorrow bringeth ioy in the end . If Moses hauing the word in Aegypt but by traditions , yet had a cleere iudgement of things by faith , how much more ought we to striue to this end , which haue the word cleerely reuealed vnto vs ? 7 In persecution it is the chiefest grace of faith , to suffer death for the truth , if neede require : but if we cannot attaine to this , yet to forsake all that we haue : and to flie rather than to communicate with the wicked Idolaters , and to dwell with false worshippers , yeeldes a good testimonie of a true faith . For so Christ and his Apostles did , yet some may better flie than others . 8 Euery faith is not a iustifying faith , but that which continueth in temptation , and bringeth fruite in patience . Wherefore let none presume on his faith till he see it tried by temptation . 9 Moses had a weake faith , yet was he carefull to be strengthened , and therefore fled to the Lord for succour : So must we in all our doings and troubles repayre vnto the Lord by prayers , so that we come in reuerence , keeping measure , willing to be satisfied , and trusting in the grace which the Lord giueth vs. 10 By faith we haue the right vse of Gods blessings , and by vnbeleefe we are depriued of the benefite of them , yea they are often turned to our hurt , if wee obserue not the rules that God hath giuen . Desire we then to haue the pure vse of Gods blessings ? let vs by ●aith receiue them , set our hearts vpon God that gaue them , not seeking our owne praise , applying them to the benefit of our brethren . If we haue this testimonie when we want them , we shall haue ioy , because we vsed them well whiles we had them . But if we be in want , and then remember we had them before , and our consciences tell vs , that we haue abused them , this will depriue vs of all comfort , and increase our sorrow . 11 The more familiarly God commeth neere vs , the more we goe from him . It is the great mercie of God , to see by faith the inward and spirituall blessings of Gods elect , and by faith to see the secret curse of God in the wicked . 12 The forgetting of the worke of God , either in our selues or in others , is the decay of faith . 13 If God watch ouer vs when we sleepe in vnbeleefe , much more will he doe it when we wake in faith . 14 He that beleeueth in many meanes , will also beleeue without * meanes : Gods benefits are as vailes betweene him and vs. 15 The children of God may aske of the Lord their doubts , so that they obserue : first , that we hold our selues within the compasse of Gods truth , which we must doe generally , though we cannot see a particular thing by reason . Secondly , that we come to aske with reuerence and feare . Thirdly , that we doe not so much dispute with God , as powre out our supplications before him . Fourthly , that we be willing to be resolued , and not willing to continue in , nor nourish a doubt in vs. Fiftly , neither must we looke for miracles , but be content that the Lord will giue vs by his word the certaintie of his most holy will. 16 There are three things whereby we may knowe whether we be in the right way or no , and they bee precious and deere in the sight of them that haue a care to please God. The first is their grosse temptations : for many trusting to good talke , good ed●cation , good companie , and thinking themselues well setled , are content to rest in these meanes , and trauell not to see their inward corruptions , and priuie temptations , which if they be burthensome vnto vs , and make vs ( as it were ) sicke to carrie them , it is a good token . The second thing is by marking our affections , if we loue nothing so much as the fauour of God , feare nothing so much as the losse of it , hauing found it , if we carefully keepe it ; and hauing lost it , if wee bee neuer quiet till wee recouer it , being content to want all things to haue it , not staying in the possession of all things if we want it , this is a good signe : for it is good to knowe the state of our affections , because , looke where willingly they rise and rest , there is our state to be seene . Thirdly , we may comfort our selues ( if we feare God ) in prosperitie , as well as in aduersitie , and loue God in aduersitie , as well as in prosperitie . For euerie man can feare him vnder the crosse , as Pharaoh , Saul , and Balaam , and euerie man can praise God in abundance , as who praised him more than Iobs wife in prosperitie ? 17 As a mans desire to any thing groweth or decreaseth ; so doth his endeuour and labour for the meanes . If thy desire be strong , then shall not light occasions withdraw thee from the meanes , but it must be a violent occasion and let , that shall stop the passage of thine endeuour and seeking after the meanes . This may be a rule to measure thy selfe by , and to examine thy proceeding in Christianitie . If thy desire to the word of God be but weake , then is thy care and trauaile but small : but if thy desire be doubled , then it becomes loue , which putteth out of vs a vehement and carefull trauaile , and seeking after it , and of auoyding the contrarie meanes that may withdraw thee from it , or quench thy desire . None can hunger but hee that feeleth himselfe emptie : no maruaile then if hee haue no hunger , which feeleth not his owne wants , seeing that feeling is the fountaine of hunger , as if our feeling be of sinne , then our hunger is after righteousnes and holines . For the feeling of sinne , is the mother of hunger after righteousnes . So that where hunger after righteousnes is , there must be also feeling of sinne , and where there is exceeding hunger , there must be needs an exceeding feeling : and on the other side , where there is a small and feeble hunger , there is a small and feeble ●eeling , and it is vnpossible to be otherwise . For he that feeleth his owne deadnes , wants , and impuritie in euery commandement , it is vnpossible , but this touch of glorie and dread of the bondage of sinne , should breed , and as it were ingender in his minde an extreame hunger and desire of vprightnesse , and obedience in euery commaundement . The children of God haue then to comfort themselues , in that they feele their impurenes of heart , and want of vprightnes in euery commandement , and deadnes to goodnes For this feare of bondage to sinne and Sathan , and this feeling of our owne wants and impuritie is quicknes , and liuing ; and this quicknes and life is by the spirit of Christ , and where the spirit of Christ is , there is life or liuing , and this is called regeneration and life euerlasting . So that if we weigh the difference of the quickning that is proper to the elect , that is to say , to hunger after righteousnes , and doe examine deepely and weigh that more than we doe the feeling of our confused estate , it is impossible but that we should find great comfort in sorrow , great light in darknes . I know indeed the reprobate or wicked are quickned in some sort by the spirit of Christ , But yet they tast not of this worke of his spirit , to wit , of mercie by loue of righteousnes : but by the power of it doe liue so , euen in feeling of Gods eternall iudgement without mercy , liuing continually in hatred of righteousnes , and in bondage of sinne and Sathan . 18 He that feareth hardnes of heart if he can but sigh and groane , because he feeleth his hardnes of heart , it is so much comfort vnto him , as it is a testimonie that his heart is not altogether hardened : so that if thou feelest sorrow indeed , although thou weepest not , yet thou maist gather comfort , considering that that sorrow is for sin , with a loue and hunger after God : if thy assaults be distrust , pride , arrogancie , ambition , enuie , concupiscence as hot as the fire of the furnace all the day long : and though Sathan layeth on oyle in great measure , and out of all measure , that it is of the wonderfull strength & goodnes of the Lord that thou standest ; and though thy prayers be dull and full of wearisomnes , so that strife and waies also to all goodnes be so hard to thee , that thou canst not tell whether thou striuest for feare of punishment or loue of so good a father : yet if thou feelest this in thy selfe , that thou wantest feare , and yet desirest to loue the Lord and to be better , being wearied and tired with sinne , and desirest to please God in a simple obedience of faith , then comfort thy selfe . 19 The feeling of sinne with wearisomenes , as it were a sicknes in the body , is an earnest of our regeneration . Gods children are often diseased , and sore troubled , In that they cannot make a difference when they are in the skirmish and agony betweene the motion to any euill , and the consent to the same : For oftentimes euill motions doe so possesse the mind of Gods children , and doe as it were set downe so strongly in them , that , though they weepe , pray , meditate ( which be the best remedies to cure them ) yea though they feele them with irkesomnes and wearisomenes as we feele sicknes in our bodies : yet they lie there continually without diminishing , excepting delight , &c. let vs not therefore so vex and martyr our selues with disquietnes of minde , because we are so pestered and stinged with wicked motions & assaults , but let vs quiet our selues , and not suffer our selues to be hindred with sicknes of bōdie and mind , by meanes whereof we are made so much the more vnprofitable to our selues & others , and to Gods Church . For the godly shall not be freed from sin so , but that they shall be snared with euill motions , delusions , vaine fantasies and imaginations . The body of sinne and wicked motions and affections shall neuer be out of vs as long as we liue , for they are almost continually boyling and walloping in vs , foming out such filthie froth and stinking sauour into our mindes , and so full of poison , it is not only most detestable to the minde regenerate , and that part of the minde which is renewed by the spirit of Christ , but also so loathsome that it maketh it as it were ashamed and abashed to see into so filthie a stie and sinke , and so greatly discourageth and astonisheth vs , as it makes vs oftentimes to quaile , and if it were possible would corrupt and defile the part regenerate : for mightie is the power , and raging is the strength of sinne . 20 Martin Luther saith , that as a man may trie and know , whether he be effectually called and grafted into Christs body or not by this , that he feeleth his heart cheared and sweetned by the feeling of Gods promises and fauour written in his heart , so such a man hath forthwith regard of his neighbour , and helpeth him as his brother , careth for him , lendeth him , giueth him , comforteth and counselleth him , yea and briefly he is grieued if there be none , towards whom he may be seruiceable , he is patient , tractable , and truly friends to all men , he doth not esteeme the temporall pleasure and pride of this life , he iudgeth no man , he defameth no man , he interpreteth all things to the best part . Finally , when as he seeth not the matter goe well with his neighbour , as that he fainteth in faith , waxeth cold in loue , he prayeth for him , he reprooueth him according to his calling , he is sore grieued if any commit any thing against God or his neighbour , & all this proceedeth from the roote & sap of Gods grace , for that the bountifulnes , loue and goodnes of Christ hath sprinckled and replenished his heart with sweetnes and loue , that it is pleasure and ioy for him to doe good to his neighbour , and is grieued for his sinnes as Samuel for Saul . 21 Whosoeuer is ioyned to Christ for his iustification , must also be ioyned to him for his sanctification . For if we be redeemed vnto holines , and not to vncleannes , why should we take the members of Christ and make them the members of an harlot ? or why should we make the temple of the Spirit a stie for Sathan ? Shall we do such iniurie to the members of Christ ? shall we doe such violence to the temple of God his spirit ? shall we rather be rotten impes , and grow in our sinnes , than remaine in the roote , and spring in Christ ? If Christ his crosse be as a Chariot of triumph , if Christ his passion to free vs from condemnation , was in the entrance so grieuous , in the end so lamentable , what is our vnthankfulnes by remaining still in our corruption , to let him loose his labour in all his sufferings , wherein as we haue no care of our saluation ; so we manifest an open contempt of his most pretious Passion , well worthie are we to die , and vnworthie are we to liue , in that the choise being set before vs , we chuse rather to be murdered with our sinnes , than to be rescued to life by Iesus Christ. For iustly is the reward promised to such as ouercome ▪ Reuel . 3. 15. 12. 22. that is , to such as will not onely strangle & presse out the breath of sin , and close vp the eyes of it at the fall and death of it , but also follow it to the graue , and couer it with moules , so as it neuer rise againe . Not that we thinke that sinne in this life is so wholy martyred , but that the life of sinne may well be weakened , counting it a rebell to regeneration , not a Prince ouer the spirit of sanctification . And as a Serpent cut in diuers peeces hath but certaine relicks of poyson and remnants of fiercenes in the maimed members , and mangled parts thereof , and is not able to exercise the like violence to a man , as when it was whole and perfectly membred : so howsoeuer some relicks of sins remaine in our old , but in our martyred Adam , yet it hath no such force or fiercenes to preuaile against vs , as when it was in it perfect age , like rather a mightie Monarch than a poore prisoner . 22 It is vsuall either in deliuering or hearing doctrine , to seuer & disioyne those things which in their owne nature are conioyned by the holy Ghost . Thus some deale in the doctrine of faith . For when it is said , The iust shall liue by faith , they forget the former proposition , that is , the iust shall liue . For here are two doctrines : first , he that is iust must liue by faith ; then that he must not liue by faith , except he be iust . Here must be no seuering of things , because they may well be coupled together . CHAP. XXVIII . Of Feare . MAny causes we haue to feare : first , for want of perseuerance we should leaue our estate in so great a danger , that being swept and garnished , yet the diuell at his comming , should be accepted and make his reenter into vs againe . There is another feare , the feare of offence , least by our halting we should draw others after vs , and so weaken their hands and their knees . The third feare is of comforting our enemies and of grieuing others , that haue beene our defence : I meane the Angels , who as they are comforted in the perseuerance of the iust , so they mourne at the falles of the righteous . 2 True feare hath many properties , as first it breeds in vs a maruellous humilitie , as wee see in Iacob who was much afraid of his brother Esau , & therefore comming towards him , he falles down seuen times . There is a feare humbling , and it is the worke of God to bring vs to himselfe . And surely the Lord takes great delight in it , and what is the reason of it ? because the Sonne of God in his humilitie hath done greater things for vs , than euer hee did in his glorie : for being God and vouchsafing to bee humbled euen to a worme , hee hath done vs more good , and more glorious things , than euer hee did whiles hee was among the Angels . Now the world is full of such proud spirits that nothing can qualifie them . A second qualitie of feare is , that it is very credulous . This againe wee see in Iacob , for when one told him , his brother came against him so well furnished , he feared greatly , yet disputed not long in the matter . It is the glorie of our age to dispute and gaine say a man , and to say surely though you be of such an opinion , I am not , thinke as you will , I thinke thus . So that our dealings are so full of doubts and so ambiguous , as though there neuer had been world before vs , or as though now it were high midnight in Poperie . The third qualitie in feare is diligence : This also we see in Iacobs example , who was marueilously studious to salute his brother , disposing wisely of his children and cattell in the best order he could , to preuent his brothers furie . 3 It is a kindly thing to feare at Gods threatnings , & therefore when the iudgements of God were denounced , it was noted as a signe of great deadnesse of heart , if the most wretched sinner were not smitten with terrour , & hee that was in the highest degree of reprobation , as Pharaoh feared , for it is the nature of an iron rod easily to breake an earthen pot : But for promises to bring vs to feare , it is as strange a thing as it is in nature that thin water should breake a bodie , and yet some bodies there be of so weake substance , that any thing wil dissolue them . Such is the nature of them , who seeing and finding in themselues a great vnworthinesse , to inherite such gracious promises of God , are euer readie to melt away , and to breake in sunder , as beaten with an iron rod. Wherefore if wee can thus feare in loue , and loue in feare , we may haue a good testimony to our owne consciences , that we haue a good feare , because tasting how gracious and marueilous the Lord is in all his Saints , we feare least we should lose so good and so gracious a Lord. 4 It is good to be stricken with feare , so that we lie not in it willingly , but being humbled therewith , search our owne corruption , and so to bee moued to enquire further after God and his word . 5 The wicked feare not , before affliction commeth , and then they feare too much : the godly feare before it comes , and then their feare ceaseth . For impietie triumpheth in prosperitie , and trembleth in aduersitie : but pietie trembleth in prosperitie , and triumpheth in aduersitie . 6 If Moses and the deare seruants of God were afraid when hee did appeare in mercie to them , what shall the confusion of the wicked be , when hee commeth to iudgement ? Wee cannot be prepared to receiue God his mercie , vnlesse wee be striken with a reuerent feare , both because we are his creatures , and also sinfull ; God is alwayes God , and is to bee feared . 7 Many men maruell how men bee so smitten with such feares , and so despaire that they cannot beleeue : but these neuer consider the iudgement of God in hardning them ; and thus by a carnall admiration are depriued of all profiting by such examples . In all things we should turne our eyes from man and onely behold God , and know that it is hee which maketh our enemies to loue vs , our inferiours to obey vs , our friends to hate vs , our superiours to loth vs. If we had this in our hearts we would surely cast off the feare of man and flatterie , and striue to feare God in all sinceritie , and to knowe that if the feare of God preuaile with vs , we shal preuaile with men , and haue successe in our affaires , or see his loue in our correction , and in exercising our faith . 8 The people of Israel are said to feare God , when hee destroyed their enemies , and spared them : This fruit we must haue in vs of all Gods works , as well as they . They did not onely feare but also beleeue , which sheweth their feare to be godly , for that feare onely is godly which is mingled with faith . Then whatsoeuer feare wee haue , it is nothing , except it either confirme vs in the loue of the word , or else doe turne vs thereunto , that so we may beleeue . 9 It is the Lord that smiteth the hearts of his enemies , and giueth courage to his children as pleaseth him , Ioshua 2. 9. Deut. 2. 25. 28. 18. And if of this we were throughly perswaded , then would wee neuer feare in any good cause , then could not the policy nor power of men dismay vs. Againe , wee would be warie to deale against any of Gods children , least while we striue against them , we resist the hand of the Lord. 10 Ioseph might haue had many excuses when he laid vp the mony in Pharaohs house , as that hee had Gods people to prouide for , hee could not be espied , yet did the feare of God truly grafted in him , stay him from vnfaithfull dealing . It may bee noted then , that the feare of God causeth obedience , and though wee might seeme to haue excuse , and though we could escape the iudgement of men , the law is not giuen to the iust but to the vniust . If then the commandement onely doe keepe vs in obedience , we haue not receiued the spirit of God ; if then we will either trust others or be trusted our selues , let vs teach and learne this feare of God. In that Ioseph would not deale vnfaithfully with a tyrant , wee learne to vse iustice toward the wicked , contrarie to the Familie of loue , who because they thinke all things are theirs , therefore it is lawfull to come by them as they can . In that Ioseph would doe nothing without Pharaohs consent , wee learne to doe nothing without those ordinarie meanes that God hath appointed . CHAP. XXIX . Of Friendship , familiaritie , familie and Fathers . THe friendship with the wicked is such , that to saue themselues they wil endanger their friends : as we see in the King of Israel with Iehosaphat , 2. Chron. 18. 19. 2 Wee must beware that wee neuer further sinne , but if wee loue God , wee must loue them whom God loueth , and hate them whom God hateth , Psalme 15. 4. 139. 21. 22. how dare many then , hand ouer head , and without choise , bee friendes and ioyne in league with Gods enemies ? Prouerbs 29. 27. 3 We may haue familiaritie with some , in whom , though there be no great loue of religion , yet there is no misliking of religion , nor loue of heresies : But our acquaintāce must be in outward things , wee must beware our league proceed neither to the worship of God , nor matter of mariage . 4 The sinne of the master of the familie , indangereth the state of the whole familie , as wee see in Abimelech . 5 It is the duty of seruants to couenant with their masters , that they may so serue them , as that they may serue God. 6 When wee haue met our friends and haue done our ciuil dutie of salutation , we must not there rest , but proceed to talke of spirituall matters that we may edifie one another . 7 He is a diuell that is euill among good ; but he is good , that is good among euill . 8 We become often hardned in our hearts in the companie of the godly , because wee presume too much one of the goodnes of another . 9 It is a good thing to haue the acquaintance of a good man for a good cause . 10 Moses taketh Aaron and Hur with him , knowing his owne infirmities , though otherwise we see hee was a man of rare graces and great strength . So it is often saide of the Prophets , that they had euer some with them , and the Apostles are sent by two and two to preach , that one might help another Christs also sometimes takes Peter and Iohn , not that he had neede so to doe , but because he would leaue vs an example , which we must follow , being ready to vse all helps for our infirmities which the Lord shal offer vnto vs. We must not stay in our selues but vse the aduice of others : for this cause it is saide , that two haue better wages than one , and that if one fall , the other may raise him vp . Where we see that when men agree together one grace of God doth set on fire another , and the more the better , if they consent together ; for a threefold cord is not easily broken : yea though wee take such to vs as are inferiour to vs in gifts , yet if they be faithfull , the Lord by them may helpe vs : as Hur was farre inferiour to Moses , and yet Moses was strengthened by him . And where as Moses in prayer takes but two with him , wee learne to make a choise of our companie , for that but few being faithfull may more profit vs and preuaile with God , than a great multitude which haue but a shew in them . 11 Great is the loue of nature , Ioseph could not dissemble it , for that hee was faine to bee alone , that he might more freely breake foorth in teares to his breathrē . Yea euen that rough Esau when he saw his brother Iacob a farre off his heart melted in him . And like as no affection of loue and liking is so vehement whilest it lasteth , so no contention is so bitter and so deadly as that of brethren . A Christall broken will neuer be set together againe : and there is no water will prooue so exceeding colde as that which hath been once heate . Wherefore let men endeuour by all meanes to cherish naturall affection , and the rather for that the spirit of God prophecieth that in the last dayes men shall want naturall affection . 12 Fathers wee commonly count and call them of whom wee are by nature , or vnder whom we are by gouernment , whether ecclesiasticall or ciuill : or behind whom we are in age and in gifts . Augustine consesseth he rebelled against his father in heauen , when he refused the instruction of his mother on earth : for though thē saith he ) I could not see what shee did , yet now I see , that thou O Lord speakest , and not shee alone , and thy instruction was refused when her teaching was neglected . Needfull it is then for fathers to bee taught of God , who for that they bee fathers are to bee heard wherein they doe teach from God. Ciuill fathers are carefully to furnish themselues with knowledge , that they may learne to know when to strike and when not to strike : for if they strike when God doth not command them , what are they better than murtherers ? If they strike not when God commandeth , what doe they but charge vpon themselues the sinne and punishment of others . 13 That our spirituall fathers had need of God to be their teacher , if euer they meane to teach aright , who will not grant ? vpon whom if God vouchsafeth sound learning , it is as water powred to the rootes of an Oliue tree , from whence is shed out the moysture to all the branches : or as a dew falling vpon the mountaines , where the raine resteth not , but trickleth downe into the neather skirts , and make the vallies florish as the fieldes which God hath blessed . Greene wits are as greene wood , though they are beautiful to the shewe , yet in triall they are discouered ; yet if the younger sort be ignorant , the ancient in dayes may instruct them : but if the gray heads be ignorant , who shall reade them the rules of instruction ? If youth offend , the aged will rebuke them ; but if the aged offend , who shall tell them ▪ If they count it contempt to be taught & admonished by their inferiours , their contempt shall confound them with shame of conscience , to see , how in steed of being honoured for their age and yeeres , they grow to bee despised for their ignorance and manners most vnseemly . 14 It is a good thing , and a rare , in writing to our friends , to admonish them of their sinnes . CHAP. XXX . How to profit and to examine our selues when Friends forsake vs. IT is an vsuall Euill , that a man sometimes shall be forsaken euen of his owne kind red , so that though hee came vnto them laying open his pittifull estate , if he put them in minde of the brother-hood had betweene them , if hee vrgeth them with their promise , if he sueth in the title of his need , and in the Name of IESVS CHRIST , if he chargeth them with the force of naturall affection ; yet they are deaffe , and will not heare his moane . Strange , yet an vsuall euill it hath bene heretofore , is now , and will bee heereafter . Wherefore it shall be profitable to learne , how wee shall stand affected in this triall before the Lord. The best way is not , as some haue done , to repine at this euill as at a thing but lately sprung vp , saying , Who was euer so forsaken of his friends as I am ? who was euer so vnkindly dealt with , the world was neuer so wicked , mens hearts were neuer so hard : but the surest course is to enter into our owne soules , and to looke what fruite wee are to reape vnder the hand of the Lord , who by this kind of affliction either punisheth some sinne , or proueth our faith , or worketh in vs some further mortification , or stirreth vs vp to a more carefull vsing of the means of our saluation , or else to a more earnest contempt of this life , and more hungrie longing for the life to come . 2 First therefore , let vs examine our selues in this vnkindnes of our friends to vs , whether heretofore wee haue not offered some vnkindnes vnto our friendes , whereby God in his iust iudgement should meete with vs , and by raising vs vp others to deale vnnaturallie with vs , to punish our vnnaturall dealing with others . If herein our conscience condemne vs not , let vs reach out this examination a degree further , and let vs see whether wee haue not sought the fauour of man more then the fauour of God , whether wee loued not our friends rather carnally than spiritually , and whether wee haue not beene instruments to them of sinning , or we ourselues lie not in some secret sin vnrepented of . If in any of these wee be guiltie , wee are to thinke , that the Lord by the vnkindnes of our friends correcteth somewhat in vs , either our preposterous and fleshly loue , or our hypocrisie , or our corruption , louing for backe and bellie . Well , if in all this our hearts doe acquite vs , it may be the Lord will trie our faith , whether we loue him for his owne sake , or for hire , whether we follow him , so long as our well doing is rewarded , or whether wee are carefull for the zeale of his owne glorie , euen in our afflictions to walke with him : although he vtterly vncase and strip vs out of all his ornaments . Such indeede is our Faith , as it is in temptation , such are our fruites , as they bee in the triall , and then we giue a cleere testimonie of our faith to the world , when being destitute of all helpe we can behold God taking vs vp , and say : Though my father and my mother will forsake me , yet God will take me vp . Psal. 27. when the help of man forsaking vs we doubt not of the helpe of Angels , when the world frowning on vs , wee see the Lord fauouring vs. To which end the Lord oft sequestreth our friends , farre from vs , to knit and glue vs neerer to himselfe . For it is a common corruption in vs to stay our selues too confidently in our friends , as the childe too trustingly and wholie to depend on his fathers prouiding for him , as the wife only to see & search helpe in her husband , as a seruant to count his master as his God in relieuing him : which vnbeliefe in God , and too much trust in man , the Lord to cleere the case before our eyes , putteth man from this preheminence in helping any longer , and taketh the prerogatiue of the stewardship wholy to himselfe , that they that will fetch , must of necessitie fetch at his hands . To this triall the Lord doth ioyne the confirmation of our Faith , as when he maketh vs exiles and forlorne Pilgrimes among men , that we might be entertained of him , as of a fostering Father , for that after he ministreth to vs in distres greater comforts immediatly by his spirit , then euer we tasted of , whilest in our prosperitie he let vs to be serued mediatly by men . How euident this is , the Martyrs of God can tell vs by their writings , who when all men forsooke them , when no man durst speake to them , when their friendes stood aloofe off from them , had greater feelings , more glorious ioyes , and sweeter meditations from the Lorde himselfe , then euer they had in their life and libertie before . What losse then is it to bee an exile in earth among men , and to be a Citizen in heauen among Angels ? What hazard is it when in steed of father , mother , and brother , wee are in league with the Father , the Sonne , and the holy Ghost ? who thinketh it not a sufficient supplie in the eye of Faith to haue the momentanie imprisonment of the bodie recompenced with the most glorious libertie of the Saints and Angels ? Let the Lord therefore send vs by these meanes out of our strong hold in the meanes , seeing without some such working vpon vs , wee would hardlie giue ouer our holde , for that , wee are as proude beggars , who so long as they can haue reliefe and maintenance at home , will neuer seeke abroade . But how doth the Lorde by this visitation further our mortification in vs ? Surely in withdrawing the Fewell and matter , wherewith before our naturall corruption was more enflamed and made more foggie . How many in prosperitie shal we see complaining of lust burning them , of concupiscence intoxicating them , of anger fretting them ; of glutton●e deuouring them , of couetous cares consuming them , and that so strongly , as if there were no hope to be recouered ? How be it when the Lord hath soked and softned them a little in the brine of affliction they are lesse starke , and beginne to yeeld , there is a great change and wonderfull alteration in them , their lust is cooled , their wrath is pacified , their concupiscence is abated , their gluttonie well tempered , their couetousnesse fullie satisfied , their affections are so tamed , and their corruption so subdued , that they thinke themselues highly indebted and much beholden to the cunning skill of affliction , which so wonderfully bringeth them downe . 3 Now let vs consider , how vnder the crosse we are made more zealous in the meanes of our saluation . How customably heare we , how coldly pray we , how carelesly receiue we the Sacraments , what feare , what indignation , what heat , what wrath , what repētance doth the discipline of the Church worke in vs , what maiestie appeareth in our publike exercises , what authoritie and fruite in our priuate meditations ? But if the Lord rouse vs vp from this apolexie and dead numbnesse of spirit by some fatherly correction , how profit wee by the word , how beautifull are the feete of them , that bring the glad tidings of saluation , how sweete are the promises , how soone doe the threatnings worke on vs , how zealously will wee pray , how glorious are our feelings , what ioyes vnspeakable in the Sacraments , what feare of sinne , what trembling at God his iudgements , what indignation with our selues , doth the Church censure worke in vs ? and whereof commeth this ? Surely because being driuen out of euery crannie and creuis , where wee were went to bee harboured , wee can finde no rest , vntil we come vnder the roofe of the Lord his house , who in all our dangers , and after all our rebellions , will not push vs out of his doore , he wil take vp such Lazarus , and not into a spittle house , but into his Arke of comfort and Tabernacle of consolation . Oh deepe sea of Gods mercie , which neuer can be sounded , that when men growe to such a Lordlinesse , as they will not heare vs , nor see vs , nor vouchsafe to speake to vs , he should not refuse to giue vs free audience , and by his readie hearing moue vs to bee eloquent and long in our prayers to him , who as soone as he doth but looke on vs , doth promise a release from our miserie . 4 When our friends will not speake to vs , the Lord calleth to vs , hee will enter some long speech with vs , and denieth vs not all the comforts , which the promises of the Gospell may affoord . When our familiar acquaintance will scarcely lend vs a potsherd to scrape off our scabs , the Lord by his Sacramēts reacheth out the surest pledges of his eternall good will towards vs. But yet behold another worke of affliction , it bringeth vs to the contempt of this world , and breedeth in vs the loue of the world to come , whereunto in prosperitie we are very hardly brought . For besides that wee see few noble , rich , healthie , strong and honourable men desire death , or to be wearie of this life , be it neuer so long , if wee consider how loath such men are to depart , how gladly they would indent , that their life and tearme of their lease might after an hundred yeeres expired , bee renewed for an hundred yeeres longer , wee shall see prosperitie will perswade all and ouercomes many to die in the nest . Nay which more is , affliction can hardly call vs away or knock vs off , wee grow so deafe , and take hold so fast of the world : For who is so sick , but euen in paine hee would rather wish to liue the longer , than to die the sooner ? who so clogd with pouertie . that to be freed from his clog would desire to die ? If the Israelites panting and breathing vnder the yoke of most seruile impositions and trauels were hardly drawne towards the promised land of libertie , and easily would haue retired to the former labours of their seruitude , what thinke you should haue allured them out of Egypt , if they had liued there in some preferment and ease , as did Ioseph in the court ? what could Moses and Aaron haue done to haue driuen them out of the place ? And I pray you , if we being neuer so sick , neuer so poore , can still be content to haue our abiding in this life , what will we doe , if the Lord still graunt vs friends , leaue our conscience vntouched , our bodies vnharmed , our goods vnconsumed ? Surely we would not haue leasure to think of death , much lesse to die , as our common speeches of our wise , strong , and wealthie men doe shew , who , when death dealeth with them , crieout , what must I needes away , alas I neuer thought of anie other heauen , I am not fit to depart , I am very loth to die ? Thus it is the wisedome and goodnes of God to waine vs from the world by affliction , which as it causeth vs to finde great comfort in beholding God but euen in a glasse , so it hasteneth vs to taste of the fulnes of comfort in him , by beholding him face to face . 5 Ioseph , saying thy seruants are men occupied about cattell , might seeme to dissemble , but it is not necessarie alwayes to speake all Truth , and they confessed the principall truth , that is , that they were shepheards , which kinde of men were abhorred of the Aegyptians , and this turned to their profit : for being seuered from the Aegyptians , they might better maintaine peace among themselues , & be kept free from the corruption of the Aegyptians , whereinto by famili●ritie they might haue fallen . This teacheth vs that we should not be ashamed of our kindred , though they be contemptible in the world . For Ioseph being a chiefe ruler in the land of Aegypt , yet confessed all his fathers to be shepheards , he would not haue his brethren change their trade , thogh he might haue gotten for them great preferments . Our of all this may be gathered that the Lord worketh a contempt of this world in the harts of his children , and that they had rather be doore-keepers in the house of the Lord , then to dwell in the tents of the vngodlie , wee ought likewise not to bee ashamed to be called the people of God , the Disciples of Christ , no nor yet Precisians , and such like names as are cōmonly giuen to Christians . This may teach vs , that the meane estate is alwayes best ▪ so that wee ought to giue God thanks for it , and not to be ambitious , for they that would be great in the world can hardly be religious . But because many will be called brethren , which be no● so indeed , it shal be good to set downe some notes of brotherhood : and the first is to helpe one another in neede , yea , though it be with danger of our liues ; therefore it is said that a brother is made for the time of aduersitie : the godly brethren hazarded their liues for Paul , for those that sought Paules death , would likewise haue slaine these if they had knowne them . There are diuers examples of this in the Scripture , as Moses and Paul , who wished themselues accursed and wiped out of the booke of life , for their brethren . Rahab although but a nouice in religion , yet ventured her life for the espies : Ionathan for Dauid : Dauid for the people of Israell : Obadiah for the Prophets , & CHRIST for vs all , leauing vs an example that we should giue our liues for the brethren . Hester for the Church , and Iudith for the children of Israell , and Paul reioyced for the afflictions which he suffered for the brethren ; but we are so farre from giuing our liues for them , that if two pence would saue their liues , they should not haue it , so loose is our loue , and so cold is our charitie . But if this be a great thing and hard to come to such perfection , let vs see the lesser markes , and first euen the beginning of loue , which is to abstaine from doing harme , which Paul commandeth , saying , let no man defraud his brother in any matter : but we are so farre from this , that in bargaining and such like , we soonest deceiue our brethren , because they belieue vs easilie , and take things on our word ; insomuch , that although they will say , I could serue you no better if you were my Father , and perhaps they say as they thinke , because the god of this world hath blinded their hearts , yet is their fraud so manifest , that it is a common saying to say , I had rather buye of him whom I neuer saw , then of my brother . We are commanded to forgiue one another euen seuentie times seuen times : but we will be meete with him seuen yeares after , & if by order of friends , or cōstraint we be moued to forgiue , yet we wil not forgiue , we will forgiue the fault , but we will not forget the matter , nor affect the person offending vs. Abraham in the 13. of Gen. bought peace of Lot , with the losse of his right , because they were brethren : but amongst vs euery word doth breede a quarrell , insomuch , that that which was wont to be said of little children , is now true amongst vs : concord is seldome seene amongst brethren . If we cannot find these markes in some measure in vs , nor yet an earnest desire to attaine vnto them , we cānot say that we are truly louing brethren . This was an argumēt mouing the brethren to help Paul , because they knew his neede : but it is an argument to disswade vs from helping if wee see anie in neede , & therefore rich men are commonly trusted , but poore men are not so ; and if at any time we trust them , yet it is with such gaine , that although they should die in our bookes , yet they should not die much in our debts ; for wee should well haue payde our selues , and yet many times are they cast into a losse by some , who although they are in great pouertie , yet wil seeme wealthy , and go braue til they haue spent all , and so become bankrupts . And thus because they helped not those whom they know to haue need , they loose their goods vpon those whom they thought to haue been wealthy . The brethrē did not tarie till Paul did aske them , but willingly , and of their own accord they helped him , but we must haue much adoe to obtaine a little benefite ; and yet readines in helping is as good oftentimes as helpe it selfe . They brought him to Caesaria and sent him to Tharsus , here appeareth their great care which they had for him , in that they ceased not to do him good , neither would leaue him vnprouided , and there sent him to Tharsus where he was borne , that both by defence of his place , and also by defence of his kinsmen , he might be kept from his enemies . And here wee learne not to bee wearie of weldoing , but to make one good turne the beginning of another . The loue of his countrie , and the care he had in profit , caused him to go to Tharsus , although a Prophet be without honour in his own countrie , whereof there are two reasons , first , because they know him , and therefore looke for no great things of him : secondly because of emulation , but this is a prouerbiall speech , and therefore not alwaies but commonly true . It is common with men rather to displease God than their friendes : and so to regard their frendes that they forget God their best friend . Adam would not seeme to denie the taking of an apple of Eue for feare of discourtesie , but let vs learne to please God and displease wicked men : that as the poore man said ( of whom Ambrose writeth ) that he knew the master was not pleased with him , because the seruants would not looke on him , so the wicked should knowe that the Lord is displeased with them , euen by the lookes of the godly . CHAP. XXXI . Of godlines , and by what meanes we must drawe neere to God. IT is a fearefull thing when the exercises of godlinesse haue no power with vs. And it is wonderfull to see how they profit best in knowledge which spend much time in prayer . 2 Euery day must haue a dayes increase in godlinesse . 3 God is precise in iudgement though hee tempereth it with mercies : So we must bee precise in godlines though it be mingled with infirmities . 4 Seeing the Lord hath ioyned together the meanes of godlines & godlines it selfe , let vs not separate them , either with the superstitious Papists , resting in the worke wrought , as in prayer , thankesgiuing , hearing the word , receiuing the Sacraments , keeping of the Sabbath , &c. ( all which things must bee leuelled to the increase of our knowledge , and building vp of a good conscience ) neither with frantike heretikes despise the meanes , as though without them we could liue in obedience to God , or loue to our brethren . 5 It is an easie thing to disswade men from holy dayes , but it is a hard thing to bring men to the true obseruation of the Sabbath : it is easie to disswade men from popish shrifts , but it is hard to bring them to Christian conession of sinnes : it is easie to withdrawe men from superstitious fasting daies , but it is hard to bring them to the true vse of fasting : It is easie to remoue the papisticall feasting dayes , but hard to bring in the godly loue-feasts . 6 As the Lord giueth the wicked a taste of hell in this life : so doth he giue a taste of heauen and of his goodnesse to his holy children in this life : for godlines hath the promise of Gods loue to bee manifested and found of the faithfull both in this life and in the life to come . Of the trueth of Gods promise we must consider thus : If we looke well to our small obedience , and manifold transgressions , wee shall not thinke it much , if we feele his fatherly corrections : It may be that euer since we haue giuen our selues to Gods seruice , wee are more afflicted diuers wayes . Then if we consider that wee cannot looke for these promises in our selues , because we haue not done the cōmandements as we ought ; or if we beleeue in Christ and through him looke for the promise which belong to godlinesse , euen then we may see , that for weaknes of faith , and coldnes in repentance , and slacknes in our sanctification , we doe iustly feele the want of Gods sweet promises . 7 We shall not accuse God of hard dealing , if we consider how many waies he blesseth vs , and in how few things he humbleth vs : and if we thinke how many sinnes we commit , and how few he punisheth , how few duties we doe , and how many blessings he giueth vs. Let vs neuer maruell why we are often or much afflicted , why we haue not Gods promises fulfilled vnto vs : nay rather let vs for euer maruell at the goodnesse of God , which so plenteously rewardeth our small obedience . 8 We must not say with Peter , Lord I am a sinner , depart from me ; but , Lord I am a sinner , come neere to me , and draw me neerer to thee . They that will not draw neere to the thorne of Mercy in this life , shall draw neere to the throne of Iustice in the life to come : so they shall go from the East of Gods mercy to the West of his iustice . And if the Lord hath sanctified your hearts , ye must know , that we drawe neere to God by meanes . The first meanes is prayer , we goe to God by prayer , not by paces : Prayer is a sacrifice to God , a refuge to man , a whip for the diuell . The second meanes is hearing of his word : if we will haue God heare our prayers , it is meete God should claime thus much of vs , that we shuld heare his word . If we will say , Lord heare my prayer , he must say , my sonne hearken to my words . The Lord vttereth his affection in this , O that Israel would haue heard my commandements . O Ierusalem , Ierusalem , saith Christ , how often haue I called and thou wouldest not heare : let all men know that there hath been no word from our birth to our death spoken to vs , but in way either to our saluation or damnation . The third meane whereby we draw neere to God , is by the Sacraments . The word it selfe is an audible word , the Sacrament is a visible word ; the commandement is flat , 1. Cor. 11. Doe this . Esay . 55. Come buy and eate . Matth. 11. Come ye that are heauie , &c. 9 Great is the wrath of the Lord ; if we looke to strength , are we stronger than the Lord ? Do we thinke to shift & escape his anger , or that we can abide the furiousnes of his wrath ? That we cannot escape it , it is plaine , for the Lord is euery where ; if we run from him , we run as in a circle , the further we run from one side , the neerer we run to another , and still we are in the Lord his compasse . If we run from the East , he will meete vs in the West : the Lord hath a chaine for vs , and will hold vs in darknes , so that easily we shall not be able to escape . Now for making our part good with the Lord , we are not , as Iob saith , rocks ; or if we were mountaines , we should smoke , when the Lord doth blow on vs : we are but potsherds , and the Lord hath a rod of yron to bruise vs ; and such is the power of God , which we shall trie in our destruction , if we will not trie it in our saluation . What shall we then doe ? Surely , hauing so mighty an aduersary , it shall be good to seeke peace and reconciliation with him . For as this is comfortable , he shall be our Aduocate , which is our Sauiour , and he that is our Sauiour shall be our Iudge ; so this is as fearefull a thing , that he shall be our accuser which is our Aduocate . Yet therein is the Lord mercifull , that he doth not bring vpon vs a sodaine Outlawrie , but he fore-telleth vs of his suite , and therefore it is good to be reconciled : and for our reconcilement , because the first part standeth in a confession , we must acknowledge that we haue offered as much violence to the law of the Lord as we can , and that so we haue forfeited all our benefits , our bread , our sleepe , our apparell to the Lord. The confession of the whole plea is lost , if we confesse not all , otherwise we are in Adams case to bee condemned , who would hide his fault ; and in the estate of the damned , Matt. 25. who being accused , did plead againe , Lord , when saw we thee ? or heard we thee ? &c. There is no standing out with the Lord ; but seeing we haue lost all , we must confesse all , that for knowledge the pap is stil in our mouthes , and in respect of our liues , we are certainely fellonious vsurpers of his creatures ; and so promise that hereafter we will doe otherwise : but if wee stand out ( I say ) with the Lord , nothing is to bee looked for but eternal condemnation , mourning , and woe . And as we must confesse this , so must we stand against our selues , and so goe vp into the chamber of our own conscience , and award shame to our selues : and hauing such an hote controuersie with our own soules , the Lord will remit all . 10 We must learne to loue the Lord for himself , & not for our good : & let vs learne not to indent with God , as if he will giue vs riches , or health , or power , then we will serue him , or else not ; for men cannot away with this indenting with them : but let vs say , rather , Lord take away my sinnes , and as for other things , Lord doe as it pleaseth thee . Thus Dauid did , when he was so disquieted in his kingdome by his sonne . Let vs desire this heart of God : for hee hath wrought euen in sinfull flesh to see life in death , health in sicknes , wealth in pouertie . And this if wee belieue , we may see the wonderfull worke of God , as well as our fathers haue done . 11 Many worldly wise men suspects vs of lightnes of beliefe , when we can so soone credite the Word : but let no man thinke wee can be too credulous herein , seeing euery jote therein is as true , as if it had beene from Christ his owne finger , or vttered with his owne tongue . Deliberation is a goodly thing to a man indeede , but yet reason will let a man be credulous enough , and as hasty as an horse rushing into the battell , vnlesse it be in matters of religion , and of conscience , and then we feare that Christ would seduce vs , and we deale with him & his preachers , as though they were dangerous fellows . And therefore , though Gods cōmandements be neuer so plaine , yet they must goe vnder the examination of reason . And because worldly men say either with Thomas , Shew me by experience this : or with Nicodemus . Shew me that by reason , and I belieue you : God can haue no dealing with vs , Oh is it not marueilous that the lumpe of foolishnes should call into question the Trueth of God ' which is Trueth himselfe , and dares not mistrust the worde but of a friend , of one that is in some authoritie , though smaller credit aboue him ? And yet they say Faith is too hastie , it should take a greater pause , A deepe point of policie , to vse deliberation . Well , Faith is not to morrow , it must be presently : Christ gaue not so much respite to the young man , as that he should burie his father . And surely , if we knewe all , there is great reason of not staying n ithese matters . There will be embassadours to stay our well-doing , there are fellowes will vse a dialogue with vs , and surely if we will needs shake hands with the world , if we will bid the flesh farewell , and take our leaue of profit , it will be violence , rather then a habit at first : For these are such eloquent perswaders , that if a man admit their orations , he shall soone be pluckt backe from the right way , or it is a maruell else . 12 There is a great reason of honestie , that we will not obey God , if hee requireth our obedience , wee haue other callings calling vs away ; we haue a good liking of this , that Caesar commandeth vs to waite vpon him in the house of exchange . Doth Christ not want a Christian , as well as Caesar doth want a custome ? Surely , wee must needes haue leaue of Caesar to serue Christ. Caesar is not greater than Christ , and therefore euen by demonstration , Christ must be first waited on . As for those that thinke , that the worshipping of Baal and of God wil stand together , & that we may serue Christ and Caesar , profit and religion : the errour for the grossenes is not worthie confutation , for it is a manifest halting . The very cōmandement sheweth vs , that we must be knit to God , as a man is to his wife : It is a possession in priuate and not in common ; if we do not so , iealousie will arise . But may not God and Caesar be serued together ? It may be so , if they both command one thing : but I would wish a mans eye in the obedience bee still vpon God. For surely if God and Caesar bee followed in one thing ; it is hard to say , how wee stand affected , whether wee followe God or Caesar. And for this cause the Lord is faine often to pull off the viz●rd of hypocrisie herein , that when God and Caesar haue parted companies , it may bee seene how many thousands goe after Caesar , and how scarce seuen follow the Lord. And if when God needeth , his glorie needeth ; when his glorie needeth , his Church needeth : it is sure , that rather than the Church should need , Caesar must tarrie and giue place . It is beter that Caesar should want an auditor , than Christ an inheritour : if Church and common-wealth want at once , it is better the Common-wealth should want , than Christ should be left destitute of seruants . Let vs therefore wait on Christ , not onely a mile or two out of the towne , but euen to the riuers of Babel : and not onely so farre , as we can with the C●pernaites conceiue Christ with reason , but euen to the resisting with blood , not Christ as a King , but as Christ to the bar , we must not with Peter follow along to see , what will become of him , but hard at the heels to the bar of iudgement , and to beare his crosse with Simon also if neede so bee , euen through the lane of reproches , though we see many pillars to fall away and to become flat Apostatacs through the ranke of false opinions , and though iniquitie so get the vpper hand , that there seemeth no religion to be left . 13 Then we may be said to walke after Christ , when as it is said Iob , 13. we haue troden his footsteps , when our steps stand as Christ his steps , that is , whē our paces stand as Christ his paces and not contrary to Christ , but agreeing with Christ in wel doing . The best signe for our gouernmēt is to haue Christ & his word in our eies . But some through the blea●ed sight of their consciences are afraid , that Christ should looke behind , and see them for going backward , yea if they doe but dreame of him , if they see but Paul or some good man , they are afraid . But if we haue the peace and testimonie of a good conscience , we will desire that Christ would espie vs out , as he did Nathaniel , and others of his Saints . 14 There be some notable markes , whereby wee shall know , whether our trauell be to heauen or hell . First , though a man be so close , that he will not open the way , whether he is purposed to trauell , yet a man shall espie his intent by marking , whether he sendeth his cariage : if our carriage follow the flesh , to the flesh we goe ; if it followe the spirit , to the spirit it will carie vs , Galat ▪ 6. If a man will conceale his intent , yet one may discerne it , by his iniquiring of this way or that way . If hee aske , how hee may goe to Canaan , and which is the way through the wildernes , it is an argumēt he is going to the promised land . Thirdl● , though he would keepe his iourney neuer so priuily , yet he is bewrayed , if when a man speakes against his Countrie , and dispraiseth the Prince or people thereof , he begin to be grieued , and take offence at it So if when men disgrace God his word , speake euill of the way of the Lord , reproch his Saints , we finde our selues mooued and not able to containe our selues from reprehension , it is a token , we are going to heauen-ward . 15 Oh that men would feare and follow the Lord : well , follow we must one way or other . If wee will not follow the Shepheard to the fold , we must follow the Butcher to the shambles . If we will goe to the shambles rather than to the fold , we are beasts indeed , and as the case is with vs , worse than beasts . But men here haue gotten an old distinction , They say they will one day seeke the Lord , that is , when they are not able to turne their sicke bones on their beds , but seeing they offer their old sinewes to the Lord , he wil leaue them , and they shall seeke , but they shall not finde . CHAP. XXXII . Of Gods free Grace , Iustice and Mercie , and how we may trie our loue to God. GOd ( saith the Apostle ) is a consuming fire , Hebrues 12. 29. Fire and water are mercilesse , who shall quench him , when hee burneth ? there is nothing so cold as lead and nothing so scalding , if it be heated : there is nothing so blunt as yron ; if it bee sharpened , nothing so sharpe : there is nothing so calme as the sea , in a boistrous weather nothing so tempestuous : nothing so mercifull ●s God , and if he be prouoked , nothing so terrible to sinners . And if his mercy were seuen times more than it is , I know and am sure , that hee is prouoked . Well , as the Lord will haue his power knowen in creating the world , & his wisdome in gouerning , and his truth in his word , and his mercy in redeeming mankinde , so necessarily must his iustice be knowne in punishing , especially those , who seeing his creatures marke them not , feeling his gouernance acknowledge it not , hauing his word regard it not , enioying his mercies inful measure , wilfully resist them all ▪ If we so lie vnder sinne , and fancie to our selues the Gospell and promises , and mercie , we deceiue our selues , for as those that haue the fruites of the spirite , haue no lawe written against them ; so they , that haue not such fruites , haue no Gospell written for them . It is not the vniust man , that shall liue by faith ( for hee lyeth vnder the law ) but the iust , Gala. 3. Rom. 1. 17. Heb. 10. 38. Might not a man , thinke you , pen a Psalme of as many verses , wherin the foote might run in this tenour , For his Iustice endureth for euer , as Dauid had done of his Mercie , Psalme . 136. The Lord will not part from any drop of his mercy to them which first haue not bin swallowed vp of his iudgements , which haue not laboured and been heauie laden , which haue not beene locked vp in hell for a season , and felt for a time the fire thereof in their bones , which haue not been baptized with the baptisme of their owne teares . He that feeles not these things in some measure here , elsewhere shall he feele them . It is the iudgement of Abraham . The diuels policie in youth , in health , in prosperitie is to sing vs songs of God his mercy : but in age , in sicknes , in tribulation , vpon thy death-bed , he will make such reasons for his iustice , as we shall neuer be able to answere . Wherefore the Lord hath ( to make it more terrible in our eyes ) put vpon it the name of his most wrathfull indignation , fierce and heauie displeasure . It is not for vs , as we do , to put the remembrance of this farre from vs , or to shift it lightly by turning ouer to a Psalme of mercy , but to terrifie our owne soules with it , and to cast our selues downe with the trembling consideration of his iudgements . Of one example without a precept nothing is to be concluded , and therefore in great wisedome that men at the last gaspe should not vtterly despaire , the Lord hath left vs but one example of exceeding & extraordinary mercy by sauing the theefe on the crosse by faith onely : yet the peruersnes of all our nature may be seene by this , in that this one serueth vs to loosnes of life in hope of the like , whereas we might better reason , that is but one and that extraordinary , and that besides this one there is not one moe in all the Bible ; and that for this one that sped , a thousand thousands haue missed : & what folly is it to put our selues in a way , where so many haue miscarried ? To put our selues in the hand of that Physition , that hath murthered so many , going cleane against our owne sense and reason , whereas in other cases we alwaies leane to that which is most ordinary , and conclude not the spring of one swallow . It is as if a man should spur his asse till he speake , because Balaams asse did once speake : so grossely hath the diuell bewitched vs. And yet , if we mark in that example which the diuell so oft tempteth vs with , we shall see euen in that little time he liued , sundry good works , as many as in that time & case would be required : first , prayer , secondly , confession : thirdly , glorifying of Christ : fourthly , humilitie , remēber me ▪ fifthly , reprouing of his fellow : sixtly , acknowledging of his own deserts : seuenthly , patience . And it is to be thought by these few , that if he had liued , he would not haue been behind any of the Saints . The root being holy , the brāches must needs be like vnto it . My sentēce is , that a man lying now at the point of death , hauing the snares of death vpō him ; in that streight of feare and paine may haue a sorrow for his life past , but because the weaknes of flesh , and the bitternes of death doth most commonly procure it , we ought to suspect our selues if we neuer sorrow till then . And therfore let vs store our selues with good things against the euill day come vpon vs , for our life past : for as that man , which in his health and good successe hath been diligent to feare God , and to do good , feeles in his sicknes an vnspeakable comfort , which he would not misse for all the world , and a mighty boldnes to speake vnto God , towards whom he knoweth he hath not beene vnkind , doth not feare at all : so that man , which whiles the world prospered with him , neuer thought of God , nor regarded his word , nor the preaching thereof , when the visitation of the Lord is vpon him , when God shall take his soule from him , his case is most miserable , feeling no comfort , nor daring to speake to God , whom he hath neglected . And sorrow such a one neuer so much , yet he doubteth , and must needs doubt , for that he knoweth not , whether his remorse be of the loath somnes of sin , or for the feare of death , & whether he be humbled before the Lord , or before sicknes . It is good policie to print his iudgements first in our bowels , and to diet our selues more sparingly with his mercies , least making vp our sins in the remembrance of his mercies , they breake forth & flame to our confusion in body & soule euerlastingly , Eccles. 12. Psal. 73. Heb. 12. Rom. 11. Thy iudgements are as the great deeps . Then to feare God when he sheweth mercy , and to loue him when he executeth iudgements are two hard things , yet necessarie . Howsoeuer God doth now forbeare , he will not doe so alwaies , but he will set him downe in his iudgement seate and throne of iustice , and our chiefe care must be , how we may appeare without feare and trembling before him . This is it that we must thinke of at midnight , what we shall answere that dreadfull Iudge , when he shall aske for our account . Let vs set him before our eyes , not as our fond braine is wont to imagine of him , but as the Scriptures describe him . When he will arise to commaund the Angell to blow his trumpe : such a God as the Seraphins hide their faces at his glorie ; at whose presence the mountaines smoke and melt away ; whose wrath shall shake the foundations of the earth ; who ouertaketh the wise in their policie ; who wil not account the guiltie innocent ; at whose purenesse all our innocencie is as a stained cloth ; whose iustice the Angels themselues dare not call for ; whose iudgement when it is once k●●dled , burneth to the bottome of hell . Let this God take his place , let him trie our hearts , and examine our thoughts ; let him call for the account and take his reckoning : let vs thinke how we shall stand before him quietly with peace of conscience , who is it that can doe it , Esa. 33. 4. let him of vs come forth ? Alas none shall dare to doe it . If the Lord in his owne person should appeare vnto vs without Christ a redeemer , we should flie from him with horrour and feare , and neuer be able to stand in his sight . 2 He that searcheth the maiestie of God , shall be ouerwhelmed with glory , but he that searcheth out the mercy , how much more shall he be ouerwhelmed of ●● ? His iudgements be as a great deepe , but the deepe of his mercy swallowes vp that deepe . Wherefore well said Chrysostome , Great is the hell of my sinnes , but greater is the deepenesse of thy mercy O God. The Scriptures attribute to Gods mercy all dimensions . First , depth ; it fetched Dauids soule from the neather most hell , ergo it reacheth thither . Secondly , breadth ; for that he setteth our sinnes vs farre from , as the East is from the West . Thirdly , length ; for it extendeth it selfe not to the cloudes only , but to the stars , which ( as Iob saith ) are not cleane in his sight , yea euen to the Angels , in whom he hath found folly , so that but for his mercy they could not abide his triall . Nay God is able to forgiue vs more , than we are able to sinne . And indeed mercy is the gate of the Almightie . By no other qualitie of his can we be suffered to haue entrance or to approch vnto him . All other things hath the Lord done in measure , number , and weight , sauing his mercy in our redemption , wherein without measure & beyond all number and weight he was mercifull : two drops of bloud had beene sufficient , or one cup of his bloud , but the whip pierced his skin , the thornes his flesh , the nayles his bones , the speare his heart , and his very soule was made a sacrifice for sinne . 2 When we loose an outward benefit , we must not so thinke of it as of the losse of Gods fauour : but what doe blinde people regard Gods grace ? So they haue plentie of corne and oyle , they respect not the losse of their soules : whereas if all the creatures of the world , should weepe for the losse but of one soule , it were too little . Yet our people , so they may eate of the Lords bread , and enioy the fat of the earth , care not whether the Lord shew a lightsome , or a fearefull countenance vpon them . Wherefore because we set so little by that which the Lord sets at so high a price , the Lord will take from vs that which we esteeme so highly , and bring vpon vs some sodaine desolation . 4 We must euer desire the first fruits of the Spirit , but hauing attained the first beginnings of Gods grace , we must euer waite for the increase of it by degrees . 5 When we haue receiued mortification and sanctification as hansels of Gods mercies , then may we hope for heauen : for they that haue receiued grace , shall also receiue glorie . 6 The graces of God are not in his children as morning mistes , but as well builded towers to continue all assaults . 7 Diuersitie of gifts should not make vs disagree , or to enuy one another , but rather should binde vs in loue to embrace one another , that so we might be profitable one to another . 8 The Lord hath such respect to his glory that he will giue gifts when he might iustly punish , therfore we ought not so much to reioyce in the possessiō of earthly blessings : for the Lord giueth many blessings to stop the mouthes of vnbeleeuers , and to call sinners to repentance : which if they neglect , then assuredly the Lords wrath will be more fierce against them . The wicked haue no cause to reioyce , that the Lord smites them not , for he lets them prosper for a while , that their cōdemnation may be more iust when it commeth . Trie thy selfe thus : if thou profitest by Gods correction , it is a signe of grace : againe , if by his patience thou takest ( as a good sonne ) occasion to repent , and doest studie to come out of thy sinne , it is likewise a good argument of Gods fauour . 9 God is slow to wrath , yet let vs euer remember that albeit he suffered Israel long , yet at the last he destroyed them all , that none of the vnbeleeuers entred into the promised land . Wherefore we may not conclude , that because the Lord punisheth not as yet , therefore he will not punish at all : but confider that all such as respect not his mercies in time , shall at the last feele his iustice . 10 The thing loued is much desired and sought after , whereby we may take a triall of our loue to God , or of our loue to the world . First looke , what we loue indeed , we spend much time in it , and can be content to affoord houres , daies , weekes , yeares , yea and age● too in it . And yet with all the contentions we may , we get not to the worship of God , Dauids seuen times a day , nor his morning , noonetide , and euening exercises , hardly we affoord the Lord his Sabbath . Secondly , we bestow our thoughts and our affections much and liberally on the thing we loue : the Apostles were so troubled with bread , that they could not vnderstand Christ speaking of the leauen of hypocrisie . Thirdly , our loue to a thing is shewed , when we are skilfull and painfull in commending the thing loued . The Spouse in the song of Salomon was very perfect in setting forth the parts of her beloued : she knew the time of his going , she was acquainted with his attire : she was rauished with his beautie : she was priuy to his cōming to her . Men shew forth their loue to earthly things in their great skill in buying and selling , Amos. 8. in the signes of heauen & colours of the skie Matth. 16. in our statutes & penall lawes . Micah . 6. but in the law of God they be scarsly wained . Fourthly , a man shall see his loue by his great zeale , whereby he is caried to bring the thing to that he loueth , as Esay 9. 7. when the zeale of the Lord is said to bring our redemption to passe . Certainly , euery man is eaten vp with one zeale or other . The godly seeke gaine by honest meanes if they can , but rather than the wicked wil loose their gaine , away with honestie , away , say they , with Christ , as Iudas . Fiftly , the great reioycing which we haue , bewrayeth our loue , as Dauid doth , Psal. 4 ▪ 7. after that he had the thing he desired , the countenance of the Lord , he saith , he had more ioy of heart , than they of the world had , when their wheat and their wine did abound . But immortalitie , the blessing of the right hand , is lesse esteemed among vs , than riches , which are the blessings but on the left hand , Prouer. 3. Blessed indeed are the people , which are in such a case , but more blessed are the people , which haue the Lord for their God. Sixtly what we feare to forgo , that we loue to haue . Pilat cared not to forgoe Christ , but he was afraide to loose Caesars fauour . Lastly we loue that well , which we are grieued to part with , so did the young man in the Gospell shew his loue to riches , who hauing a discipleship , offered himselfe freely ; but when he saw he should forgoe all he had , he rather forsooke Christ than his riches . We must looke where we loue . The purest thing mingled with an impure and base thing is made most corrupt , as gold mingled with drosse , wine mixed with water , what more precious than the soule of man remaining pure ? what more base being corrupted with the mixture of the vilest things , than it ? The world knoweth no good but riches , which are yet not so purely good , for God himselfe possesseth neither gold nor siluer , and if they were things meerely good , he would not want them , because he hath all good , that is , those things , which are alwaies good . 11 Christ is not as a Well locked vp or drie spring head , but an open and plentifull fountaine , from whence runne streames on euery side to the lowest vallies , euen the pleasant riuers of grace . CHAP. XXXIII . Of Godswrath , and iustice , and mercie . THere are three things which doe slake our paines in this life , mittigation , hope , and comfort , but none of these can helpe in hell . For the first we know the rich man could not haue● drop of water . In this life , it may fall out , that a man that whippeth vs an whole day long may be weary , but our tormentors in hell are spirits , and therefore neuer wearie . Againe if such whippers in this life should neuer waxe wearie in whipping vs , yet it may bee they shall kill vs , or at the least leaue vs nu●● and senselesse , but in hell though our bodies continually burne , yet shall they neuer consume . Thirdly on earth , though neither tormentors waxe weary , nor we tormented be cōsumed , yet the whippes and instruments would weare and waste , and should haue some ease that way : but hel fire is vnquencheable , and the worme of conscience vnsatiable ; and therefore no hope of mitigation . But what comfort is there in hell ? if the sight of the pleasures lost , which they might haue had , if the beholding of our enemies aduanced into that glory , which we could not denie to them , and wish for our selues , if the entring into paine and shame euen before our aduersaries , whom we hate , and in whose sight we would bee better esteemed , doe increase the paines of the sufferers , then all these shew there is little comfort in hell . First the damned shall be within the hearing of this , which they haue lost , Come yee blessed of my father ; and the godly shall be within the hearing of this to the damned , Goe yee cursed into euerlasting fire . The wicked indeede shall remember their pleasures , they had on earth , but to the increase of their woe , for it is a double miserie to haue beene happie , and now to haue lost it . The old man in the comedie saith , I haue a sonne , nay , alas , I haue had a sonne . The wicked , I say , shall wish then , that they had heard the word of the Lord , and that will be another discomfort . Last of all , they shall bee in the hand of the diuell their enemie , and hee shall torment them euen in the sight of the godly , whom they hated as their enemies ; the diuell played with them in this world , but hee will not play with them in his kingdome , and therefore there is no comfort . The last helpe is hope , and but for that , they say , the heart would burst , and surely for any hope in hell their hearts may burst indeede . Oh , saith a heathen man hoping for release in time , God shall also giue an ende to these euils . But here is our hope of ende , for the inhabitants of this place are immortal , so that though they haue but one good thing which is immortalitie , yet euen that is such a thing , as makes their paines the greater : what auaileth it to knowe these things , if the Lord doth not keepe vs from them . Feare them therefore before hand , and ye shall escape them ; neglect them , and ye shall fall into them . No man is so deepe in hel as he , that least thought of these things . And if the speech of this be so vnpleasāt vnto you , what think you , will it bee to them that shall feele it . Well , though wee were not told , and if I should hold my peace , the fire burnes still , and if yee neglect to heare of it , by experience ye shall feele it . 2 When we are to speake of the displeasure of the Lord , we are so become humble suiters to God , that he would reueale more to the hearts of men by his spirit , than the mouth of man is able to deliuer . For the tearmes of wrath and fire are not able to vtter the depth of the iudgements of God , though for our capacitie he can vse no words more vehement to vs. For as in expressing the power of God , the highest name wee can reach vnto , is to call him King ; so to expresse his anger he often challengeth to himselfe the title of wrath , whereby he sheweth to vs nothing else , but that he is purposed to plai● the part of an angrie one , as if indeed he were angry : and though it be true , that we finde no such affections fal into the Lord , yet because we cannot otherwise imagine how he should be reuenged on the vngodly , he is content to instruct vs herein by the name of an angrie God. And indeed it is the purpose of the Lord in such places to shew his iustice to mē , but because to say the Lord is iust , moueth too little , he somtimes saith he is angry , to moue vs more effectually : out of this attribute of the Lord wee may make our profite . First nothing in the world , no kinde of word setteth out the vile nature of sin more than this doth , to say our sins make the Lord angrie . It carrieth some force to say , that sin is the worke of the flesh , to call it the worke of darknes the worke of the diuell , and all these are effectuall : but none of them is able to come into the balance of comparison with this one , that it moueth the Lord to wrath , because though it be not possible , that God should be angrie , yet if it were possible , that any thing should doe it , it is sinne . Secondly , I would haue no man henceforth perswade himselfe , that God will be a proctour of his sin , or that he will giue him pillowes to ease , bolsters to hold out , or curtaines to couer his sin , for sinnes moue the Lord to wrath . He could not leaue sin vnpunished in Dauid his chosen , nay he would not spare his whole Church the people of Israel from punishment , and therefore hee will not beare with one particular member . Leaue men and come to Christ , who though he had comitted no sin , yet because he tooke vpon him our sinne , how was he punished : though he liued in al obedience , first in heauen , & then in earth , yet when he came to death , how bitter was that cup of wrath to him ? If God then did not beare with sinne in his Sonne being but imputed vnto him , he will not bee a bearer of vs in sinne , hauing to the full committed it , but we may well make our accomptes , come sinne , come wrath . Thirdly , if the Lord be angrie with our inuentions , which do not hurt him ( for though kings did incampe thēselues against him , he would laugh them to scorne ) then had wee neede to bee angrie with our sinnes , because they will else throwe vs downe into hell . If this word Wrath now will not moue vs , surely it would not moue vs to see the mountaine of smoke , as that of Sinai . 3 Grieuous is the paine and vntolerable is the the griefe of hell fire , to be burned is the most grieuous and painefull death that can be , it is terrible to euery part of the body for a man to feele his blood and his fat to drop away from him . If wee were threatned to hold our hand ouer a fire of wood , it would make vs doe any thing , yea things vnlawfull to auoide it without Gods especiall grace assisting vs : but alasse this is nothing to hell fire , and yet we will not auoide sinne , which will kindle a fire vnquenchable , and our bodies shall neuer bee consumed . Nabuchadnezzar had twentie seuen prouinces , Daniel 3. and yet but three men amongst all them refused to fall downe to worship the golden image for feare of fire . But we neede not goe to Nabuchadnezzars time , we may looke backe but into Queene Maries time and see many that for feare of fire did vndergoe things vnlawfull against their owne conscience to their despaire . And yet this was but a materiall fire , but of the Lords fire we must conceiue otherwise . In Esay hee saith , hee will haue it made with pitch to make it noysome to our members , and he will haue a riuer of brimstone to feed it , that it shall not be drawne drie . If this be the reward of our neglect , why doe wee heape to our selues , an heape of chaffe ; If fire come , why will we be as stubble ▪ If this argument , this firie argument wil not cause vs to feare , nothing will cause vs. If ( as it is said ) in the schoole nothing mooueth more than that , which hath both reason and sense , then surely fire may moue vs , which both reason and sense doe cause vs so to feare . More plainely , there are but three things in the world , which wil bring a man from wickednesse , shame , griefe , and feare : Shame preuaileth a little now adaies , because there be so many wicked , that will couer anothers shame : & griefe is put to silence , for if that come , we say it is an humour , and whether it be so or no , they will driue it away , if they can , with merrie companie . But when it comes to feare , no mirth will serue the purpose , as we see in malefactours condemned to death , no mirth will make them merie . Nay the most sluggish beast the Asse , and though yee beate him , vntill he die , yee shall not get him to goe into the fire for feare , and yet wee more vnsensible than any beast , will not bee moued a whit . And this fire of the Lord is sodaine , and continual in that day , when no Tertullus can stand vs in stead to plead for vs , no bribe will be able to speake for vs , for that will be a terrible day for all bribers . But suppose he would take a bribe , what bribe wilt thou giue him for the sinne of thy soule ? The whole world is not enough , but though it were , the whole world shall bee destroyed , how then canst thou giue it ? 4 If we will be truly prouoked to mercie , first let vs looke to the Lord himselfe , whatsoeuer he can doe , there is mercie with him . All his wayes , saith the Prophet , are mercie : he hath stepped no where , in heauen , in earth , or in the seas , but the Lord hath left some print of his mercie behind him , if we could follow him in those paths he wēt in . Secondly , the earth doth not onely receiue this print of Gods mercy , but repaies mercy to vs again : and surely , if the creatures should not be merciful to vs , men were in an euill case . Now because all mercie consisteth either in giuing or forgiuing ; and there is no mercie but it is in one of these two , therefore in respect of both these we shall see how the Lord esteemes it . First , for the mercie of forgiuenesse , Matth. 6. our Sauiour Christ his aduise is , that if wee please God in this kind of mercy , euen in the immediate worship of his name , he is content to break off al his right to himselfe , that we might pay this debt of mercy to our brethren , which is more acceptable to the Lord , than any kind of sacrifice whatsoeuer . And surely al our sacrifices tend to this one sacrifice of mercy , & therfore mercy is better than all other sacrifices . So that this pention is so grateful to the Lord , that performance of this shall stay all other . On the other side , when this is not done we see , Matth. 18. the bringing of our selues in debt with the Lord , euen to the summe of a thousand talents doth not so much grieue him , as the retaining of this pension from the Lord , where for the seruants debt no manner of euill words are giuen , but all is forgiuen , but after when this seruant denies the pension of mercy , then the Lord takes the matter hotly , and the other debt did not so much grieue him as this . But to examine these things in the ballance of our owne reason : if two men are to passe by a place , where lies no small danger by reason of the hot pursuit of their enemies , and one of them going ouer by a bridge escapeth , and when this other is to escape by the same meanes , he drawes vp the bridge after him , as not content the other should be deliuered with him ; we would condemne this fact . The same is our case : we escape sinne the common enemie of our soules , onely by the bridge of mercy : and now we are escaped safely , our brother is to come ouer the same bridge , and we pull it vp , this is a singular inhumanitie , and a high point of profound malignitie , though the Lord indeed will make him a new bridge of mercy , howsoeuer we shew our malicious minde . Now to come to our selues : whether is it not vsuall with vs to sacrifice with Caine , and yet to knocke Abel on the head ; and whether we say not Lord forgiue , but we forgiue not : we forget , but we forgiue not ; we forgiue , but we forget not : as it pleaseth vs thus to distinguish ? and let these things speake whether we haue mercy or no. And for giuing , which is the other part , that it be certaine , that God shewes his will herein , that he would haue our bowels opened to the poore , because he might haue made all rich , as well as one rich , but that he left some poore to try vs. He had enough in store , & could haue made the poorest equall with the richest , but that he had met with vs , that we neede not to complaine , and say ( as some might haply haue done ) we want some , to whom we might shew our thankfulnesse . The whole earth is the Lords , and what can we giue him , our weldoing extendeth not to him , he needs it not , we can do him no good , but for his sake oh that we might do good to men . For this cause I say , the Lord hath giuen the poore a bil of his hād for the receiuing of his right , which is due to himselfe , in these words : Whatsoeuer men do to one of these little ones , they doe it to me . Neither hath the Lord onely shewed his liking of this kind of mercie , he hath giuen vs reasons why we should so doe , as Luk ▪ 6 Giue and it shall be giuen to you againe : these are brethren , and therefore inseparable ; if we giue , it shall be giuen vs againe . If then we will driue away famine from the land , we must giue , so that with this sacrifice the benefit of the whole countrie is purchased . But beside this , Matth. 19 it is said , Giue to the poore and ye shall haue treasure in heauen . So that we shall not onely haue mercy , if we shew mercy , but the Lord himselfe will shew himselfe exceedingly thankefull to vs for the same . And yet we see our diffidence herein : And as the seede is not the grounds that receiues it , but his that sowes it ; so that , which is bestowed in mercy , is not so much his , vpon whom the gift is bestowed , but his that bestoweth it . So here is another reason , we must giue because we haue receiued it , the Lord requires nothing but his owne , he requires nothing to be giuen , but that we haue receiued of him , & therefore we see of them that receiued talents , the Lord requires nothing to be repaid but his own . There is & hath bin these many daies a complaint against the pastors of the land , because they feed as though they fed not , and for this there is great hatred against them sprung vp from the people , which though it be a iust conceiued wrath , yet I thinke we measure thē not by the right measure , that is by another measure than we measure our selues by ; for we haue a talent of riches , as they haue a talent of knowledge , wherein we are as slacke to performe mercy to the poore , as they to the ignorant ; so that in condemning them , we condemne our selues . For as it is sure , that the haruest is great in spirituall things , & there are but few labourers , so in respect of temporall things there is as great an haruest , & the labourers are as few , because as the ignorāt people are the haruest of the learned Ministers , so the poorer sort is the haruest of the rich men . Another reason is this , because we cannot retaine , it is therefore a good policie to giue , and to make vs friends of the wicked Mammon . We cannot carrie any thing with vs from hence , haue we neuer so much : here it is gotten , and here it is gone : and though we could carry our gold with vs , yet when we come in another world , that which is currant here will stand vs in no stead , for it wil not go for currant there . Wel , admit , these things could doe vs good , yet we cannot carry them safely with vs , for there are many robbers wil meet vs in the way , & therefore we must follow the manner of them , that go by pirats , they carry not all they haue with them , but they commit all to others of their friends by writings and bils , which we see to be vsed of our exchangers : So then wee must carry with vs only our bils , which will stand the spoilers in little steed , though they light vpon them . And surely the Lord hath made the rich his factors and exchangers here on earth , and seeing the Lord hath giuen vs a bill of his hand for that we commit to the poore , we may safely make our claime to all , for this bill will goe with vs , and shall be reade euen at the iudgement seate , when Christ himselfe shall say , Looke what ye haue done to one of these , ye haue done it to me . So that it is good to shew mercy , because otherwise wee cannot long keepe that we haue : & surely if that which is spoken of mercy in the world should be cut off , a great part of the Scriptures shuld be don away . But amōg many reasons this may moue vs to mercy , that in the time of iudgement the Lord will be content to leaue off all other actions of knowldge , and truth , &c. and come to this one of mercy . And albeit the Lord may challenge the other too , yet because the special clause of iudgment shall be concerning mercy , we must specially looke to this . To apply this to our selues I neede not , I cannot accuse men , all mens mouthes wil condemne thēselues , the Preachers of the word neede not to bend their braines to finde out an accusation for this point , because all men can doe it ; & what is more vsuall than this , mens deuotions growe cold . And indeed there is greathardnes of heart , there is much complaining , but little redressing , and therefore , seeing the land doth accuse it selfe , I accuse it not . 5 This is the difference between the punishments here & those in another life ? here no vehement punishment is permanent , there the punishment is euerlasting & yet most vehemēt . Alas that there are no more fit termes to expresse it . But small perswasion wil serue , and a twine threed wil draw him that belongs to God : but if he be a child of reprobation , a cable rope wil not serue ; and though he should see the smoke and the mountaine of fire , yet will he turne and sowse himselfe in the mire of sinne like a sow . Take a man in a fit of a burning ague , and ye shall heare him vtter such words , and so protest of his paine , as if it were v●s●fferable , but this is another manner of age , and shall vexe vs more than all the burning agues in the world , and yet it shall continue . Paul alleageth a very plaine reason why there is so little mercie among men . Euery man seekes his owne , and we seeke not the things one of another ▪ We forget we are members one of another , and therefore the Lord needes nothing but our owne mouths to condemne vs. For seeing we call God Father , I would gladly know , by what title we call him Father . There is no reason but that Christ is our brother , and he hath made vs the sonnes of God : for there is no fatherhood in God but by brotherhood in Christ. But how is Christ thy brother more than to another , seeing he hath done as much for another as he hath done for thee ? Well , if another hath as good a title to Christ as thou , then he is thy brother too , and if he be thy brother , I say to thee , as Malachie saide of the fatherhood , If God be thy father , where is his feare ; so if he be thy brother , where is thy brotherly loue ? But Christ hath yet another reason , we are not onely brethren , because God is our father , and Christ our brother , but for that we are as neerely knit in coniunction , as the lims and members of the body . So that the cause , why we shew no mercy is , because we cannot perswade our selues to be members . Of the primitiue Church and the faithfull congregations gathered by the Apostles it is saide , there was but one heart , one will among them , and therefore no doubt but one body ; for there can be but one heart in one body , and it were monstrous in one body to haue two hearts , The lawe of members is , that looke what one member receiueth , is receiues not for it selfe alone , but for all the rest too . The eye it sees not to defend and helpe itselfe alone , but it sees for the hand , for the foote , and for the other parts of the body . And so by the law of members , if wee haue any thing , wee must bestow it on the whole body , and as well on the foote as on the head . Euen so doth one member receiue the benefite of another , that as the eye seeth , so all seeth , as the hand writeth , so all write ; and wee knowe the least benefite or hurt which is in any member is ascribed to the whole body , as if but the finger ake , we say we haue an ach ; if the naile be hurt , we say we are hurt ; if the foote be whole , wee say we are healed . Then if this affection be not in vs mercifully to impart one to another , as one member is seruiceable to another , mercie is not in vs. If we be grieued for any , it is but a complaint of the mouth : we can giue him a Lord helpe him ; but Christ did not onely see one so , but he wept ouer him , he wept not onely , but touched the verie leprous , yea and he healed them . Well , if there be no mercie in vs , with what face can we come to the Lord , and say , giue vs a kingdome , let thy kingdome come , if wee denie to our brethren the gift of so much as of a peece of bread : and how can wee looke vp to heauen with any hope to come thither , if we haue laid vp no store there before hand ? God scummeth away the drosse of his Saints by Crosses , yet breaketh not his holy couenant with them , but performeth it , through many tribulations which they deserue and pul vpon themselues . When the Lord threatneth , we are often driuē into a secret murmuring and impatiencie of spirit , but we must know that his minae be as medicinae , the meanes of the Lord are medicines . And wee are too nice Christians if wee cannot abide to bee threatned , seeing God his iudgements are often greater mercies , than euen the continual & ordinary mercies themselues . Nay because the Lord would not destroy vs , hee threatneth vs , hee hath not delight in the death of a sinner , & therefore he threatneth death vnto vs , because he would not haue death come vpon vs. For as the mercies of God are iudgments to some that abuse his mercies , so the iudgments of God are mercies to others , because they cause them to obserue his wil , and to enter into a new league with him . And this is that the Apostle saith , all things turne to the best to them that loue God ; all things , the very melancholie of the diuels , euen hell fire : for the bitternes of threatnings are fore-warnings to the godly , that they should not be destroyed with the world in the ende . CHAP. XXXIIII . Teaching vs why we are specially to keepe watch and ward ouer our hearts . SO corrupt is the heart , as being the fountaine of all sinfull actions , that although wee shoulde neuer haue patternes of impietie , yet our owne heart would schoole vs sufficiently to the waye of destruction . Reprooued then bee their Doctrine , who thinke that a man is not naturally inclined to euill , or that nature is not wholie inclined to sinne , but that by example and allurement man is corrupted and infected by others . The occasion of euill may bee outward , but the cause of it is inwarde , not of others but in our selues . And good reasons there bee therefore , that wee should still haue an eye to our hearts . First , our hearts doth carrie with it most commonly all our senses , so that nature taught men of the world , that the eye seeth not but the heart , it is not the hand that toucheth , but a certaine force proceeding from the heart , and exercised by the hand ; and seeing nor sense left in the body . From hence it commeth , that great sounds and strange noyses are nothing heard of , our eares attending vpon our hearts , and our hearts being throughly occupied about some other obiect . From hence it is that goodly shewes , able to rauish the sight with delight , are not so much as seen of vs , our eies being wholly restrained about other things whereabout the heart is occupied : yea from hence it is , that wee stumble sometime on the plaine ground , and our feet do faile vs in most faire places : our feete attending on our hearts , and our hearts being carried vehemently vnto some other matter . Although then we ought to keepe with great care our eyes , our eares , & our hands , with all other parts of the body , yet it standeth vs in hand to keepe diligent watch & ward ouer our hearts , by which all the other partes are moderated and ruled . Another reason why wee should haue speciall regard to our heartes , is because they make or marre all our actions . If the heart be pure , all our affections are pure , though Christ ; through some defectes be mixed therewith : if our hearts be not sound but corrupt , then the things in their owne nature good , by vs are made impure & corrupt . It is without all controuersie , that it is our corrupt nature which corrupteth vs , either to be slacke in weldoing , or to leaue a good thing altogether vndone , to be so prone to euil-doing , or to rest too securely in it being done . And albeit , many occasiōs may be pretēded to stay vs from good , which may seeme to carrie some shew of good , yet they are deceiuing corruptions , and full of rottennesse at the core , as experiēce prooueth . Some are kept backe from catechising of their familie , because they would not be made the by-talke of the people , they would not men should talke of them , and tear me them a precise company . Some goe aloofe and walke along from pure zeale in good works , that they might retaine their libertie in buying and selling , and so better take order for domesticall expences , which they thinke would fall to the ground , if God should be purely worshipped . And indeed euery thing creepeth vnder colour of a good thing , and they will turne out nothing naked , but with one ragged reason or other , although their pretences be of an ill die , or their reasons not able to keepe them from any iniurie of the weather whatsoeuer . They are carried away with the deceiueablenesse of sinne , their corruption deceiueth them , they are beguiled with the diuels sophistrie in putting that for a cause which is no cause at al. But this hypocrisie of hart may appeare not onely in not doing of good , which we should doe , but also in doing of good otherwise than we ought to doe . To leaue sinne in it owne nature is a commendable thing , but if we doe it for feare of punishment , or for shame of the world , rather than for conscience of sin , it is not at all praise worthie . The adulterer may restraine his loathsome and sinfull action , not for that he feareth to defile himselfe with sinne in the sight of God , but because he would not be knowne to haue sinned in the sight of the world : the theefe may surcease from actuall theft for feare of the law , and to auoide the gallowes : but neither of these haue repented of their sin , though after a sort they haue left their sin . This is manifest , in that they leaue not euery sinne , as true repentance doth , without all exception or dispensation , but onely those bloodie faced sinnes , which ciuill discipline censureth with shame and suffrings , as murther , treason , adulterie and theft , making no bones to commit sins as grieuous before God , though not so punishable before men , as are swearing , prophaning of the Sabbath , lying , drunkennes , & such like , which sinnes if they were worthy of imprisonment by law , either men must change their accustomed course , or all the prisons in the realme would not be able to receiue the offendāts . Such men learne the common statutes and penall lawes of the land ; the lawes of the Lord , the statutes of the highest they will learne hereafter . If they had a conscience of sin , then it should be in vniuersall , not in particular , because one sinne is as grieuous to the Lord as another , and no sin must haue a placard before his presence . Other will leaue sinne , because they haue beene in seruice so long , and spent their body so much in sinne , that now ( not that their action is lamed , but because their abilitie is gone ) they for feare of some sickenesse will leaue it , but if they might runne through a new body they would runne through their old course againe . Others haue consumed all to feede and cloath sinne , and therefore now because their purse constraineth them , not because the law commaundeth them , or the curse feareth them , they count it for husbandrie to staie a while . Others being somewhat politike , thinking it good to get some profit , that may giue longer life to pleasure hereafter , for a while bridle in their wantonnesse , whiles they haue gotten some sure hold of their inheritance , and after , so soone as they haue brought with sorrow their fathers olde age to the graue , recompence the diuell with their hote pursuite of sin , much more than they lost in their former sparing of sin . Others when either for deadnes of nature , or want of abilitie , or feare of man they dare not , or cannot commit sinne in their owne persons , yet they drawe ouer as much pleasure as men in their case may doe , by commending and chronicling of their owne sins past , or by laughing in their sleeues at the artificiall sinning of some other present . They can laugh at sinne hartily , whereby they shew they cannot mourne for sinne hartily : they make a mocke of it , & therefore bewray they haue little conscience of it , and therefore they die in their sinnes , howsoeuer they haue left their sinnes To deale carefully in Gods worship , and faithfully with man , are things both commaunded and commended ; and yet to doe them without zeale of Gods glory , and with a care or our vaine glory , rather to win credit to our selues , than to gaine credit to the Gospell , is neither commended nor commaunded . And yet how many beguile their owne soules hreein , it may appeare by so many frequenters of the word , and so few fruitfull hearers of the word : if they profit not , it grieues them not ; if they remember it not , they ●est at it ; if they cannot speake of it , they scoffe at it , and yet they thinke they be great protestants . Many goodly and godly things we may seeme to doe before men , and be thought to be petty Angels come out of the cloudes , and yet being impoisoned at the hart with vaine glory , the Lord hath no delight in vs , our owne hearts euen in these glorious workes doe accuse vs , our consciences doe controll vs , and without repentance , God that is greater than our conscience , will in the end condemne vs ▪ Contrariwise , be our action neuer so beggerly for want of abilitie , neuer so deformed for want of beautie in the eyes of man ; yet if it commeth from a sincere heart , sound and sincere in the eyes of the Lord , it is acceptable , and through Christ accounted righteousnes vnto vs. If then for sins sake we leaue sin , and leauing sinne repent of sinne , & repenting of sin leaue sinne , though the lees of it remaine in vs ; if for righteousnesse sake we labour for righteousnesse , ●hough an essentiall righteousnesse be not inherent in vs , though we do not all good we loue , but in loue desire to doe it ; though we leaue not all sinne we hate , but in hatred of it labour to resist it ; the good we do is accepted , the good we desire to do is imputed ; the euill we leaue is discharged , the euill we desire to leaue shal not be imputed . True it is indeed no mā can say , my hart is vpright , I am pure , if he measure himselfe by the rule of the law , which thing whosoeuer seeth not by his manifold corruptions , as yet he seeth nothing as he should see : yet the children of God may say , their hearts are right within them , when by faith in Christ , and a pure purpose to approue themselues vnto God , their hearts are purified , so as they labour for the death of sinne , though the whole body of sinne be not slaine in them , and labour for true righteousnesse , though the man of righteousnesse be not fully fashioned in thē This doctrine then hath two especial vses , the one to humble vs , the other to comfort vs. Good cause we haue to be humbled by it , seeing it teacheth vs , that the cause of sinne is stil in our selues , and cannot be charged vpon any other , as the cause thereof . For if our corruption were not , neither Satan by feare and tyranny , neither the world by preferment and glory , neither the fleshly delights by subtiltie , neither our enemies by their feares and tyrannie , could euer preuaile against vs ▪ Christ Iesus was thrise & vehemently assaulted , yet because the Princes of this world could find nothing in him , and all his temptations were as a little arrow shot at a brazen wall , no corruption being in his heart , no guile being found in his lips , they nothing preuailed against him . Adams heart was corrupted before Adams hand had sinned . Sathan doth offer , we doe yeeld vnto our temptations , he is the occasion , but we are the cause of our owne woe . The fond sophistry and lying logicke of theeues is here to be withstood , who thinke they wash their hands from all sinne by crying , woe worth such a man , that euer I knew him ; for had not he constrained me and allured me to sinne , I might haue beene farre from this . Againe , great comfort is in this doctrine , by giuing vs this assurance from the Lord , that how weakely soeuer we walke with God , so it be sincerely , it is his good pleasure to account of vs for good . First the diuell ( if we haue our hearts vpright with God ) that we will be aduersaries to our owne corruption , that we may be fouourers of Gods glory , he shall be but as a Chirurgion , which lanceth our impostumation to preserue life , howsoeuer he purposed to haue gored vs to the hart & to haue depriued vs of life . Let vs see this in Ioseph and Dauid both men of one mould , renewed by one spirit , allured to one sinne . Ioseph a young man vnmaried , for his person beautifull , for his authoritie a gouernour of his maisters familie , for his fitnes to commit sin , prouoked by his owne mistresse ; yet grace restraining his corruption , he withstands her to the face , he resisteth the occasion , he feareth , but subdueth his owne corruption , and so by Gods goodnes obtained a gracious issue out of his temptation . Dauid a man now striken in yeeres , not so dangerously assaulted with the occasion of sin in respect of the distance of the place , suffering the occasion offered to his eye , to ioyne in league with that corruption which was in his heart , was sodainely snared , slauishly yeelded , and was fouly conquered . The woman was obiect to his eies , his eie openeth the way to his hart , his hart corrupted his hand , and so that sin grew to age , & was perfitly accomplished . In what measure we are regenerate , in what measure we withstand our corruption , in that measure we are sure to preuaile against our strongest temptation . And looke how we faile in these , so we lie open to yeeld to our temptations whatsoeuer . Now to come to a more narrow triall of our selues : we must search out and espie our corrupt nature , either by our afflictions , or by our affections . Such is a man as he is in temptation . If trouble doe not ouer-turne him , if feare cause him not to fall , if temptation cause him not to denie the truth ; then his heart is vpright , then hath he cause of comfort : but if for feare he faint , if for troubles he turne away , if in his temptation he forget his triall , and betray the truth , his heart is not vpright with God , he is in the gall of bitternes , he giues occasion of griefe to others , and matters of humbling to his owne conscience . There is a certaine disease common to all men , to suffer their eyes to wander , and not to lay the raine vpon their thoughts , but letting them range without check or controlement to all sinne , and lightnes of minde . Thoughts breed in vs , or stirre in vs a tickling delight & desire to sin . This Ecclesiast . 11. Salomon goeth about to stoppe , but because it cannot be brought to passe in the children of perdition , therefore in that place he doth cleere himselfe of their bloud , by bidding thē walke on in the thoughts of their hearts . Of this a father speaking thus , I did walke in the Cloyster of mine heart : He maketh the walke of his heart much like the walke in a cloister , that is in a secret place , where no body seeth or heareth him , but onely he of whom Augustine speaketh . He that seeth thee , when the candle is light , and when the light is out in like manner , him feare . There is also a walking of the eye , which is compared to that of Dauid in the top of his turret , and to a gallery or place of prospect to see far and neere into the world . A disease incident to this age who cast their eyes into all corners of the earth , suffering them to seaze vpon any obiect whatsoeuer , whereby they find matter to worke vpon ▪ Briefly we are not to yeeld to our affections , or if we haue yeelded we are not to kindle them , we must not gather sticks ( as Ieremie speaketh ) to keepe in the fire . The reason is this , weedes will grow fast enough , and the suggestions of Sathan intertained and accepted being offered , are sufficient to condemne vs. CHAP. XXXV . Where is taught how we must narrowly watch ouer our heart , and ouer our affections for many causes . THe walking in the waies of our owne hart and of the lust of our eies are the two heads of all wickednes , our inward motions , and our outward occasions must both breed in vs a carefull conscience and warinesse . In the Prouerbes , Prophets , & Apostles we are bidden to restraine our heart and to make a couenant with our eyes and the outward senses . These things are confessed daily , and amended slowly , whereof followeth that transgression of the law and that vniuersall sicknes , that we daily confesse , there is no health in vs , which all commeth from the waies of our owne hearts . This word walking hath relation vnto an allegorie . For imagine we haue here no naturall citie , Heb. 11. as we haue not indeed , our countrie being Paradise , from which Adam fell by transgression , and we being here as banished , as Augustine calleth vs , haue receiued a new title in Christ , who was content to set ouer his owne right by purchase vnto vs. Whereupon it is presupposed , that we haue the naturall affection , which euery man hath to his owne countrie , thorough a wildernes , wherein are many waies brought shortly to these two : of the one Dauid speaketh Psal. 119. I will run the way of thy commaundements ; and this is the right way , we may well runne in it . The second way is the way of our owne hearts ; and this is the euill way , whether it be by the right hand in sinning outwardly and in sight , or in sinning secretly , on the left hand . If we meane to come to Paradise , we must leaue this way and walke the other way , for this will leade vs to iudgement . Eccle. 11. 9. In this way are three things to be considered , alluding to the peregrination of the Israelites through the wildernes . The first is the little light shining in a darke place , which answereth to the word , in steede of which we haue a false light , the desire of our owne heart . The second thing is a guide , which is Christ , and the Saints , that are gone before vs , vpō whom we must looke , as the author to the Hebrues willeth vs ; to which answere our false guides , when we say , we will follow the steppes of our forefathers . The third thing is the companie in the way , which are the great store of seducers to lead vs out of the way , the Diuell chearing them forward . It is a signe therefore , we are in the wrong way , if we do nothing , but that we see the greatest part of the world doth . How il soeuer the way be , and wheresoeuer it lieth , euery mans way is right in his owne eyes , Prouerb . 21. and we will defend whatsoeuer we doe . There is a searcher of the heart , who saith , Esay . 55. your waies are not as my waies , and because there be wrong waies . Ierem 18. Let euery man turne from his owne waies , these euill thoughts , 1. Pet. 2. 11. are said to be the diuels Souldiers , and to warre against the soule : they follow their captaine , and we follow them , and then you may easily know , whither we goe , Ierem. 17. There is a wickednes said to be in the heart of man , and that not easie to be espied , but it is a subtile wickednes , and the subtiltie thereof is vnsearchable . This is euery man before he be regenerate . Isaiah saith , The hart of man to God is , as the clay to the Potter . Indeed saith he , it is clay to God , but waxe to the Diuell , that is to say , it must haue much tempering , and great adoe to bring it to God ; but in Sathans shoppe , very pliable to any worke he shall put it to . Although we neuer saw any euill example , nor were tempted at all outwardly , yet our owne hearts would teach vs wickednesse . It is mine owne heart , that is the cause of sinne in me , and it is follie to say , woe to that man , but for him I had neuer fallen thus , and therefore if the issue of mine owne corruption be stayed and stanched in me , it is God that restraineth mine owne heart , or else I should runne into all wickednesse , whatsoeuer the gallowes punish . This must bring a man out of loue with himselfe . By this we see how wicked speeches those be , let him doe what he will , and I will doe what I list , but there is no mention of Gods will. Basill , when he had perswaded himselfe , that if he could be in the wildernesse , he should be happie , and serue God more deuoutly , being out of the companie of men ; when he came thither , he said , I haue forsaken all things , but I retaine mine olde heart still . If this euill were not , all euill temptations could not preuaile against him . For Adam was not ouertaken with the temptation , vntill he was corrupted in his heart . Therefore it is saide . Ierem. 4. wash thine heart . This filthinesse of the heart was so great , Gen 6. that it was faine to be washed away with that great deluge , and now water will not serue , it must haue fire to purge it , Prouerbs . 4. watch and ward ouer thine heart , keepe it with a great many of lockes . Our heart is a wandering thing , it is like the mill , that is euer grinding , still setting vs a worke with more commaundements , than euer God gaue vs. If we follow Gods way , there is some end , but if we follow our owne way there is an endlesse maze Ierem. 4. the heart must be circumcised . It is a little member , it will not serue a kyte for a meale , and yet all the world will not serue it , there is so much superfluous matter in it , it had neede be circumcifed , Cast downe thine heart , saith Esay . It must be plucked downe , and kept in some worke . A good way , the way of the heart is not , but how it lieth , it is to be considered . The first entrance is the thought , either by occasion or by his owne motion . The Scripture deuideth them into two sorts , iniected and ascending , both naught . Iniected be those , which the diuell casteth in , as he did into the heart of Iudas : ascending be such , as rise out of the heart , which doe breath out . Of these our Sauiour Christ speaketh to his Disciples , why do thoughts arise in your hearts ? The second thing that makes thee walke easie , is when we are well affected to it , and will entertaine it , and stay to talke with it . Then there is a lingring delay to stay in it , and a mans conscience telleth him , it is euil , and he leaueth it , and commeth straight to it againe . Further when a man conceiueth a pleasure in these imaginations , so that the very sent of them delighteth him ; for they carrie the smell of them in themselues ; and euen as the rauens will not goe farre from the dead carcasse , though a man be with it , they will be sure to be within sent of it . After comes a desire of taking fruit of it , by wishing , I would I might , as also a consent of the will , and that is with God a full action , as Christ saith to Iudas , what thou dost doe quickely when as yet as he did act nothing outwardly . Next followeth the endeuour and deuising by al meanes possible to bring it to passe , as Iezabel did to bring Naboth to his death : Thē ensueth the act it selfe , that is the sinne of the hands or of the feete , & then perhaps we do it twice & often . Then commeth a benummed conscience , he forgets to be sorrowfull for it , it prickes him not . Lastly followeth , I will stand to it , then men will call light darknesse , and darkenesse light . We may adde boasting in sinne , say what you can , they will not doe it , they will doe it to spite you . This is the chaire of the wicked at their iournies ende , and because they should not be without a cushion , if you will haue any thing else , the next is damnation . Peter saith , Their damnation is nigh . This is the measure of the age of Sathan ; this is the ladder , or these be the steps to hell : yet God doth not marke euery declining of man , but as the Apostle saith he ouerlooketh them , & they are but in the regenerate to humble them , and to make them confesse the grace of God. Touching these thoughts , let these be two rules , what we shame to speake , let vs be ashamed to thinke , he that seeth our thoughts knoweth what we are . I remember in the new Historie of Scotland , there is mention made of a controuersie betweene Scotland and Ireland , for a certaine Isle betweene them both . After much adoe they put it to the determinatiō of a wise Frenchman , whose iudgement was , that they should put a snake in it , and if it liued , the ground should belong to Scotland . I speake it in this respect , that if these poisoned & venimous thoughts doe liue in our hearts , it is a signe , our heart belongeth to that countrie , which they appertaine to . If they die presently in our hearts , it is well . It behooueth vs to haue a present striuing against them , and if they yet remaine , an indignation , a feare and a crying to God to tell him , that we are troubled with them . Here we must outreach , and vnteach a foolish speech , that is common amongst vs. Thought is free : No , thy cogitations by iust title be the seruants of the Lord. Bernard saith , Iustly doth he challenge my hart , which gaue his owne heart to be pearced for me . Therefore we must vse them wisely , we must walke no longer after our owne hearts , but we must striue , and that before reason be corrupted , for then it is hard to restraine . There must be a washing of the heart . This is the burthen of the Lord , as the Israelites were wont to say , when they went to Ieremiahs Sermon , this fellow will haue our thoughts . Faith must lay violence on reason , for what is faith but a contrarietie to reason ? and what is hope , but a conararietie to experience ? But we must haue reason to determine as well as the word . Many will not be Christ his Disciples , because they must follow Christ , they will be maister with him . But Dauid saith , leade me O Lord. Me thinketh , when I reade his speech he standeth as if he were blinde , and holdeth out his hand , and cryeth , leade me , Oh Lord. 2 This is the beginning of a conuersion , to forsake our selues to follow the Lord. Paul , when he was vnhorst , said , Lord what shall I doe ? The laylor when he was mooued , and sawe the prison dore open , said : what shall I doe ? what shall I doe to be saued ? The Iewes being pricked in heart at the preaching of Peter , Act. 2. said , Men and brethren what shall we doe ? At Iohns baptisme euery one came and asked , What shall we doe ? Where we see reason vnder faith , and experience vnder hope . Many can commend this or that point in a sermon , and say , it was well handled , because it agreeth with their corrupt affection . God must commaund what we will , and then we will obey him . But this is the triall , to obey against our owne inclination ; else God shall obey vs , we shall not obey him . Some will set downe their cōclusion , as Benadab , did , 2. King. 20. 18. Ierem. 42. 6. The vile hypocrites said they would doe whatsoeuer God commaunded them , whether it were good or euill : but in the next Chapter , when he had bid them , they say : This neuer came from God. Others there be , which will not take counsell with Micah , but with such as please them . For there be many Preachers which loose and cast downe , as fast as others build : Of whom if a man should aske counsell , whether he should goe to the diuell or no , they would say , Goe and prosper . But these I dare say , are condemned of their owne conscience . 3 There are many circumcised to Princes , not to the Lord : they are the circumcision of the King and of the Queene : they leaue many grosse sinnes punishable by imprisonment , but for others as great but not penall , they passe ouer . And there be many , who hauing beene sinners , can recount and talke of sinne with a delight , who shewe that their hearts neuer bled for them , and that there is yet a foreskin remaining . There be some also which will come to the Church , and sit before the Preacher , like to the people spoken of in Ezech. who are desirous to know the will of the Lord , and yet if they were examined at the years end , they haue profited nothing , here is a foreskin remaining . Last of all , when God maketh men profite , and they grow into some practise of the meanes , and they can talke as godlily , as if they were perfect : and after all this they become secure , their prepuce or foreskin groweth againe , and this is most dangerous . 4 Moses in Exod. confesseth of himselfe , that hee is a man of vncircumcised lips ; so it seemeth there is an vncircumcision of the foreskinne of the lips . And Act. 7. Steuen calleth them men of vncircumcised eares : there is then also an vncircumcision of the eares . Ierem 4 they are commanded to circumcise the foreskin of their hearts : so there is an vncircumcision of the heart . By the foreskinne it is the manner of the Scripture to vnderstand whatsoeuer groweth within vs , which is an impediment to vs in doing good . A learned writer saith , there is a foreskinne in our eares , which the diuell shutteth when wee should heare any good thing , and openeth when any euill speech is offered , that we may be corrupted thereby : so in our lips he draweth together the foreskin , when wee should speake any good , and openeth it when we speake any euill . Such a foreskin is there in our hearts , which bee vseth at his owne pleasure . In our confession wee say , that therefore we doe the things we ●ought not to doe , and doe not the things we ought to doe , because we follow the deuises and desires of our owne hearts . And there is an vniuersall leprosie , whioh hath so ouer-growne vs , that there is no one sound part in vs. It is a hard matter to a worldly , or fleshly minded man to be perswaded of this ? for euery man thinketh wel of his own waies , but the Lord ponde●eth the heart , Prou. 14. And Esay saith , chap. 55. Our wayes are not the Lords wayes , and therefore they shall neuer bring vs to the Lord. And Ierem. 10. the Prophet makes a proclamation on the Lords behalfe , If anie man will be saued , let him leaue his owne wayes , &c. If we will see this more plainely , let vs see Genes . 6. how the Lord looked on the hart of man , & he saw it was set on euill , and that euen that thought that was farthest off was set on euill , and not onely set on euill , but wholy euill , and euill all the day long , and all the night long too if yee will. Micah . 2. and Ierem. 17. nothing is so euill as the heart : for the heart of man is euill aboue all things . Therefore needfull it is that this foreskinne be taken away : not the heart itselfe as God created it , but the foreskinne of the heart , which is a fruite of the first rebellion . For surely vnlesse this heart be altered , let the word be preached , and say the Preachers what they can , all is in vaine . And assuredly this error is in all heretikes in the world , that they are perswaded of some pure naturalities in them still . And therefore if men will be fruitfull to heare and receiue Gods word , we must labour to circumcise the foreskin of our hearts . Now the first way to take away this foreskinne is to restraine our thoughts , and not to be deluded with the doting opinion of the world , to thinke that thoughts are free . 5 If the heart be set on a thing , no reason can be made but we haue a fetch beyond it , and no perswasion so strong but wee haue crinkes to goe beside them . The Lord is well pleased with their intents , which prepare their hearts to seeke him . 6 When the heart is vpright , though there be some fault : yet the Lord respecteth more the faith and vprightnes of the heart to crowne it , than he doth the fault to curse it : as appeareth in Rebecca and Iacob when they stole the blessing , &c. 7 Paul saith of himselfe , that till we knewe the meaning of the last commaundement , Thou shalt not lust he thought well of himselfe : and surely wee shall neuer know the law of God a right , except we know the heart is wholy euill . And we must know withall that the tongue is a world of wickednes . And if the tongue , which is but an instrument of the hart , be a world of wickednes , what is the hart whereof al proceedeth that the tongue speaketh ; Albeit there were no diuell in the world to tempt vs to euill , nor any euill wrought to take example by , yet there abideth enough in the heart to corrupt the whole man. For there is no euill in the wickedest man of the world but it is in mee , and would appeare , vnlesse the Lord did suppresse it . 8 He was desirous still to keepe himselfe from deadnes , and tried his heart with thankfulnes , by speaking somewhat ( after meate receiued ) to the glorie of God , if God gaue any good matter into his minde so to take it , if euery one were silent , then to raise vp some good occasion of speaking by reading , or singing which were so vsed , that when other things came in place to the aforesaid end , they were surceased from , because customable sticking to any thing bringeth lesse reuerence and profit . And among other things he was very glad to speake somewhat to such , whom he thought after , God might make instruments to teach it to others more effectually than he could expresse it , which thing he said we should learne of the Apostle Paul , 2. Tim. 2. 2. CHAP. XXXVI . Of hearing Gods Word . TF the Psalmist ( Psal. 94. ) could make his argument , Hee that hath planted the eare , shall he not heare , much more may we argue thus : He that hath planted the eare , shall not hee be heard ? Shall not hee heare , saith Dauid , shall not he be heard , say we ? And surely in his creation he planted the eare to this end , and therefore by the title of creating vs hee hath good interest to the eare : but if the title of creation will not serue , yet in respect that he preserueth vs continually , which wee call his prouidence , that interest may serue : but if that serue neither , yet Adam hauing through sinne alienated himselfe from God , his soule , his bodie , and so his eares too : by the right of Redemption the Lord hauing purchased vs a new , and buying euery iot of vs againe as it were at the second hand , in this right he may surely claime our eares . Now if hee may claime them , as they be his , and in truth they be his , then must we heare him : or if they be not his , and by no right appertaine to him , then we are not the Lords Israel . But if wee bee the Lords , then I say the Lord hath saide , hee cannot abide , that a candle being light should be put vnder a bushell , and that our eares , which appertaine to him ; should be put to no vse : which if they be , they little or nothing differ from a carued image , who hath eyes and seeth not , eares and heareth not . He will not haue vs come to the Church , and the word beate and beate vpon vs , and no more stirre vs than it doth the pillars or seates we sit on , wherein we shew our selues to be but idoll Christians , or counterfeite professors . Then if wee must needes heare , the nexte thing to be inquired of , is the speciall subiect or obiect of our hearing . We can heare a noise as of the beating of the ayre , of the winde , of the thunder or such like , though it be not a voyce : but alas a bare sound can doe nothing . Secondly then wee heare a voyce . but this is common to vs with beasts , and what can the bellowing of oxen or the bleating of sheepe doe vs good ? So then neither a noise nor a voyce is here to be stood vpon , which can doe vs no good . How then ? there is yet a better thing , and that is a word , wherein one may expresse the excellent meaning of his minde to another , and man may open himselfe to man. Well , then a sound is a thing inferiour , a voice is somewhat more excellēt , but a word is without question the best of all to increase our knowledge . Now if the word be the most principal , I would gladly know of him , that is farthest from God , if there be any word better or more worth the hearing than the word of God. Then if we ascend from a sound to a voyce , and from the voyce to a word , and from a word to the word of God , we see the word of God to be most principall , and good cause there is why it should so bee , the speaker of it is aboue all creatures , and therefore his word must be aboue the word of all other creatures . Whereunto if wee ioyne but the consideration of our reuerend regard in hearing but a Prince or a meaner Magistrate , how we listen , marke his speech , scan and stand vpon euery word he speakes to vs , to see what most concernes vs , this will surely condemne vs for our negligence and carelesnesse in hearing the word of the Lord. But seeing the word is the best thing , we will draw out another reason , which is , that wee then best imploy our eares , when wee heare the word , and in hearing can say : Now I heare the best thing that I can heare , this is the sweetest sound , and now mine eares are put to the best vse , I heare not onely a sound but a voice , a word . and the very word of God : so are our handes best imployed , when they are receiuing the sacraments , our eyes when they are reading , our feete when they bring vs to the house of God. When wee thus haue once set our selues in worke we may well say , All that I haue , is in their best estate , and put to the best kinde of dutie , because our senses and the parts of our bodies are about the busines of sauing of our soules , & about the busines of the Lords glorie . The Heathen said , that the goodly ornaments of the world and frame of all things , was most worthy the seeing , as though a man were borne , and came into this life onely to take a view of them , and so to depart without hauing any vse or profite of them ; & though he neuer felt the power of the Sunne , or the sweetnes of flowers , or any other thing : much more may I say so much of the word , though a man should neuer haue benefit by it , yet so good it is , of it selfe , that it is most worthy the hearing , though it be nothing but heard . But besides our hearing , the Lord hath ioyned a speciall profit to the word , as either the sauing or condemning of our selues , so that the word is therefore more carefully to be heard , because it is accompanied with such a benefit as the sauing of our soules : God ( saith Iohn ) so loued the world , that he gaue his only begotten sonne for vs , that whosoeuer beleeueth in him ; should not perish , but haue euerlasting life . But how shall we beleeue , saith Paul , Rom. 10. if we heare not ? how shall we heare without preaching ? and how shall they preach , vnlesse they be sent ? So that it is preaching that brings hearing , hearing breedes beleeuing , and by beleeuing we are saued , and so howsoeuer the iolly fellowes of this world and others accompt thereof to bee but madnesse or foolishnes , this same foolishnes of preaching , saith Paul , bringeth saluation ; this foolish thing , ( I say ) of preaching , and this slender thing of hearing is the way to saluation . But yet a degree further . Naaman refusing the commandement of the Prophet concerning the washing himselfe in a riuer , which was not at home in his owne countrey , his seruant saith vnto him , Father , if hee had commanded thee a greater thing , wouldest thou not haue done it ? and why then is it much to wash in this riuer ? So may wee say of the word , If wee will not doe so much as heare the word , which is so easie a matter to doe , what would wee haue done , if we should haue climbed vp to heauen to haue fetched it from thence , or digged to the hels to fetch it thence , or crossed the seas to haue had it thence ? But the Lord , saith the Apostle , Rom. 10. hath dealt more mercifully for vs , and prouided better for our ease , we neede not take such paines as to goe vp to heauen , or downe to hell for the word ; but it is brought euen to vs , and preached familiarly : and therefore in respect of the right that the Lord hath vnto vs , in respect of the best employing of our senses , in respect of the dignitie of the word , and in regard of our easinesse in hearing , wee must needes heare the word . Another argument is this , because , when I called vpon and stretched mine arme daily to you , saith the Lord by his Prophet , and ye would not heare me : crie as long as ye can cry , I will not heare you . But if wee doe heare the Lord , he will heare vs , and communicate vnto vs the graces of his holy spirit , and whatsoeuer is needfull for our saluation . If then the matter stand so vpon our obedience to the Lord , that we shall reape so great a benefit , because he requires but euen by the law of nature , to doe to him , as we would haue him deale with vs ; it is good equitie , that if we will not heare the Lord when he speakes , speake wee neuer so loud or long , we should not be heard of him . The last reason is this , when Mary was occupied in hearing our Sauiour Christ , and Martha was busied in ministring things about her house , Christ saith flatly , Mary hath chosen the good part , and why ? It shal not be taken away from her . Marthas part in death shall be taken away , and come to nought , and so may we safely say of all our things concerning our trades in this life , they must cease , and when death comes , they shall haue an end ; but Maries part shall not bee so , that is , whatsoeuer faith , loue , or obedience wee haue attained by the word preached , it shall abide by vs with peace of conscience in this life , and afterward it will accompanie vs euen to the kingdome of heauen . But Martha was Martha for Christ , we are Marthas for Martha , wee are all for the world , but this shall be taken from vs Euery man may therfore safely reckon thus with himselfe : Surely , all my paine , my profits , my trade , and all will end in death : this is not the good part , therefore I will heare the word , and this shal neuer be taken from me . So that as in the former we are made partakers of the omnipotencie of God , if wee heare his word : so here we see we shall communicate in the eternitie of God , if we choose Maries part : but if we prefer the other , we must goe ; but our part must tarrie after vs , and be taken from vs. Good cause then haue wee to heare the word : but who is he that thinkes himselfe happy to haue the word , or thinkes not himselfe more happie to get a good bargaine ? who being in a iourney or sicke in his body , thinketh it a speciall crosse , and findes in himselfe a griefe that he could not come to the congregation of the Lord ? 2 Many reading in the sermōs of the Prophets & Apostles , how they exhort to the hearing of the word , marueile at it . And if at this day wee be spoken so to heare , wee can say , Why , we sit here for no other end , we came hi●her for that purpose , our feete made hast to heare , and therefore it seemeth to be a vaine speech . Wherefore we must vnderstand , that this word ( heare ) hath a further meaning than so , Ezechiel chap. 3. saith , L●t him that hath eares to heare , heare : so that there are two kindes of hearing , else this had beene a friuolous speech . We must know therefore that ( Iob. 42 ) there are two hearings . There is an hearing of the eare , and there is an hearing of the heart : there is a speaking to the eare , and there is a speaking to the heart . ●o● saide ▪ hee heard the Lord but with his eares , with his gristles only , and afterward he heard the Lord better , and that was with the hearing of the heart . We must learne then to draw vp our hearts vp to our eares , that so one sound may pearce both at once . But to heare with the heart there are foure things to bee performed : the first is set downe , Eccles. 4 17. Looke to thy feete , when thou goest into the house of the Lord. And 2. Chron. 34. because men did not prepare their hearts in their houses at home , or by the way abroad , all was in vaine , they lost their successe in heauenly things . The first thing then is preparation And comming to the Church , euery man is to deale thus with himselfe : I shall now goe where I may sit among reprobates , least therefore I should set on more on the bill and beadroule of my sinnes , I will prepare my selfe , and pray in serious manner , and earnestly for the grace of God to teach me The second thing is , that we must heare the word as good Catholikes , that is , we must not heare the word by parcels and by clauses as we list , and giue our eare vntill it come to our speciall sinne , and sit quietly till our bodie be touched : but we must heare vniuersally as well the things that mislike vs , as the things that please vs. Wee must be affected to heare the word , as the people were to heare the Lord in the mountaine , who saide ; Speake the Lord what he will , wee will heare him . This is a good kinde of hearing , and it pleased the Lord so well , that hee said : Oh that this heart were alwaies in this people , &c. Wee will commend any that will please our humours , and preach such things as follow our appetite . As if oppression be spoken against , and we be oppressed of some , this common place is very plausible to vs , because it is against one that hath iniured vs. Or else wee come to the word as Herod came : Let Iohn speake as much as he will , I will heare him : but if he come to this , that I may not haue my brothers wife , I will not heare him . But if he come to teach the Lord to speake , & to teach him wisedome , and prescribe him to say this , and not to meddle with that , wee shall neuer heare fruitfully . A third thing is continuall hearing : the word is a rare thing , therefore we must haue a continuall hearing . Will yee heare how God hath taken answere for this ? it is said , Psal. 95 Heb. 3. To day if ye will heare his voice . This we knowe is read to day , and to morrow , and euery day , and so ●or euer , and yet all is but to day . Wee cannot exempt our selues , this bindes our hearts , and will haue vs hold out , as long as it is saide to day . So then as wee must pray and be prepared to heare , and come with a purpose to heare vniuersally , so must we heare continually . Yet wee must adde a fourth thing , and that is , wee must bring a desire to practise the things we heare . And euery man must come thus affected : I haue prepared my selfe to heare , I will heare all , as well that which is misliking , as that which liketh me : but beware of this last , come what come will , I will not obey . But if we vow not to heare , to lay vp in our memorie , that our memorie may call vpon our conscience , and our conscience call vpon vs to put it in practise , we cut off the sentence by the halfe : He that heareth the word , and keepeth it , is blessed : and keepes it , here is a coniunction copulatiue , and in no case we must leaue it out . And there is good reason it should bee so : for as Augustine saith , The word is compared to an hammer , to a fire , to a sword , and not for nothing . The hammer bruiseth , so the word must soften our hard hearts ; the fire purgeth and purifieth , so the word purgeth our grosse affections , and purifieth our hearts ; the sword pearceth , and so the word diuideth betweene the marrow and the ioynts . If the word workes not these effects , it loseth his power . The word is a word of power , and l●t euery man reckon with himselfe , If in hearing the word I draw not neerer to the mercie of God , I shall draw neerer to his wrath , if not to my saluation , sure to my destruction . 3 We oft heare the word , but not as the word of the Lord , and therefore wee heare it but in part , because we thinke it is the word of Esai , of Peter , or of the Minister , wee thinke it is Hose , or Paul that speakes , but not the Lord. Well , if we will tarrie vntill the Lord himselfe come , wee shall not heare nor see him , vntill the heauens roll vp together as a scrole , and a globe of fire consume the face of the earth , vntill the Sunne be turned as blacke as a pot , and the sea boile as a pot of oyle , and then we must rather giue an accompt of our hearing , than stand to heare againe . Well then how are we said to heare the word of the Lord ? First we must know , that Christ receiued a commission from the Lord , This is my beloued Sonne , heare him . Here is his commission . Then our Sauiour Christ being to goe to his Father , left a commission with his Apostles , Who so heareth you , heareth me , who so receiueth you , the same receiueth me : but who so refuseth you , refuseth me . So that to heare the Ministers is to heare Christ , and to heare Christ is to heare the father ; so that to heare the Ministers is to heare God. And the words of Hose , and of Peter , they be the Lords words . And all this word sent from God shall be as effectuall by the mouth of the Ministers , to conuert , as if they were spoken by Christ himselfe . And we know that Christ being the Minister of circumcision , conuerted not all his auditors , nay he conuerted but a few of his hearers . Peter conuerted more at one sermon , who was but his Apostle , than we reade that hee himselfe euer conuerted all his life long . But if it will not be , but still we thinke it is the word of the Preachers , surely by our owne imaginations the Lord will punish you , that is , it shall bee vnto you a mans word , Hosees word , or Peters word , not the word of the Lord. And then if we heare it not as the word of God , but as the word of man , it will neuer doe vs good , it may breede some little purpose in vs , but it wil neuer breede in vs any great practise to our comfort . So then if we heare it but as from men , we shall ●ot in our sinne , and so lye stil , vntill the Lord finde vs out in the searching day of his iudgement . 4 Because the doctrine of accusing , condemning , and threatning , is a scripture vnwillingly receiued of men , and we shall see in most of the Prophets so long as they prophecy peace , and speake of heauen , of grace , of mercie ▪ they are willingly heard : but if at any time they strike on the other string , the people would no lōger heare , but oft breake forth , and say , prophecy peace vnto vs : because ( I say ) the people hauing made a league with death and hell , cannot abide to heare such vnsauory and nipping speeches , it must needes be , that the Lord sometime vse speeches of quarrel and controuersie , and of his falling out with the people . I knowe that besides that it is the general corruption of nature , it is a speciall fault of these times and of this age , that if the Minister of God thunder out the threanings of God , hee shall bee straight discharged to bee a Minister of Christ , hee shall be now the Minister of the Law and of Moses . For the words of grace , mercie , and saluation are sweete wordes , and men can well away to heare them : but the Sonne of God hath not alwaies a streame of milke and hony running out of his mouth , but sometime a two edged sword , Apocal. 1. and it is as profitable for God his children sometime to haue a song of Sinai , as a song of Sion , and then specially is this requisite , when the mercies of God come not by the * hynn , or by the peck , or by small portions , but by the Go●●er , by the Ephath , and in full measure . Because then we may be drawne into forgetfulnes , and therefore least these things should cloy vs , it is good for euery māin the day of peace to think of the day of controuersie , & in our most quietnes to knowe the Lord hath an inditement and an action against vs , though when this age is ripped vp , wee shall see the Lord his inditement rightly framed , and his ●isiprius , iustly put vp against vs : yet when the day of the iudgmēts of God be threatned , we must not say they appertaine to strangers , we must take the action to proceede against our selues . 5 Though the Ministers take the Lords quarrell in hand and iudge his cause , as the Lord biddeth Ezechiel to auenge his quarrell● though the Prophets , I say , doe this , or if they cease to doe it , the very stones , and creatures shall doe it against vnbeleeuers ; yet as other times we see in the Prophets how al cease , and the Lord himselfe pleads the controuersie . Though therefore we could arme our selues and make our part good against the creatures , and could shift off his Prophets ; yet the Lord himself entring his action against vs , we had neede now diligently to looke about vs : for as Paul saith , God will not be mocked , we must not dallie with him . Now the time when the Lord will doe this , is when no man else will plead for him , & that is partly for the negligence of his aduocates the ministers , and partly for the vntowardnes of the people , who regard not the writs of his Prophets , but the Lord must be faine to come * himself . Woful experiēce proues now a daies , that if the ministers of the Lord rebuke vs , or if any man shall take vpon him to admonish vs , we are readie to rebuke them againe , & to set them to schoole too . When we see this wilfulnes in the people , that speake the Prophets what they wil , they can securely shift them off , and though writs come neuer so thicke they care not for them , they think their feet shall neuer slip , and being taught they will teach againe , being rebuked they rebuke againe : when it commeth to this , I say , the Lord ceaseth to deale any longer by his atturnies , but he will descend , and pleade his owne controuersies . On the other side , because there bee some Prophets who cannot be admitted to plead , and others they will not pleade though they be admitted , but say with Balaam they will neither blesse nor curse : and some if they doe speake they haue Heltes spirit , and say nothing , but O my brother , you doe not well to doe so , you must doe otherwise , they haue not Hoseahs spirit to tell them of their sinne to their faces : I say when it falles thus out , that hee that rebukes the world shall bee stung , and haue a swarme of Bees , or of Waspes about him , who will not onely shew the tongues of Shemei , but will set the Prophets to schoole : or they so deale with the Ministers , as they did with the seruants of him that let out his vineyard to husbandmen , some they kil , some they beate , and as they deale with the messengers of Dauid , in cutting off their coates , and their beards to disgrace them , then the Lord himselfe hath a controuersie with the people to pleade against them . CHAP. XXXVII . Of Humilitie and pride . WE cannot obtaine God mercies in speciall measure , vnlesse wee vse to humble ourselues in speciall meanes . 2 Other mens faults must humble vs , and drawe vs to prayer : other mens graces must incourage vs , and cause vs also both to pray and to be thankfull for them . 3 The greater gifts wee haue , the flesh is the prouder , and Sathan the readier to assault vs , were it not that the Lord did humble vs , sometime to preuent Sathans worke . 4 Aaron was the elder , yet he giueth place to Moses the yonger , reuerencing Gods graces where he found them , and contenting himselfe with that measure of grace which God had giuen him . 5 Moses comming out of the Kings court could not haue suffered such tumults and rebellions of the people as happened , therefore fortie yeeres was hee humbled , and so trained vp that he might haue compassion on Gods people , and be more fit for gouernment . So Ioseph and Dauid were first humbled , then were they made rulers of the people . When we be truly humbled , God makes vs more fit for some waightie calling : for as a greene peece of wood put in a building will shrinke , but being well seasoned it holdeth vp the building : So it is in man before he be humbled , &c. 6 Ordinarily when God most comforteth , he most humbleth before . 7 Pride is in foure things : first , when we thinke we haue a thing , and God wot it is not so . This commeth of selfe-loue , as when we are delighted with our owne conceits , doings and saying , as a foolish father thinketh his owne bird to bee fairest . Secondly , when wee make our accoūt our gifts are more worth than they are , looking on them through a false spectacle , as when one hauing some little obedience or small grace , thinketh himselfe able to resist any thing , presuming on the grace bestowed on him . Thirdly , when we know we haue such a thing , but we acknowledge not from whence : Yes , I wis ( say such ) I know that God gaue them me , euen the father of lights : Oh , but the idle spending of them , our wresting of them to our pleasure ( for which if we be rebuked , then we say ; what , is it not mine owne , may not I doe with it what I will ? ) shewe plainely how wee stand herein affected . Fourthly , when we glorie in the gifte , but not in the giuer , Luk. 18. The Pharisie thankes God , yet Christ cals him proude : Nothing more vsuall , than in wordes to reioyce in God. Wherefore let vs striue to beate downe this pride which so dwelleth in vs : O this is the worke of God to humble vs : and let vs remember , that till we be truly humbled , we haue no part in Iesus Christ. 8 The neerer Pharaoh was to destruction , the more fiercely he dealt with Gods people , where we may learne , that when the wickednesse of the wicked is at the ripest , and they in their most flourishing estate , then is their destruction neerest at hand . Examples are Belshashar . Herod and others , who in their greatest pompe perished . Let vs learne then , when we waxe proude , to feare destruction , for the Lord resisteth such . And that we may auoide euill , let vs prepare our selues in humilitie to serue the Lord : for hee giueth grace to the humble and meeke , and filleth the hungry with good things , whereas he sendeth the swelling proude , and rich in their owne blind conceites , emptie away . 9 When the Lord gaue Manna to his people , hee gaue them rules to vse it , teaching vs that all the creatures and gifts of God , are giuen man with rules to vse them , that all may serue to his glorie that gaue them : contrarie to those which say ; it is our owne , wee may vse it as wee will. One rule was this , that all should labour in common , that one should helpe another , where wee see that all the giftes of God are common ( as Paul speaketh , 2. Corinth . 8 ▪ ) what gifts then soeuer wee haue receiued , wee may not seeke our owne glorie by them , but the profit of our brethren , and Gods glorie : wee may not bee proude of Gods graces , for God is not indebted vnto vs , but wee must remember wee haue receiued them for our brethrens sake , to whom wee be debters : for God hath so prouided that they which haue lesse , by them which haue more , may not want the things they haue . This holdeth in riches , in learning , in godlinesse , and this will pull downe all pride in our selues , and contempt of our brethrē : for the more a man hath , the more he is a debter , and therefore if a man learne not to wash his brethrens feete , he hath learned nothing . Wherefore though all men would haue duties done to them , but themselues would doe fewe to others ; yet let vs consider this , and then shall we vse that strength we haue , to make our brethren strong with vs ; not that I should haue lesse , and hee more , but the Lord giueth me now , that I may doe him good , that at another time he may doe the like to me . Whatsoeuer good gift then I haue , I must not by it take occasion of pride , and contemning of others which want the same , but rather I must so applie the same to others , as that they may become rich in our riches , learned in our learning , strong in our strength , and alwaies find helpe in our abundance . 10 First ; it is a good argument to make vs humble , when we knowe that all things are giuen vs , and therefore Paul vseth this as a reason , to take away all glorying in our selues , saying : What hast thou which thou hast not receiued ? &c. The gifts of God of themselues doe not puffe vs vp , for they are good : but the corruption of our nature taketh occasion thereby to bee proude , eyther when wee thinke wee haue greater gifts than wee haue , or when we thinke ours to bee greater than other mens : and so lift vp our selues ouer them , and thinke that they should bee in subiection vnder vs. Againe , the greater and better the gifts are , the more doe they puffe vs vp . For what is better than the knowledge of the word , and yet it puffeth vs vp ? Seeing then that pride doth euer follow the giftes of God , which yet are good , and giuen to a good ende : and againe , seeing that euery man hath receiued something of God , all men ought to take heede to themselues least this pride do not ouerwhelme them . But those more especially are to take heede , which haue receiued greater gifts , because more easily they may fall . And this sinne of pride must especially be taken heede vnto . For euen in good things this will be readie to assaile vs : but other sinnes are commonly in the doing of other things . Secondly , although Gods children be euer assailed with this sinne , and albeit it doth commonly come with the gifts of God , yet is it not such a sinne but that it may be ouercome , and therefore when we see our selues assaulted with it , we must not quaile , although it were not possible to haue the vpper hand of it : for we see that the children of God by grace haue from time to time ouercome it , as euen Paul himselfe , we see a man hauing receiued rare gifts , and yet confefleth of himselfe , that he is not worthie to be called an Apostle : and in another places nameth himselfe a seruant and helper , which because he spake vnfainedly , therfore it is true that this sinne ruled not ouer him . Again , Moses brought vp in the Kings court , guiding the people of Israel to the promised land , seeing God face to face , yet was a very meeke man , yea , the very meekest man that liued vpon the earth : and so was Dauid , with others , which hauing receiued singular gifts , yet remained meeke and humbled , because the grace of God ouercame their corruption : and all these examples doe take away all excuse from vs , if we doe yeeld and be ouercome with the same . Thirdlie , the meanes which God vseth to cure this Pride in his , is generally the knowledge of their owne corruption and miserie : for if wee rightly know that , it will minister matter enough to humble vs : yea , if wee looke vnto our first estate , euen there we may be humbled : first , because we were made of dust . Secondly , seeing our state was subiect to falling and chaunge : Nay , if we looke to the state in which wee are by grace , we may learne humilitie : First , because we stand by grace and fauour : secondly , because manie infirmities are in vs : but most of all , if wee beholde our state by Nature ; for there we see nothing but destruction , because we be the children of wrath . Thus Paul was humbled by beholding his naturall corruption : but it was no light consideration which hee had of it , but a deepe meditation , as is manifest in that hee calleth it the Minister of Sathan , a pricke , &c. Paul when hee saw his corruption rebell , hee therein did beholde Sathan as our Sauiour Christ did , when Peter tempted him , because as Peter saith , hee goeth about continually , seeking sometime by our corruption , sometime by other meanes to destroy vs ; and therefore he did more diligently watch and arme himselfe against him , as it behooued him , being besieged of so mightie an enemie . This therefore is the cause why we are ouercome with our afflictions , because we make but a light matter of them , and doe not watch and arme our selues against them . And in that Paul saith , the Minister of Sathan was sent to buffet him , he sheweth what power the diuell hath , and that hee can doe nothing , but as hee hath licence graunted from God , as appeared in the storie of Iob , and other places ; and yet Sathan buffeted him , that is , after a most contemptuous manner vsed him : where againe we see what account Paul maketh of corruption , when hee compareth it to this spightfull dealing . Againe , when hee calleth it a pricke or stubbe , hee sheweth how it grieued him : for as a man that hath a long iourney to goe among stubbes , will soone be wearie ; So Paul , considering his continuall iourney which hee had to goe , wherein his corruption did still pricke him , did shewe by this speech that it was grieuous vnto him . 11. Hee saide , howsoeuer hee would not denie duties to any inferiour , superiour , or equall ; yet none euer went to his heart with inestimate loue , ( so as hee made an inward account of him ) but such as had some feeling of sinne , and some griefe for inward corruption : For hee could not see how otherwise men had anie thing but in Knowledge . Nay , hee thought where profession of the Gospell was seuered from practise and conuersation , that their knowledge might bee more perillous then profitable . And among other giftes of GOD , hee thought Humilitie to bee a vertue , most beseeming the Gospell and Christianitie , which did appeare in this , in that hypocrisie did often shelter it selfe vnder it , which it would doubtlesse neuer doe , were it not a vertue most commendable . 12 There are two sorts of pride , the one of opinion , the other of action : the one is mother of heresies , the other is the worme of riches . Of the first sort are they , who say not with Moses , Lord what am I ? but they say in their owne pride , Lord what am not I ? They doe not make daintie with Ieremiah to groane , and to say , Oh I am but young , &c. but they are bolde as the brier , when all others , and their betters refuse ; they crie , I will rule ouer all : of the other sort are they , who once being conceited , lash out all their riches in excesse of diet , in vanitie of apparell , and such like , and then they will be proud as the Italian , newfangled as the Spaniard , drunken with the Grecian , gluttons with the Muscouite , cruell as the Tartarian . Our Fathers by Gods appointment are said to weare skins , and are commanded to go in garments of Camels haire , we , as though we would correct the Lord for some insufficiency in his worke , deuise strange attire . Of one beast we haue the skin , of the other we haue the furre : of one bird we haue one feather , of another another feather . We carrie a pearle to shine on our finger , and a burthen of silke to glister on our backes , yea , wee were the very excrements of some beasts , and then we thinke all this is of our selues . And that which is more , we giue not rest to the dead , but we borrow of them to set on liuing bodies ; as though the Lord had not perfected his worke in it , vnlesse we our selues make the worke more beautifull . And yet more monstrous is that , which maketh me maruell what our proude dames meane to set vp signes in their forheads Tauerners indeed haue signes to call in all that goe by , freely to come in , and there to haue entertainment ; and what can be thought of our signes on womens heads , but that they meane to make tauernes of their bodies , to entertaine whosoeuer will come to them ? Well , if neither the Prophets can preuaile , nor Preachers can profit to the taking away of this pride , I will say , that as the Lord will not let his spirit alwaies to striue with man , so will he not let his word alwaies striue with man ; but they shall die in their sinnes , in which now they lie in peace , and without all reclaime they shall goe to the Hels , with which they haue made a couenant . 13 Man seemeth to be great , he is 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 they call him 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , hee is naturae miraculum , mensurarerum omnium : but better things about man than these , Augustine reduceth to foure letters of his name , the 4. parts of the world , 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , A. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 whereby hee would signifie that it was either a Compendium of the whole world , or that he had dominion of euery part of the earth . Besides , Adam is said to be the sonne of God , euen by adoption . I confesse it to be a great dignitie , but then we must know that it is rather in the great goodnesse of God , than in the worthinesse of man : and all these titles which he giueth to man , as that he calleth Magistrates Gods , and Ministers Angels , and the Apostle saith , Ye are a kingly Priesthood : these doe not so much declare the excellencie of man in himselfe , as the great goodnesse of God , that he should vouchsafe to communicate some part of his excellencie with man : yet man must not so suffer himselfe to be flattered of Sathan , that he thinke better of himselfe than he should , or lesse reuerently of God than he ought . The diuel feeling the fruite of his former pride , when he would needs trie how well Gods seate would become him , hee would faine haue brought man also to the same presumption , that hee , whose felicitie hee now did enuie , being found in the same fault , might haue tasted of the like punishmēt with him . And without doubt al men should haue done , had not God of his great goodnesse otherwise prouided for man. But what is man , that God should so wonderfully prouide for him , leauing his owne Angels vnprouided for , I meane those that were his Angels , before they fell ? Surely if we consider man not as he is in Christ , but in his owne nature , we shall see what he is , not a God as hee would haue bin , nor as an Angell as he shall be , but such a thing as may ●eare any 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , or extenuation that can be deuised ; yet our corrupt nature is readie to dispute with God , and wee will not feare to say vnto God as Iob said vnaduisedly , chapt . 13. Who is hee that will pleade with mee ? then speake thou , and I will answere thee , or let me speake , & answere thou me : Thus Iob challenging God to disputation , was readie either to answere him , or to replie vpon him . But what art thou O man , that disputest with GOD ? And indeede when God being prouoked to disputation , had disputed with Iob a while , & had vrged him very sore , Iob could answere him nothing , but this , Behold , I am vile , what shall I answere thee ? I will lay my hand vpon my mouth . Once haue I spoken , but I will answere no more . Alas then , what is man , either in wisedome or in worth ? In wisedome ( though as Zophar ▪ said , Man would be wise , though he be but a young Asses colte ) what is hee to GOD ? In strength , nothing : for though the Lord had neede , as hee hath not , what could man helpe him ? Man is not great in viewe , nor a rocke in his flesh , a little paine doth trouble him , a small disease doth cast him down ▪ a little affection carrieth him hither and thither , and though he ouercome all these , yet he is weake to resist death : and if we could doe the Lord good , I thinke he would not vse vs , because we are by natare readie to take part and to ioyne hands with the enemie against God himselfe . Againe , mans time cannot be great , being but a spanne long , and yet a little Emot will be long in creeping the space of a spanne , this time is the time of a post , bird , arrow , or thought ; a post hath but a small time , a bird in her flight hath lesser , and an arrow lesse than that , but a thought hath almost no time at all . And in my iudgement , besides all this , there is great reason why God should not make any account of man , if it please him to vse lege talionis , because that man doth not make any account of God : and seeing we esteeme not God , I see no reason why he should esteeme vs ; and that we doe not esteeme him , this shewes that we preferre before him our profit , our pleasure , and all . Our parents left him for an apple : Ahab had rather haue Naboths vineyard than haue him : we all like our pleasures better than him generally : we will not sticke to sell bodies and soules for a little thing , and indeed for lesse than Esau sold his birthright . But of all places to shew the mercy of God in chusing vs , and our vilenesse being chosen , the Apostle ( ● . Cor. 1. 27. ) bringeth in fiue notable tokens of them whom God hath chosen , whereof foure are very base , and the fift is lesse than nothing : 1. The foolish things of the world ▪ 2. the weake things of the world , 3. the vile things of the world , 4. things that are despised , 5 ▪ things that are no● . CHAP. XXXVIII . Of hypocrisie , and hardnes of heart . HYpocrites turne the inward side outward , the godly turne the outward side inward : the hypocrite beginneth where the godlie man endeth , and the godly man begins where the hypocrite endeth : the hypocrite gallopeth into great shewes at the first , godlinesse proceedeth in holines by de grees , as being troubled with a great house of sinne , which they are faine to draw after them . 2 We must not professe all outwardly , which is within , but as good merchants , keeping somewhat rather in the store-house of our hearts , than as bankerupts which spend all at once , or make a shew of all in our shop . 3 In Pharaoh ye shall finde these speciall notes of Hypocrisie : Take this death from me , one●y this once . So many being in distresse , haue more prayèd for the release of paine , than for the forgiuenes of sinnes , which cause the paine . And therefore such being released are nothing the better , as may often be obserued . Contrariwise , if we be grieued more for sin , than for the punishment , and can well beare the punishment , so that the sinne were taken away , then it is a certaine signe that we shall liue vprightly , if the cup of affliction be taken from vs : and assuredly it shall be taken away , or else recompenced with some spirituall grace . 4 The drunken peace of hypocrites must not be ●oupled with oyle , but pierced with the two-edged sword of Gods word , to the discouering of the secret corruption of the heart . 5 It is the temptation of the godly , to feare whatsoeuer they doe , they doe it in hypocrisie : but they are to know for their comfort , that therefore they be not hypocrites , because they see their hypocrisie ; which kinde of hypocrisie in them , is not the grosse deceiuing which is in the wicked , but that secret corruption of nature , which mixeth it selfe in the best actions of the godly . Neither is it possible to leaue this sinne wholy , as long as we liue , but to see it and mislike it , is all that is required , and can be performed of vs. The godly doe not desire to seeme to doe any thing better than indeed they doe it : neither doe they desire to seeme to doe that which they doe not . And whensoeuer they doe espie any weakenes in themselues , they mourne for it . And this desire of a perfect sinceritie , and mislike of priuie hypocrisie , is vnto them a sure zeale of their saluation and sanctification in Christ. 6 When men suffer themselues to be deceiued , it is to be feared they will be hardened . Let vs remember that ( Gods grace assisting ) sinne may easily be conquered of vs , when it is young , but we may easily be ouercome of it when it is old . 7 It is easie to fall into hardnesse of heart by continuance in euill customes without remorse : we see then it is a good thing to be moued betimes , and often to be moued , for it is a precious thing to haue a melting heart ; as contrarie , a dangerous thing to haue a hard heart , not yeelding to trueth . Let vs not harden our hearts , least the Lord also come to harden vs , Heb. 3. For many not altogether abstaine at the first , yet yeelding to sinne , become obstinate altogether at the last . Admonition is a meanes to keepe vs from it . We should then be readie to giue eare to good counsell and admonition , and be willing also to admonish others . It is in vaine to controll the outward senses , without the rebuking of the heart . 8 Exod. 10. 1. the Lord saith of Pharaoh , I haue hardened his heart : because Pharaoh had a long time hardened his owne heart ( as is recorded in the former chapters ) therfore here the Lord is said to harden it ; that is , wholy to giue him ouer to the diuell So man is said to harden his heart , when he will not heare Gods word , the diuell when he gouerneth vs , and the Lord when he leaueth vs in Sathans handling . Man then is guiltie of this sinne , and the Lord doth iustly harden for the punishment of former sinnes . The Lord is said to harden , as he is said to leade into temptation , and that is when he withdraweth his spirit from vs , and leaueth vs to our selues , and then we stay not long till we be hardened . Pharaoh had many plagues , yet this is the greatest , for if his heart had not been hard , these would haue had an end : but this hardnes made the other but tas●s of hel , because we do lesse feare this great plague than many other . We ought to correct this in our selues , for the childrē of God must feare this more than any other plague . For if we doe but feare worldly punishments , so doe the wicked : but if we doe feare hardnesse of heart , and other spirituall punishments , then we may be sure Gods spirit hath wrought that feare . If we couet worldly things , this doe the Heathen , Matth. 6 : but if we desire the light of Gods countenance , Psalme 119. and 4. and 67. this doe Gods deare children . Wherefore as we labour for these things which our nature desires , & feare the cōtrarie , so let vs labour for the light of Gods spirit , and feare least it be quenched in vs , or else decayed : as when we feare pouertie , we labour to be rich ; and when we feare sicknesse , we labour to preuent it : so let vs labour for our soules , so long as we feele a taste in Gods word , feare his iudgements , and be comforted in his mercy : if we labour to encrease the graces receiued , the Lord no doubt will worke with vs ; but if this be not in vs , it is to be feared least the Lord will harden . 9 All men are naturally euill , so that if the Lord giue not light and softnesse of heart , we may all be iustly hardened , & this is as iust as other iudgements of God are . When any thing is spoken in the Word which toucheth another , that man will greedily snatch : Againe , if there be any thing that may cherish them in their sinnes , that they note , but that which concerneth their amendment they vtterly forget . And this sheweth that we are the cause of our owne hardening : for when the Lord cannot preuaile with his word , then will he leaue men to themselues , and then they stay not till they come to hardnesse . We must not stay till the Lord strike vs with punishments ( for if we be hardened , we shall not perceiue it , and therefore the case is so much the more dangerous ) but so soone as we feele any coldnesse or dulnesse of spirit , then let vs feare and stirre vp our selues , that we may continually gaine some knowledge and feeling : and thus may we prouide against hardnesse of heart . 10 First , the hypocrite desireth rather to seeme than to be , it is said such crie , Lord , Lord , they are most glorious . Secondly , he is more busie about the outward worke , than about the spirituall and acceptable maner of performing the same , Mat. 23. 27. Thirdly , he worketh his saluation securely and coldly , not with feare and trembling , as Phil. 2. 12. not striuing with his rebellious lusts , nor longing after the gifts of regeneration , nor forgetting that which is behinde , endeuouring himselfe forward . Philip. 3. 13. Fourthly , he hath no resolute purpose to endure , but is wauering and vnconstant in all his wayes , not cleauing to the Lord with purpose of heart , Act. 11. 23. Fiftly hee is more carefull to stop the grosse sinnes , than to damme vp the fountaine , without sense of the conflict of the lawe of the members and the spirit , as Rom. 7. 24. Sixtly , hee is stirred to doe well , by some worldly reason liking his fancie and fleshly appetite , not constrained by the mercie of God , as Psalm . 1 30. 4 Rom. 12. 1. or by the loue of Christ , as 2. Cor. 5. 14. Seuenthly , he doth more often regard the feare , fauour and praise of men , than of God , and his priuate commoditie , than that of his brethren . These are his characters , and yet eightly , hee hideth many things vnder the cloake of popularitie , and guilefull affected clemencie . So did Absolom hide his vnnaturall treason . So did the troublers of the state of Rome with their Leges Agrariae . Ninthly vnder the cloake of keeping companie with those , vpon whom wee may beare our selues bolde , and which may back vs , when we haue done euill . Tenthly , vnder the cloake of clinging to their companie , which are good men and are wel thought of , not to better our selues , but to credit our doings the more , and to make vs more commended to the people , as Nouatus did vpon his confessions . Eleuenthly , vnder the cloake of lawe , and execution of iustice , when some other wicked affection is the cause of their doings , and the law but their pretence , as Iezabel in putting to death Naboth , did it not for the vineyard , but to see iustice kept , and as the Lords of Persia against Daniel . Twelfthe , vnder the cloake of religion , zeale and conscience , when deepe in their hearts they hide some other meaning , as Simeon and Leui in procuring the Sichemites to be circumcised , as Absolom in making the shadow of his conspiracie the performing of his vowe in Hebron , as Iezabel making the way to bloodshed on the innocent by the proclamation of a fast , as Caiphas adiuring Christ in Gods name to make them knowe who hee was , that way to take him . 11 Hypocrisie is seene when sinne most lieth dead vnder a cloake , and most lieth in a closet , wherewith God is displeased , that when wee make no conscience of sin in close places , our priuie sinnes shall breake out in publike places . 12 The holy Ghost , Ezech. 24. 6 , compareth hypocrites to a pot that outwardly seetheth , but within the scumme remaineth . And Hoseah in his 7. chapter compareth them to a cake , whereof the one side is well baked , and the other side is plaine dow . And Christ compareth them in his daies , to such as wash the outside of the cup and platter , but leaue the inside filthie . Our common similies whereby wee resemble these men is a course cloath , hauing a fine list . 13 When two gentlemen ride on hunting , it is hard to discerne each others houndes , because they are mingled together , which afterwards is more easilie done when the hunters are seuered : euen so , so long as God and the world walke together , it is hard to distinguish betweene the heires of the one and of the other : but when they are seuered by the crosse , it will surely bee seene who be the children of God , who be the heires of the world . 14 In naturall men wee finde these markes : first , that naturall men measure others by themselues , so did these brethren iudge of Ioseph . So doth the world iudge hardly of Gods children , because they are vngodly themselues : so those that thinke to correct or admonish in anger , think that others do so too , because they come of fashiō to the Church , they thinke so of others . When we are readie then to thinke euill of others , let vs take heede we be not so our selues , and let vs learne to leaue this , for the sinne is great . For first , wee beare false witnes against our brother . Secondly , wee be enemies to the grace of God in them : because in this our corruption , wee cannot iudge well of them . The readie remedie is to pull out the beame out of our owne eye , and to iudge charitably of others . Secondly , a naturall man doth more abstaine from euill , for man than for God : and so will it bee , till the feare of God be setled in vs , to teach vs Gods prouidence in things to come , and his iudgements in things past . This was with Esau , because the daies of his father were at hand . So many are now restrained by the magistracie , which otherwise would do euil : so long as it is with vs thus , wee are but hypocrites , and not regenerate . The remedie is , to consider Gods prouidence , to commit vengeance to him , to ouercome euill with goodnesse : and then shall wee doe things for conscience sake , and not for feare . Thirdly , the torments of an euill conscience , is the punishment of sinne : the wicked shall flie , when none pursueth : whensoeuer then our conscience doth trouble vs , let vs knowe that our sinnes are in vs ▪ whereof we are not purged . When we feare men , it is either for the want of the assurance of Gods mercifull prouidence , or forgiuenes of our sinnes , or for that wee haue done the like to others : as Caine thought euery one would slay him , because he slew his brother . If wee haue not done them harme , and yet feare as Abraham did Abimelech , then it is the want of Gods prouidence , which riseth of the want of the forgiuenes of our sinnes : for if wee feare the creature , it is because wee are not reconciled to the Creator . The remedie of this feare of men , is to learne faith in Christ , for the free forgiuenes of our sinnes and the assurance of his prouidence : then shall we say , wee feare not what man can doe against vs : yea , then shall wee deale vprightly with others , so that if then others deale euilly with vs , and we pay them the things which we neuer took , we haue the comfort of our conscience and are blessed because we suffer for wel-doing . 15 In manners , men will first listen to wicked counsel , then take pleasure in their companie , till at last they communicate with them in their euils : an● as they grow in liking of those euill counsellers , so doe they loathe those that giue good counsell and despise them : yea , when the Minister speaketh priuilie to them by admonition , or openly out of the word ; they thinke hee speaketh of purposed malice and hatred against them : and so shut their eares , and harden their hearts when any thing is spoken for their amendement : but if a word be spoken which concerneth another , or else may cherish them in their sinnes , that doe they greedily snatch and lay hold of . All which sheweth that men are the cause of their owne hardnes : for when the Lord cannot preuaile by his word ▪ then leaueth he men vnto themselues , which stay not till they come to hardnes . This must teach vs with feare to examine our hearts , to proue what loue of the truth remaineth in vs , and what liking we haue of lies , what hearts we beare to those which giue vs wholesome counsell to reclaime vs from sinne , or whether wee rather incline to those that feede our eares with such wordes , as may serue to nouzell vs in our sinnes , because the childe of GOD may come to this through often infirmitie : but when hee seeth it , it is time to bestirre himselfe , and to feare least those fearefull beginnings doe bring him at the last , vtterly to fall away . 16 The first meanes to keepe vs from hardnes of heart , is to feare it long before : for if wee once be fallen into this , then are wee past all sense and feeling , and cannot perceiue it , and therefore our case is more fearefull and dangerous , as those are which fall into some great disease of the body and know it not . Againe , if we be not of hardned hearts , then the word may worke with vs , and all other afflictions may haue their effect , and so haue a good end , but if our hearts bee once hardened , then all our plagues are vnfruitfull vnto vs : yea they are nothing else , but euen a taste of hell , and of those punishments which are and abide for euer . So had Pharaoh many and great plagues , yet because his heart was hardened , he profited not , but ranne on forward till he was vtterly destroyed . But Iob , whom the Lord had not yet forsaken , profited by all his miseries , & had a good and ioyful issue , and escaped from them . Therefore the children of God doe feare it more than all other punishments , and had rather bee plagued with all the miseries of Iob , and the botches of Aegypt , than with an heart that is hardened . It goeth not well with vs then , when we feare wordly and bodily punishments , more than wee doe hardnes of heart , and other spirituall punishments , for euen here is a difference betweene the wicked and the children of God : for the wicked are euer greatly troubled for feare of outward afflictions , but the spirituall punishments of the soule doe neuer a whit affect them . Contrariwise , the children of God doe aboue all things dread spirituall punishments , as for outward troubles , they are content to beare them , and are grieued no otherwise for them , than as they are signes of Gods displeasure , this is a good note to trie our selues by . The second is a true desire and loue to haue a melting heart , to be often touched with the word , and with Dauid to desire the vnderstanding of the word aboue all worldly treasures , and the light of his louing countenance aboue all earthly helpe or treasure : for the worldly men doe greedily hunt after worldly things , and thinke themselues best at ease when they enioy them , we must then not be like minded to these men , but earnestly desire the former , and then it will be an vndoubted signe of the spirit of God. The third remedie against hardnes of heart , is to ioyne to the feare aboue named , and continually to labour and striue against it , in vsing carefully all those meanes which may serue thereunto , and as in our nature there is a continuall desire of earthly things ▪ so should wee continually bee moued to pray , that in spirit we may daily labour and striue against it , and as the husbandman , fearing pouertie because his goods decay , or his ground bringeth not foorth his fruite , doth labour more carefully to lay vp against the time of neede , like vnto Ioseph when hee was in Aegypt ; and as the ma●● fearing sicknesse , because his naturall powers are weakened , or his stomack waxeth weake , will by Physicke and other meanes labour to preuent it : so wee must doe against hardnes of heart , for so long as wee feele taste in Gods word , to bee humbled by his threatnings , and comforted by his promises , if wee striue and contend to growe in grace , the Lord no doubt is with vs. But if wee waxe wearie of the world , and can feele not taste in it ; if wee cannot bee terrified by his threatnings , nor affected by his promises , then is our case dangerous , and we haue good cause to feare least the Lord will harden vs : therefore must wee in daily hearing and reading of the word , labour to come to some feeling of it , and in our quiet state , whiles the world is with vs , lay vp such things in store , as may bee able to comfort vs , when our ministers are remoued , and the world taken from vs. But many will bee like Ioseph to prouide for the dearth , but they will not store themselues with spirituall food against the time when the word shall be taken away . Now if through infirmitie wee doe fall , and the light of the spirit be darkened , and our hearts begin to bee hardened , then let vs call to minde our former practise which we haue had in the word , and remember the care wee had to keepe it , and it will be a great helpe to recouer vs againe . For Dauid no doubt was very well helped in his greatest conflicts , by the remembrance of those places which aforetime he had read ▪ 17 When as in receiuing of meate , the meate that nourisheth , is changed into vs , it is far otherwise in the chirurgerie of our soules ▪ For in receiuing of the word & of the Sacramēts which feed the soule , they are not changed into the qualities of vs , but we are chāged into them . It is the folly of the world now adaies , and the euill that troubles , not onely the base people , but the great also and the wise , that they thinke they must giue sap & iuice to nourish the word , rather thā that they should suffer their wisdome to be maintained by the sap of the word , and they will set the Lord to learne of them . Wel , in applying there is a great reason we applie to the heart ▪ It is the principall place for God to worke on , it is the vsuall place that Sathan most inue●gleth , and therefore it must needes haue a plaster ▪ And here wee inquire not onely Esaus heart , who saide in his heart , the dayes of mourning for my Father will come shortly , then I will slay my brother Iacob ▪ Genes . 27. 42. but Sarahs heart too , who hearing she should conceiue in her olde age , laughed in her heart , &c. So that they must come to this cure , Esaus mourning heart , and Sarahs vnbeleeuing heart ▪ ●ea and with them , all hearts . Applie the plaster to any place saue to the heart , and it will doe no good . If the disease come from the heart , as all sicknesse of sinne doth , lay to the hand the plaster , or to the foote , or to the face , though it heale in one place , it will breake foorth in another , because vnlesse the heart be well purged and cured , it will still minister new matter of corruption into euery part of the body . We are not then to be healed at the eare as wee thinke wee may , and yet many will not so much as be eare-wise : wee must not bee healed in the braine , for many will goe so farre in hearing , that they may bee braine-wise : but wee must be cured at the heart , for it is required wee should be heart-wise . Well , many will come so far too , as they will conceiue and iudge well of things , so that they growe tongue-wise , and can discourse and talke well of things , but yet for that the heart is not truely touched , they are as vaine in sinne , and as much subiect to pinching sorrowes for sinne as any other . Great cause then the fountaines bee staied , and the principall parts plastered : for if there bee a worlde of sinne in the tongue ( as Saint Iames saith ) then there be a great many worlds of wickednes in the hear●●● there be a beame to be sound in the eye of one hypocrite ( as Christ admonisheth ) then there is a whole sta●ke in the heart . CHAP. XXXIX . Of Heresie , and many corrupt kindes of knowledge , and how the diuell pester●th the Church with euill teachers . WE must humble our selues to see Heretikes doe more for vaineglorie , and for their s●ct , than wee will doe ●or Gods glorie , and for his truth . 2 The neerer heresie commeth in likenes to the trueth , the more dangerous it is . 3 It is a dangerous thing to haue a proud● spirit , with a vaine minde , for the●e sinnes leade men to heresie . 4 The ●●ue● seemeth to be very strong : for as the wise conclude , if they that are couragious , were also politike ; or t●ey that haue wisedome , had also courage , none could stand with them . Wherefore these are dismembred in men , but in the diuell they ●un●●e both together : for he is both couragious as a Lion , and sub●ill as a Serpent . This is he that foyled all men from the first Adam to the last man , in whose hand all the ●athers were no stronger than vanitie : and in this age hee hath made the high pinacles of ve●●●e the Iowe shrubs of the earth . Besides this combination of strength and wisedome , beside this proofe of his courage in all ages , Christ himselfe , who is his enemie , saith ●e is strong , Luk. 22. 20. Nay , I will adde more , Christ that ouercame him , pronounceth ●●m to be a sh●●●d enemy . If he hath ●een strong , hee is more strong , both because the world waxeth shorter , and wee grow securer . In these latter daies , the more the d●u●● rageth , the more his strength increaseth ; for anger is the whe●●●one of strength : the elder the world waxeth , the more the diuel rageth : For as he plaieth with mē , so he practiseth with the world , he la●eth his sorest siege in his last assault when death beginneth to moderate ●im . And no maruell , for if he take a foyle , or suffer the repulse in our life time , he may recouer with ease , and come againe with some hope ; but because in death , either now or neuer , he must bestir himselfe , he followeth with all force . Secondly , he rageth the more , for our security or little accounting of temptation , and not serious b●thinking of the matter , makes him the stronger ; so as o●● negligence doth inarme his diligence . He is strong enough without a●●our & y●t ●o be sure he will put on armour too Goliah was strong , and yet he go● armour , which sheweth great diligence ; we are weake and ●eede armour , & yet seeke it not , which sheweth extreame negligence . Thus diligent is the diuel . Sow no tares nor cockle , and yet in the fallow it wil grow fast enough ; but he cannot contēt himselfe with that growth , but hee wil sow also , yea and plough too , because he looketh for a plentiful haruest . This is his good hus●ādry , though his crop would be good of it selfe , yet he will sow . No maruel then though Peter cōtenteth not himselfe to call him a Lion , but a ramping Lion : and Iohn termeth him not only a Serpent , but an old Serpent , hauing by experience gotten a perfect habite : and Paul asc●ibeth to him not onely darts , but fiery darts . The armour of this enemy is partly the reuelations of flesh and blood , partly the corrupt example of the world . The diuell hath a motion in vs , and straightway it seemeth a reuelation to flesh and blood . Doe euill , saith the diuell ; doe so , saith the flesh , and strik●s the matter deeper ; doe so as Preachers doe it , saith the world , and this pierceth to the bone . If we could wring out these two pieces of armour , wee were strong . Now the diuell as a Prince , Iohn 13. 14. possesseth not alwaies in his owne person , but by lieutenants and embassadours , who take vp the title of his soule to his interest . This deputie or vicegerent is sinne , which taketh vs vp as tenants for the diuell : and this deputie is accompanied with foure Tetrarches : The first is ignorance , wher with when hee had taken possession of our fathers , they might keepe good houses well enough , and haue many gifts indeede , for hee knew that for all that , they were neuer the neerer to saluation . Secondly , if the diuell sees knowledge must needes come in , and ignorance must needs go out , he sendeth out Errour , which must make men if they wil needs be knowing , either Trinitaries , or Arria●s , or Anabaptists , or such like , who may liue well indeed , and make a great shewe of godlinesse , but all for his greater aduan●age to winne the more soules . Thirdly , Worldlinesse succeedeth , who dares play his part euen vppon them that haue pure knowledge , whom neyther Ignorance , nor Errour could preuaile against : but if these preuaile not , then comes Hypocrisie , and hee will sift vs , and search vs to the quick . If an Angell from Heauen should withstand vs to the face , wee dare boldly pronounce , that ignorant , erroneous and worldly men , such as will take order for God ; when their barnes are full , and all Hypocrites , haue surely vncleane spirits breathing in them , Ephes. 3 2. 3. 5 There are many kindes of knowledge : The common course of the worlde is set down , Micah . 6 26 Ombries statutes are sought for knowledge of Law-points . Christ , Matt. 16. complaineth of another kinde of knowledge : Yee see in the Euening , the skie is red , &c. but knowe yee the face of the Heauens , and are yet ignorant of the knowledge which bringeth euerlasting life ? A third kinde of knowledge there is spoken of , Amo● 8. 5. and Prouerhs 20. where a kinde of people had a grace in making of the Ephah small , and the Shekle great . Wee haue learned a trimme part of knowledge to trippe men in buying and selling . Another knowledge there is Ecclesiasticus 30 24. when people keepe much ad●e about keeping of bullockes , and that so farre , as they first preferre them : but God and his kingdome are sought for afterward : Indeed these things are lawfull for him that hath first affected his own soule to seeke the kingdome of God , but to make the knowledge of God come after , is preposterous . There is another knowledge , and that is of the law of God , which men make so smal account of , that the Lord complaineth by his Prophet : how hee hath taken paines to write the mysteries of the law , and men think it a strange thing ; the knowledge of God his word is hard to them . Well we must enter one way or other , and therefore it shall be profitable to search and suruey the wayes . One way is set downe Ephes. chap. 4. 17 ▪ where the Apostle planting true knowledge forewarneth of going away in the vanitie of their owne minde , neither by adding or detracting , Deut. 4. 2. and. 12. 32 Apoc. 22. 1● . nor by cutting out the booke in peeces , as in Ieremie . This way is more flatly set down , Deut. 12. 8. Ye shall not ●oe whatsoeuer euery man thinketh good in his owne eyes : that is , if ye euer purpose to thriue in heauenly knowledge ye must not say : Me thinks this is good , or that is good , but ye must fetch all from the fountaine of the knowledge of God , which is warranted . A second way is chalked out , 2. Chron. 17 3 ▪ 4 ▪ where the Lord beginneth to commend Iehosaphat for walking vprightly after his commaundements , not after the manner of Israel . But we walke after the trade of Israel Be it spoken therefore to the face of all flesh , what man soeuer walketh thus after the trade of Israel , his blood be vppon himselfe . The third way is sounded to vs , 1. Pet. 3. 17. 18. Because wee perswade our selues to walke well , when wee walke after example , because thus , and thus did our fathers walke . Peter meeteth with this way , and saith , Christ hath redeemed vs from the traditions of the fathers . This way would the woman of Samaria haue walked , Iohn 4 ▪ had not our Sauiour put her into the right way . Let vs learne to walke out of the way of custome , and to come into the way of God. Though all the world goe this way or that way , yet let vs say with Iosh. chap ▪ 24 13. I and my house will walke aright , and so shall we grow from knowledge to knowledge , vntill all appear● before God in Sion . We must not then make Gods word a stranger , because wee will haue it thus , if it be according to my reason , or according to the fashion of the world , or according to my forefathers , but setting these aside , let vs grow in the word of the Lord. There is another thing much hīdring this knowledge of God , that is , whē we haue a glimmering sight we cast of al guides , & yet in worldly things we haue no end where shuld be an end : our ●ns are neuer gray headed , but in heauēly knowledge we quickly make an ●nd , where should be no end . Many can be cōtent to know , but Paul would not haue vs children in knowledge , & therfore writing to the mother citie of good learning he runneth stil on this point with the Corinthians , know yee not , know yee not ? a speech of a reprehension . Sometime we shall see in his allegations no Prophet , no book , no Chapter , no verse named , a greater matter , a high knowledge they had without all quotation , wee haue Prophet , Booke , Chapter , verse named , and yet no knowledge . Yet these are the times , that Daniel chapter 12. 4. speaketh of the increasing of knowledge , and Ioel chapter 2. 28. saith , that the Lord will not droppe but powre out knowledge on all , not on the Iewes alone ; but Esay more plainly , chap. 52 8. reporteth that we shall see eye to eye , and chap. 62. hee saith that the knowledge of the men vnder the Gospell shall be greater than the knowledge of the Priests in the lawe : if we should be such , wee had neede to beginne betime . Well it is an hard saying , that this knowledge is required of vs , but it is true , and wee shall surely bee met withall . Looke on the Primitiue Church , and ye shall see women so desirous of knowledge , that they would bee so eger of it , that they would be asking questions in the Church , so as the Apostle was faine to moderate them . But we neede not this moderation , of whom Esay speaketh more truly , that precept must bee vpon precept , line vnto line , there a little , and there a little , and all littles make but a little with vs , Esay 28. 10. A wonderfull thing . Ministers cannot now adaies bring out of their treasury things new and olde , because they must still teach principles . Well it is a note of reprobation still to be learning , and not to be learned , to be still at the dug , and neuer to be past our A. B. C. But to doe ill , wee haue wit at will , Iere. 4. 22. wee refuse the running water , we chuse puddle water , but for the pure water we neither haue it , nor will haue it . 6 Euery Church , euery common-wealth , euery Vniuersitie hath both land and dunghill , howsoeuer wee shuffle them togther , making the land , where the dung-hill should be , and the dung-hill , where the land should be , because we consider not , that wee haue the charge of Acheldama . i. of a field , not of Iudas blood , but of Christs blood . And hereof it is , that sinne is the rankest corne in this field , which shall neuer bee otherwise , vntill wee cease making husbandmen of the shreds and dregs of the people . But it is Sathans policie not to strike at euery shrub on the hill , but at the trees of Libanon in mount Sion , from whence should come sound & sure timber to the building of Salomons Temple . Hee knoweth it is more dangerous to poyson the fountaine , whereof all drinke , than the cup whereof one drinketh : and therefore hee hath well prouided the Ministerie to bee but a spring whereat all the wilde Asses quench their thirst . 7 Men must looke what followes of sinne : Heathen men say that a man differs from a beast in this , that he sees things to come in his actions , saying . What shall I get of this , or that ? or what will become of it , if I doe it ? I get this commoditie , &c. A beast is onely caried to preuent things , doth that which is before sense : some of them perceiue somewhat , as the weather ; but that is not by discourse of reason , as man doth , but by instinct of nature which God gaue them at the creation . The same difference is betweene the spirituall man and the carnall ; the carnall-man sees what will follow , but goes no further than this world , and compasse of it , as what profit or harme will come by this or that : the godlie goes to the word , and sees what that speaketh of life to come . CHAP. XL. ofthe of the iudgements of God , and how iust he is in iudgement , and how his promises and threatnings to Israel , appertaine to vs. LEt the wicked rebell as they will , and thinke how by their subtilties they may escape Gods threatned iudgements for a while ; yet they shall be pursued from farre , and shall taste the heauie hand of God , both fearefully and wonderfully : as we see in Achab 2. Chron. 18. 33. and others : wherefore let the iudgements of God euer humble vs , for if they doe not humble vs , assuredly they fall vpon vs. 2 It is a good propertie of faith , to feare the word when we see not Gods iudgements : So beleeued Noah before the flood came . So feared Iosiah and hee had peace ; so feared Ahacuck , chap. 3. This if we doe we shall escape punishments , as those did ; but if we doe not , then we cannot escape . 3 As there was not one of the Israelites perished , so was there not one of the Egyptians escaped ; which is a type of the last iudgement of God , wherein as not one of the wicked shall escape , so shall there not one of the godly perish . 4 We may not doubt , albeit we see not Gods promises forthwith accomplished : neither must we be secure , because we see his iudgements and threatnings delaied , as they did in Ieremies time : for though he tarrie a while , yet will he certainely come at last , and that more speedily to vs than to them , because our sinnes are greater , for that we haue greater meanes of knowledge than they had . 5 They that mocke long at Gods iudgements , will mocke in the end and be mocked : wherefore it is good to pray for inward reuerence , before God sendeth outward vengeance . When the Lord accuseth and iudgeth vs to shew himselfe iust and innocent , he will haue none other to witnesse against vs than the mountaines , or the heauens and the earth : he will come to no court on earth but to his creatures , and his seruants haue vsed the same proceeding , as Moses calleth heauen and earth to witnesse , nay we are to call to witnesse the stones in the wal , the timber of the house , that they may giue their voyces on our sides , that we haue told them their sinnes , and that we haue spoken to their consciences , and then the very beames of the Church and stones of the wall shall be witnesse of this controuersie . So that though men would beare one with another , yet the mountaines , the heauen , and the earth shall giue vp their voyce , that God hath not come suddenly vpon vs , but that he forewarned vs. It were a great matter if a man should be iudge in his owne cause , yet the Lord so rules the matter , as that he will condemne none , but such as first shal see their iust condemnation . We shall haue all things laid plaine and orderly before vs , as it is Psalme 50 so that we shall be driuen to confesse Gods plea to be iust against vs : for howsoeuer men can daube and deceiue their owne conscience , howsoeuer they can smother and choke their owne sins and delude men ; yet in the day of wrath , the sealed booke , the sealed booke shall be opened , and the recorder in our owne conscience shall giue sentence vnto it , and then the Lord shall win and recouer his action at our hands , and we shall yeeld that he is iust . 6 There are places in the Scripture , where the Lord is a comforter , and there are places , wherein he is an accuser : the places where he is a comforter shew such persons or such times , wherein the Lord by his accusations hath so farre preuailed , that the people were humbled thereby . The places wherein he is an accuser , import such times and persons , to whom the Lord hath shewed many comforts and benefits , but they haue been vnthankfull , as are we in our times in our Realme , and in this place . For it hath been the wisedome of the Lord alwaies after his threatnings taking place to remember mercy , and after his mercies contemned to send out his threatnings , as Hose . 4. 1. 7 The manner of the ancient Church hath bin , that wheresoeuer mention was made in the word of the children of Israel , the Christians took that specially to appertaine to themselues . But now adaies in our age the case is farre otherwise , we are so loth to be accused , that our manner is to account our selues to be accused in nothing , but there where the Lord hath as it were , by name spoken vnto vs , and if the Lord hath written no prophecy specially to this land , then we thinke nothing cōcerneth vs. Howbeit , as Paul saith , Rom. 2. That they are not onely Iewes , that are Iewes outward , but they also which are Iewes inward : so I say , that they are not onely the children of Israel , which came out of the loynes of Israel , but who so truly lay hold on the promises made vnto Israel , are the true children of Israel also . But not to stand long on this point , I say , looke as Moses is more inferiour than Messiah , and as Iesus is better than Iosuah , & the kingdome of heauen better than Canaan , and the blood of Christ more precious than the blood of bullocks or of goates ; so are we better Israelites , by faith taking hold of the promises made vnto Israel , than they that descended only out of the body & loynes of Israel . So that if any will lay claime to the promises of Israel , he must acknowledge himselfe to be the child of Israel : but if any will let go his hold on this promise , he must also exempt himselfe from being the childe of Israel . He may well be of the line of Cain , Cham , or Esan , but the other he shall not be . And then if we will be the children of Israel in their promises , we must be the children of Israel also in their accusations . And surely there is good reason why we should so be , where as Iacob had two names , the one Iacob , the other Israel , we reade very seldome in the Scripture that the Iewes are named by the children of Iacob , but called for the most part the children of Israel . For the name of Iacob being giuen him at the time of his natiuitie , and the name of Israel being assigned him by the Angel for a name of benefit , because he wrestled with God , the Lord herein insinuateth , that the children of Israel , that is , the children of his benefits , must with a speciall care heare his word . 7 The not obseruing of the Iudgements of God , maketh vs so loth to loue his mercie , and so slenderly to feare his Iudgements . 8 It is a naturall thing to reforme our selues whilest Gods Iudgements are vpon vs. CHAP. XLI . Of Ioy and Sorrow . HE is not far from ioy , that sorroweth either for want of good things , or for sense of euill : for the true way to godly mirth , is to feele godly sorrow . 2 When wee haue greatest cause of ioy for well doing , then it is a good thing to feare most our vnthankfulnes , and our selfe-loue and our secure vnkindnesse . 3 Gods children not cherishing a continuall sorrow , haue often an excessiue sorrow . 4 When a man is most merrie , he is neerest danger . 5 We shall sometimes feele by experience , a terror suddenly come vpon vs , when wee are alone , or vehemently to strike vs in the night , being sent of God to humble vs : the Physition will say it is a melancholike passion , but I say it is the power of Gods presence , preparing vs to prayer , or some such like seruice of God : which when we feele , if wee fall downe before the Lord in prayer , we may finde an vnspeakeable ioy following it , but if we cherish it with euill surmises , it may bring vs to further inconueniences . 6 The way to godly mirth , is to feele godly sorrow . 7 The people murmured at the red Sea , yet the Lord forgaue them , and healed them : Againe they murmured at the bitter waters , yet for his promise sake , and the faith of some , hee pardoned that sinne also , and helped them , and brought them to sweete waters and Palme-trees , fit to campe vnder . Where wee may behold how the Lord tempereth their sorrow with ioy : for his children sometimes must feele his fauour , and sometimes feele it not . Hee letteth them see his goodnesse many wayes , and his heauie hand but seldome , and therefore we ought to beare it more willingly . Againe , wee may learne that wee are the fittest to receiue mercie , when wee haue felt his iustice : and when wee haue found his goodnesse , we must take heede of securitie , for when we are past one crosse , hee can prepare another for vs. 8 By many meanes come we to ioy , saith Chrysostome : the wise men of Greece wished men to reioyce ; and the Poet saith , Without ioy life is no life . So it may seeme ioy is lifes life , and therefore men seeke it so much . He that auoideth not something that is not euill , must needes doe much euill : In riding , wee will not ride so neere the edge of the ditch as wee can , but leaue a good deale betweene , least both our horse and wee fall in . This is our policie in riding , I would it were so in liuing . It is not Christian wisedome to goe as neere euill as wee can . Well is mirth euill then ? Too much vse of mirth is naught . We must not studie for mirth . If it be not a present iest , it looseth his grace , Deut. 29. If he be thirstie hee will drinke till hee bee drunken . Those things wee desire too much , wee will keepe too fast , we came not ( faith Tullie ) into the world to make merrie . One saith , when yee would bee merrie , this you may doe , but make no occupation of it . It is the worst end of a good wit to inuent mirth , and yet wee see daily , how many thinke this is their portion in this life . Ambrose giueth them a fit name , he calleth them superfluous creatures , and so they bee : for the world if they were gone , were well ridde of them . And Hierom saith , God cast not man out of Paradise that hee might here build him another , but that with sweare , &c. our recreation must not be thus , to make it our profession to moue mirth and laughter , a very Idolarie , if one may call it so . This ioy is but a bastard kind of ioy . Hilarie saith , it one laugh when he is going to prison , euery man will count him a foole . So if we will reioyce , let vs reioyce in that that cannot be taken from vs , for when those things perish we must perish also . 9 I finde mention in diuinitie of two kinds of ioy , the one lawfull , the other qualified with circumstances . The first , Chrysostome calleth angelicall ioyes , and Hil●ry calleth them ioyes of the Palace , or such ioyes as are in the court . These are the best , & in these we may be secure , if ye seperate not ioy from the glory of God. There be foure angelical ioyes . The first is the touchstone , whether we reioyce truely or no , Psal 1 7. Let me tongue cleane to the roofe of my mouth , if I forget , nay , if I perferre not Ierusalem in my murth ! Gods glory flourisheth most , when the Church flourisheth , & therfore that is the true ioy : but there are some that can fattē their hearts , when Ierusalem lyeth in the dust . The second ioy is angelical indeed ; so our Sauiour Christ calleth it when a sinner returneth to the Lord , then the Angels reioyce , and this also is a safe ioy . When the prodigall Sonne returned , his Father did well to receiue him with such ioy , though his brother did hang the groine at it : & one of the Fathers saith , though it were but a homly speech , that it was the best calfe that euer he killed , the best peece of veal● that euer he bestowed . At this day there is but small turning of ●inners , & smal reioycing for it , and I thinke this to be the cause of that pouertie , for that they being come home , none will giue them a ring , a gowne , &c. Luke 15. The thrid ioy is . Psal. 122. I reioyce● when they said , come let vs goe to the house of the Lord First , to reioyce in the meanes of saluation , as in Sermons , in Preachers , and such like ; this is angelicall , & Dauids ioy : I reioyced when one told me there was a Sermon in the Lords house , and saide , come let vs goe . A Father saith , thou makest hast to a banquet , but not to the Temple : thy mirth is not good , thy life is not good . Thou canst watch al night in dicing , but not in meditation . The fourth kinde of ioy , is Prouerbs 22. 25. In the rest a man may counterfeite a reioycing , but this passeth all hypocrisie , which is the ioy of the iust , to doe righteousnes , iudgement and equitie . Shew thy conscience all the goodly things in the world , it shall not reioyce at them so much as at one good worke . This ioy will neuer depart , their works follow them , and so shall the ioy of them . The Apostles went away after their whipping , and reioyced , not onely that they could suffer scourges , but that they triumphed . What ioy soeūer we haue else , if we thinke vpon iudgement , then wee say vnto our mirth , thou art madnes , Ecclesiast . chap. 2. The second kinde of ioyes , Chrysostome calleth pettie ioyes : Hilarie termeth them the solace of prisoners , who eate and drinke for a while , but shortely the iudge commeth and condemneth them , and they are executed . This Salomon called bitter sweete ioyes , Prouerbes 14. 13. This is certaine , euery one will haue the one or the other : if they cannot get Penelo●e , they will be suiters to her maidens : these bee seeming ioyes , and wee thinke them to be great , because we know no better . For if wee knewe the ioyes of the righteous , we would laugh at these vaine ioyes . It is noted in Cain , after hee had lost his place in Heauen , he got him as good a place in earth as he could . Iubal hee found out organs to make his Grandfather merrie . What is it then vnlawfull ? I will tell you what the Fathers saide concerning it : The beleeuer can neuer finde time for laughter . Hilary saith , that whatsoeuer we loue in the world , we take thereby occasion of laughter in prison ; and this is phrensie . If these men liued now , they would be accounted precise fooles , Storkes , blockes without affections , for these be the opprobrious speeches which the wicked vse against good men : but if any man can reioyce in Psalmes and spiritual songs , if he can find an hony-combe in the word , and with Dauid can dāce before the Lord ; God forbid , that I , or anie should play Michol to mocke him . Nay , I will say with Moses , I would all the Lords people were as these bee : and tooke pleasure in these things , for thus wee ought to be , and I will say with Paul , would to God you would practise these things which I teach But where the Spirit is carnal ( as Bernard saith ) where there is a mouldie soule , a drie heart , where the Spirit is turned into flesh , there men loue these pettie ioyes , and bitter sweetes . But yet ( not to foster any mans imperfections ) the Church hath childrē of perfect age , shee had babes , yea , euen such as are in their lumpe like the Beares whelpe , wee cannot come from Beersheba to Bethel at one step . These actions in themselues are not vnlawfull , but ●●fles are for babes which the Church beareth with , vntil God prouide better sor vs , not commanded but permitted , as Paul , when he was a childe , spake as a childe , and wee are all in the estate of children , 1. King. 11. Salomons men that went to Ophir , did not only bring gold and siluer , necessary for the common-wealth , but Parrats and Apes for children . 10 The true rule of mirth is set downe , Ephes. 5. 4. it must not be rotten mirth , mirth of concupiscēce , to speake plaine , such as is obscene and scurril mirth , corrupting good manners , concerning which Bernard saith , if it be a shame to heare , let it be a shame to speake . Secondly , the mirth may not be Dymic●s , pricking mirth , quipping myrth , and ●aunts , to please our auditors with . The third thing is , that it be not without reason , vnreasonable . mirth , feather-mirth , when there is no cause to bee merie , when a man hath a conceite of himselfe , to which Paul opposeth thankes-giuing , that our mirth may bee gracious . And thus much for the first kinde of corrupt mirth . There is a second kinde , Ierem. 15. painted out : I sit not in the assembly of mockers , because of the companie , which is noted , Hos. 7. When that Kings would be merrie , they must haue an hick-scorner , and a common jester to come among them , this is Tauerne-mirth , and the fooles cannot else be merrie . So then our mirth is euill when we make not choyce of companie . Thirdly , not vsing of the right time , is vitious here , Iob. 21. 13. They spend their dayes in wealth , and suddenly they goe donne into the graue . It is that whereupon Augustine saith : I would that men did not onely leese their time , I wish they might not loose bodie and soule also , Exodus 30. They sit donne to cate and drinke , and rise againe to playe : But Eccles. 3. Weeping is first , afterwards loye . Ezekiel . 9 The Mourners are marked with the Lords TAV . Wee make our studies-labours and trades , a parenthesis to our play ; whereas our play should bee a parenthesis to our labours . Lastlie , measure and manner must bee obserued , Prouerbs ▪ 22. A Foole when hee laugheth , lifts vp his voyce , but the wise man is scarse heard : it is like the fire of thornes , a little fire and much cracking ; so in a foole much laughter and little cause . We may not as Fooles , tire our selues with laughter : seeing thou must stand before the barre in iudgement , how is it that thou canst so laugh ? saith Chrysostome . And Hylarie saith on Psalme 137. All our ioyes in this life are as the waters of Babylon . Wee must reioyce in trembling , Psalme 2. If we haue not this we keepe no order in the rest . Remember to obserue these rules . 11 In our pleasures wee are especially to beware , that wee take no pleasure in pleasures , Men must not be mirth mongers , ( that is ) men must not studie for mirth . And what is the reason ? Surely , because where there is an exceeding and ouer much desire of a thing , there is like to bee an exceeding , and ouer much vse of the thing , when wee haue it : which is our reason against ambition and couetousnes : for riches and honour in themselues being good , by an excessiue desire and vse of them are made naught . The ende of our mirth must not be onely to bring pleasure , and that pleasure may bring ioy : for then we shall reioyce to reioyce , and this is Idolatrie . For it would be preiudiciall to our reioycing in God , for whatsoeuer hath an ende aboue this ende , is dangerous . One saith very well , if my bodie be but a strainer for meats and drinks to runne through . If I serue for none othervse , but to make reporte of the sweete and sower taste of this or that , surely my life is not worthie of life . Againe , wee must beware in our mirth , that wee haue not a care to please our hearts , our hearts being vnsearchable pittes , if they followe naturall things , they growe to be too natural , and therefore they are sometimes to be pressed and imprisoned , vntill they smart , least hauing too much libertie , they cause euery vaine in soule and body to smart in the ende . 12 Youth especially is to take heed of pleasure : for though fire be good , yet in flax or tinder it is not good : So though pleasure be good , yet pleasure in youth is not good . We need not plow for weeds , they will grow fast enough in the fallow . But some will take pleasure in youth especially , and they purpose to become good , and to liue grauely hereafter , and to behaue themselues solemnely afterwards . This is to make a couenāt with the diuell , as the diuel said to Christ : I wil come out , but the time is not come yet ; so we wil leaue pleasure when the time coms , & in the meane time he keepeth vs in a purpose , wherefore there are more in hell than in heauen . Young men make their sins of a double die , crimson sins , they become a disease of the bones , and custome is turned into a necessitie : whereupon diuers say , I would faine , but I cannot leaue them , whereof where one doth recouer , forty rot away . If Sathan can make our youth an vnprofitable age , al the ages after hardly any good to be looked for . For if he once nippe the blossome , where is the hope of the Autumne ? where may we looke for fruite ? Well , if wee will needes vse pleasure , wee must set downe some measure . 13 The diuels rules neuer haue exceptions , but God his Saints must learne restraint ; we must neuer make our hearts the stewards of our affections , that our thoughts wander not in them , and least in desiring things too much , we exceede when we haue them . There must be the least appetite of those outward things , because there is the least vse of them . If a man cannot want them , he will abuse them , whē he hath them . It is true that Ierom saith , Their originall or beginning is honest , but their growth and greatnesse is deformed : and that also , Sinne is very reasonable at the beginning and very shamefast . Thamar went first to play the whore with a vaile before her face , but now with an open face . First honest recreation , and then a pleasure of vanitie ▪ recreation before labour , to play before we studie . We vse pleasure , but to no good ende . So Elies boyes would haue the fat without any reason . Iudas could see the absurditie of this : To what end is this ointment spent wastfully ? we vse such things too much or too long , whole daies from morning vntil night , til we be set on fire with them We come to be too effuse . Nabals feasts are like the feasts of a king , he being but a countrie farmer . 14 This is a general rule , wantonnesse is the beginning of sinne : we see in Esau , to what great prophanenesse his wanton pleasure in hunting grew : So in the Scriptures there can be found none other beginning of Salomons fall but this , that 1. Reg. 5. when he had spent seauen yeeres in building the house of God , hee spent thirteene yeeres after in building an house for himself . This was scarse a good propertie to bestow thirteene yeares on his own house and seauen yeares on Gods house , and the Apes and Peacockes that hee brought into the Land , set the people on such vanitie , that they vanished awaie in their wanton thoughts . Idlenes and trifling be the callings of Gentlemen now adaies , as also needelesse expenses , 1. Tim. 5. CHAP. XLII . Of Inuiries , offences , and controuersies . WHen an iniurie is offered thee , the Lord doth trie thee , what loue , patience , and meekenesse is in thee to blesse them that curse thee , which will followe if thou be the childe of God : contrariwise if thou requite euill for euill , then doth the Lord shewe vnto thee the corruption , which thou must labour to pull out of thee if thou wilt ouercome . 2 When we see that others stand in neede of our helpe , and wee are able to helpe , the Lord requireth our obedience . 3 Meditations of GODS promises and prouidence , will driue from vs all desire of reuenge . 4 We must not tarry vntill others reconcile thēselues vnto vs : but as God doth rather oftentimes , by heaping his benefits than powring his plagues vpon vs , shew vs our sinnes ; so must we rather by courteous dealing than seuere handling , shew others how they haue offended vs. 5 The more Pharaoh restrained , the more Moses stood in the thing that was commanded ; cōtrary vnto those which making a mingle mangle in religion , yeeld in some things , but wee must not yeeld a lot of that the Lord requireth , although in worldly matters wee ought for peace to yeeld one to another . In religion it skilleth not how little the matter seeme , for which we doe contend . The least thing that God commandeth is great in the sight of God : and Gods children haue been punished for small offences in appearance , as Moses and Aaron for grudging were debarred from the land of promise . Iosiah was slaine because he asked not counsell to goe to warre , which may teach vs to beware of the least offences . It ought not to be condemned nor counted precisenesse not to giue consent in the breach of the least thing , though we may beare them ( when they cannot be redressed ) but not with consent . 6 Shall we be contentious ? I thinke no nature is so mis●reant , that it doth delight in contention : if any delight to dwell in Mesh●ch , as Dauid calleth it , I would he had a tabernacle there : if any delight in contention , I wish no more harme , than that he may be neuer without it . What then , shall we blot out controuersies ? That were to teach the spirit of God wisedome . Could he not as well haue said , let there be peace , as let there be light ? ●ay , God hath ordained there should be contentions , and not onely permitted them , but saith , they must be , and such as be about the waightiest matters in truth called heresies , 1. Cor. 11. Then it is a dreame of idle braines , that any good can be receiued without controuersies , and as the Prophet Esaiah saith , without the barking of some dog or other . It is not so in euill things ; they are receiued with silence : what then shal we play the pots , and aske the potter a reason of his doing ? Albeit I like not that humor of men , which wil search out the reason of God his doings , when they know his flat wil , yet in this we may , because he hath set it downe . There be three reasons , first that those , That are stedfast may be approued , we will haue it in this . As Sathan did to Iob , God called him , what saiest thou of my seruant Iob ▪ Liueth he not vprightly ? No grandmercie , said he , for he hath all blessings of thee , but take away them , and then &c. Secondly , there are cities to be gouerned , and to that ende we must vse our talent . Iohn reproued the Scribes and Pharisies and came to reproue Herod . Samuel reproued Ely , and came to reproue Saul , that might haue smitten off his head . Thirdly , that the Diuell may haue the greater ouerthrow , that as God triumphed ouer him in Iob , so in our constancie he might doe the like . Then controuersies are necessarie . How then is it , that God is called the God of glorie and peace ? that Christ is called the prince of peace ? the Gospell , the Gospell of peace ? the Ministers , the Ministers of peace ? of glad tydings and vnitie commended so generall ? Surely it is the fault of our age to deliuer the word by halfes , and so I say , that he that teacheth peace to be good simplie without exception , teacheth an errour . Therefore peace must be peace in truth , and for this cause Christ saith , I am the way , the life and truth : for to haue contention with such as hold not in him , is no breach of peace . Nay the wicked among themselues haue no peace , it is but truce , they haue couenanted with hell for a time , a day , a few yeares , or as the rearme of their life , and then is great and euerlasting debate , we may see it in the first agreement among the wicked . The serpent disputed with Heua , vntill she had yeelded ; then all was quiet vntill the euening , but then came one & brake the truce . Separate peace from truth , and peace is no peace . The reason therefore is set down , Ps. 138. Lord thou hast magnified thy truth aboue al things , therfore aboue peace . And that I fal not into that error aforesaid my selfe , I will tell you what truth is . We thinke we are at peace , & haue vnitie perfect among vs if we be of the same religion , and we agree , that we must , and wil be all Protestants : but the fathers haue al distinguished truth into three parts . * First , truth of doctrine in religion : Secondly , of life in our conuersation : Thirdly , of iustice in giuing preferments . Vnlesse a man hath al these , he hath none of them : and if in all these be peace , I will seeke & ensue after peace ; as saith the Psalmist : if any offend in these , I will not haue peace with him . We knowe , that veritas doctrinae hath had witnesses martyrs ; so haue the other two , though they send vs not to heauen in a firie chariot : but an euil name which euery mā for their stakes must prouide to suffer : we must be in this , as Christ , when he kneeled before his father in the garden . If mās saluation may be wrought , let this cup passe ; if not , thy will be done . So if a man should hold vs a cup of the wrath of a multitude , or a mightie man , we must say , if it be possible , the truth may be defended without this ; then let this cup passe : but if it cannot be otherwise , let me drinke the dregs & all . So that God himselfe in such cases is the author of dissention . He will haue dissention , hee sweareth , Esay . 59. that hee is angrie , for that none will make dissension in taking part with the truth . GOD the Father may seeme farther off . But euen CHRIST the Prince of peace himselfe , Mat. 10. saith : I came not to bring peace , but a sworde , that they which consent in wickednes , might sticke no longer together : And Psal. 94. Dauid saith , Who will take my part against the wicked ? That was a voyce of dissention ( if euer there were anie , euen that which Tullie calleth the fanne of dissention . Augustine saith , this is nothing but a question betweene the Counsell , and the Tribune , they will agree with the inferiour magistrate against him , that is as farre aboue him , as the Counsell is aboue the Tribune . Therefore when there is dissention wee must not be dismaide . It is foretold , Esay . 5. 24. Ieremiah is faine to crie , my Mother hath borne mee a contentious man. The Israelites said , we shall neuer be quiet till Amos be from among vs. Euen the Diuel himselfe chargeth our Sauiour Christ with it , Art thou come to torment vs ? And the lesse dismaide shall we be , if as a learned father saith : first , if we praied against it : secondly , if we haue desired to ioine peace and truth : thirdly , if we haue felt a mourning , for that there is dissention : fourthly , if we be readie to yeeld a reason of that we doe : fiftly , and will ( for quietnes sake ) confesse a fault , where there is is none . They haue one great argument , that it breedeth no offence so to contend . This troubled manie in the primitiue Church , leauing many good things vndone , which otherwise they would haue done ; till at the last they concluded in a councell , which hath bin held of all fathers , schoolemen , and Diuines hitherto , and I pray God it may be so of vs. It is better that an offence arise , than that truth be forsaken : and thus much of controuersies . Manie now a dayes in giuing voyces , haue a pretie wise policie , because it is so euill a thing ▪ I will giue no voice at all , hold you content , such be 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , neuterpassiues , indifferent men , that will doe neither good nor euill . These are odious vnto the Lord , Zephani , 1. 12 ▪ If there be any man , that saith , I will neither do good nor bad , or hath set down that rule with himselfe , I will , saith the Lorde , seeke him out with a lanterne to a straunge iudgement . They will say , as it is Ps 12. Our tongues & lungs are our own , and therefore we may speake , as we list , and when we list . By this they shew , that they haue neither Logike nor Diuinitie . The holy Ghost saith , thou shalt not giue thy voice . If the precept be affirmatiue , it bindeth semper not ad semper ; but if it bee negatiue , it bindeth but semper and ad semper . The like precept is , thou shalt be no vsurer : well , I will not lend at all , but thou must lend , and yet not lend to vsurie . Thou shalt not take the Name of the LORD thy GOD in vaine . Well , I will not sweare at all ; yea , thou must sweare by his Name , & yet not take it in vaine . Thou shalt not beare false-witnes : well , I will beare no witnes at all ; yea , thou shalt beare a witnes , but yet not a false witnes . So I will not giue my voyce at all ; yes , thou shalt , and yet not to a Rabbi , or a multitude . The reason hereof is , because we were born to beare witnes to the truth . Therefore was I borne saith Christ. Whereupon Augustine saith , this belongeth to all Christians . Fulgentius a good and holy father saith , when Truth is indangered , both he which denieth it , & he which holdeth his peace , do betray the Truth . Well , it is said , thou shalt not answere , and therefore wee hold it not needfull to giue our witnes to the Truth , except we be asked and intreated . But is it not often said in the Euargelists , Then IESVS answered & said , whē no man spake vnto him ? Hereupon one said , Truth demanded it in his Conscience . As GOD is said in Esay , to heare vs , before we call vnto him ; so will he haue vs to answer him , before he speake to vs. Psal. 5. Dauid tarieth not to defend the innocent , till he be intreated ; taketh no reward to doe right , being rea●ie without desiring . As we haue two kindes of sinnes , sinnes of omission , and commission , and Psal. 128. if they put but their hand to wickednesse , touch it with one finger , and not put to their shoulders ; so is it not onely vnlawfull not to doe good , but also not to worke together in good . And as the man that lusteth after a woman , cōmitteth adulterie , but she is cleere : so those that giue not witnes to the Truth , thogh it preuaile , haue to themselues ouerthrowne the Truth ; and those that haue giuē witnes to it , thogh the Truth fall , to them it standeth . But that is flat without all exception , He that is not with me , is against me . Yet some haue answered this place vnto me in priuate conference with that other place , He that is not against me , is with me : So then , if ye giue a voice , and not against the Truth , ye are with it ▪ Marke , of whom Christ speaketh , of one that was no disciple , that had not giuen his name to Christ , of him Christ saith : If he be not against vs , he is with vs. As if one be of another land , if he be not against the Prince , he is with him ; but if he be a subiect , if he be not with the prince , he is against him , and shall sustaine the punishment of a rebell . 8 If we would know what it is to peruert , wee shall see it in Augustine . De vera religione cap. 34. to put out of order , as it were shuffling the cardes to place a deuce with a King , to bring in that which should bee kept out . Now what is order ? that the worst be subiect to the better . Then those are peruerse , which place the worst aboue the best , which place them in great callings , which are vnworthy to bee among the base people . To them it is saide , cease to doe peruersly . None peruerts another , but first hee peruerts himselfe ; and those that peruert themselues , peruert their rules or their ends : their rules , as to prefer mans lawes before Gods lawes ; their ends , as preferring temporall things , as this case , this gaine , before eternall : now and then at their leisure thinking of the chiefe end of all , but preferring the other . Euen as the crab going backward himselfe , perswadeth al other fishes they swim wrong : so these being peruerse themselues begin then to shuffle the cards , then they will haue men be of their mindes , or they will turne iustice into wormwood , that it shall be as bitter as wormwood to the good man to doe iustice : for my part I would Achab troubled Israel no more , though Eliah beare the blame . 9 Hee saide that when hee considered how Noah , Moses and others fell in their latter daies , and how the most excellent haue fallen ; hee most earnestly prayed that the Lord would take him out of the world ; before that his life should bring any offence to the Church of God. 10 Iacob and Esau cannot agree in one wombe , Sarah and Agar cannot agree in one house , Isaac and Ishmael must not dwell together : there is no agreement between the children of God , and the children of Belial . 11 Moses was angrie , and is commended for it , so that euery anger is not condemnable , but to be angrie without a cause and without measure . Some men will bee angrie for their owne cause , and very hot ; but in Gods cause they will not bee angrie at all : this is a fleshly anger : but when men sinne either to the dishonour of God , or their owne destruction , then to be angry is a good anger , if the saluatiō of our brother doth moue vs therto , not our owne iniuries : for we can beare with patience , iniuries so farre as priuately it concerneth vs , but when it toucheth GODS glorie , we cannot but be angrie . Some are angrie for euery thing , and in light matters , and yet not in waightie matters ; then let those men take heede , for these are very faultie . But if we be like the Lord , not marking what is done amisse , nor being angry continually , that we had rather be loued than feared , and according as the matter is , so is our anger ; then is it good : otherwise it is not to be allowed ; for as the Lord doth vse more meanes to cause vs to loue him than to feare him ; so ought we●o doe , and to bee more carefull with loue to winne , than with anger to compell . The Lord is slow to wrath : and anger resteth in the bosome of fooles , whereas a wise man will represse anger . Then let our anger be according to the fault , a light fault , a light anger , of small continuance , but we must beleeue the Lord to bee greatly grieued with great sinnes . In Gods cause some men are moued , when themselues are also touched ; but if themselues be not touched , they can be quiet : but when their brother is hurt , though God bee dishonoured , they care not . If we see our selues moued but then , when our selues are touched , let vs suspect the want of faith , of loue , and zeale of Gods glorie , and thinke wee stand too much to our o●ne praise : but if we cannot be content when the things doe not touch vs , but euen the glorie of God doth moue vs to anger , then is it good , and of God : Though some be our very friends , yet we can be most angrie with them when they fauour vs ; and when they displease vs , we can remember the old loue , and so still mingle anger with loue : and if I can bee angrie with whomsoeuer I see the same sinne in , then is it also of God , and to be allowed : and indeede true Christian anger will sooner bee to his friend , than to his enemie . Againe , when wee can first beginne with our sinnes , and be more angrie for them than for others ( for no man can euer bee angrie for other mens sinnes , which cannot be angrie for their owne ) and this is that which Christ saith ; Cast the beame out of your own eyes , &c. But when our anger first beginneth with our selues , and that there is no sin which wee would willingly rest or fauour our selues in , then if wee bee angrie with others for the same sinnes , this is of God ; if we cast the first stone at our selues , and if the sinne bee in vs , we striue against it ; if it be not , we feare it may bee , and therefore studie to preuent it . Againe , when our anger doth let vs from doing any duties to them which wee are angrie with ; then is anger to be misliked : but when wee are readie to shewe all duties to them , as to pray for them , and all other duties of loue , then let vs haue here a testimonie of good anger : but if it make vs to haue a troubled minde , though it be for a good cause , it is to be respected : for the workes of Gods spirit in vs , doe not hinder one another , but rather doe further ; and if we were colde before , and yet now shall be quickened to prayer and other good exercises , this if we finde , it is a note of good anger . Againe , our anger for the breach of Gods commandement , is ioyned with a compassion ouer them which haue thus offended , because of the wrath of God which hangeth ouer them ; thus was Christ angrie and sorie , Mark. chap. 3. and also when he wept ouer Ierusalem , and Paul , 2. Cor. cha . 12. ver . 21. faith , he should be humbled when he commeth with a rodde to them , and therefore he describeth fleshly anger , that they were puffed vp , 1. Cor. 5. Rom. 15. Wee should support the weake , and be so grieued , as though we had done that they haue done . When wee see the sinnes of others , wee must bee so grieued , as if we had done them our selues : Christianitie hath griefe , flesh hath ioy in the sight of the sinnes and infirmities of other men . 12 Worldlings being poore , looke onely to the iniurie of men ; and being sicke , looke onely to the meanes ; and in whatsoeuer trouble they are , they are like the dogge that looketh to the stone , and not to him that throweth it , because they know not that the Lord is the healer , but thinke it is by fortune , and not Gods prouidence ; and therefore they looke not to God , nor their sinne at all , or els looke onely to the angrie countenance of God , and so come to miserable ends . Therefore it is a blessing of God to see , that for his sinnes a man hath any trouble . The contrarie commeth to passe by the ignorance of Gods prouidence , which must by faith be beleeued , as the creation is , and therefore a man may see , and yet beleeue not Gods prouidence ; for God hath time , and all things that in time come to passe , be in his hands , Eccl. 3. So both must necessarily be beleeued , for they are both the first article , and one without the other cannot be beleeued ▪ Then let vs beleeue that hee is our healer , and therefore when we are stricken , let vs looke if wee haue walked well in our calling , then is it for our triall , and in the end we shall haue euerlasting ioy : but if wee want a good conscience , then let vs know it to be for our sinne ; therfore looke to the law , where we shall see , though not the particular sinne , yet one of these which God hath ordained to keepe vs from sinne : as wee shall see it is either for that wee haue not heard the word , nor prayed , nor been thankfull , or not receiued the Sacraments , or else done these for fashion , and not in truth , and these are such sinnes as the Lord will punish : as Paul saith , 1. Cor. 11. Though there were many other sins , yet if they had vsed these aright , they should either not haue fallen into these sins , or els he would haue giuen them repentance , whereby they should haue preuented his iudgements . CHAP. XLIII . Of iudgement and folly , and of iudging , reprouing , and praising . THe Diuell when he cannot at the first corrupt affection , he will beginne to corrupt iudgement , and then affection . 2 We may be conuinced in iudgement , and yet not haue our mindes changed and renued , for that commeth onely when our affections are reformed into the due obedience of that which we haue in true vnderstanding . 3 When we defer to haue that in affection , which wee haue in iudgement , it is the iust iudgement of God , to depriue vs of that which we had in iudgement . 4 We may not iudge of any thing by any one action , neither may we iudge suddenly , but tarrie Gods appointed time , for he will manifest all things in their appointed time . 5 We must beg of God the spirit of wisedome to discerne the dealings of men : for the wicked doe often the same things , and in the same manner that Gods children do , but yet not with like affection : we must take heed therefore , that we condemne not the good , nor iustifie the wicked . 6 We be blind in iudging of Gods works : and hence it commeth to passe , that wee run headlong to destruction , in seeing those things that seeme to be good vnto vs. This ought to moue vs to pray vnto God , that he would inlighten our minds , and reforme our iudgements , that we may wisely consider of his workes . 7 A man may haue a good wit , and yet be subiect to the secret curse of God. 8 A good wit not sanctified , is a fit pray for the Diuell . 9 There are diuers kindes of follie . Salomon saith , A wise man is not a stranger in the congregation of the Lord : so then this is a foolishnes , not to come to the congregation of Gods people . In Paules time it was said , bee not foolish but redeeme the time : th●● then is also follie to loose time . In the time of Moses and Iethro , to giue authoritie and titles in the highest degrees to them that deserue them not , by Iethroes iudgement was follie , and wee do in these times the very same . Well , all these are fooles which can do vs no harme , those that are aliue are no fooles , so long as they can doe hurt . And such as helpe vs to preferment , we call them wise whatsoeuer we thinke of them : there are two kinds of fooles , one a sot for ignarance , or a crased foole , as he that hath a disease only . There is another foole , and he hath the carkase of folly , and he may well be called the child of follie : This is stinking follie , and brutish follie . Chrysostome faith , Better to be found a beast than to become like a beast , for the first is of nature , the last is of sinne . If it bee foolishnesse to be ignorant of that we should doe , what great follie is it to knowe what wee should doe , and doe it not ? And who would thinke such follie could fall into any man , that he should know it to bee follie , and confesse i● , and yet doe it ? 10 There is is a sect in our age , which say euery one is a sinner , and so will neuer be reproued of any sinne : they say , euery one hath enough to looke to one : so was Iohn counted a foole , an austere foole ; and Christ a popular foole : for indeede , because they meant to follow neither of them , they counted them both fooles Christ compareth them to froward children , Luke 7 , and wee may compare them to ●oule gamesters , if I be not deceiued ; who , when they haue lost all , and haue the last cast in their hande , and see that it is naught also , rise vp in a chafe , and fling downe all , and say , that there hath beene foule play played , when the fault is onely in themselues . So these , when they are reprehended , say , all is naught , and bring others into the compasse of their owne follie . Therefore as they preached against iusticiaries afore time , that all were sinners , none that did good ; so now we must preach against Libertines , that all are not vnrighteous : the holy Ghost in al times hath called some by these termes , righteous , wise , holy , though not before the iudgement seat of God , yet in walking in their calling , in doing right , and labouring to obserue the word . All is vanitie , for that all they vse sometimes , the Preacher said so , but he neuer said , all is vanitie of vanities . There is a difference betweene a sinne , that Esay compareth to a coard , and that to a car●rope ; betweene Ezechias his boyle , and Lazarus his botch ; betwixt Pauls pricke in the flesh , and him that was wounded in the way betweene Ierusalem and Iericho : one of these may heale another : a mote may pull out a beame , though a beame may not pull out a mote , else there should be no sinne reproued . 11 We can easily say , their foolishnesse , their sinne , their vnthankefulnesse . This is the fittest Pronoune that we can vse , we haue many notable things in our selues , which we count follie in other men ; as in Iudah hath Thamar played the whore , burne her ; but when he saw the scaffold , the case was altered . There is difference betweene burne her , and I am to be blamed ; sinners are to be blamed . This is that we learned in Philosophie , we can see intellectu directo those things which are in others , but we cannot see intellectu reflexo and vnderstand our selues : for our owne faults we had need of an Eunuch to looke out . 12 We may be bold with those that are dead : so said Lucian ; Anger and Enuie had killed all wise men , for in anger and enuie we will account none wise : fauour and flatterie had killed all fooles ; for we wil for those two affections accompt all wise . So when Pilate liued he was counted wise , but now he is dead , Pilate was a foole . So of Demas and Sobna . This is the triumph of wisedome aboue follie ; that as wisedome is iustified of her children ; so foolishnes is condemned of her children . They condemne the same things that they doe . Herod so long as he liued , was accounted wise , and was a King , and Iohn Baptist a foole ; but now both be dead , Herod is a foole , and so confesseth of himselfe , and Iohn Baptist is a Saint . So was D●●●s Cla●dius Nero whilest he liued wise , and Paul a foole ; but now he is Nero the tyrant , and Paul holy S. Paul. The reason of this is , for that wee are ledde by present things . So long as we liue together with them , feare and hope are stopples for our mouthes , so that no man can heare , what he is indeed being present , till he bee dead and gone from among vs. They that follow shall pronounce the truth of vs. Christ saith , Reioyce when men speake euill of you , for so did your fathers of the Prophets . 13 Gutturall praises must not bee giuen to God. It is an easie thing to affoord a good thing a good word , to crie Euge macte virtute . The Prophet saith , the wicked are onely mouthed men , they sprinkle it with a little court-holy-water : it is pretie shippe , but they will not goe in it : they crie , Lord , Lord , but yet they doe nothing . When the women cried out to Christ , Blessed are the pappes that gaue thee sucke : No , no , saith he , Blessed are they that heare these words and do them . Let the worke speake and commend it selfe , not he that when he heareth a good thing , straight breaketh out into glorious praises , his affection is so hot : but hee that is so stricken with it , that he is past praysing ; so musing of it , that the sent of it appeareth in his life long after . They count Paul a wise man , but behinde the doore they laugh as Sarai did . Socrates . Praise me that I may see it : for our praise is , to giue a testimony that we like it , but this is the best testimonie , if we follow it ; for if thou didst thinke it to be true wisedome , thou wouldest follow it . 14 Vniuersities are the Lords Lebanon , frō whence timber is to be felled for the building of his Church , his quiuers , as Esay saith , wherein are hidden all his chosen shafts , the sonnes of the Prophets : and as I may say , the bayes or workes from whence salt is to bee digged with whose verdure the sacrifice is to be seasoned . 15 Schollers must make a good bending of their studies , and bee vertuously brought vp : first , that they may profit the Church ▪ and attaine more easily to the knowledge of the Scriptures , they may not want humane arts . Secondly , if they be vertuous and godly , they shall haue more authoritie to preach , when men haue nothing to lay against them : sinfull men blush , and get not nor haue not that authoritie that others haue . CHAP. XLIIII . Of knowledge and ignorance , and how to seeke God , and of Sathans sophistrie , &c. KNowledge and other giftes of God not sanctified keep vs from the sight of sinne , and perswade vs that they will excuse vs from wrath to come , vntill our sinnes be pulled out by the eares . 2 Knowledge must goe before obedience , obedience must followe after knowledge with all chreerefulnes . 3 The Egyptians by all Gods wonders might haue knowne him , but they considered not his works , so they refused knowledge ; therefore the Lord by a great destruction would make them feele that he was God indeede : which may teach vs to get knowledge , while the meanes are offered , for if we will not know him while he sheweth himselfe fauourable , we shall certainly know him to our owne fearefull condemnation . 4 All our disobedience commeth of this , that we knowe not the Lord. And wheresoeuer the word of the Lord is , hee will moue those that be his to beleeue , though he did the same things from the wise of the world . 5 There is none almost but at one time or other do seeke God ; though the common sort , at the last cast in extreame danger , when health and friendes faile them , goe to him . But Malachie saith , GOD is a King , and will haue his Senioritie : & in this order of seeking manie good men are deceiued , for so they deale not falsly , they thinke they may scratch woridly riches , but the Lord will not haue vs take the siluer of worldly things , before gold of godlines ; Neither must the seruant first waite some houres on himselfe , and then on his master , but contrarilie ; because as there is a seeking , so in seeking there is an order : And this is Gods prerogatiue to be sought first Matth. 23. he is a foole which thinkes the gold of the temple , that is riches , better then the Pietie of the temple , which sanctifiethriches ▪ Salomons chaire must be our direction . Abraham sought obediēce before his own countrie Ioseph and Moses sought GOD rather then Pharaoh : but wee seeke preposterously , giuing youth to pleasure , old age to God , we make our eldest childrē Lawyers , the second or yongest , diuines ; whereas our fathers made the first-borne to seruein the Priesthood . In our contracts , wee first seeke wealth , and then religion ; a cursed match : well , while wee thus seeke God , we shall neuer finde him . Wherefore let vs seeke God in his word , and that not in a peece of the word , but in all the word : not making conscience of some sinne , and yet ●etaining other sinne , God will not be diuided , nor quartered in qualities , because hee is indiuisible in substance . Manie vse a restrained obedience , and the world hath euer a placard for some sinne . Such a one was he that would haue a dispēsation for kneeling in the house of R●mmon with his maister . Ananias would keepe some part to himselfe , GOD will bee sought totally in respect of his Worde , as also hee requireth an vniuersalitie in seeking of himselfe . We must not seeke God and the world together , wee must not haue two strings to our bowe : hauing one eye on the word and another on the world . We must not thinke if we haue God it is well ; if we haue him not , it is no great harme , purposing a pietie to out felues , so long as wee be in the Church , and promising to our selues immunitie being out of the Church . 6 Samuel the first builder ( we reade ) of Colledges : calleth his Colledge Naioth , that is , euen beautie it selfe , where must be no deformitie , for a small spot in beautie , is a great blemish . Againe , Colledges are as Epitomes of the Common-wealth , as Athens was of Greece ; and what a thing were it in an Epitome to finde superfl●●tie . Vniuersities are the eyes of the Common-wealth , and a mote in the eye is a great trouble . Briefly , Vniuersities be the Lebanon of the Lorde , from whence timber must be fetched to build the Temple . They be the Conduits , to deriue water into the whole land . They be the Rocks or Bayes , where Salt is prepared to season . They be the polished Saphires to garnish the house of the Lord. 7 It is a parte of the Diuels Sophistrie , as in good things to seuer the meanes from the ende ; so in euill things to separate the ende from the meanes . Dauid ioyneth both together , Psalm . 119. I am thine , O Lord saue mee . The Diuell perswadeth vs , God will saue vs , but makes vs neuer looke to that I am thine . In euill hee beareth vs in hand , we may vse the meanes , and neuer come to the ende , and so clip off halfe : as when hee can suffer this . Eccles. ●1 . 9 ▪ Reioyce O young man , he would leaue out this , But thou shalt come to iudgement , But these hath God ioyned together , and neither the subtilty of youth , nor any wit of man , nor all the Diuels in hell can separate them ; the pleasures of the flesh , and the iudgements of God : as to our first parents , Eate yee shall not die : to who me some Salomon might haue saide , if it seeme pleasant to you , eate it , but death shall come . So in these two that Ezechiel hath ioyned : the ease of the Pastour , and the blood required at his hands ; he might haue said , Go to , build you tabernacles , where you may take most profit , and giue eare to wealth : yet God shall bring you to iudgement . God with an Adamant chaine hath knit the pleasures of this world with iudgement , he that hath one must haue both . 8 There are many places most effectuall , and worthier meditation , than others in the Scripture , wherein Spiritus multum spirauit , for I thinke that the Spirit not onely bloweth where it listeth , but also when , and in what measure hee listeth . As in some places , namely Psalme 45. and 49. 1● . the Lord calleth as it were a congregation of all sorts and conditions , signifying some great point of wisedome ; that he requireth so great a Theatre . The ancient expositours say this wisedome is , where this word Selah is ●ound ▪ For whether it signifie , as the seuentie Interpreters say , a great pause , that the verse going before may be meditated on ; or a repetition , as Rabbi Abraham saith , that that verse for it excellencie should bee twice sung , or both , as Tremellius ; it must needes signifie great wisedome and matter in the verse . 9 These dayes shall not continue alwayes , but there shall come a day wherein the conscience shall be dismayed , a day of death , wherein wee will not care for riches , beautie , learning , praise , or estimation . And yet there be some that care not for this : which loue as Tully saith of Verres , siluer better then heauen , they thinke it a greater matter to liue in a beggerly estate , then to loose their soules . But this is follie , prooued by two reasons . First , thus do the beasts : Balaams wisdome , and his A●es wisdome is all one . For the Asse which hath but a soule of one life , & when he dieth , his soule vanisheth into the ayre , if he haue a good pasture , and then get a Lyons skin to make the beasts of the field afraid of him , & can kicke one with his heeles , and make him lie before him , this is a beasts honour : but the honour of a man is greater , which hath two liues , to whom this life ought onely to be for the suretie of the soule ; and rather a way to another life , then a life it selfe . This hath bene answered by the Fathers ; I will deale so with the world that I may remember God , but a learned father saith , Thou must put in first & more , or els leaue out , I will remember God Deceiue not thy selfe , thou giuest all to the world : God will not onely bee serued , but in his order . Malachie calleth him a great King , and therefore he looketh for the first seruice , and Daniel calleth him the Ancient of dayes , a great Senior , and therefore hee will be serued before his Iuniors , Luc. 17. The seruant that had laboured all day , is not bidden first to eate and drinke , but to serue his maister , and then to take his repast . Contrarie is our practise , as in marriage , wee looke for beautie and riches first , and then after our religion comes in for a corollarie , wee will not be much against it . Ionathan must carry Saules armour , and Mephibosheth must looke to the Arke . We make choise before God : we bestow our first yeeres on our selues , and then the rest wee bestow on God. Those are vaine men which will first seeke the adiectiues , & caetera , then the kingdome of GOD. Augustine saith , if thou wilt needes , thou mayest seeke , but thou shalt neuer finde . I haue heard and knowne amongst vs those , that would make accounts first to be well prouided for , and then they would serue God in their callings , who hauing gotten three hundred , or foure hundred by the yeare , then haue bin further off then they were before . The second reason is , if any man be so foolish , he shall yet be more foolish , he preferreth the shadow of these transitory things before the eternall things : they shal loose both the shadow & the thing it selfe , as Aesops dog did . Augustine saith , they shall haue an ende , either their owne : that is , they shall leaue thee , as Iobs goods did him : or thine , thou shalt leaue them , as the glutton in the Gospel : but that which is worst , whē they shal haue left thee , yet the sinne whereby thou gottest them , shall remaine with thee ▪ Genes . chapt . 4. Sinne sleepeth at the doore , it is quiet all thy life long , but when wee goe out of the doore of this life , it shall compasse about our heeles and our hands , and we shall neuer be rid of it . 10 Knowledge of the word is as necessary an arte for Christians , as the arte of Husbandrie is necessary for Husbandmen . Men can say , they can learne nothing of the Preachers , but to loue GOD aboue all , and our Neighbours as our selues : and as for this lesson , they say they are not now to goe to schoole . But this is as much as if one should say , Husbandrie is an easie thing , and there is nothing to bee learned there , but to Sowe , Plough , and Reape : and yet to set his hand to any of these without knowledge of the trade , he is altogether foolish . Well then , as in this , so in all other Artes we will confesse that we cannot come to the practise of particulars without knowledge of the principles : and yet come to the great Arte of Knowledge , which is the maine profession of all , and needeth most teachers and best schollers ; and wee thinke we can learne that with sitting still , and taking of our case . But there is a knowledge of the worlde , and they that come to be our schoolemaisters to that , they shall bee had in high estimation . Howsoeuer we account of knowledge , the Prophet sayth , that vnder CHRIST our knowledge excelleth the knowledge of the Priestes ; and in Pauls time , the women were so full of vnderstanding , that the Apostle was faine to take order that they should not speake in their open assemblies , where they would needes bee speaking . The holy Ghost , Colos. chap. 3. would not haue the word of God to dwell in vs beggerly , thinnely or strangely , but plentifully : and surely without this knowledge we know nothing to doe as we should doe it . And for this cause in the former age , though the diuell could be content men should be as merciful , and as true dealers , as they would ; because they were guiltie of Ignorance , and wanted knowledge to direct them herein : yet now because knowledge is come , he cares not how vnmerciful and deceitfull men become , nay now he takes away mercie , and truth , and knowledge , and all . The reason is , because we make no more precious account of knowledge ; we can bee content to sitte at home by the fire , rather than to come abroad to heare ; or if the diuell giue vs leaue , and we get so much masterie of the diuell , that we come to the sermon , yet sleepe ourtakes vs , and we are as good as absent ; or else if wee be waking , we goe away before it be done ; or if we tarrie , as soone as we be gone we commit all to forgetfulnesse . And so if with want of knowledge wee be mercifull and true dealers , it is but after our owne braine , and because the Lord hath not planted , the Lord will roote it out . The end of all is , if men will not grow in the knowledge of God his wil , they shal neuer come to the knowledge of God , that is , they shall not knowe God his mercy , God his trueth , glory and blessednesse , neither will he euer know vs. For as without the knowledge of Gods will , there is not , nor shall be any knowledge of God , so if we know not God , God will neuer know vs. 11 When we shal be ioyned to God the Father , the Sonne , and the holy Ghost , then shal we know , as we are knowne , then shall all teares be wiped from our eyes , then shall our infirmities be taken from vs , then shall we dwel with the Angels , and with al the hosts of heauen in most happie blessednesse it selfe . We see now by this chaine , not forged by our own braine , but framed out of Gods word , that hee is indeede blessed whom God chooseth , whom Christ redeemeth , whom the Spirit reneweth , whom faith stayeth , whom the word , Prayer , Sacraments and Discipline buildevp in the Lord , in whom faith breedeth peace , peace sinceritie , sinceritie loue , loue a feare of displeasing , and a care of pleasing God , in whom this care striueth to a mortification in pouertie of minde , this pouertie comming from a mourning heart , possessed in a meeke spirit , and aspiring to true righteousnesse , all these things being ioyned with that sanctification which lamenteth the sins of others , and relieueth the wants of others , knowing to vse prosperity and aduersitie as pledges of Gods fauour : and vndoubtedly looking for the kingdome of heauen in the life to come . If any of these linkes be missing , the chaine is broken , if any of these members be wanting , the body of blessednesse is lame and dismembred . CHAP. XLV . Of Miracles , and how God worketh without and with meanes , and how we ought to attend on the meanes . THe Miracles that were wrought in the Church , were partly in mercie , and partly in iudgement , as in turning Iereboams hand into leprosie , and into cleane flesh againe : but the miracles against Aegypt were onely in iudgement . 2 Signes are giuen to confirme vs in the word , & are not more excellent than it ; if then they draw vs from the word , we must hold them accursed as wel as the false Prophet , Deut. 12. That which Paul speaketh of tongues , 1. Corinth . chap. 14. is true of all miracles , which are signes to beleeuers , which may teach vs not to desire them : for if we beleeue not . Moses and the Prophets , neither would we beleeue if miracles were brought from heauen . So is it in the Sacramēts , which are ordained to nourish that faith which is ingendred in vs by the word , and therefore must not bee separated from the word , nor esteemed aboue the word . For we shall then profite truely by Baptisme , when we , in and by the word , shall beleeue the washing away of sinne , and get power to mortifie sinne daily within vs : and then shal we profit by the Lords Supper , when we beleeue all the promises of our Redemption , wrought by Iesus Christ , and shall be vnited into his body daily more and more by the word . 3 Pharaoh did aske a signe , not for any purpose to yeeld thereunto , but if they could not doe any , he might haue the greater aduantage against Moses and the people . So the Scribes and Pharisies aske a signe of Christ , to whom he answered , the adulterous generation seeketh a signe : So many in these daies aske proofe of many things in religion , not that they minde to yeeld thereto , but if they cannot haue such proofe , as will stop their mouthes , they may more quietly continue in their error . We must learne to leaue this kinde of questioning , which is seldome graunted for good , & let vs so frame our requests , as that they may be reuerent , and we may haue a desire to rest in that which is graunted . 4 A wonder may moue vs for a time , but commonly it lasteth at the most , but for nine daies : and we shall neuer gather any fruite thereby , except it doth prepare vs to profite more effectually by the word . 5 Some think that the miraculous Manna was not so straunge , because it is to be found in these daies in other countries . I answere , not of that colour , not of that propertie : Therefore this was a miracle , as may appeare by these reasons following . First , because it was neuer seene before , and then came at Gods commaundement . Secondly , because neither raine nor faire weather did let it . Thirdly , because as soone as they came to the borders of the promised Land it ceased . Fourthly , because if it were kept till the morning it stanke , but on the Sabbath day it continued sweet , albeit gathered the day before . Againe , when it was reserued in the Arke , it putrified not . Fiftly , because it followed the Israelites , whither soeuer they went. Sixtly , because it fell in such abundance , as that it sustained so great a multitude . 6 At what time the Lord first sent Manna , the children of Israel being rauished with the loue of it , called it Manna , that is meate prepared of the Lord : & herein they acknowledged the goodnesse of the Lord. This Manna is first commended for the colour , it was as white as the precious stone called Bdellium . Secondly , for the taste , tasting like fresh oyle , Numb . 11. 7. Thirdly , for that it was Angels foode , or meate prepared by Angels . Psalm . 98. And yet for all this , when the people had beene accustomed to it , they loathed it , and set light by it , wherefore their sinne was the greater : The reason of it may be this . This Manna was giuen them , not onely to be foode for their bodies , but also to be a token vnto them , that seeing the Lord fedde them from heauen , they were not to settle themselues on the earth , but to looke for their inheritance in Heauen . So many therefore as did rest in the bodily foode , not respecting the thing spiritually signified by it , they were soone weary of it . So is it also with vs , for albeit all the blessings of God be very deare vnto vs , and of a great price at the first receiuing of them , yet when they are common , the best blessings are lightly regarded . If it be so in earthly things , which are agreeable to our nature , how much more will it be in spirituall things , which are so contrarie to our nature . And hereby the great corruption of mans heart is discouered , which will not be moued but with noueltie . As for example , the sunne if it were but seldome seene , how glorious a creature would it be accoūted , but because we haue the daily vse of it , therfore very few of vs regard it . Nay , the word of God which is his arme to draw vs to saluation , when it hath beene a little while among vs , it is a thing smally esteemed ; wheras cōtrariwise in those places , where it is newly recouered , they flocke together farre and neare ; and will make it their talke and songes , and whole delights . The like reason is of the Sacraments , & other blessings of God , which while men doe vse of fashion and custome , or else doe rest in the outward thing , not looking into them , nor beholding the spirituall grace offered by them , it cannot be but that they must needs fall into a superstitious abuse of them , or else despise and loath them . 7 Our Sauiour Christ giueth two notable titles and commendations to the exercises of the Church , Matthew chapter 7. verse 6. he calleth them , holy , and precious . First for holines , we know there is no sound holines , but in the Lord , or of the Lord , and therefore it was said , holines to the Lord ; it was the inscription of Aarons miter . And it is said in the Gospell , that none is good but God , that is , none is essentially good but God : the word , the Angels & so forth , are holy , but in respect rather of some thing receiued than of their own nature ; and so the word is holy after a double manner , either for that it commeth from God , who is perfitly holy , and it is of the nature of him ; or else for that by it we receiue holines and are made holy . For the first it is sure , that the law-giuer doth alwaies impart to the lawe something of his owne nature , and therefore among the heathen , looke what kind of men set downe the lawes , the law had a smacke of their disposition . Solon a very moderate man , his lawes were very moderate , and tasted much that way . Draco his lawes were seuere like to himselfe , and therefore they were said to be written with blood : So are the Lord his ordinances , they comming from the holiest of all , carie frō him in them a sensible rellish of holines , and are vnited to the nature of God. And as the law commeth from one holy , and so teacheth holy things , likewise cōmeth holines into our hearts by applying them therevnto , our hearts of themselues not being holy ; and so the law hauing a qualitie of God himselfe , it hath it not for it selfe alone , but for vs. In this respect as the law is liuely , so it is a quickning law making aliue ; as the word is wise , so it maketh wise ; as it is holy , so it is a sanctifying law making vs wise . For preciousnes the Scriptures sticke not and cease not to set a price of the word , as Psalme 19. and 119. Dauid compares it to spoiles , a thing full of precious things , wherein are things of great price . And yet for that in spoiles are things of all value , some more , some lesse precious , after he compares it to gold , then to fined gold , afterward to much fined gold , yea to thousands of gold and siluer : and not contenting himselfe he ioyneth to gold , precious stones ; and least yet he might say too little , he compares it to all manner of riches . The reason hereof is this , that for as much as the soule of a man euen of him that perisheth , is precious , and the soule of euery good man more precious ; then the soule of the holiest , Christ Iesus is most precious . Now for as much as the Gospell hath it foundation in opening of the signe of the blood of Christ : therefore the Gospell in a singular degree of excellencie must needs be most precious . 7 When some penitent sinners are executed for theft , we see they are more grieued fo● whoredome , than for theft , because it brought them to theft , but most of all they sorrow for neglect of the word , which hath made them most loose in al their life . Seeing then this is warranted by the experience of our times , let vs take heed we neglect it not , but see the want and neglect of these meanes to be the cause of other sinnes ; but if we will not doe this , the Lord will punish sinne by sinne , which is most feareful : for this is the only meanes to keepe vs from sinne , to heare the word , pray , giue thankes , heare admonitions , receiue the sacraments , with reuerence and in truth . As these meanes doe keepe vs from sinnes , so do they recouer vs from them when we are fallen thereinto , as when great trouble is vpon vs , pouertie , disquietnes : & against these the word of God doth giue a remedie , teaching vs , that as it came by Gods prouidence , so he must take it away , contrarie to the familie of loue , who denying the prouidēce of God attribute it to outward causes . Example of a man which sayd his sicknes came by Gods visitation , they replyed vnto him , did you not take cold ? he answered , that is but a meanes to serue his prouidence , so the familie left him . For we take cold often , and yet are not sicke , because the Lord hath all things in his hand , to dispose at his pleasure , and then shall we rest in this , when we are certainely perswaded of this doctrine . Psalme 32. The Prophet saith , that before he acknowledged his sinne , moysture was turned into drought , but when he confessed , his punishment was taken away ; so Iob. 33. when men wil not profite by his word , then the Lord wil seale this former doctrine by a correction , which if we profite not by , it will lie so long on a man , that his bones shall sticke out : being in this case , if the Lord reueale him this , he shal be restored to his former state . It is plaine , that the cause of these corrections is the neglect of the instruction of God in his word , which if we would throughly giue ouer our selues vnto , we might be sure that no presumptuous sinne should preuaile against vs. But if we esteeme not the word of God , or receiue it so as that we profit not by it , then let vs not maruaile though the Lord doe visite vs , and that in great mercy too , if we can be brought so highly to esteeme of the word and of prayer , as of nothing more . CHAP. XLVI . Of Magistracie or Gouernment . AFter that Iethro , Exod. 18. 21. had tolde Moses a better course in the gouernment of the people , hee describeth what manner of men they should bee : and to the properties which are there set downe , there may be added three in the first of Deuteron . vers . 13. First then , Magistrates must bee wise : that is , skilfull in all those causes which shall come before them , otherwise , if they be not men of knowledge , they be not fitte for that place . Yea , though they bee well minded , and willing to doe good ; yet if they haue not knowledge of those things which they must deale in , it is not sufficient . For as in handicraft matters a good man is not straightway a good Artificer : So , and much more is it in this waightie calling . 2 Secondly , it is required that they bee endued with prudence or experience , for Sapientia and Prudentia doe thus differ : that the former is the generall comprehension of knowledge of things : the latter is the experience of that knowledge in particular actions . Experience in other things doth shewe how necessarie this propertie is . For wee see in Physicke and other Artes , manie by much reading to haue obtained singular knowledge ; so that they thinke with themselues they could doe great matters , yet when they come to haue the vse of their knowledge in some particular maiters , they are oftentimes behinde hand , and their knowledge for want of experience doth soone faile them ; the reason hereof is this , by reading they get the knowledge of generall rules , which when they are applied to particular cases are altered by circumstances , and manie exceptions may be made against them . So that in all Artes and Sciences this is generally holden , that so much is thorowly and soundly knowne , as is knowne by experience . It is necessray therefore that a Magistrate bee not onely a man of knowledge , but also that hee be well experienced in the matters that be incident to his calling . 3 The third propertie necessarie for a Magistrate is , that hee bee of a good heart and courage . For although hee bee able for his knowledge and experience to deale in anie matter , yet if hee haue not a couragious heart to goe about them , the others will little profite him . And if wee consider with whome hee shall deale , and in what matters , how hee is subiect to the rebukes of those that are aboue him , to the hatred of his inferiours , and to the euill speeches of all , then wee shall easilie see how needefull it is for him to haue courage , that hee may proceede in his calling , and with nothing be discouraged . 4 It is fourthly required , that they bee such as feare the Lorde . By this feare of GOD they shall both examine their courage whether it bee good ▪ and also they shall moderate and rule it by the same feare . For as courage when it once passeth the bounds of knowledge and experience , doth oftentimes prooue to be but a heady rash boldnesse ; So likewise , if it bee not seasoned with the feare of GOD , it doth often ende in oppression . This feare of GOD , with whomsoeuer it preuaileth , doth cause them to abstaine from doing of wrong to anie , as Ioseph reasoneth with his brethren ; I feare God , therefore I will not doe you wrong : as contrariwise , wheresoeuer it is not truly planted , no sinne so great , nor no wickednesse so grieuous , which men for their pleasure sake will not easily bee brought to commit : as Abraham , Genesis , ●0 answereth Abimelech . Therefore must Magistrates euermore set the feare of God before their face , as Iob , chapt . 31. doth witnesse , that hee himselfe did , that thereby they may both make a conscience in doing Iustice , and also be kept from doing wrong . 5 Fiftly , it is needfull that they bee true dealing men : this true dealing hath first respect to the M●g●●rates themselues , that whatsoeuer they spe 〈…〉 , and what they promise , they be carefull to performe , and that 〈…〉 they thinke . This simple and vpright dealing doth pur●●a●e 〈…〉 re vnto a Magistrate . Secondly , it hath respect to the case that they 〈…〉 to 〈…〉 that they take pa●●es to search out the truth thereof , and giue righteous 〈…〉 r●quireth . For as the Lord iudgeth according to right , so ought they 〈…〉 re his Ministers . Therefore they must not further the euill cause of a good ●●● though otherwise he be good ; neither must they hinder the good cause of any man , th●●●gh otherwise he be euill : they ought not to be carelesse of a stranger , because he is a stranger , neither must they goe busily about the euill cause of their friend or neighbour , because he is their neighbour or their friend . To conclude , they must neither behold the perso● of the rich nor of the poore to peruert iudgement for their cause , but giue true iudgement without respect of person . 6 Sixtly , they must be haters of filthie gaine . Couetousnesse is the mother of appression and extortion , which doe differ in this , that oppression hath the colour of ●●●● and law , and extortion is when man getteth by hooke or by crooke and careth not how , so he may haue it : but these two are not onely here forbidden , but euen the lou● of ●●●e ; and rewards , which are of such nature , that they will blinde the eyes of the prudent , and sloppe the eares of the righteous . Yet is it not altogether vnlawfull to giue gifts and rewards , for Salomon saith , that a gift in the bosome pacifieth much strife , and if it be ●●●●ly bestowed , it prospereth whithersoeuer it turneth . Againe , Mordee●y and H●sters●east ●east is mentioned with this commendation , that they sent gifts euery man to his neighbour : but when they are giuen with corrupted purposes , or receiued to peruert right , then are they of all men to be abhorred , but specially of Magistrates . 7 The seuenth and last propertie of a good Magistrate is , that he be well knowne to all men : and this hath respect to all those that went before ; he must be knowne then to be endued with wisedome and experience , to be of a valiant and couragious heart , to haue the feare of God before his eyes , to be vpright in his dealing , and a hater of filthie gaine . So Paul would haue the Ministers to haue a good report euen of those that are without . And surely it is great reason that they should be well knowne , or else they shall hardly haue any credit with vs. For the weakenesse & corruption of our nature is such , that when he who is not well knowne vnto vs shall speake as sound a truth , and deliuer it peraduenture more plainely ; yet doth not his word beare so much cred●t with vs as another whom we know , and haue some experience of . For our natures do for the most part suspect strangers , and we are loth to commit our selues and our matters to them we know not . Wherefore to the end that Magistrates may beare credit among vs , it is very meete that they should be well knowne and their gifts also . 8 This doctrine must teach vs first to consider what calling the Lord hath in mercy placed vs in , and whether we haue gifts answerable to our callings , that we may thereby be brought to pray vnto the Lord that he would giue vs that which we haue not , and increase that which we haue , and euermore supplie that which is wanting . Secondly , it serueth to teach vs to giue due honour to those in whom we see the true properties of Magistrates to be , and to acknowledge their lawfull calling . Thirdly , that in all our elections we make choise of such Magistrates as are endued with these properties . Fourthly , that we may pray that such Magistrates may be profitable where they are , and that the Lord would giue them to such places as haue them not . And last of al , that the Lord in mercy would vouchsafe to giue these properties to all Magistrates , which now are set ouer his people , and to furnish them plenteously therewith . 9 When the Lord gaue the Israelites water in Rephidim , he named the place after their sinne Mossa , and not after the miracle that he wrought , that they might both see his mercy , and be also put in minde of their sinne . And this ought Magistrates to doe in punishing sinne . The Lord had often before forgiuen them , and now when they had sinned most grieuously he punished them , so as they might still perceiue his mercie . So ought the Magistrate to rebuke the people for their sinne , and let them know it , yet so as they mingle mercy and loue with iustice . And this ought to be also in the discipline of the Church , all meanes must be vsed , and al kindnesse shewed , so that the fault be reproued , before we come to the last meanes of excommunication . 10 As euerie one is higher in degree , so ought hee to shewe a greater measure of faith . 11 Ioseph saith , God made him a father vnto Pharaoh , that is , a Ruler : for so it is after expounded , and ruler of all his land . So Eliakim the Ruler of the people is called a Father , because he should not haue such a care for himself , as Shobna had , who neglected the people , and hewed out sepulchers for himselfe , but should specially seeke for the glorie of God , and the safetie of the people : and so did Ioseph winne the hearts of the Aegyptians by his curteous dealing : hee went not about to prouide any thing for his children after him . By this wee are taught what manner of men our Magistrates should bee : for if they haue a speciall loue to their countrey , selfe-loue will bee decreased : but if they bee giuen to heape vp for themselues and their posteritie , the loue of their countrey will be quickly shaken off . And this is to moue vs to pray for our Magistrates , and also in our selues to bee profitable to others so much as in vs lieth : for we are not borne ( as the very Heathen confesse ) to our selues , but for the benefit of others also . The want therefore of the feeling of this , may serue vs for a triall of our religion and godlinesse . 12 The Lord often doth vs much good when wee see it not , hee giueth vs many benefites and blessings by his Ministers and Magistrates which wee perceiue not , yet this is a punishment when wee cannot see the meanes whereby the Lord doth vs good : and therefore wee must take heede to this , for when the case is thus , it is dangerous . 13 This is to bee noted generally in Christianitie : it is a small matter to receiue religion , when plentie of all things doe come with it . And so in particular callings wee see : who would not be a Magistrate or Minister , so long as he may be in credit , and haue all obedience yeelded to him without trouble ? But if contempt come with affliction , how fewe be there that will stand and abide in their callings , to giue God the glorie in looking for that issue which he thinketh good ? Who would not be a married man , if all his life might be as the mariage day ? but when a man is married , hee must prouide for his wife and children , yet with heede that hee doe nothing with an euill conscience for them . Againe , for that a man must forbeare the manifold infirmities of his wife , and ouercome them with wisedome : how few are there that will continue in mariage , giuing God the glorie ? So is it in the Magistracie and Ministerie . 14 Exod. chap. 16. 27. 28. it is written , that there went out some of the people to gather Manna , but found none : whereupon it is said , that the Lord reprooued Moses in these words : The Lord saide to Moses , How long refuse ye to keepe my commandements ? Moses had not prophaned this Sabbath , but the people , and not all but some : yet the Lord rebuketh Moses , because this people were committed to his charge . Thus wee see what waightie accounts the Lord will require at their hands , who haue the ouersight of others , they must giue an account for them . Againe , inferiours must be often admonished , not to despise the gouernement and instructions of such as the Lord hath set oner them , but willingly receiue them , and carefully follow them . If any be so carelesse , that he respecteth not his owne health and welfare , yet let this moue him to some further consideration of his doings , that by his negligence hee puts other in danger , and is hurtfull to those that are set ouer him . This the Apostle Paul also willeth the Corinthians wisely to consider , 2. Cor. chap. 12. verse 21. CHAP. XLVII . Of Matrimonie , and of the duties which belong to that state . GReat dangers follow them which ioyne in affinitie with sinners , as wee see in Ieboshaphat for ioyning himselfe with Achabs house , 2. Chron. chap. 17. 2 It is an holy token of an holy vnitie betweene man and wife , and that they be married in the Spirit and not in the flesh , when their affections agree in good things . 3 Iethro in marrying his daughter to Moses had no respect to worldly preferments , which he saw Moses wanted , but onely to the rare vertues which hee saw in him : This ought wee to obserue in these times , first to make such a choise for our daughter of such a one as may bee a speciall guide and helper for her to the kingdome of heauen , and then to take other things if they come , but not to seeke them : God blessed this act of Iethro , for he had the worthiest man then liuing . And Moses had a great blessing to haue such a wife , as was brought vp in labour , that so shee might the better suffer with him in aduersitie , and prouide for her selfe in state of necessitie . This respect men ought to haue in marriage , least taking such as haue been brought vp delicately , they shall not be able to beare the crosse when it commeth . 4 It is most like , by the words of Zipporah , Exodus 4. 26. Thou art indeede a bloody husband vnto mee : that Moses to please his wife did omit the Sacrament of Circumcision . This may teach vs that wee are to honour our wiues , albeit the weaker vessels , because they be heires of the same grace with vs , and must keepe loue & peace in outward things so we at no hand in matters of religion must yeeld vnto them , least we honour them more than God , and so wee shall cause a punishment to fall vpon them and our selues . It was the cause of many troubles in Iacobs familie , to loue Rachel more than Lea. But Dauid and Iob did wisely in withstanding their wiues when they sought to withdrawe their mindes from performing dutie vnto God. 5 When the Lord makes any one man more excellent than another for gifts outward or inward , he trieth him whether he wil seeke Gods glorie , and the profit of his brethren : which fruites if they insue not , then thus doth the Lord let him see , that this is his corruption which he must labour against . For example : doth the Lord giue thee wife , riches , or any such benefits ? hee doth it to make thee more fitte to serue . So then , hath the Lord , giuen thee a wife ? Looke to her , as the Lord hath committed his owne creature to thee , so thou be fit to be a guide vnto her , going before her in al honestie and godlines . Againe , he doth trie thee whether thou wilt rest in her loue , and whether thou wilt vse her companie soberly , not effeminately : he trieth thee whether thou wilt be couetous to care for earthly things in her behalfe . But these and the like fruites , the Lord doth shew thee the corruption which thou must labour against . 6 The Lord gaue Adam a wifeto trie him withall , and if he had not yeelded too much vnto her in the time of temptation , no doubt hee might haue beene a great helpe that she might haue been recouered , and neither of them both haue so fallen . For had not he yeelded vnto her hee might haue continued still in her innocencie . Thus then the Lord tried Adam , whether hee would continue in his obedience or no : likewise doth the Lord at all times trie men in marriage whether they will continue in his obedience , and labour to win their wiues also to the faith of Christ. So in like manner the Lord tries the wiues whether they will be in all things subiect to their husbands , as Sarah . For what gifts soeuer a woman hath , yet not being subiect to her busband , they are nothing . For euen in mans innocencie she was subiect , and after the fall it was laid on her as a punishment : so that if shee be not obedient she cannot be saued . Yet the Lord other whiles also trieth whether shee 〈…〉 er sobrietie and wisedome will as it were breake the crookednesse of her husband : 〈…〉 the Apostle teacheth , that the wiues must adorne the hidden men of the heart , that 〈…〉 husbands ( albeit then not conuerted to the faith ) might bee wonne by the honest 〈…〉 ersation of their wiue● : how much the more then ought those who haue Christians 〈…〉 eir husbands , by their meanes bring them forward what they may ▪ in the profession 〈…〉 ue godlinesse ? But if they bee disobedient , and will requite euill with euill , or with 〈…〉 e , they doe what in them lieth , to ouerthrow the faith of their husbands . And thus 〈…〉 Lord trieth wiues also , whether they will continue in his obedience . Againe , hee trieth 〈…〉 whether they will rest in the loue of their husbands onely , and bee contented there 〈…〉 ▪ yea when they see their husbands hearts turned from them : for if they will but onely 〈…〉 when they are beloued , they declare that they onely loue themselues and not their 〈…〉 nds : for they ou●ht thus to consider , the Lord hath turned my husbands hart from 〈…〉 because I yeelded not to him that dutie which I ought , therefore I will not hold on to 〈…〉 se still , but now I will rather loue him more , to see if the Lord will by these meanes 〈…〉 his heart againe . 7 When Zipporah became troublesome to Mose● in his calling , he left her with his fa 〈…〉 for a time : so she depriued her selfe , by her disobedience , of his comfortable presence ▪ 〈…〉 ought to teach wiues euer to helpe , & not to hinder their husbands in the Lords af 〈…〉 . And like as that holy man of God receiued his wife againe at his returne , notwith 〈…〉 ding all her former faults : so must all the sonnes of God , i● there be any separation for 〈…〉 e and for iust causes , receiue , and entertaine , and retaine their wiues againe . 8 Husbands must haue a fatherly care , as principally of the saluation of his wife , so al 〈…〉 her good health and welfare in this life : and to this end giue her all the good instru 〈…〉 and direction that hee can . This lesson may well be giuen to all : Be m●st moderate in 〈…〉 things which thine appetite liketh best , and checke thy too much greedinesse of an earthly 〈…〉 ▪ and thou shalt finde this to bee good physicke for the body , and a wholesome pre 〈…〉 iue for the soule . 9 A certaine yong man hauing without consent of friends made a contract , hee would 〈…〉 marrie them , vntill before honest witnesses they had faithfully cōditioned that in time 〈…〉 mariage they would confesse their fault against the glory of God , their superiours , and 〈…〉 who le Church , which should bee done at that time that the father is wont to giue the 〈…〉 gin in mariage . 10 A young man hauing ouer slipped in loue , and intended to marrie without consent 〈…〉 gouerours , hee did not contract him , but admonished him : and at the day of mariage 〈…〉 vsed to the parties to be married this discipline : First , as they had priuately confessed 〈…〉 faults to their gouernours especially offended : and craued pardon : so he caused them 〈…〉 confesse their fault to the Church , and to aske forgiuenes , desiring all to beware of the 〈…〉 offence , and requesting their prayers for them , that this sinne may so humble them , 〈…〉 they may more warily walke without offence the residue of their life . CHAP. XLVIII . Of the Ministerie . ALthough the Lord hath promised a speciall blessing to the publike ministerie of his word , yet we must not tie wisedome to one ordinarie meane , either of beginning or increasing of our faith : but if any at any time shall haue more effectuall feelings by ●riuate conference , let him not contemne nor neglect the publike ministerie , but with all ●oly and humble thankfulnes yeeld this souerag●●tie to the Lord , that he is to dispose his ●fts , when , to whom , and where it pleaseth him . 2 They that teach not themselues , are vnfit to teach others : and the cause why men profit not in the word is , because they pray not to haue their hearts stricken therewith . 3 In all essentiall points of the Ministerie , we must in no case follow man : but in accidentall circumstances Christian loue suffereth many thinges , so that on the on side wee tolerate not too much , and on the other side suffer too little . 4 Like as if we moderately streine a womans breast , there will issue pure and holesome milke , and by violent wringing of it , wee prouoke blood also , and vnholesome matter to come forth : euen so in our modest and naturall applying of the word wee yeeld the holesome and pure milke of Gods word , but in our immoderate wresting of it wee straine out our owne corruptions , and deliuer vnpure doctrine . 5 When neither Ministers rebuke sinne , nor Magistrates punish it , there it cryeth to heauen that God might punish it . Woe then be to them who thinke themselues at good quiet , when their sinnes crie out for vengeance in heauen , albeit they liue in great peace on earth . 6 It is a feareful thing to lose the companie of the godly . And though the world think they are at good quiet , yet when Noah and Lot that rebuked their sins are departed , then are men most fit for Gods iudgements to fall vpon them . 7 Where a people hartily desire by prayer the ministerie of Gods word , the Lord will send them faithfull ones , and will multiplie his graces in them : but because people are so full of carnall securitie , the Lord sends them such as either for abilitie cannot , or for affection will not deliuer the word of God vnto them . 8 The Ministers of God are more discouraged by the disobedience of their owne people , than by the maliciousnesse of their enemies , be they neuer so mighty . But let Gods ministers know , that they must euer haue some to refuse thē ▪ but let euery child of God take heed ; that he offend not his godly Minister : and if he hath offended , let him with submission seeke to please him : for as Paul saith , If I be sory who can make me glad , but those by whom I haue been made forte ? And let the Minister of the Lord remember , that the fruits of his labours amongst the people , be as it were the life and crowne of his ministerie : so Paul teacheth also in his owne example : I doe liue , if Christ doe liue in you . 9 The Israelites murmured against the Lord , though they seemed to repine but against Moses and Aaron . Christ saith , He that heareth you , heareth me , &c. So lōg as the Ministers of God trust not in themselues , nor doe any thing of themselues , but that wherunto they are called and ordained : if they be resisted , the Lord in them is resisted ; and if we refuse such , wee refuse the Lord , 2. Sam. 12. But when they be not ordained of God , nor bring not the word of God with them , then the curse cause lesse shall not fall . But if we be assured of their calling , or perswaded of their doctrine : or if doubting and searching by the Scriptures we finde it true , then if we obey not , the Lord is highly dishonoured . 10 It is necessarie that the Minister of God doe very sharply rebuke the people for their sinnes , and that he lay before them Gods grieuous iudgements against sinners : for so the Apostle commandeth : Rebuke them sharply , that they may be sound in the faith . And again , it is needfull for the people that they haue their cōsciences touched , and their hearts made knowne vnto them , that so they may come out of their sinnes , and preuent the heauie iudgement of God. 11 The Israelites were sometime at their wits end , and therefore could not pray : so that they had a singular blessing to haue Moses to pray for them . So had Lot when Abraham prayed for him : So had the Israelites when Samuel , Phineas , and Elias were ready to pray for them . This must teach vs to set much by Gods seruāts among vs , which pray for vs , and not to haue them in small account . Eccl. saith , The godly in prosperitie is not regarded , but in aduersitie they are sought vnto . And indeed they are our chiefest helpe , as is said of Elias , that he was the chariots & horses of Israel : & this is not onely profitable for whole countries , but for euery particular man , that when he cānot pray , but hath ( as it were ) his heart & tongue fast looked vp , yet then Gods seruants doe pray for them , that after they may pray themselues . Wherefore let vs euer be readie to pray for others , though they be wicked , and haue done no dutie to vs , yet it is Gods grace that we stand , that we might reach a hād to them ; and though they haue reiected vs , and deale euill with vs , yet let vs doe our dutie vnto them , as Moses did for this people , though they were ready to stone him ; and so did Samuel pray for the people which had reiected him ; so that nothing must cause vs to leaue our duties to them , but euer labour to haue our harts vpright with God , whereof this is a good note , if we can pray for others though they haue wronged vs. And that we may do this , we must set the glory of God before our eyes , which will teach vs not only to loue & do good vnto them which loue vs ( for so do the harlots ) but euen to help them that hate vs. Therefore when the Lord will haue a punishment brought vpon vs , then will hee take the godly frō vs , as he tooke Lot from Sodom . And therefore in such cases we haue to feare dangers . 12 With what prouision the mightie of the world build their castles , and with what consultations the Kings of the Nations proclaime warres ; with the same prouision , & with the same consultation , and with no lesse , should we take the calling of the Ministerie vpon vs , which is a masonrie , and a warfare both at one time , as master Beza well noteth , Ephes. 6. 2. continually like the builders vnder Nehemiah , holding the trowell in one hand , and the sword in the other : The ground-worke hereof , flesh and blood hath taught vs , and set it downe for a corner stone in all serious consultations , that whatsoeuer is , must be set downe once for all , euen for all the life long , neuer to be called backe againe ; That same had need be well breathed vpon , and be long in setting downe . And this is not onely heathen wisedome , but Salomons wisdome , a man filled with vnderstanding , euen one of his Aphorisms , Prou. 25. Prepare thy worke without , and make readie all things in the fielde , & . But behold a greater then Salomon . Luc. 14. before whom all heathens wisedome , all mans wisedome is foolishnes , yea brutishnes , euen Christ Iesus the only wise God , who not in generalitie , but in this particular case of the ministerie streightly chargeth and commaundeth vs , that not the best of vs all be so hardie , as to lift vp an Axe , or to stretch a line ouer his building before we haue been at Ephrata , and in the woods , to see that our prouision be great enough , before wee haue set downe , and as it were ( kept straight Audite with our selues ) and cast all our Reckonings ouer againe , and bee sure wee haue sufficient to lay the last stone , as wee lay the first . If we doe not thus , charges will arise more then wee thinke , and we shall not be able to holde out to the ende . And if wee be not , why then all that behold vs , all the world , all the Angels in heauen , CHRIST himselfe , shall laugh vs to scorne , Christ himselfe shall haue vs in derision , this fellow must needes be building , &c. Oh it goeth sore when CHRIST , whose Face was wrinckled with weeping , and the shadow of death was on his Eyes for our sinnes : when that Christ who in the dayes of his flesh offered supplications with strong crying and teares , Heb. 5 ▪ When that Christ , who in the bitternes of his soule lifted vp his voyce ouer Ierusalem , and cried : Oh if thou ha●st but knowne at the least in this day , what belonged vnto thy peace : and so was saine to lift vp the rest of the Sentence with teares , as it was , and as not being able to speake on for weeping , the teares comming downe so fast , that they interrupted his speeches , and made them vnperfit ; When thou CHRIST shalt laugh at our perishing , and take delight at our destruction . Yet this will hee doe , and more also , if wee shall be colde or carelesse in this businesse . And therefore sift your selues narrowly , yee that purpose this worke , gage the bottome of your thoughts , and be sure that it is the Shepheards voyce that calleth you in , be sure that your giftes are answerable . For hee that bringeth to this building , either vntempered morter , or vnskilfull hands , building hee shall build , and a tower hee shall build ; but not Sion , but like the tower of Shilo , Luc. 8. to fall downe vpon him , and to crush him to peeces , and all to fitters . This may finde vs matter to thinke of , when we are alone , and may strike vs into cogitations , knowing , that our nature is blinde , and beleeueth easily her owne fancie ; and thinketh her selfe called , when shee is not , least happily wee should not be carefull or fearefull enough , and so become guiltie of contempt of this great commandement , which is the highest treason against the eternall GOD , and a matter of most fearfull condemnation . Our Sauiour CHRIST in his sermons and speeches , besides his sharpe exordiums ▪ claspeth vp manie things with his Selah , and with his vehementepiphonema , which he vseth neuer to set to ( marke it when yee will ) but in matters of great charge , and in such savings of his , as he would haue to pearce and diuide betweene the ioynts and the marrow : Hee that hath Eares to heare , let him heare . In effect , it is thus much , hee that planted the eare , hee planted it for himselfe , and for his owne sayings planted hee it , he it is that speaketh , shall not he haue audience ? Euen the Lord it is that speaketh , shall hee speake to the winde ? God forbid . Our eares are not ours , none of our members are ours ▪ his they are , euen CHRISTS , hee hath bought them at an high price , and from him wee haue them and we haue them for none other ende , no● by no other condition , but that we should heare , when , and what hee would haue vs to heare . And let him be Anathema , that suffereth any of his sayings to fall to the ground . Put Anathema , Ma●anath● . to him and his eares , that shall not regarde his saying . This sealed saying and two edged exhortation , which Luc. 14. he vseth to teach the foundation of the Ministerte , which is the foundation of the Church of God , which is the foundation of the whole world . And those marke well , if there be anie among you that hath eares , and is willing to employ them well , here hee may doe it . This is a faithfull saying , and of all most worthie to be remembred : and therefore he that hath eares to heare any thing , let him heare this . And hee that heareth it not , or heareth it with no regard , the dayes shall come when his eares shall make his heart ake , and when for not hearing this hee shall heare another sentence , a glowming fearefull sentence , such a one as who so heareth it , both his eares shall tingle . Zachar 7. Because I cryed and you would not heare , you shall crie another while , and I will not heare you for euer . And therefore hearken vnto me , that God may hearken vnto you , Iud. 9. Hee that hath eares to heare , let him heare . When such fresh and well fenced exhortations come , we must make this vse of them , that the holy Ghost is not wont to make a beame of a mo●e , hee talketh of mint and annis , as of mint and annis , hee vseth not so much as a figure , but where the matter deserueth tenne . And therefore when the holie Ghost falleth to amplifie , wee are to thinke there is some great matter no doubt , and there is more in it then we take : and if no speech of his bee idle or emptie , we are surely to thinke , that his epiphonemacs least of all are so , and that they especially are , Yea and Amen . And therefore seeing such a thing is no ex●tericall matter , but an acromaticall poynt of doctrine of the holy Ghost , seeing hee altereth his vsuall kinde of speaking , we can doe no lesse , than alter our vsuall manner of hearing , and prepare both eares and hearts , and all the powers of the minde to entertaine it . Besides , when our Sauiour Christ waketh vs with this watch word , it must teach vs , that wee are wonderous dull of hearing , else why should Christ call on thee to heare which came forth to no other ende but to heare him ? or why should God in another place bid Es●y lift vp his voyce like a trumpet ? Would not a softer sound serue ? But as I saide , wee are dull and that so dull , that when the Prophet crieth to the Altar , 1. King. 5 Oh Altar , Altar , heare the word of the Lord , the Altar heard and cleaueth in sunder : but when hee cried to deroboam he heard not . The very stone heard , that had no eares to heares and one that had eares heard not . Thirdly , this vse wee must make of it , that this hearing must goe further then the eare , and that wee must not heare the word , as we doe a matter of course , or talke of a strange countrey without any affection or longing to it , it must goe further than they can . For well I wo●e , that you can heare me , and I doubt not , but that they then heard him , and Ieroboam heard the Prophet , but as Iob saith , with the hearing of the crie . But it is not that hearing , which is better then the fat of rammes , it is not that hearing that the Lord ●●keth pleasure in . Els how commeth that strange phrase , Ezech. 2. Let him that heareth heare ? But as there is a speaking to the heart , so there must be a hearing of the heart also , and then wee heare with our heart , when wee fetch vp our heart to our eares , and our sounde pearceth them both : then wee heare with the heart , when we heare not onely with these hollow gristies , but we heare with the Spirit , and wee heare with the vnderstanding also : and then wee heare with the heart ( sayth Augustine ) when it is with vs and with the Worde , as it is with the Fish and the bayte , if shee take , shee is taken . So , if we take the Word , wee shall be taken , and if it be taken of vs , it taketh vs. God his Word when it is taken , taketh againe , and if wee feele not our selues taken by it , let vs not dreame to our selues , wee haue not it , we haue not heard it as we should doe . And take this for a signe after the Sermon ended , wee that are present , shall returne to our businesse and chambers , know it assuredly , and thinke of it alone , when you are by your selues , that the Word spoken now hath entred into you , if it so hath wrought in you , and so make you to bethinke your selues , that yee make as it were a new sermon to your selues ▪ when y●● be alone , the Lord hath blessed you , and you haue done well . If it hath done you no good , and it hath been heard without feeling , as though you cared not greatly for it , it hath detected your corruption , and accuseth your owne consciences , your hearing is turned into sinne , and this shall serue to fill vp your enditement , and to make your condemnation more ●ust against the day of the Lord. For let no man euer thinke , but that euery time he heareth the word , it worketh in him either to better or worse , there is no qualifying of it , there is no altering of it . Enter it will , be thine eares neuer so vncircumcised , it will surely enter , and one way it will be effectuall , and thou shalt depart from it either a more reuerent esteemer , or a more desperate contemner than thou camest . For this word shal neuer goe forth in vaine , but the worke , that is appointed for it to doe , it will assuredly bring to passe . Seeing that we haue such dul eares , let vs pray heartily that it may please the Lord , to say eppathah to our eares , and hearts , that the word may haue easie passage into them . And this graue admonition , I trust will moue vs , if wee haue not set a double locke to our eares , and quenched the grace of God already in vs. 14 The dealing with an allegorie as it is ridiculous if it bee too farre pursued , as many doe , who , when they haue gotten an allegorie by the end , ring it so deepe , that oftentimes they turne the clapper : so it is dangerous , if it be not warily handled , insomuch that euen the Fathers themselues , as hee that readeth them , shall marke , by pressing them too hard , doe oft times giue blood in stead of milke . CHAP. XLIX . Of the Ministerie . IT is to bee feared , that the price of the Ministerie will daily decay and fall lesse and lesse : well , how base soeuer it ●eemeth in the eyes of men , how low soeuer the world account it , when it is at the lowest , it is good , and I protest good enough for any , and too good for some . But it is dangerous with all ( which cōmeth oft to passe , too oft , if it pleased God ) if it chance ( I say ) to be tainted any way , if his preaching be flash , and haue non ore tast in it than the white of an egge , for lacke of learning , or if it bee not throughly powdered with salt , that it may giue grace to the hearers , and make their soules thirst after the water of life , for lacke of zeale , or if this life haue no salt of the couenant , and no part of him be sauorie , his case is very dangerous : he is subiect to the curse , his ministerie is denied a blessing . 2 The Minister of the Gospell must not prophecie peace to himselfe , nor of a fruitfull vine on the walles of his house , nor of oliue braunches round about his table , nor of wife and children , hee must not dreame that hee is carried on Eagles wings , and that all the sheaues in the shocke shall fall downe at his sheafe , hee must not imagine of drinking wine in carued bowles , of keeping a great house , hee must not thinke hee shall goe to his graue like a ricke of corne , hee must dreame of euill fauoured kine , of troublesome friends , of hard times , of the willowe trees by the waters of Babell , of exile , of darke prison , which needeth no interpretation , that his sheaues are threshed with an yron flaile , and that her graue is made him in a woodstocke : to bee short , his minde must not runne of getting and keeping , but of forsaking and forgoing , if persecution come , wee must trudge . 3 If Christ and his Gospell should goe from vs , wee must follow him , wee must goe sing the Lords song in a strange land : and this is not all . Those that loue thee best , whose soules are knit to thy soule , thou must forsake . O my father Abraham , and O my son Isaac must part , thou must forsake thy father which begat thee , and bring his gray head with sorrow to the graue , thou must forsake the wombe that bare thee , and the teares that gaue thee sucke , let the mother lacke the staffe of her age , the children of thy loines must thou leaue fatherlesse ; and the wife of thy bosome a widow to the wilde world . Yet this is not all : thou must stretch out thy hands , and let another man gyrde thee , and carry thee whither thou wouldest not . And yet there lacks one thing : Sathans great motiue , skinne for skinne , that for which a man will giue all that hee hath to redeeme his life . All these things will I giue thee ( saith the diuell : ) all these things will I take from thee saith Christ , we must be ready to leaue them all , or else we are not for him . 4 By this time all is almost marred . But flesh loueth ease , and it grieueth her that God and Mammon are no better friends , and we could be content euery one of vs to be Diues , whilest we be aliue , so we might be Lazarus when we be dead : wee could willingly goe to heauen , but it would bee in a conuenient broade way then , but in such a way ▪ where wee might driue a sumpter-horse before vs. This is a disease where with we are all tainted , as that wilie Serpent knoweth right well , and such thoughts as these doth he make oft arise in our hearts ; Seeing other estates liue the dayes of heauen , glut themselues in the pleasures of this world , and that the world sets them in her lap , and makes them her cockneyes , seeing they waxe wealthy and fatte , so that as Iob saith , they haue collops in their flancke , seeing them cloathed in softe rayment , flaunt it out , and seeing them carry the crest alofte , and to haue a great range , and not such streightnesse required of them ; and seeing them neuer to drinke of the waters of troubles : wee straight-way thinke , it is no better then madnes to abridge our selues of these delights , and to become a Pillar of salt . As for this estate ( say men ) it is but a dead melancholike calling , but a dumpish kinde of life , no ioy of heart , wee must liue in it like petie-Angels , as if we dropped out of the clowdes , or else we shall be offensiue . But especially this temptation may come vnto a minister ; for often we see when all is done , great learned Augustine shall get but little Hippo ; but if it be so you come to get Carthage , to be a Priest of the highest chaire , sit you neuer so well , yee sit not fast : and see the gyrts be sure , that hold you in your saddle . For if the Sunne goe downe , and it be a darke night , that all the beasts of the field creepe forth , whereas other callings may make a little elbow-roome for pollicie , and reserue themselues to an indifferent Interim , and it will be well taken , yet these men , these must be killed all the day , and be counted as sheepe appointed to be slaine . The Diuell will holde the spunge of vineger and gall too at their noses , the Flesh is queasie-stomacked , and cannot away with these poudered meates , shee must haue it fresh . 5 It is our fault too much to commend euery trifle , our tongues are our owne , we call euill good , if one bee not an open offender , so that hee drawe not his sinne after him with cart-roapes , though we see neither zeale nor feare of God in all his wayes , wee tremble not to call him a good man. In our flattering lippes we speake nothing but superlatiues , and thinke otherwise we commend not a thing to any purpose . But in the Dialect of the holie Ghost it is not so , he is no giuer of titles , and yet this much of his mouth is more then seuen swelling hyperboles from a vaine man. This word ( good ) is his emphasis , and in this word he expresseth matter of most high commendation . If we should take vpon vs to speake of the workmanship of the Lord , in the creation of heauen and earth , and the Hosts of them , both , would we not vse the statelyest words in all our store ? Nay , could we find any words stately enough to expresse them ? I tell you nay ; but they are able to swallow vp our vnderstanding , and to make our tongues cleaue to the roofe of our mouth . And yet the holie Ghost reporting the creation of them all : as of Light , which is ( saith Iob ) the Lords rose of estate ; of darknes , which is the swadling bands of the Day , the out-going of the Euening and Morning , and declaring how he powred out the Heauens like molten glasse , and set vp the firmament as a water ouer vs , how he laid the beams of his chamber in the waters , how he railed in the proud Seas with barres and doores , and planted plaines in the midst of it , how he lighted those euerlasting Cressets , the Sunne and the Moone , and gaue charge to the Starres not to faile in their watch ; telling how he created the clowds to be the bottles of heauen , and diuided spouts in them for the raine ; how he laid vp his treasures of Snow and of haile , and prepared the Forge for his Lightnings and Thunder , describing the creation of Plants from the Cedar of Libanus to the hysop that groweth by the wall ; of birds , from the Ostrich to the flie : of beasts , from Behemoth and Leuiathan , to the little Eme● ; And last of all , Man , the Countie Palatine of the whole world ; and of the passing Wisedome in his reynes : these workes be highly to be commended , if any thing be to be highly commended ; to be magnified , if any thing be to be magnified : in all these the holy Ghost neither riseth nor falleth , but this word serueth him throughout , and God saw it was good : and why not excellent good , but that we might know his word is mightie in the simplicitie thereof , and that what he calleth good , is excellent good . Yea heauen and earth may be glad of it , seeing the word of God , whereof one iote is of more price then they both : that the word , Hebr. 6. is called the good word of God , and to stoppe the mouthes of them , that will teach the holy Ghost Rhetoricke , Christ himselfe , Iohn 10. entituleth himselfe no otherwise but the good Shepheard . And good was thought good enough for him , and doe we yet require a more stately commendation ? 6 The Calling of the Ministerie is an alluring Calling , and , as I may say , a Calling that calleth men vnto it , a louely Calling , such a Calling , as the beames of it are able to rauish an eye : yet some being to marrie this Virgin , thinke her but hard fauoured , and therefore before hand will be sure of a good portion with her , or els they will none of her : but she is full of grace euen downe to the feete , in their eyes that loue her , and full of Maiesty & terrour euen to the dust of her feete , vnto al them that despise her , which more respect the reward than the worke : but this I confesse withall , that our eyes are so dazled with the golden stone , and the horsseaches daughter , Giue , Giue , cries so in our eares , and euer since Adam did eate the apple , all the mouthes of his posteritie are so out of taste , that we can neither heare , nor see , nor taste any thing that good is . True it is , that if we looke vpon this calling with an eye of flesh , it lookes euen like Christ for all the world . Esay . chap. 53. like a withered branch , and like a roote in the drie ground , and there is neither beautie nor fauour in it , that we should desire it . I am sure the eye of a carnall man can see no good in it , vnlesse it be good to cleane vnto the Lord : or it is good for me that I haue beene afflicted : and such like , which are like pilles , and will not ( to die for it ) downe with a carnall man. Well , Christ saith this Calling is good . We see , what is thought in heauen of this Calling . Howsoeuer it be shut vp in contempt of the men of this generation , that though they say not , it is not good , yet by shrinking from it , they proclayme so , louder than a trumpet , that they thinke it is not good . Let them laugh , we know , that euen an Asse , if she could laugh , would laugh at any , whosoeuer he were , that eateth not thistles . Let them iudge , when mans iudgement is done , we shall receiue the fruite of a better Fountaine . Let them spoyle Church-liuings , and deuoure the Lords portion , let them swell with disdaine , and burst with contempt against vs , a blessed contempt it is , that fashioneth these dayes of my vanitie into the similitude of the age of Christ. Christ doth not onely say this Calling is good , but he hath magnified this Calling in his own Person . He himselfe saith Paul Roman . chapter 15. verse 8. was a Minister of the Circumcision with vs. The Princes themselues haue no greater honour than to ouersee the Church . The best day that euer Dauid liued , was when in a linnen Ephod , he daunced before the Arke , and that was the day that he weepeth and panteth to remember , Psalme 42. Salomon the wisest , richest , mightiest , and most glorious among the sonnes of men , Ecclesiastes or Preacher was the crowne and beautie of his honour , and aboue all titles of kingdomes , and countries , this was most honourable , Salomon the Preacher . But what are men , or what are Kings or Princes in respect of Angels ? Yet euen these glorious Spirits , the whole host of Angels , whether they be Dominions , Principalities or Powers , the highest Honours they haue , the proudest Title they boast of , is to be Ministring Spirits . If he be an Angell , he hath no greater glory . And who art thou ? and what is thy fathers house , that canst farme vnto thy selfe greater Honour than to serue the Lord in this busines ? These arguments might moue vs , but aboue all arguments take this : The Sonne of God , before whom euen the very Cherubins couer their faces , spent his life in this Calling , and shall a peece of clay , a man , a stinking worme , so farre exalt himselfe in his birth , in his riches , in his wisedome , personage or blood , that he shall think it a disgrace to consecrate all his life to the ministery of the Gospell ? Can flesh puffe vp it selfe so farre aboue the Saints , aboue the Angels , aboue the Lord himselfe , or if he doe , shall he not be rewarded ? Yes surely , for if the Lord would keepe silence , the very creatures themselues would be reuenged of him . 7 We must desire that which is truely good , for there are many kindes of good : There is Isachars good , Genes . chap. 49. Isachar an Asse of great bones couching downe betweene two burthens , sa●e that which was good , and was content to beare . Howsoeuer many big-boned Asses lay them downe betweene a paire of burthens for ease , hastning onely to auoy de the burthen and the heate of the day . There is Demetrius his good , the siluer-smith : Sirs , yee know that by this craft we haue our goods . For we know , that the labour is nothing so great now , as it hath beene , and that in these daies , a clus●er of the common or ciuill lawe is worth an whole vintage of diuinitie . There is Balaacks good , Numb . chap. 22. I purpose to doe thee good , to promote thee . There is Peters good : Be good to your selfe . ●or we knowe , if he dare say to the King , thou art impious , he may carrie Iohn Baptists reward for his labour , and send his head for a second course . And yet there is a better good . For we must not , saith Syracid , Aske of a woman , touching whom she is ●ealous nor of an ambitious man touching thankefulnesse , nor of an●ireling for the finishing of ● worke , nor of the men of the world touching the things pertaining to God : for the world is a great fauourer of the heresie of the Libertines , and if we fall to counsell with flesh and blood , we may doe to the booke of God , as Ieconiah did to the Prophecie of Ieremiah , cutte it in peeces with a pen-knife , and cast it into the fire , for the wisedome of this world is foolishnesse with God , 1 Cor. 1. 8 Whatsoeuer is written , for vs it is written , and if it be written for vs , and for our sakes , Let me heare ( saith Dauid ) what the Lord will say concerning me , and so we must attend to heare the Lord : what he will say concerning vs. As for me , although I doe but sitte and mend my nettes , and haue no part nor fellowship in this businesse , being vnworthie to be matriculated into the high calling of the Ministerie , yet feeling my soule hath chosen the tabernacle of the Lord , for his portion , and seeing the day may come , that I may keepe a doore in the same , as the Lord liueth , before whom I speake , he knoweth that in his feare I speake to this end , that by mine owne mouth I may be stirred vp to prepare my selfe to this calling : and that all you as Augustine said in his case ( when it was as mine is now ) hearing what my desire and purpose is , may pray to God for me , that I may haue power and strength giuen me to performe it . 9 In prouiding for the Ministerie , good men would be preferred . God can doe much they say , he may make them able . It is like Saunders argument : God is omnipotent : Ergo there is transubstantiation . Nay he hath enabled diuers well . In the wildernesse , when meate could not be gotten , he rained quailes , but in Canaan , when they were in case to prouide for themselues , that prouision ceased . Many simple men at the first comming of the Gospell , were stirred vp , when the Vniuersities were the greatest enemies of his truth , but now when he hath restored to vs the plentie of Canaan , we must know , that the date of that extraordinarie calling in our daies is expired . * Yet he may doe well . True , he that casteth blindfold may hit the marke : but yet no wise man will lay any wager on his head . If I might see a fierie tongue sit on his head , I would say somewhat . After his receiuing vp into glorie , whē he ascended vp on high , then he gaue gifts vnto men , such gifts as on their Coronation daies Kings are wont in great abundance to scatter among the people . The Conduits ranne with wine , and all the cocks with rose water , and his Missilia new coyne of gold & siluer by handfuls were throwne amongst them Such were the gifts of tongues , prophecying , healing , all knowledge , and other graces . Now although he giue vs all things liberally , yet he cōtinued not his largesse daily , as at his inauguration . We must not looke alwaies to haue the like MAN for gathering it vp , but returne to our occupations : and let vs remember the Lords steward must be fraught with all store , new and olde , fitte to entertaine the sonne and daughter of the great King of heauen ▪ Prophecying the signe of learned men . Numb . 11. 25. Euen poore Bez●●●l and A●oliab before they could make curtaines , and worke in blew silke , yet for so much as it belonged to the Lords tabernacle , they were filled with the Spirit of God in these mechanicall hand●-workes . Esay . 6. 7. his mouth was touched with the hotte cole , & then sent , verse . 8. ●erem . 1. 9 ▪ his mouth is tou ched with the Lords hand , and he was bidden goe and crie . chap 2. 1. of Christ this question was asked , Iohn . 7. 15. How knoweth this man the Scripture ? their testimonie is of him Ioh. 7. 46. Matth. 7. 28. he speakes with power , and what this exceliencie is , may appeare by his disputation with good schollers , as it was likely , Luke chap. 2. verse 46. by his Hebrew Ephathah , whereas their vulgar speech was Syrian , by his perfect and often quoting of the Scriptures , and the Thalmud in discourse of the traditions of Corban , and the other of the gold of the temple &c. by Herods great expectation , and questioning with him of many things , Luke chap. 23. verse 9. by Sadduces and Scribes , putting ●●●th hard questions , as of the woman hauing seuen husbands , of paying tribute , and his stopping their mouthes , and by teaching by Parables , which was the learning most accounted of in these times , and as yet amongst the Iewes best thought of : by the desire that the Greekes had to see him , which came vp to the seast , Iohn chap. 12. verse 21. by the counsell of his brethren , that he should get him abroad , and shew himselfe to the world , thought to be famous . By his owne testimonie , Behold a wiser than Salomon is here : by Nicodemus , Iohn chap. 3. verse . 2. which confesseth him to be a Teacher sent from God. M●tth . chap. 13. verse 51. The Apostles daily taught by Christ the best Schoolemaster for three who eyeere together , and yet more , were commaunded to tarrie and waite for the promise of the ●ather , the Comforter to be sent . Apollos through his learning , a great helpe to the Apostles , Act. chap. 18. verse 24. and 28. Paul was brought vp at the feete of Gam●l●●l , a per●●ct Pharisie , Act. chap. 21. vers . 3. an expoūder of the law , though rude in speech , yet not in knowledge , 2. Corinth chap. 11 vers . 6. in conuerting Paulus Sergius a learned man , Dio●●si●s A●●opagita a great Philosopher , disputing with the whole troupe of the Stoicks and Epicures at Athens , read in A●●atus , Epimenides , Menander , made Foelix to tremble with the force of his eloquence , was thought Mercurie for his eloquēce at L●●aonia , by the notable course and vaine of all his epistles , not inferiour to the writings of any of the ●ea●hen , Festus thought him to be madde with much learning , Act. chap. ●6 . verse 24 he w●lled Timothie to bring his bookes and parchments from Troas , 2. Timoth. chap. 4. verse 13. by Peters testimonie , 2. Pet. chap. 3. verse 16 according to the wisedome giuen vnto him . Timothie was perfectly taught in the Scriptures frō a child , 2. Timoth. chap. 3. verse 13. in so much as he had prophecyings going before of him , 1. Timoth. chap. 1. verse 1● . nourished vp in the word of faith and good doctrine , 1. Timoth. chap 4. verse 6. charged to giue attendance to reading and learning , and to continue therein , 1. Timoth. chap. 4. verse 16. 10 Euerie thing in the Sanctuarie was double to that which was common , as the Shekle , the Cubit : so ought it to be with the Minister . Tri●les in the Ministers mouth are blasphemies : laughter in him is vnseemely , and to moue laughter is more vnseemely ▪ Al● will crie and say to them in their infirmities . Art thou become weake also as we ? A●t thou become weake like to vs ? Esa. chap 14 verse 16. * Thy voycetruely is Ia●obs ▪ sweete and soft , but thy hand is the paw of ●sa● , rough and hairie Let such a one be called Pastor of the Church , as in comparison of him , the rest may be called a flocke . H●●r●● . ad Ocean . And it is the Canon which the very Papists vse in electing of Ministers , Distinct. 25 Whosoeuer of Aarons seed had any b●emish in him , should not prease to offer before God , neither to come neere the vayle , neither to stand by the Altar , Leuit. 21 17 Vnlesse he will depart from iniquitie , let him not once name Christ his name : his mores will be beames ▪ Iohn Baptist is too streight , Christ is too loose , and his disciples wash not their hands before meate . Elisha hath a bald pa●● , and one thing or other stands yet in the way : ●e delights not , or he ●●ifies not . Doth Gods Minister rebuke sharpely , then is he too sowre ; if he admonish mildely , then is he too colde . A Bishop ( saith Hierome ) must be of such knowledge and holmesse , that both his gesture and motion , habite and atti●e , must ( as it were ) speake of his grauitie , his words and actions must be instructions to his people . And H●●rome saith , what shall the multitude commend in thee , if they finde their owne d●for●i ties in thee ? If they finde nothing which is not in themselues ? If they finde that in thee ( whom they thinke to reuerence ) which being found in themselues would make them blush ? Ministers are the Lords messengers , and they must not carrie with them ( as did Vvias ) a letter for the knowledge of such things as serue and tend to their destruction . Damnant se ipsos sua vo●e qui sui similes ●●ferno d●mnant , with their owne words doe they condemne themselues , which doe condemne such as be like themselues in the hels . If I aske a man of the right way , & he shall point at one way , and himselfe will goe another way , I will not regard his words , but follow his steps . Wel , as he is an adulterer , that with a desiring eie looketh on the beautie of his neighbours wife , albeit that woman shl remaine chast ; so are they murtherers in doing , as much as in thē lieth , to kill by their Iewd example , the soules of their brethren , although the Lord by his mercy preserue them from contagion . An euil minister is the diuels hauke , he is the diuels best factour . Surely Sermons confuted by an euill life , are like to milke turned in the seething . By preaching they hew timber out of the thicke trees , by euill life againe , they breake downe the carued worke , and with axes & hammers , Psal. 74. But whereunto shall I compare them ? They be like to spittle-men , perfit in the waies they neuer went , directing others , lying still themselues . They be like Heraulds at Armes setting their armies together by the eares , they thēselues neuer strike one stroke , like to markes in the high waies , which rotte away themselues whiles they stād instructing others in the way , or to bels calling other to the places where they neuer come , to blacke sope making white , & remaining blacke ; to blunt whetstones , which sharpen other things but they continue dull ; to rough ragged files , smoothing all other things , themselues remaining rough and not changed ; to Noahs ship-wrights , which make the Arke , but themselues were not saued in it . 11 When a certaine man had put Master Foxe in minde of one , on whom being afflicted in mind God blessed his ministerie , and asked him if he were yet in his remembrance , yes , said he , I forget Lord and Lady , but I remember such . 12 A certaine man said that in our age many Ministers were like to seruants who had long liued vnder a good Maister , so as they had gotten some competent stocke , vpon the increase whereof they did so much attend , that they neglected and forgat their ancient care for their maister . 13 He obserued that some speaking against eloquence , did sauour much of an humane spirit in their preaching , which is as euill or worse . For eloquence is not simply forbidden , but when it waiteth on carnal wisedome , for otherwise ioyned with the power of the word , and demonstration or euidence of the spirit , it is effectuall : but humane wisedome , very barren and destitute of eloquence is euill . 14 It were necessarie in the church of God , as Iosuah ministred to Moses , Elisha to Eliah , Samuel to Ely , Gehezi to Elisha , Baruch to Ieremiah , the Disciples to Christ , Timothy to Paul , that likewise euery learned godly Pastor should traine vp some young scholler , to commend him the better , and to enable him the more in the Church . 15 The climing Canons of the Pope were the cause of this mingling of Ciuill lawes with Diuinitie . First , Odia restringere . Fauores ampliare : that is , you must restraine euery commaundement of God , for they call those Odia . As , Feed my sheepe , we must distinguish of that , by that old distinction : either by my selfe or by another , & sometimes by my selfe ▪ these are the promises of God , which they make so large , that they maruell , how one that is conuersant in the Scriptures can be but a wicked man. But Dauid saith the contrarie Psalme 119. Lord thy commaundements are so broad that I am astonied at them : and the promises are set forth with so many conditions that they shall find them very narrow . C●phalus as I reade , who was an Atheist , when he was young , comming to be old , said , what if there be an hell , what if there be a punishment ? So when we haue made vs a commandement to our selues , out of that Pas●e , feede , then at length we shall come to say , what if Christ his meaning was not sometimes , and by another ? Then they would giue that they got , and a thousand times as much more , if they had it , to be ridde of that , if peraduenture . In a doubtfull precept , note that which is lesse . Austin hath this rule : This sense is good and godly , and so is that , holde both , for feare of quidsi , what if I tooke the wrong sense ? In a matter of controuersie , remember both waies . Who would not be their schollers , who may be so indifferent ? but it is not so . There is a rule out of Seneca : I doe the rather alleage him , because the fathers tooke many things out of him , and I suppose there was in him something aboue nature . One wrote vnto him to knowe , how he might knowe riches were not the chiefe felicitie , and that vertue was . He sent him word , that whether vertue were or no , is was neuer doubted ; but whether riches were , it hath beene a controuersie , chuse that which neuer came into controuersie : So whether to do our duties diligently , be good or no , it was neuer doubted , but whether by another , or sometimes our selues , it was doubted of in the most ignorant times But this subtle dispuring , as Paul calleth it ▪ will prooue foolish , and this shifting of things by distinction , vnlesse they be grounded on the word of God , Austen held it wisedome to acknowledge a fault where is none ? the wise man faith , I was afraid being sure of the truth , I dread all my doings : this is the reason of the regenerate man. CHAP. L. Of Gods promises , excellencie , and truth of Gods word , and how ●he wicked abuse Scriptures . IT is a thing worthie the standing on , to consider how the Apostles out of God his propromise , deduce arguments of obedience , as among many , 2. Corin. 7. when the Lord hauing promised , that whether wee abide in our houses , hee will dwell with vs , or whether wee will goe abroad , hee will walke with vs , or if we be afflicted , he will receiue vs : out of this promise the Apostle bringeth a conclusion , that wee should therefore cleanse our selues . This would see me a strange consequence , that seeing wee are cleansed , wee should cleanse our selues , for some haue made a cleane contrarie conclusion , laying , wee are cleansed , let vs defile our selues , seeing grace doth abound , let vs sinne . 1. Corin. 7. The Apostle in the person of the godly , reasons thus : the time is short , let vs therefore vse this world , as though wee vsed it not . The same Apostle out of the same premisses , in the person of the licentious liuer , frameth a cleane contrary conclusion : as 1. Corin. chap. 15 , Tomorrow we shall die , therefore let vs eate and drinke , let vs vse the world , because wee haue it , let vs stuffe our selues with pleasure , because our time is not long . So runnes the tenour of their conclusions . Because God hath mercie enough in store , and Christ his blood cleanseth vs from our sinnes , therefore faith the carnall Gospeller , least the blood of Christ should want matter and mettall to worke vpon , let vs wallow in sinne , for Christ hath blood enough to cleanse vs. Well the Apostle , I say , reasons in a contrarie manner , Christ hath washed vs , let vs not therefore defile our selues againe , and that which is more strange , he deduceth feare out of the promise . Wherefore for our vse we must learne , whether in reading and hearing the promises of God , the same minde be in vs , which was in Paul , when hee saide , and saide truely , that hee had the Spirit of God in him , and nee that draweth out this conclusion of the promise of God ; We are raised , therefore , wee will raise our selues , let that man know hee is of the same spirit , that the Apostle was . But he that concludes on the other manner : We haue promises , let all goe where it will , that man must suspect his estate , hee makes not a good conclusion . And as that , so this is true , the nature of God his promises , is not to be a placard to sinne , but a perswasion , a motiue , an inducement to holinesse of life , and to the feare of God. So that they that vse the promises , as they doe , saying God is mercifull , Christ dyed for vs. The Lord will forgiue vs , and so stuffe themselues with promises till they haue made them a pillow for sinne , they abuse themselues . True it is , that the sweete Psalmist saith , Psal , 131. Mercie is with God. What ? Not to make bold with sin , but to feare him . Such sophisters then shew by their reason , of what spirit they are , and to whom they belong , that is , to the diuell . For seeing it is of the mercy of God , he is become a great preacher and publisher of God his promises , and yee shall not haue a promise , but he will alleage it , hee is a greater enemie against Moses ▪ and against those that vrge the law , calling them Moses his Ministers , and Doctors of Despaire , and all to this end , to sow promises vnto vs , that we might take no thought : but still make this conclusion , Christ hath died , be bold to sinne . It is good therefore for a man to watch himselfe , whether in hearing the promises of God he hath a cold feare comming on him for his vnworthinesse , which if hee haue , that man may hope well of himselfe . For the nature of a promise from God , excludes securitie , and therefore it must end in feare . 2 We pronounce that the nature of a promise excludeth deserts , deserts I say , not debt ( for so wee should heare of it so often as mention is made of praying , rewarding , and rendering ) Against the Papists wee say therefore there are two debtes , the one of desert , as hire is due to a labourer , for hee hath deserued it : the other , a debt of promise , which is as well to be rendered as a debt of desert . For example , because I would make it plaine , when the daughter of Herodias daunced before Herod , he in the vanitie of his braine made a promise of giuing her any thing she would aske , euen to the one halfe of his kingdome : and after for the ●endering of his promise , he made a cōscience of his oath . Now no man I suppose , that is of any valour , thinkes that this vaine exercise deserued half a kingdome , in his valuation ( for it deserued rather another thing far worse ) but the debt that is due is not of desert , but of promise . Shee could not come and say , giue me , because I haue deserued , but giue me , because thou hast promised . No more can wee say vnto God , wee haue done this , pay vs , but thou hast promised to vs , therefore graunt vs what thou hast promised , though nor to vs immediately , yet to Christ by desert , & to vs for Christ his sake by promise , thou hast made it a debt : and to goe yet more narrowly to the nature of a promise , it is rather paid to the promiser , than to him to whom it is promised , as one of the fathers saith , God paieth his promises to himselfe , and the accomplishment of it most respects himselfe . 3 The nature of a promise is not presently to yeeld the thing promised ( for if wee had that , wee haue not a promise of a thing to bee performed , but a performance of a thing , that hath beene promised ) we stand in faith , and receiue in hope , and whatsoeuer wee are , we are but one hope , which is our * tenant , and takes vp our possession of things to come for our behoofe . Our life saith Paul is hidde with Christ. And it appeares not , ●aith Iohn , What we shall be . But the best that may be made of the wicked , is here to be seene to the vttermost . And seeing our life is in Christ , all that are on the stage of the world , it is knowne , who they be , namely the wicked , but whatsoeuer is the price of the godly , it is yet hidde in Christ , we haue nothing , but the hope of it . Now least some should say , if wee haue nothing but in hope , it were better to haue some thing certaine . To them I say , wee doe not speake of a promise from a man. The Apostle saith , the Lord is faithful . If the life of a Christian be compared to a warfare , then hope is our helmet , Ephes. chap. 6. If it bee compared to a sea-faring , then our hope is as an anchour , which we must cast into the sea with them , Act. chap. 28. to stoppe our shippe in dangers , vntill the day appeare . Lastly this is our stay , God is faithful , he hath promised , therfore he will surely performe it . First he speaketh the word , then he promiseth , that is , saith it double : In blessing thee , I will blesse . Then he addeth an oath : As I liue , saith the Lord , I will visit thee : & yet more , he hath left vs pledges , further to assure vs of the trueth of his word : if neither his word , his promise nor his oath wil serue vs , we haue nothing but promises : for concerning riches , glorie , countrey , and such like , God his children often want them . Come to God his grace , and to peace of conscience , which one would thinke they should haue , they often haue them not : but faith they haue , the promise they haue , euery thing else they haue not : still they haue the promises , them they haue : Our faith takes hold on our sins pardoned , on the assurance of the life to come : these we haue without peraduenture , wee haue the other things but by peraduenture . The best things we haue we possesse , & haue them by hope , and they that haue outward things , are beholden highly to God , but they be not his best blessings . 4 Howsoeuer some thinke but meanely of God his promise , yet nothing is more worthie our consideration and thankefulnesse . That that is , 1. Sam. 18 18. in the speech of Dauid , whe● one tolde him , that Saul was disposed to giue him one of his daughters in marriage , may here be noted , for what , saith hee , seemeth it small to you to bee a Kings sonne : what am I ? or what is my life ? or the family of my father in Israel , that I should be the sonne in lawe vnto a King ? So may wee say , what are wee ? or what is our life , or the familie of our father , that the Lord should vouchsafe to make such promises vnto vs ? Dauid made no light account of his promise . To set Dauid in our case , and Saul in the Lords , Dauids case was farre better than ours . For by reason of his victories he had deserued wel of the countrey , and therefore worthie to be considered of Saul : againe , though he should haue had Michol to wife , he was not for this to be heyre of the crowne , and yet he saith seemeth it to you a small thing ? Then I say , if we could come to make the comparison betweene Saul and God , who is the Saul of Saules , and prince of Princes , in whose respect al the Princes of the world are but wash pots , and Cyrus is nothing to him , he vnto whom the Angels are subiects and seruants , and to whom heauen and earth stoope downe , what analogie would there bee betwixt him and Saul ? On the other side , that wee may stand in stead of Dauid , if the Spirit of God would shew vs our vnworthinesse in a thing far aboue the promise of Dauid , wee would say , or wee should say , what are wee ? what is our fathers house ? that the Lord should haue respect to vs ? were not our fathers Amorites , drowned in superslitious idolatrie , carried away with the loue of the world , solde vnto sinne , and men full of ignorance ? what was in our fathers house ? for ourselues what are we ? haue we not beene deriders of the word of God , or hearers of the Lord speake to vs , with far lesse reuerence than we heare a mortall men ? what is there in vs ? I thinke not of the worst , but he that can best expresse his mind and meaning , cannot expresse our vnworthinesse . My stammering speech cannot vtter i● , we must conceiue more of it , & knowe that there is nothing in vs , or in our fathers house , that the Lord should vouchsafe vs such mercy . It must not seeme little that wee haue the word , and are compassed about with so many promises , wee must reade them with humility , & then no doubt wee shall reade them with thankfulnes . The Apostle saith , When the Angels looke at the mysterie of our redemption , they are wonderfully astonished , they can neuer looke enough to see the vnspeakeable highnes of the Lord , and the great gulfe of our vnworthines ; to behold the ods betweene his grea●nes and our vilenes . It needeth their conceauing , which if we could also doe , it would swallow vs vp to see the Lord bestow his promises on such vnworthie wretches . When the Lord shall not only make promises in generall , but in particular , not onely reall but personal , not onely conditionall , but free , not onely temporall , but eternall , who can goe through them all ? But setting aside these great promises & benefits of his word , of his Spirit , he hath promised that * euen our very corrections * shall doe vs good . Setting these apart with all the care of his Angels , & ministery of all creatures , he saith , he wil so narrowly looke to vs , & take charge of vs , that he will looke to the haires of our head , nay , Leuit. 26. he will looke to our kneading troughes , and which more is , Psal. 41. he will turne our beds , couches , in the time of sicknes . A strange thing , that the Lord should thus do with vs. In the heathen histories we reade , that because a certaine Captaine came to wash his souldiers wounds , they could not praise him enough . Then if God the Captaine of his whole Church , the God of glory , shall so narrowly looke to vs , as to number our haires , to take care for our kneading troughs , to turne our beds , to swaddle our wounds , these are able to amaze vs , and to set vs in a wonderfull taking to see so great kindnesse . 5 God wil be with vs wheresoeuer wee dwell : he will goe with vs wheresoeuer wee goe . He doth not rule vs , as Pharaoh did the Israelites , to set vs to make bricke , and to fetch the straw our selues but looke what he biddeth vs to doe , he giueth vs strength and substance to do . And for this worke when we haue done it , which is very homely , this wisedome passeth our conceiuing . Behold what promise was made of halfe a kingdome for so vile a seruice of Herods : so for a broken seruice he makes vs a promise of heauen and earth , not a● they be now ( which if it were so , it were too good for the best ) no , hee will breake vp these frames , not to destroy all , but to renewall for the comfort of men . So great is his mercy , that as a Father saith , that God his childrē hauing tasted of this in the life to come , do as it were mourne , and are grieued with themselues , that their repentance was no greater , and their thankfulnes no more , whiles they were on earth , and he that hath done best , as Abraham , Dauid , or Paul , they repent they haue done no more good . 6 The promises of God are free in themselues , in respect of the part going before . First , there is nothing at all in vs to moue the Lord to promise any good to vs. That wee may looke on that first and great promise made to Adam : when the Lord after his fall had charged him with his sin , he doth not confesse his sin , which the vilest malefactors often doe , but he chargeth the Lord againe , that hee was the cause of it , and makes his liberality the patron of his iniquitie , and so very miserably sets it ouer to the Lord ▪ Euen at this time and immediately vpon such behauiour the Lord makes his promise to him , that the seede of the woman shall bruse the serpents head . Here is no cause of a promise in Adam , he 〈…〉 o cōdition goes before . It is true also , that God made choise for his mercy of the v●●e●s people of the earth . Take but the Historiographers , and those that write for the Iewes , and s●tting aside all inward gifts of minde whatsoeuer , and come to their gifts of the body , their outward shape and lineaments , and for the very masse of their nature , of all people they were most vnseemely and ilfauoured , they were a pernicious and monstrous people , and as far from al gifts euen of nature , either of iudgement or wisedome , as was vnder the Sun : nay it were too homely to giue them the name , whereby some haue set them out . Of these people the Lord makes choice , and makes the first promise to them . So that this is also a free promise , nothing com● to it to moue the Lord to make it . And yet to these people the Lord promiseth , Leuit. chap. 26. 12. I will walke among you , I will be your God , and ye shall be my people . Againe , in the reigne of Zedekiah , when the measure of their sinne was come to the brim , when they were in the estate of the Perezites , Hiuites and Iebusites , the Lord makes another promise with the same people , greater than the former , Ierem. 31. 1. saying : Hee will be their father , and they shall bee his sonnes and daughters . So that God his promises are free in respect of the matter antecedent , but in respect of that which followeth , they were made with a condition , and that is , that wee bee holy . But for the most part men herein deceiue themselues , for as they heare , that it is a free promise , so they make it a free promise after . There is no inducement indeede , before he makes the promise , but afterwards hee bindes it with a condition . For it standes in the promises of God , as in his threatnings . In his threatnings there is no condition going before , they are absolutely pronounced , as that Ionas . 3. 4. Yet fortie dayes and Nini●ie shall be ouerthrowne . And that to Ez●kiah , Esa. 38. Put thine house in an order , for thou shalt dye , and not liue . Yet there is somewhat followeth after , as Vnlesse ye repent , which sometimes is expressed , but if not expressed , is alwayes to bee vnderstoode . For neuer any threatning so strongly was pronounced from the Lord , but this , Vntill we repent , if it were done , would breake the force of it , and turne it backe againe , as the Niniuites repented , and the Lord turned away his fierce wrath . Ezekiah wept , and the Lord gaue him length of dayes . So how flatly and freely soeuer the promise made to vs , yet this condition followeth , We must be holy . Thus wee see how Gods promises in respect of themselues , before they be made , are sure yet not as the wicked imagine that there is no limitation . 7 That the Bible is the Librarie of the holy Ghost , it may appeare : first , for that it setteth downe the infirmities of men , without all flatterie , as well as it commendeth them for their vertues , Gens . 49. Numb . 12. Secondly , the matter of it is altogether heauēly , and nothing , nor any part thereof sauoureth earthly : it yeeldeth to no one affection or other , but opposeth it selfe to all . Thirdly , the forme , the dignitie of the s●ile , and maiestie of the sentences in it is such , as it cannot bee fully and wholy conceiued and vttered of any man , and it is alwayes more powerfull in the matter than in words . The Apocrypha going about to expresse the excellencie of it in Greeke , is a very cold and barbarous thing . Fourthly , of all things it moueth affection in the readers ; & pierceth into the secrets of the hearts , which you shall neuer finde but for some little time , and straight vanishing away , in other writings of the profoundest Philosophers that euer were . Fiftly , of all it is most auncient : and many good thing : in Philosophers and Poets are fetcht from this . Sixtly , all the prophecies set downe by diuers writers with one consent are accomplished , so are none of the diuels oracles . Reade that of Iacob , Genes . 49. that of Moses , Deut. 32. of Ethan , Psalm . 89. Esa. 45. Seuenthly , the wonderfull preseruing of this booke from time to time , 2. King. 22. so that it hath not perished , whereas many other bookes of great price and estimation are vtterly lost . Eightly , that there hath been such a continuall and vniuersall consent of this booke from time to time : and because all the heretikes and labours of them that would withstand and confute this , still are soyled and brought to nought . Lastly , the constant death of wise , sober and meeke Martyrs , whoeuer in their deaths for this , haue had a plaine distinction from the deaths of other franticke and witlesse persons . Many places of Scripture , saith the Apostle , 2. Pet. 3. are peruerted of the vngodly , and you shall see the wickedst man talking most , and making much of one kinde of Scri●ture . Among Heretikes , Arrius of this , 1 My Father is greater then I. M●richeus of this , 2 He was found in the forme of a seruant . Montanus of this , 3 I will send you another Comforter ▪ Papists of this , 4 Thou art Peter , Vbiquitarij of this , In whome the God head dwel● corporally . Familists of this , 5 The kingdome of God is within you . And euill men the Epicures abuse this place ; That which goeth into the bellie defileth not the man &c. The carnall professors this : If he hath predestinated vs , he will also cail vs. Those that vnder the name of peace , desire to couer euill practises , alleage this , 6 Follow peace with all men . And that which is abused not of one sector companie , but of all , is this ; Hypocrite , first pull out the beame out of thine owne eye : August . de moribus ●a●ich . reprouing their loose liues , they alleage this , Hypocrita prius , &c. So daily if wee deale with mo●es , with motes I meane in the eyes ( for with motes in the Sunne any man may deale ) then this is vsed as a neck verse , Hypocrita prius , &c. which when we haue said , wee thinke we are presently quit , and to haue entred another action of hypocrisie , and reuenged them home vpon any reprehension ; I say , wee flie to this as a sanctuarie , wee vse it as a spell to charme the reprehender , that hee cannot speake one word more . But this is not Christ his meaning , his being in the Flesh was not to maintaine sinne , he came not to make men escape the gentle punishment of admonition : he came to cācell the hand-writing that was against vs , not to make a new hand-writing , but as it is said in the Psalme , wickednes hath a wide mouth , and Dauid maketh it a maruell to see the mouth of wickednes stopped , for rather then it will say nothing , it will speake against itselfe . 1. Cor. 7. Paul reasoneth the time is short , therefore we must vse the world as though we vsed it not . 1. Cor. 15. 32. The wicked say , Tomorrow we shall d●e ▪ therefore let vs eate and drinke . They gather a contrary conclusion out of the same promises : 2. Cor. 7. Paul reasons , Seeing we haue such promises , let vs clēse our selues : the wicked say Rom. 6. Let vs sinne , that grace may abound . We may reason thus rightly out of the former words of Christ ; He disallowed disorderly casting out . Ergò , hee alloweth orderly casting out : he commandeth the beame to be cast out first . Ergò , the mote also . We reason on the cōtrary ; No promiscuall casting out , Ergò , no casting out : his owne first , Ergò , not ours at all . Their conclusion is this , if they durst say so much : Praecipe quid faciam or● vt faciam ; sed ●e omnino corripito , quicquid facio . I loue not to heare of my faults , meddle not with mine eyes . So it is true which is in Prou. 26. A parable in a fooles mouth , is as a thorne , &c. Hee thrusteth the blunt ende forward , and by abusing of places they gore themselues . 16 As we cannot see without the apple of the eye , so we cannot know the thing of God without the teaching of God. For though some things are learned by sense , as we need not be taught from heauen to discerne betweene white and blacke , colde and heate , and such like : and some things are attained by the light of nature , or helpe of Arte , as the knowledge of ciuill and humane things ; yet there are many things to be learned , which we cannot attaine vnto by naturall reason onely , without spirituall reuelation . For to be perswaded that all things were made of nothing , that a Maide should haue a Sonne , that the Flesh corrupted should rise to incorruption , that CHRIST a Sauiour on the Crosse , should be a Iudge in the clowdes , that we should be freed from death by his death , and exempted from condemnation , by condemnation , that man should sinne , and CHRIST should suffer ; where is the wise man , where is the Scribe , where is the Philosopher that can shewe a ●●●son ? But be it that man could be taught by nature to vnderstand things appertaining to GOD , yet : is needfull that that God should teach him , because else he should learne it with incer ●intie , and little assurance : for besides that Iob confesseth , how though he went euen into the shop of the Lord , where he worketh , yet he should not see him . These reasons I haue to proue that I speake : first , the most and greatest part are full of simplicitie , & many cannot take the paines to search them ; of many that would take paines , many want the meanes ; of manie that haue the meanes , fewe come to anie thorow knowledge of them ; and they that come to knowledge , labour vnder great vncertaintie : whereof it commeth to passe , that many either proue fooles , or become Heretikes , because medling with such things in the pride of their wits , they haue not prayed to be taught of God. CHAP. LI. Of murmuring . IT is a common thing with men to grudge and murmure against Gods true seruants , and therefore Ministers and Magistrates and such like , must learne with patience to beare it , and to prepare themselues for it . For if the Israelites murmured against Moses , being so ●are a man , how much more will men now grudge against such as haue not obtained the like measure of graces ? ▪ This is a sore temptation , and Moses himselfe did once offend , because of the murmuring of the people : yet was he said to be the meekest man vpon the earth . But else alwaies Moses ouercomes euill with good : for he was so acquainted with that people , that he had ( as it were ) hardened his heart against them . 2 This is the nature of murmuring , it will cause a man to be no man at all , which wee may see in the Israelites , who wished to be in Egypt , whereas yet they knewe that for their sinnes , the Lord carried them thither , and as it were in iustice cut them off for sinne : so it is as much as if they had saide ; would the Lord had cut vs off , rather than left vs in this case : for they were contented to die if they might not haue their bellies full . 3 To be assured of Gods prouidence , and that we may not be ouercome of murmuring in worldly things , we are to looke to the benefit of Christ in the forgiuenes of our sinnes , the sanctification of Gods spirit , and the hope of euerlasting life : for if wee bee assured of these ▪ wee shall be likewise assured , that the Lord will no suffer vs to perish in this world . And if wee doubt of earthly things , wee doe doubt of these spirituall graces much more , and the want of the perswasion of the one , doth bring the other . For if the Israelites had been perswaded , that the Lord had deliuered them , and would bring them into the land of promise , they would not haue doubted that he would preserue them in the wildernes : which wee may see in the example of Abraham , Genesis chapt . 24 who because the Lord had promised him a seede , sent foorth his seruant to get a wife for his sonne : for he knew that the Lord who had made the promise , who wold prouide the meanes also to bring it to passe : so if wee be perswaded that our sinnes are forgiuen vs , we shall not doubt , that any other thing shall hurt vs ; for seeing sinne the cause of all miseries is taken from vs , we may be sure that no miserie shall hurt vs ▪ and if the Lord hath giuen vs his sonne , he will giue all things with him , and the loue wherewith he loueth vs in his sonne will not suffer vs to want the things that are for our good : for if a father will prouide for his sonne , the Lord will prouide for vs , who is a heauenly father , and cannot bee changed though earthly fathers he . 4 To this faith in the free forgiuenesse of our sinnes and the imputation of the righteousnesse of Christ , wee must adde the faith in the sanctification of the spirit : for if wee beleeue that the Lord hath made vs of sinfull men , iust men ; of varie●s , vessels of righteousnes , and temples of his spirit : if he can make the Leopard and the K●● to lye together . Esay 11. if he can make the couetous person liberall and the whoremonger a chaste person : if wee beleeue that the Lord will and is able to change vs from any sin be it neuer so great , and strong by nature , or by euill custome : wee may then be sure that the Lord in this life will not suffer vs to faile in any thing needefull for vs , neither are wee to doubt thereof , seeme it neuer so vnpossible : for it is a greater worke to change a sinner , than to worke wonders in nature . 5 Fourthly , if we beleeue that the Lord will prepare a kingdome for vs in the heauens , we cannot but beleeue that in this life he wil perserue vs. For if we beleeue , that our bodies shall be turned vnto dust , and yet raised vp againe , we shall be sure he will not but prouide for vs in this world : for it is a greater thing to raise vp the body from death , and out of the dust than to preserue i● being aliue . And to this faith of our redemption , we must beleeue in the prouidence of God , first , in creation , so that if wee beleeue that the Lord made all things of nothing ; we shall beleeue that he will giue vs sufficient : for we see that the light was before the Sunne , Moone , and Starres , and the grasse before the raine and dew , that we should not put too much trust in them , and to teach vs , that without these meanes we may haue these blessings : for the Lord hath prouided these meanes , not for his weaknes , but for ours Do we beleeue that God made all men , and shall we feare men ? therefore we beleeue not these things , or els we would not so much feare the want of earthly things : for if a sparrow fall not on the ground without his prouidence shall we thinke he will not prouide for vs ? wee must then beleeue the particular prouidence of God in the gouernment of all things , which will be an helpe to keepe vs from distrust and murmuring : doe wee beleeue that the Lord made vs ? then shall wee not thinke that hee will preferre vs ? for it is more wonderfull , Psal. 1. and 139. Eccles. 11. 6 We are therfore to beleeue the prouidence of God , first generally ouer all creatures , then particularly ouer euery one of them : yea euen ouer the sparrowes . Againe , if the Lord hath care of beasts ( as indeede hee hath ) because they were made for man , hee will much more haue care of man , for whom they were made . He hath a care for the wicked to do thē good ; for hee filleth their bellies with his hidden treasure , then wil he much more reioyce ouer the godly to doe them good : if he loued vs when we were his enemies , will hee not prouide for vs being reconciled to him by the death of his owne and onely sonne ? If hee did vs good when we sought him not , will he not much more when wee doe seeke him in praying vnto him , as he hath commanded ? If he hath done vs good , when for our sins hee might haue punished vs , will he not when with his spirit he hath sanctified vs ? Oh then let vs not be vnfaithfull , and so become murmurers against the Lord : but let vs be faithfull , and to looke vnto the Lord to doe vnto vs according to our faith . 7 Furthermore , this prouidence of God must bee confirmed by the example of Gods children in all ages , as in the time of the fathers before the flood , who did eate nothing but hearbes ; ve● some of thē liued nine hundred yeeres , to teach vs that men liue not by these meanes : ●f by these meanes he nourished them , he will by greater , as by flesh and fish , nourish vs. The Israelites were fed with Manna ( which was neuer seene before nor since ) for the space of fourtie yeeres . If they gathered any more thereof than the Lord commanded , it stanke : yet being kept before the Arke 400. yeeres it did not so , and when they came to the promised land it ceased : whereby we may learne , that it is not the meanes , but the blessing of God vpon the meanes that giueth nourishment . Did not Moses and Elias liue fortie daies without meate , and the children of Israel goe fortie yeeres in the same garments not waxing old ? and othersome hauing meate in abundance been hunger-starned ? and shal it not teach vs that these things are ordained for our weaknes , and that the Lord without these meanes can nourish vs ? If Dauid proued by experience , that he neuer saw a righteous man , of righteous parents , begging his bread ; if wee bee now righteous , as they were then , the Lord will prouide for vs now as well as he did then for them , and we shal haue the like experience . 8 To this prouidence we must come with a patient minde to let the Lord giue what he will , and therefore wee must haue contented mi●●es , and know that godlinesse is great riches , and not to looke for great matters , Ier. 45. as it was said to Baruch , and therefore are wee taught to pray for daily bread : so that we may haue the same minde that was in our father Iacob , Gen. 28. who was content with meate and cloath , which generally is commanded to all , 1. Tim. 6. if the Lord giue more than this , take it as an ouerplus . A patient minde prescribeth not to God , the meanes nor the time , nor indenteth with God , but is content with the grace of God in forgiuenes of sinne , and the sanctification of the spirit , though it want other things : our Sauiour Christ teacheth vs , not too desirously to seek after earthly things , but rather after the kingdome of God : and wee ought to receiue the loue of God with all contentment though it come alone , and for outward things to enioy them , or not to haue them as it pleaseth him : for the children of God doe for outward things possesse their soules in patience , and commit the rest vnto the Lord , not binding his fauour vnto them . 9 The cause of all rebellion and murmuring is , that wee know not the great power of the Lord , or else we at that time doe forget it : when by faith we should make to our selues most comfortable vse of it , as wee may see in the Israelites , who had beheld the great power of God with his goodnesse towards them , but not in faith , and therefore when the tentation was sore vpon them they cleane forgat it . The Lord therefore being zealous of his owne glorie , sheweth himselfe to bee most louing and beneficiall towards vs , which ought to leade vs to acknowledge his great goodnesse , but if wee doe not , then his iustice will surely teach vs. 10 The Lord oftentimes with holdeth or taketh away that thing , the hauing whereof might be hurtfull vnto vs : which if we would rightly consider of , it would be an especiall helpe against murmuring in the want of Gods blessings . For if wee would consider this , that the Lord doth therefore keepe it from vs , because hee seeth it would bee hurtfull for vs , and that when wee shall be fit for it , hee will then giue it vnto vs , wee should better bee contented with that we haue , and more patiently beare the want of that wee would haue : as for example , if a man wanting health , riches , estimation , and such like , and bee grieued for it , so that he is almost readie to murmure for the want of them : if he then can consider that the Lord knoweth they be not good for him , but if he had them they would turne to his hurt : this would bring marueilous great quietnes to his heart , and would stop his murmuring nature , and would rather stirre him vp to acknowledge the goodnesse of God towards him . 11 When the Lord proueth his people , he thereby laboureth to bring them to prayer : yet on the contrarie , they fl●e from him , and murmure against him : the reason is , for that they thinke it a small comfort to pray vnto him in their trouble , but rather thinke it very harsh to acknowledge their sinnes , and so to obtaine the forgiuenes of them , which being obtained , nothing can bee more comfortable : they must haue that they want , or else nothing will please them . As the Israelites did murmure against the Lord when they wanted water , nothing else would please them : so is it with many when they cannot obtaine some corporall or externall blessing , which they doe much long for . But who art thou oh thou vile man , that thus dealest with the Lord , and neuer hast had thy heart washed by the blood of Iesus Christ ? for if thou haddest , thou wouldest neuer murmure so much for wanting that thou wouldest haue , but rather make him at all times the chiefest comfort , and in all thy necessities , patiently and meekely call vpon him in feruent and faithful prayer . 12 Men doe not onely faile in prayer vnto the Lord : but also they murmure many times against such as he hath set ouer them to bee their guides : for the latter sinne ariseth of the former . The Israelites quarrelled with Moses : yet what had Moses done against them ? they thought no doubt that he of malice , and contrarie to the will of the Lord , had brought them into the wildernesse , for they thought God had a neerer way and a better to bring them into the promised land : and because they could not consider the worke of the Lord , therefore they must needes quarrell against some bodie , and wreake their griefe vpon him , laying the fault vpon Moses . Thus did Rachel , whom when the Lord punished , for that she was Proud ( because her husband loued her best ) and made her barren , when he gaue children to Leah , she not considering that the Lord punished her pride with barrennes , began to quarrell with her husband ; asking him why he gaue no children to her ? To whom he answered : Am I in stead of God vnto thee , to giue thee children ? And this is the manner of the people in all ages , that when they cannot see the Lord punishing them for their sinnes , they straightway lay the fault vpon some or other , by whom they thinke it commeth . As now if the Lord doe send tumults and stormes into the common-wealth , so that the people be brought to some trouble ; doe we not straight wayes lay the fault vpon the Magistrates , and say , is not this the doing of the Magistrates ? They consider not that the Lord doth by this meanes punish them for their sinne : for it is certaine that the Lord loueth a multitude better than one or few , and therefore hee will not punish a whole realme or nation , if the sinnes of a multitude did not prouoke him thereunto . But it oftentimes commeth to passe , that for the sinnes of the people , he doth harden the hearts of the Magistrates , that they cannot loue their subiects so well , nor that they can bee so profitable , and doe them so much good , as otherwise they might , as is reported by Iehoshaphat , 2. Chron. 20. This if the people could or would consider , they would not be so ready to lay the faults ▪ on their Magistrates , when trouble or triall commeth vpon them : in like case doe they also deale with their Ministers . If trouble come , doe they not straightwaies say , see what our Preachers haue done ? and is not this the fruite of their preaching ? so they will alwaies haue one or other to lay the fault vpon . But what was Moses comfort in this case , and that which staied him from murmuring against them ? Euen that ( no doubt ) which other of Gods Ministers haue had in the like case . Ieremiah in the seuēteenth chapter against the raging of the people , made this his sure defence that he had not thrust in himselfe into that office to be their Pastor , but the Lord appointed and called him therevnto . Secondly , that of affection he had spoken nothing but onely that which the Lord commanded ; did he declare vnto them ; and from hence may all the true Ministers of God haue comfort : for if the Lord send them , he will no doubt defend them , so long as they doe this message faithfully , & therefore the people must take heede how they either receiue or reiect any that speake to them in the name of the Lord. For as they may not receiue any that bringeth not the word of truth , nor be feared by them ; for as much as the causelesse curse shall passe without hurt : so likewise , and as surely shall the word of God spoken truly by his Minister certainely haue his effect , and shall not returne in vaine : And this is common to all kinds of calling , that men may be confirmed therein . Contrariwise , when we being in affliction can pray vnto the Lord for his helpe , and acknowledge his prouidence in that which is vpon vs , it manifesteth our faith , it preserueth vs from murmuring , and keepeth vs from quarrelling with men : for if we consider that it is the Lords worke , we shall neuer set our selues against him for it : but if we passe ouer his prouidence , then shall we auenge our selues vpon men . But many men will be content to iudge and condemne this sinne in the Israelites , and neuer looke into themselues to see the same : but this sinne is as rife now as euer it was , and this no doubt is a cause why many cannot profit by the examples of the old Testament , because they imagine grossely of the sinnes of that people , and thinke that there is no such grosse sinnes now , whereas indeed if the case were duely considered , the same sinne is grosser now than it was then : for as much as the mercies of God are more plentifully vpon vs , and with greater continuance than vpon them . 13 The children of Israel did so much as in them lay to prouoke Moses diuers times to murmure against the Lord : yet we may reade how he yeelded not , neither was at any time ouercome except once , Numb . 20. Psal. 106 , for which the Lord said , he should not enter into the land of promise , and Moses found the truth thereof : for when he much desired the same , the Lord would not be entreated , but he must die in the Mount : where all men must learne that they praise not the children of God too much , though they be strong & haue receiued great gifts : for by Moses example they may here see that by such violence of temptation they may fall . And againe , all Gods children must take heede that they yeeld not to temptations , when they are offered : for though the occasion be of another , yet the cause is in our selues , and we shall be chastised for the same if we doe yeeld . And againe , we must take heede that we doe giue no occasion to the Magistrate , or the Minister to murmure , least the Lord punishing them , we also be depriued of the benefit which we should receiue by them . CHAP. LII . Of Patience vnder the Crosse. THere is a difference betweene Gods children and others : for Gods children haue the patience that others doe want , though not at the first , yet in continuance , though with some infirmitie : first , because they are perswaded of forgiuenes of sinnes : and secondly , are sure of their vocation by good workes , which are the fruites of sanctification : thirdly , the knowledge of Gods prouidence , which disposeth all things for our good : fourthly , because they looke for another life , and when they faile of any of these , then they begin to quaile : and the wicked , because they vtterly want these therefore they are altogether confounded . 2 Patience is not so much in ●●e outward stilnes of the bodie and shewe of the faee , as in the inward quietnes of the heart , and meeknes of the spirit . Therefore Dauid , Psal. 4 ▪ biddeth vs examine our selues vpon our beds , and be still : and Esai , 30 ▪ the Lorde saith , your helpe shall be in silence and peace : and therefore Dauid and Iob being in trouble , saide they would lay their hands on their mouthes : for when a man doth thus possesse his soule in patience , he is most fit for the mercies of God , and then shall hee receiue the greatest profit by them . For as in bodilie diseases to be quiet , is a great ease and helpe : so it in other troubles whatsoeuer , and therefore must we especially labour for it . 3 Manie will say , that GOD is mightie , but they bel●eue it not , as appeareth in that they are ouer fearefull , when they bee in daunger : whereas Gods children haue some presert feeling thereof , and afterward are more strengthened . So that if wee cannot trust in God in the want of all helps , we doe not belieue this power , if wee depend not on him , pray not vnto him , striue not to obey him , we belieue not this . For this cause did the holy men write of the power of God , which they haue felt , that after they may be strengthened : and so must we consider of Gods power , that we in patience may looke for helpe from God in trouble , and in prosperitie , see his hand that blesseth the same vnto vs , and so vse the same vnto his glorie , and giue him all the praise . 4 To a good action , it is requisite that our intent be according to the word , that then our action being good , we vse right meanes : if our meanes be good , then must we haue faith : if we haue faith , then must we haue sound hearts : if our hearts be sound , we must deuoure through peace all hindrance : and waiting for the good time of the Lord , we must possesse our soules in patience . 5 There are diuers plaine Israelites that will suffer a vaile to be put before their faces , and they will vse them as the Pharisies did Iohn Baptist , to obiect him against Christ ; Iohn and his Disciples fast : and why doe others so , but to haue a cloake for their wickednesse ? These are abused for want of wisedome , and would mislike their practises in their heart , if they could sound the depth of them : Praestat esse caudam Leonis , quam caput vulpis : Better to be the taile of a Lion , than the head of a Fox . Well , it is good to be iust and wise , but yet not for our selues : but yet such as will not keepe their wisedome to themselues , but tell it out , or write it , come to wrack . Because he will not follow the counsell of Amazias , See not , he hath the reward of the Prophets , & all the Prophets except foure perished . The cause was , they were more wise than was for the Princes aduantage . In respect euen of God his permissiō , it is iust that the iust should perish : we may say , is this his reward ? but we must know that when for corruption of time , God his children cānot liue without hazard of their hazard , he taketh thē away : neither in so doing doth he breake his promise , that giues them for a long life , eternall life ; for a bag of siluer , a bag of gold : for in so doing he promiseth the lesse , and performeth the more . We would indeed be the Lords seruants , if we saw his seruice would alwaies preuaile ; but because sometimes we see their seates without honour that serue God , we will be none of his seruants , or we learne by reason to iudge no action by the person : yet we say , if he preuailed not , he tooke no good course , or if we cannot but say , he is wise , we say he is too wise . The Prophet ( Prou. 30. ) saith , he will write his vision to Ithiel , and if Veal be with him , to him too , or else not : the meaning is , Ithiel is God with vs : he would write it to please God : Veal is to preuaile : if that be with the other , he will haue both , else keepe to the other , and let Veal alone . When a man goeth to the market cum ob●lo , if he like lettesse , he may take them , & giue his ebolum , if he like his halfepeny better , he may keepe it ; but if one would haue both ebolum & lactucas : so if we haue vpright dealing , and will esteeme the fauour of men in authoritie better , we may change it for that : but if we esteeme our vpright dealing better , let vs keepe it , we must not require them both . Example in Christ , he was crost in all his doings : he went with a full minde to conuert his countrimen , and they would haue throwne him downe an hill : he would haue preached to the Gargazites , and they prayed him to depart : he spake greatly to discredit the Pharisies , and they preuailed with the people against him : he bent all his preaching against Traditions , but in the Apostles times they increased tenne for one , they preferred Barra●●● before him , & to fill vp the measure , the iust man perisheth in his righteousnesse : but ●hat reason is there of this ? that it may appeare Gods seruants are no mercenaries , they be not godly with such and such conditions , they say not , let iustice rather be lost , than I die as the Heathen . A second reason is in respect of the thing it selfe . Augustine marueileth why they call not life a disease : for men speaking of a disease wil say , he is in an Apoplexe , surely he will die of it , when indeed he may escape : but of life he may surely say , he hath the sicknes of life , therefore he shall die , we die of the corruption of humours , and as there are two bodies publike and priuate : so two humours , and two corruptions of them , and is it not all one for one to die by the corruption of the publike humours , lawes & customes , as of our owne ? Nay better , we being whole in body and soule . In taking vpon vs to be Christians , we binde our selues to die : since the fall of Adam no man passeth to Paradise but by the burning Seraphins ; no man to the land of Canaan , but by the burthen of him , and the waters of Marah ; no man to Ierusalem , but by the valley of weeping ; no man to the happie citie , but by the waters of Babel : the tenure whereby we hold heauen , is the crosse , that was the indenture betwixt Christ and his Father , that he should not enter into heauen , but that he must first suffer , 2. Tim. 2. all that will liue godly must suffer ▪ And Ambrose turneth the proposition : he that suffereth no persecution doth not liue godly : and there is a reason ▪ it is so that sometime the iust man perisheth in his iustice , and this is well that he dieth in his iustice : for diuers ( as Gedeon ) haue bin first spoyled of their iustice , and then perished . That is the case of many now adaies , perish they may , but in their righteousnes they cannot . It is said of Enoch , he was translated , that his minde might not be tainted with the sinnes of those times . If a man see in an orchard apples of all kinds , and the husbandman gather one kinde and not the rest , a foolish man will maruell at it : but the husbandman knoweth what he doth . If we would affoord God this equitie , to know when to gather his fruit best , we should not thinke much that the iust are gathered . Some say , it is better that the iust man should perish , rather then God his righteousnesse should bee condemned : for wee goe about by doing it to condemne heauen , which they withstand , hindring it so long as they liue . We send our sons to fight for the prince of heads , we lament but curse not the king : we are Gods souldiers , the militāt Church to fight , that his iustice be not condemned , we standing by ; we haue armour giuen vs : Ephes. 6. Faith is our shield . God hath good right to say so to vs , giuing vs Faith. This reason is from the excellencie of God his Iustice. Let vs say with the iust man , better the world perish , then that Iustice bee lost . If euery haire of our head were a life , we ought to giue them all for this . Again , better we die , then many perisn . : by our example many may be wonne ; example is a chiefe motiue . Affliction is compared to a Wine-presse , for out of it commeth wine wherewith the hearts of diuers are so comforted , that they dare suffer the like . A childe or foole could say of a good cluster of grapes , it were pitie it should be put into the presse : but hee that knoweth how it would else come to nought within a few dayes , will cast it into the presse : if it had not bene so , we had wanted the wine we now haue . Seeing also they were men of such imperfections as we are , wee may be encouraged to doe the like . God saith , hee will haue vs shine as lights , whose propertie it is to serue others , and to consume itselfe . At last Veal shall be ioyned to Ithiel , then shall euery one that suffered wrong , haue a writ of error , and they that handled good men ill , shall say , we fooles counted his life madnes , and shall haue such griefe , as no man of neuer so great stomacke would wish his enemie more : and the iust shall haue blessednes for euermore . Who would not change this vanitie for it ? who would be so mad as for ●ife to lose the cause of life ? And looke how many hereafter shall be conuerted by their example , so many more degrees of glorie shall they receiue in the kingdome of Heauen : and this is the cause why some of the Saintes would euen line here againe , that they might suffer againe : So little doe they repent that they haue suffered . It it said , The wicked shall a●t liue halfe their dayes . Malum natura breue , February is the worst moneth , because it is the shortest . But how is it then , that they holde out their wickednes ? That is a great indignity . A drunkard will continue so long as his lungs wil last : an adulterie whiles his loynes last : a glutton whilest his skinne : a contentious man as long as his purse lasteth well : if a man perish for righteousnes , they are burnt sacrifices ; if naturally , they are but a peace-offering , partly Gods , and partly natures : so then if a man continue euen for his wickednes , as Herodias was rewarded for that for which she should haue beene punished , he is wholy the diuels . 6 Malice drinkes the greatest part of her owne poyson God his children drinke of the top of the cup , but the wicked of the lees to worke in their bowels eternall griefe of conscience . Wickednesse and punishment are both of one age , they are not burnt in the hand but in the heart . The sinner is condemned , though he be not iudged publikely , yet euery man iudgeth him in his chamber . And if he continue , God bringeth him vpon the stage , and sheweth some notorious signe vpon him , and some singular iudgement for sinne . If they should continue as long as Methusaleth , yet the yeere of their punishment would swallow vp the yeeres of their continuance in wickednesse : Follow not such as doe euill . Augustine saith well , good men haue not alwaies good children , least vertue seeme hereditarie : neither haue euill men euill children , least sinne should ouercome all the world . Likewise all iust men perish not , some doe not , least we should thinke , there were no prouidence of God : and all the wicked escape not in this life , least we should thinke there were no life to come . CHAP. LIII . Of Predestination , Perseuerance , and Presumption . WHom the Lord hath appoynted for his glorie , to them he hath also appoynted meanes to attaine thereto . 2 We must not ioy so much for that which we haue done , as we ought to be carefull what hereafter we must doe : for many are called , but few are chosen , and many begin gloriously , which end ignominiously . Perseuerance is called ( Ephes. 6. 18. ) Proskartéresis , 1. Cor. 16. 13. We are taught to watch , and 1. Thes. 5. 6. not to sleepe : we must not be like the foolish Virgins , Mark. 13. 3 ▪ and the drowsie Apostles for want of it are reproued , Matth. 16. 38. What could yee not watch with mee one houre ? The law saith , Euery good thing is worse than euill without it : because if men goe not with a through stitch , they haue afflicted their soules in vaine , Deut. 6. 7. Exod. 18. 24. Godlinesse is a iourney , there must be no fainting in it : and to leaue any good thing vndone euen for a moment is contrarie to perseuerance : indeede to begin , euery thing is pleasant , therefore for varieties sake many begin , but for the crosse dealing of the world they soone leaue off , and all the proofe is in the end . 3 We must be followers of God , if not in euerlastingnes , yet in long lastinges . What difference betweene eternitie , and a day or two ? If our reward be not lease-wise for one and twentie yeeres , but infinite , surely our seruice must not be by lease , it must not bee after the manner of Bethulia , a compositiō for fiue daies , but all the daies of our liues . Christ sweat euen blood . Oh he would not giue thee ouer in hel fire , and wilt thou giue him ouer in a fire of reedes ? 4 When wee see good men get new distinctions , as though they had not beene well taught before , it is a dangerous thing , Non perseuerrae ( I say ) noxium tibi . Ezech. 33. 13. Haue yee suffered so many things in vaine , saith Paul , Gal 3. 4. 2. Pet. 2. 20. Remember what it is to haue one diuell goe out of one , and to haue seuen to come in for it . It is a principle in the Ciuill law : Commonly in all things we haue faire beginnings , Ministers in their first day of ordination , on those daies wherein we receiue the Sacrament , when we are fasting , in affliction , in sicknes , or such like goodly promises and fat , but slender performance and leane . Nay , some doe not onely not perseuere , but they fall to worse : they will say one day , as a wretch spake : Gloria patri , and another day , & filio , and the third , & Sp. S. but for that , sicut crat in principio , they fall to their old bias again . This is like to Nebuchadnezzars image , the head is of gold , the breast of baser mettall , and so neerer the end , the worst still . The Papists call them that shrinke , worse then cloth that shrinketh but when it is wet . 5 We must not bee like Snailes , which push out a long paire of hornes , which being touched neuer so little , in they goe againe : wee must not be like to Ionathan , that is , follow the chase orderly vntill they come where honnie is ; wee must not be as Asa , 2. Chron. 15. carefull to doe good vntill the Goute take vs ; verse 16. and then bee so way ward that no man may speake a word to vs ; wee must not be such as can abide affliction for a while , but when skinne for skinne commeth , stand as though we were appalled : but wee must with Marie Magdalen sit at the Sepulcher , Ioh. 20. 11. Wee must with the Spouse , Cant. 3. 4. take hold , and not leaue off ; we must follow the suite as the widdow , Luc. 18. we must not giue ouer no more then the Cananite , Matth. 15. 22. wee must keepe our holde as Iacob did in his wrestling : we are in a course , we must out-runne . So runne ( saith the Apostle ) moderately at the first , constantly in the middest , cheerefully in the ende . So runne not to haue a vaine shoute for your first start , but to attaine the crowne . Stirre vp your selues , looke not backe : the Lord will haue all , not so much as the tayle of the sacrifice was wanting , Leuit. 22. We must doe not for a time onely , but euen our whole time . Somewhat Agrippa was perswaded of , but Paul woud haue it altogether done . Some would gladly saue a small portion with Saphyra : but that were to become Bethulians , termers for a time , and all hypocrites are loath to become simply and wholly , but they came with their so much , and so long : but let vs keepe an equall Tenor still . Isaiah is as zealous in his 66. chapter , as he is in his first . 6 We must labour to perseuere in persecution , Math. 10. 22. and beware by the falling away of many , Math. 24. 13. yea we must resist euen vnto death , Heb. 12. 4. So saith the Angell vnto the Church of Smirna . Apoc. 2. 10. We must keepe Gods name in our forheads , when Antipas is slaine before vs : wee must ride to heauen in a fiery chariot , and learne that euery mans worke shall be tried by fire . 1. Cor. 3. Vpon this theame the Apostles spent manie of their sermons , Act. 11. 23. Act. 13. 43. Act. 12. 22. Heb. 3. 12. 2. Pet. 1. 20. 1. Ioh. 2. 24. The Apostles warneth vs , 1. Cor. 15. 58. to be setled , not tottering : and Coloss , 1. 23. to be irremoueable : and Coloss. 2. 7. that we be rooted deepe , strongly built , and sticke closely vpon CHRIST , for he is the rocke : so when tempests come , we shall not be once moued . There be many impediments of this perseuering : some inward , as desire of nouelties , and sticking too much to reason , which will goe no further than shee sees likelihood , and the conscience of our vnworthines , whereby we despaire : some outward things hinder vs , as worldly cares : oppose here Gods prouidence : the multitude of back-sliders oppose the varietie of true beleeuers : the prosperitie of the wicked oppose , Psal. 37. Yet a little while and they are gone , and neuer seene againe . We must euer labour to grow from the greene tree of faith , to the maine tree of faith , that is , to the full assurance of faith . 7 There are two kindes of presuming , the one of Gods mercies , the other of our owne merits : the one is in carnall Protestants , the other in bold & proud Papists . For the first , wee knowe that Gods qualities be not separable : Moses saith , the Lord is readie to shewe mercie , so hee saith hee will punish the transgressor . Dauid sung a song of two parts , not of mercie alone , or of iudgement alone , but of mercie and iudgement together . But I maruell how these wretches dare adde sinne to sinne , when no one sinne shall go vnpunished , and how they dare presume of Gods mercie , vnder many sinnes , when God hath shewed his iustice to the dearest of his children for committing some one sinne . The Angels that conceiued but an opinion of pride , as some write , though they were almost as Gods , were for it cast downe to hell . Man , with whom the Lord was conuersant , with whom he talked and walked , to whom hee gaue the Lordship and soueraigntie ouer all earthly creatures , and with whom hee was familiar , for eating of the forbidden fruite was cast out of Eden . Moses and Aaron ( the mirrors and miracles of the world ) falling into Gods displeasure , were denied to enter into the promised Canaan . Dauid , who was honoured with the title of being a man after Gods owne heart , falling into sinne , fell out of God his fauour . But that which is aboue all , and ought to moue any man , Christ himselfe ( the glorie and image of his father ) could not escape the most bitter cup which he drunke of , though he begged it three times at the hands of his Father , because he became sinne for vs. And yet sinful men , bold sinners and presumptuous sinners , perswade themselues , that they shall escape the hand of God. But to leaue them , and come to the other , I marueile what they can challenge by workes , seeing whatsoeuer they doe , they are still debters , and therefore no deseruers . Let them therefore learne of their learned Doctors to know that they haue no merits but Christs mercies : and let them say with the ancient Fathers : This is our merite , that wee haue no merit . CHAP. LIII . Of Prosperitie , and Aduersitie , and of Griefe , and of the temptations incident to it . GOd by the multitude of his benefits warneth vs , and prepareth vs for some troubles and temptations to come : for surely he putteth not on the armour , but hee will also prouide for vs the battell . 2 Now it is no great thing to fauour the Gospell , because it is in fauour : but to embrace it in trouble , is of true loue , which wee may trie , if being in prosperitie wee can feele the miserie of others : for if we can reioyce in the prosperitie of the Church , though we be in miserie , if we can be moued and grieued with the miserie of the Church , though wee be in prosperitie ; this sheweth that our hearts are vpright , and that true zeale remaineth in them . 3 In prosperitie , if we vse our goods to our owne ease , and waxe carelesse , that is vnbeleefe : but if we giue God glorie , and waxe more carefull , this is an argument of true faith . Let vs then striue against infidelitie both in prosperitie and aduersitie , and trie our faith by these meanes : for if God worke in vs humilitie , in the abundance of his mercy , it is a signe of our faith : if in wants wee be disquieted , it argueth infidelitie : but if wee stay our selues vpon God , it is faith . 4 They that continue safe in prosperitie , by Gods grace shal perseuere in aduersitie : but I dare not warrant them safe in prosperitie , who haue beene safe in aduersitie . 5 The more prosperitie encreaseth to Gods children , the more they feare . 6 In prosperitie it is good to vse the song of Salomon , and in aduersitie the lamentations of Ieremiah . 7 God suffereth euill men to prosper in this world for two causes : first , that euery good man hauing in him some sinnes , might for his few euill things haue here a temporall punishment : and euery euill man hauing some good things , might be rewarded with temporall benefits . Secondly , God often chastiseth his , and suffereth the wicked , that it might be seene that good men serue not God for the things of this world , as Sathan reckoned by his account with Iob , as also for that the Lord maketh not his bookes cleere in this life , but reserueth the full and finall account vnto the last day of iudgement , wherein eueriething shall be fully recompenced , whether it be good or euill . 8 Wee must not marueile at wicked mens successe , it is no new thing . Iob saw it , and Dauid especially , Psal. 73. Zachar. 3. the followers of Iehosua the High Priest are monstrous persons . Paul doth expound it wil , calling them a gazing stock . And though God say , hurt not mine annointed , yet are they harmed : Elias for speaking against Ahab , and Iohn Baptist for telling Herod his sinne If Paul speake against the Idole of Diana , he is a seditious fellow . It was some thing no doubt , that made Moses so loath to goe to Pharaoh , when God sent him . To consider the troubles of the godly , it were enough to make Ieremiah write new bookes of Lamentations , to make Dauid sit him downe by the riuers of Babel : for the tower of Babel is higher than the hill of Sion . Poore little Isaac must goe to slaughter , while Ismael sits at home : good Iacob must bee set to keepe sheepe , whiles my Lord Esau rides on hunting . If you looke for Ioseph , you shall finde him in prison , Daniel in the Lions denne : and so it is true of all for the most part , yet I knowe it shall be well with them that serue God , 9 If we waste our strength and spend our prayers , and are not answered , wee suffer then some griefe in withstanding a secret sollicitation to mistrust . Griefe would faine haue ease , whereof it is , that it laboureth alwayes to lay it selfe open , and to moue pitie , it feareth nothing more then to be hidden . And for this cause nature hath giuen more helps to bewray this affection then any other , as heauines of the countenance , hanging of the forehead , mouing of the eyes , sighes and groanes . It teacheth eloquence , and maketh vs to change our speeches , and so wee learne to amplifie the causes of our woe . Hereof it commeth , why falling vpon the obiect of griefe , we are loath to depart from speaking of it , we double our speeches on that Theame . We know the matter of Ezeckias griefe forced his tongue to touch it twice : The tongue , the tongue shall praise thee , &c. When Christ spake words of doctrine and exhortation to Ierusalem , once to name it was enough : but when hee spake in an Argument of griefe , then he must needes say , Ierusalem , Ierusalem . Doe we not see how Dauid in his heauines dwelt vpon the name of Absolon ? Habacuc , chap. 2. hee strikes twice on one string , and speakes not onely to shew his minde , but to satisfie his griefe . 10 This griefe in it selfe is indifferent , in vs good or bad , according to the cause of it . If God would not haue vs grieued at all , why did he not frame our hearts of brasse ? or why were not wee hewed out of marble ? Indeede to be sorrowfull , where we should not , or to laugh where wee should weepe , this beseemes not wise men , much lesse Christian men to doe . Simplie to be grieued is not reproueable , but to be grieued out of Time , measure , or place , is fault worthy . When the light of the world began to be darkened by Eclipse , when the life of the world began to goe to the shadowe of death , women somwhat well affected , followed him bewailing him : But Christ told them , these teares wasted on him , might bee better spent on themselues . For ( saith hee ) the time will come when mothers shall thinke them most happy that are no mothers , and in this case * Teares shall bee the onely vent to ease your hearts , keepe them therefore against those dayes . So that griefe in some sort is sweete and allowable in the sight of God. Now that wee may discerne the better betweene sorrowes , let vs note there is a griefe of passion , and a griefe of compassion ; the first we sustaine in our selues , either vpon some euill present , or vpon some good thing absent : the other workes in vs vpon the estate of others , when we shall see the Sword of the prophane sheathed in the bowels of our owne brethren , who can make a doubt , that a good man might say with the Apostle , Rom. 9. I speake the truth , my conscience bearing me witnes in the holy Ghost , that I haue great heauines , and continuall sorrow . And if for others , shall we not much more be grieued for things in our owne persons ? Yes , for be it that a man were free from the griefe of indignation , wherewith Dauid so laboured ; be it that a man were free from the griefe of emulation , wherewith he also was tried ; be it that a man were free from the griefe of contrition , wherewith euen Dauid was exercised ; be it , I say , that a man were free from all these : yet from the griefe of a longing expectation in their prayers , how free or vnfree rather Gods children are , their sighes and sobs doe shew . We crie for aide , we seeke for helpe , and yet it is deferred , this is a great griefe , and this is an holy griefe . But marke how in our best affections , Sathan takes occasion by these things ( most good ) to draw vs to things most euill . 11 In suffering griefe we shall be prouoked to mistrust God , and therefore not in vaine was it spoken by our Sauiour Christ , to arme them against the griefe of his departure , Pray that ye ▪ fall not into temptation . Surely whatsoeuer our estate be here , Sathan will not leaue vs without some sollicitation to sinnes . Art thou in prosperitie ? say not in thy heart , ther 's is no God : The Phenix of the world by wealth became a wanton . Is the world in an vproare ? the Diuell if he can , will keepe thee without all feare . And of this an ancient Father complaineth , saying ; It is a dolefull thing to see , how honorable men of gray haires , were wholy in time of publike calamities giuen ouer to securitie , and that when destruction was imminent , when as much as all their liues were worth , did hang on one single thred . Nay he goeth further ; Mens iniquities grew vp with the punishment of iniquitie , as if their sin should feed still the punishment of sinne , so many of them did dye dallying , because they dallied with destruction . But if wee cannot come to this stupidirie , not to be moued at all , our case must be thought the happier , yet are wee not freed from as great a temptation as the former , for euen this leadeth vs along to another triall , and that is a temptation to distrust , if our sighes and grones haue not successe in things praied for . 12 There is no kinde of griefe voide of some speciall prouocation to euill . The griefe , which is least dangerous , is the griefe of compassion , for we cannot be too much touched with the miseries of our brethren ; and yet this griefe makes vs spare oftentimes where we should strike : but the griefe of our own sufferings is far more full of griefe . How many the griefe of indignation hath cast away , the histories shew by whole millions . The griefe of emulation , marke how it grieues the godly . Dauid sawe the wicked hauing their children dancing before their faces , and this chastised him euery morning , and see the downefall , whereunto it brought him , to say , I haue in vaine washed my hands in innocencie . Griefe of contrition is counted a godly griefe euen by Pauls own testimony , but into what extremities this godly griefe doth bring many , the number of afflicted consciences can shew and speake to the world . Nay the holiest griefe , the griefe of deuotion and longing for heauenly things , is not free from temptation , as wee may see in Habacucke , who seeing the delay of his prayers concludeth , Thou wilt not heare . This suggestion though it be once and againe expelled , yet the minde will grudge againe : though we haue once controlled and giuen a checke to such a sinne , yet must wee not thinke to bee quiet , but still Sathan is at the elbow with the same argument . With our conquest of our corruption wee must not hold our selues contented : and though wee giue one repulse , wee may receiue a double foile for it . But in this case a godly conscience dealing in a godly cause with his God may thinke : if I were an Idolater , the Lord might say , Goe to thy Gods in whom thou h●●st trusted , see if they will helpe thee , for thou hast refused mee , and cast mee behinde thy backe . If I were a murtherer , the Lord might say , thy hands are full of blood , and thy Sacrifice is an abhomination vnto me . If I were a blasphemer , the Lord might say , what hast thou to doe to call vpon mee , and to take my name in thy mouth , thou hast polluted my name , how should I take pleasure in thy prayers ? But when we see , wee simply protesting , as did Ezekiah ; Remember Lord how I haue walked before thee in truth , and with a perfect heart , and h●ue done that which is good in thy sight , and yet cannot bee heard , what a prouocation to temptation is this ? For we would thinke , if God will heare any , hee would heare the godly ; if euer he will heare , that hee would heare after long praying ; if any thing , when wee complaine of violence and miserie . But to crie , and a good man to crie , and to crie long , and to crie in extremitie , and yet no hearing , this is grieuous . From this griefe growes another temptation If I haue prayed so long and cannot be heard , what booteth it me to pray ? I will spare the labour , rather than labour without hope and helpe . 13 To be left when wee please our selues and take our pleasure in sinne , were a thing more easie ; but when wee shall begge on our bare knees , when the sorrow of sinne shall make our cheekes full of teares , when wee shall wrinkle our faces with weeping , and our throats shall grow hoarse with crying , and then be as forelorne and forsaken , is not this a sore assault ; what then in such a temptation may we doe ? We must ouercome griefe with patience and care out and burne out with this temptation by faith , and purge distrust in Gods promises by perseuerance in prayer . Griefe naturally is heauie , and lies as lead at the heart , and consequently presseth vs downeward , so that , if faith and prayer can keepe the heart , the hands , the voice , the eies vpward , it is apparant , that patience surmounteth griefe , and faith hath outrunne temptation . If despaire did possesse the heart , the verie naming of God would bee grieuous , yea though it were vttered by another . When then we cannot onely heare God named , but name him and call vpon his name by prayer , it shewes wee are yet children of hope hanging at the breast . As for the word , wherewith Gods Children and euen some of the Prophets haue seemed foolishly to charge God , we wust knowe , that they bee voide of passion not of perswasion , which thing is the more diligently to be marked to abate the rigou● of our censures , which we oft giue out vpon afflicted consciences . If a man shall lie down in his bed , commending himselfe into the hands of God by prayer : shal any man doubt , but his estate is of the Lord , and his safetie from God himselfe ? yet it falleth out , that the same man is striken with such feares in his dreame , that he giues out desperate speeches as a man forsaken of God ; will yee deeme that man rather by that sudden motion befalling him in his dreame , than by that continuall course , which hee kept being awake ? If you your selues would not bee iudged in that case , iudge not others in the like case , least it be measured to you , as you haue measured to others . CHAP. LV. Of Prosperitie . IOsephs example in drinking wine , is not an example of excesse , wherein wee commonly offend at this day , for that is condemned and iudgements are prepared for it . And want and such like too much austeritie is not commended , for why then should there bee such diuers tastes in meates ? And wine was giuen not onely to quench the thirst , but also to make the hearts of men glad : for which purpose all the other creatures serue also and therefore the children of Israel were commaunded to eate and to bee merrie before the Lord. The same may bee gathered out of the second of Iohn , where Christ , albeit they had well drunke at the mariage , yet chaunged the water into wine , which hee would not haue done , if so austere order should haue beene obserued . Although then wee may not pamper vp our bodies , yet may wee haue a due care of the same , and so distinguishing our libertie learne to abound and likewise to want : for if we can be content with the want of things , it is a signe wee should well vse them , if we had them , as in pouertie , nakednesse , losse of friends . Againe , if wee vse abundance of things well , it is like wee should also well beare the want of them , as a rich man to come to pouertie . Let vs therefore learne diligētly to search our hearts how we beare things present which we often let passe : and contrariwise in pouertie , imagine what we would doe if we were rich , and seeke not to beare pouertie well . Also being in quietnesse , wee imagine what we would doe in affliction , not seeking to deale well in the present estate . 2 Ioseph hauing forgiuen his brethren , as appeareth in thar hee wept for them , gaue them money , and curteously talked with them , and gaue them entertainment ; yet dealt hee roundly with them in trying out their repentance , because hee had attained to great wisedome , which herein he vsed , and also had a louing and pure affection ; yet his example we are not to follow in all respects , for he sustained the person of a Magistrate , and euery one must keepe himselfe within the bounds of his calling . Ioseph did beare the person of Christ in all this , where we learne , that although the Lord doe iustly afflict vs , yet wee may be sure our sinnes are alreadie forgiuen vs , as Ioseph dealt with his brethren . 3 Peace sometime is taken for a prosperous and quiet state in this life , as goe yee in peace : Sometime for quietnesse of conscience , but here it is taken for them both , and riseth wholy of the feeling of Gods mercies : we ought then to walke in the course of godlinesse , without feare ; and to assure our selues of the preseruation of this our state : all our happinesse then is in Christs mercies , and it should be our chiefe care continually to come to the feeling of them . But because peace cannot bee without the feeling of Gods mercies , and his mercies , without the feeling of our miseries , therefore none shall haue euer peace of conscience , or quietnes and ioy of those things which he possesseth , except hee hath first been touched with the feeling of his miseries . The worldly rich men then haue not this peace , for they know they are but vsurpers , because they bee not liuely members of Christ , who was of his Father made heire of al things . Againe , the godly though they be in great want , yet haue all things because they haue the peace and quietnesse of their conscience , they do then preposterously , which first lay vp for them and their children the riches of this world , and doe not seeke the kingdome of heauen . The word saluation ought to make a difference betweene vs and the Heathen , which say , health and peace is all with them , but let vs be content with that which the Apostle vsed , and neither follow the Heathen , nor inuent courtly tearmes of our selues . 4 God is debter to none , & therefore he sheweth mercie vpon whom he wil , against the Papists which say that the lord predestinateth euery one according to the fore knowledge of his workes . If the Lord shew lesser mercies to vs than to others , wee haue no cause to complaine , because he is no debter : so wee must not enuie then that haue great gifts , for if we haue any , it is more than due , or than wee haue deserued : and this will teach vs to be contented with that we haue had . Let vs then looke on that wee haue , and giue God thankes for it , and know that if we should haue more , he would giue more : yea if wee consider , that they that haue much , must make the greater account , and that we are vnfit to doe so , wee will thanke God that wee haue no more than we haue . Iacob willeth his sonnes , that they should not measure the grace of God by outward signes : for albeit it bee a punishment to loose them , yet wee shall neuer rest soundly in God , vnlesse wee can learne to leaue them . Secondly , whereas Iacob saide that they should looke for the performance of Gods promise quickly , but in the Lords time : hereby we learne to looke safely for whatsoeuer is promised in the word , as that we be heires of the world , though we be afflicted in it . Againe , he giueth that which hee neuer possessed , for hee had but onely a burying place there , and yet this portion fell to them , Io● 14. 4. Wee learne then to striue to be strong in the faith , as the Fathers were . 5 In this did the saith of Iacob and Ioseph notably appeare , that they neither forgot the promsed land ; nor thought worse of it for all the prosperitie which they had in Egypt , nor the paines which they suffered in Canaan . Where note that both prosperitie and aduersitie drawe vs neere to God , if wee haue once receiued the Spirit of God ; but without that in their owne nature , they are forcible to drawe vs away from God : as may bee seene in the Israelites , who for all their trobles in Aegypt , could not bee brought to the Lord : let vs learne then to glorifie God in our owne present estate , and to vse that well : and then shall wee bee prepared to ●eare well whatsoeuer commeth . Iacob at his death giueth his Sonnes that which hee himselfe had neuer the possession of , which declared his faith grounded on the word : for he● faith , God said thus ▪ Thus must we beleeue when wee haue the word though it seeme ridiculous , but wee must not beleeue without the word . CHAP. LVI . Of Prophecie and Preaching . THe office of a Prophet is not onely to foretell things , although many did so ; ( the grosse vnderstanding whereof hath put downe our prophecies ) but also to teach to pray , and plainly to interpret with a fit application to the people , by the reuelation of the Spirit , 1. Corinth 24 Genes . 18. and 19 Number 11. Deu● 18. 1. Sam. 12. This reuelation commeth sometimes by meanes , sometimes extraordinarily , but alwayes spirituallay : for this difference is betweene prophecying and teaching , that a man may teach that he hath learned in the Schooles , but the other hath a further reuelation of the Spirit : to applie the word to times and persons fitly , that euery one may haue his portion . Reuelation is ordinarie or extraordinarie ; ordinarie when hee spiritually speaketh of the word , as the word of God , with power deuiding it aright ( as the Apostle Pau● saith ) If any be spirituall , let him vnderstand what I say . Extraordinarie , when by some reuelation of Gods Spirit , hee can note and specifie the time , or manner , or place of Gods threatnings ▪ here againe I say as the Apostle saith : If any be spirituall let him consider what I say , and the Lord giue them vnderstanding : yet this is not to bring in the reuelations of the Familie of loue , or any other Heretikes , which dreame of such things as are not in , and according to the word . 2 To receiue a Prophet in the name of a Prophet , is effectually to profit by their doctrine : for all things are written for our learning : so are all gifts which God bestoweth vpon others . 3 As they that receiue a Prophet in the name of a Prophet , shall receiue a Prophets reward : so he that is receiued in the name of a Prophet , must performe the dutie of a Prophet . 4 It is one thing to speake daily by meditation , and to beate vpon the consciences as a Pastour , and another thing to set downe a thing with iudgement and deepe studie , as a Doctour must doe . 5 There are three kindes of false Prophets . The first teacheth false doctrine . The second teacheth true doctrine , but applieth it falsely . The third teacheth and applie well , but liue ill . 6 It is good to preach according to the state of a mans owne conscience , vnlesse wisedome require a consideration to be had of the time , person , and place . 7 Pastors were not able to deuoure their great paines to the people , vnlesse they should consider what paines Christ deuoured for them : and that their paines may bee the more profitable , as the Pastor or Preacher should pray for the people : so in like sort the people should pray for the Preacher . 8 We care not though the Lord accuse or condemne neuer so much , so he doth it in another court and touch vs not . So long as Ieremy prophecied against Edom , against Moab , against Ammon , or against mount S●ir , so long presently after the threatnings , the people would goe to the Church , & they were willing enough to heare the burthens of the Lord so long as it concerned not Iudah and Ierusalem : but when he came to the burthen of Iudah and Ierusalem , then they say the Lord hath not sent thee , thou art taught to speak euil , &c. Wherefore wee must bring our selues to this , to bee as glad to heare , and with as great patience , the action of the Lord commenced against vs , as against any other . And we may note it as a fault and marke of false Prophets , to prophecie against other countries , and to be full of generall tearmes , but to come to particulars , that they were loth to speake , and others were loth to heare . Being at Samaria , they speake against Ierusalem : and being at Ierusalem , they speake against Samaria : being at Bethel , they prophecie against Gilgall : and when they are at Gilgall , they speake against Bethel : at Dan against Sheba , at Sheba against Dan. This is a sinne of false Prophets , the true Prophets doe not so . 9 The honour of a Prophet is not from the breast of his Mother , it is not so materiall , who was his father , as who was his teacher . In whom chiefly is to bee considered , what the Prophet speaketh , & how . The Prophets did somtimes threatē , sometimes promise , sometimes comfort , sometimes reprooue , but this they did rather as teachers than Prophets , as whose proper function specially was in speaking of future things , we doe not so much imbrace good things ▪ as wonder at strange things . The Prophets spake that by inspiration , which they knew by reuelation , God disposing both their words and writings , so that all that they spake and wrote , they did but as instruments from God ; so great a difference is there betwixt our speeches and theirs . Though we conceiue exquisitely , how long are wee before we can speake ? And when we haue meditated wel , doe not our tongues falter in our mouthes ? Though our tongues vtter most the puritie of knowledge , when wee vtter the wisedome of God ; yet when herein we adde much indeuour , how sore we grieue our hearers , sometimes by obscuritie , sometimes by vnsauorie , and sometimes by vnseemly speeches ? In things of arte or reason , be they Prophets , bee they Apostles , be they Euangelists , or be they Pastors , they may be deceiued . Was not Moses counselled by his father in law Iethro ? Was not Peter conuicted of error by Paul ? Was not some of the Prophets conuicted by Ieremiah and Ezechiel ? But how then are the bookes of the Prophets so generally allowed ? Answere is , that the Prophets were exempted from all possibilitie of errour in those things which they receiued by diuine reuelation , indeede they must be voide of errour , because God teaching them immediatly euery word and writing is voide of errour . But how shall wee know , that these their bookes were of such diuine reuelation , and deliuered from God himselfe ? We must know , that the certaine knowledge hereof to the prophets was one , and to the hearers was another . The Prophets by vision most certainly knew , that the things they deliuered were from God. The knowledge and certaintie of these things were confirmed to the hearers by miracle , and oracle : by miracle the persons of the Prophets were authorized ( for without doing of miracles , they were accounted of as the sonnes of the Prophets , not as Prophets ) , by oracle their bookes were tried by offering them to the view of other of the Prophets , and of the Priests , who asking counsell of God for the w●r●ant of them , were answered by oracle from God. 10 Another scruple is yet to be answered , whether the Prophets did speake these things being in themselues , or as rapt out of themselues . True it is , the Heathen Prophets did speake things to others onely , the Prophets of God did otherwise , as they that were themselues rauished and affected with the things giuen out to others . The promises of God by them deliuered , were as honey in their owne mouthes , so sweetly were they mooued with them : the threatnings denounced abroad , left a sharpe sting in their owne bowels , and made themselues to tremble ; the word of obedience taught to others , bound them as straightly , as if others had been the teachers of that word , and they to be taught by it . Seeing then this is the certaintie and dignitie of the writings of the Prophets , is it not strange that the Prophets , at whose doores and thresholds , stood Princes and Gouernours in times past to aske counsell , should now of euery meane person be either wholie contemned , or re●chlesly receiued , whē they are read or interpreted ? Though the greater thing is to do , yet the first thing is to learne . For as hearing without doing addeth to our confusion , so doing without knowledge , is neither acceptable to God , nor profitable for vs. Let vs not therefore heare only or heare vanitie , let vs not heare the Preachers as we heare Minstrels , least that when we should be old men in knowledge , and children in malice , wee become old men in malice , and remaine as children in vnderstanding . 11 It is a greater thing in a Pastour to deale wisely and comfortably , with an afflicted conscience , and soundly and discreetly to meete with an Heretike , than to preach publikely and learnedly . 12 He said to some dwelling in a place where the word was preached : Oh consider it is the easiest thing to heare , it is the painfullest thing to preach the Gospell . The sitting of one houre , receiueth a fruite vnto immortalitie : for howsoeuer men thinke the Ministers of God to speake euen whatsoeuer commeth into their mouthes ; it is not so , they speake that which many yeeres they haue studied for , earnestly they haue prayed for , which by experience they haue bought , and by a painfull life dearely payed for . If a Prince should giue out by portion a mint of money for the fetching , who would spare to goe ? The Lord offereth the mint of his mercie , to bee deuided to them that will but heare , and beleeue it , and no man almost regardeth it . 13 We must not so presse the Law , that we suppresse the Gospell in mens consciences . 14 All applications of doctrine must be referred to one of these heads . 1 To teach and establish true opinions . 2 Or to consute false opinions . 3 Or to correct euill manners . 4 Or to frame good manners . 5 Or to comfort withall . The first foure are set downe in this text : the whole Scripture is giuen by inspiration of God and is profitable . First to teach . Secondly , to conuince . Thirdly , to correct . Fourthly , to instract inrighousnes , &c. 2. Tim. 3. 16. The fift and last in this text : Whatsoeuer things are written afore time , are written for our learning , that we through Patience , and comfort of the Scriptures might haue hope , Rom. 15. vers . 4. These thigns are profitable , saith the Apostle to Timothie . And these things are written for our learning , saith the same Apostle to the Church of the Romanes , therefore by these things we must onely profit and onely learne by these : for as application is a concluding of one thing out of another ; so these are the fiue heads from which all application must flow , and he that thus speaketh , attaineth to the purpose of S. Paul , as elsewhere ●e noteth . He that prophecieth speaketh vnto men , to edifying , to exhortation and to comfort , 1. Cor. 14 ▪ 3. That is to say , applieth the vse of his doctrine to edification , exhortation , and comfort . 15 The meanes to increase our faith , is the word preached , prayer , the Sacraments , and the discipline of the Church . The word crucifieth thee a new in thine heart . Prayer giueth thee a feeling of thy faith . The Sacraments confirme both thy faith , and feeling ; and discipline continueth vs in obedience both of the word and prayer , and the Sacraments ; and consequently , is a meanes to continue in vs al those comforts , which by the other meanes are to be found in Christ. 16 The word of God is as a Glasse , it blusheth not to tell our faults ; yet great infirmities haue beene in them , that should carrie this glasse . Moses foreseeing his cold entertainment in the faith , saith . Exod ; 4. Mitte quem missurus . As Ionah when he should haue carried the Glasse of Gods word , and of the peoples sinnes , sayled from Niniuie flat East , to Tharsis , flat West . Nathan 2. Sam. 12. Though Dauid was a man easie to be spoken to , made off notwithstanding a good while , vntill the king had made the premises himselfe , he would make no conclusion . To come to our times , some there be , that doe not onely sow pillowes , but draw Curtaines , and spread Couerlets ouer mens sinnes . Others there are , that for gaine will runne apace , and yet with Balaam will neither blesse nor curse . Some there are , that doe conceiue and are readie to bring forth , yet they cannot be deliuered . Others there are , who very softly and easily doe their dutie , as Elie did to his children , 1. Sam. 2. Others there be that speake with some courage , but keepe a loofe and in a generalitie . Lastly , some there are , who can and will particularize duties : but when they spare some , either rich or noble , these can be very hot & vehement against those that be absent . CHAP. LVII . Of Gods prouidence . EVery one that leadeth a godly life , and trusteth in God his Prouidence , shall finde that in extreame dangers he will put such things into their mindes , that they shall be cheered and comforted , when others shall be disquieted and deiected . This we may see in the parents of Moses , because they beleeued , and led a godly life , Heb. 11. This is the blessing , but the wicked shall want this good issue : for the Lord will punish their wickednes in such a case ; as appeareth in the time of the glorious Martyrs , who liued well before , and in their deaths were crowned , but Apostataes had their former hypocrisies punished , and in such danger they shall not know what to doe : but the godly trusting in Gods prouidence , if they haue a way to escape , shall haue their life for a prey , but if they want this way , yet they will offer themselues a sacrifice to the Lord. 2 When Moses and the rest of the children of Israel had receiued some good handsell of the goodnes of God in his prouidence ouer them , they gathered thereupon that the Lord would neuer faile them , nor forsake them , till he had brought them to his habitation ; which should teach vs to doe the like , for strengthning our faith in his goodnes , by keeping continually as it were a beadroll of his benefits already receiued of him , least by letting the olde slip out of our mindes , which should make vs thankfull , we neuer receiue the new , whereof we are so carefull . 3 As the roote of all sinne is in our soule , so the beginning of all diseases is in our bodies . And as there is no sinne which we should not fall into if the Lord leaue vs ; so is there no disease which should not come vpon vs , vnlesse he preserue vs. For when his prouidēce watcheth not ouer vs , we are ready to fall into all miserie . It is not in our selues to keepe our good name from euill reports , our minds from disquietnes , our estate from pouertie , &c. This if it were beleeued and felt , it would both make vs thankful & continue in prayer , not only in the want of such things we desire , but also in the abundance of those we enioy : For man liueth not by bread onely , neither is it care can make vs rich , nor our owne deuises bring quietnes to our mindes : but it is the Lord , who in his prouidence worketh all in all , which must alwaies be acknowledged of vs , to the end we may make vse of all things in any estate , to the glory of his name , and the good of our brethren . 4 We may trie our faith in Gods prouidence by this , as we vse the meanes to come to earthly things , so for this we must vse the word and prayer , Psal. 119. part . 22. If then we esteeme not of the word , and find no comfort in prayer , Psal. 32. we can neuer esteeme of his prouidence : we can neuer say in truth , God giueth vs all things . 5 The Lord oftentimes in his wise prouidence helpeth the wicked , and such as are vnworthie , and in steade of punishments which they doe deserue , he sendeth blessings when they crievnto him for them . From which we may gather , that if he heare the wicked , much more will he graunt the desire of such as feare him . If hee remit the vngodly , much more them that in truth of heart serue him , for he dealeth not with vs as our deserts are , as euery man may feele : but he doth good both to the godly and the wicked , & that to diuers ends ; to the godly , to hyre them from their sinnes ; to the wicked , that after hee may confound them without excuse . Therefore if when the Lord forbeareth , we be touched in heart to repent , this is the worke of Gods spirit , the cōfort thereof will abide for euer : but if when he forbeareth , we thinke our sinnes are lesse , and so harden our hearts , then are wee to feare that vtter confusion is at hand . 6 The Lord neuer forsaketh his , but in all dangers he will prouide though all meanes faile , onely let vs belieue his prouidence , and so will he giue vs our hearts desire , if it stand with his glorie , or else if we desire that which standeth not with his glorie , yet let vs belieue that he is our FATHER in CHRIST , and he will recompence the outward wants with a spirituall blessing . 7 We may reade in Exodus 17. 7. that the Israelites through distrust , doubted whether God was among them , because they saw not such visible signes of Gods presence and fauour as they would . With the like doubt our Sauiour Christ was tempted by the diuel , Luc. 4 who laboured to make him doubt , whether he were the Sonne of God , because he wanted some things which were needful for this life : wherby we may learne to know our own corruption , how ready we are to iudge , as the Israelits did , because we s●e not such ordinary helps as we and other of Gods children haue at sometimes had : but we are to correct this in ourselues , and on the contrarie to thinke that God is amongst vs , and with vs , although we see some tokens of his anger . Thus do we reason in religion . Is this true religion , seeing there be so many diuersities of iudgments , such little godlines , it is like it is not , but rather we are to looke for some other : so we reason in the common-wealth . Is this gouernment good , which bringeth so great hurly burlies , and so great troubles : so in mariage , when contentions and temptations do arise , then they thinke they were not ioyned together by God : so in euery kind of trouble , we iudge of the presence and prouidence of God by our outward sense & feeling . This is the policie of the diuel , to cause men either to sink downe in despaire , or else to be impatient , & at the least to murmur . But to preuent this , these are some remedies following . The first , that we looke to the word , and when we see that religion hath alwaies had troubles , and so shall haue still , then shall we straightwaies see that our iudgement is fleshly . Secondly , whē we see that many of Gods children in the world , as Iob and others had trouble in their mariage , and yet that it was of God , then shall we learne that our iudgement is not according to the spirit . Then let vs consider that the diuel doth herein exercise policie to ouerthrow our mariage , & we shal be wary to auoide them . And if many haue been in this state , & yet the Lord hath not left them , why should we yeeld to the temptation of Sathan , who would perswade vs that our case is worse ? Thirdly , we must looke to the former mercies of God , which we haue felt . If we haue once felt them , then though we haue not alwaies the like feeling , yet we must not thinke that he hath forsaken vs , so that experience of former mercies must be our strength herein , if we haue been in as great danger as now we are , and euen then he helped vs , why should we doubt ? Fourthly , we must consider that many of Gods children are and haue been so , and therefore we must take heede that in our rashnesse we do not condemne them . We must not therefore iudge thus , vnlesse we will be hurtfull to our selues , and iniurious to our brethren . 8 Moses was commanded to take the same staffe with which he stroke the red sea , and therewith to strike the stonie rocke , to giue the Israelites water to drinke , to teach thē that the Lord was as well able to bring water where it is not , as to stay the course thereof where it is . This ought they to haue considered , and then would they not in other things haue doubted . If we wil auoid the like distrust , we must remember the former works of God , & then labour to be garded in the hope of euerlasting life , the resurrection of the body , and the forgiuenes of sins , that so we may be sure he will be good to vs still . And , as the chiefe helpe of al these , let vs labour to be throughly perswaded of our iustificatiō through Iesus Christ & the rising againe to euerlasting life , which if we be surely grounded in , then shall we not doubt of Gods prouidence ; but on the contrarie , if we labour not against fidelitie in these articles of our faith , we shall neuer resist vnbeleefe in Gods prouidence . 9 When the daughter of Pharaoh went of purpose to wash her selfe , it might seeme to be fortunate , and a thing that happened by chance : but if we look into the euent , we might see the hand of God in it : and his most wise and mighty prouidence therein , for the preseruation of Moses , whō he was cast out by great cōstraint of his owne mother . From whence we may learne the tender loue and most prouident care which the Lord hath ouer his Church , to defend it from danger , and to preserue it from perill ; yea , and rather than it should perish or miscarie , he wil so prouide that the very enemies thereof shal succour and nourish the same , as Moses was , who was brought vp in Pharaohs house : in which example we must needs see the wondrous worke of God , as appeareth , in that Pharaoh his daughter neuer doubted , nor questioned with his sister , & gaue him a name that might continue to posteritie , gaue him to his owne mother to be nouised , that he might , as it were , sucke religion out of her breasts , & be wained in the same , rewardeth her for her paines : wherein we see how the Lord doth crowne the worke of his children , and their faith : for Moses mother had not onely the thing which she desired , but also a reward ; wherein appeareth the great and exceeding mercy of the Lord. God is the same now as then he was , he will neuer faile those that trust in his mercy through Christ , and obtaine forgiuenes of their sins , studie and striue continually to serue him , euen in their hearts , and patiently , and constantly waite vpon his fatherly prouidence . But he will alwaies watch ouer them for good and not for euill , and in what distresses soeuer they are , he will make a way out , and giue comfortable deliuerance in his due time . CHAP. LVIII . Of Prayer and Meditation . IT is the nature of all men , neuer to come to God wholy , till they be destitute of all helpe , but then they wil crie to God as the Israelites did . The Israelites cried often , because of some miserie , and not because of sinne , and therefore we are not heard : but when they saw their sin , and came vnto God , then they were heard : so God will come quickely though he tarie long : quickly , that is when we are fit , & do pray with feeling : long , because of our vnfitnesse , and our want of feeling , and continue not in wayting . Let vs obserue this in all crosses , as if any sicknes he long vpon vs , it is because we haue not profited by it in feeling our sins in humilitie of hart , in prayer to God : therefore he is long , but when we haue thus profited , then will be come , either to take away the crosse , or to recompence the same with inward comfort : and this may euery one of Gods children claime at Gods hands , when they haue well profited by the crosse . 2 Prayer is so acceptable and honorable a thing in the sight of God , that oftentimes it is taken for the whole worship of God contained in the word , as Genes . 4. 26. and 12. 8. 1. Cor. 1. 2. 2. Tim. 2 19. And in our English tōgue we vse this phrase of going to prayers , yea , our Sauiour Christ calleth the Church a house of prayer , and yet Christ knew , and we see , that it is a place of hearing the word , administring the Sacraments , & vsing of Discipline . By the way let vs see how it commeth to passe , that few care to heare the word , fewer to receiue the Sacraments , & fewest of al to come vnder Discipline ; and yet al or the most , shew themselues friends to prayer , yea the heretikes in other matters sundred from vs in this point , agree with vs. It is God his goodnesse so to ratifie the vse of praier . Neither are we to thinke that prayer , and the word are diuorced , but goe hand in hand as in a league , Rom. 10. 15. He speaketh of praier , Psal. 14. of the word , Eccl. 4. 17. hearing prepareth vs for praying , Psal. 95. 6. The Prophet stirreth vp the Church to prayer , Psal. 7. To the hearing of the word . As it is a dutie in the people to vse both : so the Minister vseth both , 1. Sam. 12. 18. Samuel prayeth , vers . 24. & preacheth to the people , Act. 6. 4. The Apostles finding themselues troubled with the ordinary ministerie of tables , ordained new officers , that they might giue themselues to continuall prayer , and to the ministration of the word , 1. Tim. 2. The Apostle giueth precepts both of the word and prayer , both to pastors and people . 3 And necessarie it is , that the word should rectifie vs before we approch to prayer , because comming vnprepared , and in the guiltines of our sinne , we cannot be heard , Matth. 7. 21. and. 15. 8. 9. Psal. 145. 18. Psal. 34. 15. 16. and 66. 18. Iam. 1. 6. & 5. 15. 2. Tim. 2. 19. And surely this point is needfully to be vrged in our time , wherein men are cold entertainers of the word , & if they go vnto Church to pray a little , they thinke themselues very religious . Experience will proue , that ignorant and superstitious persons wil much commend prayer , but neuer call for preaching : On the contrarie , come to them that haue knowledge , and be truely religious , and yee shall obserue that they will more willingly heare and continue in hearing , than they will pray & continue in praying . And I doe appeale to the consciences of Gods children , who know that prayer is rather a trauel of the hart , than a labour of the lips , whether to giue God the glory , and to shame themselues , they must needes confesse that they had rather heare the word two houres , than continue in serious prayer one halfe houre . But let vs learne that there be some exercises do more strengthen iudgement , than stir affection , and yet in part doe rouse vp affections too , as hearing , reading , and conferring ; some other more neerely worke vpon the affection , and yet withal inlighten the iudgement also , as praying , singing , and meditating . It is easie to renue or increase knowledge by hearing . It is hard to set a worke not onely the eye , the eare , and the hand , but to trauaile with our mindes also , our affections and hearts , setting all in humble frame of holy subiection in the presence of God. 4 And no maruell though our nature be so hard to pray , as thinking it a thing painfull , seeing among many exercises it is most profitable . The word maketh knowne to vs the riches of Gods loue , and strengtheneth faith : praier feeleth the power of it , and cōfirmeth with feelings . The word telleth vs that God hath a care of his people , prayer proueth that God hath a care of his people . The word saith , God is merciful : prayer findeth by practise that God is mercifull . The word speaketh of the maiesty , power , and goodnes of God : praier obtaineth the exprience of the maiesty , power , and goodnes of God. If a man commeth to knowledge , faith , and comforts by hearing , it is rather an infusion from God into man , than an action proceeding from a man to God : but if we tast of the power of these things by praier , as there is an infusion from God as the author , so there is an action from man as the agent & instrument . This gift of praier is also a nurse of repentance , because our praiers looke with bloody cheekes , as ready to blush , when with guiltie consciences we come before the Lord. If we should haue a suite to a prince , we would be loth he should haue a iust complaint of our rebellion to lay against vs , for feare of repulse or of a worse thing , we would not willingly haue our accuser stand before him , whē we are suters vnto him : much more are we to feare our hypocrisie , if we presume in wilful disobedience , to pray vnto the prince of the spirits , and searcher of all mens hearts . And if we can be bold to pray in the hypocrisie of our hearts to such a God ; we must needs either be abashed without comfort , or astonied without feeling , we shall find our praiers either accused , or accursed , or both . 5 Although there was but a weake faith in Moses , when he prayed , yea though it seemed rather to be an expostulation than a prayer , Exod. 5. 22. 23. yet the Lord respected his faith , and pardoned his infirmitie , Exod. 6. 1. 2. 3. &c. So great is the Lord in mercy , and readie to heare those that call vpon him though in weaknes , which may not onely serue to moue vs to pray , but also assure vs that the Lord will heare vs. 6 If any would know a true faith then , trye it by one speciall fruit thereof : if our faith moueth vs to prayer , it is true : and so much faith , so much prayer , which will take away doubting , and confirme vs more in Gods goodnes . Where are confuted those which say , if Gods prouidence rule ouer all , what needeth praier ? For then had Moses , and the children of Israel prayed in vaine : and Dauid saith , Psal. 34. The Lords care is open to our prayers . But if the promises of God , whereon our faith is grounded , make vs to refraine prayer from the Lord ; it is manifest we are too secure , and carnally minded : we are to feare that our faith is false . 7 In that the Lord heard Moses in prayer , wee may aslu●e our selues that hee will also heare vs ; for from a particular example may be gathered a generall doctrine , as is euident by the like gathering of Iam. 5. of the prayer of Eliah : so that we shall either haue that we couet , or else some spirituall recompence ; onely this let vs care for , that we be righteous , faithfull , and continue in prayer , and then shall we haue comfort in our selues . For reading getteth knowledge , but prayer is that , that getteth feeling and experience . 8 Notwithstanding the Lord had promised by the mouth of Moses , that hee would giue deliuerance to the Israelites , yet hee ceaseth not ( although hee was surely perswaded that the Lord would performe his promise , to pray for the same , and that in most hartie and seruent affection : euen so did Eliah , when he prayed for raine , which hee knew would certainely be , which teacheth vs first , that Gods promises doe not make such as feare him to be carelesse , but carefull to vse the meanes . Secondly , that faith will alwaies shew it selfe in prayer , & the stronger faith is , the more vehement shall be our praier . It is said , that Moses cried and yet he did not speake a word , so the holy woman Hannah , 1. Sam. 1. 5. prayed in the very bitternes of her spirit , yet vttered not a word , which teacheth vs that the hartie prayer onely pearceth the cloudes and is heard of God , and the voice is no further heard , than the vehemencie of the spirit doth cause it . For as the bullet out of the Gunne , or an arrow out of a bow , so out of the abundance of our heart must our prayers proceede . Therfore the voice may be vsed in priuate prayers , to stirre vp the affections , and to keepe the minde from wandering , and in publicke prayers , because God will bee glorified in soule and bodie , and that others may be edified ; but both publikely and priuately , it is the heart onely that is accepted . 9 The refuge of Moses was by prayer to flie vnto the Lord , and this is the manner and dealing of all the deare children of God , not to keepe close their griefe within themselues , but by prayer to make it knowne vnto their God , that in him they may finde helpe . If wee then , when griefe oppresseth vs , can pray vnto the Lord and make knowne our requests vnto him , we may haue hope , that in his good time he will deliuer vs : but if our griefe doe so trouble vs , that it causeth vs to fret so , that we can seeke no helpe for it , or else doe in our owne strength fight against it , there is small hope of our deliuerance . 10 Moses praved sometime very vnperfectly , and yet then the Lord heard him , which teacheth vs that the Lord doth greatly like of prayer , yea though it bee after a stuttering manner , as Hannah praied in the Temple ; or if it he but a chattering , as Ezechias prayed in his sickenes : yet if it be in the bitternes of the soule , and in the vprightnes of the heart , the Lord doth like of it very well . It is not the fine words , nor the well framed sentences that he delighteth in ; he is then wel pleased with our praiers , whē in the vprightnes of our hearts wee offer them vp vnto him , and when the Spirit by working vnspeakeable grones in our hearts , doth make our requests known vnto God. Onely let vs looke for the perfection of our praiers in Christ , let vs still rebuke our selues , and stirre vp our hearts to gather confidence , that we may come more cheerefully vnto praiers , as Dauid did , saying : Why art thou so heauie O my soule ? And then may we be sure that such praiers are very well pleasing in his sight . And here there appeareth a special difference between the vnbeleeuing Israelites and the faith of Moses , they looked on the drie earth and vnto Moses , where they could haue small hope of redresse , but they forgot the Lord : therefore they murmured when they should haue prayed . Contrariwise : Moses forgot them , and so escaped murmuring ; he looked vnto the Lord , and so fel to prayer . This is a certaine note of true faith , when at the first time that trouble doth oppresse vs , wee can yet powre out our complaints into the Lords bosome , and by prayer looke for helpe from aboue . And although we can find no fruit of our prayers , yea though we thinke that our praiers be turned into sinne , yet if we can continue in prayer and be diligent therein , if we can euen then also heare the word , when wee can receiue no comfort thereby , yea though it euer rebuke vs and seeme to make our cōdemnation knowne vnto vs , if wee can abide our selues to bee touched , and continue our care to heare the word still , if we can doe these things , it is a notable token of true faith and the great worke of Gods good spirit doth shewe it selfe herein ; yea and that more liuely than when a man hath comfortable feeling . 11 It is a speciall fauour of the Lord , when he giueth such Ministers or Magistrates as will pray for the people ; for so they may see , that he will not punish them as he ought , but yet forbeareth them . We see in Psalm 106. That by the prayer of Moses and Phineas , the Lords wrath was stayed , and Samuel prayed for the people . Therefore Ministers and Magistrates ought to labour euen by praying , and doing good for the people , that euen for their sakes the Lord may spare them , though they haue deserued to be punished . Contrariwise , it is a signe ▪ of Gods wrath ▪ when hee withdraweth the hearts of Ministers and Magistrates from the people , and that they cannot doe them good . 12 The lifting vp of the hands , is taken sometimes for prayer it selfe , the signe for the thing it selfe : so the speech is vsed , Psal. 141. 2. Let the lifting vp of my hands bee as an Euening sacrifice . And in Tim. 2. 6. I will that men lifte vp pure hands in euery place : Where we see , that the truth of the things is ioyned neerly with the signe . For if a man haue not an heart , his lifting vp of hands is nothing ; but if the heart be thoroughly mooued , then also will the eye be lifted vp : yet we doe lift vp our eyes , that our hearts thereby may be the better lifted vp : and our eye doth not wander , nor our care doth harken after other things , but our hearts haue first wandered . 13 When Moses preuailed with the Lord by prayer , then did he also preuaile against his enemies . S. Iames saith , The prayer of a righteous man preuaileth much , if it be feruent : So that if he be not a righteous man that prayeth , or if the righteous mans prayers are not feruēt , it will not preuaile . As S. Iames therefore gathereth a generall of a particular , so may we gather , that if we be feruent in prayer , then we shall preuaile : but if we be not feruent , we can haue no hope . And that is the cause that in our matters we bring not our purpose to passe , because we are cold in praier , or trust too much to our owne wisedome , or such like . Therefore in what matter soeuer we haue in hand , if we do first seeke to God by prayer in feruencie as did the men of God herein , then shall we preuaile as well as euer they did . 14 Those things which wee heare and reade , are other mens , vntill by applying them to our selues by Meditation they be made ours . 15 As reading , hearing , and conferring of the word , do more encrease knowledge then feeling : So praying , singing , and meditating , doe more increase feeling then knowledge . 16 It is not certaine how long after his sacrifice and prayer Iacob receiued comfort , and therefore we see that the comfort of the Spirit doth not alwayes depend vpon the meanes , neither is bound thereunto , but sometime cōmeth long after the vsing of them . As Christ saith of the Husbandmen , that they sowe , and looke long after for the fruites of the earth : which may teach vs comfort , for that our prayers are neuer in vaine , but alwayes graunted though sometime long after : and here are those corrected which looke for comfort immediately vpon their requests , not knowing that sinne is the cause why wee receiue not when we aske , and for that we vse not the meanes aright : this also trieth our obedience , if we will with patience continue vsing the same meanes , though presently we feele not the fruite of them , and learne with Marke and the Apostles , to lay vp things in our hearts : to trie what will come of them afterward . Iacobs vision is not a bare and mute thing , but is ioyned with the word , and teacheth that all comfort must come out of the word : and therefore what comfort by Sacraments , visions , apparitions , and such like , doth not leade vs to the word ? nor worke in vs greater obedience to the same , nor giueth vs some victory ouer sinne , that is vaine and proceedeth of error . It is Faith in the Promises , that worketh in vs obedience : and therfore in euery commandement there is a promise , either vnderstood or expressed : for the law is spirituall , and requireth a spirituall obedience , which we cannot performe because we be carnall , and by nature disobedient , except the Lord do minister grace vnto vs. 17 Violence ( as it were ) must be vsed in the heart , when we pray : because it is the heauie iudgement of God , that verball prayers bring vs to great blockishnes . 18 It is good to reade before prayer , to the better preparing of our hearts thereunto . 19 Where prayer wanteth , the action of sinne is as ready as the temptation . 20 Generally , we must desire Gods mercies greedily : but particularly wee must aske them conditionally , and with affection as well to leaue the thing asked as to haue it . 21 Manie are barren in grace , because they are barren in prayer . We cannot be drie in the grace of God so long as wee resort to Christ by prayer , who hath the seauen Vialls of gold full of seuen-fold mercies . 22 In singing of Psalmes without some speciall occasion , he would say in company , specially of such as were of some generall instruction : although priuately for himselfe , according to his griefe , ioy , or affectiō , he would sing proper Psalmes ; yet he thought they that did most reioyce , might sing the Psalmes of greater griefe , to put them in mind what was , or may bee in them ; as also , to season their ioyes with the remembrance of the sorrow of some of the Saints . Againe , those that are most throwne downe , might reape fruit in vsing the Psalmes of greatest comfort , that they may see what hath been , and what is belonging to them , after that they haue sowne in teares , and mourned with that holy repentance which is not to be repented of . 23 There be two extremities of singers . Some hearing the action to bee good , vse it of custome . Some hearing that wee must vse it , with prepared hearts , stay so long for fitting themselues thereunto , that they leaue it often vndone . Others vse it so often , and yet so vnfruitfully , that their customable singing breedes wearisomnesse ▪ wearisomnesse causeth tediousnes , and tediousnes causeth to leaue all . Then wee are indeede prepared to sing when the word dwels so plentifully in vs , and we be so filled with the Spirit , that the assurance of our sinnes pardoned ; the perswasion of God his fauour ; the hatred of sinne , the loue of the life to come , and such like prouoke vs thereunto . CHAP. LIX . Of Repentance . OVr conuersion to the Lorde , must bee with our whole heart , without exception , inward without hypocrisie , speedie without delay , continuall without Apostasie , in faith without despaire . First it must bee of the whole heart : many repent , but they will except one sinne . Dauid saith , Cleanse me Lord from all my sinnes , but wee will haue the Lord dispense with some sinne . 1. Corinth . 5. A little leauen will sowre much , a little Serpent will sting much . Origen writeth very well , that Christ did cast out , not sixe , but seuen diuels out of Magdalen , for all must be cast out , a cleane riddance must be made , as seuen diuels out of her , so all sinnes out of vs. Secondly , it must bee inward , many haue clensed their hands , but not their hearts , such sinnes as stare a man in the face , are too palpable , wee must bee doing against little sinnes . For sinne is a Serpent , whose tayle many haue cut off , but fewe haue touched the head : nay many haue a whole and vntouched Serpent , who neither touch tayle nor head , who proclaime with a Trumpet their re probation . Wee must not cleanse the outside of the platter onely , but wee must say in our conscience ; This action ( oh Lord ) haue I presented to thee with simplicitie . Thirdly , wee must doe it speedily . For though the Lord saith : At what time soeuer a sinner doth repent , &c. so hee saith , Blessed is the man that hath borne the yoke from his youth , for to giue the prime dayes to the diuell , and our dogge dayes to the Lord , what is but to powre out the wine to the world , and to giue the dregs to God ? But if wee serue God when wee may serue the diuell , the Lord will haue vs , when Sathan would leaue vs , Augustine being asked of ones estate by letters , who had deferred his repentance to the ende , said : I will not auouch hee shall be saued , nor that he shall be condemned : but saith hee to him that wrote to him : Repent you while you be well . It must bee continuall , least hauing begun in the spirit , we end in the flesh : Blessed are they that perseuere , for so long as we liue we are in danger of falling . There be many that are not called : of them that are called many are not chosen . Gods graces are no longer with vs than God himselfe is with vs. Wherfore seeing he is departed from many of our brethrē , which first departed from him , let vs beware we be not as dogs that returne to our vomit . Lastly , wee must doe it in faith : Christ teacheth vs to say , Lord increase our faith , for we are of little faith . Now faith is esteemed according to the qualitie , not according to the quantitie : the leprous hand though it cannot hold wel , if it receiueth any thing , doth some dutie . The child that cānot go is not forsaken , but hath his guide , we must learne then to holde fast , and to goe by them as hand in hand , whom the Lord shall assigne ouer vs to guard vs. 2 It is the prosperitie of all true repenting sinners , to fall with humility , to rise with dignitie , and as the more grieuously they haue offended , so the more humbly they will craue to be accepted ; the higher the dignitie is from which they are fallen , the lower is the place whereunto they would be receiued . And hee knoweth best what a godly thing it is to rise , that ●ightly knoweth what a foule thing it is to fall . For if a man be downe , if Sathan ●●ath assaulted him , if sinne hath wounded him , if his owne flesh hath betrayed him , so that hee lieth stricken with Sathan , with sinne , and with himselfe , against himselfe : then shewe me whether it be not a godly thing that the same man in number , though not in nature , the same in person , though not in propertie : for a newe substance is not created , but the sa●e being fallen is restored , falling a naturall man should rise a spirituall man , not to be that ●●e was , and to bee that which he was not : neither must any man so far flatter himselfe , that h●e should thinke himselfe at any time to rise so farre , as that he may cast off sinne as an vpper garment , to lay it aside vntill he list to vse it . For the seede of the woman hauing bruised the Serpents head , the sword of the spirit hauing hamstringed Sathan : the great Captaine CHRIST IESVS , hauing spoyled the strong man of his furniture , it cannot be but many broyles and bickerings will be behind , and some blowes wil be in the controuersie , so long as we be in this life . 3 When the Israelites were in Egypt , and saw things fall acrosse , they murmured against Moses : but being brought thence by him , and seeing things prosper , they willingly went with him , and left off their murmuring ; but when any newe occasion was offered , for the triall of their Faith & patience , they fell thereinto againe , because they did not truly repent them of it . And this we may see in all kind of sinners , which for a time may leaue their sin , and yet not repenting from their heart , when a new occasion is offered , doe fall more fouly then euer they did before , as adulterers , angrie persons , theeues : the lothsomnes of which sinnes , leauing a sting in their conscience , may cause them to leaue them for a time , yet because they labour not with their harts and affections , but only rest in iudgement , they haue no sound sorrow for it , & therefore fall afresh . This must teach vs therefore , if we will truely leaue any sin , both to condemne it in iudgement , and to hate it in affection , that so wee truely being penitent , that is , carefull to leaue our sinnes , desirous to do the contrary good , we may haue power and strength from aboue to ouercome them . 4 We may reade in the 16 ▪ of Exodus , how the whole congregation of the children of Israel murmured against Moses & Aaron , which is a manifest signe , that they neuer repented them of their murmuring in Egypt , at the red Sea , and waters of strife . And although the Lord delayed the punishment , yet could they not bee brought hereby to repentance , because they neither felt what their murmuring deserued , nor what the mercie of God is worth ▪ We must then learne , not only to leaue sinne , and purpose not to commit it againe , but we must with griefe of heart repent of it , feele Gods mercies in forgetting it , and a harty hatred of it . Otherwise when a new occasion is offered , we shall fall thereinto againe , as a swearer will after an Oath be angrie for it , yet because he seeth not the grieuousnes of the sinne , hath not acquaintance with the reuerend vse of the Name of GOD , falleth to sweare againe : So it is with them that prophane the Sabbath of the Lorde , and of them that speake euill of the magistrates & minsters , they say they will do so no more , and yet because they repent not , therefore they fall againe : So is this seene in angrie persons , which are rather grieued for shame or losse , or such like causes , & not for the loue of GOD : so it is in thieues , which come to the gallowes againe , although once receiued their pardon . This also may be seene in Tale-bearers , when their dealing is knowne , they maruell at themselues ; yet not repenting , they fall to their sinne againe . The Apostle Saint Iames in his fourth chapter teacheth vs , not only to clense the hands , but to purge the heart also : for we must see our hearts defiled with the sinne wee leaue , or else it is impossible to repent , for the heart being still defiled , will yeeld to a new occasion . The means to leaue these sins is there set downe , to howle and weepe , &c. Iam. 4. for the burnt child feareth the fire : but because God doth not throughly punish men , & because mens hearts do not feele the grieuousnes of sinne , and Gods iudgements due to them for the same , therefore they sinne afresh : but if they did feele Gods wrath , and the grieuousnes of their sinnes , then no doubt they would shake at the appearance of euill . Therefore that we may come to this , and hate those sinnes that especially do preuaile against vs , we must vse sharpe medicines , as in an old festered sore , they vse corrosiue salues : for there are some kind of sinnes like to some kind of diuels , which cannot be cast out without prayer and fasting . And when wee cannot bee healed with ordinarie meanes , the disease still continuing , then must we vse extraordinarie , which if wee doe , the Lord wil lift vs vp , and in the end giue vs power to trample sinne vnderneath our feet . For if we had more griefe for our chiefest and greatest sinnes , God would giue vs a heart to hate them , and to feare the least occasions that might draw vs vnto them : so should wee bee for euer preserued from them , they should neuer preuaile against vs. 5 Sinne doth much grieue the Lord , although in great mercie he doth long and oftentimes forbeare the punishment therof : which should much moue vs and cause vs when we see our often fallings , greatly to bee greued thereat , and highly to bee displeased with our selues for the same , least we fall into presumption . And when our owne consciences , & the diuell doe accuse vs for such sinnes as we haue committed against the Lord , as then we are to bewaile and lament our goings astray , and displeasing of our God : so are wee to trust in his promises , and to embrace his mercies , least we bee ouewhelmed with griefe , and so fall into despaire , for the diuel euer and continually laboureth to bring vs either to the one or the other , presumption or desperation . Therefore when wee haue sinned , and yet doe rebuke our selues , being much displeased with our selues , because of Sinne , wee are to comfort our selues , the Lord will shew his mercie vpon vs : for if hee shewed vs his mercie when we were not grieued , how much more when wee vnfainedly lament ? If hee hath waited vpon vs , to doe vs good before wee repented , how much more shall his goodnes appeare towards vs vnfainedly repenting ? 6 What is the cause that men can be so well content to lie in their sins without repentance , and thinke all is well , if they can for a while forbeare and abstaine from them ? This no doubt is the cause , because they set not themselues before the iudgement feare of God , and of Christ , and therein feare to consider how grieuous a thing sin is in the sight of God : how greatly it displeaseth him , and what fearfull condemnation abideth them , that securely and carelesly continue in their sinnes . For if men could consider this , that their sins prouoke the wrath of the Lord against them , and do procure euerlasting condemnation to be powred out vpon them , they would no doubt feele sinne most grieuous vnto them , yea , a burthen that presseth them downe to hell , then would their spirits be vexed within them , and their hearts bruised with the due consideration of their sinnes ▪ yet all this would not bring them out of their sinnes . For the law condemneth and worketh wrath , and the iudgements of the Lord doe cast down , wound and kill , that so we might be fit to receiue the Lord Iesus , who came to raise vp , to heale and giue life to such as are fallen sicke , and dead . And still is hee present to helpe those which are in like manner distressed : for till such time he will not worke vpon them , to cure and deliuer them from their sinnes : hee was sent onely to the sicke , &c. and those no doubt he will heale . Hereof it commeth to passe that many doe continue in their sinnes , and are not deliuered from the power of them : because they are not wounded with a feare of Gods iudgement , and so driuen to seeke their helpe in Christ , but in their owne power : for thinking sin to be but a small matter , they goe about to suppresse it by their own strength , and by their owne power to subdue and ouercome it . Wherefore the Lord , that hee may let them see that without the helpe of Christ , their strength is nothing and their labour spent in vaine : doth suffer them againe , and againe to be buffeted with their sinnes : yea and if they wil not then flie out of themselues vnto Christ , they shall receiue the foyle & be ouercome therewith : to the end they might be brought & framed at the length ( if they belong vnto God ) to be fit matter for the Lord to worke vpon . And then no doubt , if we can come thus humbled in our selues vnder the mightie hand of God ; and by vnfained praier , craue forgiuenesse at the Lords hands , for Iesus Christs sake , and desire continually the assistance of his holy spirit , wee shall encrease in faith , and feele the cleare forgiuenes of our sins , and in him we shall find strength against sinne , and shall feele his power working in our weakenes , or as sorrow must goe before , so repentance must come fast after forgiuenesse . 7 Some when they haue sinned reason thus , the Lord doth not punish me for my si 〈…〉 s , therfore he hath forgiuen them ; but this kind of reasoning is false and dangerous , because it abuseth the great mercie of God to hardnesse of heart : and that the Lord will punish , though he forbeare for a time , it is plaine , Exod. 34. 7. Which if wee would consider , then would the goodnes and the long suffering of the Lord lead vs to repentance , Rom. 2. ●4 . 8 The Lord wil spare his iudgements in them , in whom he s●eth a true loue of true Religion : for they that loue Religion will desire to heare , and hearing the word , they wil●●ot fall to any sinne , or if they fall into sinnes , they will not lie in them long . 9 When our sin hath lesse liking in vs , there is hope that it wil decay in vs : especially if we sorrow for it , when we cannot fully forsake it , and labour to forsake it because it is sinne . 10 Those things neuer hurt vs which grieue vs : but those things hurt vs which grieu 〈…〉 vs not . A sure experiment it is , whether that sinne wherewith we are tempted oftentimes ●hal get the dominion ouer vs or not ; If the oftner it tempteth vs , the more we are grieued a● it , and the more ground we get to the contrarie vertue , it shal not raigne . But if the first comming of sinne wrought a griefe in vs , and by the after and oftner comming our griefe ▪ bee lesse and lesse , it is much to be feared , that in time it will preuaile , and vtterly ouercome vs. 11 Vnlesse our sinnes be palpable , and plainely laid before our eyes : it is hard to bring vs to any shame and sorrow for them . 12 We ought to grow in repentance , as God groweth in punishments : Gods children haue this priuiledge : First , they shall be called by the word . Secondly , if that will not se●ue , they shall be called by Gods workes : either of mercie or iustice in others . Thirdly if they profit not , they shall taste of them in themselues . First by small measure , seldome and a 〈…〉 ttle time ; if they be not thus bettered , they shal haue them in greater measure , oftner & ●onger . Fourthly , if they neither profit not at all , first or last , or be euer vncontrolled and suffered to thriue in their sinne , they are either much hardned or else bastards . 13 Let vs make much of repentance , for it is not in our power , but in the Lord wh●● giueth , when , to whom , and in what measure it pleaseth him . 14 We can marke what men are spared , and so flatter our selues ; but we marke not how they repent , least we should disquiet our selues . 15 Afflictions yeeld ioy in time to come , when by them wee are the more wea●ie of sinne , and more carefull of repentance . 16 It is good to be afflicted , that thereby we may be brought to know our sins : like wise to know afflictions before they come , that they do not ouerwhelme vs : And thē is the ministery of the Law necessarie in the Church : for afflictiōs are but appendices of the threatnings , for they that despise Gods threatnings , care not for affliction , and they neuer come , but when we profite not by threatnings . Againe , the threatnings doe certainly moue and teach ; but afflictions do thē vncertainly , ( this generall doctrine may be seene in the whole course of the Scripture ) also that the promises are neuer ministred before we ●●e throughly humbled . As in Adam , Noe , Abraham , Ioseph , Moses in many , and in the children of Israel , Dauid and others ; so that repentance and faith are ioyned together , and repentance proceedeth of godly sorrow : if wee be bold to comfort our selues afore wee bee thus beaten down , our comfort is counterf●it , and we do but deceiue our selues , and this ordinarie working of God is ioyned with great equitie : for if wee be not thus humbled , our consciences touched with the guilt of sinne will still looke for punishment . Againe , the mercies of God are neuer so precious and deere , as when they light on a troubled conscience . And therefore Esay saith . That the fee●e of them that bring glad glad tidings , are pleasant to those that had been long in captiuitie Esay 52. 7. As Ioseph knowing the policie of Sathan , who ●n sorrowe seeketh to bring vs to desperation , comforted his brethren : So Paul would not haue the incestuous person to be ouerwhelmed with griefe , and when hee had made the Corinthians sorie , hee doth comfort them againe . So N●hemiah , after that the people had wept , saide , this is not a day of mourning : So Esay vseth fearefull threatnings , yet after is most plentifull in comforts . As presumption must carefully be auoided , that men may be brought throughly to feele their sinnes ; so must desperation also , least that Sathan draw vs away for want of feeling the mercies of God : and this is to cut the worde aright , which all men must pray , that it may be found in the Ministers . It is not meant , that Ioseph would not haue his brethiē sorrowful at all : for why then vsed he the meanes thereunto before ? but he auoideth the extremities whereunto we are ready to fall , and would not haue them so ouer sorrowfull . Hee doth not vpbraid them , for he had freely forgiuen them , & was cleare from reuenge , but he nameth their sinne , that they still may haue some feeling of it , and so must we doe . 17 A certaine woman being conuerted to Christianitie , by a ciuill Iustice , seeing him afterward slide from the faith , and the saide Iustice going about to corrupt her ; after he had conuerted her : She said , Sir , I heard you speake as the Lord , & in hearing you I heard you not so much your selfe , but I learned of Christ by you : I heard not , I say , you as man , but I heard by you the Lord our God which is inuisible . 18 It is no more maruel for a prophane person , to be as senselesse in good things at the beginning of his conuersion , then for one bound and brought vp in a prison to bee ignorant of the things of the world . CHAP. LX. Of Riches and their abuse . RIches and sinne haue some affinitie , in regard whereof Christ saith , in a compassion of their miserie whom wee so wonder at , Oh how hard a thing is it for a rich man to enter into the kingdome of heauē ? Adding ( which the world condemneth for a hard speech , ) That it is as easie for a Cable to goe through the eye of a needles &c , Christ calleth riches thornes , forewarning vs that we handle them well , least we bee pricked with them . They are euil commonly in either getting , or in keeping , or in vsing , or in louing them . It is an old prouerbe among the heathen , the rich man is either vniust himselfe , or his father . Marke the euil Steward in the Gospel , the gorgeous Rich man , the Glutton that promised to himselfe abundance for many yeeres , who possessed it not many houres . When Christ catechised the Rich man , he went away sadly . He calles riches the Mammon of iniquitie , Matth. 6. The glorie of a mans house , Psal. 37. The blessing on the left hand , Prouerb . 3. And the fatnesse of the earth , is as well the blessing of Esa● as of Iacob . Demas loued the world , Paul loued not the world . Esay poore , and Sabnah rich . I put the question to the veriest reprobate , & let him answer me , whether Esay be not now wise , and Sabnah be not a foole . Alas what will it profite a man to hoord vp any thing in such a chest , as in foure dayes will stinke ? What if a man can reioyce in his wicked riches seuenty yeeres , when he shall be grieued for them seuen hundred thousand yeeres , when they shall say to the mountaiues fall on vs , and to the hils couer vs ? 2 Riches dimme our eyes as a cloude , that we cannot see farre with them , and one may well say : Pouertie hath slaine a thousand , but riches hath slaine tenne thousand . They are very vncertaine , they promise that which they cānot performe : neither can they affoord a contented minde . A man will say , Oh , if I could get so many Furres , I should bee verie warme , and yet his heate commeth from his body , so many will say , if I had many farmes , I should bee well contented , when as a contented minde commeth from the Lorde . Take ●iuet and rubbe a Beggers cloake with it , it will make the cloake sweete ; rubbe Veluet with it , and it will slaine it . Likewise take riches , and giue them to a poore man , and they will refresh him , giue them to one alreadie rich , and they will surcharge him . They are not the water of life alwayes flowing , but they are as the brookes of Arabia which are most drie , when one should most neede them for water . And they be as Spiders webbes , which when they waxe ' great , are swept away with a beesome , and then eyther thou perish●st from them , as did the rich man , or they perish from thee , as wee may see in Io● , Art thou rich in money , thou art in daunger of theeues ? Art thou plentifull in houshold stuffe , thou art in daunger of fire ? Hast thou much gold , the rust doth venim it and thee ? Is thine apparell gorgeous , thou hast the Moth thine enemie ? Hast thou much cattel , thou fearest rottennes , in marchandise Pirates feare thee , in husbandrie blasting hindreth thee ? Thus the Lord of Hosts hath set an host of enemies against all worldly things whatsoeuer . When the ice is frozen , one may walke on it for a time , but when the Sunne commeth , it melteth , and such things perish sooner than they grow , In momento ardet , quod diu crescebat lignum . The Temple was destroyed in fortie and sixe houres , that was so long in building . 3 The lesse account wee make of earthly things , and the more account of heauenly things , the liker we are to haue them : for wordly things must be so craued , as we first giue them to God , and then wish to haue them if it please him , as Dauid did when he was driuen out of his kingdome , and Abraham when he was ready to sacrifice his sonne : the one had his kingdome restored , the other had his Sonne giuen him againe . But when wee desire earthly things greedily , and care little for heauenly , the Lord withdraweth them from his children , to teach them to seeke after spirituall riches ; and if we desire heauenly things , the Lord wil giue them with earthly too : as when Salomon asked wisedome , it was giuen him with riches too ; and so had Iacob his desire with earthly blessings also : therefore let vs seeke heauenly especially , let vs seeke them in and for Christ , which may giue vs the forgiuenes of our sinnes , which if we can make sure , all other things shall be ioyfull vnto vs : for then shall we be made members of his bodie , and that prayer which once he made , Ioh. 17. shall euer be profitable to vs , that is , That the Father would loue vs with the same loue , wherewith he had loued him . And as God the Father in loue hath giuen vs his Sonne : so will he with him giue vs all things , so farre forth as he knoweth them good and fit for vs. 4 The nature of fleshly minded men , is , vnwisely to discerne of Gods dealings : for they had rather for go many spirituall blessings , than one corporall , as the Israelites , who for the want of bread , despised their deliuerance out of Egypt , which was a signe of their spirituall deliuerance . And thus do men now adaies ; for if they be in prosperitie , they are more grieued to forgoe some part of their riches , than to forsake many of their sinnes . Again , if they want riches , it greeueth them more than the want of spiritual things . But we are to learne , that riches are no signes of Gods fauour : and if we see not his loue but in them , we are too earthly minded , and would binde God to be like vnto vs. Without riches many men eare not for God , which although they say not , yet because they neglect the word , prayer and sacraments , and despise his Ministers ( as the Israelites did Moses and Aaron ) they shew that the thoughts of their hearts are so : but let vs take heede that this be not in our hearts , and by all meanes auoid it , least the God of this world , whom wicked men serue , doe giue vs here our hearts desire , that in the world to come , he may haue vs for his portion . 5 We may not aske these earthly things as signes of Gods fauour , therefore if we haue his fauour , let vs not esteeme the want of them as tokens of his displeasure . Againe , the Lord holdeth vs without these things , because we would abuse them , and set more by them , than by spirituall things : yea , the Lord for a time holdeth vs without these , that we might esteeme of spirituall graces the more , that so in time we may haue them both together . Againe , if we haue wealth and riches , the Lord trieth vs if we will be more thankfull , and more dutifull to him , more reuerent in hearing his word , and more louing to our neighbour , which will ensue , if we doe truely profite by them : but if we be vnthankfull , sluggish in hearing the Word , in Prayer , and Sacraments : proud and contemptuous to our brethren ; then doth the Lord shew vnto vs the corruptions of our hearts , which vnlesse we speedily cut off , we may iustly feare , that he will either cut vs off from them , or them from vs , if we belong vnto him . Whatsoeuer you get by lawfull meanes , giue euermore the tenth to the godly poore . No through reformation can be hoped , in Familie , Church , or Cōmon-wealth , ( except the Lord worke it by some notable affliction ) where long case and prosperitie haue bredde either superstition or prophanenesse . 6 Many are outwardly well and rich in this world , which are inwardly ill and poore in godlinesse ; and many hate outward euill things , which for want of spirituall knowledge , see not the corruptions of their hearts . 7 Nothing is ours , but as we feele our title in Christ , and as it is sanctified by the word , and by prayer . 8 It is a common Prouerbe : He that loueth the law , loueth the King : and I say , He that loueth the word , loueth God. Well , thou shalt know , at this time , or at that time , in thine owne conscience , by the word preached , that Christ doth offer to come thee : it standeth thee in hand to entertaine this Prince , not without some solemne preparation . How thou must make prouision for his comming , thou art taught , Matth. chap. 3. First beware the great mountaine of thy reason rise not against the Word , least speake Christ what Christ can speake , we will doe as we list . When this is pulled downe , yet there are many crooked waies of hypocrisie to be made straight , and many by-pathes in stepping to the world from the sight of our infirmities , hindring our perseuerance , are also to be made euen . 9 We must not thinke that sinne will goe from vs of it selfe , or that saluation will be wrought with a trice , but we must deale forcibly with nature , because when sinne and the word cannot dwell together , Sathan will take such order , as he will by all meanes hinder vs frō the word : which if he cannot doe , then he stirreth vp a fight in vs , like the strugling of the two children in Rebeccaes wombe , so as sometime we are readie to say with Rebecca , had I knowne of this , I would neuer haue done so ; I would neuer haue heard the word . Rebecca had two nations in her wombe , Paul had two Princes in him , and we haue two Monarches dwelling within vs. We can be content to heare , vntill the word rifle vs. But as a purging potion , as long as it is a drinking , is but as another drinke vntil it work , and then we could be content to cast it vp againe ; or as a drawing plaister seemeth fauourable enough vntill it worketh , and after we could willingly put it off againe : so we can quietly heare the word , vntill it workes vpon vs , and then we could forsake it . But if ye be such , as because ye will not for your health suffer a little paine , but wil cast vp your purgation , and scratch off your plaister , go to , ye shall be seered , and a crust shall be vpon you , and ye shall not feele it , but in death the crust shall be taken off . This fight must be in vs , as it was in Dauid , Psal. 42. and in Paul , Rom. 7. whose heires if we will be , we must follow their steps . But here is the helpe , many will keepe off the word , that it shall not haue a full blow , and so they shield and ward that stroke , that should martyr and crucifie sin in them . Let vs thrust the word vpon him , by hearing and meditation : but alas , many giue so few blowes , or so weake strokes in vsing these exercises so seldome , that they preuaile little . But thou wilt say , Christ hath ouercome for thee . True it is , but had he suffered a thousand times , he neuer ouercame for thee , vnlesse in some measure he ouercome in thee . Now we must ouercome , euen as Christ ( Matth. 4. ) did ouercome . Doe this , doe that , saith the diuell . No , saith Christ , it is not agreeable to the word . But how did Christ ouercome the world ? euen by being ouercome of the world . First of the crosses of the world , a strange thing to obserue by being ouercome , and so shall we doe . How then must we ouercome the flesh ? By crucifying it , Galath . 5. We crie against the Iewes for killing of Christ , we may crie as iustly against the nayles of the Crosse , and say , that they crucified him : it was the corruption of my heart that crucified him , the workes of mine hands did naile him , my sinnes were the speare that pierced him . What did my faults crucifie him ? Well , I will be euen with them , I will haue a Scriptum est for them , I will surely naile them , and in the reuenge of the death of the Sonne of God Christ Iesus , I will neuer make much of them , I will certainely persecute them . Alas , how can we make of our desires , seeing they crucified Christ ? We must kill them and burie them , that so caused Christ to be killed and buried . Nay , if we see one that would kill our sinnes , we would kill him , and on those sinnes , which on Christ did set a crowne of thornes , we are not ashamed to set a gorgeous garland . But if we can ouercome God , may we not easily ouercome the Diuell , the world and the flesh ? What is there a way to ouercome God ? I surely , euen as a poore woman ouercame him : this is your victorie euen your faith , as thus . God hath set downe this rule : Whosoeuer calleth on the name of the Lord , shall be saued : the woman marking this calleth on Christ : Christ would not heare her , a hard point , he had promised to saue her , and now he will not heare ●er . Well , she comes againe to him : what then ? He saith nothing to her . This was strange , yet she prayeth againe . Now he speaketh , but with small comfort . I am not sent ( saith he ) but to the lost sheepe of Israel . The sillie woman replies by the word , then he yeeldeth and consesseth himselfe to be ouercome , saying : O woman goe thy way , thy faith hath saued thee . See , she held still the word of the Scripture more than the word of Christ. Well then , faith is the victorie , and by it God is ouercome , and much more sinne , the world , the flesh , and the diuell . 11 This is the plea of the Lord against vs , that we dwell in a land , where we are vsurpers and haue no right . No man is of so reprobate a sense , but he will grant , that whatsoeuer we haue , we haue it at the Lords hand . But are these free gifts , and without all condition ? No , Come to the land of Canaan . Was it giuen to the Israelites vpon no couenant or without any agreement ? It is not so . For it is plaine , Psal. 105. The Lord gaue them the possessions of the Heathen . What barely ? No , but vpon this condition , that they should keepe his statutes . There is no man hath a foote of ground , or neuer so small a possession to dwell in , but he hath it on this condition : Whosoeuer inhabits this or any other land , he keepes all by violence , because he keeps it without performance of the condition : but if we keepe the Lords statutes , we keepe the condition , and consequently haue a good right , and the Lord hath nothing against vs : otherwise ( I say ) we are violent vsurpers , because the Lord his grant is vpon limitation , and for such a one , if the Lord either remoue him from the land , or take the land from him , he cannot say , but that the Lord his action is iust against him . Now albeit if we seeke elder times , this people of England hath as much been dispossessed , as any countrie . But it is all one , whether this displacing be generall , or particular in losing some part of our possessions . If we enquire of the reason , why it comes to passe that tenures and lands be often alienated ▪ so as they be here among vs : our verdit is , that howsoeuer sinfull the father was , the sonne is an vnthrift , I aske then , why another keepes his inheritance . Thus they say , he is wiser ; then this man was a foole . True , the question is , how he comes to be so : answere is made , the fault is in education . But there is no end in these things . Men will not see the cause to be sin , but they flie to couerings and curtaines . Let vs come then to the Lord his awarding , and that is , because there is no truth , nor mercy , nor knowledge : but killing ▪ stealing , and whoring , Hos. 4 1. 2. Whether then we know of whole townes , or of particular families , that haue lost their inheritance : we must know the Lord his inditement to be executed there against some sinne . Therefore when we blesse our selues for our riches , and say , the Lord be blessed for my wealth , this is a goodly inheritance : My lines are fallen in a faire place : we must also say , though this also be a good saying , All this I haue of the Lord , and hold whatsoeuer I haue of him : doe I keepe that part of the couenant , which is of my part , as he hath performed his part of his condition with me ? If I doe , then I am no vsurper : for he hath giuen me a condition , and I haue kept it ; he commended knowledge to me , and I know in knowledge : so that I am able to make an account of it , &c. but otherwise though I neuer come for any other sinnes to iudgement , yet our action for dwelling in our possessions is sufficient to stand against vs. For if we keepe not the couenant , the Lord hath , or will enter an action , and to thee or thy posteritie he will surely performe the execution of it . CHAP. LXI . Of Sacraments . GOd might haue wrought miracles without the rod which he willed Moses to vse : for he vsed it not for himselfe , but for Moses and the people of Israel to helpe their infirmities : So must we receiue the Sacraments as helpes , Contra●aereticos . And as the rod in it selfe was a common rod , but being appointed of God for more excellent vse , was so to be accounted of them : So water , bread & wine although in themselues common , yet put apart for the vse of the Sacraments , are to be esteemed and receiued as the ordinance of the Lorde , for the strengthening of our Faith , wherein also the Lord will trie our obedience , whether we will worship him in these things which haue so small a shewe . 2 The neglect of Gods Sacraments doth prouoke him against vs , as it did against Moses , for the neglect of the Circumcision of his Sonne . The Lord met Moses with some ▪ such affliction , as that he was readie to die according to the threatning , Gen. 17. Where we may see the neglecting of Gods ordinance punished , but not the want : for Moses did omit it , either to please his wife , or his father , or both : wherein hee honoured them more then the Lord. The like is said of the Passeouer , Num. 9. Deut. 27. Our Baptisme and the Lords Supper doe answere these Sacraments , therefore the neglect of them requires the like punishment . Wee haue no lesse grace offered to vs in our Sacraments , then they had in theirs : if they then were worthily cut off , much more are wee if we refuse either of our Sacraments , vnlesse it be for necessities sake . And although the Lord doth not presently meete vs as he did Moses , yet is he the same God , as in mercie to those that vse them in Faith , so in iudgement to take vengeāce vpon the contemners of them . But some wil say they would come , but the Ministers will not suffer them . If the Ministers do hinder them without cause , they shall beare their condemnation : but if for want of Faith and repentance he doe stay them ▪ and be diligent and willing to teach and warne them , and they still continue carelesse , their blood shall be vpon their owne heads : they can claime no part in the companie of Gods children , for hee should communicate with them in their sinne , if he should receiue them being vnworthie , either for want of knowledge , or because of sinnes which they lie in . 3 The institution of the Passeouer , Exod. 12. hath in it some things , which are peculiar to the first celebration , other some things , which belong to the continuall obseruation , as in the ●● . verse and before , that they must not goe out of the doores , &c. These belonged ▪ to the first celebration of it , & afterward were not to be vsed , because they had respect onely to the present Time : therefore our Sauiour Christ offended not when they did eate the Passeouer sitting , and went forth after the institution of the Lordes Supper : some things were personall and had respect to the present time , which were not after to be vsed , as that it was to be eaten with vnleauened bread ; for then there was none other : then that it was at Night in a parlor , which was that it might be shewed that the other Passeouer was abrogated , and this came in it stead : other things that had no such particular respect are whollie and onely still to be obserued . 4 We must be prepared to receiue the Lords Supper with sinceritie and holines , which is the truth of the ceremonie of vnleauened bread : for vnleauened bread had first respect to true doctrine , as our Sauiour Christ himselfe expoundeth it ; Beware of the leauen of the Pharisies . And this teacheth vs not onely to beware of all false doctrine , as the doctrine of the Papists , or such like , which in it selfe is euill , but also to beware that wee be not defiled with the corruption of the true doctrine , which in it selfe is most pure : for the doctrine of the Pharisies was much of it true , yet somewhat mingled and otherwise defaced : and this corruption of true doctrine is called leauē , because if it be suffered it wil corrupt the whole . Secondly , this hath respect to maliciousnes : for so Paul expounded it , The leauen of maliciousnes , where also not onely the grosse sinnes are said to be of the nature of leauen , but euen the very rootes of sinne & maliciousnes . Contrary to this are we commanded to come in a pure and sound religion and doctrine , also in sinceritie and trueth of heart , hauing respect vnto , and hauing a desire to fulfill all the commandements of God. Thirdly , whereas it is called the bread of tribulation , Deut. 16. 3. it sheweth with what affection wee must eate this Passeouer : namely , that as the poore man hath much paine and labour before he can get bread , so that his hart fainteth with want , or when all taste is gone , by reason of his sicknes ; and when he hath gotten bread , or findeth nourishment thereby , he euen weepeth for ioy : so should wee euen a long time bewaile our sinnes , and repent vs of the euill which we haue done , and euen saint for the desire of IESVS CHRIST , that so we comming to the table of the Lord being refreshed , may effectually receiue grace , and be heartily thankfull . 5 This is one great cause why the Family of loue and others , doe with so deadly hatred despise our Sacraments , because they neuer felt the power of them , nor sought to haue by them the assurance of the merits of Christ , conueied vnto them , and sealed in their hearts ▪ Would we not then be like vnto this kinde of people , in d●spising the Word ▪ Sacraments , and other holy graces ? let vs not then rest in the bare vse of them , let vs not come to them of fashion , let vs not content our selues with hauing the outward things ▪ but let vs labour to feele in our hearts the power of the spirit , let vs pray that by them the spirit may worke in our hearts , and in them alwaies let vs looke for the teaching of the spirit , so shall it come to passe , that we shall alwaies reuerently and worthily thinke of the meanes , and neuer be wearie of them , but alwaies carefully vse them : and yet not separate them from the spirit , but looking for the working of the spirit in them ; we shall finde the graces of the holy Ghost most plentifully powred on vs , and as it were by Conduits , conueighed into our hearts . 6 The Lambe was not the Passeouer but a signe of it ; so is bread and wine in the Supper called the Lords body and blood , because it is a signe thereof . This is an vsuall speech , when the Scriptures speake of Sacraments , to teach vs that although there be not carnall presence , as the Papists imagine , yet there is a true spirituall and effectuall presence of the things signified : and therefore we may certainly looke for the performance of the same , if by faith we can receiue it . 7 He said this was his manner in dealing with them that came to the Communion , if they were but indifferently instructed thereunto , he by exhortation charged them to beware what they did , he would not wish them to come , but if they came , he would not vtterly denie them if they lay in no sinne . 8 Barzillai hauing done a great benefit to Dauid the King , could not tell how sufficiently to gratifie him with recompence . In the end he chargeth Salomon his sonne that the sonne of Barzillai should sit at his table : which thing , both in Dauids opinion , and in Barzillais estimation was the greatest benefit , wherein they could both stay either for his liberalitie in bestowing , or for the others contentation in receiuing . Now if this for so great a benefit seemed so great a reward ; how rich and how glorious is the bountifull dealing of God with vs , which without any desert or deed offered on our parts , hath in his loue appointed it to sit at his sonne Christ Iesus his table , where not Salomon , but a farre greater than Salomon is present ? CHAP. LXII . Of sinne , and how to abstaine from the least , and of iniquitie and the punishments thereof . THere be some which call good euill , and euill good , they shrinke vp euill into a narrow scantling : and would faine bring it to this , if they could , that none doe euill but they that are in gailes . But wee must take ●eede of this , and therefore let vs knowe what it is to doe euill . Euill is either naturally euill , or euill by circumstance . In all our actions to auoide euill , 1. Thess. 5. 22. wee must learne this lesson , followe nothing but proue it first , and keepe that which is good , but abstaine from all apparance of euill . Be sure that it is good ye doe , but if it haue but a shew of euill , auoide it : if it bee an euill fauoured thing to see to , flie it . 1. Cor. 6. All things ( saith Paul ) are not profitable , though they be not plainly forbidden . 2 To heare the threatnings and to tremble at them ; to heare the promises and to beleeue them ; to reuerence the Sacraments and to receiue them ; to pray vnto God in all our wants , and to be thankfull for all his mercies , are waies to keepe vs from sinne , and to recouer vs from sinne when we are fallen thereinto . Therefore the neglect of these doth pull downe iudgements vpon men : for though Paul rebuked the Corinthians of many sinnes , yet for this cause ( saith he ) some are asleepe , some are sickly , &c. For if these had been vsed as they ought , sinne should neuer haue growne so farre as it did . 3 Let them that feare the Lord account it his great mercie , that hee will not let them prosper and thriue in their sins : least they should be carried away thereby to perdition , and those who belong not to the Lord ( though they thinke all well ) so long as they feele their profit : yet let thē know that the Lord doth shew no greater signe of his wrath , than when he suffereth thē to prosper in their wickednesse . For as a father that hateth his child most , when he giueth himselfe to be ruled by his owne pleasure : so it is with the Lord. Therefore let them that take pleasure in following their owne lusts , and satisfie their owne desires in sin and wickednesse , though for the present they obtaine that they delight in , take heed least the cloudes of darknes suddenly ouershadow them ; and so the Lord send them to be tormented in hel before they be aware . Whereas contrariwise he chasteneth his children in this world , that eternally they might not be condemned . 4 We shall neuer througly leaue sinne , vntill we know and acknowledge sinne to be sinne , and be truly sorrowfull for the same . 5 The nature of the wicked is , that there groweth their loue , where they be not gainsaid and reproued for sinne , and where they be admonished , there groweth their hatred . 6 If once we giue consent to sinne , we are made ready to fall into moe and many sins , and making no conscience of one sinne , we shall not make conscience of many and great sinnes : and so being once in wrapped in sinne , it is an hard thing to get out of the clawes of the diuell . Lord giue vs grace to see and to resist the first sinne , euen the first motions vnto sinne , Iam. 1. 13. 14. conferred with Heb. 3. 12. 13. 7 It is the greatest iudgement of God that can be , to thriue in sinne . 8 We must take heed that by the occasion of others that sinne , we giue not our selues to doe the like : but rather by the fall of others into sinne , we must learne to rise vp vnto the Lord. 9 The occasion of sinne may be by another , but the cause of it is in our owne corrupt nature , which is alwaies readie to sinne . 10 Sinne getteth most strength , when good men fall into it . 11 It is a great mercy of God to goe bungar like , and foolishly about a sinne . 12 It is good to resist that which nature most liketh . 13 That God that drew light out of darkenesse , will draw goodnes oft times out of our corruption . Our corruption corrected by the mercy of God , maketh vs esteeme better of good men , being remoued or taken away from vs , than we did when they were neere and remaining with vs. 14 One sinne goeth not alone : but one sinne will open the doores of the soule to let in another . 15 We neuer will labour to leaue sinne , so long as we be quiet in minde , but still flatter our selues and bedawbe our consciences with rotten plasters , vntill we be either stricken with feare , or cast downe with iudgements . The greatnes and enormitie of sinne is seene by sixe points : First , on Gods behalfe how huge and detestable it is may be seene , who by sin is so greatly dishonoured : for how much the higher his Maiestie is , so much the greater enormitie it is to sinne against him . Secondly , sinne is noted by the qualitie of a sinner . Sinnes are made so much the higher & greater , the more that a man is bound vnto equitie : for the more and greater benefits he hath receiued of God , so much the more is he bound to doe his will. Thirdly , it is waighed and noted in the qualitie of the matter , whereabout the sinne is committed : for a sinne against mans person or name is greater , than against his substance or goods : but those sinnes are most grieuous which are directly done against God , which doe impeach and touch his Maiestie , so neerely piercing him , as it were to the quicke , as distrust , despaire , blasphemie , idolatrie , &c. Fourthly , sinnes measured by meanes of the end which the sinner bendeth to : for the worse that the intent or purpose of the sinner is , the more grieuous is his sin . Fiftly , circumstances are to be respected of time , and place . Sixtly , of the very deformitie of sin it selfe according to it selfe , the which is alwaies so much the greater and more loathsome , as the vertue is more excellent and worthie which is contrarie to it : whereupon as the loue of God is the highest vertue , so on the contrarie part the hatred of God is the greatest vice . S. Gregorie saith , A vile and stinking carrion is more tolerable to mans sent , than a sinfull soule vnto God. So then if we feare , and be vnwilling to appeare vile , filthie , and detestable before the holy and most worthie Maiestie of God , and if we abhorre that the countenance of our Creator should be turned from vs , let vs then auoide sinne with all carefulnes and pure affection , within and without : for no deformitie can so disfigure vs in mans eye , as the reasonable soule by sinne is deformed , and made vile and hatefull in the eyes of God , and before his sight : for by sinne the soule of man is made like the diuell himselfe . 16 Euill doers shunne the light , what they cannot auoide , they endeuour to conceale , they do things they shame to heare of , they walke disorderly , and thinke to shroud themselues in the cloudes : That , which the feare of God cannot cause thē wholy to auoid , that the shame of men enforceth them to conuey frō the eyes of the world . So sin is ashamed of it selfe , and sheweth that God had naturally implanted in all a sentence , and condemnation against sin , which though we commit , yet committing it we condemne it , and because we condemne it in our selues , we conceale it from others . Yet many haue so depriued themselues of this naturall remorse , they open the face of sinne to the view of all men , let a man shut his eyes neuer so close . How earnest was Athanasius with the Emperour , sharply to correct the Pastors in his time going from their flock ? If for the reuerence of their persone , saith that good man , thou wilt not constraine them to dwell with their flockes , suffer me to auoide them out of thy gouernment , and if God aske me a reason , why I do so , I will shew it him . And yet these sins being written in the open foreheads of many in this land : how many doe pull downe their hearts one whit the more for it ? Thus to walke in sinne without shame at all , is it marueile , if the godly bewaile to see it ? If there were but one vniust man , iniquitie for this one mans sinne were lamentable , much more when whole families , when whole streetes , nay when whole townes and cities are such , the case is to be lamented . And be it that generally the common sort of men be so ill inclined , yet so long as the Ministers be vnpolluted with blood , there is hope , the rest may be recouered : but if they be as a theefe that laies waite for his pray , And liuing not onely of , but from the altar , work euill in the eyes of the people , what then can be hoped for ? Yet hope of better is not only cut off , if those that be in authoritie correct both the one and the other , and censure both people and Pastors . But if a state be so ruinous , that they do the greatest wrongs , which sit in the highest roomes , when iniquitie & authoritie kisse each other , when the workers of iniquitie will not be controlled , and cannot be corrected ; then it is a time of mourning and lamentation . If the Prophets in their daies did bewaile such things , what should we doe , whom God hath cast into such daies , wherein we see the bookes had and read wherein iniquitie is prescribed ? As for swearing , and prophanenesse , these are the sins of poore men , they that will beare a top in the world , must now think oppression and adulterie be things indifferent , so far are the precepts of iniquitie spread euen in our highest places . This thou feest , O Lord , and canst thou suffer it , that what thou condemnest for a crime we should account it vertue ? When such things are among vs , and suffered and practised in stead of harmonious songs , the musicke of Ierusalem should be to lament . Otherwise it will bring those times , when it will be our greatest mishap that euer we haue been happie , so much our present sorrowes shall be augmented by our by ▪ past ioyes . Then it will be time to burne our Crowne to ashes : when for these abominations we that seemed as Gods , shall be trampled vnder foote as dung ; when the Nobles , that are as the purest gold , become to be as earthen vessels ; when our Ministers , that were honorable , shall become contemptible ; when the Babylonians shall drink in our holy and honourable vessels of Gods worship . Oh that this could teach vs wisedome , to make the bowels of the poore the coffers of our treasures . Yet herein is not all ; our sinnes deserue a greater scourge . Our children , for whom we would not promise an heauenly inheritance , shall wallow in their owne blood before our faces ; when that comes to passe , though thy childe be deare , yet remember that he should not haue been so deare to thee , as he that shed his blood both for him and thee . And yet beyond all this our ground shall be burnt to the ground : our vines shall drie , our trees shall be eaten vp with fire , our pastures scorched as an heath , our sumptuous buildings shall be ruinous houses , our fields shall be like vnto the paued allies , and our cities shall be as a plowed field , the enemie shall finde a Paradise , and shall leaue vs a wildernesse . But you will say , what is all this to vs as yet ? I answere , if the least of the Saints ( which be precious stones in the Lords Sanctuarie ) be better than all buildings in the world , who can think of our spiritual vastation , and not to haue his countenance sad with the remembrance therof ? Hath not the Lord euen in our daies and in our eyes , puld off the bark from euery pleasant tree ; how hath he made it bare ? is there one branch , which the enemy hath not made white ? How do the heards pine away ? how do the flocks perish ? That which the Paliner-worme hath left , the Canker-worme hath eaten ; that which the Canker-worme hath left , the Caterpiller hath eaten , they haue spoyled the Church from hand to hand . Wherefore it behoueth those places , that haue so cast the Lord out , to labour the haruest may be recouered , and that the branches be new planted , that the holds cast down may be reedified , and that the vines decaied may be repaired . For want whereof euerie priuate mans field being as a garden , and euerie mans garden being as a Paradise , the Lords garden ( whether for want of manuring , or for the sleeping of the dressers , I know not ) lyeth like the field of the sluggish man , and his vineyard like the vineyard of one that is idle . And where euery house is curiously sieled , euery citie aptly compacted , the house of the Lord ( whether for that the spirituall workmen are confounded among themselues , or the ouerseers of the worke be willingly corrupted ) lieth void & waste in many places , so that they that see it , are constrained to say , O Lord , why doest thou behold vs thus , and sufferest to see such vastation ? Neither yet shall the voyce of the enemie crying in the day of reuenge ; race it , race it downe to the ground , strike vs with such a terror , as when violence shall come vpon vs , our wiues , our children , without all respect of age and estate . It is not possible , that we in our great securitie , should cōceiue a shadow of that inexplicable griefe , which shall follow that persecuting plague hastning towards vs , when the carkases of our friends shall make a way , and be as a path in our streets , when our women shall villainously be abused in the Lords Sion , the children put to the edge of the sword , the Princes hanged vp by the hands , no sparing shall be of sexe or of age , and besides so outragious a rage , when our foes shall come to tread as holy ground , where the glorie of God his house should strike them stone dead , when their sword should be abashed and lose it glittering , when it should see the Maiestie of the Lord in his Ministers and Preachers . This is a matter of griefe and indignation : for the harmelesse blood powred out by the king of Babel on the ground , being compared to the blood of the Saints shed by the Pope , it would be but as a spoonfull in respect of the Sea. When this moodie Tigre comes , he will pretend that he rootes out heresie ; but then why doth he suck the blood of infants , who are not capable of heresie ? Well , if this be his intent to roote out heresie , is the sword a fit instrument to do it ? Paul and Peter , and the rest of that blessed colledge , and Christ himselfe put many notable heretikes to silence , by the force of reason , and not by dint of sword . Was it Christ his meaning , that the successor of Peter should draw out his sword , when Peter himselfe was bidden to put it vp ? And yet this royall Priest and Bishop , generally will drowne the Church in her own blood . And do we not see how the guides , Pastors , and ouerseers of the Church , are driuen out of sundry places , where this Bishop hath set his foote , whose harts could haue bene better contented at once , to haue sealed their doctrine with their blood , than to be separated from them , to whose soules they had deuoted themselues ? An heauie farewell , no doubt they took of their congregations , when as we reade of some , who filled their high waies with their beasts , & laid their children at the feet of the Pastors , whē they departed from them , crying vnto them , What shall be our estate , now ye are gone to martyrdome ? Who shall wash our children in the cristall waters of Baptisme ? Who shall ease our afflicted consciences when the aduersary shal accuse vs ? Who shall leade vs the way of life , and bring our soules to rest ? Recompence them ( O Lord ) as they haue deserued , that are the cause of this , ( O Lord ) giue them sad harts . So heauy a crosse will it be to see an irremediable desolatiō of holy things : we know not yet the bitternes of this cup , yet we haue them amōg vs which haue tasted it , whom let vs entertaine with Ioseph with teares of mercie , and let vs in their suites say to the Lord , they haue beholden miserie ( O Lord ) cause them to behold the light of thy louing countenance , for their reliefe & comfort . So be it . 17 It is the great iudgement of God vpon the corrupt iudgement of the world , that vnlesse sinne be prodigious and monstrous , such as goe round about the world , we are not mooued with it . When we admonish other sinnes of iesting , and such like , forsooth we must smile when we doe so , and we must laugh vpon them , least we moue choler , and giue offence . Well for all sinne in equall measure , and for the least of all sinnes , Christ Iesus the Sonne of God was faine to shed his precious blood . Howsoeuer sinne seemeth little to vs in committing , it was very great to Christ in suffering for it . They be small sins to vs which are vsuall to all , but if they were not vsuall , they would seeme prodigious . 18 All the senses especially the eyes , as they are most singular instruments to receiue good things by , if they by Gods spirit be directed : so if they be not well ordered , do bring greatest euils , and therefore Dauid prayeth that his eyes might be guided aright , and Iob maketh a couenant with his eyes , vnder which the other parts are included , as also when Dauid maketh a couenant with his mouth . Ioseph his mistresse first offended in looking without a cause : for the wantonnesse of vaine lookes bewray the corruption of the heart , we must then striue to haue a lawfull cause of all our doings , that so we may be assured of Gods prouidence to watch ouer vs , least if any harme happen vnto vs , we be the iust occasion thereof . Secondly , she offended in not keeping a measure : for whosoeuer seeth his owne corruptions truely , will be afraid of the very appearance of euill , as Iob , although he was neuer adulterer , yet priuie to his corruption he made a couenant with his eyes . Iosephs mistresse spake to him day by day and he refuseth , she abideth stil in her euill purpose , but he still refuseth her , and here is the difference betweene Gods children and the wicked , the one continueth still in wickednesse and would haue all others such , the other perseuere in godlinesse , and would bring all men to the same , she was conuinced of her fault , and yet sorrowed not but continued . Where note , the oftner sinne the lesse griefe , a note of the children of the diuell . But contrarily , the oftner sinne the more griefe , a note of the child of God. Ioseph was young about thirtie foure yeeres , and yet chast , contrarie to those that say , fornication is but a tricke of youth . Ioseph was entised and yet yeelded not , a signe of a pure heart , for although temptations be offered of those , yet it proceedeth of our corruption that we yeeld to them . As Bathshaba yeelded to Dauid because she was corrupted : Ioseph yeelded not to his mistresse , because his heart was pure . If we will be cleane in all , let vs first know our hearts , and see where we are weakest , and get a speciall defence against that , otherwise we shall take too much libertie , and indeed the chastest in heart , will be chastest in looke , because they know their owne corruption and striue against it , for whosoeuer hateth sin truly , will hate the garment defiled with sin : and will beware of those things which in themselues are lawfull , because he is readie to abuse them . 19 If God hath made any as the eye to see , as the mouth to reproue , as the hand to redresse sinne either in families , in Church or in Common-wealth , they must specially looke to themselues , they sinne not . For of al others it is a great disgrace to see them , as the principall members of the body hurt . Againe , the hurt of such a member is the endangering of all the other members . Now great reasons there are , why such men sinne most dangerously . First , the higher we ascend , the greater strength we receiue of God to resist sinne ; a thing then it were most deformed , that the more strength we haue to keepe off sinne than others , the lesse we should doe it . Againe , the greater and better credit wee haue , the more we must thinke our selues bound to thankfulnes , then where thankfulnes should abound most , vnthankfulnes being found most , it is the greater blemish . Thirdly , where wee are neerer to such dignitie , wee should haue the chiefest gifts to keepe our motes and beames , both great and small sinnes ; now if the eye , that should foresee and preuent such things should receiue motes and beames in it selfe , it is a thing most absurd , when they , I say , that should rid the house , the Church or Common-wealth of blemishes , bee most full of blemishes , it is a great deformitie . Lastly , the least offence that such a one commits , euerie one is grieued with , and then rather than such a thing should bee , it were better not to be a Gouernour , or that hee were faire burned . For as without the eye no other member can doe this office , neither the hand , nor the foote can doe their function without sight ; so without the direction of such gouernours , no part can doe his dutie . The safetie of the eye is the safetie of the other members , the good estate of the people is in the good estate of the Prince , euery member hath his interest in the ey● , and therefore the fault of the eye stickes in euery member . So that in the perill of the eye how many members soeuer are dependant of it , so many are in danger , and so many slippes that men of authoritie fall into , so many occasions of offence are offered to their charges . 20 In a publike reformation we must specially meete with the greatest sin , and begin first to cast out beames , & then motes . This is the order of God himselfe : for although he first talked with Adam , and so proceeded to Eue , and then to the Serpent , ( for Adams sinne is as the mote ) yet when he comes to iudgement and to sentence of casting ou● , he first begins with the Serpent , whose sinne was a beame sinne , and so proceedes against the other two , which in respect of that were but as mote sins . This was Dauids order , first Psal. 101. he will cast out Apostataes , and Atheists : secondly , scorners of Religion and all peruerse spirits : thirdly , the slanderer and taleteller : and lastly euen him that looketh but proudly , which thing we little account of . This was the order of Christ : for bodily diseases , it is said , Matth 4 he healed all sicknesses , and then it is said he healed cripples : for spirituall he first cured them that were possessed , thē the lu●atike , then the leprous , &c. Lastly , this was the order of the Primitiue Church , whether they dealt in excōmunication , in suspension , or in admonition . For excommunication , first they began with scorners , then with blasphemers , thirdly with heretikes , fourthly with periured persons , and fittly , with the obstinate enemies of Discipline . For suspension , they dealt first against common scorners : secondly , against neglecters of the liturgie : thirdly , against quarrels : fourthly , against incontinent persons , & fiftly against slanderers . For admonition , first they met with the idle persons : secondly with common pratlers : thirdly , with vnrederent behauiours of themselues against superiours : fourthly , against them that exceede aboue their abilitie in their apparell : fiftly , with them that neglected the state oeconomicall by needlesse running into debt , and so into debt , and so into wilfull pouertie . Thus we see the order of God himselfe , of Dauid , of Christ the Sonne of God , of the Church in it excellent beautie . 21 The estate of sinners may well be compared to them that be sicke : for as when one keepeth his bedde , and goeth to Physicke , it argueth some notable maladie , and disorder , whereby he is hindred from some necessary function : so our soule by the distemper of sin , is not onely hindred from her dutie , but is cleane put out of all good course and temper . Dauid complaineth of this , My sinne hath taken such hold vpon me , that I am not able to looke vp , they be gone ouer my head , they haue worne away my beautie , there is no rest in my bones by reason of my sin . Very aptly are they compared to sicke men that are sinners , to the end they might more warily look to thēselues , search the bottome of their thoughts , feele their griefe where it lieth , finde out the cause thereof , seeke be●imes for remedie , least not taking it in time , it rankle and fester inwardly , it eate and infect more and more , it come to a running sore , as Dauid complaineth , and so prooue very neere incurable . The Pharisies are well called sicke men , to moue those Peacock-tailed iusticiaries , to pitie the miserable plight and pickle they were in , and not so sleightly to ouer-looke themselues as they were wont to doe . Who is so vnnaturall , that is not mooued with pitie towards the sicke ? who is so without all bowels , that is not touched with compassion of a sicke man ? If his heartstrings be not so hard as a horne , if he haue not a flint stone in place of his hart , if his reines be not steele , and his hart and bowels hewed and framed out of an hard Oke , he must needes haue some remorse , his bowels must needes yearne , and his heart within him cannot chuse but mourne ouer the groanes of a man that draweth his last breath . And as the Lord spake , it is a memorandum for them to strike their frozen hearts : so for our selues we haue to take this Item also , for in them he toucheth vs , our share is in it , he shadowes therein the whole estate of mankind subiect to euery disease , alwaies drouping and complaining , alwaies laid vp on one side or other , teaching vs to giue ouer , and to diuorce our selues from all securitie . The Scripture in this point is plentifull , Who can say his heart is cleane ? There is none that doth good , no not one , all are sicke either of the couetous dropsie , or ambitious feuer of the itch of concupiscence . He that hath not the fit on him , may start vp and looke to his neighbour . All our health is a perillous disease , our righteousnesse is as a rag stained with the flowers of a woman . If none be voide , if many sinnes lie hidde in vs ( for who can tell how oft he offendeth , who can say , he is not crased ? ) if our cleannesse be filthie , if our light be darknesse , if our health be sicknesse , how filthie is our filthinesse ? how darke is our darknesse ? howsoeuer is our sicknesse ? And how truly is our body called abody of death ? If then we had any hope of our recouery , it would make vs look for our Physition Christ. CHAP. LXIII . Of Physicke and Diet , Sicknesse and Health . IN that Christ doth vouchsafe to bee called our Physition , and to bee so , it doth greatly commend vnto vs his kindnesse vnspeakable , and mercie vnmeasurable , that hee would come downe from heauen from his throne of glorie , to become a Physition to heale our desperate diseases . More that hee is no common leach , but such a one as wee may safely put our liues into his hand , it wil appeare easily if we consider the properties of an expert Physition , in whom these three are chiefly to be considered and required . First a sense of the infirmitie , wherby in looking wel ouer vs , we may know the disease the more throughly . Such a one was Christ , Esay 53. He had good cause to know our infirmities , he needed not that any should counsaile him , he knew what was in man. Secondly , a very readie and willing minde to heale them , and take paines with them that are diseased . This also was in our Sauiour , Esay 64. The Spirit of the Lord is vpon me , in that hee hath annointed me , that I was willing to heale the broken hearted , & preach forth the acceptable yeere of the Lord. Thirdly , a facultie and facilitie in healing . This also was in full measure in him . He went about , saith Matthew , doing good , healing euery disease and maladie among the people , which may far more fitly by way of a Metaphor , be translated vnto the soule , where after a more singular way he worketh great masteries , and doth great cures . This is the comfort of all comforts to the groaning soule , to haue a pitifull , a willing , and a skilfull Physition to looke vpon them , and take them in hand . 2 When sicknes or any affliction is vpon vs , wee must take heede that wee indent not with the Lord , but learne presently to liue righteously , and to profit by whatsoeuer is laid vpon vs , though we see not present release . For if the crosse onely humble vs , and wee be not humbled in heart , what shall we be when the crosse is gone ? Therefore let vs see the Lord , and bee humbled , because it is his doing , and with our whole heart subscribe thereunto , and let the Lord remoue it in his time , so that we presently profit by it . 3 A certaine man who had bin three yeeres pained with a grieuous disease , and finding no remedie by Physick , wished many times to die , and yet when he had better considered , he humbled himselfe and said with his heart , If this lie on me all my life , yet wil I serue the Lord , which done he found present ease , and was not troubled therewith afterward . Also when men are fallen into the hands of the Magistrate , or of the discipline of the Church , they will shew great repentance for the time . But when the time of their examination and course of Iustice is past , then also is their pietie past , they are neuer the better ; which sheweth that they were not truly humbled , neither receiued any profit by their present correction . But let vs learne to profit by both , namely , by the immediate , or mediate hād of God vpon vs , and know that if the Lord forgiue our sinnes they shall be forgotten of men , and if we shame our selues , and be truly humbled vnder his hand for them , then the Lord will take away our shame , and whatsoeuer affliction in his due time . 4 If wee promise amendment in the time of our trouble , and yet followe it not in the time of prosperitie : it is for hardnesse of heart . For Pharaoh his example is for to feare , we must not put it off for time to come , but presently learne to amend our liues , otherwise the Lord may deale with vs as he did with him . 5 When sicknes or any other trouble doth afflict vs , if we would know ▪ whether it proceed from the fauour & loue of God towards vs , let vs learne to see it in the example of the theefe on the crosse , who fled vnto God , profited by the crosse , and would that others also should so do : for if we can in trouble flie to God , not to witches , and profit by our crosse , which in it nature is able to make vs worse , whereunto also Sathan will set to his hand ; if wee desire to amend our life , and that others also should amend by our example : by these fruites we may see that our sicknes is sanctified in Christ , and all other our troubles are also sanctified in him . For God would not haue receiued vs so graciously in the sacrifice of his sonne Christ , if he ment to destroy vs , he hath giuen vs so many pledges of his loue : So we may reason with our soules , as Manoal●s wife did with her husband , ludg . 12. 23. 5 Seeing God created all things , nothing hath vertue in it , but as God giueth it ; and when it pleaseth him he taketh it away . Our father Adam liued with hearbs , and yet should haue liued for euer ; but we haue many other things for our nourishment , and yet liue not . Again , our fathers before the flood liued longer than we do , yet had not so many ●●shes as we haue . The children of Israel liued fortie yeeres with Manna , and Moses and Elia ▪ liued fortie daies without meate : all these teach vs , that man liueth not by bread onely , and that the want of the creatures doth not necessarily cast vs into diseases , but that it is our si●●●e which casteth vs into them . Meate doth not nourish vs , Physick doth not heale vs , and the creatures doe not strengthen vs , but the Lord doth all in all , as it pleaseth him , to trie his children , or to punish the wicked . 6 In corporall blessings , if we haue not the spirit to teach vs , that by the word , and by prayer they are sanctified vnto our vse , if we cannot receiue euen euery morsel of meate at Gods hands , as tokens and pledges of his fauour , surely we shall either at the last be brought to loathe them , or to set our hearts too much vpon them : so that the Lord shall be constrained to take them from vs , to make them ●ot , melt , and stinke , so that we shall not finde them , nor haue any good , holy and profitable vse of them . Contrariwise , if the spirit doe teach vs , and assure our hearts , that all the creatures of God are sanctified vnto vs by the word , and by prayer : then shall we giue God due glorie in them , finde profit by them , and haue them so long continued vnto vs , as shall be expedient for vs. Some do looke on the word of God onely to get knowledge , or to be as others are , at the last it will be loathed of them . So the Minister of God if we like him onely for fauour o● some gifts that he hath , and not for that he is the minister of our saluation , we tha● quickly either make him an Idoll , or else vtterly despise him . Therefore if we will alwaies haue them in due estimation , let vs acknowledge them to be such as labour for our saluation . 7 As oftentimes it falleth , that some men receiue naturall sicknesses from their naturall parents ; so doe some likewise receiue from their naturall parents naturall sinnes . 8 When some had admonished him for making mention of old sinnes when he was at the death of any : he said first , I esteeme not men as they are in the time of their sicknesse , but ordinarily I measure them , as they were in their liues . Againe , they are not guiltie of olds sins in death , which repented truly of their old sins in health , and life . Besides , if they be not guiltie , my prayer or speech hurteth them not , but profiteth others : if they be guiltie , the trouble of them shall turne to their good , in that they shall finde the iudgement of this world , and escape the finall iudgement that is to come . 9 He thought that there should not be one Minister for the sicke and the whole in the time of the plague , but that one should minister to the whole , whilest their owne Pastor tended the sicke . 10 So greatly he reioyced in troubles , that he would not wish to be vtterly freed from often infirmities , because the Lord had very much by them prouoked him often to examine himselfe . 11 A certaine godly and especiall friend of his making knowne his purpose in taking physicke to helpe him in a lesse infirmitie , he said , Sir your physick may ease you of some paine , but I hope it shall not purge you of the fauour of God : for although you be eased in this , yet for that God loueth you , he will meete with you in some other thing . 12 Asa was reprooued , because he sought not the Lord when he was sicke of the gowte , which was a punishment of his vnlawfull couenant , 2. Chron. 19 though it came of his age and trauaile . The children of God must so thinke of the meanes , that they see God disposing nature , & destituting them of grace , if they faile in the right vse of the meanes . Many now adaies in sicknesse goe to the Physitions with Asa , neuer considering their sins , the iust cause therof . It is good to seeke to the Physitions , so that God be first sought to by repentance of that sinne , which we thinke to be the cause of the same . But when the Physition cannot helpe them , and when they know no cause of their sicknesse , but are strangely stricken , and suddenly , then they are found , and say they are taken , as Moses Exod. 4. iuddenly stricken saith , that the Lord hath met him : so the strangenesse of the thing did sooner bring him to God. Therefore as the children of God are by this meanes sooner brought to God , as Moses and Iob ; so the wicked in the like cases doe flie further from God , and thinke it lawfull to goe to witches , when their Physitians cānot help . Let vs then both in ordinarie and extraordinarie meanes of blessings and punishments alwayes confesse , that the hand of the Lord hath wrought it , and seeke to bee cured of him by whom we haue been wounded . And let vs so looke to the meanes , as that wee first reconcile our selues to God for our sinnes , and pacifie him , in that hee may blesse , and not curse the meanes of Physicke . 13 The Lord sendeth plagues one greater than another , yet alwaies threatneth before the plagues doe come ; so that if wee would profit by the threatnings wee should preuent the plague that it should not come . And this vse ought we to make of the threatning , that so we may escape the iudgements by profiting by the word , and by them . 14 Some will say , that they doe not finde in themselues those fruits of true repentance , by their sicknes and troubles , which are set downe to bee in the children of God. Such must take heed that they doe not denie that which God hath wrought in them . Iob could neuer be brought to doe so . But if thy afflictions continue , and thou findest not that profit that should be in thee , reason thus with thy selfe : I am the child of God , and am afflicted , and yet profit not as I ought : therefore God doth continue the same vpon me , that I may reape due profit by it . Therefore I willingly yeelde to the crosse , and take it vp ▪ but if thou feelest not this , yet if in thy heart thou doest loue Gods word , and his children , and all goodnesse , and hatest sinne , and all wickednesse , thou must needes be his child , and therefore be comforted : for because thou art not humbled , therefore thou reapest not the fruit of affliction , and therefore they lie still vpon thee , that at what time soeuer thou art humbled , the Lord may take away the crosse , and giue thee the fruite of thine afflictions . For when thou art humbled , he will cease to afflict . 16 A godly Physition in the time of persecution hauing three patients resorting vnto him , to be cured of one great euill , said : this strange disease and sicknesse be tokeneth some strange sinnes and corruptions to be in you , and therefore if you will by me be freed from the sicknesse , reconcile your selues to God that he may free you from your sinnes . They all at once excused themselues , wherein they bewraying their great ignorance : the Physition vnripped their liues , and at the first inquired of them , if they did not frequent the Masse . They could not plainly denie it , but couertly excused it , saying , that therein they did but as others : which when the man of God perceiued : haue you so highly displeased God , and know not of any sinne to be in you ? goe your wayes , and first learne how grieuous your sinne is , before God : for the Lord hauing laide his rod vppon you , I dare not take it off , vnlesse yee shew fruites of repentance . And thus he dismissed them , vntill they knowing and acknowledging their sinne , with griefe returned , and afterward were healed . CHAP. LXIIII. Of Sathans practises , and of Schisme and securitie . THe Diuell setteth an high estimation of a man , for that ( as wee may reade in the Gospell ) hee thinkes himselfe whilest hee is in a man , to bee in a palace ; but when he is out of a man , hee thinkes himselfe in a desert . Hereof it is , that being cast out , hee keepes such roring , foaming , and trembling , as is wonderfull . Paradise , one would thinke , might haue delighted him being so beautifull : yet hee esteemed it but as a wildernesse in respect of Adam . 2 The Diuell hath a palace of pleasure and a court of libertie for those that he his : but if wee will bee the Lords , wee must be hedged in and stinted , wee must not goe awrie . The Diuell will let you doe , speake and thinke what you will , the more libertie ye vse the better he liketh your seruice : but God hath a st●●ct house , he will haue the heart , the minde , the soule , the bodie , and the whole heart : this is hard seruice : well , it is easie to enter seruice with the diuell , if one say , I will serue you freely , if another say , I will bee a retainer to you , but I will weare Gods liuerie , all shall be receiued , none refused . If you be well , the Diuell is well : if you be quiet , he is quiet , but this is a miserable seruice . 3 The Diuell is very painefull in his assaults . Hee workes with Christ , and doubles his temptations on him , and pursueth him all his life long . When he gate Dauid once to con sent to adulterie , then he trebles his blowes , hee causeth him to make Vriah drunken , he vseth deceit , he causeth him to murther Vriah , yea , he murthered many with him , he wil not be contented with the borders , but he will assay to take the principall citie . Take Peter for an example : first he comes long behind : secōdly , he was haled in by the shoulders , thē he began to palter , after he denied Christ , not long after he sweareth , and last of all he curseth . 4 It is a part of the Diuell his sophistrie , as in good things , to seuer the means from the end , so in euill things , to separate the end from the meanes ; Dauid ioyneth both together , Psalm . 119. I am thine , oh Lord saue me : The Diuell perswades vs , that God will saue vs , but makes vs neuer looke to that , I am thine . In euill hee beareth vs in hand wee may vse the meanes , and neuer come to the end , and so clips off halfe , as when he can suffer this , Eccles. 11. 9. Reioyce , O young man : he would leaue out this , but thou shalt come to iudgement . But these hath God ioyned together , and neither the subtiltie of youth , nor any witte of man , nor all the diuels in hell can separate them , the pleasures of the flesh ▪ and the iudgements of GOD. As to our first parents , Ea●e yee shall not die ; To whom some Salomon might haue saide , if it seeme pleasant to you , Eate it , but death shall come : So in these two that Ezekiel hath ioyned ; the ease of the Pastour , and the blood required at his hands . He might haue saide , goe too , build you Tabernacles , where you may take most profit , and giue eare to nothing , yet God shall bring you to iudgement , God with a chaine of Adamant hath knit the pleasure of the world with iudgement , he that hath one must haue both . 5 It is often the pollicie of Sathan , to make vs trauaile in some good things to come , when more fitly we might be occupied in good things present . 6 Wee must be proude against Sathan in CHRIST , and humble to all men in Christ. 7 Sathan will tempt vs , though hee cannot ouercome vs. 8 As GOD and his Angels are about vs , so is the Diuell and his Angels : and as the good Angels haue not bene seene , but extraordinarily : so are the euill Angels , and he that depriueth himselfe of this meditation weakeneth his Faith. For it is to our comfort , that though we be in daunger , and no man by vs , yet GOD and his Angels are with vs to keepe v● ▪ And this meditation ought also to humble vs , that though in euill doing no man can see and hurt vs , yet the Diuell , and euill spirits still houer ouer vs. Againe , we must know , that as the Angels haue appeared to good men for speciall defence : so the soule spirites may appeare to some men for speciall sinnes : which euill spirites are not the soules of an●e departed , as in the blind papacie it was imagined , but the euill spirites in the Ayre , as the Apostle speaketh , Ephes. 6. 12. which are there truly called the Princes of the darkenes of this world , because they doe as Lords , command , and sway in the blinde soules of men , Ephes. 2. 1. 2. Iohn . 1. 4. 5. 9 Experience teacheth , that manie meddle with the matters of the Church , which are senselesse and barraine in the doctrine of Newe-birth . But alas , what if a man knewe all things , and knew not himselfe to bee a new man in CHRIST ? all is nothing . Wee must stirre vp our owne sluggishnes , by the forwardnes we see in others , so shall we rightly profit by Gods graces in them . 10 If wee play with our owne affections , sinne in the ende from sport will spurre vs to confusion : for though we be giuen to flatter and presume of our selues , that being twist or thrise spared we dare sinne againe : yet we must know that the Lorde will recompence his long carrying with wrath in the ende . 11 As a man being out lawed , may take his pleasure for a while , but whatsoeuer and wheresoeuer he may be taken , he must yeelde to the punishment which by verdict he is appointed : so the wicked on whom sentence of damnation is alreadie passed , may for a while shake off their paine with vaine pleasure , but afterward they shall bee arrested , and carried violently to the place of woefull execution . But for the godly vnto whose conscience , the assurance of their inheritance of heauen , by the euidence of the Gospell and ●eale of the Spirit is ratified , all the diuels in hell shall not preuaile against them , but in death they shall bee warned to make their open appearance in the day of the resurrection , yet as honest and before the Iudge , and not as fellonious offenders . 12 It is a fearefull thing to be ouer quiet with our selues when we haue sinned : for the way to draw sinne with Cart-ropes , is , not to bee grieued with sinne ; and the casting or shaking of temporall griefe , is the way to eternall griefe . When wee haue sometime quaked at sinne , which wee haue seene in others , and afterward ( although wee like it not yet ) if wee dislike it not with as great indignation , as we were wont to doe , but by little and little wee can well away with it : It is greatly to be feared , that by degrees wee shall fall into the same sinne or sinnes our selues . 13 Many that are not meere euill men by securitie , haue fallen into the hands of Gods iudgement . 14 It is the righteous iudgement of God , that there often is most deadly enmitie , where hath bene worldly and carnall amitie . If there bee any hatred risen betweene our selues and such men , who haue bene our friends , let vs examine our selues if wee ●ought first to please God aboue all , and then to please them by good meanes . 15 Gods iudgements are most suddaine , and when men are in greatest delight . Euen in the Sun-shine Sodome was destroied , and in the banquet time Iob● children were slaine : therefore wee are to learne to bee most warie and watchfull , and then most to suspect our selues when the world thinketh least of euill , and is most secure . CHAP. LXV . Of Parents , Education of children , Gouernours of youth , and Care of posteritie . WHen children haue infirmities , their parents are to see and consider whether they haue not receiued such sinnes from them . If they haue , they are rather to pray for their children , than too much to correct them , least they persecute their own sinnes in the persons of their children . 2 When Moses was to goe at the commandement of the Lord into Aegypt , he first returned with his wife to his Father in law Iothro , to haue his leaue of him , thereby shewing his dutie and obediēce vnto him , that so he might giue no occasion of offence , and might auoid all appearance of euill : so must all the children of God , be carefull in the like case , and not to excuse themselues by good meanings . 3 The Lord is carefull that his workes should bee recorded , and that not for his owne cause ; for he knoweth them wel , not for the age present , for that many remember it , but for posteritie to whom he would haue it to come , that in them , thereby hee might bee glorified . Therefore the Lord made choyse of Iosua , to whom he would haue Moses to rehearse the victories which he had giuen the Israelites ouer Amaleck & his people , that he might not be proud thereof nor glorie in his owne strength , but that hee might giue the glorie wholy and onely to the Lord that gaue it . Secondly , that thereby he might be prepared to helpe the people , and to gouerne them after Moses departure . And this must teach vs to pray , that the Lord would euer prepare such as may be profitable to posteritie . And therefore in the 78 Psalme , God commaundeth that the workes of the Lord , should bee taught to posteritie , and so saith Paul to Timothie , deliuer this to men , which may be fit to deliuer it to others , &c. From whence wee may learne , that when the Lord will haue a blessing continued to any people , he wil also prepare instruments to conuey his blessings to posteritie . But when the Lord will not continue his mercie , then will hee depriue them of the meanes . Seeing then in our time men are carefull onely for themselues , and few care for them that shall come after , and that so few regard to Catechise their families : these things , I say , are signes , that the Lord will not continue those mercies to our posteritie which we doe now enioy . 4 Youth especially is to take heede of pleasure : for though fire be good , yet in fl●xe or tinder it is not good ; so though pleasure be good , yet pleasure in youth is not good . We neede not plough for weedes , they will grow fast enough in the fallow . But some will take their pleasure in their youth especially , and they purpose to become good , and to liue grauely hereafter in their age . This is to make a couenant with the diuell , as the diuell said to Christ , I will come out : but the time is not yet come : so we will leaue pleasure when the time comes , and in the meane time he keepeth vs in a purpose . Young men make their sinnes of a double die , Crimzen sinnes , they become a disease of the bones , and custome is turned into a necessitie ; whereupon diuers say , I would faine but I cannot leaue them , of these if one recouer , fortie rotte away . 5 If Sathan can make our youth an vnprofitable age , in all the ages following little good is to be looked for . For if yee once nip the blossome , where is the hope of the Autumne ? Where may we looke for fruite ? Well , if we will needes vse our pleasure , then must we set downe some measure . The diuels rules neuer haue exceptions , but Gods Saints must learne restraint ; we must neuer make our hearts the stewards of our affections , that our thoughts wander not in them , and least in desiring things too much , we exceed when we haue them . There must be the least lusting of these outward things , because there is least vse of them . If a man cannot want them , he will abuse them when he hath them . It is true that Ierom saith : The beginning is honest , but the greatnesse is deformed . And that also sinne is very reasonable in the beginning & very shamefaced . Thamar went first to play the whore with a vaile before her face , but now with an open face : first honest recreation , and then a pleasure of vanitie , recreation before labour , to play before we study , we vse pleasure , but to no good end . 6 There is a generall rule , wantonnesse is the beginning of sinne . We see in Esau , to what great prophanenesse his wanton pleasure in hunting grew . So in the Scriptures there can be found none other beginning of Salomons fal , but this , that 1. Kin. 3. whē he had spent seuen yeeres in building the house of God , he spēt thirteene after in building an house for himselfe . This was scarce a good proportion , to bestow thirteene yeers on his own house , and seuen yeeres on God his house , and the Apes and Peacocks that he brought into the land , set the people in such vanitie , that they vanished away in their wanton thoughts . Idlenesse and trifling be the callings of Gentlemen now adaies , as also needelesse expenses . 1. Tim. 5. 7 If euer we would haue the Church of God to continue among vs : we must bring it into our households , and nourish it in our families . 8 A certaine woman saying without pittie at the birth of a poore childe , here is the mouth , but where is the meate : had this saying replied on her at what time she brought forth a child which died , here is meate , but where is the mouth ? 9 Wee are not to iustifie our selues before God onely by faith , but wee must also iustifie our selues by good workes before men : so that we must not onely labour for our selues , but endeuour to stirre vp others also , and looke one on another , as the Cherubins did , and tell things one to another , as Iohn tolde his brother . We must be carefull for one another , and that not onely for the time present , but for the time to come . This we are bound to doe , and our common dealings ought to bind vs thereunto . We prouide for our children , should we not prouide for the Church which is spiritually tied vnto vs ? Surely , if we consider the plentie and peace , which we enioy , we shall see that it is not for our deserts ▪ for we abound in sinne , and none iniquitie is wanting in vs , but it is the bloud of the Martyrs , who haue purchased this so dearely . For these daies did they sowe with teares , and we haue reaped them with ioy . Now , if we will not haue our posteritie to reape the teares of our liues , then let vs be carefull to sowe the good seede of godlinesse , else they shall feele the smart . The meaning is this , that they which haue househouldes and haue beene called themselues , should labour to leaue behind them a go 〈…〉 eed for the continuance of the Church , as we see in Zache , vnto whose whole house ●●● Lord Iesus brought saluation . It is a fearefull thing to hasten to be worldly , and to linger to an euill thing is an holy lingering , and to make hast to godlines is a godly hastines . Elisha must not salute any , whom he meeteth ; the Apostles must not tarry to talke with any in their iourney , and why ? The Lord requireth great hast in his busines . It is profitable to make hast to heauen , but it is no wisedome to make hast to hell , yet to doe well we finde a Lyon in the streetes , but to doe euill , there is no hoe with vs. Well , the kingdome of God suffereth violence , we must make hast to it , and beware we linger not as the foolish Virgins , to store our selues with Oyle and to furnish our selues with the graces of God. 10 Iob saith , wisedome is not found in that land which liueth in pleasures . If you finde a land of good fellowes , you may seeke somewhere else , for wisedome is not there . If God hath appointed , Gen. 3. that none should eate a crumme of bread without the sweate of his browes , how much more the bread of euerlasting life ? If they be not able to direct themselues , the next way is to seeke counsell of others . But , as Horace saith , This age will beare no admonition . Rehoboam thought his owne counsell best , more resolute at twentie yeares , than at fiftie , yet reason is but as a gristle in vs. Set them in a good way , and yet be vnconstant in it , desirous to trie conclusions easily drawne from euill , and yet they will easily slip the coller , and turne to euill againe . 11 There is no sacrifice so acceptable to the Lord , as for youth to striue with this double , triple and seuen fold corde , to abandon all pleasures , before we haue tasted of the hony with Ionathan . It is acceptable I say before a taste , not after a loathing : God loatheth such seruice , when the streame of affection is weake . Looke how many baites and snares Sathan hath for sinne , so many remedies hath God to crowne vs. But young men will haue their reasons , I will doe it , but for a while : A foolish reason , seeing the whole age of man is but short . God will not allow a minute , therefore not our youth . Againe , in our time we must not looke for longum , but opportunum , this is the time of saluation . It is in man as in other things , in breaking of Horses , luring of Haukes . Vegetius in his fourth booke De remilitari had rather haue a Souldier that neuer learned to fight , than one il brought vp in warfare . Timaeus requireth a double tuition for a Scholler , that had beene ill brought vp . The diseases of the spring are more curable than those of Autumne : So the sinnes of a young man are curable , if they take not many surfets one vpō another . In youth it is easiest to resist the pleasures , which we neuer tasted of . If a young man then say , I will tarrie vntill I be old , before I resist sinne , it is as much as if he should say , I am strong now , I will stay till I be weake . This is the indignitie of our reason , Esay 2. There be sinnes called purple , cri●zen , sinnes of a deepe die . If it be right purple , it was died both in the wooll , and in the threed . So if Sathan doe die vs before we are made cloath , in our youth , whiles we be wooll if we be so died , it is like to sticke by vs. But if we will needs be died purple , we must be so died as purple is taken in the Apocalyps : purple righteous in the blood of the Lambe . When a man hath long had a trustie seruant , he is loath to forgoe him , he wil rather giue him double wages , so is it with the diuell , and thus for their continuance . Augustine said of a young man that had liued riotously in his youth , and afterward sodainely conuerted : I grant true repentance is neuer too late , but late repentance is seldome true . Therefore to make sure worke , let vs carry the yoke in our youth . Often God doth punish the want of his feare in our youth , with the want of wisedome in our age , he punisheth the flesh with the world . Oh saith Iob , all these things that I suffer , are for the sinnes of my youth , his conscience accused him of nothing else . CHAP. LXVI . Of Gods worship , and of Religion true and false . ALthogh the word of God is alwaies in season to be ministred : yet mens harts ( because of their corruptiō ) are not alwaies in season to receiue it . 2 The Diuell doth oftentimes bring men to superstition in a good thing , that afterward hee might procure them to leaue it off vtterly . 3 Superstition doth breake off loue in all estates . 4 ●is a great and secret offence through the corruption of nature , to perswade our selues that we may goe to see idolatry , though in heart we consent not vnto it . But doubtles as by the iudgment of God we often fall into that sinne , which before we did not know , so the offence is great . First , in respect of our corruption which naturally is giuen to superstition , Secondly , in respect of our brethren , if they bee strong , to grieue them ; if they be weake to offend them . Thirdly , in respect of Gods glorie , the zeale whereof should make vs with heroicall spirits , to crie out against such sinne . 5 In the first Commandement the substance of Gods worship is set downe , in the second the meanes , in the third the ende ; and in the fourth , is the time prescribed , wherein these things especially are to be practised . 6 God requireth the body to worship him as well as the soule , and therfore let him that hath an eare to heare , heire : he that hath a tongue to speake , let him speake ; hee that hath hands to lifte vp , let him lift them vp : and hee that hath knees to bow , let him bow them . There are strāge speeches to this end in the scripture that not only they that haue tongues should praise the Lord , but euery thing that hath breath ; yea , hee requireth to be praised of euery bone in the bodie . The right & title whereby God chalengeth this seruice of our members , is because wee are his , and when we were not his , hee redeemed vs with a price . First , the clay whereof we are made was his , by creation of right he may claime vs : he findeth vs here at his own charge , cost , and expences , and so by the testimony of the booke of his prouidence we are his . The LORD by bleeding from his heart by the speare , from his hands & feete by the nailes , from his head by the Thornes purchased vs to his seruice , and therefore his title to the bodie is good : wherefore against the Anabaptists & Familists we say , that as God is the God of the spirit , so he is the God of all flesh ; and though he will be worshipped in spirit , yet not in spirit only , but in truth also , which truth ( being his word ) requireth the seruice of the bodie . So many then as refusing the congregation , making the corners of their chambers only witnesses of their religion , detract from the Lord his worship . But they excuse themselues with fearing the suspition of hypocrites , an easie slander , a thing that none can purge himselfe of , a case therfore to be referred to the Lord himself . But these men of all other do euill in speaking against hypocrisie : for if they be no more inward than they are outward , if their Chamber-holines , be no more than their Chappellgodlines , then are they of all men most miserable . Reade Psal. 122. and 84. and 68. and we shall see the Prophet Dauid highly to magnifie that which they smally account of . 7 Many carnall men thinke they can trust in God and in riches too : they will carrie two bowstrings into the field , that if one faile another may serue . But we must serue God either euer or neuer , either in all or in none , either euery where , or no where . These mē will not say with Christ , one thing is necessary , but they will serue God and the world . Thus some pray to God , and perform their vowes to the diuel , some are only retainers to Christ and beare his liuerie , but are indeed the seruants of sinne and their owne corruption , some beare the marke of God in their foreheads and in profession ; but they beare the marke of the beast in their hands and conuersation : wee dare and must credite the Lord with our soules , why should we not credite him with our bodies also ? God knoweth that wee are but fraile , and he hauing made vs , will surely preserue vs. 8 The place where God is worshipped , is called in the Scriptures , The presence and face of the Lord. It is oftentimes said in the Psalmes , that we must come before the face of the Lord , and they that eate of the sacrifices are said to eate with the Lord. Therefore when we come to heare the Word , to or pray , to receiue the Sacraments , we come euen before the Lord , where he sheweth his presence more cleerely , although wheresoeuer we be we are in his presence : for as the power of the Prince is ouer all the land , yet his chiefe presence ●●●● the Court ; so is the presence of the Lord chiefly in the house of prayer , though he be euery where : which if men would rightly consider of , then would they also take heede with what feete they enter into the house of the Lord , and would not ●e so bolde as to come thither without preparation , nor to passe away without any meditation of that which they haue done or heard . The want of this perswasion causeth all carelesnes , both before and after , and when wee are present . If this kinde of dealing will not bee liked nor allowed of any worldly Prince ; that men should bee admitted to the Chamber-of-presence , and yet care not what they speake , nor how they b●lieue themselues : surely the Lorde will not alwayes beare with such as abuse the house of praier , and ●●reuerently behaue themselues in his holy presence : though for a time hee suffer them , yet certainly in the ende he will be sure to punish it most grieuously . Therefore we had neede to be watchfull ouer our selues both soules and bodies , least by abusing our selues before the face of the Lord , we prouoke him vnto anger , and cause his displeasure to fall vpon vs. 9 In the beginning of our gracious Soueraigne her raigne , it was vsually said , that the dearths that then were , was for the New learning . Afterwardes the Lord sent peace and wealth , as wee doe now see : whereby he giueth vs to vnderstand , that it is he that brought them from poperie , so that now hereafter none can complaine . Wherefore they doe sinne very grieuously that shall say the Gospell hath brought dearth , diseases , and warre ▪ For we can all testifie , that the Gospell hath brought peace , plentie , and health , which if wee will not belieue , then the Lorde will roote vs out , though for his Name and glories sake , and for his Sonne Christs sake , he will raise vp a seede after vs , that shall confesse this to his glorie , as we see in the example of the Israelites , which had a Iosuah and a Caleb . But as hee punished the Aegyptians because they were ignorant , and the Israelites because they abused knowledge ; as hee punished the Israelites because they would not worship him , and punished the Aegyptians because they would not suffer them to worship him : so he hath punished the Papists because they were false worshippers , and the Protestants for that they abuse the true worship : and as hee punished the Papists , because they would not suffer the Lord to be worshipped ; so will hee punish the Protestants , if they will not worship him in spirit and truth , for there is like proportion . 10 Some will say , what can we gaine by hearing the Word , can we liue by prayer ? Our household must be prouided for : if we could come by our liuing so easilie as some doe , or if wee were as well to liue as such a man is , we would serue God then as well as any of them , they may serue God freely , and without any cares to hinder them , we must take p●ines for our liuing , necessity calleth vpon vs to follow our labour . But dost thou not know●ô man , that the Lord leauing thee in this neede , doth now proue thee , whether thou serue him for thine owne ease , or for his glorie sake ? If thou doe not now discerne of thy temptation , and applie thy self to the seruing of God , in hearing , praying , reading , & thinking of his Word , but doest in a greedy care seeke after earthly things , be sure that if thou be his sonne ▪ he wil at one time or other correct thee , & by one way or other waine thy minde from these outward things : but if thou belong not to his couenant of Grace , hee may perhaps giue thee thy desire , and leaue thee also without correction , which is a signe of a Bastard , but at the last he will cut thee off from the things that thy chiefe delight is in , and finally , thou shalt perish euerlastingly in hell . 11 When men will not harken vnto the Truth , then will hee giue them vp to belieue lyes , and when they will not regard his faithfull ministers , that labour with them to bring them to holinesse , then will he leaue them to such deceitfull workers as shall please them in prophanenesse . And as it fared with Pharaoh and his people ▪ that would not belieue Moset , but hearkened to the sorcerers of Aegypt , so shall it fare with all those that will not belieue Gods faithfull seruants , the true Preachers and ministers of the Gospell , but will be led & headlongly caried away with popish seminaries , and such wicked guides as sowe false doctrine , and leade them into all errors and heresies . The Sorcerers could not take away the plagues of the Frogges , &c. but indeed they caused moe to come , wherby the King and his people were the more troubled : so is it in all false religion , they will bring men ●●to many troubles , but they cannot helpe them out of one , they will helpe to perfect sinne in men , but they cannot rid men out of one sinne . It is proper to the word of God onely , and to the true doctrine deliuered out of the same , that ministreth comfort to Gods people in their troubles , and stayeth them in their distresses , as Dauid saith , Except thy law had been my delight , I had perished in my troubles , Psalme 119. 92. Wherefore if in death , and in troubles wee will bee quickned and comforted , let vs delight in the statutes of the Lord , and wholy depend vpon the doctrine of his word . 12 Moses was not so well when he was in Madian , as if hee had beene in Canaan , yet better than when hee was in Aegypt : for though Iethro had not the worship of God pure in euery respect yet was not he an Idolater . For then Moses would not haue dwelt with him , nor yet haue sacrificed with him , if he had offered to a strange God. Whence we learne two things ; the first , that if we haue the chiefe and principall points of religion with vs although there may be some wants and defects , yet that we make much of Gods great blessing therein , and labour carefully & diligently to vse them , shewing our selues thankful to God for them : so wil the Lord in his due time bestowe moe blessings vpon vs , & minister that which is wanting vnto vs ▪ Secondly , that the Lord will alwayes haue some to keepe his truth , to the glorie of his own name , and the condemnation of the wicked . Iethroes religion may be tried by these notes . 1. That he reioyced more for the deliuerance of Gods people , than for the promotion of his sonne . 2. Because he was carefull to confirme his faith , by the experience of them which had receiued greater graces . 3. Because his ioy did breake out into an open profession of sacrifice . 4. His diuine speech and good counsaile which he gaue to Moses , doth testifie that he was a pure worshipper of God : at the least he held the chiefest , and was not a nouice in religion . By Iethro his example we may learne to trie our religion , if it bee pure , then it worketh in vs a care to vse all the meanes . 2. We take ioy in them . 3. We expresse the fruites of it in our life . 4. We reioyce more at the prosperitie of Gods people , than at our owne preferments or commoditie . CHAP. LXVII . Of Regeneration , and Sanctification . IT is a greater miracle that a man should become a new creature , than a man should be cured of neuer so strange a disease . Hereunto agree the Prophets , as Esay 11. where it is shewed , that men as sauage as wilde beasts shall change their nature , and become tame , so that the Prophet counteth this a miracle : yea , if wee our selues saw the wilde beasts tamed , we would count it a miracle . The Fathers thinke that the regenerating of a man is more miraculous , than to turne water into wine : for the wine is of the grape , the grape is of the tree , the tree is nourished by the water , so that wine after a sort doth come of water : so that the one is more common : the other is to bring out one contrary out of another , & a thing of that which haue no cause going before , and he that marueileth not at the conuersion of men , he hath not tasted of the gift of regeneration , and new birth . 2 Men must first bee made , by feeling of their sinnes , to seeke after Christ ; then by an holy faith to finde Christ ; and then by newnes of life to dwell with Christ. 3 Wee haue nothing to doe with God the Father , the Sonne , or the holy Ghost , vnlesse we be regenerated . 4 As wee haue taken a vaine delight in the vaine course of this life ; so wee must sigh and pray , to be delighted spiritually in ▪ spirituall things . If the blood of Christ hath washed vs from the guiltinesse of our sins , then the holy Ghost hath purged vs from the filthines of our sinnes . 5 The reason why the graces of God are sweetest in our new birth , is , because wee doe after the same , fall somwhat to the flesh againe , otherwise it would not bee so . And regeneration ( Ioh 3. ) is the worke of the spirit only , although in respect of vs it seemeth contrarie betweene vs and the world : for the world thinkes the pleasures present alwaies sweetest : so doe not the children of God , euen of their spiritual delights , nay they are contrary in another thing to themselues , for they thinke their present corruptions and temptations euer greatest , as in sicke men , the last sicknesse is the sorest , but they thinke the present feelings of the spirit euer least , though it may be , they be as great as euer they were before : but who knoweth the cause of these things , seeing it proceedeth wholy from the spirit of God , who as the winde bloweth here and there , and in what measure it pleaseth him . 6 Seeing we are the temples wherein the Lord will vouchsafe to dwell , it is good reason we should cleanse our selues . In respect wherof , first the Prophet Esay . 52. 11. and then the Apostle , 1. Cor. 6. 17. building the exhortation of cleansing , presuppose this , that where God will dwell there is a place cleansed , and indeed a temple . 7 There is no man of iudgement , that though in other places he thinkes many things lawfull , or at the least indifferent in their owne nature to be done , yet he will not doe them in the temple . So consequently , if wee be Gods temple ( as euery Christian ought to bee wheresoeuer he goes ) we must be cleansed . Againe , for that the Lord hath made vs priests , and we must carry the vessels of the Lord , therefore we must be cleane , Reuel . 1. for priests were to cleanse others , and therefore good reason it was they should be cleane ▪ and wee , if we will be cleansers of others , necessarily we must be cleane our selues . Yet there is a third argument , Iere. 31. 1. which is most effectuall , and that is , because our heauenly father is holy . And if this moue vs not , we are rather as seruants holy , for feare of the whip , or we are mercenaries , we will cleanse our selues for hope of reward . God our father is cleane , therefore we his children must be also cleane . God is of pure eyes , and no defiled thing must enter into the new Ierusalem : wherefore we must cleanse our selues , because wee be the Lords Temple , because we be priests , because our father is cleane and holy . A thing is filthy in the Law , either by touching another thing that is vncleane , or which hath vncleane issue in it selfe , so that there are these kinds of pollutions : the first , if wee touch an vncleane thing : a thing vncleane of it selfe , as a leaper : and thus , if we touch sinne , or the diuel , or any limme of the diuell , which be things vncleane , we shall be also vncleane . The cause is , pitch will defile a man. There is a second kind , which is this : we know that water , for as much as it is a baser substance than the wine , though in it selfe it be no meere vncleane thing , corrupteth the wine being mixed with it : In like sort , the creatures the things of this world , thogh they be not wholy vncleane of themselues , yet because they be things of baser condition than our soules are , if our hearts be set on them , they pollute vs. There is a third kind , and that is not by touching any vncleane thing , but by committing impure by it owne nature : and this is the touch of our owne reason , of our owne wit , of our owne imaginations proceeding of our selues , which will defile vs : though wee touch neither the diuell , nor the world . And indeede this is such a kinde of defiling , as comes by a mans owne sweate , or by our owne blood , being polluted in it selfe , as the babe which God passed by , Ezech. 16. 4. 5. From these kindes of filthinesse we must be cleansed . And yet there is another manner of cleansing , and that is put downe for vs , Leuit. 13. 48. where it is spoken of a warfe or woofe which had beene defiled with the plague of leprosie , that shall be washed . And yet although the Priest see it be cleane , it shall not be cleane , vntill it be washed the second time , vers ▪ 55. We must proceed from cleansing with sope to cleanse with Fullers earth , and with Nitr● . Now , how this cleansing must be , the Lord Iesus sheweth , Ioh. 15 3. 4. Now are yee cleane through the word which I haue spoken vnto you : but the spirit worketh by the word . In Baptisme wee are cleansed , it is not the water that cleanseth vs , but the spirit which is as a fire : how be it this fire hath oyle to minister matter to it , which is the word . This word is that , which quickeneth and inflameth vs : and this is not only holy in it selfe , but it maketh vs holy also , if we beleeue it . 8 If wee were to be cleansed but from some kinde of filthines , it were an easie matter , we would easily conclude it . For there is no man , but cleanseth off some filthines , no man hath all the spots that are mentioned , but to be scoured from all : this makes the purification full . It is saide , Herod heard Iohn , and hee heard him gladly , and hee did manie good things . So he was cleansed in many things , but not in all , when it came to the sweete sinne , Thou shalt not haue thy Brothers wife : which should haue made vp all , then hee broke off . When Felix , Acts 24. had heard Pauls matter , he gaue him libertie , but with all hee hoped he should haue gotten some money , so that his heart was not wholly clensed . Ananias and Saphira , Acts 5. gaue a great part of all their possessions to the Apostles : but all came not , they kept backe a peece . Naaman ( 2. King. 5. ) would worship and sacrifice to none , but to the true God : but yet he would haue the house of his master Rimmon excepted , to offer to the God Moloch . So may we say of our times . The Bethulians would haue a tearme to serue God in : they were tearmers , but it was but for a time . This ( all ) then is that which makes all perfect . And then it is wittily saide of a Father , of this word Catholike : As it signifies an Vniuersitie of all , as that God hath a Catholike Church , that is , in all Ages , and in all places , and of all estates of men , a Church ; so me thinketh , that they are good Catholikes that are sanctified throughout , that will wholly cleanse themselues . So then we must throughly be cleansed ; that is , both in the flesh , and in the spirit : As 2. Cor. 7. 1. both in heart and in hand , Iames , 4 In the Hebrue tongue it is worth the obseruation , how two words commonly to this effect runne together : the one is , that wee must bee straight , as were all the Saints , Iob , Paul , and Daniel , who were alwayes straight : So must they be that deale with God ; they must haue no crookednes in them : the word ( as I thinke ) is alluding to the outward timber in a building . The other word signifies Sound . It must not be hollow , though it be straight . So that these two must goe together , straight , and sound : we must neither be crooked , nor hollow . So referring these to the Saints of God , whom we named , if you looke to their outward parts , they were straight , if you looke into their internals , they were sound . This then serueth well for two sorts of men , which are both hypocrites . There bee some men that will be are the world in hand , that the best side is inward , and the worst outward , as the Nicodemites , who , howsoeuer they doe outwardly , inwardly they worship God deuoutly . Others there are cleane skinned , men as cleane as Alabaster outwardly , but inwardly they bee dissemblers , and they are contrarie to the other , and beare the world in hand , that the best side is outward . These haue the cleannesse of the flesh , though not of the spirit : as the other thinke , they haue the cleannesse of the spirit , though not of the flesh , and these be meere dangerous dissemblers . If a man bow to Baal , one may see a spot of his knee , and yet he will haue a cleane spirit , he is an hypocrite . Well , we must not be halfe Christians , wee must be good Catholikes , cleane throughout , cleane both in the flesh , and in the spirit ▪ 9 The flesh is sure a verie corrupt thing , and wee should soone see it but for the soule , which is as Salte to keepe it from putrifying for a while , which if it be gone , the flesh corrupts streight , which we should see , if we would but take the viewe of a dead man out of the graue ▪ It is but a rotten thing , and therefore all that is bestowed on it , is laide vpon that , which in the end will make all as rottennesse it selfe . They therefore doe euill , that lay out all their substance on their flesh , for it will rot : in regard whereof , the Apostle bids vs not to take any great thought for it , or to prouide much for the lusts thereof , Rom. 13. All that comes of the flesh , and all that ends in the flesh is filthie , and therefore we must not make our flesh a Queene , or as a Paradise on the earth . 10 Our Sauiour CHRIST saith , our righteousnes must exceed the righteousnes of the Scribes and Pharisees , therefore not to exceede the Pharisees , not to exceede Heretikes , nay not to exceede the Heathen men , but to want euen the out ward good things which they haue , sheweth that all our Religion is in vaine . And yet to cleanse hand , foote , eye , tongue , and all without , is called but the cleansing of the outside of the platters . But wee must not rest here . We must goe yet further , and be pure in heart : for Blessed are the pure is heart : such shall receiue the blessing . We had great neede to cleanse our spirits : for as they retained the image of GOD before sinne came , so now being corrupted , they are most corrupt . For euerie thing degenerating into a contrarie Nature to that , which it was , is made most contrarie . The honie a very sweete thing , yet when it is often purified , many haue a most bitter matter of it . So GOD his nature is gentle , and hee is long ere he be prouoked to wrath : but when he is angrie , who is able to abide his wrath ? downe goe mountains and hills , and all before him : so the perfectest part of man being euill , is of all things most abominable to the Lord. This deceiues all men , to thinke some good thing is left in them . But if the tongue which speaketh out of the abundance of the heart , haue but the ouerplus and superfluitie of the heart , be a world of wickednes , ( as S. Iames saith ) how much wickednes thinke yee is in the heart ? Nay ; the sinne of the spirit is so euill , that the Lord hates the smal smoking stemes of it , euen the very euaporations which ascend out of it . There be some motes in it , which in the darke cannot be seene , as in time of superstition , because of their palpable ignorance , they cannot be discerned : but when the Sunne beames come , those little motes are espied . Vntill the Sunne-beame had shined to Paule , he could not see these motes , but afterward he saw , that Thou shalt not lust , was a great thing , and then seeing his motes , he fell out of conceit with himselfe . Our fine spirits now-adayes will admit Religion , but they wil mingle it with that filthines , that comes out of thēselues , I meane their owne wittie conceits . Thus we see , that a man that will grow vp to the cleere hope of a better life , hee must be cleansed from all filthines of the spirite , euen from his finest sinnes : for otherwise they will worke him woe enough . 11 Touching sanctification , wee must haue our direction out of the old Testament , and we must consider , whether our thoughts , words , and works , be cleansed from their outward corruptions , and though we be not guilty to men , notwithstanding , I say , our thoughts are not sure . And all things are impure vnto the Lord , vnles they be sequestred and made impropriate to God ; so that , if we haue set our very thoughts apart to God , then there is a holines begun , and then we are meete not onely for meate , but for a sanctified vse . To vnderstand this the better , we must know that the Iewes ( who referre vs by proportion of sanctification to the signes which the Lawe hath set downe ) say , that sundrie beasts seruing for meat only , were not vncleane , but if they come to an holy vse , they were vncleane . So we , though wee be not vncleane in these outward things , yet that is not enough , wee must be cleane also to serue the Temple , & holy , as the Temple that is holy . Now the difference of the beasts vsed in the Temple , and other cōmon beasts , is in this , the beasts vsed to a common vse were vsed in many things , but those of the Temple , were vsed but to one . So if we be to serue for an holie vse , wee must not be for when and for what we list , but taken vp in thought , word , and deede , to scrue the Lorde : wee are not to bestowe our thoughts on all things , but to referre them to the Lord mediately , or immediately . 12 Certaine it is , that to the cleansing of our selues , as it was in the Lawe , that the go●● and siluer being cleansed for the seruice of God , had such a defiling by the seruice of Idols , that no water could wash them cleane enough , but being neuer so well purged , yet they must of necessitie passe through the fire : so wee say of our corrupt nature , though wee cleanse it , and cleanse it very oft and very much , being so much corrupted both of it selfe and with the touch of outward things ; yet it must needes goe through fire , and passe by death , which must throughly purge it , without which it cannot wholy be purified . For before an vniuersall cleansing , there must be a dissolution of nature . There may be other seruices to vse in vs , as there was of those beasts that were for meat : but when we must come to that one and immediate seruice of God , there cannot be any , vntill our nature he dissolued , and are passed through the furnace of death , and so we shall be freed from all filthines . In the meane season the crackes and breaches of our nature , and the corruption crept into the bones , sinewes , and veines hidden in the secret parts , betweene the marrow and the ioynts , ( whither , the Apostle saith , the word of God doth pearce , Heb. 4. 12 ▪ ) I meane the sinnes of naturall corruption shall not be laide to our charge , and for other pollutions in our soules we are to striue against them , and to growe vp in the feare of God , which ( 2 Cor. 7. 1. ) is to fulfill , as the Virgin Mary fulfilled the daies of her purification , the daies of our sanctification . The word is taken from the text of the booke of Numbers , where the daies of consecrating a Nazarite must be fulfilled . Hee should be many daies in cleansing himselfe , which if they were not fulfilled , his sanctification should not be perfect . So that if the Nazarite coutinued thus vntill the end , then he should be free : but if euen the verie night before his time was ended he touched any vncleane thing , then all that he did before was voide , and hee was to begin all his dayes againe , for he was impure . For so long as any part of the sanctification is to be done , all is vnperfect . This is more cleerly set downe Numb . 19 11. 12. where mention is made of purifying the third day , and the seuenth day , and if the man touching the dead did not fulfill euery day , then though he came neere the end , and fulfilled not the end , he should be impure still : if he purified not himself the third day , he should not be cleane the seuenth day . So we must not deliuer an holinesse to God for a time , or in some causes , or for some persons : but we must throughly fulfill the dayes of our holinesse , not presenting ( I say ) a maimed holines : as in the Law it was not permitted for a man to offer a lame or maimed beast , though it wanted but a taile , which was a small thing , yet for that defect the Lord refused it . There are a great manie of professors , which would needes be men sanctified , but they are loathe to be cleansed , and to fulfill the dayes of their holinesse . They will goe a while , a day , or two dayes , they will not come to the third , and then they are vncleane the seuenth day , and so all their labour is in vaine . Others , when they cannot away with this strictnes to continue , say on this manner : Seeing we are still vnperfect , let vs be vnperfectly vnperfect , let vs be vncleane still , let vs prepare riuers of sinne : for Christ shed streames of blood , the more wee sinne , the greater glorie will come to Christ. And thus they stand at a stay , their holines is a standing holines , it fils not , it stands at a stay , they are no perfect Nazarites , they still lie in their pollutions : their motions are from the house to the Church , and from the Church home againe , and at the yeares end they are as holy as in the beginning of the yeare : they goe & go to the Church , and make many voyages , as an horse in the Mill makes manie circuites , who labours still from morning vntil night , and then he is but where he was at the first : so they are in a motion from morning vntill night , and at night they are euen where they were when they begun in the morning . There is another sort not standing still , but they make many beginnings : and when they come to the third day they beginne againe , and againe , and againe , still they goe backe , and then they must begin againe , and so they come to holines by fits . These manie beginnings are not good . There is but one motion commanded , but it must be continued , we must fulfill our many dayes , when we haue once begun , we must not defile our selues to become new Nazarites . Neither must we stand at a stay , but goe forward ; but if happily we doe fall , wee must take a viewe of our selues , that if we fall not the second time ▪ we will fulfill our dayes indeede . The equitie hereof stands in this , the Lord respects the fruite , and not the blossome . He calles himselfe Alpha , the beginning , for he ▪ is so ; but in respect of the end he is also Omega . So must it stand with them , that are his Temple , they must not be only Alpha , but also Omega , they must fulfill their holines . In regard whereof , we see Ezech. 9. that the mourners are marked , it is with the letter Tau , which is the last letter in the Hebrue Alphabet , and it betokeneth an ende , to shewe they had not quaumes and starts of well doing , but they were men fulfilling their dayes . Wee know the Trees in Gods Orchyard , are Palmes and Cedars . The nature of the Palme tree is to growe being young , and to beare fruit continually : the Cedar though it be long indeede ere it grow , yet when they bring forth they beare fruit long , and when they are very olde . So they that are planted in the Lords house , the older they growe , the more fruite they beare , being of the nature of the Cedar , growing from faith to faith , not making many beginnings . And if the Lord be not content to abound , but to ouer-abound in mercie , then must we also euen abound more and more , in mercie , grace , and sanctification . 13 It is not possible without affliction to enter in Christs kingdome , except ye sup of that cup , and be baptized with that baptisme , that hee was baptized with : Why ? But here is now no persecution . Surely if wee haue not Esaues sword , we shall be sure to haue Ismaels tongue , and that is worse than a two edged sword , This time will affoord no sharper , but when the beast shall be loosed againe , and when the Dogge-dayes come in againe , wee must learne ioy fullie to receiue the other , and to accompt a chaine of golde lesse honourable , than a fetter of yron , which shall be clapt vpon vs for Christ and his Gospell sake . 14 The bellie was the first sword the diuell drew against man. Paul saith to Timothie , drinke no more water : in sicknesse or infirmities we haue leaue to drinke wine , otherwise we must take heed of wine wherein there is excesse . Noah thought that after the great water , wine would haue done him no hurt , but it made him a laughing stock to his owne son . The children of Israel did eate and drinke , and then rose vp to play , for they had not so much lust before meate : and what play plaied they at that time ? that which made Moses breake the Tables for ▪ anger . Lot did most shamefully abuse his body , where though hee cannot be accused for wilfulnes , yet he may be condemned of negligence . And what children came of that stocke ? surely the washpot , and the maker cleane of shooes , the enemies of God his children , which might not be receiued after fourteene generations . Whē Eliah was to be prouided of God , to haue him his Cater , what meate fed he of ? A cake bakte on the coales , and a pot of water : might not God haue sent him rost meate and baked meate ? But he knew it was not best for him . So Daniel being in the lyons den , God might also easily haue caught one of Nabuchadnezzers garde , carrying a seruice vp to the Kings board , to bring meate to Daniel : he seazed vpon Habacucke carrying the Reapers their meat , which I thinke was but a homely seruice . Elisha when he made a set feast for the yong Prophets , they had nothing to dinner but a fewe worts , and there were Coliquintidaes among them too . Daniel durst not venture on the Kings fare , but put vp a supplication , that they might haue nothing but gruell . 15 It is too vnnaturall to yoke the spirit vnder the flesh in most miserable thraldome , to set the crowne on her head to make her a Ladie , and to compell the spirit to take lawes , iniunctions and commandement at her hands ; to set her at the helme , and to make her word to stand , and if she say , I will , that thou abuse thy body with surfettings , drunkennes , adulterie , it must be done whatsoeuer it cost . Why this is to set a blind horse , or an vntuly mad horse formost in the teeme : this is to saw off our owne legge of flesh , and to get vs on a woodden legge ; this is to take the Crown , the Scepter , & the kingdome from the Oliue tree , and Figge tree , and to giue it to the scratching and vnprofitable Bramble , which will serue vs to no vse but to scratch vs by the hands . True it is , it goeth well with this bodie of sinne , that it should be so , and it goeth to her heart it should bee otherwise . But alas consider , though to a man ruled by the flesh , adulterie ●ee at the first as sweete as the honey combe , and as smooth as the oyle , yet the end is verie wormehood : nay , nay , it is a pearcing sword . Though wine in the glasse hath a goodly looke , yet at last it ●●ingeth like a Serpent , and biteth like a Cockatrice . Though to be vnruly in wringing and oppressing , grudge not the conscience awhit ; though stolne water bee sweete , and bread priuily eaten hath a good taste ; yet in the end their mouth shall bee full of grauell , and S●ch●ms whoredome will end with a sword , and Achans Baby lonish garment will cost him his hart blood . Farre otherwise is the condition of the soule than is of the bodie : for where as wee haue neede of a table and sundrie meates to cherish our bodie , and of many sundrie drinks to refresh it , of clothes to wrap it in , of medicines to salue it , and of many other things to support and beare it vp to the soule : to the soule there is but one thing necessarie , euen faith in Christ , this is to it the bread that came downe from heauen , the riuers of water flowing to euerlasting life : this is Esaues coate that smelleth so well in Isaacs nostrels , this is the soueraigne plaister , this is all in all ▪ Oh how much better is that , that needeth but one thing ? By this faith we obtaine the reward promised vs. True it is wee must fight ; and ouercomming we shall haue the reward . Howbeit , God doth not onely set before vs the reward , and intaileth it to vs , but he giueth vs also to ouercome , hee assisteth vs , he encourageth , hee smiteth for vs , he doth all for vs , he giueth vs the meanes : onely this he requireth , that if we feele our selues ouermatched , we will but crie to him , if our heart faile vs to say to him , thou art our buckler . Let vs therefore presse downe the flesh , and exalt the spirit . CHAP. LXVIII . Of the Sabbath . IN Exod. 16. 4. we may read how the Lord would trie the children of Israel , whether they wold keep the Sabbath or no : he applieth the same speech in particular for the keeping of that day , which generally is set down for keeping the whole law , to the end that as diligent as they would be to keepe all the law , so diligent should they be to keepe his Sabbath : and that they might doe this the better , both in keeping it themselues and committing it to posteritie , the mercy of God is commended herein , that he would giue them double Manna for the Sabbath day . The like mercy he gaue to this people when they were in daunger of warre , that the enemies that day should not inuade them . Now although the Lord deale not in the same maner with vs , yet the same promise is made to vs , to take away that too much carefulnes of prouision , which we might excuse our selues by . Then we should trust to this promise , and equitie thereof , as Paul alleageth it , 1. Cor 8 ▪ that albeit the Lord vseth not the same meanes to defend vs , and preserue vs , yet we may be sure that he will euer defend vs and minister to our necessitie . 2 The keeping of this commaundement , is the keeping of all the rest , as the breach of this is the breach of all the rest : for so he saith , Exod. 16. 28. That the Israelites had broken his commandements , when this one was onely broken . 3 The want of the true doctrine of the Sabbath hath bred two extremities . First in Papistrie , it brought so many holy-daies . Secondly in the Gospell , many controuersies about the ceremonies . 4 Of the auncient Fathers , some thought that this day was ceremoniall , and therefore was appointed of the Church , as other daies might also be appointed , and haue beene as we see : Other some said it was meere ceremoniall , and now is ceased , so that now there remaineth a continuall Sabbath : others seeking libertie , haue beene contented to vse it , as their occasion serued . 5 In Exod. 16. Moses speaketh of the Sabbaths , as a thing that was in vse before , and came not in with his ministery ; & therfore no reason it should be abolished with the same . 6 Whatsoeuer was requisite to Adam in his innocencie , and to keepe him from sinne , is now requisite in regeneration to helpe vs out of sinne : if Adam being perfite had yet need of meanes , then much more we , whose regeneration is vnperfite . 7 If Adam being cleane from sinne , had yet need of meanes to keepe him there from : much more we , from whom the dominion of sinne is but only taken away , & yet the remnants of sinne be within vs. This kind of reasoning is good , for we vse it against heretikes , to proue the necessitie of the Word and Sacraments . Adam had need of the Word and Sacraments , hauing the word in his heart and in the outward Commaundement , therefore haue we need of these as he had , though we could come to the perfection of Adam ( which as yet we cannot ) contrarie to the Anabaptist . They will say , we are risen againe ; then let them not eate , let them not marrie , let them shew themselues void of all humane infirmitie , which must needs be , if we be risen againe , for then should we be like Angels . 8 The Commandement of the Sabbath is of such nature , that it was giuen for our infirmitie , as is manifest , for to him all daies are alike , therfore he blessed it to man. Gen. 2. 1. In that he is said to sanctifie it , he did it not for himselfe , but for man , as he is said to sanctifie or blesse the Creatures for mans vse . A man must labour sixe daies , and leade a life actiue , and the seuenth day he must leade a life contemplatiue , in hauing a spirituall vse of the Creatures . Why would the Lord haue the garden dressed ? euen for that it might be more glorious : for there was the Summer and Winter , budding and falling of the leafe , which the Lord wrought by meanes : Euen as needful was it that the soule of Adam should be dressed that he might grow : for although he was made in the Image of God , yet so that he should grow vp therein . And this Commandement is for our imitation , it is plaine by this reason , because that the same words that are here to perswade him to the obedience of this Commandement , is vsed , Exod. 20. to perswade all others to obey the same : therefore as Adam for his infirmitie stood in neede of this helpe , till hee were translated to the heauens , to leade a continuall Sabbath , so is to vs. 9 The end of Marriage in the beginning , was to preserue man in obedience : since his fall there came another end to raise him from his fall , and to helpe him in his obedience : so the end of the Sabbath was one before the fall , and another since . 10 The morall lawe was not giuen first by Moses , but renewed , because the Lord had tried them long by tradition , and they profited not , as is plaine in euery Commandement , and therefore this law for the Sabbath was not then first giuen , but renewed as the others were , wherefore it is no more ceremoniall than the rest . 11 In this that the Lord maketh expresse mention of the sixe daies , and afterwards of the seuenth , it appeareth , that the order of continuing the sixe daies , is here noted to be vsuall , and the Sabbath to come after : therefore it was not then first deliuered by Moses , it was before , though much abused . 12 Yea , the ceremoniall law was in substance before Moses , because we reade of Altars , and holy daies for the sacrifices to be offered in , though they were corrupted : for the lord left not his people to worship as they list , because Obedience was euer better than Sacrifice . The Lord making Lawes , respecteth not what any one man needeth , but what most stand in neede of : therefore seeing there is mention of Priestes , Sacrifices , Altars , Holy-dayes , and that the Gentiles which had these , borrowed them of the Iewes , it is manifest that the Lord neuer left his people to their owne gouernment in his worship . 13 The Lord gaue the ten Commandements and spake them himselfe , Exo. 20 Deu. 5. Yea Moses added many things : hence we may gather that whatsoeues the Lord spake himselfe , it belongeth to all , that which Moses added was for the Iewes , and so is ceremoniall . 14 The Lord sanctifieth this day , when hee commandeth it to holy vses : the people sanctifie it when they so vse it . 15 The Iewes were punished , not for breaking the ceremonie , but for contempt of Gods Commandement , and for doing it with an high hand : as appeareth there , where he that gathered stickes is adiudged to die . For first there is a description of the sin , and then followeth that in practise which was in word or in precept . This is also seene in the lawe of the Fast , wherein no man must worke , for who so wrought , hee should die , not for that he wrought , but for that he contemned the meanes to be humbled : so the like reason generally is for working on the Sabbath and the fasting daies , that they were not punished for the ceremonie , but for contempt of the ordinance of God so necessary . The equirie is , in that the Lord giueth sixe dayes to worke , and but one to serue him , if the first being a permission doth endure for euer , then doth the other also remaine for euer . And that this permission to worke on the sixe daies , cannot be restrained for any religious vse , it appeareth , as in that Adam had the vse of the creatures , & the Apostle doth leaue all things free , and therefore these dayes came not for any religious vses . 16 But some may except , the Lord made holy daies and fasting daies , therfore we may doe so now . Answere , first , exceptions do not take away a generall rule . Secondly , the Lord maketh Lawes for men and not for himselfe : therefore they may not followe him , vnlesse they haue the like reason , as in the day of humbling for any singular benefit , as in the Coronation of the Prince ; yet these daies are not taken vp of men , but the Lord bloweth the Trumpet , and in neglecting them it is sinne , for God must haue this prerogatiue onely , to make Lawes . Seeing the equitie of the Commandement is to vs as well as to them , therefore the Sabbath belongeth to vs as well as to them . The Lord created all things and gaue them to all , and all may haue vse of them : therefore this is a sure proofe that the reason is common to vs with them , and so this Commandement . 17 The exposition of this Commandement sheweth the same : for the worship of God is neuer commanded , but this also is commanded , and the corruption thereof neuer corrected , but this also aboue all the rest : as may appeare in all places of the Scriptures , where mention is made of the Sabbath , especially , Numb . 15. And is all this because of the pretermitting of a Ceremonie ? Would hee not be euer worshipped in spirit ? Neuer to delight in the Ceremonie ? Therefore this was because the meanes of Gods worship were contemned . 18 That it should be changed once it was meet , but neuer to be changed againe : for as then the day of rest for the creation was most fit ; so now the day of our redemption is most fit , seeing now the world is as if it were made new , and therefore cannot be changed . 19 Then they could not kindle fire , which we doe , therefore it was ceremoniall . First , some thinke that commandement was but for time of the wildernes . Secondly , the Iewes in euery commandement had something ceremoniall , which wee haue not now being in CHRIST . As in the second commandement , we are to reade , and teach the word of God , it belongeth to vs as well as to them , but to haue frontlets we are not bound . So of singing , we are bound to haue singing as well as the Iewes , but yet not with Organes and such like . So of burying the dead , we are as staightly charged to do it as the Iewes , yet not with ointments , and such cost as they were at . So in euery commaundement they had some thing pedagogicall which is taken away ; but the commandement it selfe , is more streightly required of vs then of them , because it is more cleerly set forth to vs then to them . 20 Not onely they that spend the Lordes day on their pleasures , are to be reproued as breakers of the Lords seruice : but they also which worke vpon the same . Amongst them , those that are the children of God , whose hearts God hath touched by his spirit , shall see that the Lord will not let them prosper in the same sinne ; but what they take in hand shall goe slowly forward , their bargaines shall bring but small gaine , they shall haue but little vse of that which they buy on that day . Nay , sometimes they shall see that when they have broken the Lords Sabbath , some iudgement or other doth light vpon them and their labours , so that they will confesse that their Sabbath dayes labors stand them in small stead . 21 Manie will obserue streightly their Easter day , but wee must haue euerie weeke an Easter day , to consider of the benefit of Christs Resurrection ; not that we must onely that day thinke thereupon : For as our Father Adam euery day when hee dressed the Garden , should thinke vpon the Creation , yet on the Sabbath day he should wholly giue himselfe to obserue the same : So must wee euery day consider of Christs Resurrection , yet on that day we must doe it wholly , that we may recompence the want of the former dayes . 22 He that keepeth the Sabbath in truth and in conscience , will continually walke vprightly in his calling all the weeke after ; and on the contrarie , hee that is a carelesse prophaner of the Sabbath , if his life be examined , he shall be found to be a loose liuer , if he lie not in some notorious sinne . Therefore if any man desire to walke in the commandements of God , let him labour in conscience to be a sanctifier of the holy Sabbath . 23 Manie will be superstitious obseruers of their popish-holy-daies , and streight keepers of their Easter-day , and then shall all businesse be done quickly , that all may goe to Church : but the Lords day is of small account with them . Yet must we make euery Sabbath day , an Easter-day , ( that is ) a day wherein we are to record the Resurrection of Christ , and all other mercies which God through him , hath shewed on vs , & on those dayes must we labour diligently to feele the fruite of them all . 24 Playing should not be on the Lordes day , because mans finite nature being subiect to distractions , is no lesse hindred by pleasure , then burdened with worldly cogitations : yea , and so many are the exercises of religion and loue , both priuate and publike , appertaining to that day , that a man is not able to performe all the number of them in one day , much lesse then hath he time to follow his delights . 25 Vpon a great raine falling in a Fayre time , not long after the Sabbath , which by the Faire was broken , hee had this working in his heart , how one should order his affections in such a case . First , in respect of God , whether one should not reioyce , seeing men would not be taught by so long preaching , to keepe the Sabbath , that the Lord , euē by his afflictions should teach men his holy ordinance . Secondly , in regard of men , whether he should not pittie them , for that their goods were subiect to such dangers . True it is , that men are to be pittied : but when the question is of Pietie towards GOD , and pittie towards men , it were better to reioyce that the Lord will through some hindrance of worldly things , tender the obeying of his owne ordinance , than pietie should decay , and so many soules perish . 26 Against them that say the Sabbath is ceremonial , we must first marke , that the Prophets are continuall vrgers of the morall lawe , as for the ceremonies , when they came to them , they passe them ouer , saying , that God hath no pleasure in them , as Esay 2. and 66. and among the rest , nothing is more namely , and precisely vrged than the Sabbath , therefore it is no ceremonie . Againe , grant it to be ceremoniall , and yee shall make God a confounder of the Law and Gospell , a mingler of the ceremoniall law with the morall ; and admitting one ceremonie in the Decalogue , why may there not be two or three or moe ? Concerning this mixture , many heresies hereby haue crept into the Church : and it cannot be auoided , if we make the fourth Commandement ceremoniall . We know that whē Saul was among the Prophets , 1. Sam. 19. it was a common saying , Is Saul among the Prophets ? as if it were no good order , but the Prophets should be among themselues , and Saul with his companions . A third reason may be , that Christ in the Gospell deliuereth a summe of the whole law , Loue God aboue all , and thy neighbour as thy selfe . But this summe of the law is meerely morall , therefore the lawe , whereof this is a summe , is meerely morall , except wee will accuse Christ for giuing vs a morall summe of a ceremoniall thing . Besides , the Commandements were but a renuing of the law of nature , for it was written in the brest of Adam by the finger of God. Now there became a declining from this lawe of nature , by the negligence of them that should haue taught it to their children . Therfore would the Lord haue it written once for all . But in the lawe of nature there is no ceremonie , for it is the image of God , and whatsoeuer is in God , it is altogether holy and for euer , and ceremonies are holy but for a time : therefore in the image of God , in the Decalogue , there is no ceremonie , and consequenly the Sabbath is not ceremoniall . A fift reason is this : they that affirme the Sabbath to be a Ceremonie , must either say that the Ceremonie is in the word Sanctifie , or in the word Sabhath : for this is the Commandement , Sanctifie the Sabbath : as for Remember , it is but a prouiso , and no part of the Commandement , but the force of the Commandement stands in the word Sanctifie , and it is a Verbe transitiue , and therefore cannot be without an Accusatiue case , as Day or Sabbath , and in sanctifying is no ceremonie : Therefore the Commandement is no Ceremonie . Moreouer it must needs follow , that that which is concluded by a reason , is commaunded by ● precept ; but in this it is concluded by reason : your labour and rest must bee scanned by Gods labour and rest , and the Lord laboured sixe daies , and tested the seuenth day , therefore you must worke al your workes in sixe , and rest the seuenth . As much reason is this , that as Christ reasoneth how the Diuorce being a thing brought in vpon occasion , did not therefore bind the conscience of the Iewes because from the beginning it was not so , which was as much , as if he should say or insinuate by the contrary , whatsoeuer was from the beginning it bindeth the conscience . So we say of the Sabbath , that it being from the beginning , not onely printed in the breast of Adam , but also sounded in his eares , must therefore binde the conscience . CHAP. LXIX . Of Thankesgiuing and right vse of the creatures . NOne can euer praise the Lord , till he be rauished with his greatnesse , and goodnesse , and the want of this feeling causeth vs to be cold in thanksgiuing , euen as our praiers be cold when we haue but small feeling of sinne . 2 And that wee doe in truth of heart acknowledge God to be the preseruer of vs from all euils , and giuer of all mercies , we may trie by our thankfulnes and prayer . 3 The sin that was in the Israelites is in vs , for the want of one good thing , doth make vs rather to mourne , than the hauing of many good things doth make vs thankfull . 4 We must be thankfull presently and speedily , when wee wil long keepe the remembrance of any mercie . 5 Because our faith yeeldeth but drops of thankfulnes , the Lord is constrained to yeeld but drops of his mercies . 6 Being with one afflicted in body and minde , vnto whom the Lord had shewed great tokens of saluation , and fruitfull to sanctifie the present afflictions : he said , I feare not the time of the visitation of them , that thereby doe grow in the gifts and graces of God : but rather I feare least the time of their deliuerance should be tainted with vnthankfulnes , and so wofully they should loose the fruite of that good which so dearly they purchased of the Lord. 7 Wee haue no continuing citie now , but we looke for another , not that wee may not call these things ours , which are sanctified vnto vs by the word and prayer , and in a good conscience vsing them : but that we should not set our harts vpon them , further than they are sanctified vnto vs , we should not desire to vse them . 1 These outward benefits are promised with a condition , that so far we shall haue them as is for his glorie and our good , with which condition we are commanded to aske them : if then we want any thing , we must know it is not good for vs , but hurtfull : we are to magnifie his mercies , which holdeth those things from vs which are not for our good : and yet giueth vs that by the want thereof , which by the thing enioyed wee could not come vnto . For the thing doth not hurt vs , but our corruptions which abuse it , therefore he keepeth promise when he taketh it away , for he hath made the promise for our good . 9 It hath been the order of the Church , to begin and end their assemblies with praises . And no marueile , for of all sacrifices this seemeth to be most principall . First it was an exercise in Paradise , and it shall be an exercise in heauen . Againe , this exercise shall continue , when all other shall cease . For in heauen we shall not neede the word , nor praier , nor Sacraments , nor discipline , but the praising of God shal not cease , being a peculiar exercise of the Angels and Saints of God in heauen . Besides , to this exercise of praising God are all other exercises directed . For why do we heare the word , but that feeling increase of knowledge , we may praise God ? Why doe we pray , but that hauing experience of God his mercie , we may more amply giue thankes to God ? Why doe we receiue the Sacraments , but that being rauished with comforts by them , wee might giue greater glorie to God ? And moreouer , if we may coniecture the goodnes of a thing by our vnwillingnes to do it , this exercise may be thought to be the best , because it is the hardest . Large volumes of protestations flie from vs , but in our neede , which would make one beleeue we would be thankfull , but scarse a word of performing any thing is found in vs , after our prayers be heard : wherin also we are not vnlike to the dissembling Shipmen , who in extreame dangers leaue their Oares and fall to prayer , but comming to the land , they fill Cans , and drowne all the remembrance of their gracious deliuerie with deepe drinking . In sicknes & health we are full of praying , but the tempest past wee are too quiet and carelesse . It is marueilous in our Liturgie , that among an hundred praiers , scarse one thanksgiuing is found , and yet in euill matters , either by a natural Logick , or cunning Rhetorick , we haue learned to begin a new suite , with a thankfull commemoration of receiuing the old . CHAP. LXX . Of Temptation . GOd tempteth vs not as the diuell , or the wicked doe to euil , but to trie in what measure we haue profited by his mercies , and yet by the same meanes that the diuell doth , but to a far other end , as to let vs see our vnworthinesse , and weaknes of our faith . If wee did throughly beleeue this , that as many benefits or afflictions wee haue , so many baites are for the diuell , and so many meanes for God to crowne his owne mercies , we should bee very carefull to finish our saluation with feare and trembling . 2 If wee doe truly acknowledge God to be he that preserueth vs in mercie from euill , and wee haue the testimonie of a good conscience : then if the Lord trie vs with want of things , with disquietnesse of minde , &c. wee shall sustaine our selues , because wee knowe it is not for sinne , but for the triall of our faith , because we haue walked in our wayes , and taried in our calling , hee hath some ende in it which wee know not , and therefore wee may looke for his helpe and comfort in his good time , and that hee will giue vs wisedome to beare it , or else recompence our wants in spirituall graces . 3 The Israelites had a great temptation , yet many thinke they were not tempted , to bee brought into a wildernes without meate : if hee should trie vs so now , we would bee as readie to murmur ( though we thinke the contrarie now ) as they were , seeing wee repine if wee want but a little . 4 It is certaine that the Lord doth as wel trie men by benefits , as by want , and a dangerous temptation is it : for as the Israelites were at the bitter waters tried by want ; so also were they tried by enioying the goodnes of God in the Manna : Seeing thē that both waies men are tried , euery man hath to trie what his temptation is , and against what he hath to fight , as if hee be in prosperitie , he hath to fight against pride , securitie and contempt , or smal regarding of Gods creatures , with which we must continually striue , or else he shall haue no triall of his faith , nor comfort in that he hath receiued . Againe , if a man bee in aduersitie , then hath hee to fight against distrust , murmuring , repining , vnpatiencie , and such other , which will ouercome vs , if by faith we do not resist them , and so shall we spoyle our selues of the goodnes of the Lord. 5 Herein hath also euery man to discerne his temptation : a man is sicke , and yet not altogether cast downe ; a man is poore , and yet not oppressed therewith , euen here doth the Lord trie him whether he loue him or no , whether he worship him in truth or not . Herein doth the Lord tempt euery one of vs still , when hee commandeth vs to pray but only for daily bread , wee ought therefore herein to take a triall of our selues , but the ouer ●● hartnesse of our nature is such , that wee can neuer looke to our owne estate present , wisely to thinke of that , but if we be in pouertie , oh then we would serue God indeed if we were rich : if we be in sicknes , we would serue God if we had our health , Againe , being in health , we thinke we would serue God if we were somewhat tamed with sicknes : if wee be rich , wee thinke we should well serue God if we were in pouertie ; in the meane time not studying to glorifie God in sicknes , riches , & health , by thankefulnes for them , and the right vsage of them , to that ende , for which he hath giuen vs them , neither yet regarding in our sicknes and pouertie , with faith and patience to waite on the Lord , being contented to serue and worship him with whatsoeuer he shal lay vpon vs : for by the want of these things the Lord doth proue vs , whether wee worship and serue him for these outward things , or for the louing zeale that we haue of his name and glorie : so that if wee cannot willingly come to reade and heare Gods worde , to pray , and receiue the Sacraments , though wee be pinched with want of things , but we bestow more study , care , and time vpon them , then of this worship of God , it is a manifest signe , that for these things we serue the Lord , or else we would not . 6 By the example of the Israelities , we are taught to take heed that our hearts be rightly & wholy with God , that not onely in the plentifull abundance of things , we can be content to serue him , but also euen in want , and in greatest afflictions , knowing that by this meanes the Lord doth take triall of vs , euen as siluer is tried in the fire , that the drosse may bee burnt and taken away . Secondly , that the mettall bee more pure and fine ; euen so wee by such trials should not onely haue our great corruptions purged , but wee should also bee made more fit for the vse and seruice of the Lord. For of our selues whether we be tempted on the right hand , or on the left , wee are not able to stand , as we see in the Israelites . So long as the Lord continueth true Religiō with this gouernment , euery man thinketh he shall euer stand : but when there shall come a change , there will be a triall : so when God sheweth vs tokens of his loue , wee may thinke we trust in him , but when hee denieth these tokens vnto vs ; there is the triall . When the children of Israel were either in a moderate estate , or in some new deliuerance , they liued very godly , and are commended , but if abundance of things did once make them wanton , they fell to Idolatrie , and when they were in miserie they murmured : where wee see that it is easie to come to generall obedience , but in particular to embrace it in euery place and time , this is harder . Againe , that is onely true faith , which in trouble and want holdeth out constantly , and faileth not for any temptation . 7 The Lord doth trie his people many waies , yet but with one thing at once : as some times with want of bread , or with want of meate , or with want of water , he doth not powre all his punishments at once , to let them see the corruption of their harts , because they are ready to distrust for euery thing : and againe , to let them see , that for many things they cannot be thankfull . This is the ordinarie dealing of the Lord with vs , he doth vs good many waies , he trieth vs sometime one way , somtime another way : & doth not lay all his punishments on men at once , vnlesse their sins be come to the full , and they deserue it : or els if he be minded to take some singular triall of men , as he dealt with Iob , & thus he dealeth with vs , to beare with our weakenes , and to try vs , whether the hauing of many blessings would moue vs rather to follow the Lord , than the want of some one thing would cause vs to forsake him . This may be seene in particular trials , as when he giueth a man many things , and letteth him want his health . If we consider this , we shall see that we are as ready to murmur as euer they were : for if the Lord giue a man two yeeres health , yet one yeeres sicknes doth more make him to murmur , than many yeers of health doth make him thankful . For the want of this will make men deny God , and the Gospell , and to be ready to goe to witches for their health , and will not looke for helpe at the Lords hands . The infidelitie of the Isralites was greatly herein bewrayed , for did God make the waters of Egypt blood ? dried vp the red sea ? made bitter waters sweete ? would not that God also make waters to come out of the rockes in the wildernesse ? their murmuring is here therefore very manifest , and our murmuring is now as great as theirs was . For though men thinke that this people did euill to murmur , & think that now there are greater occasions thē they had : let vs cōsider their temptation , and we shall see it will excuse them , and greatly accuse vs. For what temptation was it to haue many children and cattell , and not to know where to haue water for them ? We vpon lesse occasions will murmur , for though we confesse that we are in better case thē our fathers were , yet because some haue lesse than others haue , therfore they are ready to murmur , though they haue otherwise sufficient : Much more therefore would men murmur if they had nothing , and then would they bid God and his word and all farewell . And hath not God dealt with vs as mercifully as with them ? Yea surely , if we haue harts to consider Gods prouidence , for who cannot see that the Lord hath deliuered him often from dangers ? Whom hath not the Lord dealt his mercy most liberally to ? Therefore are we as much without excuse as euer they were . 8 Moses finding the Israelites to murmur for water , calleth the murmuring , a tempting of God , because it did not proceed of infirmitie , seeing they had tasted of , and felt the wonderfull mercies of God for them , farre greater than this was to giue them drinke : for by the former miracles they knew that God was able and also willing to helpe them , and therefore seeing they still murmured , Moses calleth this a tempting of God , whereas before when they murmured diuers times , yet he did beare with them , as such as did offend of infirmitie . Where we see that God dealing with vs as with them , hath borne with the time of our ignorance , and we may al confesse , that the Lord doth not deale with vs according to the workes of our owne hands : but if we will be ignorant still , and despise instruction , or after we haue had experience of his goodnesse , if then we will presume to tempt God , it is fearefull , when we know the great goodnesse of the Lord , and haue experience of the same in our selues , Psal. 93. 2. When we know it is a sinne which we commit , and yet we will tempt God whether he will punish or no , as Peter rebuked Ananias , Act. 5. and Paul rebuked those who in vaine excuses would eate in Idols temples , saying , doe you prouoke the Lord , 1. Cor. 10. And this was the temptation with which the diuell tempted our Sauiour , saying , cast thy selfe downe . But Christ answered and said , if I should so doe without Gods commandement , I should denie his prouidence which only watcheth ouer men in their waies . And thus he putteth away the diuell ; this then is to tempt God , and this Moses meaneth when he rebuked the people , saying , why tempt yee the Lord ? that is to say , You know your sinne well enough , the dealing of the Lord with you is manifest , and mine also ; now adde not rebellion vnto sin , but if you sinne , then do you tempt the Lord : The Lord in Psalm . 95. passeth ouer other sinnes , and maketh th●● or●● of temptation . 〈◊〉 be sware , &c. Now let vs consider when wee fall into some sinne which we know no● , the Lord is mercifull , but if we then , when we know it is a sinne by the law of God , and when we haue felt euery way the hand of God vpon vs , and the spirit of God checking vs for it , and that the Lord hath vsed meanes to bring vs out of it , if then ( I say ) we sinne , this is a plaine tempting of God. And this wee must apply to our seuerall transgressions , as if a man haue bin an adulterer or an angry person , or c●uetous before his knowledge , the lord will beare with it , but after the Lord hath dealt with vs in these seuerall sinnes as before is set down , then if men doe sinne , this is the tempting of the Lord , and this is the beginning of the wrath of God. And such men stand in a very fickle estate , and are in great daunger to fall into the hands of the Lord. This is then a comfortable doctrine , to heare that the Lord will heare with the offences of our ignorance , and will not lay them to our charge , if then we will goe cheerefully forward , when hee giueth vs knowledge and other meanes to draw vs vnto him : but if we refuse instruction , and will not be drawne from our sinnes , this is a tempting of God , and this shall be laid to our charge : as wee see that the Lord saith to Dauid , that he was in all things vpright before him : but in the case of Vriah ▪ because his other sinnes which he committed , both often and grieuously , were but of humane infirmitie , and this was contrarie to knowledge , and againe he sought meanes to hide his sin , and was not easily brought from it , yet did hee obtaine pardon , because this was but once , and he was much humbled for it : But Saul often doing the same , at last asked counsaile of a familiar spirit by a Witch , which he before had punished , wherein he did cleane contrary to his knowledge , euen for this it was said , that the Lord did cut him off . Wherefore we haue to pray with Dauid . Psal. 19. Lord who doth vnderstand the errors of his life ? then purge vs from our secret sinnes , and keepe vs that no presumptuous sinnes doe beare rule ouer vs. so shall we be free , &c. For if a man sinne against man there may be an arbiter , but if a man sinne against the Lord , who shall deale for him ? As Eli saith to his Sonnes q d. If you had done this being ignorant , it had beene a small matter , but now you that haue beene taught of me the contrary , haue now made the sacrifice of the Lord to stincke , and so haue tempted the Lord. 9 As it is a great comfort that no temptation doth inuade vs , but that which hath taken hold of the nature of man , so this ought to make vs with profit to humble ourselues , that there is no temptation vppon any man , but the same may take hold on vs in time also . 10 Wee are neuer the further from temptation for misliking it , but the nearer , vnlesse as in iudgement we mislike it , so in affection we humble our selues in feare and prayer before the Lord , as knowing the same in time may inuade vs. 11 Wee must not keepe our hearts too close in dangerous temptation , nor denie mercie to others , least God denie mercie to vs. 12 If wee be tempted , let vs examine it by prayer , whether it be contrarie to the word , for sinne by the law is reuealed and rebuked ; if it be sin , then it bringeth the curse , for the Lawe accurseth the sinner ; if it bring a curse , then must we tremble ▪ if we tremble not , let vs suspect that our nature liketh the temptation , and let vs apply prayer : if we tremble in truth , we will neuer doe the thing whereunto we are tempted . 13 When Satan cannot get vs to omit grosse sinnes , hee will assaile vs with spirituall temptations . 14 Those temptations are most dangerous which haue most holy ends . 15 If wee conceale our temptations long , it is the policie of Sathan to make vs keepe his counsell . 16 The Lord through grace doth quench in vs those temptations , which would quench in vs his spirit . 17 Temptations being resisted to bring a proofe of that grace that is in vs ; temptation being receiued argueth corruption in vs. Adam should not haue been worse for his temptation , no more than Christ , but that the one yeelded , the other did not . 18 They that tremble in the temptation , shal triumph after the temptation : our faith is as a pots mouth which being large receiued much , and being narrowe receiueth but little 19 The godly see their temptations oft , much , and with profit ; the vngodly see them seldome , scant , and without profit . 20 Being both feeble in body and sicke in minde , when hee felt the Lords strength in his sicknesse , nourishing him : as also that he did cleere his iudgement , and more and more giue him a misliking of euill , and a liking of good : hee knewe his temptation should goe away in the end . CHAP. LXXI . Of truth and errors , sinceritie and contempt of the word . THere is no profit in teaching or hearing without application . Ephes. 6. Paul speaking of the trueth , calleth it a girdle of truth , it must not bee a loose truth , out of which a man may easily bee shaken , it must be a tied truth , not a ranging truth , if it bee loose about vs , it will fall away with the least flaw of winde Rom. 15. The Apostle speaketh of this putting on of Christ , wee must not make a broad cloath of him , to make him apparel to warme vs at the houre of death , or in some time of trouble , but wee must presently make him a garment , that it may sit as close to vs as our coates . Iames saith in his first chapter , that the word must be ingrafted in vs , it must not hang by vs : but as there is no true grafting without the renting of the old stocke , that the newe graft may hee fastned and closed vp in the rent : so there is no true receiuing of the word , vntill our corrupt wisedome bee rent asunder and the word of God closed vp in stead of it : So that as there is truth required , so a girdle of truth : As Christ is our comfort , so he must be put on : As the word is receiued , so it must bee ingrafted in vs. In more sensible things we are familiarly acquainted with this matter . What profit is there in a plaister , be it neuer so skilfully made , vnlesse it be applied ? Well , nothing indeed is good without applying . The Sunne is comfortable , but what doth it if wee bee shut vp and it neuer come to vs ? What nourishment is in meate , what vse in apparell , if we vse and apply them not ? So Christ and the word not applied are nothing to vs , though most profitable in themselues . 2 Truth is a thing specially esteemed of the Lord , and it is a seruice so acceptable vnto him , that he will not be without it , and therefore a rent or pension due vnto the Lord. But why doth the Lord so require truth at our hands ? the Prophet saith , The Lord hath magnified his truth and his name aboue all things , and he hath put on himselfe , as his name , to bee called the God of truth . And Christ the second person in Trinitie witnesseth his death to this , in calling himselfe , not the God of truth , but truth itselfe , and he bare witnesse before Pilate , that he especially came into the world to beare witnesse to the truth , so greatly he loued it . For the holy Ghost we read Ioh. 14 ▪ He is said to be the spirit of truth . So we see how great a thing this truth is with God , for he makes himselfe glorious in this title , and makes it the Crowne of his head , his Sonne , his Spirit , his Ministers are glorified by it . In a second respect truth is deare , for that Adam being charged to beware of the forbidden fruite , had his first assault of Sathan against the Lords truth , & back-sliding from it , he lost all his posfession in Paradise . Because of this dealing of the Diuell in Paradise , euer since the Lord hath beene very iealous of his truth , and wils men should whatsoeuer they doe remember to pay him truth . The third respect , why the Lord will haue truth , is , because it is a thing most concerning vs , and comforteth vs in the agonie of a distressed cōscience . For in this case mercie cannot so comfort vs , for God hath iustice as well as mercie , and hee is iust as well as he is mercifull ; and for Christ he cannot comfort vs , for he is not giuen to all , and it may be not to thee , and therefore in these two onely there is no comfort . But to challenge the Lord his truth is best , and his faithfulnes in giuing Christ , whom he hath promised , is our chiefest hold , and nothing can put vs beside it . This is the surest tenour of our saluation , because by this we hold whatsoeuer we hold , and howsoeuer we are defectiue in other things , yet in respect of truth we must make much of it . Thus in these respects , that truth is the diadem of the Lord , in respect that Sathan doth so assault it ; & it is the tenour of our saluation , it is sure that it is a pension to bee paid . But to come neerer , whether this truth be in vs or no , we see the earth it selfe is not only true , but liberall to vs. And as it hath truth and mercie , so knowledge is in it too ; for it knoweth al times and seasons , When to receiue , when to returne , it shewes it selfe a cunning Scholler , and it keepes such a comely course in all seasons , as if it had perfect knowledge , and this is another reason , why wee must labour for truth . We may well be compared to a land : For though there be a soule in vs of the substance of heauen , and comming into our bodies made of earth , should make them like to heauen , and so heauen should lift vs vp to heauen from the earth , yet our bodies , which by the soule should be more heauenly , haue so weighed down heauen as it were to the earth , & pressed downe the soule to things below , That we haue set earth as it were aboue heauen in all our attempts and imaginations ▪ and so our soules are become a very ground and land , for all our intent being earthly , we are iustly called earth . 3 There are found out three truths . First , The truth of life , which euery man must labour for . The second is , The truth of Iustice , which is in Common-wealths . The third is , Truth in doctrine and religion , which is in the Church . For that truth of life , which ought to be among men , that we may better vnderstand it , wee will shew it in measures and weights . In a measure there is a Standard , and in weight there is a Seale , and if our measure be equall with the standard , and if our weights be iust with the seale , so as they be neither lighter nor heauier than the standard weight : our measures and weights are true . Now to applie these things : the maine and standard truth is set downe , Ioh. 17. Thy word is the truth : Then here is the point , the word is trueth . If our thoughts bee agreeable to this standard , and then our tongues be agreeable to our harts , well agreeing to the standard , if our doings agree with our tongues ; then comes sinceritie of heart , simplicitie of speech , and constancie of life . Now here is the question then , whether the conclusion wee make in our braine , be equall with the standard , or else our hearts are false , and they being false our tongues are out of rule , and our outward life can neuer be true . For surely if the word haue not taught vs our truth , wee haue no truth in the world , and then wee truly measure all things according to the truth , when we esteeme all things as the word doth esteeme them : looke what conclusions the word hath set downe of the world , and of other things , that must be our conclusion and principle in euery thing . Phil. 3. Paul , who doubtlesse knew the truth , and deliuered nothing but measured by the standard of the truth , hath this conclusion , that to winne Christ , he would lose all : there was nothing so glorious in the world , but he counted it riffe raffe for the attaining of Christ. This is then the first thing to doe al things by the analogy of the word , and then we shall haue but one heart , not a heart and an heart . Otherwise wee shall be as deceiueable as the vineyard that Esay speakes of , whereof grapes were looked for , but it brought foorth wilde grapes . And because men haue worldly conclusions , and the world not the word is their standard , so that they are resolued of their principles speaking thus secretly in their hearts , We will keepe this gaine and profite , they haue lost the truth . So must it be in the simplicitie of our speech , for vnlesse our words bee according to our hearts , we delude our selues . For if in the Church we shall haue an Amen , a great praising of heauen , and a large cursing of sinne , and yet no regard of this simplicitie , all is but an illusion . When men shall publikely sing out of the Psalmes , that nothing is more precious than the word of God , and yet wee set by nothing lesse : this is plaine mockerie to beare the world in hand that we loue the word , and yet our thoughts are more large and deepe , and attentiue to the world . So that wee haue false hearts and dissembling words : and truly though we dare not shew this to the world , and though in our hearts wee care not for a Sermon once in seuen yeeres , yet if wee were asked how wee stood affected to the word , what great credit and commendations would flie out of our mouthes ? But now let vs come to the truth of our actions in stedfastnesse of life , that a man may bind on our word : the ouerthrowing of our liues , doe so much drowne the voice of our mouthes , that whatsoeuer we protest in word , wee spoyle in our workes . The blood of Habel was an action , and it cried vp to heauen : our Amen in our mouthes is drowned by the blood of our actions crying so loude before the Lord. For our actions bewray men , for there is such wringing , going , ouergoing , and incroching , that there is no Truth in our liues , in respect of the concordance of the tongue . And whatsoeuer their bonds are , we must haue other forfeiture vpon forfeitures , to proclaime their falsehood to the world . Now come to the Truth of the Common-wealth , wee see , as the Prophet saith , Iudgement is turned in to Worme-wood , ( that is ) a man had as good eate a hand-full of Worme-wood , as haue our cause pleaded in the Courte . Let Noble-men be neuer so wise to open the Truth , yet the Diuell hath made many wiser in breaking of the Truth , then any can be wise in setting it downe . It is knowne too well , that many grieuances haue beene , for that men haue growne more cunning in ouerthrowing of Iustice , then manie haue bene able to establish Iustice. But euery man would be content to beare this burthen , because it concernes another Courte . But what say you to the Truth of Religion that is among vs ? why , our Doctrine is sound enough , that needes not to be spoken of . No ? Yes surely , very needfull it is to speake of it . Truth indeede runnes about the Church-walles for eares , and goeth about the Pillars , but it findeth no nearers , and as the wise man saith , he that hath a Treasure in store and not in vse , is , as though he had it not : so we may say of our Age , men haue a little knowledge , but for want of vsing it , they are as though they had no knowledge , and seeing wee hide our knowledge if wee haue it , and we cannot speake the truth , at our going in and our going out , as men are charged by Moses , wee cannot be said to haue the truth . So in a second degree Paul would haue vs vse the world , as though we vsed it not , surely had hee made his wish of the Truth , as hee did of the world , hee had surely had it . All our knowledge is a knowledge of the braine , it is not a knowledge of the hart , for it neuer makes vs set lesse on the score of sinne : yee shall see this plaine , wee know that fire will burne , and because wee know it indeede , by no paine almost can wee be brought to put our finger in the fire ; and doubtles , if wee were perswaded that sinne would burne vs as a fire , wee would not so easily put our hands vnto it . And I would know , if a man had a rule or gold-weight , whereby he might measure his timber , & weigh his mettals , and yet he neuer vseth either his rule , or his weights , what good it would doe him . Talke of religion , and begin to speake of the word , and you shall haue manie , that will holde you talke a whole dinner time , or halfe a day , and looke into their liues and common course of their conuersation , and they wil falsifie whatsoeuer they haue said ; so they haue a thing , but without all vse of it . There is yet another thing mentioned , Ephes ▪ 6. and that is a gyrdle of Truth , it must be tyed to vs , but our truth is not gyrt to vs , it sitteth not close to vs , it will easilie be shaken off from vs , if the Crosse come , and persecution shake vs a little , wee can easily shift it off . 4 A man would not willingly dwell by an euill ▪ nature , and hatred will driue any man a way . Truth is hated among vs , and no maruell , though it delight not to be among vs. If a man should take vpon him to plucke vp an olde-hedge , and to admonish one of sinne , straight way one Snake or other will bee ready to hisse at him , and to sting him for his labour . They that should looke to vs , are hated , and if a man be so bold as to tell a man of his fault , he shall haue a rebuke for his paines , with this scoffe or the like : this is one of the wise generation which can telll the truth : so cold an occupation is it to tell the truth . So that we are not onely culpable for not hauing Truth , but because we haue driuen Truth out of the Land. It would grieue me to name mens sinnes herein , but yet your selues know , that a man will sell credite , Faith , and all that he hath , to set Truth out of the way , and shall wee thinke then , that Truth hath any heart to dwell among vs , seeing wee sell it for two-pence , or a groate ; nay , for a paire of old-shooes ? But let vs know , seeing that CHRIST hath pronounced himselfe to be the TRVTH , hee hath made these men that sell the Truth , guiltie of the sinne of Iudas : they sell Christ not for so much , but for halfe so much : nay , for a quarter so much as Iudas sold him . For CHRIST is TRVTH , and CHRIST is solde . 5 Contempt and hatred ouerthroweth all estates , if either the Law be contemned , or the Law-giuer hated . And as in Kingdomes , so it fareth for this point in the Church , if the law of God be not esteemed , then the iealousie of the Lord of Hostes will surely either take away his Law , or punish the abusers of it . The cause of contempt commonly , as they say , is familiaritie . Familiarity breedeth contempt . Indeed the wise men of the world noted , that there were three excellent mothers , which brought forth three very euill daughters . The mothers are these : first Familiaritie , which is the high pitch of friendship , brings vp contempt , so the more we enioy the thing loued , the viler it growes in our eyes . Secondly , truth breeds hatred . The third is peace , and that is the mother of idlenesse and securitie ▪ So that whatsoeuer is free in v●e once , that growes vile , as Manna ( though it were a verie precious thing ) did in the eyes of the Israelites . Yet we must know , that albeit somtime these issue from these mothers , yet they be not their natural daughters . The naturall child of familiaritie is not contempt , but it commeth of our corrupt nature , which is cleane opposite to the nature of God. For as the nature of God is so perfectly good , that he doth turne euen very euill things to very good things , as the malice of the Iewes in putting his Sonne to death , to be a meane of our saluation ; so our nature is so absolutely euill , that it turnes very good things into euill . Wherfore retaining this foolish axiome of vanitie , that nothing is precious but rare & strange things , it commeth not of the nature of the thing , which is still good , but of our nature , which no more esteemes it . In the first of Samuel it is said , the word was precious in those daies , which was , because it was rare , for they accounted highly of Samuel , because they had no Prophet long before , but we must not doe so , neither in other things doe we so . Doe we in naturall things contemne the sunne , the water , and the fire , because they be vsuall ? we doe not . Then surely , naturally we contemne not a thing for familiaritie : but the cause of contempt is the ignorance of the vse of the thing ; and therefore no doubt , as we doe not contemne the sunne , the water , the fire , because we know and are perswaded of the true vse of them : so therefore we doe in long vse contemne the word and prayer , and sacraments , because we know not the necessitie and the vse of them . Whensoeuer then we begin to be cloyed , let vs know the nature of a sinne doth begin to grow in vs , not that in the long vse of the word we are so full of knowledge , but for that we know not the vse of it , and therefore like swine we leaue the pearle , and goe to the shels . Greatly therefore are we to pray against this . Concerning hatred , when the pearles are contemned , the Ieweller is wrathfull , and when the word is despised , the Lord is surely displeased , for which cause good men feeling their spirits to grow hot at the sight of such contempt , and the contemners seeing themselues to be drawen out into the midst of the congregation as it were , then they begin to warre with the Lord and his Ministers , and they seeke either in their liuing to muzzle them , or else to pursue them with the sword of Ismael , that is , with their tongues to smite them , and so to trie them euen as with coles of Iuniper . Dauid complaines , that he was compassed about with dogges , which thing was most accomplished in Christ , who was made of many peeces , sometime thought to be a Demoniacke , sometime a drunkard , sometime a friend of Publicans and sinners ▪ and as they speake of the Master , so wil they speake of the Disciples , whatsoeuer comes into their choler . Yet though there be three parts of the land nought , for the fourth sake we must sow , that though three parts of the congregation be not good , yet for the fourth part we must preach , as Christ , who went about into all places , for an hundred and twentie soules , who no doubt had foure times as many hearers : and so we must follow the renting part for their sake , that heare with reuerence and fruit . 6 The Galathians esteemed of Paul as of an Angel , yea he beareth them witnes that they would haue plucked out their eyes , and haue giuen them to him : and the Millaines were so affected to Ambrose , that they protested that they would rather loose their liues , than their Bishop . Dauid being called from a shepheard to be a king , had friends more than a good many , thicke and three-fold . But when the oyle is powred forth , sharpe wine must goe in . But yet Paul is imprisoned , Ambrose hath faire promises , and Dauid meeteth with one Shemei or other , that will giue him hard good morrowes , and pelt him with stones : so long as the quailes last , and the fleshpots , and Manna comes down as thicke as dust and feathered foules , as the sand of the sea , who but Moses then : but if they haue not flesh at their call , if they fall once a shrugging and whyning , if Moses get him not out of the way , he may be spurd and perchance goe to the pot . Christ if he can so prouide that the water may be turned into wine , and that there be taken vp twelue baskets full , and so they may sit downe on the greene grasse , and eate by 4000. and 5000. it is a trim world , why Christ shal be a king , and Rabbi and Rabboni , and good master and Hosanna in the highest , and all that may be , and more than may be . But if Christ cast out a word , and say that a Prophet is not esteemed in his owne country , his country men are ready to lay hands on him . It is good being for S. Paul at ● conium , if he and Barnabas can promise so , that they can make men whole with a word , such fellowes shal not lacke . Iupiters priest shall be sent for , and sacrifice shall be made ; they shal be taken for no men , but for Iupiter and for Mercury , if they can do vs any good . But if Paul goe and gather stickes , and so a viper cātcheth him by the fingers , then out vpon him murderer , ah wretch , Gods iudgement seazed on him : yet for all this , let him shake it off quickly , and he shall goe for a God. 7 If thou wilt diligently heare , there are two kindes of vnderstanding , one in iudgement , another in heart , the one is but little , the other bringeth practise . Deut. 29. for we are said to erre in hart , though not in iudgement . Psal. 95. so in iudgement though not in ●art , if we vnderstand in heart , thē it will be a small matter to bring practise . For when we allow in iudgement , and loue in heart , then are we carried willingly to that thing : so that if we know a thing which we cannot be brought to do , it is because we vnderstand not in heart . 8 The chiefest thing , that God is pleased with , is to be truly religious , to loue truth with singlenes of hart , and a prepared mind to be obedient vnto it , without the which , though a man should leade an Angels life in outward shew , yet by how much it were the more praise of the world , by so much it is more abhominable in the sight of God. 9 If we play with our owne affections , sinne in the end from sport will spur vs to confusion . For though we are giuen to flatter , and presume of our selues , that being twice or thrice spared , we dare sinne againe , yet we must know that the Lord will recompence his long tarrying with wrath . 10 If any man make no cōscience to walke vprightly , I wil not free him from pouertie , from sicknesse , from heresie : for as well can & will the Lord punish the mind as the body . 11 Pharaoh scorning Gods people and his messengers , the Lord turned it to a blessing , and it may teach vs not to mocke the children of God , & again to heare patiently the practises of scorners , as Dauid did Shemei : and so shall it be turned into a blessing vnto vs. Pharaoh could mocke and contemne God in his prosperitie , but he could not withstand the plagues when they came , but was most fearefull : and this is the course of all the wicked , to contemne God in prosperitie , and to be most fearefull in any trouble . 1 The promises of God must be to vs , as a double string to our bowe , as Iacob ceased not to wrestle , though his thigh was bruised vntill he had the blessing ; so we must not faint in temptation , though we be humbled vntil we haue victorie . We must not despaire of the victorie in temptation , because of our striuing , albeit we haue some infirmities , but rather we must reioyce in our will , and in God his grace , whereby we haue desire to goe to God. 2 We need not goe farre from our selues for monstrous temptations . 3 It is ill halting before a cripple , when one hath beene exercised with many temptations he can discerne others . 4 Sathan by temptations maketh a man forget mirth , & casteth a mist before his eyes that he cannot discerne , & corrupteth his taste that he cannot iudge of meates . A certaine man labouring grieuously of a great sicknesse in body : yet the passions of his minde were such , that he was senselesse of the paine of his body . Againe , the Lord afterward changing his mourning into reioycing , gaue him such abounding comforts of his spirit , that as before through extreame anguish of his spirit ; so now through most wonderfull passions of heauenly ioyes , and assurance of his sinnes pardoned , he felt no outward paine of his body , though dangerously it was afflicted . CHAP. LXXII . Of Witchcraft , vowes , and vnbeleefe . VVItches and wizards can do nothing , as appeareth in that wizard Balaam , Num. 23. who saith , that God must first be displeased , or euer he could preuaile against Israel by his witchcraft ; therefore must we not seeke for helpe of them , they haue not power to hurt nor to helpe vs. Ford God is almighty , and he must helpe thee , therfore turne to him by faith and repentance , and doe not flie to them . Meanes may stay Gods children for a time , that they looke not to God , nor to their sin : yet if the punishment be long vpon them , then they lift vp their eyes vnto God , Psal. 30. 2 As when a man brought into the iayle , conueying him out by bribing the iaylour , purchaseth to himselfe greater punishment , if after he be taken , yet suing to the prince for pardon , getteth it and scapeth cleerely : so if a man be healed by a witch or wizard , which is vnlawfull , he deserueth a greater euill , if the Lord visit him : wherefore let such speedily repent : but if we be healed by the Lord , and the meanes he hath ordained , then wee freely escape and may be thankfull . 3 The wise men of Aegypt could not doe as Moses and Aaron in the small creatures , where we shall note , that witches cannot hurt , further than the Lord wil , as the diuels paces are also limited , and they cannot hurt , when , nor where they wil , but as the Lord is displeased , as Balaam confessed . And Ahab was not deceiued , before the Lord gaue the spirit leaue , that so the hypocrisie of men , which receiue not the truth in loue , may bee detected , yea the Lord may afflict his children for a time hereby , for to let them see their vnbeliefe , and to stay their faith . 4 Many not knowing their owne infirmities , rashly vow , and promise liberally , as whores and theeues , and therefore anon after returne to their vomit . But the children of God , knowing their owne weakenes , are afraid to make large promises , and yet stand more strongly afterwards against sinne . CHAP. LXXIII . Of the word of God : and of the confirmation thereof by wonders . THe Lord being about to giue his lawe vnto the Israelites by the ministerie of Moses his seruant , doth aforehand warne Moses therof , & this he telleth him , that he wil be seen of him in a darke clowd . Of this the Lords strange and wonderfull appearing , there are two ends or causes ; the first was , that hee might get more credit to his law , and also to Moses the Minister of the law . The second was to shew Moses his weakenes & infirmitie , whereby he might be humbled . And for the first , wee see that when the Lord would bring to passe any mighty workes , he did withall shew such mightie signes , as made his works with reuerence to bee receiued , and those whom in his businesse hee had appointed Ministers , to bee well accepted . In the day of Elias , when the law had lost credit in the hearts of men , and was little or nothing at all regarded , then did the Lord wonderfully , worke by his seruant Elias , and did great things by his hands , that credit might once againe bee wonne vnto his law . And when hee brought his sonne into the world , by whom he would publish the Gospell , euen the sauing health of all men , such works were shewed , as had not beene from the beginnings , and such wonders were wrought , as made all men amazed , at such time as these more than ordinarie mercies were brought and offered vnto the world , whereunto these extraordinarie works were coupled and adioyned , and therefore such works cannot ordinarily be looked for , because they were neuer ordinarie . For if such works , and signes , and wonders should now be looked for , and if we should attend vnto them , and beleeue them , the Lord would then haue warranted them to vs by his word , and then hee would haue foretold vs , that such things should after come to passe . And hath he done this ? No , no , hee hath taught vs another lesson , and cleane contrarily hath he admonished vs , when he biddeth vs beware of false Prophets , which come to vs in sheepes clothing , and would purchase credit to themselues by lying signes and wonders . Seeing therefore that there shall be many such false Prophets , especially in the latter daies , which shall be sent abroad euen into all places , effectually to delude those that haue not receiued the truth in loue . And againe seeing the Lord is not bound to meanes , but hee will worke , when , and where , and how it pleaseth him , that we may wisely iudge of them , and discerne the spirit of error from the spirit of Truth and life : it shal be profitable for vs to set downe some true notes of those wonders which are set out to vs in the Word : if by cōparing them together , it may appeare when , and how farre they must be receiued , and contrarilie , when we may and ought to refuse them . The first note or difference is in the works themselues ; the other is in the persons by whose ministery they are wrought : & for the works themselues , which God hath extraordinarily wrought , there hath euermore such Maiestie appeared in them , that the finger of God might be so plainly seene , that all men , yea , euen wicked sorcerers haue bene brought and forced to acknowledge the same : and though the Diuell can turne himselfe into an Angell of Light , and his ministers make a shewe as though they were indeede the ministers of righteousnes ; yet let them worke what they will , and say what they can , neither their workes nor wordes shall beare such an apparant shewe of Maiestie , as the workes of God haue euer done . Euery man therefore may plainely see God in his workes , and none shall bee deceiued by the othes , but those that loue to belieue lyes , and are willing to deceiue themselues , whome God doth iustlie giue ouer to bee deceiued , and to fall from Faith , because they loued not to abide and stand stedfast therein . For as an Ape , of all other liuing things most like a man in shape , & yet most vnlike of all others in qualitie and condition , can deceiue none : but euery one will easily know an Ape from a man , vnlesse they be fooles or children , or such as will bee willingly ignorant : so betweene the workes of God , and the lying wonders of the Diuell , there are so cleare notes of difference that all may easily discerne them , but those that shut their eyes that they may not see , and harden their harts that they cannot vnderstand . The children of God do receiue such wisdome from aboue , and such knowledge doth the Lord in mercie bestow vpon them , that they are able to discerne the spirits , to trie their workes , whether they be of God or no , and to seuer true doctrine from the false . And albeit the Lord sometimes correcting them for their sinnes , doe suffer them for a while to bee deceiued , and that they might hate falsehood the more , doth let them a little bee deluded therewith : yet because the Truth of God it cannot faile , not an haire of their heads perish , it is impossible that they should for euer fall away ; it is impossible that they should finallie be deceiued , and become open enemies of the Trueth , or obstinate maintainers of a lye . Secondly , the Lord did neuer raise vp such extraordinary worke-men , or shewe such extraordinarie workes , but it was either to confirme the doctrine that had bene taught , to get further credite vnto it , or else to make it more cleere , and to giue a greater light vnto the same : As we see in Moses , who came to bring the Law vnto this people ; not a new Lawe , nor contrarie to that which was before , but hee renewed it , confirming , and making it more cleare , and that which they had before , deliuered from hand to hand , that hee gaue in Tables , and that which they afore had practised , he giueth forth vnto them now in Precepts . For by the whole story of Genesis it is soone perceiued , that not onely the morall Lawe contained in the two Tables , but euē the Ceremoniall & the Iudiciall law were knowne vnto Abraham , and others , that liued before the law ; it was neuer lawfull for them to haue any more gods but one only and true God , and so consequently that his pure worship , which was according to his will. The Sabbath was obserued and kept not onely in Paradise , but euen of the Israelites , when they were in Aegypt , before they came to the wildernes : which they could not haue done , had they not receiued it by traditions . The duties also in the second Table were as common , and as well knowne as any others were . And when we reade in Genesis of Priests , and Altars , and sacrifices , differences betweene cleane and vncleane beasts , &c. it doth easily appeare that the substance of the Ceremoniall law was long before Moses his time : the death of adulterers , and the punishment of murtherers , doe plainely declare that they had the politicall Law before the dayes of Moses ; & that he was not the first giuer therof vnto the people : he taught therefore no new or strange doctrine , nor yet contrary to that which was before . He was only the means to confirme it , and to make it more easily to be vnderstood , for he deliuered it in plainer māner than it was deliuered vnto the Fathers . The Prophets did expound it more plainly then he ▪ and as euery Prophet was more nere the time of Christ , so did he bring greater light to that which went before . Iohn Baptist had cleere reuelations than any of the Prophets . For our Sauiour doth prefer him before them , not in respect of his person , but in respect of his office and calling : but the Lord Iesus euen our God and Sauiour , & our onely Prophet of al others , hath brought most cleere light , which hee hath reuealed and made knowne vnto the world , both by himselfe , and the Apostles : whose Epistles and writings are by many degrees more plaine and manifest than the writings of the Prophets which were before them . And do we not see , that since the time that the Lord began to renue the light of the Gospell , and to deliuer vs ( as it were ) from the darknes , wherewith we were well neere oppressed ? Doe we not see , I say , that greater light doth more and more appeare , & that many things are now more manifest than they haue beene in former times and ages ? Moreouer , the law had testimony from the couenāt made with Ahraham , Isaac and Iacob . The Prophets did proue their doctrine by the law , and the couenants , and our Sauiour hath his witnes out of the law and the Prophets : and his Apostles did draw their proofe from all . The law is in the Gospell , and the Gospell in the law : and therefore whosoeuer shall not make their doctrine agreeable to the law & the Gospel , they may , nor ought not to be receiued : but in the boldnesse of Gods good spirit , we may say with S. Paul , Let them be accursed . For the Lord is not contrary , nor vnlike to himselfe . As the spirit spake in old time in the Patriarkes and Prophets , so spake he in the Apostles of our Sauiour Christ , and so will he speake in his true seruants and ministers to the ende of the world : there is with him no variablenes nor shadow of change , but hee abideth euer the same , most like vnto himself : and so doth his word , which is of the same nature . Whosoeuer then shall b●ing vnto vs any doctrine not warranted by Gods word , or contrarie to that which before hath beene deliuered : yea , if he bring it in harder and more darke speeches , than the word of God is , or if hee deliuer it more strangely or obscurely , and yet wil beare vs in hand , and make vs beleeue that he hath cleerer reuelations , we may then iustly suspect him of vntruth , and vtterly refuse him , further than by certaine grounds & reasons out of Gods word , he doth confirme his Doctrine . And as we may rightly hold all the doctrines of men accursed , when they speake or write any thing contrary to the holesome word of truth , or else doe adde anything thereto . So likewise if any shall take away from the word of God one iot or tittle : we may in the feare of God , and in the zeale of his truth pronounce against him that sentence , wherewith God in great wisedome hath closed vp his holy Scriptures : The Lord will take his part out of the booke of life , and out of the holy citie , and out of those things which are written in this booke . 2 Iohn saith , the Spirit bloweth where it listeth , so also as much as it listeth , sometime breathing softly like the coole ayre , and sometime like the whirle-winde : for man is full of wandring thoughts , and imaginations , especially when he heareth the word : but nothing is more dangerous than the yong mans heart , which is in all places of the world at once , if you speake not what he thinketh , he doth not attend , if hee be not astonished : and for this cause doth the holy Ghost often offer galling concessions , and pinching permissions , as Eccl. 10. God seemeth in such speeches at the first to fauour sinne . But as we lift vp a thing high , to driue it the harder , so God vseth such speeches to throw them to eternal destruction , to breake them to fitters . Yea we would thinke the Lord to be a proctor of euill , if hee should not sometimes be very vehement . The bitterest kind of deniall is to bid vs go , yet so ●●ine would God worke on our heart , that he vseth such vehemencie . 3 It is as farre from God his nature to deride any man , as it is for him to repent : but our sins are so great , that if it were possible , yee should make him a scoffer . But as when saluation is wrought in the highest measure , it is wrought in greatest compassion ; so the highest point of reuenge is derision . Wee know the nature of God is full of pitie , and ( vnlesse it be to very euill persons ) his speeches are full of compassion . Speake my people , saith he , Micah . 6. And Esay . 5. What haue I not done that I could doe to thee ? And , Oh that my people would haue heard , Psal. 81. And when they would not heare , he speaketh to the dumbe creatures : Heare heauen and earth , Esay 1. And Christ saith , O Ierusalem , Ierusalem , &c. These are good and royall speeches , which are very sweete , and sweetnes it selfe . But when he speaketh to the desperate and wicked , he changeth his speech into sharpenes , as Mat. 6. If light be darknes , how great is that darknes ▪ If sweetnes become bitternes , how great is that bitternes ? Euery thing , when it degenerateth into his contrarie , becommeth most contrary , as of the sweetest wine is made the sowrest vineger , and that , which is coldest , when it is boyled , is most feruent , the sea calmest , when it is moued , is most raging . Augustine saith , that his laughter is more to bee feared than his anger . That which he speaketh with laughter , let vs reade with weeping . For God neuer vseth such speeches of derisiō , but there followeth immediatly destruction . Prou , 1. 26 27. Psal. 2. Hee will laugh them to scorne , and then will breake them in peeces . And because this is the last warning before iudgement , when wee finde the Lord speaking so vnto vs , it is as much , as if he should say : Now heare the word , or neuer . Well these speeches are vsed to wilfull sinners , as Micaiah speaketh to the King , that would go to battaile , whatsoeuer came of it , Go to and prosper , Prou 2. Because you haue not heard any word , nor profited by my sermons , nor by my inward checks , nor come when I shewed out my benefite , but refused my correction , then commeth this : I will laugh at your destruction . Ephraim will needes follow Idols , well let him saith God , Iosu 4 Psal. 2. We will not be yoked : and will ye not ? goe to , the Lord in heauen will yoke you . And againe , such as drinke iniquitie , till they haue no vse of God his gifts in them , woe be to them . 4 We must redeeme time euen from our ordinary callings , to read the holy Scriptures . 5 It is best to note the general vertue of the word , and not to vse exceptions , but vpon particular and constraining necessitie . 6 It is the grace of God , when the word of God is of such credit with vs , that it humbleth vs more than all manner of corrections . 7 The vsuall dealing of the Lord is , that hee first sendeth his word , then his wonders : which if they preuaile not , then doth hee fall to afflicting vs , and the ending of one crosse shall be the beginning of another , till he hath brought vs to him , if we be his ; or till we bee hardened , if we belong not to him . 8 The word of God is the sauour of life to some , and the sauour of death to others , * it bringeth some to repentance , and others it hardeneth . 9 We must esteeme highly of the Sacraments , & admonitions of our brethren , because in contempt of these we despise Gods ordinance , and they can neuer haue their fruit in vs. For whosoeuer haue felt the fruites of the spirit , can tell that nothing is so comfortable to vs , as that great ioy , which they felt in the right vse of these holy ordinances of God. And hereof commeth that continuall ioy which the children of God take and finde in reading , hearing , and speaking of his word , prayer & Sacraments . Therfore let vs learne to esteeme the word of God , which hath been offered so long , and let not our corruption as in other things , so in this lesse esteeme it , because it hath been long with vs , which through corruption we shall doe , if God by his great grace doe not sustaine vs. 10 Our father Adam had nothing to leade him by , but the great booke of the creatures , which when by sinne it was blotted , the Lord supplied this want by the word though not written ( which is cleere ) ( for that without faith it is impossible to please God ) but Abel by faith pleased God , and that faith presupposed the word , therefore they had the word : for which cause some were called the sonnes of God , because they were ruled by the word of God. And this word is said by the Apostles and Prophets , that it endereth for euer : therefore our Fathers had this word , though not alwayes written . 11 We must learne principally those things , which the spirit of God most purposeth to teach vs , and be more sparing in those things , which to knowe , Gods spirit is the more sparing to teach vs. 12 Although the word of God is alwayes in season to be ministred , yet mens hearts are not alwayes in season to receiue it . 13 To one that said she had a thing told her in the spirit that should vndoubtedly come to passe : he answered , how it might bee of God : who after some great and grieuous conflict , comforteth her . But euermore such workings are according to the word , if they be of God. And seeing such inward motions , for the most part are either offered or wrought by our owne corruption , or sent of the diuel , as an illusion : we must trie these motions by the word , whether they be for spirituall or temporall things : if they be of God and according to his word beleeue them for the words sake , and not onely because of the reuelations : if they agree not to the word how pleasant soeuer they seeme to flesh and blood , listen not then to them too much , and lesse beleeue them . 14 The word of God is reuerenced with many titles , it is the reuealed will of God ; the librarie of the holy Ghost ; the cubit of the Sanctuarie ; the Lanterne of Israel , Psa. 119. ●09 . the spirituall Manna ; Christ his Aphorismes ; the wisedome of the crosse ; the Lord his legacie ; the touchstone of error ; the key of the sheepfold ; the mystery of godlinesse ; the oldest way of life and truth , Prou. 28 the fulnes of knowledge ; the Schoole-master of mankind ; the beacon of the soule ; the seede of new birth ; the mouth of the Lord Iehouah ; the two-edged sword ; the acts and statutes of the highest Parliament ; the mint of the Church ; the lode-starre of the faithfull pilgrim ; the signe● of God his right hand ; ●he Lambes book ; the watch-b●l ; the glasse of our life , 1. Pet. 2. 2 the scepter of his kingdom , the arch of the truth ; the breath of the holy Ghost ; God his Oracle ; the Epistle of God to the world ; the inestim●ble pearle ; the tenour of our freehold ; the couenant of promise ; the Court-roule of his fi●es and amercements ; the well of the water of life ; the Lord his treasurie ; the lightning and thūder of the most High. Whē God speaketh any thing , although it be no more than once spoken , we ought to receiue it with that faith and deuotion , as if it had often bin spoken . Wee must thinke of the Lord his writings at the least , to be as sure ▪ as the proclamations of the Medes and Persians , which alter not , Dan. 6. 12. Euerie iot & title in the librarie of the holy Ghost , is fined , hath passed seuen times through the fire , ere it come to our hands , so it shall not neede the furnace of our vaine reason , for it further triall , Psal. 12. This word was giuen first by God in his owne person : secondly , by the ministerie of Angels : thirdly , by his seruants the Prophets : fourthly , by his owne Sonne , Coloss. 2. 3. it was written , 2. Pet. 1. 21. it was inspired , 2. Timoth-3 . ●6 it is perfit , Prou. 30. 6. Deut. 4. 2. it is plaine , Ioh. 7. 17. Whereunto we must giue our diligence , bewaring that the rule of our obedience be not our owne good intent , wil or deuotion : nor the rebellious affections of our corrupt nature : nor that wisedome , inuentions , doctrines of the carnal man , nor the examples , customes , fashions , manners of the world , but onely the pure and perfit word of God , which is compared to a sword for the cleauing and deuiding of the hard heart . If a sword will not serue , it is compared to fire for melting , and dissoluing of such , as wil not giue place to the edge : but if we be so stonie , as fire will not do vs good , it is an hammer to batter , bruise , and ●ush vs in peeces . CHAP. LXXIIII . Of good Workes , and our obedience to his word . IT is written , Exod. 10 5. 6. Moses and Aaron did as the Lord commanded them , and so did they . And the Apostle Paul saith , that of our selues we can doe nothing . Yet through the Lord Iesus we are able to doe all things . Vpon such like places the Papists gather that the commandements may be kept . I answere , that those words concerning Moses and Aaron are to be referred to that particular action of bringing the people out of Aegypt : for both before , and after we see many infirmities in them , yea with what temporall punishments are they punished , that they cannot enter into the promised land . That also that was saide of Noah , is to be referred to the making of the Arke , Gen. 6. 22. So when Dauid prayeth to be heard according to his righteousnes , it is in respect of that cause which he had in hād , for the which his enemies did persecute him . Againe , the children of God from time to time haue fallen into great sinnes ; as Noah , Abraham , Lot , and Dauid , whose examples we ought to lay vp in our hearts , to keepe vs from despaire , when we feele infirmities in vs. 2 Nothing is so auaileable to obedience as the due consideration of Gods ordinance . 3 The obedience of God is as a chaine to tie vp all the creatures of God from our hurt , and as a thing to muzzle their mouthes that they cannot bite vs. Againe , disobedience breaketh the chaine , and openeth the mouthes of all things to our destruction . 4 In good works we must not onely be wrought vpon as patients , but worke as agents . There be three speciall signes of good workes : first , a good worke must haue it foundation in the word , for a good worke is grounded on a good word , and euery plant , that is not planted in God his Eden , shall be plucked vp . In vaine we worship the Lord , with our owne traditions , whatsoeuer thou doest , doe it , because God commaundeth thee . Now because wicked men may doe good things , as sacrifice , heare the word , pray , build houses , vse hospitalitie , &c. we must next see whether these be apples of the tree of faith or no , which only purifieth the heart , Act. 15. and euen makes the actions pure . Kain kneeleth at the altar , Habel kneeleth at the altar , both sacrifice , both obey the commandements , in both the same worke according to the same word : but the one offers in faith , the other not . Chore offered his sacrifice , Aaron offers his sacrifice , the same worke , but not the same faith . Esau leesing the blessing wept , Peter leesing Christ wept : here are teares alike , but not in truth alike . Iudas said peccaui . Dauid said peccaui : here is repentance , the worke like , the faith vnlike . Yea againe , as we must looke to haue a writ from the Lord , and with a good writ haue a good heart ; so we must beware we looke not at these things with a squint eye . The Pharisie prayeth in the market places , he would haue a good worke in hand , but his heart was not right , it was mixed with a little leauen of vaine-glorie . Heere then falles all the great workes of Papists , who will plucke part of their saluation from God , and make the Lord to become debtor to them , wheras euen the very works of Christ without the promise could neuer haue merited saluation . We must say rather , my well doing O Lord , extendeth not vnto thee , all that I doe , is nothing , I am still an vnprofitable seruant . Now all men must doe good workes , for the law being written for all , shall be exacted of all . Vnder the steward we are all contained , we must all appeare , we must giue an account , euery tree , that bringeth not forth fruit , as well the vaste oke of Bashan , as the low shrub shall be all cast into the fire . It still runnes in an vniuersalitie , yea the very reprobate must doe well , and though he cannot attaine heauen , yet his condemnation is not so deepe , his worme is not so sore , his stripes are not so many . But is none more bound to doe well , than others ? Yes the faithfull . If a brother offend , admonish him . Though the ignorant shall haue stripes , yet they that know the trueth , shall haue moe stripes . If I had not come saith Christ , yee should not haue had such sinnes , but now haue ye not wherewithall to couer them , yea of the children of God one is more bound to good workes than another . Vpon euery soule commeth tribulation , vpon the Iew , &c. Who , for that they had the Prophets , the tabernacle , the couenant , and we for hauing good Ministers and Magistrates are especially bound to good works . If we would know on whom we should shew these works , I answere vniuersally on all , euen as our heauenly Father doth on all ; yet this hath also a bound and restraint , Gal. 6. 10. Let vs doe good vnto all men , but especially to those that are of the household of faith . Among them also they are especially to be helped , which most stand in need of our helpe , as we may see in the man in the Gospell that lay wounded . Lastly , to shew why we must prouoke and be prouoked to good workes , to passe Iewes and Gentiles we will come to Protestants , who are most bound to good workes . We are slandered to denie good workes , because we would supplant and depose them out of the chaire of Christ , and denie them to haue the prerogatiue of saluation . But we defend good workes . First , we affirme good workes out of Ephes. 5. 1. Be ye followers of God as deare children , because as God hath called vs to be his children , so herein we ought to resemble his image by doing good both to iust & vniust . Secondly , where it is said , Tit. 2. 12. that Christ gaue himselfe for vs to this end , that he might redeeme vs from all iniquitie , and purge vs to be a peculiar people to himselfe , zealous of good workes , we also say , that we are debtors to doe good . And surely this commends all the paines of Christ , if we be zealous of good workes : so not to be giuen to good works doth in some sort crucifie him again . But it is enough that we haue once grieued him on earth , & therfore let vs not grieue him in heauen also . Thirdly , being the temples of the holy Ghost , 1. Cor. 6. 19. it were a despite against the Lord , if we make the house of God the stye of Sathan , and sincke of sinne . Fourthly , the Angels reioyce to see a sinner repent , as also there is great sorrow , when a Professor falleth away , the heauens seeme to be clothed with blacke thereat , and the Angels weare mourning attire . But to come down from heauen to earth . Fiftly , whereas the rankest heretikes haue had often great feelings ( whereby this is no good way to saluation , to thinke our selues sure in a carnall securitie ) Peter teacheth vs another way : Make your election sure by good workes . 2. Pet. 1. 10. as by a signe consequent , not as by a cause antecedent . Sixtly , we must by good works auoyd the offending of our brethren , least that as Lot was vexed among the Sodomites , we grieue the hearts of the Saints . Seuenthly , as we are not to grieue strong Lot , so wee must not offend the weake ones , for whose sakes wee must abridge somewhat from our libertie in things lawfull : and much more cut off our licentiousnesse in things that be vnlawfull . Eightly , we must do good euen for the wicked . Wherefore the Apostle , I. Pet. 3. 2. admonisheth wiues so to liue , that euen they which obey not the word , may without the word be wonne by the conuersation of the wiues . If women are thus charged , then much more men . Ninthly , because the Diuell not barred out by good workes , doth make vs his pallace , or rather his paunch , or his stable ; and at the fall of a righteous man , the damned doe ( as it were ) make great bonefires in hell , let vs bring forth the fruites of righteousnesse , which may make the Diuell to some in fretting , and worke more madnes and melancholie in the damned . Tenthly : for the confusion of the wicked in the last day , it shal be good by wel-doing to redeeme some comfortable confidence of our being in CHRIST , against that day , when the sides of the wicked shall lie panting in paine . Now to make vp the number of a douzen , wee may be moued to doe good works , by considering the ende of the godly , and the end of the wicked , Mat. 25. These reasons many and waighty , shall redeeme vs from this reproch , wherewith our enemies doe charge vs. 6 To doe good is worth the doing , albeit in vaine , and as Sencca saith : He is a perfect man that can loose a benefite & giue it , not to giue & loose it . But whose is the hurt ? CHRIST preached in vaine to the Iewes , and Noah to the old world , and Lot to the Sodomites , but were Noah , Lot , and Christ hurt for it ? And yet many writers think no good worke is in vaine to him that it is done too . But certainely to him that doth it , it is not in vaine : there is a great reward for them in the life to come . And in that respect GOD will haue his children doe manie good works in vaine . As to Moses he said , Goe preach to Pharaoh , he shall not heare thee , yet goe . Againe , that which is well done , is better done then not done : for then it perisheth with them , otherwise it should perish with thy selfe . 7 There is none hath a priuiledge whereby he is exempted from doing of good works . The Law is giuen to all , Iohn 10. Euery one had his Talent , Luc. 19. Euery one shall beare his burthen , Gal. 6 Euery one shall stand before the Tribunall of GOD : euery mans blood shall be vpon his owne head , Ezech. 5 ▪ Euery Tree that bringeth not forth fruite , shall be cut downe , Matth. 3. Tribulation and anguish shal be vpon euery soule , Rom. 2. Thus wee still see it runnes of all and euery one . The reason is , God accepteth no persons , neither in giftes of Nature , nor in giftes of Grace , nor in iudgements , euen the little Hills , the small Trees , not one pinne made of an vnfruitfull tree . But are the wicked tyed to doe good workes ? Yea , euen they , Matth. 11. it is saide , it shall bee easier for some , then for others , which is interpreted , Matth. 8. that there is vtter darknes : whereas Basil saith , the greatest sinnes goe thither , and Luc. 7. Hee that knoweth his Mastere will , &c. Euen the wicked must doe good to make their iudgement easier , their stripes fewe● , and their place better . Must anie , more then others doe good workes ? yes , the Christian must especially bee zealous of good workes , Tit. 2. warne them that belieue , Tit. 3. 14. and in the ende of the same chapter , Let our men learne to shewe forth good works : what manner men ought we to bee ? 2. Pet. 3. If any that is counted a brother . I. Cor. 5. Now then among Christians who are most bound ? Tribulation , &c. on the Iewe first , &c. The reason is , for they had the Oracles of GOD , Rom. 3. 1. 2. Hee that knoweth his Masters will , and doth it not , that fellow sinneth indeede : so then this person , on whome the powring of the oyntment hath bene first , ought to bee most thankfull in good works . We must doe good euen to all . Be merciful as ● am , Luc 6. and we knowe he suffereth his sunne to shine ouerall . The reason is , God his image is in all . But especially to the faithfull . Iob. 22. I cannot profite thee , &c. Psalm . 16. My well doing extendeth not to thee , but to thy Saints . It is Christ his owne desire , Luc. 22. Whe● thou art conuerted , confirme thy brethren . We can doe him no good , but in his Saints . And yet ●o go further , to him most of all that is wounded , as to the Samaritane , Luke , 13. If he neede our helpe , though he be a Samaritane . God could haue made there should haue bene no neede of them , but for that he would trie the liberalitie of the rich , and the patience of the poore . Then much more to the soule , which is the subiect of immortalitie , must wee shew well-doing in pittie and compassion . CHAP. LXXV . Of Zeale . THe zeale of Moses , and Phineas , and CHRIST , wee should striue to haue , that we may be grieued with the corruption and sinnes of the time , but to redresse them belongeth not to vs , except we be Magistrates . 2 Zeale leaueth in men a great impression , being tempted with Faith and loue . 3 We must desire to be zealous and earnest in matters weightie concerning the Lord , or his people , but in small matters , our owne affaires , and worldly friendes , wee must take heede it be not naturall earnestnes , or carnall , or not sauouring of the Spirit . 4 One saying in his hearing , that it might be obserued from time to time , that men haue bene more bountifull in furthering a corrupt religion , then in relieuing the professors of the Gospell : he answered his iudgment was the contrary , for thogh many in popery giue much , yet it is of their abundance , but wee read in no place that euer men solde their whole possessions to giue to the preachers , as it was done in the primitiue Church . 5 The nature of true zeale is set downe , Heb. 10. where the Apostle heauily threatneth them , that willingly giue ouer thēselues to sinne ; there is named in the proper tongue the zeale of fire . For as fire is not without heate , so zeale is hot , & cannot long be holden in . It is set downe by the contrary , Reu. 3. when after the Church of Laodicea for her lukewarmnes , is threatned to be spued out of the Lord his mouth , it is added , be zealous and amend : where we see zeale to be opposed to lukewarmnes , which is too temperate an heate for the profession of the Gospell . Againe , I. Cor. 14. 1. that which in our common translation we reade , Follow after loue , & couet spirituall gifts , &c. the naturall text hath , Be zealous after the more excellent gifts . And Rom. 12. Be feruent in spirit . i. let God his spirite kindle in you a fire which may flame out of you . Now there are diuers kinds of zeale , as the zeale of the world , of the flesh , of false religion , according to the world . And euery man is eaten , spent , & consumed with some kind of zeale , which must shame vs if we haue not the true zeale , for that this zeale leaueth in vs some aduantage and recompēce , which the world , and carnall men haue not . For when they haue spent & set on tilt all the strength of their bodies , & powers of their minds , they haue no gaine but torment of consciēce , wheras the godly being spent in a good cause , haue that repaired in the inner mā , which is cōsumed in the outward . Now to know what that true zeale is , as neere as by properties we may describe it , wee must first vnderstand , that it is grounded on knowledge . For if our zeale be not according to knowledge , much like to the zeale of them spoken of , Rom. 11. wee may come to persecute the Trueth , and thinke we do very welll . Our zeale must begin where the word begins : & end where the word ends , that in all things it be proportionable to the word . Our Sauior Christ rebuketh the Pharisies , for straining out a gnat , & swallowing vp a Camel : for tithing cummin ▪ seed and mint , and for pretermitting the weightier matters of the Law , wherein they bewrayed a rotten zeale , in that they were carefull in the lesse , and carelesse in the greater points . So now a dayes many rather desiring to be counted zealous then to be zealous ; for a ceremonie wil be as hot as may be , and yet in more principall poynts of religion they are as cold as can be : in greater causes let this be our canon , to vse greater zeale : in lesse matters let this be our pedagogie , to vse lesse zeale , so that we remember to count nothing small in the word , and that we can increase & decrease in affection , as the thing loued doth increase or decrease in goodnes . If I say , we can zealously pursue the most principall things , and for the peace of the Church can tolerate lesse things ( for if any man in matters of lesse importance list to be contentious , we haue no such custome , neither the Church of God , ) wee shall obserue this 1. rule still remembring this caution , that we count nothing small commanded or forbidden in the Word . The second rule is , that wee haue an eye as well to things inward as outward : our Sauiour CHRIST reprehendeth the Pharisies , for that they made cleane the out side of the platter , and left the inner-side foule , whose liues though outwardly they were without reproofe , yet inwardly they were full of pride , disdaine , self-loue , & such like . Wel , our zeale must begin within , and in time appeare without : we must no lesse feare to doe euill , being by our selues alone , then if we were eyed of the whole world , least that we become as painted sepulchres , and as such dishes , as are cleane without and foule within . A branch of this Rule is to haue a narrow and iealous eye of our owne corruptions , lurking in the bottomles pit of nature , and gaged onely by the word and spirit . When we loue to be hypocrites , in dissembling this naturall corruption , and yet are busie in pretending some outward sanctimonie , the iustice of GOD in time will vncase vs , & then the sinne which we would hide , shall appeare in the face outwardly , and the good which in Truth wee neuer loued , shall be seene neuer to haue bene in vs. Herein then we may go to schoole with the couetous man , who had rather be rich , than be counted rich , that we may rather be godly indeed , than be counted to be godly , least that seeing wee be not such indeed as we would bee , we become notoriously to be such as we would not be . 3 The third rule is , that we keepe a tenor of zeale in both estates , as well in aduersitie as in prosperitie . Manie in peace are professors , who in time of troubles are persecutors , who louing the peace of the Gospell , not the Gospell it selfe , doe more bewray that they were neuer truely zealous . Others , whilest they be vnder the Crosse are very demure and deuout , who if once they come aloft , forget the simplicity of the Gospell , and fall to the securitie of the world . Hereof comes that fearefull complaint , that men hote in preaching and professing , while they are vnder , are choked in their zeale when they come to preferment . Such men are glad not of the gospell , but of the prosperity of the gospell ; such men will be sad , not for the want of the Gospell , but for the aduersitie which followeth the persecutors of the Gospell . Our triall herein may bee thus , if our priuate estate be prosperous , wee lament with Dauid , the estate of the Church , being ruinous : or if our priuate estate being perilous , wee can reioyce with Paul in the estate of the Church being prosperous , our zeale is according to truth . Dauid neere the Crowne for his happines , fasted for the estate of the Church , lying in abhominable filthines . Paul a prisoner in bonds , thought himselfe at libertie , so long as the Gospell was free . 4 The fourth Rule is , that in pure zeale wee be patient in our owne causes , and deuoure manie priuate iniuries , that the Lord his cause may the better be prouided for , & haue the better successe . Many can be as hot as fire in taking vp their owne cause , who are as cold as yee in defending the Lord his cause . This Rule obserued , would sow vp the lips of the aduersarie , who though for a time he thinke vs to be cholerike , & mad-men , madly reuēging our priuate affections , yet one day should confesse , that we sought not our own cōmoditie , but God his most precious glorie . And to stretch this examination of our harts one degree further , let vs beware of that corruption , which springing from self-loue will giue vs leaue to reioyce at good things , so long as they be in our selues , but repineth at the sight of them in others , which will permit vs to bee grieued at euill things in our selues , and yet make vs to reioyce to see the same in others . True zeale loueth good wheresoeuer , and in whomsoeuer it is : true zeale hateth sinne , wheresoeuer , and in whomsoeuer ; true zeale loueth friends , as they be God his friends : true zeale hateth aduersaries , so far as they are God his aduersaries : true zeale loueth a good thing in our most professed enemy : true loue hateth a sinne in our most assured friend : if wee are perswaded that our enemies be God his children , howsoeuer we disagree in some particular , yet wee can swallow vp many priuate iniuries offred , and we more reioyce in them , as they be God his children , then we can be grieued at them as they haue iniuried vs. Indeede true zeale is most grieued for the sinnes of the godly , because so much is their sinne grieuouser thē the sin of another , by how much they came neerer to the image of GOD , then another ; howbeit this must alwayes be with a Christian sympathie ; which worketh in vs a griefe for their sinne , as well as an anger for their sinne , & which changeth our griefe into prayer for them . Though then we be neuer so far asunder , we must loue them that loue God , though we be ioyned neuer so neere , we must hate them that hate God ; in the meane time in deuouring on the one hand to do all duties of loue and obedience vnto them , in admonishing them , praying for them , and mourning for them , as they be ioyned in any band vnto vs ; and remembring on the other hand , when nothing will do them good , but the matter is at this point , that we must either cleaue to God and forsake them , or forsake God and cleaue to them ; that nature and ciuilitie in the second table are to giue place to religion , and pietie in the first table . 5 The fift rule is , that wee must not bee stricter to our selues , than to any other , and bee more liberal in some things to others , than to our selues . This will first cause vs to cast the first stone at our selues , this will teach vs to pull first the beame out of our owne eyes , and then the mote out of anothers eye , this wil make such an experience of sinne in our selues , that we shall neither flatter too foolishly men in their sins , nor rebuke too rigorously men for their sinne . Some we shall see iustly misliking a ceremonie , refuse it in themselues , yet for that it is a thing indifferent , they can tolerate it in others : others there be , who being vnwilling to vse it themselues , iudge streightly all others as haynous offenders that vse it . Moses refused to take so much as a shooe-latchet himselfe from the Egyptians , and yet to others that would take , hee would not denye the lawe of armes ; so streight he was to himselfe , so liberall he was to others . Paul seeing that in some places hee could not so conueniently liue of other mens charges , as at Corinth & Thessalonica , although at Colossos he receiued somewhat , where they were able to bestow on him , yet he would not that all men should be tied to this example to doe the like : for he laboureth much in all his Epistles almost about this , to shew how Ministers ought sufficiently to be prouided for , so strict hee was to himselfe , such liberalitie he left to others , Rom. 14. 2. Cor. 8. 10. where he intreateth of things indifferent . It were good then , that Christians might say thus with themselues . I can doe thus by Christian libertie , but if it be an hinderance to the glorie of God , or an offence to my brother , I wil not do it ; if others doe it , so their heart be good in this , and their conscience is vsed in other good things , I will not herein wage warre with them , but to ioyne with them in greater and better matters , I will pardon the lesse . If this wisedome had beene vsed long agoe , what vanitie had there been in the Church of God ? for want of this , what trouble hath risen therein ? 6 The sixt and last rule is , if we haue a zeale against the sinne , because it was against the law of God , and therewithall haue a compassion to the person , because one like our selues hath offended , this mixture of affections causeth anger to feede on the sinne , not on the person . When our Sauiour Christ going about on the Sabbath day to heale the man with the withered hand , was reprehended of the Pharisies , it is saide hee looked about him angerly , and after it is added , that he sorrowed for the blindnesse of their hearts : see how anger and sorrow meete ; anger , that men should haue such little knowledge of God , or loue to their brother : sorrow ; that being such excellent creatures , they should slippe so fouly . Looke vpon the Prophets , which , if in the heauinesse of spirite , they did not vtter their word , which in the zeale of God his glorie they did denounce : so that when they most threatned , they were most grieued , that the plague spoken should fall vpon them . Now that is an outreaching zeale , where our anger rather seedeth on the person , than on the sinne . Samuel in the zeale of Gods glorie , spares not flatly to tell Saul of his sinne , and yet in loue to his person , he was alwaies bent to lament Saules cause , and to pray for him . Doest thou loue Gods glorie ? Then wilt thou surely admonish thy brother of his sinne , because zeale cannot suffer God to be dishonoured . Doest thou loue thy brother ? then wilt thou admonish him with compassion , because loue lamenteth the weaknes of thy brother , who hath done that which thou mightest haue done . FINIS . GODLY OBSERVATIONS , CONCERNING DIVERS ARGVMENTS AND COMmon places in Religion . CHAP. I. COnscience is a sensible feeling of Gods iudgements grounded vpon the word , nourished by the consideration of the latter day , stirring vp our hearts to the approouing of our doings both before God and men . It is an effect of faith , faith therefore as the cause must goe before ; where no faith is , there is no knowledge ; where there is no knowledge , there is no conscience . Many men say , this is my cōscience ; they might better say , this is mine opinion , this is my fancie . Knowledge is lesse than faith , and opinion lesse than knowledge . Againe , it is placed in the heart , to the stirring vp of vs , and summoning of vs to approoue those things which we knowe before God. We must not make our conscience like a cheuerel purse , stretch it too farre , or too narrow , that is , bee not too righteous , as the Anabaptists , and the Familie of loue . Saul in sparing Agag would be too mercifull , and afterwards waxed cruell , by killing the Prophets . Those that are true * Puritanes are such . We must not let our conscience looser than the Scriptures be , for then wee fall to be prophane . Take heede of extreames , for vertue is a meane betweene two extreames , taking something of one , and something of the other ; knowledge of generals , and conscience of particulars . Papists , and Iusticiaries , because they haue no knowledge , but rest vpon their doings , they can haue no conscience . 2 In our cōscience we must begin with the weightiest matters , as that our sins are remitted by Christ , that our infirmities are couered , &c : but , to begin at small matters , and passe ouer great , is to swallow vp a Camel , and to straine at a gnat , to tithe Mint , Anise and Commine it is Pharisaicall . Keepe the foundation ; if wee erre in inferiours , Gods spirite will in time reueale it , and the fire will consume it . 3 Conscience approoueth our doings to God , that is , the thing that is done , albeit there be infirmity in the action , that is , either the manner of doing , or the affection of our doing is not good . A thing is named of the greater part : Wine a little mixed with water is wine , Aqua vitae is so called , because it is the principall : so it is called a good conscience , though some infirmitie be in it . 4 Conscience is good , or euill , naturall , and good ; an erroneous conscience is where is no knowledge , but ignorance , or doubting , as to doubt in Gods prouidence , Mat. 4. Commaund that these stones may be bread , &c. CHAP. II. Of order , and how necessarie it is in all things . BEtweene Maries part , and Marthaes part , wee must take Maries part first , for it is the best . And when wee come to euill things , wee must make a better difference than Saul did , who spared the Amalekites whom hee should not spare , but dealt more cruelly with the Gibeonites : but wee must prouide that the Amalekites bee more grieuously punished , than the Gibeonites . This doctrine standeth against two sorts of men : the first is of them that cleane peruert all , and can away with no order : the other is of them that make a mixture of many things . It hath beene an old complaint of the world , that in the webbe of the law the poore flie is taken , but the hornet escapes , the poore man is intangled , the mightie personage is deliuered , for they keepe much adoe about a little . But if we keepe a blowing & a raking so all day long in the motes , and neuer can stumble vpon the beame , wee peruert order : As for them that are shufflers of all together , who can finde no degree in things , but they doe first whatsoeuer comes first to hand ; let them knowe , that as the Lord will not haue things done confusedly , no more will hee haue things done preposterously . 2 Order must be had in all things , especially in heauenly things : for if in all Arts there be an order , it were ill to thinke that in the science of sciences there should bee confusion . We shall see an order euen in God himselfe : in the Trinitie , though all the persons bee equall , yet there is an established order of the second person , of the third person , though not for essence , which is indiuisible , yet for better order , of teaching of vs to come to the knowledge of God. And as God is an order in himselfe , so he requireth and commandeth an order to bee vsed . 1. Cor. 14. 40. It is the decree of the Apostle as a generall rule , Let all things be done in order . Coloss. 2. 5. Paul reioyceth that they had order among them : but 1. Thess. 4. he describing notable wicked fellowes , notes them by this , that they walked inordinately , nothing was first or last with them , they did all with disorder . Lastly , Iob. 10. Hell it selfe is noted to bee a place , where there is no order , and therefore inordinate walkers doe well belong to that place . So that generally we see by the Lord , by his workes , by the godly , by the wicked , that order is good : much more is order requisit in action . The wise men saw that the deede done in such a preposterous & confused manner , is as good as not done . Now if this be so in all actions , much more must it be in the commandements of the Lord. 1. Sam. 2. there is mention made , how the children of Heli whilest the meate was yet a seething , they fetched it foorth of the pot with flesh-hookes , and though they did afterward burne the fat for sacrifice , which should bee the speciall thing to bee done in order , though ( I say ) they did not omit to sacrifice ; yet for that they serued themselues first , who should haue beene last , and so serued the Lord at last , who should haue been first , it is noted as a special sinne prouoking the wrath of God. A plainer case than this is in the new Testament , Matth. 6. where an order is in seeking : First seeke the kingdome of God , then , &c. Here is first . and then a plaine order . Hee that was called in the Gospell to follow Christ , though he denied not absolutely to follow , but would follow somewhat preposterously , though he desired but first to take his leaue of his friends , and then would be a follower ; he had a repulse , hee had a checke for it ; not for not following , but because hee would make that first , that should be second , and the second first , and so the order was chaunged . And this is for order in generall : in particular wee must obserue order in refusing the euill , and chusing the good : the greatest euil is most to be eschewed , the best good most to be chosē . That which is most good , must haue the first reward ; that which is the greatest euill , must first be punished Frist we must forsake the euill , then chuse the good ; first gather the tares ( saith Christ ) then take vp the good corne also : so that we must not onely doe good , but doe it in order . CHAP. III. Of hearing the word of God. WE must heare the word attentiuely and fruitfully , and not with the eares of the world , which are deafe eares . As the Apostle saide , it is al one to bee a child in discretion , and a child in yeeres : so it is all one to be deafe by nature , and to make our selues deafe . The Adder is called deafe , for that she maketh her selfe so , she is saide not to haue eares when she hath eares , but not to heare the charmer , least shee should lose her poyson : such hearers are Deut. 29 19. such hearers had Steuen , Act. 7. 57. such hearers are Ierem. 7. 10. Another kinde of hearing there is , when one doth heare a voyce , but a greater noise is in his head , excellentius sensibile , as Aristotle calleth it , so that hee cannot heare the lesse . It is the voyce of the Estrich , Bring , bring ; Emolumentum is excellens sensibile , it is the finest word that euer was inuented , it maketh that nothing else can be heard for it . There is a third kinde of hearing , the most vsual of all , and yet hainous enough : They haue eares to sleepe . A very vnproper speech , that is they cannot heare for sleepe , as Eutychus had in the Acts at Pauls sermon , where Eutychus fell downe , and had almost broke his necke for it . See the iudgement of God vpon the first euill hearer of the Gospell . Well , heare thou the word of God preached diligently : Potest enim tibi id in animo conting●re , quoa Eutycho in corpore . 2 There bee some of this sect that will yeeld vnto men their bodies to doe with them what they will , but their soules they say are for the Lord. And why not their bodies for him also ? they haue an inward and a darke kinde of godlines , that so thinke it enough to make the night , or a corner of their chamber a witnesse of their religion ; which kinde of men are to giue an account for detracting from the Lord his worship . Others there are , and they will goe to the congregation , but it is when the chaine of idlenes & other busines is growne so long that they may goe with some case . Some will come to the Church more often : but when the iudgements of God are denounced , they say they shal not come neere them , Deut. 29. 19. we are deliuered though wee haue committed all these abominations . We haue al vncircumcised eares , and naturally we haue a praeputium before our ●ares , and they that are skilfull in Anatomie knowe that there is as it were a hammer at the ●are , which will open wide when wee heare vanitie , but it is fast shut when the Lord speaketh vnto vs. It is a common disease in others to seeke after varietie , and so after vanitie , and so nature desireth an infinitum . And these mē either hunt after words , which may cause them to erre from the word of truth , or else they say they heare such cold & vncomfortable sermons , as they cannot away with . If good gifts bee ioyned with the preaching of the word , and we heare the word with the gifts , it is a question whether we heare for the words sake , or for the gifts sake : but if the word come without such glorious gifts , a man may stirre vp himselfe sufficiently thereby . And when it doth come to passe , that such vnsauory liquors be drawne out of mustie vessels , we must be driuen to this consideration , that God for our dulnes hath shut vp the mouthes of his Preachers , and hath denied the power and puritie of preaching vnto vs , and that our dead and deafe eares are the cause that the Lord tieth vp the strings of our Preachers tongues ▪ Neither is this to smooth or sooth vp any one in negligent vsing of their gifts , for the Lord will haue his gifts vsed ; and a candle put vnder a bushell is not of the Lord his setting , it is the diuels doing when our gifts are suppressed . Well , if we haue eares and heare not the word , then is no difference betweene a mans eares and an Asses , and it is rather a propertie of Idols which haue eares and heare not , haue eies and see not . And as they that haue mouthes and speake not , are rather Idoll shepheards , than true Pastors : so they that haue eares and heare not , are rather Idoll gazers , than true hearers of the word . Againe , for this cause we must heare , because we heare the most excellent obiect ; the obiect of the eare is a sound or voyce , now the most excellent sound is the sound of the Gospell , the most excellent voyce is the voyce of the Preacher . Another reason may be , that our members are put to their best vse , when they serue most for the glory of God ▪ as our feete are put to the best vse , when they carrie vs to the congregation , our hands when they are lift vp in prayer , our eares when they be hearkening to the word of God : and therefore they prouide well for themselues , that early in the morning before they doe any thing else , doe put out their members to the best vse in the worship of God. And surely if there were nothing but the bare word of God deliuered vnto vs , as it is a thing containing the will of God , it were worthy the reading , hearing , and meditating : but when it openeth to vs the treasures of saluation , when it teacheth vs wisedome , and equitie , so as we may be able to discerne euery affection , it is a thing much more worthie our trauell . We think that we may flie vp to heauen by the wings of profound knowledge : but , saith the Scripture that learned preaching shall saue vs ? No , the foolishnes of preaching must saue vs , all our saluation must be fetched from hence , & therefore it is worth the hearing , this is Ioels trumpet , and of great force . We must learne therefore to vse a preparation , without which all our seruice stinketh before the Lord. When thou enterest into the house of the Lord , looke vnto thy feete , Eccles. 4. 17. Stand in awe ( saith the Prophet ) commune with your owne hearts ▪ Psal. 4. And Iob. 1. 6. Iob is said to sanctifie his sonnes . 2. Chro. 30. 18. 19. though many of the people had not cleansed themselues , yet Ezechtas prayed for them , that prepared their whole hearts to seeke the Lord. But all we rush to the congregation as a foxe out of his forme . And though we haue knowledge enough , yet we had need to be straighted , because we are as a broken bow , and in seeking of knowledge we must seeke it fruitfully : scire , vt scias , audire vt audias , is meere vanitie . Euery one would be a patient in the word of God , but there be many pragmaticall things : Beatiqui audiunt . What is that enough ? Beati qui ambulant , qui custodiunt ; ▪ eati qui perseuerant . If we will not heare , the time will come when we shall be constrained to heare : if we will not heare when the Lord speaketh , we shall crie but not be heard : if we heare it as a bond to tie the Lord to heare vs againe according to his promise . 3 Looke how neere we come vnto the practise of Dauid , so neere are we to the liuely members of God ; and looke how farre we are from that , so farre are we from the image of God. Men rather seeke for profound knowledge , than for faith that worketh by loue , and couet more the ministeriall doctrine , than after the power of the Spirit . Therefore God , who is as able to send a lying spirit into the mouthes of 400. Prophets , as into any of the meanest Israelites , doth punish them commonly with strange doctrine , & giue them vp to strong illusions . We ought to haue such a burning affection in vs , that we should not be able to expresse it , as Dauid had , who because he could not expresse it , vseth an exclamation , Psal. 119. 97. O how loue I thy law ! but mens hearts are dull , and their spirits heauie , they are farre from this affection that was in Dauid . 4 Our loue to Gods word is a triall of our loue to God ; he that trembleth at Gods word , and is obedient vnto his voyce , doth better than he that offereth sacrifice , and he that loues Gods word , doth loue God , and else not . Where the loue of a man is , the practise will be there ; Matth 6. where the treasure is , there will be the heart . As the couetous are bent vpon their riches , as the adulterer is bent vpon his lust , and the gamester on his pastime , is not wearie in sitting vp whole nights and daies : so the godly on Gods law , they studie in it night and day , they studie not by fits and starts , as some doe , but continually . Dauid prooueth his loue to Gods word , because he placed his whole delight and felicitie in it , as appeareth by the griefe he had in the want of it . 5 When many meanes are vsed men stand more excuselesse , that in so often repeated and reiterated mercies and methode of teaching , will neuerthelesse buy out their condemnation , by a willing ignorance , and will not be taught . Againe , we are fitter one time than another to make our profit . Tell men of their sinnes to day , and they may fleare at it ; tell them to morrow of it , and the teares may trickle down their cheekes : and Elihu saith , God speaketh once or twice , and yet man heareth not , till a third time come . And shall we thinke our fathers needed this rather than we ? Surely there cannot be a more sure token that God his spirit is our teacher , than that we finde a desire still to more and often hearing : and who seeth not that we are subiect to spirituall transmutations , and how easily fierie inflamations raised betwixt God and vs doe die , if God be silent yea but a little ? Therefore let vs say with the Church in the song of Salomon , chap. 8. vers . 13. Cause vs still to heare it . Some think to stand in some sort , though the Lord build thē not , although as the Psalmist saith , Except the Lord build , all is in vaine : so there is a learning of things without the Lord , yet the profitable building and learning is onely of the Lord. We are therefore to be deliuered of this common errour , which makes vs , when we do not profit , to accuse our Teachers , and to carpe at his matter , or to quarrell at his manner of deliuerie : wherein as we do not free and excuse all Teachers as faultlesse , so it is a certaine truth , that teach he neuer so well , soundly , and orderly , yet that will not serue , we must haue a greater thing . Christ we know made many sermons , yet there were many so farre from profiting by him , that all that he gained in his life , and in his death , were not aboue sixe score persons : and therefore no marueile though at our preaching some profit not . It may be some thinke , that if they should heare Christ speake personally to them , they should profit , and be made by and by perfect good Christians : but it is not so . Though Dauid was taught by Nathan and Gad , two excellent men , yet how oft doth he pray after they had taught him , that the Lord would teach him ? To this purpose therefore we must learne two things , the Minister teacheth but the eare , he that teacheth the heart , his chaire and his pulpit is in heauen : so that at one time we must attend as it were on two Preachers . Now if we thinke all to be one labour , perswading our selues that it is enough to listen to men , we deceiue our selues ; and this deceit hath wrought that either we bring no hearts at all , but onely our eares , and so though the Minister haue some part , yet God hath nothing to worke on ; or else we bring such worldly hearts , that there is no roome left within to any further teaching than the eare . Hitherto come then the short and the long . If we will be taught of God , though Christ come to teach vs in his owne person , yet we must labour for a double hearing , that is , both of the eare , and of the heart , both inward and outward , else it shall fall out with vs , as with sundrie other things : there are some fruites both of corne and plants , which come vp , but not of any sound seede , which commeth to a blade or so , but it neuer yeeldeth a ripe substance : so there is a momentanie springing vp of some knowledge , from some corrupt seede , as of eloquence , of pleasing words ; but these men haue nothing , but as it were a wilde egge ingendred in them , and the fruite of it will neuer last long , be the Preacher neuer so forcible in his speech . But when God teacheth , Amos the heardsman from his cattell , Peter taken from his nets and fishing boate , doe much profit vs. Many of the Saints of God before vs to this end haue shewed how they haue beene taught . Augustine after he had nine yeeres studied Diuinitie , in which time no doubt he oft read ouer the Bible , yet at the length was much mooued with a place in the 13. of the Romanes , Put on the Lord Iesus : and this was the place that after often reading , he was nothing but ordinarily touched with ; and yet after , Gods spirit laying it to his heart , is was the meanes whereby he confesseth himselfe to be conuerted . CHAP. IIII. Who be swine , and who be dogges . BY nature we are all swine , and dogges , for that wee folllow our owne vncleannesse , but especially , wee that were Gentiles : for in that respect Christ calleth so the Cananitish woman , making the Iewes whom hee called children in a priuiledge aboue vs : but since the wall is pulled downe . Beside our naturall condition we are all vessels of wrath , followers of our own gorge , vntill that strōg & strange change be come vpō vs , Esay 11. when of dogs we become lambs , of vncleanenes we become cleane . Howbeit , the Scripture doth not so vnderstand vs to be dogges ; but such are meant by our Sauiour Christ to be dogges and hogges , who hauing the continuall meanes either breake into the contempt of the things themselues , or fall to an open despite and violence against the Ministers that bring them . Whether it be then that wee turne againe to our owne righteousnes , and to seeke iustification by the lawe , in which respect Paul calleth them dogges , and concision ; or whether being raised in the blood of Christ , we do not onely slip , but plunge our selues into the gulfe of sinne againe ; in this respect wee may bee called swine and dogges . For we see this is the estate of the dogge , that continuing and carying in himselfe the torment of his owne body , and bearing the burden of paine in his bowels , he for a while casteth it out , and being discharged of it , he after chargeth himselfe with it againe ; so they that carie a fire of griefe in their owne bosomes , euen a confidence of their owne righteousnes , if hauing for their comfort cast it off , resume it , are well compared to dogs . Such are our papists , heretikes , and familists . The nature of the swine is , that being cleane , she retireth to her filthines : so they on the other side who by the water and fire of the spirit haue beene so cleansed , that there hath appeared an open and a sensible change among them , if after they fall greedily to their former vanitie , they are as swine . And so both the falling away from true religion , and the reuolting to the former corruptions of life , the malitious refusing , or brutish persecuting of the word , or Ministers thereof , come within the compasse of these creatures . And so long as such sinnes be vsed , so long must we cease giuing pretious things , vntill place againe be giuē for the footing of the Lord. The reasons are , for that in that estate they will either tread vnder foote , that is , contemne such good things , or they will turne againe and wound a man , that is , persecute , or else deale ill with hand , or tongue , issuing from such persecutions . To such we must not cast pearles : for to them we shall doe no good , but to our selues we shall doe harme . CHAP. V. Of Vnmercifulnes . THe Sier of such vnmercifulnesse is the diuell : which if it bee so , good Lord how many legions of diuels bee in some then ? Por quae quis peccat , per eadem punitur : If we offend by vnmercifulnesse , God will punish vs by vnmercifulnesse . Our curtesie is like Iudas his curtesie , to kisse , & say , Hold him : It is Ioabs curtesie to say , Art thou in health my brother ? and to stab in with a knife : it is the Diuels curtesie to Esau to seeme to bewaile Gods hard dealing with them , the easier to intrap her : it is the curtesie of the Pharisies to Christ , to say , Maister , we know thou art no man pleaser , and to get an enditement of treason against him . The lesse indeede of this curtesie , the better . Well , many times the beautifullest things haue not the necessariest vse , nor the richest men doe the most good , and in common vse , the gold doth nothing so much seruice , as iron . Wee see that in the armie many beare a better and a bigger shew , but when ought is to be done , all lieth on the poore Pioner ; and there is none of vs but well hee woteth , that in the most gorgeous house , that is , though all the other parts be more sightly to see to , yet the principall part of all the foundation is nothing but a few oystershels , and potsherds , and rubbish , and such like baggage . And whē as the best of vs al is no better but esca vermiū , wormes meate , for nothing but the very dunghil , though he bee couered with purple cloth , yet notwithstanding the worst of vs all is proud enough , and thinketh as well of himselfe as the best deserueth : yet as riseth our good , so rifeth our blood , qui velit ingenio cedere , rarus erit , hee that will thinke of himselfe lesse than of another , hee is an odde fellow , shew me him , giue me such a fellow . CHAP. VI. Of Workes . TO except , or to prophecie against the promises of God , is not good , because it is sufficient for vs to doe the thing warranted by God his mouth . If in offering our seruice to Christ wee lose twentie and winne one , it is gaine enough : and it is better to doe a thing in vaine , than not at all . Moses went to Pharaoh , though he knew before he should not profit him . If wee doe well , the good thing persheth in another , and not in vs , but if we doe not the good we may , then the good thing perisheth in vs. Againe , wee shall not receiue a reward according to our successe , but according to our labour . The Lord doth esteeme a barren dutie , and no man doth ( as it were ) cast away , and spend in vaine so much as he doth . How many sermons spendeth hee in vaine ? how many threatnings in vaine ? how many promises in vaine ? how many things commaundeth and forbiddeth he in vaine ? men nothing esteeming them , & yet he ceaseth not . Therefore herein we must not fare better than the Lord , and yet as good children of so good a father , wee must still labour to do good , though we reape small fruite . 2 May we follow a rabble to do good ? this is a question : I answere , wee must not follow a multitude to doe good , for by following them to do good , we learne to follow them to doe euill . This is my meaning , wee may not doe it , because many doe it ; but because it is good : for if the other be his reasons , surely he will ●ollow in euill also by the same motiue . It was well saide of a learned father taken out of a Philosopher , a goodly speech : To doe good , or to doe well , fewe shall suffice , yea one , yea none . I haue laide the best medicine I can to this sore , yet it will itch still , it hath many allures , and will continue still , for it is one of those sweete euils , Iob. 10. It may be effectuall to some , yet if none followe it ; I haue done my dutie , Cantaui canticum dilecto meo , I haue sung a song to my beloued , and so an end . Election is a great spurre to good workes . It is not as men say , if I am elected I cannot perish , I may liue as I list : but if thou art elected , thou art also elected to the meanes to faith , and the fruites of it , else thou art not elected . CHAP. VII . Against Policie . THE godly haue euer beene wiser than the politicke of the world . Ioseph was wiser than the Aegyptians , yea than his brethren , and yet they were wiser than the rest . Daniel , Moses , Paul , wiser than their enemies . The Gallathians mingled the Lawe , the Corinthians preached gloriously , yet Paul was wiser than they all . The politicke were ouerthrowne at building of the Tower. Pharaoh in Egypt his policie was , first in killing the males , 2. by his setting of Coniurers against Moses : so men beleeued : and some men do write , that Moses was but a Coniurer . 3. in letting them goe , and following them : now saith he they are intangled in the rocks ; but what was his ende ? he sunke downe like a piece of lead in the red sea . Balack sent for Baalam to curse the Israelites : his most diuellish policie that could be was this his counsell , Thou canst not , saith hee , bring them to open idolatrie , send for them , bid them to banquets of meates offered to Idols , make them drunke ; so doing they fell ; first , to adulterie , secondly , to idolatrie : but this wretch Balaam perished with so many thousands of them . Saul to hold in the people ; 1. would sacrifice before Samuel came . 2. gaue Michol to Dauid for so many foreskins of the Philistines ; not that he loued him , but that the Philistines hands might be vpon him , and not his owne : 3. when that way preuailed not , he by force would destroy him : 4. he goeth to the Diuell , for this is the end of all policie when it cannot preuaile , that they aske counsell of the Diuell . The Diuell after he had deluded him long , now tels him the truth , and after he kils himselfe . Looke the policie of Abimelech ; and Achitophell , who being crossed in his counsel , went and hanged himselfe . This may terrifie all Machiauellists , and craftie politicians , and 2. encourage all to rest on Gods word , which maketh vs wiser than all foes and wicked of the world . CHAP. 8. Three speciall notes of a man truly righteous and religious . THere be three things whereby we may know whether we be in the right way or no , and they be precious and deare in the sight of them that haue a care to please God. The first is our grosse temptations : for many trusting to good talke , good education , good companie , and thinking themselues well setled , are content to rest in these meanes , and trauell not to see their inward corruptions , and priuie temptations , which if they be but burthensome vnto vs , and make vs as it were sicke to carrie them , it is a good token . The second thing is by marking our affections , if we loue nothing so much as the fauour of God , feare nothing so much as the losse of it , hauing found it if we carefully keepe it , and hauing lost it , if we neuer be quiet till we recouer it , being content to want all things to haue it , not staying in the possession of all things if we want it ; this is a good signe . Thirdly , we may comfort our selues if we feare God as well in prosperitie as in aduersitie , and loue God as well in aduersitie as in prosperitie . For euery man can feare him vnder the crosse , as Pharaoh , Saul , and Balaam , and euery man can praise God in abundance , as who praised him more than Iobs wife being in prosperitie . CHAP. 9. Of the Sabbath . BY nature all daies are like , as are all men , water , bread , wine , vntil God sanctifie them , that is , put them a part to a seuerall vse . As amongst men , the Magistrate , the water in Baptisme , bread and wine in the Supper : so among daies the Sabbath , Gen. 2. 3. ( because of Gods appointment ) are not to be accounted common . Acts. 10. 15. What God hath made cleane , pollute thou not : Pollute thou not , that is , imploy thou not , as thou doest other things , to common vses , but let it serue to holy vses only . For nothing consecrate was euer put to prophane or ordinary vses . Exod. 30. 38. To sanctifie is to make holy : It is said , God hath made holy the Sabbath . For himselfe it is superfluous , to whom all things are holy ; for vs and for our selues therfore is the sanctification thereof . For , 1. Thess. 4. 3. the Apostle saith , This is the will of God euen your sanctification : therefore he sanctified it for vs , that is , he blesseth the word which we heare vpon that day , after a more effectuall manner , and with a more speciall blessing to beget in vs holinesse , that we may by it become holy , as he is holy . God then by his blessing hath sanctified it , we by our obedience must sanctifie it , that is , be occupied in all those exercises of religion , whereunto God hath annexed a promise of working in vs true holinesse . To doe otherwise is to oppose our selues to the ordinance of God : yet though we doe prophane it as much as in vs lieth , the day doth remaine holy , as Christ witnesseth . A man may commit adulterie with a woman , and yet she remaine chast , Matth. 28. Now I doe say , we doe sanctifie the Sabbath day , by vsing the meanes , by which sanctificatiō is wrought in vs , as by prayer , Act. 16. 13. priuately or publikely vsed , Psal. 122. 1. and secretly among the faithful to be vsed before all other meanes , Psal ▪ 95. 6. after all other meanes , Numb . 6. 24 or by reading the word , or hearing it read , Nehem. 8. 8. in the assemblie , Act. 13. 13. or reading it priuately our selues , Dan 9. 2. both to the triall of that which we haue heard , Act. 17. 11. and for our owne priuate meditation . If reading we doe not vnderstand , we must prouide vs a guide , either by word , Act. 8. 19. or writing , that is , by Analogie , or by hearing the word Preached , which is the chief means of al the rest , Luk. 4. 16. Rom. 10. 14. By singing of Psalms , Psal. 92. 1. generally containing the praises of God , or more particular , as present occasion shall serue . By meditation , Psal. 92. 2. vpon the word preached , or read : vpon the creatures , Psal. 143. 5. vpon Gods iudgements , and mercy towards our selues , our fathers house , the places wherein we liue , and the Church of God elsewhere : by conference , Malach. 3. 16. of that which hath done vs good , or the wants we feele in our selues : by vsing practise , that is , by doing those things which may testifie vnto our conscience , and before men that sanctification is wrought in vs , and that the meanes haue done vs good , Matth. 12. 12. 2. Cor. 16. 1. 2. and that in things corporall , which some haue set downe in a Latin * verse : or in things spiritual , vttered in another Latin * verse . Without bodily rest we cannot thorowly sanctifie this day : For Adam in Paradise , and in the estate of innocencie could not doe it , much lesse we as we are . Therefore euen before the fall he had a Sabbath , Gen. 2. 3. giuing him therein to intend the seruice of God wholy and only , for the other sixe daies he was to dresse the garden , Gen. 2. 15. The equitie of this commandement is the rule of nature ; whatsoeuer must be thorowly done , must be wholy done . We are to rest from the labour of the sixe daies , that is , from whatsoeuer might haue beene done , or may be done after . For which cause we are commanded to remember the Sabbath before it come . We must abstaine from bearing of burthens , Ierem. 17. 22. from buying and selling euen victuals , Nehem. 13. 15. from necessarie labour , in necessarie , and at necessarie times , that is , both in seed time , and haruest , Exod. 34. 2. yea euen from whatsoeuer may seeme to haue a shew of holines , in the very building of the Lords sanctuarie , Exod. 31. 13. generally , whosoeuer doth any worke on the Sabbath defileth it , and committeth a sinne worthie of death . The punishment which God threatneth to that countrey where this precept is neglected , is the plague of fire , Iere. 17. 27. And to keepe the Sabbath , buying , and selling therein , is the Sabbath of the men of Ashdod , and Tyrus . Nehe. 13. If we must cease from our vocation wherein God hath placed vs , and the workes thereof , then must we cease from feasting , games , faires , and such like of lesse necessitie , of greater impediment for the Sabbath : such is the Sabbath of the golden calfe , Exod. 32. 6. And if we must abstaine from those things which in themselues are not euill , then from surfetting , idlenes , doing of our owne wils , and which at no times are lawful : otherwise it is the diuels Sabbath , & not the Lords , Es. 58. 13. Neither must we thinke if we precisely keepe the bodily rest , and put on our best apparell , that we haue satisfied our dutie : for as bodily labour , so bodily rest profiteth nothing , 1. Tim. 4 8. Therefore we must take heed that our rest end in sanctification , or else our Oxe and our Ass● keepe as good a Sabbath as we . No commandement is both affirmatiue and negatiue but this , to meete euery way with vs : euery precept else runnes in this tenour , Thou shalt not : this requests vs mildly , and saith Remember , nay , it not onely desireth vs , but it perswades vs , and giues vs a reason , whereas the Lord might absolutely command vs , yea he affoords not onely a reason , but many reasons , as foure in number , which is to none else , that euery way we might be perswaded . Now he vseth the word of remembring for a speciall watchword of watchfulnes , which importeth thus much . Whatsoeuer ye do , do this , and do it with care , haue a speciall regard to this , in any case forget it not , that so we might thinke the breaking of this day to be no trifle : & it is taken carefully frō vs when we giue a special charge , Deut. 5. Take heed to this day , remember it , ere it come , ye may be ouertaken . By the Sabbath is meant the holy rest , so the land hath a Sabbath : and this day is exempted by God from the rest to this end . Indeed by nature all daies were alike and common , till God seuered one ; which for his sake , and the ends sake must be distinguished from the ordinarie daies : so all men and creatures were common , vntill the Lord set them apart to speciall vses . The Sabbath is wholy morall tows , and to our Fathers ; partly morall , and partly ceremoniall to the Iewes , vnto whome euery commaundement had a ceremonie ; first , by reason of their weaknes ; secondly , because they were vnder the clowde . Now they are cut off . But before them was the morall vse of this precept , euen from the beginning , Exod. 16. nay Gen. 2. and no tradition quenched it . So our Sabbath continues , and takes hold on the conscience . True it is , euery day we are bound to sacrifice , and not to forget our dutie , Psal. 1. 2. we must pray continually , and Dauid sacrificed thrise a day , Psalm . 55. but this day must be wholly sanctified , no part of it must be giuen to other things , to look to our selues in , So Adam had a vocation , and a rest in part , and wholy : for nature distract , can doe nothing well . As for the cremonie of the day , it was in the seuenth day , but that is altered into the day wherein our Redemption was finished , and the world renewed : and therefore by the Apostles themselues this day was instituted . 1. Cor. 16. Actes . 20. 7. For the name it is plaine , Apoc. 1. 10. The rest of it , in regard of the straight-yoke , was from gathering sticks , Numb . 13. 32. from kindling a fire , Exod. 35. 3. and the sanctifying of it , was in killing of Lambs , and offering flowers . The Sabbath is a signe , but not a ceremonie , as the tree in Paradise , it doth admonish of the true Rest , & is a pledge of the euerlasting Rest. It is the agreement betweene the Lord and vs , Exod. 31. 17. Ezech. 20. 12. It is the Market-day of the soule to gather Manna , which is the bread of life . Well , we must first rest ; from what ? frō our owne worke , works , words , and delights : for the Law is spirituall , Esai . 58. 15. First , we must rest from the works and labours of the sixe dayes , which are heere opposed to rest ; from bearing burthens , Iere. 17. from gathering Manna , Exod. 16. which was their foode ; from treading the wine-presses , and making bargaines , Nehem. 13. from bringing sheaues , Ibidem , both in Earing time , and Haruest , Exod. 34. 21. To worke on the Sabbath is to defile it , Exod. 3. The plague of fire , is God his iudgement of it , Ierem. 17. 27. Gods seueritie by death , Exod. 35. As for the sanctifying of it , GOD hath made it holie , Gene. 2. 3. By his blessing he associateth vs to make it holy , as well as himselfe , & that is by our obedience . He hath done what he can to make it holie , let not vs prophane it , & he will not account it holy , vnles we so vse it . We must therefore separate it from the comon vses , as the Church , the font , the cup , which are pu to holy vses , to the worship of GOD , & the furthering of religion . First , we must seperate into Gods worke , as preaching , Luc. 4. 16. Reading , Acts. 13. 13. Prayer , 16. 13 conference , Mala. 3. Meditation . Psalm . 92. or any good worke , Matth. 12. 12. whatsoeuer sheweth in vs the power of Christ his Resurrection . Now to the reasons . It were a great sinne not to yeeld to his Commaundement , a greater , not to yeelde to his perswasionss . His first eason is , Sixe dayes shalt thou labour , &c. This is rather a permission than a commandement , as was that of eating of the Trees in Paradice . If GOD had giuen vs one for our selues , and kept sixe for himselfe , it had bene equitie in him to command , and dutie in vs to obey : now he hath kept but one for himselfe , and that for profite too . To breake the commaundement in respect of such liberalitie , were great sinne , as we may see in Nathans conference , in Aeuaes reasoning , and in Iosephs argument with his Mistris , as also in Io●s speach to his wife . And doe all that thou hast to doe : That is ; Finish all ere this day come : Reserue this wholy to GOD , vse not this to performe any part of thy busines : For therefore haue I parted the sixe dayes , and giuen thee them , that this ( one ) may be wholy mine . Secondly , the Lord saith , it is his Sabbath ; therfore not ours , neither to vse it in our Fayres , our Haruest , or our plaies . So that the offence reboundeth vp to heauen , Rom. 13. 2. In it thou shalt doe no manner of worke . Here is the negatiue part , worke sixe dayes [ Rest the seuenth ] in them doe all , in this doe none : a flat antithesis . GOD hath dealt prodigally with vs , let vs not deale sparingly with him . Thou & thy sonne . We see he begins with the superiour ; ergò , he ought to be so far from hindering , that he must looke to the sanctifying of this day , and prouide that his inferiours , and they in his gouernement rest as well as hee , both from their owne , and from their Maisters busines . The practise whereof we may reade . Nehem. 13. And the reason is good , because in respect of God and his seruice , there is no respect of Master and seruant ; so that though the superiour rest himselfe , if he prouide that all his house doe rest as well as himselfe , hee violateth the Lords rest . Deut. 6. 7. Thy cattell , for bodily rest . This sheweth Gods mercie to be great , which prouideth for man and beast , and this hee doth , that too much might not be exacted of the creature , but that they might haue a breathing time : And secondly , that wee seeing them rest , might the more effectually be moued to rest our selues , as the King of Niniuie . Thy stranger ; We must haue Lots care ouer the bodie of our strangers , they are of our iurisdiction whiles they are vnder our roofe , and wee must sanctifie our house , much more euery man must be sanctified . GOD , thus in setting downe euery particular , takes away all occasion of quarrelling in the breach of this law . For in sixe dayes . This is set downe , that in the Lords method wee might consider of his workes , as Dauid , Psalm . 139. and Iob , chapt . 10. Wee haue the example and practise of it in GOD himselfe , who being aboue all Lawes obserued this , to make vs more willing . Let vs be like to him , for by hauing notable exāples , we are more effectually stirred vp toe do any thing . It is the vse of the Scriptures after reasons to exemplifie , as CHRIST , Ioh. 15. in teaching humility , & Paul 1. Cor. 11. Therefore we are to follow God , if we be his childrē , who hath for our example vouchsafed this day this great dignitie . He blessed it , and the works of it , making them effectually to worke in vs regeneration , and fitting vs for eternall life . Hee hallowed it to the ease of seruants , and beasts , so bridling our worldlines to the Meditation of his creatures , to the worke of Faith and charitie . Wherefore what God hath hallowed , let no man prophane . CHAP. X. Of Discipline , and Excommunication . WHen men are neither profitable for the land , nor good for the dunghill they must he cast out . This casting out hath a necessary vse in the bodie naturall , as where nature cannot doe it of her selfe , there she doth it by art ; in the body ciuill as by exile ; in the body ecclesiasticall , as by excōmunication ; in the body oeconomicall , by suspension or expulsion . God cast out Adam from paradise , the Angels from heauen , Abraham cast out the bondmaide with her sonne , Moses separated the leprous persons from the cleane ; CHRIST cast out buyers and sellers out of the Temple . 2 The rulers of the Church are called the Church , to whom Discipline appertaineth , euen as Mark. 3. not the whole companie of the Iewes , but the rulers of the Synagogue are called the Church of the Iews . Therfore as we call the Court of Parliament the Realme gathered together , although it be but an Epitome to sit , and compromise of things : so these fewe being a Compendium of the Church , haue all things committed vnto them . And God himselfe in the Parable doth not bewray this , but doth in wisedome conceale it : saying , They will without peraduenture reuerence my Sonne : So without controuersie , one would thinke they would heare the Church . But as the Iewes made a way with him that was the heire , so we say now adayes with the Edomites , Psal. 137. down with the Church , that there bee no feare of yoake , nor the print of the yoake vpon our necke . Well , how grieuous a thing it is to despise the Church , wee will see by the dignitie appointed to the Church in the word of God. Tit. 2. it is called a peculiar people , and in an ancient tongue , The Lords Iewel , 2. Cor. 4. All the world was made for the Church , & for the Churches sake , CHRIST was a Christ , Heb. 11. Hee that despiseth the Church , the world is not worthie to giue him breath , Hebr. 1. The Angels of God are seruants to it . Cor. 6. the Church shall iudge the whole world , and the Angels 2. Pet. 1. 3. 4. The Church is partaker euen of God his owne nature ▪ Ephes. 4. The Church is the fulfilling of Christ , so that Christ is as it were maimed without it , and what can be said more of it ? 3 An excommunicated person was so odious among the Iewes , that besides that they did excōmunicate him , and shut him out of their Synagogues , if they met such a one , they thought it a speciall token of some fortune as they tearme it . So that among the Iewes excommunication was worse then fiue deaths : so much was reuerenced the censures of the Church . This did the Church , but when men began to be idle they put off this dutie . But what is this excommunication ? A giuing vp to Satan . There was a great partition wall between God and vs , vntil Christ came and made a breach , & entered into the place wherein God was shut vp from vs. Christ himselfe became the dore , but the keye of the dore hath he committed to his faithful Minister . They that are without this wall , they are among the Ziims , and Iims , among the Owles , and Dragons , they are as in hell , and in exile from the congregation of Christ. Eliah made the heauens brasse three yeere , so as they gaue no raine : but what a thing is it to make God as brasse , so that all the spoutes of his mercy be stopped , and all conduites of compassion should be dammed vp against vs ? 4 In the case of discipline we haue to deale with the Lord of heauen and earth : It is to good purpose to know with whom we haue to deale , for it causeth vs to bestirre our selues in dealing with worldly men : then how much more now must it cause vs so to doe ? This discipline did Christ himselfe put in practise , who oft taketh the trouble of his members to himselfe , as appeareth in his speech to Paul ; Paul why persecutest thou me ? and in the saying of Peter to Ananias , Thou hast lied against the holy Ghost . And surely at the last day , the contempt of the Ministers shall be counted as deepe a sinne , as if we had contemned God himselfe : which may appeare in Dathan , Corah and Abiram . And surely God thinketh wee should honour his Church aboue all : and yet men say , Come l●t vs kill the heire . Wherefore the Lord will come and note out these husbandmen . Howsoeuer men please themselues in doing thus , yet God that sitteth in heauen shall laugh them to scorne , and vexe them with his sore displeasure in the end . 5 The discipline which Christ hath instituted is cōmitted to the Church . Behold , and heare a miracle , heauen placed vnder the earth : where as in all other things heauen is aboue earth , God made heauen and earth ; Thy will be done in earth , as it is in heauen : so now with Dauid we must say , What is man that thou art so mindfull of him ? not onely to giue him the rule of earth , but euen of heauen , yea of Angels , yea of God himselfe : so that now God cannot loose them whom the Church hath bound : so that although he doth many things without vs , yet when we haue done this , he doth not otherwise , &c. Else there are many bound in heauen , which are not bound in earth , especially in these daies when the leaues are fallen from the tree , the beautie is gone , and the discipline is taken away : yet the Angels haue chaines though we cannot see them : so that they watch ouer the wicked to bind them , and to cast them into hell . Thus we see the high dignitie of the Church , and yet this is not giuen to euery one , but to the Church , who though they be base , and contemptible , yet the Lord cōmitted vnto them the apple of his eye . In the Epistle to the Hebr. he saith , That the earth the ayre , & the heauen are not worthie to giue them breath , he hath made the Angels to be their seruants , to them he hath giuen such authoritie . And no marueile , for he hath made them more excellent than the Angels , he hath made them the bodie of his Sonne , yea and the friends of his owne selfe . To them he committed his treasures . And what be his treasures ? Surely when Dauid commeth to value it , he saith , that it is better than gold , yea than much gold , than much finde gold , than all pretious stones . Yea and that he might leaue nothing out , he saith , it is better than all things else . Yea the Kings of the earth doe , and ought to fetch the law at the hands of the Leuites , although they now being corrupted , seeke counsellers like vnto Achitophel . Thus we see how the Lord esteemed his Church , whom he maketh thus his treasurer . We know that Kings make great account of those men , whom they make their Lord Chancellers . The second note of the dignitie of the Church is , in that the Lord hath committed his broad Seales vnto them . What , hath the Lord seales ? Yea , and therefore the Lord said to Ieconiah ▪ though he were the signet of his hand , yet he would put him off . And what seales be these ? Surely it is the Sacrament of Baptisme , and of the Supper , and these are the seales which the Lord hath giuen to his Church . The third note of this dignitie of the Church is , that the execution of iudgemēt is giuen vnto them : and this maketh men esteemed when they are put in such high places . Well then , the Lord hath committed into the hands of the Ministers the execution of life & of death , and therefore they are said to iudge the world ; and if they be Iudges of the world , they will not reuerse their sentence : and therefore they shall surely be condemned whom the Church bindeth . And though that they may not boast of their power to destroy but to edificate ( for al venemous beasts can they destroy , &c. and so can the halter ) yet they haue great glorie thereby : for the censure of the Church ( as one saith ) was , and is the day of iudgement , before the great day of iudgement come . So that by this we see to what dignitie the Lord hath in all points aduanced his Church . 6 It is said that the Diuels dispossessed thought not so highly of themselues , but they could be content , and desired to be cast into a heard of swine : so that this is the estate of this vile fiend , that so he may be in some , neither dogge nor hogge is misliked of him , he refuseth not the very she , but he will haue it . It is farre otherwise with our Sauiour Christ , he will not communicate , nor haue communicated his holinesse and his sacrifice to such soules , as haue not clensed themselues from the corruptiō of nature as swine , or from corruption of custome as dogges : hee himselfe denies his pretious things to such vile creatures , Matth 7. 5. Therefore if Christ denie these things , who dares graunt them ? For as in the beginning of his workes , he separated the light from darknes , and in the end shall separate the sheepe from the goates ; so will hee haue vs to make a separation betweene his Saints , and swine : and therefore he hath not onely charged his Ministers , who are in office next to him , to take order for the separation of the pretious from the vile , but also euery particular man , according to the measure of his calling . But in our common course we offend , as not giuing where wee should giue , so by giuing where wee should not giue ; as by not casting where wee should cast , so by not casting to them wee should cast . Indeede in particular to iudge of a man to be a swine , or a dogge , as Paul did Hymeneus , Philetus , and the Copper-smith , we cannot . If we see euident signes of a scorner , of a foole , that is , of one vtterly destitute of the grace of God , of a reuiler of the word , of one couered with the leprosie of sinne , and pleasing himselfe in the wallow of his filth : when hee is thus , that is , while he is such a one , that whatsoeuer is bestowed on him is lost , we must stay the casting of pearles , or giuing of pretious things to such , vntill the Lord by the touch of his finger hath turned him , vntill ( I say ) the Lord hath taken order for a way to bee made for the applying of that which wisely is to be administred . But if we neglect to giue pretious things , when and where we should giue them , and then after giue when & where wee should not , by rebuking a man in his rage , wee should rather driue into a further blaspheming , than take away his former sinne . CHAP. XI . Of Meanes . ALthough God haue appointed ordinarie causes , yet hee hath reserued in his owne soueraigntie and iurisdiction the staffe of them , and the vertue , infusion and heate of them . For as the Physition prescribing a medicine made with wine , it is not the bare wine that nourisheth , but it is the thing steeped in the wine that worketh : so although wee haue things ministred vnto vs by the best meanes , vnlesse the Lord put to his staffe all is but in vaine . For as wee may see some continually fedde with cordiall and nutritiue meates , notwithstanding labour of a consumption ▪ so we shall see others fedde with water-gruell , and yet to be very well nourished . On this manner GOD can worke with meanes , and this he can worke without the meanes , because the Lord would shewe that he reserueth a power beyond meanes : although hee established all things in a naturall course , yet he brought foorth euery thing without meanes : so the light was created the first day , the Sunne the foorth day . Men seeing their corne not to grow , crie for raine : but her bes and fruits grew before raine . True it is that we looke for things ordinarily now by meanes , but they began without meanes : as God making man at first without seede , now will increase them with seede , his blessing being with his ordinance , and not else . But behold a further thing , God worketh not onely by meanes , and without meanes , but contrarie to meanes also . Christ when hee would restore sight to the blinde man , doth it with that meanes which wee thinke would put out a mans eyes , and blinde the sight of him that can see ; whereby he sheweth that euen contrary things obey him . Eliah , 2. King. 4. to make salt waters sweete , putteth salt in them : such is the power of our God which bringeth light out of darknes , which is the destruction of light . The meanes to reape profit by the word of God , are 1. reading , 2. hearing , 3. praying , 4. conference , 5. meditation , 6. practising . By meditation we disgest things , & meditation maketh vs haue vse of that we reade or heare . Knowledge is gotten first by hearing , else one may go mumbling a long time , vnlesse he haue one to direct him : and it is a prouerbe among men , that the doctrine of the Maister is the learning of the scholler . Secondly , because it is not good to hang our knowledge on other mēs sleeues , therfore we must reade . Thirdly , many reade bookes , but they are but book-learned , as we say such a man is book-learned : these haue nothing else of their owne , therefore is meditation necessarie , it maketh learning our owne . Fourthly , we may be deceiued , we may thinke we haue knowledge when we haue none , there it is good to make many doubts , and hence commeth conference : all these meanes are to be vsed , for God sometime blesseth one , and not another , we must vse all least we should tempt God : some heare , and not reade ; some reade , and not meditate ; some keepe their studie , and neuer conferre . Faith is a knowledge , it is called a demonstration , it hath alwaies relation vnto the word , as the schollers learning is the Maisters doctrine . Wicked men know the Scriptures as it is a knowledge , but they cannot applie it , and haue the true vse , men of God speake as if they were moued , therfore the interpretation of the scripture must be of the same spirit , no man knoweth the minde of God but Gods spirit . CHAP. XII . Daemonis appellationes , or the diuers names giuen to the Diuell in scripture . THE Diuell is called Daimôn of his great knowledge , and great experience , Diábolos of his slaundering , and false accusing : peir ázan of sifting , boring , and broching the faithfull to see what is in them : skoloposarkòs of making vs subiect to the rebellion of the flesh , the Diuell of doing euill , or à diuellendo , or else as in the old english monuments , the diuels fetched from the Greeke Diábolos , for his authoritie the Prince of this world , that is , of the corrupt estate of the world ; for his forme and vgly shape , the Prince of darkenes ; for his vntruth , a lying spirit ; for his filthines , an vncleane spirit : for his hurting , a serpent : for his experience in hurting , an old serpent : for his strength , a Lion : for his greedines , a ramping , or roaring Lion : for his poyson , a Dragon : for his alluring , a tempter : for his constraining , an armed man , hauing store of darts : sometimes he ramps and roares in one sharpe , with hornes and clawes full of terrour in a Lions skinne , which is especially in the euill day at the houre of death . Sometimes he transformes himselfe into an Angels shape , in bright apparell , full of compassion in the mantle of Samuel ; in a religious habit , full of scripture , euery other word is scriptum est , setting an ambush of Diuels to inuade vs ; holding the crosse , and this is his craft : If he be able to change himselfe into an Angell of light , much more is he into a shadow of the night , for he setteth his nets , and diggeth his pits in euery thing to take vs in our flesh by ease , or pleasure , or pride of the eyes , suis mimis , by death , and the feare of it . In our soule he hath his forge , and bellowes , euill motions , lusts , suggestions to kindle the fire of concupiscence , in our affections bending our feare , and our loue , and such like to that which they should not be imployed vnto , in our reason by casting doubts , and planting the roote of bitternes in vs , which is infidelitie : in the creatures by abusing of them , or by vnthankfull receiuing of them : in the world by hauing his nets in riches , preferments , euill examples , customes , and euill companie : in melancholie humors , perswading despaire to be true sorrow ; in cholericke bodies , perswading wrath to be good zeale ; in ciuill wisedome , by mingling policie with Christianitie ; in our best motions , by mingling with repentance distrust in Gods mercies , with faith securitie ; in making vs measure Gods loue or hatred by blessings , or afflictions , of this life ; in preuenting vs of good by breeding in our hearts a loathsomnes of the word , and wearines in the meaner ; in stripping Christ of his high Priests garments , and true office of mediatorship ; vrging sometime these sayings , Except ye also repent , ye shall all likewise perish : which kinde of sentences are not so properly his , as belonging to his office , which is a Mediator and true Sauiour . 2 Sathan is inuisible , changeth himselfe into an Angell of light , that he cannot be discerned by the eye , no nor by reason , he windeth himselfe into our reason . Peter thought Christ should not dye , what reason was it that the sonne of man should dye ? CHAP. XIII . Of the contempt of the Ministerie . 1 IEhu being threatned , called the Prophet a madbraine , ( for so they iudged of them that digressed any whit from the set composition of words , and orderly precepts of their arte ) which no doubt therefore hath , and will come to passe , because men can no longer either lend eye , or eare , than either they can see by reason , or discerne by arte , or whiles the speaker keepeth himselfe within this ordinarie course of stile , or carieth himselfe euen in an orderly and oratorious period , so long as wittie inuention , comely compassing of matter , proportionable measure of words are afforded : but if a man come to cut vp the conscience , and in some vehemencie of spirit dealeth more roughly , and lesse orderly with their speciall sinnes , then he is brainesicke , and runneth , as they say , besides the text . Neither are these complainers sillie soules , but learned Parthians , and wise Arabians , men elaborate in arte , skilfull in precepts , and proud Babylonians , who cannot discerne betweene a godly vehemencie of spirit for the Lord of hosts sake , and a rayling austeritie of speech for malice , or vaine glorie sake . If then Paul be misconstrued wrongfully , he must recompence such sinnes with meekenes patiently , whereby often the Lord hath brought to passe , that the proudest heart of most obstinate gainesayers haue beene more broken , seeing the mild sufferance of the Ministers of Christ , than if they had beene pursued with most hote reuengement ; which then especially experience hath proued true , when the Lord with some crosse and humilation sealing the truth of his faithfull and zealous seruants , hath caused many to thinke themselues to haue resisted the graces of God , and persecuted the gifts of God in them , whom they thought before to be curious , precise , and seekers of singularitie . 2 Grieuous enough it is when our corne , our cattell , our goods and treasure shall come to the tables of our enemies , but what though we be yet freed from such Chaldaeans , yet is there a great famine in the land , which they little thinke of that are the Church-robbers , whom we falsely call Patrons of the Church . Little thinke they of it , who in stead of feeding to saluation , starue many thousands to destruction , in whom if there were any loue of God from their hearts , I dare say , and say it boldly , that for all the promotions vnder heauen , they would not offer that iniurie to one soule , that now they offer to many hundred soules . But Lord how do they thinke to giue vp their reckning to thee , who in most strict account wilt take the answere of euery soule committed vnto them one by one ? Or with what eares doe they often heare that vehement speech of our Sauiour Christ feede , feede , feede ? With what eyes doe they so often reade that pearcing speech of the Apostles feede the flocke , whereof you are ouerseers , looke vnto the flock committed vnto you ? But if none of this will mooue them , then the Lord open their eares to heare the grieuous grones of many soules lying vnder the grislie altars of destruction , and complaining against them : O Lord the reuenger of bloud , behold these men whom thou hast set ouer vs to giue vs the bread of life , but they haue not giuen it vs , our tongues , and the tongues of our children haue sticken to the roofe of our mouthes , for calling , and crying , and they would not take pitie on vs : we haue giuen them the tenths which thou hast appointed vs , but they haue not giuen vs thy truth which thou hast commanded them : reward them ô Lord as they haue rewarded vs , let the bread betweene their teeth turne vnto rottennes in their bowels , let them be clothed with shame , and confusion of face as with a garment , let their wealth as the dung from the Earth , bee swept away by their executors , and vpon their golde and siluer which they haue falsely treasured vp , let continually be written , The price of bloud , The price of bloud ; For it is the value of our bloud : O LORD , if thou didst heare the bloud of Abell ( being but one man ) forget not the bloud of manie , when thou goest into iudgement . CHAP. XIIII . Of shame , and shamefastnes . Rom. 6. 12. 21. 22. THere is is a shame that is two-fold : First , naturall , as in Paradice , ( that is ) an affection of Nature , and this was good : Secondly , after the fall was shame ; but that was euill : but that shame is of the beginning of that godly shame , as temporall losse , & worldly sorrowe , oft brings a partie to that godly sorrowe : of which is spoken , 2. Cor. 7. So this shame brings men often to that godly shame . 2 Wee say in a Prouerbe , hee is not past grace , he blusheth : that is true partly , for some good and conscience remaineth in such . A heathen Philosopher seeing a yong man come by him blushing , saide vnto him , Young man be not dismayed , be of good comfort , there is hope in thee , this is the very colour of vertue ; meaning that blushing is a good signe . It is an euill signe , when men are past shame . As in this Age of ours , young men are bold , and not afraid of anie . Iob chapter 28. saith , that young men ran from him for shame ; ours are impudent , of fore-heads of steele , out-facing matters with swearing , &c. I care not say they for them all , let them speake what they will , it is the saying of the heathen Orator , to neglect what euery man saith of him . This a point not onely of one that is negligent , but of such a one as is altogether dissolute . 3 There be manie other fruites of sinne , beside shame , Gen. 1. at the Creation all was good , GOD saw it so , therefore all the euill which we see , is of sinne , as confusion in the World , distemperature in the Bodie , maladics in the Soule ; all disorders of the House , Towne , Common-wealth , come hence : why then doth not the Apostle say , sinne bringeth these ? The reason is , for that these doe not follow the sinner euer presently : the Lord doth not euer cast the sinner into prison , exile , sicknes , &c. yet this shame euer followeth him , if hee run beyond the Seas , saile , ride , goe into darknes , yet the Lord is there , and thy shame pursues thee . Here note the goodnes of GOD , and his wisdome , after sinne he only giues this shame to vs , that we should enter into our selues . This , first is a most mercifull way for vs : if he should either prison vs , plague vs with sicknes , &c. when we sinne , it would consume vs , we were neuer able to abide it ; so that this monitor is best . Secondly , it is a most wise way : all haue this in them , shame , a conscience at all times , and places : but not so of other punishments , we haue them not . Againe , many a man in prison , exile , and other plagues haue a stout heart and stomacke , but shame makes him hang downe his head and repent , none of the other doe so . 4 There is a shame of the world , such as are ashamed of men , not of God : in godly shame men are not ashamed of men , but of God , they cast down their heads , goe from chamber to chamber and mourne , &c. They are ashamed to come before God , yet they come vnto him , and pray vnto him , as Luc. 25. the prodigall sonne . Luc. 7. Magdalen , that came behinde Christ. Ierem. 13. Ephraims repentance is set downe , hee saith , I smote on my thigh as one in griefe , I was ashamed . Dauid , Psalm . 51. shames himselfe . 5 There is a secret hiding of sinne , that argues shame in men , as in Adam , Gen. 3. Dauid , 2. Sam. 11. colours his sinne . So we finde many excuses and clokes , but the fruite of an euill life is shame : and this must be voluntarie in Gods children ere they die . What fruite hast thou had of a wicked life , when as of foure and twenty houres in a day , thou hast not bestowed two of them in the Lords seruice ? Of two and fiftie Sabbaths in the yeare , thou hast spent these worse then anie day in the yeare ? what will become of it ? ere thou dye , shame . Sixe dayes the Lord giues to worke in , yet serue him on those dayes , begin with prayer , and end with it . Worldly busines distracts men , therefore the Lords day is giuen to recouer vs from distraction , and wholy on that day to serue the Lord. CHAP. XV. Of Iustification . WHen wee speake of growing vp in the feare of God , the word so translated seemeth to bee a word of quarrell and controuersie , betweene the maintainers of mans iustification by workes and vs , who either doe , or would seeme to emptie men of all opinion of inherent righteousnesse , that there might be nothing left in vs , but the glory wholy be giuen to God. For they would haue it , that we should perfect our holines , and so they ground , that wee by holines might come to perfection . Now concerning this their perfection , which like proctours they so patronage , if wee aske any of them , if he be that perfect man or no , there hath not been any found that would take it vpon him , they cannot finde vs among their manifold orders ; one that is so perfect , nay they denie them this perfection : which thing if they doe in ciuill modestie , thinking they can doe it , and will not acknowledge it , they lye both to God and the world . All the quarrell is this , I doe not dispute saith the defendant , whether I bee perfit or not perfit , but I affirme that some haue attained this perfection : who be they ? Here they bring especially their two old fathers , Zacharie and Simeon , who were men fearing God , holy , and iust , and therefore perfit : and thus they thinke men are not so much to be abased as we thinke they are . Now to beare out this point , if we might stand in it , I meane of growing vp to perfection , the very opinion of the Catharoi ( such as were indeede the Puritanes in the Primitiue Church ) would not challenge this so arrogantly as they doe . Many reasons may be made against them , but we will vse that one of the holy Ghost himselfe , euen in that place , where they stand vpon their guarde , 2. Cor. 7. 1. where we be taught that such men as they would haue perfit , must haue also promises : wee knowe to whom a promise doth appertaine , being of free grace , not to men of perfection , for grace is not needfull to such . I would know therefore what perfit man needeth promises , for a promise is of free grace . This seemeth to bee enough to ouerthrow this perfection of holines , for euen such men , saith Paul , neede promises . We will come to their owne example , take Zacharie and marke his song , Blessed bee the Lord God of Israel , not because hee hath inabled vs to perfection , but because hee hath redeemed vs being vnperfit , for his mercy promised , and his oath sworne , and that hee would send vs deliuerance . So that their very perfit man is glad to be redeemed , and to be deliuered . Now come to Simeon his song , Lord let thy seruant depart in peace : Why ? because thou hast made vs perfit ? Nay because mine eyes haue seene thy saluation : so that this man also needeth saluation . If then these holy paterns of perfection needed the promises of God , and saluation by Christ , wee dare conclude against them , that they were not perfit as Papists teach they were . CHAP. XVI . Of Parables , and Similitudes . IT pleaseth God in speaking to men of their saluation , to vse the tearmes of their vocation , to whom he speaketh . And there is no sort of men , but God speaketh vnto them on manner . Therefore to Kings he speaketh , likening the kingdome of heauen to a King , making a mariage : to Merchants , likening the kingdome of heauen to a Pearle : and euen to the baser sort , and them that are in the kitchin , when he likeneth it to Leauen , and Mustard seede : and when hee speaketh to Husbandmen , he frameth his parable of the Sower ; as Ierem. 4. when the Lord might haue said plainly , Prepare your hearts , yee men of Iudah and Ierusalem : but hee rather speaketh vnto them in the tearmes of their calling , that as they are diligent and painfull in matters of this life , so they might be painfull in matters of their saluation , and that men might trie themselues , whether their care of eternall life bee answerable to their care of things concerning this life . And wee must thinke that of what vocation he vseth the termes to men , vnto that vocation he specially speaketh . For example in many places of the Scripture , he speaketh of husbandrie , that men by it might bee drawne to thinke of better things . For when wee goe into our fielde , and behold our grounds , and finde them that they are fruitfull , and plentifull , and that euen the vallyes doe so exceed with corne , that men sing for mirth , then euery man must think thus with himselfe : Surely my Haruest is very plentifull , and my corne which I haue sowne yeeldeth her increase with very great measure ; Now am I as plentifull & fruitfull an haruest vnto God ? Am not I rather a barren and drie ground , yeelding no fruite ? Surely , if our Haruest be fruitfull vnto vs , and we which are Gods Haruest are not fruitful vnto him , then our haruest shall condemne vs. For the meanes of Husbandrie , as Plough , Cart , &c. we are carefull to haue them , wee bestow cost to repaire them , and then must we thus thinke : See , I haue all the instruments of my Haruest in very good order , haue I the meanes of my saluation as well ? If I haue not , the very Harrowe , and horses harnesse will accuse mee . Thirdly , if we haue a Tree , whereas we bestow cost to cut it , and to prune it , and because it bringeth forth no fruite , we say , if thou wilt not serue me for my taste , thou shalt serue me for building : or if thou wilt not answere me for building , thou shalt serue me for the fire . Let vs remember that seeing GOD hath beene at great cost and charge to dresse vs , and wee bring forth no fruit , God shall not neede to condemne vs , wee our selues , and our owne iudgement of our tree will condeme vs : and cetainely , if wee be not good for fruite , wee shall bee put to the fire . Now as there is fruitfulnes of the ground , so there is fruitfulnes of the soule , and as there is fallownes of the land , so there is a fallownes of the heart . But how shall we knowe whether we be fallow or no ? For this is a point worthie to be stood vpon , considering the direct exhortation of the Prophet Ieremie , chapt . 4. Among many signes , I will content my selfe with foure . First , we know that all fallow grounds be common , and euery thing hath free passage thorow them , without any stop or let : so if our eares be common , that we can heare any talke , be it neuer so prophane , without any chill colde , as it were comming vpon vs , then doubtlesse our eares are fallow , and we had neede to be broken vp : and so of other parts . Secondly , in Fallow-grounds there is great quietnes ; in grounds broken vp to be sowne , there are many fowles busie , ready to picke vp the good graine being sowne ; but in the Fallow men neede take no care nor thought to driue them away . Now if wee finde all husht and quiet in our hearts , if wee doe not busie our selues with driuing away corrupt affections , it is a token wee lie fallow , and had neede of breaking vp . Thirdly , the showers falling vpon Tilled ground make it fertill , and fruitfull : but all the raine comming on Fallow ground is lost , in respect of any fruite , vnles it be for increase of weeds , and of thistles : Then if the blessing of GOD dropping as fast as raine on vs , raise vp no fruite in vs , vnles it be that we are made more proude and vaine ; we are yet fallow , and the Lord must breake vs vp . Fourthly , common passengers going by good corne bestow a prayer to blesse it , which none doe to the drie fallow , being fitter for children to play vpon , than for men to reape fruite on : so whosoeuer taketh such a course of life , that no man will vouchsafe to say of him , The Lord continue him ; and yet some worldly men will peraduenture say of him , He is a quiet man , and doth no man harme : yet if the skilfull plowman passing by ( I meane the Prophet , or Preacher of God , which can discerne better of the soile ) say not so much as we wish you prosperitie in the name of the Lord ; no doubt that man is fallow . But besides this , the diuell the enuious man & sower of Tares , vseth many policies that we may not be broken vp . Against whose wisedome , because I would haue you wise , I will bewray his wisedome . One point of his policie is this , he would keepe vs from the plow , and the plow from vs , and therefore when we should goe to heare the word , he casteth before vs other businesses , perswading vs that we may leaue the word , & meete the plow some other time ; whē it may be that iourney might haue turned vs vp , that time might haue bin the acceptable time of our calling . If pretence of businesse will not keepe vs away , but we will needes be plowed , he tries another point , and prooueth vs by pastime , by playes , by drowsinesse , and brings a great vnlustines vpon vs , that we haue no stomacke in the world to heare the Lord. Well , if so be that he cannot fadge , but wee will spite of his teeth come vnto the plough , then hee will labour to make the plow passe ouer vs , and so it shall not breake vp , that is , he will so deceiue vs with vaine and wandring conceits , that we shal onely heare , and hearing wee shall be as though wee did not heare , and so Pauls doctrine is inuerted by Sathan . Paul bids vs vse the world , as though we vsed it not ; the diuell bids vs vse the world , as though we vsed it not : which if wee doe , wee shall deale prouidently for the diuell , but vnwisely for the Lord , and for our owne saluation . If neither of these haue that successe that he looketh for , but we come vnder the hand of the Sower , and somewhat falleth on vs , then he goeth about to plucke out that which is sowne from vs , and so will bee sure to hinder the taking of roote in vs , and by this hee preuaileth mightily in many . And because not onely fallow ground , but sandie and stonie be vnfruitful , if he cannot haue vs fallow , he will haue vs sandie , or stonie . Wee knowe if seede be cast into sandie ground , it is easie to bee carried away with euery winde , and if the plow goe on stones , it will not profit the stones , but the stones wil hurt it . Christ biddeth vs not to giue holy things to dogs , and not to cast pearles before swine , least these tread them vnder their feete , and the other returne and al● to rent vs. Wherein wee vnderstand , that if the word of God be spoken vnto them ; they blow it from them like swine , and they receiue no more good than sandie ground . And another sort there is worse than this , who hearing the word , resist , and become enemies to the Preachers , as did that wicked man Ieroboam , who being reproued of his Idolatry , 1. King ▪ ● . 34 stretched out his hands to haue striken the Prophet , wherin they are like to dogges , and these are the stonie gounds . But to come to breaking of fallow grounds ▪ euery man must be carefull , first to vse the plow , which is the word of God , which he must come to heare ; then he must heare it as he ought , that is he must pray before hee come . CHAP. XVII . Of Gods prouidence . GOD his prouidence is great towards man , Psalm . 8. when as men see the Lord passing by the Sunne , the Moone , and Starres which are very beautifull , and fasting his loue in a lumpe of clay , wherein hee putteth a soule , which afterward hee purposeth to glorifie : hee passeth by creatures ingendring Muske , to vs which ingender lice , and stinch ; yea the Lord hath hid the gifts of creatures from themselues , and made them to feare vs , whereas if they knew the things wherin they excel vs , they would not bee so obedient , and yet the very life of all those thing are giuen vs to our comfort . God hath yet a more particular care of vs : for whereas all things naturally are delighted with their like , the Lord being delighted euen with his first worke in vs , much more is delighted with the second worke in vs by regeneration ; as when hee seeth we hate our selues to loue him , wee heare not our selues , but heare him . But most wonderfull is it , that God careth for euery particular , & singular persō yea for euery haire of euery person . He called and knew the Saints by their names , as Abel , Abraham , Moses , Samuel , Paul , Christ did not onely know Nathaniel , but a little accident about him , that he was vnder the figge tree . By this care the Lord knew to draw Lot out of Sodome , he singled out Caleb and Iosuah , yea he knoweth vs among twentie thousand . CHAP. XVIII . Of seeking of God. THere are none almost but at one time or at another they seeke God , though the common sort doe it at the last cast in their extreame agonies , and when health and friends faile , they goe to him . But Malachy saith , God is a King , and will haue his senioritie , and in this order of seeking , many good men are deceiued : for so they cousin not , nor deale falsely , they thinke they may scratch worldly riches ; but the Lord will not haue vs to take the siluer of worldly things , before the gold of godlines , neither must the seruant first waite some houres on himselfe , and then on his maister , but contrarie . As there is a seeking , so in seeking there is an order . This is Gods prerogatiue to be sought first , Matth. 29. He is a foole that thinketh that the gold of the Temple , that is riches , is better than the pietie in the Temple , which sanctifieth the gold . Salomons choise must be our direction . Abraham sought obedience before his owne countrie : Ioseph and Moses sought God rather than Pharaoh . But we seeke preposterously , giuing youth to pleasure , old age to God , wee make our eldest children Lawyers , the second or yongest Diuines , where as our fathers made the first borne to serue the Priesthood . In our contracts we first seeke wealth , and then religion , a cursed match . Well , because we can see no impietie , but a contrarietie , wee may so seeke God , that wee shall not finde God. Wherefore let vs seeke God in his word , and that not in a piece of the word , but in all the word , not making a conscience of some sinne , and yet retaining some other sinne . God will not be halfed , and quartered in quantitie , because he is indiuisible in substance . Many will vse a restrained obedience , and the world would haue a placard still for some sinne . Such a one was he that would haue a dispensation for kneeling in the house of R●mmon with his maister . Ananias would keep some part to himselfe . God will be sought totally in respect of his word , as also he requireth an vniuersalitie in seeking of himselfe . Wee must not seeke God and the world together , wee must not haue two strings to our bow , hauing one eye on the word , and an other on the world . Wee must not thinke if wee haue God it is well , if wee haue him not it is no great harme , proposing pietie to our selues so long as wee be in the Church , and promising immunitie to our selues being out of the Church . CHAP. XIX . Of sinne . VIolent good things and constrained deserue no prayse , and therefore the Lord suffered Adam to bee able to sinne , that not sinning when hee might haue sinned , hee might truly bee rewarded ; and not to haue sinned when there was in him none abilitie to sinne , was worth no commendation . And therefore the Papists doe euill in charging God , that he might haue giuen him such gifts , and right vse of his gifts as he should not haue sinned , as also that hee might haue hindred this euill . But the Lord was no more the cause of sinning , than the soule is the cause of halting in a man. For as in a lame man the soule is onely the cause of mouing , and the shrinking of some veine , or crookednes of the legge is the cause of vnperfect mouing ; likewise God is the cause of euery action in man , but our owne corruption is the cause of the sinne of the action : and yet for all this the Lord draweth out good euen from the vilest actions . Wherfore neither doth the Lord euill himselfe , nor suffereth euill to be done , but as hee driueth out a more good than there is ill in the action it selfe . 2 Some men leaue sinne , as adultery , theft , or murther , for open shame , or for punishment ; but in other cases which offend God as much , as negligence in their calling , prophanation of the Sabbath , neglect of hearing the word , they make no conscience at all . Therefore we must haue a labouring against all sinne . Others leaue sinne , but it is for age , or fayling in pleasure , or some such thing which hindreth them , of which diuers will tell of their sinnes with such mirth , and make much of them that fall into the same , when as the mention of them should be odious . It is not all one to leaue sinne , and to repent of sinne . Others haue a purpose to do good , and are attentiue in hearing of the word , but to winne credit by it , but not to credit it : whereupon it is that many doe not profit by hearing , nay they doe not desire to profit , nor are not sorie when they doe not profit . This is plaine poperie , they get the worke done they care not how . Some others haue done good , but their doing of good doth work in them such a pride that they take some glory of it to themselues , they are made more carelesse , which is abhomination before God. Sinne , shame , and death , came in together , liue together , and shall dye together : as in Adam he was naked and had no shame ; so in Christ , and in the godly at the last day no sin shall be in them , nor shame ; as in the Angels , now they are not . CHAP. XX. Of profit and pleasure . PAul diuiding the times , 1. Tim. 4 and 2. Tim. 3. into the latter dayes , and the last dayes , telleth in the spirit of prophecie of them both , that in the one there should bee much superstition , which are gone ; and in the other , into which wee are fallen , and they are fallen on vs , that men shall bee louers of pleasures more than of God , and account gaine godlinesse : so the one esteeme our life as a pastime , the other thinke of it as of a market , to be getting at all hands . Although Marthaes part be the worse , and Christ hath saide so , because it shall bee taken away from her , yet all choose her part , and yet this otherwise hath often a great scourge of God ioyned vnto it . It is the errour of the world in these dayes to thinke all is well , so we get not our riches by euill meanes : but I say , though wee vse no euill meanes at all to get them , euen in louing the bare things themselues too much wee offend : For not onely things corrupt are impure , but also things mingled with such things as are corrupt , are made vnpure : so things impure mingled with the soule corrupt it , because the soule is onely for the Lord. CHAP. XXI . Of Christs power . THe Sonne of God taketh care of that thing which wee thinke no pitle needes to be bee taken of , that is , of the peace of conscience . When men heare of their neighbours to come vnder this new Lord , they thanke GOD they are not so , and when they themselues are a little waked out of sleepe , and feele their head not well , but thinke the chamber goeth round about , they quietly can lye downe and fall to sleepe againe . Well then , seeing Christ taketh care of vs , wee must not feare a strong enemie , because wee haue a more valiant Captaine . The Diuell indeede is a Lion , but so is Christ a Lion , & that of the tribe of Iudah ; there is a Lion for a Lion , courage for courage . The Diuell is a Serpent , so Christ calleth himselfe a brasen Serpent ; there is a Serpent for a Serpent , and wisedome for wisedome ; yea a Serpent of brasse , to sting all the fierie Serpents of the wildernes . But thou saiest , Christ is called a Lambe , and a worme . Be not discouraged , that is in respect of his Father , who found him as meeke as a Lambe , who might haue troden on him as on a worme ; but the Diuell neuer found him a Lambe ▪ but a Lion. So that though before God hee was as a Lambe or a worme , yet before the Diuell , a Lion for a Lion , a Serpent for a Serpent . The weakenes of Christ is stronger than all the power of hell , Iohn . 18. when the Diuell seemed to be in his ruffe , when hee had a proud shew , he sends a great crue to take a sillie man ; when hee told them it was hee whom they sought , this little word cast them downe ; a word of a man , humbled and readie to be iudged , by the breath of his mouth , cast downe legions . What shall this Christ doe now in glorie ! nay what shall he doe when it commeth with thousands of Angels ? This then is the estimation , the Diuell is strong , but Christ stronger ; the Diuell is wise , but Christ is wiser . CHAP. XXII . Of Temptation . OF all punishments this is the sorest , to be suffered to walke as we list . Ps 78. the people would needes haue Quailes : Almightie God saith , Let them haue Quailes : but he destroyed them euen when the meate was in their ●●outhes , for with their morsels they swallowed wrath . Oh , saith the Lord , that the people would walke in my way , and Israel obey me : but because ●hey would not , God gaue them ouer to their hearts lust . Rom. 1. 24. Idol●trie the greatest sinne that can be , God punished with this : whereby we see how heauie a sinne it is in God his sight , how light soeuer wee make of it , to be giuen ouer to our owne hearts lust . In the booke of Numbers there is mention made of a place where the children of Israel were plagued , called the graues of lust , wherof a learned Father saith : In these daies there are many graues of lust , for his bodie that liues in pleasure is a graue of lust . And this is that which I desire we may see , that we might once haue a feeling of thornes in pleasure , and that God punish vs not by suffering vs still to goe on . I reade in the Scriptures of deliuering a man to Sathan , and of deliuering a man to himselfe : the first there may follow saluation , as wee see to the man in the Epistle to the Corinthians : but if wee fall into the second , it is dangerous . For it were better to be deliuered ouer to the diuell , than to his owne lust : for thither it will bring him , and that so , as he shall not see it nor respect it . FINIS . More speciall directions to be obserued , for the comfort of afflicted Consciences . ACcording to the measure of Temptations , GOD is accustomed to giue graces afterward . Belieue that GOD the FATHER doth gouerne your Temptations ; that the HOLIE GHOST shall , and doth assist you ; that IESVS CHRIST was tempted to ouercome in you ; that the Saints on earth doe pray for you , euen those which neuer knew you , but doe pray for the tempted ones . Vse the Word , Prayer , and Sacraments , Psalmes , Conference , Fasting , Vowing . Nothing must trouble you , but God his Word truely vnderstood , nor comfort you , but the same . A false feare doth often trouble and vexe one more , then that which is a true one . None can iudge of the worke of the Spirit , but by the light of the Spirit : as none can iudge the light of the Sunne , but by it selfe . None can say they are asleepe , which are so indeede : So none can say they are secure , which in heart confesse their securitie . Leaue off reasoning and complaining of your owne corruption : but aboue all things beware you complaine not of God. Dispute not with GOD , least you be confounded ; nor with Sathan , least you bee ouercome . Be still perswaded that your punishment is farre beneath your sinne . Beware to say you cannot be helped ; this is to hinder the worke of God : if you haue so said , repent you heartily thereof , aske God forgiuenes therefore for Christ his sake . Thinke not , nor speake not that secretly ( vnlesse it be complaining of your selfe ) which you would not openly thinke or speake . Enuie not the gifts of God in anie , neither thinke too hardly of anie for their infirmities : fret not your selfe for the prosperity of the wicked . Iudge not too hardly of your selfe , because you see so manie of Gods graces in others , which you cannot finde in your selfe . Take not pleasure in hearing or seeing euill in anie , or of anie , but be grieued rather : reioyce in the good of others . In such multitude of God his mercies as you enioy , maruell not you haue some crosses : God sends blessings with crosses , least wee should despaire : likewise crosses with blessings , least we should presume . In any outward blessing which you see you cannot haue , beseech God you may neuer be vexed for it . Any spirituall or corporall , inward or outward blessing which you trust God will giue you in time , beseech God you may not couet them too much , but ●arie his good houre vntill you doe enioy them . If you will haue an outward blessing , be well content to want it : If you would haue a crosse remoued , be content to goe vnder it , and beare it vntill the Lord remoue it : If too greedily you couet any such things , it is longer , or ere you shall enioy them , and more danger to abuse them when you haue them . A wi●e walking in your calling is a meanes to auoyde Temptations . 1. Our neede , &c. 2. God his goodnes to his creatures . 3. His commandements . 4. His promises 5. Examples of others . 6. The benefits receiued before vnasked . 7. The assistance of the holy Ghost . 8. The mediation of Iesus Christ. 9. The ministerie of the holy Angels . 10. The communion of the Saints . 11. Psalmes and prayers , made of others , read of vs. Thinke nothing so vile as sinne : Nothing so precious as Gods mercie . Water and bloud were especially vsed in sacrifices ; water signifieth clensing , bloud reconciliation : therefore there gushed out of Christs side both water and bloud , to declare that by him we haue both sanctification and iustification . The bloud of the beasts which were sacrificed was not onely shead , but also sprinkled vpon the holy vessels , vpon the booke , vpon the Tabernacle , & vpon the Altar ; to signifie that the shedding of Christs bloud is vnprofitable to vs , vnles our harts be sprinkled with it by the holy Ghost ; and that God accepteth no sacrifice at our hands , except his spirit come vpon it to sprinkle it with the blood of Christ. Our Lord Iesus Christ fasting and praying at the entrance of his calling , is our instruction : first , in respect of the greatnes of the calling : secondly , of gifts needfull : thirdly , of the grieuous perils which may insue : fourthly , of the losse of our labours at the least . Hee prayed in his own ministerie often : and when he sent foorth others , Matth 9 ▪ and Luke 21. As Abraham feared more , so likewise Iob , the neerer they came to the presence of God. Iob 39. 37. and 42. 5. Gen. 18. 27. Circumcision was neglected in the wildernesse fourtie yeers , likewise the Paschal Lamb more ; yet the Church of God was among them . Certaine rules for an afflicted minde , concerning seuerall temptations . THose temptations shall be laid to your charge , whereunto you yeeld , &c. No motion shall hurt you , whereunto you giue not consent in heart . You haue no sin , Whilest in heart you long to be free from it : you want no goodnes , which in heart you couet to haue . Rom. 7. Where sicknes is at the highest , there is hope of diminishing : so likewise in temptation . It is a great mercie of God to discerne a temptation , in time of temptation . When you would doe any good , or receiue any good , offer vp your endeuours , actions and meanes , in a sacrifice to God in Christ , beseeching God to giue his holy spirit to sanctifie his owne sacrifice . As you pitie your childe in the fit of an ague , so the Lord will pitie you in a temptation . If you haue receiued but a little release of temptation , giue thankes , and you shall haue more . It is a sinne as well to denie God his gifts , as to presume of them . Temptations smothered , as fire burne more inwardly . Be perswaded alwaies you are in the presence of God , and of his Christ. Be more afraid of secret sinnes , than of open shame . Lay this foundation sure , that there is mercie with Christ Iesus . Remember the former mercies you haue receiued ; and thinke your present estate to be none other , than the estate of Gods children . If you bee grieued , pray to God ; if relieued , praise him : there is a vicissitude of griefe , and comfort , as of light and darknes . Beware of a discontented minde in any case , yea be contented to haue your desires denied you of God ; and if your prayer be not heard , vexe not your selfe too much : neither vehemently couet , nor be grieued for any thing , sauing the hauing or losse of the fauour of God. Let nothing pearce your heart deepe , either in griefe or feare , but sinne and vnbeliefe . Labour for meeknes and patience , bee readie to kisse the rod , and to offer vp all to him , of whom you haue receiued your selfe : for if you struggle , it will fare with you , as with a bird in a grinne ; the more she striueth , the faster she is , and more twitched . Wee must vse the word in troubles and temptations , as a sicke man doth meate ; which though he eate against his stomacke , and presently feeleth no benefite of it , yet we knowe by experience it doth him good , and himselfe afterward shall receiue the same . In our great feare , we are lesse to be feared ; those are to feare , which feare not . Sometimes the Lord doth bring vnbeleeuers that wander from him by crooked waies , vnto himselfe . Reuerence those words and workes of God , which you vnderstand not . As the sense of an aguish man is corrupt ; so is the iudgement of one that is in temptation , ( Muscul. ) so that things that are , either seeme not to be , or not such as they are . The patient bearing of miserie , is an acceptable sacrifice vnto God. When the Goldsmith putteth a peece of gold into the fire to make better vse of it ; it seemeth to the vnskilfull that he vtterly marreth it : so the children of God in affliction seeme to the iudgement of the naturall man vndone and brought to nothing : but spirituall things are spiritually discerned . As none can discerne of the Sunne , but by his owne light : so neither of the Spirit . Hereof arise the diuers iudgements of the tempted , of themselues ; because sometime the good spirit doth inlighten them , and other times they are left in their naturall blindnes , and Satan also easily deluded them . Beleeue alwaies your estate to be the worke of God , and varie not therein , for your humiliation , your consolation , the glorie of God , and the good of others . Beware that you doe not often alter your iudgement of your estate , as saying , sometimes it is God his worke , sometimes Melancholie , sometimes your weaknes and simplicitie , sometimes witcherie , sometimes Satan , for these diuers thoughts will much trouble you : you may thinke Melancholie may bee an occasion , but no cause , and so of the rest . Looke stedfastly to the hand of God , surely resting on this , that hee not onely knoweth thereof , but that whatsoeuer is done , directly , or indirectly , by meanes or immediatly , al is done and gouerned by him . Beware of reasoning , of musing , of solitarines , of impatiencie of spirit , of murmuring , of anger , enuie , wishes suspitions , ielousies , too often eating , &c. or fastings , much medling with wordly businesse , or much idlenes , lying musing in bed , vaine mirth . Say not you cannot be helped : for that may hinder the worke of God. Say not if I were in such and such a place , I should be well . Whereas in consideration of the falling away of many excelling you , both in the ages and graces of the new birth , you feare you shall not perseuere to the end : your meditation and collection is good so long as it preserues you from the carelesnesse of your flesh : but it is euill , when it would dissolue the assurednes of your faith . Indeede so long as you looke vpon your selfe you haue cause of feare , because you are vnable to prolong , as you are to begin new birth : but if you looke to God , you haue nothing but matter of faith , for that whom he once loueth , he loueth for euer . Againe , as a man swimming in deepe waters is neuer in danger of drowning , so long as his head continueth aboue the waters : so , though you swimme in deepe feare of dangerous temptations , yet you are sure and secure , because Christ Iesus your head is still aboue all your troubles , and therefore is able to draw you his member to the shore of saluation , without all perill of perishing . It is hard to take vp and beare the yoke of Christ : but much harder it is to continue , drawing and panting in it vnto the end . This caused a godly father to pronounce , that in godlines not so much the beginnings as the endings are to be looked to . Iudas began gloriously , but he ended shamefully : Paul began ill , but he ended well . Then let vs say to our owne soules , Good Lord , what if our first loue be growne cold , how fearfull is it to come a great way out of Sodome ; and in the end to become a pillar of salt ? Oh , let vs neuer put our hand to the plough , and looke backe : keepe vs deare God , from the beginning in the spirit , and ending in the flesh . Oh , suffer vs not to be the first in outward vocation , and the last in inward sanctification : let vs feare , hauing beene once lightned , to be darkened . Remember how sometime thy heart hath wrought and trauelled in prayer , how the springs of your ioy haue beene in the Lord , and his Christ : how all thy delights haue been in his Saints : how it hath beene thy glorie in singing and praising to be familiar with thy God. These former fruites make me looke for after fruites . A streight course of religion is somewhat an vncomfortable companion : but blessed be that mortificatiō which so farre estrangeth vs from the world , that it chāgeth vs to the similitude of Christ , to whom we must be cōformed in sufferings , that we may be like him in glorie . Suffer not your heat to bee straight , narrow , and vncomfortable in heauenly things : this draweth away both the breath and bud , and the life of true godlinesse . The Lord keepe you from euill , and the Lord satisfie you with gladnesse , the Lord giue you the spirit of prayer , and heare your prayers , the Lord bee your teacher , your guide and your comfort , oh pray , pray , pray , it is the best sacrifice to God , and the most comfortable duty you can do● . I am not loth to put you in minde of these things , you haue many carefull for you in other things ; O pardō me if I be bold in this one thing , I trust I reioyce more in the good of your soule , than euer I should reioyce in the fruite of mine owne bodie : it would be a thousand deaths to me , as tenne thousand hels to see your soule misca●ie . O let me be accepted more than a ciuill friend , more than a friend of the world , giue me this benefit to be thought further than a friend in the flesh . No griefe , shame , or sorrow pleaseth the Lord , which goeth altogether separated from a sweete perswasion of his fauour . Againe , no pleasing our selues in the assurance of pardon is acceptable to God , which altogether reiecteth the care of espying , bewailing , and auoiding of sinne . Wherefore let this be the barre and bound of your affections in these cases : so long as Christ goeth with you , so long as the mercies of God accompanie you , so long as the grace of the Spirit shineth vpon you , be dealing with your sinnes , and condemne them to death : likewise while you are tender of conscience , afraide of sinne , reuerently prepared to walke holily with your God , laugh at Sathans accusations , despise destruction , and set at nought the terrors of hell . You neuer erre one way or other , but by failing of one or both of these : that is , either in your griefes you are grieued without comfort , or in your ioyes you reioyce without reuerence : whereby it falles out in the end , that as in vnnecessarie griefes you can finde no spirituall pleasure , so in vnaduised ioyes you can find no spirituall profit . He was not so much moued at the reproches of his enemies , as at the not profiting of his friends . Yet herein he had this comfort : first , if all profited not by his speeches , yet so that one among tenne profited , he thought he had the winnings that Christ had : secondly , if they profited not which he spake to presently , yet they might profit hereafter : thirdly , if none of them profited , yet he knew the word should not be in vaine . It is the policie of Satan , as to blinde , and beset the world with a quiet possession of an vniust mirth , thereby to keepe them from the true sight of their sinnes : so to oppresse the sillie flocke of Christ with false and causelesse feares , thereby to keepe them from the glorious feeling of their redemption . He knoweth to his griefe that your ioy may temporally be interrupted , but not finally or eternally be denied you : therefore he plieth himselfe , though he cannot extinguish it , yet to diminish your iust and royall right in your Christ : in regard wherof , you stād guiltie of not maintayning the Lords royaltie giuē to his elect , if in the least measure you yeeld to these slauish feares of the aduersarie . This subtill Serpent is not ignorant , that by these pensiue practises , he doth weare to a dulnes the edge of your prayers : and that he draweth from you with an vncomfortable tediousnes the fruits of your faith : and consequently by these meanes , you are depriued of the fruit of a more comfortable seruice to your God : the weake ones fearing also by your example the profession of Christ to be strict and comfortlesse . Of the power and priuiledges of Gods word . THhe Word of GOD is mightie , & liuely in operation , Heb. 4 12. 13. This place commendeth vnto vs the Word , by it effects shewing , that it is not a sound in the aire to tickle mens eares , & please their conceits , but it worketh with further power like a two edged sword to humble men , and being humbled , to raise them vp againe . Hereunto therefore is due a speciall prerogatiue and honor , because the worke of it shal be ratified in mens consciences , whether they be good or euill , elect or reprobates . For the word is the power of GOD to all , that an Anatomie of our corruptions laide before vs , wee might be driuen out of our selues to IESVS CHRIST . First , of the words , then of obseruations out of the doctrine . The word is liuely . Therefore not dead , as the wisdome of Philosophie . It is sharper then a two edged sword . This Metaphor is vsed Esay . 48. 2. where the Word is compared to a sword or an arrow , wherewith men are shot at . Also Ephes. 6. it is compared to a sword . And entreth to the deuiding asunder of the soule and the spirit , &c. This declareth , how the word reuealeth inward hypocrisie , and telleth vs that all our holines is but dissimulation , all our wisedome foolishnes , all our righteousnes as a defiled cloth . And of the ioynts , and of the marrow . This is added to shewe , that though wee hide our hypocrisie , and would ●urie it in the most secret parts , yet euen the bones shall tremble , and the marrow in the bones shall turne to rottennes : as Iob. 33. 19. Psal. 51 ▪ 8 Psal 32. And is a di●cerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart . Here we see , that where no law of man can take hold of vs , there the Lord will finde our intents by his word , and will gage vs to the bottome . Hence arise three questions . First , how the word doth thus worke in men ? It is when we vse good meanes , and God his Spirit worketh vpon the meanes . The vsuall meanes are hearing , reading , conferring , and meditating , and praying . This we may see 1. Corinth 10. Pro● . 29. Ephes 4. 1. Thess. 5. by the vertue of the word preached . To preaching we must ioyne reading of it , Act. 17. As for conference and meditation , we must know , that neuer any shall come to the marrow of knowledge without this meane . For meditation is the life of learning , the want where of causeth , that the greatest Clerkes are not the wisest men , Of prayer , Matth. 6. and 11. 1. Cor. 2. how needfull this is so many must acknowledge , as confesse the word to be a mysterie , and therfore not to be conceiued without the working of God his Spirit , which we must pray for . 2 Cor. 4. Secondly , it is asked of what part of the word this is meant ? I answere of both , that is of the Law , and of the Gospell . Z●ch 12. 1. Cor. 14. Thirdly : In whom these effects of the word are found ? Both in the godly and in the wicked , though not alike . Where we must know , that there is a feeling in both of these men , which is inward and not seene . Secondly , this power is not alwaies presently felt , but it worketh in God his appointed time . We shall see the word will often strike the vngodly , though they be loth to heare ; and although when they haue heard , they would shake it off , by inglutting their hearts with eating , drinking , and sleeping , yet it will wring them on their beds , at their tables , in their chambers , when they are with their companions . And although God his deare children do not alwaies feele this power to saluation , yet they haue it in greater measure at one time or at another . Hence obserue three vses . First , we must come to know the word . For the diuell moueth this fearefull question vnto many : How knowest thou this is the word , rather than any other doctrine ? To leaue grosse heresies , I answere by an interrogatorie . Whose words , if he were but a man , and spake as a man alone , did euer driue thee to hell ? whose words , did euer rip vp thy secret and close sinnes ? who hath drawne teares out of thine eyes and sorrow out of thy heart with a conscience of thy sinne , at which thou wert wont to laugh ? Whose words haue taken thee from the hell of thy conscience , to heauen ? who hath giuen thee ioy in sorrow , comfort in trouble ? What words of Philosophers can make of a Leopard a Lambe , of a viper a childe , of a leacher a chast person , of a couetous carle a liberall man ? All eloquent Oratours without the word , are bare Physitions to a troubled minde . Secondly , the word needeth none other helpes . 1. Cor. ● . and 2 , and 3. 2. Cor. 2. and 3. and 4. Howbeit we may vse other words besides the bare phrase of the Scripture : but we must beware of humane inuētions , & take heed we vse not vncertain phrases for certaine . If we vse the authoritie of Heathen men , we doe ill . We may alleadge them , but most sparingly , and not naming them , but by way of an argument we may shew , that the Heathen saw this and that , and therefore we should not be ignorant of it . Similitudes may be vs●d , if they be naturall , and not constrained . We must vse them as sauce to prepare vs for better things . We must not straine them , least we presse out corruption . The milke in the breast not strained is pure , too hard pressed it is corrupt . Thirdly , the word worketh by diuers meanes . And I hope with Eliah that there be ●oe profit by the word , than I see . Iohn Baptist came mourning , Iesus Christ came piping , but few profited . For many would follow Iohn , vntill he required repentance . They would heare Christ , vntill he spake of the crosse . Great is the wisedome of God in vsing the vehemencie of one , the mildnes of another , the zeale of another . But some will neither profit by Iohn nor by Iesus Christ , who will rather be offended at the infirmities of the speaker , being few , than by his good speeches profit , though they be many . FINIS . A LETTER AGAINST HARDNES OF HEART . I Beseech GOD the Father of IESVS CHRIST giue me his good Spirit in writing to giue aduice , and you in reading to receiue it , Amen . Since the time that I receiued Master S. letter , wherin he declared his carefull compassion ouer your estate : I haue been not a little grieued , because , partly for want of a conuenient messenger , and partly because of my manifolde distractions , with the like occurrences , and other weightie affaires , I haue bene hindered from writing hitherto vnto you . And albeit euen still I am in the same case ; yet conscience towards God , and compassion , and loue towards you forceth me to ouercome lets , which hardly I could otherwaies preuaile against . And albeit I cannot write as I would , yet of that which I shall write , proceeding from the forenamed grounds , I looke for some blessing from God through Iesus Christ , if you will not too much faint in faith , and yeeld to the aduersarie : yea , if you will but hope so well of yourselfe , as ( in the feare of God I write it ) I hope of you . First , whereas it seemeth you are sometimes grieued , because you taryed not still at Cambridge , according to my aduice : you must know that I aduised it not as a thing necessary , but more conuenient ( as I then supposed : ) but yet that I aduised you to obey your father , if his pleasure still continued to haue you home : whereunto you yeelding , I cannot see how you offended : it being your fathers pleasure you should so doe . And who knowes whether being heere , you might not haue bene as much troubled , there being no priuiledge for persons and places , in such cases ? And who knowes whether it be the Lords pleasure , for the ensample and instruction , and I hope the consolation of others in the end ? And albeit you wil now thinke , that here you were neerer the more and stronger meanes : yet know you and hee perswaded , that GOD can , and doth in such cases worke by fewer and weaker , according to his good pleasure . Besides , it is in our corrupted nature , to make much of such meanes as we cannot haue , and not so to esteeme those which God doth offer vs , as we should . I beseech you therefore in the Name of Iesus Christ , humblie to praise God for those meanes which hee offereth in mercie vnto you , and to vse them in faith accordingly : and so God shall blesse you by them ; and then by such conference as you may haue from hence by letters . Wherein if I may stand you in any stead ( rather for the good opinion you haue of me , then for any great matter I am able to performe ) I shall be readie to offer any office of loue vnto you , as God shall enable mee , and so farre foorth as I shall be instructed in your particular estate , by some letters sent from you by conuenient messengers . That which I presently perceiue by M. S. letters , is , that you are afflicted with the blindnes of your minde , and hardnes of your heart , which cannot be moued either with the promises of God his mercies , or feare of his iudgements ; nor affected with loue and delight of the things which bee good , or with hatred and lothing of the euill . Great cause you haue of griefe I confesse ; but no cause of dispaire dare I graunt , because I am perswaded , that your perswasion is somewhat false , partly for want of a sound iudgement of your estate , and partly for some defect of faith , somwhat through your owne default . First therefore know you for a certaintie , that this is no other temptation , than such as diuers of Gods children haue for a time bin humbled with , & afterwards haue had good issue out of . And if it please God to moue you to credit me , I myselfe haue knowne others as deeply this way plunged , as you can be . Remember therefore that God is faithfull , and will not suffer you to be tempted aboue that which you shall be able to beare , &c. 1. Cor. 10. 13. And yet further to confirme you herein , the holy Scriptures doe record that this way God heretofore hath humbled his owne people : In whose person the Prophet Esay lamentably thus complained , chap. 63. vers . 15. O Lord looke downe from heauen , and behol● from the dwelling place of thy holines , and of thy glorie . Where is thy zeale , and thy strength , the multitude of thy mercies , and of thy compassions ▪ they are restrained from me . And afterwards : O Lord , why hast thou made vs to erre from thy waies , and hardened our heart from thy feare ? And in the next chapter , vers . 6. We haue beene all as an vncleane thing , and all our righteousnes is as filthie cloutes , and we all doe fade like a leafe , and our iniquitie like the winde doth take vs away ; and there is none that calleth vpon thy name , neither that stirreth vp himselfe to take hold of thee : for thou hast hid thy face from vs , and hast consumed vs , because of our iniquities . And afore in the 59. chapter , vers . 10. We grope for the wall like the blinde , and we grope as one without eyes : we stumble at the noone day as in the twilight : we are in solitarie places like dead men : we roare like beares and mourne like doues . So complaines Ezechias in the bitternes of his soule : Esay . 38 14 Like a cr●ne or a swallow , so did I chatter : I did mourne as a doue . And Psal. 51. 10. &c. when Dauid crieth , Create in me , O God , a cleane heart , renue in me a right spirit , restore to me the ioy of thy saluation , establish me with thy free spirit : doth he not declare , that his heart was vncleane , his spirit crooked , the ioy of his saluation lost , and himselfe subiect to the spirit of bondage ; so that wanting the spirit of libertie , or adoption , he could neither crie Abba father , nor ●●ue any power against sinne ? Thus you see how God his children may be blinded in minde , and hardened in hart for a time , so that they feele in themselues the graces of the holy spirit to be as it were perished and dead . Further , to relieue the infirmitie of your iudgement in this point ( because I know it may much distresse you ) you must vnderstand that there be two kindes of hardnes of heart : the one , which is not felt nor perceiued : the other , which is perceiued and felt : and of the former , that there be two sorts : the first , which is most fearefull , when any doe purposely resist the motions of God his spirit , and wilfully refuse the meanes of their saluation . Of the which the Prophet Zacharie speaketh , chap. 7. vers . 11 &c. They refused to hearken , and pulled away the shoulder , and stopped their eares that they should not heare : yea they made their heart as an Adamant stone , least they should heare the Law and the words which the Lord of hostes sent in his spirit by the ministerie of the former Prophets . The outragious sinne of these men , the Prophet Esay expresseth in these their owne fearefull tearmes , chap. 28. 15. We haue made a couenant with death , and with hell are we at agreement : though a scourge runne ouer , and passe through , it shall not come at vs : for we haue made falsehood our refuge , and vnder vanitie are we hid . This was a fearefull estate indeede : yet for all that , no man can say , but some of those hauing so hardened their hearts , might be , and were afterwards conuerted . The other kinde of hardnes of heart , which is not felt nor perceiued , or if perceiued , yet not felt ( which albeit it is lesse fearefull , yet it is dangerous enough ) is in such , as , although they wilfully resist not God his spirit in good means , yet securely , carelesly & willingly they lie in sinne without any remorse of it , or true taste of good things . Such was Dauids state , by the space of a yeere , before Nathan the Prophet came to proue him , and rouse him from his lulled sleepe . Both these kindes I am perswaded you are free from , otherwaies than in temptation Sathan may sometimes moue you thereunto . The other kinde and hardnes of heart , which is perceiued and felt , is of two sorts ; the one in them which are desirous of meanes whereby they may be relieued , although they do finde small or no ease in themselues for a time . Of this kinde the Prophet Esay , in the name of some of God his people complained , Esay . 63. 15. And such was Dauids state after that Nathan had reprooued him , and God his spirit began ●● worke with him : yet crieth he out ( as you heard before ) of the losse of God his graces : and when he saith that God will accept of no sacrifices , be they neuer so many or pretious , without a contrite heart and broken spirit ; he sheweth that for a time ( euen after the Prophet had reproued him ) he wanted both . This is your case , and therefore you are in the state of saluation : for Dauid was in this case , euen after he had confessed his sinne , and had receiued absolution & pardon from God , by the ministerie of Nathan , although he neither felt ioy thereof , nor true griefe for the other : yet because in truth of heart he confessed his sinne ( as my trust is you doe ) and was certainely perswaded of the pardonablenes : of it by God his mercie , as you must be if you will haue mercie ( although he was far off from feeling it , or applying it to his wofull conscience ) his state was good and very well to bee hoped of . And you must knowe and bee perswaded ; that those things which are written of God his Saints ; and namely of Dauid , and Peter , and such others , are ensamples for vs , if wee will stay our selues vpon the word of God in the ministerie of his seruants ; and waite vpon the Lords good time , vntill he come neerer vnto vs by his spirite : neerer , I say , for he is come already vnto you ( or it may be he neuer went from you ) because to be grieued and humbled with blindnes of minde and hardnes of heart , to belieue certainely the truth of God his promises in generall , and to reuerence the seruants of God , which bring the glad tidings of saluation , and to long after comfort , vsing the meanes of the Word and Prayer , the Sacrament of the Supper , and the company of God his children , contrarie to hope vnder hope , yea , without any present feeling ; all this is a certaine argument that God his spirit is with such , and therefore with you . This estate though it may be very grieuous , yet it is neuer dangerous , much lesse is it fearfull , vnlesse any be so wilfull that they doe perseuere and continue in desperate refusing all good meanes : vnlesse they perseuere , I say , for that through the subtill sleight of the spirituall aduersarie , and his forcible power , whereby God suffereth him sometimes for a season to winnowe them as Wheate , they are so bewitched and intoxicated , that they are carried by violent force of temptation to waxe wearie of , or to refuse all meanes of comfort by fits : yea almost to haue no desire at all vnto them : yea sometimes , euen to speake euill of them . But all this is but in temptation , and therefore God will be mercifull vnto them for Christ his sake . Thus Iob cursed the day of his birth , and wished to be strangled : Ieremie also repented that euer he preached in the Name of the Lord : both scarcely abstained from blasphemy . Dauid moued with the spirit of ambition , thogh dutifully admonished , wilfully went on in numbring the people . Peter also vaingloriously presuming of his owne strength , being most wisely and effectually premonished of his weaknes euen by our Lord Iesus , yet wittingly rusheth , as an horse into the battell , and then very cowardly yeeldeth , yea , doubly denieth , yea , strengtheneth his sinne , with a threefold corde , and fasteneth it with banning and cursing . And yet all these obtained mercie most bountifully . For why ? as Sat●ā had desired to winnow them ; so our Lord IESVS CHRIST prayed for them , that their Faith thogh it were vehemētly assaulted , yet should not be ouercome , although it was battered , yet that it should not be destroyed , and though it were sore oppressed , that it should not be extinguished . And heere be you fully perswaded , that though ( Luk. 22. 32. ) the words seeme to runne as belonging but to Peter , ( viz. I haue prayed for thee , that thy Faith should not faile ) yet that hee prayed as well for the rest of the Apostles , yea , for all the faithfull . For first he saith not , Simon , Sathan hath desired to winnow thee , but you . Why then ( saith he ) I haue prayed for thee ? Verily , because he should more grieuously offend then the rest ( although their offence was very great ) therefore his and our most blessed Sauiour applyed to him the promise , but did not impropriate it to him onely , and restraine it from the rest . Compare with this place , Ioh. 17. 20. and you shall see that the heauenly veritie affirmeth , that he prayed not only for the Apostles , but for all those which should belieue through their word . Yea further , our Lord Iesus Christ was yesterday ; is to day , and shall be for euer . And as the fore-fathers were baptized into him , and did eate his Flesh and drinke his bloud , so was his prayer effectuall euen vnto them vnder the law , much more vnto vs vnder grace . And whē you can finde testimony of your heart , that when you would doe well , euill is present with you , and that when you do the euill you would not , then do you not it , but sinne in you , when it leadeth you captiue , Rom. 7. much more then whē Sathan worketh withall , buffeting you , assure your selfe that God hath pitie on you , that the vertue of his power shal be perfect in your weaknes , 2. Cor. 12. 9. If you belieue , according to your faith it shall be done vnto you . But you will say , you cannot belieue that this vile and crooked hardnes of your heart , can bee remitted and renewed : and euen this was the second point , which in the former part of my letter I gaue you to vnderstand , was the cause of your excessiue distresse . I beseech you , and I charge you in the name of our Lord Iesus Christ , that you will not willingly lie , nor offer iniurie to God his spirit , nor to your selfe who haue receiued it : tell me , what is the reason why you think you haue no faith ? Verily because you haue no feeling , nor no other fruites thereof , as you thinke . Well , first then agree with me herein ( as you must , if you will not disagree with the truth ) that feeling is but an effect , and a fruite of faith . And therefore there may be faith without feeling , as well as the cause may be without the effect , and the tree without any appearance of fruite , yea of sappe for a season . And as a man sore wounded , or diseased ; may for a season be depriued , almost of all operations of the naturall life to the outward shew , and his owne iudgement and feeling : so may a spirituall man be so sore wounded by Sathan , and diseased by present sight and feeling of his sinfull corruptions , specially in temptation , that he may thinke , yea and may appeare to others , that the life of the spirit is not in him . Thus Peters faith did not wholy faile ( as you haue heard ) or else the prayer of our Sauiour preuailed not . Thus when Dauid , Psal. 51. 12. declared that his heart was vncleane , and his spirit crooked or vnstable , and vers . 14. that he had lost the ioy of his saluation , and the spirit of libertie or adoption : yet vers . 13. he prayeth that God would not take his holy spirit from him , therefore hee was not depriued of the spirit of sanctification . Here seemeth repugnance , but there is none . He was depriued for a season of the graces of the fanctifying spirit ; but none of the holy Ghost wherewith he was sanctified Which graces as God restored vnto him : so I am perswaded he will vnto you : yea I doubt whether you are depriued of them , but onely , that partly melancholy , and partly Satan worketh therewith , make you doe iniurie to your selfe , and to the graces of the spirit in you , which I beseech you take heede of . But the messenger cannot stay ; and therefore I cannot write as I would either of this , or of the remedies you should vse , which hereafter I will , as God shall inable me . And I pray you let me vnderstand ( as I requested in the beginning ) of your estate iu particular somewhat more : and that by this bearer if you can , because hee is of your acquaintance , and will bring it vnto me faithfully . Onely I adde now , vnto that I haue written of hardnes of heart at large , that you must diligently obserue the word , Create , which Dauid vseth Psal. 51. declaring how hee had no feeling of his heart . To this ioyne that which the Prophet Esay speaketh in the person of God , chap. 57. 23. I create the fruite of the lips to be peace , peace as well to him that is fare off , as to him that is neere . Therefore in faith you may as well pray with hope to obtaine , as did Dauid Therefore say with him often , and with God his people , Esay 64 12. O Lord thou art our father : we indeede are clay but thou art our maker , and we are the worke of thy hand . &c. Know you that God can cause Wolues , Lions , Leopards , &c. dwell louingly with Lambes , Calues , Kine , Esay 11. 6. &c , and that which is vnpossible vnto men , is possible vnto God ; euen to cause a cable rope to goe through a needles eye ; that is , to change the hard heart of the vnbeleeuing couetous wretched man ; much more yours . Yea knowe you that all things are possible to him that beleeueth : crie then , I beleeue , O Lord helpe my vnbeleefe . And I dare promise you in the name of our Lord Iesus Christ , that you shal haue your harts desire in goodnes . Thus abruptly I must make an end . I commend you vnto God , and the word of his grace , which is able to build you vp , and giue you the right of inheritance among them which are sanctified . And the very God of peace sanctifie you throughout , that your whole spirit , and soule , and body may be kept blamelesse vntill the comming of our Lord Iesus Christ : faithfull is he which hath called you , which will doe it . Amen . I pray you pray for me ; and I trust , as I haue , so I shall pray for you , and much more . Yours in Iesus Christ to vse in any neede . A LETTER CONSOLATORIE TO Mistris Mary Whitehead . THe Lord Iesus Christ by whose blood you are iustified , stay and strengthen you now and for euer , Amen . Seeing we be so miserable , blessed bee God that wee bee also mortall : seeing wee be subiect to sinne , praised bee God that wee are also subiect to corruption . It would now grieue vs to bee mortall , because wee sinne , and by sinne purchase miserie : it is sufficient that we shall then neuer die , when we shall neuer sinne , and then wee shall no more taste of corruption , when wee shall no more so much as feare condemnation . In regard whereof ( good Mistris ) looke not so much to your griefe for the death of your sonne ( which you see to be the cōmon lot of al , and the happie lot of the godly ) as vpon his freedome from misery , his libertie from sinne , and his holy change to eternall felicitie . And albeit he was young in yeares , yet was hee come to sufficient yeares to goe to God , that hee that hitherto did grow in Christ , should now bee gathered and reaped vp to the kingdome of Christ : so that we cannot thinke him to die in his flowers , whose perfection groweth to so blessed a maturitie before the Lord. If then you reioyced in him as he was the interest of the Lord : you are not much to sorrow , that the Lord hath his right . Which ( if your loue to him was right ) you know did euer appertaine vnto him . Hee must not of you his earthly parents be deemed to be lost , which of his heauenly father is so surely preserued . And without all question his very growing in godlines , vnder so manifold afflictions in this life , could not haue been so profitable to him , and comfortable vnto you ; as the losse of a few and faint pleasures , recompenced with so infinite and vnspeakable ioyes in the life to come , are I hope , and must be vnto you . Be not then so grieued for that you haue lost that which Christ hath found : but bee thankfull if by hope you can reioyce that Christ hath found that which you haue lost . Whose losse of yours , and gaine of Christs , as it was by the will of God , you must yeeld to of necessitie : as it was the wisedome of God , and mercie of God , so to haue it , you must resigne him willingly . The Lord God who gaue your sonne as a pledge of his goodnes , and who hath receiued your son as a pledge of your obedience , so ouer reach your griese of nature , by hope aboue nature , that you may fulfill that remnant of repentance which yet is lent you to the great praise of his holy name and endles peace of your own soule for his Christs sake . Amen . Maister Greenhams care for the poore Schollers of Cambridge . RIght Honourable , although it bee a thing well knowne vnto many , and specially to your Lordshippe , that the number of students in the Vniuersitie of Cambridge is greater of late yeeres than hath beene heretofore ; yet it may bee many haue not heard , neither hath your Honour vnderstood , how many of good hope for want of sufficient reliefe haue beene , and are forced , or tempted to forsake the Vniuersitie . Of the which number some haue entered into the Ministerie both vnseasonably and hurtfully , some taken vpon them to be pettie scholemaisters vnprofitably , some fallen to be seruingmen or to some other meane trades of life inconueniētly , some haue crept into popish gentlemens houses at home , or flying ouer sea haue proued traiterous and vnnaturall Iesuites or Seminarie Priests . Besides that which is as true as ruefull , some straining themselues for loue of learning to liue in the Vniuersitie , for want of necessaries haue either pined away there , or shortly after they haue departed from thence ; or else haue liued there much discouraged to their farre lesse profit in learning . Which sore as I haue seene of some to be espyed , of some to be pitied , euen with desire of redresse ; yet haue I not seene any sufficient care taken to salue and recouer the same . True it is , that diuers men of diuers degrees , as in the citie and elsewhere , haue somewhat largely yeelded their helping hand hereunto : but by reason of the multitude of the needie , and for that by want , either of the wise care in the choise , or of a continued ouersight of such as were chosen , diuers abuses haue growen in the receiuers , the hearts and the hands of the giuers hauing beene much streightned . These things often weighed wrought much compassiō in me , so that I haue indeuored , according to my power and place , a good while to procure some exhibition from diuers , for poore learned , and godly students in the same Vniuersitie : whereunto I was and am induced , the rather by a speciall charge of caring for the poore laide vpon me ( by a speciall occasion ) at the time of mine ordination into the Ministerie ; which I willingly went vnder , because the holy Apostles Paul and B●rnabas did the same before me . Whose wise and worthie dispensation about the Church almes , often admonishing me of no lesse wisedome and discretion , than of dutie & conscience to be vsed in this behalfe . And foreseeing some offensiue inconueniences of the sole dealing of one man in so great a cause ; I haue long thought of some men , most meete in many respects to ioyne with me herein . And to this end of late I resolued of Maister Whittakers and Master Chaderton ; who , after diuers intreaties and perswasions , haue yeelded the right hand of fellowship both carefully and faithfully to labour with me in this matter . The reason , why I rested rather on them than others , was , because as by their place and residence in the Vniuersitie , so by long obseruation I haue iudged them most meete , not onely in regarde of their promise to take paines , but also for their faithfulnes and fitnes to doe good in it , being men well knowne vnto many Honourable , worshipfull , rich and mercifull persons . And for testimonie of our more faithful seruice herein , I , in their names , do promise to your Honor our speciall care and conscience of imploying that beneuolence , without respect of persons , vpon those schollers only , that either are learned or towardly in learning , and the same being religious , honest , poore , and making conscience of the right and reuerent vse of their almes ; and that so long as they continue to be such . Further we shall be readie each other yeere , or oftner , if your Honourable wisdome shal thinke good , to make our accounts to Maister Nowell Deane of Paules , Maister Osburne of the Exchequer , Maister Doctor Hammond , Maister Vincent Skinner , or some two of these , or any other , whom your Lordship shall thinke meete herein . Now that with some good authoritie and greater hope of successe this matter might bee performed , I come first and principally to your Honour an humble petitioner , that you would vouchsafe by your Honorable word and hand , to commend and authorize vs as meete men to be imployed in this worke ; and then , if so it seeme good to your Lordship , I will repaire in the same suite for like fauour to Sir Frauncis Walsingham , Maister Secretary Dauison , Sir Walter Mildmay , or others of your most Honourable societie , whom your wisedome shall aduise me vnto . In that I haue beene so bold to mention my selfe in this action , I humbly craue your Honours fauourable construction towards me , who , hauing receiued great mercies of the Lord from the Vniuersitie , think my selfe much more indebted to seeke the good therof , especially after so long waiting for others to doe it ; and so now , if any will doe it without me , or any other meanes more fit than this may be vsed , I most heartily wish the same . Thus I commend my selfe and the whole cause to your Honours wise and mercifull consideration , as desirous of the most fruitfull successe hereof , and humbled in mine own vnabilitie to further it . FINIS . A LETTER AGAINST HARDNES OF HEART . I Beseech GOD , the Father of IESVS CHRIST , to giue mee his good spirit ; in writing to giue aduice , and you in reading to receiue it , Amen . Since the time that I receiued M. S. Letter , wherein he declared his carefull compassion ouer your estate : I haue beene not a little grieued , because partly for want of a conuenient messenger , and partly because of my manifolde distractions with the like occurrences , and other waightie affaires , I haue beene hindred from writing hitherto vnto you . And albeit euen still I bee in the same case , yet conscience towards GOD , and loue and compassion towards you , forceth mee to ouercome lets , which hardly I could otherwayes preuaile against . And albeit I cannot speake as I would , yet of that which I shall write ( proceeding from the forenamed grounds ) I looke for some blessing of God through Iesus Christ , if you wil not too much faint in faith , and yeeld to the aduersarie : yea if you will but hope so well of your selfe as ( in the feare of God I write it ) I hope of you . First , whereas it seemeth you are sometimes grieued , because you taried not stil at Cambridge according to mine aduise , you must know I aduised it not as a thing necessarie , but more conuenient , as I then supposed , but I aduised you to obey your father , if his pleasure still continued to haue you home : whereunto you yeelded , I cannot see how you offend , it being your fathers pleasure you should so doe . And who knoweth whether being there you might not haue beene as much troubled , there being no priuiledge for persons and places in such cases ? And who knoweth whether it bee the Lords pleasure , for the example and instruction ( and I hope the consolation ) of others in the end ? And albeit you will now thinke that here you were neerer the moe and stronger meanes , yet knowe you and bee perswaded , that God can and doth in such cases worke by fewer and weaker , according to his good pleasure . Besides , it is in our corrupt nature to make much of such as we cannot haue , and not so to esteeme those which God doth offer vs , as we should . I beseech you therefore in the name of Iesus Christ , humbly to praise God for those meanes he offereth in mercie vnto you , & to vse them in faith accordingly ; and so God shall blesse you by them . And then by such conference as you may haue from hence by letters , wherein if I may stand you in any stead , rather for the good opinion you haue of mee , than for any great matter I am able to performe , I shall be readie to offer any office of loue vnto you , as God shall enable mee ; and so farre forth as I shall bee at any time instructed in your particular estate in some letters sent from you by conuenient messengers . That which I perceieue presently by M. S. Letter is , that you are afflicted with the blindnesse of your minde , and hardnes of your heart , which cannot bee moued either with the promises of Gods mercies , or feare of his iudgements ; nor affected with the loue and delight of the things which bee good , nor with the hatred and loathing of the euill . Great cause you haue of griefe I confesse ; but no cause of despaire dare I graunt : because I am perswaded that your perswasion is somewhat false ; partly for want of a sound iudgement of your estate , and partly for some defect of faith , somewhat through your owne default ▪ First , therefore knowe you for a certaintie that this is no other tentation than such as diuers of Gods children haue beene humbled with , and afterward haue had a good issue out of it : and if it please God to mooue you to credit me , I my selfe haue knowne others , as deepely this way plunged as you can be . Remember therefore , that God is faithfull , and will not suffer you to be tempted aboue that which you shall be able to beare . And yet further to confirme you herein , the holie Scriptures doe record , that this way God heretofore hath humbled his owne people : in whose person the Prophet Esay lamentably complaineth : O Lord , looke downe from heauen , behold from the dwelling place of thy holinesse , and of the glorie . Where is thy zeale and thy strength , the multitude of thy mercies , and of thy compassions ? They are restrained from mee . And afterwards : O Lord , why hast thou made vs to erre from thy wayes , and hardened our hearts from thy feare ? And in the next Chapter , verse 6. Wee haue beene all as an vncleane thing , and all our righteousnesse is as filthie clouts : and we all doe fade as a leafe , and our iniquities as the winde doe take vs away : and there is none that calleth vpon thy name , neither that stirreth vp himselfe to take hold on thee : for thou hast hid thy face from vs , and hast consumed vs , because of our iniquities . And before : Wee grope for the wall like the blinde , and we grope as one without eyes , we roare like Beares , and mourne like Doues . So complaineth Ezechias in the bitternes of his soule . Like a Crane or a Swallow so did I chatter . I did mourne as a Doue . And when Dauid crieth : Create in m●e , O God , a cleane heart , renue in me a right spirit : Restore to me the ioy of thy saluation , establish mee with thy free spirit : Doth he not declare that his heart was vncleane , his spirite crooked , the ioy of his saluation lost , and himselfe subiect to the spirit of bondage ? So that wanting the spirit of libertie or adoption , hee could neither crie Abba Father , nor haue any power against sinne ? Thus you see how Gods children may be blinded in minde , and hardened in heart for a time , so that they feele in themselues the grace of the holie Spirit , to bee as it were perished and dead . Further , to relieue the infirmitie of your iudgement in this case ( because I know it may much distresse you ) you must vnderstand that there be two kinds of hardnes of heart : the one , which is not felt nor perceiued ; the other , perceiued and felt : and of the former , that there be two sorts , the first ( which is most fearfull ) when anie doe purposely resist the motions of Gods spirit , and wilfully refuse the meanes of their saluation ; of which the Prophet Zacharie speaketh , 7. 11. They refused to hearken , and pulled away their shoulder , and stopped their eares , that they should not heare : yea , they made their hearts as an Adamant stone , least they should heare the Lawe , and the words which the Lord of Hostes sent in his spirit , by the ministerie of the former Prophets . The outragious sinne of these men , the Prophet Esay expresseth in these their owne fearefull tearmes : Wee haue made a couenant with Death , and with Hell wee are at agreement : though a scourge runne ouer and passe through , it shall not come at vs : for we haue made falshood our refuge , and vnder vanitie are we hidden . This was a fearfull estate indeed , yet for all that no man can say , but some of these hauing hardened their hearts , might bee , and were afterward conuerted . The other kinde of hardnes of heart , which is not felt , nor perceiued , * or if perceiued , yet not felt ; ( which albeit it is lesse fearfull , yet it is dāgerous enough ) is in such , as although they wilfullie resist not Gods spirite in good meanes ; yet securely , carelesly , and willinglie they lie in sinne without any remorse of it , or true taste of good things . Such was Dauid his estate for the space of a yeare before Nathan the Prophet came to reprooue him , and rouze him from his lulled sleepe . Both these kindes I am perswaded you are free from ; otherwise then in temptations Sathan may somtimes moue you thereunto . The other kind of hardnes of heart which is perceiued and felt , is of two sorts ; the one in them which are desirous of meanes , whereby they may be relieued , although they doe finde small or no ease at all in themselues for a time . Of this kinde the Prophet Esay ( in the name of some of Gods people ) complained . And such was Dauids state . After that Nathan had reproued him , and Gods spirit beganne to worke with him , yet hee crieth out ( as yee heard before ) of the losse of Gods graces : and when hee saith , that God will accept of no Sacrifices , bee they neuer so manie , nor precious without a contrite heart and broken spirit ; he sheweth , that for a time ( euen after the Prophet had reproued him ) hee wanted both . This is your case , and therefore you a in the state of saluation . For Dauid was in this case , euen after he had confessed his sin , and had receiued absolution and pardon from God , by the ministerie of Nathan ; although he neuer felt ioy thereof , nor true griefe for the other : yet because in trueth of heart he confessed his sinne ( as my trust is you doe ) and was certainely perswaded of the pardonablenes of it by Gods mercy , ( although he was farre off from the feeling of it , or applying it to his wofull conscience ) his state was good and very well to be hoped of . And you must know to be perswaded , that those things which are written of Gods Saints , and namely of Dauid and Peter , and such others , are examples for vs , if we will stay our selues vpon the word of God in the ministerie of his seruants , and waite vpon the Lords good time , till he come neerer vnto vs by his spirit : neerer I say , for he is come alreadie vnto you ; or it may be he neuer went from you : because to be grieued and humbled with blindnesse of minde and hardnesse of heart , to beleeue certainely the truth of Gods promises in generall , and to reuerence the seruants of God which bring the glad tidings of saluation , and to long after the comforts , vsing the meanes of the word and prayer , the Sacraments of the Supper , and the company of Gods children , contrarie to hope , vnder hope , yea without any present feeling : all this is a certaine argument , that Gods spirit is with such , and therefore with you . This estate although it be very grieuous , yet it is neuer dangerous , much lesse is it fearefull : vnlesse any be so wilfull , that they perseuere and continue desperate refusing all good meanes : vnlesse they perseuere I say , for that through the spirituall aduersarie , and his forcible power , whereby God suffereth him sometime for a season to winnow them as wheate , they are so bewitched and intoxicated , that they are carried by violent force of temptation , to waxe wearie of , or to refuse all meanes of comfort by fits : yea , almost to haue no desire at all vnto them , yea sometimes to speake very euill of them : but all this is but temptation , and therefore God will be mercifull vnto them , for Christs sake . Thus Iob cursed the day of his birth , and wished to be strangled , Ieremie almost repented that euer he preached in the name of the Lord : both scarcely abstaine from blasphemie . Dauid mooued with the spirit of ambition ( though dutifull admonished ) wilfully went on in numbring the people . Peter also vaingloriously presuming of his owne strength , being most wisely and effectually preadmonished of his weakenes euen by our Lord Iesus , yet wittingly rushing as a horse into the battaile , euen then very cowardly yeeldeth , yea doubly denieth , yea strengtheneth his sinne with a threefold cord , and fasteneth it with bannings and cursings : and yet for all these he obtained mercie most bountifully . For why ? as Sathan had desired to winnow them , so our Lord Iesus prayed for them , that their faith , though it was vehemently assaulted , yet should not be ouercome ; although it was bartered , yet that it should not be destroyed ; and though it was oppressed , yet that it should not be extinguished . And here be you fully perswaded , that albeit Luke 22. 31. the words seeme to runne as belonging but to Peter ▪ viz. I haue praied for thee that thy faith should not faile ; yet he prayed for the rest of the Apostles , yea , for all the faithfull . For first he saith not ; Simon , Satan hath desired to winnow thee , but you : Why then saith he , I haue praied for thee ? Verily because he should more grieuously offend than the rest ( although their offence was very great ) therefore his & our most blessed Sauiour applied to him the promise , but did not appropriate it vnto him onely , and restraine it from the rest . Compare with this place , Iohn . 17. 20. and you shall see that the heauenly veritie affirmeth , that he prayed not onely for the Apostles , but for all those that should beleeue through their word : yea further , Our Lord Iesus Christ was yesterday , is to day , and shall be for euer . And as the forefathers were baptized into him , & did eate his flesh , and did drinke his blood ; so was his prayer effectuall euen to them vnder the law , much more to vs vnder grace . And when you can finde testimonie in your heart , that when you would doe well , euill is present with you , and that you doe the euill you would not ; then do not you it , but sinne in you , when it leadeth you captiue : much more when Sathan workes withall buffetting you , assure your selfe that God hath pitie on you , that the vertue of his power shall be perfect in your weakenes . If you beleeue , according to your faith it shal be done vnto you . But you will say , you cannot beleeue that this vile & crocked hardnes of your heart can be remitted and renewed : and euen this was the second point which in the former part of my letter I gaue you to vnderstand was the cause of your excessiue distresse . I beseech you , & I charge you in the name of our Lord Iesus Christ , that you will not willingly lie nor offer iniurie to Gods spirit , or to your selfe who hath receiued it . Tell mee , what is the reason why you thinke you haue no faith ? Verely because you haue no feeling , nor any other fruites thereof , as you thinke . Well , first then agree with me herein ( as you must , if you will not disagree with the truth ) that feeling is but an effect and fruit of faith ; and therefore there may be faith without feeling , as well as the cause may bee without the effect , and the tree without any appearance of fruite , yea of sappe for a season . And as a man sore wounded and diseased may for a season be depriued almost of all operations of the naturall life to the outward shew , and to his owne iudgement and feeling : so may a spirituall man bee sore wounded by Satan , and diseased by the present feeling of his sinfull corruptions , specially in temptations ; that he may thinke , yea appeare to others , that the life of the spirit is not in him . Thus Peters faith did not wholy faile ( as you haue heard ) or else the prayer of our Sauiour preuailed not . Thus when Dauid declared that his heart was vncleane , or his spirit crooked or vnstable , and that he had lost the ioy of his saluation , and the spirit of libertie or adoption , yet hee prayeth , that God would not take his holy spirit from him : therefore he was not depriued of the spirit of sanctification . Here seemeth to be repugnance , but there is not any : hee was depriued indeede for a time of the graces of the sanctifying spirit , but not of the holy Ghost wherwith he was sanctified : which graces , as God restored vnto him , so I am perswaded he will doe vnto you . Yea , and I doubt whether you are depriued of them ; but onely that partly Melancholie , partly Satan working therewith , make you doe iniurie to your selfe , and to the graces of the spirt , in you : which I beseech you to take heede of . But the messenger cannot stay , and therefore I cannot write as I would , either of this , or of the remedie which you should vse ; which hereafter I will , as God shall enable me : and I pray you let me vnderstand ( as I requested in the beginning ) of your estate in particular somewhat more , and that by this bearer if you can , because he is of your acquaintance , and will bring it to me faithfully . Onely I adde now vnto that I haue written of hardnesse of heart at large , that you must diligently obserue the word Create , which Dauid vseth , declaring that he had no feeling of hart . To this ioyne that which the Prophet Esay speaketh in the person of God : I create the fruite of the lips to be peace , peace as well to him that is farre off , as to him that is neere . Therefore in faith you may as well pray , with hope to obtaine , as did Dauid : therefore say with him often , and with Gods people ; O Lord , thou art our Father , we indeede are clay , but thou art our maker , and wee are the worke of thy hands , &c. Know also , God can cause Wolues , Lyons , Leopards , &c. to dwell louingly with Lambes , Calues , and Kids , &c. and that which is vnpossible to men is possible with God , euen to cause a cable rope to goe through a needles eye ; that is , to change the hard heart of the vnbeleeuing couetous wretched man , much more yours : yea , know you that all things are possible to him which beleeueth . Crie then , I beleeue , O Lord helpe mine vnbeleefe , and I dare promise you in the name of our Lord Iesus Christ , that you shal haue your hearts desire in goodnes . Thus abruptly I must ende , I commend you to God and the word of his grace , which is able to build you vp , and giue you the right of inheritance among them that are sanctified . And the very God of peace sanctifie you throughout , that your whole spirit and soule and body may bee kept blamelesse vntill the comming of our Lord Iesus Christ. Faithfull is he which hath called you , which will doe it . Amen . I pray you pray for me , and I trust as I haue , so shall I pray for you , and much more . Yours in Christ Iesus , to vse in any neede , R. GREENHAM . ANOTHER COMFORTABLE LETTER BY MASTER R. G. TO MASTER M. BRother , beloued in our LORD IESVS CHRIST , seeing you haue had heretofore not onely Knowledge , but also experience of Gods gracious and mercifull goodnesse in Iesus Christ , of your owne vnbeliefe , and of Sathans subtlenesse ; I could maruell why you should giue such place , and not keepe your ground no surer , if I were not much acquainted with such occurrences . I knowe not therefore whether with wordes of rebuke , or of comfort , I should seeke to relieue you . Because I cannot come vnto you , my counsell and desire is , that you would come vp to London the next Terme at the farthest ; that so I might aske of God to frame my speech to your good . In the meane season ( I beseech you ) to call vnto minde that which you cannot bee ignorant of ; that in the Lawe Sacrifices were offered for Gods people , not onely at their first entrance into couenant with the Lord , but also afterwards many times : and that not onely for sinnes committed by ignorance , but also by error , that is , Forgetfulnes , Frailenes , Retchlesnes , Carelesnes , &c. If you haue not Tremelius his Translation by you , you must take heed of the English that hath ignorance : for they failed that so translated it . It is manifest , that the sinne of error is there opposed against the sinne committed with an high hand , that is , a blasphemie with contempt of God : and making his Law of no effect , but to be in vaine . Which sinne I am sure you are most farre off from ; I would you were as farre off from vnbeliefe and distrust . That Gods children may fall after their calling , into diuers foule faults , may appeare by many proofes . First , in the Law , when the Lord speaketh in his Maiestie , and proclaimeth his glorie , yet in how manie wordes commendeth he his mercy , and for how many seuerall sorts of sinnes ? Doth not Esay the holy Prophet call the people of his dayes , the people of Gomorrah ; and their Princes the Princes of Sodome ? Doth not hee accuse them as grieuous transgressours , both of the first and second Table ? and yet doth afterwards promise them , that though their sinnes were as crimson , they shall be as white as snow : though they were red like skarlet they should be as wooll . Doth he not charge them that they were sunke deepe in rebellon , and yet exhorteth them to returne vnto the Lord ? Yea , doth he not charge them not onely with rebellion , but also with vexing the holy Spirit of God ? And yet reade what is written , Pray , as there you may learne of Esay , chap. 63. vers . 7. 15. 16. What ? doth not the holy Prophet Ieremie shew , that Ephraim was as an vntamed calfe ? &c. yet so soone as he mourned , and was ashamed of himselfe , doth not the Lord shew that his bowels of mercy were troubled for his estate ? Doth nor the Lord offer mercy vnto the prophane and forgetfull transgressours of his holie couenant ? Is not this part of the couenant made with all the sonnes of Dauid in Christ Iesus , that if they not only omitting many good things , but also committing rebellions & iniquities , that though he may visite them , yet it shall be with the rod of his children , and that his mercy he will not take from them , nor breake off his couenant made with them in Iesus Christ ? Therefore remember that the holy promises , threatnings , precepts , & examples are written , that we should not sinne : but , If any man sinne , wee haue an Aduocate with the Father , Iesus Christ the iust , and hee is ●he reconciliation of our sinnes , and not for our sinnes onely , but for the sinnes of the whole world . Doth not the blessed Apostle Paul charge the Corinthians ( whom hee affirmeth to be rich in Christ , and destitute of no spirituall gift ) to bee more carnall than spiriuall , yea babes in Christ , yea to be fallen into idolatrie , committing of euill things , fornication , tempting not onely of God but of Christ , yea murmuring against them : yet doth he not herein comfort them , that no temptation hath taken hold on them , but such as appertaineth to man , and that God will be mercifull vnto ; Dauid prayeth against presumptuous sinnes , that they should not reigne ouer him : signifying , though hee sinned presumptuously , yet if hee did not perseuer in presumption obstinately , without desire to repent , that such sinne or sinnes were pardonable . Now the Lords couenant towards his in Iesus Christ , is not to deale after their sinnes , nor to reward them after their iniquities , much lesse will he not regard in wrathfull displeasure their infirmities . For if he should so marke what is saide or done amisse , who were then able to abide it ? But with him is mercie in Iesus Christ , that he may be feared . Therfore lift vp your hands which hang downe , and strengthen your weak knees , and say vnto your soule ; Why art thou so cast down and vnquiet within mee ? I will yet trust in Iesus Christ , and waite vpon the mercifull graces of God purchased by his merits . Consider that true humilitie ariseth of faith in Iesus Christ , and that is true Faith that ingendreth humilitie ; as we may not diminish our sins , so may we not too much aggrauate them , nor diminish Christs merits : haue euermore in your minde the example of the prodigall sonne , who saith not , I am not thy sonne : but , I am no more worthie to be called thy sonne : hee saith not , Let me be thy bond-slaue ; Nay hee saith not , Let me be thy hired seruant ; but Let me be as one of thy hyred seruants : his Father came , and met him , and fell on his necke , &c. So shall it come to you good brother . I need make no more application : the holy annoynting which you haue receiued , will bring the old mercies of God vpon others , and vpon your own soule , vnto remembrance , and leade you into all trueth , which shall be requisite for your saluation . Put your trust in the Lord , and be you assured , beleeue his Ministrrs and you shall prosper . The Lord Iesus came not to breake the bruisedreede , nor to quench the smoking flaxe ; his grace shall bee euermore sufficient for you , and his vertue shal vnto the end manifest it selfe in your weaknesse . Now therfore I beseech him to preserue your bodie and soule , and spirit , vnto his most glorious appearing . Faithfull is hee that hath called you , and promised , who will also performe it , Amen . From my house in London , in Warwicke Lane , Ann● 1591. Feb. 24. Yours in Iesus Christ , as he hath bene , RICHARD GREENHAM . A LETTER CONSOLATORIE , WRITTEN TO A FRIEND AFFLICTED IN conscience for sinne . Grace and peace in Iesus Christ. MY very good and louing friend in the Lord Iesus , I vnderstand by M. H. who oft trauaileth into those parts , that you require of me letters of comfort for reliefe of your afflicted and distressed conscience . Wherein I could bee glad to performe any dutie that is within the compasse of my poore abilitie . But your best and soundest comfort ( as I take it ) lieth in those that haue themselues beene exercised with that triall : who from the comforts of Christ that haue abounded in them , are best able to comfort those that are in like sort afflicted by the hand of God. Againe , I haue written vnto you many times of this argument : if my Letters remaine with you , they may alwaies speake for me that which I am able to say to that poynt . If you require more than I haue written before this ; then were it reason you should send me my former letters , that I might know where to begin that which remaineth . My leisure is not great , as you know , and there is nothing whereinto I enter more vnwillingly , than into this labour of writing . Yet that you may vnderstand that I haue not altogether forgotten your old loue towards me , nor haue suffered mine affection towards you vtterly to decay ; I will endeuour at once as briefly as I may to remember vnto you , so farre as I can cal to mind , the summe of all that I haue written vnto you heretofore . The question ( as I take it ) that lieth in controuersie betweene your conscience and the enemie , is of the assurance of your saluation . Wherein I would haue you first to consider what is , or at any time past hath beene the testimonie of the spirit of God vnto your spirit , and then I doubt not , but either from present sense of the same spirit of God , crying in your hart , Abba Father ; or from the remembrance of the daies of old , wherein you had a comfortable assurance of Gods fauour , you shall be able to repell the force of this temptation , considering that the holy Ghost cannot lie , that God , whom he loueth , vnto the end he loueth , and because his gifts and calling ( as the Apostle saith ) are such as whereof he doth not , nor cannot repent him . Then consider the nature of faith , which how weake and vnperfit soeuer it be , it cannot be deuided euen by Sathan himselfe , to be faith : according to that which is said , I beleeue , Lord helpe thou mine vnbeleefe . And if you haue faith euen as much as a graine of mustard seede , &c that faith apprehendeth Christ Iesus , in whom there is all sufficiencie of saluation , and in whom we are complete : so that whatsoeuer scruple ariseth from our selues , or is enforced of the enemie from any imperfection that is in vs , it neede not at all to dismay vs , because we saue not our selues , but are saued by him , Who is made vnto vs from God , wisedome , righteousnesse , sanctification , and redemption : that who so glorieth should glorie in him . And indeed there is no surer refuge when the enemie distresseth vs , than renouncing our selues to professe the onely name of Christ Iesus , who dyed for our sinnes , and rose againe for our iustification . For if the enemie shall say , we haue sinned : our answere is , Christ hath dyed for vs , yea is risen againe , yea is ascended into heauen , &c. If he say , we want the righteousnes of the Law , we must answer , Christ hath fulfilled the Law , that we by him might be made the righteousnes of Christ : If he say , we are in nature corrupt , and therefore both vnworthie and vnfit for the kingdome of heauen ; we must answere him with the words of Christ himselfe : For their sakes haue I sanctified my selfe . Finally , whatsoeuer shall be obiected against vs by the enemie , our answere must be , that in Christ all the promises of God are Yea , and in him they are Amen . That all fulnes dwelleth in him , and that in him we are perfected : so that we may boldly say with Saint Paul , There is no damnation to those that are in Christ Iesus . If Sathans importunitie and impudencie will not thus be answered , we must end all disputation with him by our selues , and send him vnto Christ , who amongst other parts of his office towards vs , performeth also this for vs , both before his heauenly father , and against all our aduersaries , that he is our aduocate to plead and defend our cause , which yet is not so much ours as his owne ; because the question is not of our merits or satisfactions , which we freely renounce : but of the merit of his obedience , and of the value of his death vnto the saluation of those that beleeue in him . So shall we at once stop vp the mouth of the enemie , when refusing to plead our owne cause , we referre our selues vnto Christ , whom we know to be the wisedome of God , and able to answere all that can possibly be obiected against vs. For seeing Sathan is a wrangling and subtill Sophister , it is our surest and safest dispatch , to breake off all dispute with him , and to send him thither where he may receiue his best answere ; and we need not to doubt , but he that hath answered the iustice of God , and cancelled the obligation that was against vs before his heauenly father , will easily defeate whatsoeuer the old Serpent our accuser the diuell is able to alleage against vs. But if we cannot so auoid his assault , but needs we must enter the combat with him , let vs take vnto our selues that courage that becommeth the souldiers of Christ , and in the name of the Lord Iesus manfully oppose our selues , knowing that he which hath brought vs into the battell , will both saue vs and deliuer vs out of all dangers . Then if the enemie shall say that we haue no faith , and therefore haue no interest in Christ , we may answere , that our beleeuing dependeth not vpon his testimonie , it is enough that our selues doe know , and feele by the grace of God , that we doe beleeue . As for him , we doe the rather perswade our selues of faith , because he saith that we beleeue not : knowing that he is not onely a murderer , but also a lyer from the beginning and the father of lying . Now , he that was neither ashamed nor afraid to charge God himselfe with vntruth , will make lesse scruple to deale falsely with vs , and that therefore we vtterly reiect his witnes , as the witnes of a notorious and treacherous deceiuer , vnworthie all credit , and whom we cannot beleeue , euen in the truth it selfe without danger . For which cause he was so oftentimes silenced by our Sauiour Christ and his Apostles , euen then when after his deceiueable manner he bare witnes vnto the truth . Againe , when the question is of our faith in Christ , whether we beleeue in him or not , we must beware that we stand not here vpon perfection of knowledge , which in the best Diuines is vnperfect : or vpon the perfection of our perswasion , which in all flesh is mingled with imperfection : It is enough for our present comfort , and to the silencing of our aduersarie , that we haue a competent knowledge of the mysterie of our saluation by Christ ; farre remoued from that ignorance and implicit vnderstanding , which Sathan hath planted in the kingdome of Antichrist . For perswasion also , we acknowledge , that partly by the corruption of nature , and partly by his assaults , by the grace of God it is such , as the same is oftentimes assailed and shaken ; yet faileth not , nor falleth vnto the ground , but standeth inuincible against all his attempts and inuasions whatsoeuer . And finally , for that faith whereby we rest for our saluation vpon Christ Iesus , wee glorie not in our owne strength : but wee say euery one for himselfe with him in the Gospell , We beleeue , Lord helpe thou our vnbeleefe . Fo● if faith he , as it is indeed , a repose , setling , placing , and putting of our trust and confidence for our saluation in Christ whom the Father hath sealed ; then we doubt not to proue against Sathan and all his instruments of infidelitie , that we doe beleeue : and that the weaknes of our faith , which we willingly acknowledge , and that remnant of vnbeleefe which yet hangeth vpon vs , is so farre off from dismaying vs , that it is both a warning and motiue vnto vs of great force to stirre vs vp , and to set a worke by all good meanes to establish and to increase our faith , when wee finde the good hand of the Lord not to bee wanting vnto vs , and his eares not to bee shut vp against our prayers ; in which we alwaies say with the Apostles of Christ , Lord increase our faith . If it shall bee obiected , that because wee haue not the same sense and feeling of faith which sometime wee had , as Sathan himselfe could not then den●e , therefore we haue now no faith , but haue vtterly lost the same : wee may answere , the argument followeth not : for euen in many diseases of the bodie it is so with them that haue them , that they seeme little better than dead corpses , and yet there is life in them , which hidden for a time , after is recouered and raised vp againe : so it is many times with the children of God , that being ouerborne and distressed with extremitie of affliction and temptation , they seeme for the time both to themselues and others , to haue lost the life and light which once they enioyed . Yet so it is , that when the tempest is ouerblowne , and the gracious countenance of the Lord againe beginneth to shine vpon them , the faith which was as it were hid for the time , taketh life , and steweth foorth it selfe , and plainly proueth , that as the trees when they budde in the spring time and bring foorth their fruite , were not dead in the winter as they seemed to bee : so the faith of Gods children , springing afresh after the stormie winter of temptation , declaring manifestly that it was not dead when it seemed so to be , but was onely respited for the time , that afterward it might bring foorth more fruite : and whereas the afflicted soule desireth nothing more than to beleeue , though it feele not a present operation of comfort by faith ; euen that desire argueth a secret sense that cannot easily be discerned , together with assurance of better estate in time to come , according to that of our Sauiour Christ : Blessed are they that hunger and thirst after righteousnes , for they shall be satisfied . And that of the blessed Virgin , He filleth the hungrie with good things , but the rich he hath sent emptie away . Also that bewailing and deploring of vnbeleefe which is found in the afflicted , is not onely a st●p vnto their former comfrort , but a certaine proofe and demonstration of the returne therof . For the Lord working by his spirit in the hearts of his childrens gronings that cannot be expressed , thereby assureth thē that in his good time he will heare them & grant their requests . And so much the more wee may bee perswaded hereof , because the loue of God towards vs , as it began not of vs ( as S. Iohn saith ) so it dependeth not vpon vs , but vpon the truth & constancie of him , with whom there is no change nor shadow of change . Againe , the temptation it selfe , from which our affliction doth arise , though it haue of itselfe a most bitter and sharp taste , euen vnto the wounding of our soules neere vnto death : yet hath it also in it an argument of comfort , the Lord himselfe out of darknes raising vp light vnto his childrē . For euen by this , that Satan so busily and so fiercely assaileth vs , it doth appeare , that as once he lost his possession in vs , & was cast out by one more mightie than himselfe , which is Christ : so now he findeth no peaceable entrance , but a strong and mighty resistance , & therfore there yet remaineth such part of the former worke , which he could not hitherto ouerthrow , nor shal be able for euer , which is the secret seede of faith still sustained and nourished by the spirit of God in vs , when wee would thinke it were vtterly extinguished . For as the fire when it wrastleth with the water throwne vpon it , ceaseth not till it haue ouercome : so this resistance of the spirit against the flesh , will not cease vntill the full victorie be obtained , and Satan himselfe troden vnder our feet . Neither is there any more sure testimonie , either of our present deliuerance begun , or of our full & perfect victory in time to come , than this , that by the word of God we doe ( though but weakly ) resist the temptations of the enemy , and continue in the battaile against him : mourning indeede and trauailing vnder the burthen of affliction , but yet standing vpright before the enemie , so that he cannot fully preuaile against vs , much lesse ouerthrow & destroy vs. But here one thing must carefully be looked vnto , that we be not so farre discouraged , either with want of feeling , or ouerborne with desire of that wee haue not , as wee forget what mercie hereto fore wee haue receiued . When Iob so earnestly , and ( as one would thinke ) impatiently wisheth the good things hee had sometimes enioyed , he doth not onely expresse the great affection he had to be restored vnto his former estate , but also giueth the attentiue reader to vnderstand a secret work of that grace of God ; from the remembrance of that which had been , insinuating an hope of that which should be , as the euent it selfe afterward declared ; which issue of his troubles S. Iames would haue vs diligently to consider when he saith : Ye haue heard of the sufferings of Iob , and haue seene the end of the Lord. But it fareth in this case with the afflicted soule many times , as it doth with those that greedily striue for the goods of this world ; their affections of hauing more is so strong , and doth so violently possesse and carrie them , as it not onely depriueth them of the vse of that they haue , but also maketh them forget the same , and which is yet more , protest against it , as if they had it not at all . So the humbled and afflicted spirit , one borne for the time with present griefe and anguish of minde , not onely vseth not the comforts it hath , and cannot presently discerne ; but also causeth an vtter forgetfulnes of them , and which more is , protesteth against them , as if they were not : yea ( as we see often in Iob ) he so complaineth of the contrarie , as if the Lord had not only forsaken his seruant , but had armed himselfe , and did fight against him to destroy him . Here therefore we must bridle and chastice our impatient and murmuring spirit : and remember that of Iob , so farre contrarie to the other , that though the Lord should destroy him , yet hee will trust in him . Neither must we so much vexe and vnquiet our hearts for that we want , as labour to make vse of that wee haue : which though it seeme little vnto vs for the present , yet in truth is more than Sathan by all his force is able to ouercome , as may appeare vnto vs by that endlesse resistance which the spirit of God dwelling in vs maketh against him . For he that so fighteth is not yet captiue : and he that standeth in face of the enemie , and endureth all his assaults , is not yet vanquished . Yea for that hee holdeth out in so great weaknes of his owne , against so strong and furious assaults of the enemie ; it plainly argueth , that he standeth by a greater strength than his owne ; by which , as hee is presently preserued that he falles not into the hand of his aduersarie ; so neede he not doubt thereby to be finally deliuered , and crowned with victorie and triumph in despite of Sathan & all hee is able to worke against him . But the enemie , whose quarelling with vs is endlesse , as his malice is vnsatiable , will not thus leaue vs and giue vs rest , then ( as I saide before ) it is our best and safest way , at once to end all disputation with him . And we cānot better shake him off , than by exercising our selues in prayer , reading , and meditation of the word of God , and by diligent walking in the works and labours of our calling : for there is no greater oportunitie nor aduantage that can bee giuen vnto the aduersarie , than if he shall finde vs idle and vnoccupied . If the mind be already possessed of , and occupied in good things , it cannot so easily be transported vnto that which is euill : but if he finde the house empty and fit for him , he then entreth without difficultie . In the question of faith wee haue comfort also from the works and effects thereof in our selues : For as the tree is known by the fruites ; so faith wanteth not her fruites whereby she may be discerned . These are of diuers sorts , sorrow for sinne past , hatred of euill , care and endeuour to auoide it both in generall and particular , the loue of God and of his righteousnesse , desire and care with labour and contentation to please him , both in generall and particular duties . And here againe wee haue a lawfull and necessarie recourse vnto time past . For albeit wee haue nothing to glorie in before God , when the question is of the cause of our saluation ; yet the effects of the grace and fauour of God towards vs in the former fruites of our faith , may yeeld vs no small comfort in the time of our heauines and of the anguish of our spirits ; hereof it is that the Prophet in the Psalmes doth so often protest his obedience vnto God ▪ and care to doe his commandemēts : hereof it is that Iob , vnto the comforting of his distressed conscience , remembreth the course of his former life , led in the feare of God and obedience of righteousnes . For although we may not attribute any merit vnto our workes , but must giue the whole glorie of our saluation vnto Christ alone ; yet our workes doe witnes for vs , that we are the children of God , because we are guided by his spirit , & as the Apostle saith , though the bodie be dead in respect of sinne , yet the spirit is life for righteousnesse sake . Also the gracious effects of Christ himselfe dwelling in our hearts by faith , are sure & certaine testimonies that we are members of his bodie and doe belong vnto him , because as branches implanted into him which is the vine , we bring foorth fruite according to the nature of the vine . It is said we doe yet sinne ; our answere is , that that happeneth vnto vs not from the new creature , but from that other part yet remaining in vs still subdued vnder sin , in which the Lord of mercie doth not esteeme vs , but in that new man which is fashioned againe according vnto his own Image . In so much as S. Paul doubteth not to say , that the sinnes of the faithfull proceeding from the remainder of corruption , yet abiding in them , are not their works , but the works of the flesh , which being already wounded vnto death by the power of the death of CHRIST , languisheth more & more , and shal finally be abolished by death , which is the ende and accomplishment of our mortification , and fullie endeth the battaile betweene the flesh and the spirit . What shall I say of the loathing of this life , and the vanitie thereof , & of that desire which is in the children of God , to be dissolued , and to be with Christ ? of contentment in all estates , patience in afflictions , constancie in truth , loue towards those that loue the Lord , pitie towards those that are in miserie , and the desiring of the good ( euen of their enemies ) and thos that hate them ? Which vertues , though they beare not an equall saile , by reason of the weaknes of the flesh , and of the malice and resistance of the enemie ; yet are they vndoubted testimonies of our loue towards God , which is not but in those who are first beloued of him , and haue tasted how good and gracious he is . If we shall looke vnto the exercises of pietie , & of the worship of God , though we may here ( a● else-where ) complaine of our wants and defects , yet we shall through Gods goodnes finde matter of comfort . Remember therfore what mercie the Lord hath shewed you in this part ; with what desire & affection you haue heard the word of God : how precious it hath bene vnto you , aboue gold , euen the most fine golde : how sweet and comfortable , euen aboue the hony & the hony combe . Remember with what fruit of knowledge in the will of God , increase of Faith in his promises , purpose and endeuour of amendment of life , you haue oftentimes heard the same . Call to minde with what zeale and earnestnes of spirit you haue sometimes called vpon the Name of God , both publikely and priuately , with others , and alone by your selfe : with what ioy and reioycing of the soule you haue praised the Lord for his mercies towards his Church , and towards your selfe . Call to minde what hath bene in you at any time , the power of those Sacraments which are annexed as seales vnto the promise of saluation by Christ , and how farre they haue by the blessing of God , erected your minde in hope and assurance of his goodnes towards you . If your present discouragement resist the comfort of these meditations , it is no newe thing , that in our weaknes wee should after the manner of those that be sicke , disaduantage our selues of that which might doe vs good : yet remember how iniurious a thing it were , to esteeme the children of God by their present agonies and conflicts of conscience , rather then by the comfort of that estate wherein the grace of God shined plentifully vpon them and in them . For as when men are diseased , it cannot thereof be concluded , that they were neuer in health : so the present discomforts of the children of God , though they take away the sense of his mercie for a time , yet they are no repeale of his former goodnesse and fauour towardes them , nor denie them to haue bene , euen in their owne iudgement and feeling deare vnto the Lord , and still to bee , though the storme and tempest of their present affliction suffer them not so liuely and comfortablie to enioy the same , as before . For which cause they must with Iob and Dauid call to remembrance the comforts of times past , from thence to assure themselues of the returne of the good hand of the Lord in due time . I doubt not , but you can be witnes vnto God , and to your owne selfe , that the time hath beene when your comfort and assurance of Gods fauour was such , as Sathan himselfe could not denie the testimonie which then the spirit of God did beare vnto your spirits . Now the gifts and calling of God are without repentance , and whome hee loueth he loueth vnto the end : neither doth our saluation depend vpon any thing of our owne , ( for then we should a thousand times perish and fall before the enemie ) but vpon that eternall and euerlasting loue of God , wherewith he hath loued vs in IESVS CHRIST , before the foundations of the world were laide : which loue of his , if it hath at anie time bene made knowne vnto vs , and apprehended of vs , we haue assurance greater then the testimonie of men and Angels . But you will say , that which sometimes I felt is now gone , and in stead thereof I am perpetually oppressed with the horror of the wrath of God , iust against me for my sinnes . It is true , that the power and sense of Faith is not alwayes alike in the children of God : yet is it a false and sophisticall conclusion , suggested from him that is a lyar from the beginning , and the father of lying , to say , we feele not faith , therfore there is no faith in vs. For in many diseases of the body wee haue no sense of life , and yet wee liue : the Sunne shineth not in the night season , nor when it is obscured with cloudes : shall wee say therfore that there is no Sunne , or that it hath vtterly no operation ? Admit also ( which yet may not be admitted ) that the Lord had for a time vtterly giuen vs ouer : can wee conclude thereof , that he will neuer againe be mercifull vnto vs ? Nay , hee that found vs when wee sought him not , will surely returne vnto the worke which hee hath begun , though he seemeth for a while to haue forsaken it . There is sometime as it were an eclipse of our faith , and of the feeling of the grace of God towards vs : but let vs assure our selues , that as the Sunne and Moone doe not perish in their eclipses , nor loose their light for euer : so in this eclipse which happeneth for a time vnto our faith , and sense of Gods goodnesse , the same shall not perish or lose his vertue for euer : but shall in good time bee restored , or rather quickened in vs againe , vnto our further and more assured comfort . This you haue seene in many deare children of God , whose heauinesse hath beene knowne vnto you , that they haue not beene forgotten for euer , but that the Lord , who seemed for a while to frown vpon them , did in the end cause his most gracious and louing countenance to shine vpon them againe : you haue felt it in your selfe , that there hath beene an interchangeable course of sorrow and comfort , of faith and feare , and that the one hath continually succeeded the other , that the same hand that humbled you , did raise you vp againe ; that he that inflicted the wound into your soule , applied thereunto the most sweete and soueraigne remedie of his grace . So ancient and so experienced a souldier as you are in this spirituall battaile , should now be valiant and strong vnto the combat : and though victorie be not to be hoped from the weaknesse of flesh , yet the experience we haue had of the goodnesse of God in our former troubles , ought to assure vs of the returne of his helping hand in all our necessities . Shall I put you in minde of the grace of God towards you in your comforting of others , euen then when your selfe haue been in some discouragemēt ? If others haue receiued comfort from you , raise vp the same comforts vnto your selfe . Neither is there any cause you should feare , least the spirit which in you was able to erect and confirme others , should not be able to refresh and comfort your owne soule . In other things we loue our selues too much , and doe well vnto our selues rather than to others : but here many times by the fraud and deceit of the enemie , wee are made cruell vnto our owne bowels , and become his abused instruments to torment our selues : Who will put a sword into the hand of his aduersarie to wound himselfe withall ? And who will strengthen his enemie that is alreadie too strong for him ? Yet this is our folly , that we will conspire with Sathan against our selues , and arme him with weapons vnto our owne destruction . Saint Peter saith , Resist the diuell being strong in faith . We must not therefore yeeld our selues vnto his tyrannie , nor cast away that weapon of faith by which alone wee may bee able to ouercome . But I will vrge this argument no further . I know that the benefits of this life are common for the most part , both to the reprobate and to the elect ; yet both in those which are common , there is a great and large difference , and there are some so singular as carrie with them a stronger testimonie of the fauour of God , than that it may without impietie be denied . In common benefits it holdeth , that as things most aduerse are yet turned vnto our good , so much more the good gifts and blessings of God doe carrie with them a testimony of his loue and fauour towards vs. For as the Lord speaketh vnto vs in the word and by his spirit ; so his good and fatherly prouidence towards vs , is not without voyce , but soundeth aloud vnto the declaration of his loue . But there are ( as I said ) some benefits so special , that the vse of them is proper only vnto his children . Remember with me the first time of this trouble & dismaying of your conscience ; and remember withall how many meanes the Lord hath ministred vnto you for your comfort What shall I say of those whom the Lord hath put euen into your bosome , the more neerer to applie his mercie vnto you , Maister C. Maister B. Maister R. &c. all so furnished vnto your comfort , that you may well thinke , they were as so many hands stretched out from heauen to support and strengthen your weaknes withall ? If I should set myselfe to remember how many other the seruants of God haue by diuine prouidence been directed to minister cōfort vnto you , the number would be innumerable : Master S. Master F. Master D. Master B. Master G. Master G. and almost who not , of those that haue been trained and brought vp in that schoole . Consider how great a mercie this hath been , that so many excellent Physitions of the soule , should at seueral times apply themselues , if not vnto the cure , at the least vnto the mitigating of your disease , I will not examine how many and great comforts you haue receiued from them by word in presence , and by letters in absence : this onely I aske of you , whether you haue not knowne all these to beare vnto you the same testimonie , to speake the same comfort , and to cōfirme you in the same assurance of the loue of God towards you ? Now what spirit must that bee , that shall contradict the spirit of God in the mouthes of so many and faithfull witnesses ? My good friend , marke what I will say vnto you : as the patient that is sicke in body willingly resigneth himselfe vnto the sentence and direction of his skilfull and faithfull Physition ; so must the children of God in their spirituall maladies , yeeld themselues vnto the Physitions of their soules , so much the more , because the Lord hath giuen vnto the ministers of his Gospell the power of binding and loosing , both in the publike ministerie of his word , and also in the priuate consolation of his children . I will not speake of that which is publike , although not altogether vnfit vnto my purpose , considering that that which is publikely spoken as vnto all , hath also a particular addresse vnto those that are the Lords . As whē the Lord saith by his Prophet , Blessed are all they that mourne in Sion . I will for the present rest in that vse of this power of binding and loosing which is priuate and particular . Remember that of Saint Iames , who saith , that vpon the prayers of the Elders of the Church , the sins of the diseased shall be forgiuen him : which words can haue no other sense , but that by them shall bee pronounced vnto him the forgiuenes of sins . A most excellent practise wherof , we haue in our Sauiour himselfe , Luk. 7. where first he proueth by argumēt vnto Simon the Pharisie , that the mourning sinner was pardoned all her sinnes , and therefore was now no sinner and wicked one , as hee vncharitably esteemed her to bee ; then turning himselfe vnto the distressed soule , first saith , Thy sinnes are forgiuen thee ; and afterward , Thy faith hath saued thee , goe in peace . Wherein , though there be some things extraordinary in our Sauiour Christ as the sonne of God ; yet is it that power which he hath communicated vnto all his seruants , saying , Whose sinnes you forgiue , they are forgiuen , &c. which is nothing else , but , whose sins vpon due examination and trial of their repentance , you pronounce to be forgiuen , they are forgiuen . Here again remember ( my deare friend ) how many of the faithfull and expert seruants of Christ haue examined your estate by conference with your selfe , & haue found all signes vnto health and saluation . Vnlesse therefore Sathan dare contradict the spirit of God , speaking by the mouthes of so many witnesses , he cannot say but you are the Lords . Now for your selfe , I am assured that you will not , nor dare not say , but this hath beene the constant testimonie of all the seruants of God sent vnto you ; and that they were such as you had no cause to suspect their partialitie or flatterie in any sort . How is it then , that the voyce of so many should not be vnto you as the voyce of God himselfe ? Who , though he do not speake vnto vs now immediatly from heauen , as in some times past ; yet he speaketh vnto vs by the mouthes of his seruants , his Prophets . When Dauid said in the horror of his soule , I haue sinned against the Lord ; was it ( think you ) a small comfort that Nathan said immediately vnto him , The Lord hath pardoned thy sinne ? I will say nothing of the prayers of so many of the seruants of Christ as haue commended your cause vnto the Lord , which cannot be frustrate , the Lord himselfe directing them to pray according to his word , and vpon the assurance of his promise . Reade Iob 33. 23. If there be present with him ( that is , with the afflicted soule , as verse 22. ) a messenger from God , an interperter ( of the will of God ) such as is one of a thousand , who may signifie vnto man the equitie of the Lord , and intreating him for fauour shall say : Redeeme thou him that hee goe not downe into the pit , by that redemption which I haue found ; when he hath humblie be sought the Lord , he doth graciously receiue him that hee may behold his face with ioy , and hee restoreth vnto man his righteousnes . In which words there are many excellēt things to be noted for the comfort of those that are afflicted . The first is , that the anguished soule finding no comfort at home and in her selfe , by reason of the strength of temptation , must seeke reliefe abroad at the hands of those whom God hath appointed to make glad the sorrowfull minde , and to giue rest vnto the wearied and distressed conscience . Wherein you must consider with all thankfulnesse , how great mercie the Lord hath shewed vnto you : for I doe perswade my selfe , as before I haue said , that since the time of your affliction , there hath not been almost one , that hath any special gift in that kinde , who by conference , writing , or otherwise , hath not bestowed some part of his trauaile vnto your comfort . I could my selfe name a great number besides those aboue mentioned , but yourselfe can remember many more . Now the testimonie of many faithfull seruants of Christ witnessing the grace and goodnesse of God towards you , must bee as the voyce of God himselfe , who is not as man that hee should lie , or as the sonne of man that hee should repent , or alter that which he hath once testified . And if Iob doe acknowledge , that the comfort of one faithfull witnesse on the behalfe of God , is enough to the erecting & cherishing of the heauiest minde , what can Satan say vnto the testimonie , not of two or three witnesses which the law onely requireth , but vnto the testimonie of two or three score , the meanest and weakest whereof should be able to answere in your behalfe vnto all that the enemie is able to obiect against you ? The second thing I note , is that these haue not come vnto you by error or by chance , but by special addresse of Gods prouidence , as sent from the throne of grace to bind vp your wound , and to minister comfort vnto your conscience . The third , that these speake not their own words , nor of themselues but are the faithfull interpreters of the will of God , not indeede immediatly from himselfe , but by viewing and esteeming of the worke of God , and the fruites of his grace in those that are his . The fourth , that as they declare vnto the afflicted , that fauour of God towards them , which themselues are not able for the present to discerne , so they commend them by prayer vnto the Lord , who hath promised to heare & to graunt their requests . The fift , that for cōfort in this case , we must passe out of our selues , in whom there is nothing that may ease our griefe , and cast our eye and cogitation onely vpon Christ , in whom al fulnesse of saluation doth dwel , considering that this is one of the meanes whereby Sathan doth most distresse and anguish the afflicted soules , that hee holdeth them in the cogitation of their sinnes and transgressions against God , and suffereth them not to see that length , breadth , height , and depth , and to knowe that loue of Christ that passeth all knowledge , that they might be filled with all the fulnesse of God. The sixt , that the Lord both mercifully blesseth the labours of his seruants in comforting his children , and also graciously heareth their praiers and supplications made in their behalfe vnto his Maiestie . And the last , that God in his good time erecteth the mindes of the afflicted , and openeth their mouthes to praise his name & to protect his goodnes , that he hath brought againe their soule from the pit , and hath shined vpon them with the light of life ▪ Which effect of the grace of God , because you haue both seene in others , and felt in your selfe many times , you haue great cause to hope and expect the returne of his comforting hand in due season , who also shall once determine these conflicting daies , and set vs in that peace which shall neuer be interrupted , and wherein all teares shall bee wiped away from our faces for euer . The malice of the enemie , during this life , hath no end nor measure at all , and therfore we may iustly feare all extremitie of attempt against vs ; but we must strengthen our selues in him , who can and will enable vs vnto all things . The last and most grieuous assault of Sathan against the afflicted is , that he calleth into doubt their election . For that saluation is onely of the elect , hee laboureth by all meanes to snake this ground and pillar of comfort , and if it bee possible to subuert and ouerthrow the same . It behooueth vs here to take heede how we carrie our selues , as in that temptation which of all others is most difficult and dangerous . First therefore , wee must beware of that gulfe wherein the enemie hopeth to deuoure vs , that wee enter not into the secret and hidden counsell of God. For the secrets of the Lord are for himselfe ; but the things that are reuealed , are for vs and our posteritie after vs for euer , as Moses saith . What then hath the Lord reuealed concerning our election ? First , the spirit of God witnesseth vnto our spirits that we are the children of God : then it teacheth vs to cry Abba Father , and stirreth vp in vs those gronings that cannot bee expressed . From these let vs descend vnto faith it selfe : the voyce whereof , if it be not suppressed by the grieuousnesse of temptation , soundeth cheerefully vnto vs , that wee are beloued of God , redeemed by Christ , and fellow heires with him of his fathers kingdom . If here also the enemie haue darkened our senses and obscured our light , we must of necessitie with Iob , relieue our selues from the fruits of our faith : These what they are hath alreadie beene said . If necessitie doe so compell vs , we must flie vnto the times that are past , and referre our selues vnto the testimonies of the faithfull ministers of God : who as they are for their wisedome and manifold experience better able to iudge of our estate than our selues : so haue they power and authoritie from God to decide the controuersie betweene vs and our enemie , and to pleade our cause against him . Also where the enemie from our present trouble and torment of minde , seeketh to driue vs vnto despayre , we are to vse against him his owne weapons : for among many testimonies of our estate in grace & fauour with God , there is none more euident and sensible , than is that conflict which we find and feele in our selues of the spirit against the flesh , of faith against vnbeliefe , of a sanctified minde against that part that is vnregenerated : and finally , of the new creature against the old man , and of Christ himselfe in vs , against the power of Sathan . If he replie that this is not so , but the contrarie ; we may answere , that albeit there haue been many times , wherein we had a more present and mightie hand of the Lord vpon vs ; yet euen now Satan himselfe cannot denie , but we hate sinne and loue righteousnes : that we loue God and ( to our power ) obey his will , and flye the baites and occasions of euill : whereof if there were for the present no manifest and apparant effects , ( as yet by the grace of God there are ) notwithstanding the onely affection and desire of the heart , thirsting and longing after Gods kingdome and his righteousnes , are sufficient arguments of the worke of grace begun in vs , which shall so long bee continued by the good hand of our heauenly father , vntill it be consummated and perfected in the life to come . For if it be God ( as the Apostle saith ) that giueth both the will and the deed : he that hath giuen vs to desire to obey his will , will also enable vs vnto the doing of the same . And seeing the worke of sanctification beginneth in the heart , and thence floweth into our whole life , wee nothing doubt , but God , who hath giuen vs ioy in the holy Ghost , and therby a loue vnto him & vnto his law , wil further confirme & strengthen vs , that we may be vessels of honour vnto his name , and glorifie the Gospel of our profession with fruites agreeable and according thereunto . Yea the thoughts , meditations , and desires of the heart , are deeds before God , and principall parts of that obedience which he requireth at our hands . And therefore if the faithfull man should bee taken away by death before he hath done any of the outward works of the law ; yet should not his faith be without fruites , in that being sanctified in the inward man , hee doth now in soule & spirit serue the Lord , and desireth abilitie and oportunitie in act to doe his will , and to honour his name ; as appeared in that penitent malefactor that died with our Sauiour Christ. Another thing I am to admonish you of , that you bee not as the couetous men of the world , who so gape vpon that they further desire , as they consider not , but rather forget that which they alreadie haue , and hauing much indeede , in their opinion haue nothing : and to all purposes and vses do as well want that which they haue , as that which they haue not . So it oftentimes happeneth to the deare children of God , that whilest they looke and breath after that which they haue not yet attained vnto , they forget and neglect that which they haue receiued , and vse it not to their comfort and reioycing , as otherwise they should . This ouerreaching & importunitie of theirs , Sathan abuseth against them , from the opinion of hauing nothing , to blind their eyes not to see the present grace and goodnes of God towards them . It is true that the Apostle saith , that in the course of godlines and religion , we may not thinke we haue attained the goale , or are come vnto the ende of our race : but , forgetting that which is behind vs , and endeuouring vnto that which is before , must contend ( as to a marke ) vnto the reward of the most high calling of God in Christ Iesus . But he speaketh it not to this end , that wee should not in thankfulnes acknowledge the former mercies of God bestowed vpon vs , or not vse them vnto our comfort , as testimonies of his loue & fauour towards vs : but that we may not stay in our present profiting but adde daily a new and fresh increase ; that as from a larger and greater heape o● benefits , we may more and more assure our selues , that we are beloued of God , and shall enioy the inheritance of his kingdome . When the Apostle saith , Worke your saluation , &c. and labour to make your calling and election sure : though the meaning be not , that we should put confidence of saluation in workes , yet it telleth vs , that the works & fruits of our faith are testifications of Gods spirit dwelling in our hearts more euident and pregnant , than that Satan himselfe can or dare deny them . We may not suffer our selues to be so ouerborne of the enemie vnder the colour of zeale and desire to doe well , as not to remember wherein the Lord hath already giuen vs some part of wel-doing : not so to striue vnto that we haue not , as to forget that which by his grace we already haue : but rather with all thankfulnesse acknowledging the goodnes of God , from thence assure our selues of the continuance & finishing of the worke begun . In the courses of the world , as slownesse getteth nothing , so preposterous haste looseth all . It is the subtiltie and malice of the enemie , when he cannot hold vs with himselfe , to hasten and push vs on so fast and so headlong , as by rashnesse we may fall into that , which by forwardnesse we had escaped . Good things to come therefore we must hold them in hope , and pursue them in peace : but the good we haue alreadie attained vnto , we must so farre reioyce and comfort our selues in , as from thence we may be able to sustaine and support our cause against the enemie , and from that we haue , to let him vnderstand that we doubt not of that which remaineth : that the Lord will both continue and confirme the worke of his owne hands , and not forsake the same vntil it be accomplished in his kingdome of glory . Thus I haue in great hast and confusedly set down so much as presently came vnto minde , of those things which often heretofore I haue written vnto you : humbly beseeching the Father of all mercy and God of all consolation , who hath annointed you with the oyle of his grace , sealed you with the spirit of adoption , and giuen you a sure earnest and pledge of euerlasting saluation , to encrease vpon you , and in your heart the measure of faith , and multiply your fruits in all manner of well doing , make you strong against the face of your enemie , & crowne you with victorie in the day of battaile , that you may praise his name in the day of your deliuerance , glorifie him in the whole course of your life ; and finally enioy with the rest of his Saints , that eternall kingdome of glory , prepared for all those that loue and feare him . Amen . FINIS . MAISTER GREENEHAMS PRAYER . O God most mightie , glorious and righteous : O father most louing , gracious , and merciful , which keepest couenant and mercy in Iesus Christ for all those which receiuing the first fruites of thy holy spirit , walke before thee in vprightnesse of their heart : wee thy vnworthy children come vnto thee in the name of thy onely begotten sonne Iesus Christ our Lord : beseeching thee to renue and encrease thy holy spirit in vs , and to purifie our hearts more and more by faith , that we may haue a clearer sight , and a surer perswasion of thy fatherly goodnesse vnto vs , and that wee may more readily performe our dutifull obedience vnto thee . For wee doe acknowledge and confesse vnto thy sacred Maiestie , that we haue yet neuer hitherto worthily esteemed thy mercies towards vs , nor sufficiently expressed the fruites of our bounden dutie towards thee : but that still we remaine ignorant , and forgetfull of many good things , which wee ought , and might know . And we confesse Lord , wee are slacke vnto those things which thy holy sp●●t offereth to our mindes , vnapt to doe them , soone wearie of wel-doing ; and wherein we please thee something , we please our selues too much . Moreouer wee likewise confesse that we are ignorant of many euill things , that wee haue done , doe , or may doe : forgetfull of diuers things , which sometime wee haue hadde knowledge and remorse of . And now the things which come to our remembrance , and are in our sight , doe not appeare to be so●sinfull in any measure as they are , and ought of vs to be regarded . Yea wee are beguiled ere euer we are aware with our present corruptions , and they cleane so fast vnto vs , that wee can hardly leaue them , but most hardly bee brought to true repentance of them . We beseech therefore thy sacred Maiestie , to worke in vs by thy holy spirit , a wise and carefull searching out of and into our sinnes , that by the lawe wee may be conuinced of them , awakened by thy threatnings , rebuked for them by thy iudgements , executed vpon the wicked , and exercised toward thy children , seruants , and friends , that so wee may feare and tremble for them . And by the serious premeditation of the vncertaine houre , of a most certaine death , of the day of thy generall , ineuitable and dreadfull iudgement , of the horrible and euerlasting paines of the wicked in the helles , and their losse of the inestimable ioyes of the heauens , stirre vp our dead hearts to seeke thee O Father in thy Christ , and thy sonne our Lord and Sauiour in the Gospell . And finally , we pray that we may bee euen confounded in our selues , by the fruitfull remembrance of thy blessed sufferings , the most precious blood-sheading and death of our Lord Iesus Christ , that so we may be humbled after that manner and measure thy children should bee : beseeching thee , that wee may so aforehand accuse our selues before thy blessed Maiestie , that our aduersarie may haue no power hereafter to accuse vs , so iudge our selues that we be not iudged by thee : so with shame , sorrow , feare , and trembling , acknowledge the vilenes of our sinnes wholely before the throne of thy iustice , that wee finde it to be a throne of grace and mercie vnto vs in Iesus Christ our Lord. Now O Lord , the searcher of the hearts and reynes , thou knowing this to be the humble and single desire of our hearts , wee flye vnto thee for refuge , beseeching thee by thy holy spirit to worke in vs a clearer sight of the wisedome of our Lord Iesus Christ , wherby our minds may be further cleared from blindnes , and we haue a clearer sight of the whole ministerie of our saluation in him ; and graunt vs God a fuller perswasion of the discharge of all our sinnes in his death , and of the imputation of his righteousnesse vnto vs , in his resurrection : that the guiltinesse of our conscience may daily more and more goe away from vs , and peace of the same be confirmed in vs ; especially in the time of our temptation and trouble , the day of our death , and the hou●e of iudgement . And next ( most mercifull Father ) graunt vs a more powerfull experience of his death , killing sinne in vs , and of his resurrection , raising vs vp vnto a new life , that daily we may be lesse sinful , and more holy , righteous , and sober in this present life : that so also wee may haue a more sure and stedfast hope in his redemption , and may more strongly resist the vanities of this world , in false pleasures , profits , and glories : and more patiently endure all manner of miseries of the same , which may befall vs , vntill his glorious appearing when hee shall come to be glorious in his Saints , and made maruellous in al those which beleeue in him , Amen . Furthermore O Lord , whereas we are priuie to our selues , ere it is knowne vnto others , or vnto thee , that thereby any sinne or sinnes more strange in vs through our corrupt nature or custome , or the temptation of others , or of the tempter ; wee beseech thee that there we may labour to finde the precious death of our Lord Iesus Christ more powerfull in subduing the same : and whereas through vnabilitie of nature , want of meanes , or grace , we are weaker in any duties of well-doing , there we may striue to finde the vertue of his glorious resurrection more effectuall in raising vs vp in meanes of life : so that our familiar corruptions being cured , and our speciall infirmities being relieued , wee may be also endued , as with generall graces meete for all Christians , so with such peculiar graces as may be meete for our callings , and inable vs to glorifie thy holy name , build vp others in well-doing , and treasure vp the fruites of a good conscience , for our selues at all times , and especially in our neede . And in this behalfe the desire of our heart is , that thy holy spirit worke in vs the renouncing of our reason so farre forth as it is blinde , and the crucifying of our affections so farre forth as they be corrupt , that so we may offer them vp with soule and bodie in sacrifice of humiliation : and that hauing receiued these graces , we may also offer them vp in sacrifice of obedience vnto thy gracious Maiestie . And wherein soeuer we haue , doe , or shall with thy graces obey thee , we desire to offer vp thy graces , our obedience , and our selues in a sacrifice of thankesgiuing , and praising of thy holy and blessed name , through Iesus Christ our Lord , Amen . All thy waies O Lord , we acknowledge to bee mercie and truth ; we beseech thee therfore , giue vs the holy fruites of al the good meanes thou hast heretofore wrought our good by : as thy holy and sweete promises preached vnto vs , read of vs , meditated vpon by our selues , or conferred of with others , the prayers , thankesgiuings , Psalmes & Hymnes of our selues , our friends and thy Church , thy sacred Sacraments , the ministrie of thy holy Angels , the communion of thy Saints , and admonition which hath beene giuen vs for our good : most humbly entreating , that wee may haue sanctified vnto vs the remembrance of thy former mercies bestowed vppon thy Church , vpon any member therof , or vpon our selues , either in benefits , or in crosses : and albeit our nature is most impatient either of reproches offered vnto vs by our enemies , or any iniuries by our friends , yet herein we ●eruently aske of thy wise and merciful goodnes , that wee may reape a good fruite euen of such euill meanes . And because wee grow to bee acquainted with the pride of our spirits , and sloath fulnesse of our flesh , and few meanes are left vs , and many offences ( by our selues conceiued ; by others and Sathan offered ) doe alreadie , and are daily like more to assaile vs : O Lord , thou which hast beene our God , euen from our first birth , especially since our new birth , be thou the God of our middle age , yea of our old dayes , ( if we liue so long ) vntill thou finish the last worke of our new birth begun and continued thus farre in vs. To this ende wee aske of thee that we may vow ( and receiuing grace from thee , wee doe vowe ) to vse all these forenamed good meanes of our saluation , more mercifully , than yet euer wee vsed them ; in vsing of them wee aske more feare of thy Maiestie , faith of thy promises , purenesse of our hearts , loue vnto others , and withall , blessing and fruite more aboundant , that our latter workes may be better then our former . Wofull experience ( O blessed Sauiour ) teacheth , and moueth vs to call vpon thee , as for these former things , so to be preserued and protected by thy almightie and mercifull grace , from our owne corruption to come , from all Sathans temptation and accusations , from all manner of contagion of the vngodly in their iniuries , reproches , and their benefits , praises , their ●orceries , inchantments , yea from any hurt of thy children ( as they bee not regenerate ) and from any hurt by thy creatures , so farre forth as any of these things may hurt our saluation . Former experience O mightie God and mercifull Father , ought not onely to teach , but also to enforce vs to giue thee thankes , praise , and glory , for thy former mercies vpon vs and thy Church bestowed : but wherein thou hast prouided for vs many arguments of strength , of faith : or ignorance , forgetfulnes , negligence , and want of reuerence of thy mercies receiued , minister iust cause of humiliation : and therefore in some faith in , and thankfulnesse for thy former mercifull blessings , and yet in much weaknesse , in the merits of Iesus Christ our Lord : with our whole heart , wee beseech thee giue vs a good portion of thy spirit , to call carefully thy benefites to our remembrance , wisely to vnderstand them , and reuerently to regard , and truly to be thankfull for them , in mind , in heart , in word , and deed , through Iesus Christ our Lord and onely Sauiour . Amen . Wee beseech thee most mightie God and mercifull Father , to make partakers of our praiers , and thankesgiuings , all the whole Church , and euery member thereof , especially where dutie most chargeth , promise bindeth , necessitie craueth , and thy glory chalengeth , &c. FINIS . A TABLE OF THE CHIEFE POINTS OF DOCTRINE HANDLED IN THIS VOLVME , GATHERED INTO AN Alphabeticall order . A ABstinence vsed , 807. want of it hurt the godly , 808. Admonition , 28. 256 , 789 to whome it is to be giuen , 205. and in what manner , 547. 698. 58. of inferiours to superiours , 257. how it should be taken , 58. Rules of it in generall , 629. 630. 631. Adoption , what it is , and trials thereof . 450 Adulterie , what it is , and how many wayes committed , 676. 767. 790. Remedies against it . 635. 636. Affection naturall is corrupt , 1. 103. 638. 681. 727. 57. 515. 325. alwayes to bee suspected , 274. 651. the triall of it , 1. 671. 680. how it is renewed , 243. 175. 742. goood affections required in good workes , 264. 161. Dead Affections , 459. 827. Affliction , 2. 262. 638. causes of it , 35. 640. 197. 234. 235. necessitie thereof , 80. how grieuous a thing , 97 , ioyes in it . 686. 782. who are afflicted , 95. 96. 639 766. the ende and vse of affliction , 1. 2. 112. 686. 533. 334. how to comfort the afflicted . 6. 106 , 1107 , 114. 116. Affliction soone tries godlie and godlesse , 489. three rules for it . 864. 865. Ambition , 99. how to fight against Ambition , 466. Amitie turned into enmitie , 798. Anger , godlie , 243. euill anger , 79● . cause of it , 466. Triall of anger , 3. 641. 204. 547. Angels watch ouer ve● , and how ; 3. 646 not seene , but extraordinarily . 641. euill Angels . 310. 311. 312. Antichrist . 666 Apparell . 712. Apostasie how great a sinne , 627. An Arrian Heretike . 110. Armour of a Christian , 308. 309. Assurance of saluation , 322. 323. 328. See Saluation . Astonishment . 24● . Atheisme . 3. Austeritie . 769. B BAptisme , 642. Our vowe in Baptisme , euer to bee remembred , 477. on what day to be remembred . 157. Belieuers like children 18. the belieuer not hastie , 408. Blessednes , 314. the causes of it , 207. the effects of it , 209. true blessednes wherein it consisteth . 394 Blessing denied because of sinne , 784 786. the way to obtaine temporall blessings , 644. these are no signes of Gods fauour , 645. Blindnes of men , 165. causes of it , 197. Booke of GOD , especiallie to be taken vp , with the examples thereof , 421. All that can delight the heart of man , contained in the booke of God , 446 Brethren most vehement in Loue , and so in hatred , 685. Brownists , 258 C CAlamities , publike , fearefull Tokens thereof , 464. causes of it , 791. publike most , affect vs most , 2● Calling , generall & speciall , 645. misliking thereof dangerous , 4. 30. 38. 613. 493. Of calling vpon GOD , with diuerse circumstances thereof . 449. Care immoderate of outward things hurtfull . 464 644 Catechising of Children whiles they are yong required , 2 ▪ 8. 642. 664. families must bee catechized , ●9● how and by whom it must be done , 649 6●5 distinguished from preaching : ibid. reasons for it . 665 Cause good , why it hath ill successe , & who are enemies to it . 8. constancie in it . 50 how to prosper in a good cause , 461 they may looke to bee potected , that haue a good cause , and handle that cause well , 504 ( 256 651 Censuring of others how it must be done , 4 Ceremonies 787 their first originall , 152 good and profitable , 652 euill , and to be hated . 353 321 364 Charitie , 820 voyde of suspition 79 Chastitie , 78 CHRIST , 654 his excellencie in all knowledge , 751 : how , and where we must labour to finde CHRIST , & to apply him , 397 his Temptations , 490 his Passion in ●oule , ●4 186 his Buriall , and the vse of it : 84 his Resurrection ; 85 178 he holdeth his Kingdome by two Titles ; 655 two Crownes , 6●6 his incercession , how he must be followed ; 692 654 his power ; 852 Christians ; their estate ; 308 who bee true Christians , 231 A Christians life is the Meditation of the Lawe of GOD , &c. 459 Difficulties in Christianitic , 384 Church , why called holie and Catholike ; the Authoritie and dignitie of it , 648 the prospetitie thereof should make vs reioyce , 275 a care of the prosperitie , a note of Gods children , 620 wants in it , and yet tollerable , 74 648 819 Childrē foolish , 276 why God giueth such to parents , 2●2 how to be brought vp ▪ ibid : 662 66● how to bee corrected , 278 marks of Gods children , 853 316 their calling and priuiledges , 782 their comfort in this life , 341 their loue to parents , and the Triall of it 76 : chastized , and wherefore , 640 787 subiect to two extremities , 307 how Gods children haue many changes in this life , and wherefore , 497 Gods goodnes towards them , when he plagueth the wicked , 499 Circumcision , 668 705 Combat of the faithfull , 81 Cōfort for a troubled mind , 6. 33 109 112 681. 768. See afflicted ; false cōfort . 778. Company of the wicked to be auoided , 332 Communion with CHRIST 1●2 with his members , 1●3 318 the benefit of obseruing all Gods commandements , 395 Hee that offendeth in any one commandement is guiltie of all , ibid. Concupiscence , how to auoide it . 8. ( 458 Conference necessary , 5. 614 , 12● , 647. 662 Confession of sinne . 38 484 Confession of sinne , 649. of all ▪ 690 , of speciall , 107 hard to confesse sinne , 32 33 the benefit of the confession of our sins 409. confession two folde : publike , priuate ; to God , to men , 360 361 Conscience afflicted , 5. 6. 37. See afflicted , Of sinne , 701. tormented , 9● . 99. 639 hardnes , 651. a good consciēce , 5. notes of i● , 313. examination of it , 650 , peace of it , 650 209 tender , 650 773. 611 troubled , yet pardoned 867 Scriptures for a weake conscience , 854 what it is , 3●8 Constācie in a good cause , in the faith , 511 Contempt of the Gospell punished , 791 Contention , 801 419 Contentation , 26 678 759 770 Cont●act of Matrimony vsed of the heathē 122 commended in Scripture , 123 what it is , and how the contracted must bee taught , 123. 124. a forme of cōtract . 1●8 Controuersies , how farre permitted in the Church , and wherefore . 727 Conuersion , 281 how hard a thing 252 the onely outward meanes of it . 282 Correction ; how the Lord correcteth , and why , 34 , 6●2 7●5 . How men ought to rect , 278 651 See Censure , Corruption naturall , 8. 636 703 secret corruption , 10● how knowne , 58. knowledge and feeling of it necessarie , 11. 681 delighteth in meanes it cannot haue , 92 hindereth good actions . 27 Couenants particular . 477 Couering infirmities . 7 Couetousnes vnsatiable . 643. 6●4 how discouered . 6●0 . 604. how to fight against it , and ouercome it . 466 Curtesie of the wicked what it is , 837 Counsell . 612 Creation , what it is , 82. right vse of the creatures . 312 783 what it is to bee a newe creature , 370 ioy therein , ●64 Crosses refine the Faithfull , 2. 38. 117 ▪ they are necessarie , 649 the vse of it 116 ioyes vnder it . 68● three things required to finde comfort therein , 2 the wicked cowa●ds vnder the crosse 48● Crosse of CHRIST , what is meant thereby , 366 36● how crosses of wood and other things came . 36● Curiositie , 475 Curse , a secret curse , 662 680 Custome , 332 D Dauid , 552 his adulterie , 7●2 ●auncing a sinne , 169 Death sudden , 66● good , 465 violent , ●8 quiet , to some men an euill ●ig●● , 2●1 measurable feare of it commendable , ● 250 wishes of it vnlawfull , 9 meditation of it profitable , 656 6●3 how to die the death of the righteous , 49 the godlie die in the fittest time , 45 their sinne abolished by it , 875 806 no man to be iudged according to his state in death , 9 Debt two kindes of it , 754 Decalogue , 73 Deceir , 688 Delights , 612 D●sertion , what it is , 398 It is twofolde , Ibid. Three endes for which God vseth desertions , 401 the vse that Christians ought to make thereof , 402 Desire , 735 respected of God more then the deede , 9 6 ▪ 8 How to examine it , 680 800 7●2 mans desire vnsatiable , 6●3 why we haue it not , 760 Despaire , and remedie against it , 8●9 Diet , 10 charitable iudgements of professors in cases of desperation , 400 their iudgement to be left to God , ibid. D●●t , 10 Differēce between persons & callings , 49● D●ligence to serue God , 55 D●sobedience , 3●0 Discipline of the ancient Church , 768 842 Discretion necessary therein , 84● Dispraise , 10 Distraction frō a good matter , & the cause of it . 10 Diuine , ● . things make a good diuine , 410 D●uell ▪ how he may hurt , 2 how he tempteth and accuseth ▪ ●04 his subtilty , 7●4 his strength , 7●0 of diuers names giuen vnto him , 845 Doctrine , 772 three rules to examine it by 11 false doctrine infections , 491 Dreames , the causes & vse of them , 10 , 326 Dulnes and deadnes , 10. causes of it , 6 ▪ 30 273. 496. 584. how to auoid it , 160. 662 329 the most perfect earhly things are imperfect , & shall haue an end . pag : 4●2 E ECclesiastes , a briefe summe of it , 628 Education of children , See children . Elders , 352 Election , 719 Elect , their priuiledge , 782 Enmitie , 798 the way to ouercome our enemies , 464 rules to be obserued when wee pray against them . 512 Enuie , 732 Error , 817 Examination of our sins , 101 , of our selues , 31 , 284 1●7 . 642 671. 703. Example , 247 , 249 ▪ 263 , 268 , 96 , 632 , vse of example , 9 666 , how farre to bee followed , 11 720 721 Excommunication , what it is , and how dangerous to despise , 842 discretion required therein , 843 who were excommunicated in the ancient Church , 792 Exercises of religion publike , 11 75 priuate , 158 498 the vse & benefit thereof , 6●3 to strengthen iudgment , to whet affection , 19 778 to whom vnprofitable , 241 498 wherefore the Lord doth no more blesse publike exercises , 498 Exhortation , Legall , Euangelicall , 3●9 Experience . 11 Bucharist , what we eate and drinke therein , and how , 192 why , 193 examination before , and the reasons thereof , 187 Eye of idlenesse 676 Eyes , the gouernement of them 671 677 not gouerned , how hurtfull , 792 5● the vanitie of them , 416 F FAlling , the childe of God may fall , 13 the strongest may fall , 761 Familie , what care is to be had of it , 12 278 the whole familie punished for the sinne of the master . 684 Familie of Loue. 453 Famliaritie with the wicked , forbidden , punished ▪ 492 Fasting 8. no set time for it , 135. publike fast . 152. How expedient in our Time , 151. the austeritie of the Fathers in it . 653. Humilitie therein required , 674 Fauour of God , 682. found in affliction , 687. to be sought more then the fauour of men , 686 Faires on the Sabbath day , 165 Faith , 11. what it is , 81. How needfull , 12. 484. faith worketh , 588. triall of it , 640. 814. How the faith of Gods children differeth from the vaine imaginations of the wicked , 492. the triall of our Faith , when God delayes to performe his promises , 508. decay of it , 176. 510. Eclipse of it , 265. the life secret , 54. without feeling . 655. 662. faith only iustifieth , 86. want of faith , and of a good conscience , make many barren in good things , 464. Spirit of faith , 484 faithfull , how farre they are saide to be wise , 461 Feare : Three kindes of feare , 682 : properties of it , 683. godlie feare , 248. 528. 3●3 . 353. 55. difference of the godly and wicked therein , 31. 53. immoderate feare , 504. 13. 504. scrupulous feare , 1●5 . false feare , 857 fewe men trulie fearing . 491 Feastings 14. on the Sabbath day , hazard soules , 168 Feeling , 1. 6. 12. 40. 273. 286. 679. 777. 804. 481. vnder the crosse , 27. of the forgiuenes of sinnes , 254. of a spirituall g●ace , 655. Dauid lost it , 248. 866 867. of wants , 507 Figures , 132 Fire , the properties thereof . 244 Flesh , what it is , 289. 224. how it must be kept vnder , 808. combat betweene it and the spirit , 221. 225 Fooles , who be , 625. diuers kindes of follie , 732 Forgetfulnes , the cause of it , 609 , Fornication , 501 See Adulterie . Why God seemeth somtime to forsake his children 397 39● Frailtie to be borne with , 545 Friendship , Rules to bee obserued therein , 14 , with whom it should be made , 624 Friends , not profiting in godlines , 857 Free-will , 477 , 525 Freedome of ioy , and freedome of sorrowes , 484 Fruites , 12 Furies , 589 G GIfts extraordinary , 15. of the spirit , 694 Glorie , vaine . 273 God , his patience & mercie , 694 , his countenance , 544. to see & feele it , 662 two notes of his goodnesse , 847. three notes of his fauour , 680 his works , 748 his Temple , 804 his iudgements , ●●● no flying from it , 6●8 his Anger and wrath , 696 his word , the power and priuiledge thereof , 8●8 his prouidence , 466 850 Godlines , 533 hard to come to 466 the mirrour of it , 525 true godlinesse and religion to be preferred before all worldlie things , 383 two speciall things to attaine true godlinesse , 466 godlie often troubled with vnbeliefe , 495 Blasphe ▪ mers of the godly , 3. ●orts , 419 Good name , 264 261 259 Good workes , 15 See Workes . Gospell , what it is , 72 88 772 824 the triall of our loue to it , 766 ▪ contempt thereof punished , 649 ●24 How it is said to kill , 20 Grace , 649 692 decay of Gods graces how dangerous , 15 what miserie grace doth free vs from , 38 what good things it maketh vs to enioy , 381 the fruites and effects thereof , 381 382 the price of Grace , Ibid. the rarenesse of it , 382 the continuance of it , ibid. Hee which is once in the estate of Grace ▪ shall bee in the same for euer , 398 how God takes away one grace from his seruants , and puts another in the roome thereof , ibid. Griefe , 25 7●8 522 for sinne , 15 242 for other mens sinne , 457 good to bee grieueed , 102 681 griefe , because wee cannot grieue , 194 Gripings fallen in the bodie , 2 H HArdnes , 716 79● the cause thereof , 16 57 two kinds thereof , 255 a great plague , 718 to haue a feeling thereof is good , 681 Haruest , 165 Haste to doe good things , 36 800 too great haste hurtfull . 2●1 Hatred of sinne . 320 Health not to attribute it to Physicke . 639 Hearing of the Word . 72. the best hearing . 708. how wee must heare , 196. 34● . preparation thereto , 709. 53. profite thereby . 59. how manie sorts of hearers , and what to bee obserued therein . 834. 835 Heart , 1● . 5. 271. 115. two causes of watching ouer it . 24. nourishing of euill in the heart . 171. fainting of it . 6●1 . circumcision of it . 70● . In of●ering our selues to Gods seruice , wee must search and digge deepe into our hearts , 387. Fiue marks of an vpright heart 387. 388. he must haue a sound heart , that would haue sound happines 38● . The description and properties of a sound heart , 386. 415. 416 Hell ; the t●rmens of it . 658. 695 Helpe in neede . 728 Heresie , ●7 . 45● . 471. dangerous , 720 why men detest it not , 472 Here●ikes , 529. how different from Christians . 54. Ciuill conuersation of heretikes , 454. They are discouered by the crosse , 455. why so fewe heretikes conuerted , 467 Holie Ghost , of the sending of it , 216 See Spirit . Hope . 497. 754 Humilitie , 18. 796. 467. true , 28● . in the godlie , 269 ▪ a speciall grace , 825 86● . from whence , 8●0 . the meanes of it two ●34 . 3●5 . want of it hindereth in godlinesse , 520. phantasticall . 270 Hypocrisie , 19. 140. 574. grosse , and close , 266. Markes , 717. vn●ased 8●0 . Triall of it . 44. kindes , 202. how it differeth from godlines , 715 Hypocrites , God hath a quarrell against them , 386. hee loathes their seruic●s . ibid. they liue in continuall danger , ibid. I I Dolatrie , occasions of it to bee a●oyded , 220. Idlenesse is occasion of sinne , 646. of st●alth . 78 Iealousie godlie ouer our selues , a thing most necessarie . 510 Iests , 20. foolish ●estings . 52 Ignorance of the people , must make the Ministers warie . 209. 15● . of old age , 685. cause of disobedience , 733 : the Saints bewaile it . 501 Ignorance a cause to humble vs , 475. wilfull ignorance and voluntarie perdition . 473 Ignorance and error differ , 869 Imaginations if rouing dangerous , 467 Impatiencie , 7. 8. the cause of it , 704. a good meditation against it . 674 Impenitencie , , the causes of it . 781 Impietie discouered . 764 Impudencie , how it commeth , 79● . of our time . 848 Incredulitie in Gods children , 537 Infidels haue no good name . ●61 Infirmities , to see , and to bee grieued for them , 727 Iniurie how to beare . 727. what are to be borne . 730 Iudgement , 727. what strengthen it , 19 how to attaine to it , 175. who are hastie therein , 202. corrupt iudgement , 466. day of iudgment , 648. 657. how it is said to be neere , 658. sudden , 7●8 three things in it . 65● . consideration of them , 469. foure reasons approuing Gods iudgements to bee good , 414. iudgement for the word of God , 406 a visible iudgement of God , 501 Iusticiaries , 103 Iustification by Faith , 678. 848. Arguments of it , 243 Iustice two Courts of it , 679 Ioy , 323. true , 46. sweete . 986. of a good conscience . 693. to the Worde , 14. tryall thereof , 16. it may be lost , 248. Difference of the godlie and godlesse therein , 31. Two kindes of it , 725 Ioy of saluation how great , 293 ▪ to labour for it , 294. two sortes of ioyes in receiuing of the Word , 294 K KIngdome diuerslie taken , 287. none shall appeare in it , which make not an entrance on Earth , 289. What must be solde before wee can possesse it , 302. Kingdome of CHRIST how to know where it is , 221 Keyes of the Kingdome committed to all Ministers . 288 Knowledge . 664. ●4 general . 20. their knowledge pur●lind that either know little , or knowing neuer so much doe practise nothing : 474. to what end God giueth knowledge : 410. the vse and abuse of knowledge , ibid. true , where and how to finde it . 6●4 . wrought by the Spirit , 229. how confirmed , 498. sinnes after it : 10● . to sinne against it a tempting of God : 8●6 . why wee profit not thereby : 196. corrupt kindes of it . 721 Knowledge ministeriall . 453 L LAw of God : 138. what it is : 72. why giuen to all : 132. morall and naturall differ : 154. morall before Moses : 829. morall and ceremoniall how abrogated : 133. how to be preached : 59. difference of the Law and the Gospell . 889 Learne what a christian should specially desire to learne , 396 : and where , ibid. League none with the wicked . 611 Libertie to take heede vnto it . 10● , 457 outward libertie brings inward bondage . 468 Libertines against them . 380 Lies . 659 Life , and the shortnes of it , 659 : it is but the present time . 660 Light refused for darknesse . ●73 Loue , a true token of it , 14 , 520 , of God , 113 , 695 , 4●4 ▪ 545 , of our brethren , 685 of the word , 87 , 766 ▪ arguments of our loue to God , 454 , 456 , natural loue must giue place to heauēly loue , ibid. we may not loue that best which the world esteemes best , 516 , to loue God onely as wee bee taught in his word , 49● , duties of loue , 160 , how to loue best , 516 , how to loue superiours equall and inferiours . 120 Loue of the creatures hinder , 20. carnall loue . 637 Lust , remedies against it . 635 M MAdnes , the cause of it . 20 Magistrates how they may winne the peoples fauour , 260 , they must be men of wisedom , 38 , haue a care of Gods glory , pray for the people , 778 , their sinne most dangerous , 79● , si●s of the people cause euill Magistrates . 53 Markes of Gods children , 25 , See children of God. M●riners that s●ile on the Sabbath . 164 Matrimonie , notes to know whether it be of God , 20 , consent of parents , 21 , choise in it , 742 , the spousage before knowne by the light of nature , 122 , the end of it . 806 Meanes , 27 , of saluatiō , 42 ▪ all good meanes must ●e vsed , 615 , ●70 , we ought to attend thereō 736 , neglect therof a tempting of God , 674 , by what meanes wee draw to God , 690 , to keepe vs from sin . 7●8 , the vertue & power of the meanes in God , 844 , meanes of least shew bring greatest graces . 290 Mediatour who it is , 80 , how dangerous to appeare before God without him . 694 Mediocritie . 29 Meditation , 615 ▪ 159 , 574 , 564 , in labour , 4 , how we be hindred therein , 10 , commodities of it , 22. rules for it , 23. of Christ his death : 19● , of death in or on the word , 450. to redeeme the time for it . 471 Meditation must be continued , 459 : we will alwaies meditate & thinke on the things we loue . 459 Melancholy : Satan and it disquiet afflicted soules . 257 Memorie : helpes for it , 23 , ●5 : 447 Mercie , 209 : of God ▪ 9 ▪ 522. the rich mercy of God to the faithfull , in opening their eyes when many millions are left in darkenesse and miserie . 503 : it is either in giuing or forgiuing : 697 , to the poore : 69● : how it worketh in the wicked , 247 : to whom the mercies of God are dear● . 782 Merit . 509 Messengers of God how they binde and loose : 877 , must be prepared for trouble . 747 ▪ their euill life , how dangerous . 752 messengers of Satan within vs. 306 Minde 52 , cast downe : 95 , distempered . 482 Ministers ▪ 24. the necessitie of thē . ●39 . ●40 the vse whereunto they are appointed 341. their dutie , first to reade and studie . 342. secondly to teach the word . ●43 how , where , & what he must teach . 344 when , 345. to pray for himselfe and the people , 345. thirdly , hee ought to liue a godly life , ●46 . fourthly , hee ought to teach priuately , as well as publikely ▪ 347 how a Minister may ●●●e , 347. Miniets the porters of heauen , 288. meanes to bring vs to Christ. 288 Ministers and Auditors are not alwaies alike . 448 Ministerie . 24 , 646 , the haste of young men to it . 24 , the dignitie of it . 747 , the necessitie of it , 340. whether a man may desire it , 52. negligent in it , 752 : 790 : sufficiencie for it , 546 : couetous in it . 735 Miracles giuen in mercy and in iudgement . 736 Mirth , 25 : the way to godly mirth . 724 Morall and Ceremoniall , 132. See Law. To know things morall and ceremoniall . 138 Mortification goe together with remission of sinne . 105 Mother , 76 : three good mothers breeds three euill daughters . 830 Motions secret vnto sinnes , 108 : the spirit restraines euill motions , 89 : the godly are not free from euill motions , 681 : we must watch ouer them , 703 : the first motion to sinne must be crucified in vs. 467 , why so few good motions come to vs , 522 : sudden motions to good . 476 Motes : what sinnes are called motes , and what beames . 632 Multitude to follow is dangerous . 704 Murmuring , the policie of Satan therein . 26 : how common in our daies , 249. remedies against it , ●51 : 758. how readie we are in our daies to murmure . 815 N NAme , good name how pretious , 259 260. See good name . Nature good and euil , 29 : natural men measure others by thēselues . 715 : they count all spirituall things as paradoxes . 457 Necessitie two kindes thereof . 166 Neighbour , who is our neighbour . 79 O OBedience what it is , 50 : to the word , 826. it must be free , 44 : triall of it . 544 : strict obedience to be laboured for , 292. popish obseruations and workes of supererogation in the point of obediēce confuted . 393 Occasion of euil must be auoided . 25 : 263 Offences , 721 : 47 , 74 , 90 , 702. small sinnes great offences . 727 Oppression . 780 Order necessarie in all things . 833 Othes . 75 : 476 P PApists , 3 , 673 , disquieted in minde . 96 rest in the worke wrought . 689. neuer felt the power of Christ his grace . 787 popish obiections against the Gospell , 802 , popish superstition . 455 Papists goe beyond carnall Protestants in outward things . 805 , 455 How papists follow Peter : 483. papists may not be spared for their ciuill honestie . 455 Popish Doctors of reason . 520 Parēts immoderate loue , 2● : follie , 258 : for what cause the Lord afflicteth parents in their children , 277 : their consent in mariage , 743 : consideration in correcting their children . 798 Pastors , the ●inne of the flocke their sinne 259. their office 772. See ministers . Patience : 6●9 , 759 , 56● : triall of it , 25 , properties of it , 254 : vnder the crosse , 761 768 : the vse of Gods patience . 694 Pe●ce three-fold , 7 , of minde , 97 , of conscience , 209 : false peace , ibid. of the wicked 6●0 , of the Church . 542 People their dutie to their Magistrates , 76 to their Ministers . 349 Perfection , God lookes not for it at our hands . 390 Periurie , how men fall into it . 333 Persecution , 670 , popish persecution how great . 791 Perseuerance , 496 , 694 , 721 , 116 , in the vse of the meanes , 15 , 764 , a sure triall both of knowledge and faith . 510 P●ruert , who they be that peruert others . 730 Physition , properties of him . 794 Pittie , who are to be pittied . 25 Plague , 79● , boldnes and fearefulnes in it . 2 extremities , 104 , plague threatned . 790 for the contempt of the word . 513 A perfume for christiās against the plague . 444 Pleasure , 653 , 734 , how we may take pleasure , 726 , vse of it with restraint , 7 , 9 , of sinne . 323 Pollution , the polluted person polluteth all things . 189 Policie of the world euill . 838 Polygamie . 586 Posteritie , care thereof . 798. Iehosaphat punished in his posteritie . 462 Posts on the Sabbath . 165 Pouertie the cause and vse of outward want . 26 Poore , 261 , zealous in defence of them . 258 , poore in godlines , 784 , collections for them on the Sabbath . 161 Praise . 27 , 733 , 749 Preaching , with prayer before & after . 272 the power therof , 283 , 708 , sincere bring men to Christ , 139 , needfull by sea , 164 distinguished from catechizing , 664 , the onely meanes to worke faith , 690 , 346 173 Preachers how they winne fauour , 8●1 how they should carrie themselues , 358 247 , a true marke of a faithfull Preacher , 375 : See Minister . Prayer , 2 , 38 , when to pray , 26 : to offer vp our prayers to God albeit in perplexitie of spirit wee know not how to pray , 484 publike for the sicke , 34 , want of it cause want of faith , 177 , what it is 90 , a remedy in temptation , 873 , how it is hard , and what doth season it , 507 , 619 , how profitable , 776 , motiues thereunto , 777 , the more grace a man hath , the more need he hath to pray , 46 , 47 , it is the best sacrifice , 8● , priuate prayer ▪ necessarie , 501 , rules for prayer , 562 , 563 , it must be ioyned with the word , 775 , ●36 , with faith and knowledge , 711 , it must be seruent , 56 , wee must stirre vp our selues in prayer : 84 : how to pray against enemies : 5●● : rules thereof ibid. how many waies God heareth our prayers : 409 : why God heareth not our prayers alwaies at the first ibid. in the soule , 317 , what the Lord requireth of vs therein , 237 , hard to performe , 238 , circumstances in prayer , 240 , taken for the whole worship of God. 8●9 Predestination , 764 , popish . 770 Preferments how often bestowed . 668 Preparation to holy exercises . 709 Presumption a remedie against it . 40. what it is , 141 , two waies of presuming , 765 difference betweene it and faith . 622 Pride , 212 , 4●0 , how it is corrected , 34 , priuie pride , 269 , it consumes many good gifts , 80 , it is the last sinne , 306 , it is in foure things , 711 , spirituall pride . 272 Profession double , 801 , verball . 819 Promise , 12● , Gods promises vnder the Gospell , 481 , Gods promises ought to stirre vs to obedience , 753 , ●81 , how hard to rest on Gods promises . 490 Prophets why called Seers , 6●7 , what prophecie is , 7●0 , the dutie of a Prophet , 771 , three kindes of false Prophets , 771 prophecies tried , & notes betweene the true and false Prophets , 772 , what they respected in their teaching . 519 Prophanenes . 54 Pro●perity hath no feeling of good things , 27 , not to desire it too greedily , 272 , in it to think on aduersitie , 710 , 766 , it should draw vs neere vnto God , 770 , it is dangerous vnto some . 116 Protestants most bound to good workes , 827 , ignorant , 807 , carnall Protestants , 70● , 464 , 4●5 , false Protestants . 119 Prouidence , ●●● , 184 , 4●6 ▪ 5●● , 316 , faith in it is a remedie against murmuring , 252 it is generall and particular , 253 , in it is a trial of our faith , 644 it is admirable , 677 the worldlings know it not , 731 , how to depend on it , 774 : God in his prouidence wil watch ouer vs : 486 : God is iust in it : 5●5 : how great it is towards mā ▪ 850 Seuerall punishments for seuerall sins . 500 R RAce , how the Race of Christianitie is ●unne by Christians . 413 Reading : 38 : ioyned with preaching : 15● publikely : 225 : directions for the reading of Scriptures : 174 : 175 : 176 : who should reade Scripture . 6●4 Reason naturall is against faith : ●43 : 645 18● : it must be renounced : 298 : to fight with it a hard matter : 299 : how to striue against it . 467 : 4●7 Rebuking of sinne : 257 : who ought to be reproued . 633 Reconciliation . 798 Recreation : 169 : on the Lords day vnlawfull . 839 , 840 Regeneration : 6 : good natures doe not further it , nor euill natures hinder it : 29 : it can neuer be vtterly lost : ●45 : feeling of sinne an earnest thereof : 11● ; farre more excellent than our first creation : 4● : meditations of the regenerate : 453 : 482 how wonderfull it is , 803 : strife in the regenerate . 785 Relapse , cautions obserued therein , 13 , 58● the state of men after it , 249 , how to rise againe . 64● Religion , not to haue it in respect of persons , 119 , we must not be of a darke religion , 801 , a singular grace to loue it whē it is commonly hated , 515 , triall of it 803 , better to be religious than seeme , 305 , to be truely religious is to haue the meanes in due estimation . 384 Religion is the way to happines , pag. 380 Religion corrupt , life cānot be vncorrupt , 454 , the true religious and irreligious discerned in temptations . 455 Remedies against troubles of minde . 102 See conscience afflicted . Against vncleane lusts . 635 Remission of sinne and mortification . 105 See pardon . Repentance , 282 , what it is , how to begin it and to continue it : 281 : 282 : 283 : 284 285 : 286 : 6 7 : 87 : notes of it : 780 : it must be speedie and continued : 781 : it is the gift of God : 782 : fruites of it : 796 : the necessitie of it : 46 : 48 : 61 : late repentance . 799 Reports euill , the vse that is to be made of thē 64 : 65 : how an euill report should be staied : 161 : how it should be borne : 652 : two occasions of euill reports : 266 false reports the vse of them . 267 Reproches , trials in it . 29 Riches , 624 , no argumēts of Gods fauour , 251 , the nature of them & how they are thornes , 643 , their vse , 644 , they haue two ends , 735 , their abuse , 783 , how to haue earthly and heauenly riches , 784 the vnworthie possession of them daungerous . 78● Righteous markes of a righteous man. 613 118 , 680 , 839 : See Iustification . Rule for a man to examine himselfe . 516 Restitution 78 Resurrection , 252 , 178 , cōforts arising frō it : 85 : few doe truely beleeue it , 180 , of the rest of Enoch and Eliah : 180 : Gods iudgement and mercy require it . 183 Reuelation ordinary or extraordinarie . 770 Reuenge , 68● , remedie for it , 727 , against desire of reuenge . 481 S SAbbath , inconueniences and commodities in keeping it , 128 , how it is prophaned , 138 , what it is to sanctifie it , 132 809 , when first ordained , 133 , not a signe onley , 134 , no ceremonie , yet rest as needfull for vs as for the Iewes , 132 , a Sabbath daies iourney : 14● : workes of the Sabbath : 144 : prophaning of it in haruest , 146 , the speciall vse to remember three benefits , 156 , priuate exercises before and after the publike , 157 , 158 workes forbidden on the Sabbath , 162 whether all callings ought to rest , 306 609 , &c. the breach of it punished , 810 8●9 , meanes for the sanctification of it . Ibid. Sacramēts , 30 , 687 , 825 , in time of the Law had two ends , 133 , neglect & contempt punished with death , 787 , sacramentall phrases , why vsed . 788 We renew our couenant so oft as we come to the Sacrament . 478 Sacriledge of our time to be spokē against . 749 Sadnes , 29 , not to be sad . 782 Saffron not to be gathered on the Sabbath . 167 Saluation , 36 , notes thereof , 171 , the golden chaine therof , 207 , ioy thereof how great , 293. See Ioy. A desire thereof , 610 assurance , see Assurance . Sanctification euident tokens thereof , 13 241 , 246 , 247 , it cannot be vtterly lost , 245 , how wonderfull , 803 , it must not be of one part , 80● , it must be continuall . 806 Sathan is maister of all sinners , ●9● , their seruices to him , & their reward for their seruice ibid. Satan and his practises , 35 , 796 , 55 , ●11 , ●12 in temptation , ●99 ▪ hee is a Surgeon to cure the faithfull , 618 , how to answere him in temptation , 111 , 112 , Sathan and melancholie disquiet afflicted soules , 86● , 868 , how he fighteth , 90 , his policie 801 , of diuers names giuen him in scripture . 845 Schisme . 39 , 37 , 647 , 796 Scorners , who are scorners . 623 , 112 , ●01 Scripture , a generall rule concerning it . 153 directions for reading of it publikely in the Church , 173 , priuatly euery day , 174 generall obseruations for it , 7● , abused , 757 , the certaintie of it , ●71 , scripture for a weake conscience , 854 , ap● similitudes for all degrees therein , 844 , why we profit not in them . 519 Secret corruption threatneth a downfall , 103 , hindreth successe in good actions . 27 , comfort for Gods children when they feele it . 681 Carnall securitie . 46● Securitie a forerunner of grosse sinne , or of some crosse , euē the causes of it , 30 , how daungerous , 274 , 116 , 659 , 79● , in publike calamities : 767 : a signe of securitie , 792 , heresie or prophanenes like to folfow it . 586 Seeking of God. 836 Sermons , ●6 , twice on the Sabbath . 563 Seruāts , their maisters dutie . 163 , 177 , their dutie to their maisters . 784 Shame and shamefastnes . 851 Shepheards and heardsmen . 306 Sicknes in minde how cured , 5 , 794 , all are sicke , 793 , their impatiencie to be borne with : 7 : rules for them : 34 : to visit the sicke : 275 : what they should doe in their sicknes . 640 , 715 Signe of grace , 170 , how it differeth from a figure . 138 Silence in meetings not good , 5 , not too strict . 64● Similitudes of things naturall and better knowne applied to things diuine , and lesse knowne vnto vs , 11 , 12 , 15 , 16 , 18 20 , 21 , 29 , 4● , 4● , 244 , 245 , 247 , 262 , 264 285 , 613 , 100 , ●52 , 162 , 164 , 166 , 174 874 , 875 , 876 , 877 , 294 , 265 , 636 , 640 651 , 652 , 655 , 656 , 659 , 661 , 673 , 676 682 , 685 , 689 , 693 , 7●4 , 710 , 713 , 717 752 , 722 , 776 , 785 , 79● , 793 , 802 , 809 813 , 819 , 822 , 829 Simplicitie godly . 715 Sinceritie . 161 , 209 Sinne , to finde out specialll sinnes : 5 : and to confesse them : 10● : 484 : cause of it within vs , 30 , in what respect worldlings leaue it : 616 : fearefull to make a sport of it : 626 secret sinnes : 37 : 262 : 272 : 610 : 5●1 : secret sinnes not repented of : 461 : sinnes not equal : 631 : euery sinne hath two reasons for it : 670 : the death of it in the faithful : 682 : first motions of sinne must be crucified : 467 : particular sight and loathing of speciall sins : 475 : wisedome of Gods children to preuent sin : 514 : of three things which may keepe vs from it : 697 : two heads of many sinnes : 703 ripenes in sins : 712 : foure companions of sin : 7●0 : the cause of the losse of many blessings : 786 : dominion of it : 527 : 528 : presumptuous sinnes : 852 : to leaue sinne and to repent : 85● : differ : 858 : to leaue it not sufficient : 304 : sinne of apostacie , and fiue reasons to disswade therefrom . 627 A maruellous great prerogatiue to be freed from the bondage of sinne , 90 , we must deale with our sinnes as the iudge doth with malefacters . 4●9 Singing of Psalmes with feeling . 30 Sleepe , triall therein . 36 Slothfulnes . 1 Sobrietie at all times required , 769 , 214 , Societie , 14 , of the wicked ought to be shu● ned , 610 , 612 , ●93 , Gods children how sweete . 458 Sophistrie of the diuell . 734 Sorrow , two extremities in it , 16 , not to delay sorrow for sin , 29 , worldly , 265 , godly sorrow , 282 , signes of it , 284 , it must be continued , 286 , it is the way to heauen , 285 , foolishly put off . 95 Soule the consumption thereof , 4●7 , starued . 846 , 847 Speech , good in meetings required of dutie , 647 , to speake pleasing things and serue the time . 750 Spirit of God comes by the word , 12 , two workes thereof , 13 , singularitie of spirit , 37 , religion vnprofitable to those that want the spirit , 241 , precepts of not quenching the spirit , 242 , testimonie of it , 875 , of faith , 484 , of cheerefulnes . 556 Spirituall man must haue an alteration , 42 Superstition , 35 , 41 , it breaketh off loue in all estates , 801 , popish superstition described . 345 Surmises euill against others . 263 , 666 Swearing . 659 , 790 Swine who be . 455 T TO be taught of God , 469 , temptation , 37 , 702 , 47 , when and how it breeds , 39 , wee must not yeeld in it , 865 , 866 , how to know whether wee be tempted , 816 , why many are ouertaken therewith , 300 , how we conspire with Sathan therein , 876 , how God tempteth vs , 813 what it may teach vs , 874 , resistance of it a signe of grace , 874 , dispute not with Sathan . 874 Terrors of minde sudden . 48 Thanksgiuing , 812 , of al sacrifices most acceptable , 40 , 483 , to God for feeding our soules : 177 : it was a chiefe exercise of Dauid . 458 , 459 How a Christian may say vnto the Lord , I am THINE . 449 Thoughts euill , resting in the minde how dangerous : 267 : why Gods children are often exercised therewith : 27● : euill thoughts on the Sabbath depriue vs of the fruit of Gods worship , 171 , two kinds of thoughts , 704 , what Satan doth suggest into men : 748 : Conscience of thoughts . 543 Theefe on the crosse : 794 : notes & markes of faith in him . 693 Time , the ●ithe of it to Gods worship . 1●5 To redeeme it for good meditations . 471 Tinder , the efficacie of it in our nature . 676 Trauelling on the Sabbath . 167 Tree of life , Adam had it for a signe . 133 Troubles necessarie to feele them for foure causes . 439 Two things sustaine vs in our troubles . 508 Trust. 29. to trust onely in God. 494 Truth how we ought to speake it . 622 Truth and peace go together : 728 : how God punisheth such as receiue not the truth in loue , 802 , 3. kinds of truths . 818 V VAnitie both of life and religion is deceit . 501 Vertue , two speciall fruites of it . 260 Visitation of the sicke . 275 Vnbeleefe , the godly often troubled with it . 95. why we see it not . 5●7 . how it is shewed vs. 549 Vngodlines . 41 Vnmercifulnes how great a sinne . 837 Vnthankfulnes , 41 , punished , 269 , cause of it . 678 Vse of the creatures . 41 , 813 Vaine-glorie . 518 Why God visiteth his dearest sernants . 445 Visions how farre to be beleeued . 41 Vowes rash , 822 , what a vow is , 477 , two things hinder vs from holy vowes , 478 to vow against drunkennes . 479 Vowes in baptisme must be remēbred . 477 against Whoredome , Ibid. 41. Vowes in holy purposes . 397 Vsurie . 41 Vulgus how it may be taken . 667 W WAiting on God , properties thereof . 17 Wan● to lament it in others . 457 Wantonnes ends in wickednesse . 727 , 799 468 Watchfulnes , 703 , 527 , two causes of watching ouer our hearts . 616 , 304 Way , in it three things to be considered , 703 , euill way , two things to be considered therein . 416 The way of lying what it is , 411 , why it is so called ibid. the good way must be chosen ibid. Wearines in good things . 531 , 453 Warfare of a Christian. 531 , 29● , 298 Description of a wicked man , and why he is so called ▪ 450 , 451 Wicked , their societie to be auoided , 610 how they walke in sinne and know it not 614 , the diuell helpes them in meditation , 463 , punished . 699 Wickednesse and wantonnesse . 468 Wife , how the husband should gouerne her . 124 Will free , 525 , how accepted for the deede . 61 Wisedome how to hold it fast , 609 , what it is , 625 , 99 , how the faithfull are wise , 124 461 , our owne wisedome to be suspected . 57 Difference betweene true and false wisedome . 414 , 415 Wits , the diuell chuseth the best for his seruice . 62 Witchcraft , 468 , aduertisement against it , 42 , how cured : 822 : consulting with witches is to aske counsell of the diuell . 578 ( 581 Wonders to beware of . 822 Word of God : 649 : 549 : preparation to heare it : 42 : true arguments of Loue thereto : 453 : the power of it : 282 : 283 857 : it is a treasure and hidden : 289 : few loue it therefore : 290 : wherfore so many neglect the word : 462 : how it is found before it be sought : 291 : famine of it : 791 : loue to it : 440 : 5●4 : 44● : it is necessarie for safe direction : 475. to keepe it in a good conscience bringeth wisedome : 466 : it yeelds most profit , pleasure and glory : 457 : whole felicitie therein : 470 direction thereof safe : 475 : why Gods word is wonderfull : 410 : it neuer deceiueth : 501 : hard to beleeue it : 508 : sixe meanes to profit by it : 173. 174 : &c : with out it no faith : sacrament or repentance : 237 : three questions of the operation of it : 857 : a good note of our loue to the word wherein it consisteth : 470 : a true marke thereof , 471 , generall plagues for the contmpt thereof . 513 Words idle and euill prophane the Sabbath . 170 World : 43 : their iudgement of the godly : 262 : the loue of it : 721 : in what respect it loueth s●nne : 616 : how farre it fauoureth the Gospell . 820 Workes : 15 : 826 : two rules of good works : 〈◊〉 the reward is of mercie , not of merit : ●●7 : motiues thereunto : 827 : they are necessarie for all : 828 : workes without warrant are works of darkenes : 475 : why good workes are to be done . 838 Worship , God requireth the vse of the body as well as the soule in it . 808 : 147 : wil-worship condemned . 810 , 826 Wrath , what sinne brings i●● 651 how to speake of the wrath of God : 696 how great it is . 197 Y YOuth , the sinnes thereof : 100 : vnbridled affections thereof , & how dangerous : 636 : 726 : it is dissolute : 637 : it being spent in vanitie , commonly ends old age in prophanenesse : 464 : Sathan laboureth especially to poyson it : 653 : it must renounce pleasure : 800 : it is blessed of God. 465 Z ZEale , properties of true zeale , & rules of it . 255. 256. 829. 830. 50. 542. 543 &c. triall of it . 653. 814. incident to all , 517. diuers kinds of it . 541. zeale of the flesh . 46● . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A02178-e240 Or Posthumes . Luk. 1 3. 2 Ioh. 1. Notes for div A02178-e400 Prou. 10. 21. Ephes. 4. 13. Intemperantiae genus est . Seneca lib. 13. epist. 89. Non discentes necessaria , quia superuacua didicerunt . Seneca . In his Schoolmaster . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Hip. lib. 1 ▪ Aphor. 1. Pro. 25 11. Cypr tract 4. de Idolor ▪ va●it . Magnum esse solem Philosophus probabit , quantus sit Mathematicus , qui vsu quodam , & exercitatione procedit : sed vt procedat , impetranda illi quaedam princifia sunt . Sen lib. 13 Epist. 89. In his Apologie . In the same Booke . D. Lopes . Noct●s Attic● Gellius & Phauorinus . Da mihi M●strum . In his Epistle before his notes on the Reuelation . M. Hopkins . He knew right well the Poets wittie counsell : Vos ò Pompilius sanguis carmen reprehendite , quod ●●n multa dies & multa litura coercuit , atque perfectum decies non castigauit ad vnguem . Heb. 9. 14. Rom. 6. 22. Notes for div A02178-e5130 Donat. in vit . Virgil. Gen. 6. 9. Ruth . 2. 20. Luk. 21. 1. 2. 2 Tim. 1. 26. Mat. 25. 34. Notes for div A02178-e5460 Triall of affections . How to labour for knowledge and affection . Naturall affections . When to suspect affectiō . See more in the title of iudgement , sect . 1. Slothfulnes . Feeling . Of sudden gripes and nips in the bodie , and feares in the minde . Prayer . In afflictions to descend into our selues , and to ascend to God. Deut. 30. 1. 2. 3 4. Simile . The diuell cannot hurt vs , till we haue hurt our selues . The crosse doth seale and season Gods graces in vs. Three things in all trials . Publike calamities must affect vs most . Extraordinarie affliction in appearance . See Affections pag. 1. Psal. 91. Heb. 1. A Papist became a ●amii●st and so an Atheist ; and his end . Feare of Atheisme to increase rather than Papisme . The mistiking of our ordinary callings how dangerous . Meditations in labour . Mariage . Entring into a calling without gifts to discharge it . Change of places . Immoderate or distracting cares . Matth. 6. How blinde many be in themselues . A dead silence in meetings . * Iosias hearkened not to the words of Necho , which were of the mouth of God. 2 ▪ Chro. 35. 22. The godly afflicted consciences feare to displease God. A good conscience , how sweet and comfortable Prou. 15. 15. The word cures the conscience . Esay . 28. 16. The true Ministers of Christ neuer cure nor comfort the sicke hastely , as wizards doe . To find out our speciall sinnes . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Faith without feeling . Causes of deadnes of minde . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. How it comes to passe ▪ that Gods graces are more sweete vnto vs at our first entrance into regeneration , than after . A conscience touched for small sinnes . How to proceed in comforting the afflicted . 1 2 3 Our ioy in the holy Ghost we cannot expresse . Philip. 4. Rom. 14. 17. A threefolde pealce . Psa. 41. 1. To beare with impatiencie of the sicke . A sweet consolation for weake consciences , after their often fals . Rom. 11. Simile . To powre forth our griefes into Gods bosome . Not to hide any one of our sinnes . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Fasting . Mariage . Neglects in any occasiō of doing good . The spawne of all sinnes in euery man. A particular faith . Examples . God is most free in his mercie ▪ therfore let no thought of vnworthines ke●pe thee from him ▪ Simile . A measurable feare of death commandable . Wishes of death euill . Maister Greenhams death . Not to iudge of any man according to his state in death . How to profit by dreames . 1. A naturall dreame . 2. A good dreame . 3. An euill dreame . 4. A terrible dreame . Vncleane dreames . See more in the title of Humilitie sect . 2. How we be hindered in godly meditations . Deadnes and dulnes . Rules concerning doctrine drawne from examples in Scripture . 1 2 3 As Nicodemus . Iohn . 3 . Simile . Of starting ioyes and affections to the word which some haue , while they are in the Church . See before of corruption in C. Hard for the rich to beleeue . Simile . Faith sound how needfull . 1. Ioh 5. 4. The spirit comes by the word , Gal. 3. 2. yet is he the first cause of our faith and loue to the word . Smile . Our care for our familie . Feeling . How to distinguish betweene Gods spirit and his graces in vs. Simile . Prayer without feeling . In any case take heede ye draw not carnall ioyes into the place of spirituall ioyes . Two works of Gods spirit . Euident tokens of true sanctification 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 Cautiōs concerning a relapse . 2 3 Immoderate feares . To submit our selues to Gods hād , acknowledging that he may iustly confound vs , yet desiring to meete with his mercies in Christ Iesus . To cherish the feare of God in men . Noscitur ex comite qui nō cogno citur ex se. Psalm . 1. 1 Rules to discerne such as wee recei●e . into our societie . 2 A true token of loue . Societie . Perseuerāce in the vse of the meanes . Extraordinarie gifts . The pollution and pow er of sin . The decay of Gods graces how dangerous . Simile . Three rules to trie our sorrow for the sinnes of other men . 1 2 3 Triall of our ioyes . Two extremities of ioy and sorrow . Simile . Note . Conferre this with the 6. Sermon , concerning the education of Children . Harlots are sooner reclaimed then heretikes . Wee find this true alreadie in our time . 1 Properties of constant waiting on God. 2 3 4 Admonition . 1 how the faithfull must ●ee li●● little children . ●2 1. Pet. 2. 1. 3 Heb : 5. 12. Simile . How the wicked often discouer themselues in their death . Affections . What exercises 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 mē & what f●rre v● affection . Se● Psal. 119 vers . 116. 1 Reasons to labour for increase of iudgement . 2 3 Triall of our ioy . Iests . A generall knowledge . Simile . How the Gospell may be said to kill . Loue the Saints . 1 Notes of an holy mariage 2 3 4 5 6 If our owne heart condemne vs , no man can acquite vs. Simile . See before title of concupiscence . The father to giue his daughter in marriage . Consent of parents . Second mariages not to be hastened . Est mul●er in●amis propter nuptiarum festinationem , si ante annum nubit . In authenticis Iustiniani , collatione quarta de nuptii● . What meditation is . Godly meditation painfull . False feares of m●lancholie . Psal. 119. I am wiser than my teachers . Horat. lib. 1. E●ist . 2 , In v●●ba jura●● mag i●● . Meditation helps memorie . Iosh : ● . 8. 1 Tim : 4. 13. 15. How to helpe our sudden failing of our memorie in preaching the word . The haste of young men to the ministery Mirth . Temptation . 1 How to discerne and discouer the 2 waies of men . 3 Triall of our patience . Some eate vp their hearts with griefe . Cause of outward wants . Murmuring . Cōtentation . The simple preaching of Christ. 1. Cor. 2. 2. 3. 2. Cor. 4. 5. 6. 7. Hypocrisie . Preachers must be farre from wrath . 1. Tim. 2. 22. The corrupt actions of the body proceed from the corrupt affections of the soule . To attend the holy ministerie and Preaching of the word . Prayer in the night . Prayer in the day . To see our infirmities and wāts in prayer , and to be grieued for them . Iames , 5. Secret corruptions may hinder successe in good actions . Immoderate loue of parents . Feelings most vnder the crosse . 2. Cor. 12. 9. Meanes . The long prosperitie of the Church . Rules for admonition . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A louing admonition . What to consider in reprouing both little and great sinnes . How vnwilling wee be to accept an admonition . Motiues to practise admonition . Simile . Neuer trust him that will conceale a sin in vs. Simile . Good & euil natures . Extreame sadnes . To deferre sorrowing for some one sinne vnto the more generall accounting time , who dangerous . Triall of our hearts in reproches . A mediocritie . A triall of the rich mans faith . Delayes . Triall of our dulnes . 1 2 3 4 5 Change of place and calling . 6 7 8 9 Affection and feeling in singing Psalmes . Cause of sin within vs , occasions without vs. Sins be linked and chained one in another . Heb. 3. 12. 13. Simile . The triall of our state against any one speciall sinne often assailing vs. To know our speciall sinne . How the godly feare sinne more thē externall crosses How the godly & godlesse differ in their ioyes and feares . Note . True remedies against deadnes and au●es . Christ is our wisedome . Christ is our holines . Esa. 11. 3. 4. 5. Christ is our redemption . Note . Spirituall pride . How hard it is to confesse our sinnes to God. Sundrie euasions of sinners . 1 2 3 Admonition . 4 5 6 7 8 9. 10. Discouer & confesse the mother sinne . 1 Consolations against diuers kindes of griefe● . 2 3 4 5 6 Consolation against the feare of our owne vnworthines . Sinne is wounded by prayer , and temptation by resistance . Rules for the sicke . 1 2 3 4 Publike prayers for the sicke . How the Lord corrects the pride of our prosperitie . 1 2 Note . Sathan buffeteth vs two waies . 1 2 Possession . 1. Cor. 6. Ye are not your owne . Prophanenes . Causes of great afflictions . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 The golden chaine of our free election . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 * Or as another copie , is taken of them , that vse violence to come to it . Sermon-sicke . Schismes . Singularitie of spirit . Checke of conscience . Sathan feared in superstition too much , and now in the light too little . The crosses of the faithfull euer take away some drosse from them . To resist our corruption in temptation . Outward temptations . Strange tēptations . Against great temptations . When to manifest our temptations to our brethren . Sathanicall temptations . To be tempted with vnbeliefe and the remedies . 1 Prayer . 2 Reading of the word . 3 Confession . 4 Attend on your calling with patiēce . 5 N●t to reason with our temptations or the diuel . 6 To waite the temptation , and so to offer it vp to God in prayer . 7 Remedie . To be tēpted with worldly shame , and the remedies . 1 2 When and how temptations breed . How Satans temptations follow our affections . One fearing he had sinned against the holy Ghost . Toresist tēptation . Note . Against presumption and dispaire . Faith and feeling . The growth of faith by two meanes . 1 Not to be present at the Masse , or any such superstitious seruice . 2 3 Visions and preaching . Lucrum ex ●●●●o . L●●o●●s puluinarii . Preparatiō to the hearing of the word . 1 2 3 4 Simile . Meanes of saluation . Aduertisements against witchcraft . 1 2 3 4 * Not for that they are good or lawfull , but of blind people so called and reputed . The morning how fit for Gods worship . 1 2 3 4 Note . Simile . 1 2 3 4 5 Preperation to the word and Sacraments . Of profiting in holy exercises . All our power in prayer commeth from the word . Simile . Simile . Hearing the word profitablie . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Meditation and Prayer . Our obedience must be free , not constrained . Triall of Hypocrites . Ceremonies . Pride . Church . Against de●●●●s of repentance . Repentance . Afflictions of the reprobate Afflictions of the elect , before grace , & in grace . Note . Heb. 3. 13. A sweete consolation . Regeneration & repētance , painfull , but very gainfull . Against spirituall pride . Simile . The fountain of the heart . Simile . Death . To loue Christ more then his benefites . Hearing of the word . The loue of the world . Word and Sacraments . Hearing the Word . Carnall Protestants . Loue. Zeale . Triall of our loue to God. Regeneration Regeneration Ioy. Ioy. Loue of the world . Ioy. True ioyes . Gods presence . Repentance . Sinne. Repentance . Affliction . Prayer . Word . To respect future ioyes and griefes . See Psal. 119. Ministerie . Temptation Conference . Regeneration Meditation of Death . Obedience . Vaine-glory . Gods worship A good name Desires . Prayer . Offences . Humiliation . Prouidence . Familie . Repentance . Mercie . Regeneration Creatures . Merit . Temptation . Temptation . Sathanicall suggestions . M●anes . Consession . Hypocrisie . Good things . Prophets . Familiarity . Sinne. Perseuerance . Affection . Repentance . Humilitie . Heresie . Repentance . Persecution . Sudden terrors of mind . Vnthankfulnes . Temptations . Humilitie . Conscience . Securitie . Feeling . Death . Regeneration . Regeneration . Youth . Youth . Temptation . Sanctification . Repentance . Mortification . Hypocrisie . Infirmities . Our spiritual vinion with Christ. Affections . Admonition . Spirits . Goodworks . Obedience . Fauour . Report . Temptation . Mirth . Deceit . Gods hand . Word . Vocation . Affliction . Zeale . Temptation . Godlinesse . Grace . Mercie . Simile . The securitie of the faithfull wandring through all the tribulations of this life . Hebr. 12. 15. Custome . Eye . A cōparison betweene the children of light and darknes . How to examine our selues . Note well . Iudgements . Feare & ioy . Ioy in afflictions . The minde . The pure vse of all blessings . Foolish iesting . Late repentance . Ministerie . The right vse of the creatures . Tit. 1. 15. Rom. 4. Examinatiō . Sinners . The ●●●re of the godly and godlesse how they differ . The sins of the people moue God to punish them with euill gouernours , &c. How Christians should communicate good things . Preparation to the hearing of the word . All our power in prayer commeth from the word . The life of faith very secret , and often hardly discerned . How we must haue not onely a knowledge by the last commandement of our naturall corruption , but also an experience . Prophaning of holy exercises . Note well . Sathans diligence . We must be as diligent to serue the Prince of glorie , as the 〈◊〉 are the Prince of darknes . The 〈…〉 the light law Law ●● Gospell in ●●● ages till Christ came . No thriuing in sinne . The feare of God the strong bridle of the faithfull . The great power of Gods feare . Thankesgiuing . How feruent prayer preuailes with God. A sweete consolation . The heart whose it is by right . A great mercie not to thriue in sinne . Patience . Hardnes of heart . Simile . To suspect our own wisedome in matters of saluation . Diuers infirmities of men Admonition . How can rebuke kindly . A good counsell . Iudgement . To vse well the graces which God hath giuē vs. The generall promises of outward things . 1. Tim. 4. 8 To learne to obserue inward corruption by the outward sense . How some respect neither cursing nor blessing . Sinne how terrible . An experienced faith . Gods prouidence . The Church hath a mixture of good and bad . Simile . Our faith the same with the Fathers . How the law and the Gospel is to be preached . Of profiting by hearing of sermons . Of Gods presence , and how to present our selues before him in his worship . Heb. 11. 26. 27 Differences of sinning in the godly and godlesse . How some can correct the same sin in others which they like in themselues . How many couer sinne by example . What respect God hath to his children , in the execution of his iudgements . A good signe of Gods grace when Gods sweete blessings make vs more free in his seruice . How God accepteth the will in some , for the deede . Of our happy communion with Christ , & how thereby wee haue an assurance of all his insearchable riches . Iustification , & sanctification goe together . If we respect Christ & his Crosse , wee may not continue in the filthines of our sinnes . How sinne dw●lles in the godly . How the diuell chuseth the best wits for his seruice . How many sinnes may lie couered vnder one . How to preserue a tēder conscience , & to keepe our hearts from hardning . How dangerous to reiect grace and light offered . How cōtrary the iudgmēts of the word & worldare . How sinne 〈…〉 the qualitie of the Serpent . The iudgement day of Gods 〈…〉 day of 〈◊〉 redemption . To sit 〈…〉 . Note . ●● . How profitable ●he crosse it . Children and bastards how they differ . Priuie pride . Matth 4. The hearing of the word preached . How corruption ●urneth grace into wantonnes . How our own kindred may hinder vs with God. How to entertaine and loue the Saints . How to labour for contentation if we will profit in godlinesse . How to attaine the measure of blessings which God hath appointed for vs. A good note of our loue to vertue . Not to proceed rashly in iudgement against any man. The ende of the wicked . Prayer . How to cure contention . Prayer . Selfe-loue & selfe-will . Pride . Admonition . Matrimonie Affliction . Doctrine . How troubled mindes feare threatnings . How greatly God is pleased with faith on his prouidence . Admonition . How to put difference betweene persons . The passions of Christ in his death . Obserue well the heart in all things . How the diuell malignes the best . Memorie . Wherefore the Lord bids vs flee Fornication , but re sist the diuell . The zeale of youth and of age . The differēce between our feelings in our first conuersion and afterwards . Simile . Prayer . The end tries all . To be faithfull in our owne busines . Anger . The godly mans peace . Chaplaines . Hardnes . Iudgements . To seeke first the kingdom of God. The Diuels registers . Sound profession . How to hide our treasure . How God rewardeth vs. Not to dwell in sinne . To empty our selues of euery one . Priuate examination and confession . * Or spiritual Differences in sinne . Children regenerate . Affections . Tithe . Studies . A liuely faith . Vehement speeches . Admonition . Death . The cōtempt of the Gospell a signe of wrath . How to respect aduisedly the workes of God. A cōsolation to one afflicted . Iob. 7. 15. Act. 16. 27. * The afflicted must flie idlenes . Sinne. Mirth . Griefe . Vehement speeches . A graue counsell to Ladies . To a man of ciuill life much troubled in minde Teachers . 2. Cor. 1. 3. Ioy & griefe Sabbath . How to ●●rrie our selves in the temptation . Few meanes vsed in truth better than many in ceremonie . Faith and feeling . How God blesseth and directeth the single and simple heart . Isaac was blinde , and so was Iacob . Sinne. Heretikes . To lie in any one sinne how dangerous . To walke vprightly . To thriue in sinne . Deceitfulnes of sinne . Notes for div A02178-e23380 Iohn . 3. 4 , Notes for div A02178-e23500 All must reade the Scriptures . Act. 17. Heb. 3. 12. 1. Pet. 3. Reading the Scriptures in the Church . Heb. 4. 2. Preaching . Hearing the Word . Law. Gospell . Amo● Dei amorem proximi ge●e●at . Generall obseruations concerning the D●calogue . Rules . 1. Pre●●pt . Euill forbidden . Good commanded . The second commandement . Generall euils Speciall euils Occasions of the breach of the secōd law What wee must tolerate in a Church , which lies not in our power to reforme . General good Speciall good thing Occasions of good . Sufficient prouision for God● s●ruie ? . 3. Precept . 4. Precept . Publike exercises . Priuate exercises . 5. Precept . Triall of the loue of children to Parents . Triall of the loue of Parents to children ? Triall of the loue of Seruants to their Maisters . Triall of the loue of Maisters to Seruants . The sixt Precept . The seuenth Precept . A man may commit adulterie with his owne wife . Meanes of Chasti ie . 8. Precept . Idlenesse , Restitution . 9. Prccept . False witnes . Psal. 15. Susp●●ion against any man without any iust cause ▪ a sinne against the ninth commandement . 1. Cor. 13. Charitie suspecteth no euill . 10. Precept . Motions . What motiōs are forbiddē in the tenth Commandement . How wee be infected with the motions . which come from Sathan & the world . Who is our Neighbour . Ioh. 3. Ephès . 2. 3. The Mediator described 1. Cor. 1. Faith defined . What Creati●●●● . Vse of the first article of the Cr●e●e . Christ verie GOD. Christ very Man. Vse of holie Conception . Vse of Christs Prophesie . Vse of his Priesthood . Vse of Christs kingdome . Christs passion most grieuous in bodie and soule . Vse of Christs buriall . Phil. 3. 9. 13. Rom. 6. 12. Vse of the article of the Resurrection Iohn . ● . 14. Vse of Chrstes intercession . 1. Thess. 4. 26. 1. Cor. 15. Phil. 3. 10. Rom. 12. 13. Church . The holie Ghost alone giueth vs the assurance of the pardon of sinnes . * By Faith wee come by degrees to feele & to haue a comfortable experience of the pardon of sinnes . The comfortable vse of all the articles of the Creede . Faith onely iustifieth . Rom. 3. 28. A reward to workes is promised of Gods free mercie , and not for merit Workes . Law and Gospell cōdemne sinners which lie in sinne without repentance . Repentance defined . Note . The faithfull haue a cortinuall repentaence all their life . Gospell defined . Penitence & repentance how they differ . Foure differences betweene the law & gospel . Rom. 3. 2. The combat of the faithfull . Flesh defined The motions and lustes of the flesh . The spirit rebukes and restraines euill motions in vs. The liues of the world . Sathan how he fights . To resist the inward motions and outward occasions of sinne . Prayer defined . Part of Lords● Notes for div A02178-e37630 * The wound of the spirit . By the often checkes of conscience we may know what sinnes sway most in vs. Like reason like law . Strange workes , as Iron mils & such like , must rest on the Sabbath . I wish that these two arguments , of the Sabbath , and of Tithe , were more fully handled by some godly learned Diuines . * G●●ealogies Luk ●4 . 45. Notes for div A02178-e38520 The minde cast downe , what shall comfort vs ? Parts to be considered . Persons afflicted in minde The courage of heathens not disquieted in minde . Papists disquieted in mind● . Iob. Dauid . Hezekiah . Ieremiah . Christ Ies●s , an example most comfortable for all afflicted conciences . True p●ace of minde how comfortable attained . Nothing can more disquiet vs if we be at peace with God through Iesus Christ : and contrarily , &c. Vnbeleeuers by violent deaths do not ende , but begin their torments . A tormented conscience cannot flie from God. The second part of the first diuision . * Or verieshie , that is , warie . How wise many be to preuent many euils , and how few labour to preuent afflictions of minde . * Or by law . In seeking so greedily for earth and so faintly for heauen , we thinke we labour for our peace , but we hasten this way into many griefes & sorrowes . 1. Tim. 6. 7. 8. 9. Ambitious . How we may be preserued from the wound of conscience . Simile . Preseruatiues against afflictions of mind . Psal. 25. 1. Cor. 11. 29. Sinnes of youth . To glorie in sins of youth . Rom. 6. 22. The leauing of sinne , is not the repenting of sinne . For what causes many leaue sinne . Examination of sinnes after our calling . Sinnes like sore● . Simile . Couer not thy sinne . Sinnes after knowledge . A blessed thing to be awaked and grieued by checkes of conscience . Remedie . Sinnes of omission . Note . The negligent vse of the meanes of saluation . * Or wakened and quickened . Secret corruption . Iusticiarie Pharisies . Affections fighting against iudgement . Examination hard . Returne to sins to come . * Or in resemblance The godly iealousie of Gods children . Take heede to our libertie . The diuell tempting . The diuell accusing . Note . Boldnes in plague . Zeale . What perfection we haue in this life . A scrupulous feare . Remission of sinne and mortification of sinne goe together . Sixe points which must be knit together . 1 2 3 4 5 6 The third part of the first diuision . The godly afflicted . Salue of this sore .. How to proceede in comforting the afflicted . The vaine ●●ifts of some in afflictions of minde . Note well . Meete comforters . P●●● . ●● ▪ Confession ●● speciall sins . Not to eye one sinne onely , and to forget the rest . Secret motiones vnto sinnes . Doubts . * Or strēgth . Note . Two groūds to be remembred in the cures of soules afflicted . How to begin with the la● , incuring consciences afflicted . An Arian executed at Norwich . 1 Good considerations in vrging the law to some afflicted . 2 In afflictions euer looke to the end . Some haue but a confused conceit of their sinnes in their afflictions . Mockers and scorners of the afflicted . * Or warrāt . The feeling of our sinnes , an earnest of our regeneration . Note . The froth of sinne in the regenerate . To feele that we would faine loue the Lord. Sinne and Sathan haue lost the sting in Christ. Note . How to answere Sathā and sinne in temptations . Good feare . God as a father pitieth vs. Simile . Some vtterly ignorant of the afflictions of minde . The state of the wicked which sorrow not for sinne . How to speak to our owne hearts in afflictions . How greatly to account of our afflictions . Prosperitie how dangerous to some . Securitie . Patience vnder the crosse In prosperitie to remember aduersitie . I he crosse sent to exercise our faith . Abraham ▪ Dauid . Ezechias . 1 Rom. 8. 2 3 1 Who be righteous , and who be not . 2 ● . Pet. 2. Heb 11. Luke . 18. Rom. 4. 3 Psalm . 3● . Matth. 11. 28. Phil. 3. Luke . 18. Rom. 4. Phil. 3. 2. Heb. 4. Gen. 17. Psal. 32. and 129. and 4. Iam. 2. To haue religion in respect of persons . False harted Protestants . The second note of a righteous man. Note . Rom. 7. 2. Cor. 12. 7. Prou ▪ 4. 18. Phil. 3 ▪ 15. Heb. 6. Esaiah . 28. Reuel . 3. Esaiah . 28. Heb. 3. 14. Phil. 3 ▪ Gods children sometimes linger , rather than goe forward . Psalm . 51. Psal. 119. 8. 6. 10. Psal. 15. & 16. How to loue superiours , equals , inferiours . Matth. 10. ● . Cor : 5. Rom. 15. 14. Iude 20. Gen. 18. Matth. 23. Iam. 5. Dan. 12. Matth. 25. Matth. 5. Psal. 126. 2. Pet. 2. Ezech. 9. 4. Psal. 119. 5. 3. Mark. 3. Rom. 15. Psal. 69. Ierem. 12. Th' espousage or betrothing before full mariage knowne by the light of nature . A contract is more than a simple promise of mariage . How the parties betrothed must be taught to know their duties . Note . The contracted must remember that God by his good prouidēce brought them together . Faith in Iesus Christ. The wisedome and loue of a good Christian in the gouernment of his wife . The communiō of Saints . The fift commandement . The second commandement . That loue which breeds by gedly meanes , will lōgest endure The third cō mandement * Amos. 7. 16. 17. 1. Sam. 3. 33. The fourth Commandement . The fift commandement . The obediē●e of the wife to the husband . How the husband is to rule his wife . The sixt commandement . No bitternes between man and wife . The seuenth commandement . True loue . Iealousie . Note . The eight cōmandement . The ninth cōmandement . Man & wife not to lay opē the infirmities one of another . The tenth cōmandement . Then hee prayed . Iudg. 14. 21. 2. Sam. 13. 13. The inconueniences and commodities of keeping or breaking the Sabbath . Popish Sabbath . How men prophane the Sabbath . The Sabbath the Lords market day . He that keepeth the Sabbath , keepeth the whole . 1 The order of setting downe the doctrine of the Sabbath . 2 1 2 3 Doctrine to informe the iudgement must goe before exhortation to moue affections . What is generally to be obserued in this cōmandement . 5. Lax. 10. Precept . Wherefore some commandements haue reasons & some none . Of the reasons , and first of the first reason . Deut. 5. 1 ▪ 1 The Patriarks knew the morall law of God. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A ceremonie is more then a shadow . * Note the difference . Why the law is giuen to all Christians , as the posterity of Adam . What it is to sanctifie the Sabbath . * How the Sabbath is called a signe , that is , a document , and not a figure . Adam also in Paradise had the tree of life for a signe , not for a bare figure . No figures till sinne came into the world . The Sabbath was not giuen to the posteritie of Abraham , but of Adam * Whatsoeuer seuereth ●ither God frō man , as the curse of the morall Law , or man from man , as the ceremoniall doth , the Iew frō the Gentile , that only is abrogated . The morall law being made our good friend and guide in and by Iesus Christ , doth not separate vs from God , nor frō man , Iews or Gentiles which are in Christ. Ergò it is not abrogated * What is abrogated . Sacramēts in the time of the law had two endes . Rom. 4. The Sabbath not a signe only of spiritual rest as some would haue it . The second reason drawn from the equi tie of the law , If the Lord giue vs sixe dayes for our ordinary worke , good reason is there he may chalenge the seuenth day for his seruice . But he permits vs sixe dayes : Ergò , it is right we giue him the seuenth . Hee meaneth the Cathedrall Churches . The tithe of our time to be afforded for Gods worship . Not euery day a Sabbath . Fasting . * Or commanded . The 3 ▪ reason . If the Sabbath be ceremoniall , then the Lord gaue but nine commandements . But he gaue ten : Ergo the Sabbath is not ceremoniall . Note . The difference betweene the ceremonies and the tenne commaundements . Ordinances what they signifie . The rest of the Sabbath as needfull for vs as for the Iewes . The 4 reason , from Gods owne example . God gaue a speciall blessing to the Sabbath day . Obiection . Answere . Note . Answere to the reasons that by some are brought against the Sabbath . 1. Ob. out of the old Testa ment . Euery signe is not a figure or shadowe as before . To know things morall and ceremoniall . Note well . How God is said to rest after the creation . The second obiection out of the Prophets . 1. Out of Esay a resting from sinne . The true interpretation of Esay 56. 1. 2. Obiection . Answere . 1 2 Preaching . The interpretation of Esay . 58. 1. 3 Fasting . 〈◊〉 . Presumptiō . The interpretation of Esay . 66 2● . A rule for the interpretation of Scriptures . Answere to their arguments , taken out of the new Testament . And Luk. 6. 1 ▪ it is said Sabatum secūd● primum : so it seemeth this is vnderstood of a ceremoniall , and not of a morall Sabbath . The examination of Matth. 12. 1. 2. A Sabbath dayes iourney , what . The second reason . Worke of the Sabbath . The third reason . 1 Prophaning the Sabbath haruest how great a sinne . 2 3 Two kind of necessitie . The fourth reason . The fift argument . The sixt argumen . Answere to places taken out of the Epistles . The exposition of Rom. 13. 14. How the strong is to helpe and not to despise the weake . * Yet we rea● Acts 28. 17. of Iewes at Rome . Of meats . When we beleeue we haue the w●rd for our warra●t . * Or more truly read these words thus : Another eateth herbs , he doth it in weakenes of faith , not beleeuing that he may vse other meat● ▪ The nouices in religion are commonly hastie in iudging . The second reason , out of the Epistle . * Publike fast , cōmanded by the Magistrates , must be kept . Simile . The interpretation of Hebrues 4. A Sabbath in heauen . A generall rule concerning Scripture . Of their arguments drawne by consequence out of the Scripture . Obiect . The Sabbath vnknowne to the Gentiles : ergo , ceremoniall . How the morall and naturall law differ . Rom. 3. 1. Psal. ●47 . The first obiection . Answere . The second obiection . Answere . What things appertaine to the Iewes only , and what to vs with them . Kindling of fire on the Sabbath day lawful to vs. Out of the Testament . The first obiection ▪ Answere . The second obiection . Answere . 2 3 4 Aspeciall vse of the Lords day to remēber three great benefits . Change of the day . Of the obseruation of the Sabbath . How the Sabbath is truely kept . Note . Reading and preaching . The great ignorance and carnall securitie of the people must cause vs to be more wary whom we admit to the Sacraments . Baptisme . Children dying before Baptisme . Priuate exercises on the Sabbath . Preparation to obseruation of the Sabbath . Examination . Non proficients in the Church . Simile . To rise early on the Sabbath . 2 Exercises after and betweene the publike . Meditation . Meditation concerning Gods workes Consider how obedient in sixe daies the beasts haue been vnto vs , and on the seuenth how disobedient we be to God , To auoid dulnes and deadne● in the priuate exercises of the Sabbath , seeke to the communion and fellowship of the godly . Of the duties of loue . Collections for the poore on the Sabbath . To disgrace others by reports . Psal. 15 , 3. Note . Two things in these duties to be obserued . Sincerity in all duties . Outward actions without inward affections . Simile . How the Sabbath is brokē . Workes how farre forbiddē on the Sabbath . The dressing of meates on the Sabbath . Things forbidden on the Sabbath . Whether it be hard for some callings to keepe the Sabbath . Of seruants . Of shepheards , heardsmen , &c. Bakers and Brewers . Mariners and Posts . Mariners . Note . Preachers by sea . Simili● . The prophanes of many seafaring men . Posts : Of Faires & Markets . Seed time & haruest . Blindnes of men . How wee ought more carefully to obserue the Sabbath in the haruest than any other time of the yeere . 1 2 3 4 Simile . Double necessitie . Of gathering Saffron . Of trauelling . Of the works of our pleasure● ▪ Of feasting and banketting . ● ▪ Sam. 22. 25. Obiection . Of pastimes and recreations . If trauell be forbidden in seede time and haruest , much more pleasures all the yeere long . The vnclean sinne of dancing . Esai . 58. Obiection . Answere . Sicke persōs . How the Sabbath is prophaned in thought , word , &c. The differēce between the not sanctifying and prophaning of the Sabbath . Prophanation of the Sabbath . Thought . Word . The nourishing and harbouring of euil thoughts in our hearts on the Sabbath will depriue vs of all fruit of Gods worship . Preaching Gods ordinarie meanes to saluation . Reading of the Scriptures publikely in the Church . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Matter . Order . Simile . Time. Nulla dies sine linea . Feare . How to attaine a cl●●re vnderstanding , sound iudgement , and good affections . 1. Cor. 2. Good heart . Meditation . False feares and false ioyes . 2. Conferēnce . 3. Faith. Supra . Of preparation . A generall faith . 4. Practise . Want of practise makes men blinder after some measure of knowledge . S. Prayer . Many rest in knowledge and want faith why ? Thanksgiuing . Meditations of death . A dull kinde of death . Great quietnes & m●●knes in the death of many sinners . Simile . The death of Heretikes . Note . The implicit popish faith cannot helpe in temptation . Hereticall opinions concerning the resurrection . Few Christians doe truly belieue the resurrection . The parts of speciall points handled . 1 2 3 Translation of Enoch . His opinion concerning Enoch and Eliahs bodie . Heb. 11. 33. Matth. 22. 32. Iob. 19. 25. What is meant by soule , Psal. 16. Places of the new Testament . Note . Note this interpretatiō of Heb 11. 39. 2. Pet. 3. 10. Reuel . 10. 11. 2 Confirmatiō 1 2 3 4 1 We must beleeu what the Lord saith , how contrary soeuer it seem to naturall reason . Matth. 25. 33. Luke 16. 23. Gods iustice and mercie require a resurrection , that the wicked may suffer for their sinnes , as well in their bodies as in their soules , and that the godly may be crowned , &c. Psalm . 73 ▪ 3 The power of God to performe all his promises and threatnings . he that made all things of nothing ; can more easily restore our bodies againe being rotten , or changed into the elements . 4 Prouidence of God. Abrahams faith concerning the resurrection . 5 Christ our Mediatour can and will raise vs. Christ suffered in soule . The seruice of the bodie in hearing , praier , Sacraments . 6 Al creatures desire this day . Rom. 8. Two poynts to be considered in examining our selues . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . Tworeasons why euery one is to examine himselfe . Gods presēce must mooue vs to examination . Gen. 41. 14. Matth. 22. 1. 2. Luk. 14. 1● . 2. Chro. 35. 6. 1. Sam. 21. 4. 2. Sam. 6. 6. 7. Exod. 40. 10. 11. 12. & 27. 3. 4. 5. &c. Iohn . 19 38. 39. 40. Simile . 1. Cor. 11. 27. Matth. 16. 3. Matth. 15. 17. We can neuer end when we prepare to feast with men : we can neuer begin well any preparation to feast with God. Our owne profite must moue vs to examination . Gen 3. 22. Matth. 9. 20. 21. 22. Iohn . 20 4. 5. 6. 7. ● . Hag. 2. 13. 14 The polluted per●on polluteth all things Tit. 1. 15. 16. Simile . 1. Cor. 11. 30 ▪ 1 Cor. 11. 29. Exo. 4. 24. 25. 2. Chro. 20. ●● Mark. 15. 42. Preparation for the Sabbath . 1 Foure sorts barred from the Lords supper , Children , Fooles , ignorant persons , & impenitent persons . 2 3 4 The subiect of examination is our selues . Simile . Simile . 1. Cor. 11. 31. 32. Simile . Reade as it were an inditement to our selues against our selues . Bucerus . Tunc optime habet qui pessim● habet . Wherein the examination of our selues consisteth . Galath . 3. ●0 . Matth. 5. 3. 4. 1. Tim. 1. 15. Christian charitie required . Simile . Math. 18. 28. 32 How we may e●te & drink in the Eucharist . Simile . What we receiue in the Eucharist . Gen. 14. Christs body Christs blood * or actiue . Righteousnes actiue & passiue before God & m●n . Why we receiue the Eucharist . Meditations of Christs death . How wee are united with Christ & his mēbers in the Eucharist . Spirituall union & communion with Christ. Communion with the mēbers of Christ Simile . The Iewes did no more crucifie Christ then the nayles , the crosse and the hammer , but our sins . Zach. 12. 10. 11. Of examination of our selues after the receiuing of the Lords Supper . Simile . Obiection . Answere . Wee must be grieued that we can be no more grieued 2. Chron. 30. 18. ●9 . Few feare God. We haue no time to doe good . How wee should feare : and why we doe not feare . Docta inscitia . Knowledge without practise is no knowledge . Vnprofitable hearing how dangerous . Why we profit not by our knowledge . Simile . How wee must behaue our selues vnder the crosse . Si●●al● . Two causes of our blindnes in afflictions . Note . How great Gods ●ratl● is . Of the feare of God , and why men doe not feare . Loue without feare . Sinne breeds feare , & how much . There is more required in Religion than an outward sho●w . Why & how the Lord is sometime hot in speech . Of hypocrisie how it should be abhorred . Special kinds of hypocrisie . * Vultum assumens . * Est signum sine signato . Sub splendido pallio latet nequitia . Non videri volunt quod non sunt , sed quantum non sunt . The first kind . The second kind . Vtinam omnes essent hypocritae . The third kind . The fourth kind . Notes to know an hypocrite . Matth. 7. 3. The first note The second note . Omne peccatum extenuari potest . The third note . Cypriāsaith , Decoratissimas habent orationes . The fourth note . The fist note . The sixt note Note . The seuenth note . Open offenders . Matth. 7. Omnis malus plus minus hypocrita est . Many kinds of hypocrites . None readier to accuse mē of hypocrisie than hypocrites . Si trabes sit in oculo strues est in corde . The wicked terme the godly hypocrites , and godlines they call the hypocrisie . That there is a holy anger . Triall of our anger . The first Note : To passe by iniuries done to our selues . The second Note of holy anger : not easily prouoked . Psal. 133. Simile . The third Note of holy anger : to bee angrie with sinne wheresoeuer wee finde it . Note . Admonition . The fourth note of holy anger : To be angrie with our own sins : Matth. 7. Ioh. 8. 7. The fift Note If our anger stretch beyōd the bounds , or hinder holy duties . Mark. 6. Matth. 23. 37. 1. Corinth . 5. Psal. 69. Rom. 14. Note . A golden chain of t●e causes of Saluation . 1 The cause of our happines , Gods loue . 2 The substāce of our blessed nesse , the redemption of Christ. 3 The formall cause of Saluation . Rom. 8. Iohn . 6. 4 The instrument all causes . Faith. A false faith . 1. King. 2. 7. Matth 5. The first degree of blessednesse . The second degree . The third degree . The fourth degree . Effects of blessednes . 1 Peace of conscience . 2 Affiance and trust in God. False peace and ioyes . 3 Sinceritie . 4 Feare . 1 Peace-makers . 2 Mercie . Note . Matth. 9. How expeaient it were that some publike fasts should be obserued in our time . Munition for warre , & all meanes for peace , that they may be blessed vnto vs , ought not to want preaching , prayer and fasting . H●b ▪ 11. Note . Pride and malice in Papists . Simile . Diligent and continuall preaching . 1. Tim. 4. 16. This was written , A● . Eliza ▪ 2● . Sobrietie . Who fit to fast often . Note this well . Notes for div A02178-e59580 The first ●●●●m●n . * Like the S●● , * Like a lightning . The regenerate doe not ●eese the spirit of sanctification . Iob. 31. * Paul. * Examples , Moles , Nehem●as , Daniel . 2. Cor. 12. 2. last ver●e . Notes for div A02178-e60060 Two heads of all the doctrine of the Scripture . The spirit of sanctification is effectual in all meanes which profit vs. Exercises of religion vnprofitable to them which wāt the spirit The precept of not quenching the spirit , belongs to thē which haue receiued the spirit . Two questiō , concerning the quēching of the spirit . A spirituall man is indued with supernaturall gifts . A spirituall man must haue an alteration or change . Ioh. 16. Matth. 11. 1 A generall astonishment for sinne . 2 A speciall griefe for speciall sinnes . 1. Cor. 2. 14. Phil. 1. 9. 10. 3 Reason against faith . 4 How the spirit renueth affections . The 3. note . How the spirit leades vs to Christ. Psalm . 130. 4. Two arguments of our iustification . Rom. 5. 1. 2. Rom. 9. 1. Phil. 4. 3. 4. 5. 1. Cor. 2. 14. 15 The 4. note . Readines to obey . Godly anger . a Ephes. 4. 1● . b Rom. 8. 2. Gal. 5. 22. 1 Rules to know whether we haue the spirit . 2 3 4 Simile . The properties of fire , whereby the graces and effects of the spirit are resembled . 2 3 4 Foure effects of the spirit . 1 2 3 4 The second question , whether the spirit may be lost . 1 The lighter and lesser worke of the spirit . Matth. 1 3. Luk 8. Mark. 4. Heb. 6. Hebr. 6. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 2 Spirit of faith and regeneration , not vtterly quenched . That the regenerate leese not the spirit of sanctification . Ioh. 3. 7. 8. Ioh. 10. 28. 29. Note . Simile . Simile . Vse of the doctrine of quenching the spirit . 1 2 3 The notes of the spirit of sanctificatiō . 1 First difference is in illumination . 2 3 Knowledge of the godly like the Sun : & of the wicked like lightening . Second difference in affections . 1 2 Example . How the faithfull loue God. 2. Pet. 1. 2. 3. 4. The fourth rule . The mercies of God , how they worke in the wicked . Notes of sanctification . 1 Note . Simile . 1 2 3 4 What the godly are to feare . Dauids feeling lost . Note . Our ioy may be lost . Example . Their state after arelapse . We be as ready to murmur as the Israelites . Murmuring Nature of murmuring . Death . Impatience . Note . Fauour of God how precious . Riches no argument of Gods fauour . Remedies against murmuring . Faith in our Redemption , and Faith in Gods prouidence , goe together . Belieue Gods prouidence and patience towards thee Rom. 2. 3. 4. Deut. 8. The second helpe against murmuring , faith of our redemption . Rom. 8. Gen. 24. 3 Beleeue thy sanctificatiō . The conuersiō of a sinner how great a thing it is . Esay . 11. The third helpe , faith of the resurrection : See the treatise of the resurrection in the second part . The fourth , beleeue eternall life is thine . The fift stay against murmuring . Prouidence . ● 2 3 Particular prouidence . Note . Examples of Gods prouidence . See the treatise of the resurrection in the 2. part . Psalm . 37. A good obseruation . 1 Properties of a patient minde . Phil 4. 11. Ierem. 45. 4. Gen. 28. 1. Tim. 6. Psalm . 4. The feeling of forgiuenes of sinnes , brings cōtentation with it . The second propertie of patience . Prou ▪ 10. To receiue earthly blessings from the Lord ▪ wee must be voide of distracting cares , Matth. 6. and resigne all our right into his hands Conclusion . 1 2 3 4 1. Sam. 2. 30 ▪ Rules of true zeale . Hypocriticall z●ale . Brownisme . Matth. 7. * Or though we know nothing by our selues . 1 Cor. 4. 4. How to censure other men . Admonition . 2. Propertie . True zeale and humilitie goe together , Iob 31. How inferiours admonish superiours . 3. Propertie . To reioyce in the publike prosperitie of the Church , when priuate crosses make vs sad . 4. Propertie . True zeale not blinde in reprouing sinne in ●indred . P●r●es ●olly . The ● . note of zeale . Ioh. 29. 8. 9. Brownists . Admonition little practised . The 6. note zealous in defence of the poore . The 7. note . 2. Cor. 12. 2● . The sinnes of the flocke are the sinnes of the Pastor . Two speciall fruits of vertue , which euer increase one another . A good name more precious thā gold . Effects of a good name , most comfortable in all states & sorts of men . Magistrates Lawyers . Preachers . Schoolemasters . Captaines . Psalm . 40. 1. God will turne , &c. Godly poore ▪ Poore . 1 Not to hurt our neighbours good name . Susanna . 2 Care to get a good name . Care of a good name , keepes vs in obedience . 1 Infidels haue no good name The first step to a good name , a religious care against open and outward sinnes great and small . Simile . Eccles ▪ 10. 1. Simile . Note . The iudgement of the world of the godly . A religious care against secret sinnes , which bring vs out of credit with God. Secret sinnes many waies reuealed , whē the Lord will afflict vs. Euill surmises . Eccles. 7. The second step to a good name . Auoide occasions of euill . Example . A prayer . Note . The third step to a good name , is to be plentifull in good workes . Simile . 1 Two rules of good workes . 2 Looke well to thine affectiō , & to the end thou hast purposed in thine heart of euery good worke , 1 2 3 Good counsell against euill report . 1 2 1 2 Psalm . 37. 5. 6 Offences . Non ●inor est virtus quā quaerere paris tueri . Euill report . 1 2 They are shamelesse men which regard not how they be reported of . Worldly sorrowe . Hypocrisie . 1. grosse . 2. close . 1 2 Special rules when a secret sinne is cause of euil report . 1 Ioshua . 7. 2 How wee ought to profit by euill reports . ● Two occasiōs of euil reports An euill thought resting in the minde how dangerous . Vse of false reports . 1 2 Luke 14. 11. Iam 4. 6. 1. Pet. 5. 5. Gen. 3. Examples of pride . Gen. 11. 7. Exod. 14. Hester . 7. Dan. 4. Amos. ● . 1. King. 20. 22 2. King. 23. Act. 12. 23. 2. Chro. 16. 10 1● . 2. King. 20. 2. Chro. 32. 37 Vnthankefulnes punished . 2. Chro 35 , Dauid . Matth. 16. 17. Matth. 26. Priuie pride and the fruit of it . 2. Cor. 12. Saul . Ahab . Rehoboam . 1. Sam. 9. 12. 10. 22. 1 King 2● . 27. and 29. 1. King. 12. 24. Hum●tie in the godly . Abraham . Isaac . Iacob . Ioseph . Moses . Dauid ▪ Pledges . Ezekiah . Iosiah . Asa. Esai . 38. 2. Chro. 34. 1● ▪ Ezechiel . Zacharie . Elizabeth . Marie . Wherefore the Lord hu●bleth his childrē before that he honoreth & crowneth them with his graces . 1 2 3 Priderots and cōsumes many good gifts of God ●● vs. Aphantasticall humility . Impatiencie . It is best for vs vnder the crosse to bee thus minded . Gen. 22. 2. Sam. 15. How to auoid the crosse , or to be freed , if it become . A Stoicall numneffe . When sinners die a quiet death , it is an euill signe . A heart obdurate and hard in sinne . Not too greedily to desire prosperitie . Prosperitie . Gods iudgements . To accept the good meanes in time when God calleth vs to repentance . Note . Rom. 2. 4. Spirituall pride . Note . Pray well before & after preaching . As graces increase , so desire thy feare may increase . Wherefore our feeling and ioyes are but by fits . Vnthankefulnes cause of dulnes . Strange doubts in the godly of Gods wisdome ▪ power , &c. Wherefore Gods childrē are often exercised with euil thoughts How the godly by not suspecting their affectiōs , may fall to grosse actions . Security how dangerous . Note . Pro. 28. 14. Our priuie pride , not respecting the meanes had plentifully , how it is corrected . Absēce from the congregation . Note . Victorie ouer our faults before they get strength and breake forth . Psalm . 119. By what mes sengers God awakens his children . Psalm . 11● . Use of the former doctrine . 1 2 3 To visit the sicke . Heb. 11. 25. 27. Hebr. 12. 2. 3. Foolish children . For what causes the Lord afflicteth parents in their children . Education of children . Mariage bed to be sāctified with prayer . Godly children Gods speciall gift . * As beautie , strength , wit , &c. * If the childe resēble his pa rent sin beautie , strength , wit , for the most part naturally , hee is infected with the sins which accompanied those gifts in his parents , as pride , vaine-glory . A notable meditatiō in the correctiō of children . 1 The follie of some parents . 2 Parēts must giue their children a good example in their priuate familie . When to begin to catechize children . Wee must mourne and pray in the corrections of our children . Household gouernment . The want of household discipline cause of many euils . A note for parents . Obiection . That parēts may haue a good conscience in death . Three things to bee noted in this text . The power of Gods word , in the cōuersion of sinners Three waies . Note . The first entry to godlines , & beginning of repētance is a godly sorrow for sinne . Psal. 4. 5. Esay 40. 6. 7. 8. Esay 66 and 57. 14. 15. Matth. 9. 13. The power of the plaine & simple preaching of the Gospell . The power of the word . Heb. 4. 12. The word must pierce vs. Iohn 16. 8. 2. Sam. 1. 2. A false perswasion of the pardon of sins in many . Signes of godly sorrow . To be often touched with out amendment , dangerous . How foolishly many wold put off their sorrowes . A true examination of our selues . In our examination hee teacheth vs to follow the order of the commandements . Note . 1. Cor. 11. 30. 31. Simile . Sorrow for sin , the way to heauen . Luk 16. True humiliation before sound cōfort . Rom. 6. 12. Zach. 12. 10. 11. Gal. 5. 24. 2● . Not to cōtent our selues with sorrow for sin , but to proceede to repentance . 2. Cor. 7. 9 ▪ 10 Note . Repentance what it is . Rom 6. 3 4. Phil. 3. 9. 10. 11. What is meant by the gift of the holy Ghost . Act. 2. Sorrow for sin must be continued . Note . The scope of the text . The loue of the Saints to the word . 1 The diuers acceptatiō of these words , kingdome of heauen . 2 1 2 First it is taken for the meanes . The keyes of the kingdom of heauen committed to all Ministers of the Gospell . Looke to the translation . Luke . 17. 21. The Ministery of the word is the meanes to bring vs to the knowledge of Christ , and so to his kingdome . Graces bestowed on thē which vse the meanes well . Obseru . 1. He that will goe to heauē , must make an entrance into it on earth . How to know where a treasure is . Wherfore so few loue the Gospell and meanes of saluation . Sacraments . Meanes of least shewe may bring vs greatest graces . Obseruation . Few loue the word . How to speak of a parable . Sense of the place . Doubts in our first conu●rsion . The mindé may be deceiued , the heart cannot so be , being truly possest of the word . How the word is found before it be sought . God turnes away his coūtenance from his children for a time God hath a different respect of yong and old . Wherfore we wa●t good things . Ioy of saluatiō how great Gods proceedings with his children . To labour for the ioy of our saluation Psal. 51. Two sorts of ioyes in receiuing the word . The ioy of the minde & of the heart : note the difference . Seate of faith . An apt ●imilie . A good triall of some ioy . The fight of a Christian. Similitude of building . Similitude of warfare . Euery Christian a builder and a warrier . Striue to enter in at ●●e ●●raite gate . Premeditations before men be resolued to follow Christ. Christianitie ▪ a warfare . To renounce reason first , Anger . To fight with reason and affections a hard battell . To fight with penurie and want . Satans practises in temptations . Wherefore many are ouertakē with temptations . Ephes. ● . Philip. 4. 14. Rom. 8. The wicked by faith purged & made Gods childrē The summe of the two former Sermons . Sense . What must besold before w●●ā possesse Gods kingdome . Consider three things . 1 2 3 Iames 5. The change of on sinne for another . Secondly , all sinne must be forsaken . Herod . Ananias . Iudas . 3 Sale of sia for euer . Not sufficiēt to leaue sin , but mē must mourne for it , vntill they come to soūd griefe . How many de●eiue thēselues , when they know their sinnes are pardonable : not labouring any further for an assurance that they are pardoned . To harbour some secret sins in our breast . To be religious , rather than so to seeme to be . Of infirmities . Inward corruptions . To maister naturall corruptions . Video meliora proboque de ●●riora sequor Note . The messenger of Sathā within vs. Pride . How to carri-ourselues in a temptation . C●rnall securitie & feare dangerous . Note . A greater studie and care for the increasing of this inestimable treasure . The necessitie of Ministers . Pastors , Docters and Elders in the Church of God. 1. Thess. 5. 12. 13. This is not meant of ciuill Magistrates , but of the gouernours of the Church . Matth 9. 36. Mark. 6. 34. The people of God without a shepheard for all the great learning of the Doctors . Matth. 9. 38. Who be onely true Ministers . The miserie of the people without a Pastor . Matth. 23. 37. Luk. 13. 34. Ephe 4. 4. 5. 6. The ministerie of the word the most necessarie thing in the world . 1. Pet. 1. 23. 1. Pet. 5. 8. Great danger of not hauing a godly Pastor . The vse wher vnto God hath appointed ministers . Rom. 10. 6. 7. 8. Rom. 10. 17. Preaching the onely meanes to worke faith in vs. Luk. 16 ▪ 31. Matth. 16. 19. The Lord in his mercy wil haue his children certaine of saluatiō in this life , to their vnspeak able comfort . Exod. 20. 18. 19. If the Preaching of the word worke not faith in vs we could not beleeue though God spake to vs himselfe , nor if one should come from the dead . Iohn 10. 24 25. 26. 27. 28. Note . Rom. ● . ●● . Though their holines be neuer so great in the outward appearance , they shall not stand in the end . Certaine condemnation of the wicked . The assured comfort of Gods childrē in Christ. Iohn . 20. 23. The dutie of Ministers . Ephes. 47. 8. Attendance in reading . 1. Tim. 4. 13. 1. He must reade & studie the worde of God diligently . Malach. 2. 7. Iosh. 1. 8. To meditate in the word day and night . Psal. 1. 2. To meditate in the word daily . 2. He must teach the word . The strait account of the Minister . The order of his teaching is to build vpon the true foundation ▪ Iesus Christ. How to know on● that preaches with the power of the word . He that ●uildeth not vpon that foundation , is an Antichrist ▪ Acts 20. 27. Hee must teach all the counsell of God. Luk. 24 45. 2. Tim 4. 2. Matth. 22. 29. Hee must p●icke forward the godly to increase in godlinesse ▪ beate downe the obstinate , with the iudgements of God , comfort the penitent with the promises of the Gospell . To apply comfort to the penitent sinner . The minister ought to go t● the houses of his charge . Gen. 3. 19. Priuate meanes as well as publike must be vsed by the Minister . Luk. 10. 38. 39 & 19. 9. Acts. 20. 20. That which is spoken to all is regarded of none or of few . To admonish priuatly is to take all excuses away . He must teach continually both in season , and out of season . Acts. 20. 31. Paul warned them with teares both night & day . 2. Timoth ▪ 4. 1. 2. Note . He must pray both for himselfe and his people as wel priuately as openly . 1. Cor. 3. 6. His office is to blesse the people in the Lords name . Deut. 10. 8. Num. 6. 23. Psal. 118. 26. Iohn . 17. Rom. 1. 9. 2. Tim. 1. 3. He must be circumspect in administring the Sacraments . The minister ought to take account of their faith . The sacrament pertai●●●● to ●one ●●●● the faith●●●● onely . He must liue a godly life to the example of others , and also to stop their mouths which will be ready to speake euill of the Gospell , if the Minister liue contrary to his doctrine . Titus 2. 7. 8. Hee must watch ouer the soules of his flocke , therfore it is requisite that he is able to keepe his own 1. Cor. 6. 9. 2. Pet. 1. 10. Acts 20. 28. He that is not a carefull watchman ouer his owne soule , is not fit to watch ouer other mens . Whē he preacheth damnation to others , hee must be sure that it belongeth not to him , &c. 4 Hee ought to preach and teach as well priuately , as publikely . 1. Thess. 2. 6. 7. 8. 2. Tim. 2. 10. Coloss. 1. 24. Act. 21. 10. 11. 12. 13. Ioh. 12. 11. 12. 13. How a Minister may flie . Matth. 10. 23. Ioh. 8. 59. Ioh. 10. 39. 40. Act. 14. 5. 6. How small a cast soeuer we haue receiued of the trueth , we must not giue ouer striuing , though it cost vs our liues . The faithfull minister flies not from his flocke but by this meanes . Philip. 2. 12. To disobey the Minister of God , is to disobey God himselfe and to dispise his word . Philip. 2. 12. Ioh. 10. 27. Luk. 101. 6. If he were the wisest in the world he must become as simple as a sheepe . 1. Pet. 1. 33. How we be borne anew . 1. Pet. 2. 2. We must grow from strength to strength . Craue knowledge of God without ceasing . Ihon 7. 17. 18. Iohn . 4. Acts. 2. 1. Tim. 5. 17. The office of the Elders . Note . Luk. 10. 16. An example of receiuing an earthly Embassador . Galath . 4. 14. The people ought to feare the authority giuē by God. 1. Thess. 5. 12. 13. A thousand worlds not comparable to the treasure of the faithfull . Galath . 6. 6. 1. Cor. 9. 11. Deut. 18. 1. Cor. 9. 14. Ves 7. Deut. 25. 4. Matth. 10. 10. Galath . 4. 15. Without this heauenly treasure we are more miserable than brute beasts . Note . The people must pray cōtinually for themselues and their Minister . Coloss. 4. 3. 4. The Lord giueth his gifts to none but they which call faithfully on him . 2. Thes. 3. 1 , 2. Few men haue true faith . All men can not be saued , and therfore all cannot haue faith . Of a strong faith . Luk. 19. 17. 1. Thess. 3. 9. The dutie of the people that hath a wicked Minister . The blessing of a faithfull Minister . Mala. 2 The carelesse Pastor shall become a notable diuell in hell . They that cānot belieue the preacher , shall not belieue though one should come from heauen , or from the dead , &c. Some learned men be like tunnes , that are so full they can giue no soūd . A man may preach to other , and be a reprobate himselfe . 2 3 4 This Sermon was preached in the assēble of many learned Diuines . Notes for div A02178-e79030 Epist. 3. ad Volus . M. Dod of Hanwell . Gregorie . Notes for div A02178-e81150 Doct. 1. Religion is the way to happinesse . Psal. 1. 1. 2 &c. and 1 12. 1. Deut. 33. 29. 1. What misery grace freeth vs from . Note . Daniel . 5. 6. 2 What good things Grace maketh vs to enioy . 1 A good estimation . Prou. 12. 26. Note . 2. Safetie . 3 Consolation . Rom. 5. 3 Psalme , 4. 2. Cor. ● . Psalme , 23. The happines in the Life to come . Psalme 16. The price of Grace . The rarenes of it . Luke . 11. 32. Matth. 7. 13. 14. 3 The continuance , of it . Vse . 1. Pro. 8. 10. 11. 2. Cor. 9. 21. Obiect . Answer . 1. Tim. 4. 8. Note . 2. Tim. 6. 6. Vse . 2. Ietem . 4. Vse . 3. Obiect . Difficulties in Christianitie . Answer . Note . 2. Cor. 4. 16. 17 Hebr. 10. 33. 34. Doct. 2. Psal. 24. 3. 4. Reasons . 1 God hath a quarrell against hypocrites . Psal. 32. 3. 2 He loaths their seruices . Matth. 6. Luke . 15. 16. 3 They liue in continuall danger . Luc 8. 13. Prou. 10. 9. Ioh. 10. 29. Ioh 4. 4. 1. Iohn . 5. 4. Rom. 8. 38. 39. Use. 1. Matth. 22. Answer . Prou. 23. Ierm . 29. Vse . 1. Markes of an vpright heart . 1. Vniuersall obedience . Psal. 119. 8. 2 Growth in grace . Phil. 3. 13. 14. Verse 15. Rom. 15. 14. Note . Note . 3 A constant & conscionable vse of all the meanes . Note . Note . 4 Respecting God in all things . 1. Cor. 4. 3. 4. 1. Thess. 2. 4. 2. Cor. 13. 7. Iob. 31. 1. Gen. 39. 10. Note . ● ▪ To receiue a rebu●e willingly and profitablie . Note . Obser. Vse . 3. Note . 2. Chron. 30. 18. 19. Doct. 3. A prerogatiue to be freed from sinne . Rom. 6. 17. Reasons . Ephes. 2. 2. Sathan is the maister of all sinners . Their seruices . Note . 3 The reward . Rom. 6. 2 Reason . 1. Ioh. 3. 8. 9. 3 Vse . 1. Luk. 9. 21. Heb. 11. 25. 26. Iob. 3. 2. Vse . 2. Obiect . Answer . Luk. 6 4● . Mat 7. 17. 18. Strict obedience to ●e laboured for . 2. Cor. 7. 1. Math. 5. 6. 7. Luk. 17. 10. Deut. 5. 28. 19. 1. Cor. 15. 58. Vse 1. Against Popish obseruations . Colos. 2. 22. Against workes of supererogatiō . Vse . 2. Simile . Augustine . Psal. 83. 16. 17. Psal. 35. 26. 2. Cor. 1. 12. Prou. 10. 9. Eccles. 10. 1. Similies . Why God seemeth sometimes to forsake his children . Note . In his treatise of desertions . Priuatiuae gratiae sunt p●ures quam positiuae . Ioh. 10 27. and 6. 37. Esa. 54. 10. Ps. 119. 8. 2. Sam. 15 26 Esa. 57. 1. 2. Reg. 22 20 Psal. 77. 1. 2 3. Esa. 63. 17. Can. 2. 4. 5. Rom. 7. 22. 23. 24. Psal. 77. 78. Cuncta Dei opera sunt in mediis contrariis . 2 Iob 2. 2 3 ▪ 4. a Iob. 13. 34. b Iob. 16. ●● . c Ps. 6. 1. 2. 3. 4. d See the book written of his death . a Math. 27. 46. a Fox . Act. Mon. 1555. Sept. a 2. Chro. 32. 31. 32. b 1. Cor. 1. 30. Ioh. 15. 2. Gal. 2. 20. Iob. 13. 26. Deut. 8. 2. & 13. 3. Ioh. 15. 2. Cant. 5. Act. 9. 31. Rom. 11. 20. Iam. 3. 10. P● . 119 59. Act. 24. 16. Pia. 26. 1. 2. 2. Tim. 4. 7. Iudgements . Simile . Simile . * He that beleeueth maketh no hast . Tim. 6 ▪ 10. Psal. 62. 10. Prou. 11. 28. Matth. 19. 24. ● . Tim. 6. 9. 1. Tim. 6. 17. ● . Cor. 4. * Or 〈…〉 Not● ▪ Note . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2. Cor. 3. 1 2 3 4 1 2 Simile . 1 2 3 4 5 Similie . Note well . Ephest . ● 18. 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 Note . Similie . 1. Iohn 3. 1. Hebr. 11. 1. qui nihil de praeteritis cogitat , vitam perdidi● . Mithridates Cyrus . Ra●●ang Mali●● Gn●shar Duies . I am seges est vbi Troia suit . The vse of this Psalme to a man regenerate . Ministeriall knowledge . * Anno Dom. 1580 ▪ & 1581. Haresie . Familie of loue . True arguments of loue to the word . 1 2 3 4 Wearines in good things . Wearines in good things . Loue God , loue his word . Ioh. 14. 23. 1. Argument of our true loue to God. * Vers. 113. * Vers. 163. Naturall loue must giue place to heauenly loue . Ciuill conuersation of heretikes . Presumptuous , sinnes . Religion corrupt , life cannot be vncorrupt . Popish superstition described . The true religious and irreligious discerned in temptations and afflictions . Simile . Heretikes discouered by the crosse . A shame to Protestants to suffer Papists to be more righteous than they be . Papists may not be spared for their ciuill honestie . Simile . The 2. argument of our true loue to God , loue to the word . Application . 1 2 Ieroboam & Rehoboā how like one another . 3 The third argumēt of our loue to God. Gods word yeelds most profit , pleasure , & glorie . Note this of libertie . The naturall man counts all spirituall things as paradoxes . 1. Cor. 2. 14. To lamēt the wāt of others Application . Many grieue for their own sinnes , which are not grieued for the sinnes of others . The fourth argument of our loue to the word . * * ▪ Cor ▪ 1 ▪ 3 ▪ 4 ▪ Rom ▪ 1 ▪ 1● ▪ How sweet and comfortable the 〈◊〉 is of Gods children . Conference and admonition . Rom ▪ 1 ▪ 12. 13 ▪ Heb 3 ▪ 12. ●● Iud. ver . 22 ▪ 23 ▪ 2 Prayer . Note . 3 Thankesgiuing . Meditation ▪ The 119 ▪ Ps. i●a Psalm . of experience . More attend hearing and reading , than cōference & meditation . A Christians life is the meditatiō of the law of God , &c. Affections dead . Meditation must be con●●●●●d . Psal. 1. 2. Meditation must 〈◊〉 or on the word . We will alwaies thinke & meditate of the things we loue . Wherefore so many neglect the word . Application . Obiection . Answere . Carnall securitie . * How enemies are ouercome . Not ! to shoote with the diuell in his owne bowe . Secret sinnes not repented of . Note . How to prosper in a good cause . How farre the faithfull are said to be wise . Iehosaphat punished in his posteritie . Meditation . Note . The ●inde of man. Schollers wiser thā their teacher . Note . The diuell helpes the wicked in their meditations . Carnal Protestants . * Fearefull tokens of publike calamities . Most read , not the wisest men . Wāt of faith and of a good conscience , make many barren in good things . Youth spent in vanitie , commonly ends oldage in profanenesse . Good death . Note . Old doting and ●arnail Protestants . Youth blessed of God. To keepe the word in a good conscience , brings a man to wisedome . Two speciall things to attaine true godlines . True godlines , ●ow hardly come by . Euill wa●es , how manie wayes considered . Ambition , how euery sin n●r reaso●eth Striue against reason . Couetousnes , how to ouercome it . Anger . Corrupt iudgement . Humilitie . The first motions vnto sin must be crucified . Iam. 1. 13. Rouing imaginations dāgerous . Why so few heretikes are conuerted . How to labor against our corrupt reasō Witchcraft . If outward liberty brings inward bondage , thē outward things may defile a man. Wickednesse and wantonnesse . Note . To be taught of God. The consideratiō of Gods iudgements . Iudgements . Whole folicitie in the word . Meanes to he carefully vsed . A good note of our loue to the word . Note . To redeeme the time f●r good meditations . Of our loue to the word , the true marke . To hate sin . Heresie . Note . Why we doe not more dete●● heresies . The part & branches of this portion . Note . Simile ▪ Simile . Wilfull ignorance , and voluntarie perdition . Simile . Light refused for darknes . Purblinde they are , that either knowe little , or , knowing neuer so much , doe practise nothing . Darknes or light , in whole or in part . A lanterne yet may leade a man that will follow the light thereof . Simile . Particular sight and loathing of speciall sinnes . Note . Warrant one of the word . Worke without warrant is a worke of darknes . The word necessarie . Ignorance cause to humble vs. Safe when the word directeth vs. Curiositie . Godly care and studie . The second argument . Suddē motions to good . An oath . The Prophet had our wāts & weakenes . Our vow in Baptisme euer to be remembred of vs. What a vow is . Particular couenants . Free-will . How wee bee kept from holy vowes . 2 Obiection of Sathan . Answere . Note well . Simile . We renue our couenant so oft as wee come to the Sacrament . Heb. 5. 12. To vow against drunkennes . To vow against whordome . Vers. 107. 110. My soule is in my hand . Against desire of reuenge . The promises of God to his people vnder the Gospell . Feeling . This Pslame is an image of regeneration . Simile . The minde distempered . Note . Pray that thou maist see how God proceedeth with his children , in the worke of their saluation . Prayer and thanks giuing best sacrifices How Papists follow Peter . Abels offering . Heb. 11.4.5 Prayer . ●ostirre vp ourselues in prayer . Spirit of faith . Zach. 12. 10. To offer vp our prayers to God , albeit in perplexitie of spirit wee knowe not how to pray . Rom. 8. 26. 27 Simile . Confession of sinne . Freedome of ioy , and freedome of sorrow . 1 God with his prouidence will watch ouer vs. 2 3 Similie . Note well : affliction soone tries godly and godlesse . The wicked are but cowards vnder the crosse . Christs tēptations . Matth. 4. Hard to trust and rest on Gods promises . Sim●● . Few men truely fearing . Simile . To be poysoned with false doctrin , or stung with an euill conscience . No familiaritie with the wicked . How the faith of Gods children suffereth from the vane imaginations of vnbelieuers . Simile . Differēce betweene persons , & callings , and liues . Note . Note well the societie of the wicked . Note . To loue God only as we be taught in his word . Similie . To trust onely in God. The godly often troubled with vnbeliefe . Perseuerance Simile . The cōsumption of the soule . How Gods saints haue many changes in this life and wherefore . Ignorance Rom. 6. 2. Hope ▪ Feeling and knowledge how confirmed . Wherfore the Lord doth no more blesse publike exercises . Vers. ●0 . Simile . Good conference . Note the goodnesse of the Lord to his children when hee plagueth the wicked . Seuerall punishmēts for seuerall sins . Scorners . Fornication . Prayer . A visible iudgement of God. All vanitie both of life and religion is but deceit . The word of God only neuer deceiueth vs. Testimonies . The rich mercy of God to the faithful in opening their eyes , when so many millions are left in darknesse and miserie . Excessiue feare . They may looke to be protected that haue a good cause , and de ohandle that cause well . Perseuerance . Prayer . Constancie in a good cause . Feeling of wants . Hard to belieue the word . The triall of our faith , when God delaies to perform his promises . Two things sustaine vs in troubles . Merite . Simile . The Saints euer bewaile the remnants of ignorance and incredulitie . Perseuerance Difference betweene the faith of Gods children , and presumption of the wicked Decaies of faith , must make vs repeat our petitions often . A godly iealousie ouer our selues , a thing most necessarie . Hic & deinceps . No superfluitie in this Psalme . Coherence to be noted . Simile . Constancie in the faith in generall backesliding . How to pray against enemies . Note . Rules for prayer against enemies . 1 2 3 4 5 Some prayed with the zeale of the flesh . When men proceed to the vtter contempt of the word , God will rise against thē . Generall plagues for the contempt of the word . Contempt of the word in priuate persons . Vse of the doctrine . The wisedom of Gods children to preuent sin . A singular grace to loue religiō , when it is most commonly despised . We may not loue that best which the world esteems best . A good rule . Depth of mystery in plainnes of words . Heart seat of diuinitie . Triall of heart . Note . Note . Affections . Note . Popish doctors of reasō . A wit not hūbled hinders vs in godlinesse . Loue. Canticles . Griefes . Motions . Mercie . 〈…〉 nts 〈…〉 they 〈…〉 . 〈…〉 c●p ▪ 7 7. 〈…〉 true sense . A two fold iudgement : the one in righteousnes , another in mercie . We are to follow the holy Prophets &c. in their holy affections . Note . Note . The name of the Lord. The word , the onely glasse to see and know the Lord. Iohn . 14. 23. Psalm . 119. A mirrour of godlinesse . Freewill . Albeit wee haue the light of the word , yet the Lord must opē our eyes before we can see . Affection . Anger . Watchfulnes Simile . To meet with tēptations before sinne be perfected . Simile . Godly feare . The dominion of sinne . Rom. 6. 12. Not to bee tempted . Heretikes . 〈…〉 ●0 . Note . Simile . The blindnes of sinnes . Simile . Note the louing mercie of the Lord couering our manifold infirmities . Simile . The Christiā warfare . The end of all deliuerances . Thankfulnes Two principall props in trouble . Esay 5. Godlinesse . Afflictions . Gods countenance . Godly sorrow . Loue to Gods word . Simile . God iust in his prouidence . Note . Diues and Lazarus . Matth. 5. Incredulitie in Gods children . Beleeuing the word . That the 119. Psalme concernes all the regenerate . Iobs sinnes . Note . A true propertie of zeale . Galath . 6. 1. Zeale for the contempt of the Word . Of Zeale . Diuers kinds of zeale . 1 2 3 The first propertie of true zeale . The first rule of true zeale Toleration of many things for the peace of the church The second rule of true zeale . Two obseruations . The second ▪ obseruation . Simile . Conscience of thoughts . The third rule of zeale . The fourth rule of zeale . Triall of our obedience . To heare with the frailties of Gods children . Duties of loue euen to Gods children . The fift rule of zeale . Sufficiencie for the ministery . The sixt rule ●● zeale . Difference betweene fretting anger and pining zeale . Admonition . Our vnbeleefe , and wherefore we see it not . Triall of our zeale . Our vnbeleefe is shewed vs in the often repetitions of the commendatious of the word . No idle repetitions in this Psalme . M. Bradford and holy Martyrs much lamenting euer f●r their vnbeleefe . The word of God a tried friend in troubles . Simile . Dauid against Goliah Triall of our loue to the word . Triall of our loue to the word . How Christians differ much from heretikes . Heretikes cannot abide the word . Good notes for prayer . 1. Importunate in praier with God. Luk. 1● . 1. 2 Wherfore God delayes to graunt our requests . 2. Wisedome of he spirit in prayer . Our times for prayer . Sabbath . Luk. 10. 41. 42 Callings . Diligence in hearing and prayer . Note . Sabbath two Sermons . the mornings 〈…〉 e●es . Note . Preparation and meditation . Preparation . The min●s●e● ▪ Balaams witchcrafe . Num ▪ 23. 22. 23. Meditation . The morning : meditation . 1 2 3 Note . 1. Cor. 7. Ierem. 7. 13. Iob. 8. 2. Matth. 21. 18. The third point , cheerefulnes in prayer . Spirite of cheerfulnes a singular grace . Note . The fourth propertie in prayer , is Faith. Faith and patience . A iudgement of mercy and of seueritie . Note . Note . Note . Secret sinnes . Note . Witchcraft . Zeale . Anger ▪ Hypocrisie . Note . Note . Rom. ● . 3. 4. 5. Luk. 7. 47. Dulnes . Esay . 25. ● . Feare . Consulting with witches Is Gods feare be wanting , there is no temptation so great , but we fa●● in●o it Triall of our feare of God. False feare . Simile . Witchcraft . A true note of Gods child The true ioy of the faithfull , howfor it ex●●●des all carnall ioy . Triall of our ioy . Simile . Sabbath . Dulnesse in prayer and other holy exercises . Feare and ioy tempered together . Loue to good things and hatred of euill things may not slak● in vs. Prayer . Admonitiō . Relapse . Polygamie . Heresie or prof●●●nesse like to follow our securitie . The true faith worketh by loue Iohn . 17. Furies . Application . Waiting an effect of faith Asoūd faith breedeth a good conscience . Incredulitie hastie . A patient faith . Impatience . True faith not without good workes . To iustifie diuersly taken . How we are iustified by workes . Simile . Simile . Simile . Repetitiōs in prayer how reprooued . Simile . Promises are generall . Prayer must bee ioyned with faith & knowledge . Ripenes of iudgement , and quicknes of affections , whence . Thankesgiuing the end of Gods blessings . Many thinke they loue God his word , & religion , whē indeed they doe not . Simile . How to holde fast true Wisedome , The cause of forgetfulnes , is carelesnes . Two things to be auoided ; first , vanitie of minde : secōdly , worldlinesse , if wee will entertain and possesse wisedome . What to be auoided . Simile . To auoyd the societie of the wicked . Citò , longè , tardè . Psalm . 119. and 1●0 . 1 The practises of the wicked against the godly . 2 3 What euill examples doe No hope of Lucre or preferment must linke vs in any league with wicked men . Reasons of the former precept . The delight of the wicked A true marke of the wicked . How we must endeuour to s●irre vp ot●ers ●o ●●ad ne● : ●●● be 〈…〉 we haue not performed any such autie . Psal. 119. It is not sufficiēt to flie the counsells an● companies of the wicked . Wee must haste● to the societie of the godly . 〈…〉 . 〈◊〉 . ●●al . ● . 1. 2. 〈◊〉 . 16. ● . Gen. 16. 8. Vaine and vnprofitable changes , of places & of callings , &c. Two marks of a righteous man. 1 2 Notes of a good conscience . 1 2 3 Simile . Simile . Simile . Good cautiōs to keepe vs from sinne . How the wicked walke in sinne & know it not . Profit by reading , preaching , & conferring of the word . We must store vp the word in our heart , by prayer & meditations . We must not rest in the vse of one good meanes . 1 Two causes of watching ouer our hearts . 2 The second cause of watching ouer our hearts . In what respects the worldlings leaue sinne . The triall of our hearts , whether in sinceritie wee loue the Gospell for the Truths sake , or because we get some gaine & glorie by it . Cause of all sinne in our owne selues . Satā is made a chirurgion , to cure the corruption● of the Saints . How the pure heart stadeth fast in temptations . Our hearts tried two waies . The first by afflictions . The second triall of the hart by our ioy and griefe in good and euill . Desire of saluation . How to discouer a couetous heart . Care for the prosperitie of the Church , a speciall note of Gods children . Psal. 122. True triall of our ioy and sorrow . Paul afflicted , yet great ly comforted , whē he heard of the peace of the church and prosperitie of the gospell , Triall of the heart in prosperitie . To loue and speake the trueth in the least matters . How God chasteneth his children for lying . To speake the trueth in iudgement . Scorne . True knowledge , where and how to finde it . Triall of our hearts whether we principally respect Gods fauour in all our actions . Contempt of the word , what causes breed it . 1 We say the rich and the mightie est●eme it not . 1. Cor. 1. 2 We say it is too hard . Psalm . 19. 7. Hebr. 3. 12. 13. 3. Cause . Some secret or open sins , cause the word to seeme hard vnto vs. 1 2 Friendship . Common duties with godlesse men . True wisedome . Greatest fooles . Matth , 5. Fearefull to make a sporte of sinne . Psal , 73. Rom. 2. 4. 5. 2. Pet ▪ 3. Light sinnes with men , great with God. Light and small sins in appearance in Gods children seuerely punished in this world . Note . True sorrow for sinne . Salomō how qualified in his youth . Practicall & reall syllogismes far aboue imaginarie . 1. Sam. 25. 31. 32. Gal. 2. 11. 12. 13. All sins are not equall . qui me tradi●it maius peccatum habet . Turbare oculum & excaecare . Nihil leue quod praepond●ratu● m●do ▪ Note . Leuit 16. 6. 15. Heb. 7. 27. A man may shun a be●me in the darke , but we cannot see motes but in the Sunne light . Multiplex peccatum . Saint lerome saith : Si citò remouetur festuca est , si durauerit trabs est . Simile . Accusat , aggrau●t , quaerit remedium . Sathan . T it 1. élenche apotómos . Redargue praecisè B. Cortipiendo corripies . Examples practising this dutie . Note . Venit quidam è Prophetis : where a Father saith , H●ù quid est quòd venit ni●i vnus . How we must suffer reprehension , A Father saith : Ostendo illi lutum , & aspergit me ●uto ; ostendo ill● speculum , & ●llidit parieti . Exiu●e gen●i●m . Ex iure membrorum . Pr●●●be ●crrectio●em diuinam fraterna correctio . Mutua app●obatio . Mutua laus . Nam non putat se pecca●e qui à nemine corripitur . Est peccatum tuum quicquid non dis●l●ce● ubi . Who ought to be reprehended . Absti●●endum metu charita●●s non metu ●upiditatis . Munus proportionatur dono . Per oculum mentem , pervisum cogni●●onem . Ginóskeis , anaginóskeis , Cataginóskeis Sapiunt ex a●●●no pectore . Note . A rule . Deceptus in minoribus nō debet de maioribus iudicare . Mensura enim prior mensurato . Potes ne alium melius noscere quam ●● ? Feare . Griefe for sin Remedies against vncleane lusts . Note . 1 2 The reason of our corruption for sinne . Against the vnbrideled affection of youth . Simile . Simile . Youth how dangerous an age . Pheûge tàs neo●erikàs epi thumias . h●n phil●i Theòs , apothnés kei néos . Ne●phyta . Youth . ●●●um●a●es ●●●●te● . Take heed of lusts of youth Sins of youth Dauid and Salomon no Proctors for sinnes . Youth dissolute . Salomons example . Tria bonorum genera . Adulterie ▪ She called to the men of her house . Gen. 39. 14. Carnall loue 2. Sam. 13. 15. Perseuerāce 1. Sam. 24. Da● . 3. 16. Act. 5. Note . Good affections . Headstrong affections . Pray for good affections . 2. Chor. 19. 3. How to consider of Gods hand in affliction . 2. Chro. 19. 2 , The conscience in afflictions . 1. Pet. 5. 9. The crosse needfull . Faith. Note . Patience . Headie affections . To seeke vnlawful means in affliction . The Crosse of Christ. Health ▪ The Lord hath holpen the vnworthie often in afflictions . Curse● . Simile . Triall of faith . Sicknesse . Patience . For what causes the Lord chastiseth his elect in this life . 1 Heb. 12. 3. 4. 5 2 3 4 5 6 The tryall of anger . Patience . 1 2 3 4 Baptisme , how effectuall in the faithfull . Baptisme in Poperie . Baptisme of women vnlawfull . 2. Cor. 5. 18. 19. 20. Contempt of Baptisme , dangerous : not the omission . Godfathers in Baptisme . Catechising . Couetousnes . Mans desire how satisfied . Simile . Simile . Note . Desire of riches . Many rich men are emptie of all goodnes . The nature of riches . Many rich poore . Simile . Riches Thornes . How some rich men die . Vse of riches . Note . The heathen poore man at the first , would haue of his God but 1000. sheepe , but after he desired more saying : Pauperis est numerate pecus . Riches cānot fill the soule , Simile . Parēts to rest ●n Gods preuidence . Triall of our faith in Gods prouidence . Couetousnes , how dangerous . The readyest way to obtain temporall blessings . Carking care Carking care . Earthly blessings no signs of Gods fauour . Wee must take heec●●●● & to what end we vse things lawfull in themselues . How Christ calleth vs. Our loadstar to Paradise . Carnall reason . How to obey Christ when he calleth . Decay of Gods gifts . Idlenesse . Angels . Not to enter into any calling rashly . Our infirmities in our calling . Ministerie . Truth of our calling . Triall of our selues before we enter into any calling . Reason to Christ is an euill seruingman . Christs two crownes . Conference . Not to be too strict and silent , whē occasion of good speech is offered . Note . Good speeches . Our speech is insigne potentiae diuinae , vinculum societatis humanae . Tenera , mollis & ex●gua . Iam. 3. 6. Schismatickes , and heretickes . Who forsake the Church , Protestants or Papists . Matth. 18. Binding and loosing in the Church . Rom. 3. 1. 2. The dignitie of the church The Church deer to christ Note . 2 Cor. 11. Means wanting , or superstition set vp , howe much they differ . Church of the Iewes . Church of the Gentiles . The day of iudgement . 2. Pet. 3. Tolle hanc & ipsa Angelc●ū gloria claudicabit . O magnnm vinculum charitatis ! quo & ipse Deus alligari voluit . Diligis me plus his ? Pasce oues meas , cōfirma Fratres ●ous : symbolū amoris , cura Ecclesiae . Primitiae mundi . Municipe● coelorum . Phil. 3. 20. Ho●tus conclusus . Fo●s signatu● . To acknowledge our faults one to another . Grace . Gods word . Hiding sinne ; How to rise when we fall into any sin . Note . Conscience is tender . Desire all good . Luk. 16. Shipwrack of good consci●nce how dā●●rous . Examination of the conscience . The watch-word of the conscience . True peace of conscience . The state of man before grace , and in grace . The peace of the wicked . Mo●e . Psal 37. 37. Note . To be iealous ouer our own corrupt affections . The eye and conscience tender . Schir●us ocuii . Schir●hosis conscientiae . How the consciēce is hardened . What sinne brings wrath Note : Simile . Simile . qui non corrigit seipsum , alij corrigent s● per ipsum . Simile . Melius est vt pereat vnus quàm vnitas . We can see clearly intellectu directo but with bleare eyes i●●ellectu refle●o . Admonition how profitable . Euil reports . Simile . A good ceremonie . What ceremonies are receiued and retained in the Church with profit . Col. 2. 17. What ceremonies bee abrogated . Sabbath . Last times . Last dayes . Eschátais hemérais . Christian liberty , turned into vnchristian licentiousnes . Ecclesiast . 11. Bonum iuuenile . Youth . Zeale tried . Pleasures . 1. Cor. 10. Basil & Ier●●ns austeritie in fasting . Pleasures . Christ is our Captaine . Christ a Lambe . Affliction of minde . Christ is our wisedome . Seeke not for great things in the flesh . Righteousnes . 3 Sanctificatiō . Mary Magdalen . Matthew . Cretians . Naturall corruption . Promises . 4 Redemption . The most holie haue need of Christs righteousnes : and the most righteous of his holines . Note . Christ holdeth his kingdome by two titles . Feeling . Simile . Faith without feeling . The death of the soule . Simile . Simile . Meditation of Iudgemēt . Simile . Meditation of death . Loth to die . Wherefore some desire to die . Iudgement . Morbus magnus magnum remedium . P●dor , Dolor , Timor , Augustine . Maxima est poena timorem amisisse iudicij . Fac , fac , vel timore poenae , si nondum potes amore iustitiae . Simile . Cùm dicis timeo quid dicturus sum , malè times , vanè times . Dominus ablato timore su●jcit timo●●● , dicturus sum ●lanè time . Primum timo●ne facias , de●n amor , ●● ve●●s face●e , ●●●●●si possis . Of the day of iudgement . Verbum hoc iudicij vtinam nemo transi●er siue iudicio . Si i● nobis ea ess●t cura quae coram terreno iudice sistendorum , s●●●iciter age●●m●s . 1. Iudgemēt of man. 2. The iudgment seate within vs. Iudgement of the conscience . The strokes of mans conscience . Young mens consciences . Simile . ● . Iudgemēt . Losse of grace . What men are beside their wits . Iudgement ▪ Vert●s ille iudic j●dies , in quo omni● causa ca●it . Ven●er , veni●● ille dies , in quo malè i●dicatus re●ud●cabitur . Three things in iudgemēt ▪ ● . Action ▪ * Qu●rks in Ia● : Apex iuris pro iure ●●m●●e & ●●bt●li , ●pinolaque di putatione . V●pian . Note . 2. Sentence . 3. Executiō . No flying from Gods iudgement . Simile . Luk. 16. A description of the torments of hell . Against thē that are either carelesse or curious in things concerning the day of Iudgment . A worthy meditation of the day of iudgement . The ancients erred concerning the day of iudgemēt . How the day of iudgement is said to be ●eer● . Lying . Swearing . Securitie . The shortnes of life . Anerh eméra● Psal. 90. 9. Simile . Space short , and motion swift , Life ▪ howe short . To number our daies . To number our daies , a rare kind of Arithmeticke . Psalme 90. 70. yeeres . How to num ber our daies Sodain death Our life is but the present time . Wisedome . Death . The readiest way to prolong life . How the meditation of death is profitable . 1 Simile . 2 Fainting of heart in affliction , the meditation of death a preseruation against it . 3 Against the vaine loue of this present life . Marie and Marthaes wisedome . Dulnes when God hath inru●hed vs with his graces . Good speeches in conference . A spirituall blessing . A secret curse . To see and feele the shining countenance of the Lord. To beleeue the word before feeling . Faith vnder the crosse without feeling . Note . Education of children . Ho neo● ou● estin ●●koto● aki òaaes ton etkikon . See Clement Alexand. pedagog . 3. booke . Porphyr . principio quaest . Homer . Cyril . wri● 24. Catechis . Aristotles meaning of this : Inuends hon est idon●●● auditer moralis Philosophiae . Note . Children punished for sin . Note . Christsyouth Childrē must not be lost for teaching . Children apt to vice . Deut ● . The office of a Catechist . Preaching and Catechizing , how distinguished . Summes or Epitomes . * Hupotúposi ●eche gugia●●ontôn logôn . * 〈…〉 n didac●es . We may not be secure after we sipped a litle knowledge in the Catechisme . Catechizing before the flood . Catechizing after the flood Sibils bookes Catechizing ●nder the lawe . 400. Houses of catechising in Ierusalem . Katechoúmenos ek tou nomon . Who catechized . De catechizandis rudibus ▪ No kingdom if not but by catechizing receiued the Gospel within forty yeers after Christs passion . Coloss. 2. 23. Reasons for Catechizing 1 2 3 4 Esay 28. See the first part . Note . Education ef children . See the Sermon of education , in the third part . Antichrist . De raris non praecipitur . Note . How far we may follow others . * De vita beata . Pecora campi . Hard to iudge , but we soone credit . Nemo sic denarios suos . To consent to sinne is cosen to the committing of sinne . How this word vulgus is to be taken . Great things are not alwaies good , and the greatest number is not alwaies best . Vict● est prouocare ad populum . Circumcisiō by Zipporah . Exod. 4. Examples in Scripture how to be followed . 1 2 3 4. The defence of sinne . qui laudant peccatores . 1 2 3 4 5 6 Res ipsa loquitur . Prefermēts . Simile . Impedire qui potest , si non v●tat iubet . Alicna peccata si feras , facis tua Seneca . Ambros. ad Rom. 1. Sunt quidam qui se reos non putant , si non operentur quae mala sunt , assentiunt autem facientibus , ( assentire enim est si cum possint reprehendere taceant ) qui quia fomitem praebent illorum peccatis , digni sunt vt pari crimine censeantur . Multi perentiunt vt gra●dines . Potentes vt fulmina . Mal● errate cum Pla●one quàm verum dicere cum alio . Authorem magnum sequi est penè sape●e . A. It is rather desipere quod exemplo fit i● iure fieri videtur . A. The Lawyers answere videtur sed stultis . Patres , principes & propheiae . 1. Sam. 29 6. We haue two reasōs for sin , and we often bolsterit with authoritie of great men , or example of the learned which wee must not doe . It is not good to smother sin whiles it is young . Heart . Affection . Sinne must haue iudgement . Gregor . Moral . O Iob bene enumerasti vitam impr●borum : dic finem quaeso . T●●minum ad quem . Simile . Non qua sed quo . Iudgement . How we must order our eyes . Noli mihi dicere pudicum oculum impudicum cor . Oculus videns non videt . 1. Impera , 2. Caue . 3. Tutus eris . 4. Tutior si lignum non aspexeris . Rom. 13. 13. Note . Heb. 3 12. 13. Villa . He meanes for religious fasts : & not gainsaying any thing the ciuill fasts commanded by law for nauigation sake Simile . Meanes . The apish imitation of poperie in the coniuring of holy water with salt is ridiculous . Vse the exercises of religion for spirituall cofort . &c not for ostentation , &c. Totēpt God in neglecting the vse of meanes . A good meditation against impatience . * Being truly hūbled in a religious fast * Gnain Oculum & fontem significat . The eyes springs of lust As of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh , so of the abundance of the senses the heart thinketh . Note . * Ampliare praecepta . Simile . Vna gutta , limbus tantum . Matth. 17. More dangerous to see than to heare euil . Simile . Tinder . The couetous eye . The adulterous eye . The eye of idlenes . The eye of pride . Simile . Innocens intuitu● , aspectu fit nocens , quicquid placet sensui non potest non placere . Vbi dolor , ibi manus . * or sound . Vbi amor ibi oculus . Of apparell . Bernard , omnia pulcherima ipsi cum sint turpissimi . Himatismòs . * Poluteles . Costly apparell . * Oi●on●m●● . Prayer . Imo non cupio ●ffe idem , cupio n● iis contrarius . Prophets . Matth. 6. 20. Praeterita & praesentia sunt vmbrae futurorum . Prophets . The ordinari● workes of Gods prouidence most admirable , if we would cōsider them daily . Psalm . Malach. 3. 16. The eye the sense of certaintie . Plus mihi profuit dubitatio Thomae , quàm credulitas Mariae . Prudentia & certitudo . Faith actiue and passiue . Cause of vnthankefulnes . Contentation . Experimenall faith . Faith and feeling . Ius cēsorium . Ius praetoriū . Two courts of iustice . Persecution ▪ To see by faith the secret blessings and curses of God on man in this life . Decay of fath . * In aduersitie . Note . Doubts . 1 Three notes of Gods fauour . 2 Note . Affection . 3 Desire . Loue. The hunger after righteousnes . Mat. 5. Comfort to Gods children in feeling their secret corruptions . Note . Hardnes of heart . A sweete consolation for a troubled spirit . The godly are not free from euill motions . The feeling of Gods promises and fauour written in our heart . Christ freeing vs from the condemnation of sin , will also free vs from the corruption and power of sinne . The death of sinnne in vs. Simile . 1 Three kinds or causes of feare . 2 3 Properties of feare . Esay 5. 3. Feare Gods threatnings . Note . 1. Pet. 1. 23. Feare Gods promises . Pietie in aduersitie . Note ▪ Feare mixt with faith . Friendship . Note ▪ Familie . Seruants . Note . Presumption Note ▪ Exod. 17. ●2 ▪ 24 14. The loue of brethren . Simile . Affection . 2. Tim. 3. 3. Of Fathers ▪ Ioh● . Simile . Ignorance of old age . The vse of Affliction . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. To seek mens fauour more then the fauour of God. Sweet ioyes and feelings vnder the crosse . Gods fauour and co●●tenance in affliction . Sacraments . The afflictions of the Church in Egypt were Gods rod to driue them forth to the promised land . Notes of brotherhood . Coloss. 1. 14. Deceit in contracts . Matth. 18 3. Reuenge . Note . Note Gods iudgement . Simile . Prayer . Papists rest in the worke wrought . By what meanes we must draw neere to God. Non gressib . sed precib●itur ad Deum . Oratio est Deo sacrificium , homini subsidium , Daemoni flagellum . That we can neither suffer the wrath of God , nor flie from it , the best is to yeeld vnto it . Confession . Knowledge . Psal. 32. 45. We may not indent with God. We pause to passe in heauenly things though we be guided , but wee runne fast enough in earthly things thogh no man guide vs. Simile . Faith. We cannot serue two cōtrary maisters . How we must follow Christ Certaine indices or notes to know whether we iourney to heauen 1 2 3 Simile . Seeing wee must follow Christ , we had better follow to saluation than to destruction . Simile . Simile . Simile . Simile . Fruits of the spirit . Mercie and Iustice. Th● theefe on the Crosse Simile . Notes and markes of faith in the theefe on the crosse . The ioy of a good conscience vnder the crosse . 2. Cor. 1. 12. Sorrow . How to prepare our selues against the day of death and iudgement . To appeare before God without a m●diator how fearefull . Gods mercie . Psalm . 103. Christ suffered in soule . Grace . The couetous desire of riches . 2. Pet. 3. 18. Simile . Preseuerāce . Gifts of the spirit . Rom. 2. 4. Gods patiēce . How we may trie our loue 1 to God , or rather to the world . 2 3 4 5 Psal. 144. 6 7 Zich . 13. 1. The paines of hell are endlesse , cas●lesse , and hopelesse . Tere●t . Note . Of the wrath of God. If any thing cause the lord to be angrie , it is sinne . Why the anger of God is oft set downe by fire . Of three things which may keepe vs from sinne . 1 Shame . 2. Griefe . 3. Feare . Simile . Why mercy is to be loued . Mercy is either in giuing or forgiuing . Pension of mercie to be shewed and paid to our brethren . Simile . Note . Giuing . Mercy to the poore . Psalm . 16. A talent of riches . A talent of knowledge . That which goes for currant & good payment in this world is not currant in another . Of the punish ment of the wicked . Simile . Albeit this meditation concerning the keeping of the heart , be past in the fourth part , Tit. Of meditatiōs on Pro. 4. v. 23. yet for that here we haue some amplificatiō , and some difference in his manner of handling this argument , I thought it lesse offēce to giue thee both ( good Reader ) than to depriue thee of either of thim . Fabula vulgi . Causam pro non causa . Conscience of sinne . Note . To laugh at sinne what it argueth . Carnall Protestants . Note . Of good affections and desires . Rom. 7. Looke most of all temptations and griefes on thy Corruption naturall . Temptatiōs . Simile . Dauids adulterie . Note . Temptatiōs . How we may trie our selues by our afflictions and affections . We must watch ouer euery motion of the heart , and occasion of the eye . Est quaedam cog●tare voluptas . Spatiaba● in clausti● cordis m●● . qui cum lucerna splende● videt te : cùm lucerna extincta e●● videt ●e , ipsum time . Immistae cog●ationes . Two heads of many sinnes . Bernard , quid est cortuum , nisi voluntas tua ? Ni●●l itaque punit Deus nisi voluntatem , t●lle ha●c & ●nternum non erit . Two waies . The first way of Gods Commandements . The second , way of our owne hearts . Three thīgs to be considered concerning our way 1 2 Heb. 6. 12. 12. 1. To follow the multitude . Note . To follow our owne lusts . Lutum Deo , sed cera Daemoni . 2. Pet. 3. 14. 15. 16. Simile . Note . Immissae & ascendentes . Two kinds of thoughts . Iohn . 13. Simile . The rauens will not goe farre from a dead carcasse . But delight still to be in the sent of it , euen so doe we with sin . 6 7 Scala Inferni . Simile . A controuersie concerning an Iland between Scotland and Ireland . Faith contrarie to reason . Hope contrarie to experience . Many will say , If I can fetch it within the compasse of my braine , I will beleeue it . This man may cast the Bible in the fire for any profit he reapes by it . Of the circumcision of the heart . How we must circumcise the foreskin of our hearts . Vers. 9. Thoughts not free . The tenth cōmandemēt . The spa●ne of finis is in euery man. 1. Creation . 2. Prouidēcs 3. Redemptiō A sound . A voyce ▪ A word ▪ The word of God. Simile . Hearing the word of God , is the best hearing . 1. Cor. 1. Preaching . How we must heare the word . Note these foure things . 1. Preparatiō 2. To heare all that is taught vs , & not parcels ▪ 3. Constancie in hearing . 4. A desire to practise the thing we heare . Hebr. 4. 12. Wee must heare the word as Gods word , while it is daye It is good to heare of the threatnings as well as of the promises . Simile . * That is in Prosperitie ▪ Why the Lord oft threatneth in his owne person . * As in publike calamities . Preachers . Great graces Simile . 1. Pride . 3 4 Ripenes in sin Gen. 5. Rules for the right vsage of the creatures and of Gods blessings and graces receiued . 1 Arguments for humiliation . 2 2. Cor 11. Numb . 12. 1. 3 Meanes to cure pride . Rom. 7. 2. Cor. 12. Simile . Humilitie . See 1. p. counsels . Hypocrisie . Of two sorts of pride . Mater heraeseôn , Vermis diuitiarum . Pride in apparell and strange attire Pride of women which set vp signes in their foreheads . Iob. 39. 37. 38. 1. ta mora tò●●osmou . 2. tà as ther è 3. tà ag●● . 4 ▪ tà exouth●●●m●●a . 5. tà mè ●●ta How hypocrisie differeth from true godlines . Simile . Hypocrites like bankerupts . Triall of our ioy after affliction . Sicknes . Note well . They that s●e their secret hypocrisie with griefe , shall doe well . Godly simplicitie . Hardnes of heart . Psalm . 95. Rom. 1. Heb. 3. Peccatum paena peccati . Psal. 69. 27. Note . 1 2 4 Markes of hypocrisie . 5 6 7 8 9 De agris populo diuidend●s , Liui●s l. 2. 10 11 12 Simile . 1 How natural men measure others by thēselues . 2 3 Deut. 28. Leuit. 26. Prou. ●8 . To feare mē . Feare & the remedie of it . A hardened heart , a greater plague than any of the plagues of Aegypt . Psal. 119. Gen. 41. 56. 2. Pet. 3. 1● . Psal. 77. If we applie ▪ we must applie to the heart . Mark. 6. Heresie . Note . In what thīg and how far the diuel may be sai● to be strong . Omnia facit diabolus non tam potentia sua quàm negligentia nostra . Simile . Examples see before . Ther● bee foure speciall companions of sinne . 1. Ignorance . 2. Errour . 3. Worldlinesse . 4. Hypocrisie Of many corrupt ki●d● of knowledg ▪ & what is the right knowledge . 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 Example . 4 Preseuerāce . Note . Knowledge . Conferre Zach. 12. 10. Ioel. 2. 28. with Esay . 2. Cor. 4. 3. 4. The diuel pestereth the Church with ill teachers and blinde guides . The flocke of Christ is bought with Christs blood See death and iudgement . Micah . 6. 1. Esai . 1. 1. The Lord is iust when he doth iudge . How God is an accuser and an acquiter . The promises or threatnings of Israel appertaine to vs. Sorrow . Mirth . Melancholy . Chairein ano charas bios ou bios . To adde drunkennes to thirst . Vers. 19 Non noti sumus ad lud● 1 2 3 4 The second kinde of ioyes Petti● ioyes Bitter sweet ioyes . Seeming ioyes . A mouldie soule , and a drie heart . Simile . 1. Aischrótes . ● ▪ Morologia Eutra●eleia . Si pudeat audire , pudeat dice●e 1 á●●gos . 2 Eucharistiā . Tauerne-mirth . It is his Catastrophe . 3 Ducunt in bonis dies suos , & to puncto temporisibunt in infernum . 4 quum debes assistere iudicio , quomodo sic rides ? Take no pleasure in pleasure . How far wee may reioyce . Note well . Yoūg age is a dāgerous age We may vse pleasure , but with restraīt Affections . Verecunda initia suntomnis peccati . Wantonnesse ends in wickednesse . Iniurie . Helpe . Reuenge . Offēces small sinnes . Matth. 5. Num. 20. How far controuersies are permitted in the Church o● God Fia● pax as fiat lux . Wherefore controuersies and heresies be in the Church . 1 2 3 Truth and peace goe together . * See chap. 71. Flabellum . Sedition . In dissention , what we must obserue . 1 2 3 4 5 Vtilius scand●lum nascitr , quàm veritas deseritur . We will either doe as we list , or not doe any thing at all . Of giuing voyces in ciuill , or Ecclesiasticall assemblies . Who they be that preuent , and what it is to preuent others . Anger . What iniuries are to be borne . To win with loue . Worldlings know not the God of prouidence . Simile . Iudgement . Iudging . Learne wisely to consider of Gods works Of folly diuers kinds . 1 2 3 Praestat nasci iumentum , quam compar●r . ●ume●t● . Iudging and reprouing . Against Libertines . We are too censorious in the sinne of other , and too remisse in our owne . Enuie whē it dispraiseth . ana flattery when it praiseth must bee ●ad in iea●ousie . The best kind of praise is not in word but in deede to commend . Lauda vt videam . How wee ought to seeke God and how many seeke him peruersly 1. Sam. 19. 18. Schooles . The Diuels sophistrie disioyneth things conioyned by the Lord. Pleasures . The wisdome of God is apparent in all the ●●rd and yet in some place more then in aenother . Diáphthalma . It is a fool● , choise to chuse earthl● things before , and rather then heauen●● things , & to make God the last , & least part in our desires . Caelarum Arge●●um . Priùs & plus . Couetousnes , in the ministerie . Riches haue two endes . 1. Either to leaue thee , 2. or thou shalt leaue them . Obiection of the multitude against knowledge answered . Howsoeuer o●r fathers were mercifull , iust , &c. yet they were guiltie of ignorance , and the people of our time contrary want mercie and iustice . 1. King. 13. 5. 6 His hand was dried vp , and restored to him againe . Signes which drawe men from the true God and his word . 2. Thess. 2. 10. 11. Manna miraculous . Manna . Meanes to keepe vs from sinne . Confer Exod. 11. 21. with Deut. 1. 13. 1 Magistrates must bee men of wisedome . How wisdom & prouidēce differ . 2 Magistrates must be prudent men . 3 The Magistrate must be a man of a good heart & courage . 4 The Magistrate must be a man fearing God. The Magistrate must be one that to ●●● to de●●● truely and to walke vprightly . The Magistrate may not respect persons . 6 The Magistrate must hate filthy gaine . The differēce between oppression and extortiō . Gifts . 7 The Magistrate must be a man well knowne , and well reported of . Vse of the former doctrine . The Magistrate must temper loue , mercie , and iustice together . Discipline . The Magistrate is specially to care for Gods glorie , and the safetie of Gods people . Psalm . 16. 3. Contempt of Magistrates Note . The sinnes of the people imputed to the Magistrates and Ministers . Affections agreeing in good things . Chosen in mariage . 1. Pet. 3. ● . 7. How far the husband is to honour his wife . 2. Sam. 6. Iob. 2. God giues the blessing of holy marriage to make men more seruiceable vnto him . The subiection of the wife to the husbād how God requireth it . 1. Pet 3. 1. 2. 3 The loue of the wise to the husband . Wiues must helpe their husbands in Gods affaires 1. Cor. 7. 3. 4. ● A good lesson for all . Consent of parents . Not to tie God to one meane for the breeding and increase of faith . What to breake in our Ministerie . Simile . To pray for the Ministerie . Not to offend a godly Minister . Tit. 1. 11. 12. 13. Ioh. 16. The Minister must reproue sinnes sharpely . The weightie ca●ing of the Ministerie requireth a wary entring into so high a dignitie . Advtrumque pa● ati . Semel constituendum , diù deliberandum . A good admonition to such as purpose to enter the great calling of the ministerie . Attendite vobis . In matters of great wisdom Christ vseth both grauitie & wisdom to make vs more diligent in hearing , which also teacheth vs the right kinde of hearing . Acroas●e . How dull mā is in hearing the Word . The hearing of the heart . 42. Hom. in Iohannē . Capit , & capitur . Sermones Dei si caniuntu 1 , capiunt . How wee are to deale with allegories . Of the high dignity of the Ministerie , and of the great indignitie which some put vpon it . Preachers must bee prepared for trouble . If wee will profes Christ wee must beare the cros of Christ though● bee an heauie yoke to flesh and blood . What thoughts Sathan doth suggest into men to dislike their callings . Outreaching & raging cōmendations must learne modestie and measure of the holy Ghost . A description of God his worke . Light. Darknes . A pithie praise of the calling of the Ministerie . Labralactucas . The sacriledge of our time in Church robberies , oh that the learned wold more preach it , and write against it . Psalm ▪ 42. Ecclesiastes . Heb. 1. ver . last ▪ Diuers kinds of good . Speake pleasing things and serue the time . A modest preoccupatiō in speaking of the Ministerie . What care to be had in admitting any to the calling of the Ministery . * Obiection . O●us est vel ipsis Angelis formidandam . Bernard . Rarae & eximiae virtutis negotium est , & humana facultate superius . I. Ca●u . How respect must be had of if ● mealling to the Ministerie . ●iam in ipso Christo prius spiritus quam legatio ▪ o●um ●●am aren● . Many arguments of Christs excellencie in all knowledge and learning . Ioh. 7. ● . Mark. 3. 2● . Pauls learning and knowledge in humanitie . Nugae in or●●acerd ▪ ●s quasi blasphemiae sunt : ●oe-d●●ou●tur ad ri●u●● oe-dius mo●et . Bern. Futurus Pastor Ecclesiae ●alis eligatur , cuius comparatione ●aeter● merito g●e●● dicātur . ●●er . ad Ocean . Vehementer ●n●re●at ▪ attd●t tet●c● , sin minus vehementer audit frigidus . * Gen. ●7 . 22. Chrysost. in Act. 2. Hier ad Greg. lib. Epist. 9. quid in te miratur multitudo , si sua in te recog●os●at , si ●●●●●e respiciat , quod vlt●●●e inuen at , ●● quae in se erube●ca● ; in t● que●● rener●ndum ar●●tra●●● offendat ▪ Cyp●●an ●● epist ad Haeret. Consulen●● de via , si ●●am in Dieauerit , alia ipse iuerit , non indicantem sequaris sed euntem . Malus Minister Nisus diaboli . 1. Cor. 9. 29. The euill life of Ministers how dangerous . Simile . Simile . Eloquence in preaching . Against such as are negligent in the Ministerie , who by distinctions allow their sin , but we must doe that which is without all controuersie , not intermingling it with bastard distinctions . Precepts large and promises nar●●w . Interdum & per alium . Si forte . Senecas commendation . That Ministers must not be absent from the flock and performe duties by substitutes . The promise of God ought to spurre to obedience . The promises of God are not of any desert , but free . Two kinds of debts . Note . Against merit of workes . * Or rather t●nure . Hope . Gods childrē want often peace of conscience . The promises of God are a great treasure , & must make vs thāk full . * Blessed i● the man whō God chasteneth & teacheth him in his law . Psalm . 94 ● 20 Simile . Gods promises free . The Iewes or Hol●ue● described and how God found them . ●erem . 31. 1. Conditions annexed to promises , either vnderstood or expressed . The Bible is Gods Libra rie ; argumēts to commend the excellency of it . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 How ●●p●●u● m●n a●use Scripture , to their owne per●●●●n . 1 Pater n●eus m●or me . Rep●●tus est in torm●ser●i . 3 Al●um Pa●acletum m●ttam vobis . 4 Tu es Petrus . 5 Regnum Dei est m●ra vos . 6 Sect m●n● pa em um omnibus . The holy Ghost must teach v● Magistrates Numb . 12. 1. 2. Remedies against a murmuring . 1 2 3 Conferre all this Chapter with his Sermon of murmuring in the third part for there is but little added here which is not there , & yet I would not omit this . Contentation Patience . Wherefore we wāt many things which we desire . How we flie from God in trouble . Nothing can please vs whē we haue not our desires . Magistrates The sinnes of this age grea ter than of elder ages . The strōgest may fall . Patience . Psal. 62. 1 ▪ 3. My soule kee peth silence vnto God. Simile . His halfepeni● and let●ise toe . A● vpright life and good consci●nce better than the fauour of men . Simile . The Lacedemonian saide of his shield to his souldier . Aut hanc , aut super banc Ruat mundus potiùs quàm nō fiat iustiri● . Aut tu , aut multi morientur . The Crosse how needfull . De hoc liquore , sae●la futura bibent . Alijs ministro meipsum consumo . Iudicia erunt post iudicium , Propter vitam perdere viuendi caus●m . Drunkards . A●●t●erie . Insoelices boni qui non habent tantam perseuerantiam in bono quantam mali in malo . Nemo impune malus . Impietie . Watchfulnes . Deus aeternus , aeterna . quid leuitati & aeternitati . Praemium aeternum aeternam requirit seruitutem . Iud. 7. ●2 . Christus perseuerauit pro te , tu ergo pro illo . A principle in the Ciuill law . Nihil praesumitur fuisse actum , don● aliquid superest ad agendū . Baldeminists said , Monacho feruenti , abbati calido , Episcopo tepido , Archiepiscopo remisso . Simile . Non perseuerare cultus est mutilus . quatenus & tantisper . Erricoménoi . Math. 7 , Vbi incipis no●le fieri melior , ibi desinis esse bonus . Non quid ●geris sed quid supersit curand● , si d●xis●● sulficit , defec●●li . Two wayes of presuming . 2. Cor. 5. 21. Prosperitie . The triall of our loue to the Gospell . Securitie . Note . Whō to feare most . 1 Why sometime the euill prosper more than doe the godly . 2 Note . The wicked sometime prosper . The afflictions of the godly in this life . Of griefe , and the temptations incident to it . Prayers An euill griefe . * Egeritur lachrymis dolor . Griefe of passion , and of compassion . Griefe of indignation . Griefe of emulation . Griefe of contrition . Griefe of a longing expectation in prayers . Psalme 13. 1. Securitie in publike calamities . Psalme . 9. By euery g●●●fe Sathā will take occasion to l●ad vs to euill . 1 2 3 4 Note . Note . To ouercome greate by faith and patience . A sweete c●nsolation for afflicted mindes . Note . Matt. 7. 1. 2 3. Excesse condemned . Act. 4. 17. Austeritie . Sobrietie . Coloss. 2. Ioseph imprisoning his brethren . Peace and prosperitie . Popish Predestination . Contentatiō . A note vpon Gen. chap. 48. vers . 21. 22. I die but God shall be with you . Prosperitie . To glorifie God in our present estate Hebr 13. 7 , Faith. Prophecying . Reuelation . 1. Cor. 14 37. The dutie o a Prophet . Pastor . Three kinds of false Prophets . The people are to pray for the Preachers , as well as the Preachers for the people . Ieremiahs preaching . Prophecying . The certainty of holy Scripture . Note . Prophecies tried . A note betweene the true & false Prophets . Pastors office in coforting the afflicted . Law and Gospel . Applications of Doctrine . Simile . The word of God must be charged vpon mens consciences , and how many waies men faile in this . 1 2 3 4 5 6 Thankefully to record Gods benefits receiued . Diseases . Triall of our faith concerning prouidence . God heares the wicked otherwhile . Note . God will neuer faile his . Corrupt reasons of blinde men concerning religion . Remedies . 1 2 3 4 How to depend on Gods prouidence . He that beleeueth that Christ is his redeemer beleeueth also that God is his prouident ●ather . See of murmuring in the third part . Gods prouidence in the preseruation of Moses . God is euer the same in his prouidēce to his faithfull children . Luk. 18. If we will haue God heare vs , let vs first see our wants ▪ Secondly , feele them . Prayer . Prayer and the word go● together . Ignorant and superstitious people doe much commend prayer , but neuer call for preaching . Secondly , some respect preaching , but not prayer . Thirdly , some do wisely respect both . Fourthly , some regard neither . Prayer and exercise most profitable . Simile . Moses infirmity in prayer . Triall of our faith by prayer . Iam. 1. ● . Prayer brīgs feeling and experience . The promises of God ought to stir vs vp vnto prayer . Prayer not vttered by voice . Simile . To manifest our griefe by prayer vnto God. Note . The Lord liketh of a stammering prayer , if wee speake in heauines of soule and vprightnes of heart . Feeling . Magistrates & Ministers praying for the people . Lifting vp of hands . The feruent prayers of a righteous man. What exercises increase knowledge most , & what feeling . Genes . 46. Gen. 31 3. Isaack . False cōforts . Verball prayers how dangerous . Temptatiōs . Barren in grace for wāt of payer . Singing of Psalmes . How we must cōuert to the Lord , & the notes of a true conuersion . 1 All sinnes . 2 We must not repent only of st●ring and grosse sinnes . 3 Speedy repentance . Simile . Non dico saluabi●u● , non dico damnabitur . Age tu poenitentiam dum sanus ●● . Repentance must bee continued . Micrópistoi . Simile . Repent in faith . Simile . Katalambánein . Properties of true penitē●s . Nō nou● substantia creatur , sed l●●befactata repatatur . After our repentance , our strife with Sathan , doth continue to the end of our dayes . What sinne we repent not truely of , wee fall to it againe . Note . Sorow for sin . How to ouercome our particular sinne . The people which murmured in the wildernesse , gaue a mani est ●igne thereby , that they repented not of their murmuring in Aegipt . To leaue a sin wee must first haue griefe of heart for it : 2 ▪ a feeling of Gods mercies in forgeting it 3. a hearty hatred of it . Wee must see our harts desiled with the sin we leaue , else it is impossible to repent . Simile . Wee must haue most griefe for our chiefest and greatest sinnes . Note a good lesson . The causes of im●netency . 1 2 3 4 Note . Repentance after forgiuenes . How to know whether one speciall sinne shal get dominion ouer vs. Priuiledges of the Elect. 1 2 3 4 Repentance Gods gift . Afflictions open the eares of many . Iob. 33. 16. The mercies of God to whom they are deare & pretious . Be not sad . Esay 23. Verse 5. Whom yee sold. Note The miserie of rich men . quicunque diues aut iniquus , aut iniqui haeres . Riches stinke in a short time . How riches are abused , and how many waies they may decay with vs and deceiue vs. Simile . Simile . Simile . How to haue both earthly and heauenly riches . Seeke the kingdome of God and the righteousnes thereof . Matth. 6. Iohn 17. The worldling prefers one corporall blessing before many spirituall graces . Note . Wherefore God denieth vs many earthly blessings . Poore in godlines . qui diligit legem , diligit Regem , qui diligit Verbum , diligit Deum . Strife in the regenerate . Rom. 7 ▪ Simile . Christ must not onely ouercome for vs , but also in vs. Our sinnes crucified Christ. Zach. 12. 10. Christ ●ow ouercome to our comfort . The Lord will cōdemne vs for the vnworthie possession of his creatures Sin the cause of the losse of many blessings . Our Sacraments . Neglect of Sacraments . Cōtēpt of our Sacraments is death . To receiue the vnworthy at the Lords Supper . The truth of the ceremony of vnleauened bread . 1 2 1. Cor. 5. 3 Papists & heretikes neuer felt the power of Christs grace . n●r any assu●●●●e of sal●●tion ●y the Sacrament , and therfore despise them . Sacramental phrases wher fore vsed . C●●●uni●ants but indifferently prepared for the Sacraments . We must abstaine from the least sin , and from all shew of sinne . Two kinds of euils . Meanes to keepe vs from sinnes , &c. ● ▪ Cor. 11. 30. 31. To prosper in sinne , a signe of wrath . See Admonition . Note . Sixe notes of the greatnes and enormitie of sinne . 1 2 3 4 5 6 Simile . Of iniquitie , and the punishment thereof . Negligence in the Ministerie . Swearing . Oppression and adulterie . Poore . Plagues threatned . Famine of Gods word . Idlenes in the Ministerie . Calamities for the contempt of the Gospell and Gods worship neglected . Popish persecution how great . Persecution . To be mooued onely with palpable and prodigious sins , a signe of securitie . Occasions of sinne . Gouernment of the eyes . A note of the di●els child and Gods. Verse 12. Hearts . The greater place we are in , the greater our sins . The Magistrates and Ministers sinne most dangerously . 1 2 3 4 Simile . Great sinnes must first out Degrees of sin . 1. 2. 3. 4. Excommunication . 1. 2. 3. 4. The order of the ancient discipline . Suspensis . 1. 2. 3. 4. Admonition . 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Simile . Psalm . 40. 12. Note . All sicke . Properties of an expert Physition . 1 2 To be truly humbled in sicknesse to beare the Lords crosse . Hardnesse of heart . The theefe on the crosse . How to entertain● the Ministers of Christ. Plague . If a crosse be remoued before we profit by it . God will send an other . Exdo. 4. 24. Fruites of repentance . So so●●e as we b●e humbled w● haue the fruite of our afflictions . Deut. 6. 3. 4. Sathans seruice . Dauids adultorie . How Sathan shreds Scripture . See the first part . Securitie . Note . Griefe . Feare of sin . Securitie . Enmitie . Reconciliatio Sudden iudg ments . See the first part of Education . Exod. 17. 14. Prouide for posteritie . Families must be Catechised . Young age is a dangerous age . Late repentance dangerous . We must vse pleasure but with restraints . Sinne by degrees growes to impudencie . Wantonnes ends in wickednesse . Against verball professors , which turne Gods graces to wantonnesse . Iud. Haste to doe good . Youth must renounce pleasures . Sathans policie . Superstition . To be present at the Masse how dangerous . God requireth the vse of the bodie in worshipping him as well as the soule . How iustly God may challenge of vs to serue him in bodie and soule . We must not be of a darke and close Religion , or of a double profession . Gods presence . Simile . Eccles. 4. 17. Mal. 1. Popish obiections against the Gospell . Note this proportion . Mal. 3. 14. 15. 16. How God punisheth such as receiue not his truth in loue . 1. Thess. 2. 11. Iethro no Idolater . Triall of Religion . Regeneratiō how wonderfull . We must delight spiritually in spirituall things . Of feeling . We are Gods Temple . How we must purge our selues , & how many wayes we may be defiled . 1 2 3 Note . Tit. 1. 15. We must be throughly washed and sanctified . Our sanctification must not be of one part . The godly are 1. Straight . 2. Sound . Simile . Two sortes of men hypocrites . 1 2 We must sanctifie both bodie and soule to the Lorde . Pagās & Papists haue better outward things then carnall Protestants . Spirit . What is required to be sanctified . Our sanctification must be continual , and is not perfected vntill our resurrection . Death is the complement of our mortification . Death . To fulfill the daies of our sanctification The sanctification of a Nazarite . A true discription of our ignorant and idle Protestants . Simile . The Palme tree . Rom. 5. 10. Affliction . Temperance & abstinence Practised of God ▪ children . Lots posterity 1 King. 19. 6. Simile . The flesh must not rule . Faith. Note . The religious obseruation of the Sabbath . Two extremities for want of the religious obseruation of the Sabbath . 1 2 3 The sanctification of the Sabbath . Simile . Marriage . 1. Sam. 15. Will worship euer condemned . Num. 15. The breach of the Sabbath punished . The Lords day . Kindling of fire on the Sabbath . Note . The breach of the Sabbath punished , and how to order our affections in the viewe of such iudgements . 1 2 3 4 5 Diem , or Sabbathum . 6 7 Of vnthankfulnes . Vse of the creatures . Simile . How God tempteth vs. Phil. 2. 14. 15. Deut. 29 21. God trieth men as well by benefits , as by wants . The triall of our seruice and zeale of God. The Diuels obiectiō Iob. 1. Doth Iob feare God for nothing . Trial of faith We are as ready to mur mur as the Israelites . What it is to tempt God. To sin against knowledge is a tempting of God. God beares long with the offences of our ignorance . To refuse knowledge is a tempting of God. Dauids sins . 1. Sam. 2. 1. Cor. 10. To tremble in tēptation Simile . Application of doctrine how necessarie . Simile . Truth how great speciall arguments . 1 1. Father . 2. Sonne . 3. Holy Ghost 2 3 Men may be compared to lādor earth . Note . There are three kindes of truth . Note . The true standard of truth . Note . Truth in simplicitie of speech . Truth in action . Truth of the Common-wealth . Truth in the Church . Simile . Verball profession . Why Truth is not found among vs. Contempt of the Worde dangerous . Familiaritas parit contemptum , veritas parit odium . Three good mothers bring forth three euill daughters . Note . Charitie is true . The people of Mediolanum or Millaine . Amittere animas quàm Episcopum . The world followes , and fauours the Gospell when it brings prosperitie with it . ▪ Against scorners . Adde these foure sections to the chapter of Temptation . Simile . The cure of Witches ▪ Vowe● . Wonders . Notes of diuine wonders Who be deceiued with the lying wonders of Antichrist . Simile . The law Morall was before Moses , and obserued in the in the Church before it was written . The light of the Gospell hath dispeld the mist of Popery . The Lord often vseth vehement speeches to spurre our dull hearts . In Rhethorike . Permssio cum Catastrophe . In Logicke . Per obliquum ductum . Why God vseth vehemencie of speech , and how we must reade it . Risus Dei prae omni ira Dei. quod cum risu loquitur , t● leges cum luctu . A speciall grace to be humbled by the word . Wonders . * So the sinne hardneth the clay , but softe neth the wax Sacraments . Admonition . The Fathers of the first age had the word . Titles giuen to the word . Duo ecclesiae vbera . Cum Deus aliquid dieit , etfi●d non ampl●us quam seme● dicat ea fide ac deuotione accipien dum est , ac ●i saepissimè dixerit . Chryso●t ▪ aduers. vituper . Monasticae vitae . Will worship . Numb . 20. Obedience . Good workes Three signes of good works 1. Word . 2. Faith. 3. The end , Gods glorie . On whom to conferre our well doings . Protestants most boūd to good workes . 1 2 3 Motiues to good works . 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Perdere beneficium & dare , non dare & perdere . We must doe good , though it seeme to be in vaine . Good works . Scôtos tò exótero● . Amartimata exótera . Extreame sinnes goe into extreame darknes . We must doe good to all men . 1 2 3 To doe good duties to the soule . 4 Conferre this chapter with the sermon of zeale in the third part . True zeale & the properties thereof . Conferre this with the 3. sermon of zeale , the third part . The recompence of true zeale . Note . Properties of true zeale . 1 2 Zealous in a ceremonie , in principall points as cold as ice . Two rules . 2 Hypocrisie vncased . A third Rule A true triall of our zeale . A fourth Rule . Good notes of true zeale . How to be grieued for the sinnes of others . A fift rule . Prouision for the Ministerie . The cause of many 〈◊〉 : contem●●● in the Church . A sixt rule ▪ An●er a●● sorrow 〈…〉 be ten 〈…〉 toge 〈…〉 Co●s 〈…〉 mens ag 〈…〉 sinne . Note . * The old heretik●s . Virtus est medium vtrinque reductum . 2 Psal. 32. 1. Psal. 103. Simile . Order . Praeposteratio annihilat actum . 1 Sterile officium . Non faciendū quia multifaciunt , sed quia bonum . Vt bonum faciā , an bene , satis mihi sūt pau●i , satis vnus , satis nullus . Augustine . Si potētiores faciunt , non faciam quia faciunt , sed gaudeo quia faciunt . H● ô theò● ekathárise , su mè koinou . Touto gar esti to thélema tou theou ho agiasmos humôn . Meanes for the sanctification of the Sabbath . 2 Guides . 1 2. 3. 3 4 1 2 3 4 * Visito , poto , cibo , redimo , lego , rolligo , condo . * Corrige , fuade , doce , sola●e , remitte , fer , o●● . The Sabbaths vse . Punishment for the breach of the Sabbath . Recreations . Sabbaths rest Sabbath , a signe . Nostri iuris . Excommunication . How dangerous to despise the censures of the Church . Psal. 19. Discretion necessarie in discipline . 1. King. 9. Oratorious periods in preaching . Patrones of Churches falsely so called . Negligent Pastors . Shame , how to discerne it . Impudencie of our times . Obiection . Answere . 1 Two notes of Gods anger , in exercising vs after sinne with shame . 2 A secret hiding of sinne . Sabbath . Rom. 3. 28. Popish perfection . Puritans be the old Catharoi , and the Paepists . Apt similitudes in scrip ture sorting and fitting all callings to instruct all degrees concerning Gods kingdome . To stirre vp our owne drie and barren hearts , considering and viewing the fruitfulnes of the ground . Ioh. 15. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Matth. 3. To trie the hart whether it be barren ▪ Foure signes . 1 1. If our eares & hearts lie common for passengers . 2 2. If we be not busie to driue away bad and corrupt affections . 3 3. No blessings better vs. 4 4. The preaching of Gods worde , discernes it to be fallow . Sathās policy 1 3 1. Cor. 7. 4 Luk. 8. Mark. 4. Matth. 13. 5 Matth. 7. Regeneration To leaue sin , & to repent of sin differ . Opus operatum . 1. Tēptation . 2. Tēptation . 3. Exercises of religion . 4. Comfort & discōfort . 5 ▪ False feare 6. To discerne the spirit . 7. Carnall securitie . 8 Complaining . 6. Disputation . 10 ▪ Punishment . 11 , Not to distrust Gods helpe . 12. Secret thoughts and speeches . 13. Enuie . 14. How to be affected in others weale & woe . 15. Crosses with blessings 16. Want of an outward blessing . 17 Calling . 18. Motiues vnto prayer . 19. Sinne. 20. Iustification and sanctification . 21 The bloud of Christ must be sprinckled by the holie Ghost in our heart . Christ fastīg and prayer . 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Note well this rule . 20 21 22 23 24 Simile . 25 A sweete Prayer . 26 27 28 A sweete counsell . 29 Friends not pr●fiting in godlinesse . 30 False feare . Gal. 2. 20. In temptations striue to stand in faith and not to yeeld to the aduersarie . Our corruptiō desires & delights in the meanes we cannot haue . Blindnes of mind & hard nes of heart . Many false perswasions come to the weak for wāt of sound iudgement . 1. Cor. 10 13. Esay . 63. 15. Esay , 59. 10. Esay . 38. 14. Psal. 51. 10. The feelings of the faithfull in temptation lost . Two kinds of hardnes of heart . 1 Not perceiued , nor felt . 2. Perceiued , and felt . B. of 2. sorts . 1. of purpose , to resist good motions . 2. Securely & negligētly , to lie in sinne . * or discerned The second kind of hardnes of heart not felt . Note the difference between perceiued & felt . 2. kinde of hardnes , perceiued & felt is of two sorts . Esay , 63. A troubled conscience perswaded his sinne is pardonable , but yet not feeling it is pardoned , yet it may be God hath pardoned it , as we see in Dauid . Satan driues the faithfull in their teptations to be weary of yea sometimes to refuse the meanes . The prayer of Christ belongeth to vs as well as to the Apostles . 10. 17. Heb 13. Rom. 7. 2. Cor. 1. 23. There may be faith with out feeling . Psal. 51. 3. 10. Vers. 11. Vers. 12. Sathan and melancholie disquiet afflicted soules . Psal. 51. Esay . 17. 19. Esay . 11. 6. Leuit. 5. 15. Numb . 15. 38. Ignorance and error differ . Gods childrē may fall after their calling into many foule faults . Exod. 24. 6. 7. Esay . 1. 10. 11. Vers. 8. Esay . 31. 6. Esay . 63. 10. Esay . 63. 9. Iere. 31. 18. 20. Psal. 50. 5. 22. Psal. 89. 30. 1. Ioh. 2. 2. 1. Cor. 1. 6. 7. 1. Cor. 3. 15. 2. 3. 1. Cor. 10. 7. 13. Psal. 19. 13. True humilitie proceedeth from faith . 2. Cor. 1. 4. The testimonie of the spirit . The nature of faith . Ma●k . 9. 24. Matth. 17. 2. Colos. 2. 10. 1. Cor. 1. 30. Rom. 8. 34. Rom. 5. 19. 2. Cor. 5. 21. 2. Cor. 1. 20. Colo● . 1. 19. Rom. 8. 1. 1. Ioh. 21. Dispute not with Sathan intemptation . Whether we haue faith or not . Ioh. 8. 24. 25. Mark. 2. 24. Act. 16. 18. A desciption of faith . 2. Tim. 1. 12. Simile . Simile . The afflicted desireth to be leeue , & cannot discerne his estate . Matth. 4. Ioh. 5. Temptation what it may teach vs. Simile . Resistance in temptation a sure signe of faith and grace . Remedie in temptation . 1. Dispute not with Sathan . 2. Exercise , prayer , reading . 3. Be painfull in the workes of thy calling . Faith proued by the fruits . Psal. 77. 6. Psal. 119. Iob. 31. Rom. 3. 28. Rom. 8. 10. Ioh. 15. 2. Rom. 7. 17. Rom. 6. 2. Death the complement of mortification . Loathing of this life , &c. Phil. 1. 21. Comfort frō the exercises of pietie . The hearing of the word . Prayer . Praising of God. Sacraments . Simile . To record our faith , and comforts past . Heb. 10. 32. 34. Iob. 29 , 3. Psal , 77 , 6 , 12. Psalme , 23 , all . Rom , 8 , 16. Rom , ●1 , 29. Ioh , 13 , 1. The testimony of the spirit of adoption , better thē the testimony of men and Angels . Simile . An eclipse of faith . In tēptations how we conspire with Sathan against our selues . 1. Pet. 5. 9. 1. Ioh 5. 4. Ephes. 6. 16. Cōmfort frō the benefits of this life . Rom. 8. 28. A speciall fauour of God to haue his faithfull seruants to pitie vs in our afflictions . Matth. 18. 18. Esay . Iam. 5. 15 ▪ Vers. 41. Ioh. 20. 23. How Gods faithfull Ministers binde and loose . 2. Sam. 12. 13 ▪ Notes out of Iob. 33. 23. for the comfort of the afflicted . 2 3 4 5 Ephes. 3. 18. 6 7 Apo● . 7. 18. 14. 13. Against the doubt of election . Deut. 29. 29. 3 4 Iob. 31. 5 6 7 Phil. 2. 13. Luk. 23. 42. The afflicted conscience like the couetous man. Phil. 3. 11. Phil. 2. 13. 2. Pet. 1. 10. He that beleeueth , maketh no hast .