The civil wars of Spain in the beginning of the reign of Charls [sic] the 5t, Emperor of Germanie and King of that nation written originally in the Spanish-tongue by Prudencio de Sandoval ... ; never yet translated, now put into English by Captain J.W.
         Historia de la vida y hechos del Emperador Carlos V. English. Selections
         Sandoval, Prudencio de, ca. 1560-1620.
      
       
         
           1652
        
      
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         47565
         
           
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         Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 1468:14)
      
       
         
           
             The civil wars of Spain in the beginning of the reign of Charls [sic] the 5t, Emperor of Germanie and King of that nation written originally in the Spanish-tongue by Prudencio de Sandoval ... ; never yet translated, now put into English by Captain J.W.
             Historia de la vida y hechos del Emperador Carlos V. English. Selections
             Sandoval, Prudencio de, ca. 1560-1620.
             Wadsworth, James, 1604-1656?
             Howell, James, 1594?-1666.
          
           [6], 387 p.
           
             Printed by William Du Gard and are to bee sold by John Holden ...,
             London :
             1652.
          
           
             Frontispiece: port. of Charles V.
             Numerous errors in paging.
             From Sandoval's Historia de la vida y hechos del Emperador Carlos V.
             Epistle dedicatory signed: James Wadsworth; preface signed: James Howell.
             Reproduction of original in the University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign Campus). Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Spain -- History -- Charles I, 1516-1556.
           Spain -- Politics and government -- 1516-1556.
        
      
    
     
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           THE
           CIVIL
           WARS
           OF
           SPAIN
           ,
           In
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           Reign
           of
           CHARLS
           the
           5
           t
           ,
           Emperor
           of
           Germanie
           ,
           and
           King
           of
           that
           Nation
           .
        
         
           Written
           originally
           in
           the
           Spanish-tongue
           ,
           by
           
             Prudencio
             de
             Sandoval
          
           ,
           Doctor
           of
           Divinitie
           ,
           and
           Abbat
           of
           the
           Monasterie
           of
           St
           
             Isidro
             el
             Real
          
           ,
           in
           Valladolid
           ,
           of
           the
           Order
           of
           St
           Bennet
           ,
           His●●●iograph●r
           〈◊〉
           ●HILI●
           the
           Third
           ;
           never
           yet
           Translated
           ,
           now
           put
           into
           English
           by
           Captain
           
             J.
             W.
          
           
        
         
           
             DEUS
             :
             PROVIDEBIT
          
           
             IVSTVS
             VIVET
             FIDE
          
           
             R·Y
          
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           by
           
             William
             Du
             Gard
          
           ▪
           and
           are
           to
           bee
           sold
           by
           
             Iohn
             Holden
          
           in
           the
           New
           Exchange
           ,
           1652.
           
        
      
       
         
         
           
             
               PROGENIES
               DIVVM
               QVINTVS
               SIC
               CAROLVS
               ILLE
               IMPERII
               CAESAR
               LVMINA
               ET
               ORA
               TVLIT
               .
               AETAT
               SVAE
               XXXI
               .
               ANN.
               M.D.
               XXXI
               .
               Impenum
               oceano
               :
               famam
               qui
               lerminat
               astris
               .
               ●ombart
               Sculpt●●●●●●
            
          
        
         
         
      
       
         
         
         
           To
           the
           Honorable
           ,
           Colonel
           
             HERBERT
             MORLEY
          
           ESQUIRE
           ;
           One
           of
           the
           Members
           of
           the
           High
           and
           Honorable
           Court
           of
           PARLAMENT
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           Council
           of
           State
           ;
           chief
           Lievtenant
           of
           the
           Countie
           of
           Sussex
           .
           TO
           THOMAS
           CHALONER
           ESQUIRE
           ;
           A
           Member
           of
           the
           High
           Court
           of
           PARLAMENT
           ,
           ●nd
           of
           the
           Council
           of
           State
           ,
           &c.
           
           And
           To
           IAMES
           CHALONER
           ESQUIRE
           ;
           A
           Member
           likewise
           of
           the
           said
           Court
           of
           Parlament
           ,
           the
           Supreme
           Autoritie
           of
           the
           Three
           Nations
           .
        
         
           
             Noble
             Gentlemen
             !
          
        
         
           I
           Have
           long
           repined
           that
           my
           gratitude
           should
           bee
           limited
           within
           the
           narrow
           walls
           of
           my
           brest
           ,
           when
           your
           favors
           that
           gave
           it
           beeing
           ,
           have
           daily
           shewn
           themselvs
           in
           such
           fresh
           and
           frequent
           testimonies
           ;
           but
           it
           hath
           now
           got
           a
           little
           more
           elbow-room
           ,
           and
           gladly
           take's
           occasion
           to
           tell
           the
           world
           as
           
           well
           as
           you
           ,
           of
           my
           happiness
           in
           such
           a
           Triumvirate
           of
           Patrons
           ;
           yet
           in
           this
           I
           may
           rather
           seem
           to
           have
           studied
           a
           secure
           convenience
           ,
           then
           an
           ingenuous
           acknowledgment
           ,
           since
           this
           Historie
           cannot
           shroud
           it self
           within
           a
           safer
           shelter
           ,
           then
           what
           your
           acceptation
           and
           clear
           judgment
           is
           able
           to
           allow
           it
           ;
           but
           you
           want
           no
           Candor
           ,
           and
           therefore
           I
           no
           Confidence
           that
           you
           will
           gently
           conserv
           the
           intentions
           and
           endeavors
           of
        
         
           
             Your
             humble
             servant
             
               JAMES
               VVADSVVORTH
            
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
           Vpon
           this
           Choice
           and
           Remarkable
           piece
           of
           Historie
           .
        
         
           AMong
           those
           various
           delights
           and
           advantages
           which
           accrew
           to
           a
           Reader
           of
           Historie
           ,
           one
           is
           ,
           That
           no
           modern
           accident
           can
           seem
           strange
           unto
           him
           ,
           much
           less
           astonish
           him
           :
           Hee
           scarce
           can
           wonder
           at
           any
           thing
           ,
           in
           regard
           hee
           may
           remember
           to
           have
           read
           of
           the
           same
           ,
           or
           much
           like
           the
           same
           ,
           that
           happened
           in
           former
           times
           ;
           therefore
           hee
           doth
           not
           stand
           staring
           like
           a
           childe
           at
           every
           sudden
           spectacle
           ,
           like
           that
           simple
           American
           ,
           who
           ,
           the
           first
           time
           hee
           saw
           a
           Spaniard
           on
           horsback
           ,
           thought
           the
           Man
           and
           the
           Beast
           to
           bee
           but
           one
           Creature
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           hors
           did
           chew
           the
           Rings
           of
           his
           Bit.
           
        
         
           Now
           indeed
           ,
           not
           to
           bee
           an
           Historian
           ,
           that
           is
           ,
           Not
           to
           know
           what
           Forrein
           Nations
           ,
           and
           our
           Fore-fathers
           did
           ,
           
             Hoc
             est
             semper
             esse
             puerum
          
           ,
           as
           Cicero
           saith
           ,
           this
           is
           still
           to
           bee
           a
           childe
           ,
           who
           gazeth
           at
           any
           thing
           ;
           whence
           may
           bee
           inferred
           ,
           There
           is
           no
           knowledg
           that
           ripen's
           the
           judgment
           ,
           and
           put
           's
           one
           out
           of
           his
           nonage
           sooner
           then
           Historie
           .
        
         
           If
           I
           had
           not
           formerly
           read
           the
           Baron's
           Wars
           in
           England
           ,
           I
           had
           more
           admired
           that
           of
           the
           Liguers
           in
           France
           .
           Hee
           who
           read
           the
           near
           upon
           fourscore
           years
           Wars
           in
           
             Low
             Germanie
          
           ,
           never
           wondred
           at
           those
           thirtie
           two
           years
           late
           Wars
           in
           
             High
             Germanie
          
           .
           I
           had
           more
           wondred
           that
           Richard
           of
           Bourdeaux
           was
           knockd
           down
           with
           a
           halbard
           ,
           had
           not
           I
           read
           formerly
           that
           Edward
           of
           Carnarvan
           died
           of
           a
           hot
           Iron
           that
           was
           thrust
           up
           his
           fundament
           ;
           It
           was
           strange
           that
           Murat
           the
           great
           Ottoman
           Emperor
           should
           bee
           lately
           strangled
           in
           his
           own
           Court
           ;
           yet
           considering
           that
           Osman
           his
           predecessor
           had
           been
           knock'd
           down
           by
           an
           ordinarie
           slave
           not
           many
           years
           before
           ,
           it
           was
           not
           strange
           at
           all
           .
           The
           blazing
           Star
           in
           
           Virgo
           ,
           33
           years
           since
           ,
           did
           not
           seem
           strange
           to
           him
           who
           had
           read
           of
           that
           which
           appeared
           in
           Cassiopéa
           ,
           and
           other
           constellations
           som
           years
           before
           ,
           and
           how
           portentous
           they
           proved
           to
           poor
           Mortals
           .
           Hence
           may
           bee
           inferred
           ,
           that
           among
           all
           other
           kindes
           of
           contemplations
           ,
           Historie
           may
           bee
           called
           the
           great
           
             Looking
             Glass
          
           ,
           through
           which
           wee
           may
           see
           with
           Ancestrall
           optiques
           ,
           not
           onely
           the
           various
           Actions
           of
           men
           ,
           and
           odd
           Accidents
           of
           time
           ,
           but
           also
           discern
           the
           Constitutions
           ,
           the
           Humors
           ,
           and
           Genius
           of
           Nations
           .
        
         
           This
           faithful
           piece
           of
           Storie
           will
           displaie
           the
           very
           intrinsecals
           of
           the
           Castillian
           ,
           (
           who
           entitle's
           himself
           to
           bee
           the
           prime
           Spaniard
           )
           and
           make
           that
           opinion
           a
           meer
           paradox
           ,
           whereby
           hee
           is
           cried
           up
           to
           bee
           so
           constant
           to
           his
           principles
           ,
           so
           loial
           to
           his
           Prince
           ,
           and
           so
           conformable
           to
           Government
           :
           for
           it
           will
           discover
           as
           much
           levitie
           and
           tumultuarie
           passions
           in
           him
           as
           in
           other
           people
           ;
           Which
           may
           bee
           the
           reason
           why
           these
           Annals
           were
           suppressed
           ,
           and
           called
           in
           ,
           in
           Spain
           ,
           yet
           procur'd
           by
           a
           Gentleman
           of
           qualitie
           and
           of
           exquisite
           knowledg
           ,
           and
           now
           made
           English
           ,
           with
           much
           exactness
           and
           fidelitie
           ;
           Therefore
           most
           worthie
           of
           the
           perusal
           ,
           beeing
           a
           pure
           maiden-storie
           ,
           never
           blown
           upon
           hitherto
           ;
           for
           to
           my
           knowledg
           shee
           never
           travell'd
           over
           the
           Pyrenean
           Hills
           ,
           or
           cross'd
           the
           Seas
           in
           any
           language
           till
           now
           .
        
         
           Iames
           Howell
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           TO
           THE
           READER
           .
        
         
           COurteous
           Reader
           !
           if
           likeness
           breeds
           liking
           ,
           and
           if
           in
           Histories
           ,
           as
           in
           Humane
           bodies
           ,
           may
           bee
           admitted
           any
           Sympathetical
           operations
           ,
           I
           cannot
           but
           promiss
           my self
           ,
           that
           this
           Narration
           will
           not
           bee
           unwelcom
           to
           your
           curious
           eies
           ,
           in
           regard
           it
           doth
           punctually
           relate
           the
           no
           less
           strange
           ,
           then
           ●rue
           transactions
           ,
           betwixt
           Charles
           the
           fift
           in
           his
           Minoritie
           and
           his
           Subjects
           in
           Spain
           ,
           which
           had
           so
           much
           similitude
           to
           divers
           late
           passages
           in
           this
           our
           Nation
           ,
           that
           had
           not
           those
           in
           Castilla
           had
           the
           privilege
           of
           many
           years
           before
           us
           ,
           wee
           might
           have
           been
           said
           to
           have
           been
           their
           pattern
           ,
           although
           the
           successes
           are
           different
           .
           The
           Autor
           was
           a
           man
           of
           no
           mean
           eminencie
           ,
           neither
           for
           knowledge
           or
           extraction
           ,
           and
           who
           (
           though
           somwhat
           violent
           in
           his
           tearms
           against
           the
           Commonaltie
           by
           reason
           of
           his
           dependance
           on
           the
           Court
           of
           Spain
           )
           wrote
           so
           plainly
           ,
           and
           with
           such
           impartialitie
           ,
           that
           all
           his
           books
           were
           suppressed
           by
           especial
           command
           from
           the
           King
           ,
           whose
           Historiographer
           hee
           was
           ,
           which
           rendereth
           the
           truth
           of
           the
           Historie
           less
           questionable
           :
           Herein
           ,
           as
           in
           our
           troubles
           ,
           you
           shall
           finde
           the
           Clergie-men
           on
           both
           sides
           no
           less
           busie
           in
           distracting
           peoples
           mindes
           ,
           then
           in
           fomenting
           and
           aggravating
           their
           unhappie
           dissentions
           :
           Herein
           you
           shall
           see
           besides
           the
           
           policies
           ,
           and
           subtile
           correspondencies
           betwixt
           the
           several
           Cities
           of
           that
           Countrie
           ,
           the
           Statutes
           and
           Decrees
           enacted
           by
           the
           Commissioners
           or
           Substitutes
           of
           the
           Commonalties
           assembled
           in
           Parlament
           ,
           after
           their
           King's
           departure
           into
           Germanie
           ,
           whither
           they
           were
           sent
           to
           bee
           ratified
           by
           him
           ,
           his
           answer
           ,
           and
           their
           proceedings
           afterwards
           .
           The
           names
           of
           places
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           men
           ,
           are
           left
           in
           Spanish
           ,
           becaus
           they
           cannot
           bee
           so
           well
           rendered
           in
           any
           other
           language
           ,
           as
           in
           their
           own
           ,
           and
           som
           terms
           likewise
           ,
           whereof
           though
           our
           tongue
           admitteth
           not
           of
           a
           simple
           ,
           and
           direct
           version
           ,
           you
           shall
           finde
           them
           paraphrastically
           expounded
           in
           the
           margents
           ,
           therefore
           I
           hope
           you
           will
           not
           impute
           this
           as
           a
           fault
           to
           the
           Translator
           ,
           and
           in
           case
           your
           more
           penetrating
           judgment
           should
           discover
           any
           other
           defects
           ,
           my
           humble
           supplication
           is
           ,
           that
           you
           will
           not
           bee
           a
           Captious
           ,
           but
           a
           Cautious
           Reader
           ,
           and
           careful
           of
           the
           reputation
           of
           him
           ,
           whose
           chief
           aim
           ,
           in
           this
           labor
           ,
           was
           to
           procure
           you
           both
           profit
           and
           pleasure
           ,
           as
           beeing
        
         
           
             Your
             affectionate
             Servant
             
               J.
               W.
            
             
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           THE
           CIVIL
           WARS
           OF
           SPAIN
           .
           THE
           FIRST
           BOOK
           .
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             I.
             
          
           
             IN
             the
             year
             of
             our
             LORD
             1500
             ,
             which
             was
             (
             according
             to
             the
             Hebrew
             account
             )
             five
             thousand
             four
             hundred
             sixtie
             and
             one
             years
             after
             the
             Creation
             of
             the
             World
             :
             from
             the
             Universal
             Deluge
             ,
             three
             thousand
             eight
             hundred
             and
             five
             :
             from
             the
             Coming
             of
             Tubal
             to
             inhabit
             ,
             and
             people
             the
             (
             then
             desolate
             )
             Countrie
             of
             Spain
             ,
             three
             thousand
             six
             hundred
             sixtie
             and
             three
             :
             from
             the
             Conquest
             of
             Cesar
             ,
             one
             thousand
             five
             hundred
             thirtie
             and
             eight
             :
             from
             the
             Entrie
             of
             the
             Goths
             into
             Spain
             ,
             one
             thousand
             eightie
             and
             six
             :
             and
             lastly
             ,
             from
             the
             Dominion
             of
             the
             Moors
             
             in
             that
             Countrie
             ,
             seven
             hundred
             eightie
             and
             six
             years
             ,
             Alexander
             the
             sixth
             then
             beeing
             Pope
             of
             Rome
             .
             The
             Christian
             King
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             and
             
               Donnia
               Isabel
            
             having
             reigned
             twentie
             seven
             years
             ,
             converted
             the
             Mezquitas
             ,
             or
             Moorish
             temples
             ,
             into
             Ch●istian
             Churches
             ,
             and
             purged
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             of
             Paganism
             and
             Jewish
             Cerimonies
             ,
             beeing
             also
             the
             year
             of
             Iubilee
             at
             Rome
             :
             for
             their
             comfort
             ,
             and
             to
             drie
             up
             the
             tears
             which
             sorrowful
             Spain
             ceased
             not
             to
             shed
             ,
             for
             the
             decea●
             of
             t●eir
             Prince
             ,
             
               Don
               Iuan
            
             ,
             or
             Io●n
             ,
             (
             onely
             Son
             to
             the
             Cathol●●k
             King
             ,
             and
             
               Donnia
               Isabel
            
             ,
             his
             Queen
             )
             and
             ●he
             
               Infanta
               Donnia
               Isabel
            
             ,
             their
             eldest
             Daughter
             ,
             (
             who
             was
             married
             to
             
               Don
               Iuan
            
             ,
             or
             Iohn
             the
             Second
             ,
             King
             of
             Portugal
             )
             in
             the
             Citie
             of
             Gant
             ,
             upon
             the
             Apostle
             ●
             t
             Matthias
             his
             daie
             ,
             beeing
             mundaie
             25
             Feb●uarie
             ,
             was
             born
             Charls
             the
             fift
             ,
             
             Emperor
             and
             King
             of
             Spain
             ,
             begotten
             by
             
               Don
               Philip
            
             ,
             or
             Philip
             ,
             surnamed
             
               El
               Hermoso
            
             ,
             or
             the
             
               fair
               ,
               Arch-Duke
            
             of
             Austria
             (
             on
             to
             the
             Emperor
             Maximilian
             the
             First
             ,
             and
             
               Donnia
               Ma●ia
            
             ,
             sole
             daughter
             and
             heir
             to
             
               Charls
               Duke
               of
               Burgundie
            
             ,
             who
             had
             for
             her
             por●ion
             ,
             besides
             the
             said
             Dutchie
             of
             Burgundie
             ,
             the
             Dukedom
             of
             
               Brabant
               ,
               Flanders
               ,
               Limbourg
               ,
               Haynaut
               ▪
               H●lland
               ,
               Artois
               ,
               Zealand
               ,
            
             and
             Cueldres
             ,
             with
             other
             places
             thereunto
             belonging
             )
             and
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             ,
             second
             daughter
             to
             the
             fore-na●ed
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             and
             Isabel.
             The
             
               Prince
               Don
               Miguel
               de
               la
               paz
               ,
            
             son
             to
             
               Don
               Iuan
            
             of
             Portugal
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Fernandos
            
             eldest
             Daughter
             ,
             Isabel
             (
             who
             by
             the
             right
             of
             his
             mother
             was
             to
             inherite
             the
             Crown
             of
             Castilla
             )
             was
             yet
             living
             ,
             when
             Charls
             the
             Fift
             came
             first
             into
             the
             World
             ;
             the
             news
             of
             whose
             birth
             ,
             with
             the
             particulars
             of
             the
             place
             and
             time
             ,
             beeing
             carried
             into
             Spain
             ,
             his
             grandmother
             
               Donnia
               Isabel
            
             (
             I
             know
             not
             by
             what
             prophetick
             spirit
             )
             presently
             said
             ,
             
               Cecidit
               sors
               super
               Matt●iam
            
             ,
             meaning
             ,
             that
             the
             succession
             of
             those
             Kingdoms
             should
             fall
             upon
             Charls
             (
             who
             was
             born
             upon
             that
             Saint's
             daie
             )
             as
             it
             did
             ,
             and
             hee
             became
             the
             most
             potent
             Prince
             of
             the
             Christian
             World.
             For
             
               Don
               Miguel
               de
               la
               paz
            
             ,
             dying
             in
             Julie
             following
             ,
             in
             the
             same
             year
             1500
             the
             inheritance
             of
             the
             Crowns
             of
             Spain
             descended
             to
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             ,
             mother
             to
             the
             fortunate
             Prince
             
               Don
               Charls
            
             ,
             
             or
             Charls
             ,
             then
             bearing
             the
             title
             of
             Duke
             of
             Luxembourg
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             II.
             
          
           
             IN
             the
             year
             1501
             ,
             the
             Catholick
             Queen
             ,
             
             
               Don●ia
               Isabel
            
             ,
             of
             Castilia
             beeing
             fallen
             into
             a
             langu●shing
             diseas
             ,
             and
             past
             hopes
             of
             ●ecoverie
             ,
             shee
             desired
             to
             see
             
               Don
               Philip
            
             ,
             and
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             (
             ●er
             daughter
             )
             before
             her
             deceas
             .
             Whereupon
             they
             took
             their
             waie
             through
             France
             ,
             where
             they
             were
             received
             ,
             and
             feasted
             in
             a
             Princely
             manner
             ,
             by
             
               King
               Lewis
            
             the
             Twelfth
             ,
             who
             treated
             with
             them
             concerning
             the
             marriage
             of
             his
             Daughter
             Claudia
             ,
             to
             their
             son
             Charls
             .
             One
             of
             the
             Articles
             was
             ,
             That
             in
             case
             the
             said
             marriage
             should
             not
             bee
             consummated
             t●rough
             anie
             default
             of
             the
             said
             King
             of
             France
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             should
             invest
             and
             settle
             the
             Dukedom
             of
             Milan
             upon
             their
             son
             
               Don
               Carl●s
               Duke
               of
               Luxembourg
            
             :
             And
             it
             so
             happened
             afterwards
             ,
             that
             the
             said
             match
             was
             broken
             off
             by
             t●e
             ●aid
             King
             Lewis
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             great
             Plea
             for
             the
             Crown
             of
             Spain
             against
             the
             Kings
             of
             France
             ,
             in
             the
             pretention
             of
             Milan
             .
             Beeing
             arrived
             at
             Toledo
             ,
             
             where
             the
             
               Catholick
               King
            
             and
             Queen
             exspected
             them
             on
             Sundaie
             ,
             22
             Maie
             (
             in
             the
             Cathedral
             Church
             ▪
             they
             were
             s●orn
             Princes
             of
             Castilia
             and
             Leon
             :
             )
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ▪
             and
             
               Donnia
               Isabel
            
             assisting
             at
             the
             Ceremonie
             ,
             with
             the
             
               Cardinal
               Don
               Diego
               Hurta●o
               de
               Mendosa
               ,
               Don
               Fray
               Francisco
               de
               Xmenez
            
             Archb●shop
             of
             
               Toledo
               ;
               Don
               Bernardino
               de
               Valas●o
            
             Lord
             h●gh
             Constable
             of
             Castilia
             and
             Leon
             ,
             the
             
               Duke
               del
               Infantad●
               ,
               Duke
            
             of
             
               Alva
               ,
               Duke
            
             of
             
               Bejar
               ,
               Duke
            
             of
             Alburquerque
             ,
             and
             a
             mul●itude
             of
             other
             noblemen
             :
             after
             which
             solemnitie
             the
             King
             went
             to
             Saragosa
             ,
             and
             the
             Queen
             with
             her
             Daughter
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Philip
            
             went
             to
             
               Torisos
               ,
               Fuens●lida
               ,
               Cas●
               Rubios
               ,
            
             and
             the●ce
             to
             Madrid
             ;
             from
             whence
             ,
             
             after
             ●om
             time
             ,
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             went
             to
             
               Alcala
               de
               Hena●es
            
             ,
             where
             shee
             was
             brought
             to
             bed
             of
             the
             
               Infante
               Don
               Ferdinando
            
             ,
             or
             Ferdinand
             hee
             was
             baptized
             with
             exceeding
             great
             solemnitie
             ,
             by
             the
             Arch
             Bishop
             of
             Tol●do
             ;
             the
             Duke
             of
             Naxara
             and
             the
             
             Earl
             of
             Villena
             were
             his
             Godfathers
             ,
             and
             
               Madame
               de
               Luin
            
             his
             Godmother
             .
             Which
             Ceremonie
             beeing
             past
             ,
             and
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             throughly
             recovered
             ,
             shee
             and
             her
             husband
             (
             whose
             presence
             was
             most
             earnestly
             desired
             in
             Flanders
             )
             repaired
             both
             thither
             ,
             by
             the
             waie
             of
             France
             ;
             And
             beeing
             at
             the
             Citie
             of
             Lyons
             ,
             hee
             concluded
             the
             Peace
             betwixt
             his
             father
             Maximilian
             the
             
               Emperor
               ,
               Don
               Fernando
               King
            
             of
             Spain
             ,
             and
             Lewis
             the
             
               French
               King
            
             ,
             who
             again
             moved
             him
             about
             marrying
             the
             Duke
             of
             Luxembourg
             with
             his
             daughter
             Clavia
             ,
             who
             was
             to
             inherit
             the
             Dukedom
             of
             Britanie
             ,
             yet
             hee
             was
             the
             first
             occasion
             of
             breaking
             that
             agreement
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             III.
             
          
           
             
             IN
             the
             year
             1505
             ,
             a
             Parlament
             beeing
             call'd
             at
             the
             Citie
             of
             Toro
             ,
             in
             presence
             of
             the
             
               King
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ,
             with
             all
             the
             Grandees
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             
             and
             the
             Commissioners
             or
             Burgesses
             (
             
               Donnia
               Isabel
            
             the
             Queen
             beeing
             deceased
             at
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             )
             the
             
               Princess
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             ,
             then
             beeing
             in
             Flanders
             ,
             was
             decla●ed
             Queen
             of
             Castilia
             and
             Leon
             ,
             and
             her
             son
             
               Don
               Carles
            
             heir
             and
             successor
             after
             her
             to
             those
             Kingdoms
             ,
             which
             pacified
             divers
             turbulent
             ●pirits
             ,
             and
             stopt
             the
             current
             of
             manie
             troubles
             and
             mischiefs
             ,
             that
             was
             like
             to
             overflow
             that
             Countrie
             .
             This
             news
             was
             brought
             to
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             ,
             then
             newly
             brought
             to
             bed
             of
             the
             
               Infanta
               Donnia
               Maria
            
             ,
             who
             was
             afterward
             married
             to
             the
             unfortunate
             King
             of
             
               Bohemia
               ,
               Lewis
            
             son
             to
             Uladislaus
             ;
             after
             whose
             death
             shee
             was
             Governess
             of
             Flanders
             for
             manie
             years
             ,
             and
             proved
             nothing
             inferior
             to
             her
             Brother
             in
             courage
             ,
             and
             other
             princely
             endowments
             ,
             onely
             shee
             was
             a
             woman
             :
             
               Don
               Philip
            
             remaining
             still
             in
             Flanders
             with
             his
             Queen
             ,
             there
             grew
             such
             differences
             betwixt
             him
             and
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ,
             
             that
             finding
             an
             advantage
             in
             their
             absence
             ,
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             sent
             
               Don
               Rodrigo
               Manrique
            
             his
             Embassador
             to
             the
             King
             of
             Portugal
             ,
             desiring
             him
             to
             give
             in
             marriage
             
               La
               Excelente
            
             ,
             
             otherwise
             called
             
               La
               V●ltraneja
            
             ,
             thinking
             by
             virtue
             of
             her
             right
             ,
             and
             his
             powerful
             assistance
             ,
             to
             oppose
             
               Don
               Philip
            
             ,
             and
             make
             himself
             King
             of
             Castillia
             (
             which
             argued
             no
             less
             weakness
             then
             Ambition
             in
             the
             
               Catholick
               King.
            
             )
             But
             the
             King
             of
             Portugal
             was
             so
             discreet
             ,
             as
             not
             to
             satisfie
             his
             desires
             ,
             a●d
             although
             hee
             had
             given
             his
             consent
             
               La
               Veltraneja
            
             would
             never
             have
             condescended
             thereunto
             ,
             for
             besides
             that
             shee
             was
             well
             stricken
             in
             years
             ,
             shee
             was
             altogether
             given
             to
             her
             devotion
             ,
             and
             valued
             not
             the
             vanitie
             of
             anie
             earthly
             Crowns
             .
             Having
             received
             this
             repuls
             ,
             hee
             agreed
             with
             
               Lewis
               King
            
             of
             France
             ,
             that
             hee
             should
             make
             the
             match
             betwixt
             him
             and
             
               Madam
               Germana
            
             ,
             daughter
             to
             
               Gaston
               de
               Foix
            
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             said
             
               French
               King's
            
             sister
             ,
             which
             was
             concluded
             upon
             this
             condition
             ;
             That
             
               King
               Lewis
            
             ,
             in
             stead
             of
             her
             Dowrie
             ,
             should
             grant
             and
             pass
             over
             to
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             the
             right
             which
             hee
             pretended
             to
             the
             kingdom
             of
             Naples
             ,
             and
             that
             if
             the
             Queen
             should
             die
             before
             him
             without
             issue
             ,
             hee
             should
             succeed
             and
             inherit
             the
             same
             title
             ;
             but
             if
             shee
             should
             survive
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ,
             that
             Lewis
             should
             repossess
             the
             said
             claim
             :
             These
             Articles
             beeing
             confirmed
             ,
             they
             made
             a
             Peace
             betwixt
             France
             and
             Spain
             ,
             for
             a
             hundred
             and
             one
             years
             ,
             (
             but
             it
             scarce
             continued
             so
             manie
             weeks
             )
             and
             
               Don
               Iuan
               de
               Silva
            
             Earl
             of
             Cifuentes
             ,
             with
             the
             Vice-Chancellor
             of
             Aragon
             went
             into
             France
             ,
             to
             attend
             and
             conduct
             her
             Majestie
             into
             Castillia
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             ▪
             IV.
             
          
           
             THe
             Castillians
             in
             mean
             time
             ,
             beeing
             very
             desirous
             to
             have
             their
             Natural
             Sovereign
             amongst
             them
             ,
             importuned
             by
             frequent
             messages
             and
             invitations
             ,
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             and
             her
             husband
             to
             return
             ,
             and
             bring
             their
             Children
             with
             them
             into
             Spain
             .
             Whereupon
             
               Don
               Philip
            
             having
             provided
             a
             Fleet
             for
             the
             purpose
             ,
             they
             departed
             Flanders
             ,
             leaving
             the
             
               Prince
               Don
               Carles
            
             under
             the
             care
             and
             tuition
             of
             the
             
               Emperor
               
               Maximiliano
            
             and
             
               Donnia
               Margarita
            
             ,
             widdow
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             Savoye
             ;
             and
             at
             last
             (
             though
             tossed
             with
             much
             storm
             and
             tempests
             by
             the
             waie
             )
             they
             landed
             safe
             at
             the
             Groyne
             in
             
               Galicia
               .
               Don
               Fernando
            
             hearing
             of
             their
             arrival
             went
             to
             meet
             them
             ,
             betwixt
             
               La
               Puebla
               de
               Sanabria
            
             and
             Asturianos
             .
             This
             interview
             occasioned
             no
             small
             discontent
             betwixt
             these
             Princes
             ;
             for
             Kings
             will
             admit
             of
             no
             competitors
             ,
             or
             Companions
             (
             no
             not
             of
             their
             own
             ch●ldren
             )
             in
             matters
             of
             Government
             and
             Command
             .
             Whereupon
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             (
             forsaken
             by
             all
             ,
             but
             onely
             the
             Duke
             of
             Alva
             and
             the
             Earl
             of
             Altamira
             with
             som
             few
             others
             )
             took
             his
             waie
             to
             Villafafila
             ,
             and
             Tordesillas
             ,
             and
             King
             Philip
             with
             his
             Queen
             to
             Venauente
             ,
             attended
             by
             all
             the
             Nobles
             and
             flower
             of
             Castillia
             ,
             besides
             strangers
             ,
             to
             the
             number
             of
             above
             two
             thousand
             hors
             .
             One
             caus
             of
             their
             discord
             was
             about
             the
             title
             and
             inscription
             of
             Commissions
             ,
             Patents
             and
             other
             dispatches
             Roial
             ,
             which
             at
             last
             was
             determined
             ,
             and
             agreed
             ,
             that
             all
             things
             should
             pass
             in
             the
             names
             of
             
               Don
               Fernando
               ,
               Don
               Philip
            
             ,
             and
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             :
             But
             this
             style
             was
             soon
             altered
             by
             the
             unexspected
             d●ath
             of
             
               Don
               Philip
            
             ,
             which
             hapned
             at
             Burges
             :
             hee
             had
             but
             seven
             daies
             of
             sickness
             (
             which
             was
             thought
             to
             bee
             a
             surfeit
             )
             and
             past
             from
             this
             life
             to
             the
             eternal
             on
             fridaie
             the
             fifth
             of
             September
             ,
             
             anno●●0●
             ●●0●
             ,
             beeing
             aged
             but
             twentie
             eight
             years
             ,
             and
             having
             enjoied
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Castillia
             a
             year
             and
             ten
             moneths
             ,
             lacking
             one
             daie
             ;
             hee
             commanded
             that
             his
             heart
             should
             bee
             carried
             to
             Bruxels
             ,
             his
             bodie
             to
             Granada
             ,
             and
             his
             bowels
             to
             remain
             there
             .
             His
             death
             was
             much
             lamented
             by
             the
             Emperor
             his
             Father
             ;
             for
             ,
             besides
             that
             hee
             was
             his
             onely
             son
             ,
             hee
             was
             one
             of
             the
             handsomest
             men
             of
             his
             time
             ,
             therefore
             hee
             was
             called
             Philip
             the
             Fair
             ;
             and
             the
             nobleness
             of
             his
             minde
             was
             answerable
             to
             the
             feature
             of
             his
             bodie
             .
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             his
             Queen
             was
             so
             sensible
             of
             his
             loss
             ,
             that
             with
             the
             extremitie
             of
             sorrow
             ,
             and
             her
             incessant
             weeping
             ,
             
             shee
             became
             in
             a
             manner
             distracted
             .
             An
             old
             woman
             in
             Galicia
             seeing
             him
             at
             his
             landing
             ,
             and
             beeing
             told
             who
             hee
             was
             ,
             said
             ,
             That
             hee
             should
             bee
             a
             longer
             time
             ,
             and
             travel
             more
             leagues
             in
             Castillia
             ,
             beeing
             dead
             then
             living
             ;
             which
             
             proved
             so
             ;
             for
             the
             Queen
             carried
             his
             bodie
             with
             her
             ,
             from
             place
             to
             place
             ,
             
             and
             would
             not
             suffer
             it
             to
             bee
             buried
             for
             manie
             years
             after
             .
             Hee
             left
             two
             sons
             ,
             
               Don
               Carles
            
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ,
             both
             Emperors
             ;
             and
             three
             daughters
             ,
             all
             mightie
             
               Queens
               :
               Donnia
               Leonor
            
             first
             reigned
             in
             Portugal
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             was
             married
             to
             the
             King
             of
             
               France
               :
               Donnia
               Catalina
            
             was
             wife
             to
             
               Don
               Iohn
            
             the
             Third
             ,
             King
             of
             Portugal
             ,
             Aunt
             ,
             and
             Mother-in-law
             to
             Philip
             the
             Second
             of
             Spain
             :
             And
             
               Donnia
               Maria
            
             had
             for
             her
             husband
             
               Lewis
               King
            
             of
             Bohemia
             and
             Hungaria
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             V.
             
          
           
             IN
             mean
             time
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ,
             beeing
             married
             to
             the
             Queen
             Germana
             ,
             and
             distasted
             in
             Castillia
             ,
             retired
             himself
             into
             Aragon
             ;
             from
             thence
             beeing
             upon
             his
             ●ournie
             to
             Naples
             ,
             the
             Castilli●ns
             gave
             him
             notice
             of
             
               Don
               Philip's
            
             death
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             neces●itie
             that
             there
             was
             of
             his
             Roial
             presence
             ;
             but
             hee
             refused
             to
             return
             ,
             beeing
             incensed
             against
             som
             of
             them
             for
             their
             ingratitude
             to
             him
             .
             By
             the
             death
             of
             
               Don
               Philip
            
             ,
             and
             the
             absence
             of
             
               King
               Fernando
            
             ,
             divers
             tumults
             and
             seditions
             arose
             in
             the
             kingdom
             ,
             the
             people
             refusing
             to
             obeie
             the
             Magistrates
             and
             Officers
             of
             Justice
             ;
             and
             the
             Nobles
             wanted
             not
             factions
             and
             partialities
             amongst
             them
             to
             trouble
             and
             disquiet
             the
             Countrie
             ,
             and
             almost
             everie
             Citie
             throughout
             the
             Kingdom
             was
             infected
             with
             the
             same
             contagion
             :
             Som
             crying
             up
             Charls
             ,
             or
             
               Don
               Carles
            
             ;
             others
             Fernando
             ;
             no
             small
             number
             stood
             for
             Maximiliano
             ,
             but
             verie
             few
             made
             anie
             mention
             of
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             ,
             who
             ,
             whether
             out
             of
             a
             sens
             of
             her
             own
             disabilitie
             ,
             or
             overcom
             with
             melancholie
             for
             her
             husbands
             deceas
             ,
             had
             retired
             her self
             at
             Tordesillas
             ,
             refusing
             to
             govern
             or
             trouble
             her
             head
             with
             State-affairs
             .
             Whereupon
             ,
             with
             the
             consent
             of
             most
             part
             of
             the
             Peers
             and
             Nobles
             of
             the
             Realm
             ,
             the
             
               Cardinal
               Ximenez
               Don
               Bernardino
               de
               Velasso
            
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             and
             
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Manrique
               Duke
            
             of
             Naxara
             took
             upon
             them
             the
             administration
             of
             Government
             for
             the
             present
             ;
             they
             made
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Suarez
            
             Bishop
             of
             
               Iaen
               ,
               President
            
             of
             their
             Council
             ,
             assisted
             by
             Doctor
             
               Tello
               ,
               el
               Licenciado
               Polanco
            
             ,
             and
             other
             learned
             Lawyers
             .
             They
             called
             a
             Parlament
             ,
             wherein
             they
             ordered
             to
             send
             to
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ,
             desiring
             him
             in
             the
             name
             of
             the
             Queen
             and
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             to
             return
             ,
             and
             undertake
             the
             Government
             for
             his
             Daughter
             and
             Grandchilde
             .
             Which
             hee
             ,
             beeing
             more
             readie
             to
             accept
             then
             they
             to
             offer
             ,
             did
             not
             refuse
             ,
             but
             returned
             answer
             ,
             that
             having
             setled
             the
             business
             which
             had
             called
             him
             to
             Naples
             ,
             hee
             would
             satisfie
             their
             desires
             :
             And
             after
             som
             time
             ,
             leaving
             
               Don
               Iuan
               de
               Aragon
            
             Earl
             of
             Ribagorsa
             ,
             his
             Vice-Roy
             ,
             hee
             embarqued
             himself
             for
             Spain
             with
             his
             Queen
             
               Germana
               ,
               Don
               Gonsalo
               Fernandez
               de
               Cordova
               ,
            
             commonly
             called
             the
             
               gran
               Capitan
            
             ,
             and
             a
             great
             train
             of
             Spanish
             Gentlemen
             that
             attended
             him
             in
             his
             voiage
             .
             Beeing
             arrived
             at
             Valentia
             ,
             the
             Queen
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             went
             to
             meet
             him
             ,
             whom
             hee
             received
             with
             signs
             of
             much
             affection
             and
             fatherlie
             tenderness
             ,
             which
             shee
             answered
             with
             all
             the
             honor
             and
             due
             obedience
             that
             could
             bee
             exspected
             from
             an
             observant
             Daughter
             ;
             for
             although
             the
             excess
             of
             sorrow
             had
             weakned
             her
             intellectual
             faculties
             ,
             yet
             shee
             never
             lost
             her
             respect
             to
             her
             Father
             ,
             but
             paied
             him
             with
             all
             humilitie
             and
             filial
             dutie
             ;
             neither
             was
             shee
             ever
             heard
             to
             utter
             anie
             mis
             becoming
             words
             ,
             which
             is
             common
             to
             people
             tainted
             with
             her
             infirmitie
             .
             The
             eighth
             of
             October
             the
             King
             and
             Queens
             came
             to
             Arcos
             ,
             where
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             desiring
             to
             staie
             ,
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             went
             with
             his
             Court
             to
             Burges
             ,
             leaving
             her
             a
             good
             number
             of
             Noblemen
             and
             Ladies
             ,
             besides
             guards
             ,
             suitable
             to
             the
             dignitie
             of
             her
             person
             .
             Som
             years
             after
             ,
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             left
             the
             troubles
             of
             this
             transitorie
             life
             to
             enjoie
             the
             quietness
             and
             bliss
             of
             the
             eternal
             ,
             
             in
             the
             sixtie
             fourth
             year
             of
             his
             age
             ,
             having
             reigned
             and
             governed
             as
             King
             ,
             fourtie
             two
             years
             compleat
             .
             Som
             saie
             it
             was
             the
             Dropsie
             that
             brought
             him
             to
             his
             end
             ;
             others
             report
             ,
             that
             his
             young
             Queen
             ,
             to
             quicken
             his
             Spirit
             ,
             and
             thaw
             the
             ice
             that
             contracted
             the
             
             blood
             in
             his
             aged
             veins
             ,
             gave
             him
             a
             certein
             provocative
             potion
             ;
             which
             ,
             instead
             of
             raising
             a
             part
             ,
             cast
             the
             whole
             bodie
             into
             the
             grave
             .
             After
             his
             death
             ,
             arose
             manie
             differences
             amongst
             the
             Grandees
             concerning
             the
             Government
             .
             Adriano
             (
             Dean
             of
             Lovain
             ,
             and
             Tutor
             to
             
               Don
               Carles
            
             )
             produced
             a
             Commission
             ,
             which
             the
             young
             Prince
             had
             given
             him
             to
             succeed
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             in
             the
             Government
             ,
             until
             his
             coming
             into
             Spain
             ;
             this
             was
             opposed
             by
             
               Cardinal
               Ximenez
            
             ,
             
             who
             alleged
             ,
             that
             by
             virtue
             of
             his
             
               Catholick
               Majestie
               's
            
             last
             Will
             and
             Testament
             ,
             hee
             was
             to
             bee
             Governor
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             until
             the
             Prince
             should
             com
             himself
             ,
             or
             give
             som
             special
             order
             to
             the
             contrarie
             ▪
             that
             Adriano's
             Commission
             was
             dated
             long
             before
             
               Don
               Ferdinando's
            
             deceas
             ,
             therefore
             not
             valeable
             ;
             besides
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             a
             foreigner
             ,
             which
             was
             sufficient
             reason
             to
             bar
             his
             pretensions
             .
             But
             at
             last
             they
             agreed
             to
             govern
             both
             together
             ,
             until
             they
             received
             further
             order
             from
             
               Don
               Carles
            
             .
             This
             joint-Government
             continued
             a
             great
             while
             ,
             during
             which
             time
             ,
             several
             Grandees
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             were
             much
             discontented
             ,
             and
             murmured
             ,
             that
             a
             Frier
             ,
             and
             a
             stranger
             (
             in
             a
             manner
             of
             the
             same
             stamp
             )
             should
             bee
             raised
             to
             such
             a
             height
             above
             them
             ,
             as
             to
             rule
             and
             command
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             them
             :
             they
             alleged
             that
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             had
             no
             power
             to
             substitute
             ,
             or
             appoint
             anie
             one
             to
             administer
             the
             Government
             of
             that
             kingdom
             ,
             in
             regard
             that
             since
             the
             
               Catholick
               Queen
               's
            
             death
             ,
             hee
             was
             not
             King
             ,
             but
             onely
             Governor
             thereof
             himself
             :
             and
             that
             considering
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             would
             not
             undergo
             the
             trouble
             of
             the
             Crown
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Laws
             of
             that
             ●and
             ,
             they
             agreed
             that
             the
             
               Duke
               del
               Infantado
            
             ▪
             the
             Lord
             High-Counstable
             ,
             and
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             should
             examine
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             by
             what
             autoritie
             and
             power
             hee
             took
             upon
             him
             to
             bee
             Governor
             of
             those
             kingdoms
             :
             Whereunto
             hee
             boldly
             made
             them
             answer
             ,
             By
             the
             Power
             of
             his
             
               Catholick
               Majestie
            
             :
             And
             they
             replying
             ,
             that
             the
             
               Catholick
               King
            
             had
             no
             autoritie
             ●o
             to
             do
             ,
             
             hee
             led
             them
             to
             a
             brest-work
             ,
             which
             hee
             had
             made
             about
             the
             hous
             where
             hee
             then
             lodged
             ,
             and
             shewed
             them
             a
             great
             rank
             of
             Artillerie
             ,
             commanding
             his
             servants
             to
             discharge
             them
             
             all
             ;
             which
             don
             ,
             hee
             told
             them
             ,
             this
             is
             the
             power
             by
             which
             I
             do
             ,
             and
             will
             govern
             Spain
             ,
             until
             the
             Prince
             our
             Lord
             com
             to
             take
             charge
             of
             it
             himself
             :
             they
             were
             not
             very
             well
             satisfied
             with
             this
             answer
             ,
             neither
             did
             that
             manner
             of
             discours
             bode
             anie
             good
             to
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             Notwithstanding
             the
             oppositions
             and
             murmurations
             of
             the
             Grandees
             and
             others
             in
             Castillia
             ,
             the
             Cardinal
             continued
             at
             the
             helm
             in
             despight
             of
             all
             ,
             until
             his
             Majestie
             's
             coming
             into
             Spain
             ,
             
             which
             was
             anno
             1517.
             
             At
             which
             time
             ,
             the
             Cardinal
             finding
             himself
             indisposed
             ,
             was
             retired
             into
             a
             Monasterie
             of
             his
             own
             Order
             at
             Aquilera
             ;
             whither
             his
             Majestie
             (
             beeing
             received
             at
             Valladolid
             )
             sent
             him
             a
             letter
             ,
             thanking
             him
             for
             his
             former
             services
             ,
             and
             requiring
             him
             to
             repair
             with
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             to
             Mojados
             ,
             where
             hee
             might
             consult
             with
             him
             concerning
             the
             present
             settling
             of
             his
             affairs
             ;
             after
             which
             hee
             should
             bee
             eased
             of
             the
             weightie
             burthen
             of
             that
             troublesom
             emploiment
             ,
             and
             have
             libertie
             to
             solace
             and
             retire
             himself
             .
             This
             Letter
             was
             said
             to
             bee
             penned
             by
             the
             
               Bishop
               Mota
            
             ,
             who
             (
             envious
             of
             the
             Cardinal's
             power
             ,
             and
             studying
             nothing
             more
             then
             which
             waie
             to
             eclips
             his
             greatness
             )
             perswaded
             his
             Majestie
             to
             write
             to
             him
             in
             those
             terms
             ;
             which
             his
             Eminence
             having
             perused
             ,
             it
             struck
             him
             into
             a
             high
             distemper
             ;
             and
             the
             violent
             passion
             of
             his
             minde
             ,
             joined
             with
             the
             infirmitie
             of
             his
             bodie
             ,
             increased
             his
             fever
             ,
             in
             such
             manner
             ,
             that
             hee
             rendred
             his
             soul
             into
             the
             Creator's
             hands
             within
             eight
             daies
             after
             ,
             and
             was
             buried
             at
             
               Alcala
               de
               Henares
            
             ,
             
             in
             the
             College
             of
             St
             Illefonso
             ,
             whereof
             hee
             was
             Founder
             .
             After
             whose
             death
             ,
             the
             Arch-Bishoprick
             of
             Toledo
             was
             given
             to
             
               Guillermo
               de
               Croüy
               ,
               Bishop
            
             of
             Cambray
             ,
             and
             nephew
             to
             
               Monsieur
               de
               Xeures
            
             ,
             his
             Majesties
             chief
             favorite
             ,
             which
             bred
             no
             small
             discontent
             amongst
             the
             Castillians
             ,
             seeing
             the
             principal
             Jewel
             of
             their
             kingdom
             bestowed
             upon
             a
             foreigner
             .
             
             Yet
             the
             general
             report
             was
             ,
             that
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Villena
             ,
             with
             other
             Grandees
             of
             Castillia
             ,
             desired
             and
             earnestly
             importuned
             his
             Majestie
             so
             to
             do
             ;
             and
             that
             of
             himself
             hee
             had
             no
             such
             Intention
             ,
             neither
             did
             
               Monsieur
               de
               Xeures
            
             ever
             mention
             it
             :
             And
             ,
             it
             is
             not
             to
             bee
             thought
             ,
             that
             those
             Noblemen
             
             tooke
             pleasure
             in
             seeing
             anie
             stranger
             advanced
             above
             them
             in
             their
             own
             Countrie
             ;
             But
             they
             were
             induced
             hereunto
             ,
             out
             of
             hopes
             to
             ingratiate
             themselvs
             thereby
             to
             the
             Flemings
             ,
             and
             chiefly
             to
             Xeures
             ,
             who
             had
             the
             King's
             ear
             above
             anie
             at
             that
             time
             .
             Such
             is
             the
             force
             and
             power
             of
             over-swaying
             Ambition
             ,
             which
             so
             bastardiseth
             ,
             and
             adulterate's
             the
             hearts
             even
             of
             Noble-men
             ,
             that
             they
             will
             descend
             ,
             or
             stoop
             to
             anie
             thing
             ,
             
             to
             currie
             favor
             with
             a
             Prince's
             Minion
             .
             
               Don
               Carles
            
             at
             that
             time
             ,
             could
             not
             reckon
             above
             seventeen
             years
             and
             a
             half
             at
             most
             ,
             from
             his
             Nativitie
             ,
             which
             was
             a
             verie
             tender
             age
             ,
             to
             undergo
             so
             weightie
             a
             charge
             ,
             as
             was
             that
             of
             ruling
             so
             manie
             ,
             and
             so
             considerable
             Countries
             ;
             especially
             ,
             those
             of
             Spain
             ,
             where
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             Laws
             and
             Customs
             ,
             it
             never
             had
             been
             seen
             ,
             that
             a
             Youth
             so
             young
             ,
             and
             one
             that
             had
             been
             born
             and
             bred
             in
             foreign
             parts
             should
             sit
             in
             their
             King's
             Throne
             .
             Hee
             understood
             no
             Spanish
             ,
             neither
             was
             hee
             acquainted
             with
             the
             inclinations
             ,
             and
             dispositions
             of
             the
             people
             :
             therefore
             (
             although
             hee
             was
             verie
             ingenuous
             ,
             
             and
             of
             as
             excellent
             and
             sweet
             a
             nature
             ,
             as
             could
             bee
             desired
             in
             a
             truly
             
               Christian
               Prince
            
             )
             hee
             could
             do
             no
             less
             then
             suffer
             himself
             to
             bee
             advised
             ,
             and
             guided
             by
             som
             of
             more
             mature
             years
             and
             experience
             .
             And
             having
             been
             bred
             and
             tutored
             from
             his
             infancie
             ,
             
             by
             
               Guillermo
               de
               Croüy
            
             Lord
             of
             Xeures
             (
             who
             was
             Duke
             of
             Sora
             ,
             in
             the
             kingdom
             of
             Naples
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             Duke
             of
             Arschot
             in
             Brabant
             ,
             a
             man
             of
             ripe
             age
             ,
             solid
             Judgment
             ,
             and
             eminent
             parts
             answerable
             to
             his
             birth
             ,
             beeing
             descended
             of
             the
             illustrious
             stock
             of
             the
             Kings
             of
             Hungarie
             ,
             and
             recommended
             to
             bee
             his
             Governor
             ,
             by
             his
             Grandfather
             Maximilian
             the
             Emperor
             )
             hee
             committed
             himself
             with
             the
             management
             of
             all
             State-affairs
             ,
             wholly
             to
             his
             wisdom
             ;
             and
             Xeures
             in
             matters
             concerning
             Spain
             ,
             (
             beeing
             a
             stranger
             to
             that
             Countrie
             )
             was
             led
             by
             
               Maestro
               Mota
            
             ,
             a
             Native
             of
             
               Burgos
               ,
               Bishop
            
             of
             Badajos
             ,
             and
             som
             other
             Castillians
             ,
             who
             were
             more
             ambitious
             then
             virtuous
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             VI.
             
          
           
             AFter
             the
             reception
             of
             the
             Prince
             
               Don
               Carles
            
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             (
             which
             was
             most
             splendid
             and
             magnificent
             )
             all
             the
             
               Procuradores
               del
               Reyno
            
             ,
             or
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             were
             summoned
             to
             assemble
             in
             Parlament
             ;
             wherein
             the
             Castillians
             were
             highly
             distasted
             ,
             becaus
             the
             Lord
             Chancellor
             (
             a
             Fleming
             )
             assisted
             as
             President
             for
             his
             Highness
             ,
             and
             that
             other
             strangers
             were
             admitted
             to
             sit
             in
             Parlament
             ;
             Som
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             took
             the
             oath
             of
             Allegeance
             to
             his
             Highness
             ,
             
             as
             King
             ;
             others
             refused
             to
             acknowledg
             him
             to
             bee
             their
             King
             ,
             as
             long
             as
             his
             Mother
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             was
             living
             ,
             (
             who
             was
             right
             heir
             to
             the
             Crown
             )
             and
             that
             hee
             first
             should
             swear
             to
             maintein
             and
             observ
             the
             fundamental
             Laws
             and
             Customs
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ;
             especially
             ,
             that
             no
             Offices
             ,
             or
             places
             of
             Benefit
             or
             Trust
             ,
             either
             Ecclesiastical
             or
             Temporal
             ,
             should
             bee
             conferred
             upon
             anie
             ,
             that
             were
             not
             Natives
             of
             that
             Countrie
             ;
             But
             at
             last
             ,
             all
             beeing
             agreed
             ,
             both
             the
             Grandees
             and
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             kingdom
             took
             the
             Oath
             ;
             the
             Cerimonie
             was
             in
             this
             manner
             :
             
             On
             Sundaie
             the
             7th
             of
             Februarie
             ,
             1518
             ,
             the
             Prince
             accompanied
             by
             all
             the
             Embassadors
             ,
             and
             Nobles
             of
             his
             Dominions
             ,
             having
             heard
             Mass
             in
             St
             Paul's
             Church
             at
             Valladolid
             ,
             was
             seated
             in
             a
             chair
             before
             the
             Altar
             ,
             and
             
               Adriano
               ,
               Cardinal
            
             of
             Tortosa
             ,
             holding
             the
             Evangelists
             in
             his
             hands
             ,
             
               Don
               Garzia
               de
               Padilla
            
             read
             with
             a
             loud
             voice
             the
             contents
             of
             the
             Oath
             ;
             which
             don
             ,
             the
             
               Infante
               Don
               Fernando
            
             swore
             first
             upon
             the
             book
             ,
             then
             went
             to
             kiss
             the
             King's
             hand
             ;
             but
             the
             King
             refusing
             to
             give
             his
             hand
             ,
             embraced
             him
             ,
             and
             laid
             his
             cheek
             to
             his
             brother's
             ;
             After
             that
             the
             Infante
             took
             his
             Sister
             
               Donnia
               Leoner
            
             by
             the
             hand
             ,
             and
             led
             her
             to
             swear
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             to
             kiss
             his
             Majestie
             's
             hand
             ,
             but
             the
             King
             arose
             ,
             and
             kissed
             her
             cheek
             ,
             then
             they
             passed
             on
             the
             King's
             right
             hand
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             stood
             close
             to
             his
             chair
             bare
             headed
             .
             Immediately
             came
             the
             Infante
             
             of
             Granada
             ,
             with
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             Santiago
             ,
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Granado
             and
             other
             Prelates
             to
             take
             the
             Oath
             ;
             after
             them
             followed
             the
             Grandees
             ,
             and
             Nobles
             there
             present
             ,
             to
             whom
             the
             
               Infante
               Don
               Fernando
            
             held
             the
             Book
             :
             
               Don
               Garzia
            
             read
             the
             Oath
             to
             the
             Nobles
             ,
             and
             likewise
             to
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             several
             Cities
             ;
             who
             having
             sworn
             ,
             went
             all
             to
             kiss
             his
             Majestie
             's
             hand
             .
             After
             all
             which
             ,
             the
             King
             swore
             upon
             the
             same
             holy
             Evangelists
             ,
             
             to
             keep
             and
             fulfil
             all
             ,
             and
             everie
             thing
             ,
             and
             Article
             ,
             which
             hee
             had
             promissed
             ,
             and
             agreed
             of
             with
             the
             Commissioners
             .
             Moreover
             was
             added
             ,
             if
             at
             anie
             time
             it
             should
             pleas
             God
             to
             restore
             the
             
               Queen
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             ,
             his
             mother
             ,
             to
             her
             perfect
             health
             and
             abilitie
             ,
             to
             rule
             her
             Kingdom
             ,
             that
             hee
             should
             desist
             from
             the
             Government
             ,
             and
             that
             onely
             shee
             should
             reign
             ;
             That
             in
             all
             Writings
             ,
             Letters
             ,
             Commissions
             or
             publick
             Acts
             whatsoëver
             ,
             during
             the
             said
             
               Donnia
               Iuana's
            
             life
             ,
             her
             name
             should
             bee
             set
             in
             the
             first
             place
             ,
             and
             then
             his
             :
             And
             that
             hee
             should
             bee
             styled
             onely
             Prince
             of
             Spain
             .
             This
             don
             ,
             
               Te
               Deum
               laudamus
            
             was
             sung
             with
             great
             solemnitie
             ,
             and
             varietie
             of
             musical
             Instruments
             .
          
           
             The
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             beeing
             all
             assembled
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             made
             a
             very
             discreet
             speech
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             in
             answer
             to
             that
             which
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Badajos
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Garzia
               de
               Padilla
            
             had
             propounded
             in
             his
             Majestie
             's
             name
             ,
             intimating
             ,
             that
             amongst
             themselvs
             ,
             they
             should
             seriously
             consider
             ,
             and
             weigh
             those
             things
             which
             were
             important
             to
             the
             good
             preservation
             and
             increasing
             of
             those
             kingdoms
             .
             The
             Commissioners
             desired
             with
             very
             valid
             and
             good
             reasons
             ,
             That
             his
             Majestie
             would
             put
             in
             execution
             the
             holie
             and
             Catholick
             Propositions
             ,
             which
             hee
             had
             expressed
             in
             favor
             of
             his
             kingdom
             ,
             and
             the
             Subjects
             thereof
             .
             And
             that
             they
             might
             enjoie
             the
             fruit
             of
             his
             so
             virtuous
             and
             holie
             desires
             ,
             they
             came
             to
             put
             him
             in
             minde
             ,
             how
             ,
             by
             a
             decree
             and
             express
             order
             from
             Heaven
             hee
             was
             chosen
             ,
             and
             called
             to
             bee
             King
             ,
             whose
             office
             was
             to
             govern
             well
             ,
             and
             to
             govern
             well
             was
             to
             administer
             Iustice
             ,
             giving
             to
             everie
             one
             that
             which
             is
             his
             ;
             and
             they
             desired
             that
             his
             chief
             ends
             and
             intention
             
             might
             tend
             thereunto
             ;
             for
             although
             Kings
             do
             possess
             divers
             other
             qualities
             and
             things
             recommendable
             ,
             as
             their
             
               linage
               ,
               dignities
               ,
               power
               ,
               honor
               ,
               riches
               ,
               delights
               ,
               estimation
               ,
               &c.
            
             none
             of
             all
             these
             make
             a
             King
             according
             to
             right
             ,
             but
             onely
             the
             administring
             of
             Iustice
             ;
             And
             for
             this
             onely
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             name
             thereof
             the
             holie
             Ghost
             hath
             said
             ,
             That
             kings
             do
             reign
             ;
             That
             Iustice
             and
             the
             ruling
             therewith
             ,
             do
             require
             ,
             that
             when
             the
             Subjects
             sleep
             ,
             their
             kings
             should
             watch
             .
             And
             that
             it
             was
             his
             part
             so
             to
             do
             ,
             for
             in
             effect
             hee
             was
             as
             an
             hireling
             to
             his
             Subjects
             :
             for
             that
             caus
             did
             they
             give
             him
             part
             of
             their
             fruits
             and
             estates
             ,
             and
             serv
             him
             with
             their
             persons
             ,
             if
             (
             need
             requiring
             )
             it
             bee
             his
             pleasure
             to
             call
             them
             :
             That
             by
             a
             certain
             tacit
             contract
             the
             King
             is
             obliged
             to
             do
             Iustice
             to
             his
             people
             ;
             which
             is
             a
             thing
             of
             such
             excellencie
             and
             Dignitie
             ,
             that
             God
             hath
             made
             it
             one
             of
             his
             own
             attributes
             ,
             calling
             himself
             the
             
               Iust
               Iudg
            
             ;
             that
             God
             ,
             beeing
             so
             great
             a
             friend
             ,
             and
             lover
             of
             Iustice
             ,
             would
             likewise
             bee
             a
             friend
             to
             him
             that
             should
             bee
             careful
             in
             preserving
             and
             administring
             thereof
             .
             That
             the
             charge
             of
             him
             that
             is
             to
             judg
             ,
             beeing
             of
             such
             high
             importance
             ,
             hee
             whom
             God
             hath
             called
             to
             manage
             a
             Scepter
             ,
             hath
             need
             of
             som
             assistant
             ;
             therefore
             it
             is
             necessarie
             that
             the
             King
             should
             have
             som
             inferior
             Ministers
             ,
             that
             may
             bear
             a
             part
             of
             that
             weightie
             burthen
             and
             incessant
             cares
             ,
             which
             accompanie
             the
             Roial
             dignitie
             ,
             the
             supream
             Power
             still
             remaining
             in
             his
             own
             hands
             .
             That
             a
             good
             King
             ought
             to
             choos
             and
             seek
             out
             such
             men
             for
             his
             Ministers
             ,
             as
             Moses
             did
             ,
             when
             hee
             received
             a
             command
             from
             God
             to
             elect
             seventie
             and
             two
             men
             out
             of
             his
             people
             ,
             who
             might
             assist
             him
             in
             the
             Government
             ,
             and
             eas
             him
             of
             a
             part
             of
             the
             care
             and
             troubles
             ,
             wherewith
             hee
             was
             surchar●●d
             :
             those
             men
             were
             to
             bee
             wise
             ,
             of
             mature
             years
             ,
             fearing
             God
             ,
             enemies
             to
             Covetousness
             and
             all
             other
             passions
             ,
             which
             may
             blinde
             and
             pervert
             the
             understanding
             .
             That
             although
             they
             doubted
             not
             to
             finde
             all
             these
             perfections
             in
             his
             highness
             ,
             yet
             they
             humbly
             desired
             him
             to
             ratifie
             the
             ensuing
             Articles
             .
          
           
             1.
             
             That
             the
             
               Queen
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             ,
             his
             mother
             ,
             might
             have
             a
             Court
             ,
             and
             attendants
             suitable
             to
             the
             Dignitie
             of
             her
             person
             ,
             
             as
             beeing
             the
             Queen
             and
             
               Ladie
               proprietarie
            
             of
             those
             Kingdoms
             :
             whereunto
             hee
             answered
             That
             hee
             thanked
             them
             ,
             and
             assured
             them
             that
             hee
             had
             nothing
             in
             greater
             recommendation
             ,
             then
             what
             concerned
             that
             particular
             ,
             as
             they
             should
             finde
             by
             effects
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             That
             hee
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             marrie
             with
             what
             convenient
             speed
             might
             bee
             ,
             it
             beeing
             very
             requisite
             for
             the
             good
             of
             the
             kingdom
             ,
             that
             hee
             should
             leav
             a
             prosperous
             issue
             to
             rule
             manie
             years
             over
             them
             :
             the
             King
             replyed
             ,
             That
             hee
             would
             consider
             thereupon
             ,
             and
             do
             that
             which
             shall
             bee
             most
             conducing
             to
             his
             honor
             ,
             the
             benefit
             of
             his
             Kingdoms
             ,
             and
             the
             succession
             thereof
             .
          
           
             3.
             
             That
             the
             
               Infante
               Don
               Fernando
            
             might
             not
             go
             out
             of
             the
             kingdom
             ,
             until
             hee
             were
             married
             ,
             and
             had
             children
             :
             the
             king
             made
             answer
             ,
             That
             hee
             was
             not
             more
             careful
             of
             anie
             thing
             in
             the
             world
             ,
             then
             of
             the
             advancement
             of
             his
             brother
             ,
             the
             Infante
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             would
             order
             nothing
             to
             bee
             don
             concerning
             his
             person
             ,
             but
             what
             should
             bee
             for
             his
             advantage
             ,
             and
             the
             good
             of
             those
             kingdoms
             .
          
           
             4.
             
             That
             hee
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             speak
             Spanish
             ;
             for
             by
             practising
             hee
             would
             the
             sooner
             learn
             ,
             and
             better
             understand
             his
             Subjects
             ,
             and
             bee
             understood
             by
             them
             .
             Hee
             answered
             ,
             That
             hee
             was
             well
             contented
             ,
             and
             would
             strive
             so
             to
             do
             ,
             and
             the
             rather
             ,
             becaus
             they
             desired
             it
             in
             the
             name
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             :
             so
             ,
             afterwards
             hee
             did
             speak
             Spanish
             with
             them
             and
             others
             .
          
           
             5.
             
             That
             hee
             would
             not
             alienate
             anie
             thing
             from
             the
             
               Roial
               Crown
            
             ,
             and
             if
             anie
             should
             desire
             Iustice
             of
             him
             for
             their
             grievances
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             give
             order
             to
             have
             it
             don
             them
             .
             Hee
             answered
             ,
             That
             hee
             would
             do
             therein
             according
             to
             his
             Oath
             ,
             and
             would
             redress
             all
             those
             that
             came
             to
             complain
             .
          
           
             6.
             
             That
             whatsoêver
             the
             
               Catholick
               King
            
             and
             
               Don
               Philip
            
             ,
             his
             father
             ,
             had
             given
             away
             by
             waie
             of
             Dowrie
             or
             Legacie
             ,
             hee
             would
             command
             to
             bee
             fulfilled
             ,
             for
             the
             repose
             and
             discharging
             of
             their
             consciences
             :
             Hee
             answered
             That
             hee
             would
             ;
             provided
             ,
             that
             it
             might
             bee
             don
             without
             prejudice
             to
             the
             Roial
             Patrimonie
             .
          
           
           
             Sixtie
             seven
             more
             Articles
             they
             propounded
             ,
             which
             ,
             becaus
             they
             are
             more
             at
             large
             specified
             hereafter
             ,
             I
             shall
             forbear
             to
             trouble
             the
             Reader
             with
             them
             in
             this
             place
             ;
             His
             Majestie
             gave
             so
             gracious
             an
             answer
             to
             them
             all
             ,
             (
             thanking
             the
             Com●issioners
             in
             a
             very
             courteous
             manner
             )
             that
             they
             remained
             very
             well
             apayed
             and
             satisfied
             .
          
           
             The
             Subsidie
             which
             they
             granted
             him
             in
             this
             first
             Parlament
             (
             according
             to
             
               Fray
               Antonio
               de
               Guevara's
            
             relation
             )
             was
             one
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             millions
             of
             Marauediz
             ;
             
             A●d
             Pero-Mexia
             saith
             ,
             it
             was
             six
             hundred
             thousand
             Du●kets
             ,
             t●
             bee
             raised
             the
             three
             first
             years
             .
             The
             Parlament
             beeing
             ended
             ,
             there
             was
             celebrated
             a
             Iust
             ,
             or
             
               Turnam●nt
               Royal
            
             in
             the
             chief
             market
             place
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             five
             and
             twentie
             against
             five
             and
             twentie
             ;
             Som
             Spaniards
             ,
             and
             som
             Flemish
             Noblemen
             ,
             who
             strove
             to
             out-view
             each
             other
             ,
             aswell
             in
             the
             ric●ne●s
             of
             their
             habits
             and
             liv●ries
             ,
             as
             in
             feats
             of
             arms
             ;
             Seven
             of
             them
             were
             killed
             ,
             and
             som
             hurt
             ;
             therefore
             it
             was
             commonly
             said
             ,
             That
             for
             a
             Combat
             in
             earnest
             the
             loss
             was
             not
             great
             ,
             but
             ,
             for
             a
             jest
             it
             was
             too
             much
             .
             After
             this
             solemnitie
             ,
             which
             ●ontinued
             certain
             daies
             ,
             the
             King
             having
             visited
             his
             mo●her
             ,
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             ,
             and
             the
             
               Queen
               Germana
            
             ,
             leaving
             all
             things
             in
             good
             order
             in
             Castillia
             ,
             departed
             ●ith
             his
             Court
             for
             Aragon
             ,
             taking
             his
             sister
             ,
             
               Donnia
               Leonor
            
             ,
             and
             the
             
               Queen
               Germana
            
             with
             him
             .
             Hee
             made
             the
             town
             of
             Aranda
             in
             his
             waie
             ,
             whither
             his
             brother
             ,
             
             the
             
               Infante
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ,
             was
             returned
             with
             small
             contentment
             ,
             becaus
             they
             made
             such
             haste
             to
             pack
             him
             out
             of
             Spain
             .
             There
             the
             King
             remained
             som
             few
             daies
             ,
             during
             which
             time
             ,
             the
             Infante
             was
             dispatched
             for
             Fland●rs
             ,
             as
             was
             before
             determined
             ;
             for
             the
             Ki●g
             (
             ●ot
             beeing
             yet
             arrived
             in
             Castillia
             ,
             som
             men
             of
             note
             about
             the
             In●ante's
             person
             ,
             put
             thoughts
             into
             his
             head
             of
             succeeding
             his
             grandfather
             in
             the
             Crown
             ;
             and
             it
             was
             greatly
             to
             bee
             fea●ed
             that
             the
             Cas●illians
             w●uld
             have
             declared
             for
             him
             ,
             to
             the
             prejudice
             of
             
               Don
               Carles
            
             ,
             hee
             beeing
             of
             their
             Countrie
             ,
             and
             his
             brother
             a
             Fleming
             :
             besides
             ,
             his
             name
             ,
             Fernando
             was
             enough
             to
             gain
             him
             the
             affection
             and
             hearts
             of
             all
             Spain
             ,
             for
             his
             Grandfat●ers
             sake
             ,
             whose
             
             memorie
             was
             held
             in
             great
             honor
             and
             adoration
             amongst
             them
             ;
             But
             God
             disposed
             it
             otherwise
             for
             the
             good
             and
             quiet
             of
             those
             Kingdoms
             .
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             beeing
             fitted
             with
             attendants
             ,
             and
             all
             necessaries
             for
             his
             voiage
             ,
             the
             King
             continued
             his
             progress
             into
             Aragon
             ,
             
             hee
             was
             received
             in
             Saragosa
             with
             very
             great
             solemnitie
             and
             joie
             ,
             the
             15
             of
             Maie
             1518.
             
             The
             Castillians
             expressed
             much
             discontent
             at
             the
             departure
             of
             the
             
               Infante
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ,
             
             and
             began
             to
             murmur
             every
             where
             ,
             they
             beeing
             of
             opinion
             ,
             that
             hee
             ought
             not
             to
             bee
             sent
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             until
             his
             brother
             were
             married
             and
             had
             children
             .
             They
             were
             likewise
             distasted
             ,
             and
             the
             Aragoneses
             also
             ,
             at
             the
             present
             Government
             ;
             for
             they
             could
             not
             endure
             that
             strangers
             should
             bear
             so
             great
             swaie
             in
             their
             Countrie
             ,
             that
             all
             businesses
             must
             pass
             through
             the
             hands
             of
             Xeures
             ,
             and
             his
             friends
             ,
             who
             had
             the
             name
             of
             beeing
             over-greedie
             ,
             and
             covetous
             ;
             the
             same
             brand
             was
             laied
             upon
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Flemings
             that
             attended
             his
             Majestie
             .
             But
             that
             was
             no
             wonder
             ,
             for
             all
             Prince's
             Favorites
             (
             bee
             they
             never
             so
             just
             and
             well
             deserving
             )
             are
             generally
             envied
             ,
             and
             abhorred
             by
             most
             people
             .
             They
             said
             moreover
             ,
             that
             the
             King
             was
             wilful
             ,
             untractable
             ,
             disdainful
             ,
             and
             gave
             small
             testimonies
             of
             affection
             to
             the
             Spanish
             Nation
             ,
             with
             divers
             other
             such
             like
             discontented
             speeches
             ,
             which
             are
             mentioned
             more
             at
             large
             hereafter
             .
             But
             to
             saie
             the
             truth
             ,
             the
             King
             was
             no
             waie
             to
             bee
             blamed
             ;
             for
             hee
             was
             so
             young
             ,
             that
             of
             necessitie
             hee
             must
             suffer
             himself
             to
             bee
             directed
             by
             those
             ,
             who
             had
             bred
             him
             up
             from
             his
             infancie
             .
             Time
             made
             the
             Spaniards
             plainly
             see
             ,
             when
             hee
             came
             to
             riper
             years
             ,
             that
             hee
             loved
             ,
             respected
             ,
             and
             esteemed
             them
             above
             all
             other
             Nations
             ,
             which
             appeared
             by
             his
             placing
             them
             in
             offices
             of
             the
             greatest
             Honor
             and
             Trust
             ,
             not
             onely
             in
             Spain
             ,
             but
             in
             
               Italie
               ,
               Flanders
            
             ,
             and
             Germanie
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             VII
             .
          
           
             THe
             
               King
               having
            
             been
             som
             daies
             at
             Saragosa
             ,
             the
             Parlament
             began
             ,
             which
             continued
             so
             long
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             forc'd
             to
             remain
             there
             eight
             moneths
             ;
             there
             the
             grand
             Chancellor
             dyed
             ,
             not
             much
             lamented
             by
             the
             Spaniards
             ,
             who
             abhorred
             the
             verie
             memorie
             of
             him
             ,
             and
             hee
             cared
             more
             for
             his
             gold
             then
             for
             their
             favor
             or
             displeasure
             .
             This
             
               Monsieur
               de
               Laxao
            
             left
             a
             very
             bad
             name
             behinde
             him
             ;
             in
             his
             place
             ,
             by
             his
             Majestie
             's
             command
             ,
             
             succeeded
             
               Mercurino
               de
               Gatinara
            
             ,
             a
             man
             of
             singular
             wisdom
             and
             learning
             ,
             a
             friend
             to
             Iustice
             and
             Equitie
             ,
             and
             a
             great
             Iurisconsult
             .
             The
             Grandees
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Aragon
             beeing
             assembled
             in
             the
             Arch-Bishop's
             Palace
             ,
             who
             was
             unckle
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             they
             desired
             him
             to
             let
             them
             understand
             his
             pleasure
             ,
             for
             they
             were
             very
             willing
             and
             desirous
             to
             serv
             him
             ,
             as
             they
             had
             don
             his
             Predecessors
             ,
             but
             conditionally
             ,
             that
             they
             might
             enjoie
             the
             antient
             Customs
             and
             Privileges
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ;
             the
             King
             answered
             ,
             they
             should
             ;
             But
             considering
             the
             indisposition
             of
             the
             Queen
             ,
             his
             mother
             ,
             hee
             willed
             and
             required
             them
             to
             acknowlegd
             him
             their
             King
             ,
             as
             those
             of
             Castillia
             had
             don
             .
             Whereunto
             the
             Iurados
             ,
             or
             Iurates
             ,
             in
             the
             name
             of
             the
             kingdom
             ,
             
             replied
             ,
             they
             would
             ,
             though
             it
             was
             against
             the
             Laws
             ,
             his
             mother
             beeing
             yet
             living
             ;
             So
             that
             his
             Highness
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             swear
             the
             
               Infante
               Don
               Fernando
               Prince
            
             of
             Spain
             ,
             the
             same
             daie
             ,
             as
             they
             should
             swear
             him
             King
             ;
             not
             that
             the
             Infante
             should
             remain
             Prince
             ,
             and
             heir
             to
             the
             Crown
             ,
             but
             onely
             until
             such
             time
             as
             hee
             should
             bee
             married
             and
             God
             should
             bless
             him
             with
             som
             hopeful
             issue
             to
             succeed
             him
             ,
             whereunto
             ,
             if
             his
             Highness
             would
             not
             consent
             ,
             they
             would
             swear
             him
             Executor
             ,
             and
             Administrator
             of
             the
             Queen
             ,
             his
             mother's
             estate
             :
             and
             if
             hee
             would
             not
             condescend
             to
             this
             ,
             they
             told
             him
             in
             plain
             terms
             ,
             that
             they
             had
             no
             leav
             nor
             power
             to
             do
             
             otherwise
             ,
             and
             although
             they
             had
             ,
             they
             would
             not
             put
             it
             in
             execution
             ;
             for
             that
             would
             much
             prejudice
             ,
             and
             damnifie
             their
             exemptions
             .
             The
             King
             was
             much
             displeased
             at
             their
             peremptoriness
             ,
             and
             answered
             them
             not
             one
             syllable
             :
             the
             Grandees
             of
             Castillia
             beeing
             present
             ,
             grew
             out
             of
             patience
             at
             the
             Aragoneses
             sawciness
             ,
             and
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             told
             the
             King
             openly
             ,
             that
             ,
             if
             his
             Majestie
             would
             take
             his
             Counsel
             ,
             hee
             should
             make
             them
             com
             under
             the
             yoke
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             venter
             his
             life
             and
             fortune
             ,
             to
             serv
             him
             in
             that
             design
             ;
             that
             his
             Majestie
             's
             onely
             waie
             was
             ,
             
             to
             rais
             a
             powerful
             Armie
             ,
             and
             subdue
             that
             Kingdom
             by
             force
             of
             Arms
             ,
             and
             so
             hee
             might
             impose
             upon
             them
             what
             Laws
             hee
             pleased
             ,
             not
             such
             as
             they
             desired
             and
             fancied
             .
             At
             which
             words
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Aranda
             answered
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             in
             such
             harsh
             and
             bitter
             tearms
             ,
             that
             all
             the
             Palace
             ,
             and
             the
             Grandees
             of
             the
             Court
             were
             com
             almost
             to
             daggers
             drawing
             :
             So
             that
             the
             King
             had
             much
             to
             do
             to
             pacifie
             them
             ,
             commanding
             everie
             one
             of
             them
             to
             repair
             to
             their
             own
             houses
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             stir
             abroad
             upon
             pain
             of
             death
             ;
             But
             his
             Commands
             were
             not
             fully
             obeied
             that
             time
             ;
             for
             night
             beeing
             com
             ,
             divers
             of
             both
             parties
             met
             in
             the
             streets
             ,
             and
             manie
             of
             them
             were
             sore
             wounded
             ,
             and
             questionless
             ,
             the
             dispute
             had
             been
             more
             bloudie
             ,
             if
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             had
             not
             left
             his
             supper
             ,
             and
             com
             out
             with
             other
             Noblemen
             to
             part
             them
             .
             The
             next
             daie
             ,
             the
             King
             made
             the
             Earls
             of
             Venavente
             and
             Aranda
             friends
             ,
             which
             don
             ,
             the
             Aragoneses
             were
             brought
             to
             reason
             ,
             and
             beeing
             willing
             to
             conform
             themselvs
             with
             the
             Castillians
             ,
             they
             took
             the
             same
             Oath
             ,
             and
             acknowleged
             the
             King
             to
             bee
             their
             King
             and
             Lord
             ,
             jointly
             with
             
               Donnia
               Iuana
            
             the
             Queen
             ,
             his
             mother
             ,
             as
             had
             been
             don
             in
             Castillia
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             VIII
             .
          
           
             IN
             the
             beginning
             of
             the
             year
             1519
             ,
             
             the
             Parlament
             of
             Aragon
             beeing
             ended
             ,
             the
             King
             went
             to
             visite
             his
             Dominions
             
             of
             Barcelona
             ,
             and
             would
             have
             don
             the
             like
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             
             if
             his
             occasions
             had
             permitted
             .
             Beeing
             at
             Barcelona
             ,
             news
             was
             brought
             him
             that
             Maximilian
             the
             ●mperor
             ,
             his
             Grandfather
             ,
             died
             at
             Belsis
             the
             12th
             of
             Januarie
             1519
             ,
             whereat
             hee
             was
             not
             a
             little
             troubled
             ;
             all
             the
             Court
             was
             forthwith
             put
             into
             mourning
             ,
             and
             his
             Obsequies
             celebrated
             with
             very
             great
             solemnitie
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             honor
             and
             greatness
             of
             his
             person
             ,
             
             who
             was
             one
             of
             the
             most
             virtuous
             ,
             and
             wel-deserving
             Emperors
             that
             ever
             had
             command
             in
             Germanie
             :
             hee
             was
             of
             a
             most
             noble
             and
             generous
             disposition
             ,
             pious
             and
             valiant
             .
             The
             ten
             first
             years
             of
             his
             age
             ,
             hee
             could
             make
             no
             use
             at
             all
             of
             his
             tongue
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             the
             Emperor
             Frederick
             ,
             his
             father
             ,
             thought
             hee
             would
             bee
             dumb
             ,
             or
             a
             fool
             ;
             But
             coming
             to
             mature
             years
             ,
             hee
             gave
             great
             evidences
             of
             very
             rich
             endowments
             of
             his
             soul.
             Hee
             died
             of
             a
             Flux
             ,
             in
             the
             sixtie
             third
             year
             of
             his
             age
             ,
             having
             governed
             the
             Empire
             twentie
             five
             years
             ,
             after
             his
             Father
             's
             deceas
             .
             Francis
             ,
             the
             First
             of
             France
             ,
             
             stood
             in
             competition
             with
             
               Don
               Carles
            
             ,
             for
             the
             succession
             to
             the
             Imperial
             Crown
             ,
             and
             left
             no
             waie
             unattempted
             to
             corrupt
             the
             El●ctors
             ,
             and
             make
             them
             of
             his
             partie
             .
             But
             the
             major
             part
             ,
             after
             manie
             ,
             long
             ,
             and
             serious
             debates
             ,
             thinking
             it
             more
             fit
             to
             continue
             that
             Dignitie
             to
             the
             Hous
             of
             Austria
             (
             who
             were
             Natives
             of
             that
             Countrie
             )
             then
             to
             transfer
             it
             upon
             a
             strange
             Prince
             ,
             made
             the
             election
             in
             favor
             of
             
               Don
               Carles
            
             ,
             
             King
             of
             Spain
             ,
             to
             the
             great
             contentment
             of
             all
             Princes
             ,
             and
             people
             of
             Germamie
             .
             The
             Electors
             of
             the
             sacred
             Empire
             ,
             at
             that
             time
             were
             ,
             
               Alberto
               Archbishop
            
             of
             Maguncia
             ,
             or
             
               M●ntz
               ,
               Hertnao
               Archbishop
            
             of
             
               Colonia
               ,
               Ricardo
               Archbishop
            
             of
             Tr●ues
             ,
             
             
               Frederico
               Duke
            
             of
             
               Saxonia
               ,
               Lewis
               King
            
             of
             Bohemia
             ,
             and
             
               Hungaria
               ,
               Ioachim
               Marquis
            
             of
             
               Brandeburg
               ,
               Lewis
               Count
               Palatine
            
             of
             the
             Rhyne
             .
             The
             Election
             beeing
             past
             in
             Franckfort
             ,
             and
             published
             all
             over
             Germanie
             ,
             the
             Electors
             sent
             
               Frederick
               Duke
            
             of
             Baviers
             into
             Spain
             ,
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ;
             in
             mean
             time
             ,
             they
             ordered
             all
             matters
             concerning
             the
             Empire
             ,
             and
             made
             Casimire
             of
             Brandeburg
             Captain
             General
             of
             the
             Imperial
             forces
             ,
             until
             the
             new
             Emperor
             should
             com
             to
             receiv
             his
             
             Crown
             .
             Whilst
             these
             things
             passed
             in
             Germanie
             ,
             the
             King
             celebrated
             in
             Barcelona
             ,
             the
             feast
             of
             the
             Order
             of
             the
             
               golden
               Fleece
            
             ;
             there
             the
             
               Lord
               high
               Counstable
            
             of
             
               Castillia
               ,
               Don
               Innigo
               de
               Velasco
               ,
               Don
               Iadrique
               de
               Toledo
               Duke
            
             of
             
               Alva
               ,
               Don
               Alvaro
               de
               Zunniga
               Duke
            
             of
             
               Vejar
               ,
               Don
               Fadrique
               Enriquez
            
             Lord
             Admiral
             of
             
               Castilla
               ,
               Don
               Estavan
               Alvarez
               Cesorio
               Marquis
            
             of
             Astorga
             ,
             received
             the
             Order
             :
             
             But
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             refused
             it
             ,
             saying
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             a
             right
             Castillian
             ,
             and
             cared
             not
             for
             anie
             badges
             of
             foreign
             honor
             ,
             those
             of
             his
             own
             Count●ie
             beeing
             as
             good
             ,
             and
             in
             his
             opinion
             far
             better
             The
             Duke
             of
             Cordona
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             A●agon
             ,
             and
             the
             Prince
             of
             Bis●●gnano
             ,
             a
             Neapolit●ne
             ,
             stood
             not
             upon
             those
             nice
             tearms
             ,
             but
             accepted
             the
             Order
             as
             a
             particular
             favor
             from
             his
             Majestie
             .
             About
             the
             same
             time
             ,
             the
             
               Queen
               Germana
            
             (
             finding
             more
             contentment
             in
             the
             Companie
             of
             a
             Husband
             ,
             then
             in
             the
             solitarie
             condition
             of
             a
             widow
             ,
             )
             was
             married
             with
             great
             solemnitie
             ,
             to
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Brandeburg
             ,
             brother
             to
             the
             Elector
             ,
             who
             (
             though
             of
             a
             very
             illustrious
             extraction
             )
             was
             so
             incomparably
             inferior
             to
             the
             Majestie
             and
             greatness
             of
             her
             former
             husband
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ,
             that
             her
             judgment
             was
             much
             censured
             for
             her
             chois
             ,
             and
             the
             Courtiers
             thought
             so
             slightly
             of
             her
             ,
             that
             divers
             would
             not
             give
             her
             the
             style
             of
             Highness
             ,
             until
             his
             Majestie
             commanded
             it
             (
             who
             assisted
             personally
             at
             the
             solemnitie
             ,
             thinking
             thereby
             to
             endeer
             th●
             Elector
             of
             Brandenburg
             ,
             the
             more
             to
             vote
             in
             his
             behalf
             .
             )
             At
             the
             beginning
             of
             Julie
             ,
             in
             the
             same
             year
             ,
             arrived
             at
             
               Barcelona
               ,
               Frederick
               Duke
            
             of
             Baviers
             ,
             brother
             to
             
               Lewis
               Duke
            
             of
             
               Baviers
               ,
               Elector
            
             and
             
               Count
               Palatine
            
             ,
             with
             the
             dispatches
             from
             the
             Electors
             ;
             and
             having
             delivered
             his
             embassage
             ,
             the
             Chancellor
             
               Mercurino
               de
               Gatinara
            
             answered
             ,
             that
             his
             Majestie
             did
             receiv
             very
             willingly
             the
             ●lection
             of
             the
             Empire
             ,
             which
             the
             seven
             
               Princes
               Electors
            
             had
             conferred
             upon
             him
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             take
             that
             weightie
             and
             honorable
             care
             upon
             himself
             ,
             out
             of
             the
             great
             affection
             which
             hee
             bore
             his
             native
             Countrie
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             would
             endeavor
             with
             all
             convenient
             speed
             ,
             to
             settle
             his
             affairs
             in
             Spain
             ,
             and
             make
             a
             voiage
             into
             Germanie
             :
             Thus
             the
             Empire
             
             beeing
             setled
             upon
             
               Don
               Carles
            
             of
             Spain
             ,
             and
             the
             King
             of
             France
             deprived
             of
             all
             his
             hopes
             (
             notwithstanding
             the
             vast
             summs
             of
             monie
             and
             presents
             ,
             wherewith
             hee
             thought
             to
             purchase
             the
             Elector's
             Votes
             )
             his
             envie
             and
             choler
             grew
             beyond
             the
             bounds
             of
             moderation
             ,
             and
             hee
             resolved
             forthwith
             to
             act
             what
             mischief
             hee
             could
             ,
             and
             interess
             the
             power
             of
             all
             other
             Princes
             ,
             his
             Allies
             ,
             against
             the
             
               Emperor
               Elect.
            
             
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             IX
             .
          
           
             WHilest
             the
             King
             ,
             or
             
               Emperor
               Elect
            
             was
             at
             Barcelona
             ,
             hee
             demanded
             the
             Catalanes
             to
             receiv
             ,
             
             and
             acknowledg
             him
             their
             King
             ,
             which
             they
             refused
             for
             a
             while
             ,
             neither
             would
             they
             consent
             ,
             that
             hee
             should
             call
             anie
             Parlamemt
             in
             their
             Countrie
             ;
             but
             at
             last
             ,
             they
             were
             perswaded
             to
             reason
             ,
             and
             swore
             Alleageance
             to
             him
             ,
             as
             Castillia
             and
             Aragon
             had
             don
             .
             The
             Emperor
             upon
             notice
             of
             his
             Election
             ,
             and
             solicitation
             of
             the
             Princes
             of
             Germanie
             for
             his
             going
             hither
             ,
             had
             not
             the
             leisure
             to
             visit
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             as
             hee
             intended
             ;
             therefore
             hee
             desired
             ,
             that
             those
             of
             that
             Kingdom
             would
             swear
             ,
             and
             acknowledg
             him
             King
             ,
             
             without
             obliging
             him
             to
             bee
             personally
             present
             ,
             in
             regard
             it
             was
             imposslble
             for
             him
             to
             perform
             that
             journie
             ,
             at
             that
             time
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             his
             new
             and
             unexspected
             occasions
             ,
             which
             called
             him
             another
             waie
             .
             But
             they
             would
             not
             hearken
             to
             anie
             such
             motion
             ,
             and
             scornfully
             made
             answer
             ,
             
             that
             they
             were
             as
             good
             as
             Aragoneses
             ,
             or
             Catalanes
             ,
             and
             since
             ,
             hee
             had
             spent
             two
             years
             time
             in
             those
             Countries
             ,
             why
             could
             not
             hee
             staie
             two
             moneths
             at
             Valencia
             ?
             The
             Emperor
             beeing
             readie
             ,
             to
             depart
             from
             Barcelona
             ,
             sent
             
               Cardinal
               Adriano
            
             to
             Valencia
             ,
             to
             pacifie
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             gave
             Commission
             to
             the
             
               Infante
               Don
               Enrique
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             Saragosa
             (
             both
             his
             Unckles
             )
             to
             call
             a
             Parlament
             in
             his
             name
             ,
             ordering
             that
             the
             monie
             which
             should
             bee
             granted
             him
             therein
             ,
             by
             waie
             of
             Subsedie
             ,
             should
             bee
             all
             distributed
             
             amongst
             the
             aggrieved
             ,
             and
             needie
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             
               Don
               Alonsa
               de
               Cordona
               Admiral
            
             of
             Aragon
             ,
             and
             the
             Duke
             of
             Gandia
             ,
             with
             several
             other
             persons
             of
             account
             ,
             gave
             their
             Votes
             to
             acknowledg
             ,
             and
             swear
             his
             Majestie
             their
             King
             ▪
             But
             the
             rest
             told
             the
             
               Cardinal
               Adriano
            
             ,
             and
             wrote
             besides
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             lose
             their
             wives
             ,
             Children
             ,
             and
             Estates
             ,
             rather
             then
             the
             Liberties
             and
             Privileges
             of
             their
             Countrie
             ;
             whereat
             the
             Cardinal
             much
             displeased
             ,
             returned
             to
             Court
             ,
             leaving
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valencia
             in
             great
             distraction
             ;
             the
             out-rages
             and
             disorders
             whereof
             ,
             shall
             bee
             hereafter
             more
             at
             large
             related
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             X.
             
          
           
             IT
             was
             agreed
             ,
             and
             his
             Majestie
             toke
             Oath
             in
             the
             Parlament
             ,
             at
             Valladolid
             ,
             That
             no
             Offices
             should
             bee
             given
             to
             strangers
             ,
             nor
             the
             kingdom
             surcharged
             with
             new
             Impositions
             ,
             but
             should
             continue
             in
             the
             same
             manner
             ,
             as
             was
             ordered
             by
             the
             Catholick
             King
             ,
             at
             a
             Parlament
             ,
             which
             hee
             called
             in
             Burgos
             ;
             Yet
             there
             was
             nothing
             less
             observed
             ,
             or
             wors
             kept
             then
             these
             Articles
             ;
             for
             the
             treasure
             of
             the
             kingdom
             was
             publickly
             exhausted
             ,
             and
             Offices
             were
             daily
             given
             to
             the
             Flemings
             ,
             who
             sold
             them
             to
             those
             that
             would
             give
             most
             monie
             ,
             and
             likewise
             divers
             spiritual
             livings
             were
             so
             bestowed
             ;
             which
             the
             Castillians
             seeing
             ,
             and
             taking
             notice
             ,
             how
             small
             account
             was
             made
             of
             the
             Grandees
             ,
             and
             Nobles
             ,
             Natives
             of
             that
             Countrie
             ,
             they
             began
             to
             bee
             distasted
             ,
             and
             muttered
             out
             manie
             things
             in
             a
             discontented
             manner
             ,
             which
             ought
             not
             to
             bee
             rehearsed
             .
             These
             murmurings
             began
             from
             the
             time
             of
             his
             Majestie
             's
             departure
             ,
             from
             Valladolid
             to
             Aragon
             ,
             which
             was
             in
             March
             1518.
             
             And
             beeing
             in
             Barcelona
             ,
             som
             troubles
             arose
             about
             Segovia
             ,
             and
             Avila
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             certain
             persons
             ,
             that
             had
             farmed
             the
             Customs
             ,
             and
             
               Roial
               Revenues
            
             ,
             which
             enhaunced
             the
             charges
             of
             the
             Countrie
             ;
             whereat
             those
             Cities
             much
             aggrieved
             ,
             
             the
             contrarie
             having
             been
             promised
             by
             the
             
               Emperor
               Elect
            
             in
             Parlament
             ;
             They
             acquainted
             the
             Citie
             of
             Toledo
             with
             their
             grievances
             ,
             and
             desired
             ,
             that
             all
             the
             Cities
             of
             the
             kingdom
             should
             make
             a
             joint-complaint
             thereof
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             and
             appoint
             their
             Commissioners
             to
             importune
             him
             for
             a
             redress
             ,
             desiring
             him
             to
             stand
             to
             the
             Ordinances
             of
             Parlament
             ,
             made
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             to
             grant
             what
             hee
             then
             refused
             ;
             moreover
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             visit
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             before
             his
             departure
             into
             Germanie
             .
             Whereunto
             the
             Lord
             Chancellor
             ,
             in
             his
             Majestie
             's
             name
             ,
             made
             answer
             ,
             That
             hee
             would
             very
             speedily
             send
             an
             Express
             ,
             to
             give
             the
             Citie
             of
             Toledo
             thanks
             for
             their
             expressions
             of
             fidelitie
             to
             him
             ,
             and
             satisfie
             them
             more
             fully
             ▪
             But
             the
             Empire
             beeing
             without
             Head
             ,
             hee
             could
             not
             defer
             his
             going
             thither
             to
             receiv
             the
             Crown
             ,
             and
             settle
             the
             Government
             ;
             which
             don
             ,
             hee
             would
             make
             all
             convenient
             haste
             back
             again
             ,
             into
             that
             Kingdom
             of
             Castillia
             ,
             whose
             good
             hee
             tendered
             in
             a
             very
             particular
             manner
             .
             The
             Commissioners
             beeing
             answered
             ,
             the
             Chapter
             of
             Toledo
             (
             as
             beeing
             the
             Chief
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             )
             presented
             their
             grievances
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             concerning
             the
             Tenth
             ,
             which
             the
             Pope
             had
             granted
             to
             him
             ,
             through
             all
             the
             Churches
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             complaining
             that
             it
             was
             a
             new
             ,
             heavie
             ,
             and
             intolerable
             tax
             ,
             and
             not
             onely
             grievous
             to
             the
             Ecclesiasticks
             ,
             but
             prejudicial
             to
             all
             his
             kingdoms
             ;
             That
             in
             former
             times
             ,
             when
             the
             said
             Kingdoms
             were
             over-run
             by
             Moors
             and
             Infidels
             ,
             although
             there
             were
             manie
             ,
             and
             bloudie
             wars
             ,
             which
             continued
             until
             the
             blessed
             reigns
             of
             the
             
               Catholick
               ,
               King
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ,
             and
             
               Donnia
               Isabel
            
             ,
             of
             glorious
             memorie
             ,
             his
             Gr●ndfather
             and
             Grandmother
             ,
             who
             conquered
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Granada
             ,
             and
             extirpated
             the
             Moorish
             race
             ,
             which
             wars
             were
             very
             necessarie
             ,
             and
             of
             extraordinarie
             expence
             ;
             yet
             there
             were
             no
             Tenths
             raised
             ,
             nor
             demanded
             ;
             It
             beeing
             an
             unheard
             of
             thing
             ,
             and
             a
             request
             as
             unjust
             as
             insupportable
             ,
             much
             less
             reason
             had
             his
             Majestie
             to
             require
             anie
             such
             thing
             of
             the
             Clergie
             ,
             his
             case
             beeing
             far
             different
             ,
             and
             his
             wars
             nothing
             so
             important
             .
             That
             hee
             should
             rather
             encourage
             the
             Clergie
             ,
             to
             praie
             for
             his
             good
             success
             ,
             then
             diminish
             
             anie
             thing
             from
             their
             subsistence
             ;
             Praiers
             beeing
             of
             more
             avail
             ,
             then
             anie
             Martial
             Discipline
             ,
             as
             appears
             by
             the
             holie
             Scriptures
             ;
             wherein
             it
             is
             read
             ,
             that
             the
             victorie
             is
             more
             certainly
             obteined
             by
             the
             praiers
             of
             devout
             Priests
             ,
             then
             by
             the
             force
             of
             Horsmen
             and
             Arms.
             But
             if
             his
             Majestie
             's
             temporal
             Revenue
             was
             not
             sufficient
             to
             maintein
             a
             just
             war
             ,
             in
             such
             case
             ,
             hee
             might
             demand
             assistance
             of
             the
             Church-men
             ,
             as
             far
             forth
             as
             the
             present
             necessitie
             did
             require
             ;
             wherein
             they
             would
             willingly
             supplie
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             making
             Levies
             amongst
             themselvs
             ,
             and
             rather
             abate
             their
             own
             subsistence
             ,
             then
             suffer
             him
             to
             bee
             disfurnished
             ,
             which
             they
             should
             not
             bee
             able
             to
             do
             ,
             if
             his
             Majestie
             in
             the
             verie
             beginning
             would
             exact
             a
             Tenth
             from
             them
             .
             Divers
             other
             reasons
             they
             alleged
             in
             their
             Petition
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             whereunto
             there
             was
             no
             time
             to
             give
             answer
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XI
             .
          
           
             MEan
             time
             the
             
               Emperor
               Maxmilian
            
             beeing
             dead
             ,
             and
             Charls
             the
             Fift
             beeing
             long
             before
             hee
             went
             thither
             ,
             to
             to
             take
             possession
             ,
             the
             People
             of
             Austria
             having
             lost
             all
             fear
             ,
             and
             respect
             of
             autoritie
             ,
             fell
             into
             the
             greatest
             disorder
             and
             mutinie
             that
             had
             been
             ,
             
             within
             compass
             of
             the
             memorie
             of
             man
             ,
             turning
             out
             ,
             and
             discarding
             all
             antient
             Officers
             of
             Justice
             ,
             and
             constituting
             others
             of
             their
             own
             combination
             :
             the
             like
             they
             did
             with
             Ecclesiastical
             benefices
             .
             The
             Loial
             Partie
             (
             which
             was
             the
             fewer
             in
             number
             )
             durst
             not
             open
             their
             mouths
             ,
             fearing
             the
             furie
             of
             the
             seditious
             vulgar
             ;
             who
             had
             possessed
             themselvs
             of
             all
             the
             Arch-Duke's
             Revenues
             ,
             and
             were
             grown
             to
             such
             a
             height
             of
             arrogancie
             ,
             that
             they
             sent
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             beeing
             at
             Barcelona
             ,
             to
             ratifie
             and
             confirm
             what
             they
             had
             don
             for
             the
             publick
             Weal
             and
             good
             Government
             (
             as
             they
             termed
             it
             )
             of
             that
             Countrie
             ,
             and
             to
             allow
             the
             new
             Officers
             of
             Iustice
             ,
             whom
             they
             had
             constituted
             .
             But
             the
             
             Emperor
             returned
             them
             such
             an
             answer
             ,
             as
             made
             them
             understand
             that
             hee
             knew
             himself
             to
             bee
             Arch-Duke
             of
             Austria
             ,
             and
             not
             they
             .
             These
             distractions
             and
             perturbations
             continued
             in
             that
             Countrie
             almost
             two
             years
             ;
             after
             which
             his
             Majestie
             returning
             into
             Germanie
             ,
             pacified
             all
             those
             dissentions
             and
             factious
             spirits
             ,
             setled
             the
             Government
             ,
             and
             received
             the
             Imperial
             Crown
             ,
             as
             shall
             bee
             expressed
             hereafter
             .
          
        
         
           Finis
           Libri
           Primi
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           THE
           SECOND
           BOOK
           .
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             I.
             
          
           
             IN
             this
             and
             the
             following
             Books
             ,
             I
             am
             to
             relate
             the
             the
             Insurrections
             or
             rising
             of
             the
             People
             (
             commonly
             called
             Communidades
             ,
             or
             Communalties
             )
             which
             continued
             in
             Spain
             ,
             from
             the
             year
             1519
             to
             1522.
             
             A
             Subject
             ,
             truly
             ,
             very
             sad
             and
             unpleasant
             ,
             and
             which
             I
             would
             willingly
             pass
             under
             silence
             ,
             becaus
             som
             Illustrious
             Families
             ,
             Noble
             Cities
             ,
             and
             principal
             Towns
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             were
             interessed
             therein
             ,
             which
             never
             had
             been
             disobedient
             to
             their
             Kings
             ,
             but
             alwaies
             esteemed
             for
             their
             loialtie
             .
             Neither
             do
             I
             conceiv
             that
             they
             thought
             anie
             waie
             to
             disserv
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             but
             rather
             to
             releas
             him
             out
             of
             that
             oppression
             (
             as
             I
             may
             term
             it
             )
             in
             which
             his
             Favorites
             held
             him
             .
             And
             ,
             it
             is
             manifest
             ,
             in
             that
             they
             so
             earnestly
             importuned
             and
             petitioned
             ,
             that
             their
             King
             would
             not
             go
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             that
             they
             desired
             ,
             and
             delighted
             to
             see
             ,
             and
             enjoie
             his
             Roial
             presence
             ;
             which
             was
             no
             sign
             ,
             that
             they
             intended
             to
             do
             him
             anie
             disservice
             :
             It
             will
             appear
             more
             evidently
             in
             the
             Progress
             of
             this
             Historie
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             letters
             which
             passed
             between
             them
             ,
             
             whereof
             som
             I
             have
             set
             down
             in
             the
             same
             manner
             ,
             as
             they
             were
             written
             in
             the
             originals
             ,
             becaus
             the
             particularitie
             of
             the
             Historie
             doth
             require
             it
             ,
             in
             a
             matter
             of
             such
             weight
             and
             danger
             .
             And
             since
             the
             Loialtie
             of
             Spain
             come's
             in
             question
             ,
             who
             have
             alwaies
             had
             their
             Princes
             in
             so
             high
             a
             reverence
             ,
             that
             they
             honored
             and
             respected
             their
             verie
             Statues
             and
             pictures
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             been
             their
             Sovereign's
             ,
             whom
             they
             represented
             :
             I
             will
             ,
             before
             I
             go
             anie
             further
             ▪
             declare
             the
             ground
             and
             reasons
             ,
             upon
             which
             the
             Castillians
             founded
             their
             complaints
             and
             grievances
             ,
             as
             I
             have
             gathered
             them
             from
             those
             who
             were
             eie-witnesses
             ,
             and
             have
             penn'd
             all
             the
             several
             passages
             ,
             with
             much
             discretion
             ,
             respect
             ,
             fear
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             with
             a
             minde
             free
             from
             partialitie
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             II.
             
          
           
             THe
             familiaritie
             of
             
               Monsieur
               de
               Xeures
            
             with
             the
             King
             was
             so
             great
             ,
             that
             hee
             rather
             seemed
             to
             bee
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             the
             King
             his
             Son
             ,
             then
             to
             bee
             Xeures
             his
             Vassal
             and
             Creature
             ,
             as
             hee
             was
             .
             There
             was
             no
             access
             ,
             nor
             speaking
             with
             the
             King
             ,
             but
             when
             Xeures
             pleased
             :
             if
             anie
             thing
             succceded
             well
             ,
             Xeures
             assumed
             the
             glorie
             to
             himself
             ,
             giving
             out
             that
             hee
             had
             don
             it
             ;
             if
             ill
             ,
             hee
             alwaies
             laid
             the
             fault
             upon
             the
             King
             ,
             saying
             ,
             The
             King
             would
             have
             it
             so
             .
             And
             ,
             indeed
             ,
             this
             was
             the
             first
             occasion
             that
             begat
             the
             innocent
             Prince
             the
             ill
             will
             of
             his
             People
             .
             I
             have
             seen
             a
             memorial
             of
             these
             Passages
             ,
             which
             a
             Gentleman
             (
             one
             of
             the
             King
             's
             Domestick
             servants
             )
             wrote
             ,
             and
             averreth
             to
             have
             been
             an
             eie-witness
             of
             them
             .
             Hee
             report's
             ,
             that
             while
             the
             King
             was
             yet
             in
             his
             minoritie
             ,
             and
             unacquainted
             with
             
               State-affairs
               ,
               Xeures
            
             would
             suffer
             no
             bodie
             to
             speak
             with
             him
             ,
             unless
             hee
             were
             first
             informed
             of
             the
             business
             ,
             that
             so
             hee
             might
             put
             into
             the
             King's
             mouth
             ,
             what
             hee
             would
             have
             him
             to
             answer
             ;
             and
             if
             anie
             refused
             to
             impart
             their
             business
             to
             him
             ,
             they
             were
             so
             far
             from
             having
             
             audience
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             not
             suffer
             them
             to
             enter
             into
             his
             Majestie
             's
             presence
             ;
             Thus
             did
             hee
             deal
             with
             those
             that
             were
             sent
             from
             Toledo
             ,
             and
             divers
             other
             Cities
             .
             Indeed
             ,
             at
             that
             time
             all
             the
             Castillians
             were
             very
             much
             discountenanced
             ,
             and
             not
             treated
             as
             their's
             and
             their
             Predecessor's
             services
             had
             deserved
             .
             The
             Flemings
             perceived
             the
             mindes
             of
             the
             Spaniards
             disposed
             for
             all
             mischief
             ;
             much
             ambition
             ,
             and
             little
             friendship
             beeing
             amongst
             them
             :
             for
             som
             devoted
             themsel●s
             particularly
             to
             
               King
               Ferdinand
            
             the
             Catholick
             ,
             others
             to
             
               King
               Philip
            
             the
             Fair.
             These
             were
             kindes
             of
             Factions
             ,
             wherewith
             were
             possessed
             for
             som
             daies
             the
             mindes
             of
             manie
             People
             .
          
           
             
               Mercurino
               Gatinara
            
             Lord
             high
             Chancellor
             was
             second
             in
             the
             Emperor's
             favor
             ,
             and
             as
             the
             Autoritie
             and
             familiaritie
             with
             Princes
             admit
             of
             no
             Competitor
             ,
             Xeures
             and
             this
             Chancellor
             could
             not
             endure
             each
             other
             :
             they
             both
             presumed
             so
             much
             ,
             that
             each
             of
             them
             would
             command
             alone
             ,
             and
             ambitioned
             a
             Power
             above
             the
             other
             ;
             these
             made
             themselvs
             the
             Heads
             of
             those
             two
             Factions
             ,
             and
             added
             more
             poison
             to
             their
             malice
             and
             discontents
             .
             Xeures
             favored
             those
             of
             Ferdinando
             :
             and
             the
             Chancellor
             sided
             with
             those
             of
             
               Don
               Philip's
            
             Partie
             .
             And
             all
             was
             ill
             (
             as
             the
             Proverb
             saie's
             )
             for
             the
             poor
             Pitcher
             ;
             for
             the
             distressed
             Countrie
             of
             Spain
             had
             all
             the
             sufferings
             .
             Xeures
             was
             so
             corrupt
             and
             covetous
             ,
             that
             he
             sold
             all
             the
             King's
             Favors
             ,
             
               Offices
               ,
               Bishopricks
               ,
               Honors
            
             ,
             and
             whatsoëver
             hee
             conceived
             would
             yield
             him
             money
             .
             The
             Chancellor
             did
             the
             like
             with
             all
             Iustice-ships
             and
             other
             Offices
             ;
             so
             that
             secluded
             Iustice
             was
             enforc'd
             to
             give
             up
             her
             Seat
             ,
             and
             Sword
             to
             the
             Tyrannie
             of
             over-ruling
             Avarice
             ;
             onely
             monie
             then
             bore
             the
             swaie
             ;
             no
             Right
             ,
             no
             Equitie
             was
             able
             to
             counterpoiz
             the
             weight
             of
             Gold
             ;
             all
             things
             and
             places
             (
             as
             in
             the
             times
             of
             Catiline
             at
             Rome
             )
             were
             then
             put
             to
             sale
             :
             The
             Flemings
             were
             much
             encouraged
             with
             this
             fine
             gold
             ,
             and
             Ingots
             of
             pure
             Silver
             ,
             that
             came
             from
             the
             Indies
             ;
             and
             the
             
               simple
               Spaniards
            
             so
             blinde
             ,
             in
             giving
             it
             for
             their
             pretensions
             ,
             that
             it
             became
             as
             common
             ,
             as
             a
             Proverb
             ,
             for
             a
             Fleming
             to
             call
             a
             
               Spaniard
               ,
               My
               Indian
            
             .
             And
             ,
             indeed
             ,
             it
             was
             not
             improper
             ,
             for
             the
             Indians
             never
             gave
             so
             
             much
             gold
             to
             the
             Spaniards
             ,
             as
             the
             Spaniards
             did
             to
             the
             Flemings
             :
             this
             in
             time
             grew
             to
             such
             a
             pass
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             publickly
             sung
             along
             the
             streets
             ,
             
               
                 Double
                 Pistol
                 ,
                 it
                 's
                 well
                 for
                 thee
                 ,
              
               
                 That
                 from
                 Xeures
                 thou
                 art
                 free
                 .
              
            
             It
             is
             reported
             that
             a
             certain
             Pretendent
             ,
             or
             Petitioner
             who
             had
             presented
             Xeures
             with
             a
             very
             handsom
             Mule
             ,
             and
             hee
             beeing
             asked
             by
             another
             Gentleman
             ,
             where
             hee
             had
             gotten
             that
             curious
             beast
             ,
             answered
             ,
             That
             hee
             knew
             not
             who
             had
             given
             it
             him
             ;
             beeing
             within
             hearing
             ,
             and
             very
             much
             aggrieved
             to
             see
             himself
             so
             soon
             forgotten
             ,
             and
             the
             business
             hee
             had
             communicated
             to
             Xeures
             so
             neglected
             ,
             give
             's
             forthwith
             order
             to
             have
             his
             Mule
             cried
             ,
             declaring
             all
             his
             marks
             ,
             and
             describing
             the
             furniture
             hee
             had
             bestowed
             on
             him
             ;
             which
             the
             same
             Gentleman
             hearing
             of
             ,
             went
             presently
             ,
             and
             told
             Xeures
             ,
             that
             according
             to
             the
             marks
             ,
             it
             must
             needs
             bee
             that
             this
             Mule
             had
             been
             stolen
             ;
             Thus
             the
             poor
             Petitioner
             recovered
             what
             hee
             had
             given
             him
             ,
             and
             lost
             not
             all
             ,
             as
             most
             men
             do
             in
             such
             occurrences
             :
             for
             there
             is
             no
             memorie
             so
             weak
             ,
             as
             that
             of
             a
             covetous
             man
             in
             Power
             ,
             who
             digest's
             gold
             with
             more
             facililitie
             ,
             then
             Estriches
             do
             Iron
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             ▪
             III.
             
          
           
             THere
             was
             no
             monie
             to
             bee
             got
             in
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             but
             pieces
             of
             nine
             Marauediz
             ,
             which
             is
             three
             half-pence
             English
             ,
             for
             all
             better
             coins
             Xeures
             had
             transported
             ▪
             What
             shall
             I
             saie
             ?
             Besides
             that
             which
             was
             ship't
             for
             Flanders
             from
             Barcelona
             ,
             beeing
             750
             Millions
             ;
             from
             the
             Groyne
             ,
             950
             Millions
             ;
             and
             from
             other
             parts
             ,
             800
             Millions
             ;
             so
             that
             it
             exceeded
             the
             number
             of
             twentie
             five
             hundred
             millions
             ;
             which
             was
             enough
             to
             make
             him
             equal
             to
             the
             most
             powerful
             and
             richest
             King.
             But
             consider
             in
             what
             condition
             did
             poor
             Castillia
             remain
             after
             such
             a
             dreining
             .
             Besides
             all
             this
             ,
             
             the
             Flemings
             held
             the
             ●paniards
             in
             so
             mean
             esteem
             ,
             that
             they
             insulted
             over
             them
             as
             if
             they
             had
             been
             their
             slaves
             ,
             or
             rather
             beasts
             ;
             they
             would
             break
             open
             their
             houses
             at
             their
             pleasures
             ,
             abuse
             their
             wives
             in
             their
             own
             presence
             ,
             carrie
             away
             their
             goods
             ,
             and
             no
             Justice
             to
             bee
             had
             against
             them
             .
             It
             hapned
             that
             a
             Castillian
             having
             killed
             a
             Fleming
             at
             Valladolid
             ,
             took
             Sanctuare
             in
             St
             
               Marie
               Magdalen's
            
             Church
             ;
             Som
             Flemings
             violently
             breaking
             in
             upon
             him
             ,
             and
             stabbing
             him
             in
             divers
             places
             ,
             there
             made
             him
             a
             sad
             sacrifice
             to
             their
             revengeful
             furie
             ;
             which
             don
             ,
             they
             went
             cleer
             away
             unchastiled
             ,
             unquestioned
             ;
             That
             which
             bred
             the
             People's
             greatest
             dislike
             of
             their
             King
             ,
             was
             ,
             that
             they
             could
             not
             bee
             admitted
             into
             his
             Presence
             ,
             treat
             with
             him
             ,
             nor
             ●o
             much
             as
             know
             him
             :
             For
             X●u●es
             would
             suffer
             no
             bodie
             to
             speak
             with
             him
             ;
             if
             at
             anie
             time
             hee
             did
             give
             audience
             ,
             Xeures
             would
             still
             bee
             at
             his
             elbow
             ,
             and
             in
             regard
             hee
             did
             not
             throughly
             understand
             the
             Spanish
             Tongue
             ,
             hee
             seemed
             as
             if
             hee
             had
             not
             been
             spoken
             to
             .
             This
             gave
             the
             rise
             of
             the
             People's
             general
             ill
             opinion
             of
             him
             :
             They
             presently
             spake
             him
             a
             man
             of
             a
             weak
             apprehension
             ,
             and
             of
             an
             ill
             disposition
             ,
             they
             call'd
             him
             Dutchman
             ,
             and
             an
             Enemie
             to
             Spaniards
             ;
             They
             said
             ,
             hee
             wanted
             Judgment
             as
             well
             as
             years
             ,
             neither
             was
             hee
             of
             a
             Talent
             fit
             to
             govern
             :
             by
             these
             prejudicial
             Censures
             of
             their
             Prince
             ,
             which
             were
             for
             som
             time
             generally
             noised
             abroad
             amongst
             the
             People
             ,
             likening
             him
             to
             his
             Mother
             :
             Som
             that
             never
             had
             seen
             him
             ,
             said
             ,
             It
             could
             not
             bee
             otherwise
             ;
             and
             that
             ,
             for
             that
             respect
             onely
             ,
             Xeures
             would
             suffer
             no
             bodie
             els
             to
             confer
             with
             him
             ,
             lest
             hee
             should
             too
             much
             discover
             his
             own
             imperfections
             .
             Others
             that
             had
             been
             admitted
             to
             speak
             with
             him
             ,
             much
             vindicated
             his
             honor
             in
             that
             particular
             ,
             protesting
             ,
             That
             they
             found
             him
             verie
             discreet
             ,
             and
             of
             no
             mean
             capacitie
             ;
             That
             hee
             was
             no
             way
             guiltie
             of
             those
             pretended
             weaknesses
             ,
             but
             his
             Favorites
             infinitely
             to
             bee
             condemn'd
             ;
             neither
             was
             it
             to
             bee
             wondered
             at
             ,
             if
             hee
             suffered
             himself
             to
             bee
             governed
             by
             them
             ,
             in
             regard
             hee
             was
             but
             a
             youth
             ,
             and
             unacquainted
             with
             the
             Customs
             of
             that
             Countrie
             ,
             and
             the
             dispositions
             of
             
             the
             People
             .
             Those
             that
             have
             near
             relations
             about
             the
             Persons
             of
             Kings
             ,
             ought
             to
             bee
             verie
             careful
             and
             circumspect
             ,
             how
             to
             avoid
             the
             occasions
             of
             Murmurings
             and
             Envie
             ,
             considering
             ,
             that
             Kings
             are
             like
             that
             Sun
             which
             diffuseth
             his
             light
             to
             all
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             IIII.
             
          
           
             THe
             whole
             Countrie
             of
             Castillia
             was
             imbrued
             with
             these
             factious
             discourses
             ,
             before
             they
             ever
             thought
             of
             the
             departure
             of
             their
             King
             and
             Emperor
             ,
             as
             will
             appear
             by
             the
             Letters
             ,
             which
             were
             interchangeably
             sent
             from
             Citie
             to
             Citie
             .
             But
             when
             they
             heard
             of
             his
             resolution
             to
             bee
             gon
             ,
             and
             that
             his
             calling
             of
             a
             Parlament
             would
             en●reas
             their
             Contributions
             and
             Taxes
             ,
             they
             out-stript
             the
             bounds
             of
             patience
             .
             The
             principal
             Causses
             of
             their
             Commotions
             were
             these
             three
             ensuing
             :
             First
             ,
             to
             see
             the
             King
             go
             out
             of
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             beeing
             alwaies
             accustomed
             to
             keep
             their
             Courts
             in
             Spain
             ;
             for
             when
             
               King
               Alonso
            
             the
             Wise
             deserted
             it
             ,
             out
             of
             an
             ambitious
             covetousness
             of
             possessing
             th'
             
               Imperial
               Scepter
            
             ,
             hee
             not
             onely
             lost
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             but
             was
             incumbred
             with
             insurrections
             ,
             not
             of
             the
             Common
             people
             ,
             but
             of
             Kings
             and
             Princes
             ,
             th●t
             levied
             arms
             against
             him
             .
             Their
             second
             grievance
             was
             ,
             To
             see
             all
             Offices
             ,
             and
             places
             of
             Honor
             ,
             Trust
             ,
             or
             Profit
             ,
             conferred
             upon
             strangers
             .
             The
             third
             was
             an
             universal
             crying
             out
             ,
             That
             the
             Treasure
             of
             Spain
             was
             all
             transported
             into
             foreign
             Nations
             .
             And
             wee
             may
             add
             for
             a
             fourth
             Reason
             ,
             That
             in
             that
             verie
             occurrence
             ,
             som
             evil
             Star
             dispersed
             the
             malignitie
             of
             it's
             influence
             over
             all
             
               Castillia
               ,
               Sardinia
               ,
               Sicilia
            
             and
             Austria
             ,
             which
             at
             one
             instant
             were
             all
             infected
             with
             the
             same
             poison
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             all
             conspired
             and
             agreed
             together
             .
             This
             they
             made
             the
             ground
             of
             their
             insurrections
             ;
             becaus
             their
             King
             left
             them
             to
             live
             in
             a
             strange
             Countrie
             ;
             becaus
             their
             wealth
             was
             exhausted
             ,
             and
             their
             Countrie
             impoverished
             ,
             to
             inrich
             foreigners
             ;
             and
             becaus
             the
             high
             Treasurer-ship
             was
             given
             to
             
             Xeures
             ,
             and
             the
             Arch-Bishoprick
             of
             Toledo
             to
             
               William
               de
               Croy
            
             ,
             his
             Nephew
             ,
             and
             all
             presentations
             to
             spiritual
             preferments
             ,
             and
             other
             Offices
             to
             strangers
             ;
             But
             that
             which
             they
             chiefly
             resented
             was
             the
             King's
             going
             to
             the
             Empire
             ,
             and
             had
             they
             really
             wished
             him
             ill
             in
             his
             own
             person
             ,
             they
             would
             not
             have
             been
             so
             sensible
             of
             his
             departure
             .
          
           
             I
             cannot
             let
             pass
             with
             silence
             the
             audacitie
             of
             a
             certain
             gentleman
             of
             those
             parts
             ,
             named
             ,
             The
             
               Martial
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             who
             refused
             to
             swear
             Alleageance
             to
             Charls
             ,
             as
             King
             ,
             alledging
             ,
             that
             in
             regard
             hee
             was
             not
             born
             in
             Spain
             ,
             nor
             descended
             from
             the
             blood
             of
             the
             
               Castillian
               Kings
            
             ,
             by
             the
             Father's
             side
             ,
             hee
             was
             not
             obliged
             to
             acknowledg
             him
             ,
             
             but
             ,
             like
             a
             true
             Castillian
             ,
             to
             keep
             strictly
             that
             Oath
             ,
             and
             Loialtie
             to
             his
             Countrie
             ,
             and
             the
             precedent
             Kings
             .
             Upon
             which
             words
             hee
             was
             apprehended
             ,
             his
             goods
             confiscate
             ,
             and
             his
             person
             committed
             close
             prisoner
             in
             the
             Castle
             of
             Atienza
             .
             The
             Emperor
             after
             this
             coming
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             sent
             for
             him
             ,
             and
             promised
             him
             ,
             that
             if
             hee
             would
             yet
             take
             the
             Oath
             ,
             hee
             should
             not
             onely
             bee
             enlarged
             ,
             but
             bee
             restored
             to
             the
             quiet
             possession
             of
             his
             whole
             estate
             ,
             as
             formerly
             ,
             which
             favor
             beeing
             refused
             ,
             hee
             was
             thence
             carried
             to
             the
             Castle
             of
             Simancas
             ,
             where
             hee
             ended
             his
             life
             through
             his
             own
             indiscreet
             obstinacie
             .
             Som
             men
             through
             a
             desperate
             fool-hardiness
             think
             it
             a
             piece
             of
             courage
             and
             gallantrie
             to
             precipitate
             themselvs
             into
             the
             most
             eminent
             dangers
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             V.
             
          
           
             THe
             Citie
             of
             Toledo
             (
             extremely
             discontented
             at
             these
             Passages
             ,
             especially
             ,
             at
             the
             Emperor's
             going
             away
             without
             beeing
             known
             or
             seen
             )
             wrote
             to
             the
             other
             Cities
             of
             Castillia
             this
             ensuing
             Letter
             .
          
           
             
               
               
                 A
                 Letter
                 from
                 Toledo
                 to
                 the
                 Cities
                 of
                 CASTILLIA
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Worshipful
                   ,
                   Noble
                   ,
                   and
                   most
                   Virtuous
                   Sirs
                   !
                
              
               
                 IN
                 regard
                 somtimes
                 wee
                 have
                 written
                 to
                 you
                 in
                 particular
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 wonder
                 why
                 wee
                 now
                 write
                 to
                 you
                 all
                 in
                 general
                 :
                 But
                 considering
                 the
                 imminent
                 necessitie
                 that
                 there
                 is
                 in
                 this
                 case
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 danger
                 that
                 may
                 ensue
                 by
                 deferring
                 anie
                 longer
                 ;
                 wee
                 shall
                 rather
                 bee
                 condemn'd
                 as
                 beeing
                 too
                 slack
                 for
                 not
                 doing
                 it
                 before
                 ,
                 then
                 thought
                 importunate
                 for
                 doing
                 it
                 now
                 .
                 You
                 know
                 ,
                 and
                 may
                 remember
                 ,
                 how
                 vehemently
                 
                   King
                   Charls
                
                 our
                 
                   Soeverign
                   Lord's
                
                 arrival
                 in
                 Spain
                 was
                 desired
                 of
                 all
                 ,
                 and
                 how
                 sudden
                 is
                 his
                 departure
                 from
                 us
                 ;
                 his
                 absence
                 now
                 is
                 no
                 less
                 torment
                 to
                 Us
                 ,
                 then
                 his
                 Presence
                 at
                 that
                 time
                 afforded
                 us
                 delight
                 and
                 comfort
                 ;
                 the
                 long
                 continuance
                 of
                 his
                 Roial
                 Person
                 in
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 of
                 Aragon
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 small
                 time
                 hee
                 hath
                 vouchsafed
                 to
                 reside
                 in
                 this
                 our
                 kingdom
                 of
                 Castillia
                 ,
                 hath
                 been
                 a
                 great
                 occasion
                 that
                 the
                 affairs
                 of
                 this
                 kingdom
                 are
                 yet
                 in
                 so
                 unsettled
                 a
                 condition
                 :
                 And
                 if
                 his
                 Majestie
                 doth
                 go
                 away
                 ,
                 as
                 hee
                 hath
                 determined
                 ,
                 the
                 longer
                 wee
                 delaie
                 ,
                 the
                 wors
                 our
                 case
                 will
                 bee
                 .
                 Therefore
                 (
                 Sirs
                 !
                 )
                 our
                 opinion
                 is
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 think
                 good
                 ,
                 since
                 the
                 damage
                 is
                 universal
                 ,
                 That
                 't
                 were
                 convenient
                 ,
                 that
                 wee
                 should
                 all
                 meet
                 and
                 consult
                 upon
                 a
                 remedie
                 ;
                 the
                 business
                 is
                 of
                 no
                 small
                 moment
                 ,
                 besides
                 ,
                 in
                 manie
                 other
                 particular
                 things
                 (
                 Sirs
                 !
                 )
                 wee
                 finde
                 an
                 extreme
                 necessitie
                 of
                 your
                 advise
                 ,
                 and
                 after
                 your
                 advise
                 wee
                 shall
                 have
                 as
                 much
                 need
                 of
                 your
                 favor
                 ,
                 and
                 helping
                 hands
                 .
                 Wee
                 finde
                 three
                 principal
                 things
                 that
                 require
                 our
                 convening
                 ,
                 that
                 wee
                 may
                 advise
                 upon
                 som
                 good
                 cours
                 for
                 the
                 expedition
                 of
                 them
                 ;
                 It
                 will
                 bee
                 needful
                 that
                 wee
                 dispatch
                 som
                 messengers
                 to
                 his
                 Majestie
                 ,
                 humbly
                 beseeching
                 him
                 ,
                 First
                 not
                 to
                 depart
                 Spain
                 ;
                 Secondly
                 ,
                 that
                 hee
                 would
                 by
                 no
                 means
                 permit
                 our
                 Treasure
                 to
                 bee
                 transported
                 hence
                 ;
                 Thirdly
                 ,
                 that
                 no
                 strangers
                 may
                 bear
                 office
                 in
                 this
                 kingdom
                 .
                 Sirs
                 ,
                 wee
                 beg
                 thus
                 much
                 favor
                 of
                 you
                 ,
                 that
                 having
                 read
                 our
                 Letter
                 ,
                 you
                 forthwith
                 send
                 us
                 your
                 answer
                 ;
                 for
                 it
                 is
                 necessarie
                 ,
                 that
                 those
                 who
                 are
                 to
                 carrie
                 our
                 Messages
                 should
                 go
                 together
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 their
                 Propositions
                 all
                 at
                 once
                 ;
                 for
                 our
                 demands
                 beeing
                 in
                 the
                 names
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 kingdom
                 ,
                 wee
                 
                 shall
                 obtain
                 a
                 more
                 significant
                 and
                 speedie
                 Answer
                 .
                 God
                 keep
                 his
                 Majestie
                 ,
                 and
                 preserv
                 his
                 Noble
                 Person
                 .
              
               
                 
                   From
                   Toledo
                   
                     this
                     7
                     
                       th
                       November
                    
                     ,
                     1519.
                     
                  
                
              
            
          
           
             The
             contents
             of
             this
             short
             Letter
             were
             much
             approved
             of
             by
             the
             Readers
             ;
             but
             in
             that
             Occurrence
             of
             time
             they
             were
             of
             dangerous
             consequence
             ,
             for
             the
             ill
             managing
             of
             the
             affairs
             of
             Castillia
             was
             generally
             much
             resented
             ,
             and
             this
             Letter
             bred
             no
             mean
             varietie
             of
             thoughts
             in
             the
             alreadie
             wounded
             hearts
             of
             the
             suffering
             People
             ;
             it
             did
             this
             mischief
             ,
             that
             all
             men
             suspecting
             wors
             evils
             ,
             unanimously
             said
             ,
             Since
             
               Toledo
               lift's
               up
               the
               hand
               ,
               som
               great
               disaster
               must
               befal
               this
               Kingdom
               .
            
             They
             all
             returned
             their
             answers
             ,
             although
             the
             Citie
             of
             Burgos
             disapproved
             their
             general
             meeting
             ;
             Granada
             answered
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             do
             better
             to
             exspect
             another
             opportunitie
             ,
             and
             carrie
             a
             more
             specious
             form
             .
             Salamanca
             and
             Murcia
             were
             not
             backwards
             in
             their
             promises
             and
             fair
             offers
             ,
             but
             they
             did
             not
             agree
             in
             that
             particular
             ,
             touching
             the
             general
             Assemblie
             ,
             yet
             all
             wrote
             that
             they
             would
             send
             their
             Burgesses
             ,
             as
             Agents
             ,
             who
             in
             the
             Parlament
             should
             bee
             conformable
             to
             the
             
               Toledians
               .
               Sevil
            
             answered
             neither
             yea
             ,
             nor
             no.
             These
             answers
             puff'd
             up
             the
             Spirits
             of
             the
             Toledians
             ,
             and
             
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
            
             (
             brother
             to
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Ribera
            
             ,
             who
             was
             chosen
             for
             Procurador
             ,
             
             that
             is
             ,
             Burgess
             and
             Commissioner
             )
             associating
             himself
             with
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             were
             the
             chief
             sticklers
             for
             that
             Caus
             ,
             and
             although
             the
             Emperor
             wrote
             to
             them
             ,
             no
             reason
             would
             satisfie
             ,
             but
             they
             answered
             ,
             that
             they
             understood
             in
             so
             doing
             ,
             to
             do
             him
             service
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             ▪
             VI.
             
          
           
             SOon
             after
             was
             publisht
             through
             the
             whole
             kingdom
             ,
             the
             Emperor's
             determination
             to
             go
             into
             Germanie
             ,
             to
             receiv
             
             the
             
               Imperial
               Crown
            
             ;
             Everie
             one
             lamented
             his
             departure
             ,
             out
             of
             a
             presaging
             fear
             ,
             that
             those
             so
             long
             contracted
             fogs
             of
             murmuring
             Discontent
             ,
             condensing
             more
             and
             more
             through
             the
             privation
             of
             his
             resplendent
             presence
             ,
             might
             at
             last
             break
             forth
             into
             som
             furious
             storm
             of
             intestine
             Commotions
             ,
             to
             the
             ruine
             of
             their
             whole
             Countrie
             ;
             Which
             Consideration
             meeting
             with
             the
             complaints
             ,
             and
             general
             grievances
             of
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             they
             began
             at
             length
             to
             mutter
             out
             their
             resentments
             in
             these
             following
             words
             .
             That
             the
             King
             shewed
             verie
             small
             affection
             to
             that
             Countrie
             ;
             and
             despising
             it
             as
             too
             mean
             for
             him
             ,
             would
             betake
             himself
             wholly
             to
             Germanie
             .
             That
             Xeures
             had
             robbed
             Spain
             of
             all
             her
             Treasure
             ;
             That
             the
             King
             beeing
             at
             Burgos
             (
             
               Capital
               Citie
               of
               Castillia
            
             )
             did
             not
             staie
             one
             week
             there
             .
             That
             Xeures
             would
             not
             have
             the
             Parlament
             to
             bee
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             although
             all
             the
             Grandees
             ,
             and
             divers
             others
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             had
             petitioned
             for
             it
             .
             That
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             had
             given
             the
             King
             som
             unbeseeming
             Language
             ,
             which
             hee
             thought
             good
             to
             put
             up
             ,
             becaus
             hee
             was
             not
             man
             enough
             to
             punish
             his
             temerarious
             audacitie
             .
             That
             Xeures
             had
             called
             a
             Parlament
             ,
             but
             for
             no
             other
             end
             ,
             then
             to
             charge
             the
             Kingdom
             with
             a
             new
             Cessment
             of
             four
             hundred
             thousand
             Duckets
             .
             From
             these
             and
             such
             other
             seeds
             of
             discontents
             sown
             amongst
             the
             Common
             People
             ,
             grew
             suddenly
             a
             multitude
             of
             turbulent
             Imaginations
             in
             their
             factious
             hearts
             ;
             and
             the
             seditious
             Clergie
             ,
             casting
             the
             oil
             of
             their
             ,
             pretended
             ,
             Religious
             Doctrine
             into
             the
             fire
             of
             the
             People's
             ill-grounded
             zeal
             ,
             made
             the
             flame
             blaze
             the
             higher
             ,
             pricking
             them
             daily
             forwards
             with
             their
             sacrilegious
             Exhortations
             in
             the
             Pulpits
             ,
             in
             these
             or
             like
             words
             ▪
             
               Why
               do
               you
               ,
               that
               are
               a
               Free
               born
               Nation
               ,
               suffer
               such
               exorbitancies
               ?
               Why
               do
               you
               suffer
               strangers
               to
               reap
               the
               fruits
               of
               your
               labors
               ,
               in
               your
               own
               Countrie
               ?
               You
               have
               not
               yet
               fully
               paid
               the
               Cessment
               ,
               that
               was
               granted
               to
               the
               King
               in
               the
               last
               Parlament
               ;
               and
               yet
               hee
               will
               impose
               more
               Taxes
               on
               you
               ,
               till
               hee
               hath
               swept
               this
               kingdom
               clean
               ,
               and
               quite
               beggar'd
               us
               ,
               to
               inrich
               his
               Germane
               Nation
               ;
               and
               there
               's
            
             Xeures
             ,
             
               who
               was
               but
               a
               private
               Gentleman
               in
               Flanders
               ,
               hath
               made
               himself
               one
               of
               the
               richest
               men
               in
               the
               world
               ,
               by
               the
               spoils
               of
               us
            
             Castillians
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             VII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Emperor
             beeing
             at
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             the
             People's
             mindes
             much
             distracted
             with
             these
             several
             grievances
             ,
             hee
             sent
             for
             the
             
               Corregidores
               ,
               Regidores
            
             ,
             and
             all
             other
             Publick
             Magistrates
             to
             his
             Palace
             .
             Upon
             their
             appearance
             hee
             told
             them
             that
             beeing
             then
             to
             go
             into
             Germanie
             ,
             to
             receiv
             the
             
               Imperial
               Crown
            
             ,
             hee
             was
             in
             great
             distress
             for
             want
             of
             monies
             to
             defraie
             his
             charges
             ,
             to
             which
             hee
             desired
             ,
             they
             would
             not
             onely
             give
             their
             consents
             ,
             but
             bee
             assistant
             in
             the
             raising
             of
             three
             hundred
             Millions
             of
             Marauediz
             ,
             which
             might
             bee
             easily
             don
             in
             Castillia
             ,
             by
             waie
             of
             Subsidie
             and
             Pole-monie
             ,
             everie
             Town
             paying
             according
             to
             their
             qualitie
             and
             Cessments
             ;
             Presuming
             ,
             that
             if
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             subscribed
             ,
             the
             other
             places
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             would
             not
             bee
             backwards
             to
             answer
             his
             exspectation
             ;
             And
             in
             case
             they
             did
             satisfie
             his
             desires
             therein
             ▪
             hee
             promised
             to
             grant
             them
             all
             the
             Favors
             their
             Burgesses
             or
             Commissioners
             should
             demand
             of
             him
             in
             Parlament
             .
             There
             was
             present
             at
             this
             Conference
             ,
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             Santjago
             ,
             the
             
               Bishop
               Mota
            
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Astorga
             ,
             and
             Xeures
             who
             was
             never
             from
             the
             Emperor's
             elbow
             .
             Those
             of
             Valladolid
             desired
             som
             time
             to
             give
             in
             their
             answer
             ,
             but
             (
             they
             said
             )
             They
             could
             see
             no
             possibilitie
             of
             effecting
             what
             the
             Emperor
             demanded
             of
             them
             .
             Thence
             began
             tumultuous
             meetings
             in
             the
             streets
             ,
             Conventicles
             ,
             and
             outragious
             murmurings
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             they
             were
             even
             readie
             to
             rise
             in
             arms
             against
             the
             Flemings
             .
             At
             last
             Valladolid
             returned
             the
             Emperor
             this
             answer
             ,
             That
             they
             humbly
             desired
             his
             Majestie
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             staie
             ,
             and
             make
             his
             residence
             in
             their
             Countrie
             ,
             and
             that
             upon
             those
             terms
             hee
             should
             not
             onely
             command
             the
             three
             hundred
             Millions
             hee
             desired
             ,
             but
             they
             would
             furnish
             him
             with
             much
             more
             ,
             and
             if
             need
             required
             ,
             they
             would
             not
             stick
             to
             part
             with
             their
             
             lands
             and
             goods
             ,
             but
             fell
             their
             Children
             also
             to
             do
             him
             service
             .
             But
             ,
             in
             their
             opinions
             ,
             that
             hee
             should
             go
             away
             and
             deprive
             the
             kingdom
             of
             his
             Roial
             Person
             ,
             besides
             ,
             that
             vast
             summe
             monie
             which
             hee
             desired
             to
             carrie
             into
             forreign
             Countries
             ,
             seemed
             verie
             unreasonable
             ,
             and
             they
             would
             sell
             nothing
             to
             further
             anie
             such
             designe
             ,
             neither
             did
             they
             believ
             that
             God
             required
             they
             should
             paie
             him
             anie
             such
             obedience
             .
             Upon
             this
             answer
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             there
             were
             several
             meetings
             and
             Consultations
             ,
             but
             they
             prevailed
             nothing
             .
             But
             the
             Emperor's
             Favorites
             ,
             (
             against
             whom
             Castillia
             was
             chiefly
             incensed
             )
             
               Viz.
               Xeures
               ,
               Don
               Garzia
               de
               Padilla
               ,
            
             and
             
               Mota
               ,
               Bishop
            
             of
             Badajos
             ,
             went
             again
             to
             the
             Magistrates
             ,
             desiring
             them
             that
             they
             would
             consider
             well
             upon
             his
             Majestie
             's
             demands
             ,
             since
             the
             performance
             thereof
             was
             so
             important
             to
             his
             present
             service
             ,
             and
             so
             easie
             for
             them
             to
             accomplish
             :
             that
             the
             necessitie
             of
             his
             going
             to
             receiv
             the
             
               Imperial
               Crown
            
             was
             extremely
             urgent
             ,
             and
             redounded
             not
             a
             little
             to
             the
             reputation
             and
             honor
             of
             that
             Kingdom
             .
             That
             they
             should
             look
             upon
             what
             Castillia
             had
             furnished
             to
             
               King
               Alonso
            
             the
             Wise
             ,
             when
             hee
             went
             into
             Germanie
             upon
             a
             pretended
             claim
             of
             the
             Empire
             ,
             and
             how
             much
             more
             reason
             they
             had
             to
             do
             the
             like
             now
             ,
             (
             which
             they
             might
             well
             do
             ,
             the
             Kingdom
             beeing
             in
             a
             far
             better
             condition
             .
             )
             That
             the
             King
             undertook
             not
             that
             voiage
             ,
             as
             
               Don
               Alonso
            
             did
             ,
             upon
             a
             doubtful
             matter
             ,
             his
             business
             was
             already
             most
             certainly
             concluded
             and
             agreed
             upon
             .
             This
             was
             closely
             followed
             ,
             for
             during
             the
             three
             daies
             time
             which
             the
             Emperor
             staied
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             The
             
               Gentrie
               ,
               Magistrates
               ,
               and
               Burgesses
            
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             with
             
               Bishop
               Mota
            
             (
             whom
             the
             Emperor
             had
             sent
             ,
             to
             entreat
             them
             to
             condescend
             to
             his
             desires
             )
             did
             nothing
             els
             all
             daie
             and
             night
             ,
             but
             go
             from
             the
             Court
             to
             the
             Town-hous
             ,
             and
             back
             again
             ;
             the
             Bishop
             of
             
               Osma
               ,
               Don
               Alonso
               Enriques
            
             and
             som
             of
             the
             Magistrates
             were
             of
             opinion
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             do
             well
             to
             satisfie
             his
             Majestie
             's
             desires
             .
             Others
             stood
             strongly
             to
             the
             contrarie
             ,
             and
             turned
             their
             Opponents
             out
             from
             their
             consultation
             ,
             with
             manie
             reviling
             words
             ,
             calling
             them
             disloial
             ,
             disobedient
             ,
             and
             other
             injurious
             
             names
             :
             this
             beeing
             known
             amongst
             the
             Common
             People
             ,
             inflamed
             amain
             their
             furie
             ;
             
             Their
             boundless
             Rage
             suddenly
             broke
             into
             an
             Ocean
             of
             inconsiderate
             and
             bitter
             expressions
             .
             The
             third
             daie
             that
             his
             Majestie
             was
             there
             ,
             It
             beeing
             divulged
             to
             and
             fro
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             that
             the
             Magistrates
             had
             consented
             to
             and
             subscribed
             the
             Emperor's
             demands
             ,
             The
             People
             cried
             out
             ,
             
               That
               ought
               not
               to
               bee
               suffred
               .
            
             The
             Emperor
             beeing
             informed
             of
             all
             these
             passages
             ,
             was
             very
             much
             perplext
             ,
             and
             gave
             order
             presently
             to
             prepare
             for
             his
             departure
             .
             It
             is
             r●ported
             that
             hee
             said
             ,
             hee
             desired
             no
             more
             then
             that
             consentment
             ,
             and
             those
             subscriptions
             which
             som
             of
             the
             Magistrates
             had
             given
             in
             ,
             As
             for
             the
             rest
             ,
             who
             had
             refused
             ,
             hee
             should
             take
             his
             time
             to
             bee
             even
             with
             them
             .
             So
             hee
             departed
             upon
             a
             sudden
             ,
             though
             the
             Towns-men
             thought
             hee
             would
             not
             have
             gon
             ,
             in
             regard
             Valladolid
             and
             divers
             other
             Cities
             of
             Castillia
             ,
             had
             sent
             to
             beseech
             him
             with
             much
             humilitie
             and
             earnestness
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             forbear
             a
             while
             ,
             and
             not
             leav
             them
             so
             soon
             ,
             fearing
             the
             disasters
             which
             afterwards
             befel
             them
             .
             The
             Emperor
             gave
             them
             a
             gracious
             answer
             ,
             thanking
             them
             for
             their
             good
             wishes
             ,
             but
             (
             hee
             said
             )
             it
             was
             expedient
             for
             him
             to
             depart
             without
             anie
             further
             delaie
             ,
             for
             the
             good
             and
             advancement
             of
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             hee
             promissed
             them
             ,
             that
             assoon
             as
             hee
             had
             received
             the
             
               Imperial
               Crown
            
             ,
             hee
             would
             com
             back
             again
             ,
             at
             the
             farthest
             within
             three
             years
             .
             This
             did
             not
             satisfie
             the
             Gentrie
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             nor
             the
             Cities
             ,
             nor
             the
             Commons
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             who
             grew
             excessively
             out
             of
             Temper
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             VIII
             .
          
           
             BEfore
             wee
             pass
             anie
             farther
             ,
             it
             will
             not
             bee
             improper
             to
             set
             down
             what
             was
             don
             at
             Toledo
             in
             this
             Interim
             .
             Wee
             have
             seen
             the
             Letter
             which
             they
             wrote
             the
             last
             year
             1519
             ,
             to
             the
             other
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             They
             wrote
             another
             to
             
             Valladolid
             ,
             bearing
             date
             the
             8th
             of
             June
             of
             this
             year
             1520.
             declaring
             (
             to
             the
             same
             effect
             as
             in
             the
             former
             )
             the
             great
             necessitie
             ,
             into
             which
             the
             absence
             of
             their
             King
             would
             plunge
             the
             Countrie
             ,
             and
             the
             great
             inconveniences
             that
             were
             likely
             to
             proceed
             from
             that
             occasion
             .
             That
             it
             was
             expedient
             ,
             that
             all
             the
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             should
             make
             an
             Assemblie
             ,
             and
             consult
             what
             were
             best
             to
             bee
             don
             in
             a
             case
             of
             such
             high
             consequence
             ;
             
             That
             they
             would
             consider
             of
             the
             manner
             and
             place
             of
             meeting
             ;
             That
             they
             would
             conform
             themselvs
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             that
             Valladolid
             should
             communicate
             the
             matter
             to
             the
             bordering
             Towns
             and
             Cities
             .
             That
             Toledo
             would
             presently
             put
             it
             in
             execution
             ,
             for
             they
             were
             and
             ever
             would
             bee
             at
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ,
             for
             the
             good
             of
             the
             kingdoms
             and
             their
             Republicks
             .
             The
             fifteenth
             of
             June
             ,
             Valladolid
             returned
             this
             answer
             ,
             That
             they
             would
             very
             willingly
             condescend
             to
             such
             an
             Assemblie
             ,
             if
             they
             thought
             they
             might
             justly
             and
             lawfully
             do
             it
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             remained
             well
             assured
             of
             the
             zeal
             and
             good
             affection
             which
             Toledo
             expressed
             to
             the
             King's
             service
             ,
             
             and
             the
             publick
             good
             ;
             But
             such
             kinde
             of
             meetings
             (
             they
             alleged
             )
             were
             prohibited
             by
             the
             Laws
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             without
             his
             Majestie
             's
             permission
             ,
             and
             admit
             they
             were
             not
             forbidden
             ,
             at
             that
             time
             however
             they
             were
             unlawful
             in
             regard
             his
             Majestie
             was
             absent
             ,
             and
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             scandal
             which
             might
             arise
             from
             thence
             ,
             especially
             there
             beeing
             a
             Governor
             for
             his
             Majestie
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             a
             Person
             of
             such
             note
             and
             value
             ,
             besides
             the
             Lord
             President
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             with
             whom
             they
             and
             the
             other
             Cities
             of
             the
             kingdom
             might
             communicate
             their
             necessities
             and
             grievances
             .
             And
             Valladolid
             conclude's
             thus
             :
             So
             Wee
             beseech
             your
             Worships
             that
             you
             would
             pleas
             to
             let
             these
             Assemblies
             ceas
             ,
             becaus
             out
             of
             the
             desire
             wee
             have
             to
             do
             you
             service
             ,
             It
             would
             griev
             us
             very
             much
             ,
             that
             that
             Citie
             should
             give
             anie
             occasion
             of
             scandal
             .
             Becaus
             all
             that
             should
             proceed
             from
             thence
             ,
             would
             bee
             imputed
             and
             laid
             to
             the
             charge
             of
             those
             ,
             that
             were
             assistant
             at
             anie
             such
             Iunta
             .
             And
             if
             you
             think
             that
             there
             is
             anie
             necessitie
             to
             provide
             for
             ,
             or
             
             that
             you
             desire
             to
             remedie
             anie
             thing
             touching
             this
             Kingdom
             or
             that
             Citie
             ,
             send
             your
             messengers
             or
             Commissioners
             to
             the
             Governor
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             and
             wee
             will
             procure
             them
             a
             free
             arrival
             hither
             ,
             protect
             them
             while
             they
             staie
             here
             ,
             and
             obtein
             them
             a
             safe
             conduct
             back
             again
             ,
             to
             which
             wee
             doubt
             not
             but
             the
             Governor
             will
             easily
             condescend
             ,
             and
             wee
             will
             also
             join
             with
             them
             in
             all
             that
             is
             just
             and
             lawful
             .
             And
             becaus
             wee
             believ
             ,
             according
             to
             your
             great
             Prudence
             and
             Virtue
             ,
             you
             will
             receiv
             our
             Intention
             with
             the
             same
             zeal
             and
             affection
             ,
             as
             wee
             declare
             it
             ,
             wee
             enlarge
             our
             selvs
             no
             further
             in
             this
             particular
             .
             So
             God
             keep
             you
             ,
             &c.
             
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             IX
             .
          
           
             THese
             private
             Treaties
             increased
             daily
             the
             publick
             resentments
             ,
             and
             the
             more
             in
             respect
             of
             the
             King's
             demands
             ,
             and
             his
             so
             unexspected
             determination
             to
             leav
             that
             Countrie
             .
             The
             principal
             of
             those
             that
             declared
             themselvs
             in
             Toledo
             ,
             with
             demonstrations
             of
             the
             greatest
             zeal
             to
             the
             Common
             good
             ,
             
             were
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
               ,
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
               de
               la
               Vega
               ,
            
             Son
             to
             
               Don
               Garzilasso
               de
               la
               Vega
            
             Chancellor
             of
             the
             Order
             in
             the
             kingdom
             of
             Leon
             ,
             and
             
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
            
             ,
             all
             gentlemen
             of
             noble
             extraction
             ,
             and
             allied
             to
             the
             chief
             Nobles
             of
             Spain
             .
             These
             gentlemen
             who
             were
             chief
             Commissioners
             in
             the
             Iuntas
             and
             Assemblies
             ,
             which
             were
             held
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             exclaim●d
             exceedingly
             against
             the
             ill
             government
             ,
             That
             the
             King
             was
             carried
             away
             by
             strangers
             ,
             not
             considering
             the
             miserable
             condition
             in
             which
             hee
             left
             that
             Kingdom
             ;
             then
             they
             repeated
             all
             the
             Contents
             of
             the
             Letters
             ,
             which
             Toledo
             had
             sent
             to
             th'
             other
             Cities
             ,
             adding
             divers
             other
             things
             that
             had
             been
             produced
             upon
             new
             occasions
             ,
             which
             they
             amplified
             and
             aggravated
             ,
             with
             more
             bitterness
             then
             need
             required
             :
             And
             ,
             That
             Toledo
             ,
             which
             for
             her
             greatness
             ,
             had
             been
             the
             Metropolitan
             Citie
             of
             Spain
             in
             time
             of
             the
             Goths
             ,
             was
             more
             then
             ordinarily
             obliged
             to
             seek
             out
             a
             remedie
             ,
             and
             set
             a
             Period
             to
             so
             great
             evils
             .
             They
             urged
             moreover
             that
             it
             was
             most
             expedidient
             ,
             
             that
             forthwith
             Letters
             should
             bee
             dispatched
             to
             all
             the
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             (
             that
             had
             Vote
             in
             Parlament
             )
             to
             incite
             them
             to
             assemble
             in
             som
             place
             convenient
             for
             their
             treating
             upon
             the
             forementioned
             remedies
             .
             That
             there
             should
             immediately
             bee
             sent
             a
             Petition
             to
             the
             King
             ;
             beseeching
             him
             not
             to
             depart
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             but
             that
             hee
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             give
             som
             Order
             for
             the
             remedying
             ,
             and
             better
             managing
             of
             Affairs
             .
             That
             ,
             in
             case
             his
             Majestie
             would
             not
             ,
             the
             Kingdom
             intended
             to
             indeavor
             it
             ,
             and
             would
             more
             narrowly
             see
             into
             that
             which
             concerned
             the
             Common
             good
             .
             These
             and
             divers
             such
             like
             things
             were
             that
             daie
             there
             propounded
             .
             And
             in
             ●egard
             they
             carried
             a
             specious
             apparence
             of
             the
             Publick
             Good
             ,
             which
             was
             so
             generally
             desired
             ,
             throughout
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             the
             Major
             part
             of
             the
             Assemblie
             was
             of
             opinion
             ,
             That
             it
             was
             most
             fi●ting
             and
             convenient
             so
             to
             do
             .
             But
             som
             dissented
             (
             though
             they
             were
             the
             fewer
             in
             number
             )
             fearing
             that
             if
             the
             affairs
             were
             carried
             on
             in
             that
             manner
             (
             although
             under
             colour
             of
             the
             Common
             good
             )
             they
             would
             produce
             very
             sad
             consequents
             ,
             neither
             were
             they
             satisfied
             of
             the
             lawfulness
             of
             the
             Citie
             's
             assembling
             such
             Iunta's
             ,
             without
             the
             King's
             licence
             and
             autoritie
             
               Antonio
               Alvares
               de
               Toledo
            
             ,
             an
             ancient
             gentleman
             of
             that
             Citie
             ,
             Lord
             of
             Cedillo
             ,
             and
             som
             others
             ,
             which
             leaned
             to
             his
             faction
             ,
             were
             of
             this
             opininion
             ,
             either
             out
             of
             desire
             to
             do
             the
             King
             service
             ,
             or
             becaus
             they
             could
             not
             agree
             with
             the
             rest
             ,
             (
             for
             such
             kinde
             of
             sidings
             have
             produced
             a
             world
             of
             mischief
             in
             all
             places
             )
             or
             that
             like
             prudent
             men
             and
             free
             from
             passion
             ,
             they
             fore-saw
             with
             clearer
             eies
             ,
             the
             danger
             that
             would
             ensue
             th'assembling
             of
             the
             Cities
             without
             the
             King's
             Autoritie
             ;
             They
             gave
             their
             Votes
             against
             writing
             to
             the
             Cities
             ,
             declared
             against
             all
             publick
             ,
             or
             particular
             meetings
             in
             that
             kinde
             ,
             and
             said
             openly
             ,
             that
             in
             case
             there
             were
             a
             necessitie
             of
             rectifying
             anie
             thing
             ,
             they
             should
             in
             an
             honest
             and
             humble
             manner
             petition
             the
             Emperor
             to
             take
             it
             into
             his
             consideration
             .
             Whereto
             those
             of
             the
             contrarie
             Judgment
             made
             several
             replies
             .
             After
             long
             debate
             and
             contention
             about
             this
             matter
             ,
             at
             last
             those
             few
             ,
             which
             were
             of
             
             the
             most
             safe
             and
             wholesom
             opinion
             ,
             
             protested
             and
             required
             according
             to
             that
             which
             they
             had
             voted
             ,
             that
             the
             Corregidor
             and
             Citie
             would
             take
             an
             especial
             care
             what
             they
             did
             ,
             
             as
             for
             their
             parts
             they
             absolutely
             disapproved
             of
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             and
             the
             other
             Gentlemen's
             Propositions
             .
             The
             Governor
             
               Don
               Lewis
               Porto
               Carrero
               ,
               Earl
            
             of
             Palma
             ,
             beeing
             present
             adhered
             to
             this
             Opinion
             ,
             but
             was
             backwards
             in
             expressing
             himself
             ,
             in
             regard
             h●e
             had
             married
             the
             sister
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             ,
             who
             was
             of
             the
             contrarie
             Partie
             :
             neither
             did
             hee
             answer
             one
             syllable
             to
             the
             other
             's
             Protest
             or
             Requests
             .
             Yet
             the
             business
             was
             so
             imbroiled
             ,
             that
             no
             resolution
             could
             bee
             given
             that
             daie
             .
             This
             difference
             and
             contention
             amongst
             the
             chief
             men
             of
             the
             Citie
             beeing
             noised
             abroad
             ,
             the
             people
             began
             to
             mutinie
             ,
             and
             divide
             themselvs
             into
             Parties
             and
             Factions
             .
             
             But
             the
             Major
             part
             inclined
             to
             the
             worst
             Opinion
             ,
             beeing
             allured
             and
             drawn
             on
             with
             the
             fair
             pretence
             of
             the
             
               Comm●n
               good
            
             :
             Those
             few
             ,
             who
             prudently
             perceived
             the
             contrarie
             ,
             gave
             the
             Emperor
             forthwith
             notice
             of
             all
             these
             passages
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             
               Antonio
               Alvarez
               de
               Toledo
            
             in
             particular
             ,
             who
             had
             great
             intimacie
             with
             the
             Bishop
             of
             
               Palencia
               Mota
            
             .
             This
             Advice
             came
             to
             the
             Emperor's
             hands
             ,
             just
             upon
             his
             departure
             from
             Aragon
             to
             Valladolid
             .
             But
             soon
             after
             at
             another
             meeting
             in
             Toledo
             ,
             the
             Major
             part
             voted
             that
             they
             should
             write
             to
             the
             other
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             as
             formerly
             had
             been
             propounded
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             should
             send
             to
             the
             Emperor
             two
             Regidores
             ,
             
             and
             two
             Iurados
             ,
             or
             Iurates
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             humbly
             to
             demand
             of
             him
             as
             shall
             bee
             set
             down
             hereafter
             .
             Yet
             they
             were
             contradicted
             ,
             and
             the
             contrarie
             required
             by
             the
             same
             men
             that
             had
             opposed
             them
             before
             ,
             but
             to
             no
             purpose
             .
             Whereupon
             the
             dispute
             grew
             so
             hot
             amongst
             them
             ,
             That
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             who
             stood
             for
             the
             Commons
             ,
             and
             
               Antonio
               Alvarez
               de
               Toledo
            
             ,
             who
             opposed
             and
             condemned
             his
             opinion
             as
             wicked
             and
             dangerous
             ,
             drew
             their
             daggers
             at
             each
             other
             in
             the
             
               Assemblie
               .
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
               de
               la
               Vega
               ,
               Don
               Alonso
               Suares
               ,
            
             and
             two
             Iurates
             were
             appointed
             to
             go
             from
             the
             Citie
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             who
             having
             
             put
             themselvs
             in
             equipage
             forthwith
             departed
             .
             Letters
             were
             presently
             dispatcht
             and
             sent
             to
             the
             other
             Cities
             ,
             although
             the
             same
             distemper
             and
             factions
             were
             already
             brewing
             in
             divers
             of
             them
             before
             they
             were
             delivered
             .
             
             At
             that
             same
             time
             was
             brought
             to
             Toledo
             from
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             a
             Summons
             to
             assist
             in
             the
             Parlament
             ,
             which
             hee
             had
             call'd
             in
             Galicia
             .
             And
             according
             to
             the
             custom
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             (
             which
             is
             for
             the
             Regidores
             and
             Iurates
             ,
             that
             are
             present
             ,
             to
             draw
             lots
             ,
             and
             one
             of
             each
             to
             go
             (
             upon
             whomsoëver
             the
             lot
             fall's
             )
             It
             was
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Silva's
            
             chance
             (
             who
             afterwards
             was
             Marquess
             of
             Monte-Mayor
             )
             to
             go
             as
             Regidor
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             and
             
               Alonso
               de
               Aguirre
            
             ,
             as
             Iurate
             .
             To
             whom
             (
             becaus
             they
             held
             the
             opinion
             of
             the
             contrarie
             Partie
             )
             The
             Citie
             would
             not
             give
             a
             full
             and
             general
             Power
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Emperor's
             Commands
             ,
             but
             an
             especial
             and
             limited
             one
             ,
             to
             see
             and
             hear
             what
             the
             Emperor
             desired
             ,
             and
             with
             an
             injunction
             to
             give
             them
             advice
             thereof
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             that
             from
             time
             to
             time
             the
             Citie
             might
             order
             them
             what
             to
             do
             ,
             and
             that
             in
             no
             case
             they
             should
             grant
             anie
             Subsidies
             ,
             or
             anie
             thing
             els
             .
             Which
             Power
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Silva
            
             would
             not
             accept
             ,
             nor
             go
             to
             the
             Parlament
             upon
             those
             tearms
             ,
             exspecting
             they
             should
             give
             him
             the
             full
             and
             usual
             Power
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Emperor
             should
             send
             his
             Command
             to
             that
             effect
             .
             There
             was
             such
             trouble
             and
             opposition
             in
             this
             business
             ,
             that
             hee
             could
             never
             obtain
             that
             Power
             ,
             neither
             did
             they
             go
             to
             the
             Parlament
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             X.
             
          
           
             THe
             Emperor
             returned
             an
             answer
             to
             
               Antonio
               Alvarez
               de
               Toledo
            
             ,
             and
             the
             others
             ,
             who
             had
             given
             him
             notice
             of
             the
             several
             Passages
             ,
             thanking
             them
             for
             their
             fidelitie
             ,
             and
             acknowledging
             the
             good
             service
             they
             had
             don
             him
             therein
             ,
             charging
             them
             moreover
             to
             persevere
             ,
             but
             with
             rhe
             greatest
             wariness
             and
             discretion
             that
             might
             bee
             .
             To
             the
             
               Corregidor
               
               Don
               Lewis
               de
               Palma
            
             hee
             wrote
             likewise
             ,
             reprehending
             him
             of
             his
             lukewarmeness
             and
             small
             resolution
             ,
             and
             gave
             him
             order
             what
             to
             do
             thenceforwards
             :
             but
             hee
             did
             not
             punctually
             obeie
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Orders
             ,
             nor
             observ
             the
             manner
             which
             was
             most
             convenient
             ,
             for
             hee
             was
             a
             man
             of
             too
             milde
             a
             disposition
             ,
             which
             suit
             's
             very
             ill
             with
             those
             who
             are
             to
             govern
             ,
             especially
             in
             cases
             of
             that
             nature
             .
             Whereupon
             som
             few
             daies
             after
             hee
             gave
             up
             his
             Command
             ,
             and
             the
             Emperor
             sent
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Cordova
            
             the
             (
             Earl
             of
             Cabra's
             brother
             )
             to
             take
             his
             place
             ,
             but
             hee
             came
             too
             late
             to
             applie
             anie
             remedie
             to
             those
             disorders
             .
             Thus
             the
             affairs
             of
             Toledo
             wax't
             wors
             and
             wors
             ,
             and
             the
             audaciousness
             of
             the
             People
             was
             grown
             to
             such
             a
             height
             ,
             that
             they
             made
             new
             Assemblies
             everie
             daie
             in
             favor
             of
             that
             ,
             which
             they
             called
             Communaltie
             ,
             by
             consent
             and
             order
             of
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             
             and
             
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
            
             ,
             who
             were
             the
             chief
             Incendiaries
             and
             favorers
             of
             these
             disturbances
             .
             Toledo
             excepting
             against
             the
             fore-mentioned
             Commissioners
             ,
             agreed
             to
             constitute
             others
             with
             an
             especial
             power
             to
             present
             certain
             articles
             to
             the
             Emperor
             (
             which
             they
             had
             by
             waie
             of
             Instruction
             from
             the
             Citie
             )
             touching
             the
             general
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Suares
            
             were
             appointed
             to
             go
             as
             Regidores
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             
               Michael
               de
               Hita
            
             and
             
               Alonso
               Ortiz
            
             ,
             as
             Iurates
             .
             The
             Contents
             of
             their
             Commission
             were
             these
             .
             That
             they
             should
             beseech
             the
             Emperor
             not
             to
             depart
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             representing
             unto
             him
             the
             Inconveniences
             ,
             which
             might
             arise
             by
             his
             absence
             ,
             in
             regard
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Castillia
             could
             not
             live
             without
             their
             King
             ,
             beeing
             not
             accustomed
             to
             bee
             under
             anie
             particular
             man's
             Government
             .
             That
             hee
             should
             not
             give
             anie
             Office
             or
             Charge
             in
             that
             Kingdom
             to
             anie
             stranger
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             should
             take
             those
             away
             again
             which
             hee
             had
             so
             bestowed
             .
             That
             hee
             should
             not
             take
             anie
             monie
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             for
             anie
             person
             in
             the
             World
             ,
             becaus
             they
             had
             already
             contributed
             so
             much
             ,
             that
             the
             Kingdom
             was
             reduced
             to
             great
             povertie
             .
             That
             in
             the
             Parlament
             ,
             which
             hee
             had
             now
             assembled
             ,
             hee
             should
             not
             demand
             anie
             Subsidies
             ,
             especially
             ,
             
             if
             hee
             continued
             in
             the
             resolution
             of
             departing
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             That
             the
             Parlament
             should
             bee
             adjourned
             ,
             and
             held
             in
             Castillia
             and
             not
             at
             Santjago
             ,
             nor
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Galicia
             .
             That
             the
             Offices
             and
             Governments
             should
             not
             bee
             vendible
             .
             That
             som
             good
             order
             should
             bee
             taken
             in
             the
             Inquisition
             ,
             which
             might
             tend
             to
             the
             service
             and
             glorie
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             that
             no
             bodie
             should
             bee
             molested
             .
             That
             the
             grievances
             and
             wrongs
             of
             private
             Persons
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             should
             bee
             righted
             and
             repaired
             .
             These
             were
             the
             principal
             heads
             of
             the
             demands
             ,
             Toledo
             then
             sent
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             but
             the
             Commotions
             increasing
             gave
             them
             the
             boldness
             to
             add
             new
             matter
             to
             their
             Petition
             ,
             as
             you
             shall
             see
             hereafter
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XI
             .
          
           
             I
             Have
             declared
             already
             the
             combustions
             that
             were
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             the
             Emperor's
             determination
             to
             depart
             thence
             ,
             purposing
             to
             take
             his
             waie
             by
             Tordesillas
             to
             visit
             the
             Queen
             ,
             his
             mother
             .
             Which
             beeing
             known
             ,
             and
             noised
             through
             the
             Citie
             (
             moreover
             that
             hee
             would
             carrie
             his
             mother
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             with
             him
             )
             the
             Citizens
             ,
             and
             Common
             People
             were
             so
             much
             troubled
             at
             it
             ,
             that
             they
             vented
             divers
             as
             bitter
             exclamations
             as
             a
             furious
             passion
             could
             dictate
             to
             their
             disturbed
             mindes
             .
             But
             the
             chief
             
               Burgesses
               ,
               Deputies
            
             and
             other
             Officers
             met
             in
             Consultation
             at
             the
             Monasterie
             of
             St
             Paul
             ,
             to
             take
             order
             for
             investing
             their
             Commissioners
             with
             a
             general
             Power
             ,
             to
             grant
             what
             the
             Emperor
             should
             demand
             in
             Parlament
             ,
             to
             petition
             his
             Majestie●om
             ●om
             things
             in
             their
             favor
             ,
             and
             to
             kiss
             his
             hand
             before
             his
             departure
             .
             While
             they
             were
             thus
             assembled
             on
             Mondaie
             morning
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             with
             his
             Companions
             ,
             arriveing
             the
             same
             daie
             at
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             beeing
             alighted
             went
             to
             visit
             them
             .
             But
             
               Alonso
               Ortiz
            
             ,
             his
             fellow
             Commissioner
             (
             who
             resided
             in
             Court
             )
             said
             ,
             in
             regard
             the
             Emperor
             was
             gon
             to
             Church
             to
             praie
             for
             his
             good
             journie
             to
             
             Tordesillas
             ,
             that
             hee
             thought
             it
             convenient
             for
             them
             to
             go
             first
             to
             the
             Palace
             ,
             for
             perchance
             his
             Majestie
             beeing
             informed
             of
             their
             arrival
             ,
             would
             vouchsafe
             to
             staie
             a
             little
             ,
             and
             give
             them
             Audience
             .
             In
             this
             interim
             som
             Inhabitants
             of
             Valladolid
             beeing
             told
             of
             the
             Toledo-Commissioner's
             coming
             ,
             went
             to
             salute
             them
             ,
             desiring
             that
             they
             would
             indevor
             to
             procure
             som
             Remedie
             against
             those
             miseries
             and
             grievances
             under
             which
             the
             Kingdom
             then
             so
             much
             groaned
             .
             Hereupon
             ,
             it
             was
             agreed
             amongst
             them
             that
             the
             Towns-men
             should
             presently
             put
             themselvs
             in
             a
             readiness
             ,
             to
             oppose
             and
             hinder
             the
             Emperor
             from
             going
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             or
             depart
             that
             Citie
             (
             in
             which
             attempt
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             offered
             to
             venture
             his
             fortune
             with
             them
             ,
             if
             they
             would
             stand
             to
             him
             ,
             )
             and
             that
             they
             should
             seiz
             upon
             Xeures
             ,
             and
             som
             Flemings
             of
             the
             chief
             of
             his
             
               Majestie
               's
               Council
            
             ,
             and
             Bed-chamber
             ,
             binding
             first
             those
             Towns-men
             with
             a
             solemn
             oath
             ,
             not
             to
             desert
             him
             in
             that
             enterprize
             .
             Beeing
             pricked
             with
             this
             over-dilligent
             itch
             of
             putting
             in
             execution
             the
             orders
             and
             Commands
             which
             their
             Citie
             had
             imposed
             upon
             them
             ,
             before
             they
             went
             to
             kiss
             the
             Emperor's
             hands
             (
             which
             had
             been
             the
             right
             waie
             )
             beeing
             accompanied
             with
             a
             gang
             of
             
               Common
               People
            
             ,
             and
             som
             Deputies
             of
             the
             Wards
             (
             who
             by
             this
             time
             were
             come
             in
             to
             them
             )
             they
             went
             directly
             to
             the
             Monasterie
             of
             St
             Paul
             to
             salute
             ,
             and
             communicate
             their
             design
             with
             the
             chief
             of
             the
             Citie
             there
             assembled
             ;
             To
             whom
             they
             made
             a
             speech
             ,
             signifying
             the
             Causses
             of
             their
             comming
             ,
             and
             what
             they
             intended
             to
             desire
             of
             his
             Majestie
             in
             behalf
             of
             their
             Citie
             ,
             justifying
             their
             demands
             ,
             and
             coloring
             them
             with
             the
             most
             specious
             pretences
             that
             could
             bee
             :
             And
             indeed
             ,
             (
             as
             at
             first
             their
             meaning
             was
             )
             their
             affection
             and
             zeal
             to
             their
             Prince
             were
             such
             ,
             that
             their
             thoughts
             (
             I
             believ
             )
             differed
             nothing
             from
             their
             expressions
             ,
             until
             things
             were
             brought
             unto
             such
             a
             pass
             ,
             that
             there
             was
             no
             hopes
             of
             remedie
             ,
             and
             that
             those
             that
             had
             the
             power
             ,
             or
             the
             wisdom
             ,
             made
             a
             breach
             through
             their
             miseries
             ;
             as
             did
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             and
             divers
             other
             gentlemen
             .
             And
             at
             the
             last
             they
             desired
             ,
             that
             (
             as
             they
             had
             written
             ,
             and
             offered
             
             to
             the
             Citie
             of
             Toledo
             )
             they
             would
             send
             their
             Commissioners
             with
             them
             ,
             to
             make
             a
             Joint-demand
             of
             the
             same
             things
             ,
             which
             Salamanca
             and
             other
             Cities
             desired
             :
             
             for
             a
             Petition
             beeing
             countenanced
             by
             so
             manie
             Cities
             ,
             would
             bee
             much
             more
             available
             .
             Their
             speech
             beeing
             thus
             ended
             ,
             by
             the
             general
             consent
             of
             the
             Assemblie
             ,
             
               Don
               Hernando
               Enriquez
            
             (
             brother
             to
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             )
             returned
             them
             this
             answer
             ;
             That
             as
             yet
             they
             were
             not
             fully
             determined
             what
             to
             do
             ,
             and
             for
             that
             caus
             they
             were
             there
             assembled
             ,
             That
             they
             would
             resolv
             upon
             that
             ,
             which
             should
             tend
             most
             to
             the
             King's
             service
             ,
             and
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ;
             That
             they
             might
             do
             what
             they
             saw
             good
             .
             The
             Commissioners
             of
             Toledo
             perceiving
             Valladolid
             otherwaies
             inclined
             ,
             then
             they
             exspected
             ,
             went
             forthwith
             to
             the
             Palace
             ,
             leaving
             them
             in
             consultation
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XII
             .
          
           
             THey
             came
             to
             the
             Emperor's
             Chamber
             of
             presence
             ,
             just
             as
             hee
             was
             risen
             from
             dinner
             .
             With
             his
             Majestie
             were
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Villena
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Miranda
             ,
             the
             Duke
             of
             Alburquerque
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Castro
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Palma
             ,
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Brandenbourg
             ,
             the
             Archbishop
             of
             Santjago
             ,
             the
             Bishop
             of
             
               Palencia
               ,
               Monsieur
               de
               Xeures
            
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Urenia's
             eldest
             son
             .
             It
             hapned
             as
             those
             Commissioners
             came
             in
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             was
             talking
             with
             the
             King
             so
             loud
             ,
             that
             everie
             one
             might
             hear
             him
             :
             Hee
             said
             ,
             that
             his
             Majestie
             might
             remember
             ,
             that
             beeing
             at
             Barcelona
             ,
             the
             first
             of
             March
             anno
             1519
             ,
             hee
             did
             him
             the
             honor
             to
             give
             him
             a
             writing
             under
             his
             hand
             ,
             wherein
             hee
             promissed
             ,
             that
             at
             his
             arrival
             in
             Castilla
             ,
             hee
             would
             command
             the
             Judges
             to
             examine
             ,
             and
             determine
             according
             to
             Law
             ,
             the
             right
             which
             hee
             pretended
             and
             claimed
             to
             the
             Estate
             of
             
               Medina
               Sidonia
            
             ,
             as
             the
             portion
             and
             inheritance
             of
             the
             Ladie
             
               Mencia
               de
               Gusman
            
             ,
             his
             wife
             ,
             Daughter
             to
             the
             
               Duke
               Don
               
               Iohn
            
             deceased
             ,
             and
             that
             his
             Majestie
             beeing
             since
             at
             Burgos
             ,
             hee
             had
             again
             refresh't
             his
             memorie
             by
             waie
             of
             Petition
             ,
             that
             hee
             had
             don
             the
             like
             there
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             yet
             his
             Majestie
             was
             upon
             his
             departure
             ,
             without
             giving
             anie
             order
             for
             the
             performance
             of
             that
             which
             hee
             had
             promised
             under
             his
             hand
             ;
             and
             hereupon
             hee
             fell
             into
             a
             vain
             of
             very
             presumptuous
             language
             ,
             such
             as
             savored
             of
             too
             much
             sauciness
             and
             audacitie
             .
             Amongst
             other
             things
             hee
             said
             ,
             That
             since
             his
             Majestie
             did
             not
             do
             him
             Justice
             ,
             
             hee
             intended
             to
             right
             himself
             with
             his
             own
             hand
             ,
             and
             that
             for
             so
             great
             an
             injurie
             (
             and
             without
             reason
             ,
             so
             publick
             ,
             and
             so
             known
             ,
             as
             his
             Majestie
             had
             made
             it
             to
             all
             the
             world
             ,
             by
             suffering
             him
             to
             bee
             so
             abused
             against
             Equitie
             or
             Justice
             ,
             and
             contrary
             to
             that
             which
             his
             Majestie
             did
             owe
             to
             his
             own
             Royal
             word
             ,
             hee
             having
             so
             punctually
             performed
             all
             the
             duties
             that
             could
             bee
             required
             of
             his
             Loialtie
             )
             hee
             had
             now
             no
             more
             to
             saie
             or
             do
             ,
             but
             onely
             to
             let
             his
             Majestie
             understand
             ,
             That
             for
             fault
             of
             the
             remedie
             which
             hee
             did
             not
             give
             him
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             great
             injurie
             which
             hee
             now
             did
             him
             ,
             hee
             could
             and
             would
             make
             use
             of
             all
             those
             provisions
             ,
             which
             the
             Laws
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Spain
             did
             ordain
             in
             favor
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             redressing
             of
             oppressed
             and
             injured
             Gentlemen
             ,
             and
             to
             this
             effect
             it
             was
             sufficient
             to
             ask
             his
             Majestie
             's
             permission
             ,
             as
             hee
             had
             alreadie
             begged
             it
             before
             as
             honorable
             persons
             ,
             as
             those
             that
             were
             then
             present
             ,
             but
             could
             not
             obtain
             it
             :
             Speaking
             these
             words
             ,
             hee
             fell
             upon
             his
             knees
             ,
             and
             kissed
             his
             Majestie
             's
             hand
             .
             The
             Emperor
             somwhat
             moved
             at
             
               Don
               Pedro's
            
             ,
             more
             then
             bold
             ,
             speeches
             ,
             made
             this
             grave
             replie
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             you
             are
             a
             discreet
             man
             ,
             I
             do
             not
             think
             that
             you
             would
             do
             anie
             thing
             ,
             that
             shall
             oblige
             mee●
             to
             punish
             you
             ,
             for
             if
             you
             should
             ,
             my
             Justice
             must
             answer
             your
             offence
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             replied
             ,
             Sir
             ,
             in
             doing
             what
             I
             saie
             ,
             I
             do
             nothing
             but
             what
             I
             ought
             ,
             and
             what
             is
             just
             ,
             if
             I
             do
             it
             not
             my self
             ,
             your
             Majestie
             will
             not
             see
             mee
             righted
             .
             Those
             from
             whom
             I
             descended
             ,
             never
             imbraced
             the
             thought
             of
             doing
             anie
             thing
             that
             ought
             not
             to
             be
             don
             ,
             neither
             do
             I
             intend
             it
             .
             
             That
             which
             I
             said
             ,
             Sir
             ,
             I
             would
             do
             ,
             was
             to
             seek
             som
             remedie
             for
             my
             grievances
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Laws
             instituted
             in
             this
             Kingdom
             ;
             and
             if
             your
             meaning
             is
             ,
             Sir
             ,
             to
             have
             me
             punished
             for
             doing
             what
             I
             ought
             ,
             you
             will
             see
             (
             if
             you
             do
             so
             )
             what
             you
             ought
             to
             do
             to
             your self
             .
             The
             Emperor
             presently
             answered
             ,
             I
             think
             to
             do
             you
             Justice
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             as
             I
             told
             you
             ,
             and
             I
             have
             performed
             my
             promise
             to
             you
             .
             You
             are
             my
             King
             Sir
             ,
             said
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             and
             I
             will
             not
             answer
             you
             :
             That
             which
             you
             promised
             mee
             is
             herein
             written
             under
             your
             own
             hand
             ,
             and
             may
             soon
             bee
             seen
             ,
             and
             what
             you
             concluded
             in
             your
             Council
             yesterdaie
             ,
             this
             daie
             is
             known
             sufficiently
             :
             that
             said
             ,
             hee
             produced
             his
             paper
             for
             evidence
             .
             Upon
             these
             words
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Villena
             bid
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             forbear
             ,
             and
             void
             the
             Chamber
             ,
             so
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             went
             out
             ,
             and
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             and
             the
             Lord
             
               High
               Constable
            
             with
             him
             (
             who
             came
             in
             after
             this
             discours
             began
             )
             all
             the
             other
             Gentlemen
             presently
             followed
             them
             ,
             and
             gathering
             themselvs
             in
             a
             knot
             together
             in
             the
             Anti-chamber
             ,
             they
             descanted
             upon
             these
             passages
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             continued
             still
             his
             fuming
             ,
             with
             exp●essions
             of
             much
             discontent
             ,
             and
             sens
             of
             injurie
             ,
             becaus
             the
             King
             had
             not
             made
             good
             to
             him
             what
             hee
             had
             promised
             him
             with
             so
             much
             assurance
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XIII
             .
          
           
             
               DOn
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             was
             no
             sooner
             gon
             out
             of
             the
             Presence
             ,
             but
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             ,
             &
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Suarez
            
             advanced
             to
             speak
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             beseeching
             hee
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             give
             them
             audience
             ,
             for
             they
             had
             divers
             things
             to
             impart
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             which
             did
             much
             conduce
             to
             his
             Service
             .
             The
             Emperor
             answered
             them
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             upon
             going
             ,
             as
             they
             saw
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             had
             not
             then
             the
             time
             to
             hear
             them
             :
             They
             replied
             ,
             but
             chiefly
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             :
             That
             it
             
             was
             of
             so
             much
             concernment
             to
             his
             Majestie
             to
             hear
             them
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             not
             repent
             the
             deferring
             of
             his
             departure
             for
             a
             little
             while
             ,
             especially
             the
             weather
             beeing
             (
             as
             it
             was
             )
             very
             rainie
             .
             For
             they
             would
             inform
             his
             Majestie
             of
             manie
             things
             ,
             wherein
             were
             interessed
             in
             an
             extraordinarie
             manner
             ,
             both
             His
             service
             and
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             The
             Emperor
             knowing
             alreadie
             the
             substance
             of
             what
             they
             came
             to
             ask
             ,
             and
             nothing
             pleased
             with
             their
             manner
             of
             petitioning
             ,
             answered
             ,
             That
             there
             was
             no
             man
             in
             the
             world
             more
             careful
             ,
             and
             desirous
             of
             that
             which
             might
             bee
             most
             expedient
             for
             the
             good
             of
             his
             Kingdoms
             ,
             then
             himself
             ;
             That
             they
             should
             meet
             him
             at
             the
             next
             town
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             in
             the
             waie
             to
             Santjago
             ,
             and
             there
             hee
             would
             hear
             them
             :
             So
             they
             departed
             his
             Presence
             .
             The
             Emperor
             (
             beeing
             very
             angrie
             at
             the
             importunitie
             ,
             and
             sauciness
             of
             the
             Toledians
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             )
             sent
             presently
             to
             call
             som
             of
             his
             Privie
             Council
             ,
             to
             advise
             touching
             the
             apprehending
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ;
             The
             Lord
             
               High
               Constable
            
             beeing
             advertised
             of
             the
             Emperor's
             pleasure
             ,
             came
             presently
             to
             the
             Palace
             ,
             and
             with
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Nobles
             there
             beeing
             ,
             hee
             sent
             to
             desire
             Xeures
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             join
             with
             them
             ,
             in
             taking
             som
             cours
             for
             the
             composing
             of
             the
             matter
             .
             While
             things
             were
             thus
             in
             agitation
             ,
             a
             rumor
             began
             to
             spread
             amongst
             the
             People
             ,
             that
             their
             Magistrates
             had
             granted
             what
             the
             Emperor
             did
             desire
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             going
             away
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             would
             carrie
             his
             Mother
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             with
             him
             ;
             and
             as
             the
             People
             are
             apt
             to
             believ
             all
             they
             hear
             ,
             this
             report
             much
             troubled
             them
             ,
             and
             beeing
             drunk
             with
             passion
             ,
             they
             ran
             madding
             through
             the
             streets
             ;
             and
             here
             and
             there
             making
             stands
             (
             after
             that
             Countrie
             fashion
             )
             they
             assembled
             divers
             circuler
             consultations
             ,
             saying
             ,
             that
             it
             would
             bee
             fitting
             to
             petition
             the
             King
             not
             to
             depart
             ;
             Beeing
             all
             up
             in
             this
             confusion
             without
             understanding
             each
             other's
             meaning
             ,
             a
             certain
             Rope-maker
             ,
             by
             Nation
             a
             Portuguez
             ,
             inhabitant
             of
             that
             Citie
             ,
             seeing
             that
             the
             King
             was
             readie
             to
             depart
             ,
             and
             that
             no
             bodie
             would
             petition
             him
             to
             staie
             ,
             hee
             got
             into
             the
             steeple
             of
             St
             Michael
             (
             which
             is
             a
             very
             ancient
             Parish
             in
             that
             
             Citie
             ,
             where
             hung
             a
             great
             bell
             ,
             commonly
             called
             the
             Counsel-Bell
             ,
             which
             used
             to
             bee
             rung
             onely
             in
             times
             of
             war
             ,
             uproars
             ,
             
             or
             upon
             anie
             Alarum
             )
             this
             bell
             hee
             begin's
             to
             ring
             ,
             with
             as
             much
             speed
             as
             hee
             could
             ,
             which
             assoon
             as
             the
             People
             heard
             ,
             without
             knowing
             or
             examining
             wherefore
             ,
             all
             (
             except
             those
             that
             were
             assembled
             in
             the
             Monasterie
             of
             St
             Paul
             )
             presently
             took
             up
             arms
             ,
             to
             the
             number
             of
             about
             five
             or
             six
             thousand
             
               Common
               People
            
             .
             'T
             is
             said
             their
             determination
             was
             to
             kill
             Xeures
             and
             all
             the
             Flemings
             ,
             and
             to
             hinder
             the
             Emperor's
             departure
             .
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Enriquez
               Bishop
            
             of
             Osma
             ,
             gave
             Xeures
             notice
             hereof
             ,
             yet
             hee
             would
             not
             believ
             him
             ,
             thinking
             that
             hee
             told
             him
             so
             ,
             onely
             to
             ingratiate
             himself
             with
             him
             ;
             But
             soon
             after
             ,
             hearing
             a
             great
             hurlieburlie
             ,
             and
             the
             clashing
             of
             weapons
             ,
             and
             asking
             what
             the
             matter
             was
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Porto
               Carero
            
             told
             him
             ,
             Sir
             ,
             it
             is
             now
             no
             time
             for
             you
             to
             sit
             in
             Council
             ,
             but
             indeavor
             to
             secure
             your
             Person
             ;
             for
             the
             Common
             crie
             of
             the
             People
             is
             ,
             
               Let
               Charls
               the
               King
               live
               ,
               but
               let
               his
               ill
               Counsellors
               perish
            
             ;
             neither
             ought
             you
             to
             think
             it
             strange
             ,
             if
             in
             their
             rage
             they
             murther
             you
             ,
             since
             they
             consider
             you
             ,
             as
             one
             that
             carrie's
             their
             King
             from
             them
             .
             The
             People
             seeing
             themselvs
             so
             numerous
             ,
             manie
             of
             them
             (
             as
             it
             appeared
             )
             would
             have
             stop't
             the
             Emperor's
             Journie
             .
             And
             this
             disorder
             fell
             out
             just
             as
             the
             Emperor
             was
             in
             Consultation
             ,
             about
             the
             apprehending
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             but
             Xeures
             and
             the
             Flemings
             ,
             beeing
             too
             well
             assured
             of
             the
             People's
             tumultuous
             furie
             ,
             hastened
             the
             Emperor
             (
             all
             they
             could
             )
             out
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             so
             hee
             departed
             from
             his
             Palace
             in
             the
             cruellest
             rain
             ,
             and
             thickest
             skie
             ,
             that
             had
             been
             seen
             in
             the
             memorie
             of
             man.
             Which
             it
             seeme's
             was
             a
             presage
             and
             ill
             Omen
             of
             the
             miseries
             and
             disasters
             ,
             which
             were
             afterwards
             poured
             upon
             Castillia
             and
             his
             other
             Kingdoms
             .
             
             The
             Emperor
             coming
             to
             the
             gate
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             found
             there
             som
             of
             the
             rabble
             (
             they
             could
             not
             all
             bee
             so
             soon
             there
             ,
             becaus
             of
             the
             extraordinarie
             foul
             weather
             )
             .
             who
             having
             seiz'd
             upon
             the
             gates
             ,
             began
             to
             shut
             them
             ,
             and
             to
             barricado
             up
             the
             waie
             :
             but
             the
             Emperor's
             Guards
             made
             them
             suddenly
             quit
             their
             Poste
             ,
             and
             hee
             continued
             on
             his
             
             journie
             leaving
             Valladolid
             full
             of
             disorder
             .
             Som
             were
             troubled
             for
             what
             they
             had
             don
             ,
             others
             perplexed
             that
             they
             had
             seen
             and
             suffered
             such
             insolencies
             to
             bee
             committed
             .
             And
             in
             regard
             there
             was
             no
             ground
             for
             this
             tumult
             ,
             it
             was
             presently
             appeased
             ,
             and
             the
             people
             were
             ashamed
             ,
             and
             sorrie
             for
             the
             irreverence
             and
             disrespect
             they
             had
             shewn
             the
             Emperor
             .
             The
             Officers
             of
             Justice
             of
             Valladolid
             began
             to
             make
             diligent
             inquirie
             ,
             who
             had
             rung
             the
             Bell
             ,
             or
             who
             gave
             order
             for
             the
             ringing
             of
             it
             .
             But
             the
             Portuguez
             could
             not
             bee
             found
             ,
             so
             others
             paied
             for
             him
             .
             Som
             had
             their
             feet
             cut
             off
             ;
             Som
             were
             whipped
             :
             Som
             banished
             and
             their
             goods
             confiscate
             ,
             Som
             others
             had
             their
             houses
             pluck't
             down
             .
             There
             was
             whip't
             amongst
             others
             a
             Goldsmith
             (
             a
             man
             of
             good
             account
             ,
             a
             Citizen
             of
             the
             Town
             )
             becaus
             it
             was
             proved
             that
             hee
             had
             received
             som
             Letters
             from
             the
             said
             Portuguez
             :
             som
             other
             Goldsmiths
             ,
             and
             som
             officers
             of
             the
             Town
             beeing
             also
             taken
             ,
             were
             very
             much
             afraid
             that
             they
             should
             bee
             brought
             to
             the
             like
             publick
             shame
             and
             punishment
             .
             But
             the
             Emperor
             beeing
             informed
             of
             the
             good
             intention
             of
             that
             Citie
             towards
             him
             ,
             and
             that
             what
             they
             had
             don
             was
             not
             out
             of
             malice
             ,
             or
             anie
             premeditated
             design
             to
             do
             him
             anie
             injurie
             ,
             hee
             sent
             an
             Order
             for
             releasment
             of
             the
             prisoners
             ,
             and
             commanded
             that
             there
             should
             bee
             no
             more
             said
             of
             it
             .
             The
             Dean
             having
             apprehended
             ,
             and
             clap't
             in
             prison
             three
             Priests
             of
             St
             Michael's
             Church
             ,
             the
             Judges
             of
             the
             Court
             in
             the
             Emperor's
             name
             required
             him
             to
             deliver
             them
             the
             said
             Priests
             ,
             in
             regard
             they
             were
             accused
             to
             have
             given
             their
             consents
             to
             the
             ringing
             of
             the
             Bell.
             They
             were
             accordingly
             delivered
             and
             carried
             upon
             three
             great
             Mules
             ,
             with
             Irons
             upon
             their
             legs
             through
             the
             chief
             streets
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             until
             they
             came
             to
             Fuen-Saldania's
             Fort
             ,
             (
             which
             then
             stood
             for
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             was
             kept
             by
             the
             sons
             of
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Vivero
            
             Viscount
             of
             Altamira
             ,
             becaus
             hee
             had
             unworthily
             made
             away
             his
             wife
             )
             and
             there
             they
             remained
             manie
             daies
             until
             the
             Emperor
             was
             satisfied
             of
             the
             truth
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XIV
             .
          
           
             THe
             Emperor
             came
             to
             Tordesillas
             soundly
             wet
             and
             durtie
             ,
             and
             no
             bodie
             with
             him
             but
             Xeures
             ,
             the
             rest
             could
             not
             keep
             pace
             with
             him
             ,
             and
             having
             refreshed
             himself
             there
             one
             daie
             ,
             hee
             continued
             on
             his
             journie
             to
             Villalpando
             ,
             where
             hee
             had
             appointed
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             Toledo
             to
             attend
             him
             .
             They
             beeing
             com
             thither
             before
             ,
             met
             with
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             Salamanca
             ,
             who
             were
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Maldonado
            
             ,
             (
             who
             was
             afterwards
             beheaded
             )
             and
             
               Antonio
               Fernandez
               ,
               Regidores
            
             of
             that
             Citie
             ;
             with
             them
             were
             their
             Messingers
             also
             ,
             (
             viz.
             
               Iohn
               Alvarez
               Maldonado
            
             ,
             and
             
               Antonio
               Enriquez
            
             )
             who
             were
             chi●fly
             sent
             to
             underfeel
             ,
             what
             instructions
             those
             of
             Toledo
             had
             in
             all
             particulars
             ,
             and
             had
             order
             to
             conform
             themselvs
             in
             all
             points
             to
             the
             Messengers
             of
             that
             Citie
             .
             At
             Villalpando
             a
             Town
             belonging
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             did
             these
             Commissioners
             and
             others
             exspect
             his
             Majestie
             's
             coming
             .
             Upon
             Sundaie
             after
             they
             had
             been
             at
             Church
             ,
             they
             went
             to
             the
             Palace
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             the
             Emperor
             should
             give
             them
             audience
             ;
             while
             they
             were
             attending
             his
             Majestie
             's
             pleasure
             in
             the
             Hall
             ,
             came
             to
             them
             
               Don
               Garzia
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             and
             
               Mōta
               Bishop
            
             of
             Palencia
             ,
             who
             wished
             them
             in
             the
             Emperor's
             name
             (
             but
             they
             thought
             it
             was
             from
             Xeures
             )
             to
             tell
             them
             the
             message
             they
             had
             from
             their
             Citie
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Alonso
            
             answered
             .
             That
             their
             Citie
             had
             commanded
             them
             to
             speak
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             and
             though
             they
             importuned
             them
             never
             so
             much
             ,
             they
             would
             not
             declare
             unto
             them
             their
             business
             .
             Thereupon
             the
             Bishop
             and
             
               Don
               Garzia
            
             returned
             into
             the
             King's
             Chamber
             ,
             but
             after
             a
             little
             time
             came
             out
             again
             ,
             and
             told
             these
             Commissioners
             ,
             that
             if
             they
             would
             not
             give
             them
             an
             account
             ,
             wherefore
             they
             were
             com
             ,
             before
             they
             kissed
             his
             Majestie
             's
             hand
             ,
             they
             should
             not
             have
             audience
             .
             The
             Commissioners
             seeing
             there
             was
             no
             remedie
             ,
             con●ented
             to
             impart
             the
             substance
             
             of
             their
             Message
             to
             them
             ,
             which
             done
             ,
             it
             was
             agreed
             that
             at
             two
             a
             clock
             in
             the
             afternoon
             ,
             (
             if
             they
             returned
             to
             the
             Palace
             )
             they
             should
             have
             audience
             .
             They
             suspected
             that
             this
             diligence
             and
             earnestness
             of
             the
             Bishop's
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Garzia'●
            
             to
             know
             their
             business
             was
             ,
             becaus
             the
             Emperor
             at
             that
             time
             beeing
             very
             young
             ,
             and
             not
             much
             versed
             in
             State-affairs
             ,
             Xeures
             (
             who
             was
             verie
             discreet
             and
             politick
             )
             had
             put
             them
             on
             to
             urge
             it
             before
             they
             were
             admitted
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             hee
             might
             prepare
             the
             Emperor
             to
             give
             them
             an
             answer
             .
             The
             Commissioners
             returned
             at
             the
             hour
             ,
             and
             delivered
             their
             message
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             but
             would
             not
             consent
             that
             anie
             others
             should
             bee
             present
             ,
             onely
             the
             Bishop
             and
             
               Don
               Garzia
            
             ,
             the
             substance
             of
             their
             discours
             was
             as
             ●
             have
             said
             .
             They
             insisted
             chiefly
             that
             his
             Majestie
             ought
             not
             to
             go
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             conluded
             with
             this
             Article
             ,
             saying
             ,
             however
             ,
             if
             hee
             did
             resolv
             upon
             his
             departure
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             command
             such
             order
             to
             bee
             left
             for
             the
             Government
             ,
             that
             the
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             might
             have
             their
             share
             therein
             ;
             And
             likewise
             that
             hee
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             demand
             no
             Subsidies
             at
             all
             ,
             and
             other
             things
             reasonable
             enough
             ;
             as
             wee
             sh●ll
             see
             hereafter
             .
             Which
             indeed
             were
             so
             just
             ,
             that
             a
             Dore-keeper
             nam'd
             Duranges
             wep't
             to
             hear
             them
             ,
             considering
             the
             great
             reason
             the
             Castillians
             had
             to
             complain
             ;
             But
             it
             availed
             them
             little
             at
             that
             time
             ;
             for
             they
             were
             then
             discountenanced
             ,
             and
             not
             treated
             according
             as
             their's
             and
             their
             Ancestor's
             good
             service
             had
             deserved
             .
             The
             Emperor
             told
             them
             onely
             ,
             that
             hee
             had
             heard
             them
             ,
             and
             would
             give
             order
             for
             their
             answer
             .
             The
             same
             hee
             said
             to
             those
             of
             Salamanca
             ,
             (
             who
             spake
             to
             him
             afterwards
             )
             and
             in
             effect
             desired
             the
             same
             things
             as
             the
             Toledians
             had
             ,
             telling
             him
             moreover
             ,
             that
             they
             had
             order
             from
             their
             Citie
             to
             conform
             themselvs
             in
             everie
             thing
             with
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             Toledo
             .
             To
             whom
             the
             Emperor
             sent
             word
             by
             the
             
               Bishop
               Mota
            
             and
             
               Don
               Garzia
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             That
             in
             regard
             his
             Council
             was
             at
             Venavente
             (
             whither
             hee
             was
             to
             go
             within
             two
             daies
             )
             they
             should
             not
             fail
             to
             meet
             him
             there
             ,
             to
             receiv
             their
             answer
             ,
             which
             they
             did
             accordingly
             .
             The
             
             Emperor
             beeing
             arrived
             at
             
               Venavente
               ,
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             and
             his
             Companion
             ,
             presented
             themselvs
             for
             their
             answer
             .
             Whereupon
             the
             Emperor
             commanded
             his
             Council
             of
             Iustice
             and
             of
             State
             to
             assemble
             ,
             who
             having
             considered
             the
             circumstances
             and
             manner
             of
             those
             Commissioners
             ,
             jointly
             gave
             their
             opinion
             ,
             that
             they
             deserved
             rather
             to
             bee
             punished
             ,
             then
             to
             receiv
             anie
             good
             answer
             or
             satisfaction
             to
             their
             demands
             ;
             
             wherefore
             the
             Emperor
             sent
             for
             them
             into
             his
             chamber
             ,
             and
             with
             a
             severely
             frowning
             Countenance
             (
             as
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             afterwards
             declared
             )
             told
             them
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             not
             pleased
             with
             what
             they
             did
             ,
             and
             that
             if
             hee
             did
             not
             consider
             from
             what
             Parents
             they
             were
             descended
             ,
             hee
             would
             have
             them
             punished
             according
             to
             their
             deserts
             ,
             for
             medling
             with
             what
             they
             had
             undertaken
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             should
             go
             to
             the
             President
             of
             his
             Council
             ,
             who
             would
             tell
             them
             further
             what
             they
             were
             to
             do
             .
             They
             began
             to
             excuse
             themselvs
             ,
             but
             the
             Emperor
             not
             willing
             to
             hear
             them
             ,
             retired
             himself
             .
             Then
             
               Don
               Garzia
               de
               Padilla
            
             taking
             them
             aside
             ,
             gave
             them
             a
             notable
             schooling
             ,
             and
             reproved
             them
             sharply
             for
             what
             they
             had
             done
             ,
             telling
             them
             that
             their
             boldness
             in
             insisting
             so
             much
             to
             the
             hinderance
             of
             a
             journie
             ,
             which
             so
             deeply
             concerned
             not
             onely
             the
             honor
             and
             reputation
             of
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             but
             also
             the
             securitie
             and
             preservation
             of
             his
             Estate
             ,
             was
             beyond
             the
             thought
             of
             pardon
             .
             And
             that
             the
             things
             which
             they
             had
             done
             ,
             had
             been
             the
             occasion
             of
             disaffecting
             and
             disquieting
             the
             mindes
             of
             other
             Commissioners
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             precedence
             and
             Autoritie
             ,
             which
             Toledo
             had
             amongst
             all
             the
             Cities
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             which
             they
             should
             do
             well
             to
             consider
             ,
             and
             seriously
             to
             reflect
             upon
             .
             After
             this
             they
             went
             to
             the
             President
             of
             his
             
               Majestie
               's
               Council
            
             (
             who
             was
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             Granada
             )
             as
             the
             Emperor
             had
             commanded
             them
             .
             The
             President
             told
             them
             ,
             that
             what
             hee
             had
             to
             give
             them
             for
             answer
             ,
             was
             that
             his
             Majestie
             was
             going
             to
             hold
             a
             Parlament
             in
             the
             Citie
             of
             Santjago
             ,
             where
             all
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             were
             to
             assemble
             ,
             That
             Toledo
             should
             send
             theirs
             thither
             ,
             with
             a
             memorial
             of
             the
             
             things
             they
             desired
             ,
             which
             beeing
             perused
             and
             examined
             ,
             The
             Emperor
             would
             give
             such
             Orders
             as
             should
             bee
             most
             expedient
             for
             his
             service
             ,
             and
             the
             general
             good
             of
             his
             Kingdoms
             and
             Subjects
             ,
             moreover
             hee
             willed
             them
             to
             desist
             from
             medling
             anie
             further
             in
             those
             matters
             ,
             but
             to
             return
             and
             deal
             with
             their
             Citie
             ,
             to
             send
             their
             Commissioners
             ,
             as
             the
             other
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             did
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             affect
             such
             innovations
             ,
             as
             they
             had
             begun
             .
             Whereunto
             they
             made
             answer
             ,
             that
             indeed
             they
             were
             not
             imploied
             by
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             but
             they
             desired
             however
             that
             those
             things
             might
             bee
             granted
             for
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             And
             refusing
             to
             follow
             his
             advice
             ,
             but
             rather
             thinking
             it
             a
             point
             of
             honor
             to
             persist
             in
             what
             they
             had
             begun
             ,
             they
             followed
             the
             Emperor
             to
             Santjago
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XV.
             
          
           
             THe
             Emperor
             passing
             through
             
               Leon
               ,
               Astorga
            
             ,
             and
             
               Villa
               Franca
               del
               Vierso
            
             was
             in
             everie
             place
             petitioned
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             keep
             the
             Parlament
             in
             Castilla
             ,
             but
             they
             availed
             nothing
             .
             And
             these
             Commissioners
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             beeing
             arrived
             at
             Santjago
             ,
             sollicited
             very
             hard
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             other
             Cities
             ,
             that
             were
             likewise
             com
             thither
             ,
             indeavoring
             to
             draw
             them
             to
             their
             opinion
             ,
             pressing
             them
             to
             stand
             upon
             the
             same
             tearms
             Toledo
             did
             ,
             as
             their
             Cities
             had
             offered
             .
             Those
             from
             Salamanca
             did
             the
             like
             ,
             shewing
             themselvs
             much
             of
             the
             Toledo
             faction
             .
             The
             Emperor
             would
             by
             no
             persuasions
             bee
             brought
             to
             hold
             the
             Parlament
             in
             Castilla
             ,
             but
             neer
             the
             Sea-side
             ,
             becaus
             Xeures
             would
             have
             it
             so
             ;
             and
             the
             Fleming
             desired
             it
             the
             rather
             ,
             out
             of
             fear
             ,
             that
             the
             People
             would
             murther
             him
             ,
             for
             hee
             knew
             how
             ill
             hee
             was
             beloved
             amongst
             them
             ,
             and
             hee
             perceived
             that
             if
             there
             were
             anie
             tumult
             or
             uproar
             ,
             they
             would
             begin
             with
             him
             .
             Besides
             ,
             seeing
             himself
             verie
             rich
             ,
             hee
             desired
             exceedingly
             to
             
             bee
             out
             of
             Spain
             ,
             and
             that
             if
             there
             should
             fall
             out
             anie
             mutinie
             ,
             or
             disorder
             in
             Parlament
             ,
             beeing
             near
             the
             Sea-side
             ,
             hee
             could
             with
             more
             facilitie
             secure
             his
             person
             and
             goods
             .
             As
             for
             the
             Emperor
             's
             own
             particular
             ,
             it
             concerned
             him
             no
             more
             to
             call
             a
             Parlament
             at
             Santjago
             ,
             then
             at
             Valladolid
             or
             Burgos
             ,
             or
             anie
             other
             Citie
             of
             Castilla
             .
          
           
             At
             last
             beeing
             arrived
             at
             Santjago
             at
             the
             end
             of
             March
             ,
             with
             manie
             Grandees
             and
             Nobles
             of
             Spain
             ,
             the
             Parlament
             began
             on
             Mundaie
             the
             first
             of
             April
             following
             ,
             anno
             1520
             ,
             whereof
             was
             President
             
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Vega
               Commendador
               Mayor
               de
               Castilla
            
             (
             Father
             to
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Vega
            
             ,
             who
             was
             Vice-King
             of
             Sicilia
             )
             a
             person
             of
             great
             note
             ;
             
               Don
               Garcia
               de
               Padilla
            
             and
             Zapata
             were
             his
             Assistants
             .
             The
             Emperor
             sitting
             the
             first
             daie
             himself
             in
             Parlament
             ,
             commanded
             that
             the
             Propositions
             should
             be
             made
             in
             his
             own
             hearing
             ,
             which
             declared
             the
             just
             and
             great
             occasions
             ,
             that
             pressed
             him
             to
             undertake
             the
             Journie
             hee
             was
             then
             upon
             ,
             the
             extraordinarie
             exspences
             it
             did
             require
             ,
             and
             the
             vast
             charges
             hee
             had
             been
             at
             in
             coming
             into
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             besides
             the
             great
             Armies
             hee
             had
             raised
             ,
             and
             maintained
             against
             the
             Infidels
             ,
             and
             the
             charges
             of
             sending
             the
             
               Infante
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ,
             his
             brother
             ,
             out
             of
             that
             Countrie
             ,
             desiring
             them
             that
             they
             would
             assist
             him
             with
             the
             accustomed
             Subsidies
             ,
             and
             that
             in
             his
             absence
             they
             would
             keep
             the
             Peace
             and
             fidelitie
             ,
             as
             from
             such
             loial
             and
             good
             Subjects
             might
             bee
             exspected
             .
             Although
             som
             Commissioners
             would
             have
             opposed
             the
             granting
             him
             anie
             such
             Subsidie
             ,
             
             they
             did
             not
             however
             discover
             their
             intention
             that
             daie
             ,
             onely
             the
             forenamed
             of
             Salamanca
             ,
             who
             openly
             refused
             the
             solemnitie
             of
             the
             ordinarie
             Oath
             ,
             unless
             his
             Maiestie
             would
             first
             grant
             them
             the
             things
             which
             they
             desired
             .
             Which
             beeing
             condemned
             for
             a
             great
             unmannerliness
             and
             disrespect
             ,
             they
             were
             forbidden
             to
             come
             anie
             more
             into
             the
             hous
             .
             Then
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             said
             ,
             that
             hee
             had
             brought
             a
             memorial
             and
             instructions
             from
             the
             Citie
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             what
             hee
             was
             to
             do
             and
             grant
             in
             Parlament
             ,
             and
             that
             his
             Majestie
             might
             see
             them
             ,
             that
             hee
             could
             not
             go
             beyond
             his
             Commission
             ,
             
             but
             would
             perform
             and
             execute
             it
             in
             that
             manner
             ,
             as
             should
             be
             most
             agreeable
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ;
             otherwise
             hee
             would
             rather
             choose
             to
             bee
             cut
             in
             pieces
             ,
             or
             have
             his
             head
             cut
             off
             ,
             then
             to
             give
             his
             consent
             to
             a
             thing
             so
             prejudicial
             to
             his
             Citie
             ,
             and
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             .
             
             This
             answer
             was
             back't
             by
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             
               Sevilla
               ,
               Cordova
               ,
               Salamanca
               ,
               Toro
               ,
               Zamora
               ,
            
             and
             
               Sancho
               Zimbron
               ,
               Commissioner
            
             of
             Avila
             ,
             from
             which
             they
             could
             not
             bee
             drawn
             .
             Whereupon
             the
             Parlament
             was
             adjourned
             for
             three
             or
             four
             daies
             ,
             there
             beeing
             amongst
             them
             such
             jealousies
             and
             fears
             as
             usually
             proceed
             from
             discontented
             mindes
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XVI
             .
          
           
             THe
             Kingdom
             of
             Galicia
             was
             much
             distasted
             at
             this
             Parlament
             ,
             becaus
             they
             had
             no
             Commissioner
             allowed
             ,
             and
             that
             Zamora
             spake
             for
             them
             ,
             notwithstanding
             Galicia
             was
             one
             of
             the
             greatest
             and
             most
             ancient
             Kingdoms
             of
             Spain
             ,
             and
             the
             source
             of
             the
             greatest
             Nobilitie
             .
             The
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             of
             
               Santjago
               ,
               Don
               Alonso
               de
               Fonseca
            
             (
             who
             was
             afterwards
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             Toledo
             )
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             and
             the
             Earl
             of
             
               Villalva
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Andrada
            
             ,
             went
             all
             together
             to
             St
             Francisco
             ,
             where
             the
             Parlament
             was
             kept
             ,
             
             and
             having
             obtained
             entrance
             ,
             they
             thus
             spake
             to
             the
             high
             Chancellor
             (
             who
             was
             President
             )
             and
             the
             Commissioners
             there
             present
             :
             It
             is
             not
             unknown
             
               that
               Galicia
            
             is
             a
             distinct
             Kingdom
             from
             
               Castilla
               ,
               that
            
             in
             former
             times
             they
             had
             their
             Votes
             in
             the
             Parlaments
             held
             in
             Castilla
             ,
             and
             that
             (
             from
             a
             certain
             time
             only
             )
             they
             were
             subject
             to
             the
             Votes
             of
             the
             Citie
             of
             Zamora
             (
             which
             was
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Castilla
             and
             Leon
             )
             which
             was
             a
             great
             grievance
             and
             prejudice
             to
             them
             ;
             therefore
             they
             did
             desire
             out
             of
             favor
             ,
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             there
             present
             ,
             and
             (
             if
             need
             were
             )
             they
             would
             require
             them
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             admit
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             ,
             which
             that
             Kingdom
             of
             Galicia
             should
             nominate
             ,
             who
             should
             bee
             ready
             to
             obey
             whatsoever
             his
             Majestie
             should
             command
             them
             .
             
             And
             in
             so
             doing
             they
             would
             oblige
             them
             very
             much
             :
             but
             in
             case
             they
             were
             refused
             ,
             they
             protested
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             not
             stand
             to
             anie
             thing
             ,
             that
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             Zamora
             should
             denie
             or
             grant
             ;
             and
             of
             that
             they
             desired
             witness
             .
             Hence
             grew
             som
             hurlie-burlie
             and
             tumult
             in
             the
             Parlament
             .
             For
             one
             
               Garci
               Ruyz
               de
               la
               Mota
            
             (
             Bishop
             Mota's
             brother
             )
             who
             was
             Commissioner
             for
             Burgos
             ,
             took
             upon
             him
             to
             answer
             ,
             and
             thwarted
             the
             Earl
             of
             Villalva
             ,
             with
             language
             that
             was
             much
             displeasing
             .
             This
             was
             forthwith
             noised
             in
             the
             Court
             ;
             whereupon
             the
             Emperor
             sent
             presently
             the
             
               Bishop
               Mota
            
             to
             qualifie
             the
             matter
             .
             Hee
             was
             hardly
             at
             the
             gate
             of
             the
             Cloister
             ,
             where
             the
             Parlament
             was
             held
             ,
             when
             hee
             met
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             and
             the
             Earl
             coming
             forth
             .
             The
             Bishop
             perceiving
             the
             Earl
             of
             Villalva
             much
             incensed
             ,
             to
             pacifie
             his
             choller
             ,
             accosted
             him
             with
             very
             smooth
             and
             civil
             Language
             ,
             expressing
             much
             sorrow
             ,
             that
             his
             brother
             had
             so
             much
             forgotten
             himself
             .
             Amongst
             other
             words
             that
             passed
             between
             the
             Bishop
             and
             the
             
               Earl
               ,
               Villalva
            
             chanced
             to
             let
             slip
             these
             ,
             
               You
               have
               a
               prettie
               fellow
               to
               your
               brother
               ,
               my
               Lord
               Bishop
               ,
            
             and
             withall
             hee
             swore
             ,
             that
             (
             if
             they
             supported
             him
             )
             hee
             would
             join
             with
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             .
             And
             in
             regard
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             was
             so
             fixed
             to
             the
             interest
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             (
             which
             was
             not
             very
             pleasing
             to
             Xeures
             ,
             and
             others
             that
             sate
             at
             the
             helm
             )
             These
             words
             of
             the
             Earl's
             were
             presently
             carried
             to
             the
             Palace
             ;
             whereupon
             an
             
               Alcalde
               de
               Casa
               y
               Corte
            
             (
             that
             is
             ,
             an
             officer
             in
             the
             nature
             of
             our
             Judges
             of
             oyer
             and
             terminer
             )
             commanded
             the
             ●arl
             to
             quit
             the
             Court
             within
             one
             houre
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             return
             to
             it
             without
             his
             Majestie
             's
             permission
             .
             At
             the
             houre
             's
             end
             hee
             went
             from
             Santjago
             to
             the
             Groyne
             ,
             where
             his
             hous
             and
             estate
             laie
             .
             But
             soon
             after
             the
             Emperor
             going
             from
             Santjago
             to
             the
             Groyne
             ,
             readmitted
             him
             into
             his
             presence
             and
             favor
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             ▪
             XVII
             .
          
           
             IN
             this
             Occurrence
             som
             Grandees
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             which
             followed
             the
             Court
             ,
             accused
             Xeures
             highly
             to
             Emperor
             ,
             and
             bid
             him
             beware
             that
             the
             Fleming
             did
             not
             counsel
             him
             for
             his
             own
             ends
             .
             Hereupon
             there
             passed
             som
             angrie
             expressions
             betwixt
             Xeures
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             and
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             Santjago
             ,
             and
             they
             began
             to
             breed
             factions
             in
             the
             Court.
             This
             Arch-Bishop
             and
             som
             others
             began
             to
             make
             private
             meetings
             ,
             
             and
             consult
             how
             they
             might
             provide
             themselvs
             with
             arms
             and
             men
             secretly
             .
             The
             Emperor
             perceived
             it
             ,
             and
             if
             hee
             had
             not
             remedied
             it
             in
             time
             ,
             hee
             had
             found
             it
             troublesom
             enough
             .
             The
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             and
             others
             left
             the
             Court
             discontented
             ;
             The
             Emperor
             knew
             the
             sidings
             and
             dissentions
             that
             had
             been
             in
             Toledo
             ,
             and
             how
             they
             had
             refused
             to
             give
             a
             full
             power
             to
             their
             
               Commissioners
               (
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Silva
            
             and
             Aguirre
             )
             which
             considered
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             and
             his
             Council
             were
             of
             opinion
             ,
             that
             it
             would
             not
             be
             amiss
             to
             send
             to
             som
             of
             the
             chief
             Officers
             that
             opposed
             it
             ,
             to
             come
             to
             Court
             ,
             and
             send
             others
             ,
             his
             Majestie
             's
             servants
             ,
             to
             supplie
             their
             places
             ,
             for
             taking
             som
             out
             and
             supplying
             their
             places
             with
             others
             ,
             they
             might
             do
             whatsoever
             his
             Majestie
             commanded
             .
             To
             that
             effect
             were
             presently
             dispatched
             Orders
             ,
             whereby
             
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
               ,
               Iohn
               Carrillo
               ,
               Gonzalo
               Gaytan
               ,
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Ayala
            
             and
             
               Pedro
               de
               Herrera
            
             (
             all
             Regidores
             and
             Officers
             of
             the
             Citie
             )
             were
             commanded
             under
             great
             penalties
             ,
             everie
             man
             of
             them
             to
             make
             his
             personal
             appearance
             at
             the
             Court
             within
             such
             a
             time
             :
             And
             
               Lope
               de
               Guzman
               ,
               Rodrigo
               Ninio
               ,
            
             and
             
               Martin
               de
               Ayala
            
             ,
             were
             commanded
             under
             the
             same
             penaltie
             ,
             to
             go
             to
             supplie
             their
             places
             at
             Toledo
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             that
             these
             beeing
             gon
             thither
             ,
             and
             the
             others
             com
             away
             ,
             the
             Citie
             might
             revoke
             the
             powers
             ,
             which
             they
             had
             given
             to
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             and
             
               Don
               Alonso
            
             ,
             and
             give
             others
             to
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Silva
            
             ,
             
             and
             
               Alonso
               de
               Aguirre
            
             .
             These
             Orders
             beeing
             signified
             to
             the
             above-named
             ,
             they
             all
             excused
             themselvs
             ,
             onely
             Herrera
             ,
             who
             in
             obedience
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Commands
             went
             to
             the
             Court.
             These
             weeds
             of
             dissention
             increased
             daie
             by
             daie
             in
             Toledo
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             Cities
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             Court
             it self
             manie
             bitter
             words
             were
             buzzed
             up
             and
             down
             ,
             countenancing
             and
             approving
             these
             proceedings
             ,
             and
             the
             demands
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             and
             others
             ,
             as
             tending
             to
             the
             general
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XVIII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Messingers
             and
             Commissioners
             of
             Toledo
             and
             Salamanca
             ,
             with
             other
             associates
             ,
             made
             this
             Request
             to
             the
             Rest
             ;
             that
             in
             regard
             the
             Commissioners
             ,
             which
             Toledo
             was
             to
             send
             particularly
             for
             that
             Parlament
             ,
             were
             not
             yet
             com
             ,
             and
             those
             which
             were
             there
             from
             Salamanca
             were
             not
             admitted
             ,
             there
             should
             bee
             nothing
             granted
             ,
             or
             determined
             until
             those
             of
             the
             one
             and
             of
             the
             other
             Citie
             were
             present
             .
             If
             otherwise
             ,
             they
             protested
             ,
             That
             it
             should
             not
             bee
             anie
             Prejudice
             to
             their
             Cities
             .
          
           
             This
             beeing
             ingrossed
             verie
             fair
             ,
             they
             carriyd
             it
             to
             St
             Francisco
             where
             the
             Parlament
             sate
             ,
             taking
             a
             Notarie
             with
             them
             called
             
               Antonio
               Rodriguez
            
             (
             who
             was
             afterwards
             Clerk
             of
             the
             Iunta
             )
             And
             they
             demanded
             Audience
             .
             But
             ,
             notwithstanding
             manie
             voted
             for
             them
             ,
             those
             of
             Toledo
             were
             refused
             ,
             and
             forbidden
             to
             enter
             ,
             in
             respect
             they
             were
             not
             Commissioners
             appointed
             for
             that
             Parlament
             .
             Thereupon
             they
             made
             their
             Acts
             and
             Protests
             at
             the
             dore
             ,
             saying
             ,
             that
             the
             
               King's
               Commissioners
            
             could
             not
             assemble
             in
             Parlament
             without
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             
             that
             their
             non-appearance
             proceeded
             from
             their
             own
             particular
             negligence
             ,
             not
             anie
             fault
             of
             their
             Citie
             's
             ,
             in
             regard
             they
             had
             their
             Powers
             delivered
             them
             ,
             that
             they
             beeing
             members
             of
             the
             said
             Citie
             did
             require
             them
             not
             
             to
             assemble
             in
             Parlament
             ,
             until
             those
             Commissioners
             of
             Toledo
             were
             arrived
             ,
             and
             against
             the
             contrarie
             they
             protested
             .
             And
             whatsoever
             should
             be
             enacted
             in
             anie
             such
             Parlament
             without
             them
             ,
             they
             declared
             to
             bee
             void
             and
             of
             none
             effect
             ,
             and
             should
             bee
             no
             waies
             prejudicial
             to
             the
             Citie
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             nor
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             .
             Manie
             persons
             of
             note
             were
             witnesses
             to
             this
             Protest
             ,
             and
             it
             occasioned
             much
             scandal
             in
             the
             Court.
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             and
             his
             companion
             slighted
             his
             Majestie
             's
             commands
             ,
             which
             were
             signified
             to
             them
             by
             the
             Secretarie
             Covos
             .
             Which
             beeing
             told
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             hee
             gave
             immediate
             command
             to
             banish
             them
             that
             verie
             daie
             (
             beeing
             Palm
             Sundaie
             )
             ;
             and
             accordingly
             in
             the
             evening
             his
             Secretarie
             
               Francisco
               de
               los
               Covos
            
             ,
             and
             
               Iohn
               Ramirez
            
             Secretarie
             to
             the
             Council
             of
             Iustice
             ,
             went
             to
             the
             lodging
             of
             those
             Toledo-Commissioners
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             Emperor's
             name
             signified
             to
             each
             of
             them
             severally
             his
             M●jestie's
             pleasure
             ,
             commanding
             
               Don
               Alonso
               de
               Suarez
            
             the
             next
             daie
             (
             beeing
             mundaie
             )
             to
             leav
             the
             Court
             ,
             and
             that
             within
             two
             moneths
             hee
             should
             go
             serv
             ●nd
             reside
             ,
             where
             that
             Companie
             of
             men
             laie
             whereof
             hee
             was
             Captain
             ,
             where
             hee
             should
             remain
             until
             further
             order
             from
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             under
             pain
             of
             forfeiting
             his
             goods
             ,
             and
             the
             said
             Captain's
             place
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             was
             likewise
             commanded
             to
             absent
             from
             Court
             ,
             the
             same
             Mundaie
             ,
             and
             within
             fortie
             daies
             ,
             to
             go
             and
             reside
             in
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             Fort
             of
             Gibraltar
             (
             which
             was
             his
             own
             inheritance
             )
             and
             not
             to
             depart
             thence
             ,
             without
             the
             Emperor's
             leav
             ,
             under
             penaltie
             of
             forfeiting
             that
             Command
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             his
             estate
             whatsoever
             .
             The
             Iurates
             were
             also
             commanded
             to
             leav
             the
             Court
             immediately
             .
             And
             there
             was
             order
             given
             in
             their
             lodgings
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             not
             entertein
             them
             anie
             longer
             .
             They
             demanded
             Copies
             hereof
             ,
             but
             were
             refused
             ,
             so
             they
             went
             to
             
               Iohn
               Ramirez
            
             chamber
             ,
             and
             by
             much
             importunitie
             they
             obteined
             one
             ,
             but
             not
             signed
             .
             The
             Toledians
             beeing
             extreamly
             troubled
             that
             they
             were
             banished
             the
             Court
             with
             so
             much
             rigor
             ,
             two
             hours
             within
             night
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Alonso
            
             with
             the
             
               Iurate
               Ortiz
            
             went
             to
             the
             
               Palace
               .
               Ortiz
            
             
             went
             in
             to
             Xeures
             ,
             and
             acquainted
             him
             tha●
             such
             gentlemen
             were
             come
             to
             speak
             with
             him
             .
             Xe●res
             bad
             him
             speak
             to
             his
             servants
             to
             set
             up
             lights
             in
             his
             chamber
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             should
             stay
             there
             for
             him
             .
             Xeures
             beeing
             come
             ,
             they
             spent
             above
             two
             hours
             together
             ,
             and
             the
             result
             of
             their
             conference
             was
             :
             That
             it
             seemed
             they
             took
             it
             verie
             ill
             to
             bee
             thus
             forbidden
             the
             Court
             ;
             therefore
             it
             was
             agreed
             that
             in
             testimonie
             of
             their
             obedience
             ,
             they
             should
             go
             onely
             four
             or
             five
             leagues
             from
             Santjago
             ,
             and
             should
             leav
             som
             bodie
             in
             their
             steads
             ,
             to
             put
             him
             in
             minde
             to
             sollicite
             the
             Emperor
             to
             revoke
             their
             banishment
             .
          
           
             The
             next
             daie
             ,
             beeing
             Tuesdaie
             ,
             in
             the
             morning
             they
             went
             away
             ,
             l●aving
             
               Alonso
               de
               Ortiz
            
             onely
             to
             sollicite
             Xeures
             ,
             and
             to
             put
             him
             in
             minde
             of
             what
             was
             agreed
             betwixt
             them
             ,
             and
             to
             tell
             him
             that
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             and
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Suarez
            
             were
             gon
             to
             Padron
             (
             four
             leagues
             from
             Santjago
             )
             in
             obedience
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Commands
             .
             
               Alonso
               de
               Ortiz
            
             returned
             to
             the
             Palace
             ,
             and
             meeting
             Covos
             ,
             hee
             desired
             him
             to
             help
             him
             to
             the
             speech
             of
             
               Xeures
               .
               Xeures
            
             beeing
             com
             forth
             ,
             Ortiz
             beseeched
             him
             to
             perform
             what
             hee
             had
             promised
             to
             those
             gentlemen
             .
             Xeures
             told
             him
             ,
             that
             hee
             had
             moved
             it
             alreadie
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             but
             could
             not
             prevail
             :
             And
             that
             (
             for
             ought
             hee
             saw
             )
             there
             was
             no
             remedie
             ,
             but
             that
             they
             must
             obeie
             the
             extremitie
             of
             his
             Commands
             .
             Ortiz
             replied
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             have
             a
             care
             what
             they
             did
             therein
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             would
             not
             redound
             to
             the
             Emperor's
             service
             ,
             not
             so
             much
             becaus
             those
             Commissioners
             were
             of
             the
             chief
             gentrie
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             as
             that
             they
             were
             deputed
             and
             sent
             by
             the
             Citie
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             who
             must
             take
             upon
             their
             accompt
             what
             trouble
             or
             injurie
             soever
             they
             suffered
             ,
             in
             regard
             they
             had
             done
             nothing
             beyond
             ,
             or
             contrarie
             to
             that
             which
             their
             Citie
             had
             encharged
             them
             ,
             for
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             Xeures
             answere●
             ,
             that
             they
             had
             not
             shewn
             the
             respect
             which
             they
             owe●
             to
             their
             King
             ,
             and
             for
             that
             they
             deserved
             the
             punishmen●
             which
             hee
             had
             inflicted
             upon
             them
             ,
             and
             much
             more
             .
             Ortiz
             replied
             ,
             That
             since
             hee
             had
             the
             greatest
             privacie
             and
             
             freedom
             with
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             hee
             was
             the
             more
             obliged
             to
             see
             to
             this
             matter
             ,
             and
             to
             consider
             with
             attention
             ,
             that
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             knew
             that
             Toledo
             had
             sent
             those
             gentlemen
             to
             treat
             of
             that
             which
             concerned
             them
             all
             ,
             and
             that
             seeing
             them
             thus
             banished
             the
             Court
             ,
             they
             would
             not
             think
             it
             was
             for
             anie
             disrespect
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             (
             for
             if
             any
             such
             thing
             were
             they
             deserved
             double
             punishment
             )
             but
             that
             they
             were
             turned
             out
             of
             the
             Court
             ,
             that
             they
             might
             not
             solicite
             the
             Kingdom
             's
             good
             ,
             and
             thereupon
             they
             would
             bee
             all
             scandalized
             ,
             and
             such
             mischiefs
             would
             insue
             ,
             as
             they
             would
             not
             bee
             able
             to
             remedy
             when
             they
             listed
             .
             Whereto
             Xeures
             very
             formally
             thus
             replied
             ,
             what
             lightness
             is
             this
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             what
             lightness
             I
             say
             ?
             is
             the
             King
             no
             King
             ?
             why
             doth
             no
             body
             think
             of
             putting
             Kings
             in
             and
             out
             at
             their
             pleasure
             ?
             
               Alonso
               Ortiz
            
             answered
             again
             ,
             that
             hee
             wondred
             ,
             hee
             should
             speak
             so
             much
             against
             Toledo
             ,
             it
             beeing
             of
             such
             consequence
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             reputed
             the
             best
             and
             most
             considerable
             Citie
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             had
             the
             greatest
             priveleges
             and
             immunities
             ,
             which
             the
             natives
             did
             enjoie
             ,
             for
             the
             notable
             services
             they
             had
             don
             to
             the
             deceased
             Kings
             .
             Therefore
             it
             could
             not
             bee
             thought
             ,
             that
             Toledo
             treated
             or
             intended
             anie
             thing
             ,
             but
             what
             might
             suit
             with
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ;
             Moreover
             ,
             if
             hee
             pleased
             to
             look
             upon
             what
             gentlemen
             had
             gon
             into
             Flanders
             ,
             to
             serv
             his
             Majestie
             against
             King
             Fernando's
             will
             (
             venturing
             there
             ,
             not
             onely
             their
             own
             lives
             and
             fortunes
             ,
             but
             their
             friend's
             and
             Kindred's
             also
             )
             hee
             would
             finde
             that
             the
             most
             of
             them
             were
             of
             Toledo
             .
             And
             that
             those
             of
             that
             Citie
             ,
             were
             the
             cheif
             means
             of
             paying
             the
             subsidies
             to
             
               King
               Phillip
            
             .
             And
             since
             that
             Citie
             produced
             such
             gallant
             men
             ,
             hee
             ought
             not
             to
             beleiv
             that
             It
             's
             intention
             ever
             was
             other
             ,
             then
             to
             do
             his
             Majestie
             service
             .
             The
             Secretary
             
               Francisco
               de
               los
               Covos
            
             heard
             all
             this
             discours
             .
             These
             and
             divers
             other
             means
             the
             
               Toledian
               Commissioners
            
             used
             by
             favor
             of
             som
             great
             one
             's
             about
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             to
             obtain
             a
             revocation
             of
             their
             banishment
             ,
             but
             nothing
             would
             do
             ,
             for
             Xeures
             and
             other
             Castilians
             of
             the
             privie
             Council
             ,
             opposed
             it
             .
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Suarez
            
             prudently
             considering
             that
             their
             business
             was
             foyled
             ,
             and
             in
             
             danger
             of
             beeing
             utterly
             lost
             ,
             performed
             what
             hee
             was
             commanded
             ,
             and
             never
             after
             put
             himself
             into
             those
             troubles
             ,
             neither
             did
             hee
             meddle
             during
             all
             the
             commotions
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             whereby
             hee
             lost
             nothing
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             did
             the
             like
             (
             though
             late
             )
             not
             understanding
             sooner
             that
             hee
             disserved
             the
             King.
             Thus
             ended
             the
             Embassage
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             which
             was
             so
             boldly
             and
             couragiously
             performed
             by
             these
             gentlemen
             .
          
           
             Before
             the
             Emperor
             departed
             from
             Santjago
             hee
             installed
             Knight
             of
             the
             Order
             the
             Earl
             of
             Santisteuan
             ,
             the
             Marquess
             of
             Villena's
             son
             .
             The
             ceremony
             was
             celebrated
             with
             great
             sol●mnity
             at
             the
             great
             Altar
             in
             Santjago's
             Church
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             ▪
             XIX
             .
          
           
             ON
             Tuesday
             in
             the
             Holie
             week
             before
             Easter
             ,
             a
             Post
             came
             from
             Toledo
             with
             an
             express
             to
             recall
             their
             Commissioners
             ;
             This
             Post
             was
             dispatch't
             before
             there
             was
             any
             notice
             of
             their
             beeing
             banished
             from
             Court.
             Hee
             brought
             letters
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             som
             from
             the
             Assemblie
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             others
             from
             the
             Chapter
             of
             their
             Cathedral
             Church
             ,
             and
             from
             the
             Monasteries
             and
             Fryeries
             ,
             humbly
             begging
             therein
             a
             favorable
             treatment
             of
             their
             Commissioners
             ,
             not
             as
             yet
             knowing
             what
             had
             passed
             .
             Moreover
             they
             mentioned
             how
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Cordoua
            
             (
             the
             Earl
             of
             Cabra's
             brother
             )
             their
             Governor
             ,
             then
             beeing
             at
             Toledo
             ,
             had
             produced
             certain
             orders
             from
             his
             Majestie
             to
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
               ,
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
               ,
            
             and
             
               Gonsalo
               Gaytan
            
             ,
             whereby
             they
             were
             commanded
             to
             make
             their
             personal
             appearance
             at
             Court
             ,
             within
             a
             certain
             time
             ,
             under
             penaltie
             for
             default
             .
             The
             reason
             that
             Toledo
             gave
             ,
             why
             these
             gentlemen
             did
             not
             obey
             ,
             was
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             emploied
             about
             som
             affairs
             concerning
             the
             publick
             good
             ,
             and
             that
             their
             absence
             would
             bee
             prejudicial
             to
             the
             whole
             Citie
             .
             And
             therefore
             they
             beseeched
             that
             his
             Majestie
             would
             suspend
             his
             command
             for
             the
             present
             .
             The
             gentlemen
             that
             stayed
             at
             Padron
             ,
             sent
             
             this
             dispatch
             ,
             with
             the
             instructions
             they
             had
             from
             Toledo
             ,
             to
             
               Alonso
               Ortiz
            
             ,
             who
             remained
             at
             Court.
             Hee
             presently
             went
             to
             the
             Monasterie
             of
             
               San
               Salvador
            
             ,
             half
             a
             league
             from
             the
             Citie
             (
             where
             the
             Emperor
             had
             retired
             himself
             for
             the
             Holie
             week
             )
             and
             desired
             to
             enter
             to
             deliver
             the
             letters
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             but
             hee
             found
             no
             admittance
             .
             Meeting
             Secretarie
             Covos
             ,
             hee
             acquainted
             him
             with
             his
             business
             ,
             and
             told
             him
             that
             hee
             had
             letters
             to
             deliver
             to
             the
             Emperor
             from
             
               Toledo
               ,
               Covos
            
             told
             Xeures
             this
             ,
             who
             forthwith
             sent
             for
             Ortiz
             ,
             and
             bad
             him
             give
             him
             the
             letters
             .
             But
             Ortiz
             desired
             to
             bee
             excused
             ,
             for
             hee
             had
             order
             to
             deliver
             them
             into
             the
             Emperor●s
             own
             hands
             ,
             and
             to
             none
             els
             .
             Xeures
             told
             him
             ,
             that
             the
             Emperor
             having
             received
             the
             Sacrament
             that
             morning
             ,
             was
             yet
             at
             his
             devotion
             ,
             and
             hee
             could
             not
             speak
             with
             him
             .
             Then
             they
             fell
             to
             discours
             again
             about
             those
             gentlemen's
             banishment
             ,
             and
             grew
             so
             hot
             at
             it
             ,
             that
             Xeures
             went
             away
             distasted
             ,
             and
             Ortiz
             remained
             with
             small
             satisfaction
             .
             A
             little
             after
             Covos
             came
             ,
             and
             told
             Ortiz
             that
             Xeures
             called
             him
             .
             Ortiz
             went
             ,
             and
             Xeures
             told
             him
             ,
             that
             resolvedly
             hee
             could
             say
             nothing
             as
             touching
             their
             banishment
             ,
             so
             without
             any
             more
             words
             hee
             went
             into
             another
             room
             .
             Ortiz
             stayed
             behinde
             with
             
               Don
               Garcia
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             who
             blaming
             exceedingly
             the
             proceedings
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             said
             ,
             if
             his
             counsel
             might
             bee
             taken
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             should
             go
             thither
             (
             it
             would
             bee
             but
             ten
             daies
             work
             )
             and
             inflict
             som
             exemplary
             punishment
             upon
             them
             ,
             that
             were
             occasion
             of
             those
             troubles
             ,
             whereby
             the
             rest
             might
             bee
             deterred
             and
             quieted
             .
             I
             wish
             to
             God
             hee
             would
             ,
             said
             Ortiz
             ,
             for
             then
             his
             Majestie
             would
             see
             the
             great
             damages
             they
             suffered
             ,
             and
             give
             order
             for
             som
             redress
             .
             So
             they
             parted
             ,
             and
             Ortiz
             went
             that
             night
             to
             speak
             with
             the
             
               Lord
               Chancellor
            
             ,
             for
             hee
             saw
             there
             was
             no
             possibilitie
             of
             delivering
             his
             letters
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             nor
             of
             speaking
             with
             him
             .
             The
             Chancellor
             and
             Ortiz
             spent
             a
             great
             part
             of
             the
             night
             ,
             without
             concluding
             anie
             thing
             to
             the
             purpose
             .
          
           
             The
             Emperor
             remained
             at
             Santjago
             ,
             untill
             the
             thursday
             in
             Easter
             week
             ,
             and
             then
             departed
             for
             the
             Groyn
             ,
             where
             hee
             made
             his
             entrance
             on
             Saturday
             following
             .
             Thither
             repaired
             also
             
             the
             Parlament-men
             and
             Commissioners
             to
             conclude
             all
             their
             businesses
             .
             There
             were
             produced
             the
             testimonies
             ,
             supplications
             and
             Acts
             ,
             which
             the
             Regidores
             and
             Council
             of
             Toledo
             had
             made
             concerning
             the
             commanding
             them
             to
             appear
             at
             the
             Court
             ,
             and
             the
             Power
             which
             the
             Citie
             sent
             to
             
               Alonso
               Ortiz
            
             ,
             charging
             him
             to
             do
             all
             the
             diligences
             therein
             expedient
             ,
             which
             hee
             did
             ,
             and
             presented
             himself
             to
             the
             Secretary
             Ramirez
             .
             And
             moreover
             were
             delivered
             the
             second
             Orders
             for
             their
             appearance
             ,
             with
             greater
             penalties
             ,
             which
             had
             bin
             sent
             to
             Toledo
             and
             notified
             to
             the
             gentlemen
             there
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XX.
             
          
           
             BY
             this
             time
             Toledo
             had
             notice
             of
             their
             Commissioner's
             banishment
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             ill
             success
             of
             their
             affairs
             in
             Court
             ,
             which
             ,
             added
             to
             the
             distaste
             those
             Orders
             had
             bred
             in
             them
             ,
             so
             exasperated
             their
             mindes
             that
             their
             passions
             grew
             beyond
             the
             bounds
             of
             moderation
             .
             Som
             were
             seazed
             with
             fear
             ,
             others
             with
             vaporing
             speeches
             carried
             it
             very
             high
             ,
             and
             set
             themselvs
             to
             excite
             the
             People
             against
             the
             Iudges
             ,
             and
             those
             that
             shewed
             themselvs
             desirous
             to
             advance
             their
             Prince's
             service
             ,
             possessing
             them
             that
             this
             was
             for
             the
             publick
             good
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             was
             their
             interests
             and
             profit
             ,
             that
             then
             was
             in
             agitation
             ,
             especially
             
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
               ,
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
               ,
            
             and
             som
             others
             of
             their
             faction
             .
             
             It
             is
             true
             ,
             at
             the
             beginning
             of
             these
             disorders
             ,
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             the
             onely
             
               Bouttefeu
               ,
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
            
             and
             other
             gentlemen
             were
             his
             Abettors
             and
             Promoters
             ,
             who
             added
             fewel
             to
             the
             fire
             ,
             beeing
             persons
             of
             mature
             age
             and
             experience
             and
             had
             acquired
             the
             repute
             of
             wise
             men
             amongst
             the
             Common
             people
             .
             
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             fault
             was
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             young
             ,
             not
             above
             thirtie
             years
             of
             age
             ,
             and
             not
             verie
             readie
             witted
             either
             ,
             but
             good
             natured
             ,
             and
             easie
             to
             bee
             perswaded
             to
             any
             thing
             ,
             they
             would
             put
             him
             upon
             :
             and
             hee
             wanted
             no
             instigation
             from
             these
             gentlemen
             and
             his
             wife
             
             
               Donia
               Maria
               Pacheco
            
             ,
             who
             was
             one
             of
             the
             Kingdome
             's
             firebrands
             .
             They
             possessed
             the
             vulgar
             with
             a
             thousand
             follies
             ,
             and
             lies
             intermingled
             with
             som
             trueths
             .
             That
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             deserted
             the
             Kingdome
             ,
             that
             hee
             left
             Strangers
             to
             govern
             ,
             that
             his
             favorites
             and
             Officers
             had
             robb'd
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             leaving
             the
             Countrie
             lean
             ,
             poor
             and
             dismantled
             of
             all
             it's
             fruits
             and
             wealth
             :
             These
             things
             they
             caused
             to
             bee
             published
             in
             the
             Pulpits
             ,
             And
             to
             the
             end
             they
             might
             the
             better
             communicate
             their
             passion
             ,
             and
             give
             everie
             one
             a
             dose
             of
             this
             infectious
             drug
             ,
             they
             advised
             to
             assemble
             the
             people
             .
             In
             that
             Citie
             there
             is
             a
             great
             Congregation
             or
             fraternitie
             called
             the
             fraternitie
             of
             Charitie
             ,
             which
             used
             every
             year
             to
             make
             a
             Solemn
             Procession
             ;
             upon
             this
             occasion
             there
             was
             one
             ordained
             to
             go
             from
             
               St
               Iusta's
            
             Church
             to
             the
             Cathedral
             .
             Som
             (
             especially
             
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Silva
               ,
               Antonio
               Alvarez
               de
               Toledo
               ,
            
             and
             others
             of
             their
             opinion
             )
             knowing
             to
             what
             end
             this
             Solemnitie
             was
             ordayned
             ,
             highlie
             opposed
             it
             ,
             saying
             that
             ,
             it
             was
             prejudicial
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             was
             onely
             a
             plot
             and
             cunning
             trick
             of
             those
             that
             were
             disaffected
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Hernando
            
             required
             the
             chief
             of
             the
             Congregation
             not
             to
             make
             anie
             such
             tumultuous
             meetings
             (
             under
             color
             of
             devotion
             )
             to
             disturb
             the
             People
             to
             the
             King's
             prejudice
             and
             dishonor
             of
             justice
             ,
             for
             if
             they
             did
             ,
             hee
             with
             his
             friends
             and
             servants
             would
             hinder
             it
             .
             They
             valued
             not
             these
             words
             but
             rejoiced
             that
             
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Silva
            
             did
             appear
             in
             the
             business
             ,
             for
             that
             would
             open
             them
             the
             way
             (
             as
             they
             desired
             )
             to
             augment
             the
             distemper
             of
             the
             People
             ,
             and
             enkindle
             their
             indignation
             .
             And
             it
             fell
             out
             so
             ,
             for
             the
             People
             resenting
             and
             condemning
             highly
             
               Don
               Hernando's
            
             request
             ,
             looked
             on
             him
             as
             an
             enimie
             of
             the
             Countrie
             ,
             and
             as
             one
             that
             did
             not
             onely
             contradict
             and
             hinder
             the
             good
             of
             the
             common
             people
             ;
             But
             also
             the
             most
             sacred
             practices
             of
             devotion
             .
             To
             bee
             short
             ,
             they
             did
             go
             in
             Procession
             and
             in
             the
             Letanie
             they
             praied
             that
             God
             would
             enlighten
             the
             understanding
             and
             direct
             the
             Heart
             of
             the
             Emperor
             well
             and
             piously
             to
             rule
             and
             govern
             those
             Kingdoms
             .
             
               Don
               Hernando
            
             did
             not
             execute
             his
             Intention
             ,
             beeing
             advertised
             to
             the
             contrarie
             by
             the
             
             Governor
             ,
             to
             avoid
             further
             scandal
             .
             In
             the
             Procession
             there
             were
             som
             things
             done
             ,
             more
             then
             needed
             ,
             in
             scorn
             and
             derision
             of
             those
             that
             did
             not
             follow
             that
             opinion
             ,
             and
             much
             murmuring
             against
             them
             .
             Wherewith
             the
             People
             generally
             thence
             forwards
             were
             so
             infected
             ,
             and
             divers
             grew
             so
             audacious
             ,
             that
             justice
             had
             no
             force
             nor
             respect
             among
             them
             .
             The
             disorder
             and
             confusion
             became
             excessive
             ,
             and
             there
             was
             nothing
             in
             the
             Citie
             done
             ,
             for
             the
             most
             part
             ,
             or
             concluded
             in
             Council
             or
             without
             ,
             but
             what
             was
             dictated
             or
             approved
             by
             
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
            
             ,
             and
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             .
             So
             
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Sylva
            
             resolved
             to
             leav
             Toledo
             and
             go
             to
             the
             Emperor
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXI
             .
          
           
             THe
             Emperor
             knew
             all
             this
             ,
             when
             
               Alonso
               Ortiz
            
             petitioned
             concerning
             the
             Orders
             for
             the
             Officers
             of
             Toledo
             to
             appear
             in
             Court
             ,
             and
             Commanded
             to
             bee
             delivered
             the
             Second
             Orders
             ,
             that
             I
             mentioned
             ,
             which
             were
             notified
             .
             
               Iuan
               de
               Padilla
            
             delt
             with
             two
             gentle-men
             (
             his
             kinsmen
             )
             one
             called
             
               Pedro
               de
               Acunia
            
             (
             who
             married
             one
             of
             his
             sisters
             )
             the
             other
             
               Diego
               de
               Merlo
            
             (
             who
             married
             a
             Cousin-german
             of
             his
             )
             both
             powerful
             men
             in
             Toledo
             :
             telling
             them
             ,
             they
             knew
             that
             the
             Emperor
             had
             sent
             for
             him
             and
             other
             gentlemen
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             to
             make
             their
             personal
             appearance
             at
             Court.
             And
             that
             upon
             the
             first
             and
             second
             Orders
             they
             had
             excused
             themselvs
             ,
             but
             the
             third
             Command
             beeing
             com
             ,
             
             they
             could
             not
             bauk
             it
             .
             They
             had
             a
             thought
             ,
             (
             becaus
             they
             would
             not
             have
             their
             not
             obeying
             seem
             to
             bee
             their
             faults
             ,
             but
             rather
             that
             they
             could
             not
             go
             )
             That
             those
             gentlemen
             with
             their
             Allies
             ,
             Abbettors
             ,
             friends
             and
             servants
             ,
             assembling
             together
             should
             make
             a
             kinde
             of
             mutinie
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             apprehending
             them
             should
             detain
             them
             and
             by
             no
             means
             consent
             to
             their
             departure
             ,
             whereof
             having
             certificate
             ,
             they
             might
             send
             it
             to
             the
             Court
             for
             their
             
             defence
             ,
             and
             by
             that
             invention
             bee
             freed
             from
             the
             Penalties
             mentioned
             in
             the
             Orders
             .
             Those
             two
             gentlemen
             
               Pedro
               de
               Acunia
            
             and
             
               Diego
               de
               Merlo
            
             (
             who
             had
             bin
             bred
             at
             Court
             )
             prudently
             considering
             what
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             and
             the
             rest
             of
             his
             Consorts
             demanded
             ,
             told
             them
             ,
             that
             Proposition
             sounded
             not
             well
             in
             their
             ears
             ,
             and
             they
             desired
             to
             bee
             excused
             for
             not
             ingaging
             in
             so
             rash
             and
             unadvised
             an
             enterprise
             .
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             and
             the
             rest
             ,
             perceiving
             there
             was
             no
             hopes
             of
             bringing
             these
             men
             to
             their
             byas
             ,
             went
             and
             agreed
             with
             the
             Fryars
             of
             St
             Augustin
             and
             those
             of
             St
             
               Iuan
               de
               los
               Reyes
            
             ,
             That
             the
             general
             Procession
             beeing
             com
             from
             the
             Cathedral
             Church
             to
             the
             Augustines
             ,
             and
             the
             People
             all
             assembled
             ,
             those
             Fryars
             should
             lay
             hands
             upon
             them
             (
             whom
             his
             Majestie
             had
             commanded
             to
             appear
             in
             Court
             )
             (
             which
             they
             alleadged
             they
             might
             safely
             do
             ,
             in
             regard
             men
             of
             their
             Coat
             had
             nothing
             to
             loos
             ,
             and
             were
             exempt
             besides
             from
             any
             punishment
             the
             King
             could
             iuflict
             upon
             them
             .
             )
             This
             beeing
             agreed
             upon
             ,
             it
             hapned
             that
             going
             in
             the
             
               Procession
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
            
             and
             
               Don
               Francisco
               de
               Herrera
            
             ,
             a
             Canon
             of
             Toledo
             and
             Chaplain
             Major
             of
             the
             King's
             Chappel
             (
             who
             was
             afterwards
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             Granada
             ten
             daies
             onely
             )
             fell
             to
             words
             ;
             which
             occasioned
             so
             great
             a
             nois
             and
             hurly-burly
             amongst
             the
             People
             ,
             that
             to
             pacifie
             them
             the
             former
             agreement
             was
             forgotten
             ,
             So
             their
             design
             took
             no
             effect
             .
             Padilla
             and
             his
             Consorts
             ,
             seeing
             they
             could
             not
             accomplish
             their
             desires
             ,
             That
             the
             Emperor
             departed
             not
             the
             Kingdom
             as
             yet
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             prefixed
             time
             of
             their
             appearance
             at
             Court
             was
             exspired
             ,
             
             fearing
             least
             the
             Governor
             of
             Toledo
             should
             execute
             the
             Penalties
             specified
             in
             the
             Orders
             ,
             or
             apprehend
             them
             and
             send
             them
             to
             Court
             ▪
             They
             resolved
             to
             accost
             certain
             mean
             fellows
             of
             Scandalous
             and
             mutinous
             dispositions
             that
             led
             a
             shifting
             and
             discontented
             life
             about
             the
             Citie
             ,
             The
             chief
             whereof
             were
             one
             called
             Xara
             ,
             and
             a
             Petifogging
             Solliciter
             )
             to
             whom
             they
             promised
             large
             rewards
             ,
             giving
             them
             order
             ,
             with
             the
             rest
             of
             their
             gang
             ,
             to
             seiz
             upon
             them
             .
             These
             Fellows
             knowing
             that
             
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
               ,
            
             and
             the
             rest
             ,
             were
             great
             sticklers
             for
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             that
             particularly
             for
             
             the
             benefit
             of
             that
             Citie
             they
             had
             exposed
             themselvs
             to
             so
             great
             danger
             ,
             They
             thought
             themselvs
             obliged
             to
             countenance
             and
             assist
             them
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             suffer
             them
             to
             go
             out
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             and
             were
             glad
             of
             the
             Emploiment
             ;
             For
             besides
             that
             of
             their
             own
             disposition
             they
             were
             seditious
             ,
             and
             na●urally
             affected
             novelties
             ,
             the
             hope
             of
             recompence
             ,
             and
             seeing
             what
             esteem
             and
             value
             those
             Gentlemen
             set
             upon
             them
             ,
             animated
             them
             with
             a
             desperate
             vain
             courage
             to
             doe
             ,
             as
             followeth
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXII
             .
          
           
             
               HErnando
               de
               Avalos
            
             and
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             seeing
             their
             design
             goe
             forward
             to
             their
             own
             contentments
             ,
             agreed
             to
             make
             a
             shew
             as
             if
             they
             intended
             to
             perform
             the
             Emperror's
             Commands
             ,
             in
             appearing
             at
             Court.
             So
             beeing
             fitted
             for
             the
             journey
             they
             took
             Witnesses
             of
             their
             departure
             ,
             the
             sixteenth
             of
             April
             :
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             no
             sooner
             out
             of
             his
             hous
             ,
             but
             a
             rabble
             of
             forty
             or
             fiftie
             men
             (
             who
             had
             the
             watch-word
             )
             met
             him
             in
             the
             street
             ,
             and
             in
             a
             violent
             tumultuous
             manner
             laying
             hands
             on
             him
             ,
             som
             cryed
             out
             ,
             
               let
               us
               keep
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
               here
               ,
               let
               him
               not
               go
               to
               the
               Court
            
             :
             Others
             ,
             
               let
               us
               never
               consent
               that
               hee
               or
               any
               of
               the
               other
               gentlemen
               should
               go
               out
            
             of
             Toledo
             ;
             for
             that
             would
             bee
             the
             ruine
             of
             the
             Common-People
             ,
             and
             it
             were
             an
             exceeding
             crueltie
             and
             ingratitude
             to
             let
             them
             go
             to
             the
             Court
             to
             suffer
             there
             .
             
             Hereupon
             the
             People
             so
             flocked
             from
             all
             parts
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             that
             in
             very
             short
             time
             they
             exceeded
             the
             number
             of
             six
             thousand
             men
             ;
             most
             of
             them
             beeing
             armed
             ,
             cryed
             out
             with
             loud
             voices
             ,
             
               kill
               kill
               Xeures
               and
               the
               Flemings
               that
               have
               robb'd
               Spain
               ,
               and
               let
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
               ,
               and
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
               (
               the
               Fathers
               and
               Defenders
               of
               this
               Republick
               )
               live
               ,
               let
               them
               live
               :
            
             With
             this
             tumultuous
             nois
             and
             hubbub
             they
             hurried
             away
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             prisoner
             ,
             notwithstanding
             hee
             protested
             and
             required
             them
             (
             with
             a
             cunningly
             framed
             dissimulation
             )
             that
             they
             would
             let
             him
             go
             to
             fulfil
             the
             commands
             hee
             had
             received
             
             from
             his
             Majestie
             .
             Having
             put
             him
             into
             a
             Chappel
             in
             a
             Part
             of
             the
             Cathedral
             Church
             ,
             called
             the
             
               Bishop
               Don
               Pedro
               Tenoma's
            
             Cloister
             ,
             they
             made
             him
             swear
             as
             hee
             was
             a
             gentlman
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             remain
             a
             Prisoner
             in
             that
             Chappel
             ,
             and
             not
             offer
             to
             stir
             out
             of
             it
             without
             leav
             or
             order
             from
             them
             .
             then
             they
             fetched
             
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
               ,
               Gonsalo
               Gaytan
               ,
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Ayala
            
             and
             the
             rest
             ,
             and
             committing
             them
             all
             prisoners
             in
             the
             same
             Chappel
             ,
             they
             set
             guards
             upon
             them
             .
             These
             gentlemen
             made
             protest
             upon
             protest
             against
             that
             detaining
             of
             them
             ,
             whereby
             they
             were
             disenabled
             to
             undertake
             their
             journie
             to
             C●urt
             ,
             and
             perform
             what
             the
             Emperor's
             Orders
             imported
             ,
             but
             they
             were
             very
             glad
             within
             themselvs
             of
             that
             invention
             so
             handsomly
             to
             prevent
             their
             going
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXIII
             .
          
           
             THis
             done
             ,
             the
             same
             Mutineers
             went
             to
             the
             Governor
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Cordoua
            
             ,
             and
             required
             him
             to
             recall
             and
             make
             void
             the
             Notification
             of
             the
             Emperor's
             Orders
             ,
             which
             hee
             had
             made
             to
             those
             gentlemen
             ,
             and
             chiefly
             that
             hee
             would
             command
             them
             ,
             under
             pain
             of
             death
             ,
             not
             to
             obey
             that
             summons
             .
             The
             Governor
             began
             to
             shew
             his
             courage
             ,
             and
             commanded
             a
             Proclamation
             to
             bee
             read
             in
             every
             street
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             all
             retire
             to
             their
             dwellings
             and
             lay
             down
             their
             Armes
             .
             But
             they
             slighted
             his
             autoritie
             and
             in
             stead
             of
             obeying
             ,
             they
             began
             to
             cry
             out
             ,
             som
             
               let
               us
               kill
               him
            
             ,
             others
             
               let
               us
               turn
               him
               and
               all
               his
               Officers
               out
               ,
               and
               choos
               others
               for
               the
               Communalty
               .
            
             Seeing
             himself
             in
             this
             danger
             ,
             and
             possessed
             with
             a
             panick
             fear
             ,
             to
             pleas
             the
             People
             ,
             Hee
             did
             what
             they
             required
             ,
             And
             sent
             immediately
             to
             the
             Gentlemen
             Prisoners
             an
             absolute
             Command
             not
             to
             go
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             but
             remain
             there
             ,
             for
             so
             doing
             would
             bee
             more
             conducing
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             .
             Hereof
             they
             took
             certificates
             ,
             which
             they
             sent
             to
             
               Alonso
               Ortiz
            
             ,
             that
             hee
             might
             present
             them
             to
             his
             Majestie
             in
             their
             defence
             ,
             
             which
             hee
             did
             accordingly
             ,
             and
             spake
             to
             som
             of
             the
             Council
             about
             it
             ,
             believing
             the
             matter
             had
             been
             really
             so
             ,
             and
             urging
             for
             instance
             that
             his
             Majestie
             did
             not
             see
             what
             was
             most
             expedient
             for
             the
             Kingdome
             's
             good
             ,
             as
             they
             desired
             .
             Som
             are
             of
             opinion
             that
             if
             the
             Governor
             of
             Toledo
             had
             Punished
             that
             seditious
             tumult
             in
             stead
             of
             condescending
             to
             their
             desires
             (
             which
             hee
             might
             then
             have
             don
             )
             hee
             had
             prevented
             a
             world
             of
             miserie
             and
             mischief
             ,
             that
             was
             occasioned
             by
             the
             succeeding
             war.
             For
             the
             beginners
             of
             that
             hubbub
             were
             not
             many
             ,
             and
             of
             meanest
             of
             the
             people
             .
             And
             at
             that
             time
             there
             were
             divers
             gentlemen
             in
             Toledo
             ,
             who
             would
             have
             assisted
             him
             in
             the
             suppressing
             of
             them
             ,
             especially
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Sylva
            
             with
             divers
             of
             his
             kindred
             and
             opinion
             ,
             although
             som
             of
             them
             were
             drawn
             the
             other
             way
             .
             The
             Governor's
             timiditie
             and
             want
             of
             resolution
             so
             much
             emboldned
             the
             People
             ,
             that
             they
             seized
             on
             him
             and
             others
             that
             would
             have
             prosecuted
             against
             the
             first
             and
             chief
             instruments
             of
             this
             commotion
             .
             Which
             had
             been
             otherwise
             carried
             if
             the
             Governor
             had
             had
             so
             much
             Spirit
             and
             courage
             as
             hee
             ought
             ,
             but
             that
             was
             so
             little
             ,
             that
             hee
             retired
             himself
             into
             his
             hous
             ,
             where
             hee
             continued
             som
             few
             dayes
             without
             anie
             power
             or
             respect
             ,
             after
             which
             hee
             left
             the
             Citie
             for
             fear
             least
             the
             People
             should
             murther
             him
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXIV
             .
          
           
             
               HErnando
               de
               Avalos
            
             and
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             perceiving
             that
             to
             avoid
             one
             mischief
             they
             had
             fallen
             into
             a
             greater
             ,
             bethought
             themselvs
             that
             (
             in
             respect
             the
             Emperor
             was
             then
             ready
             to
             go
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             to
             excuse
             and
             free
             themselvs
             from
             the
             punishment
             which
             the
             Governor
             (
             though
             hee
             deferred
             it
             )
             was
             to
             inflict
             upon
             them
             )
             It
             would
             bee
             most
             expedient
             for
             their
             purpose
             to
             incite
             the
             whole
             people
             to
             rise
             up
             in
             Arms
             ,
             and
             having
             possessed
             themselvs
             of
             the
             justice
             ,
             the
             Fort
             ,
             and
             the
             bridges
             ,
             to
             defend
             themselvs
             against
             whomsoever
             .
             To
             this
             
             effect
             they
             solicited
             som
             Fryers
             and
             Priests
             to
             declare
             with
             aggravation
             in
             their
             Pulpits
             the
             damages
             and
             miseries
             the
             Kingdom
             then
             suffered
             ,
             That
             no
             Offices
             nor
             Benefices
             of
             value
             were
             bestowed
             upon
             the
             Natives
             ,
             but
             the
             Flemings
             enjoied
             all
             ▪
             That
             no
             places
             of
             Trust
             or
             Honor
             were
             conferred
             upon
             them
             ,
             for
             either
             their's
             or
             their
             Predecessor's
             merits
             or
             services
             ,
             but
             must
             bee
             purchased
             with
             great
             sums
             of
             monie
             .
             Thus
             began
             the
             Priests
             to
             move
             the
             People's
             hearts
             ,
             Commending
             and
             applauding
             much
             what
             they
             had
             don
             ,
             and
             urging
             that
             the
             Kingdom
             was
             tyranised
             over
             :
             That
             the
             Castilians
             were
             debased
             and
             vilified
             .
             That
             they
             should
             bee
             loaded
             with
             new
             taxes
             ,
             That
             every
             head
             of
             Cattle
             should
             pay
             such
             a
             rate
             ,
             and
             every
             hous
             so
             much
             .
             And
             that
             in
             this
             respect
             whosoever
             would
             ingage
             himself
             in
             the
             defence
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             with
             the
             liberties
             and
             freedoms
             thereof
             ,
             should
             purchase
             an
             eternall
             memorie
             .
             Hereupon
             the
             fire
             grew
             so
             violent
             that
             those
             who
             discreetly
             would
             not
             ingage
             in
             these
             combustions
             ,
             for
             fear
             of
             beeing
             murthered
             ,
             were
             enforced
             either
             to
             flie
             from
             the
             Citie
             ,
             or
             confine
             themselvs
             to
             their
             own
             houses
             .
             And
             the
             most
             considerable
             ,
             amongst
             whom
             were
             som
             Regidores
             and
             Iurates
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             took
             refuge
             in
             the
             Fort
             with
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Rivera
            
             ,
             or
             Sylva
             ,
             who
             kept
             it
             at
             his
             own
             charge
             ,
             and
             was
             retired
             thither
             ,
             with
             som
             of
             his
             Kindred
             ,
             Children
             ,
             and
             servants
             .
             Thence
             hee
             sent
             to
             his
             Tenants
             in
             several
             places
             to
             bring
             him
             in
             provisions
             ,
             for
             the
             sodain
             and
             unexspected
             necessitie
             of
             his
             flying
             thither
             did
             not
             permit
             to
             furnish
             himself
             with
             what
             was
             needful
             .
             And
             those
             of
             the
             Communalty
             (
             as
             they
             already
             styled
             themselvs
             )
             which
             was
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             following
             them
             who
             took
             upon
             them
             to
             bee
             the
             most
             wise
             ,
             set
             themselvs
             to
             fortifie
             and
             repair
             the
             wals
             and
             places
             of
             importance
             ,
             fearing
             the
             damage
             they
             might
             receive
             from
             abroad
             (
             for
             within
             they
             feared
             nothing
             )
             and
             possessed
             themselvs
             of
             the
             gates
             and
             Bridges
             which
             were
             under
             
               Don
               Iohn's
            
             command
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XXV
             .
          
           
             THings
             beeing
             in
             this
             condition
             the
             Earl
             of
             
               Palma
               ,
               Don
               Luis
               Puerto
               Carrero
            
             fearing
             the
             mischiefs
             this
             Commotion
             might
             produce
             ,
             sent
             an
             express
             to
             inform
             the
             Emperor
             of
             the
             several
             passages
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             that
             h●e
             might
             sodainly
             provide
             som
             remedy
             .
             In
             this
             interim
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
               ,
               Don
               Alonso
               Suarez
               ,
               Miguel
               de
               Hita
            
             and
             
               Alonso
               Ortiz
            
             were
             com
             again
             all
             to
             Sant●ago
             ,
             and
             although
             som
             gentlemen
             ,
             their
             friends
             had
             counselled
             them
             to
             bee
             gon
             in
             order
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             commands
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             stay
             any
             longer
             about
             the
             Court
             ,
             becaus
             the
             Emperor
             (
             beeing
             already
             incensed
             at
             the
             Audaciousness
             of
             the
             Toledians
             )
             might
             perchance
             command
             them
             to
             bee
             punished
             ,
             as
             believing
             them
             to
             bee
             the
             occasioners
             thereof
             .
             Yet
             they
             still
             continued
             at
             Sant●ago
             without
             fearing
             much
             what
             could
             befal
             them
             .
             The
             Constable
             of
             Castilla
             and
             
               Garci
               Lasso
               de
               la
               Vega
               ,
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso's
            
             brother
             ,
             Seeing
             this
             ,
             earnestly
             desired
             the
             King's
             Soliciter
             (
             who
             was
             resident
             at
             Toledo
             )
             that
             hee
             would
             with
             all
             expedition
             go
             to
             Sant●ago
             ,
             and
             perswade
             them
             to
             depart
             thence
             ,
             becaus
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             had
             but
             five
             dayes
             remaining
             of
             the
             forty
             which
             were
             limited
             him
             to
             retire
             to
             Gibraltar
             .
             The
             Soliciter
             presently
             took
             Post
             for
             Santjago
             ,
             and
             communicated
             to
             them
             what
             the
             Constable
             and
             
               Garci
               Lasso
            
             had
             injoined
             him
             ,
             besides
             hee
             told
             them
             his
             own
             opinion
             and
             how
             rotten
             the
             hearts
             of
             the
             People
             were
             in
             Toledo
             ▪
             Hee
             prevailed
             with
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             ,
             that
             he
             should
             depart
             the
             next
             day
             (
             which
             hee
             did
             )
             .
             Passing
             through
             Zamora
             hee
             declared
             there
             what
             commands
             had
             bin
             layd
             upon
             him
             ,
             which
             troubled
             and
             incensed
             the
             People
             ,
             as
             you
             shall
             see
             hereafter
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XXVI
             .
          
           
             THe
             Common
             People
             of
             Toledo
             beeing
             thus
             distempered
             ,
             they
             determined
             to
             possess
             themselvs
             of
             the
             Fort
             as
             well
             as
             of
             the
             Gates
             and
             bridges
             of
             the
             Citie
             .
             To
             this
             effect
             a
             nois
             was
             spread
             amongst
             them
             that
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Sylva
            
             was
             a
             Traytor
             to
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Communalty
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             was
             fit
             to
             take
             the
             Fort
             from
             him
             and
             turn
             him
             out
             of
             Toledo
             .
             The
             Multitude
             gathered
             together
             to
             assault
             it
             ,
             and
             in
             regard
             during
             the
             Reigns
             of
             the
             Catholick
             Kings
             there
             had
             bin
             so
             much
             peace
             and
             so
             little
             use
             of
             armes
             ,
             all
             Forts
             and
             places
             of
             strength
             were
             very
             ill
             repaired
             ,
             and
             unprovided
             aswel
             of
             arms
             as
             victuals
             .
             
               Don
               Iohn
            
             perceiving
             the
             People's
             fury
             and
             malice
             (
             as
             you
             have
             heard
             )
             fortified
             himself
             the
             best
             hee
             could
             ,
             taking
             into
             the
             Fort
             with
             him
             divers
             gentlemen
             and
             others
             to
             the
             number
             of
             about
             four
             hundred
             ,
             all
             resolved
             to
             defend
             themselvs
             against
             the
             People
             ,
             if
             assailed
             by
             them
             .
             The
             multitude
             perceiving
             this
             ,
             determined
             first
             to
             take
             the
             Gates
             and
             Bridges
             of
             the
             Citie
             ;
             so
             they
             went
             forthwith
             to
             the
             Gate
             of
             Visagra
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             Port
             of
             Cambron
             which
             they
             gained
             without
             resistance
             .
             One
             of
             the
             Iurates
             called
             
               Miguel
               de
               Hita
            
             (
             who
             the●
             was
             joint-Commissioner
             with
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             and
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Suarez
            
             )
             was
             commander
             of
             the
             Bridg
             of
             Alcantara
             ,
             in
             whose
             absence
             his
             Lievtenant
             could
             not
             so
             wel
             defend
             the
             tower
             of
             the
             bridg
             but
             that
             in
             short
             time
             they
             were
             masters
             of
             it
             .
             Thence
             they
             went
             to
             St
             
               Martin's
               Bridg
            
             ,
             whereof
             was
             Commander
             
               Clement
               de
               Aguayo
            
             a
             man
             of
             great
             courage
             ,
             and
             hee
             had
             provided
             himself
             with
             som
             friends
             and
             servants
             to
             help
             him
             ,
             they
             assaulted
             him
             desperately
             ,
             and
             hee
             with
             no
             less
             resolution
             defended
             himself
             ,
             until
             by
             meer
             strength
             they
             forced
             an
             entrance
             into
             the
             first
             Tower
             of
             the
             Bridg
             on
             that
             side
             towards
             the
             Citie
             ,
             
             for
             such
             infinites
             of
             Common
             People
             and
             gentry
             flocked
             thither
             (
             many
             thinking
             that
             rising
             to
             bee
             upon
             better
             grounds
             and
             
             with
             a
             better
             intention
             then
             afterwards
             it
             appeared
             )
             and
             the
             boyes
             flowed
             in
             such
             multitudes
             thither
             ,
             that
             with
             brick-bats
             and
             stones
             from
             an
             eminent
             place
             neer
             t●ey
             made
             them
             quit
             the
             top
             of
             the
             Tower.
             The
             assault
             beeing
             thus
             hot
             from
             several
             parts
             ,
             at
             last
             they
             made
             breaches
             and
             entred
             with
             such
             fury
             ,
             that
             taking
             the
             Commander
             they
             wounded
             him
             sorely
             in
             two
             places
             and
             threatned
             to
             hang
             him
             ,
             if
             hee
             would
             not
             send
             to
             command
             the
             other
             tower
             of
             the
             bridg
             towards
             the
             fields
             to
             bee
             surrendred
             to
             them
             ;
             but
             hee
             couragiously
             putting
             his
             life
             to
             the
             venture
             would
             send
             no
             such
             Order
             .
             Hee
             beeing
             secured
             they
             fell
             desperately
             upon
             the
             other
             tower
             ,
             but
             they
             within
             seeing
             the
             success
             of
             the
             former
             and
             their
             Commander
             taken
             ,
             had
             not
             the
             courage
             to
             stand
             out
             ,
             but
             delivered
             it
             immediately
             to
             the
             Citie
             ,
             Thus
             they
             got
             all
             the
             bridges
             and
             Gates
             into
             their
             own
             hands
             .
             Thence
             they
             marched
             in
             very
             great
             numbers
             (
             All
             armed
             )
             to
             the
             Fort
             ,
             resolving
             to
             take
             it
             by
             assault
             if
             it
             were
             not
             sodainly
             surrendred
             to
             them
             .
             Som
             religious
             men
             grieving
             much
             at
             the
             mischiefs
             and
             death
             of
             divers
             persons
             which
             must
             needs
             ensue
             so
             violent
             an
             assayling
             ,
             became
             mediators
             betwixt
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Sylva
            
             (
             who
             defended
             the
             Fort
             )
             and
             the
             better
             sort
             of
             those
             that
             came
             against
             it
             :
             This
             treaty
             continued
             a
             good
             while
             ;
             at
             length
             
               Don
               Iohn
            
             seeing
             divers
             of
             his
             neer
             kinsmen
             against
             him
             ,
             his
             friends
             and
             Allies
             ,
             and
             considering
             that
             hee
             wanted
             provisions
             to
             make
             anie
             long
             resistance
             ,
             to
             avoid
             the
             damages
             his
             standing
             out
             might
             have
             occasioned
             ,
             suffered
             himself
             to
             bee
             perswaded
             to
             deliver
             up
             the
             Fort
             ,
             upon
             condition
             that
             one
             of
             his
             own
             servants
             should
             remain
             as
             Commander
             having
             first
             taken
             the
             Oath
             of
             fealty
             .
             Thus
             on
             Saturday
             21
             of
             April
             
               Don
               Iohn
            
             and
             his
             Children
             with
             the
             other
             gentlemen
             and
             friends
             that
             were
             retired
             thither
             ,
             came
             out
             of
             the
             Fort
             ,
             and
             went
             to
             a
             village
             of
             his
             four
             leagues
             thence
             ,
             from
             which
             place
             hee
             wrote
             again
             to
             the
             Emperor
             informing
             him
             how
             the
             People
             had
             taken
             the
             Fort
             from
             him
             ,
             and
             possessed
             themselvs
             of
             all
             the
             Gates
             and
             Bridges
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             which
             news
             incensed
             his
             Majestie
             very
             much
             ,
             yet
             hee
             did
             not
             resolve
             to
             send
             any
             
             Souldiery
             thither
             ,
             becaus
             every
             one
             told
             him
             that
             beeing
             a
             business
             of
             no
             foundation
             ,
             it
             must
             needs
             fall
             again
             of
             it self
             .
             All
             this
             passed
             before
             the
             Governor
             went
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             or
             gave
             up
             his
             Staff.
             So
             all
             the
             Common
             People
             ,
             conducted
             by
             their
             Chiefs
             ,
             went
             next
             unto
             his
             hous
             and
             made
             him
             swear
             that
             hee
             should
             hold
             his
             staff
             ,
             or
             acknowledg
             his
             autoritie
             and
             Office
             as
             from
             the
             Communalty
             of
             Toledo
             .
             Hee
             beeing
             affrighted
             with
             this
             tumult
             ,
             condescended
             to
             what
             they
             would
             have
             him
             do
             ;
             the
             People
             soon
             after
             broke
             out
             ,
             and
             did
             what
             they
             listed
             ,
             seeing
             him
             so
             helpless
             and
             so
             void
             of
             resolution
             .
             The
             Citie
             thus
             wanting
             both
             Governor
             and
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Sylva
            
             ,
             Those
             of
             the
             Communaltie
             became
             freemen
             and
             Lords
             of
             all
             ,
             They
             constituted
             Deputies
             ,
             and
             began
             to
             settle
             a
             form
             of
             government
             at
             their
             own
             pleasures
             ,
             Saying
             they
             did
             it
             in
             the
             name
             of
             the
             
               King
               ,
               Queen
            
             and
             Communaltie
             .
             In
             this
             manner
             began
             the
             great
             troubles
             and
             commotions
             of
             Toledo
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             ▪
             XXVII
             .
          
           
             
               DOn
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             arrived
             at
             a
             village
             of
             his
             ,
             called
             Cueua
             ,
             in
             his
             way
             to
             Gibraltar
             ,
             whither
             hee
             intended
             to
             go
             like
             a
             good
             and
             Loial
             Subject
             in
             obedience
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Command
             ,
             although
             the
             fortie
             dayes
             (
             hee
             was
             limited
             )
             were
             expired
             .
             But
             Toledo
             having
             notice
             of
             his
             beeing
             there
             ,
             They
             sent
             to
             desire
             him
             to
             return
             to
             the
             Citie
             .
             Hee
             would
             have
             excused
             himself
             ,
             Saying
             that
             hee
             was
             to
             repair
             to
             Gibraltar
             in
             Order
             to
             that
             which
             the
             Emperor
             had
             commanded
             .
             whereupon
             they
             ordered
             a
             party
             of
             Hors
             to
             seiz
             upon
             him
             and
             bring
             him
             thither
             ,
             Hee
             not
             beeing
             able
             to
             withstand
             them
             ,
             went
             (
             though
             seemingly
             )
             against
             his
             will
             ,
             and
             got
             privately
             into
             his
             own
             hous
             ,
             but
             could
             not
             keep
             himself
             long
             concealed
             ,
             for
             the
             People
             gathering
             presently
             together
             went
             to
             his
             hous
             ,
             and
             forcing
             him
             to
             com
             forth
             ,
             carried
             him
             to
             the
             Church
             .
             Hee
             rode
             on
             horsback
             and
             the
             People
             went
             on
             foot
             by
             him
             
             with
             great
             acclamations
             of
             joie
             applauding
             and
             extolling
             the
             Valor
             and
             resolution
             hee
             had
             shewen
             in
             their
             behalfs
             (
             for
             indeed
             at
             that
             time
             Hee
             was
             beloved
             and
             highly
             esteemed
             not
             onely
             of
             that
             People
             ,
             but
             of
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             )
             ▪
             This
             favor
             and
             honor
             which
             everie
             one
             did
             him
             made
             him
             not
             reflect
             so
             soon
             upon
             his
             Error
             .
             For
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             was
             a
             very
             sweet
             dispositioned
             gentleman
             without
             malice
             ,
             and
             ,
             besides
             his
             good
             natur●
             ,
             a
             great
             friend
             to
             justice
             and
             the
             weal
             of
             his
             country
             ,
             and
             therefore
             hee
             ingaged
             so
             far
             in
             those
             first
             broils
             .
             Whosoever
             knew
             what
             hee
             was
             ,
             will
             acknowledg
             all
             this
             ,
             for
             the
             noble
             bloud
             that
             ran
             in
             his
             veins
             would
             not
             suffer
             him
             to
             degenerate
             from
             his
             Ancestor's
             generositie
             ,
             who
             were
             of
             the
             Grandees
             of
             Spain
             ,
             Hee
             beeing
             son
             to
             
               Don
               Garci
               Lasso
               de
               la
               Vega
               ,
               Comendador
               mayor
               de
               Leon
               ,
            
             (
             one
             of
             the
             most
             renowned
             gentlemen
             that
             were
             in
             the
             times
             of
             the
             Catholick
             Kings
             )
             ;
             
             
               Sa●cha
               de
               Guzman
            
             Ladie
             of
             Batres
             ,
             descended
             from
             that
             most
             illustrious
             familie
             of
             the
             Guzmans
             of
             Leon
             ,
             was
             his
             mother
             .
             Hee
             was
             nephew
             to
             
               Don
               Gomez
               Xuarez
               de
               Figueroa
            
             Father
             to
             the
             first
             Earl
             of
             Feria
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             Lady
             
               Eluina
               Lasso
               de
               la
               Vega
            
             ,
             sister
             to
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Santillana
             ,
             which
             two
             houses
             Vega
             and
             Mendosa
             ,
             were
             of
             the
             most
             Illustrious
             families
             of
             all
             Spain
             .
             This
             was
             his
             extraction
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             to
             bee
             expected
             that
             his
             thoughts
             and
             desires
             to
             serv
             his
             Prince
             should
             bee
             correspondent
             ,
             as
             the
             Emperor
             and
             his
             son
             
               King
               Philip
            
             had
             good
             experience
             of
             afterwards
             .
             Who
             in
             times
             very
             troublesom
             (
             when
             they
             had
             need
             of
             men
             of
             resolution
             and
             loialty
             )
             sent
             
               Garci
               Lasso
               ,
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso's
            
             son
             ,
             their
             Embassador
             to
             Paul
             the
             fourth
             about
             businesses
             of
             very
             high
             consequence
             and
             great
             difficulty
             .
             I
             finde
             my self
             obliged
             to
             this
             digression
             for
             the
             honor
             of
             so
             noble
             a
             person
             ,
             It
             beeing
             no
             less
             then
             my
             dutie
             not
             to
             suffer
             such
             eminent
             virtues
             to
             bee
             buried
             in
             Oblivion
             ,
             although
             it
             doth
             somwhat
             hinder
             the
             Story
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XXVIII
             .
          
           
             IT
             was
             generally
             voted
             by
             the
             Communalty
             of
             Toledo
             (
             which
             already
             gave
             themselvs
             the
             attribute
             of
             Holie
             )
             for
             further
             security
             of
             their
             place
             and
             persons
             ,
             That
             it
             was
             expedient
             to
             turn
             the
             Governor
             and
             all
             his
             Officers
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             notwithstanding
             hee
             had
             taken
             an
             Oath
             to
             Officiate
             for
             them
             .
             For
             the
             better
             effecting
             whereof
             they
             raised
             a
             mutinie
             pretending
             to
             kill
             him
             ,
             and
             to
             take
             away
             the
             staves
             from
             Him
             ,
             his
             Lievtenant
             and
             other
             Officers
             ,
             who
             presently
             delivered
             them
             for
             fear
             of
             their
             lives
             .
             The
             Governor
             ,
             the
             Lord
             chief
             Justice
             and
             the
             High
             Sheriff
             ,
             fled
             to
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso's
            
             hous
             for
             refuge
             ,
             where
             hee
             secured
             them
             ,
             and
             
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
            
             with
             som
             other
             gentlemen
             :
             The
             tumult
             of
             the
             Common
             People
             beeing
             appeased
             ,
             they
             were
             conducted
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             on
             foot
             ,
             then
             they
             took
             hors
             and
             rode
             to
             
               Alcala
               de
               Henares
            
             .
             Whence
             the
             Governor
             sent
             one
             of
             his
             Officers
             ,
             named
             
               Don
               Pedro
               del
               Castillo
            
             ,
             to
             inform
             the
             Emperor
             of
             these
             passages
             in
             Toledo
             .
             The
             Citie
             set
             guards
             at
             all
             their
             gates
             and
             Avenues
             ,
             that
             no
             body
             should
             go
             out
             to
             give
             notice
             of
             their
             proceedings
             ,
             nor
             anie
             one
             com
             in
             without
             beeing
             examined
             who
             hee
             was
             ,
             whence
             hee
             came
             and
             what
             letters
             hee
             brought
             .
             All
             this
             was
             done
             by
             the
             general
             command
             and
             consent
             of
             all
             the
             gentlemen
             that
             assisted
             in
             this
             insurrection
             of
             the
             Common
             People
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             Fryers
             and
             Priests
             ,
             excepting
             som
             few
             who
             absented
             and
             withdrew
             themselvs
             ,
             though
             with
             danger
             of
             their
             lives
             .
             The
             Order
             they
             kept
             to
             conform
             themselvs
             in
             these
             disorders
             ,
             was
             ,
             That
             every
             time
             they
             were
             to
             treat
             of
             anie
             business
             ,
             the
             inhabitants
             of
             every
             perticular
             parish
             were
             to
             assemble
             ,
             and
             two
             publick
             Notaries
             with
             them
             ,
             before
             whom
             every
             man
             ,
             how
             mean
             soever
             ,
             was
             to
             sit
             down
             and
             declare
             his
             opinion
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XXIX
             .
          
           
             THe
             8th
             of
             Maie
             in
             the
             same
             year
             was
             published
             at
             the
             Groyn
             this
             rising
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             som
             were
             glad
             of
             it
             ,
             others
             sorry
             ,
             every
             one
             according
             as
             hee
             stood
             affected
             .
             Som
             advised
             the
             Emperor
             to
             take
             post
             and
             go
             to
             Toledo
             ,
             and
             inflict
             som
             exemplarie
             punishment
             upon
             the
             principal
             delinquents
             ,
             which
             might
             bee
             a
             means
             to
             keep
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             in
             subjection
             .
             The
             Emperor
             beeing
             young
             and
             full
             of
             Spirit
             approved
             of
             that
             counsel
             ,
             but
             
               Monsieur
               de
               Xeures
            
             disswaded
             him
             ,
             fearing
             greater
             disorders
             if
             hee
             went
             thither
             ,
             and
             knowing
             the
             strength
             and
             scituation
             of
             that
             Citie
             ,
             besides
             considering
             the
             heat
             of
             the
             people's
             fury
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             mischief
             would
             bee
             greater
             ,
             if
             they
             had
             the
             impudence
             to
             affront
             him
             in
             Person
             ,
             as
             it
             was
             probable
             they
             would
             ,
             fearing
             to
             bee
             punished
             for
             what
             they
             had
             don
             already
             ;
             That
             their
             fury
             beeing
             most
             violent
             in
             the
             beginning
             (
             which
             time
             alone
             could
             mitigate
             and
             appeas
             )
             their
             first
             impetuosity
             would
             soon
             bee
             over
             ,
             as
             most
             commonly
             it
             is
             observed
             in
             such
             commotions
             ,
             which
             kindled
             with
             a
             little
             fire
             and
             without
             any
             grounds
             ,
             are
             allayed
             again
             with
             as
             little
             water
             .
             Besides
             all
             these
             allegations
             Xeures
             had
             a
             longing
             desire
             to
             bee
             in
             his
             own
             Country
             ,
             verifying
             in
             that
             this
             saying
             ,
             That
             wheresoever
             the
             Treasure
             is
             ,
             there
             is
             the
             heart
             also
             .
             Moreover
             the
             Emperor
             had
             a
             particular
             necessitie
             ,
             for
             a
             thousand
             reasons
             which
             neerly
             concerned
             the
             reputat●on
             of
             his
             person
             ,
             not
             to
             defer
             his
             departure
             ,
             but
             rather
             to
             hasten
             it
             all
             hee
             could
             ,
             beeing
             exceedingly
             urged
             by
             the
             
               Princes
               Electors
            
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             might
             not
             give
             his
             enemies
             anie
             time
             to
             hinder
             the
             Election
             of
             the
             Empire
             ,
             the
             King
             of
             England
             beeing
             then
             likewise
             in
             expectation
             of
             som
             interest
             therein
             .
             And
             besides
             it
             was
             of
             no
             small
             consequence
             for
             him
             to
             bee
             gon
             ,
             before
             the
             King
             of
             France
             was
             joined
             with
             the
             
               King
               of
               England
            
             ,
             who
             were
             reported
             to
             meet
             the
             first
             of
             Iune
             at
             Calis
             .
             These
             considerations
             
             setled
             the
             Emperor's
             determination
             of
             going
             into
             Germanie
             ,
             his
             Council
             supposing
             that
             the
             business
             of
             Toledo
             would
             go
             no
             further
             ,
             no
             body
             imagining
             what
             afterwards
             did
             ensue
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXX
             .
          
           
             THings
             beeing
             in
             the
             condition
             I
             have
             declared
             ,
             The
             Commissioners
             of
             Toledo
             never
             came
             to
             the
             Parlament
             ,
             which
             was
             concluded
             by
             them
             that
             were
             there
             ,
             who
             granted
             his
             Majestie
             the
             subsidie
             hee
             desired
             ,
             which
             was
             two
             hundred
             Millions
             of
             Marauediz
             to
             bee
             payd
             in
             three
             years
             ,
             whereunto
             som
             would
             not
             consent
             ,
             and
             those
             that
             did
             had
             trouble
             and
             displeasure
             enough
             from
             their
             Cities
             for
             it
             .
             
               Salamanca
               ,
               Toro
               ,
               Madrid
               ,
               Murcia
               ,
               Cordoua
               ,
            
             and
             Toledo
             opposed
             ,
             whose
             Commi●sioners
             had
             no
             hand
             in
             the
             granting
             it
             ,
             neither
             came
             they
             into
             the
             Parlament-hous
             ;
             One
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             Leon
             refused
             it
             ,
             the
             other
             consented
             .
             Of
             those
             that
             did
             allow
             it
             ,
             som
             were
             induced
             thereto
             by
             their
             own
             particular
             interests
             ,
             few
             out
             of
             zeal
             or
             affection
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             .
             The
             Emperor
             beeing
             ready
             to
             depart
             ,
             onely
             staying
             for
             a
             winde
             ,
             and
             his
             desire
             granted
             for
             matter
             of
             subsidie
             (
             although
             som
             of
             his
             Council
             were
             of
             opinion
             that
             hee
             should
             not
             receiv
             it
             ,
             as
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Telles
            
             ,
             Lord
             of
             
               La
               Puebla
               de
               Montalvan
            
             ,
             Bishop
             Mota
             and
             
               Francisco
               de
               Vargas
            
             )
             His
             Majestie
             sent
             for
             those
             Grandees
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             that
             were
             then
             there
             ,
             who
             were
             
               Don
               Diego
               Lopez
               de
               Pacheco
            
             Marquis
             of
             
               Villena
               ,
               Don
               Inigo
               de
               Velasco
            
             Constable
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             the
             Duke
             of
             Alburquerque
             ,
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Medina
               Celi
            
             ,
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Astorga
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Lemos
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Monterrey
             ,
             and
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             then
             present
             ,
             to
             whom
             hee
             sayd
             hee
             was
             then
             ready
             to
             depart
             ,
             beeing
             neerly
             concerned
             in
             the
             election
             of
             the
             Empire
             ,
             and
             that
             ,
             God
             willing
             ,
             hee
             would
             sodainly
             return
             ,
             In
             mean
             time
             hee
             left
             governor
             of
             those
             Kingdomes
             the
             
               Cardinal
               Adriano
            
             Bishop
             of
             Tortosa
             one
             of
             his
             Council
             ,
             who
             was
             a
             person
             eminent
             for
             his
             learning
             
             and
             good
             conscience
             ,
             and
             hee
             required
             and
             commanded
             them
             to
             assist
             and
             favor
             him
             that
             his
             Kingdomes
             might
             bee
             well
             governed
             .
             The
             major
             part
             of
             these
             gentlemen
             disliked
             this
             motion
             for
             som
             reasons
             ,
             whereof
             one
             was
             that
             the
             Cardinal
             was
             a
             stranger
             ,
             but
             som
             approving
             it
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             took
             no
             notice
             of
             the
             opposers
             ,
             neither
             did
             hee
             admit
             of
             any
             replies
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXI
             .
          
           
             THe
             Emperor
             being
             at
             the
             Groyn
             divers
             requests
             were
             made
             to
             him
             in
             the
             Kingdom●s
             name
             ,
             as
             followeth
             ,
             That
             his
             Majestie
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             return
             speedily
             into
             those
             Kingdomes
             and
             govern
             them
             in
             his
             own
             person
             ,
             as
             his
             predecessors
             had
             done
             .
             For
             nothing
             that
             they
             could
             ask
             him
             would
             bee
             so
             satisfactor●e
             and
             acceptable
             to
             those
             Kingdoms
             as
             his
             safe
             and
             speedy
             return
             ,
             in
             regard
             Spain
             was
             not
             accustomed
             to
             bee
             without
             their
             King
             ,
             neither
             could
             they
             bee
             governed
             by
             any
             other
             with
             the
             peace
             and
             quiet
             which
             is
             necessary
             and
             expedient
             .
             That
             assoon
             as
             hee
             should
             com
             back
             hee
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             marry
             for
             the
             universal
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             that
             they
             might
             have
             the
             seed
             of
             his
             Roial
             Person
             to
             succeed
             him
             ,
             in
             regard
             his
             age
             did
             require
             it
             .
             That
             the
             Queen's
             Court
             might
             bee
             put
             into
             such
             order
             as
             was
             suitable
             to
             the
             dignitie
             of
             Her
             Roial
             Person
             and
             the
             honor
             of
             those
             Kingdoms
             .
             That
             Shee
             might
             have
             Officers
             of
             trust
             about
             her
             ,
             who
             should
             bee
             well
             treated
             and
             incouraged
             with
             good
             rewards
             .
             That
             at
             his
             return
             hee
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             bring
             with
             him
             no
             
               Flemings
               ,
               French
            
             ,
             or
             other
             strangers
             ,
             to
             have
             any
             Office
             of
             importance
             in
             those
             Kingdoms
             ,
             but
             that
             hee
             would
             advance
             and
             employ
             the
             natives
             of
             that
             Country
             who
             would
             serv
             him
             with
             much
             loyaltie
             and
             affection
             .
             That
             those
             Kingdoms
             
             beeing
             at
             Peace
             and
             under
             his
             Majestie
             's
             subjection
             ,
             hee
             would
             not
             bring
             anie
             souldiers
             of
             Forreign
             Countries
             for
             defence
             thereof
             ,
             or
             to
             bee
             guards
             of
             his
             own
             person
             .
             Alleadging
             that
             in
             that
             Countrie
             the
             People
             beeing
             very
             warlike
             and
             of
             courage
             enough
             to
             conquer
             other
             Nations
             ,
             what
             might
             they
             think
             could
             bee
             the
             reason
             ,
             but
             his
             distrust
             of
             them
             ,
             if
             hee
             should
             take
             strangers
             for
             his
             guard
             .
             That
             Hee
             would
             govern
             and
             settle
             his
             hous
             in
             such
             order
             as
             the
             Catholick
             Kings
             his
             forefathers
             ,
             and
             other
             Kings
             his
             Predecessors
             had
             done
             .
             That
             no
             wages
             or
             pensions
             should
             bee
             given
             to
             the
             Wives
             or
             Children
             of
             anie
             Courtiers
             that
             were
             not
             in
             service
             ,
             unless
             in
             acknowledgment
             and
             recompence
             of
             services
             done
             by
             the
             Father
             deceased
             ,
             hee
             would
             gratifie
             the
             surviving
             Children
             .
             That
             in
             regard
             there
             were
             many
             superfluous
             Offices
             added
             in
             the
             Queen's
             houshould
             ,
             which
             were
             not
             of
             former
             times
             ,
             they
             should
             bee
             all
             taken
             away
             again
             ,
             and
             no
             Salaries
             allowed
             for
             them
             .
             That
             no
             Grandee
             should
             have
             anie
             office
             in
             the
             King
             's
             or
             Queen's
             houshould
             as
             in
             relation
             to
             the
             Exchequer
             or
             Treasurie
             .
             That
             whilest
             his
             Majestie
             was
             absent
             the
             Salaries
             of
             his
             Domesticks
             should
             bee
             payed
             out
             of
             his
             own
             Revenue
             .
             That
             the
             Governors
             they
             were
             to
             have
             during
             his
             absence
             might
             bee
             Natives
             of
             either
             of
             those
             Kingdomes
             of
             Castilla
             or
             
               Leon.
               That
            
             such
             Governors
             might
             have
             pow●er
             to
             confer
             anie
             Offices
             or
             dignities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             except
             ,
             
               Bishopricks
               ,
               Lievtenantships
            
             ,
             and
             Commanderies
             of
             Orders
             .
             That
             neither
             the
             King
             nor
             anie
             Noblemen
             should
             give
             billets
             for
             lodging
             ,
             and
             in
             case
             they
             did
             that
             the
             People
             should
             not
             bee
             obliged
             to
             reciev
             them
             unless
             they
             listed
             .
             But
             when
             his
             Majestie
             goeth
             his
             progress
             ,
             That
             there
             should
             bee
             lodgings
             and
             furniture
             provided
             for
             his
             familie
             and
             Court
             gratis
             ,
             so
             that
             hee
             make
             no
             longer
             stay
             then
             fifteen
             dayes
             in
             a
             place
             ,
             if
             more
             ,
             afterwards
             hee
             should
             pay
             ;
             And
             that
             his
             guard
             and
             Souldiery
             bee
             lodged
             and
             quartered
             according
             to
             the
             usual
             manner
             .
             That
             there
             should
             bee
             one
             hundred
             lodgings
             and
             no
             more
             provided
             
             for
             his
             Majestie
             's
             familie
             at
             the
             Charge
             of
             the
             Place
             where
             hee
             shall
             stay
             .
             That
             there
             should
             bee
             no
             lodging
             allowed
             for
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             Judges
             ,
             nor
             anie
             such
             like
             Officers
             .
             That
             the
             King
             should
             not
             give
             general
             or
             particular
             billets
             for
             the
             lodging
             of
             anie
             .
             That
             the
             taxes
             and
             impositions
             should
             bee
             reduced
             to
             a
             certain
             number
             ,
             and
             the
             Pole-monie
             set
             at
             a
             just
             and
             moderate
             rate
             ,
             whereby
             the
             People
             might
             perceiv
             the
             grace
             and
             favor
             his
             Majestie
             did
             them
             .
             That
             the
             subsidies
             granted
             by
             the
             Commissioners
             at
             the
             Groyn
             ,
             should
             not
             bee
             received
             nor
             demanded
             ,
             neither
             should
             there
             bee
             anie
             ●ew
             taxes
             or
             extraordinary
             tribute
             imposed
             upon
             the
             Kingdome
             without
             som
             evident
             necessitie
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             were
             thought
             requisite
             for
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             and
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             .
             That
             the
             King
             should
             not
             ●end
             any
             instructions
             to
             the
             Cities
             ,
             or
             form
             of
             granting
             Powers
             ,
             nor
             nominate
             any
             particular
             men
             for
             Officers
             :
             but
             that
             the
             Cities
             and
             towns
             should
             have
             the
             freedom
             and
             libertie
             to
             bestow
             and
             confer
             their
             Powers
             upon
             such
             men
             as
             they
             should
             finde
             zealous
             for
             the
             good
             of
             their
             Republicks
             .
             That
             the
             Commissioners
             in
             Parlament
             should
             have
             the
             libertie
             to
             meet
             when
             and
             where
             they
             pleased
             ,
             and
             to
             discours
             and
             confer
             freely
             with
             one
             another
             .
             That
             such
             Commissioners
             during
             their
             emploiment
             ,
             should
             not
             receiv
             of
             the
             King
             anie
             Office
             ,
             favor
             or
             gift
             whatsoever
             ,
             for
             themselvs
             ,
             their
             Wives
             ,
             Children
             or
             kindred
             ,
             under
             pain
             of
             death
             and
             confiscation
             of
             goods
             ,
             and
             that
             those
             goods
             should
             bee
             employed
             for
             the
             publick
             reparations
             of
             the
             Citie
             or
             Town
             whereof
             they
             were
             Commissioners
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             that
             they
             should
             bee
             the
             more
             careful
             to
             do
             onely
             that
             which
             was
             most
             expedient
             for
             the
             glory
             of
             God
             ,
             the
             service
             of
             his
             Majestie
             and
             good
             of
             the
             
               Kingdom
               .
               That
            
             everie
             Commissioner
             or
             Burgess
             should
             have
             a
             competent
             allowance
             from
             the
             place
             whose
             persons
             they
             represented
             .
             That
             the
             Parlament
             beeing
             ended
             ,
             the
             several
             Commissioners
             should
             return
             within
             forty
             dayes
             to
             give
             account
             of
             what
             they
             had
             done
             under
             pain
             of
             losing
             their
             wages
             and
             emploiment
             .
             That
             no
             gold
             or
             Silver
             ,
             coyned
             or
             to
             bee
             coyned
             ,
             should
             bee
             transported
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             under
             pain
             of
             
             death
             ;
             In
             regard
             the
             contrary
             having
             been
             done
             the
             Kingdomes
             were
             impoverished
             and
             destroied
             .
             That
             there
             should
             bee
             monie
             coyned
             differing
             as
             well
             in
             value
             as
             stamp
             from
             that
             of
             the
             neighboring
             Countries
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             should
             bee
             of
             a
             base
             alloy
             two
             Carats
             under
             the
             rate
             of
             the
             finest
             gold
             .
             That
             in
             Weight
             and
             value
             it
             should
             bee
             answerable
             to
             the
             Crowns
             of
             Gold
             which
             are
             coyned
             in
             France
             :
             Becaus
             that
             would
             bee
             a
             means
             that
             it
             should
             not
             bee
             transported
             .
             Manie
             other
             artickles
             were
             given
             in
             touching
             gold
             and
             silver
             ,
             the
             particular
             favors
             and
             rewards
             of
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             other
             matters
             of
             justice
             :
             But
             that
             which
             they
             insisted
             most
             upon
             was
             ,
             that
             the
             Councils
             should
             bee
             strictly
             looked
             to
             .
             That
             the
             Chancery
             and
             other
             Courts
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             should
             bee
             visited
             or
             reviewed
             from
             six
             to
             six
             years
             ,
             and
             that
             all
             suits
             should
             bee
             dispatched
             in
             order
             ,
             and
             determined
             whithin
             a
             certain
             time
             without
             any
             delay
             .
             That
             there
             should
             bee
             no
             appealing
             from
             Court
             to
             Court
             ,
             but
             that
             each
             case
             should
             bee
             decided
             at
             it's
             own
             Tribunal
             .
             That
             no
             Counsellor
             or
             other
             whosoever
             should
             enjoie
             two
             offices
             ,
             but
             should
             apply
             himself
             to
             one
             onely
             .
             These
             and
             manie
             other
             things
             the
             Nobles
             and
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             desired
             ,
             but
             they
             fell
             into
             the
             hands
             of
             Strangers
             ,
             the
             King
             beeing
             young
             and
             full
             of
             thoughts
             of
             his
             Voiage
             and
             possession
             of
             his
             Empire
             ;
             So
             they
             remained
             .
             And
             in
             regard
             these
             and
             other
             such
             like
             propositions
             were
             slighted
             and
             layd
             aside
             (
             though
             presented
             with
             much
             zeal
             and
             affection
             )
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             burst
             out
             ,
             and
             slipping
             in
             one
             ,
             they
             fell
             into
             the
             Precipice
             of
             manie
             inconveniences
             ,
             (
             as
             it
             is
             commonly
             seen
             )
             .
             They
             desired
             one
             thing
             ,
             verie
             Holie
             ,
             in
             the
             Chapter
             concerning
             Ecclesiastical
             dignities
             and
             pensions
             ,
             That
             they
             should
             not
             bee
             conferred
             upon
             strangers
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             acts
             of
             Naturalization
             which
             had
             been
             made
             should
             bee
             revoked
             .
             That
             in
             the
             Ecclesiastical
             Courts
             there
             should
             bee
             no
             more
             duties
             payed
             ,
             then
             in
             the
             secular
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             should
             observ
             the
             same
             Statute
             .
             (
             Which
             I
             would
             it
             were
             well
             seen
             unto
             in
             these
             times
             .
             )
             There
             were
             likewise
             som
             complaints
             and
             Petitions
             given
             in
             against
             
               Pedrarias
               de
               Avila
            
             ,
             a
             gentleman
             of
             good
             
             note
             and
             quality
             (
             brother
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             
               Punio
               en
               Rostro
            
             )
             and
             who
             had
             done
             great
             services
             ;
             yet
             hee
             was
             accused
             by
             som
             of
             his
             enemies
             and
             charged
             for
             having
             put
             manie
             to
             death
             unjustly
             at
             the
             discoverie
             of
             the
             Indies
             ,
             and
             committed
             divers
             Robberies
             and
             Tyrannies
             .
             There
             were
             seaven
             consultations
             hereupon
             ,
             and
             Pedrarias
             was
             quitted
             by
             them
             all
             ;
             and
             the
             Emperor
             himself
             (
             taking
             particular
             notice
             of
             the
             services
             which
             hee
             had
             done
             at
             Oran
             in
             Africa
             ,
             and
             the
             taking
             of
             Buxia
             ,
             besides
             other
             places
             in
             the
             Indies
             )
             freed
             him
             notwithstanding
             these
             fals
             and
             passionate
             accusations
             ,
             and
             confirmed
             him
             in
             the
             government
             and
             charge
             which
             formerly
             had
             been
             conferred
             upon
             him
             ,
             and
             gave
             him
             som
             rewards
             besides
             .
             But
             all
             this
             was
             not
             sufficient
             to
             stop
             the
             mouths
             of
             his
             enemies
             ,
             who
             gave
             occasion
             to
             strangers
             not
             onely
             of
             speaking
             ill
             ,
             but
             also
             of
             writing
             against
             this
             gentleman
             ,
             who
             was
             valiant
             in
             his
             own
             person
             ,
             and
             of
             antient
             extraction
             in
             this
             Kingdom
             ;
             And
             others
             (
             not
             knowing
             to
             the
             contrary
             )
             have
             followed
             them
             in
             the
             prejudicial
             censure
             of
             this
             nation
             and
             the
             Nobilitie
             thereof
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             ▪
             XXXII
             .
          
           
             TO
             the
             grief
             of
             those
             gentlemen
             who
             took
             ill
             
               Cardinal
               Adriano's
            
             beeing
             Governor
             ,
             by
             a
             general
             consent
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Rojas
               Arch-Bishop
            
             of
             Granada
             ,
             then
             President
             ,
             
             Hee
             was
             confirmed
             Governor
             of
             Castilla
             and
             Navarra
             jointly
             with
             those
             of
             his
             Council
             ,
             who
             were
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Tellez
            
             Lord
             of
             
               la-Puebla
               de
               Montalvan
               ,
               Hernando
               de
               Vega
            
             Chancellor
             of
             the
             order
             in
             Castilla
             ,
             
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Fonseca
            
             Bishop
             of
             
               Burgos
               ,
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Rojas
               Arch-Bishop
               of
               Granada
            
             and
             President
             of
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Council
             of
             Justice
             ,
             and
             
               Francisco
               de
               Vargas
            
             Treasurer
             general
             ;
             these
             were
             to
             reside
             at
             
               Valladolid
               .
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             Lord
             of
             Coca
             was
             appointed
             Captain
             General
             of
             the
             kingdom
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Iohn
            
             ,
             Brother
             to
             the
             Bishop
             of
             
             Burgos
             ,
             his
             Treasurer
             .
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               la
               Nuza
            
             was
             Governor
             of
             
               Aragon
               ,
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Mendoza
               ,
            
             brother
             to
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Zenete
             ,
             Vice-Roy
             of
             Valencia
             .
             All
             being
             thus
             ordered
             for
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             kingdom
             ,
             and
             the
             winde
             coming
             faire
             ,
             upon
             Saturday
             the
             19.th
             of
             May
             at
             Sun-set
             ,
             The
             Emperor
             commanded
             to
             bee
             Proclaimed
             ,
             That
             all
             the
             mariners
             and
             his
             retinue
             should
             goe
             on
             board
             that
             night
             ,
             for
             the
             next
             day
             in
             the
             morning
             hee
             would
             set
             saile
             .
             
             Sunday
             the
             20.th
             of
             May
             before
             day
             hee
             did
             his
             devotion
             and
             received
             the
             Sacrament
             ,
             after
             which
             hee
             tooke
             ship
             ,
             
               Don
               Alonso
               de
               Fonseca
               Arch-Bishop
            
             of
             
               Santjago
               ,
               Don
               Iuan
               de
               Fonseca
               Bishop
            
             of
             
               Burgos
               ,
               Don
               Inigo
               de
               Velasco
            
             Constable
             of
             
               Castilla
               and
               Leon
               ,
               Don
               Diego
               Lopez
               Pacheco
               Marquis
            
             of
             
               Villena
               ,
               Don
               Alonso
               Pimentel
               Earl
            
             of
             
               Benavente
               ,
               Don
               Iohn
               Osorio
               Marquis
            
             of
             Astorga
             ,
             and
             divers
             other
             persons
             of
             quality
             waited
             on
             him
             to
             the
             Sea-side
             :
             Those
             that
             imbarked
             with
             him
             were
             
               Don
               Fadrique
               de
               Toledo
               Duke
            
             of
             Alva
             ,
             the
             Marquis
             of
             
               Villa
               Franca
            
             and
             his
             son
             ,
             
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Andrade
               Earl
            
             of
             
               Andrade
               ,
               Don
               Diego
               Hurtado
               de
               Mendoza
               ,
            
             who
             did
             great
             services
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             and
             
               Monsieur
               de
               Xeures
            
             with
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Flemings
             .
             So
             with
             a
             most
             harmonious
             noise
             of
             Minstrels
             and
             Trumpets
             they
             weighed
             ancker
             ,
             and
             set
             saile
             with
             great
             acclamations
             of
             joy
             ,
             leaving
             sad
             Spaine
             over-charged
             with
             sorrow
             and
             misfortunes
             .
             They
             shaped
             their
             course
             directly
             for
             England
             ,
             and
             the
             sixth
             day
             the
             whole
             Fleet
             arrived
             at
             the
             Downs
             .
             
             The
             same
             day
             (
             being
             whitsunday
             )
             The
             Emperor
             landed
             with
             all
             his
             nobility
             and
             servants
             ,
             where
             hee
             was
             received
             by
             the
             Cardinal
             of
             England
             ,
             
             favorite
             to
             
               King
               Henry
            
             the
             Eight
             ,
             and
             by
             whom
             hee
             was
             much
             governed
             .
             The
             same
             night
             the
             King
             of
             England
             came
             by
             post
             thither
             ,
             the
             expressions
             of
             affection
             and
             the
             great
             contentment
             which
             the
             King
             of
             England
             seemed
             to
             take
             in
             his
             Majestie
             's
             company
             ,
             were
             beyond
             relation
             ;
             The
             next
             day
             the
             two
             King
             's
             went
             to
             visite
             St
             Tho
             :
             
             of
             Canterburie's
             tomb
             ,
             where
             
               Queen
               Katherine
            
             ,
             wife
             to
             King
             Henry
             and
             Aunt
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             attended
             them
             in
             a
             sumptuously
             adorned
             Palace
             ,
             wherein
             they
             spent
             the
             three
             dayes
             of
             whitsuntide
             with
             
             great
             Jollity
             and
             feasting
             .
             The
             holy-daies
             being
             past
             ,
             and
             the
             Princes
             having
             treated
             sufficiently
             of
             what
             concerned
             them
             ,
             and
             confirmed
             a
             Peace
             with
             great
             testimonies
             of
             affection
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             took
             leave
             of
             his
             Aunt
             and
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             went
             to
             Deal
             a
             harbour
             in
             the
             same
             Island
             .
             And
             so
             imbarked
             again
             and
             sailed
             to
             Flushing
             .
             His
             arrivall
             was
             incredibly
             welcom
             to
             the
             Inhabitants
             of
             all
             those
             Provinces
             ,
             the
             same
             expressions
             of
             joy
             were
             all
             Germany
             over
             (
             assoon
             as
             they
             knew
             of
             his
             landing
             )
             where
             hee
             was
             infinitely
             desired
             .
             Hee
             went
             from
             Holland
             into
             Flanders
             without
             anie
             stay
             ,
             but
             in
             all
             places
             where
             hee
             did
             pass
             ,
             hee
             was
             most
             Splendidly
             entertained
             ,
             especially
             at
             Gant
             ,
             where
             Margarita
             his
             Aunt
             ,
             and
             the
             
               Infante
               Don
               Fernando
            
             his
             brother
             (
             who
             was
             
               Arch-Duke
               of
               Austria
            
             )
             exspected
             his
             coming
             .
             Thence
             hee
             went
             towards
             Calis
             to
             visit
             again
             the
             King
             and
             Queen
             of
             England
             ,
             who
             mean
             time
             the
             Emperor
             was
             at
             Sea
             ,
             met
             the
             King
             of
             France
             there
             ,
             who
             endeavoured
             all
             hee
             could
             to
             possess
             the
             King
             of
             England
             ?
             with
             a
             disaffection
             of
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             whose
             power
             and
             greatnesse
             hee
             envied
             and
             repined
             at
             .
             Having
             made
             this
             second
             visit
             the
             Emperor
             returned
             to
             Gant
             ,
             where
             hee
             put
             himself
             in
             fit
             equipage
             to
             receiv
             the
             Crown
             at
             Aquisgran
             .
             Where
             we
             will
             leave
             him
             for
             the
             present
             and
             return
             to
             relate
             the
             the
             miseries
             and
             troubles
             of
             Spain
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXIII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Emperor's
             departure
             was
             diversly
             resented
             in
             Spain
             ,
             Those
             that
             were
             honestly
             minded
             and
             of
             sober
             and
             quiet
             dispositions
             approved
             of
             it
             ,
             esteeming
             it
             just
             and
             requisite
             ,
             but
             feared
             much
             what
             after
             did
             ensue
             .
             But
             the
             factious
             and
             Seditious
             Party
             were
             otherwise
             affected
             ,
             They
             rejoiced
             at
             it
             ,
             and
             hugged
             themselvs
             in
             the
             fancie
             and
             vain
             hope
             of
             increasing
             their
             estates
             and
             reputation
             with
             
             these
             dissensions
             and
             alterations
             ,
             delighting
             (
             as
             the
             Proverb
             saith
             )
             to
             fish
             in
             troubled
             water
             .
             The
             Emperor
             being
             gone
             from
             the
             Groyn
             ,
             all
             the
             Nobilitie
             and
             Gentrie
             which
             stayed
             behinde
             returned
             to
             their
             owne
             houses
             ,
             and
             the
             Commissioners
             or
             Burgesses
             of
             Parlament
             ,
             repayred
             to
             their
             respective
             Cities
             and
             towns
             with
             feare
             enough
             of
             their
             Republicks
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             and
             those
             of
             his
             Council
             tooke
             their
             way
             towards
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             before
             they
             arrived
             there
             ,
             newes
             was
             brought
             them
             of
             the
             Commotions
             of
             the
             Cities
             of
             Castilla
             .
             The
             Emperor
             was
             very
             ill
             advised
             in
             not
             leaving
             the
             government
             of
             those
             Kingdoms
             to
             some
             Nobleman
             of
             that
             Countrie
             ;
             as
             was
             desired
             of
             him
             in
             Parlament
             ,
             whom
             as
             a
             Grandee
             of
             note
             and
             power
             they
             might
             feare
             ,
             and
             love
             ,
             honor
             and
             respect
             him
             as
             their
             Countryman
             .
             Or
             if
             they
             had
             done
             as
             (
             when
             necessitie
             constrained
             them
             )
             they
             did
             afterwards
             ,
             all
             had
             been
             well
             ;
             The
             fault
             being
             laid
             upon
             Xeures
             ,
             hee
             sayed
             ,
             That
             it
             was
             not
             so
             ordered
             ,
             that
             his
             Majestie
             thought
             there
             were
             no
             Noblemen
             in
             Castilla
             worthy
             of
             that
             honor
             ,
             but
             because
             of
             the
             factions
             and
             partialities
             amongst
             them
             ,
             the
             conferring
             it
             upon
             one
             should
             not
             disgust
             the
             others
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXIIII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Cardinal
             and
             his
             Council
             being
             arrived
             at
             Venavente
             ,
             an
             express
             from
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Acunia
            
             Governor
             of
             Segovia
             came
             to
             them
             purposely
             to
             inform
             them
             of
             a
             notoriously
             haynous
             accident
             befallen
             in
             that
             Citie
             ,
             which
             was
             thus
             ,
             One
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             or
             Burgesses
             that
             was
             sent
             thence
             to
             the
             Parlament
             at
             Santjago
             named
             Iohn
             or
             
               Antony
               de
               Tordesillas
               ,
               Regidor
            
             and
             native
             of
             that
             Citie
             ,
             gave
             his
             consent
             to
             the
             granting
             the
             Subsidies
             his
             Majestie
             demanded
             .
             Hee
             brought
             for
             the
             Citie
             the
             Pole-money
             to
             bee
             payed
             by
             
             way
             of
             excise
             and
             a
             gratuity
             of
             one
             hundred
             thousand
             Maravediz
             for
             reparation
             of
             the
             walls
             ,
             and
             for
             himself
             hee
             had
             procured
             a
             very
             good
             governement
             and
             received
             an
             office
             which
             the
             Mint
             or
             coyning
             house
             had
             given
             for
             lost
             .
             It
             is
             a
             custome
             in
             Segovia
             every
             Tuesday
             in
             whitsonweek
             that
             the
             Collectors
             meet
             to
             treat
             concerning
             the
             Revenue
             of
             
               Corpus
               Christi
            
             Church
             .
             It
             hapned
             that
             being
             all
             together
             one
             of
             them
             inconsiderately
             sayed
             ,
             
               Gentlemen
               !
               you
               know
               that
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Acunia
               is
               Governor
               of
               this
               Citie
               ,
               and
               that
               hee
               never
               set
               foot
               in
               it
               ,
               and
               yet
               not
               satisfied
               to
               under
               value
               us
               ,
               hee
               maintein's
               here
               certain
               Officers
               to
               robb
               us
               ,
               rather
               then
               to
               administer
               Iustice.
            
             
             
               And
               I
               vow
               to
               God
               ,
               if
               the
               former
               stole
               away
               our
               Cloaks
               ,
               these
               strip
               us
               to
               the
               very
               Skins
               .
               Moreover
               know
               that
               the
               Governor
               hath
               put
               in
               here
               a
               Deputy
               ,
               more
               fool
               then
               valiant
               :
               Hee
               is
               not
               satisfied
               with
               the
               injuries
               hee
               doth
               us
               by
               day
               ,
               but
               hee
               leads
               a
               dog
               to
               catch
               men
               in
               the
               night
               .
               And
               my
               opinion
               is
               ,
               That
               if
               any
               one
               hath
               done
               what
               hee
               ought
               not
               to
               doe
               ,
               Hee
               should
               apprehend
               him
               in
               his
               house
               like
               a
               Christian
               ,
               and
               not
               hunt
               him
               with
               doggs
               in
               the
               Mountains
               like
               a
               Moore
               ;
               For
               a
               man
               of
               any
               credit
               is
               more
               troubled
               at
               his
               being
               apprehended
               in
               the
               open
               street
               then
               at
               his
               Imprisonment
               .
            
             A
             certain
             old
             man
             ,
             called
             Melon
             ,
             chanced
             to
             bee
             present
             at
             these
             words
             ,
             who
             had
             for
             many
             years
             executed
             the
             office
             of
             a
             Sergeant
             or
             Catch-pole
             (
             as
             they
             call
             them
             )
             ;
             and
             therefore
             was
             hated
             and
             abhorred
             by
             all
             the
             people
             .
             This
             poore
             man
             having
             heard
             the
             other
             out
             ,
             and
             every
             body
             else
             holding
             their
             peaces
             ,
             stood
             up
             and
             spake
             these
             words
             in
             favor
             of
             the
             Justice
             .
             
               Indeed
               (
               Gentlemen
               !
               )
               that
               which
               this
               man
               hath
               sayed
               seemeth
               to
               me
               not
               well
               ,
               and
               mee
               thinks
               it
               is
               wors
               that
               men
               of
               such
               honor
               and
               credit
               (
               as
               here
               are
               )
               should
               give
               eare
               to
               such
               a
               man
               :
               for
               hee
               that
               will
               speak
               in
               publick
               of
               the
               Ministers
               of
               Iustice
               ought
               to
               have
               some
               respect
               and
               moderation
               in
               his
               tongue
               ;
               and
               in
               an
               officer
               of
               the
               King
               's
               ,
               hee
               ought
               not
               to
               look
               onely
               at
               his
               person
               ,
               but
               to
               consider
               what
               his
               staff
               represent's
               ,
               As
               touching
               the
               dog
               hee
               speak's
               of
               ,
               that
               my
               Master
               carrie's
               with
               him
               ,
               I
               sweare
               by
               this
               cross
               ,
               that
               ,
               being
               a
               yong
               man
               ,
               hee
               takes
               him
               with
               him
               more
               for
               his
               pleasure
               in
               the
               day
               time
               ,
               then
               to
               catch
               men
               in
               
               the
               night
               ;
               and
               if
               it
               had
               been
               so
               you
               doe
               not
               ,
               (
               I
               hope
               )
               take
               me
               to
               be
               so
               base
               ,
               but
               that
               I
               should
               haue
               made
               it
               known
               to
               the
               people
               ,
               for
               I
               am
               more
               beholding
               to
               my
               friends
               and
               neighbors
               then
               I
               am
               to
               Strangers
               .
               If
               the
               Officers
               doe
               any
               thing
               against
               Law
               and
               Iustice
               ,
               (
               which
               hitherto
               they
               have
               not
               done
               )
               like
               Christians
               and
               Gentlemen
               wee
               are
               obliged
               to
               advise
               and
               reprove
               them
               in
               secret
               ,
               and
               not
               defame
               them
               publickly
               ;
               and
               if
               this
               which
               I
               say
               now
               unto
               you
               ,
               soundeth
               not
               well
               in
               your
               ears
               ,
               perchance
               that
               which
               will
               result
               hereof
               will
               please
               you
               wors
               ;
               for
               ill
               words
               inconsiderately
               spoken
               somtimes
               are
               dearly
               repented
               .
            
             This
             speech
             was
             so
             ill
             taken
             by
             them
             all
             ,
             that
             with
             shouting
             and
             great
             violence
             they
             seized
             on
             him
             ,
             cast
             a
             rope
             about
             his
             neck
             ,
             and
             with
             huge
             nois
             and
             exclamations
             they
             dragged
             him
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             but
             they
             bruised
             him
             with
             so
             many
             stripes
             that
             hee
             was
             dead
             before
             hee
             came
             to
             the
             gallowes
             ,
             yet
             they
             hung
             up
             his
             body
             upon
             it
             .
             As
             they
             returned
             from
             hanging
             this
             unfortunate
             Melon
             ,
             they
             met
             by
             the
             way
             a
             companion
             of
             his
             ,
             called
             
               Roque
               Portalejo
            
             :
             To
             whom
             one
             of
             them
             said
             ,
             as
             they
             came
             along
             ,
             
               Portalejo
               !
               thy
               Companion
            
             Melon
             
               remember's
               him
               to
               thee
               ,
               there
               hee
               hang's
               upon
               the
               gallows
               ,
               and
               hee
               saies
               hee
               hopes
               thou
               wilt
               beare
               him
               Company
               there
               to
               morrow
               ,
               and
               t'
               were
               no
               great
               matter
               if
               wee
               made
               thee
               accept
               of
               his
               invitation
               ,
               for
               since
               thou
               wast
               his
               companion
               in
               the
               fault
               ,
               it
               is
               but
               reason
               thou
               shouldst
               beare
               a
               share
               of
               the
               punishment
               .
               Portalejo
            
             replyed
             ,
             
               God
               preserve
               the
               King
               my
               Lord
               and
               his
               Iustice
               ,
               for
               one
               day
               you
               may
               repent
               you
               for
               what
               you
               haue
               done
               and
               Segovia
               for
               permitting
               it
               .
               for
               the
               blood
               of
               the
               Innocent
               ,
               although
               men
               doe
               forget
               it
               ,
               is
               alwaies
               crying
               out
               for
               vengeance
               before
               God.
            
             Hereupon
             ,
             and
             because
             they
             saw
             him
             with
             a
             pen
             and
             paper
             ,
             one
             of
             them
             began
             to
             say
             ,
             that
             hee
             tooke
             the
             names
             of
             those
             that
             had
             killed
             Melon
             ,
             upon
             which
             words
             they
             all
             cryed
             out
             
               kill
               him
               ,
               kill
               him
            
             ,
             So
             with
             the
             same
             fury
             in
             a
             disorderly
             rout
             ,
             as
             they
             had
             done
             to
             Melon
             ,
             they
             layd
             hands
             on
             him
             ,
             and
             dragged
             him
             to
             the
             gallows
             where
             they
             hang'd
             him
             by
             the
             feet
             ,
             so
             the
             poore
             man
             dyed
             .
             They
             spent
             all
             that
             day
             in
             execution
             of
             those
             two
             ;
             The
             next
             day
             being
             wednesday
             The
             Citie
             sat
             in
             counsell
             ;
             the
             
               Regidor
               Tordesillas
            
             went
             thither
             to
             give
             account
             of
             what
             hee
             had
             don
             in
             
             Parlament
             although
             hee
             was
             advised
             to
             the
             contrary
             .
             The
             place
             of
             meeting
             was
             at
             St
             
               Michael's
               Church
            
             .
             The
             People
             beeing
             told
             ,
             that
             Tordesillas
             had
             granted
             the
             subsidie
             and
             that
             hee
             was
             at
             the
             Council
             ,
             a
             great
             number
             of
             Carders
             ran
             in
             a
             tumultuous
             manner
             thither
             ,
             and
             climing
             over
             the
             dores
             and
             breaking
             in
             at
             the
             windowes
             ,
             they
             violently
             layed
             hands
             upon
             him
             and
             dragged
             him
             out
             of
             the
             Church
             .
             
               Antonio
               de
               Tordesillas
            
             intreating
             them
             to
             forbeare
             ,
             sayed
             ,
             
               Gentlemen
               !
               heare
               me
               ,
               I
               come
               to
               give
               you
               an
               account
               .
               See
               here
               the
               Articles
               which
               I
               bring
               ,
               bee
               pacified
               ,
               and
               let
               us
               goe
               to
               some
               place
               where
               you
               may
               bee
               informed
               of
               the
               truth
               .
            
             But
             this
             satisfied
             not
             ,
             the
             multitude
             of
             Teazers
             was
             so
             outragious
             ,
             some
             cryed
             ,
             let
             us
             carry
             him
             to
             
               Santa
               Olalla
            
             ;
             and
             poor
             Tordesillas
             said
             ,
             
               whither
               you
               please
               Gentlemen
            
             .
             Others
             cryed
             ,
             
               Kill
               ●im
               ,
               kill
               him
            
             ,
             Others
             sayed
             ,
             
               Tordesillas
               give
               us
               those
               articles
            
             .
             Hee
             answered
             ,
             
               Since
               you
               will
               haue
               it
               so
               ,
               there
               ,
               take
               them
            
             ;
             then
             hee
             drew
             a
             paper
             out
             of
             his
             pocket
             ,
             wherein
             was
             conteined
             all
             that
             hee
             had
             done
             in
             the
             Parlament
             ,
             Which
             they
             tore
             in
             peeces
             without
             ever
             reading
             it
             .
             And
             with
             one
             voice
             they
             cryed
             out
             ,
             
               to
               prison
               with
               him
               ,
               there
               wee
               shall
               see
               his
               treason
               .
            
             then
             they
             set
             him
             upon
             a
             Mule
             ,
             beeing
             clad
             with
             a
             long
             cassock
             or
             gaberdine
             of
             crimson
             velvet
             .
             Hee
             had
             not
             gone
             fa●r
             but
             some
             of
             them
             crying
             ,
             
               Art
               thou
               catched
            
             ?
             layed
             hands
             again
             upon
             him
             ,
             and
             having
             knocked
             him
             off
             the
             Mule
             ,
             they
             hurried
             him
             into
             the
             Prison
             ,
             others
             cryed
             out
             ,
             
               A
               rope
               ,
               a
               rope
               ,
               let
               ●im
               not
               stay
               in
               prison
               ,
               let
               us
               have
               him
               strait
               to
               the
               gallowes
               .
            
             And
             presently
             with
             lowd
             exclamations
             they
             cryed
             out
             all
             together
             ,
             
               Let
               him
               die
               ,
               let
               him
               die
               .
            
             And
             a
             rope
             beeing
             brought
             they
             put
             it
             about
             his
             neck
             ,
             and
             plucked
             him
             down
             to
             the
             ground
             ,
             then
             dragged
             him
             along
             the
             streets
             ,
             punching
             him
             and
             giving
             him
             great
             blowes
             upon
             the
             head
             with
             the
             pummels
             of
             their
             swords
             ,
             and
             although
             hee
             cryed
             out
             to
             them
             with
             grievous
             sighs
             and
             pitiful
             groans
             ,
             saying
             ,
             
               Gentlemen
               !
               heare
               me
               ,
               why
               doe
               you
               kill
               mee
               ?
            
             it
             availed
             nothing
             .
             Hee
             desired
             to
             confess
             ,
             and
             they
             would
             not
             suffer
             him
             .
             The
             Dean
             and
             Canon●
             with
             their
             Sacerdotal
             habits
             came
             forth
             to
             them
             ,
             carrying
             the
             holy
             Sacrament
             .
             And
             (
             which
             was
             most
             grievous
             of
             
             all
             )
             Tordesilla's
             own
             brother
             ,
             a
             Franciscan
             Fryer
             ,
             a
             very
             grave
             man
             in
             his
             habit
             ready
             to
             say
             mass
             ,
             and
             the
             holy
             Sacrament
             in
             his
             hands
             ,
             with
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Fryers
             of
             St
             Francis
             order
             came
             out
             ,
             and
             kneeling
             all
             before
             this
             crew
             ,
             they
             begged
             of
             them
             with
             tears
             to
             spare
             his
             life
             for
             
               Christ
               Iesu●s
            
             sake
             .
             
             But
             in
             regard
             all
             that
             Rabble
             was
             of
             the
             common
             and
             baser
             sort
             of
             People
             ,
             they
             made
             no
             reckoning
             of
             them
             ,
             nor
             bore
             any
             respect
             or
             reverence
             to
             the
             Church
             .
             Then
             the
             Fryers
             desired
             ,
             if
             there
             was
             no
             remedy
             but
             that
             hee
             must
             die
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             give
             him
             leav
             to
             make
             his
             confession
             ,
             which
             they
             refused
             .
             And
             when
             they
             had
             brought
             him
             to
             the
             gallows
             ,
             half
             choaked
             already
             with
             the
             rope
             ,
             they
             tyed
             his
             feet
             and
             hung
             him
             with
             his
             head
             downwards
             ,
             betwixt
             the
             two
             others
             they
             had
             hanged
             the
             day
             before
             .
             Thus
             this
             poor
             Gentleman
             ended
             his
             life
             ,
             and
             doubtless
             his
             companion
             
               Iohn
               Vazquez
            
             had
             tasted
             of
             the
             same
             cup
             ,
             had
             hee
             not
             absented
             himself
             ,
             but
             hee
             escaped
             being
             advertised
             by
             this
             disaster
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXV
             .
          
           
             THis
             done
             the
             Common
             People
             of
             Segovia
             elected
             their
             Deputies
             of
             the
             Commonalty
             ,
             turned
             out
             all
             t●e
             King's
             officers
             of
             Iustice
             and
             authorised
             others
             to
             officiate
             for
             them
             ,
             then
             seized
             upon
             all
             the
             gates
             of
             the
             Citie
             .
             About
             that
             time
             was
             come
             to
             
               Segovia
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Bovadilla
               Earl
            
             of
             Chinchon
             ,
             who
             had
             great
             power
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             having
             the
             command
             of
             the
             Forts
             ,
             Gates
             and
             Mint-hous
             ;
             which
             place
             was
             given
             his
             ancestors
             and
             him
             by
             the
             King
             for
             former
             services
             .
             The
             
               Common
               People
            
             possessing
             themselvs
             of
             the
             Gates
             ,
             and
             a
             hous
             
               Don
               Hernando
            
             had
             within
             the
             Citie
             ,
             Hee
             presently
             made
             all
             his
             servants
             and
             the
             officers
             of
             the
             Gates
             retire
             into
             the
             Forts
             ,
             that
             ,
             there
             might
             bee
             men
             enough
             to
             defend
             them
             ,
             in
             case
             they
             should
             be
             assaulted
             ,
             and
             leaving
             them
             to
             his
             brother
             
               Don
               Diego'●
            
             charge
             and
             care
             ,
             hee
             went
             to
             a
             Fortress
             of
             his
             own
             in
             the
             
             Countrie
             and
             took
             out
             all
             the
             peeces
             of
             Artillerie
             hee
             had
             there
             ,
             which
             hee
             brought
             with
             more
             servants
             and
             other
             People
             ,
             to
             reliev
             his
             brother
             ,
             who
             was
             by
             that
             time
             besieged
             and
             streightned
             in
             those
             Forts
             by
             the
             Commons
             ;
             which
             siege
             lasted
             all
             the
             time
             of
             the
             troubles
             ,
             and
             the
             warre
             was
             cruell
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             
               Don
               Diego
            
             defending
             himself
             with
             great
             dexterity
             and
             valor
             ;
             The
             generositie
             and
             loyaltie
             of
             these
             Gentlemen
             was
             so
             great
             ,
             that
             to
             defend
             the
             Forts
             committed
             to
             their
             charge
             by
             the
             King
             ,
             they
             disarmed
             their
             own
             ,
             choosing
             rather
             to
             leave
             their
             own
             Townes
             and
             Holds
             openly
             exposed
             to
             bee
             destroied
             by
             the
             fury
             of
             the
             Common
             People
             ,
             then
             neglect
             or
             forsake
             that
             which
             conduced
             to
             the
             King's
             service
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXVI
             .
          
           
             THis
             message
             which
             the
             Post
             brought
             from
             Segovia
             to
             the
             Governors
             ,
             declaring
             the
             crueltie
             done
             in
             that
             Citie
             ,
             possessed
             them
             with
             much
             trouble
             and
             care
             .
             These
             risings
             touched
             the
             Cardinal
             to
             the
             heart
             ,
             and
             hereupon
             hee
             entred
             into
             consultation
             with
             those
             Gentlemen
             whom
             his
             Majestie
             had
             appointed
             to
             assist
             him
             .
             After
             this
             the
             Gentlemen
             and
             Regidores
             of
             Segovia
             sent
             another
             Messinger
             to
             make
             their
             excuse
             to
             the
             Governor
             ,
             alledging
             ,
             That
             they
             had
             nothing
             to
             doe
             in
             the
             Death
             of
             Tordesillas
             ,
             nor
             the
             other
             two
             men
             ,
             neither
             were
             they
             able
             to
             hinder
             it
             in
             regard
             of
             the
             Mutinie
             of
             a
             great
             multitude
             of
             teazers
             of
             Wooll
             ,
             who
             made
             that
             scandalous
             uproar
             and
             outrage
             ,
             men
             of
             strange
             places
             ,
             vagabonds
             ,
             and
             who
             were
             already
             dispersed
             and
             fled
             from
             the
             Citie
             .
             That
             if
             it
             could
             bee
             proved
             that
             anie
             man
             of
             account
             or
             worth
             in
             the
             Citie
             was
             amongst
             them
             ,
             or
             but
             anie
             waie
             favoured
             ,
             assisted
             ,
             or
             so
             much
             as
             consented
             to
             their
             barbarous
             proceeding
             ,
             they
             would
             willingly
             submit
             themselvs
             to
             anie
             Punishment
             that
             could
             bee
             inflicted
             on
             them
             .
             The
             President
             of
             the
             Council
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Rojas
               Arch-Bishop
               of
               Granada
            
             
             grew
             so
             cholerick
             and
             furious
             ,
             that
             through
             excess
             of
             passion
             hee
             gave
             the
             Messengers
             (
             whom
             the
             Gentlemen
             Regidores
             and
             Citizens
             had
             sent
             to
             make
             their
             excuses
             )
             such
             reproachful
             language
             and
             high
             threatnings
             ,
             that
             it
             spoiled
             all
             .
             For
             returning
             to
             their
             Citie
             much
             distasted
             with
             this
             answer
             ,
             They
             were
             all
             scandaliz●d
             at
             it
             ,
             and
             those
             that
             before
             were
             very
             quiet
             and
             peaceable
             began
             to
             incline
             to
             the
             Mutiniers
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             beeing
             arrived
             at
             Valladolid
             the
             5th
             of
             Iune
             1520
             ,
             the
             day
             before
             
               Corpus
               Christi
            
             eve
             ,
             (
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             beeing
             gon
             thither
             two
             daies
             before
             )
             Hee
             assembled
             all
             the
             Council
             and
             asked
             their
             opinions
             ,
             which
             were
             very
             different
             concerning
             this
             matter
             .
             And
             becaus
             they
             are
             of
             so
             much
             importance
             to
             the
             Historie
             ,
             I
             will
             set
             down
             som
             of
             the
             most
             remarkable
             which
             were
             then
             taken
             in
             writing
             .
             The
             first
             that
             spake
             was
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Rojas
               President
            
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             who
             declared
             himself
             in
             these
             words
             .
          
           
             
               The
               opinion
               of
               
                 Don
                 Antonio
                 de
                 Rojas
              
               concerning
               Segovia
               .
            
             
               MY
               LORDS
               !
               wee
               ,
               who
               are
               dedicated
               to
               the
               Divine
               Sacraments
               ,
               have
               not
               the
               libertie
               to
               speak
               over
               boldly
               i●
               matters
               which
               concern
               humane
               rigors
               and
               chastisements
               ,
               becaus
               our
               profession
               is
               to
               shed
               tears
               for
               those
               which
               transgress
               against
               the
               God
               of
               Heaven
               ,
               and
               not
               spill
               the
               blood
               of
               those
               who
               offend
               earthlie
               Kings
               .
               You
               see
               ,
               My
               Lords
               !
               if
               the
               dignitie
               of
               Arch-Bishop
               invite's
               me
               to
               Clemencie
               ,
               the
               office
               of
               President
               (
               which
               is
               conferred
               upon
               mee
               )
               constrain's
               me
               to
               Iustice.
               This
               I
               say
               ,
               My
               Lords
               ,
               that
               you
               m●y
               not
               bee
               scandalized
               if
               I
               declare
               my self
               in
               this
               my
               vote
               .
               I
               denie
               not
               that
               our
               Lord
               God
               giveth
               a
               beginning
               to
               all
               things
               with
               his
               Providence
               ,
               but
               yet
               manie
               of
               them
               hee
               persu's
               and
               concludeth
               with
               his
               rigor
               and
               Iustice.
               And
               this
               hee
               doth
               ,
               that
               the
               Good
               may
               bee
               incouraged
               to
               serv
               him
               ,
               and
               the
               wicked
               refrain
               from
               displeasing
               him
               ,
               According
               to
               this
               saying
               of
               the
               Prophet
               ,
               
                 Misericordiam
                 &
                 Judicium
                 cantabo
                 tibi
                 Domine
                 .
              
               To
               com
               to
               the
               Purpose
               which
               now
               is
               in
               agitation
               ,
               This
               action
               of
               Segovia
               ,
               for
               my
               particular
               I
               hold
               it
               so
               hainous
               and
               scandalous
               ,
               that
               I
               cannot
               think
               of
               any
               Punishment
               great
               enough
               for
               it
               .
               For
               where
               the
               offence
               is
               
               without
               weight
               ,
               the
               Penaltie
               ought
               to
               bee
               beyond
               measure
               .
               Those
               of
               the
               Citie
               of
               Segovia
               have
               offended
               God
               in
               so
               barbarously
               putting
               to
               Death
               a
               man
               ,
               who
               better
               deserved
               to
               live
               then
               They.
               Which
               wicked
               action
               is
               of
               no
               less
               consequence
               ,
               then
               that
               it
               should
               wreak
               God's
               Iudgments
               upon
               them
               ,
               for
               the
               blood
               of
               his
               Innocencie
               is
               no
               other
               then
               the
               Crier
               ,
               or
               Proclaimer
               of
               Vengeance
               .
               Again
               ,
               in
               my
               sense
               ,
               they
               are
               guiltie
               of
               
                 Crimen
                 laes●e
                 Majestatis
              
               ,
               and
               it
               is
               very
               palpable
               ;
               for
               they
               did
               not
               murther
               Tordesillas
               for
               any
               offence
               hee
               had
               done
               them
               ,
               but
               for
               the
               service
               hee
               did
               the
               King
               in
               the
               Parlament
               .
               And
               since
               for
               the
               King
               hee
               lost
               his
               life
               ,
               the
               King
               is
               obliged
               to
               see
               him
               revenged
               :
               and
               in
               respect
               his
               Majestie
               is
               gone
               out
               of
               Castilla
               ,
               to
               receiv
               the
               Imperial
               Crown
               in
               Germanie
               ,
               It
               will
               bee
               sufficient
               ,
               if
               hee
               return
               in
               prosperitie
               ,
               that
               hee
               reward
               his
               wife
               and
               Children
               with
               some
               gratuity
               ;
               And
               wee
               are
               to
               proceed
               according
               to
               Iustice
               ,
               considering
               that
               the
               offence
               is
               as
               hainous
               ,
               as
               if
               it
               had
               been
               done
               to
               his
               own
               person
               .
               For
               if
               I
               have
               served
               his
               Majestie
               ,
               beeing
               here
               present
               ,
               in
               giving
               him
               good
               Counsel
               ,
               I
               shall
               serv
               him
               more
               now
               ,
               My
               Lords
               ,
               in
               punishing
               misdeeds
               in
               his
               absence
               .
               Moreover
               ,
               Since
               the
               King
               our
               Sovereign
               took
               shipping
               at
               the
               Groyn
               ,
               This
               is
               the
               first
               act
               of
               disobedience
               in
               Spain
               .
               Wherefore
               I
               judge
               their
               crime
               the
               greater
               .
               For
               an
               offence
               committed
               in
               absence
               ,
               alwaies
               argueth
               the
               more
               malice
               ,
               and
               where
               the
               malice
               is
               so
               great
               ,
               the
               Punishment
               ought
               to
               bee
               correspondent
               .
               Item
               ,
               it
               is
               alleadged
               by
               those
               of
               Segovia
               ,
               that
               the
               Citie
               in
               general
               is
               not
               guiltie
               of
               this
               fact
               ,
               but
               only
               som
               particular
               men
               ,
               Carders
               ,
               did
               hang
               Tordesillas
               upon
               the
               Gallows
               .
               I
               would
               fain
               know
               of
               them
               ,
               what
               was
               the
               reason
               ,
               why
               they
               did
               not
               punish
               those
               fellows
               ,
               since
               they
               were
               but
               few
               ;
               for
               there
               is
               no
               such
               testimonie
               of
               Innocence
               ,
               as
               to
               execute
               Iustice
               upon
               offenders
               .
               In
               my
               opinion
               the
               Citie
               of
               Segovia
               cannot
               plead
               Non-Guiltie
               in
               this
               case
               ,
               for
               Five
               Thousand
               Citizens
               (
               if
               they
               had
               listed
               )
               might
               easily
               have
               withstood
               the
               furious
               insolence
               of
               Fiftie
               Teazers
               ,
               and
               those
               Strangers
               too
               .
               But
               some
               secretly
               with
               their
               counsels
               ,
               others
               publickly
               using
               violence
               ,
               committed
               this
               insolent
               outrage
               .
               For
               if
               it
               bee
               a
               crime
               in
               Wicked
               men
               to
               murther
               the
               good
               ,
               It
               is
               no
               less
               crime
               in
               good
               men
               not
               to
               resist
               the
               Wicked
               .
               You
               have
               seen
               ,
               My
               Lords
               ,
               the
               peremptoriness
               of
               those
               of
               Toledo
               ,
               The
               King
               our
               Lord
               beeing
               at
               his
               Parlament
               in
               Santjago
               and
               the
               Groyn
               :
               which
               was
               so
               great
               and
               scandalous
               ,
               that
               for
               my
               part
               I
               know
               not
               which
               was
               more
               to
               bee
               condemned
               their
               malic●
               in
               so
               doing
               ,
               or
               
               Xeures
               his
               negligence
               in
               not
               remedying
               it
               .
               Wherefore
               I
               say
               ,
               that
               if
               that
               which
               was
               done
               ,
               hee
               being
               here
               ,
               hath
               pas't
               unpunished
               ,
               and
               this
               ,
               which
               hath
               bin
               committed
               in
               his
               absence
               ,
               be
               not
               remedyed
               ,
               from
               henceforwards
               I
               give
               all
               Castilla
               for
               lost
               and
               ruined
               .
               For
               this
               is
               a
               General
               maxime
               ,
               if
               Iustice
               once
               lose
               her
               force
               ,
               presently
               start's
               up
               insulting
               Tyrannie
               .
               Item
               since
               his
               Majestie
               's
               departure
               out
               of
               this
               Kingdom
               ,
               This
               is
               the
               first
               scandal
               wherein
               it
               is
               requisite
               that
               the
               Council
               make
               appeare
               their
               Counsel
               and
               wisdom
               .
               And
               there
               is
               nothing
               that
               can
               give
               a
               greater
               evidence
               thereof
               ,
               then
               in
               governing
               the
               People
               in
               such
               sort
               ,
               that
               wee
               may
               gain
               the
               affections
               of
               the
               good
               ,
               and
               bee
               no
               less
               feared
               by
               the
               evil
               .
               If
               the
               death
               of
               this
               Regidor
               bee
               thus
               smothered
               ,
               and
               the
               insolence
               of
               Toledo
               dissembled
               ,
               the
               Carders
               of
               Segovia
               will
               thinke
               ,
               and
               the
               Cap-makers
               of
               Toledo
               will
               Proclaime
               ,
               that
               wee
               doe
               not
               let
               these
               things
               pass
               with
               our
               good
               wills
               ,
               but
               that
               wee
               dare
               not
               punish
               them
               .
               And
               by
               this
               means
               Iustice
               will
               bee
               defamed
               in
               that
               shee
               cover's
               Feare
               ,
               and
               which
               is
               worst
               of
               all
               ,
               will
               lose
               the
               credite
               of
               being
               feared
               .
               In
               summ
               of
               all
               that
               I
               have
               spoken
               ,
               I
               say
               ,
               that
               my
               determinate
               will
               and
               opinion
               is
               ,
               that
               an
               
                 Alcalde
                 de
                 Corte
              
               ,
               (
               who
               is
               in
               n●ture
               of
               a
               Iudge
               of
               Oyer
               and
               Terminer
               ,
               here
               in
               England
               )
               should
               goe
               to
               Segovia
               ,
               and
               what
               hee
               ought
               to
               doe
               in
               this
               (
               although
               I
               know
               it
               )
               my
               Sacred
               Orders
               doe
               not
               give
               me
               leav
               to
               express
               .
               I
               onely
               say
               thus
               much
               ,
               that
               the
               Iudge
               ought
               to
               do
               wors
               to
               them
               by
               Iustice
               ,
               then
               they
               did
               to
               Tordesillas
               without
               Iustice.
               Let
               all
               that
               I
               have
               said
               in
               this
               consultation
               bee
               under
               your
               most
               Reverend
               Lordship's
               correction
               :
               and
               if
               these
               Lords
               bee
               of
               any
               other
               opinion
               ,
               I
               shall
               bee
               content
               to
               conform
               my self
               to
               them
               ,
               for
               in
               matters
               of
               weight
               and
               moment
               ,
               a
               man
               is
               not
               to
               defend
               his
               own
               opinion
               ,
               but
               to
               follow
               that
               which
               is
               most
               expedient
               for
               the
               publick
               good
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             ▪
             XXXVII
             .
          
           
             THe
             second
             that
             was
             remarkeable
             in
             this
             Consultation
             ,
             was
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Tellez
               Giron
            
             ,
             who
             in
             those
             times
             was
             esteemed
             a
             man
             of
             a
             good
             Conscience
             ,
             a
             vertuous
             life
             ,
             of
             a
             generous
             ofspring
             ,
             and
             chiefly
             in
             the
             opinion
             (
             which
             hee
             
             delivered
             )
             very
             circumspect
             ,
             for
             hee
             would
             never
             give
             any
             counsel
             ,
             unless
             hee
             had
             considered
             the
             matter
             throughly
             before
             hand
             .
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Rojas
            
             having
             ended
             his
             speech
             ,
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Tellez
            
             began
             ,
             Saying
             .
          
           
             
               The
               discreet
               Opinion
               of
               
                 Don
                 Alonso
                 Tellez
                 Giron
              
               .
            
             
               IT
               chanceth
               often-times
               amongst
               the
               most
               expert
               Captains
               ,
               that
               being
               upon
               the
               point
               of
               giving
               battle
               ,
               they
               differ
               in
               the
               manner
               and
               order
               of
               their
               Combate
               ,
               and
               if
               such
               men
               take
               oath
               of
               their
               dissenting
               opinions
               ,
               I
               say
               that
               kind
               of
               discord
               proceedeth
               not
               from
               any
               particular
               difference
               betwixt
               them
               ,
               but
               that
               each
               one
               of
               them
               thinkes
               ,
               that
               what
               hee
               sayes
               is
               the
               best
               and
               most
               secure
               way
               to
               gain
               the
               Victorie
               that
               day
               .
               This
               I
               say
               ,
               most
               Reverend
               Lord
               Cardinal
               ,
               in
               order
               to
               my
               Lord
               Arch-Bishop
               and
               President
               his
               Speech
               ,
               which
               was
               very
               good
               and
               beseeming
               a
               Prelate
               that
               is
               desirous
               of
               the
               publick
               good
               .
               But
               if
               hee
               and
               I
               doe
               differ
               in
               the
               meanes
               which
               is
               to
               bee
               used
               for
               the
               remedying
               of
               so
               great
               a
               scandal
               ,
               wee
               shall
               not
               ,
               I
               am
               confident
               ,
               in
               our
               intentions
               be
               dissenting
               .
               I
               swear
               by
               the
               faith
               of
               a
               Christian
               and
               a
               Gentleman
               ,
               and
               by
               this
               Holy
               habit
               of
               Santjago
               which
               I
               wear
               ,
               that
               my
               soul
               desireth
               nothing
               at
               this
               present
               more
               ,
               then
               that
               wee
               may
               hit
               upon
               the
               right
               way
               of
               rectifying
               and
               providing
               for
               Segovia
               .
               For
               my
               mind
               giv's
               me
               ,
               that
               if
               wee
               miss
               our
               aim
               in
               this
               first
               enterprise
               ,
               we
               shall
               not
               bee
               powerful
               enough
               hereafter
               to
               execute
               Justice
               .
               Hee
               that
               is
               to
               give
               his
               sens
               in
               such
               occurrences
               ,
               ought
               not
               only
               to
               see
               to
               the
               remedying
               of
               mischiefs
               ,
               but
               to
               bee
               circumspect
               and
               warie
               lest
               the
               fulfilling
               of
               his
               Vote
               should
               bee
               the
               occasion
               of
               a
               greater
               Inconvenience
               .
               For
               it
               may
               bee
               already
               (
               which
               God
               forbid
               )
               thinking
               to
               tile
               Segovia
               ,
               wee
               have
               untiled
               it
               ,
               and
               so
               bewetted
               all
               Spain
               .
               Vndoubtedly
               those
               of
               Segovia
               offended
               God
               in
               destroying
               his
               creature
               ,
               and
               the
               King
               in
               murthering
               him
               for
               his
               cause
               .
               They
               scandalized
               the
               Republick
               by
               hanging
               him
               in
               that
               manner
               .
               And
               accordingly
               (
               if
               it
               were
               of
               no
               further
               consequence
               )
               nothing
               could
               bee
               more
               just
               ,
               
               then
               that
               the
               more
               cruel
               and
               barbarous
               they
               have
               shewd
               themselvs
               in
               that
               murther
               ,
               the
               less
               pitie
               wee
               should
               shew
               in
               chastising
               them
               .
               I
               would
               say
               in
               this
               case
               ,
               that
               wee
               are
               able
               to
               punish
               Segovia
               ,
               or
               we
               are
               not
               able
               ,
               and
               so
               likewise
               Toledo
               of
               their
               rebellion
               :
               and
               to
               speak
               the
               truth
               ,
               to
               my
               best
               sens
               to
               chastise
               Segovia
               ,
               or
               correct
               Toledo
               is
               yet
               too
               soon
               .
               For
               being
               ,
               as
               we
               are
               ,
               but
               newly
               come
               to
               the
               government
               ,
               we
               should
               grant
               som
               privileges
               and
               libertie
               to
               the
               People
               at
               first
               ,
               to
               win
               their
               obedience
               ;
               and
               afterwards
               chastise
               them
               ,
               that
               we
               may
               bee
               feared
               .
               Put
               case
               wee
               are
               not
               powerful
               enough
               (
               as
               I
               believ
               we
               are
               not
               )
               to
               quell
               that
               high
               couraged
               stubborn
               People
               ,
               (
               if
               my
               Iudgment
               fail
               me
               not
               )
               I
               hold
               for
               most
               certain
               ,
               that
               if
               Segovia
               lose
               their
               respect
               to
               us
               ,
               the
               like
               we
               shall
               find
               through
               all
               the
               Cities
               of
               Spain
               .
               Moreover
               you
               know
               ,
               my
               Lords
               ,
               that
               it
               hath
               been
               averred
               to
               us
               ,
               that
               there
               was
               never
               a
               Gentleman
               nor
               Citizen
               at
               the
               murther
               of
               Tordesillas
               ,
               and
               that
               those
               Teazers
               which
               had
               committed
               the
               fact
               ,
               were
               fled
               already
               .
               The
               Judge
               whom
               wee
               shall
               send
               thither
               ,
               to
               seem
               that
               hee
               doth
               somthing
               ,
               must
               rob
               the
               Poor
               ,
               chastise
               the
               Innocent
               ,
               disquiet
               the
               Rich
               ,
               defame
               the
               Noble
               ,
               and
               chiefly
               scandalize
               the
               bordering
               People
               ,
               so
               that
               the
               untimely
               punishing
               of
               one
               man's
               death
               ,
               may
               bee
               an
               occasion
               of
               destroying
               all
               .
               Item
               you
               know
               ,
               My
               Lords
               ,
               that
               the
               King
               ,
               our
               Lord
               ,
               had
               the
               ill
               will
               of
               all
               his
               Subjects
               for
               the
               ill
               Government
               of
               his
               Tutors
               ,
               and
               certainly
               those
               of
               this
               Kingdom
               desire
               to
               express
               their
               discontents
               .
               Me
               think's
               ,
               we
               should
               rather
               provide
               for
               and
               hinder
               the
               manifestation
               of
               the
               ill
               intentions
               of
               Castilla
               ,
               then
               to
               stand
               so
               much
               upon
               the
               rigorous
               chastising
               of
               the
               Carders
               of
               Segovia
               ,
               for
               it
               is
               the
               part
               of
               wise
               men
               to
               dissemble
               and
               defer
               the
               punishment
               of
               faults
               already
               past
               ,
               and
               forthwith
               apply
               a
               remedie
               to
               a
               present
               evil
               .
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 Segovia
              
               cryeth
               out
               and
               desire's
               ,
               that
               if
               Fifty
               or
               a
               Hundred
               weavers
               committed
               that
               outrage
               ,
               the
               whole
               Citie
               should
               not
               lose
               its
               Innocence
               .
               And
               in
               my
               Judgment
               we
               should
               bee
               very
               injurious
               and
               unjust
               ,
               if
               we
               should
               declare
               a
               whole
               Citie
               Traytors
               ,
               when
               but
               few
               are
               guiltie
               ,
               and
               I
               know
               the
               King
               hath
               manie
               faithful
               servants
               in
               
               Segovia
               :
               therefore
               wee
               should
               commit
               a
               great
               offence
               therein
               .
               Besides
               ,
               it
               is
               as
               much
               the
               Propertie
               of
               Clement
               Princes
               to
               pardon
               many
               wicked
               men
               ,
               for
               the
               respect
               of
               som
               few
               good
               ,
               as
               it
               is
               the
               Practise
               of
               cruel
               Tyrants
               to
               condemn
               many
               good
               ,
               for
               a
               few
               evil
               .
               Item
               ,
               it
               is
               sufficiently
               known
               that
               Toledo
               is
               in
               Rebellion
               ,
               and
               beeing
               (
               as
               it
               is
               )
               so
               powerful
               a
               Citie
               ,
               wee
               cannot
               exercise
               Justice
               upon
               it
               .
               Now
               ,
               if
               wee
               doe
               chastise
               Segovia
               ,
               wee
               cannot
               do
               it
               so
               much
               dammage
               ,
               as
               wee
               shall
               do
               favor
               to
               Toledo
               thereby
               .
               For
               all
               those
               whom
               wee
               take
               now
               for
               enemies
               ,
               wee
               make
               friends
               to
               Toledo
               .
               And
               by
               this
               means
               there
               will
               bee
               manie
               favorers
               of
               their
               Tyranie
               ,
               and
               but
               few
               to
               assist
               our
               Justice
               .
               Item
               ,
               it
               is
               to
               be
               considered
               that
               the
               Citie
               of
               Segovia
               and
               the
               Town
               of
               
                 Medina
                 del
                 Campo
              
               ,
               by
               reason
               of
               the
               Cloaths
               of
               the
               one
               ,
               and
               the
               fairs
               of
               the
               other
               ,
               Those
               two
               People
               used
               alwaies
               to
               bee
               like
               Brothers
               .
               My
               end
               in
               saying
               this
               is
               ,
               becaus
               the
               best
               Artillerie
               the
               King
               hath
               in
               Castilla
               is
               at
               Medina
               ,
               and
               if
               the
               business
               were
               come
               to
               that
               ,
               They
               would
               sooner
               give
               it
               Segovia
               for
               their
               defence
               ,
               then
               to
               us
               to
               punish
               them
               .
               And
               by
               this
               means
               Segovia
               will
               get
               the
               Artillerie
               ,
               and
               wee
               shall
               lose
               
                 Medina
                 .
                 Item
                 ,
                 Segovia
              
               hath
               not
               taken
               the
               Fort
               as
               yet
               ,
               nor
               disobeyed
               the
               Justice
               ,
               nor
               shut
               the
               Gates
               ,
               nor
               taken
               up
               Armes
               ;
               And
               if
               a
               Judge
               go
               thither
               to
               chastise
               them
               ,
               perchance
               wee
               shall
               (
               the
               Guiltie
               beeing
               fled
               away
               for
               fear
               of
               punishment
               )
               give
               occasion
               of
               fear
               to
               those
               that
               are
               Innocent
               ,
               and
               they
               put
               themselvs
               into
               a
               defensive
               posture
               thereupon
               .
               And
               this
               will
               bee
               the
               way
               to
               make
               those
               whom
               wee
               have
               as
               yet
               for
               subjects
               ,
               declare
               themselvs
               our
               enemies
               ,
               My
               Lords
               ,
               I
               will
               not
               extend
               my self
               any
               further
               in
               my
               discours
               ,
               but
               only
               that
               for
               the
               reasons
               which
               I
               have
               alleged
               ,
               and
               for
               others
               which
               I
               could
               produce
               ,
               I
               doe
               not
               deny
               but
               Segovia
               ought
               to
               bee
               chastised
               :
               But
               my
               vote
               is
               ,
               that
               for
               the
               present
               ,
               it
               should
               bee
               dissembled
               .
               For
               prolonging
               a
               punishment
               never
               did
               harm
               :
               and
               an
               over-hastie
               execution
               of
               Justice
               never
               did
               good
               .
            
             
               The
               Cardinal
               tak's
               and
               followe's
               the
               President
               's
               advice
               ,
               which
               was
               to
               chastise
               Segovia
               .
            
             
             
               All
               those
               that
               were
               present
               approved
               of
               
                 Don
                 Alonso
                 Tellez
              
               his
               opinion
               ,
               yet
               the
               Cardinal
               agreed
               to
               do
               according
               to
               the
               vote
               of
               
                 Don
                 Antonio
                 de
                 Rojas
                 ,
                 President
                 .
              
               For
               hee
               was
               a
               man
               so
               violently
               hastie
               and
               opiniative
               ,
               that
               no
               body
               could
               perswade
               him
               to
               any
               thing
               ,
               neither
               would
               hee
               bee
               contradicted
               .
            
             
               There
               were
               certain
               Fryers
               ,
               who
               did
               much
               harm
               in
               these
               commotions
               ,
               som
               out
               of
               Zeal
               ,
               others
               beeing
               of
               turbulent
               Spirits
               and
               too
               busie
               ,
               and
               medling
               with
               Secular
               affairs
               ,
               which
               suite
               not
               with
               a
               Religious
               life
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXVIII
             .
          
           
             IN
             one
             and
             the
             same
             day
             rose
             the
             Cities
             of
             Zamora
             &
             Segovia
             .
             
             In
             Zamora
             began
             the
             furie
             of
             the
             People
             against
             their
             Commissioners
             ,
             who
             had
             exceedingly
             incensed
             them
             ,
             becaus
             when
             that
             Citie
             had
             notice
             that
             Toledo
             ,
             gave
             limited
             Powers
             to
             their
             Commissioners
             ,
             They
             would
             do
             the
             same
             .
             But
             their
             Commissioners
             told
             them
             ,
             they
             might
             not
             do
             so
             ,
             and
             having
             received
             their
             Orders
             ,
             they
             made
             oath
             of
             fealty
             to
             the
             People
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             not
             act
             any
             thing
             ,
             without
             first
             giving
             them
             notice
             ;
             of
             which
             oath
             afterwards
             the
             Commissioners
             desired
             the
             Emperor
             to
             quit
             them
             ,
             and
             they
             granted
             the
             Subsidie
             .
             Whereupon
             the
             People
             were
             so
             inraged
             ,
             that
             they
             desired
             to
             have
             them
             burnt
             .
             They
             having
             som
             inklings
             hereof
             ,
             fled
             to
             a
             Monasterie
             a
             little
             day's
             Journy
             from
             Zamora
             (
             called
             Marta
             )
             .
             The
             People
             in
             mean
             time
             went
             to
             their
             houses
             ,
             and
             not
             finding
             them
             ,
             They
             resolved
             to
             pluck
             down
             their
             houses
             ,
             but
             did
             not
             ,
             out
             of
             respect
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Alva
             ,
             to
             whom
             all
             that
             Citie
             (
             as
             they
             had
             reason
             )
             did
             bear
             particular
             honor
             and
             respect
             .
             His
             Authoritie
             prevailed
             much
             ,
             and
             hindred
             the
             
               Common
               People
            
             from
             doing
             a
             Thousand
             other
             mischiefs
             ,
             but
             this
             it
             could
             not
             ;
             which
             was
             ,
             The
             People
             not
             finding
             the
             Commissioners
             ,
             made
             Statues
             ,
             that
             resembled
             them
             ,
             which
             they
             dragg'd
             about
             the
             streets
             with
             many
             reproachful
             exclamations
             
             against
             them
             ,
             proclaiming
             them
             Traitors
             and
             Enemies
             to
             their
             Countrie
             .
             After
             that
             they
             caused
             their
             pictures
             to
             bee
             set
             up
             in
             the
             Consistorie
             ,
             with
             a
             writing
             at
             the
             foot
             of
             each
             ,
             to
             signifie
             who
             they
             were
             ,
             and
             what
             they
             had
             done
             against
             that
             Citie
             ,
             and
             against
             the
             Faith
             they
             had
             sworn
             to
             them
             .
             At
             length
             ,
             hearing
             that
             they
             were
             retired
             into
             that
             Monasterie
             ,
             they
             sent
             to
             the
             Friers
             to
             turn
             them
             out
             ,
             if
             not
             ,
             they
             would
             go
             and
             set
             fire
             to
             the
             hous
             .
             And
             although
             they
             desired
             libertie
             to
             com
             with
             saftie
             of
             their
             persons
             to
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             give
             them
             account
             of
             what
             they
             had
             done
             in
             Parlament
             ,
             the
             People
             would
             not
             grant
             it
             ,
             but
             used
             means
             to
             kill
             them
             .
             In
             that
             Citie
             there
             were
             two
             great
             factions
             ,
             one
             for
             
               Don
               Diego
               Enriques
               Earl
            
             of
             Alva
             ,
             the
             other
             for
             the
             
               Bishop
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Acunia
            
             ,
             of
             whom
             I
             shall
             speak
             hereafter
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXIX
             .
          
           
             THe
             Governor
             
               Cardinal
               Adriano
            
             desirous
             to
             go
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             end
             hee
             might
             make
             his
             entrance
             with
             the
             Autoritie
             that
             was
             requisite
             for
             his
             person
             and
             dignitie
             ,
             required
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             who
             was
             at
             Villalpando
             ,
             to
             accompanie
             him
             ,
             which
             hee
             did
             ;
             and
             so
             they
             entered
             into
             Valladolid
             on
             
               Corpus
               Christi
            
             eve
             ,
             whence
             the
             Constable
             returned
             presently
             .
             And
             if
             the
             President
             of
             the
             Council
             had
             not
             gon
             thither
             before
             ,
             and
             the
             Cardinal
             soon
             after
             well
             attended
             ,
             doubtless
             that
             Citie
             had
             done
             no
             less
             then
             Segovia
             and
             Zamora
             .
             For
             their
             Commissioners
             beeing
             returned
             (
             who
             were
             
               Francisco
               dela
               Serna
            
             ,
             and
             
               Gabriell
               de
               Santistevan
            
             )
             The
             People
             knowing
             that
             they
             had
             granted
             the
             Subsidie
             ,
             and
             hearing
             how
             the
             other
             Cities
             had
             welcomed
             their
             Commissioners
             ,
             they
             went
             in
             bands
             and
             clusters
             up
             and
             down
             the
             streets
             murmuring
             and
             grumbling
             amongst
             themselvs
             .
             Wherefore
             the
             Commissioners
             and
             the
             Council
             of
             the
             Citie
             agreed
             not
             to
             divulge
             the
             Articles
             ,
             until
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             the
             Council
             were
             arrived
             .
             And
             out
             of
             
             this
             feare
             they
             dispatched
             a
             Post
             to
             the
             
               Arch-Bishop
               President
            
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             desiring
             him
             to
             com
             speedily
             thither
             ,
             and
             this
             was
             the
             reason
             that
             hee
             went
             before
             and
             stayed
             not
             for
             the
             Cardinal
             .
             This
             was
             the
             occasion
             that
             Valladolid
             refrained
             for
             som
             time
             from
             doing
             what
             afterwards
             it
             did
             .
             At
             last
             it
             broke
             out
             like
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Cities
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             ▪
             XL.
             
          
           
             THis
             fire
             most
             furiously
             and
             strangely
             spread
             it self
             through
             the
             other
             Cities
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             agreed
             together
             and
             corresponded
             by
             watch-Towers
             and
             Beakons
             (
             as
             they
             are
             wont
             to
             do
             in
             the
             frontiers
             and
             upon
             Sea-coasts
             )
             so
             manie
             places
             burst
             out
             into
             these
             Commotions
             at
             one
             instant
             .
             I
             have
             read
             in
             a
             Letter
             from
             
               Leon
               Picardo
            
             ,
             a
             servant
             to
             the
             Lord
             Constable
             and
             his
             Painter
             ,
             
             that
             feeding
             his
             hawk
             at
             night
             in
             Burgos
             ,
             there
             was
             so
             grievous
             an
             earthquake
             that
             the
             dishes
             fell
             off
             the
             shelvs
             ,
             the
             tiles
             off
             the
             houses
             ,
             nay
             and
             som
             buildings
             were
             turned
             topsie-turvie
             ,
             and
             his
             hawk
             dyed
             with
             the
             fright
             ,
             as
             also
             som
             women
             with
             child
             .
             Presently
             after
             which
             at
             the
             same
             beginning
             of
             Iune
             ,
             the
             People
             of
             Burgos
             rose
             with
             great
             disorder
             ,
             many
             of
             them
             armed
             and
             crying
             out
             very
             confusedly
             .
             The
             
               Common
               People
            
             through
             the
             parishes
             and
             quarters
             assembled
             at
             the
             Chappell
             of
             
               Santa
               Katherina
               del
               Claustro
               nuevo
            
             in
             the
             great
             Church
             (
             as
             they
             used
             to
             do
             for
             the
             election
             of
             officers
             and
             other
             things
             .
             
             There
             they
             discoursed
             concerning
             the
             risings
             &
             Commotions
             which
             were
             much
             noised
             in
             Castilla
             ,
             there
             was
             nothing
             resolved
             amongst
             them
             but
             great
             clamors
             &
             divers
             opinions
             ,
             &
             going
             out
             with
             that
             hurly-burly
             and
             disorder
             as
             is
             usuall
             at
             such
             meetings
             .
             At
             last
             a
             great
             multitude
             of
             them
             being
             assembled
             at
             a
             middle
             row
             of
             houses
             close
             by
             the
             Gate
             of
             Sarmental
             ,
             they
             agreed
             to
             rise
             also
             ,
             which
             they
             did
             ,
             &
             stood
             upon
             the
             same
             terms
             as
             the
             other
             Cities
             had
             done
             ;
             they
             nominated
             two
             chiefs
             ,
             
               Anton
               Cucbillero
            
             and
             
               Bernal
               
               de
               la
               Rixa
            
             ,
             who
             with
             this
             rout
             went
             to
             seek
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Osorio
            
             Lord
             of
             Abarca
             ,
             a
             gentleman
             of
             great
             qualitie
             ,
             inhabitant
             of
             the
             Citie
             of
             Burgos
             ,
             but
             met
             him
             not
             until
             the
             Evening
             ;
             having
             found
             him
             ,
             they
             brought
             him
             by
             violence
             into
             the
             market-place
             with
             much
             nois
             and
             tumult
             ,
             saying
             ,
             Th●t
             hee
             must
             bee
             their
             Chief
             ,
             and
             must
             govern
             them
             :
             they
             put
             a
             white
             staff
             of
             Justice
             into
             his
             hand
             ,
             and
             upon
             his
             left
             arm
             a
             Target
             .
             
               Don
               Diego
            
             bid
             them
             be
             quiet
             ,
             and
             tell
             him
             wherefore
             they
             brought
             him
             out
             of
             his
             hous
             ,
             and
             put
             him
             in
             that
             equipage
             .
             They
             answered
             ,
             That
             as
             a
             gentleman
             hee
             should
             protect
             them
             and
             free
             them
             from
             that
             slaverie
             wherein
             they
             lived
             .
             They
             would
             not
             hear
             him
             speak
             ,
             but
             threatned
             him
             ,
             if
             hee
             would
             not
             do
             as
             they
             required
             him
             :
             they
             continued
             pressing
             of
             him
             thus
             till
             night
             ,
             and
             staied
             for
             his
             resolution
             till
             next
             daie
             .
             
               Don
               Diego
            
             at
             that
             time
             was
             Governor
             of
             Cordova
             ,
             and
             came
             thither
             onely
             to
             see
             the
             Ladie
             
               Isabel
               de
               Rojas
            
             his
             wife
             and
             his
             children
             ,
             so
             hee
             presently
             got
             out
             of
             their
             hands
             ,
             and
             that
             same
             night
             took
             his
             waie
             towards
             Cordova
             ,
             leaving
             his
             hous
             to
             the
             charge
             &
             care
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Cartagena
            
             Lord
             of
             Olmillos
             (
             who
             had
             married
             the
             Ladie
             
               Marie
               de
               Rojas
            
             his
             daughter
             )
             to
             the
             Dean
             of
             
               Burgos
               Don
               Pedro
               Xuarez
               de
               Velasco
               ,
            
             and
             
               Francisco
               Sarmiento
            
             ,
             who
             was
             his
             kinsman
             .
             These
             Gentlemen
             repaired
             forthwith
             to
             
               Don
               Diego
               Osorio's
            
             hous
             ,
             where
             they
             found
             his
             wife
             and
             daughter
             very
             disconsolate
             for
             his
             absence
             ,
             and
             fearing
             the
             People's
             threatnings
             ,
             
             who
             hearing
             
               Don
               Diego
            
             was
             gone
             ,
             assembled
             together
             and
             came
             with
             intent
             to
             break
             open
             the
             hous
             ,
             plunder
             it
             and
             pluck
             it
             to
             the
             ground
             .
             But
             these
             gentlemen
             ,
             beeing
             advertised
             of
             their
             design
             ,
             stood
             all
             in
             the
             gate
             with
             their
             swords
             and
             daggers
             drawn
             ,
             threatning
             to
             cut
             in
             pieces
             whosoëver
             durst
             attempt
             to
             break
             in
             ,
             and
             vowing
             that
             they
             were
             resolved
             to
             lose
             their
             lives
             upon
             that
             account
             .
             This
             resolution
             of
             their's
             daunted
             the
             Assailers
             ,
             so
             that
             none
             offered
             to
             stir
             ,
             but
             went
             all
             quietly
             away
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Xuarez
               de
               Velasco
            
             went
             along
             with
             them
             ,
             for
             
               Bernal
               de
               la
               Rixa
            
             the
             Cutler
             ,
             their
             Captain
             ,
             bore
             him
             much
             respect
             ,
             becaus
             hee
             had
             received
             a
             son
             of
             his
             nam'd
             Valoradico
             ,
             to
             be
             a
             singing-boie
             
             in
             his
             Church
             .
             Xuarez's
             getting
             the
             good
             will
             of
             this
             Cutler
             was
             of
             such
             importance
             ,
             that
             by
             his
             means
             hee
             knew
             all
             the
             secret
             dealings
             and
             intentions
             of
             the
             Communalty
             ,
             and
             was
             admitted
             somtimes
             into
             their
             Assemblies
             .
             They
             went
             by
             Squadrons
             up
             and
             down
             the
             Citie
             ,
             committing
             manie
             outrages
             and
             insol●ncies
             ,
             like
             men
             distracted
             and
             without
             judgment
             .
             An
             humor
             took
             them
             to
             burn
             down
             the
             Carthusian's
             wood
             ,
             and
             as
             they
             were
             going
             with
             this
             resolution
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Xuarez
            
             met
             them
             by
             the
             waie
             ,
             and
             told
             them
             ,
             that
             it
             would
             bee
             very
             well
             done
             of
             them
             ,
             indeed
             ,
             to
             set
             that
             wood
             on
             fire
             ,
             but
             the
             world
             would
             bee
             so
             rosted
             with
             the
             heat
             ,
             that
             it
             were
             better
             to
             keep
             the
             wood
             till
             winter
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             burn
             it
             in
             the
             field
             to
             no
             purpose
             ;
             so
             hee
             turned
             them
             back
             again
             from
             St
             
               Paul's
               Bridg.
            
             They
             were
             so
             audacious
             as
             to
             assault
             the
             Lord
             Constable's
             hous
             ,
             hee
             beeing
             Chief
             of
             that
             Citie
             ,
             and
             having
             heard
             that
             the
             Dutchess
             
               Donia
               Maria
               de
               Tobar
            
             Marquess
             of
             Berlanga
             ,
             a
             Ladie
             of
             great
             worth
             ,
             had
             threatned
             them
             ,
             they
             came
             one
             daie
             in
             great
             number
             thither
             ,
             and
             having
             environed
             the
             hous
             ,
             they
             shot
             off
             a
             piece
             of
             Ordnance
             ,
             which
             beat
             down
             a
             corner
             of
             the
             Tower
             ,
             so
             they
             entred
             into
             the
             hous
             ,
             &
             the
             Dutchess
             was
             forc'd
             to
             hide
             her self
             in
             som
             secret
             by-place
             .
             They
             went
             also
             to
             
               Garci
               Ruiz
               de
               la
               Mota
            
             his
             hous
             ,
             (
             who
             had
             been
             Commissioner
             in
             that
             last
             Parlament
             ,
             brother
             to
             
               Maestro
               Mota
            
             Bishop
             of
             Badajos
             and
             Palencia
             )
             with
             intent
             to
             kill
             him
             ,
             but
             not
             finding
             him
             (
             for
             hee
             was
             fled
             )
             they
             burned
             and
             pluck't
             down
             his
             hous
             ,
             where
             were
             consumed
             great
             number
             of
             Writings
             ,
             as
             Deeds
             and
             Charters
             ,
             and
             manie
             other
             papers
             concerning
             the
             King
             and
             Kingdom
             ,
             which
             hee
             had
             in
             keeping
             .
             That
             which
             they
             burned
             in
             Mota's
             hous
             ,
             was
             valued
             above
             three
             Millions
             ,
             when
             they
             carried
             it
             to
             the
             place
             where
             they
             made
             the
             Bonfire
             ,
             into
             which
             they
             cast
             all
             the
             moveables
             they
             could
             finde
             in
             the
             hous
             ;
             as
             pure
             linnen
             ,
             rich
             tapistrie-hangings
             ,
             cloaths
             ,
             houshold-stuff
             ,
             and
             manie
             chests
             or
             trunks
             full
             ,
             all
             which
             they
             burned
             ,
             without
             making
             benefit
             of
             anie
             thing
             (
             which
             was
             a
             wonder
             ,
             considering
             the
             condition
             of
             such
             mean
             people
             )
             .
             In
             the
             like
             furie
             they
             went
             
             and
             pulled
             down
             the
             hous
             of
             one
             of
             the
             King's
             Harbingers
             ,
             named
             
               Garci
               Iofre
            
             ,
             who
             ,
             though
             hee
             was
             a
             Frenchman
             born
             ,
             had
             been
             a
             long
             time
             in
             the
             King
             of
             Spain's
             service
             and
             the
             Emperor's
             .
             Hee
             was
             married
             ,
             and
             had
             his
             dwelling
             in
             that
             Citie
             :
             they
             were
             incensed
             against
             him
             for
             no
             other
             reason
             ,
             but
             becaus
             the
             Emperor
             had
             given
             him
             the
             command
             of
             the
             Hous
             and
             Castle
             of
             Lara
             ,
             which
             Burgos
             pretended
             was
             theirs
             ,
             and
             they
             demanded
             it
             of
             him
             ,
             but
             becaus
             hee
             told
             them
             that
             hee
             had
             received
             that
             Castle
             of
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             could
             not
             deliver
             it
             to
             anie
             but
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             they
             went
             to
             kill
             him
             ▪
             neither
             stopped
             their
             furie
             there
             ;
             for
             poor
             Iofre
             being
             unfortunately
             there
             that
             daie
             ,
             (
             beeing
             returned
             from
             France
             ,
             whither
             hee
             went
             by
             the
             Emperors
             command
             with
             the
             French
             Embassador
             )
             and
             seeing
             how
             they
             plucked
             his
             Houses
             down
             ,
             hee
             went
             to
             Lara
             ,
             saying
             ,
             
               That
               hee
               hoped
               in
               God
               to
               bee
               revenged
               ,
               and
               to
               build
               up
               his
               Houses
               much
               better
               with
               those
               Rascal's
               monie
               ,
               then
               they
               were
               when
               they
               pulled
               them
               down
               ,
               and
               that
               hee
               should
               make
               morter
               of
               their
               bones
               ,
               and
               temper
               the
               chalk
               with
               their
               blood
               .
            
             This
             being
             known
             in
             the
             Citie
             by
             the
             report
             of
             a
             Collier
             (
             to
             whom
             Iofre
             spoke
             it
             by
             the
             waie
             )
             they
             sent
             som
             men
             on
             hors-back
             privately
             after
             him
             ,
             who
             overtook
             him
             in
             a
             little
             village
             called
             
               Vivar
               del
               Cid
            
             ,
             three
             leagues
             from
             Burgos
             ,
             where
             drawing
             him
             out
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             they
             apprehended
             him
             ,
             &
             had
             cut
             him
             in
             pieces
             there
             ,
             but
             for
             som
             Gentlemen
             ,
             who
             qualified
             them
             for
             the
             present
             ;
             yet
             they
             would
             not
             let
             him
             go
             out
             of
             their
             hands
             ,
             but
             brought
             him
             to
             Burgos
             back
             again
             and
             clapt
             him
             into
             prison
             ,
             where
             with
             blows
             and
             thrusts
             they
             soon
             dispatched
             him
             ,
             and
             beeing
             dead
             ,
             they
             tied
             his
             feet
             together
             ,
             and
             dragged
             him
             first
             to
             his
             own
             door
             ,
             striking
             and
             pinking
             his
             bodie
             with
             their
             swords
             all
             the
             waie
             :
             then
             they
             drew
             him
             through
             all
             the
             streets
             ,
             and
             at
             last
             hanged
             him
             with
             his
             head
             downwards
             .
             
               Don
               Inigo
               Fernandez
               de
               Velasco
            
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             who
             was
             at
             Villalpando
             ,
             being
             informed
             hereof
             by
             a
             Letter
             from
             the
             Cardinal
             (
             wherein
             hee
             desired
             him
             for
             the
             love
             of
             God
             to
             go
             speedily
             &
             set
             som
             remedie
             and
             order
             in
             that
             Citie
             )
             went
             presently
             to
             Burgos
             ,
             and
             out
             of
             affection
             
             in
             regard
             those
             of
             his
             familie
             for
             manie
             successions
             had
             been
             born
             in
             that
             Citie
             ,
             he
             took
             upon
             him
             the
             staff
             and
             office
             of
             Governor
             ,
             which
             the
             Inhabitants
             most
             willingly
             embraced
             ;
             there
             hee
             continued
             som
             time
             ,
             whose
             presence
             was
             the
             onely
             remedie
             and
             means
             to
             hinder
             the
             enraged
             people
             of
             that
             Citie
             from
             committing
             a
             thousand
             other
             Insolencies
             .
             What
             happened
             afterwards
             you
             shall
             hear
             hereafter
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XLI
             .
          
           
             A
             Certain
             Judg
             nam'd
             
               Hernan
               Gomez
               de
               Herrera
            
             ,
             whose
             wife
             and
             familie
             was
             in
             Madrid
             ,
             
             took
             that
             occasion
             to
             go
             from
             Valladolid
             thither
             ;
             but
             being
             arriv'd
             ,
             the
             People
             began
             to
             mutinie
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             hee
             was
             com
             thither
             to
             take
             examinations
             against
             Toledo
             ;
             at
             which
             nois
             manie
             People
             assembled
             presently
             together
             and
             went
             in
             a
             tumultuous
             manner
             to
             apprehend
             him
             in
             his
             hous
             ;
             but
             hee
             having
             notice
             thereof
             ,
             used
             means
             forthwith
             to
             bee
             secretly
             conveied
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ;
             so
             hee
             escaped
             with
             fear
             enough
             ;
             for
             if
             the
             Common-people
             had
             light
             upon
             him
             ,
             they
             would
             have
             given
             him
             hard
             measure
             .
             Thence
             the
             disorderly
             Multitude
             went
             to
             
               Francisco
               de
               Varas
            
             his
             hous
             ,
             (
             one
             of
             the
             Council
             )
             and
             took
             away
             all
             the
             Arms
             they
             could
             finde
             ;
             as
             Fowling-pieces
             Arquebusses
             ,
             Cros-bows
             ,
             Arrows
             ,
             Pikes
             ,
             four
             hundred
             Corslets
             ,
             and
             manie
             Halberds
             ,
             which
             they
             put
             into
             a
             strong
             place
             for
             their
             own
             defence
             when
             occasion
             should
             require
             :
             they
             set
             Guards
             all
             the
             Citie
             over
             ,
             watching
             and
             going
             their
             rounds
             through
             all
             the
             streets
             and
             walls
             ,
             to
             the
             great
             hinderance
             of
             Commerce
             and
             destruction
             of
             the
             Citie
             .
             
             In
             the
             same
             manner
             rose
             
               Siguenca
               ,
               Guadalaxara
               ,
               Salamanca
               ,
               Murcia
               ,
            
             and
             manie
             other
             places
             of
             importance
             ,
             where
             were
             divers
             things
             committed
             ,
             not
             unlike
             those
             which
             I
             have
             already
             declared
             ,
             which
             would
             bee
             an
             endless
             business
             for
             mee
             to
             describe
             particularly
             .
             The
             seventh
             of
             Iune
             ,
             in
             this
             present
             year
             1520
             ,
             the
             Citie
             of
             Leon
             was
             verie
             quiet
             ,
             and
             stood
             
             much
             for
             the
             King's
             service
             :
             for
             it
             seemed
             that
             Valladolid
             had
             written
             to
             them
             to
             know
             whether
             they
             had
             received
             anie
             Letter
             from
             Toledo
             concerning
             their
             business
             or
             not
             :
             Whereto
             Leon
             made
             Answer
             ,
             That
             as
             yet
             they
             had
             received
             nothing
             in
             particular
             from
             Toledo
             touching
             that
             matter
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Citie
             of
             Leon
             was
             fully
             determined
             ,
             not
             to
             do
             ,
             or
             consent
             to
             anie
             thing
             ,
             for
             the
             whole
             world
             ,
             that
             might
             bee
             anie
             disservice
             to
             his
             Cesarean
             Majestie
             ,
             or
             contrarie
             to
             the
             fidelitie
             they
             owed
             him
             ,
             especially
             the
             most
             Reverend
             Cardinal
             remaining
             Governor
             ,
             with
             the
             Lord
             President
             and
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             to
             whom
             that
             Citie
             was
             so
             much
             obliged
             .
             ●t
             had
             been
             well
             for
             that
             Citie
             if
             they
             had
             continued
             in
             that
             minde
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XLII
             .
          
           
             THe
             24
             of
             Iune
             ,
             1520
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             beeing
             at
             Bruxels
             received
             information
             of
             all
             the
             passages
             in
             Toledo
             and
             other
             places
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             Letter
             which
             Toledo
             sent
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             their
             Answer
             :
             Whereupon
             hee
             wrote
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             giving
             them
             a
             full
             relation
             of
             his
             Voiage
             by
             Sea
             ,
             how
             hee
             was
             entertained
             by
             his
             Uncle
             and
             Aunt
             in
             England
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             had
             confirmed
             a
             most
             sure
             League
             of
             Peace
             and
             Amitie
             together
             ;
             That
             thence
             hee
             intended
             about
             the
             middle
             of
             September
             to
             bee
             at
             Aquisgran
             ,
             to
             receiv
             his
             Imperial
             Crown
             ,
             with
             manie
             other
             circumstances
             ;
             and
             at
             last
             ,
             That
             he
             resolved
             ,
             God
             willing
             ,
             to
             return
             into
             that
             Kingdom
             much
             sooner
             then
             hee
             had
             promised
             at
             the
             Parlament
             ,
             mean
             time
             hee
             incharged
             them
             Peace
             ,
             quietness
             ,
             and
             obedience
             to
             the
             Commands
             of
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             his
             Governor
             ,
             President
             and
             Council
             ,
             &c.
             and
             if
             there
             should
             arise
             anie
             mutinies
             or
             Commotion
             in
             anie
             other
             Towns
             ,
             that
             they
             ,
             out
             of
             their
             antient
             and
             well
             approved
             fidelitie
             ,
             would
             indeavor
             to
             pacifie
             and
             suppress
             them
             ,
             for
             they
             knew
             the
             love
             and
             affection
             which
             hee
             bore
             that
             Citie
             ,
             which
             might
             sufficiently
             
             appear
             by
             the
             favors
             hee
             had
             granted
             them
             in
             former
             Parlaments
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Copie
             which
             hee
             sent
             with
             that
             Letter
             .
             There
             was
             also
             a
             General
             Letter
             to
             all
             the
             Cities
             and
             Towns
             of
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             who
             had
             Votes
             in
             Parlament
             ;
             but
             passion
             had
             gained
             such
             a
             transscendence
             over
             the
             hearts
             of
             the
             major
             part
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             not
             believ
             those
             Letters
             to
             bee
             from
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             but
             said
             openly
             that
             they
             were
             counterfeited
             ,
             neither
             did
             they
             anie
             waie
             abate
             their
             resentment
             of
             his
             so
             sudden
             departure
             out
             of
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             leaving
             them
             (
             by
             the
             counsel
             of
             his
             Favorites
             )
             involved
             in
             so
             great
             a
             fire
             ,
             and
             with
             so
             much
             povertie
             and
             pain
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XLIII
             .
          
           
             AFter
             this
             came
             news
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             how
             the
             Citie
             of
             Guadalaxara
             was
             revolted
             in
             the
             same
             manner
             ,
             and
             taking
             up
             Arms
             like
             the
             other
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             They
             chose
             for
             their
             Captain
             the
             Earl
             of
             Saldania
             ,
             eldest
             son
             to
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Vega
               y
               Mendoça
            
             Duke
             
               del
               Infantado
            
             ,
             and
             making
             use
             of
             his
             horses
             ,
             
             they
             pursued
             
               Diego
               de
               Guzman
            
             ,
             and
             
               Luis
               de
               Guzman
            
             ,
             their
             Commissioners
             in
             the
             late
             Parlament
             ,
             who
             ,
             for
             fear
             of
             their
             lives
             ,
             were
             fled
             from
             the
             Citie
             ;
             but
             not
             being
             able
             to
             overtake
             them
             ,
             they
             went
             to
             their
             houses
             ,
             which
             they
             razed
             ,
             and
             having
             plowed
             up
             the
             ground
             ,
             they
             sowed
             it
             with
             Salt
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             in
             regard
             they
             were
             Traitor's
             houses
             ,
             they
             must
             bee
             salted
             ,
             lest
             they
             should
             infect
             the
             rest
             with
             their
             infidelitie
             .
             Thence
             they
             went
             to
             the
             Duke
             ,
             beseeching
             him
             to
             favor
             and
             assist
             them
             ;
             if
             not
             ,
             they
             would
             have
             him
             to
             know
             ,
             that
             no
             Grandee
             must
             staie
             within
             that
             Citie
             ,
             which
             hee
             and
             his
             son
             were
             enforced
             to
             grant
             to
             satisfie
             them
             :
             but
             the
             Duke
             seeing
             the
             Citie
             in
             so
             great
             disorder
             ,
             and
             the
             Kingdoms
             all
             over
             inflamed
             with
             such
             Combustions
             ,
             sent
             an
             Express
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             desiring
             him
             (
             since
             God
             and
             the
             King
             had
             constituted
             him
             in
             that
             Office
             )
             to
             use
             all
             possible
             diligence
             and
             care
             
             to
             stop
             the
             current
             of
             those
             exorbitances
             ,
             and
             that
             without
             passion
             or
             affection
             hee
             would
             grant
             a
             general
             pardon
             ;
             for
             if
             hee
             suffered
             the
             sore
             to
             fester
             ,
             hee
             would
             not
             bee
             able
             to
             cure
             it
             when
             hee
             pleased
             .
             That
             hee
             would
             take
             off
             the
             Subsidie
             .
             That
             all
             Tallages
             and
             Impositions
             should
             bee
             reduced
             to
             the
             same
             estate
             as
             they
             were
             twentie
             five
             years
             past
             .
             That
             Offices
             and
             benefices
             should
             be
             taken
             from
             strangers
             ,
             and
             conferred
             upon
             the
             Natives
             of
             the
             Countrie
             :
             And
             that
             all
             this
             should
             suddenly
             bee
             performed
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             was
             well
             contented
             with
             his
             Letter
             ,
             but
             durst
             not
             do
             otherwise
             then
             was
             ordered
             by
             the
             Council
             ,
             until
             hee
             received
             further
             Commission
             from
             the
             Emperor
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XLIV
             .
          
           
             THe
             Order
             from
             the
             Council
             was
             ,
             that
             Ronquillo
             (
             a
             famous
             Judg
             in
             those
             times
             )
             should
             presently
             march
             to
             Segovia
             with
             all
             the
             men
             hee
             could
             make
             ,
             and
             punish
             the
             Delinquents
             .
             They
             sent
             with
             him
             a
             thousand
             Hors-men
             (
             most
             of
             which
             were
             of
             the
             Guards
             )
             under
             the
             Command
             of
             
               Don
               Luis
               de
               la
               Cueua
            
             ,
             and
             
               Ruy
               Diaz
               de
               Rojas
            
             ,
             who
             had
             Orders
             in
             case
             the
             Judg
             was
             not
             received
             into
             the
             Citie
             ,
             to
             batter
             and
             beat
             it
             down
             .
             But
             when
             his
             coming
             was
             known
             in
             Segovia
             ,
             those
             that
             were
             quiet
             and
             peaceable
             before
             ,
             jealousies
             and
             fears
             distracting
             their
             ill-tempered
             mindes
             ,
             rose
             and
             associated
             themselvs
             with
             the
             others
             ,
             and
             in
             particular
             ,
             one
             principal
             Gentleman
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             called
             
               Don
               Hernando
            
             ,
             who
             had
             written
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             that
             hee
             kept
             the
             Citie
             ,
             the
             Fort
             and
             the
             great
             Church
             for
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             had
             driven
             the
             Commonaltie
             into
             the
             Suburbs
             ,
             and
             moreover
             ,
             that
             there
             was
             great
             partialitie
             and
             difference
             amongst
             them
             ;
             upon
             whose
             advice
             and
             intimation
             the
             Judg
             was
             sent
             directly
             thither
             :
             but
             when
             they
             heard
             in
             what
             manner
             hee
             came
             ,
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             &
             the
             Common-people
             agreed
             so
             together
             ,
             that
             the
             Gates
             were
             
             shut
             against
             him
             ,
             and
             the
             towns-men
             all
             up
             in
             Arms.
             Ronquillo
             perceiving
             their
             strength
             and
             resistance
             to
             bee
             great
             ,
             retired
             himself
             to
             the
             Town
             of
             Arevalo
             ,
             and
             the
             Cardinal
             sent
             to
             him
             to
             return
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             until
             the
             Council
             should
             take
             further
             order
             therein
             .
             But
             the
             Judg
             did
             otherwise
             ,
             and
             from
             thence
             went
             to
             
               Santa
               Maria
               de
               Nieva
            
             ,
             five
             Leagues
             from
             Segovia
             ,
             where
             hee
             made
             his
             Requests
             and
             Protests
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             &
             began
             by
             Criers
             to
             publish
             Acts
             and
             Writs
             against
             them
             ,
             requiring
             them
             to
             submit
             to
             Justice
             ,
             or
             to
             appear
             and
             give
             a
             reason
             why
             they
             would
             not
             .
             Whereunto
             those
             of
             Segovia
             (
             'mongst
             whom
             at
             first
             there
             was
             no
             person
             of
             credit
             or
             respect
             ,
             but
             onely
             a
             furious
             and
             indiscreet
             Rabble
             )
             not
             onely
             not
             obeied
             nor
             answered
             ,
             but
             after
             som
             daies
             spent
             in
             par●ying
             and
             treating
             ;
             without
             fear
             or
             wit
             they
             sallied
             out
             ,
             to
             the
             number
             of
             four
             thousand
             men
             ,
             almost
             all
             on
             foot
             ,
             on
             purpose
             to
             meet
             Ronquillo
             and
             fight
             with
             him
             ,
             and
             in
             this
             manner
             they
             marched
             towards
             the
             place
             where
             hee
             was
             quartered
             .
             Hee
             ,
             with
             his
             Captains
             ,
             came
             presently
             to
             incounter
             them
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             affirmed
             ,
             that
             hee
             might
             easily
             have
             routed
             them
             (
             for
             although
             they
             were
             more
             in
             number
             ,
             they
             were
             but
             ordinarie
             people
             ,
             and
             as
             disorderly
             as
             unskilful
             .
             But
             he
             was
             unwilling
             thereunto
             ,
             out
             of
             respect
             that
             manie
             men's
             lives
             might
             have
             been
             lost
             in
             the
             Conflict
             ,
             or
             perchance
             being
             doubtful
             of
             the
             Success
             .
             So
             there
             were
             onely
             som
             light
             skermishes
             ,
             wherein
             Ronquillo
             took
             som
             of
             their
             baggage
             ,
             and
             divers
             of
             them
             prisoners
             ;
             whereof
             som
             he
             hang'd
             ,
             others
             he
             punished
             otherwise
             .
             So
             that
             the
             Segovians
             retreated
             with
             no
             s●al
             loss
             ,
             and
             thenceforwards
             hee
             advanced
             his
             Siege
             ,
             and
             cut
             of
             their
             Commerce
             and
             Provisions
             ,
             so
             that
             nothing
             could
             pass
             into
             or
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ;
             yet
             hee
             used
             no
             extremitie
             towards
             them
             ,
             becaus
             hee
             had
             still
             hopes
             of
             som
             accommodation
             .
             Hereupon
             Segovia
             mustered
             up
             their
             forces
             ,
             which
             amounted
             to
             twelv
             thousand
             men
             ,
             besides
             women
             and
             children
             who
             with
             an
             unspeakable
             courage
             took
             up
             Arms
             to
             defend
             the
             Citie
             against
             Ronquillo
             .
             They
             made
             strong
             Pallisadoes
             ,
             deep
             Ditches
             ,
             and
             chained
             all
             their
             streets
             .
             The
             Citie
             of
             Avila
             assisted
             them
             ,
             as
             
             if
             it
             had
             been
             their
             own
             Interest
             ,
             and
             both
             these
             Cities
             made
             a
             Joint-supplication
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             not
             proceed
             against
             them
             with
             so
             much
             rigor
             ;
             but
             receiving
             no
             satisfactorie
             answer
             ,
             they
             said
             ,
             Since
             it
             must
             bee
             so
             ,
             wee
             will
             remedie
             our
             selvs
             .
             At
             length
             Segovia
             ,
             finding
             themselvs
             streightned
             by
             the
             Siege
             ,
             wrote
             to
             the
             Citie
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             declaring
             the
             occasion
             of
             their
             Revolt
             ,
             excusing
             themselvs
             of
             the
             death
             of
             Tordesillas
             ,
             and
             imputing
             it
             to
             the
             indiscreet
             furie
             of
             som
             Carders
             and
             Teazers
             ,
             exclaiming
             against
             the
             rigor
             of
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             Council
             for
             sending
             Ronquillo
             ,
             not
             as
             an
             equitable
             Judg
             to
             do
             them
             Justice
             ,
             but
             as
             a
             cruel
             Tyrant
             to
             wage
             War
             against
             them
             ;
             and
             at
             last
             conjuring
             and
             imploring
             their
             succor
             and
             assistance
             to
             rais
             the
             Siege
             ,
             alleging
             that
             the
             punishment
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             Council
             intended
             to
             inflict
             upon
             Segovia
             ,
             was
             but
             the
             Precursor
             of
             the
             destruction
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             in
             regard
             they
             were
             in
             the
             same
             Predicament
             ,
             and
             declared
             by
             the
             Council
             for
             disobedient
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             those
             of
             Segovia
             ,
             were
             condemned
             for
             Traitors
             :
             In
             the
             Close
             of
             all
             ,
             they
             desired
             that
             Citie
             to
             give
             credit
             to
             the
             Relation
             of
             
               Rodrigo
               de
               Cieca
            
             ,
             and
             
               Albara
               de
               Guadarrama
            
             (
             the
             bearers
             of
             their
             Letter
             )
             who
             had
             Instructions
             and
             Orders
             to
             impart
             matters
             of
             higher
             consequence
             unto
             them
             ,
             which
             they
             durst
             not
             commit
             to
             paper
             .
             Other
             Letters
             ,
             to
             the
             same
             effect
             ,
             they
             sent
             to
             the
             other
             Cities
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             who
             all
             returned
             them
             great
             promisses
             and
             encouragement
             ,
             and
             in
             effect
             they
             sent
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             Council
             ,
             desiring
             a
             pardon
             for
             Segovia
             ,
             all
             but
             Toledo
             ,
             who
             beeing
             less
             scrupulous
             ,
             in
             stead
             of
             fair
             words
             ,
             sent
             them
             men
             of
             Arms
             to
             succor
             the
             Citie
             ,
             as
             shall
             appear
             hereafter
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XLV
             .
          
           
             TOledo
             ,
             upon
             receit
             of
             this
             Letter
             ,
             sent
             ,
             to
             reliev
             Segovia
             ,
             four
             hundred
             Musketiers
             ,
             as
             manie
             Halberdiers
             ,
             and
             three
             hundred
             Hors
             ,
             well
             Armed
             ,
             which
             were
             joifully
             received
             ,
             
             and
             gave
             them
             courage
             to
             sallie
             out
             again
             upon
             Ronquillo
             .
             But
             first
             they
             sent
             to
             him
             ,
             requiring
             that
             hee
             would
             let
             them
             alone
             ,
             depart
             from
             
               Santa
               Maria
               de
               Nieva
            
             (
             where
             hee
             laie
             )
             and
             that
             hee
             would
             meddle
             no
             more
             with
             the
             affairs
             of
             Segovia
             ,
             otherwise
             they
             would
             make
             him
             go
             away
             with
             a
             Vengeance
             .
             But
             Ronquillo
             thought
             to
             do
             what
             hee
             came
             for
             ,
             that
             was
             ,
             to
             enter
             into
             Segovia
             ,
             and
             punish
             severely
             the
             Delinquents
             ;
             to
             which
             effect
             hee
             assembled
             the
             whole
             Countrie
             thereabouts
             ,
             yet
             could
             not
             accomplish
             his
             Design
             ;
             for
             all
             the
             Cities
             and
             Towns
             that
             then
             were
             up
             ,
             were
             wedded
             so
             unanimously
             to
             that
             same
             Interest
             ,
             that
             there
             was
             much
             to
             bee
             feared
             .
             Ronquillo
             went
             from
             place
             to
             place
             ,
             one
             night
             hee
             laie
             in
             one
             Town
             ,
             the
             next
             night
             in
             another
             ,
             setting
             out
             Spies
             ,
             somtimes
             catching
             those
             that
             came
             out
             of
             Segovia
             ,
             and
             seeking
             all
             means
             possible
             to
             get
             into
             it
             .
             In
             the
             Market-place
             of
             
               Santa
               Maria
               de
               la
               Nieva
            
             hee
             made
             publick
             Acts
             ,
             Proclamations
             and
             Out-laws
             against
             the
             Segovians
             ;
             but
             they
             scorned
             and
             laughed
             at
             them
             ,
             and
             't
             is
             reported
             that
             the
             Common
             People
             set
             up
             a
             great
             high
             Gallows
             ,
             which
             they
             swept
             and
             watered
             everie
             daie
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             was
             to
             hang
             Ronquillo
             upon
             ,
             making
             shew
             of
             as
             much
             courage
             and
             resolution
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             had
             the
             whole
             world
             on
             their
             side
             ;
             this
             was
             when
             they
             saw
             how
             forward
             and
             ready
             Toledo
             was
             to
             back
             them
             ,
             and
             had
             furnished
             them
             with
             both
             men
             and
             monie
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XLVI
             .
          
           
             THe
             Cardinal
             seeing
             the
             ill
             success
             of
             this
             business
             ,
             sent
             about
             three
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             Lanciers
             ,
             and
             som
             Foot
             Souldiers
             ,
             of
             those
             which
             were
             Garrisoned
             in
             Navarra
             ,
             to
             Ronquillo
             ;
             with
             whom
             hee
             scoured
             the
             Confines
             of
             Segovia
             .
             One
             daie
             hee
             went
             to
             Zamarramala
             ,
             where
             hee
             caused
             to
             bee
             set
             up
             certain
             papers
             against
             the
             Segovians
             ,
             proclaiming
             them
             Traitors
             and
             Rebels
             ,
             and
             summoning
             them
             to
             appear
             before
             
             him
             within
             a
             certain
             time
             ;
             thence
             hee
             returned
             to
             Nieva
             ,
             where
             hee
             commanded
             a
             high
             Scaffold
             to
             bee
             built
             ,
             whereon
             hee
             caused
             to
             bee
             set
             other
             Acts
             and
             Writings
             to
             the
             same
             effect
             ,
             then
             gave
             order
             to
             bee
             proclaimed
             in
             all
             the
             adjacent
             Towns
             and
             Villages
             ,
             that
             no
             bodie
             should
             dare
             to
             carrie
             anie
             provisions
             whatsoëver
             to
             Segovia
             under
             pain
             of
             death
             .
             Segovia
             seeing
             Ronquillo
             use
             them
             so
             hardly
             ,
             keeping
             all
             provisions
             from
             them
             ;
             three
             thousand
             five
             hundred
             of
             them
             ,
             very
             well
             provided
             with
             Corslets
             ,
             Lances
             ,
             Halberds
             and
             Swords
             made
             another
             sallie
             ,
             one
             of
             the
             principal
             Citizens
             ,
             named
             Peralta
             ,
             was
             their
             Commander
             in
             Chief
             ;
             so
             with
             great
             nois
             and
             little
             order
             (
             as
             Common-people
             use
             to
             do
             )
             they
             marched
             directly
             towards
             
               Santa
               Maria
               de
               Nieva
            
             ,
             but
             at
             two
             Leagues
             distance
             from
             Segovia
             they
             met
             Ronquillo
             with
             his
             men
             (
             who
             were
             better
             disciplined
             then
             they
             )
             &
             made
             som
             shots
             at
             them
             ,
             whereupon
             they
             soberly
             retreated
             towards
             their
             quarters
             .
             The
             Segovians
             seeing
             that
             ,
             and
             thinking
             that
             they
             ran
             away
             ,
             pursued
             with
             great
             eagerness
             and
             in
             such
             disorder
             ,
             that
             the
             others
             turning
             upon
             them
             ,
             killed
             som
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             took
             
               Don
               Diego
               Peralta
            
             their
             Captain
             Prisoner
             ,
             and
             they
             took
             an
             Officer
             ,
             and
             som
             of
             Ronquillo's
             men
             .
             At
             last
             the
             Combat
             grew
             so
             hot
             ,
             that
             Ronquillo
             quitted
             his
             quarters
             ,
             and
             left
             the
             Segovians
             (
             beeing
             far
             more
             in
             number
             )
             masters
             of
             the
             place
             ,
             who
             presently
             set
             fire
             to
             the
             Scaffold
             ,
             and
             burned
             all
             the
             Acts
             and
             proclamations
             hee
             had
             set
             up
             against
             them
             .
             Upon
             this
             came
             a
             new
             supplie
             of
             three
             thousand
             men
             to
             them
             ,
             which
             gave
             them
             fresh
             courage
             ,
             and
             seeing
             themselvs
             so
             strong
             ,
             they
             followed
             Ronquillo
             ,
             and
             made
             two
             great
             shots
             at
             him
             ,
             which
             killed
             him
             two
             Hors-men
             ,
             and
             they
             took
             the
             Paie-master
             of
             his
             Forces
             ,
             with
             two
             millions
             of
             Maravediz
             (
             whereof
             thirtie
             four
             make
             six-pence
             sterl
             .
             )
             which
             hee
             carried
             to
             paie
             his
             men
             :
             this
             Prize
             ,
             with
             other
             prisoners
             ,
             they
             sent
             to
             
               Segovia
               .
               Ronquillo
            
             still
             retreated
             in
             good
             order
             ,
             and
             som
             of
             his
             Hors
             perceiving
             a
             Partie
             of
             about
             fortie
             men
             of
             the
             Segovians
             scattered
             in
             a
             smal
             Village
             near
             Nieva
             ,
             charged
             them
             ,
             and
             having
             took
             som
             they
             brought
             them
             to
             Ronquillo
             ,
             whereof
             he
             presently
             hanged
             two
             ,
             
             the
             rest
             he
             carried
             to
             Coca
             ,
             where
             he
             went
             to
             lodg
             .
             And
             the
             Segovians
             having
             rescued
             their
             Captain
             ,
             returned
             joifully
             to
             their
             Citie
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XLVII
             .
          
           
             THe
             distempers
             of
             Madrid
             (
             for
             as
             I
             have
             said
             ,
             that
             Citie
             rose
             also
             )
             were
             no
             less
             then
             those
             of
             the
             other
             Commonalties
             of
             
               Castillia
               .
               Francisco
               de
               Vargas
            
             a
             man
             of
             honor
             and
             approved
             fidelitie
             ,
             mainteined
             the
             Fort
             against
             the
             People
             ,
             notwithstanding
             all
             the
             diligences
             they
             could
             make
             to
             turn
             him
             out
             ,
             and
             possess
             themselvs
             of
             it
             .
             They
             required
             him
             oftentimes
             with
             manie
             threats
             ,
             that
             if
             he
             would
             not
             deliver
             it
             up
             to
             them
             ,
             they
             would
             hang
             as
             manie
             as
             they
             could
             light
             upon
             ,
             of
             those
             that
             were
             within
             .
             
               Francisco
               de
               Vargas
            
             perceiving
             the
             streight
             hee
             was
             in
             for
             want
             of
             men
             ,
             got
             secretly
             out
             one
             night
             and
             went
             to
             Alcala
             (
             six
             smal
             Leagues
             from
             thence
             )
             for
             som
             assistance
             .
             Hee
             procured
             about
             fortie
             men
             ,
             whom
             (
             that
             they
             might
             get
             into
             the
             Fort
             without
             beeing
             discovered
             )
             hee
             ordered
             to
             enter
             by
             two
             and
             two
             on
             hors-back
             .
             This
             could
             not
             bee
             carried
             so
             close
             ,
             but
             the
             Citie
             had
             som
             intelligence
             thereof
             .
             Whereupon
             the
             People
             beeing
             all
             Alarmed
             ,
             in
             great
             hast
             and
             furie
             ,
             som
             on
             Hors-back
             som
             on
             foot
             ,
             ran
             out
             to
             intercept
             him
             ,
             taking
             som
             Gentlemen
             to
             bee
             their
             Captains
             .
             Beeing
             in
             the
             field
             they
             ranked
             themselvs
             in
             better
             order
             ,
             and
             when
             the
             Captain
             of
             the
             Fort
             was
             readie
             to
             enter
             with
             his
             men
             ,
             they
             fell
             upon
             him
             ,
             who
             beeing
             but
             a
             smal
             number
             ,
             were
             forced
             to
             seek
             their
             safetie
             by
             flight
             ;
             
               Francisco
               de
               Vargas
            
             beeing
             advantagiously
             mounted
             ,
             with
             som
             others
             that
             were
             able
             to
             follow
             him
             ,
             returned
             to
             Alcala
             .
             The
             people
             after
             that
             ,
             grew
             more
             careful
             ,
             and
             kept
             Spies
             out
             and
             Guards
             in
             all
             the
             Avenues
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             then
             they
             fell
             upon
             the
             Fort
             with
             great
             furie
             ,
             encompassing
             it
             round
             ,
             but
             they
             durst
             not
             approach
             too
             near
             ,
             for
             those
             that
             were
             within
             defended
             themselvs
             very
             stoutly
             ,
             welcoming
             them
             with
             manie
             musket-bullets
             
             lets
             ,
             Cros-bow
             shot
             and
             stones
             .
             The
             Fort
             beeing
             in
             this
             streight
             ,
             
               Diego
               de
               Vera
            
             with
             his
             men
             approched
             ,
             &
             faced
             Madrid
             .
             Hee
             had
             force
             enough
             to
             have
             relieved
             the
             Fort
             with
             men
             and
             provisions
             ,
             and
             ill
             treated
             the
             Commoners
             of
             Madrid
             .
             But
             hee
             was
             wearied
             with
             a
             tedious
             march
             ,
             and
             discontented
             that
             hee
             had
             not
             received
             of
             a
             long
             time
             paie
             ,
             neither
             for
             himself
             ,
             nor
             his
             Souldiers
             ;
             besides
             ,
             at
             the
             same
             time
             Letters
             were
             brought
             him
             from
             the
             Citie
             of
             Avila
             (
             where
             hee
             was
             bo●●
             and
             had
             his
             estate
             and
             familie
             )
             wishing
             him
             to
             let
             those
             of
             Madrid
             alone
             ,
             and
             no
             waie
             to
             molest
             them
             ,
             for
             if
             hee
             did
             ,
             they
             would
             pluck
             down
             his
             hous
             ,
             and
             set
             fire
             on
             all
             his
             goods
             .
             Out
             of
             this
             fear
             
               Diego
               de
               Vera
            
             ,
             dissembling
             his
             design
             ,
             would
             not
             enter
             into
             Madrid
             ,
             nor
             do
             anie
             thing
             to
             help
             the
             one
             partie
             ,
             or
             prejudice
             the
             other
             .
             Madrid
             finding
             themselvs
             but
             weak
             in
             men
             ,
             and
             not
             very
             well
             provided
             with
             Arms
             ,
             sent
             to
             Toledo
             for
             succor
             ,
             who
             forthwith
             furnished
             them
             with
             five
             hundred
             men
             and
             thirtie
             Lances
             ,
             under
             the
             Command
             of
             
               Goncalo
               Gaytan
            
             .
             Having
             received
             this
             supplie
             ,
             they
             resolved
             to
             undermine
             the
             Fort
             in
             four
             places
             ,
             which
             they
             within
             perceiving
             ,
             shot
             still
             more
             and
             more
             fiercely
             ,
             and
             killed
             som
             of
             their
             workmen
             ,
             which
             made
             them
             leav
             mining
             by
             daie
             ,
             &
             labor
             onely
             in
             the
             night
             ,
             with
             Blindes
             and
             Engines
             ,
             made
             like
             Carts
             ,
             which
             they
             might
             go
             safely
             under
             ,
             and
             for
             their
             better
             securitie
             ,
             at
             the
             front
             of
             all
             ,
             they
             placed
             the
             Children
             and
             nearest
             of
             kin
             to
             those
             that
             were
             within
             the
             Fort
             ,
             to
             make
             them
             refrain
             from
             shooting
             ,
             for
             fear
             of
             killing
             them
             ;
             yet
             for
             all
             this
             ,
             
               Francisco
               de
               Vargas
            
             his
             wife
             (
             who
             was
             within
             )
             was
             so
             ready
             to
             assist
             ,
             and
             so
             wittily
             cunning
             to
             endeer
             and
             encourage
             her
             men
             to
             fight
             ,
             (
             lest
             her
             husband
             should
             bear
             anie
             blame
             )
             that
             they
             still
             held
             out
             ,
             and
             defended
             themselvs
             couragiously
             .
             The
             Towns-men
             sent
             to
             require
             them
             to
             surrender
             the
             Fort
             ,
             if
             not
             ,
             they
             threatned
             that
             none
             should
             go
             either
             in
             or
             out
             ,
             but
             should
             bee
             either
             killed
             or
             taken
             ;
             whereunto
             shee
             made
             Answer
             ,
             that
             they
             troubled
             themselvs
             in
             vain
             ,
             and
             shee
             would
             have
             them
             know
             ,
             That
             although
             her
             husband
             was
             absent
             ,
             neither
             shee
             ,
             nor
             anie
             of
             the
             rest
             with
             her
             ,
             were
             of
             
             such
             low
             and
             unworthie
             spirits
             ,
             as
             ,
             out
             of
             fear
             of
             their
             threatnings
             ,
             to
             do
             an
             act
             so
             prejudicial
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ,
             That
             they
             were
             all
             resolved
             rather
             to
             die
             in
             their
             own
             defence
             ,
             then
             commit
             so
             High
             a
             Treason
             ;
             for
             where
             shee
             was
             ,
             her
             Husband's
             honor
             should
             not
             suffer
             in
             the
             least
             .
             The
             People
             hearing
             this
             ,
             broke
             into
             a
             furious
             rage
             ,
             crying
             out
             with
             loud
             voices
             ,
             Let
             them
             die
             though
             wee
             all
             perish
             .
             ●o
             all
             beeing
             armed
             ,
             they
             environed
             the
             Fort
             on
             all
             sides
             ,
             and
             planted
             their
             Artillerie
             in
             order
             against
             it
             .
             Those
             within
             stood
             stoutly
             in
             their
             defence
             ,
             discharging
             all
             the
             great
             Guns
             they
             had
             ,
             which
             were
             manie
             and
             good
             ,
             and
             put
             in
             a
             readiness
             their
             Muskets
             and
             other
             Arms
             ,
             but
             they
             wanted
             men
             to
             plie
             their
             smal
             shot
             ,
             The
             Artillerie
             began
             to
             plaie
             on
             both
             sides
             .
             The
             Fort
             battered
             down
             all
             the
             neighboring
             houses
             ,
             and
             the
             Gunners
             shewed
             much
             skill
             both
             within
             and
             without
             ,
             yet
             did
             not
             so
             much
             mischief
             on
             either
             side
             ,
             as
             they
             might
             have
             done
             .
             At
             last
             came
             som
             Religious
             men
             to
             mediate
             a
             peaceable
             agreement
             .
             And
             as
             it
             was
             half
             concluded
             ,
             a
             Gentleman
             stept
             in
             and
             crossed
             all
             ,
             saying
             with
             a
             loud
             voice
             ,
             
               O
               you
               traitors
               ,
               rogues
               ,
               Iews
               of
            
             Madrid
             !
             
               What
               have
               yee
               done
               ?
               What
               Agreement
               is
               this
               you
               will
               make
               ,
               so●
               prejudicial
               to
               the
               King
               and
               your
               Citie
               ?
               you
               do
               it
               but
               out
               of
               cowardise
               .
            
             This
             and
             manie
             things
             more
             hee
             said
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             the
             people
             mutinied
             ,
             and
             grew
             rather
             more
             distempered
             then
             before
             ;
             som
             favored
             him
             ,
             others
             were
             enraged
             to
             kill
             him
             ,
             so
             there
             grew
             a
             great
             tumult
             ,
             and
             a
             bloodie
             confusion
             ,
             dealing
             blows
             and
             thrusts
             of
             Swords
             and
             Lances
             on
             all
             sides
             .
             But
             my
             Gentleman
             was
             taken
             at
             last
             by
             the
             Common
             people
             ,
             whereof
             som
             would
             have
             killed
             him
             presently
             ,
             others
             more
             discreet
             ,
             thought
             fitter
             to
             keep
             him
             prisoner
             ,
             until
             they
             knew
             what
             moved
             him
             to
             cast
             that
             seed
             of
             dissention
             amongst
             them
             ,
             to
             hinder
             the
             Agreement
             which
             was
             then
             concluding
             .
             The
             next
             daie
             ,
             the
             people
             returned
             to
             assault
             the
             Fort
             ,
             and
             their
             Gunner
             killed
             the
             Gunner
             of
             the
             Fort
             ,
             and
             left
             them
             none
             to
             manage
             the
             Artillerie
             .
             Then
             they
             cut
             off
             their
             water
             ,
             and
             their
             provision
             of
             Victuals
             growing
             short
             ,
             at
             last
             they
             were
             enforced
             to
             surrender
             the
             Fort
             to
             the
             Commander
             of
             those
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             .
             
             The
             People
             entred
             the
             Fort
             ,
             with
             great
             acclamations
             of
             joy
             and
             triumph
             .
             In
             it
             they
             found
             eight
             hundred
             compleat
             Suits
             of
             Armour
             ,
             a
             thousand
             lances
             ,
             a
             hundred
             ,
             halberts
             ,
             four
             fauconets
             ,
             three
             pieces
             of
             Cannon
             of
             one
             hundred
             pound
             bullet
             a
             peece
             (
             according
             to
             the
             list
             )
             three
             hundred
             bullets
             of
             iron
             cast
             ,
             foure
             pieces
             of
             ordnance
             ,
             which
             they
             took
             from
             
               Mercado
               de
               Fruslera
            
             ,
             twentie
             thousand
             pikes
             ,
             two
             thousand
             two
             hundred
             firelocks
             ,
             two
             thousand
             head-pieces
             ,
             gantlets
             and
             Cros-bows
             ,
             two
             whole
             Cannons
             ,
             seventeen
             hundred
             weight
             of
             powder
             ,
             eight
             field-pieces
             ,
             and
             five
             ●housand
             Corslets
             .
             All
             which
             Arms
             and
             Ammunition
             had
             been
             laid
             there
             by
             the
             Catholick
             Kings
             ,
             besides
             much
             more
             which
             was
             carried
             away
             to
             the
             battle
             of
             
               delos
               Gelves
            
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XLVIII
             .
          
           
             MAdrid
             beeing
             thus
             revolted
             ,
             and
             in
             design
             of
             possessing
             themselvs
             of
             the
             aforesaid
             Roial
             Fort
             and
             Magazine
             ,
             they
             sent
             for
             succor
             to
             
               Don
               Iohn
               Arias
            
             ,
             Lord
             of
             
               Torrejon
               de
               Velasco
            
             ,
             one
             of
             the
             chief
             Gentlemen
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             &
             of
             an
             Antient
             and
             Noble
             ●amilie
             .
             But
             hee
             beeing
             very
             dis●reet
             ,
             &
             exceedingly
             valiant
             ,
             answered
             them
             ,
             That
             hee
             would
             have
             nothing
             to
             do
             with
             anie
             su●h
             broils
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             desired
             to
             live
             peaceably
             at
             home
             without
             ingaging
             on
             either
             side
             :
             yet
             upon
             better
             consideration
             ,
             like
             a
             faithful
             servant
             to
             his
             King
             ,
             having
             gathered
             one
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             Hors
             ,
             with
             as
             manie
             Foot
             ,
             and
             a
             competent
             quantitie
             of
             Artillerie
             ,
             hee
             went
             to
             reliev
             the
             ●ort
             ;
             vvhich
             beeing
             known
             at
             Toledo
             and
             Alcala
             ,
             by
             messengers
             from
             Madrid
             ,
             they
             sent
             multitudes
             of
             People
             ,
             who
             joining
             all
             in
             one
             bodie
             ,
             fell
             upon
             his
             Town
             of
             
               Torrejon
               de
               Velasco
            
             ,
             vvhilest
             hee
             vvas
             upon
             his
             march
             tovvards
             Madrid
             :
             They
             sacked
             and
             burned
             it
             quite
             dovvn
             ,
             and
             hurt
             divers
             of
             the
             Inhabitants
             ,
             som
             they
             killed
             .
             This
             nevvs
             beeing
             brought
             to
             Arias
             ,
             hee
             returned
             much
             troubled
             and
             incensed
             to
             Torrejon
             ,
             
             swearing
             that
             hee
             would
             bee
             revenged
             ,
             and
             if
             hee
             could
             not
             get
             satisfaction
             from
             Madrid
             ,
             hee
             would
             not
             leave
             one
             Town
             there-abouts
             undestroyed
             .
             Som
             of
             his
             followers
             advised
             him
             to
             join
             with
             
               Diego
               de
               Vera
            
             who
             was
             come
             from
             Gelves
             ,
             with
             whose
             help
             and
             the
             good
             provision
             of
             Artillerie
             which
             hee
             had
             ,
             hee
             might
             besiege
             Madrid
             ,
             hereupon
             
               Don
               Iohn
               Arias
            
             demanded
             
               Don
               Diego's
            
             assistance
             ,
             but
             hee
             ex●used
             himself
             saying
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             tyred
             with
             his
             march
             ,
             neither
             would
             hee
             fight
             against
             any
             of
             the
             King's
             Towns.
             
               Iohn
               Arias
            
             did
             all
             the
             mischief
             hee
             could
             in
             the
             Towns
             adjacent
             to
             Madrid
             ,
             and
             the
             people
             were
             so
             fearful
             of
             his
             Souldiers
             ,
             that
             they
             durst
             not
             leave
             their
             cattle
             abroad
             .
             It
             fell
             out
             one
             night
             ,
             that
             the
             Village
             of
             Mostoles
             (
             which
             was
             near
             Torrejon
             )
             having
             notice
             that
             
               Io●n
               Arias
            
             would
             fall
             upon
             them
             ,
             they
             barricadoed
             their
             streets
             ,
             and
             put
             themselvs
             in
             a
             posture
             of
             defence
             ,
             but
             hee
             entred
             at
             another
             part
             ,
             where
             the
             inhabitants
             suspected
             not
             ,
             and
             sacked
             the
             Town
             ,
             and
             at
             their
             going
             away
             again
             ,
             all
             loaden
             with
             plunder
             ,
             the
             Townsmen
             all
             at
             once
             fell
             upon
             them
             and
             took
             all
             from
             them
             again
             ,
             but
             killed
             not
             a
             man.
             
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XLIX
             .
          
           
             
               DOn
               Iohn
               Arias
               de
               Avila
            
             ,
             afterwards
             seeing
             the
             inconstancie
             and
             fickleness
             of
             the
             Common
             People
             ,
             who
             neither
             kept
             oath
             nor
             promise
             ,
             desiring
             to
             serve
             his
             King
             ,
             and
             pacifie
             the
             tumults
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             went
             with
             som
             few
             servants
             to
             the
             Town
             of
             Illescas
             ,
             where
             the
             chief
             promoters
             of
             those
             combustions
             were
             with
             divers
             men
             in
             Arms
             ,
             and
             coming
             thither
             to
             treat
             of
             composing
             the
             matter
             in
             a
             peaceable
             waie
             ,
             hee
             expressed
             himself
             in
             such
             efficacious
             terms
             ,
             and
             gave
             them
             such
             undeniable
             reasons
             ,
             and
             friendly
             exhortations
             ,
             representing
             unto
             them
             the
             dangers
             whereunto
             they
             exposed
             their
             lives
             and
             fortunes
             ,
             by
             withdrawing
             themselvs
             from
             their
             obedience
             to
             their
             King
             ,
             that
             somtimes
             hee
             prevailed
             so
             far
             with
             ,
             them
             as
             
             to
             harken
             to
             an
             accommodation
             (
             but
             they
             continued
             not
             long
             in
             that
             mind
             )
             for
             the
             business
             depending
             of
             so
             many
             several
             People
             ,
             that
             which
             was
             concluded
             one
             day
             ,
             vvas
             quite
             broke
             off
             the
             next
             ;
             and
             at
             last
             they
             fell
             into
             such
             a
             popular
             madness
             ,
             that
             throvving
             aside
             all
             respect
             ,
             they
             vvould
             lay
             violent
             hands
             upon
             
               Don
               Iohn
               Arias
            
             ,
             peremptorily
             bidding
             him
             deliver
             up
             to
             them
             the
             places
             of
             strength
             ,
             vvhich
             hee
             had
             under
             his
             command
             ,
             and
             seeing
             hee
             would
             not
             do
             that
             ,
             they
             demanded
             the
             Artillerie
             vvhich
             vvas
             in
             them
             ;
             and
             becaus
             hee
             denyed
             that
             also
             ,
             vvith
             great
             nois
             and
             tumult
             they
             gathered
             together
             in
             the
             hous
             vvhere
             the
             Assemblie
             vvas
             kept
             ,
             and
             made
             an
             order
             that
             
               Iohn
               Arias
            
             should
             presently
             deliver
             the
             Artillerie
             ,
             and
             in
             case
             of
             default
             ,
             hee
             should
             suffer
             death
             as
             an
             enemie
             of
             the
             common
             good
             .
             This
             vvas
             intimated
             to
             him
             by
             a
             Notary
             Publick
             .
             But
             
               Iohn
               Arias
            
             vvith
             solid
             and
             good
             reasons
             ansvveared
             ,
             that
             hee
             could
             not
             do
             it
             .
             The
             People
             of
             Illescas
             hereupon
             vvent
             againe
             into
             the
             council
             ,
             and
             ordred
             ,
             that
             
               Iohn
               Arias
            
             should
             ,
             vvithout
             replie
             ,
             deliver
             the
             Artillerie
             ,
             or
             bee
             killed
             ;
             vvhereunto
             hee
             made
             ansvvere
             soberly
             and
             undauntedly
             ,
             That
             the
             life
             hee
             yet
             injoyed
             vvas
             onely
             his
             ovvn
             ,
             but
             the
             honor
             and
             good
             name
             descended
             from
             his
             Ancestours
             ,
             and
             should
             continue
             as
             an
             inheritance
             intailed
             upon
             his
             Successors
             ,
             That
             it
             vvas
             in
             their
             povvers
             to
             take
             avvay
             his
             life
             ,
             but
             not
             his
             honor
             ,
             for
             that
             hee
             could
             neither
             give
             nor
             lose
             ,
             That
             if
             they
             did
             take
             his
             life
             ,
             it
             would
             cost
             them
             many
             lives
             ,
             That
             they
             had
             best
             take
             heed
             what
             they
             did
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             could
             not
             take
             away
             the
             loyaltie
             which
             hee
             owed
             to
             his
             King
             though
             hee
             should
             lose
             a
             Thousand
             lives
             ,
             and
             that
             this
             should
             bee
             his
             resolution
             in
             despight
             of
             their
             cruiltie
             .
             The
             Common
             People
             ,
             seeing
             the
             resolute
             courage
             and
             constancie
             of
             
               Iohn
               Arias
               de
               Avila
            
             ,
             suspended
             for
             the
             present
             the
             mischief
             they
             intended
             against
             him
             ,
             so
             hee
             tooke
             horse
             and
             rode
             with
             a
             stayed
             serious
             countenance
             through
             the
             Town
             ,
             attended
             onely
             with
             those
             few
             servants
             hee
             brought
             with
             him
             ,
             and
             thence
             returned
             to
             Torrejon
             ,
             whereof
             the
             People
             of
             Illescas
             presently
             repented
             themselvs
             ,
             and
             condemned
             one
             another
             of
             unadvisedness
             ,
             in
             that
             they
             had
             not
             
             killed
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             ,
             kept
             him
             prisoner
             ▪
             But
             
               John
               Arias
            
             mainteined
             stoutly
             three
             Forts
             well
             provided
             of
             men
             and
             armes
             in
             the
             King's
             service
             against
             them
             ,
             which
             were
             of
             great
             importance
             for
             the
             suppressing
             and
             hindering
             the
             outrages
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             and
             those
             neighbouring
             places
             ,
             to
             the
             great
             hazard
             of
             his
             life
             and
             fortunes
             .
             And
             as
             soon
             as
             hee
             heard
             that
             the
             Lord
             Constable
             was
             Vice-Roy
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             hee
             sent
             him
             the
             seal
             of
             his
             hous
             and
             armes
             ,
             offering
             himself
             wholie
             to
             accomplish
             the
             obligation
             hee
             had
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ,
             for
             which
             the
             Lord-Constable
             returned
             him
             thanks
             promissing
             to
             acquaint
             the
             Emperor
             with
             his
             loyaltie
             ,
             and
             moreover
             recommended
             to
             his
             care
             the
             charge
             of
             those
             parts
             ,
             which
             
               John
               Arias
            
             performed
             with
             great
             diligence
             ,
             skermishing
             often-times
             with
             the
             Commoners
             .
             For
             this
             ,
             and
             other
             services
             ,
             and
             in
             consideration
             of
             his
             illustrious
             extraction
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             gave
             him
             the
             ti●●e
             of
             Earl
             of
             
               Punio
               en
               Rostro
            
             ,
             and
             vvrote
             him
             very
             favorable
             and
             gratious
             Lettres
             ,
             expressing
             the
             great
             esteem
             and
             account
             hee
             made
             of
             his
             services
             to
             his
             Majestie
             .
             In
             a
             hundred
             small
             Villages
             the
             People
             rose
             against
             the
             Earl
             of
             Chinchon
             ,
             but
             hee
             suppress●d
             them
             quickly
             ,
             and
             punished
             them
             severely
             .
             Alcala
             was
             infected
             with
             the
             like
             disturbances
             and
             revolts
             ,
             vvith
             divers
             other
             places
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             imitating
             their
             chief
             Tovvn
             vvhich
             vvas
             the
             ring-leader
             of
             all
             those
             distempers
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             L.
             
          
           
             CArdinal
             Adriano
             (
             who
             was
             a
             Saint-like
             man
             )
             sought
             all
             means
             possible
             to
             remedie
             these
             disorders
             ,
             with
             a
             sweetness
             and
             Clemencie
             answerable
             to
             his
             Charitie
             ,
             and
             hearing
             of
             a
             Gentleman
             that
             followed
             the
             Court
             ,
             who
             was
             a
             native
             and
             Iurate
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             a
             discreet
             man
             ,
             hee
             sent
             for
             him
             ,
             and
             beeing
             come
             ,
             hee
             asked
             him
             what
             cours
             (
             in
             his
             opinion
             )
             was
             fittest
             to
             bee
             taken
             for
             the
             pacifying
             of
             that
             Citie
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             if
             hee
             could
             devise
             anie
             waie
             to
             do
             it
             ,
             hee
             should
             bee
             exceeding
             
             glad
             to
             embrace
             it
             ,
             and
             hee
             would
             procure
             his
             Majestie
             's
             approbation
             thereof
             .
             The
             Gentleman
             thanked
             him
             in
             the
             Citie
             's
             behalf
             ,
             as
             beeing
             a
             member
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             said
             ,
             Hee
             did
             not
             certainly
             know
             their
             intention
             ,
             but
             according
             to
             his
             judgment
             ,
             the
             onely
             waie
             to
             cure
             those
             mischiefs
             ,
             was
             to
             applie
             the
             same
             medicine
             which
             they
             desired
             ,
             viz.
             That
             his
             Majestie
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             grant
             to
             Toledo
             what
             their
             Commissioners
             had
             petitioned
             him
             in
             Parlament
             ;
             That
             his
             Eminence
             would
             command
             Ronquillo
             ,
             the
             Judg
             ,
             to
             rais
             his
             Siege
             before
             Segovia
             ,
             and
             return
             with
             his
             men
             ,
             in
             regard
             the
             Citie
             was
             much
             scandalized
             at
             his
             coming
             in
             such
             an
             hostile
             manner
             ,
             they
             having
             sent
             two
             Prelates
             with
             their
             submission
             ,
             and
             begging
             pardon
             of
             his
             Eminence
             ;
             that
             hee
             knew
             how
             all
             the
             chief
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             beeing
             guiltie
             of
             the
             like
             Commotions
             ,
             every
             one
             would
             exspect
             the
             like
             punishment
             ,
             and
             out
             of
             that
             fear
             ,
             they
             would
             rather
             join
             all
             their
             Forces
             to
             succor
             Segovia
             ,
             then
             bee
             liable
             to
             anie
             such
             rigorous
             sentence
             ;
             that
             he
             should
             be
             very
             careful
             in
             that
             point
             ,
             for
             if
             the
             people
             once
             lost
             their
             respect
             ,
             hee
             would
             not
             bee
             able
             to
             correct
             them
             :
             That
             for
             the
             present
             (
             although
             there
             were
             tumults
             and
             Commotions
             everie
             where
             )
             yet
             there
             was
             no
             publick
             War
             declared
             ,
             onely
             dissentions
             amongst
             the
             people
             .
             But
             if
             they
             joined
             and
             assisted
             one
             another
             ,
             it
             would
             occasion
             great
             miserie
             and
             ruine
             to
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             as
             it
             afterwards
             fell
             out
             .
             These
             and
             som
             other
             instances
             the
             Gentleman
             pressed
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             who
             finding
             much
             reason
             and
             weight
             in
             them
             ,
             bad
             him
             come
             again
             to
             him
             the
             next
             daie
             in
             the
             Evening
             ,
             in
             the
             mean
             time
             hee
             would
             call
             a
             Council
             concerning
             those
             particulars
             .
             The
             Gentleman
             punctually
             observing
             the
             time
             appointed
             ,
             the
             Cardinal
             told
             him
             ,
             that
             hee
             had
             consulted
             about
             that
             business
             ,
             but
             they
             were
             not
             all
             of
             his
             opinion
             ,
             so
             that
             there
             could
             bee
             nothing
             done
             but
             what
             was
             formerly
             commanded
             .
             The
             Iurate
             beseeched
             him
             to
             bee
             very
             warie
             and
             well
             advised
             ;
             for
             som
             of
             his
             Council
             ,
             hee
             told
             him
             ,
             were
             men
             o're-swaied
             with
             passion
             ,
             and
             more
             wedded
             to
             their
             private
             interests
             ,
             then
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ,
             and
             that
             to
             his
             knowledg
             both
             Toledo
             and
             
             Madrid
             were
             raising
             men
             to
             send
             to
             reliev
             Segovia
             ,
             and
             if
             they
             went
             thither
             ,
             hee
             might
             easily
             see
             what
             mischief
             would
             ensue
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             thereupon
             said
             ,
             hee
             would
             call
             a
             Council
             again
             about
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             ▪
             LI.
             
          
           
             TOledo
             and
             Madrid
             (
             as
             beeing
             nearest
             )
             fearing
             that
             if
             Segovia
             were
             subdued
             ,
             
             they
             should
             bee
             in
             danger
             ,
             chose
             Captains
             ,
             
             and
             raised
             men
             to
             send
             to
             succor
             it
             .
             Toledo
             pitched
             upon
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             to
             whom
             they
             gave
             Commission
             to
             rais
             a
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             and
             a
             hundred
             Light-horsmen
             (
             whereof
             
               Hernando
               de
               Ayala
            
             was
             Captain
             )
             with
             som
             pieces
             of
             Artillerie
             .
             Madrid
             sent
             out
             four
             hundred
             Foot
             ,
             and
             fiftie
             Hors.
             The
             Toledians
             beeing
             joined
             with
             those
             of
             Madrid
             ,
             
             they
             marched
             together
             to
             a
             place
             called
             Espinar
             ,
             where
             
               John
               Bravo
            
             Captain
             of
             the
             Segovians
             ,
             came
             forth
             with
             his
             men
             to
             receiv
             them
             ;
             They
             made
             all
             together
             two
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             and
             one
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             Horse
             ;
             after
             some
             Conference
             ,
             they
             agreed
             all
             three
             to
             go
             to
             
               Santa
               Maria
               de
               Nieva
            
             ,
             where
             Ronquillo
             was
             quartered
             ,
             and
             do
             as
             much
             mischief
             as
             they
             could
             ,
             whil'st
             those
             of
             Salamanca
             and
             other
             places
             might
             join
             ,
             
             and
             come
             to
             the
             succor
             of
             Segovia
             .
             But
             Ronquillo
             and
             his
             Captains
             ,
             persevering
             in
             their
             design
             (
             although
             they
             went
             out
             into
             the
             field
             ,
             seeming
             to
             incounter
             the
             Enemie
             )
             would
             not
             ingage
             in
             Battle
             ,
             but
             marched
             soberly
             and
             in
             good
             order
             ,
             another
             waie
             ;
             the
             Cardinal
             hearing
             of
             the
             setting
             forth
             and
             joining
             of
             these
             Captains
             ,
             determined
             to
             increas
             the
             strength
             of
             his
             own
             forces
             ,
             and
             make
             a
             formal
             Camp
             ,
             able
             to
             suppress
             and
             subdue
             the
             Contrarie
             Partie
             .
             To
             this
             effect
             hee
             sent
             to
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             Captain
             General
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             that
             vvith
             the
             King's
             standing
             forces
             ,
             and
             with
             all
             the
             rest
             hee
             could
             make
             of
             Foot
             and
             Hors
             ,
             hee
             should
             go
             help
             Ronquillo
             ,
             and
             of
             that
             Artillerie
             which
             was
             at
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             ,
             hee
             should
             take
             what
             hee
             thought
             fitting
             .
             
             Moreover
             hee
             sent
             to
             command
             R●nquillo
             ,
             
             that
             by
             no
             means
             hee
             should
             give
             those
             Captains
             battle
             ,
             but
             should
             first
             join
             with
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             ,
             for
             the
             better
             effecting
             thereof
             .
             Fonseca's
             March
             could
             not
             bee
             kept
             so
             private
             ,
             but
             Valladolid
             (
             where
             the
             Order
             was
             made
             )
             perceived
             it
             .
             Whereupon
             (
             although
             they
             were
             cried
             up
             for
             their
             Loialtie
             )
             they
             began
             to
             mutinie
             much
             more
             then
             before
             they
             had
             done
             ,
             (
             which
             was
             no
             slight
             matter
             neither
             )
             for
             they
             made
             private
             meetings
             every
             daie
             .
             Yet
             notwithstanding
             the
             Commotions
             of
             
               Valladolid
               ,
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             cunningly
             got
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             marched
             with
             all
             the
             Hors
             and
             Foot
             hee
             could
             rais
             to
             Arevalo
             ,
             where
             Ronquillo
             and
             the
             Captains
             that
             were
             with
             him
             ,
             met
             him
             with
             theirs
             ,
             
             and
             concluded
             of
             their
             journie
             to
             
               Medina
               .
               Segovia
            
             having
             notice
             of
             their
             march
             ,
             and
             knowing
             their
             intention
             ,
             which
             was
             to
             bring
             Artillerie
             thence
             for
             their
             hurt
             and
             dammage
             ,
             immediately
             dispatched
             an
             Express
             to
             Medina
             ,
             with
             a
             Letter
             to
             this
             effect
             .
             That
             by
             no
             means
             they
             should
             condescend
             to
             deliver
             the
             Artillerie
             to
             Fonseca
             ,
             notwithstanding
             the
             persuasions
             of
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Burgos
             his
             brother
             ,
             who
             had
             been
             long
             there
             solliciting
             and
             pressing
             them
             to
             it
             ,
             alleging
             how
             unjust
             a
             thing
             it
             were
             ,
             since
             Segovia
             sent
             their
             Clothes
             to
             inrich
             the
             Fairs
             of
             Medina
             ,
             that
             Medina
             should
             send
             Cannons
             to
             batter
             and
             beat
             down
             the
             walls
             of
             Segovia
             ;
             urging
             moreover
             ,
             that
             if
             they
             did
             so
             ,
             it
             would
             bee
             the
             utter
             ruine
             of
             Segovia
             ,
             and
             Medina
             would
             suffer
             likewise
             in
             their
             Fall.
             And
             in
             the
             Close
             ,
             they
             desired
             Medina
             to
             hear
             and
             give
             full
             credit
             to
             their
             Messenger
             ,
             who
             should
             impart
             som
             things
             to
             them
             which
             they
             thought
             not
             fit
             to
             write
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             LII
             .
          
           
             
             UPon
             receit
             of
             this
             Letter
             ,
             those
             of
             Medina
             resolved
             not
             to
             deliver
             the
             Artillerie
             .
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             with
             the
             best
             part
             of
             those
             men
             that
             were
             at
             Arevalo
             ,
             marched
             thence
             on
             
             Tuesda●e
             morning
             the
             21.
             of
             Angust
             towards
             Medina
             ,
             with
             intention
             to
             take
             the
             Artillerie
             away
             by
             force
             ,
             in
             case
             they
             refused
             to
             deliver
             it
             ,
             as
             already
             they
             had
             upon
             Ronquillo's
             demand
             .
             They
             beeing
             advertised
             by
             the
             Letter
             from
             Segovia
             ,
             and
             other
             parts
             ,
             of
             these
             preparations
             against
             them
             ,
             put
             on
             a
             resolution
             to
             stand
             out
             and
             not
             deliver
             the
             Artillerie
             .
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             having
             friends
             within
             the
             Town
             (
             besides
             the
             Corregidor
             himself
             ,
             
               Gutiere
               Quijada
            
             ,
             beeing
             well
             inclined
             to
             the
             deliverie
             thereof
             )
             began
             first
             to
             treat
             fairely
             with
             them
             ,
             shewing
             them
             the
             Orders
             and
             Power
             hee
             had
             to
             that
             effect
             .
             But
             the
             Towns-men
             replied
             ,
             
             that
             they
             kept
             the
             Artillerie
             for
             and
             in
             the
             name
             of
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             saw
             no
             reason
             they
             had
             to
             deliver
             it
             ,
             but
             rather
             to
             keep
             it
             in
             defence
             of
             their
             Town
             and
             people
             .
             Yet
             to
             do
             his
             Majestie
             service
             ,
             they
             were
             willing
             to
             deliver
             some
             of
             it
             ,
             if
             need
             required
             ,
             upon
             condition
             that
             they
             themselvs
             might
             go
             with
             it
             ,
             and
             bring
             it
             back
             againe
             ,
             from
             this
             contention
             they
             grew
             to
             higher
             language
             ,
             thence
             to
             blows
             ,
             and
             planting
             their
             ordnance
             at
             everie
             street's
             end
             ,
             great
             multitudes
             of
             people
             presently
             flocked
             thither
             ,
             all
             in
             armes
             .
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             seeing
             this
             ,
             
             commanded
             his
             men
             to
             storm
             the
             Town
             ;
             the
             Towns-men
             killed
             some
             of
             his
             men
             with
             cannon
             shott
             ,
             and
             some
             of
             theirs
             were
             likewise
             killed
             ,
             defending
             the
             entrance
             of
             the
             Town
             .
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             thought
             to
             catch
             them
             with
             a
             wile
             (
             not
             intending
             any
             such
             mischief
             as
             fell
             out
             )
             which
             was
             thus
             ;
             
             hee
             privately
             commanded
             certain
             fire-bals
             of
             pitch
             to
             bee
             made
             and
             flung
             into
             St
             Francis
             street
             ,
             thinking
             that
             the
             people
             would
             presently
             run
             all
             thither
             to
             quench
             the
             fire
             ,
             and
             quit
             the
             gates
             ,
             by
             which
             meanes
             hee
             might
             enter
             and
             seize
             upon
             the
             Artillerie
             ;
             but
             it
             succeeded
             not
             according
             to
             his
             exspectation
             ;
             for
             the
             fire
             began
             to
             rage
             exceedingly
             ,
             in
             so
             much
             that
             St
             Francis
             street
             ,
             and
             the
             linnen
             draperie
             was
             quite
             through
             of
             a
             flame
             ,
             yet
             the
             inhabitants
             shewed
             so
             much
             courage
             that
             (
             although
             their
             houses
             ,
             goods
             and
             children
             were
             burning
             before
             their
             eyes
             )
             they
             would
             not
             depart
             from
             the
             Artillerie
             ,
             fighting
             with
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             and
             his
             men
             ,
             until
             they
             had
             driven
             them
             quite
             from
             the
             Town
             .
             Fonseca
             
             was
             very
             angrie
             ,
             and
             ashamed
             that
             hee
             could
             not
             effect
             his
             intention
             ,
             and
             no
             less
             grieved
             for
             the
             great
             harm
             and
             damage
             the
             fire
             had
             done
             ,
             which
             hee
             intended
             not
             .
             The
             Monasterie
             of
             St
             Francis
             was
             burnt
             to
             the
             ground
             with
             all
             the
             rich
             ornaments
             and
             librarie
             ;
             besides
             great
             store
             of
             Monie
             ,
             Cloath
             ,
             Silks
             Clothes
             of
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             ,
             and
             other
             rich
             commodities
             ,
             which
             divers
             Genua
             ,
             and
             Segovia
             Merchants
             had
             layed
             up
             there
             ,
             all
             consumed
             to
             ashes
             .
             And
             nine
             hundred
             houses
             more
             ,
             in
             wh●ch
             not
             so
             much
             as
             one
             bed
             was
             preserved
             .
             It
             was
             a
             lamentable
             thing
             to
             see
             how
             the
             poor
             people
             ,
             women
             and
             children
             ,
             went
             crying
             ,
             and
             groaning
             up
             and
             down
             the
             streets
             ,
             having
             no
             hous
             left
             to
             go
             into
             ,
             nor
             any
             thing
             to
             cover
             thei●
             nakedness
             ,
             calling
             upon
             God
             for
             justice
             against
             Fonseca
             .
             In
             this
             sad
             condition
             remained
             Medina
             ,
             more
             inflamed
             with
             the
             fire
             of
             wrath
             in
             their
             hearts
             ,
             then
             their
             houses
             were
             with
             the
             bals
             of
             pitch
             .
             The
             Corregidor
             durst
             not
             stay
             ,
             becaus
             hee
             had
             been
             with
             Fonseca
             .
             Whereupon
             the
             people
             began
             to
             call
             an
             Assemblie
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             and
             took
             the
             same
             form
             of
             government
             as
             the
             other
             Cities
             did
             .
             They
             wrote
             forthwith
             to
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             Captains
             ,
             declaring
             their
             miseries
             ,
             and
             imploring
             their
             assistance
             ,
             to
             revenge
             their
             losses
             upon
             those
             that
             had
             sided
             with
             Fonseca
             against
             them
             ;
             and
             their
             chiefest
             spleen
             was
             against
             the
             Town
             of
             Arevalo
             ,
             becaus
             Fonseca
             had
             carried
             his
             men
             thence
             .
             Arevalo
             feared
             as
             much
             from
             those
             of
             Segovia
             ,
             and
             in
             it self
             there
             were
             partialities
             and
             sidings
             thereupon
             ,
             som
             taking
             the
             Commoners
             part
             ,
             others
             the
             Contrarie
             .
             Medina
             wrote
             likewise
             to
             the
             other
             Cities
             ,
             imparting
             to
             them
             their
             calamities
             :
             Segovia
             answered
             their
             Letters
             ,
             expressing
             manie
             thanks
             for
             their
             defending
             so
             couragiously
             the
             Artillerie
             ,
             and
             exceeding
             sorrow
             for
             the
             great
             losses
             they
             had
             susteined
             ,
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             LIII
             .
          
           
             ADriano
             the
             Cardinal
             of
             Tortosa
             (
             beeing
             a
             holie
             man
             )
             was
             grieved
             to
             the
             soul
             at
             the
             disaster
             of
             Medina
             ,
             and
             in
             excuse
             of
             himself
             hee
             wrote
             a
             Letter
             to
             them
             ,
             expressing
             his
             sorrow
             in
             good
             and
             Saint-like
             tearms
             .
             Whereunto
             they
             returned
             an
             answer
             ,
             giving
             his
             Eminence
             thanks
             for
             his
             resentment
             of
             their
             miseries
             ,
             and
             making
             a
             large
             relation
             of
             the
             cruelties
             of
             Fonseca
             and
             his
             Souldiers
             ,
             besides
             the
             great
             losses
             they
             had
             susteined
             by
             fire
             ,
             which
             they
             esteemed
             to
             bee
             of
             so
             high
             value
             ,
             that
             they
             doubted
             the
             King's
             whole
             Revenue
             ,
             for
             som
             years
             ,
             would
             not
             bee
             enough
             to
             make
             them
             reparation
             .
             And
             at
             last
             they
             desired
             his
             Eminence
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             condemned
             and
             declare
             for
             Traitors
             and
             disturbers
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
               ,
               Gutiere
               Quijada
               ,
            
             and
             that
             bloodie
             robber
             (
             as
             they
             called
             him
             )
             
               Iohn
               de
               Avila
            
             ,
             and
             disband
             their
             men
             ,
             with
             Command
             that
             everie
             one
             should
             repair
             to
             their
             own
             home
             ,
             and
             not
             burn
             the
             houses
             of
             his
             Majestie
             's
             faithful
             Subjects
             ,
             for
             under
             colour
             of
             serving
             the
             King
             ,
             they
             did
             him
             great
             disservice
             therein
             .
          
        
         
           Finis
           Libri
           Secundi
           .
        
      
       
         
         
         
           THE
           CIVIL
           WARS
           OF
           SPAIN
           .
           THE
           THIRD
           BOOK
           .
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             I.
             
          
           
             ANger
             supported
             on
             the
             shouldiers
             of
             Autoritie
             is
             like
             lightning
             from
             heaven
             .
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             ,
             Captain
             General
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             was
             inraged
             beyond
             the
             measure
             of
             discretion
             against
             Medina
             .
             Hee
             burned
             like
             a
             flash
             of
             lightning
             ,
             their
             houses
             and
             their
             goods
             ,
             but
             hee
             incensed
             their
             hearts
             and
             wills
             much
             more
             (
             like
             men
             in
             despair
             )
             to
             commit
             a
             thousand
             absurdities
             .
             And
             to
             revenge
             the
             furie
             of
             his
             passion
             ,
             all
             the
             people
             of
             the
             Town
             took
             Arms
             ,
             dispersed
             Letters
             of
             their
             grievances
             through
             the
             whole
             
             Kingdom
             ,
             desiring
             vengeance
             ,
             and
             hee
             that
             could
             do
             most
             mischief
             was
             held
             the
             bravest
             fellow
             .
             Amongst
             these
             broils
             and
             mischiefs
             ,
             there
             was
             one
             particularly
             noted
             for
             his
             courage
             and
             boldness
             ,
             a
             Cloth-worker
             by
             trade
             ,
             his
             name
             was
             Bobadilla
             ,
             a
             mean
             fellow
             ,
             dull
             ,
             but
             cruel
             of
             disposition
             ;
             hee
             was
             followed
             ,
             as
             their
             Captain
             ,
             by
             divers
             that
             were
             undone
             ,
             and
             therefore
             grown
             furiously
             passionate
             .
             First
             hee
             fell
             upon
             
               Gil
               Nieto
            
             (
             who
             had
             been
             his
             Master
             )
             cutting
             and
             slashing
             till
             hee
             had
             killed
             him
             ;
             then
             hee
             killed
             a
             Book-seller
             ,
             called
             Tellez
             ;
             next
             ,
             a
             Regidor
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             called
             
               Lope
               de
               Vera.
            
             And
             so
             hee
             and
             his
             Associats
             served
             all
             those
             whom
             they
             knew
             ,
             or
             did
             but
             imagine
             ,
             had
             anie
             hand
             in
             Fonseca's
             coming
             to
             demand
             the
             Artillerie
             ,
             or
             had
             consented
             to
             the
             delivering
             of
             it
             .
             They
             pluckt
             down
             the
             houses
             which
             
               Don
               Rodrigo
               Mexia
            
             had
             there
             ,
             and
             committed
             divers
             other
             cru●lties
             and
             outrages
             .
             This
             active
             audaciousness
             of
             Bobadilla
             got
             him
             very
             much
             credit
             and
             esteem
             amongst
             the
             people
             ,
             and
             hee
             Lorded
             it
             ,
             and
             took
             so
             much
             upon
             him
             ,
             that
             from
             that
             time
             forwards
             nothing
             was
             done
             but
             what
             h●e
             would
             ;
             so
             hee
             commanded
             and
             governed
             as
             Head
             of
             the
             people
             .
             
             Hee
             presently
             took
             a
             great
             hous
             ,
             set
             Porters
             at
             his
             Gates
             ,
             and
             gave
             himself
             the
             style
             of
             Lord.
             Such
             Heads
             ,
             as
             this
             Cloth-worker
             was
             ,
             had
             the
             Commonalties
             in
             other
             places
             ;
             as
             Villoria
             ,
             a
             skinner
             in
             Salamanca
             ,
             and
             
               Antonio
               Casado
            
             in
             Segovia
             ,
             and
             others
             such
             like
             ,
             who
             beeing
             bold
             ,
             and
             without
             honor
             or
             shame
             ,
             were
             followed
             and
             esteemed
             by
             the
             common
             and
             meaner
             sort
             ;
             And
             indeed
             divers
             Gentlemen
             were
             to
             blame
             herein
             ,
             who
             did
             very
             much
             harm
             ,
             som
             by
             kindling
             and
             fomenting
             the
             fire
             secretly
             ,
             others
             publickly
             ,
             not
             with
             design
             to
             do
             the
             King
             anie
             disservice
             ,
             but
             by
             reason
             of
             parties
             and
             factions
             amongst
             themselvs
             ,
             som
             siding
             with
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             purposely
             to
             destroie
             others
             ,
             so
             that
             it
             was
             more
             their
             particular
             factions
             and
             seditions
             ,
             then
             their
             disobedience
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             that
             occasioned
             all
             these
             disorders
             .
             
             Medina
             ,
             soon
             after
             this
             disaster
             ,
             sent
             Letters
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             conteining
             a
             most
             pitiful
             relation
             of
             their
             unfortunate
             and
             deplorable
             condition
             ,
             with
             high
             exclamations
             
             against
             the
             crueltie
             of
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             and
             Ronquillo
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             II.
             
          
           
             THe
             Emperor
             wrote
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             giving
             them
             thanks
             that
             they
             had
             preserved
             Peace
             and
             quietness
             in
             that
             Citie
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             good
             entertainment
             they
             had
             given
             ,
             in
             his
             absence
             ,
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             
             his
             Governor
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             his
             Council
             .
             Whereunto
             they
             returned
             an
             Answer
             the
             8th
             Iulie
             ,
             1520
             ,
             with
             manie
             acknowledgments
             of
             his
             favor
             ,
             praising
             God
             that
             hee
             had
             given
             them
             such
             a
             Prince
             and
             Emperor
             ,
             who
             they
             hoped
             should
             conquer
             the
             
               Holie
               Land
            
             ,
             and
             bee
             a
             great
             Defendor
             of
             the
             Church
             ,
             as
             the
             Emperors
             and
             Kings
             ,
             his
             forefathers
             ,
             had
             been
             .
             And
             moreover
             they
             beseeched
             ,
             with
             all
             humilitie
             ,
             his
             Sacred
             Majestie
             ,
             forasmuch
             as
             that
             Citie
             had
             not
             onely
             shewed
             their
             Loialtie
             ,
             in
             serving
             ,
             with
             their
             Arms
             ,
             the
             Kings
             his
             Ancestors
             (
             as
             
               Don
               Alonso
            
             the
             Eleventh
             ,
             
               Don
               John
            
             the
             Second
             ,
             and
             others
             )
             but
             also
             in
             advising
             and
             counselling
             them
             what
             was
             most
             expedient
             for
             their
             Roial
             services
             .
             And
             since
             it
             was
             apparent
             ,
             that
             the
             granting
             of
             the
             Subsidie
             in
             the
             Parlament
             at
             the
             Groyn
             ,
             had
             been
             the
             onely
             occasion
             of
             so
             manie
             great
             Commotions
             and
             troubles
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             that
             his
             Majestie
             would
             bee
             pleased
             (
             of
             his
             innate
             liberalitie
             and
             goodness
             )
             graciously
             to
             remit
             and
             pardon
             all
             those
             that
             had
             opposed
             the
             levying
             thereof
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             should
             bee
             no
             more
             demanded
             ,
             which
             favor
             would
             be
             so
             acceptable
             to
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             that
             at
             his
             return
             (
             which
             they
             hoped
             would
             bee
             ●peedily
             )
             they
             would
             do
             him
             such
             extraordinarie
             service
             ,
             that
             Hee
             should
             thank
             them
             for
             preferring
             Him
             that
             Petition
             ,
             and
             know
             more
             clearly
             their
             desires
             to
             serv
             Him.
             But
             the
             burning
             of
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             ,
             caused
             so
             great
             scandal
             in
             Castilla
             ,
             that
             it
             revived
             and
             made
             the
             fire
             blase
             more
             fiercely
             out
             amongst
             the
             common
             people
             ,
             and
             infected
             their
             Spirits
             
             so
             ,
             that
             manie
             other
             Towns
             ,
             whither
             the
             sore
             had
             not
             yet
             run
             ,
             rose
             up
             in
             the
             like
             disorder
             .
             The
             next
             daie
             after
             Medina
             was
             burnt
             (
             as
             you
             have
             heard
             )
             they
             sent
             Letters
             with
             a
             particuler
             of
             the
             passages
             ,
             to
             Valladolid
             .
             With
             no
             less
             furie
             ,
             then
             Fonseca's
             firebals
             consumed
             the
             houses
             of
             Medina
             ,
             were
             inflamed
             the
             hearts
             of
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             at
             the
             receipt
             of
             those
             dolorous
             tydings
             .
             And
             without
             respect
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             Governor
             ,
             
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             ,
             President
             ,
             Council
             or
             other
             officers
             of
             justice
             ,
             and
             forgetting
             the
             graces
             and
             favors
             the
             Emperor
             had
             done
             them
             by
             his
             Letters
             ;
             they
             rang
             out
             the
             bell
             of
             
               San
               Miguel
            
             ,
             whereupon
             all
             the
             people
             presently
             took
             arms
             ,
             and
             ran
             from
             all
             parts
             of
             the
             Citie
             to
             the
             great
             market-place
             ,
             and
             all
             that
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Enriquez
            
             Bishop
             of
             Osma
             could
             do
             ,
             or
             saie
             (
             who
             came
             out
             to
             pacifie
             the
             people
             )
             was
             to
             no
             purpose
             .
             And
             beeing
             thus
             gathered
             together
             ,
             about
             five
             or
             six
             thousand
             men
             ,
             they
             went
             to
             
               Pedro
               de
               Portillo's
            
             hous
             ,
             about
             twy-light
             (
             for
             at
             that
             time
             hee
             was
             chief
             Burgess
             of
             the
             Cittie
             )
             willing
             him
             to
             go
             along
             with
             them
             to
             the
             President
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             that
             hee
             might
             provide
             for
             certain
             things
             ,
             which
             were
             necessarie
             for
             the
             Citie
             .
             But
             
               Pedro
               de
               Portillo
            
             displeased
             them
             so
             with
             his
             answear
             ,
             calling
             them
             mutiniers
             and
             theevs
             ,
             that
             went
             about
             to
             robb
             and
             plunder
             ,
             that
             in
             furious
             madness
             they
             broke
             open
             his
             dores
             and
             windowes
             ,
             and
             hee
             had
             much
             adoe
             to
             get
             cleer
             of
             them
             by
             hiding
             himself
             ;
             seeing
             they
             could
             not
             find
             him
             ,
             they
             took
             a
             rich
             cupboard
             of
             plate
             ,
             that
             was
             set
             against
             supper
             ,
             they
             searched
             his
             hous
             all
             over
             ,
             plundred
             his
             shop
             and
             warehous
             ,
             and
             took
             away
             manie
             rich
             cloaths
             and
             silks
             (
             for
             hee
             was
             a
             merchant
             )
             they
             made
             a
             great
             fire
             before
             his
             dore
             ,
             in
             which
             they
             burned
             manie
             pieces
             of
             rich
             cloath
             of
             gold
             and
             silver
             ,
             silks
             ,
             wollen
             cloaths
             ,
             tapistries
             ,
             rich
             mantles
             ,
             ermines
             and
             other
             things
             of
             great
             value
             (
             for
             hee
             was
             a
             very
             rich
             man
             )
             they
             left
             not
             so
             much
             as
             a
             hen
             ,
             but
             they
             flung
             it
             in
             the
             fire
             or
             stole
             it
             away
             .
             And
             at
             the
             carrying
             away
             of
             their
             plunder
             ,
             they
             fell
             out
             and
             fought
             with
             one
             another
             .
             This
             man's
             loss
             was
             esteemed
             above
             three
             millions
             of
             Maravediz
             .
             Not
             satisfied
             
             with
             all
             this
             ,
             they
             began
             to
             pluck
             the
             hous
             down
             ,
             and
             som
             boies
             that
             followed
             their
             fathers
             ,
             set
             fire
             to
             a
             Garret
             ,
             where
             was
             great
             store
             of
             drie
             wood
             and
             bavins
             ,
             which
             burned
             furiously
             ,
             but
             fearing
             to
             burn
             the
             neighboring
             houses
             ,
             they
             suddenly
             quenc●ed
             the
             fire
             again
             ,
             which
             if
             they
             had
             not
             don
             ,
             would
             have
             endangered
             a
             great
             part
             of
             the
             Citie
             .
             This
             done
             ,
             beeing
             inraged
             with
             that
             popular
             furie
             which
             the
             Divel
             had
             sow●d
             in
             Spain
             ,
             with
             loud
             out-cries
             they
             ran
             to
             the
             hous
             of
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             ,
             who
             set
             fire
             on
             Medina
             ,
             and
             in
             revenge
             thereof
             ,
             they
             burnt
             and
             pluckt
             it
             to
             the
             ground
             ,
             not
             leaving
             a
             bit
             of
             timber
             ,
             nor
             a
             tile
             that
             belonged
             to
             it
             ,
             unconsumed
             .
             Thence
             they
             went
             to
             
               Alonso
               Ninno
               de
               Castro's
            
             hous
             (
             who
             was
             chief
             Judg
             of
             the
             Citie
             )
             and
             finding
             not
             him
             ,
             they
             plundered
             it
             ,
             and
             plucked
             down
             the
             ●ntrie
             .
             The
             like
             they
             did
             to
             divers
             of
             the
             principal
             men
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             which
             a
             certain
             Autor
             ,
             a
             Native
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             an
             eie-witness
             of
             all
             these
             passages
             ,
             saith
             ,
             was
             a
             just
             judgment
             upon
             the
             Regidores
             ,
             and
             the
             rest
             ,
             for
             their
             ambitions
             and
             disordinate
             desires
             of
             advancing
             their
             particular
             ends
             ,
             without
             regard
             of
             the
             publick
             good
             ,
             suffering
             their
             Countrie
             to
             bee
             drained
             of
             all
             its
             treasure
             by
             strangers
             ,
             to
             the
             sum
             of
             nine
             millions
             of
             gold
             ,
             out
             of
             Castilla
             onely
             ,
             which
             was
             never
             converted
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             use
             ,
             but
             was
             shared
             amongst
             the
             Flemings
             ▪
             This
             was
             the
             general
             complaint
             of
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             which
             people
             of
             those
             times
             said
             ,
             ought
             to
             bee
             registred
             in
             characte●s
             of
             blood
             ▪
             After
             this
             ,
             they
             made
             themselvs
             strong
             ,
             keeping
             constant
             watch
             ,
             and
             going
             the
             Rounds
             with
             Minstrels
             and
             Drums
             ,
             no
             less
             then
             fifteen
             hundred
             together
             at
             the
             first
             ▪
             but
             this
             was
             so
             chargeable
             ,
             that
             they
             reformed
             their
             Rounds
             to
             twentie
             men
             at
             a
             time
             .
             Som
             nights
             they
             found
             gunpowder
             mingled
             with
             pitch
             scattered
             in
             the
             streets
             ,
             which
             they
             said
             ,
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             had
             commanded
             to
             bee
             done
             ,
             for
             anger
             that
             his
             hous
             was
             burnt
             .
             After
             that
             they
             kept
             Rounds
             and
             strong
             Guards
             at
             the
             Gates
             ,
             and
             they
             were
             so
             affraid
             of
             fire
             and
             pitch
             ,
             that
             they
             watered
             all
             their
             houses
             with
             vineger
             ,
             thinking
             there
             was
             som
             design
             to
             burn
             Vallado●●●
             as
             well
             as
             Me●ina
             .
             They
             called
             an
             assemblie
             in
             the
             Monasterie
             
             of
             the
             Trinitie
             ,
             where
             they
             chose
             new
             Burgesses
             and
             Deputies
             .
             Then
             they
             sent
             for
             the
             Gentlemen
             and
             Citizens
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             whom
             they
             made
             to
             swear
             and
             take
             the
             ingagement
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             which
             for
             feare
             of
             death
             they
             durst
             not
             refuse
             to
             do
             .
             They
             made
             the
             Infante
             of
             Granada
             their
             Captain
             General
             ,
             which
             office
             hee
             was
             inforced
             to
             accept
             ,
             or
             die
             .
             And
             they
             all
             swore
             to
             obey
             him
             ,
             and
             to
             do
             nothing
             contrarie
             to
             his
             command
             ;
             which
             charge
             hee
             began
             to
             exercise
             with
             much
             discretion
             .
             But
             becaus
             they
             knew
             that
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Enriquez
            
             Bishop
             of
             Osma
             ,
             and
             brother
             to
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             did
             not
             like
             well
             of
             their
             proceedings
             ,
             they
             turned
             him
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             divers
             other
             Gentlemen
             likewise
             ,
             becaus
             they
             could
             not
             trust
             them
             .
             Which
             done
             ,
             they
             presen●lie
             sent
             messengers
             to
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             ,
             offering
             them
             succor
             .
             And
             to
             that
             effect
             they
             listed
             two
             thousand
             Souldiers
             ,
             and
             chose
             likewise
             six
             Commissioners
             ,
             to
             send
             to
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             or
             Assemblie
             ,
             held
             in
             Avila
             ,
             to
             which
             already
             the
             gave
             they
             Attribute
             of
             Holie
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             III.
             
          
           
             THe
             Cardinal
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             seeing
             all
             these
             passages
             ,
             were
             so
             far
             from
             providing
             or
             ordering
             any
             thing
             in
             this
             case
             ,
             that
             they
             durst
             not
             ,
             neither
             did
             it
             seem
             possible
             for
             them
             to
             meet
             ,
             and
             confer
             of
             what
             was
             to
             bee
             done
             .
             But
             as
             in
             a
             storm
             at
             Sea
             ,
             when
             there
             is
             neither
             sayles
             ,
             marriners
             nor
             pilots
             (
             all
             hope
             lost
             )
             the
             ship
             is
             left
             to
             drive
             at
             the
             tempest's
             pleasure
             :
             so
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             of
             Granada
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             (
             having
             no
             means
             to
             resist
             )
             thought
             best
             to
             let
             alone
             that
             people
             ,
             who
             were
             hurried
             away
             with
             so
             violent
             a
             storm
             of
             inconsiderate
             furie
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             made
             them
             a
             thousand
             congies
             ,
             and
             excused
             himself
             saying
             ,
             that
             hee
             never
             commanded
             Medina
             to
             bee
             burned
             ,
             nor
             had
             any
             hand
             in
             the
             other
             mischiefs
             :
             quite
             contrarie
             it
             
             grieved
             him
             to
             the
             very
             soul
             ,
             to
             hear
             what
             Fonseca
             had
             done
             .
             And
             beeing
             desired
             by
             the
             Citie
             ,
             
             and
             thinking
             it
             to
             bee
             convenient
             himself
             ,
             hee
             commanded
             to
             bee
             proclaimed
             publickly
             ,
             that
             all
             those
             that
             were
             with
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             should
             leav
             him
             and
             return
             to
             their
             houses
             ,
             and
             hee
             sent
             his
             express
             order
             to
             the
             same
             effect
             to
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             ,
             commanding
             him
             to
             disband
             his
             men
             ,
             reserving
             onely
             what
             was
             necessarie
             for
             the
             guard
             of
             his
             own
             person
             ,
             in
             regard
             it
             was
             not
             possible
             to
             maintein
             an
             Army
             in
             those
             parts
             ,
             having
             no
             means
             ,
             nor
             place
             where
             to
             raise
             monie
             for
             their
             subsistance
             .
             Fonseca
             was
             inforced
             to
             obey
             ,
             conforming
             himself
             to
             the
             time
             so
             taking
             a
             partie
             of
             hors
             with
             him
             ,
             hee
             went
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ;
             for
             all
             in
             that
             Countrie
             were
             his
             deadlie
             enemies
             ,
             and
             hee
             had
             no
             mind
             to
             bee
             surprised
             by
             them
             in
             Arevalo
             ,
             or
             either
             of
             his
             Towns
             of
             Coca
             or
             Alaejos
             ,
             but
             leaving
             them
             well
             fortified
             ,
             and
             his
             son
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             in
             Coca
             ,
             hee
             passed
             into
             Portugal
             ,
             and
             thence
             by
             Sea
             into
             Flanders
             with
             the
             Judge
             Ronquillo
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             IV.
             
          
           
             ABout
             this
             time
             Caceres
             in
             Estremadura
             ,
             and
             the
             Citie
             of
             Iaen
             in
             Andaluzia
             (
             where
             as
             yet
             the
             diseas
             had
             not
             broke
             out
             )
             began
             to
             cry
             up
             the
             Commonaltie
             .
             
             So
             that
             
               Don
               Rodrigo
               Mexia
            
             Lord
             of
             
               Santa
               Eufemia
            
             ,
             who
             had
             a
             great
             partie
             ,
             beeing
             born
             in
             that
             Citie
             ,
             labored
             and
             used
             all
             means
             possible
             to
             hinder
             the
             people
             from
             the
             outrages
             and
             mischiefs
             ,
             which
             were
             done
             in
             other
             Cities
             ,
             and
             not
             beeing
             able
             to
             bridle
             and
             restrain
             their
             furie
             otherwise
             ,
             hee
             took
             upon
             himself
             the
             charge
             of
             the
             Justice
             and
             Commonaltie
             .
             Manie
             other
             Gentlemen
             made
             use
             of
             the
             like
             prudent
             dissimulation
             ,
             not
             beeing
             able
             to
             do
             otherwise
             .
             Badajoz
             also
             ,
             beeing
             in
             the
             like
             distemper
             ,
             was
             quieted
             by
             his
             good
             industrie
             ,
             they
             of
             Badajoz
             took
             a
             fort
             from
             him
             that
             kept
             it
             for
             the
             Earl
             of
             Feria
             .
             There
             is
             no
             reason
             why
             the
             Andaluzians
             should
             bee
             held
             any
             better
             
             then
             the
             Castillians
             ,
             for
             in
             all
             places
             the
             dissentions
             were
             much
             alike
             ,
             and
             their
             demeanors
             ,
             as
             if
             the
             common
             people
             had
             agreed
             and
             contracted
             together
             som
             yeares
             before
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             V.
             
          
           
             
             UBeda
             and
             Baeza
             were
             divided
             into
             two
             parties
             between
             the
             Venavides
             and
             the
             Caravajales
             both
             noble
             and
             ancient
             families
             in
             
               Castilla
               ,
               Don
               Luis
               de
               la
               Cueva
               ,
            
             cozen
             german
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             Alburquerque
             ,
             was
             Captain
             of
             the
             
               Venavides
               .
               Caravajal
            
             Lord
             of
             Todar
             (
             which
             is
             a
             Village
             two
             leagues
             from
             Ubeda
             )
             commanded
             the
             other
             partie
             .
             In
             these
             factions
             there
             was
             so
             much
             animositie
             ,
             that
             one
             daie
             
               Don
               Luis
               de
               Ubeda
            
             ,
             coming
             in
             a
             litter
             (
             for
             hee
             was
             an
             old
             man
             )
             was
             set
             upon
             by
             Caravajal
             Lord
             of
             Todar
             ,
             attended
             by
             an
             hundred
             hors
             ,
             who
             gave
             him
             so
             manie
             thrusts
             with
             his
             lance
             ,
             that
             hee
             killed
             him
             in
             his
             litter
             .
             This
             done
             ,
             hee
             was
             carried
             back
             to
             Ubeda
             ,
             where
             the
             manner
             of
             his
             death
             beeing
             related
             to
             his
             son
             
               Don
               Alonso
            
             ,
             and
             their
             kindred
             ,
             to
             revenge
             his
             father's
             death
             ,
             they
             went
             to
             the
             Village
             of
             Todar
             ,
             where
             they
             killed
             and
             cut
             the
             throats
             of
             all
             they
             could
             lay
             hands
             upon
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             set
             fire
             to
             the
             Village
             in
             manie
             places
             ,
             that
             some
             that
             hid
             themselvs
             in
             their
             houses
             ,
             were
             fain
             to
             leap
             out
             at
             the
             windows
             to
             avoid
             the
             fire
             .
             The
             destruction
             and
             crueltie
             was
             so
             great
             ,
             that
             they
             reckoned
             of
             killed
             and
             burned
             ,
             about
             two
             thousand
             persons
             ,
             men
             ,
             women
             ,
             or
             children
             ,
             and
             onely
             the
             ruines
             of
             some
             houses
             in
             the
             village
             remained
             .
             But
             indeed
             though
             these
             Gentlemen
             were
             Loyall
             like
             Noble
             persons
             ,
             yet
             it
             was
             so
             ,
             that
             in
             this
             there
             was
             more
             of
             passion
             and
             particular
             grudge
             and
             hatred
             then
             anie
             matter
             of
             Commonaltie
             .
             For
             neither
             the
             Venavides
             ,
             nor
             those
             of
             
               la
               Cueva
            
             ,
             ever
             were
             Commoners
             ,
             or
             pretended
             to
             disserv
             the
             King.
             But
             in
             these
             places
             ,
             with
             the
             occasion
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             's
             beeing
             in
             a
             hurly-burly
             ,
             they
             made
             use
             of
             the
             Common
             Interest
             to
             revenge
             their
             private
             
             passions
             .
             And
             it
             is
             apparent
             ,
             that
             if
             these
             Gentlemen
             did
             follow
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             as
             wishing
             it
             well
             ,
             yet
             they
             were
             none
             of
             their
             Captains
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             VI.
             
          
           
             CUenca
             ,
             
             in
             imitation
             of
             other
             Cities
             ,
             rose
             also
             and
             committed
             the
             like
             disorders
             ;
             In
             this
             Citie
             was
             Captain
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             one
             Calaborra
             ,
             and
             with
             him
             a
             Bridle-maker
             ,
             whom
             the
             whole
             Citie
             obeied
             as
             their
             Lords
             .
             And
             there
             beeing
             a
             person
             of
             principal
             note
             and
             power
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             (
             
               Luis
               Carrillo
               de
               Albhornoz
            
             ,
             Lord
             of
             Torralva
             and
             Berreta
             )
             they
             so
             much
             sl●ghted
             him
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             inforced
             to
             dissemble
             and
             sum●on
             all
             his
             reason
             and
             prudence
             to
             persuade
             his
             heart
             to
             brook
             it
             .
             Their
             audaciousness
             grew
             to
             that
             pass
             ,
             that
             hee
             riding
             upon
             his
             mule
             through
             the
             street
             ,
             a
             Rascal
             of
             the
             Common
             sort
             struck
             him
             over
             the
             buttock
             ,
             saying
             ,
             in
             a
             scoffing
             manner
             ,
             
               Go
               thy
               waie
               Luis
               Carrillo
            
             ;
             hee
             was
             glad
             to
             let
             this
             pass
             ,
             the
             times
             not
             permitting
             him
             to
             do
             otherwise
             .
             
               Luis
               Carrillo
            
             was
             married
             to
             
               Donia
               Inez
               Varrientos
               de
               Manrique
            
             ,
             a
             Ladie
             of
             a
             Masculine
             courage
             ,
             who
             desiring
             to
             revenge
             the
             injuries
             and
             affronts
             done
             to
             her
             husband
             ,
             and
             to
             stop
             and
             take
             off
             the
             opprobrious
             taunts
             of
             the
             people
             ,
             she
             invited
             the
             Captains
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             to
             Supper
             ,
             and
             having
             well
             loaden
             their
             heads
             with
             wine
             ,
             shee
             caused
             them
             to
             bee
             carried
             to
             sleep
             in
             several
             chambers
             ,
             and
             beeing
             dead
             with
             sleep
             and
             the
             vapors
             of
             the
             wine
             ,
             shee
             commanded
             her
             servants
             to
             cut
             their
             throats
             ,
             and
             hang
             their
             bodies
             out
             at
             the
             windows
             next
             the
             street
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             VII
             .
          
           
             AVila
             was
             the
             seat
             where
             all
             the
             Cities
             made
             their
             Assemblie
             ▪
             Here
             they
             did
             such
             disorders
             ,
             as
             the
             loyal
             Citie
             of
             
             Avila
             ought
             not
             to
             have
             permitted
             .
             The
             Common
             people
             were
             the
             onely
             Actors
             thereof
             ,
             for
             the
             Gentrie
             still
             persevered
             in
             the
             fidelitie
             of
             their
             Ancestors
             .
             And
             becaus
             
               Antonio
               Ponce
            
             (
             like
             a
             loial
             Gentleman
             )
             would
             not
             swear
             to
             follow
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             they
             began
             to
             pluck
             down
             his
             hous
             ,
             but
             did
             not
             ,
             beeing
             hindred
             by
             som
             other
             Gentlemen
             .
             The
             rest
             ,
             as
             in
             other
             Cities
             ,
             did
             swear
             and
             took
             the
             Engagement
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             som
             willingly
             ,
             som
             becaus
             they
             did
             not
             rightly
             understand
             themselvs
             ,
             and
             others
             out
             of
             fear
             .
             They
             would
             have
             pluckt
             down
             the
             hous
             of
             
               Diego
               Hernando
               de
               Quiniones
            
             ,
             becaus
             hee
             had
             granted
             the
             Subsidie
             ,
             beeing
             their
             Commissioner
             in
             the
             last
             Parlament
             ,
             but
             som
             good
             men
             intervening
             ,
             hindered
             the
             executing
             of
             their
             Purpose
             .
             They
             had
             possessed
             themselvs
             of
             the
             Fort
             ,
             if
             
               Don
               Gonzalo
               Chachon
            
             Lord
             of
             Cassarruvios
             ,
             (
             seeing
             the
             Commotions
             in
             most
             parts
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             that
             Toledo
             had
             taken
             the
             Fort
             from
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Silva
            
             ,
             and
             Segovia
             would
             have
             done
             the
             like
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Chinchon
             )
             had
             not
             prudently
             and
             with
             dissimulation
             provided
             it
             (
             hee
             beeing
             Governor
             thereof
             )
             with
             Munition
             ,
             Arms
             and
             men
             ,
             taking
             them
             in
             by
             night
             ,
             and
             hiding
             them
             by
             daie
             .
             The
             Fort
             beeing
             thus
             Ammunitioned
             ,
             when
             the
             Common-people
             ple
             flocked
             thither
             to
             take
             it
             ,
             they
             found
             greater
             resistance
             then
             they
             exspected
             .
             And
             the
             Citie
             perceiving
             they
             might
             bee
             much
             damnified
             by
             the
             Fort
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Fort
             likewise
             by
             the
             Citie
             ;
             they
             treated
             of
             an
             Agreement
             and
             Cessation
             of
             Arms
             ,
             whereby
             they
             might
             live
             quietly
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             do
             anie
             act
             of
             Hostilitie
             to
             each
             other
             .
             
               Don
               Gonzalo
               Chachon
            
             having
             informed
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             Governor
             ,
             of
             this
             Treatie
             ,
             by
             his
             consent
             it
             was
             concluded
             ,
             and
             Articles
             on
             both
             sides
             were
             drawn
             in
             form
             ,
             signed
             and
             delivered
             in
             presence
             of
             the
             publick
             Notaries
             of
             the
             Citie
             .
             So
             those
             of
             the
             Fort
             lived
             quietly
             ,
             leaving
             the
             Towns-men
             to
             the
             confusion
             of
             their
             Commonaltie
             .
             The
             nobleness
             of
             the
             Gentrie
             (
             in
             imitation
             of
             their
             Ancestors
             ,
             desirous
             to
             serv
             the
             King
             )
             beeing
             as
             a
             firm
             Bulwark
             and
             secure
             Guard
             against
             their
             indiscreet
             furie
             .
             This
             made
             Avila
             gain
             the
             renown
             of
             Loial
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             VIII
             .
          
           
             NOt
             onely
             the
             fore-named
             Cities
             were
             infected
             with
             this
             spirit
             of
             Sedition
             ,
             but
             divers
             other
             small
             Towns
             and
             Villages
             were
             tainted
             with
             the
             same
             Contagion
             ,
             where
             the
             diseas
             raged
             with
             such
             unnatural
             furie
             ,
             that
             there
             was
             neither
             Law
             nor
             respect
             betwixt
             Fathers
             and
             the
             Children
             ,
             som
             being
             of
             one
             opinion
             ,
             the
             others
             contrarie
             .
             In
             a
             certain
             Village
             called
             Medin●
             ,
             
             near
             the
             
               Palomera
               de
               Avila
            
             ,
             lived
             a
             Byscainer
             Priest
             ,
             half
             a
             fool
             ,
             who
             was
             so
             affectionated
             to
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             that
             everie
             Holie
             daie
             in
             the
             Church
             hee
             used
             to
             saie
             ,
             
               I
               recommend
               unto
               your
               praiers
               ,
               Brethren
               ,
            
             The
             most
             holie
             Commonaltie
             ,
             
               desiring
               God
               to
               preserv
               and
               support
               it
               ,
               that
               it
               may
               never
               fall
               .
               I
               recommend
               unto
               you
               likewise
               ,
               his
               Majestie
               the
               King
               ,
            
             Don
             John
             de
             Padilla
             ,
             
               that
               God
               may
               prosper
               him
               ;
               as
               also
               her
               Highness
               the
               Queen
               ,
               our
               Ladie
            
             Donia
             Maria
             Pacheco
             ,
             
               that
               God
               may
               powr
               down
               his
               blessings
               upon
               her
               ;
               for
               verily
               these
               are
               the
               true
               Kings
               ,
               the
               rest
               are
               all
               but
               Tyrants
               .
            
             These
             praiers
             continued
             for
             three
             weeks
             together
             ,
             after
             which
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             with
             his
             Souldiers
             ,
             passing
             that
             waie
             ,
             som
             of
             them
             were
             quartered
             in
             this
             Priest's
             hous
             ,
             who
             drank
             him
             up
             a
             little
             barrel
             of
             wine
             ,
             killed
             his
             Hens
             ,
             and
             took
             away
             a
             young
             wench
             that
             he
             kept
             ,
             with
             them
             .
             The
             Sundaie
             following
             ,
             beeing
             in
             the
             Church
             ,
             hee
             said
             to
             his
             parishioners
             ,
             
               You
               know
               ,
               Brethren
               ,
               how
            
             John
             de
             Padilla
             
               passing
               here
               ,
               his
               souldiers
               quartered
               in
               my
               hous
               ,
               truly
               Beloved
               ,
               they
               have
               not
               left
               mee
               one
               Hen
               ,
               they
               have
               eaten
               up
               all
               my
               Bacon
               ,
               they
               have
               drunk
               mee
               a
               whole
               Barrel
               of
               Wine
               ,
               and
               have
               taken
               my
            
             Katherine
             
               away
               with
               them
               ,
               therefore
               I
               charge
               you
               henceforwards
               not
               to
               praie
               God
               for
               him
               ,
               but
               for
               our
               Sovereign
               Lord
            
             Don
             Carlos
             ,
             
               and
               the
               Queen
            
             Donia
             Juana
             ,
             
               for
               They
               are
               our
               true
               Kings
               .
            
             I
             do
             relate
             som
             of
             these
             fopperies
             ,
             that
             you
             may
             see
             how
             foolish
             and
             blinde
             men
             were
             at
             that
             time
             ,
             and
             indeed
             no
             better
             could
             then
             bee
             exspected
             ;
             for
             certainly
             som
             malign
             star
             had
             predominance
             for
             two
             years
             over
             those
             parts
             ,
             which
             made
             men
             fall
             into
             such
             unheard
             of
             extravagancies
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             IX
             .
          
           
             THe
             Citie
             of
             Soria
             was
             ingaged
             in
             no
             less
             mischief
             then
             the
             other
             Cities
             ,
             by
             the
             rising
             of
             the
             Common
             People
             .
             If
             I
             should
             undertake
             to
             particularize
             the
             riotous
             disorders
             of
             ev●rie
             several
             place
             ,
             my
             work
             would
             never
             be
             at
             an
             end
             .
             In
             short
             ,
             none
             of
             those
             that
             treated
             of
             Commonalties
             ,
             made
             anie
             bones
             of
             killing
             their
             neighbors
             ,
             plucking
             down
             their
             houses
             ,
             and
             committing
             a
             thousand
             exorb●tances
             (
             like
             rash
             unadvised
             men
             ,
             without
             sens
             or
             judgment
             )
             as
             to
             discompose
             the
             form
             of
             Government
             ,
             displace
             the
             Officers
             of
             Justice
             ,
             taking
             their
             staves
             from
             them
             ,
             and
             naming
             other
             Judges
             ,
             without
             considering
             or
             reflecting
             upon
             the
             end
             that
             followeth
             such
             like
             disorders
             ,
             nor
             how
             to
             bee
             preserved
             in
             them
             .
             
             The
             Citie
             of
             Toro
             and
             
               Ciudad
               Rodrigo
            
             took
             likewise
             the
             Engagement
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             .
             They
             turned
             out
             the
             Officers
             of
             Justice
             established
             by
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             put
             others
             in
             their
             places
             ;
             And
             those
             Gentlemen
             that
             had
             most
             power
             ,
             drove
             their
             Antagonists
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             .
             Which
             factious
             bandyings
             one
             against
             another
             ,
             in
             revenge
             of
             particuler
             grudges
             and
             quarrels
             ,
             were
             the
             chiefest
             occasion
             of
             kindling
             the
             people's
             furie
             ,
             and
             it
             might
             justly
             bee
             said
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             private
             seditions
             and
             tumults
             ,
             not
             Rebellion
             against
             their
             King
             ,
             for
             there
             was
             no
             such
             word
             amongst
             the
             Gentrie
             ,
             nor
             the
             Common
             people
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             X.
             
          
           
             LEon
             had
             done
             wisely
             if
             they
             had
             continued
             in
             the
             same
             good
             resolution
             ,
             wherewith
             they
             answered
             Valladolid
             concerning
             the
             Treatie
             of
             an
             Assemblie
             ,
             which
             Toledo
             desired
             .
             But
             (
             as
             I
             have
             often
             said
             )
             the
             factions
             and
             parcialities
             that
             
             were
             in
             everie
             Citie
             ,
             did
             more
             harm
             then
             anie
             thing
             els
             in
             these
             Commotions
             .
             The
             Guzmanes
             were
             so
             highly
             distasted
             at
             their
             beeing
             put
             out
             of
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ,
             the
             Infante
             ,
             his
             service
             ,
             that
             a
             little
             thing
             would
             have
             made
             them
             raise
             a
             Commotion
             in
             that
             Citie
             ,
             where
             they
             were
             very
             powerfull
             ,
             beeing
             of
             an
             Ancient
             and
             Noble
             extraction
             .
             They
             had
             some
             difference
             and
             spleen
             against
             the
             Earl
             of
             Luna
             ,
             who
             was
             sent
             Commissioner
             from
             that
             Citie
             to
             the
             Parlament
             ,
             that
             was
             held
             at
             the
             Groyne
             ,
             
             who
             having
             consented
             to
             the
             Subsidie
             ,
             was
             not
             well
             received
             at
             his
             return
             ;
             and
             it
             is
             reported
             that
             
               Ramiro
               Nunn●z
               de
               Guzman
            
             spoke
             thus
             to
             him
             ;
             
               They
               saie
               ,
               you
               have
               granted
               the
               Subsidie
               ,
               and
               gon
               beyond
               your
               Commission
               ,
               if
               that
               bee
               true
               ,
               you
               deserve
               to
               bee
               severely
               punished
               .
            
             The
             Earl
             hereupon
             answered
             
               Ramiro
               Nunnez
               ,
               I
               have
               done
               what
               I
               ought
               and
               what
               I
               was
               Commanded
               to
               do
               ,
               neither
               have
               I
               exceeded
               my
               Commission
               one
               title
               .
            
             So
             from
             one
             thing
             to
             another
             at
             last
             they
             fell
             into
             a
             great
             passion
             ,
             and
             
               Ramiro
               Nunnez
            
             said
             to
             the
             
               Earl
               ,
               I
               will
               make
               you
               know
               with
               this
               my
               Sword
               against
               yours
               ,
               how
               you
               are
               a
               Traytor
               ,
               and
               have
               Committed
               Treason
               against
               this
               Citie
               .
            
             Thereupon
             they
             both
             drew
             ,
             and
             this
             unfortunate
             controversie
             ,
             divided
             the
             Citie
             into
             two
             factions
             .
             For
             these
             two
             families
             beeing
             the
             chief
             and
             most
             Ancient
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             had
             each
             of
             them
             manie
             friends
             ,
             kindred
             and
             abbettours
             ;
             but
             in
             regard
             the
             Earl
             was
             out
             of
             favour
             with
             the
             people
             ,
             and
             
               Ramiro
               Nunnez
            
             much
             beloved
             and
             followed
             by
             a
             great
             multitude
             ,
             they
             fell
             upon
             the
             Earl
             and
             his
             partie
             with
             such
             furie
             ,
             that
             they
             killed
             thirteen
             of
             his
             men
             ,
             there
             were
             manie
             on
             both
             sides
             wounded
             .
             The
             Earl
             was
             beholding
             to
             the
             swiftness
             of
             his
             hors
             ,
             or
             else
             hee
             had
             born
             his
             dead
             followers
             companie
             .
             This
             news
             was
             brought
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             the
             Cardinall
             highly
             resented
             it
             ,
             but
             knew
             not
             how
             to
             remedie
             it
             ,
             seeing
             the
             fire
             so
             generally
             kindled
             throughout
             the
             kingdom
             ,
             that
             of
             the
             eighteen
             Towns
             of
             Castilla
             which
             had
             Votes
             in
             Parlament
             ,
             fifteen
             were
             risen
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             and
             had
             chosen
             Commissioners
             ,
             or
             Burgesses
             ,
             to
             goe
             to
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             or
             ,
             Assemblie
             ,
             then
             held
             in
             Avila
             .
             The
             Cardinall
             derived
             the
             fault
             of
             all
             this
             mischief
             upon
             
               Monsieur
               de
               Xeures
            
             ,
             for
             
             giving
             the
             Emperor
             so
             ill
             counsel
             ,
             as
             to
             demand
             that
             Subsidie
             ,
             and
             the
             worst
             of
             all
             was
             ,
             that
             hee
             never
             received
             it
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             was
             out
             of
             heart
             ,
             and
             perplext
             with
             continual
             fears
             ,
             not
             thinking
             himself
             secure
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             these
             troubles
             and
             heart-burnings
             of
             the
             people
             ,
             which
             no
             fault
             of
             the
             King
             's
             but
             the
             covetousness
             of
             his
             insatiable
             Counsellers
             ,
             had
             occasioned
             .
             I
             have
             alreadie
             told
             you
             ,
             that
             one
             Subsidie
             they
             desired
             was
             three
             hundred
             millions
             ,
             and
             another
             time
             six
             hundred
             millions
             ,
             in
             all
             nine
             hundred
             millions
             of
             Maravediz
             ;
             therefore
             let
             no
             man
             marvel
             at
             the
             great
             difference
             of
             these
             sums
             ,
             for
             in
             effect
             no
             bodie
             could
             rightly
             understand
             what
             they
             would
             have
             had
             ;
             yet
             they
             saie
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             desired
             no
             more
             then
             the
             ordinarie
             Subsidie
             that
             his
             Predecessors
             ,
             the
             Catholick
             Kings
             had
             ,
             (
             which
             was
             two
             hundred
             millions
             everie
             year
             )
             and
             that
             the
             over-plus
             they
             stole
             from
             him
             and
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             contrarie
             to
             his
             will
             or
             knowledg
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XI
             .
          
           
             THe
             affairs
             of
             Spain
             were
             so
             imbroiled
             ,
             and
             men
             so
             inconsiderately
             raving
             ,
             that
             it
             seemed
             as
             it
             were
             a
             scourge
             from
             Heaven
             ,
             which
             threatned
             no
             less
             destruction
             to
             that
             Countrie
             then
             that
             ,
             during
             the
             reign
             of
             
               Don
               Rodrigo
            
             .
             They
             trusted
             in
             Southsaier's
             Prognostical
             judgments
             of
             the
             succeeding
             mischiefs
             .
             Som
             Divels
             invented
             ,
             I
             know
             not
             what
             Prophecies
             ,
             which
             they
             father'd
             upon
             
               Saint
               Isidorus
            
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             Sevilia
             ,
             others
             upon
             Frier
             
               Iohn
               de
               Roccacelsa
            
             ,
             and
             one
             Merlin
             ,
             besides
             others
             ,
             which
             they
             said
             ,
             were
             of
             
               Saint
               Iohn
               Damascenus
            
             ,
             and
             other
             Doctors
             ;
             that
             of
             
               Saint
               Isidorus
            
             was
             his
             complaints
             or
             lamentations
             over
             Spain
             .
             I
             have
             read
             all
             those
             ill
             pres●ges
             of
             calamitie
             and
             destruction
             to
             Spain
             ,
             which
             so
             much
             affrighted
             and
             dismaied
             the
             people
             ,
             and
             I
             find
             them
             onely
             idle
             things
             ,
             which
             deserv
             not
             the
             setting
             down
             here
             ,
             unless
             it
             were
             to
             
             make
             us
             wonder
             at
             the
             facilitie
             and
             weakness
             of
             men
             in
             those
             times
             ,
             to
             give
             credit
             to
             anie
             such
             like
             fopperies
             .
             The
             ignorant
             people
             were
             particularly
             besotted
             with
             one
             which
             pourported
             ,
             
             
               That
               there
               should
               reign
               over
            
             Spain
             
               a
               Prince
               called
            
             Charles
             ,
             
               who
               should
               destroie
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               and
               make
               the
               Cities
               desolate
               ,
               but
               hee
               should
               bee
               overcom
               and
               driven
               out
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               by
               an
            
             Infante
             of
             Portingal
             ,
             
               and
               that
               the
               said
            
             Infante
             
               should
               reign
               over
               all
            
             Spain
             ,
             
               and
               mee
               think's
               wee
               see
               the
               contrarie
               .
            
             Such
             follies
             doth
             blinde
             passion
             ,
             work
             in
             thoughts
             of
             ignorant
             and
             indiscreet
             people
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XII
             .
          
           
             TOledo
             wrote
             to
             the
             other
             Cities
             the
             last
             year
             1519
             ,
             inviting
             them
             to
             assemble
             ,
             and
             consult
             of
             what
             was
             most
             meet
             and
             expedient
             for
             them
             to
             supplicate
             the
             Emperor
             before
             his
             departure
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             And
             in
             regard
             that
             Assemblie
             went
             not
             forwards
             ,
             and
             that
             now
             things
             were
             in
             such
             disorder
             ,
             that
             the
             breaking
             out
             was
             universal
             through
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             yet
             they
             did
             not
             well
             understand
             ,
             nor
             trust
             one
             another
             ;
             so
             for
             the
             begetting
             a
             better
             intelligence
             amongst
             them
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             end
             they
             might
             the
             more
             firmly
             establish
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             
             which
             th●y
             called
             
               Holie
               ,
               Toledo
            
             sent
             other
             Letters
             to
             all
             the
             Cities
             of
             Castillia
             ,
             pressing
             them
             with
             manie
             powerful
             arguments
             ,
             to
             send
             ,
             without
             delaie
             ,
             their
             Commissioners
             to
             the
             Holie
             Assemblie
             at
             Avila
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             return
             them
             anie
             such
             excuse
             ,
             as
             formerly
             ,
             becaus
             such
             kinde
             of
             Congregations
             and
             Assemblies
             were
             condemned
             by
             strangers
             ;
             for
             in
             that
             Holie
             Assemblie
             nothing
             was
             to
             bee
             debated
             ,
             but
             what
             concerned
             the
             Service
             of
             GOD.
             And
             that
             they
             might
             studie
             or
             invent
             Remedies
             against
             the
             Seven
             sins
             of
             Spain
             ,
             treating
             first
             ,
             Of
             their
             fidelitie
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             their
             Lord.
             Secondly
             ,
             the
             Peace
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             Thirdly
             ,
             the
             Remedie
             or
             settling
             of
             the
             Roial
             Patrimonie
             ▪
             Fourthly
             ,
             the
             grievances
             of
             the
             Natives
             .
             Fifthly
             ,
             the
             Injustice
             done
             by
             Strangers
             .
             Sixtly
             ,
             the
             Tyrannies
             w
             th
             som
             
             of
             their
             own
             Countrie-men
             had
             invented
             .
             Seventhly
             ,
             the
             intolerable
             Impositions
             &
             taxes
             which
             that
             Kingdom
             suffered
             .
             Urging
             moreover
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             not
             value
             what
             censure
             passed
             upon
             them
             amongst
             their
             enemies
             for
             so
             doing
             ,
             in
             regard
             wicked
             persons
             are
             alwaies
             ready
             to
             blast
             with
             opprobrious
             tongues
             ,
             all
             good
             and
             religious
             actions
             ,
             which
             presupposed
             ,
             although
             things
             should
             fall
             out
             contrarie
             to
             their
             exspectations
             or
             desires
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             should
             bee
             in
             danger
             of
             their
             persons
             ,
             thei●
             houses
             should
             be
             plucktdown
             ,
             their
             goods
             taken
             away
             ,
             and
             at
             last
             should
             lose
             their
             lives
             :
             In
             such
             case
             they
             were
             to
             esteem
             disgrace
             a
             favor
             ,
             danger
             securitie
             ,
             povertie
             riches
             ,
             banishment
             a
             glorie
             ,
             loss
             profit
             ,
             persecution
             a
             crown
             ,
             death
             life
             ;
             for
             nothing
             is
             so
             glorious
             for
             a
             man
             ,
             as
             to
             spend
             his
             life
             in
             the
             defence
             of
             the
             Republick
             .
             After
             all
             these
             ,
             and
             divers
             other
             persuasive
             arguments
             ,
             they
             desired
             each
             Citie
             to
             give
             ful
             credence
             to
             their
             Messenger
             ,
             who
             had
             instructions
             to
             treat
             further
             with
             them
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XIII
             .
          
           
             THe
             fifth
             of
             Iulie
             1520
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Deputie
             of
             Murcia
             made
             a
             complaint
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             Council
             ,
             how
             the
             Citie
             ,
             beeing
             risen
             ,
             had
             killed
             their
             Governor
             ,
             a
             Judg
             ,
             and
             one
             of
             the
             Sheriffs
             ,
             besides
             several
             other
             persons
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             people
             were
             all
             in
             Arms
             ,
             and
             so
             disorderly
             ,
             that
             becaus
             hee
             went
             about
             to
             pacifie
             and
             allaie
             their
             furie
             gently
             ,
             and
             in
             a
             peaceable
             manner
             representing
             to
             them
             the
             foulness
             and
             enormitie
             of
             what
             they
             had
             don
             ,
             they
             drove
             him
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             placed
             Guards
             and
             Rounds
             ,
             which
             committed
             very
             great
             disorders
             .
             Hereupon
             it
             was
             ordered
             by
             the
             Council
             ,
             that
             Leguizama
             ,
             
             a
             Judg
             of
             Oyer
             and
             Terminer
             ,
             should
             go
             thither
             with
             large
             powers
             ,
             taking
             Officers
             along
             with
             him
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             neighboring
             towns
             should
             furnish
             him
             with
             men
             sufficient
             to
             bring
             them
             to
             reason
             .
             Leguizama
             the
             Judg
             ,
             beeing
             arrived
             
             at
             Murcia
             ,
             entred
             peaceably
             into
             the
             Citie
             .
             Hee
             intimated
             his
             orders
             to
             the
             Chief
             Justice
             ,
             Gentlemen
             ,
             Council
             and
             Assemblie
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             requiring
             their
             favor
             and
             assistance
             .
             Which
             at
             first
             they
             did
             obey
             :
             and
             the
             Judg
             began
             to
             make
             his
             privie
             search
             and
             examination
             ,
             whereby
             hee
             found
             som
             guiltie
             ,
             which
             hee
             gave
             order
             to
             apprehend
             .
             This
             pleased
             not
             the
             People
             ,
             who
             began
             to
             think
             of
             turning
             him
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             .
             Hee
             sentenced
             a
             Shoomaker
             to
             bee
             whipp'd
             ,
             who
             beeing
             brought
             through
             the
             streets
             ,
             
             the
             Beadles
             still
             whipping
             him
             ,
             the
             people
             mutinied
             ,
             and
             manie
             beeing
             armed
             ,
             they
             rescued
             the
             prisoner
             with
             great
             nois
             and
             hubbub
             ;
             which
             done
             ,
             they
             went
             into
             a
             hous
             to
             consult
             what
             they
             were
             to
             do
             .
             The
             Judg
             perceiving
             that
             presently
             betook
             him
             to
             his
             heels
             ,
             and
             fled
             into
             the
             Marquess
             of
             Velez
             his
             hous
             ,
             who
             then
             was
             in
             the
             Citie
             .
             The
             Marquess
             hearing
             that
             the
             Judg
             was
             gone
             to
             his
             hous
             ,
             hee
             would
             not
             staie
             with
             him
             ,
             but
             presently
             took
             hors
             and
             rode
             out
             of
             the
             Town
             as
             fast
             as
             hee
             could
             to
             Mula
             ,
             a
             Citie
             ten
             leagues
             from
             Murcia
             .
             The
             Judg
             made
             all
             haste
             possible
             after
             the
             Marquess
             ,
             and
             overtook
             him
             in
             the
             field
             a
             good
             waie
             from
             Murcia
             ,
             where
             hee
             shewed
             him
             his
             Orders
             ,
             charging
             him
             in
             the
             King's
             name
             ,
             under
             pain
             of
             Death
             and
             Confiscation
             of
             all
             his
             Estate
             ,
             to
             go
             back
             again
             with
             him
             into
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             to
             aid
             and
             assist
             him
             to
             do
             Justice
             .
             The
             Marquess
             answered
             him
             very
             angerly
             ,
             (
             for
             hee
             had
             desired
             him
             before
             to
             bee
             very
             careful
             how
             hee
             proceeded
             ,
             to
             consider
             the
             times
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             be
             too
             rigorous
             ,
             but
             he
             would
             not
             follow
             his
             counsel
             )
             saying
             ,
             
             
               Iudg
               !
               Go
               ,
               make
               these
               Requests
               to
               such
               men
               as
               your self
               is
               ,
               not
               to
               mee
               ,
               for
               in
               respect
               I
               am
               very
               much
               a
               servant
               to
               his
               Majestie
               ,
               I
               give
               you
               this
               answer
               and
               no
               other
               .
               But
               to
               obey
               ,
               and
               shew
               the
               reverence
               I
               bear
               to
               the
               Roial
               Crown
               (
               in
               whose
               name
               you
               require
               mee
               to
               return
               with
               you
               )
               let
               your
               Notarie
               publick
               com
               after
               mee
               ,
               and
               I
               will
               give
               him
               an
               answer
               to
               what
               you
               demand
               of
               mee
            
             ;
             With
             that
             hee
             turned
             the
             reins
             of
             his
             Hors
             and
             rode
             on
             towards
             Mula
             .
             The
             Judg
             went
             back
             to
             Murcia
             and
             set
             up
             his
             Hors
             in
             the
             same
             lodging
             hee
             was
             at
             before
             .
             By
             this
             time
             the
             Commonaltie
             was
             monstrousty
             distempered
             ,
             and
             a
             multitude
             not
             onely
             of
             the
             Towns-people
             ,
             
             but
             also
             of
             the
             neighboring
             Farms
             and
             Cottages
             ,
             ran
             thither
             with
             clamorous
             outcries
             ,
             and
             a
             full
             resolution
             to
             burn
             him
             ,
             and
             all
             that
             were
             in
             the
             hous
             ,
             and
             they
             had
             executed
             their
             purpose
             but
             for
             
               Diego
               de
               Vera
            
             ,
             who
             happily
             was
             then
             at
             Murcia
             with
             his
             souldiers
             :
             and
             hearing
             they
             had
             such
             an
             intention
             ,
             hee
             rode
             presently
             to
             the
             Judge's
             lodging
             ,
             which
             hee
             found
             encompassed
             with
             a
             number
             of
             people
             ,
             crying
             out
             ,
             
               Let
               him
               die
               ,
               let
               him
               die
               .
            
             Yet
             at
             the
             instance
             and
             earnest
             request
             of
             Captain
             
               Diego
               de
               Vera
            
             they
             forbore
             ,
             who
             desired
             them
             not
             to
             commit
             anie
             such
             violence
             ,
             but
             leave
             it
             to
             him
             ,
             and
             hee
             would
             take
             such
             order
             ,
             that
             the
             Judg
             should
             go
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             meddle
             no
             more
             in
             that
             business
             .
             Hee
             obteined
             at
             length
             ,
             with
             much
             trouble
             and
             importunitie
             ,
             a
             promise
             from
             them
             to
             do
             whatsoëver
             hee
             commanded
             ,
             upon
             condition
             ,
             that
             the
             Processes
             made
             against
             anie
             of
             the
             Inhabitants
             of
             that
             Citie
             should
             be
             delivered
             to
             them
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Judg
             should
             depart
             the
             Citie
             within
             one
             hour
             ▪
             
               Diego
               de
               Vera
            
             having
             promised
             their
             desires
             should
             bee
             performed
             ,
             went
             into
             the
             Judge's
             lodging
             ,
             who
             presently
             delivered
             him
             the
             said
             Processes
             ,
             which
             hee
             gave
             to
             the
             people
             ,
             making
             them
             promise
             him
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             not
             in
             anie
             kinde
             molest
             the
             Judg
             nor
             anie
             of
             his
             servants
             ,
             but
             would
             let
             him
             go
             quietly
             and
             safely
             away
             ,
             so
             hee
             departed
             without
             making
             anie
             longer
             staie
             in
             those
             parts
             ,
             
             which
             was
             no
             small
             matter
             to
             obtein
             of
             such
             Mutiniers
             :
             the
             autoritie
             and
             grey-hairs
             of
             
               Diego
               de
               Vera
            
             ,
             besides
             the
             repute
             hee
             had
             of
             beeing
             a
             gallant
             Souldier
             ,
             was
             very
             useful
             at
             that
             time
             .
             Having
             pacified
             the
             people
             ,
             and
             persuaded
             them
             to
             return
             to
             their
             own
             homes
             ,
             he
             conducted
             the
             Judg
             ,
             with
             his
             servants
             ,
             
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             a
             league
             beyond
             ,
             where
             they
             parted
             ,
             and
             the
             Judg
             went
             in
             a
             great
             chafe
             &
             fume
             to
             Mula
             .
             There
             hee
             demanded
             men
             to
             return
             with
             him
             to
             Murcia
             ,
             
             which
             coming
             to
             the
             people's
             ear
             ,
             they
             rose
             also
             against
             him
             ,
             and
             having
             sounded
             an
             Alarm
             with
             much
             furie
             ,
             they
             presently
             gaue
             notice
             thereof
             to
             Lorca
             ,
             and
             so
             from
             Village
             to
             Village
             to
             Murcia
             ,
             and
             in
             very
             short
             time
             they
             were
             together
             in
             Arms
             about
             eight
             thousand
             men
             with
             those
             of
             Murcia
             ,
             who
             marched
             a
             Judgcatching
             
             directly
             to
             Mula
             .
             But
             hee
             was
             too
             wise
             to
             wait
             for
             their
             coming
             ,
             and
             flying
             night
             and
             daie
             hee
             never
             staied
             until
             hee
             got
             to
             Valladolid
             .
             Where
             hee
             remained
             but
             two
             daies
             ,
             and
             on
             Sundaie
             night
             he
             went
             to
             
               Aldea
               Mayor
            
             ,
             three
             leagues
             thence
             ,
             for
             hee
             durst
             not
             staie
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             knowing
             they
             did
             not
             greatly
             love
             him
             for
             som
             things
             past
             ,
             and
             there
             was
             but
             a
             kinde
             of
             counterfeited
             ●eace
             in
             that
             Citie
             ,
             hee
             was
             affraid
             they
             would
             kill
             him
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XIV
             .
          
           
             THe
             Citie
             of
             Sevilla
             ,
             or
             Sevil
             ,
             that
             all
             this
             while
             stood
             (
             as
             it
             were
             )
             looking
             on
             the
             rest
             ,
             had
             likewise
             its
             disturber
             ,
             who
             indeavoured
             to
             plunge
             it
             as
             deep
             as
             the
             other
             Cities
             ,
             in
             these
             unhappie
             Commotions
             .
             
             The
             beginning
             was
             thus
             .
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Figueroa
            
             (
             brother
             to
             
               Don
               Rodrigo
               Ponze
               de
               Leon
               ,
               Duke
            
             of
             Arcos
             )
             the
             Duke
             beeing
             at
             his
             Town
             of
             Marchena
             ,
             set
             himself
             to
             rais
             the
             people
             of
             the
             Citie
             in
             favor
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             with
             intent
             to
             bee
             Captain
             and
             Governor
             himself
             .
             To
             vvhich
             effect
             ,
             having
             already
             moulded
             and
             vvorked
             them
             to
             his
             mind
             ,
             and
             beeing
             agreed
             vvith
             those
             that
             vvere
             his
             complotters
             and
             confederates
             in
             this
             design
             ,
             on
             Sundaie
             17
             of
             September
             ,
             1520
             ,
             after
             dinner
             time
             ,
             hee
             and
             som
             Gentlemen
             (
             kinsmen
             and
             followers
             of
             the
             Duke
             his
             brother
             )
             went
             to
             the
             Duke's
             hous
             in
             Sevilla
             ,
             where
             they
             assembled
             and
             gathered
             together
             above
             seven
             hundred
             men
             with
             Arms
             ,
             which
             done
             ,
             hee
             and
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Gentlemen
             beeing
             on
             hors-back
             ,
             and
             the
             people
             on
             foot
             ,
             they
             took
             four
             pieces
             of
             Ordnance
             out
             of
             the
             Duke's
             hous
             with
             them
             ,
             and
             so
             marched
             into
             the
             streets
             ,
             crying
             out
             ,
             
               God
               bless
               the
               King
               and
               Commonaltie
               .
            
             Thus
             they
             went
             as
             far
             as
             St
             
               Francis
               place
            
             ,
             and
             no
             bodie
             els
             stirred
             nor
             offred
             to
             join
             with
             them
             ,
             but
             onely
             looked
             on
             as
             they
             passed
             .
             By
             the
             waie
             
               Don
               Iohn
            
             caused
             the
             staves
             to
             bee
             taken
             away
             from
             the
             King's
             Officers
             of
             Justice
             ,
             and
             gave
             them
             to
             others
             in
             behalf
             
             half
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             .
             In
             this
             time
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Medina
               Sidonia
               ,
               Don
               Alonzo
               Perez
               de
               Guzman
               ,
            
             beeing
             very
             young
             ,
             was
             yet
             under
             the
             Guardianship
             &
             Tuterage
             of
             
               Donia
               Leonor
               de
               Suniga
            
             his
             mother
             .
             Who
             being
             a
             Ladie
             of
             an
             high
             Spirit
             and
             courage
             ,
             and
             seeing
             so
             dangerous
             a
             fire
             kindled
             in
             Sevilla
             ,
             assembled
             all
             their
             domesticks
             ,
             with
             all
             the
             friends
             and
             welwishers
             to
             her
             Son's
             Partie
             (
             that
             shee
             could
             so
             suddenly
             get
             together
             )
             and
             sent
             them
             under
             the
             Conduct
             of
             
               Don
               Valencia
               de
               Venavides
            
             a
             valiant
             Gentleman
             (
             who
             had
             married
             the
             Duke's
             sister
             )
             against
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Figueroa
            
             .
             But
             beeing
             approached
             near
             each
             other
             ,
             and
             ready
             to
             fight
             ,
             som
             Gentlemen
             of
             note
             ,
             mediating
             betwixt
             them
             ,
             composed
             their
             quarrel
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             the
             Duke
             of
             Medina's
             men
             returned
             home
             again
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Iohn
            
             advanced
             to
             the
             gate
             of
             the
             Fort
             Roial
             ,
             which
             finding
             shut
             ,
             hee
             battered
             it
             down
             with
             his
             Ordnance
             ,
             and
             beeing
             entred
             with
             all
             his
             men
             ,
             hee
             took
             the
             Commander
             of
             it
             
               Don
               Iorge
               de
               Portugal
            
             Earl
             of
             Gelves
             ;
             which
             done
             ,
             becaus
             it
             was
             grown
             late
             ,
             hee
             quarter'd
             there
             all
             night
             ,
             thinking
             that
             all
             the
             people
             of
             Sevilla
             would
             presently
             flock
             to
             him
             ,
             applauding
             this
             exploit
             ,
             and
             back
             him
             in
             his
             enterprise
             ,
             but
             they
             were
             so
             far
             from
             countenancing
             his
             design
             ,
             that
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             those
             that
             followed
             him
             that
             daie
             ,
             forsook
             him
             in
             the
             night
             ,
             and
             returned
             to
             their
             own
             houses
             .
             The
             next
             daie
             ,
             very
             early
             in
             the
             morning
             ,
             the
             Officers
             of
             Justice
             ,
             and
             the
             
               Veynte
               y
               Quatros
            
             (
             by
             whom
             that
             Citie
             is
             governed
             )
             beeing
             assembled
             ,
             
             they
             ordered
             ,
             that
             immediately
             the
             King's
             Standard
             should
             bee
             brought
             forth
             ,
             and
             that
             by
             command
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             the
             people
             should
             all
             go
             in
             Arms
             and
             assault
             the
             Fort
             ,
             which
             beeing
             re-taken
             ,
             should
             forthwith
             bee
             delivered
             unto
             the
             Charge
             of
             him
             who
             before
             commanded
             it
             for
             the
             King.
             
               Don
               Fernando
               de
               Zuniga
            
             Earl
             of
             Venalcazar
             and
             divers
             other
             Gentlemen
             fitted
             themselvs
             to
             assist
             the
             people
             in
             this
             enterprise
             .
             But
             before
             they
             were
             in
             a
             posture
             to
             put
             this
             design
             in
             execution
             ,
             
               Don
               Valencia
               de
               Venavides
            
             ,
             by
             order
             and
             command
             express
             from
             the
             Dutchesses
             ,
             
               Donia
               Leonor
               de
               Zuniga
            
             ,
             and
             
               Donia
               Anna
               de
               Aragon
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Duke
             of
             Medina
             (
             who
             was
             sick
             in
             bed
             )
             having
             rallied
             and
             re-assembled
             the
             men
             that
             followed
             
             him
             the
             daie
             before
             with
             great
             courage
             and
             resolution
             marched
             to
             the
             Fort
             ,
             of
             which
             ,
             after
             three
             hours
             hot
             dispute
             hee
             became
             Master
             ,
             
             took
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Figueroa
            
             prisoner
             ,
             (
             who
             was
             wounded
             in
             two
             places
             )
             and
             re-delivered
             the
             Fort
             to
             
               Don
               Iorge
               de
               Portugal
            
             .
             So
             in
             less
             then
             24
             hours
             this
             cloud
             was
             quite
             blown
             over
             ,
             which
             threatned
             so
             furious
             a
             tempest
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XV.
             
          
           
             THe
             Citie
             of
             Segovia
             sent
             to
             Salamanca
             ,
             desiring
             Hors
             for
             their
             defens
             against
             Ronquillo
             .
             The
             Common
             people
             and
             so●
             Gentlemen
             gave
             their
             Votes
             to
             send
             them
             succor
             ,
             but
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             the
             Gentrie
             opposed
             it
             ,
             saying
             ,
             it
             was
             a
             great
             diss●rvice
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             contrarie
             to
             Justice
             .
             Manie
             distastfull
             words
             passed
             amongst
             them
             ,
             but
             at
             last
             the
             Commons
             prevailed
             ,
             
             and
             turned
             all
             those
             Gentlemen
             out
             of
             Salamanca
             .
             One
             stately
             hous
             ,
             that
             belonged
             to
             the
             Archbishop
             of
             Santjago's
             Steward
             ,
             they
             burned
             down
             to
             the
             ground
             .
             Neither
             did
             those
             Gentlemen
             hold
             themselvs
             secure
             ,
             until
             they
             were
             got
             into
             Valladolid
             ,
             where
             they
             gave
             a
             full
             account
             of
             all
             these
             passages
             .
             This
             was
             the
             beginning
             of
             the
             rising
             publickly
             in
             Salamanca
             .
             After
             which
             they
             kept
             their
             Rounds
             and
             Guards
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             sent
             Hors
             to
             the
             relief
             of
             Segovia
             ,
             but
             before
             they
             departed
             ,
             Salamanca
             ,
             with
             other
             Cities
             ,
             sent
             two
             men
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             Council
             ,
             beseeching
             them
             to
             forbear
             from
             chastising
             Segovia
             ,
             for
             if
             they
             did
             not
             ,
             the
             Citie
             of
             Salamanca
             could
             not
             refrain
             from
             sending
             them
             succor
             .
             Their
             chief
             Captain
             in
             this
             uproar
             was
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Maldonado
            
             ,
             
             Nephew
             to
             the
             Doctor
             Talavera
             ,
             who
             drove
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Gentlemen
             ,
             that
             were
             not
             of
             his
             faction
             ,
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             made
             the
             Corregidor
             go
             away
             also
             ,
             leaving
             the
             administration
             of
             Justice
             more
             out
             of
             fear
             then
             otherwise
             ;
             which
             done
             ,
             the
             Citie
             ordered
             the
             Justice
             ,
             and
             did
             what
             you
             shall
             see
             hereafter
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XVI
             .
          
           
             THe
             Cardinal
             ,
             Governor
             ,
             seeing
             these
             troubles
             and
             disorders
             increas
             daily
             without
             anie
             hope
             of
             remedie
             ,
             notwithstanding
             all
             the
             endeavors
             and
             gentle
             means
             hee
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             had
             used
             to
             procure
             it
             :
             The
             President
             and
             the
             rest
             agreed
             to
             give
             his
             Majestie
             an
             exact
             account
             of
             all
             the
             Commotions
             and
             particular
             exigencies
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Castillia
             ,
             and
             in
             what
             danger
             they
             themselvs
             were
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             people's
             furie
             ,
             desiring
             his
             Majestie
             to
             take
             som
             speedie
             order
             for
             the
             rectifying
             of
             so
             great
             disorders
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XVII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Emperor
             had
             already
             received
             som
             intelligence
             of
             these
             troubles
             in
             Spain
             ,
             by
             means
             of
             Flemish
             Merchants
             ,
             and
             other
             particular
             letters
             ;
             But
             when
             those
             from
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             Council
             came
             to
             his
             hands
             at
             Lovain
             ,
             Hee
             was
             seized
             with
             unexpressible
             sadness
             .
             The
             necessitie
             of
             his
             going
             to
             bee
             crowned
             in
             Germanie
             was
             very
             urgent
             ,
             and
             his
             returning
             into
             Spain
             seemed
             yet
             of
             more
             importance
             .
             The
             Letter
             's
             sad
             Contents
             br●d
             divers
             discontents
             ,
             and
             no
             less
             different
             opinions
             (
             as
             the
             custom
             is
             )
             amongst
             the
             Courtiers
             of
             the
             nearest
             relation
             about
             the
             Emperor
             .
             The
             Flemings
             condemned
             the
             Spaniards
             for
             raising
             these
             tumults
             ond
             commotions
             in
             their
             King's
             absence
             :
             The
             Spaniards
             retorted
             the
             blame
             upon
             the
             Flemings
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             their
             ill
             Government
             had
             been
             the
             occasion
             of
             the
             ruine
             and
             loss
             of
             Spain
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             had
             robbed
             it
             ;
             and
             indeed
             to
             saie
             the
             truth
             ,
             They
             were
             both
             in
             fault
             ;
             for
             the
             Flemings
             were
             as
             short
             of
             discretion
             and
             prudence
             to
             Govern
             ,
             as
             they
             abounded
             with
             a
             too
             insatiable
             Covetousness
             .
             
             And
             the
             Spaniards
             ,
             although
             they
             had
             som
             reason
             to
             complain
             ,
             could
             not
             bee
             excused
             for
             rising
             up
             in
             Arms.
             
               Monsieur
               de
               Xeures
            
             grew
             much
             discontented
             and
             ashamed
             upon
             the
             report
             of
             this
             breaking
             out
             of
             Spain
             ,
             partly
             becaus
             hee
             knew
             what
             opinion
             went
             of
             him
             in
             the
             Court
             ,
             but
             chiefly
             becaus
             hee
             thought
             (
             as
             justly
             hee
             might
             )
             the
             Emperor
             would
             derive
             the
             fault
             upon
             him
             :
             who
             ,
             whil'st
             hee
             was
             in
             Spain
             ,
             commanded
             with
             so
             absolute
             a
             power
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             commonly
             said
             ,
             The
             Emperor
             
               Don
               Carlos
            
             is
             King
             by
             right
             ,
             and
             
               Monsieur
               de
               Xeures
            
             in
             effect
             .
             The
             Emperor
             beeing
             thus
             disquieted
             ,
             called
             a
             Council
             ,
             and
             desiring
             to
             have
             their
             advices
             ,
             hee
             propounded
             ,
             That
             they
             would
             consider
             what
             means
             was
             to
             bee
             vsed
             ,
             that
             Hee
             might
             go
             into
             Germanie
             ,
             and
             receiv
             that
             Crown
             which
             Hee
             so
             much
             desired
             ,
             and
             provide
             som
             remedie
             to
             settle
             the
             disturbances
             of
             Spain
             ,
             which
             was
             of
             no
             less
             importance
             to
             him
             ,
             for
             his
             Coronation
             could
             bee
             no
             longer
             suspended
             ,
             and
             the
             remedying
             of
             Spain
             ought
             not
             to
             bee
             differred
             .
             Hee
             had
             of
             his
             Council
             in
             this
             occurrence
             ,
             
               Germanes
               ,
               Flemings
               ,
               Italians
               ,
               Aragoneses
            
             and
             Castillans
             ;
             and
             their
             opinions
             were
             as
             different
             as
             their
             Nations
             .
             For
             the
             Germanes
             urged
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             repuisite
             his
             Majestie
             should
             continue
             his
             journie
             into
             Germanie
             .
             The
             Italians
             said
             ,
             it
             was
             necessarie
             that
             hee
             should
             make●
             a
             progress
             into
             Italie
             .
             The
             Flemings
             were
             very
             importunate
             for
             him
             to
             staie
             in
             their
             Countrie
             .
             The
             Aragoneses
             pleaded
             ,
             that
             Valencia
             was
             also
             risen
             up
             in
             Arms.
             And
             the
             Castillans
             used
             all
             means
             possible
             to
             persuade
             him
             to
             re●urn
             into
             Castill●
             .
             The
             case
             beeing
             so
             general
             and
             nearly
             concerning
             so
             manie
             Kingdoms
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             did
             wisely
             to
             take
             the
             advice
             of
             manie
             .
             But
             at
             last
             the
             resolution
             of
             the
             business
             was
             given
             by
             few
             ▪
             as
             great
             Princes
             use
             to
             do
             in
             like
             occurrences
             .
             The
             result
             of
             this
             Consultation
             was
             ,
             That
             the
             Emperor
             should
             continue
             his
             journie
             into
             Germanie
             ,
             and
             having
             received
             the
             Imperial
             Crown
             ,
             there
             to
             remain
             until
             hee
             had
             fully
             settled
             the
             affairs
             of
             that
             Countrie
             ,
             not
             being
             everie
             daie
             to
             return
             thither
             .
             It
             was
             likewise
             resolved
             ,
             That
             his
             Majestie
             should
             send
             amiable
             and
             gracious
             Letters
             to
             all
             the
             Cities
             and
             Towns
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             requiring
             
             som
             of
             them
             to
             return
             unto
             themselvs
             and
             his
             service
             ,
             and
             expressing
             his
             thankfulness
             to
             others
             for
             their
             good
             intentions
             towards
             him
             ;
             That
             hee
             should
             desire
             and
             encharge
             the
             Nobles
             and
             Gentrie
             to
             favor
             and
             assist
             those
             of
             his
             Roial
             Council
             ;
             promising
             to
             all
             upon
             the
             faith
             of
             his
             Roial
             word
             ,
             that
             with
             all
             possible
             expedition
             hee
             would
             return
             into
             Castilla
             ,
             (
             for
             the
             thought
             of
             the
             Emperor
             's
             never
             returning
             into
             Spain
             ,
             bred
             in
             the
             Common
             people
             the
             boldness
             to
             commit
             such
             outrages
             and
             exorbitances
             )
             .
             Moreover
             it
             was
             determined
             ,
             That
             the
             Emperor
             should
             write
             unto
             the
             President
             and
             Council
             ,
             condoling
             their
             troubles
             and
             persecution
             ,
             commanding
             them
             withall
             ,
             that
             in
             one
             place
             or
             other
             ,
             six
             of
             them
             should
             alwaies
             bee
             about
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             hold
             Council
             :
             To
             the
             end
             they
             might
             serv
             as
             a
             Refuge
             for
             the
             good
             people
             to
             appeal
             unto
             ,
             and
             bee
             a
             terror
             to
             the
             evil
             :
             for
             if
             the
             Council
             omitted
             the
             doing
             of
             Justice
             ,
             the
             Roial
             Autoritie
             must
             needs
             fall
             .
             And
             also
             ,
             That
             the
             Emperor
             should
             appoint
             two
             other
             Governors
             to
             bee
             joined
             in
             Commission
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             and
             those
             to
             bee
             men
             of
             noble
             extractions
             ,
             well
             experienced
             ,
             and
             advanced
             in
             years
             ,
             of
             generous
             dispositions
             ,
             powerful
             in
             estates
             ,
             but
             chiefly
             Natives
             of
             that
             Kingdom
             .
             This
             advice
             seemed
             very
             sound
             and
             pertinent
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             whereupon
             hee
             gave
             order
             it
             should
             bee
             put
             in
             execution
             accordingly
             ,
             and
             those
             whom
             they
             Voted
             to
             bee
             joined
             in
             Commission
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             were
             ,
             
               Don
               Fadrique
               Enriquez
            
             Lord
             High
             Admiral
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Inigo
               de
               Velasco
            
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             who
             were
             both
             antient
             Gentlemen
             of
             great
             generositie
             and
             gallantrie
             .
             Which
             Election
             gave
             no
             small
             satisfaction
             to
             the
             Castillan
             partie
             ,
             for
             they
             had
             shewen
             themselvs
             in
             their
             commands
             not
             onely
             wise
             but
             valiant
             ,
             and
             were
             alwaies
             fortunate
             in
             their
             undertakings
             .
             These
             Noblemen
             governed
             with
             such
             valour
             and
             prudence
             ,
             that
             the
             Emperor
             in
             his
             Letters
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             give
             's
             him
             thanks
             for
             his
             services
             ,
             acknowledging
             that
             by
             his
             means
             hee
             was
             King
             of
             Castilla
             .
             And
             indeed
             the
             Emperor
             said
             but
             what
             was
             true
             .
             Besides
             all
             this
             ,
             his
             Majestie
             sent
             an
             especial
             Command
             ,
             That
             the
             subsidie
             
             which
             was
             granted
             him
             at
             the
             Groyn
             ,
             should
             not
             bee
             exacted
             from
             those
             Cities
             which
             continued
             in
             their
             obedience
             to
             him
             ,
             nor
             from
             those
             which
             were
             willing
             to
             submit
             and
             bee
             reduced
             ,
             for
             it
             was
             his
             will
             and
             pleasure
             graciously
             to
             forgive
             it
             them
             .
             This
             grace
             hee
             did
             likewise
             to
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             That
             the
             Roial
             Revenue
             should
             bee
             allowed
             for
             the
             Taxes
             ,
             as
             during
             the
             Reigns
             of
             other
             Catholick
             Kings
             ,
             his
             Ancestors
             .
             Hee
             resolved
             also
             to
             abrogate
             the
             sale
             ,
             farming
             and
             enhauncement
             of
             all
             Taxes
             and
             Impositions
             ,
             (
             which
             indeed
             were
             very
             great
             )
             :
             and
             besides
             hee
             sent
             to
             offer
             and
             certifie
             ,
             That
             no
             Office
             in
             that
             Kingdom
             should
             bee
             conferred
             upon
             anie
             whomsoëver
             ,
             unless
             hee
             were
             a
             Native
             ;
             which
             if
             hee
             had
             granted
             when
             hee
             was
             desired
             ,
             these
             Commotions
             had
             never
             happened
             .
             Of
             all
             this
             were
             ingrossed
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Patents
             and
             Commissions
             of
             sufficient
             power
             .
             Yet
             notwithstanding
             these
             three
             things
             were
             the
             principal
             grievances
             and
             most
             important
             reasons
             that
             Toledo
             and
             the
             other
             Cities
             alleged
             for
             excuse
             of
             their
             tumultuous
             risings
             :
             The
             granting
             all
             these
             demands
             was
             not
             available
             enough
             to
             quiet
             their
             Commotions
             and
             reduce
             them
             to
             obedience
             ;
             
             for
             the
             Contrivers
             and
             Ring-leaders
             ,
             who
             had
             seduced
             the
             people
             into
             those
             mischievous
             practices
             ,
             finding
             profit
             in
             fishing
             in
             that
             troubled
             water
             ,
             hindered
             all
             they
             could
             that
             these
             graces
             of
             his
             Majestie
             might
             not
             com
             unto
             the
             people's
             knowledg
             ,
             and
             when
             they
             were
             known
             ,
             they
             gave
             out
             that
             they
             were
             vain
             promises
             ,
             and
             onely
             fained
             or
             framed
             by
             the
             Council
             ,
             becaus
             they
             were
             not
             able
             to
             do
             any
             thing
             els
             untill
             they
             had
             divided
             the
             people
             ,
             and
             then
             that
             they
             would
             fall
             upon
             them
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XVIII
             .
          
           
             ABout
             this
             time
             Letters
             were
             brought
             to
             Toledo
             from
             all
             the
             Cities
             ,
             concerning
             their
             Iunta
             or
             Assemblie
             ,
             and
             they
             all
             agreed
             it
             should
             bee
             as
             Toledo
             desired
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             (
             whom
             Toledo
             honored
             so
             much
             ,
             since
             his
             return
             from
             the
             
             Groyn
             ,
             where
             hee
             shewed
             such
             obstinacie
             in
             his
             resolution
             ,
             that
             they
             received
             him
             with
             great
             Solemnitie
             ,
             giving
             him
             the
             stile
             of
             the
             
               Deliverer
               of
               that
               Countrie
            
             )
             .
             Was
             appointed
             for
             the
             chief
             Commissioner
             of
             that
             Citie
             ;
             with
             him
             they
             sent
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Ayala
            
             ,
             and
             two
             Iurates
             ,
             besides
             other
             Deputies
             of
             the
             Common-People
             .
             Who
             resolved
             to
             take
             their
             Iournie
             the
             same
             daie
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             went
             to
             the
             succor
             of
             Segovia
             .
             The
             Citie
             of
             Avila
             was
             pitched
             upon
             for
             this
             Assemblie
             ,
             
             more
             particularly
             becaus
             it
             was
             situate
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             old
             Castilla
             ,
             and
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Toledo
             .
             The
             Cities
             which
             made
             this
             Assemblie
             were
             ,
             
               Toledo
               ,
               Madrid
               ,
               Guadalaxara
               ,
               Soria
               ,
               Murci●
               ,
               Cuenca
               ,
               Segovia
               ,
               Avila
               ,
               Salamanca
               ,
               Toro
               ,
               Zamora
               ,
               Leon
               ,
               Valladolid
               ,
               Burgos
               ,
               Cuidad
               Rodrigo
               .
            
             The
             Commissioners
             of
             all
             these
             Places
             beeing
             assembled
             ,
             they
             chose
             their
             Secretaries
             and
             other
             Officers
             correspondent
             .
             The
             Assemblie
             was
             held
             in
             the
             Chapter
             of
             the
             Cathedral
             Church
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             Commissione●
             from
             Toledo
             ,
             and
             the
             Dean
             of
             Avila
             (
             who
             was
             a
             native
             of
             Segovia
             )
             were
             chosen
             Presidents
             .
             Upon
             a
             table
             in
             the
             Chapter
             laie
             a
             Cross
             and
             the
             Evangelists
             ,
             whereon
             they
             made
             oath
             ,
             everie
             one
             
               to
               live
               and
               die
               in
               the
               King's
               Service
               ,
               and
               in
               favor
               of
               the
               Commonaltie
               .
            
             And
             those
             that
             refused
             to
             do
             this
             in
             Avila
             ,
             were
             not
             onely
             ill
             treated
             in
             words
             ,
             but
             had
             their
             houses
             pulled
             down
             .
             But
             this
             fortune
             onely
             befell
             one
             Gentleman
             ,
             named
             ,
             
               Don
               Antonio
               Ponze
            
             Knight
             of
             the
             order
             of
             
               Sant
               jago
            
             ,
             and
             son
             to
             the
             Prince
             ,
             
               Don
               Iohn
            
             ,
             his
             nurs
             .
             The
             rest
             fearing
             the
             Peoples
             furie
             ,
             condescended
             and
             collogued
             with
             them
             ,
             to
             save
             their
             lives
             ,
             which
             were
             in
             no
             small
             danger
             .
             In
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             this
             Assemblie
             ,
             was
             placed
             a
             little
             form
             ,
             whereon
             did
             sit
             a
             certain
             Cloath-worker
             ,
             named
             Pinilles
             ,
             with
             a
             wand
             in
             his
             hand
             ,
             
             and
             no
             Gentleman
             Commissioner
             or
             Ecclesiastick
             durst
             offer
             to
             speak
             one
             word
             untill
             this
             Cloath-worker
             had
             given
             him
             the
             sign
             ,
             by
             pointing
             to
             him
             with
             his
             wand
             .
             So
             that
             those
             who
             took
             upon
             them
             to
             remedie
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             were
             commanded
             by
             a
             mean
             inferior
             fellow
             ,
             a
             Cloath-worker
             .
             Such
             was
             the
             violence
             and
             blindness
             of
             the
             Common
             People's
             passion
             .
             The
             first
             thing
             they
             Ordered
             ,
             
             was
             ,
             to
             take
             awaie
             the
             staff
             from
             the
             Corregidor
             of
             Avila
             ,
             next
             they
             sent
             Letters
             to
             the
             
               Alcalde
               Ronquillo
            
             charging
             him
             not
             to
             set
             foot
             in
             the
             land
             of
             Segovia
             ,
             and
             condemning
             him
             to
             great
             penalties
             if
             hee
             did
             the
             contrarie
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XIX
             .
          
           
             HAving
             alreadie
             related
             the
             manner
             of
             the
             Commotions
             of
             the
             Cities
             and
             principall
             Towns
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             with
             their
             general
             Assemblie
             at
             Avila
             ,
             
             I
             will
             now
             tell
             you
             the
             successes
             of
             those
             unadvised
             and
             indiscreetly
             raised
             Tumults
             .
             And
             in
             regard
             one
             of
             the
             most
             notorious
             Actors
             in
             these
             tragicall
             disorders
             ,
             was
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Acunna
            
             ,
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             who
             is
             famous
             to
             this
             very
             daie
             ,
             for
             the
             strangeness
             of
             his
             disposition
             ,
             and
             manner
             of
             the
             death
             hee
             suffred
             ,
             which
             was
             not
             suitable
             to
             the
             dignitie
             of
             a
             Prelate
             ,
             (
             but
             very
             answerable
             to
             his
             Actions
             ,
             since
             it
             was
             done
             with
             very
             great
             justification
             of
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             Autoritie
             of
             
               Pope
               Clement
            
             the
             7th
             ,
             as
             appear's
             upon
             Record
             in
             the
             Arches
             of
             Simancas
             ,
             which
             I
             have
             seen
             )
             you
             shall
             briefly
             hear
             who
             this
             Bishop
             was
             ,
             and
             what
             his
             conditions
             .
             During
             the
             time
             of
             
               Don
               Iohn
            
             the
             second
             his
             raign
             in
             Castilla
             ,
             lived
             in
             that
             Kingdom
             
               Don
               Luis
               Osorio
               de
               Acunia
            
             ,
             a
             Gentleman
             of
             eminent
             note
             and
             account
             ,
             father
             to
             
               Don
               Diego
               Osorio
            
             and
             this
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Acunia
            
             ,
             to
             whom
             his
             father
             dying
             left
             the
             Arch-Deakonship
             of
             Valpuesta
             ,
             besides
             other
             meanes
             ,
             In
             these
             times
             hee
             beeing
             in
             service
             to
             their
             Catholick
             Majestie
             's
             was
             sent
             by
             them
             Embassador
             into
             France
             ,
             after
             which
             the
             Bishoprick
             of
             Zamora
             was
             conferred
             upon
             him
             .
             The
             King
             was
             not
             very
             well
             pleased
             with
             him
             ,
             becaus
             hee
             was
             of
             a
             turbulent
             Spirit
             ,
             a
             lover
             of
             broils
             ,
             impatient
             ,
             adventurously
             bold
             ,
             and
             one
             that
             did
             take
             more
             upon
             him
             ,
             then
             his
             profession
             and
             degree
             required
             .
             Hee
             was
             naturally
             inclined
             to
             Arms
             ,
             his
             ambition
             was
             to
             make
             himself
             Lord
             and
             Master
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             where
             the
             Earl
             of
             
               Alva
               de
               Lista
            
             
             then
             lived
             ,
             son
             in
             law
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             Alva
             ,
             a
             stout
             gallant
             Gentleman
             and
             a
             great
             lover
             of
             honor
             .
             The
             Bishop
             and
             the
             Earl
             meeting
             about
             certain
             affairs
             betwixt
             them
             they
             grew
             to
             such
             odds
             ,
             that
             very
             good
             Mediators
             were
             not
             able
             to
             pacifie
             them
             .
             Zamora
             beeing
             in
             Rebellion
             ,
             and
             paying
             no
             obedience
             but
             to
             the
             Junta
             or
             Assemblie
             ,
             the
             Bishop
             on
             one
             side
             and
             the
             Earl
             on
             the
             other
             ,
             used
             all
             means
             possible
             to
             draw
             the
             people
             to
             th●ir
             factions
             .
             The
             Earl
             was
             better
             beloved
             ,
             and
             bore
             the
             greater
             sway
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             so
             that
             the
             Bishop
             was
             forced
             to
             leav
             it
             :
             It
             made
             him
             half
             madd
             to
             lose
             his
             hous
             ,
             and
             so
             desperate
             seeing
             his
             Enemie
             prevail
             so
             far
             against
             him
             ,
             That
             hee
             presently
             went
             to
             Tordesillas
             (
             where
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Iunta
             were
             then
             assembled
             )
             with
             whom
             hee
             joyned
             in
             confederacie
             ,
             desiring
             them
             to
             assist
             him
             and
             furnish
             him
             with
             forces
             to
             beat
             the
             Earl
             of
             Alva
             out
             of
             Zamora
             .
             They
             all
             received
             him
             with
             great
             respect
             and
             contentment
             ,
             thinking
             it
             an
             honor
             to
             their
             caus
             ,
             to
             have
             so
             eminent
             a
             Prelate
             amongst
             them
             ,
             they
             gave
             him
             men
             and
             Artillerie
             ,
             wherewith
             hee
             marched
             back
             towards
             Zamora
             .
             The
             ●arl
             beeing
             informed
             of
             the
             manner
             of
             his
             enemie's
             advance
             ,
             thought
             not
             fit
             to
             stay
             for
             him
             ,
             but
             quitting
             the
             Fort
             ,
             went
             and
             associated
             himself
             with
             the
             Cavaliers
             of
             the
             Loyal
             Partie
             ,
             as
             you
             shall
             hear
             .
             Thence
             forwards
             the
             Bishop
             stuck
             close
             to
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             and
             the
             Farl
             as
             eagerly
             followed
             the
             King's
             counsel
             ,
             each
             of
             them
             so
             much
             favoring
             their
             Partie
             ,
             that
             there
             were
             not
             anie
             two
             more
             remarkable
             then
             they
             .
             The
             Bishop
             was
             threescore
             years
             of
             age
             ,
             but
             as
             vigorous
             and
             lively
             as
             if
             hee
             had
             been
             but
             five
             and
             and
             twentie
             .
             I
             was
             acquainted
             with
             one
             that
             knew
             him
             and
             received
             orders
             from
             him
             ,
             who
             told
             me
             that
             hee
             was
             excellent
             at
             handling
             his
             arms
             .
             That
             hee
             had
             more
             then
             foure
             hundred
             Priests
             under
             his
             command
             all
             well
             armed
             and
             valiant
             men
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             still
             charged
             at
             the
             head
             of
             them
             himself
             ,
             Saying
             ,
             
               Here
               my
               Priests
            
             .
             The
             rest
             hereafter
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XX.
             
          
           
             I
             Have
             told
             you
             in
             what
             manner
             Segovia
             was
             fortified
             ,
             the
             resolution
             of
             the
             Inhabitants
             ,
             the
             relief
             which
             they
             received
             from
             manie
             places
             ,
             notwithstanding
             Ronquillo's
             endeavors
             to
             hinder
             it
             ;
             how
             Toledo
             incouraged
             them
             with
             promises
             both
             of
             men
             and
             monie
             ,
             
               Madrid
               ,
               Guadalaxara
            
             ,
             and
             Salamanca
             did
             the
             like
             ,
             making
             their
             case
             their
             own
             .
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             secured
             them
             their
             trading
             ,
             offering
             to
             bear
             what
             loss
             soëver
             they
             should
             sustein
             either
             of
             persons
             or
             goods
             .
             At
             last
             the
             Citie
             of
             Avila
             seeing
             what
             Ronquillo
             did
             against
             Segovia
             ;
             and
             the
             adjacent
             Towns
             ,
             that
             hee
             entred
             into
             the
             Villages
             belonging
             to
             Avila
             ,
             taking
             ,
             killing
             and
             executing
             Justice
             in
             a
             severe
             manner
             ,
             and
             that
             by
             order
             of
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             the
             Council
             ,
             hee
             had
             taken
             from
             Segovia
             all
             the
             Places
             and
             Towns
             under
             its
             jurisdiction
             ,
             commanding
             them
             not
             to
             obey
             or
             bee
             anie
             waie
             subject
             to
             that
             Citie
             ,
             neither
             to
             furnish
             them
             with
             provisions
             anie
             more
             then
             if
             they
             were
             their
             enemies
             ,
             under
             pain
             of
             death
             and
             confiscation
             of
             goods
             ,
             giving
             them
             power
             and
             Autoritie
             to
             keep
             Justice
             amongst
             themselvs
             ,
             as
             beeing
             a
             distinct
             jurisdiction
             ,
             and
             other
             priviledges
             to
             the
             distruction
             of
             that
             Citie
             :
             They
             assembled
             in
             Council
             ,
             and
             agreed
             to
             send
             a
             Petition
             in
             the
             name
             and
             with
             the
             subscriptions
             of
             the
             Officers
             of
             Justice
             ,
             the
             Regidores
             ,
             Gentrie
             ,
             Religious
             Persons
             ,
             and
             of
             all
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             humbly
             beseeching
             the
             Cardinal
             that
             hee
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             set
             a
             remedie
             to
             those
             disorders
             ,
             and
             not
             proceed
             with
             so
             much
             rigor
             against
             Segovia
             ,
             for
             that
             Citie
             would
             bee
             reduced
             sooner
             by
             fair
             means
             then
             by
             such
             severitie
             .
             That
             hee
             would
             command
             Ronquillo
             to
             rais
             his
             Siege
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             should
             not
             molest
             ,
             nor
             use
             such
             crueltie
             against
             Segovia
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             did
             not
             weigh
             much
             this
             Petition
             of
             Avila
             ,
             which
             so
             incensed
             that
             Citie
             ,
             that
             thereupon
             they
             sent
             them
             word
             
             peremptorily
             ,
             that
             since
             they
             would
             not
             rectifie
             those
             disorders
             ,
             they
             were
             resolved
             to
             seek
             their
             own
             remedie
             .
             Mean
             time
             Ronquillo
             was
             at
             
               Santa
               Maria
               de
               Nieva
            
             making
             what
             preparations
             hee
             could
             against
             Segovia
             ,
             making
             incursions
             into
             their
             territories
             ,
             and
             laying
             Ambuscado's
             for
             those
             that
             came
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             .
             It
             happened
             that
             two
             young
             men
             coming
             out
             of
             Segovia
             ,
             fell
             into
             the
             hands
             of
             Ronquillo's
             Guards
             ,
             who
             asking
             them
             whence
             they
             were
             ,
             and
             whither
             they
             went
             ?
             They
             answered
             ,
             That
             they
             were
             of
             Salamanca
             ,
             that
             they
             came
             from
             Segovia
             ,
             and
             were
             returning
             to
             their
             own
             homes
             .
             At
             first
             the
             Guards
             were
             in
             the
             minde
             to
             let
             them
             go
             ,
             becaus
             they
             seemed
             to
             bee
             but
             poor
             fellows
             ,
             yet
             afterwards
             they
             laid
             hands
             on
             them
             and
             brought
             them
             before
             Ronquillo
             ;
             who
             asking
             them
             who
             they
             were
             ,
             whither
             they
             went
             ,
             and
             whence
             they
             came
             ?
             They
             said
             ,
             they
             were
             Carders
             ,
             who
             seeing
             Segovia
             streightned
             ,
             and
             trading
             dead
             ,
             they
             were
             upon
             their
             return
             to
             their
             ovvn
             houses
             .
             Hee
             examined
             them
             severally
             concerning
             the
             manner
             of
             Tordesillas
             his
             death
             ,
             and
             they
             agreed
             not
             in
             their
             relation
             .
             Ronquillo
             thereupon
             began
             to
             press
             them
             further
             ,
             demanding
             more
             and
             more
             &
             more
             questions
             ,
             till
             at
             last
             one
             of
             them
             confessed
             he
             fetched
             the
             rope
             vvherevvith
             they
             dragged
             Tordesillas
             along
             the
             streets
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             that
             hee
             plucked
             him
             by
             the
             hair
             .
             Upon
             this
             confession
             hee
             condemned
             them
             both
             to
             death
             ,
             one
             to
             bee
             dravvn
             and
             quartered
             ,
             the
             other
             ,
             vvho
             said
             ,
             hee
             pluck't
             him
             by
             the
             hair
             ,
             had
             first
             his
             hand
             cut
             off
             ,
             and
             then
             vvas
             hanged
             .
             It
             seemed
             a
             dir●ct
             Judgment
             of
             heaven
             to
             put
             those
             men
             into
             the
             hands
             of
             the
             Justice
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             should
             confess
             vvithout
             torture
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXI
             .
          
           
             AFter
             this
             Ronquillo
             met
             vvith
             one
             
               Francisco
               Peralta
            
             ,
             a
             sufficient
             man
             ,
             and
             vvell
             beloved
             in
             Segovia
             ,
             but
             not
             thinking
             fit
             to
             execute
             Justice
             upon
             him
             presently
             ,
             sent
             him
             prisoner
             upon
             
             on
             an
             Ass
             ,
             to
             a
             Castle
             belonging
             to
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Palencia
             .
             But
             meeting
             by
             the
             waie
             a
             man
             ,
             that
             was
             very
             z●alous
             for
             the
             caus
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             and
             satisfying
             his
             curiositie
             by
             telling
             him
             the
             occasion
             of
             his
             imprisonment
             ,
             through
             his
             means
             hee
             was
             rescued
             by
             the
             Common
             People
             of
             Duenias
             ,
             
             and
             taken
             away
             from
             the
             Alguazil
             ,
             that
             had
             charge
             of
             him
             ,
             (
             who
             had
             so
             much
             a
             doe
             to
             escape
             with
             his
             life
             )
             and
             Peralta
             after
             courteous
             entertainment
             in
             the
             Town
             ,
             had
             a
             hors
             given
             him
             ,
             vvhe●evvith
             hee
             went
             to
             Burgos
             ,
             which
             then
             was
             declared
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             .
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             you
             have
             heard
             ,
             marched
             out
             of
             Toledo
             at
             the
             head
             of
             two
             thousand
             men
             well
             armed
             ,
             and
             having
             passed
             the
             Port
             de
             la
             Tablada
             ,
             hee
             came
             within
             sight
             of
             Segovia
             ,
             where
             in
             a
             Plain
             ,
             not
             far
             distant
             ,
             hee
             pitch't
             his
             camp
             :
             the
             next
             daie
             hee
             sent
             a
             Trumpetter
             to
             Ronquillo
             with
             a
             peremptorie
             message
             to
             bid
             him
             get
             him
             gon
             ,
             if
             not
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             forth
             with
             put
             in
             execution
             what
             the
             Citie
             of
             Toledo
             had
             Commanded
             him
             .
             Hereupon
             Ronquillo
             retreated
             to
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             at
             Arevalo
             ,
             and
             so
             they
             fled
             both
             together
             ▪
             not
             beeing
             able
             to
             withstand
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             Forces
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Cardinal
             ,
             President
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             labored
             ,
             all
             they
             could
             ,
             to
             persuade
             the
             Queen
             Mother
             to
             signe
             certain
             orders
             (
             which
             they
             would
             send
             throughout
             the
             Kingdom
             )
             against
             the
             disturbers
             of
             it
             ;
             becaus
             the
             greatest
             Autoritie
             ,
             which
             those
             of
             the
             Junta
             pretended
             to
             have
             ,
             was
             to
             saie
             ,
             that
             whatsoever
             they
             did
             ,
             was
             for
             the
             Queen's
             service
             (
             whose
             that
             Kingdom
             was
             )
             and
             other
             things
             to
             that
             purpose
             .
             The
             President
             therefore
             and
             some
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             went
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             and
             spake
             publickly
             with
             the
             Queen
             ,
             who
             was
             very
             merrie
             with
             them
             ,
             but
             complained
             ,
             saying
             ,
             that
             for
             fifteen
             years
             past
             shee
             could
             never
             know
             the
             truth
             of
             anie
             thing
             ,
             then
             turning
             towards
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Denia
             ,
             shee
             said
             ,
             this
             
             Marquis
             told
             mee
             the
             first
             lye
             .
             At
             which
             words
             hee
             fell
             upon
             his
             knees
             ,
             and
             with
             tears
             in
             his
             eyes
             ,
             hee
             said
             ,
             it
             is
             true
             Madam
             ,
             I
             did
             tell
             you
             a
             lye
             ,
             but
             it
             was
             to
             moderate
             the
             violence
             of
             your
             passions
             ,
             and
             now
             I
             give
             you
             to
             understand
             that
             the
             King
             ,
             your
             father
             ,
             is
             dead
             ,
             and
             I
             did
             bury
             him
             .
             Shee
             answered
             ,
             Bishop
             ,
             believ
             mee
             ,
             All
             that
             I
             see
             or
             hear
             ,
             mee
             thinks
             is
             but
             a
             dreame
             .
             The
             President
             answered
             ,
             Madam
             !
             in
             your
             hands
             ,
             under
             God
             ,
             lyeth
             the
             remedie
             of
             this
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             your
             Highness
             will
             do
             a
             greater
             miracle
             in
             Signing
             what
             wee
             demand
             ,
             then
             ever
             did
             
               San
               Francisco
            
             .
             Shee
             bid
             them
             go
             to
             bed
             ,
             and
             come
             againe
             next
             daie
             .
             The
             daie
             following
             ,
             beeing
             Sunday
             ,
             they
             returned
             in
             the
             morning
             ,
             much
             time
             was
             spent
             in
             controversie
             ,
             whether
             they
             should
             kneel
             or
             sit
             before
             her
             ,
             but
             the
             President
             telling
             her
             ,
             that
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             ought
             not
             to
             bee
             treated
             in
             that
             manner
             ,
             shee
             commanded
             they
             should
             sit
             ,
             but
             chairs
             beeing
             brought
             in
             ,
             shee
             cryed
             out
             ,
             no
             chaires
             ,
             but
             bring
             a
             form
             ,
             that
             was
             the
             custom
             in
             my
             mother's
             daies
             ,
             onely
             give
             the
             Bishop
             a
             chair
             .
             Six
             hours
             they
             were
             with
             her
             in
             private
             ,
             and
             the
             result
             of
             all
             was
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             return
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             consult
             with
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             what
             orders
             they
             should
             issue
             out
             ,
             which
             done
             ,
             shee
             would
             sign
             them
             .
             They
             came
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             interim
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             arrived
             at
             Tordesillas
             (
             as
             you
             shall
             finde
             hereafter
             )
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             were
             presently
             afraid
             to
             bee
             taken
             ,
             and
             some
             report
             ,
             that
             hee
             sent
             a
             Captain
             in
             persuite
             of
             those
             that
             came
             from
             Tordesillas
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             ▪
             XXIII
             .
          
           
             THe
             same
             daie
             that
             Valladolid
             rose
             up
             publickly
             in
             Arms
             (
             which
             was
             Wednesday
             the
             29th
             of
             
               August
               )
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             having
             beaten
             Ronquillo
             from
             
               Segovia
               ,
               Iohn
               Bravo
            
             ,
             and
             
               Iohn
               Zapata
            
             ,
             with
             the
             men
             which
             they
             brought
             from
             
               Toledo
               ,
               Segovia
            
             ,
             and
             Madrid
             ,
             arrived
             at
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             .
             Which
             the
             
             Towns-men
             taking
             as
             a
             great
             favour
             ,
             went
             out
             to
             receiv
             them
             with
             their
             flags
             and
             mourning
             colours
             ,
             besides
             manie
             teares
             ,
             which
             moved
             these
             Captains
             to
             great
             compassion
             ,
             especially
             when
             they
             saw
             the
             Town
             reduced
             to
             ashes
             ;
             they
             comforted
             the
             People
             the
             best
             they
             could
             ,
             and
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             took
             thereupon
             occasion
             to
             tell
             them
             ,
             Gentlemen
             ,
             If
             you
             had
             reflected
             well
             upon
             the
             Letter
             ,
             which
             I
             sent
             you
             giving
             you
             notice
             that
             Fo●seca
             was
             raising
             forces
             ,
             with
             intent
             to
             fetch
             the
             Artillerie
             thence
             ,
             peradventure
             you
             had
             not
             been
             suff●rers
             in
             so
             high
             a
             nature
             .
             Those
             of
             Medina
             wondred
             that
             they
             never
             had
             heard
             of
             anie
             such
             Letter
             ,
             and
             after
             divers
             circumstances
             ,
             it
             was
             found
             out
             that
             the
             
               Regidor
               Gil
               Nieto
            
             had
             received
             and
             concealed
             it
             from
             the
             people
             :
             whereupon
             they
             grew
             to
             an
             excessive
             passion
             ,
             and
             whilest
             this
             was
             yet
             in
             agitation
             ,
             
               Gil
               Nieto
            
             unfortunatly
             came
             amongst
             them
             .
             Some
             of
             whom
             discoursing
             of
             the
             Town-affairs
             ,
             said
             to
             him
             .
             If
             there
             were
             no
             Traytors
             in
             Medina
             ,
             the
             miseries
             wee
             suffer
             never
             had
             befallen
             us
             .
             Who
             are
             those
             Traytors
             ?
             replyed
             
               Gil
               Nieto
            
             .
             At
             which
             words
             started
             up
             Bobadilla
             ,
             the
             Cloth
             worker
             ,
             and
             with
             a
             great
             Oath
             answered
             ,
             you
             are
             one
             of
             the
             Traytors
             ,
             then
             drawing
             his
             sword
             hee
             violently
             flew
             upon
             him
             ,
             and
             with
             one
             blow
             separated
             his
             head
             from
             his
             shoulders
             ,
             which
             done
             ,
             and
             having
             found
             in
             his
             bosome
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             Letter
             ,
             they
             flung
             him
             out
             at
             the
             windows
             of
             the
             Regimiento
             ,
             
             upon
             the
             Souldiers
             pikes
             which
             stood
             below
             .
             Hee
             was
             afterwards
             taken
             up
             and
             interred
             by
             his
             friends
             and
             kindrid
             .
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             remained
             five
             daies
             in
             Medina
             ,
             and
             the
             Tovvn
             having
             given
             him
             tvvo
             great
             peeces
             of
             Ordnance
             ,
             hee
             departed
             thence
             vvith
             his
             men
             for
             Tordesillas
             .
             Hee
             pretended
             that
             hee
             went
             thither
             to
             kiss
             the
             Queen's
             hands
             ,
             and
             give
             her
             an
             account
             of
             what
             passed
             in
             Castilla
             .
             Others
             said
             ,
             that
             hee
             went
             audaciously
             to
             seiz
             on
             her
             ,
             and
             take
             her
             into
             his
             power
             .
             Beeing
             arrived
             ,
             hee
             drew
             up
             his
             Armie
             in
             Batalia
             ,
             charged
             his
             Ordnance
             ,
             and
             remained
             in
             that
             Order
             ,
             until
             hee
             had
             given
             notice
             of
             his
             coming
             to
             her
             Highness
             and
             the
             Town
             .
             The
             Queen
             presently
             gave
             order
             they
             should
             go
             forth
             to
             receiv
             him
             ,
             which
             the
             Town
             did
             in
             the
             best
             manner
             
             and
             with
             the
             greatest
             companie
             they
             could
             ,
             and
             as
             they
             were
             even
             ready
             to
             meet
             ,
             hee
             commanded
             his
             two
             Guns
             to
             bee
             shot
             off
             with
             great
             showting
             and
             nois
             of
             Trumpets
             .
             The
             Salve
             being
             past
             ,
             they
             took
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             in
             the
             midst
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             so
             entred
             the
             Town
             with
             the
             greatest
             applaus
             that
             might
             bee
             imagined
             ,
             after
             hee
             had
             rested
             himself
             a
             while
             ,
             hee
             went
             to
             the
             Pallace
             ,
             where
             the
             Queen
             received
             him
             very
             graciously
             ,
             gave
             him
             Audience
             ,
             and
             asked
             him
             who
             hee
             was
             .
             To
             which
             hee
             answered
             ,
             
             That
             his
             name
             vvas
             
               Iuan
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             son
             to
             
               Pedro
               Lopez
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             vvho
             had
             been
             Captain
             General
             in
             Castilla
             ,
             and
             served
             the
             renovvned
             Queen
             
               Donia
               Isabella
            
             her
             mother
             ,
             and
             that
             also
             hee
             came
             to
             tender
             his
             service
             to
             her
             Majestie
             ,
             with
             the
             people
             of
             
               Toledo
               ;
               That
            
             hee
             did
             give
             her
             to
             understand
             ,
             that
             since
             the
             deceas
             of
             the
             Catholick
             King
             ,
             her
             father
             ,
             there
             had
             been
             ,
             and
             were
             in
             that
             Kingdom
             great
             disorders
             ,
             mischiefs
             and
             dissentions
             for
             want
             of
             a
             Governor
             .
             Although
             the
             Mightie
             and
             Illustrious
             
               Don
               Carlos
            
             ,
             her
             son
             ,
             had
             governed
             Spain
             ,
             yet
             by
             reason
             of
             his
             sudden
             departure
             ,
             the
             Kingdom
             was
             risen
             in
             such
             Commotions
             and
             Disordrous
             manner
             ,
             that
             all
             Spain
             was
             ready
             to
             bee
             destroied
             ,
             and
             that
             now
             hee
             was
             com
             with
             a
             certain
             Armie
             of
             Toledians
             to
             serv
             her
             Highness
             ,
             whom
             hee
             desired
             to
             see
             ,
             and
             know
             what
             Commands
             shee
             had
             to
             laie
             upon
             him
             ,
             for
             hee
             was
             ready
             to
             spend
             his
             life
             in
             her
             service
             .
             The
             Queen
             was
             much
             astonished
             to
             hear
             such
             things
             ,
             and
             said
             ,
             shee
             never
             knew
             any
             thing
             of
             it
             before
             :
             For
             shee
             had
             been
             sixteen
             years
             shut
             up
             within
             a
             chamber
             ,
             under
             the
             Guard
             of
             the
             Marquess
             of
             Denia
             ,
             and
             wondred
             to
             hear
             anie
             such
             stories
             ,
             but
             if
             shee
             had
             known
             of
             her
             Father's
             death
             ,
             shee
             would
             have
             gon
             abroad
             and
             set
             som
             remedie
             to
             those
             mischiefs
             .
             So
             forgetful
             and
             void
             of
             Judgment
             was
             the
             Queen
             .
             Then
             shee
             said
             to
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             Go
             you
             now
             ,
             I
             command
             you
             ,
             take
             the
             charge
             ,
             and
             execute
             the
             office
             of
             Captain
             General
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             give
             you
             order
             for
             all
             things
             as
             need
             shall
             require
             ,
             until
             I
             provide
             otherwise
             .
             This
             said
             ,
             shee
             retired
             into
             her
             chamber
             ;
             and
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             returned
             to
             his
             Quarters
             ,
             well
             attended
             and
             very
             jocund
             for
             the
             favour
             
             the
             Queen
             had
             done
             him
             ,
             in
             giving
             him
             that
             Commission
             .
             Manie
             times
             after
             this
             ,
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             had
             conference
             with
             the
             Queen
             ,
             and
             she
             seemed
             to
             give
             Audience
             to
             him
             and
             others
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             very
             willingly
             .
             They
             told
             her
             once
             ,
             that
             the
             King
             her
             son
             ,
             had
             done
             great
             damage
             to
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             whereunto
             shee
             answered
             ,
             That
             her
             son
             was
             not
             greatly
             in
             fault
             ,
             for
             hee
             was
             but
             a
             youth
             ,
             but
             the
             Kingdom
             rather
             ought
             to
             bee
             condemned
             for
             suffering
             it
             .
             Then
             shee
             commanded
             ,
             that
             the
             Assemblie
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             should
             bee
             kept
             there
             ,
             that
             shee
             would
             autorize
             it
             .
             Hereupon
             an
             Order
             was
             forthwith
             issued
             out
             ,
             That
             Proclamation
             should
             bee
             made
             in
             Medina
             and
             other
             places
             ,
             for
             all
             the
             Commissioners
             that
             had
             assisted
             in
             Parlament
             at
             the
             Groyn
             to
             make
             their
             appearance
             and
             render
             an
             account
             at
             Tor●esillas
             under
             pain
             of
             death
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXIV
             .
          
           
             THe
             Iunta
             was
             yet
             held
             at
             Avila
             ,
             whither
             was
             sent
             an
             Order
             from
             the
             Queen
             ,
             commanding
             them
             to
             remove
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             which
             they
             presently
             obeied
             ,
             for
             it
             was
             their
             only
             waie
             so
             to
             do
             ;
             The
             Queen
             understanding
             nothing
             what
             belonged
             to
             businesses
             .
             The
             Antagonists
             of
             the
             Junta
             gave
             out
             ,
             That
             those
             Dispatches
             which
             were
             produced
             and
             publshed
             in
             the
             Queen's
             name
             were
             fals
             ,
             and
             the
             testimonies
             likewise
             made
             by
             counterfeiting
             hands
             .
             The
             Junta
             took
             a
             resolution
             to
             turn
             the
             Marquess
             of
             Denia
             out
             of
             the
             Queen's
             service
             ,
             for
             the
             ill
             opinion
             hee
             (
             beeing
             a
             loial
             subject
             )
             conceived
             of
             the
             Commoners
             ,
             alleging
             ,
             that
             shee
             was
             not
             well
             pleased
             with
             him
             .
             And
             becaus
             they
             would
             bee
             informed
             how
             the
             Marquess
             did
             serv
             the
             Queen
             ,
             they
             sent
             to
             
               Maestro
               Fray
               Pablo
            
             a
             Dominican
             Frier
             ,
             a
             grand
             Commoner
             ,
             Commissioner
             of
             Leon
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             
               Commendador
               Almaraz
            
             ,
             Commissioner
             of
             Salamanca
             ,
             and
             
               El
               Bachiller
               de
               Guadalaxara
            
             :
             
             And
             from
             these
             men's
             relation
             (
             which
             was
             never
             the
             holier
             for
             the
             Frier
             's
             having
             any
             part
             in
             it
             )
             resulted
             
             a
             determination
             to
             turn
             the
             Marquess
             and
             his
             Ladie
             from
             the
             Queen
             .
             Whereupon
             they
             were
             not
             onely
             cast
             out
             of
             their
             hous
             ,
             but
             driven
             out
             of
             Tordesillas
             ,
             with
             such
             strictness
             and
             precipitation
             ,
             that
             they
             had
             not
             one
             hour's
             time
             to
             take
             away
             their
             goods
             and
             housholdstuff
             ,
             and
             although
             they
             made
             their
             Requests
             to
             the
             contrarie
             ,
             they
             were
             no
             whit
             the
             more
             regarded
             .
             In
             their
             places
             were
             presently
             put
             
               Donia
               Catalina
               de
               Figueroa
            
             ,
             wife
             to
             Quintanilla
             ,
             and
             som
             other
             women
             of
             the
             Town
             .
             And
             the
             Marquess
             ,
             with
             his
             Ladie
             ,
             was
             enforced
             to
             repair
             to
             a
             small
             Village
             ,
             and
             suffer
             with
             patience
             this
             tribulation
             for
             their
             Prince's
             service
             .
             
             The
             Iunta
             beeing
             set
             at
             Tordesillas
             ,
             they
             began
             to
             treat
             of
             the
             peaceable
             government
             and
             quiet
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             Soon
             after
             ,
             
               Salamanca
               ,
               Avila
               ,
               Madrid
            
             ,
             besides
             other
             places
             ,
             sent
             manie
             Companies
             of
             Foot
             and
             Hors
             ,
             paid
             at
             the
             charge
             of
             the
             said
             Cities
             ,
             with
             their
             respective
             Captains
             ,
             who
             had
             Orders
             to
             bee
             at
             the
             King
             and
             Queen
             ,
             his
             Mother's
             service
             ,
             and
             in
             favor
             of
             the
             Junta
             .
             There
             was
             already
             so
             great
             a
             confluence
             of
             Gentlemen
             and
             Captai●s
             ,
             that
             Tordesillas
             was
             not
             able
             to
             contein
             them
             ,
             although
             the
             Common
             Souldiers
             were
             quartered
             in
             the
             adjacent
             Villages
             .
             The
             Citie
             of
             Vallad●lid
             sent
             a
             thousand
             chois
             men
             well
             Armed
             ,
             under
             the
             Command
             of
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Quiniones
            
             ,
             a
             valiant
             and
             well-born
             Gentleman
             .
             The
             Commissioners
             ,
             Gentlemen
             ,
             Captains
             with
             many
             grave
             and
             learned
             Friers
             ,
             beeing
             assembled
             in
             the
             Junta
             ,
             there
             was
             a
             motion
             made
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             send
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             to
             seiz
             upon
             the
             President
             and
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             King's
             Council
             ,
             and
             to
             have
             them
             brought
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             ,
             to
             take
             such
             order
             ,
             that
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             should
             not
             back
             them
             or
             conceal
             them
             ,
             but
             should
             give
             waie
             that
             the
             Junta
             might
             apprehend
             and
             bring
             them
             away
             .
             To
             this
             (
             the
             report
             is
             )
             there
             wanted
             no
             Votes
             ,
             neither
             were
             the
             Friers
             backwards
             in
             giving
             theirs
             ,
             alleging
             ,
             that
             the
             securing
             of
             those
             men
             was
             very
             necessary
             for
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             To
             this
             effect
             was
             dispatched
             a
             Dominican
             Frier
             (
             who
             was
             a
             man
             of
             honor
             and
             great
             leaning
             )
             with
             Letters
             of
             Credence
             to
             the
             Commonaltie
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             Infante
             of
             Granada
             ,
             their
             chief
             Captain
             
             The
             Frier
             having
             delived
             his
             Letter
             and
             Message
             to
             the
             Infant●
             ,
             hee
             thus
             answered
             ,
             Father
             ,
             as
             far
             as
             it
             concern's
             mee
             (
             as
             beeing
             Captain
             of
             Valladolid
             )
             I
             do
             obeie
             the
             Orders
             here
             sent
             from
             the
             Junta
             ,
             but
             it
             is
             convenient
             the
             whole
             Commonaltie
             should
             bee
             assembled
             ,
             that
             you
             may
             deliver
             your
             Message
             to
             them
             all
             together
             ,
             and
             receiv
             their
             answer
             .
             Hereupon
             the
             Deputies
             of
             the
             Wards
             ,
             Jurates
             ,
             Common
             Council-men
             and
             other
             Officers
             ,
             were
             all
             ordered
             to
             warn
             the
             Inhabitants
             of
             their
             respe●tive
             quarters
             and
             parishes
             ,
             to
             make
             their
             appearance
             the
             next
             morning
             by
             nine
             of
             the
             clock
             at
             the
             Church
             of
             
               Santa
               Maria
               la
               Mayor
            
             ,
             which
             was
             done
             accordingly
             .
             The
             Infante
             of
             
               Granada
               ,
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             and
             other
             Gentlemen
             ,
             beeing
             there
             assembled
             ,
             with
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             at
             the
             hour
             and
             place
             appointed
             ,
             the
             Frier
             went
             up
             into
             the
             Pulpit
             ,
             and
             with
             smooth
             fair
             language
             ,
             hee
             told
             them
             the
             substance
             of
             his
             Message
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             he
             came
             thither
             from
             the
             Lords
             of
             the
             Junta
             at
             Tordesillas
             (
             who
             were
             the
             greater
             part
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             were
             there
             assembled
             for
             the
             remedying
             of
             the
             distractions
             and
             mischiefs
             which
             abounded
             in
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             as
             appeared
             by
             the
             Power
             &
             Letters
             of
             Credence
             )
             which
             hee
             had
             already
             shewed
             to
             that
             very
             noble
             Commonaltie
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             the
             Infante
             their
             Captain
             .
             Yet
             becaus
             it
             was
             thought
             fit
             that
             a
             business
             of
             such
             weight
             (
             as
             that
             wherewith
             hee
             was
             intrusted
             to
             impart
             to
             them
             )
             should
             rather
             bee
             manifested
             to
             them
             all
             in
             that
             place
             ,
             then
             communicated
             to
             any
             members
             in
             particular
             ,
             and
             in
             regard
             they
             were
             then
             all
             assembled
             ,
             hee
             again
             notified
             those
             Letters
             unto
             them
             ,
             giving
             them
             to
             understand
             that
             the
             Lords
             of
             the
             Junta
             ,
             moved
             with
             a
             very
             holie
             zeal
             ,
             and
             desire
             of
             procuring
             the
             Kindom's
             good
             and
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ,
             had
             found
             it
             convenient
             (
             to
             the
             end
             the
             Intent
             of
             the
             Junta
             might
             the
             better
             take
             effect
             )
             that
             there
             should
             bee
             no
             Council
             Roial
             at
             all
             ,
             but
             that
             the
             President
             and
             the
             rest
             should
             bee
             sent
             prisoners
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             and
             to
             shew
             that
             their
             Intentions
             were
             holie
             ,
             and
             tending
             onely
             to
             the
             service
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             the
             King
             ,
             in
             the
             name
             of
             the
             Lords
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Junta
             ,
             hee
             did
             assure
             the
             lives
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             
             but
             not
             their
             goods
             and
             estates
             .
             For
             they
             must
             know
             ,
             that
             whosoëver
             of
             that
             Council
             had
             offended
             ,
             his
             estate
             was
             liable
             to
             confiscation
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             qualitie
             of
             his
             delict
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             monie
             which
             should
             accrue
             ,
             should
             repair
             in
             part
             the
             dammages
             which
             they
             had
             occasioned
             .
             Hereupon
             the
             Frier
             extended
             himself
             into
             manie
             Rhetorical
             expressions
             ,
             to
             cog
             the
             peopl●
             into
             a
             Consent
             ,
             urging
             ,
             that
             if
             they
             did
             otherwise
             ,
             it
             might
             bee
             the
             occasion
             of
             bringing
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             to
             destruction
             :
             for
             if
             there
             was
             both
             a
             Junta
             and
             Council
             ,
             the
             Junta
             governing
             contrarie
             to
             the
             sens
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             
             and
             the
             Council
             abrogating
             what
             should
             bee
             enacted
             by
             the
             Junta
             ,
             what
             could
             bee
             exspected
             but
             confusion
             and
             utter
             ruine
             ?
             Hereunto
             hee
             desired
             their
             speedie
             answer
             ,
             becaus
             hee
             was
             to
             return
             to
             Tordesillas
             .
             They
             forthwith
             replied
             ,
             That
             it
             was
             a
             business
             of
             no
             small
             moment
             ,
             and
             required
             great
             consultation
             ,
             yet
             if
             hee
             would
             stay
             till
             night
             ,
             hee
             should
             have
             their
             answer
             .
             They
             divided
             themselvs
             into
             several
             Assemblies
             to
             consult
             hereupon
             ,
             and
             they
             were
             generally
             of
             opinion
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             a
             difficult
             and
             strange
             attempt
             for
             them
             to
             dissolv
             a
             Council
             of
             so
             great
             Autoritie
             ,
             beeing
             constituted
             by
             their
             King
             ,
             especially
             that
             Citie
             having
             received
             ,
             in
             particular
             ,
             so
             manie
             Immunities
             and
             other
             favors
             from
             them
             ,
             and
             they
             ●eeing
             so
             good
             friends
             ,
             that
             the
             Council
             had
             ,
             
             in
             a
             manner
             ,
             entrusted
             them
             with
             their
             persons
             ,
             it
             were
             an
             act
             of
             high
             inhumanitie
             and
             baseness
             to
             laie
             violent
             hands
             upon
             them
             .
             On
             the
             other
             side
             they
             thought
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             bound
             in
             conscience
             not
             to
             leav
             undone
             the
             Commands
             of
             the
             Junta
             ,
             in
             regard
             their
             Commissioners
             were
             there
             ,
             they
             had
             acknowledged
             their
             power
             ,
             and
             had
             sworn
             to
             obey
             whatsoëver
             should
             there
             bee
             ordered
             or
             enacted
             .
             In
             the
             end
             ,
             they
             agreed
             to
             give
             the
             Frier
             this
             answer
             ,
             That
             if
             the
             Junta
             did
             desire
             to
             apprehend
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             they
             should
             send
             their
             own
             Captains
             and
             souldiers
             to
             do
             it
             ,
             for
             Valladolid
             would
             have
             no
             hand
             in
             either
             helping
             or
             hindering
             them
             in
             that
             design
             ,
             neither
             would
             they
             favor
             the
             one
             side
             ,
             or
             oppose
             the
             other
             .
             The
             Frier
             ,
             and
             those
             Captains
             ,
             and
             other
             Officers
             which
             came
             with
             him
             from
             Tordesillas
             ,
             beeing
             satisfied
             
             with
             this
             Answer
             ,
             The
             Frier
             reckoned
             up
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             whom
             the
             Iunta
             demanded
             ,
             which
             done
             ,
             it
             was
             agreed
             ,
             that
             everie
             Deputie
             of
             a
             Ward
             should
             take
             four
             or
             five
             of
             the
             said
             names
             in
             writing
             ,
             and
             go
             with
             a
             Notarie
             publick
             to
             their
             respectiv●
             houses
             ,
             or
             lodgings
             ,
             requiring
             them
             to
             meet
             the
             next
             daie
             in
             the
             cardinal●s
             hous
             ,
             where
             hee
             should
             tell
             them
             what
             further
             they
             were
             to
             do
             .
             Which
             beeing
             done
             accordingly
             ,
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             that
             could
             not
             escape
             ●as
             divers
             did
             )
             failed
             not
             to
             com
             to
             the
             Cardinal's
             Pallace
             ,
             where
             the
             F●ier
             ,
             with
             his
             Captains
             about
             him
             ,
             
             notified
             and
             commanded
             them
             in
             the
             name
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             to
             go
             with
             them
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             and
             to
             execute
             no
             more
             the
             offi●e
             of
             Counsellors
             ,
             that
             beeing
             there
             they
             should
             know
             further
             what
             they
             were
             to
             do
             ,
             and
             that
             there
             was
             no
             fear
             of
             their
             lives
             ,
             but
             their
             goods
             and
             estates
             he
             could
             not
             promise
             to
             secure
             .
             Whereunto
             they
             made
             answer
             ,
             
             That
             they
             held
             their
             Offices
             and
             Charge
             from
             his
             M●jestie's
             own
             hands
             ,
             whom
             they
             had
             served
             and
             did
             serv
             ,
             and
             that
             although
             they
             were
             taken
             ,
             they
             would
             not
             go
             with
             them
             ,
             unless
             they
             were
             carried
             away
             by
             force
             .
             This
             was
             the
             best
             answer
             the
             Frier
             could
             get
             at
             that
             time
             ,
             so
             hee
             returned
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             but
             was
             not
             long
             before
             hee
             came
             back
             again
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             with
             other
             Letters
             and
             Orders
             as
             shall
             bee
             seen
             hereafter
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXV
             .
          
           
             IN
             this
             coniuncture
             arrived
             an
             express
             from
             Flanders
             ,
             
             vvit●
             dispatches
             from
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             Letters
             for
             the
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Commissions
             and
             Orders
             to
             
               Don
               Inigo
               de
               Velasco
            
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             of
             Castilla
             and
             Leon
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Fadrique
               Enriquez
            
             Lord
             Admiral
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             auto●ising
             and
             Commanding
             them
             ,
             joyntly
             vvith
             the
             Cardinal
             Adriano
             ,
             to
             undertake
             the
             charge
             and
             care
             of
             governing
             and
             managing
             the
             affaires
             of
             that
             Kingdom
             untill
             his
             returne
             .
             In
             
             his
             Letters
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             declared
             his
             exceeding
             sorrovv
             and
             discontent
             for
             the
             troubles
             and
             insurrections
             in
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             notvvithstanding
             the
             great
             affection
             hee
             alvvaies
             expressed
             tovvards
             them
             .
             That
             his
             good
             vvill
             vvas
             so
             ill
             requited
             ,
             and
             his
             favors
             no
             better
             accepted
             .
             That
             they
             had
             failed
             in
             that
             fidelitie
             vvherevvith
             (
             like
             good
             and
             Loyall
             Subjects
             )
             they
             had
             alvvaies
             served
             the
             Kings
             ,
             his
             Predecessors
             .
             Yet
             hee
             could
             not
             bee
             persuaded
             but
             some
             particular
             persons
             ,
             for
             their
             private
             ●nterests
             ,
             had
             been
             the
             occasion
             of
             all
             those
             disorders
             .
             And
             That
             in
             regard
             one
             of
             the
             principal
             things
             ,
             at
             which
             the
             Kingdom
             was
             aggreived
             ,
             had
             been
             his
             conferring
             of
             the
             government
             upon
             a
             stranger
             (
             although
             the
             prudence
             and
             uprightness
             of
             the
             most
             reverend
             Cardinal
             of
             Tortosa
             could
             not
             in
             all
             reason
             but
             give
             them
             satisfaction
             )
             to
             stop
             the
             current
             of
             those
             disorders
             ,
             which
             increased
             daily
             in
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             to
             provide
             for
             the
             good
             government
             thereof
             ,
             and
             the
             Peace
             of
             his
             Subjects
             ;
             with
             great
             deliberation
             and
             advice
             (
             during
             his
             absence
             ,
             which
             should
             not
             bee
             long
             )
             hee
             had
             ordered
             and
             appointed
             to
             rule
             joyntly
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             as
             Vice-Kings
             and
             Governors
             of
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             and
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             beeing
             both
             persons
             indued
             with
             wisdom
             ,
             and
             other
             parts
             requisite
             for
             so
             high
             a
             charge
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             should
             take
             upon
             them
             all
             the
             care
             ,
             trouble
             ,
             &c.
             
             And
             that
             he
             had
             given
             them
             particular
             charge
             if
             the
             Kingdom
             was
             anie
             waie
             aggriev'd
             ,
             to
             send
             for
             the
             Commissioners
             or
             Burgesses
             of
             the
             Cities
             ,
             that
             they
             might
             demand
             redress
             before
             the
             Governors
             ;
             And
             withall
             hee
             Commanded
             the
             Cities
             to
             bee
             obedient
             unto
             them
             .
             The
             Emperor
             wrote
             also
             to
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             endeering
             him
             by
             the
             acknowledgment
             of
             his
             former
             services
             ,
             to
             undertake
             and
             execute
             with
             like
             fidelitie
             ,
             resolution
             and
             cheerfulness
             ,
             the
             joynt
             charge
             ,
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             the
             Lord
             Admirall
             ,
             of
             pacifying
             the
             present
             tumults
             and
             insurrections
             ,
             reducing
             his
             Subjects
             to
             their
             former
             obedience
             ,
             and
             the
             governing
             and
             managing
             the
             affairs
             of
             that
             Kingdom
             until
             his
             return
             .
             Dated
             in
             Bruxels
             the
             9th
             of
             September
             1520.
             
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XXVI
             .
          
           
             IF
             these
             Noble-men
             had
             been
             made
             governors
             before
             the
             Emperor's
             departure
             out
             of
             Spain
             ,
             questionless
             the
             Commotions
             had
             never
             come
             to
             that
             height
             .
             But
             they
             were
             now
             too
             far
             gon
             beyond
             their
             recoverie
             ,
             for
             although
             some
             were
             very
             well
             pleased
             with
             this
             Election
             ,
             others
             were
             not
             .
             The
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             (
             as
             wee
             shall
             see
             )
             was
             not
             very
             well
             beloved
             in
             Burgos
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             with
             the
             President
             and
             Council
             were
             not
             onely
             not
             beloved
             ,
             but
             extreamely
             hated
             and
             abhorred
             in
             manie
             Cities
             .
             Onely
             in
             Valladolid
             the
             Cardinal
             was
             much
             respected
             and
             honored
             ,
             neither
             would
             they
             consent
             to
             his
             departure
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             although
             hee
             often
             desired
             it
             ,
             but
             they
             offered
             themselvs
             all
             to
             bee
             at
             his
             service
             ,
             esteeming
             him
             (
             as
             it
             were
             )
             a
             Saint
             ;
             and
             they
             kept
             guards
             at
             the
             Gates
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             lest
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             or
             anie
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             or
             Judges
             should
             goe
             away
             .
             Yet
             for
             all
             their
             guards
             
               El
               Licenciado
               Zapata
            
             made
             his
             escape
             in
             a
             Benedictan
             Munk's
             habit
             ,
             
             having
             shaved
             his
             crown
             and
             his
             beard
             ,
             and
             divers
             others
             of
             the
             Council
             likewise
             ,
             who
             durst
             not
             attend
             the
             determination
             of
             the
             Junta
             :
             perhaps
             their
             own
             ill
             consciences
             did
             accuse
             them
             ,
             and
             filled
             their
             hearts
             with
             the
             apprehension
             of
             danger
             ,
             which
             onely
             make
             the
             sinners
             flie
             ,
             though
             no
             bodie
             doth
             pursue
             them
             .
             And
             indeed
             in
             offices
             and
             charges
             of
             that
             nature
             ,
             some
             men
             are
             monstruously
             insufferable
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXVII
             .
          
           
             FEw
             daies
             after
             the
             Dominican
             Frier
             was
             returned
             to
             the
             Junta
             ,
             and
             had
             given
             an
             account
             of
             his
             indeavors
             at
             Valladolid
             ,
             concerning
             the
             suspending
             of
             the
             Council
             Roial
             ,
             and
             
             the
             apprehending
             of
             the
             Counsellors
             .
             They
             sent
             another
             Frier
             ,
             
               Alonso
               de
               Medina
            
             ,
             Professor
             of
             Divinitie
             ,
             of
             the
             Order
             of
             St
             Francis
             ,
             with
             second
             Orders
             from
             the
             Junta
             to
             Valladolid
             .
             Where
             beeing
             arrived
             ,
             hee
             caused
             the
             Commonaltie
             and
             Officers
             of
             the
             Citie
             to
             assemble
             at
             the
             Monastrie
             of
             St
             Francis
             ,
             which
             beeing
             done
             accordingly
             ,
             the
             Frier
             went
             up
             into
             the
             Pulpit
             ,
             and
             shewed
             the
             Letters
             of
             Credence
             which
             hee
             brought
             from
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             in
             whose
             name
             hee
             told
             them
             ,
             they
             were
             againe
             required
             to
             send
             those
             of
             the
             Council-Royall
             Prisoners
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             and
             that
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             of
             Warre
             ,
             who
             were
             fled
             and
             absented
             themselvs
             ,
             should
             thenceforwards
             bee
             payed
             no
             Salarie
             ,
             nor
             enjoy
             any
             of
             their
             Revenues
             ;
             But
             that
             they
             should
             all
             bee
             punished
             according
             to
             their
             severall
             deserts
             ;
             And
             that
             her
             Highness
             ,
             the
             Queen's
             pleasure
             and
             absolute
             Command
             was
             ,
             it
             should
             bee
             ●o
             ,
             in
             regard
             it
             was
             found
             expedient
             for
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             Otherwise
             the
             offenders
             and
             wicked
             Counsellors
             ,
             the
             Perpetrators
             of
             so
             manie
             evils
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             should
             escape
             unpunished
             ,
             and
             the
             poor
             oppressed
             People
             remain
             without
             Justice
             .
             Many
             other
             reasons
             hee
             aleadged
             ,
             which
             were
             not
             unpleasing
             to
             the
             People
             ,
             who
             were
             filled
             with
             a
             desire
             of
             seeing
             the
             punishment
             (
             hee
             mentioned
             )
             inflicted
             .
             And
             having
             ended
             his
             discours
             ,
             hee
             produced
             and
             read
             aloud
             to
             them
             a
             copie
             signed
             by
             three
             publick
             Notaries
             ,
             of
             what
             passed
             between
             the
             Queen
             and
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             all
             the
             Cities
             and
             Towns
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             that
             had
             Votes
             in
             Parlament
             .
             Who
             beeing
             altogether
             in
             her
             presence
             ,
             gave
             her
             to
             understand
             by
             the
             mouth
             of
             the
             
               Doctor
               Zuniga
            
             of
             Salamanca
             ,
             the
             grievances
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             having
             been
             pilled
             and
             polled
             by
             strangers
             since
             her
             ●ather's
             death
             ,
             and
             out
             of
             the
             sens
             of
             their
             opression
             ,
             
             they
             desired
             that
             her
             Highness
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             take
             upon
             her
             the
             Command
             and
             government
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             making
             high
             protestations
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             obey
             and
             serve
             her
             till
             death
             as
             their
             Queen
             and
             naturall
             Soveraign
             ,
             and
             that
             shee
             should
             Command
             as
             absolutely
             as
             the
             most
             powerfull
             Queen
             in
             the
             World.
             Whereunto
             shee
             answered
             to
             this
             effect
             ,
             That
             shee
             loved
             that
             Countrie
             
             and
             her
             Subjects
             with
             so
             much
             tenderness
             ,
             that
             it
             grieved
             her
             exceedingly
             to
             hear
             of
             any
             of
             their
             sufferings
             ,
             But
             shee
             had
             been
             so
             long
             mued
             up
             there
             ,
             and
             alwaies
             such
             bad
             People
             about
             her
             ,
             who
             fed
             her
             with
             falsities
             and
             lies
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             shee
             knew
             not
             of
             her
             Father's
             death
             ,
             nor
             of
             their
             opression
             ,
             And
             that
             when
             shee
             was
             informed
             of
             those
             strangers
             coming
             into
             Castilla
             ,
             it
             troubled
             her
             very
             much
             ,
             yet
             shee
             thought
             it
             might
             bee
             for
             her
             Children's
             good
             ,
             though
             ,
             it
             seemed
             ,
             it
             proved
             otherwise
             .
             But
             shee
             wondred
             much
             at
             them
             that
             they
             did
             not
             revenge
             themselvs
             ,
             if
             any
             thing
             was
             don
             contrarie
             to
             Justice
             .
             And
             forasmuch
             (
             said
             shee
             )
             as
             you
             intend
             to
             remedie
             the
             ill-government
             of
             the
             affairs
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             it
             doth
             rejoyce
             me
             ,
             and
             if
             you
             do
             it
             not
             let
             it
             lye
             upon
             your
             own
             Consciences
             ,
             besides
             I
             Command
             you
             so
             to
             do
             ,
             and
             as
             far
             as
             lyeth
             in
             my
             power
             ,
             I
             shall
             bee
             readie
             to
             do
             any
             thing
             for
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             here
             or
             wheresoëver
             I
             am
             .
             You
             need
             not
             come
             all
             to
             mee
             hereafter
             ,
             it
             will
             bee
             more
             convenient
             ,
             that
             you
             appoint
             four
             of
             the
             discreetest
             ,
             and
             most
             knowing
             amongst
             you
             ,
             who
             shall
             at
             any
             time
             have
             access
             to
             mee
             ,
             and
             inform
             mee
             what
             cours
             is
             meetest
             to
             bee
             taken
             ,
             I
             will
             heare
             them
             and
             do
             all
             that
             possiblie
             I
             can
             .
             Then
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             desired
             ,
             that
             her
             Highness
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             nominate
             the
             four
             Members
             ,
             whom
             shee
             would
             have
             to
             confer
             with
             her
             concerning
             the
             government
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             shee
             answered
             that
             her
             will
             was
             ,
             that
             the
             Iunta
             should
             send
             whom
             they
             thought
             good
             ,
             and
             shee
             would
             heare
             them
             whensoëver
             they
             came
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXVIII
             .
          
           
             THis
             writing
             signed
             by
             three
             Notaries
             in
             the
             presence
             of
             the
             
               Infanta
               Donia
               Catalina
            
             ,
             all
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             divers
             eminent
             Priests
             and
             Friers
             ,
             and
             manie
             other
             persons
             of
             qualitie
             ,
             satisfied
             exceedingly
             the
             Common
             people
             ,
             
             who
             cried
             it
             up
             for
             a
             kinde
             of
             miracle
             ,
             that
             the
             Queen
             ,
             after
             so
             many
             years
             of
             retirement
             ,
             in
             so
             strict
             a
             manner
             ,
             that
             no
             bodie
             could
             scarce
             have
             a
             sight
             of
             her
             ,
             and
             so
             long
             discontiuance
             from
             anie
             knowledg
             of
             State-affairs
             ,
             should
             now
             com
             forth
             ,
             and
             shew
             her self
             in
             a
             time
             of
             so
             great
             necessitie
             ,
             with
             so
             much
             knowledg
             and
             clear
             judgment
             in
             things
             concerning
             the
             government
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             :
             They
             praised
             God
             for
             shewing
             his
             mercie
             in
             so
             high
             a
             measure
             unto
             Spain
             :
             Yet
             som
             there
             were
             ,
             who
             did
             not
             stick
             to
             saie
             ,
             that
             all
             those
             circumstances
             were
             fals
             ,
             and
             forged
             by
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             .
             That
             the
             Queen
             had
             no
             judgment
             to
             meddle
             with
             anie
             such
             affairs
             ,
             neither
             was
             shee
             in
             a
             condition
             to
             bee
             treated
             with
             .
             (
             This
             was
             commonly
             noised
             not
             onely
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             but
             divers
             other
             places
             also
             :
             
               Pero
               Mexia
            
             treating
             of
             this
             business
             ,
             seemeth
             in
             his
             book
             to
             favor
             this
             opinion
             ,
             I
             write
             what
             I
             had
             from
             one
             that
             was
             an
             eie
             witness
             of
             all
             these
             passages
             ,
             and
             who
             neither
             was
             a
             Commoner
             nor
             friend
             of
             that
             faction
             .
             )
             After
             all
             this
             the
             Frier
             told
             them
             ,
             that
             there
             were
             Souldiers
             without
             the
             Citie
             ,
             who
             ,
             if
             they
             would
             give
             leav
             ,
             should
             com
             in
             and
             carrie
             away
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             prisoners
             .
             They
             all
             agreed
             ,
             that
             two
             hundred
             should
             com
             in
             the
             next
             daie
             ,
             who
             would
             bee
             sufficient
             to
             apprehend
             them
             ,
             and
             carrie
             them
             away
             to
             Tordesillas
             .
             Whereupon
             the
             day
             following
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             Captain
             General
             of
             the
             Iunta's
             forces
             ,
             entred
             Valladolid
             with
             three
             hundred
             Lances
             of
             Avila
             and
             Salamanca
             ,
             and
             eight
             hundred
             Pikemen
             and
             musketiers
             ,
             where
             hee
             had
             noble
             entertainment
             ,
             and
             his
             Souldiers
             had
             good
             quarters
             given
             them
             ,
             with
             a
             large
             portion
             of
             all
             nec●ssaries
             .
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             forthwith
             seized
             upon
             all
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             that
             could
             bee
             found
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             
             who
             were
             Doctor
             Veltran
             ,
             Doctor
             Tello
             ,
             Doctor
             Cornejo
             ,
             and
             
               El
               Licenciado
               Herrera
            
             ,
             all
             Alcaldes
             ,
             whom
             hee
             confined
             to
             their
             houses
             that
             daie
             ,
             under
             great
             penalties
             ,
             having
             taken
             good
             securitie
             for
             them
             besides
             ,
             and
             set
             Guards
             upon
             every
             one
             ;
             hee
             took
             away
             likewise
             the
             staves
             from
             the
             Alguaziles
             and
             other
             Officers
             ,
             whom
             hee
             commanded
             and
             ordered
             ,
             under
             great
             penalties
             ,
             to
             make
             their
             personal
             appearance
             at
             Tordesillas
             .
             The
             next
             daie
             hee
             carried
             them
             
             away
             prisoners
             ,
             with
             the
             respect
             and
             honor
             that
             every
             one
             deserved
             .
             Hee
             took
             with
             him
             the
             books
             of
             the
             Treasurie
             ,
             and
             the
             Broad
             Seal
             wherewith
             the
             Council
             sealed
             all
             their
             Acts
             and
             Orders
             ;
             for
             the
             better
             autorising
             of
             the
             matter
             ,
             the
             Junta
             desired
             the
             Queen
             to
             confirm
             by
             her
             sign
             whatsoëver
             should
             bee
             agreed
             on
             by
             them
             ,
             as
             persons
             of
             her
             Council
             .
             Which
             shee
             refusing
             to
             do
             ,
             the
             Commissioners
             there
             present
             ,
             sent
             to
             their
             respective
             Cities
             ,
             to
             give
             them
             power
             to
             see
             to
             the
             government
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             (
             for
             fault
             of
             a
             Governor
             )
             and
             to
             constitute
             a
             Council
             .
             Som
             did
             ●end
             their
             powers
             to
             this
             effect
             ,
             others
             disliked
             that
             proposition
             ,
             holding
             it
             a
             thing
             needless
             ,
             and
             of
             a
             dangerous
             consequence
             .
             Divers
             Gentlemen
             of
             Toledo
             were
             much
             distasted
             hereat
             ,
             and
             sorrie
             that
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             had
             been
             so
             forward
             ,
             for
             which
             they
             sent
             him
             and
             their
             Commissioners
             a
             notable
             check
             ,
             refusing
             to
             give
             them
             any
             power
             concerning
             the
             Govenment
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXIX
             .
          
           
             THe
             Iunta
             ,
             for
             the
             better
             autorising
             and
             securing
             their
             persons
             and
             proceedings
             ,
             used
             all
             means
             possible
             to
             seduce
             all
             the
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             engage
             them
             in
             their
             quarrel
             .
             From
             Palencia
             they
             had
             intelligence
             ,
             that
             a
             small
             matter
             would
             make
             them
             rise
             .
             Whereupon
             they
             presently
             dispatched
             thither
             an
             Augustine
             Frier
             ,
             giving
             him
             Orders
             first
             to
             sound
             the
             Bishop
             ,
             and
             afterward
             to
             address
             himself
             to
             the
             Citie
             ,
             telling
             them
             how
             they
             stood
             obliged
             to
             favor
             and
             assist
             the
             Junta
             ,
             in
             regard
             the
             chief
             end
             of
             their
             assembling
             ,
             and
             their
             onely
             studie
             ,
             since
             they
             were
             established
             ,
             was
             for
             the
             general
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             The
             Frier
             went
             (
             but
             it
             had
             been
             better
             for
             him
             to
             have
             staied
             in
             his
             Cell
             )
             and
             with
             much
             libertie
             and
             lavishness
             of
             words
             hee
             began
             to
             treat
             of
             his
             message
             ,
             and
             having
             assembled
             the
             people
             ,
             to
             preach
             sedition
             publickly
             in
             the
             Pulpit
             .
             This
             continued
             som
             daies
             ,
             until
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             who
             then
             
             was
             at
             Rioseco
             ,
             with
             the
             Council
             ,
             sent
             to
             apprehend
             him
             ,
             which
             was
             the
             easier
             done
             becaus
             there
             were
             divers
             loial
             and
             well-affected
             persons
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             who
             were
             scandalized
             at
             the
             ill
             example
             of
             this
             Frier
             .
             Hee
             was
             carried
             prisoner
             to
             Medina
             ,
             where
             after
             few
             daies
             ,
             the
             fact
             beeing
             proved
             against
             him
             ,
             hee
             was
             strangled
             .
             Hee
             had
             his
             desert
             ,
             and
             may
             all
             Friers
             or
             Priests
             meet
             with
             the
             like
             punishment
             ,
             
             that
             imbark
             themselvs
             so
             far
             in
             secular
             affairs
             ,
             not
             observing
             that
             retirement
             and
             modestie
             which
             their
             qualitie
             and
             profession
             doth
             require
             ,
             which
             is
             to
             renounce
             the
             world
             with
             all
             its
             troubles
             and
             vanities
             .
             Yet
             the
             ●eed
             which
             this
             factious
             Frier
             sowed
             in
             Palencia
             ,
             took
             not
             so
             little
             root
             in
             the
             people's
             hearts
             ,
             but
             that
             soon
             after
             almost
             the
             whole
             Commonaltie
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             infected
             with
             his
             pernitious
             doctrine
             ,
             rose
             in
             so
             tumultuous
             a
             manner
             ,
             that
             the
             C●rregidor
             was
             forced
             to
             flie
             away
             ,
             they
             took
             away
             the
             stav●s
             from
             the
             King's
             Officers
             ,
             and
             gave
             them
             to
             som
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             .
             They
             turned
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             the
             
               Provisores
               d●l
               Obispo
            
             or
             Officers
             of
             the
             Bishop's
             Cou●t
             ,
             they
             turned
             out
             the
             Regidores
             ,
             whom
             the
             Bishop
             had
             constituted
             ,
             and
             the
             Commonaltie
             put
             others
             in
             their
             places
             .
             At
             the
             ringing
             of
             a
             bell
             the
             people
             all
             assembled
             ,
             and
             most
             of
             them
             beeing
             Armed
             ,
             they
             ran
             furiously
             to
             Villamuriel
             ,
             (
             which
             was
             a
             Fort
             and
             the
             Bishop's
             hous
             )
             and
             pulled
             down
             a
             part
             of
             one
             of
             the
             Towers
             thereof
             .
             The
             15th
             Sept.
             15●0
             ,
             they
             cut
             down
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             a
             Wood
             called
             Santillana
             ,
             which
             belonged
             to
             the
             Bishop
             ;
             divers
             other
             strange
             disorders
             and
             mischiefs
             they
             did
             in
             and
             about
             the
             Citie
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             been
             in
             an
             Enemie's
             Countrie
             :
             things
             indeed
             befitting
             the
             blinde
             and
             furious
             rage
             of
             the
             common
             people
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             ▪
             XXX
             .
          
           
             THe
             Cardinal
             ,
             governor
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             seeing
             the
             disturbed
             estate
             of
             things
             ,
             and
             that
             in
             Valladolid
             hee
             was
             not
             
             obeyed
             ,
             as
             the
             dignitie
             of
             his
             person
             and
             place
             required
             ,
             but
             rather
             in
             danger
             daiely
             to
             bee
             affronted
             ,
             took
             a
             resolution
             to
             retire
             himself
             to
             a
             Gentleman's
             hous
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             where
             hee
             might
             bee
             secure
             .
             This
             was
             no
             sooner
             known
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             but
             some
             of
             the
             Citie-Officers
             came
             to
             ●peake
             with
             him
             ,
             desiring
             to
             know
             wherefore
             hee
             would
             go
             away
             from
             them
             .
             The
             Holy
             man
             with
             much
             meekness
             ,
             answered
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             willingly
             retire
             himself
             with
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             at
             
               Medina
               de
               Rioseco
            
             .
             But
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             holding
             it
             their
             best
             waie
             to
             keep
             him
             there
             ,
             would
             not
             let
             him
             go
             .
             They
             presently
             set
             guards
             at
             the
             Gates
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             that
             none
             of
             the
             Common
             people
             should
             go
             out
             ,
             for
             they
             began
             already
             to
             feare
             ,
             lest
             they
             should
             go
             joyn
             with
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             who
             was
             levying
             forces
             to
             resist
             and
             suppress
             those
             Tumults
             ,
             which
             were
             grown
             so
             excessive
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             to
             whom
             were
             repaired
             those
             of
             Council
             ,
             that
             escaped
             from
             Valladolid
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             that
             Castilla
             ,
             
             might
             not
             remain
             without
             Justice
             .
             The
             next
             morning
             early
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             beeing
             fully
             resolved
             to
             bee
             gon
             ,
             departed
             from
             his
             hous
             with
             an
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             men
             on
             horsback
             and
             on
             foot
             ,
             besides
             divers
             of
             the
             principal
             persons
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             who
             guarded
             him
             on
             both
             sides
             .
             But
             coming
             to
             the
             bridg
             they
             would
             not
             let
             him
             pass
             ,
             there
             hee
             stayed
             a
             good
             while
             ,
             still
             commanding
             his
             people
             to
             bee
             quiet
             and
             offer
             no
             violence
             ,
             for
             they
             would
             have
             broke
             down
             the
             Gates
             and
             forced
             their
             way
             through
             .
             This
             beeing
             known
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             there
             was
             presently
             a
             great
             hubbub
             ,
             and
             a
             crying
             out
             ,
             
               The
               Governor
               's
               goeing
               away
               ,
               The
               Governor
               's
               goeing
               away
               .
            
             Hereupon
             one
             
               Alonso
               de
               Vera
            
             ,
             a
             Deputie
             of
             a
             ward
             ,
             without
             any
             Command
             or
             Order
             from
             the
             Captain
             Generall
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             ran
             in
             great
             hast
             to
             ring
             the
             Council
             Bell
             ,
             which
             beeing
             heard
             the
             Citie
             presently
             took
             the
             Alarme
             ,
             and
             in
             a
             trice
             there
             was
             such
             a
             hurly-burly
             and
             confusion
             of
             people
             in
             the
             stree●s
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             wonderful
             ,
             they
             all
             locked
             up
             their
             houses
             and
             shops
             and
             posted
             with
             their
             Arms
             towards
             the
             bridg
             ,
             (
             as
             if
             the
             Citie
             had
             been
             stormed
             by
             an
             enemie
             )
             where
             in
             a
             moment's
             time
             (
             in
             a
             manner
             )
             was
             assembled
             a
             very
             
             numerous
             Armie
             of
             compleat
             men
             ,
             with
             new
             shining
             arms
             ,
             but
             without
             order
             and
             without
             Captain
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             seeing
             this
             tumult
             ,
             turned
             back
             againe
             towards
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             beeing
             half
             way
             ouer
             the
             bridg
             some
             of
             his
             servants
             said
             to
             him
             ,
             
               My
               Lord
               !
               your
               Eminence
               should
               do
               well
               to
               stand
               still
               there
               ,
               untill
               you
               see
               what
               is
               the
               meaning
               of
               this
               boldness
               of
               the
               People
               .
            
             So
             hee
             did
             remain
             a
             while
             ,
             having
             a
             strong
             guard
             before
             him
             .
             But
             the
             people
             came
             swarming
             to
             that
             place
             like
             emmets
             .
             Whilest
             the
             Cardinal
             was
             at
             this
             stand
             ,
             came
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             to
             whom
             all
             the
             people
             bore
             as
             much
             respect
             ,
             as
             if
             hee
             had
             been
             their
             Lord.
             Hee
             was
             mounted
             upon
             a
             stately
             Ginnet
             ,
             his
             body
             was
             covered
             with
             Armor
             as
             bright
             as
             silver
             ,
             his
             head
             with
             a
             richly
             guilded
             helmet
             ,
             his
             hors
             proudly
             praunsing
             along
             the
             streets
             ,
             made
             waie
             through
             the
             disorderly
             throng
             ,
             untill
             hee
             came
             where
             the
             Governor
             stood
             ,
             to
             whom
             after
             salutation
             ,
             
             hee
             thus
             spake
             .
             
               My
               Lord
               !
               I
               am
               sorry
               that
               your
               Eminence
               would
               offer
               to
               go
               away
               thus
               without
               the
               consent
               of
               the
               Citie
               and
               Kingdom
               ,
               if
               my
               Counsel
               might
               prevail
               ,
               you
               should
               return
               to
               your
               lodging
               ,
               for
               if
               you
               stay
               longer
               here
               ,
               it
               will
               not
               bee
               in
               the
               power
               of
               man
               to
               remedie
               or
               hinder
               the
               mischief
               ,
               which
               your
               departure
               may
               produce
               .
            
             The
             Cardinal's
             men
             not
             throughly
             understanding
             
               Don
               Pedro's
            
             speech
             ,
             began
             to
             draw
             their
             swords
             ;
             which
             some
             of
             the
             people
             ,
             that
             had
             crowded
             neer
             ,
             seeing
             ,
             cryed
             out
             ,
             
               Arm
               ,
               Arm
               Commoners
               ,
               help
               ,
               help
               .
            
             Hereupon
             grew
             such
             a
             noise
             and
             so
             great
             a
             tumult
             ,
             that
             had
             not
             the
             President
             of
             the
             Chancerie
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             and
             other
             Gentlemen
             been
             there
             to
             appease
             the
             furie
             of
             the
             people
             ,
             they
             scarse
             had
             left
             one
             man
             alive
             of
             all
             those
             that
             were
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             .
             But
             all
             beeing
             pacified
             ,
             hee
             returned
             with
             his
             guards
             to
             his
             lodging
             ,
             accompanied
             with
             other
             Prelates
             and
             divers
             Gentlemen
             of
             qualitie
             ,
             and
             after
             all
             ,
             followed
             his
             traine
             of
             bagage
             in
             the
             same
             order
             as
             they
             marched
             outwards
             .
             The
             Common
             People
             went
             before
             him
             all
             armed
             ,
             with
             sound
             of
             drums
             and
             trumpets
             conducting
             him
             to
             his
             lodging
             ,
             with
             all
             due
             honor
             and
             reverence
             .
             By
             this
             time
             it
             was
             full
             twelve
             of
             the
             clock
             ,
             so
             that
             they
             spent
             six
             hours
             at
             least
             in
             this
             contention
             .
             The
             Infante
             of
             Granada
             ,
             
             Captain
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             was
             so
             much
             displeased
             that
             St
             Michael's
             Bell
             had
             been
             rung
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             people
             had
             all
             taken
             Arms
             in
             that
             manner
             without
             his
             order
             or
             knowledg
             ,
             that
             hee
             threatned
             to
             leave
             his
             charge
             .
             Thereupon
             strict
             order
             was
             given
             ,
             that
             no
             man
             thenceforwards
             should
             dare
             ,
             under
             a
             great
             penaltie
             ,
             to
             ring
             the
             Bell
             or
             to
             rise
             in
             Arms
             ,
             without
             their
             Captains
             order
             .
             Vera
             who
             rung
             the
             Bell
             ,
             to
             avoid
             the
             punishment
             which
             was
             intended
             ,
             and
             his
             offence
             deserved
             ,
             fled
             to
             Tordesillas
             .
             After
             this
             ,
             Valladolid
             ordered
             that
             every
             five
             and
             twentie
             men
             should
             have
             a
             particular
             Captain
             ,
             that
             should
             command
             them
             upon
             occasion
             ,
             having
             first
             received
             orders
             from
             the
             Captain
             General
             .
             The
             newes
             beeing
             carried
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             how
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             had
             opposed
             and
             detained
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             besides
             the
             good
             order
             they
             kept
             for
             the
             guard
             and
             defens
             of
             their
             Citie
             ,
             The
             Iunta
             sent
             an
             express
             with
             Letters
             to
             give
             the
             People
             thanks
             in
             their
             names
             ,
             extolling
             their
             valor
             to
             the
             skies
             ,
             which
             puffed
             up
             the
             people's
             hearts
             with
             a
             kinde
             of
             vanitie
             ,
             and
             incouraged
             them
             to
             commit
             greater
             exorbitancies
             another
             time
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXI
             .
          
           
             THe
             Cardinal
             seeing
             it
             was
             not
             possible
             for
             him
             to
             go
             publickly
             out
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             considering
             how
             much
             it
             behoved
             him
             to
             depart
             thence
             ,
             where
             hee
             had
             no
             more
             then
             an
             honorable
             prison
             ,
             resolved
             to
             steal
             away
             privately
             :
             which
             hee
             did
             one
             night
             all
             alone
             ,
             beeing
             disguised
             ,
             and
             hee
             had
             been
             gone
             ten
             daies
             before
             it
             was
             known
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             or
             his
             own
             Guard
             of
             Hors
             missed
             him
             .
             His
             Foot
             Guards
             went
             away
             the
             daie
             before
             by
             two
             and
             two
             .
             After
             which
             time
             hee
             sent
             to
             entreat
             the
             Citie
             ,
             to
             suffer
             his
             goods
             to
             bee
             brought
             unto
             him
             ,
             assuring
             them
             that
             his
             going
             away
             should
             bee
             no
             waie
             prejudicial
             to
             them
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             in
             a
             manner
             enforced
             so
             to
             absent
             himself
             from
             them
             ,
             both
             for
             respect
             of
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ,
             
             and
             that
             hee
             had
             not
             left
             him
             wherewithal
             to
             defraie
             his
             charges
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             but
             wheresoëver
             hee
             was
             ,
             they
             might
             bee
             confident
             hee
             would
             do
             all
             that
             might
             be
             for
             their●
             and
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             's
             good
             .
             Valladolid
             ,
             with
             much
             complement
             and
             civil
             expressions
             ,
             sent
             him
             all
             his
             Linnens
             and
             other
             houshold-stuff
             to
             the
             Town
             of
             Rioseco
             ,
             whither
             hee
             was
             gone
             in
             exspectation
             of
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             .
             About
             this
             time
             there
             were
             great
             differences
             betwixt
             those
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             and
             their
             Captain
             the
             Infante
             of
             Granada
             .
             They
             would
             have
             killed
             him
             ,
             manie
             of
             them
             coming
             violently
             against
             him
             with
             their
             Arms
             ,
             and
             giving
             him
             very
             reproachful
             and
             abusive
             language
             .
             As
             hee
             advanced
             into
             the
             market
             place
             with
             above
             six
             hundred
             Lances
             to
             apprehend
             
               Alonso
               de
               Vera
            
             ,
             (
             they
             saie
             )
             it
             was
             a
             Bridle-maker
             and
             som
             such
             like
             audacious
             fellows
             ,
             that
             were
             the
             occasion
             of
             stirring
             the
             people
             to
             this
             insolent
             attempt
             .
             The
             Iunta
             beeing
             much
             displeased
             ●
             ereat
             ordered
             that
             the
             Infante
             of
             Granada
             should
             leav
             the
             Office
             of
             Captain
             ,
             becaus
             it
             was
             too
             great
             a
             charge
             to
             allow
             him
             everie
             month
             30000
             Maradiz
             ,
             alleging
             moreover
             ,
             that
             none
             but
             a
             native
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             ought
             to
             execute
             that
             Command
             .
             But
             the
             Infante
             giving
             notice
             of
             his
             discontent
             ,
             by
             command
             of
             the
             Iunta
             this
             matter
             was
             put
             to
             Votes
             ,
             and
             hee
             having
             the
             major
             part
             on
             his
             side
             ,
             it
             was
             ordered
             ,
             that
             hee
             should
             bee
             confirmed
             in
             his
             Office
             ,
             but
             withal
             ,
             that
             hee
             should
             pardon
             
               Alonso
               de
               Vera
            
             ,
             with
             the
             rest
             that
             had
             offended
             him
             ,
             and
             strict
             command
             was
             given
             ,
             that
             the
             people
             should
             make
             no
             more
             meetings
             ,
             nor
             demand
             any
             thing
             from
             thenceforward
             with
             Arms
             in
             their
             hands
             ,
             but
             by
             waie
             of
             Justice
             and
             Reason
             .
             That
             presently
             under
             pain
             of
             one
             hundred
             lashes
             ,
             all
             those
             Vagabands
             and
             fellows
             that
             had
             no
             professions
             ,
             should
             avoid
             the
             Citie
             .
             This
             was
             proclaimed
             in
             Valladolid
             on
             St
             Luke's
             daie
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXII
             .
          
           
             WHil'st
             the
             Commonaltie
             of
             Valladolid
             was
             in
             consultation
             ,
             whether
             the
             Infante
             should
             continue
             in
             his
             Charge
             or
             not
             ,
             arrived
             a
             Commissioner
             from
             the
             Junta
             ,
             desiring
             that
             Citie
             in
             their
             names
             to
             agree
             ,
             and
             bee
             all
             as
             one
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             give
             waie
             to
             their
             particular
             passions
             ,
             which
             might
             breed
             division
             among
             them
             ,
             to
             the
             great
             weakning
             and
             disenabling
             of
             that
             Citie
             ,
             for
             they
             were
             now
             to
             consider
             that
             they
             had
             manie
             enemies
             ,
             who
             had
             already
             begun
             one
             of
             the
             highest
             and
             greatest
             attempts
             in
             the
             world
             .
             That
             if
             their
             hearts
             were
             not
             united
             &
             stirred
             up
             therewith
             ,
             they
             ,
             with
             their
             wives
             and
             children
             ,
             should
             bee
             reduced
             to
             most
             wretched
             slaverie
             .
             That
             with
             couragious
             mindes
             and
             upright
             desires
             ,
             they
             ought
             to
             prosecute
             this
             matter
             ,
             and
             bee
             assistant
             to
             those
             Gentlemen
             who
             were
             already
             engaged
             therein
             ,
             and
             boüy
             them
             up
             out
             of
             that
             gulf
             of
             miserie
             whereinto
             they
             were
             plunged
             .
             For
             the
             Lords
             of
             the
             Iunta
             considering
             that
             Valladolid
             was
             the
             most
             noble
             &
             principal
             Citie
             of
             all
             Spain
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             had
             been
             the
             principal
             autor
             of
             their
             good
             (
             as
             in
             former
             times
             )
             exposing
             and
             hazarding
             their
             lives
             and
             fortunes
             to
             many
             eminent
             dangers
             .
             They
             thought
             it
             great
             rea●on
             to
             give
             them
             an
             account
             of
             what
             they
             had
             done
             in
             the
             Iunta
             .
             To
             whi●h
             effect
             they
             had
             sent
             to
             let
             them
             know
             ,
             how
             that
             neither
             night
             nor
             daie
             they
             ceased
             laboring
             in
             the
             advancement
             of
             the
             service
             of
             God
             and
             the
             King
             and
             the
             publick
             good
             of
             the
             Nation
             ,
             neither
             eating
             nor
             drinking
             in
             quiet
             ,
             but
             still
             watching
             with
             much
             care
             and
             studie
             ,
             how
             God
             and
             the
             King
             might
             have
             their
             due
             respect
             and
             honor
             ,
             and
             the
             Kingdom
             bee
             preserved
             in
             libertie
             .
             Renouncing
             all
             private
             affairs
             ,
             leaving
             houses
             ,
             goods
             ,
             wives
             and
             children
             at
             random
             ,
             to
             attend
             and
             applie
             themselvs
             with
             more
             fervencie
             to
             procure
             the
             people's
             good
             without
             Interest
             .
             That
             before
             the
             Iunta
             sate
             at
             Tordesillas
             ,
             they
             
             all
             took
             a
             solemn
             oath
             ,
             that
             no
             man
             should
             procure
             for
             himself
             ,
             wife
             ,
             children
             ,
             friends
             or
             kindred
             ,
             anie
             Lands
             ,
             Offices
             or
             benefits
             whatsoëver
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             that
             they
             might
             loi●lly
             ,
             and
             without
             Interests
             ,
             serv
             the
             publick
             .
             That
             every
             one
             of
             the
             Iunta
             was
             a
             Gentleman
             ,
             and
             as
             free
             ,
             as
             the
             King
             himself
             from
             all
             the
             tributes
             &
             taxes
             that
             were
             imposed
             upon
             the
             meaner
             subjects
             ,
             &
             that
             neither
             for
             respect
             of
             what
             they
             might
             hope
             to
             gain
             ,
             or
             to
             free
             themselvs
             of
             that
             which
             others
             did
             paie
             ,
             they
             had
             exposed
             themselvs
             to
             so
             great
             hazard
             ,
             beeing
             no
             more
             then
             fiftie
             ,
             that
             did
             help
             or
             any
             waie
             advance
             this
             business
             ,
             which
             so
             nearly
             concerned
             all
             .
             That
             without
             them
             the
             Iunta
             could
             do
             little
             ,
             the
             case
             b●eing
             weightie
             and
             dangerous
             .
             That
             they
             trusted
             in
             God
             within
             eight
             daies
             ,
             the
             Iunta
             would
             have
             taken
             such
             a
             cours
             ,
             that
             Castilla
             should
             enjoie
             as
             much
             peace
             ,
             quietness
             ,
             and
             plentie
             as
             formerly
             ;
             for
             they
             wanted
             nothing
             but
             the
             Articles
             of
             the
             several
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             to
             extract
             the
             best
             out
             of
             them
             ;
             which
             should
             bee
             printed
             and
             and
             sent
             through
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             that
             every
             one
             might
             see
             the
             good
             which
             proceeded
             from
             the
             Iunta
             .
             The
             Articles
             which
             were
             purged
             in
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             whereby
             they
             thought
             (
             as
             they
             saie
             here
             )
             to
             remedie
             and
             restore
             Castilla
             to
             its
             former
             condition
             ,
             shal
             bee
             punctually
             set
             down
             in
             the
             following
             Book
             .
             In
             Valladolid
             they
             much
             rejoiced
             at
             this
             discours
             ,
             and
             were
             highly
             taken
             with
             the
             promises
             made
             them
             by
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             which
             filled
             them
             with
             a
             thousand
             good
             hopes
             ,
             but
             within
             seven
             months
             they
             found
             them
             all
             fruitless
             .
             They
             offered
             willingly
             their
             estates
             and
             goods
             ,
             and
             to
             expose
             their
             lives
             in
             the
             defens
             of
             the
             
               Holie
               Iunta
            
             as
             they
             called
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXIII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Cardinal
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             prudently
             desired
             first
             to
             proceed
             with
             mildness
             ,
             and
             endeavor
             by
             fair
             persuasions
             to
             quench
             ,
             or
             (
             at
             least
             )
             mitigate
             the
             furie
             of
             that
             unnatural
             
             ●ire
             ;
             
             to
             that
             effect
             they
             sent
             to
             entreat
             the
             Iunta
             to
             assemble
             rather
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             where
             the
             Council
             then
             was
             ,
             that
             there
             things
             should
             bee
             remedied
             to
             their
             liking
             and
             content
             .
             Those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             having
             intelligence
             of
             this
             message
             ,
             sent
             one
             to
             meet
             him
             that
             brought
             it
             ,
             before
             hee
             could
             reach
             to
             Avila
             ,
             with
             command
             to
             charge
             him
             in
             their
             names
             ,
             under
             pain
             of
             death
             not
             to
             com
             into
             the
             Citie
             .
             The
             Council
             ,
             seeing
             that
             they
             could
             prevail
             nothing
             by
             fair
             means
             ,
             sent
             to
             command
             and
             require
             the
             Junta
             not
             to
             assemble
             at
             all
             ,
             in
             regard
             it
             was
             a
             thing
             forbidden
             by
             the
             King
             and
             the
             Laws
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             without
             their
             Sovereign's
             leav
             .
             That
             if
             they
             had
             anie
             thing
             to
             desire
             ,
             they
             should
             repair
             to
             the
             Council
             at
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             they
             would
             join
             with
             them
             in
             Petition
             to
             the
             Emperor
             for
             the
             obteining
             and
             fulfilling
             their
             demands
             .
             This
             also
             they
             refused
             to
             hear
             ;
             and
             sent
             the
             like
             message
             back
             to
             the
             Council
             by
             the
             
               Commendador
               Hinestrosa
            
             ,
             to
             whom
             they
             denied
             both
             audience
             and
             entrance
             into
             the
             Citie
             .
             From
             that
             time
             forwards
             the
             Junta
             called
             them
             of
             Council
             Tyrants
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             termed
             them
             Traitors
             .
             Which
             beeing
             known
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             a
             rumor
             was
             noised
             about
             ,
             that
             the
             Lords
             of
             the
             Council
             had
             given
             order
             to
             apprehend
             those
             of
             the
             Junta
             ,
             for
             which
             caus
             
               El
               Licenciado
               Francisco
               de
               Vargas
            
             ,
             Treasurer
             General
             ,
             and
             
               El
               Licenciado
               Zapata
            
             ,
             made
             their
             escapes
             in
             the
             night
             from
             the
             Council
             :
             For
             they
             having
             born
             a
             great
             swaie
             ,
             one
             in
             the
             Treasurie
             ,
             the
             other
             in
             matters
             of
             Justice
             ,
             were
             both
             grown
             odious
             in
             the
             eies
             of
             the
             Common-wealth
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXIV
             .
          
           
             THe
             several
             Parties
             reviled
             ,
             and
             fell
             into
             malicious
             expressions
             one
             against
             the
             other
             ,
             not
             considering
             ,
             that
             that
             was
             one
             of
             the
             poorest
             and
             vilest
             revenges
             upon
             earth
             ,
             and
             which
             suit
             's
             with
             none
             but
             rascal-like
             &
             unworthie
             dispositions
             .
             Those
             that
             were
             enemies
             to
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             reported
             ,
             that
             no
             Gentlemen
             
             or
             persons
             of
             qualitie
             would
             have
             taken
             that
             side
             ,
             but
             for
             private
             respects
             and
             ambition
             .
             That
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Acunia
            
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             (
             whose
             storie
             wee
             are
             not
             yet
             com
             to
             )
             would
             make
             himself
             Arch-bishop
             of
             Toledo
             .
             That
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             was
             on
             fire
             for
             the
             Estate
             of
             
               Medina
               Sidonia
            
             .
             The
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ambitioned
             certain
             territories
             of
             great
             value
             ,
             called
             
               Merindades
               .
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
            
             for
             revenge
             of
             som
             injuries
             don
             ●im
             .
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             to
             bee
             Master
             of
             
               Santjago
               .
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             to
             bee
             Lord
             of
             
               Toledo
               .
               Quintanilla
            
             to
             have
             the
             Command
             of
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
               .
               Hernando
               de
               Ulloa
            
             to
             drive
             his
             brother
             out
             of
             
               Toro
               .
               Don
               Pedro
               Pimentel
            
             to
             advance
             himself
             with
             Salamanca
             .
             The
             Abbat
             of
             Compludo
             to
             be
             made
             Bishop
             of
             
               Zamora
               .
               El
               Licenciado
               Bernardino
            
             to
             bee
             Judg
             in
             
               Valladolid
               .
               Ramiro
               Nuniez
            
             that
             hee
             might
             possess
             himself
             of
             Leon
             ,
             and
             
               Carlos
               de
               Arellano
            
             bee
             Lord
             of
             Soria
             .
             Thus
             their
             tongues
             went
             nimbler
             then
             their
             hands
             (
             except
             when
             they
             were
             asleep
             )
             breeding
             and
             brewing
             a
             world
             of
             mischiefs
             .
             And
             divers
             Gentlemen
             found
             themselvs
             so
             far
             ingaged
             already
             in
             this
             disorder
             ,
             that
             they
             could
             not
             with
             honor
             withdraw
             themselvs
             ,
             neither
             could
             they
             tell
             whom
             to
             trust
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXV
             .
          
           
             BEfore
             I
             proceed
             any
             further
             with
             the
             Historie
             ,
             of
             what
             was
             done
             by
             the
             Commonalties
             in
             Castilla
             ,
             I
             wil
             here
             describe
             the
             particulars
             of
             the
             insurrection
             of
             the
             Citie
             and
             Kingdom
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             in
             regard
             it
             was
             the
             blindest
             and
             most
             pernicious
             of
             all
             Spain
             ,
             and
             although
             some
             have
             written
             very
             dolefull
             and
             lamentable
             memorials
             thereof
             ,
             they
             do
             not
             mention
             half
             what
             there
             befell
             .
             Several
             prodigious
             signs
             presaged
             this
             miserable
             dissention
             in
             Valencia
             .
             In
             the
             yeare
             1517.
             
             The
             river
             which
             runneth
             by
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             so
             shallow
             that
             somtimes
             there
             is
             scarse
             any
             water
             ,
             on
             a
             sodain
             swelled
             ,
             and
             overflowed
             the
             bankes
             in
             such
             manner
             ,
             that
             it
             put
             those
             
             of
             Valencia
             to
             the
             greatest
             shift
             and
             streight
             ,
             
             that
             ever
             they
             had
             been
             reduced
             to
             in
             former
             ages
             .
             Manie
             daies
             and
             nights
             ,
             was
             seen
             running
             along
             the
             streets
             a
             furious
             great
             Lyon
             ,
             which
             made
             so
             hideous
             a
             roaring
             that
             the
             people
             ran
             trembling
             away
             from
             it
             ,
             and
             if
             any
             had
             the
             courage
             to
             stay
             ,
             and
             see
             what
             it
             would
             do
             ,
             they
             could
             see
             nothing
             .
             Other
             strange
             sights
             were
             likewise
             reported
             to
             have
             been
             observed
             there
             in
             the
             yeares
             1517
             ,
             and
             1518.
             
             You
             have
             heard
             how
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             before
             his
             departure
             from
             the
             Groyn
             ,
             appointed
             for
             Vice-Roy
             of
             
               Valencia
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Mendosa
            
             ,
             son
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Gonsalez
               de
               Mendosa
            
             ,
             and
             brother
             to
             
               Don
               Rodrigo
               Marquis
            
             of
             Cenete
             .
             Who
             executing
             his
             command
             and
             charge
             in
             Valencia
             ,
             
             whenas
             the
             people
             ,
             already
             linked
             in
             a
             Confederaoie
             ,
             began
             to
             stand
             in
             a
             competition
             with
             the
             Nobles
             ,
             to
             molest
             and
             prosecute
             the
             Gentrie
             ,
             abusing
             their
             servants
             and
             vassals
             with
             great
             audacitie
             and
             disrespect
             :
             It
             hapned
             that
             two
             Morisco's
             vvho
             belonged
             to
             
               Don
               Ramon
               de
               Cardona
            
             ,
             Lord
             of
             Castalla
             ,
             passing
             along
             the
             street
             of
             
               Nuestra
               Seniora
               de
               Gracia
            
             ,
             which
             was
             in
             that
             part
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             where
             most
             of
             the
             meaner
             sort
             of
             people
             lived
             ;
             Some
             Trades-men
             ,
             that
             were
             working
             at
             their
             dores
             ,
             flouted
             and
             laughed
             at
             them
             as
             they
             used
             to
             do
             ,
             but
             the
             Morisco's
             answering
             them
             they
             presently
             rose
             in
             Arms
             ,
             and
             cut
             one
             of
             them
             so
             grievously
             that
             hee
             died
             ;
             And
             beeing
             about
             to
             kill
             the
             other
             also
             ,
             who
             defended
             himself
             ,
             a
             man
             by
             chance
             passing
             by
             (
             whose
             name
             was
             
               Diego
               Pisador
            
             ,
             by
             trade
             a
             salt-maker
             )
             took
             compassion
             of
             the
             poor
             fellow
             ,
             and
             did
             what
             hee
             could
             to
             defend
             him
             .
             Whereat
             those
             Towns-men
             were
             so
             incensed
             that
             leaving
             the
             other
             they
             ran
             after
             this
             
               Diego
               Pisador
            
             ,
             following
             him
             quite
             through
             the
             Citie
             to
             his
             own
             hous
             (
             whither
             hee
             fled
             to
             save
             his
             life
             )
             and
             fell
             a
             storming
             it
             in
             a
             furious
             manner
             about
             mid
             daie
             ,
             the
             officers
             of
             Justice
             not
             daring
             to
             gain-saie
             them
             .
             The
             Priests
             of
             St
             Nicholas
             Church
             (
             which
             was
             close
             by
             that
             hous
             )
             came
             forth
             all
             with
             the
             Holie
             Sacrament
             ,
             at
             the
             nois
             of
             this
             Combustion
             ,
             to
             pacifie
             the
             furie
             of
             the
             People
             ,
             which
             their
             presence
             and
             intreaties
             did
             somwhat
             mitigate
             .
             But
             
               Diego
               Pisador
            
             ,
             not
             holding
             himself
             secure
             in
             
             his
             hous
             ,
             thought
             it
             a
             safer
             waie
             to
             take
             sanctuary
             in
             the
             Church
             ;
             so
             beeing
             come
             down
             ,
             the
             Priest
             that
             carried
             the
             Sacrament
             ,
             took
             him
             next
             unto
             him
             ,
             and
             ●o
             advanced
             towards
             the
             Church
             ;
             which
             the
             people
             seeing
             ,
             they
             violently
             ran
             again
             upon
             him
             ,
             and
             killed
             him
             with
             their
             daggers
             .
             Upon
             this
             ,
             came
             amongst
             them
             one
             Avendanio
             a
             Cloath-worker
             ,
             who
             was
             the
             Autor
             and
             chief
             of
             this
             confedracie
             (
             it
             vvas
             thought
             )
             to
             hinder
             and
             keep
             them
             from
             doing
             mischief
             ,
             but
             seeing
             that
             man
             so
             barbarosly
             killed
             ,
             hee
             vvent
             presently
             into
             a
             hous
             ,
             vvhere
             hee
             burst
             and
             died
             miserably
             (
             som
             saie
             )
             for
             anger
             and
             grief
             ,
             to
             see
             such
             excessive
             disorder
             .
             These
             and
             manie
             other
             such
             like
             outrages
             vvere
             done
             by
             the
             People
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             before
             the
             ●mperor
             departed
             ,
             whereof
             his
             Majestie
             was
             advertised
             by
             the
             Nobles
             and
             Gentlemen
             of
             that
             Citie
             ;
             and
             hee
             referred
             it
             to
             Xeures
             ,
             but
             hee
             beeing
             more
             sollicitous
             for
             the
             transporting
             of
             his
             treasure
             ,
             then
             the
             remedying
             of
             the
             troubles
             in
             Spain
             ,
             neglected
             it
             .
             All
             that
             was
             ordered
             herein
             ,
             was
             to
             remit
             the
             quelling
             and
             reducing
             that
             People
             to
             reason
             ,
             to
             the
             care
             of
             the
             
               Infante
               Dou
               Enrique
               ,
               Duke
            
             of
             Sego●be
             ,
             but
             the
             People
             beeing
             launched
             into
             the
             depth
             of
             mischief
             ,
             slighted
             his
             Autoritie
             ;
             which
             manifestly
             declared
             the
             rebellion
             and
             pernicious
             intentions
             of
             that
             Confederacie
             .
             Soon
             after
             ,
             a
             man
             condemned
             for
             haynous
             crimes
             beeing
             led
             along
             to
             execution
             ,
             the
             People
             came
             out
             with
             Arms
             ,
             and
             rescued
             him
             from
             the
             officers
             of
             Justice
             ,
             abusing
             and
             ill
             treating
             them
             in
             a
             horrid
             manner
             .
             No
             Noblemen
             or
             Gentlemen
             could
             pass
             through
             the
             streets
             ,
             but
             those
             of
             the
             Confederacie
             would
             deride
             and
             flout
             them
             with
             base
             reviling
             language
             .
             Insomuch
             that
             a
             Hat-maker's
             wife
             ,
             dressing
             a
             Hat
             at
             the
             door
             ,
             with
             her
             children
             about
             her
             ,
             as
             some
             Gentlemen
             were
             going
             by
             ,
             shee
             bid
             the
             children
             look
             at
             those
             men
             that
             passed
             there
             ,
             and
             the
             boyes
             asking
             her
             why
             shee
             bid
             them
             look
             at
             them
             ,
             shee
             answered
             ,
             Becaus
             when
             you
             are
             grown
             up
             to
             bee
             men
             ,
             you
             may
             say
             ,
             that
             you
             have
             seen
             Gentlemen
             .
             This
             the
             woman
             said
             ,
             becaus
             the
             Common
             People
             were
             then
             in
             the
             minde
             to
             destroie
             all
             the
             
             Gentrie
             of
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             root
             and
             branch
             .
             Avendanio
             the
             Cloth-worker
             beeing
             dead
             ,
             the
             Confederates
             chose
             another
             Captain
             ,
             one
             of
             the
             same
             trade
             as
             the
             former
             ,
             his
             name
             was
             Sorolla
             ,
             a
             pestilent
             audacious
             villain
             ,
             who
             amongst
             other
             wicked
             facts
             ,
             went
             to
             the
             Citie
             Hall
             ,
             when
             they
             were
             consulting
             about
             the
             Election
             of
             Iurates
             ,
             and
             with
             a
             confident
             impudence
             told
             those
             of
             the
             Regimiento
             ,
             in
             the
             name
             of
             his
             Confederacie
             ,
             that
             if
             they
             did
             not
             admit
             them
             to
             bee
             of
             the
             Regimiento
             ,
             those
             stones
             should
             flow
             with
             blood
             .
             And
             his
             threats
             were
             accomplished
             ;
             for
             they
             made
             their
             Election
             according
             to
             the
             rights
             and
             custom
             of
             the
             Citie
             .
             Whereat
             the
             people
             were
             so
             enraged
             ,
             that
             they
             committed
             those
             outrages
             which
             shall
             bee
             set
             down
             hereafter
             .
             In
             this
             distemper
             and
             extravagant
             hare-brainedness
             ,
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Mendosa
            
             found
             the
             mindes
             of
             the
             people
             in
             Valencia
             ,
             when
             hee
             came
             to
             bee
             their
             Governor
             .
             
               Sorolla
               ,
               Vicente
               Periz
            
             ,
             one
             
               Iohn
               Caro
            
             ,
             and
             other
             leading
             men
             of
             the
             Confederacie
             ,
             understanding
             that
             the
             Vice-Roy
             had
             been
             fully
             informed
             of
             their
             demeanors
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             state
             of
             things
             ,
             but
             yet
             dissembled
             the
             knowledg
             thereof
             out
             of
             fear
             ,
             considering
             what
             power
             and
             credite
             their
             Confederacie
             had
             with
             the
             people
             :
             they
             complotted
             that
             Sorolla
             should
             hide
             himself
             in
             his
             own
             hous
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             rest
             should
             go
             up
             and
             down
             the
             Citie
             and
             acquaint
             all
             his
             friends
             and
             allies
             that
             the
             Vice-Roy
             had
             sent
             for
             Sorolla
             ,
             and
             that
             (
             as
             they
             were
             informed
             )
             hee
             either
             had
             already
             hanged
             him
             ,
             or
             was
             then
             about
             it
             ,
             and
             that
             for
             manie
             respects
             ,
             they
             ought
             not
             to
             let
             such
             a
             man
             suffer
             ,
             who
             was
             the
             defendor
             and
             mainteiner
             of
             the
             publick
             good
             .
             This
             report
             beeing
             thus
             cunningly
             spread
             through
             the
             whole
             Citie
             ,
             so
             incensed
             the
             people's
             mindes
             ,
             that
             in
             an
             instant
             all
             was
             up
             in
             Arms
             ,
             Drums
             beating
             ,
             and
             Colours
             flying
             ,
             and
             in
             this
             manner
             they
             marched
             to
             the
             Vice-Roy's
             hous
             ,
             crying
             out
             ,
             
               Let
               the
               Vice-Roy
               die
               ,
               if
               hee
               deliver
               us
               not
               Sorolla
               .
            
             The
             Vice-Roy
             ,
             and
             som
             Gentlemen
             that
             were
             in
             the
             hous
             at
             that
             time
             with
             him
             ,
             besides
             his
             servants
             ,
             defended
             the
             windows
             and
             doors
             ,
             where
             the
             assault
             was
             hottest
             all
             daie
             long
             ,
             and
             night
             beeing
             com
             (
             as
             God
             would
             have
             it
             )
             a
             good
             woman
             one
             
             of
             Sorolla's
             neighbors
             ,
             who
             having
             seen
             him
             in
             his
             hous
             ,
             and
             hearing
             that
             the
             people
             were
             storming
             the
             Vice-Roy's
             ●alace
             for
             hanging
             Sorolla
             ,
             shee
             went
             to
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Segorbe
             ,
             who
             lived
             close
             by
             ,
             and
             told
             him
             that
             shee
             had
             seen
             Sorolla
             safe
             and
             sound
             in
             his
             own
             hous
             but
             a
             little
             before
             .
             Hereupon
             the
             Bishop
             went
             presently
             to
             Sorolla's
             hous
             ,
             which
             hee
             caused
             to
             bee
             broken
             open
             ,
             and
             finding
             where
             hee
             had
             hidden
             himself
             ,
             hee
             chid
             him
             throughly
             for
             his
             mischievous
             villanie
             ,
             but
             hee
             excusing
             himself
             ,
             said
             ,
             hee
             durst
             not
             go
             out
             of
             his
             doors
             .
             The
             Bishop
             immediately
             gave
             order
             to
             saddle
             his
             mules
             ,
             and
             riding
             upon
             one
             himself
             ,
             and
             Sorolla
             on
             the
             other
             ,
             with
             manie
             Halbards
             attending
             him
             ,
             hee
             carried
             him
             quite
             through
             the
             Citie
             to
             the
             Vice-Roy's
             hous
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             the
             people
             might
             see
             -
             Sorolla
             was
             neither
             dead
             nor
             a
             prisoner
             in
             the
             Vice-Roy's
             hous
             .
             The
             Confederates
             seeing
             him
             alive
             ,
             with
             much
             joie
             they
             raised
             their
             siege
             ,
             which
             had
             continued
             all
             daie
             and
             almost
             all
             night
             .
             After
             this
             they
             rescued
             a
             man
             likewise
             ,
             condemned
             to
             death
             for
             hainous
             crimes
             ,
             whom
             ,
             in
             regard
             hee
             had
             manie
             friends
             and
             kindred
             in
             the
             Cite
             ,
             the
             Vice-Roy
             had
             commanded
             to
             bee
             hanged
             assoon
             as
             he
             had
             confessed
             ,
             lest
             his
             friends
             should
             petition
             for
             him
             before
             hee
             was
             dead
             .
             The
             thirteen
             Sindicos
             and
             Sorolla
             gave
             out
             ,
             
             that
             this
             man
             was
             condemned
             ,
             and
             to
             bee
             executed
             wrongfully
             ,
             which
             the
             people
             hearing
             ,
             went
             pre●ently
             (
             all
             armed
             )
             to
             the
             prison
             and
             released
             him
             .
             T●en
             beeing
             possessed
             that
             the
             Vice
             Roy
             was
             about
             raising
             men
             to
             subdue
             them
             ,
             they
             environed
             his
             hous
             ,
             and
             put
             him
             to
             his
             shifts
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             forced
             to
             send
             his
             Ladie
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             hee
             not
             daring
             to
             staie
             long
             after
             her
             ,
             with
             much
             ado
             escaped
             ,
             riding
             behinde
             another
             Gentleman
             upon
             a
             mule
             .
             Hee
             having
             left
             the
             Citie
             in
             this
             manner
             ,
             all
             the
             Nobles
             and
             Gentrie
             followed
             him
             with
             their
             wives
             and
             Children
             ,
             retiring
             every
             one
             to
             their
             own
             houses
             .
             The
             Vice-Roy
             beeing
             of
             kin
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Cozentayna
             ,
             carried
             the
             Vice-Queen
             to
             his
             hous
             .
             The
             other
             Gentlemen
             having
             left
             their
             wives
             and
             children
             in
             secure
             places
             ,
             with
             what
             arms
             ,
             horses
             ,
             and
             men
             they
             could
             get
             toget●er
             ,
             repaired
             
             som
             to
             the
             Vice-Roy
             ,
             others
             to
             the
             
               Infante
               Don
               Enrique
            
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Segorbe
               Don
               Alonso
            
             ,
             agreeing
             all
             unanimously
             to
             adhere
             to
             the
             Emperor's
             service
             against
             the
             Rebels
             .
             All
             these
             Gentlemen's
             houses
             within
             the
             Citie
             ,
             the
             people
             plucked
             down
             or
             burned
             ,
             and
             plundered
             their
             goods
             ;
             a
             thousand
             more
             abominable
             mischiefs
             they
             did
             ,
             which
             I
             am
             ashamed
             to
             relate
             (
             so
             cruel
             and
             unruly
             is
             that
             Beast
             ,
             the
             Common
             People
             when
             it
             hath
             broke
             the
             bridle
             .
             )
             They
             armed
             all
             the
             slaves
             ,
             and
             received
             manie
             Moriscos
             for
             souldiers
             .
             From
             Cozentayna
             the
             Vice-Roy
             went
             to
             Xativa
             ;
             the
             Inhabitants
             of
             that
             Citie
             desired
             him
             to
             give
             them
             leav
             to
             muster
             upon
             St
             Bartholomew's
             daie
             ,
             which
             hee
             denying
             ,
             they
             marched
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             in
             despight
             and
             contempt
             of
             him
             ,
             and
             mustered
             before
             his
             face
             .
             The
             Vice-Roy
             hereupon
             ,
             fearing
             a
             second
             trick
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             retired
             into
             the
             Fort
             ,
             which
             those
             of
             Xativa
             perceiving
             ,
             they
             proclaimed
             ,
             that
             no
             bodie
             ,
             under
             pain
             of
             death
             ,
             should
             furnish
             him
             with
             victuals
             ,
             or
             anie
             provision
             whatsoëver
             .
             Hereupon
             hee
             went
             from
             thence
             to
             Denia
             ,
             becaus
             if
             hee
             was
             pursued
             by
             land
             ,
             hee
             might
             escape
             thence
             by
             sea
             .
             Those
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             hearing
             that
             the
             Vice-Roy
             was
             fled
             to
             Denia
             ,
             after
             that
             Xativa
             had
             rebelled
             against
             him
             ,
             resolved
             to
             seiz
             upon
             all
             the
             King's
             Revenues
             and
             Customs
             :
             which
             to
             effect
             ,
             they
             went
             to
             the
             Custom
             houses
             and
             broke
             the
             Records
             ,
             took
             away
             the
             Books
             ,
             and
             spoke
             words
             which
             were
             wors
             then
             their
             deeds
             .
             Those
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             seeing
             themselvs
             masters
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             the
             Vice-Roy
             and
             all
             the
             Gentrie
             beeing
             gone
             ,
             they
             ordered
             the
             Government
             thereof
             .
             They
             appointed
             thirteen
             persons
             to
             govern
             and
             defend
             it
             ,
             whom
             they
             call'd
             the
             Thirteen
             of
             the
             Confederacie
             .
             These
             Thirteen
             chose
             for
             the
             General
             of
             their
             Armie
             
               Iohn
               Caro
            
             ,
             (
             who
             was
             a
             Sugar-baker
             )
             and
             held
             intelligence
             with
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             :
             Insomuch
             that
             assoon
             as
             the
             news
             was
             heard
             of
             the
             Rebellion
             of
             Valencia
             and
             Xativa
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Vice-Roy
             was
             fled
             ,
             presently
             the
             Citie
             of
             Oribuela
             &
             the
             Marquisat
             of
             Helche
             did
             the
             like
             ,
             and
             at
             length
             there
             was
             no
             Citie
             or
             Town
             but
             rebelled
             also
             ,
             in
             imitation
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             treating
             the
             Gentrie
             and
             nobler
             Citizens
             with
             the
             like
             dis-respect
             and
             tyrannie
             .
             And
             the
             Gentrie
             ,
             with
             
             their
             servants
             ,
             arms
             ,
             goods
             ,
             and
             all
             they
             could
             get
             ,
             joined
             together
             in
             their
             King's
             service
             .
             So
             that
             (
             which
             is
             a
             thing
             worthie
             of
             note
             and
             esteem
             )
             there
             was
             not
             one
             Gentleman
             ,
             nor
             person
             of
             any
             birth
             or
             qualitie
             through
             that
             whole
             Kingdom
             that
             sided
             with
             that
             vile
             Commonaltie
             ,
             but
             valiantly
             and
             unanimously
             ventured
             their
             lives
             and
             fortunes
             in
             their
             Prince's
             service
             ,
             although
             hee
             was
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ;
             they
             suffered
             patiently
             their
             houses
             to
             bee
             pulled
             down
             ,
             their
             goods
             to
             bee
             burned
             ,
             their
             towns
             destroied
             ,
             and
             all
             to
             shew
             their
             fidelitie
             to
             their
             King.
             The
             Citie
             of
             Oribuela
             chose
             for
             their
             Captain
             one
             Palomares
             ,
             who
             made
             himself
             so
             absolute
             Lord
             of
             those
             people
             (
             beeing
             but
             a
             poor
             Serving-man
             )
             that
             oftentimes
             hee
             drew
             out
             five
             thousand
             men
             into
             the
             field
             to
             fight
             ,
             though
             hee
             paied
             dearly
             for
             it
             afterwards
             .
             The
             Confederates
             ,
             having
             lost
             their
             respect
             to
             the
             Vice-Roy
             ,
             agreed
             to
             lose
             likewise
             the
             fear
             of
             God.
             They
             made
             a
             Conspiracie
             amongst
             them
             ,
             the
             result
             whereof
             was
             to
             rob
             and
             take
             away
             all
             the
             riches
             of
             the
             Monasteries
             and
             Churches
             .
             Which
             beeing
             discovered
             ,
             the
             loial
             Partie
             desired
             
               Don
               Rodrigo
               de
               Mendosa
            
             Marquess
             of
             Cenete
             ,
             to
             take
             upon
             him
             the
             Autoritie
             of
             the
             Justice
             for
             the
             King
             ,
             which
             hee
             did
             ,
             and
             like
             a
             good
             resolute
             Gentleman
             ,
             hee
             hung
             up
             three
             or
             four
             of
             the
             chief
             Conspirators
             ,
             and
             so
             the
             robberie
             which
             they
             intended
             was
             prevented
             ,
             and
             the
             Citie
             quieted
             for
             certain
             daies
             .
             But
             soon
             after
             the
             Confederates
             marched
             into
             the
             field
             towards
             Denia
             ,
             to
             drive
             the
             Vice-Roy
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             Ten
             thousand
             men
             in
             Arms
             Valencia
             furnished
             to
             that
             effect
             .
             The
             Clergie
             with
             their
             Hoods
             upon
             their
             heads
             ,
             and
             Crosses
             in
             their
             hands
             ,
             stood
             all
             at
             the
             gate
             of
             
               San
               Vicente
            
             ,
             and
             as
             the
             Confederates
             passed
             by
             them
             ,
             the
             Priests
             and
             Friers
             said
             to
             them
             ,
             Sirs
             !
             
               Misericordia
               ,
               Misericordia
            
             ;
             and
             they
             answered
             ,
             swearing
             ,
             
               Cuerpo
               de
               Dios
               ,
               Iusticia
               ,
               Iusticia
               .
            
             And
             indeed
             God's
             Justice
             did
             abundantly
             fall
             upon
             their
             heads
             ;
             for
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             those
             that
             answered
             so
             ,
             were
             either
             killed
             in
             battle
             ,
             or
             executed
             by
             Justice
             afterwards
             .
             
               Iohn
               Caro
            
             and
             Sorolla
             were
             Captains
             of
             this
             Armie
             .
             The
             Confederates
             having
             the
             sole
             power
             and
             command
             of
             
               Valencia
               ,
               Iohn
               
               Caro
            
             was
             sent
             with
             a
             sufficient
             force
             to
             besiege
             the
             Castle
             of
             Corbera
             ,
             six
             leagues
             from
             Valencia
             ,
             which
             while
             hee
             was
             battering
             with
             some
             peeces
             of
             Artillerie
             ,
             
               Don
               Geronimo
               Vique
            
             (
             who
             at
             that
             time
             was
             at
             a
             Monasterie
             of
             Friers
             of
             the
             order
             of
             
               San
               Geronimo
            
             ,
             half
             a
             league
             from
             the
             Castle
             )
             desired
             to
             speak
             with
             him
             ,
             who
             ,
             overcom
             with
             his
             persuasions
             and
             powerful
             reasons
             ,
             raised
             his
             siege
             .
             Which
             the
             Thirteen
             of
             the
             Confederacie
             hearing
             ,
             took
             t●e
             Office
             of
             Captain
             General
             from
             
               Iohn
               Caro
            
             ,
             and
             conferred
             it
             upon
             Sorolla
             .
             By
             this
             time
             the
             Vice-Roy
             ,
             with
             some
             forces
             ,
             which
             hee
             had
             raised
             ,
             was
             came
             to
             Gandia
             ,
             to
             succor
             the
             Castle
             of
             Corbera
             ;
             And
             Sorolla
             with
             his
             Armie
             went
             seeking
             the
             Vice-Roy
             :
             as
             hee
             passed
             hee
             ruined
             and
             spoyled
             all
             the
             places
             ,
             that
             belonged
             to
             
               Don
               Geronimo
               Vique
            
             ,
             becaus
             hee
             had
             persuaded
             
               Iohn
               Caro
            
             to
             leave
             the
             Castle
             .
             At
             last
             coming
             to
             Gandia
             ,
             hee
             met
             with
             the
             Vice-Roy's
             Armie
             and
             gave
             them
             battle
             ,
             wherein
             manie
             were
             killed
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             but
             at
             length
             the
             Confederates
             won
             the
             daie
             ,
             and
             the
             Vice-Roy
             ,
             with
             the
             Earl
             of
             Oliva
             ,
             and
             divers
             other
             Lords
             and
             Gentlemen
             that
             remained
             alive
             ,
             were
             inforced
             to
             retreat
             to
             Denia
             ,
             whither
             Sorolla
             with
             his
             men
             still
             pu●sued
             them
             .
             And
             beeing
             arrived
             at
             a
             town
             called
             Vergel
             (
             one
             league
             short
             of
             Denia
             )
             
               Mossen
               Baltazar
               Vives
            
             ,
             Lord
             of
             that
             place
             ,
             refreshed
             them
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             conveied
             them
             safe
             to
             Denia
             ,
             where
             hee
             imbarked
             for
             Peniscola
             ,
             whence
             they
             w●nt
             to
             the
             town
             of
             Morella
             ,
             where
             they
             raised
             more
             men
             .
             Sorolla
             returned
             to
             Valencia
             ,
             where
             hee
             entered
             with
             his
             Armie
             very
             joiful
             and
             content
             with
             his
             conquest
             .
             By
             this
             time
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Segorbe
               Don
               Alonso
               de
               Aragon
            
             was
             com
             into
             the
             field
             with
             above
             four
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             and
             divers
             gentlemen
             with
             their
             servants
             and
             others
             on
             hors-back
             ,
             to
             the
             number
             of
             one
             hundred
             and
             sixtie
             ,
             whereof
             was
             Captain
             
               Don
               Jayme
               Ferrer
            
             ,
             son
             to
             
               Don
               Luis
               Ferrer
            
             ,
             who
             was
             Lord
             Steward
             to
             the
             Queen
             
               Donia
               Iuana
            
             ,
             at
             Tordesillas
             .
             And
             beeing
             quartered
             at
             Almenara
             ,
             a
             league
             and
             half
             from
             Monviedro
             with
             intent
             to
             besiege
             it
             ,
             which
             was
             the
             strongest
             and
             most
             considerable
             Fort
             the
             Confederates
             had
             ,
             but
             four
             leagues
             from
             Valencia
             ;
             notice
             was
             given
             him
             that
             the
             enemie
             appeared
             with
             no
             less
             then
             
             eight
             thousand
             Foot
             and
             some
             Hors
             ,
             fleshed
             with
             their
             Victorie
             over
             the
             Vice-Roy
             ,
             and
             recruited
             with
             many
             fresh
             men
             from
             Valencia
             .
             Whereupon
             the
             Duke
             sent
             
               Don
               Iayme
            
             with
             the
             Hors
             to
             discover
             ,
             and
             according
             to
             his
             advice
             ,
             hee
             would
             follow
             as
             speedily
             as
             might
             bee
             with
             the
             Foot.
             This
             was
             carried
             with
             so
             much
             discretion
             and
             valor
             ,
             that
             the
             Duke
             gave
             them
             an
             absolute
             rout
             ,
             leaving
             above
             five
             thousand
             men
             dead
             upon
             the
             place
             ,
             for
             which
             it
             is
             called
             to
             this
             daie
             ,
             
               The
               field
               of
               slaughter
            
             .
             This
             Victorie
             restored
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             which
             if
             it
             had
             otherwise
             succeeded
             ,
             the
             Common
             People
             had
             become
             absolute
             Masters
             without
             any
             contradiction
             .
             Things
             beeing
             in
             this
             condition
             ,
             the
             Vice-Roy
             returned
             with
             a
             fresh
             supplie
             ,
             and
             incamped
             his
             Armie
             about
             Alcira
             and
             Xativa
             ;
             The
             People
             were
             somwhat
             amazed
             ,
             and
             startled
             at
             the
             rout
             the
             Duke
             had
             given
             them
             .
             Yet
             those
             of
             Alcira
             and
             Xativa
             marched
             out
             very
             strong
             to
             meet
             with
             the
             Vice-Roy
             ,
             and
             finding
             him
             a
             league
             from
             the
             Citie
             ,
             they
             gave
             him
             battle
             ,
             the
             conflict
             was
             so
             hot
             ,
             and
             so
             well
             maintained
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             hard
             to
             saie
             which
             had
             the
             advantage
             ,
             the
             combate
             continued
             all
             daie
             ,
             and
             at
             night
             both
             Armies
             beeing
             very
             wearie
             ,
             and
             great
             store
             of
             men
             hurt
             ,
             they
             were
             both
             glad
             to
             retreat
             ,
             seeking
             refreshment
             and
             medicaments
             to
             dress
             their
             wounded
             men
             .
             About
             this
             time
             the
             Cities
             of
             Oribuela
             and
             Alicante
             ,
             with
             all
             the
             Towns
             and
             Places
             under
             their
             jurisdiction
             ,
             associated
             themselvs
             with
             the
             People
             of
             Valencia
             .
             But
             all
             the
             Gentrie
             and
             persons
             of
             qualitie
             followed
             their
             Governor
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Masa
            
             ,
             who
             was
             inforced
             to
             quit
             those
             two
             Cities
             ,
             and
             the
             Castle
             of
             Oribuela
             ,
             whereof
             hee
             was
             Governor
             .
             But
             
               Don
               Iayme
               de
               Puyg
            
             ,
             a
             valorous
             Gentleman
             (
             who
             was
             Lievtenant
             of
             the
             Castle
             under
             the
             Governor
             )
             with
             fifteen
             or
             sixteen
             men
             defended
             himself
             gallantly
             against
             the
             furie
             of
             the
             Common
             people
             ,
             when
             in
             their
             violentest
             heat
             they
             killed
             ,
             burned
             and
             sacked
             the
             Gentlemen's
             houses
             .
             The
             
               Marquis
               de
               los
               Velez
               ,
               Don
               Pedro
               Faxardo
               ,
               Adelantado
               Mayor
            
             (
             that
             is
             Lord
             Deputie
             or
             Lord
             Lievtenant
             )
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Murcia
             ,
             having
             
             notice
             of
             the
             rising
             of
             Oribuela
             ,
             levied
             what
             force
             hee
             could
             ,
             and
             marched
             to
             reliev
             the
             distressed
             Gentrie
             ,
             having
             order
             from
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             to
             assist
             the
             Governor
             of
             Oribuela
             upon
             all
             occasions
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Maca
            
             with
             his
             hors
             ,
             beeing
             joyned
             with
             the
             
               Marquis
               de
               los
               Velez
            
             ,
             the
             Common
             People
             of
             Oribuela
             ,
             and
             the
             jurisdiction
             thereof
             ,
             (
             who
             were
             above
             eight
             thousand
             )
             marched
             in
             pursuit
             of
             them
             to
             the
             top
             of
             a
             mountain
             ,
             called
             Rajolar
             ,
             with
             intent
             to
             give
             them
             battle
             ,
             their
             intilligence
             assuring
             them
             that
             they
             were
             far
             the
             greater
             number
             .
             The
             Governor
             advised
             with
             the
             Marquis
             about
             relieving
             the
             Castle
             of
             Oribuela
             ,
             which
             was
             in
             great
             necessitie
             ,
             every
             one
             of
             his
             Troopers
             carrying
             in
             ,
             a
             sack
             of
             provision
             behinde
             him
             ,
             whilest
             the
             Marquess
             amused
             the
             enemie
             with
             skirmishes
             ,
             for
             hee
             doubted
             not
             to
             bee
             back
             with
             him
             time
             enough
             to
             discomfit
             them
             .
             This
             was
             don
             accordingly
             ,
             and
             beeing
             drawn
             up
             in
             Batalia
             ,
             the
             Marquis
             secured
             the
             waie
             to
             the
             Castle
             ,
             that
             the
             Governor
             might
             go
             thither
             with
             his
             Hors
             ,
             and
             having
             put
             in
             his
             provisions
             ,
             return
             to
             the
             battle
             ,
             which
             was
             dexterously
             and
             successively
             effected
             ,
             with
             the
             slaughter
             of
             above
             four
             thousand
             of
             the
             Rebells
             :
             So
             the
             Marquis
             cleared
             all
             the
             Countrie
             about
             Oribu●la
             .
             But
             seeing
             how
             infected
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             was
             ,
             and
             what
             multitudes
             of
             people
             were
             com
             in
             to
             the
             Commoners
             ,
             encouraged
             by
             their
             Victorie
             (
             for
             it
             is
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             Common
             people
             to
             follow
             the
             strongest
             partie
             )
             he
             advanced
             higher
             into
             the
             Countrie
             with
             his
             Armie
             ,
             which
             daily
             increased
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             before
             hee
             could
             reach
             Valencia
             ,
             hee
             had
             above
             eleven
             thousand
             men
             and
             thirteen
             pieces
             of
             Ordnance
             ,
             wherewith
             hee
             encamped
             at
             a
             place
             called
             Paterna
             ,
             within
             sight
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             and
             sent
             the
             Citie
             a
             Summons
             ,
             which
             beeing
             surrendred
             upon
             Articles
             ,
             and
             the
             Vice-Roy
             repossessed
             of
             his
             Command
             ,
             the
             Marquis
             returned
             with
             his
             Armie
             to
             Murcia
             .
             After
             his
             departure
             ,
             the
             Articles
             beeing
             not
             well
             performed
             ,
             the
             Confederates
             retired
             themselvs
             to
             Xativa
             ,
             where
             they
             chose
             for
             their
             Captain
             one
             
               Vicente
               Perez
            
             a
             fellow
             whose
             trade
             was
             to
             gather
             Acorns
             .
             They
             assaulted
             and
             entred
             the
             Fort
             ,
             it
             beeing
             ill
             provided
             .
             Besides
             the
             aforementioned
             ,
             
             there
             were
             divers
             strange
             presages
             in
             Valencia
             of
             these
             prodigious
             disorders
             ;
             amongst
             others
             ,
             upon
             a
             Tuesda●e
             the
             27
             of
             Maie
             in
             the
             evening
             ,
             a
             Thunder-bolt
             fell
             upon
             a
             Church
             called
             
               El
               Asseu
               de
               Valencia
            
             ,
             
             which
             threw
             down
             one
             of
             the
             Pinnacles
             ,
             and
             burst
             the
             Clock
             in
             pieces
             .
             Upon
             a
             Fridaie
             morning
             in
             the
             same
             month
             ,
             fell
             a
             sudden
             storm
             of
             hail
             ,
             with
             most
             terrible
             Thunder-claps
             ,
             after
             which
             ,
             in
             a
             ground
             betwixt
             the
             Countie
             of
             Oliva
             and
             Dutchie
             of
             Gandia
             ,
             were
             found
             three
             stones
             (
             which
             fell
             from
             the
             skie
             )
             in
             colour
             and
             make
             like
             flints
             .
             
               Fray
               Antonio
               de
               Guevara
            
             Chronicler
             to
             his
             Imperial
             Majestie
             ,
             and
             Bishop
             of
             Mondoniedo
             ,
             reporteth
             ,
             that
             hee
             saw
             one
             of
             them
             hung
             in
             a
             chain
             in
             
               Santa
               Maria
            
             Church
             ,
             a
             league
             from
             Oliva
             ,
             which
             weighed
             no
             less
             then
             five
             and
             twentie
             pounds
             .
             The
             passage
             which
             I
             am
             now
             about
             to
             relate
             is
             so
             remarkable
             ,
             that
             men
             cannot
             but
             admire
             the
             blindness
             which
             possessed
             the
             miserable
             people
             that
             affected
             these
             novelties
             and
             Insurrections
             .
             There
             was
             nothing
             more
             certainly
             known
             in
             Spain
             ,
             then
             that
             the
             Prince
             
               Don
               Iohn
            
             (
             onely
             issue
             male
             of
             his
             father
             and
             mother
             ,
             the
             Catholick
             Kings
             ,
             and
             immediate
             Heir
             to
             these
             Kingdoms
             )
             died
             at
             Salamanca
             ,
             to
             the
             exceeding
             grief
             and
             resentment
             of
             his
             parents
             and
             all
             Spain
             ,
             and
             in
             those
             daies
             there
             was
             no
             further
             scruple
             or
             question
             thereof
             .
             But
             since
             in
             the
             time
             of
             these
             unhappie
             Commotions
             ,
             the
             Confederates
             of
             Valencia
             were
             so
             besotted
             ,
             that
             a
             strange
             mean
             fellow
             of
             no
             accompt
             (
             who
             came
             in
             a
             fugitive
             manner
             out
             of
             Africa
             ,
             and
             associated
             himself
             with
             them
             )
             that
             they
             received
             him
             ,
             and
             beleiving
             ,
             or
             seeming
             to
             believ
             him
             ,
             to
             bee
             the
             
               Prince
               Don
               Iohn
            
             ,
             they
             swore
             allegeance
             to
             him
             ,
             as
             King
             ,
             and
             hee
             Commanded
             and
             ruled
             over
             them
             for
             two
             years
             ,
             until
             hee
             met
             with
             the
             end
             hee
             deserved
             ,
             as
             shall
             bee
             seen
             hereafter
             .
             In
             the
             year
             of
             our
             Lord
             1512
             ,
             a
             certain
             Merchant
             of
             Biscaya
             ,
             named
             
               Iuan
               de
               Vilvao
            
             ,
             or
             Iohn
             of
             Bilbo
             ,
             went
             to
             trade
             at
             the
             Citie
             of
             Oran
             .
             In
             the
             ship
             which
             carried
             him
             and
             his
             commodities
             ,
             hee
             light
             upon
             a
             passenger
             ,
             who
             addressing
             himself
             to
             him
             ,
             told
             him
             that
             hee
             could
             write
             and
             read
             in
             several
             languages
             ,
             and
             that
             if
             hee
             pleased
             to
             give
             him
             any
             competent
             subsistence
             ,
             
             hee
             would
             bee
             glad
             to
             serv
             him
             as
             his
             factor
             ,
             and
             teach
             his
             children
             ;
             the
             Merchant
             entertained
             him
             ,
             and
             took
             him
             on
             board
             with
             him
             at
             Cartagena
             ,
             thinking
             himself
             the
             happiest
             man
             living
             ,
             that
             hee
             had
             so
             luckily
             met
             with
             a
             man
             of
             such
             abilities
             to
             instruct
             his
             children
             and
             follow
             his
             business
             besides
             .
             This
             fellow
             was
             of
             a
             low
             stature
             ,
             thin-faced
             ,
             of
             a
             sallow
             complexion
             ,
             hee
             had
             a
             terrible
             look
             ,
             his
             eies
             beeing
             of
             a
             black
             and
             green
             color
             ,
             little
             hair
             ,
             and
             thin
             upon
             his
             head
             ,
             his
             beard
             wors
             furnished
             ;
             hee
             was
             a
             man
             of
             verie
             few
             words
             ,
             in
             his
             Conversation
             somwhat
             too
             strict
             and
             austere
             ,
             seemingly
             intemperate
             in
             his
             diet
             ,
             a
             great
             eater
             ,
             but
             drank
             little
             ,
             hee
             spoke
             
               Spanish
               ,
               Arabick
            
             ,
             and
             Hebrew
             .
             It
             never
             was
             known
             directly
             who
             his
             father
             was
             ,
             onely
             hee
             confessed
             ,
             while
             hee
             was
             under
             the
             lash
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             a
             Jew's
             son
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             was
             Circumcised
             ,
             but
             never
             Baptized
             ,
             for
             his
             father
             carried
             him
             into
             Barberie
             ,
             in
             the
             same
             year
             the
             Jews
             were
             driven
             out
             of
             Castilla
             .
             Hee
             remained
             in
             this
             Merchant's
             hous
             until
             the
             year
             1516
             ,
             which
             vvas
             four
             years
             :
             and
             to
             ingratiate
             himself
             the
             more
             vvith
             his
             Master
             ,
             hee
             told
             him
             ,
             thenceforvvards
             hee
             vvould
             call
             himself
             by
             his
             name
             
               Iuan
               de
               Vilvao
            
             .
             But
             the
             Merchant
             having
             occasion
             to
             absent
             himself
             often
             from
             his
             hous
             ,
             leaving
             his
             wife
             ,
             children
             ,
             and
             goods
             ,
             all
             in
             charge
             with
             this
             servant
             ,
             one
             time
             at
             his
             return
             from
             Castilla
             ,
             hee
             was
             told
             by
             his
             neighbors
             that
             
               Iuan
               de
               Vilvao
            
             ,
             his
             man
             ,
             was
             a
             slepperie
             companion
             ,
             and
             that
             in
             his
             absence
             hee
             was
             too
             familiar
             with
             his
             wife
             ;
             others
             said
             ,
             hee
             had
             abused
             his
             daughter
             .
             Hereupon
             without
             any
             further
             examination
             ,
             hee
             turned
             him
             presently
             out
             of
             his
             hous
             ,
             not
             declaring
             anie
             occasion
             ,
             or
             reason
             hee
             had
             for
             so
             doing
             ,
             becaus
             hee
             could
             not
             have
             his
             servant
             punished
             otherwise
             ,
             without
             bringing
             his
             own
             honor
             in
             question
             .
             At
             that
             time
             there
             was
             a
             young
             man
             Corregidor
             of
             Oran
             ,
             who
             not
             knowing
             wherefore
             the
             Merchant
             had
             discarded
             his
             servant
             
               Iuan
               de
               Vilvao
            
             ,
             entertained
             him
             to
             bee
             his
             Steward
             .
             The
             Corregidor
             having
             a
             handsom
             young
             wench
             ,
             which
             hee
             kept
             privately
             in
             his
             hous
             ,
             
               Iuan
               de
               
               Vilvao
            
             used
             all
             means
             possible
             to
             gain
             her
             acquaintance
             and
             affection
             ,
             and
             withall
             to
             persuade
             her
             to
             learn
             witchcraft
             ;
             for
             amongst
             other
             good
             qualities
             ,
             this
             wicked
             fellow
             was
             a
             great
             Practitioner
             in
             Negromancie
             .
             The
             young
             maid
             beeing
             little
             pleased
             with
             his
             sollicitations
             ,
             resolved
             at
             last
             to
             acquaint
             the
             Corregidor
             ,
             how
             hee
             importuned
             her
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             would
             persuade
             her
             to
             learn
             witchcraft
             ,
             but
             chiefly
             that
             hee
             had
             made
             her
             promise
             to
             give
             him
             poison
             ,
             that
             so
             they
             two
             might
             with
             more
             freedom
             enjoie
             each
             other's
             affection
             .
             The
             Corregidor
             was
             much
             startled
             and
             amazed
             hereat
             ,
             for
             hee
             thought
             his
             hous
             and
             Paramour
             as
             secure
             with
             
               Iuan
               de
               Vilvao
            
             ,
             as
             if
             hee
             had
             committed
             her
             to
             the
             custodie
             of
             an
             Eunuch
             ,
             and
             therefore
             hee
             did
             not
             absolutely
             credit
             her
             accusation
             of
             him
             ;
             but
             afterwards
             observing
             with
             a
             more
             strict
             eie
             the
             carriage
             and
             demeanure
             of
             his
             ●teward
             ,
             hee
             was
             confirmed
             and
             satisfied
             of
             the
             truth
             ,
             especially
             when
             hee
             found
             the
             spells
             and
             poison
             which
             he
             was
             to
             use
             .
             Hee
             committed
             him
             to
             the
             publick
             Gaol
             ,
             whence
             upon
             a
             market
             daie
             hee
             was
             fetch
             't
             out
             ,
             set
             upon
             an
             Ass
             ,
             with
             his
             sorceries
             about
             his
             neck
             ,
             and
             whipped
             through
             all
             the
             principal
             streets
             of
             the
             Citie
             .
             The
             people
             were
             all
             astonished
             that
             hee
             should
             bee
             so
             close
             a
             villain
             ,
             for
             every
             bodie
             had
             a
             very
             good
             opinion
             of
             him
             ;
             After
             this
             ,
             beeing
             banished
             Oran
             ,
             hee
             returned
             into
             Spain
             ,
             and
             dis-embarked
             upon
             the
             Coast
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             just
             in
             the
             time
             of
             these
             disastrous
             troubles
             .
             Hee
             ,
             by
             his
             juggling
             inventions
             ,
             begat
             himself
             a
             great
             esteem
             and
             credit
             first
             amongst
             the
             Confederates
             of
             Algecira
             .
             Afterwards
             hee
             came
             to
             Xativa
             ,
             under
             the
             name
             of
             
               Don
               Henrique
               Manrique
               de
               Ribera
            
             ,
             and
             beeing
             a
             subtil
             Impostor
             ,
             and
             the
             Confederates
             simple
             ,
             and
             besotted
             with
             passion
             ,
             hee
             wrought
             so
             much
             upon
             their
             blinde
             credulitie
             ,
             that
             they
             made
             him
             their
             General
             ,
             and
             by
             little
             and
             little
             hee
             so
             inveagled
             them
             that
             they
             held
             him
             for
             their
             God
             ,
             and
             their
             King.
             
               Vicente
               Periz
            
             (
             who
             was
             Captain
             General
             of
             the
             Confederate
             Rebels
             of
             Valencia
             )
             made
             great
             submissions
             to
             him
             ,
             saying
             ,
             that
             God
             had
             sent
             him
             to
             give
             them
             libertie
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             
             would
             procure
             them
             much
             monie
             and
             arms
             .
             Those
             of
             Xativa
             adored
             him
             as
             their
             Redeemer
             ,
             and
             called
             him
             
               El
               Encubierto
            
             ,
             or
             the
             man
             disguised
             ,
             
             saying
             ,
             God
             had
             sent
             him
             for
             the
             redressing
             of
             the
             oppressed
             People
             .
             Hee
             made
             them
             believ
             that
             hee
             was
             the
             
               Prince
               Don
               Iohn
            
             ,
             Son
             to
             the
             Catholick
             King
             and
             Queen
             deceased
             ,
             and
             that
             for
             certain
             ●ecret
             causes
             and
             Revelations
             of
             God's
             Judgments
             ,
             
             it
             was
             convenient
             for
             him
             not
             to
             bee
             publickly
             known
             in
             the
             world
             for
             long
             time
             past
             ,
             but
             now
             since
             the
             Kingdom
             's
             were
             in
             so
             distressed
             a
             condition
             ,
             and
             in
             so
             great
             necessitie
             of
             their
             naturall
             King
             ,
             to
             own
             and
             defend
             them
             ,
             and
             settle
             them
             in
             the
             same
             peaceable
             Government
             ,
             as
             they
             injoyed
             during
             his
             Father's
             Reign
             ,
             hee
             desired
             to
             reveal
             himself
             unto
             them
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             was
             God's
             will
             also
             .
             This
             those
             wretched
             Confederates
             beleiving
             ,
             followed
             and
             honored
             him
             ,
             as
             if
             hee
             had
             been
             their
             God.
             Thus
             having
             gained
             the
             affection
             and
             esteem
             of
             these
             Rebels
             ,
             hee
             conferred
             with
             divers
             of
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             of
             
               la
               Huerta
            
             ,
             and
             other
             places
             thereabouts
             ,
             inticing
             them
             to
             put
             in
             execution
             what
             that
             Tyrant
             ,
             
               Vicente
               Periz
            
             ,
             had
             alreadie
             moved
             .
             Hee
             dealt
             likewise
             with
             some
             places
             of
             Aragon
             ,
             and
             Catalunia
             (
             which
             were
             alreadie
             tottering
             and
             half
             ,
             at
             least
             ,
             inclining
             to
             Commotion
             ,
             ingaging
             them
             ,
             that
             at
             the
             same
             instant
             (
             if
             possible
             )
             as
             hee
             should
             make
             his
             Attempts
             upon
             Valencia
             ,
             they
             should
             all
             rise
             in
             arms
             ,
             and
             secure
             those
             parts
             for
             him
             .
             Within
             Valencia
             hee
             had
             his
             intelligencers
             ,
             and
             instruments
             ,
             whom
             hee
             imployed
             to
             murder
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Cenete
             ,
             then
             Governor
             of
             the
             Citie
             ;
             These
             were
             so
             faithful
             to
             him
             in
             this
             treacherous
             design
             ,
             that
             hee
             wanted
             not
             assistants
             to
             convey
             him
             over
             the
             walls
             into
             the
             Citie
             ,
             whereby
             hee
             might
             the
             better
             contrive
             his
             plot
             ,
             seeing
             the
             disposition
             of
             the
             place
             ,
             and
             (
             having
             a
             more
             free
             communication
             with
             the
             inhabitants
             )
             allure
             and
             draw
             to
             his
             byas
             more
             complices
             ,
             to
             strengthen
             his
             partie
             ,
             and
             execute
             his
             wicked
             intention
             .
             This
             was
             so
             cunningly
             carried
             ,
             that
             if
             God
             had
             not
             otherwise
             disposed
             it
             ,
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             at
             that
             time
             ran
             a
             notable
             hazard
             of
             beeing
             absolutely
             destroied
             .
             The
             Citie
             of
             Valencia
             
             (
             as
             I
             have
             told
             you
             )
             beeing
             in
             so
             miserable
             a
             condition
             ,
             the
             Religious
             men
             ,
             with
             other
             good
             and
             loial
             people
             ,
             went
             to
             petition
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Cenete
             (
             who
             then
             was
             in
             the
             Camp
             )
             to
             take
             upon
             him
             the
             Government
             of
             that
             distressed
             Citie
             .
             Which
             hee
             did
             (
             like
             a
             noble
             man
             as
             hee
             was
             )
             .
             The
             people
             expressed
             so
             much
             contentment
             and
             comfort
             in
             his
             presence
             ,
             that
             in
             all
             the
             Monasteries
             and
             Churches
             ,
             they
             sung
             with
             great
             solemnitie
             ,
             the
             
               Te
               Deum
               laudamus
            
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             b●lls
             rung
             out
             in
             testimonie
             of
             an
             universal
             joie
             .
             The
             Marquis
             was
             a
             man
             of
             such
             courage
             and
             resolution
             ,
             that
             when
             ,
             throughout
             the
             whole
             Citie
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             no
             bodie
             durst
             so
             much
             as
             name
             
               God
               ,
               King
            
             or
             Iustice
             ,
             hee
             took
             divers
             of
             the
             rebellious
             disturbers
             and
             hanged
             them
             .
             So
             that
             they
             began
             to
             bee
             affraid
             ,
             and
             sculked
             in
             corners
             .
             Soon
             after
             having
             notice
             of
             a
             band
             of
             these
             Confederates
             ,
             which
             were
             fled
             from
             Valencia
             ,
             hee
             marched
             out
             against
             them
             ,
             and
             meeting
             them
             about
             Monviedro
             ,
             hee
             brought
             away
             their
             Colors
             ,
             having
             routed
             and
             put
             them
             all
             to
             flight
             .
             Amongst
             divers
             great
             hazards
             which
             the
             Marquis
             ran
             of
             losing
             his
             life
             ,
             by
             the
             insolence
             or
             treacherie
             of
             these
             Confederates
             ,
             one
             I
             shall
             give
             in
             particular
             ;
             A
             monstrous
             disorderly
             multitude
             of
             these
             wretches
             beeing
             gathered
             together
             in
             Valencia
             ,
             fell
             like
             a
             furious
             storm
             upon
             the
             Marquis
             his
             hous
             ,
             with
             huge
             clamorous
             out-cries
             and
             ●lashing
             of
             weapons
             ,
             not
             understanding
             each
             other's
             minde
             ,
             nor
             knowing
             what
             they
             would
             have
             .
             The
             Marquis
             hearing
             the
             nois
             ,
             went
             down
             to
             quiet
             the
             tumult
             ,
             beeing
             well
             provided
             and
             attended
             ,
             but
             his
             Ladie
             seeing
             him
             engaged
             amongst
             a
             throng
             of
             such
             vile
             respectless
             people
             ,
             and
             fearing
             lest
             hee
             should
             bee
             murthered
             by
             them
             ,
             took
             such
             a
             fright
             ,
             that
             her
             weak
             Constitution
             beeing
             not
             able
             to
             resist
             the
             violence
             of
             that
             sudden
             apprehension
             ,
             shee
             presently
             expired
             .
             
               Vicente
               Periz
            
             Captain
             of
             the
             Rebells
             ,
             with
             a
             numerous
             Armie
             intrenched
             himself
             and
             planted
             his
             Cannon
             within
             sight
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             where
             hee
             remained
             som
             time
             :
             In
             his
             Camp
             hee
             had
             a
             bell
             ,
             at
             the
             sound
             whereof
             a
             numberless
             gang
             of
             thievs
             ,
             such
             as
             his
             Armie
             was
             composed
             of
             ,
             ran
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             to
             him
             :
             And
             had
             not
             the
             
             Marquis
             been
             very
             circumspect
             ,
             without
             question
             they
             had
             suprised
             the
             Citie
             ;
             but
             finding
             little
             probabilitie
             of
             effecting
             their
             design
             upon
             Valencia
             ,
             they
             marched
             towards
             Monviedro
             ,
             thinking
             to
             make
             the
             Vice-Roy
             rais
             his
             siege
             thence
             ,
             but
             within
             two
             daies
             after
             Monviedro
             was
             surrendered
             to
             him
             (
             which
             was
             of
             no
             small
             importance
             )
             for
             thereby
             hee
             had
             an
             open
             and
             free
             passage
             to
             receiv
             succour
             out
             of
             Castilla
             .
             The
             Marquis
             hearing
             that
             the
             Confederates
             were
             marched
             towards
             Monviedro
             with
             their
             Cannon
             ,
             and
             having
             intelligence
             of
             their
             intentions
             ,
             followed
             them
             (
             but
             with
             no
             considerable
             force
             )
             and
             meeting
             some
             of
             his
             own
             foot
             companies
             ,
             which
             having
             been
             much
             galled
             by
             their
             Cannon
             and
             small
             shot
             ,
             were
             retreating
             towards
             Valencia
             quite
             disheartned
             ,
             hee
             strove
             to
             incourage
             them
             as
             well
             as
             hee
             could
             ,
             representing
             to
             them
             the
             service
             of
             God
             and
             their
             King
             ;
             but
             prevailing
             not
             with
             them
             ,
             howëver
             he●
             advanced
             and
             set
             upon
             the
             enemie
             ,
             crying
             aloud
             ,
             
               Let
               the
               King
               live
               ,
               and
               the
               Traytors
               die
               ,
            
             and
             without
             fear
             of
             their
             muskets
             or
             Cannon
             ,
             which
             played
             fiercely
             upon
             him
             ,
             hee
             charged
             into
             the
             middest
             of
             them
             ,
             God
             (
             whose
             caus
             hee
             fought
             )
             preserving
             him
             ,
             and
             striking
             their
             baser
             hearts
             with
             fear
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             hee
             had
             them
             all
             at
             his
             mercie
             .
             Yet
             his
             nobleness
             and
             generositie
             was
             such
             (
             though
             they
             deserved
             it
             not
             )
             that
             hee
             commanded
             his
             men
             (
             who
             were
             very
             busie
             in
             killing
             )
             to
             forbear
             further
             execution
             ,
             crying
             out
             ,
             
               Let
               them
               not
               die
               ,
               let
               them
               not
               die
            
             :
             having
             thus
             quite
             routed
             these
             Mutiniers
             ,
             hee
             returned
             to
             Valencia
             with
             the
             spoil
             ,
             and
             all
             their
             Artillerie
             ,
             where
             hee
             was
             received
             with
             joy
             and
             tears
             .
             The
             Vice-Roy
             afterwards
             ,
             beeing
             before
             Xativa
             ,
             with
             intent
             to
             reduce
             it
             to
             the
             Emperor's
             subjection
             ,
             the
             Rebels
             dealt
             so
             cunningly
             with
             some
             of
             his
             Souldiers
             (
             who
             sowed
             the
             same
             dissention
             in
             his
             Camp
             ,
             as
             was
             within
             the
             Town
             )
             that
             by
             certain
             signs
             they
             understood
             each
             others
             intentions
             ,
             and
             they
             agreed
             at
             one
             and
             the
             same
             time
             to
             fall
             upon
             the
             Loyall
             Partie
             ,
             and
             murther
             them
             ;
             and
             having
             taken
             their
             Artillerie
             ,
             to
             storm
             Valencia
             ,
             sack
             it
             ,
             and
             kill
             all
             that
             were
             for
             the
             Emperor
             in
             it
             .
             This
             conspiracie
             was
             discovered
             ,
             
             but
             there
             was
             no
             remedie
             to
             hinder
             it
             ,
             neither
             in
             the
             Vice-Roy's
             Camp
             ,
             nor
             in
             Valencia
             ;
             for
             the
             Confederates
             were
             very
             numerous
             and
             the
             Loyall
             P●●sons
             but
             a
             small
             Partie
             ;
             The
             Marquis
             ,
             at
             the
             intreatie
             of
             the
             honest
             people
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             went
             to
             the
             Vice-Roy's
             Camp
             before
             Xativa
             ,
             where
             hee
             found
             more
             disorder
             then
             was
             reported
             ,
             and
             the
             infection
             less
             curable
             then
             hee
             imagined
             .
             The
             sign
             that
             these
             Conspirators
             had
             agreed
             upon
             ,
             was
             ,
             that
             in
             the
             night
             at
             a
             certain
             hour
             those
             of
             the
             Camp
             should
             cry
             out
             ,
             
               Paie
               ,
               Paie
               ,
               Mutinie
               ,
               Mutinie
               ,
            
             and
             those
             within
             the
             Citie
             should
             answer
             ,
             
               Paie
               ,
               Paie
               ,
               Mutinie
               ,
               Mutinie
               .
            
             The
             Vice-Roy
             and
             the
             Gentlemen
             with
             him
             in
             the
             Camp
             ,
             desired
             the
             Marquis
             to
             venter
             himself
             ,
             and
             indeavor
             by
             going
             into
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             reasoning
             with
             the
             people
             ,
             to
             defer
             the
             execution
             of
             this
             horrid
             treason
             :
             Although
             it
             seemed
             an
             act
             of
             great
             timeritie
             (
             as
             indeed
             it
             was
             )
             for
             him
             to
             expose
             him●elf
             to
             the
             furie
             of
             a
             ●eople
             so
             mutinous
             ,
             and
             bent
             upon
             mischief
             ,
             yet
             the
             Marquis
             valorously
             did
             as
             hee
             was
             required
             :
             And
             it
             was
             miraculous
             ,
             how
             his
             presence
             and
             fair
             deportment
             pacified
             the
             inhabitants
             minds
             ,
             and
             brought
             them
             to
             submit
             to
             reason
             .
             The
             Adversaries
             beeing
             mad
             at
             the
             good
             success
             the
             Marquis
             had
             wrought
             within
             Xativa
             ,
             conspired
             how
             
               Vicente
               Periz
            
             ,
             their
             Captain
             might
             secretly
             convey
             himself
             into
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             gathering
             as
             manie
             of
             the
             people
             ,
             as
             hee
             could
             ,
             together
             ,
             apprehend
             the
             Marquis
             .
             This
             was
             effected
             ,
             and
             
               Vicente
               Periz
            
             with
             a
             multitude
             of
             well
             armed
             men
             went
             to
             assault
             the
             Marquis
             ,
             who
             beeing
             but
             slenderly
             provided
             ,
             and
             weakly
             attended
             ,
             and
             seeing
             a
             squadron
             of
             these
             thievs
             advance
             towards
             him
             ,
             dissembled
             ,
             and
             made
             as
             if
             hee
             knew
             them
             not
             ,
             asking
             them
             thus
             ,
             
               Are
               you
               our
               friends
               ?
               do
               you
               com
               to
               serv
               the
               King
               ?
            
             To
             which
             they
             answered
             neither
             yea
             ,
             nor
             no
             ,
             but
             seemed
             to
             bee
             daunted
             at
             the
             very
             sight
             of
             the
             Marquis
             .
             Hereupon
             with
             much
             seeming
             affection
             hee
             spake
             aloud
             ,
             
               Nay
               then
               my
               boies
               ,
               Viva
               el
               Rey
               ;
               viva
               el
               Rey
            
             ;
             which
             said
             ,
             hee
             fell
             upon
             them
             ,
             and
             took
             away
             their
             Arms.
             Presently
             upon
             this
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             enemies
             discovered
             themselvs
             ,
             and
             began
             to
             fight
             ,
             discharging
             
             their
             Cross-bows
             and
             Musket-shots
             as
             thick
             as
             hail
             against
             the
             Marquis
             and
             his
             men
             ,
             which
             the
             Marquis
             seeing
             ,
             hee
             cried
             with
             a
             loud
             voice
             ,
             
               O
               you
               Traitors
               !
               now
               force
               is
               requisite
            
             ;
             and
             flinging
             down
             his
             staff
             ,
             hee
             took
             a
             pike
             ,
             and
             saying
             ,
             
               God
               preserv
               the
               King
               ,
               and
               let
               the
               Traitors
               die
            
             ;
             hee
             fell
             in
             amongst
             them
             ,
             fighting
             so
             desperately
             ,
             that
             before
             his
             men
             could
             com
             to
             second
             him
             ,
             hee
             had
             made
             them
             turn
             their
             backs
             ,
             but
             at
             last
             being
             over-powered
             and
             wounded
             in
             the
             left
             arm
             ,
             hee
             was
             taken
             prisoner
             ,
             and
             carried
             by
             the
             people
             into
             the
             Castle
             ,
             where
             at
             that
             time
             the
             Duke
             of
             Calabria
             was
             also
             prisoner
             ,
             who
             received
             the
             Marquis
             with
             much
             honor
             .
             The
             Marquis
             was
             afterwards
             put
             into
             a
             Dungeon
             under
             St
             George's
             tower
             ,
             where
             they
             kept
             him
             close
             prisoner
             som
             time
             ,
             thinking
             thereby
             to
             make
             the
             Vice-Roy
             ,
             his
             brother
             ,
             condescend
             to
             what
             they
             listed
             :
             But
             at
             last
             hee
             was
             released
             ,
             and
             perceiving
             the
             Countrie
             to
             bee
             infected
             beyond
             hope
             of
             remedie
             ,
             hee
             retired
             to
             his
             own
             hous
             .
             Those
             of
             Valencia
             found
             a
             great
             miss
             of
             him
             ,
             and
             seeing
             most
             of
             the
             people
             of
             the
             Citie
             becom
             of
             the
             Confederacie
             ,
             
               Vicente
               Periz
            
             having
             possessed
             himself
             of
             
               la
               Huerta
            
             ,
             and
             other
             places
             thereabouts
             ,
             the
             Iurates
             ,
             and
             Chapter
             of
             the
             Church
             called
             
               el
               Asseu
            
             ,
             sent
             to
             beseech
             him
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             condole
             the
             miserie
             of
             that
             Citie
             ,
             and
             bee
             tender
             of
             the
             King's
             service
             .
             The
             Marquis
             was
             at
             Ayora
             ,
             a
             town
             of
             his
             ,
             &
             upon
             receipt
             of
             this
             message
             ,
             hee
             took
             his
             waie
             towards
             Valencia
             .
             Thursdaie
             27
             Februarie
             ,
             1522
             ,
             the
             Tyrant
             
               Vicente
               Perez
            
             ,
             trusting
             to
             the
             multitude
             of
             his
             partie
             within
             the
             Citie
             ,
             took
             the
             boldness
             to
             enter
             into
             Valencia
             ,
             with
             intention
             to
             plunder
             it
             ,
             and
             kill
             all
             that
             should
             resist
             him
             ,
             and
             having
             intrenched
             and
             fortified
             himself
             within
             the
             walls
             to
             that
             effect
             ,
             it
             struck
             great
             terrour
             into
             the
             loial
             partie
             .
             But
             the
             Marquis
             ,
             well
             Armed
             ,
             came
             to
             a
             large
             place
             ,
             called
             
               la
               Placa
               del
               Asseu
            
             ,
             and
             caused
             to
             bee
             rung
             that
             bell
             ,
             which
             they
             used
             to
             ring
             in
             Uproars
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             all
             those
             of
             the
             loial
             partie
             might
             repair
             thither
             to
             him
             ;
             where
             hee
             staied
             until
             noon
             ,
             having
             used
             all
             fair
             means
             possible
             to
             pacifie
             without
             blood-shed
             the
             advers
             partie
             ;
             but
             seeing
             nothing
             could
             avail
             ,
             hee
             took
             a
             view
             of
             his
             men
             ,
             and
             what
             
             Arms
             they
             had
             ;
             and
             finding
             his
             no
             competent
             force
             to
             encounter
             
               Vicente
               Periz
            
             ,
             who
             had
             made
             himself
             very
             strong
             ;
             hee
             betook
             himself
             to
             his
             invention
             and
             policie
             ,
             which
             succeeded
             so
             advantagiously
             ,
             that
             
               Vicente
               Periz
            
             came
             short
             of
             his
             design
             ,
             all
             his
             men
             beeing
             dis-banded
             ,
             and
             returned
             to
             their
             own
             dwellings
             .
             This
             was
             a
             happie
             daie
             for
             Valencia
             ,
             for
             if
             Periz
             his
             plot
             had
             taken
             ,
             hee
             had
             been
             absolute
             master
             of
             the
             whole
             Citie
             ;
             and
             ever
             after
             ,
             that
             daie
             was
             called
             the
             Thursdaie
             of
             
               Vicente
               Periz
            
             :
             Yet
             staying
             within
             the
             Citie
             hee
             rallied
             again
             ,
             and
             what
             with
             those
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             what
             with
             the
             fresh
             supplies
             which
             were
             sent
             him
             from
             Xativa
             ,
             and
             Algezira
             ,
             by
             the
             disguised
             Prince
             
               Don
               Iuan
            
             ,
             or
             
               Iuan
               de
               Vilvao
            
             ,
             who
             went
             thither
             to
             that
             purpose
             :
             Hee
             was
             so
             strongly
             recruited
             ,
             that
             hee
             gave
             the
             Marquis
             Battle
             in
             the
             streets
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             and
             had
             won
             the
             daie
             undoubtedly
             ,
             if
             the
             Marquis
             had
             not
             shewed
             as
             much
             policie
             as
             resolution
             .
             In
             the
             Combate
             the
             Marquis
             pursuing
             
               Vicente
               Periz
            
             (
             who
             was
             glad
             to
             take
             his
             heels
             )
             was
             knocked
             down
             by
             a
             great
             pot
             full
             of
             earth
             ,
             which
             a
             woman
             flung
             from
             the
             top
             of
             a
             hous
             upon
             his
             head
             ,
             which
             though
             it
             killed
             him
             not
             out-right
             ,
             did
             stun
             and
             bruis
             him
             very
             sore
             :
             Hee
             was
             presently
             taken
             up
             again
             by
             his
             servants
             ,
             but
             his
             partie
             supposing
             him
             to
             bee
             dead
             ,
             lost
             courage
             ,
             and
             withal
             the
             advantage
             they
             had
             gained
             of
             the
             enem●e
             :
             which
             hee
             perceiving
             ,
             assoon
             as
             hee
             was
             com
             again
             to
             himself
             ,
             ran
             amongst
             them
             ,
             saying
             ,
             
               If
               the
               Marquis
               bee
               dead
               ,
               the
               King
               is
               alive
               .
            
             These
             words
             put
             new
             vigor
             into
             the
             hearts
             of
             his
             despairing
             men
             ,
             who
             following
             the
             Marquis
             ,
             gave
             a
             fresh
             charge
             to
             the
             Confederates
             ,
             so
             hot
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             glad
             to
             hous
             themselvs
             ,
             which
             proved
             no
             Sanctuarie
             ,
             for
             there
             they
             were
             killed
             and
             taken
             ,
             not
             beeing
             able
             to
             make
             resistance
             .
             
               Vicente
               Periz
            
             had
             his
             head
             presently
             struck
             off
             .
             This
             Victorie
             quieted
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             vvhich
             vvas
             so
             infected
             vvith
             the
             poison
             of
             Rebellion
             ,
             that
             in
             the
             very
             Cloisters
             and
             Monasteries
             ,
             there
             was
             as
             much
             division
             and
             passion
             as
             elswhere
             ;
             insomuch
             that
             one
             part
             praied
             God
             to
             favor
             the
             Confederates
             ,
             the
             other
             to
             give
             the
             Cavaliers
             the
             Victorie
             .
             The
             disguised
             Prince
             exspected
             a
             
             quite
             contrarie
             success
             ,
             hoping
             by
             the
             death
             of
             the
             Marquis
             ,
             and
             the
             routing
             of
             his
             partie
             ,
             to
             reign
             victoriously
             in
             Valencia
             ;
             but
             God
             ,
             
             who
             had
             otherwise
             decreed
             the
             Event
             ,
             made
             him
             likewise
             fall
             into
             the
             hands
             of
             the
             Marquis
             the
             19th
             of
             Maie
             ,
             1522
             ,
             who
             commanded
             him
             to
             bee
             hanged
             ,
             drawn
             and
             quartered
             ,
             and
             his
             head
             to
             bee
             set
             upon
             the
             point
             of
             Lance.
             And
             thus
             that
             villanous
             head
             was
             crowned
             ,
             who
             of
             an
             infamous
             Jew
             ,
             and
             abominable
             Sorcerer
             ,
             would
             have
             made
             himself
             King
             of
             Spain
             .
             After
             this
             grew
             several
             other
             Commotions
             in
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             but
             nothing
             near
             so
             dangerous
             ;
             which
             I
             shall
             omit
             now
             to
             particularize
             ,
             in
             regard
             I
             am
             called
             away
             by
             those
             of
             Castilla
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXVI
             .
          
           
             THe
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             and
             other
             Mountaniers
             ,
             infected
             the
             people
             of
             the
             Mountains
             of
             Burgos
             ,
             as
             far
             as
             Alava
             and
             Vitoria
             ,
             with
             other
             places
             of
             
               la
               Rioxa
            
             ;
             and
             Burgos
             was
             very
             near
             revolting
             also
             .
             All
             which
             was
             opposed
             by
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             not
             becaus
             the
             Emperor
             commanded
             him
             so
             to
             do
             (
             for
             hee
             received
             no
             orders
             from
             his
             Majestie
             to
             that
             effect
             till
             afterwards
             )
             but
             moved
             with
             the
             magnanimitie
             of
             his
             own
             generous
             spirit
             ,
             and
             the
             sens
             of
             Loialtie
             ,
             which
             was
             Hereditarie
             to
             that
             noble
             familie
             .
             I
             do
             not
             finde
             that
             any
             of
             the
             Grandees
             of
             Castilla
             were
             very
             forward
             to
             break
             the
             ice
             in
             this
             undertaking
             ,
             though
             afterwards
             ,
             like
             honest
             men
             ,
             they
             all
             set
             their
             helping
             hands
             .
             The
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             at
             first
             prudently
             feared
             the
             Event
             ,
             and
             was
             loth
             to
             engage
             himself
             in
             so
             perillous
             an
             enterprise
             ,
             hazarding
             no
             less
             then
             his
             life
             and
             whole
             estate
             ,
             in
             endeavouring
             to
             oppose
             so
             manie
             ,
             especially
             without
             arms
             ,
             monie
             ,
             or
             order
             from
             the
             Emperor
             .
             For
             the
             enemies
             were
             very
             manie
             and
             powerful
             ,
             no
             less
             then
             thirteen
             of
             the
             most
             considerable
             Cities
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             with
             divers
             other
             Towns
             and
             Villages
             ,
             beeing
             declared
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             ;
             
             besides
             that
             many
             Gentlemen
             of
             qualitie
             &
             great
             estates
             (
             much
             animated
             against
             the
             Emperor
             and
             his
             Ministers
             )
             had
             involved
             themselvs
             in
             the
             same
             Interest
             .
             It
             vvas
             an
             attempt
             of
             so
             much
             consideration
             and
             danger
             ,
             that
             the
             other
             Grandees
             thought
             it
             the
             best
             vvay
             (
             seeing
             they
             vvere
             not
             able
             to
             do
             otherwise
             )
             to
             sit
             still
             and
             look
             on
             ,
             and
             manie
             of
             them
             advised
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             to
             do
             the
             like
             .
             But
             his
             Ladie
             
               Donia
               Maria
               de
               Tovar
            
             ,
             onely
             daughter
             and
             heir
             to
             
               Don
               Luis
               de
               Tovar
            
             ,
             Marquis
             of
             Berlanga
             ,
             beeing
             one
             of
             the
             discreetest
             and
             most
             magnanimous
             Ladies
             in
             all
             Spain
             of
             her
             time
             ,
             was
             not
             of
             the
             opinion
             of
             those
             that
             gave
             her
             husband
             that
             Counsel
             ;
             but
             she
             never
             ceased
             ,
             representing
             to
             him
             the
             advancement
             of
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ,
             and
             that
             for
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             hee
             ought
             to
             resist
             and
             suppress
             the
             exorbitances
             of
             the
             insulting
             Commoners
             ,
             although
             hee
             put
             himself
             to
             the
             hazard
             of
             losing
             both
             life
             and
             fortune
             ,
             in
             regard
             hee
             bare
             the
             Office
             of
             
               Lord
               High
               Constable
               ,
               Captain
               General
               ,
            
             and
             the
             second
             person
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             next
             his
             Majestie
             .
             The
             Dutchess
             beeing
             at
             her
             own
             hous
             at
             Haro
             ,
             wrote
             to
             the
             
               Lord
               High
               Constable
            
             ,
             her
             husband
             ,
             this
             ensuing
             Letter
             ,
             which
             is
             worthie
             to
             bee
             Chronicled
             .
          
           
             
               
                 The
                 Dutchesse's
                 letter
                 to
                 the
                 Lord
                 high
                 Constable
                 .
              
               
                 YOur
                 Letter
                 I
                 received
                 by
                 
                   Pedro
                   de
                   Velasco
                
                 .
                 And
                 my
                 opinion
                 is
                 ,
                 since
                 his
                 Majestie
                 from
                 the
                 place
                 where
                 hee
                 is
                 doth
                 what
                 hee
                 can
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 you
                 his
                 power
                 and
                 Revenue
                 here
                 ,
                 That
                 you
                 determine
                 to
                 preserv
                 it
                 .
                 For
                 if
                 hee
                 lose
                 his
                 right
                 ,
                 no
                 wonder
                 if
                 you
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 those
                 ,
                 that
                 have
                 done
                 what
                 they
                 were
                 obliged
                 to
                 do
                 ,
                 bee
                 dispossest
                 of
                 your's
                 ;
                 But
                 if
                 you
                 maintain
                 his
                 interest
                 ,
                 you
                 and
                 his
                 other
                 Servants
                 will
                 bee
                 all
                 secured
                 .
                 That
                 which
                 (
                 in
                 my
                 judgment
                 )
                 your
                 Lordship
                 and
                 the
                 Lord
                 Admiral
                 are
                 now
                 to
                 do
                 ,
                 is
                 to
                 raise
                 men
                 and
                 monie
                 with
                 all
                 possible
                 expedition
                 and
                 trie
                 your
                 fortunes
                 .
                 I
                 write
                 to
                 
                   Pedro
                   de
                   Melgosa
                
                 to
                 use
                 all
                 means
                 and
                 shifts
                 ,
                 that
                 may
                 bee
                 ,
                 to
                 procure
                 you
                 monie
                 .
                 The
                 greater
                 the
                 danger
                 ,
                 more
                 glorious
                 is
                 the
                 attempt
                 .
                 Trust
                 in
                 our
                 Lord
                 God
                 ,
                 for
                 since
                 herein
                 you
                 doe
                 both
                 him
                 and
                 the
                 King
                 service
                 ,
                 bee
                 confident
                 
                 hee
                 will
                 bee
                 favourable
                 ,
                 and
                 give
                 a
                 blessing
                 to
                 your
                 indeavors
                 .
                 So
                 ,
                 becaus
                 I
                 intend
                 to
                 write
                 more
                 at
                 large
                 to
                 you
                 by
                 the
                 Treasurer
                 ,
                 I
                 rest
                 ,
                 praying
                 God
                 to
                 preserv
                 your
                 Lordship's
                 most
                 Illustrious
                 person
                 ,
                 with
                 more
                 tenderness
                 then
                 I
                 wish
                 to
                 my self
                 .
                 From
                 Haro
                 this
                 19th
                 of
                 June
                 ,
                 1520.
                 
              
            
          
        
         
           Finis
           Libri
           Tertii
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           THE
           CIVIL
           WARS
           OF
           SPAIN
           .
           THE
           FOURTH
           BOOK
           .
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             I.
             
          
           
             THere
             is
             no
             Republick
             ,
             or
             Change
             of
             Government
             whatsoëver
             so
             barbarous
             ,
             as
             to
             bee
             ignorant
             how
             important
             and
             necessarie
             a
             Cement
             Concord
             is
             to
             make
             it
             long
             subsist
             .
             Wherefore
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             dreading
             (
             and
             not
             without
             caus
             )
             the
             dange●
             wherein
             they
             stood
             ,
             desired
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             to
             agree
             and
             bee
             all
             of
             one
             heart
             :
             for
             the
             high
             consequence
             of
             the
             matter
             wherein
             they
             were
             ingaged
             ,
             did
             require
             it
             ,
             promising
             them
             that
             within
             fevv
             daies
             they
             should
             see
             the
             
             Ordinances
             ,
             which
             with
             incessant
             labor
             and
             watching
             ,
             the
             Holie
             Iunta
             had
             agreed
             to
             publish
             and
             dispers
             through
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             whereby
             they
             hoped
             to
             make
             that
             Republick
             flourish
             ,
             as
             one
             of
             the
             most
             happie
             and
             best
             governed
             in
             the
             whole
             world
             .
             The
             people
             were
             big
             with
             glorious
             hopes
             of
             injoying
             a
             second
             golden
             Age
             ;
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             were
             so
             well
             pleased
             with
             the
             thanks
             and
             applaus
             of
             the
             People
             ,
             that
             their
             Ordinances
             beeing
             finished
             ;
             they
             resolved
             to
             send
             them
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             by
             two
             Gentlemen
             and
             a
             Frier
             ,
             not
             doubting
             but
             therefore
             his
             Majestie
             would
             confer
             som
             honorable
             dignities
             upon
             them
             .
             But
             what
             these
             were
             ,
             I
             will
             not
             mention
             ,
             onely
             I
             may
             say
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             so
             incensed
             at
             their
             message
             ,
             that
             they
             held
             it
             a
             great
             mercie
             they
             escaped
             with
             their
             lives
             .
             They
             wrote
             moreover
             a
             kinde
             of
             requisitorie
             letter
             for
             the
             Cities
             and
             Towns
             where
             their
             Embassadors
             were
             to
             pass
             ,
             and
             therein
             they
             inclosed
             their
             Letters
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             with
             the
             Articles
             and
             Ordinances
             ,
             which
             in
             the
             name
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             they
             desired
             his
             Majestie
             to
             confirm
             ;
             and
             though
             already
             I
             have
             declared
             the
             substance
             thereof
             ,
             I
             will
             set
             them
             down
             in
             the
             same
             form
             they
             sent
             them
             ;
             that
             the
             curious
             and
             patient
             may
             read
             and
             see
             the
             pretensions
             of
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             and
             what
             the
             Kingdom
             demanded
             .
             Let
             every
             one
             judg
             what
             reason
             they
             had
             ,
             for
             my
             own
             part
             ,
             I
             will
             neither
             excuse
             nor
             condemn
             them
             ,
             but
             onely
             relate
             faithfully
             the
             truth
             ,
             which
             is
             as
             much
             as
             can
             bee
             required
             of
             mee
             ,
             considering
             my
             office
             .
             In
             their
             Letters
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             they
             give
             his
             Maj●stie
             an
             account
             of
             all
             the
             troubles
             and
             insurrections
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             which
             they
             told
             him
             ,
             proceeded
             from
             the
             evil
             Counsel
             which
             his
             Majestie
             entertained
             about
             his
             Roial
             Person
             ,
             who
             ,
             for
             their
             disordinate
             Covetousness
             ,
             private
             passions
             and
             interests
             ,
             besides
             other
             sinister
             ends
             (
             they
             said
             )
             might
             more
             properly
             bee
             styled
             the
             Deceivers
             ,
             Cheaters
             ,
             and
             Enemies
             of
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Kingdoms
             ,
             and
             the
             publick
             good
             thereof
             ,
             then
             Counsellors
             ,
             such
             as
             they
             ought
             to
             bee
             .
             For
             they
             were
             the
             occasion
             that
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             which
             abounded
             in
             riches
             ,
             and
             all
             other
             things
             that
             could
             bee
             required
             of
             the
             most
             opulent
             
             and
             flourishing
             Kingdoms
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             was
             now
             beecom
             the
             poorest
             and
             most
             miserable
             of
             all
             the
             neighboring
             Kingdoms
             :
             Which
             did
             not
             onely
             concern
             the
             publick
             ,
             but
             was
             also
             particularly
             prejudicial
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Roial
             Patrimonie
             ,
             and
             which
             was
             insufferable
             ,
             That
             the
             desolation
             of
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Kingdoms
             ,
             and
             the
             exhausting
             of
             his
             treasure
             ,
             to
             his
             own
             exceeding
             inconvenience
             ,
             and
             the
             ruine
             of
             his
             subjects
             ,
             was
             to
             no
             other
             purpose
             ,
             then
             to
             enrich
             his
             evil
             Counsellors
             ,
             and
             divers
             other
             persons
             strangers
             ,
             who
             bare
             no
             affection
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             nor
             had
             any
             zeal
             to
             advance
             his
             service
             ,
             or
             the
             publick
             good
             ,
             but
             to
             build
             their
             own
             fortunes
             .
             Next
             they
             complained
             that
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             several
             Cities
             (
             who
             desired
             his
             Majestie
             in
             the
             name
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             at
             Santjago
             and
             the
             Groyn
             ,
             not
             to
             demand
             any
             Subsidies
             )
             were
             by
             his
             Counsel
             sentenced
             rather
             worthie
             of
             punishment
             then
             audience
             ,
             and
             order
             given
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             not
             bee
             admitted
             to
             sit
             in
             Parlament
             ,
             but
             bee
             confined
             and
             banished
             ,
             som
             of
             them
             to
             the
             remotest
             parts
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             That
             since
             his
             Majestie
             's
             departure
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             with
             the
             President
             ,
             and
             rest
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             had
             given
             Commissions
             to
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             ,
             and
             the
             
               Alcalde
               Ronquillo
            
             ,
             to
             sack
             and
             make
             desolate
             the
             Citie
             of
             Segovia
             ,
             notwithstanding
             they
             sent
             to
             excuse
             and
             submit
             themselvs
             to
             the
             Council
             ,
             and
             that
             becaus
             of
             their
             so
             rigorous
             proceeding
             ,
             they
             sent
             to
             Toledo
             ,
             and
             other
             Cities
             ,
             for
             assistance
             ,
             who
             before
             they
             raised
             any
             forces
             to
             succour
             them
             ,
             desired
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             Council
             by
             waie
             of
             Petition
             to
             deal
             more
             favorably
             with
             those
             of
             Segovia
             ,
             but
             receiving
             no
             satisfactorie
             answer
             ,
             they
             sent
             an
             Armie
             into
             the
             field
             .
             They
             aggravated
             the
             crueltie
             of
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             in
             burning
             Medina
             ,
             whereby
             the
             Town
             was
             endammaged
             above
             two
             millions
             of
             Ducates
             ,
             and
             which
             occasioned
             the
             rising
             of
             divers
             other
             places
             .
             They
             declared
             how
             the
             Queen
             had
             commanded
             the
             Iunta
             to
             remove
             from
             Avila
             to
             Tordesillas
             .
             That
             they
             had
             undertaken
             the
             care
             of
             the
             Queen's
             person
             ,
             and
             put
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Denia
             and
             his
             Ladie
             from
             her
             ,
             holding
             them
             destructive
             to
             the
             advancement
             of
             the
             publick
             good
             .
             They
             alleged
             reasons
             
             for
             dissolving
             the
             Council
             ,
             which
             his
             Majestie
             had
             settled
             before
             his
             departure
             .
             And
             why
             they
             paied
             their
             Armie
             out
             of
             his
             Majestie●s
             Revenues
             .
             At
             last
             they
             desired
             his
             Majestie
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             grant
             and
             confirm
             all
             those
             Articles
             ,
             which
             their
             Embassadors
             should
             present
             him
             from
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             the
             intent
             and
             scope
             of
             them
             beeing
             meerly
             for
             his
             good
             ,
             and
             the
             peaceable
             Government
             ,
             by
             regulating
             and
             repairing
             the
             miseries
             and
             great
             dammages
             that
             had
             been
             occasioned
             through
             the
             evil
             Counsel
             of
             those
             ,
             which
             thitherto
             had
             abused
             and
             mis-led
             his
             Majest●e
             ;
             urging
             moreover
             ,
             that
             for
             the
             benefit
             of
             the
             Publick
             ,
             and
             the
             improving
             of
             his
             Roial
             Patrimonie
             ,
             it
             was
             necessarie
             and
             expedient
             ,
             that
             until
             such
             time
             as
             his
             Majestie
             should
             appoint
             other
             persons
             of
             better
             temper
             ,
             and
             uprighter
             intentions
             to
             reside
             in
             his
             High
             Council
             then
             the
             former
             were
             ,
             his
             Majestie
             should
             give
             power
             to
             those
             Cities
             and
             Towns
             ,
             which
             had
             Vote
             in
             Parlament
             ,
             to
             provide
             and
             see
             to
             the
             Administration
             of
             Justice
             ,
             and
             other
             things
             wherein
             those
             of
             his
             Council
             ought
             to
             have
             been
             more
             circumspect
             and
             moderate
             .
             And
             also
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             revoke
             the
             Commissions
             and
             Autoritie
             which
             hee
             had
             sent
             to
             the
             ,
             then
             ruling
             ,
             Governors
             ,
             becaus
             they
             were
             men
             whom
             the
             Kingdom
             could
             not
             endure
             .
             Besides
             this
             letter
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             they
             sent
             another
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Citie
             where
             hee
             then
             was
             ,
             desiring
             them
             to
             join
             with
             them
             in
             supplication
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             and
             procure
             his
             consent
             and
             approbation
             of
             all
             the
             Kingdom
             's
             desires
             ,
             in
             regard
             they
             tended
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ,
             the
             publick
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             the
             increasing
             of
             his
             Roial
             Patrimonie
             ,
             and
             were
             exceedingly
             conducing
             to
             a
             peaceable
             and
             quiet
             government
             .
             Dated
             from
             Tordesillas
             the
             20th
             of
             October
             ,
             1520.
             
             Under
             the
             the
             Letter
             was
             written
             ,
             I
             ,
             
               Lope
               de
               Pallares
            
             ,
             Secretarie
             of
             the
             Parlament
             and
             Iunta
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             caused
             this
             to
             bee
             written
             by
             their
             Command
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             ▪
             II.
             
          
           
             ARTICLES
             Of
             The
             KINGDOM
             .
          
           
             
               DON
               CARLOS
            
             and
             
               DONIA
               IUANA
            
             ,
             &c.
             
             To
             our
             Infantes
             ,
             well-beloved
             Children
             ,
             Brothers
             and
             Dukes
             ,
             Greeting
             .
             Know
             yee
             ,
             that
             for
             the
             remedying
             and
             repairing
             the
             great
             dammages
             and
             exorbitancies
             ,
             which
             have
             been
             and
             are
             in
             our
             Kingdoms
             of
             Castilla
             and
             Leon
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             former
             evil
             Counsel
             and
             Government
             of
             our
             said
             Kingdoms
             ,
             The
             Commissioners
             or
             Procuradores
             of
             those
             Cities
             and
             Towns
             that
             have
             Vote
             in
             Parlament
             ,
             are
             assembled
             as
             becometh
             our
             Loial
             Subjects
             and
             Servants
             ,
             with
             zeal
             to
             our
             servic●
             and
             the
             publick
             good
             of
             our
             Kingdoms
             ,
             fulfilling
             that
             which
             the
             Laws
             of
             our
             Kingdoms
             oblige
             them
             to
             do
             ;
             And
             by
             special
             Command
             from
             us
             ,
             the
             Queen
             ,
             are
             com
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             to
             take
             care
             and
             provide
             for
             the
             reparation
             and
             remedie
             of
             the
             said
             dammages
             and
             exorbitancies
             ;
             To
             which
             effect
             they
             have
             made
             and
             ordeined
             certain
             Articles
             ,
             which
             are
             conducing
             and
             expedient
             for
             our
             service
             ,
             the
             good
             Government
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             the
             increasing
             of
             the
             Revenue
             and
             Partrimonie
             Roial
             .
             The
             Tenor
             whereof
             is
             as
             followeth
             :
          
           
             
               MOST
               HIGH
               AND
               MIGHTIE
               CATHOLICK
               PRINCES
               ,
               QUEEN
               AND
               KING
               OUR
               SOVEREIGNS
               ,
               That
               which
               the
               Cities
               ,
               Towns
               ,
               Villages
               ,
               Commonalties
               ,
               and
               Natives
               of
               your
               Kingdom
               of
               Castilla
               and
               Leon
               ,
               do
               desires
               your
               Majesties
               will
               bee
               pleased
               to
               grant
               for
               a
               perpetual
               Law
               ,
               is
               here
               ensuing
               :
               That
               which
               concern's
               his
               MAIESTIES
               ROIAL
               PERSON
               .
            
             
               FIrst
               ,
               These
               Kingdoms
               humblie
               supplicate
               your
               Majestie
               will
               bee
               pleased
               speedily
               to
               return
               into
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               and
               beeing
               com
               ,
               to
               remain
               ruling
               and
               governing
               them
               .
               For
               
               staying
               here
               your
               Majestie
               may
               give
               Laws
               and
               Command
               over
               the
               whole
               World
               ,
               as
               your
               Predecessors
               have
               done
               :
               And
               nothing
               of
               all
               that
               which
               they
               desire
               of
               your
               Majestie
               will
               bee
               so
               pleasing
               to
               these
               Kingdoms
               (
               although
               you
               should
               grant
               them
               much
               more
               ,
               for
               they
               hope
               your
               Majestie
               will
               condescend
               to
               all
               these
               things
               )
               then
               your
               speedie
               coming
               to
               them
               .
               For
               it
               is
               not
               the
               custom
               of
               Castilla
               ,
               to
               bee
               without
               their
               King
               ,
               neither
               can
               they
               b●e
               governed
               by
               others
               in
               peace
               and
               quiet
               ,
               which
               is
               very
               necessarie
               for
               your
               Royal
               service
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               These
               Kingdoms
               humbly
               beseech
               your
               Majestie
               at
               your
               return
               ,
               to
               bee
               pleased
               to
               marrie
               ,
               it
               beeing
               necessarie
               for
               the
               universal
               good
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               that
               there
               should
               bee
               some
               issue
               to
               succeed
               your
               Royal
               Person
               ,
               as
               they
               desire
               ,
               your
               Majestie
               's
               age
               now
               requiring
               it
               .
               And
               that
               you
               would
               bee
               pleased
               to
               take
               a
               wife
               according
               to
               the
               Vote
               and
               good
               l●king
               of
               these
               your
               Kingdoms
               ,
               for
               so
               shee
               shall
               bee
               of
               some
               Countrie
               in
               amitie
               with
               them
               ,
               as
               is
               most
               convenient
               for
               your
               service
               and
               the
               contentment
               of
               your
               Royal
               Person
               .
            
          
           
             
               That
               which
               concern's
               the
               Royal
               Familie
               .
            
             
               THat
               our
               Ladie
               and
               Sovereign
               the
               Queen's
               Royal
               hous
               bee
               put
               in
               such
               order
               and
               estate
               ,
               as
               is
               becoming
               her
               Royal
               Person
               ,
               and
               the
               honor
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               .
               That
               the
               Officers
               about
               her
               bee
               persons
               of
               qualitie
               .
               That
               her
               hous
               bee
               sufficiently
               provided
               of
               all
               thing
               befitting
               her
               dignitie
               ,
               for
               so
               her
               Highn●ss
               will
               bee
               well
               pleased
               with
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               and
               they
               obliged
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               That
               his
               Majestie
               would
               bee
               pleased
               at
               his
               return
               into
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               to
               bring
               neither
               
                 Flemings
                 ,
                 French
              
               ,
               nor
               other
               strangers
               whatsoëver
               ,
               to
               bear
               any
               Office
               in
               his
               Royal
               Familie
               .
               But
               that
               hee
               would
               confer
               all
               such
               Offices
               upon
               Natives
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               there
               beeing
               multitudes
               of
               able
               and
               sufficient
               persons
               ,
               who
               will
               serv
               his
               Majestie
               with
               much
               affection
               and
               loyaltie
               ,
               and
               that
               his
               heirs
               and
               successors
               for
               ever
               should
               continue
               the
               like
               order
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               That
               neither
               his
               Majestie
               ,
               nor
               his
               successors
               ,
               bring
               in
               ,
               
               or
               entertain
               any
               forreign
               souldiers
               for
               the
               guard
               of
               their
               Persons
               or
               defens
               of
               their
               Kingdoms
               ,
               in
               regard
               there
               are
               war-like
               and
               courageous
               men
               enough
               amongst
               the
               Natives
               ,
               not
               onely
               to
               defend
               their
               own
               Countrie
               ,
               but
               to
               conquer
               others
               ,
               as
               they
               had
               done
               heretofore
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               That
               his
               Majestie
               beeing
               in
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               and
               having
               none
               but
               Natives
               about
               him
               ,
               would
               bee
               pleased
               to
               order
               his
               Familie
               in
               all
               respects
               as
               
                 Don
                 Fernando
              
               ,
               his
               grandfather
               ,
               and
               
                 Donia
                 Isabel
              
               his
               Queen
               ,
               and
               the
               rest
               of
               the
               Catholick
               King
               's
               ,
               his
               Progenitors
               of
               glorious
               memorie
               ,
               had
               done
               before
               him
               .
               For
               in
               so
               doing
               hee
               would
               save
               a
               number
               of
               unnecessarie
               expences
               which
               were
               made
               in
               his
               table
               and
               houshold
               ;
               and
               this
               would
               palpably
               appear
               ,
               for
               his
               Majestie
               will
               find
               that
               in
               the
               dishes
               for
               his
               own
               table
               ,
               and
               those
               that
               are
               made
               for
               the
               f●vorites
               and
               great
               persons
               of
               his
               familie
               ,
               is
               daiely
               spent
               one
               hundred
               and
               fiftie
               thousand
               Maravediz
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               table-expences
               of
               
                 Don
                 Fernando
              
               the
               King
               and
               
                 Donia
                 Isabel
              
               (
               who
               were
               excellent
               and
               powerfull
               Princes
               )
               besides
               the
               Prince
               
                 Don
                 Iohn
              
               (
               whom
               God
               receiv
               in
               his
               glorie
               )
               and
               the
               Infantes
               ,
               with
               a
               multitude
               of
               attendants
               ,
               amounted
               to
               no
               more
               then
               twelv
               or
               fifteen
               thousand
               
                 Maravediz
                 ,
                 per
                 diem
              
               .
               And
               hence
               proceed's
               his
               Majestie
               's
               wants
               ,
               and
               the
               impoverishing
               of
               the
               People
               and
               Commonalties
               ,
               by
               ●ubsidies
               and
               other
               taxes
               imposed
               upon
               them
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               In
               regard
               it
               hath
               been
               ,
               and
               is
               a
               very
               excessive
               charge
               ,
               to
               allow
               wages
               to
               such
               as
               are
               not
               domestick's
               ,
               That
               hence-fo●wards
               there
               bee
               no
               Salaries
               given
               to
               any
               Courtier
               's
               wives
               ,
               or
               children
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               persons
               whatsoëver
               ,
               no●
               in
               immediate
               service
               ,
               or
               shortly
               to
               bee
               entertained
               and
               admitted
               .
               But
               if
               any
               man
               should
               die
               in
               his
               Majestie
               's
               service
               ,
               in
               satisfaction
               or
               equivalence
               thereof
               ,
               hee
               might
               allow
               a
               pension
               or
               stipend
               to
               the
               wife
               or
               children
               of
               the
               deceased
               ,
               although
               they
               bee
               not
               of
               age
               to
               serv.
               
            
             
               Item
               ,
               In
               regard
               after
               the
               most
               ●llustrious
               Queen
               ,
               our
               Ladie
               
                 Donia
                 Isabel
              
               his
               Majestie
               's
               Grandmother
               ,
               was
               taken
               with
               the
               sickness
               ,
               whereof
               shee
               died
               ,
               divers
               superfluous
               offices
               were
               
               crept
               into
               the
               Royal
               Familie
               ,
               which
               never
               were
               before
               ,
               That
               whosoëver
               injoyed
               any
               such
               office
               or
               offices
               ,
               might
               forthwith
               bee
               discarded
               ,
               and
               bee
               allowed
               no
               Salarie
               :
               And
               all
               such
               superfluous
               expences
               bee
               imployed
               for
               necessarie
               uses
               ,
               more
               conducing
               to
               his
               Majestie
               's
               service
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               That
               in
               his
               Majestie
               's
               houshold
               no
               Grandee
               might
               have
               any
               office
               concerning
               the
               Revenue
               or
               Royal
               Patrimonie
               ,
               and
               if
               any
               enjoy
               any
               such
               office
               at
               present
               ,
               that
               it
               maie
               bee
               taken
               from
               them
               .
               For
               this
               is
               very
               inconvenient
               ,
               and
               maie
               greatly
               impaire
               the
               said
               Patrimonie
               and
               Royal
               Revenue
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               That
               during
               his
               Majestie
               's
               absence
               from
               these
               Kingdoms
               his
               houshold
               officers
               ,
               and
               other
               persons
               ,
               who
               have
               relation
               or
               attendance
               upon
               his
               Majestie
               ,
               bee
               payed
               out
               of
               the
               Royal
               Revenue
               .
            
          
           
             
               Concerning
               GOVERNORS
               .
            
             
               THat
               ,
               In
               regard
               in
               his
               Majestie
               's
               absence
               it
               is
               requisite
               to
               have
               one
               or
               more
               Governors
               in
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               such
               Governor
               or
               Governors
               might
               bee
               Natives
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               of
               Castilla
               and
               Leon
               ,
               appointed
               and
               chosen
               with
               consent
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               ,
               and
               that
               with
               their
               beeing
               Natives
               may
               concur
               the
               other
               qualities
               ,
               which
               by
               the
               Law
               established
               by
               the
               King
               
                 Don
                 Alonso
              
               ,
               called
               ,
               
                 Ley
                 de
                 La
                 Partida
              
               ,
               is
               required
               .
               That
               the
               said
               Law
               may
               bee
               observed
               and
               fulfilled
               to
               perpetuitie
               ;
               As
               also
               the
               Order
               of
               Election
               and
               Provision
               ,
               with
               the
               Conditions
               which
               dispose
               in
               what
               case
               a
               Governor
               or
               Governors
               are
               to
               bee
               chosen
               ,
               as
               in
               respect
               of
               minoritie
               ,
               absence
               ,
               or
               whatsoëver
               other
               occasion
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               Provisions
               ,
               Orders
               or
               Commissions
               which
               his
               Majestie
               had
               given
               in
               those
               Kingdoms
               ,
               contrarie
               to
               the
               above
               specified
               form
               ,
               might
               be
               declared
               void
               ,
               and
               that
               hee
               would
               command
               those
               and
               every
               of
               those
               Governors
               ,
               whom
               hee
               had
               autorized
               ,
               to
               forbear
               the
               execution
               of
               that
               office
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               Governor
               or
               Governors
               ,
               beeing
               constituted
               in
               the
               abovesaid
               manner
               and
               form
               ,
               may
               bee
               invested
               with
               power
               to
               confer
               dignities
               ,
               offices
               ,
               administration
               of
               Justice
               ,
               
               and
               to
               redress
               grievances
               :
               And
               this
               not
               onely
               in
               the
               Kingdoms
               of
               Castilla
               ,
               but
               also
               in
               the
               Isles
               and
               firm
               land
               alreadie
               discovered
               ,
               or
               to
               bee
               discovered
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               provide
               them
               within
               ten
               daies
               .
               That
               they
               may
               present
               Dignities
               and
               places
               Vacant
               ,
               and
               do
               as
               much
               therein
               ,
               as
               the
               King
               himself
               in
               person
               ,
               but
               not
               give
               any
               g●ft
               or
               gratuitie
               out
               of
               the
               Royal
               Patrimonie
               ,
               nor
               any
               t●ing
               thereunto
               belonging
               .
            
          
           
             
               Concerning
               BILLETS
               .
            
             
               THe
               lodging
               by
               Billets
               (
               which
               is
               practised
               no
               where
               neither
               amongst
               Infidels
               nor
               Christians
               ,
               but
               in
               this
               Kingdom
               )
               beeing
               a
               thing
               most
               exorbitant
               ,
               and
               whence
               have
               proceeded
               and
               do
               proceed
               inconveniences
               and
               dammages
               so
               excessive
               ,
               that
               a
               small
               volume
               cannot
               contain
               them
               ,
               and
               his
               Majestie
               's
               subjects
               suffer
               thereby
               not
               a
               little
               ,
               aswell
               in
               their
               honors
               and
               lives
               ,
               as
               in
               their
               estates
               ,
               That
               for
               ever
               henceforth
               they
               may
               bee
               freed
               from
               so
               abominable
               and
               prejudicial
               a
               servitude
               .
               And
               that
               in
               these
               Kingdoms
               no
               such
               Billets
               bee
               given
               in
               any
               kinde
               ,
               neither
               by
               the
               King
               's
               themselvs
               ,
               nor
               any
               Lords
               ,
               Noblemen
               or
               Prelates
               whatsoëver
               ,
               and
               in
               case
               any
               should
               bee
               given
               ,
               That
               the
               People
               may
               not
               bee
               obliged
               to
               accept
               of
               them
               ,
               unless
               with
               their
               own
               con●ents
               ,
               they
               paying
               for
               their
               lodgings
               ,
               as
               shall
               bee
               agreed
               upon
               with
               the
               owners
               or
               inhabitants
               of
               the
               houses
               ,
               whither
               such
               Billets
               shall
               bee
               brought
               or
               directed
               .
               But
               in
               his
               Majestie
               's
               progresses
               ,
               That
               lodging
               and
               linnen
               should
               bee
               allowed
               Gratìs
               for
               those
               of
               his
               houshold
               and
               Court
               ,
               so
               that
               hee
               exceed
               not
               the
               term
               of
               six
               daies
               in
               one
               place
               ,
               which
               expired
               ,
               they
               should
               paie
               for
               their
               lodging
               according
               to
               the
               ordinarie
               rate
               and
               custom
               .
               Likewise
               ,
               That
               the
               Souldiers
               of
               the
               Guard
               should
               have
               free
               quarter
               after
               the
               usuall
               manner
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               their
               Majestie
               's
               the
               
                 King's
                 ,
                 Princes
              
               ,
               and
               Infantes
               ,
               his
               predecessors
               ,
               had
               given
               and
               allotted
               convenient
               lodgings
               for
               their
               Royal
               Persons
               and
               Familie
               ,
               and
               to
               the
               number
               of
               seventie
               ,
               but
               no
               more
               ,
               for
               the
               officers
               which
               were
               of
               necessitie
               to
               bee
               neer
               the
               Palace
               were
               appointed
               in
               the
               same
               Citie
               ,
               
               or
               Town
               where
               the
               Court
               was
               ,
               and
               in
               such
               houses
               as
               the
               
                 Council
                 ,
                 Iustice
              
               and
               Regidores
               of
               the
               said
               place
               should
               finde
               convenient
               and
               suitable
               to
               the
               conditions
               and
               qualitie
               of
               the
               persons
               to
               bee
               lodged
               ,
               and
               the
               said
               seventie
               lodgings
               to
               bee
               paid
               according
               as
               the
               said
               
                 Council
                 ,
                 Iustice
              
               and
               Regidores
               should
               rate
               or
               tax
               them
               .
               And
               that
               for
               paiment
               hereof
               ,
               all
               the
               Cities
               ,
               Towns
               ,
               Villages
               ,
               or
               Burrougsh
               should
               contribute
               without
               ex●mption
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               cessment
               made
               by
               the
               said
               
                 Council
                 ,
                 Iustice
              
               and
               Regidores
               ,
               without
               troubling
               or
               asking
               leav
               of
               his
               Majestie
               ,
               insomuch
               that
               under
               colour
               thereof
               ,
               there
               should
               bee
               no
               more
               cessed
               or
               gathered
               ,
               then
               what
               the
               rent
               of
               the
               said
               lodgings
               would
               amount
               to
               ,
               under
               penaltie
               of
               the
               Law.
               
            
             
               Item
               ,
               That
               these
               lodgings
               which
               are
               allowed
               for
               his
               Majestie
               's
               familie
               ,
               are
               not
               intended
               for
               those
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               for
               the
               Alcaldes
               of
               his
               hous
               and
               Court
               ,
               nor
               the
               Alguaziles
               ,
               or
               other
               Judges
               or
               Officers
               whatsoëver
               ,
               nor
               the
               High
               Treasurers
               ,
               or
               any
               such
               like
               ,
               for
               these
               are
               to
               paie
               for
               their
               lodgings
               ,
               by
               the
               order
               and
               form
               before
               mentioned
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               That
               his
               Majestie
               ,
               or
               the
               Kings
               or
               Princes
               his
               Successors
               ,
               might
               not
               give
               anie
               Billets
               in
               general
               or
               particular
               ,
               or
               other
               Command
               whatsoëver
               ,
               that
               the
               Inhabitants
               of
               such
               Cities
               ,
               Towns
               ,
               or
               Villages
               should
               furnish
               lodgings
               ,
               contrarie
               to
               their
               own
               wills
               and
               consents
               :
               And
               that
               in
               case
               any
               such
               Billet
               general
               ,
               or
               particular
               ,
               by
               waie
               of
               intreatie
               or
               command
               ,
               should
               bee
               given
               ,
               it
               might
               bee
               received
               with
               respect
               ,
               but
               not
               fulfilled
               ,
               neither
               the
               Owners
               or
               Inhabitants
               of
               the
               said
               houses
               bee
               obliged
               to
               accommodate
               the
               bearers
               thereof
               .
            
          
           
             
               Co●cerning
               Customs
               ,
               Taxes
               ,
               the
               Revenues
               Roial
               ,
               Pole-monie
               ,
               and
               Fee
               farms
               .
            
             
               THat
               the
               Customs
               and
               Thirds
               which
               belong
               to
               the
               Crown
               ,
               may
               bee
               reduced
               to
               the
               same
               number
               and
               quantitie
               as
               they
               were
               instituted
               by
               the
               Catholick
               King
               
                 Don
                 Fernando
              
               and
               
                 Donia
                 Isabel
                 ,
                 Anno
              
               1494.
               
               That
               at
               the
               same
               rates
               and
               value
               all
               the
               Cities
               ,
               Towns
               ,
               Villages
               ,
               with
               their
               several
               Lordships
               and
               Leases
               of
               Abbie-lands
               ,
               may
               remain
               taxed
               for
               
               ever
               ,
               and
               no
               higher
               :
               for
               they
               may
               not
               bee
               raised
               nor
               abated
               at
               anie
               time
               ,
               since
               such
               was
               the
               pleasure
               of
               the
               most
               Illustrious
               Queen
               
                 Donia
                 Isabel
              
               ,
               our
               Ladie
               and
               Sovereign
               ,
               as
               appear's
               by
               her
               last
               Will
               and
               Testament
               .
               And
               it
               is
               better
               for
               the
               augment
               of
               the
               Roial
               Revenue
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               the
               good
               of
               the
               kingdom
               ;
               for
               there
               was
               more
               gold
               and
               silver
               brought
               to
               his
               Majestie
               's
               Exchequer
               by
               the
               simple
               Penie-rents
               ,
               then
               by
               these
               racking
               enhancements
               ,
               considering
               the
               breaches
               and
               failings
               which
               have
               been
               ,
               and
               are
               amongst
               those
               that
               farm
               the
               Subsidies
               ,
               neither
               is
               that
               burthensom
               to
               the
               kingdom
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               That
               the
               people
               may
               take
               in
               the
               said
               perpetual
               Tax
               ,
               the
               said
               Customs
               and
               Thirds
               ,
               and
               be
               obliged
               to
               rent
               the
               Situados
               that
               there
               was
               upon
               the
               said
               Customs
               and
               Thirds
               ,
               restoring
               to
               their
               Majesties
               the
               over-plus
               ,
               having
               paid
               the
               Situados
               and
               rights
               at
               the
               accustomed
               places
               and
               summons
               ▪
               By
               this
               means
               their
               Majestie
               's
               servants
               and
               retainers
               would
               bee
               duly
               paied
               ,
               
               and
               all
               those
               bribes
               and
               selling
               of
               Librancas
               would
               bee
               saved
               ,
               neither
               would
               there
               be
               any
               need
               of
               so
               many
               Officers
               ;
               &
               their
               Majesties
               might
               spare
               great
               sums
               of
               monie
               ,
               much
               wages
               ,
               and
               a
               multitude
               of
               discharges
               ,
               or
               bills
               of
               receipt
               ,
               which
               were
               given
               to
               Officers
               more
               then
               needed
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               That
               the
               Queen
               and
               King
               ,
               our
               Sovereigns
               ,
               and
               their
               Successors
               in
               these
               kingdoms
               ,
               bee
               contented
               for
               ever
               to
               have
               and
               rais
               their
               Customs
               ,
               by
               and
               according
               to
               the
               fore-mentioned
               imposition
               ,
               and
               no
               otherwise
               ,
               in
               regard
               so
               they
               are
               certain
               ,
               and
               not
               variable
               ,
               neither
               will
               there
               bee
               anie
               thing
               diminished
               of
               the
               Revenue
               ,
               there
               still
               accruing
               to
               the
               Crown
               other
               profitable
               rights
               ,
               as
               Fines
               ,
               Confiscations
               of
               goods
               ,
               the
               Salt-pit-rents
               ,
               
               the
               Mountain-Tributes
               ,
               Subsidies
               ,
               Customerships
               ,
               and
               
                 Puertos
                 secos
              
               ,
               besides
               currant
               monie
               ,
               taxes
               ,
               and
               ordinarie
               paiments
               of
               the
               kingdom
               ,
               with
               the
               rents
               of
               Maestrazgos
               .
               And
               that
               which
               com's
               from
               the
               Indies
               ,
               Isles
               and
               Firm-land
               amount's
               to
               so
               great
               a
               sum
               ,
               
               that
               thereby
               his
               Majestie
               may
               sufficiently
               maintein
               his
               state
               ,
               without
               pressing
               the
               Kingdom
               in
               Parlament
               ,
               and
               out
               of
               Parlament
               ,
               to
               grant
               any
               other
               extraordinarie
               Subsidies
               ,
               whereby
               the
               people
               is
               much
               aggrieved
               ,
               and
               
               t●eir
               Roial
               Consciences
               can
               bee
               no
               less
               burthened
               with
               the
               oppression
               and
               great
               dammages
               of
               these
               kingdoms
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               That
               all
               the
               Inhabitants
               of
               the
               Cities
               ,
               Towns
               ,
               Villages
               ,
               Burroughs
               and
               Lordships
               ,
               may
               enjoie
               the
               said
               perpetual
               taxes
               in
               general
               ,
               that
               none
               amongst
               them
               may
               rent
               or
               farm
               any
               particular
               part
               thereof
               at
               a
               higher
               rate
               then
               the
               said
               taxes
               ,
               nor
               ●hat
               anie
               more
               sesments
               bee
               made
               amongst
               the
               Inhabitants
               of
               the
               said
               places
               ,
               then
               what
               shall
               bee
               necessarie
               for
               the
               recovering
               and
               gathering
               of
               the
               said
               taxes
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               everie
               Citie
               or
               Town
               that
               is
               chief
               of
               the
               Countie
               ,
               do
               caus
               a
               Chest
               to
               bee
               set
               in
               som
               secure
               place
               ,
               wherein
               they
               may
               put
               or
               gather
               the
               Roial
               Revenue
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               see
               to
               and
               provide
               ,
               that
               which
               shall
               bee
               necessarie
               for
               the
               estate
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               ;
               And
               chiefly
               to
               have
               a
               care
               that
               the
               Queen
               ,
               our
               Sove●eign
               ●adie's
               familie
               ,
               bee
               maintained
               and
               furnished
               with
               all
               things
               suitable
               to
               the
               Dignitie
               of
               her
               Royal
               Person
               ,
               and
               the
               honor
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               ,
               next
               ,
               to
               paie
               the
               Searchers
               ,
               Counsels
               and
               Chanceries
               ,
               with
               other
               ordinarie
               offices
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               and
               beeing
               payed
               ,
               that
               it
               remain
               stated
               in
               the
               offices
               of
               the
               
                 Puertos
                 Secos
              
               ,
               mountain-Tributes
               ,
               and
               Customerships
               ,
               and
               (
               in
               case
               any
               bee
               wanting
               )
               in
               the
               hous
               of
               the
               Contratacion
               of
               Sevilla
               ;
               And
               the
               remainder
               of
               the
               Revenue
               and
               Royal
               Patrimonie
               to
               bee
               kept
               in
               the
               treasure
               ,
               and
               delivered
               to
               his
               Majestie
               ,
               when
               it
               shall
               pleas
               God
               that
               hee
               return
               into
               this
               Kingdom
               ,
               or
               to
               supplie
               his
               necessities
               ,
               and
               those
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               if
               any
               real
               and
               urgent
               occasion
               doth
               require
               it
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               the
               residue
               ,
               or
               any
               thing
               that
               is
               unpaied
               of
               the
               Revenue
               ,
               after
               ten
               years
               ,
               may
               not
               bee
               farmed
               or
               recovered
               .
               For
               by
               recovering
               debts
               of
               so
               long
               standing
               ,
               may
               arise
               great
               extorsions
               and
               grievances
               on
               the
               Natives
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               or
               their
               sureties
               ,
               children
               and
               heirs
               ,
               who
               after
               so
               many
               years
               can
               not
               ,
               perchance
               ,
               produce
               the
               discharges
               and
               acquittances
               that
               had
               been
               given
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Concerning
               Commissioners
               or
               Burgesses
               of
               Parlament
               ,
               Subsidies
               .
            
             
               THat
               the
               Subsidie
               granted
               to
               his
               Majestie
               by
               some
               Commissioners
               at
               the
               Parlament
               in
               the
               Citie
               of
               the
               Groyn
               ,
               bee
               neither
               demanded
               nor
               received
               ,
               nor
               any
               other
               imposed
               hereafter
               ;
               Nor
               that
               any
               other
               impositions
               ,
               or
               tributes
               ,
               extraordinarie
               bee
               layed
               upon
               the
               Kingdom
               by
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               or
               any
               of
               their
               Successors
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               when
               any
               Burgesses
               or
               Commissioners
               are
               to
               bee
               sent
               to
               Parlament
               ,
               the
               Custom
               of
               each
               Citie
               is
               to
               bee
               observed
               in
               the
               state
               of
               the
               Regimiento
               ;
               moreover
               ,
               one
               is
               to
               bee
               sent
               from
               the
               Chapter
               or
               Clergie
               ,
               another
               from
               the
               state
               of
               the
               Gentrie
               ,
               a
               third
               from
               the
               State
               of
               the
               Commonaltie
               ,
               and
               every
               State
               to
               elect
               and
               nominate
               their
               Commissioner
               severally
               in
               a
               distinct
               assembly
               ;
               Which
               Commissioners
               are
               to
               bee
               payed
               by
               their
               own
               Citie
               or
               Town
               ,
               except
               the
               Commissioner
               of
               the
               Clergie
               ,
               who
               is
               to
               bee
               maintained
               by
               the
               Chapter
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               When
               any
               Parlament
               is
               called
               ,
               and
               the
               Cities
               and
               Towns
               ,
               which
               have
               Vote
               ,
               bee
               summoned
               to
               send
               their
               Commissioners
               ,
               That
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               or
               any
               their
               Successors
               ,
               in
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               send
               not
               to
               the
               said
               Commissioners
               any
               Power
               ,
               Instruction
               ,
               or
               Command
               ,
               in
               what
               manner
               and
               form
               their
               Powers
               are
               to
               bee
               granted
               ,
               nor
               appoint
               or
               nominate
               any
               particular
               persons
               to
               bee
               Commissioners
               :
               But
               that
               such
               Citie
               or
               Towns
               may
               have
               free
               libertie
               to
               grant
               Powers
               according
               to
               their
               own
               sence
               ,
               and
               to
               such
               persons
               ,
               as
               they
               shall
               think
               most
               convenient
               for
               the
               good
               of
               their
               Republick
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               Wheresoëver
               the
               Parlament
               bee
               assembled
               ,
               That
               the
               Commissioners
               may
               have
               the
               freedom
               to
               meet
               ,
               confer
               and
               discours
               with
               one
               another
               ,
               as
               often
               as
               they
               shall
               think
               good
               ,
               and
               that
               no
               President
               bee
               ordered
               to
               com
               amongst
               them
               ▪
               for
               that
               would
               hinder
               them
               from
               attending
               to
               those
               things
               ,
               which
               particularly
               concern
               the
               Cities
               ,
               and
               the
               good
               of
               the
               Republick
               ,
               which
               they
               represent
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               during
               the
               time
               of
               the
               Commissioners
               beeing
               at
               Parlament
               ,
               nor
               before
               or
               after
               their
               return
               to
               their
               hou●es
               ,
               as
               
               having
               been
               ,
               or
               beeing
               Commissioners
               in
               the
               said
               Parlament
               ,
               they
               may
               not
               receiv
               directly
               or
               indirectly
               ,
               under
               what
               colour
               or
               pretence
               soêver
               ,
               any
               present
               or
               gratuitie
               from
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               or
               their
               Successors
               ,
               in
               these
               kingdoms
               ,
               of
               what
               value
               or
               qualitie
               soëver
               ,
               neither
               for
               themselvs
               ,
               their
               wives
               ,
               children
               or
               kindred
               ,
               under
               pain
               of
               death
               ,
               and
               confiscation
               of
               goods
               :
               which
               goods
               may
               bee
               emploied
               for
               the
               publick
               reparations
               of
               the
               Citie
               or
               Town
               ,
               whereof
               any
               such
               Delinquent
               was
               Commissioner
               .
               For
               they
               beeing
               free
               from
               Covetousness
               ,
               and
               without
               hopes
               of
               receiving
               anie
               bribes
               in
               that
               nature
               ,
               will
               bee
               more
               attentive
               and
               zealous
               for
               the
               service
               of
               God
               ,
               the
               King
               ,
               and
               the
               publick
               ,
               and
               more
               careful
               to
               perform
               what
               was
               encharged
               them
               by
               their
               Towns
               and
               Cities
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               Commissioners
               may
               onely
               have
               the
               bare
               stipend
               ,
               which
               shall
               bee
               allowed
               them
               by
               their
               Cities
               or
               Towns
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               said
               stipend
               or
               Salarie
               bee
               competent
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               condition
               and
               qualitie
               of
               the
               person
               ,
               and
               the
               place
               from
               whence
               hee
               is
               emploied
               as
               Commissioner
               ;
               And
               that
               this
               Salarie
               bee
               paied
               out
               of
               the
               proper
               Inhabitants
               Revenue
               of
               each
               Town
               ,
               or
               Citie
               ,
               that
               doth
               send
               the
               said
               Commissioner
               ,
               according
               as
               they
               shall
               bee
               taxed
               by
               the
               
                 Council
                 ,
                 Iustice
              
               ,
               and
               Regidores
               of
               the
               said
               place
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               said
               Commissioners
               may
               choos
               and
               entertain
               one
               or
               more
               Lawyers
               beeing
               at
               Parlament
               ,
               as
               they
               see
               occasion
               ,
               to
               whom
               the
               Cities
               or
               Towns
               are
               to
               paie
               a
               competent
               Salarie
               ,
               but
               may
               change
               them
               as
               often
               as
               they
               pleas
               .
               And
               that
               the
               said
               Lawyer
               may
               not
               demand
               or
               receiv
               any
               gratuitie
               from
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               or
               other
               person
               ,
               in
               their
               names
               (
               as
               is
               above
               instructed
               and
               ordered
               for
               the
               Commissioners
               )
               neither
               may
               any
               Lawyer
               at
               all
               bee
               entertained
               by
               the
               Commissioners
               ,
               but
               with
               the
               good
               liking
               and
               consent
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               their
               Majesties
               would
               revoke
               and
               declare
               to
               bee
               void
               all
               gratuities
               of
               what
               qualitie
               so●ver
               ,
               which
               were
               given
               to
               the
               Commissioners
               of
               the
               last
               Parlament
               ,
               held
               in
               the
               Kingdom
               of
               Galicia
               ,
               and
               that
               neither
               they
               ,
               nor
               their
               wives
               ,
               children
               ,
               heirs
               or
               Successors
               ,
               may
               injoie
               any
               part
               or
               parcel
               thereof
               ,
               
               under
               penaltie
               of
               losing
               their
               goods
               ,
               for
               the
               publick
               reparations
               of
               the
               Citie
               ,
               or
               Town
               ,
               whereof
               they
               were
               Commissioners
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               thenceforwards
               to
               perpetuitie
               ,
               the
               Cities
               and
               Towns
               ,
               that
               have
               Vote
               in
               Parlament
               ,
               may
               meet
               and
               assemble
               every
               three
               years
               by
               their
               Commissioners
               ,
               who
               are
               to
               bee
               chosen
               out
               of
               the
               three
               States
               (
               as
               is
               aforesaid
               )
               .
               And
               that
               it
               may
               bee
               done
               in
               the
               absence
               ,
               and
               without
               licence
               from
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               or
               the
               succeeding
               Kings
               ;
               to
               the
               end
               ,
               that
               beeing
               so
               assembled
               ,
               they
               may
               procure
               and
               see
               ,
               that
               the
               Contents
               of
               these
               Articles
               bee
               punctually
               observed
               ;
               and
               that
               they
               may
               discours
               of
               ,
               and
               provide
               other
               things
               which
               may
               bee
               expedient
               for
               the
               service
               of
               the
               Roial
               Crown
               ,
               and
               the
               publick
               good
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               said
               Parlament
               beeing
               ended
               ,
               the
               said
               Commissioners
               may
               bee
               obliged
               within
               fourtie
               daies
               ,
               to
               return
               to
               their
               Cities
               ,
               or
               Towns
               ,
               and
               give
               an
               account
               of
               what
               they
               had
               done
               in
               the
               said
               Parlament
               ,
               under
               pain
               of
               losing
               their
               Salarie
               ,
               and
               beeing
               deprived
               of
               their
               Office
               ,
               which
               their
               Majesties
               might
               dispose
               as
               vacant
               .
            
          
           
             
               Concerning
               Coin.
               
            
             
               THat
               no
               monie
               bee
               transported
               out
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               either
               Gold
               or
               ●ilver
               ,
               coined
               or
               to
               bee
               coined
               :
               Since
               it
               is
               forbidden
               by
               the
               Laws
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               under
               pain
               of
               death
               ,
               confiscation
               of
               goods
               ,
               and
               other
               Penalties
               .
               For
               the
               contrarie
               having
               been
               done
               ,
               especially
               since
               his
               Majestie
               's
               coming
               into
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               the
               Countrie
               is
               impoverished
               and
               destroyed
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               forthwith
               monie
               bee
               coined
               in
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               of
               a
               different
               rate
               and
               value
               ,
               then
               that
               of
               the
               neighboring
               Countries
               ,
               and
               that
               it
               bee
               of
               a
               base
               alloy
               two
               Caratts
               under
               the
               rate
               of
               the
               finest
               Gold
               ,
               which
               may
               countervail
               in
               weight
               and
               value
               the
               Crowns
               of
               Gold
               that
               are
               made
               in
               France
               ;
               By
               which
               means
               it
               will
               not
               bee
               carried
               out
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               .
               Alwaies
               provided
               ,
               that
               whosoëver
               should
               bee
               indebted
               any
               
               quantitie
               of
               Maravediz
               ,
               before
               the
               time
               of
               publication
               of
               the
               new
               coined
               monie
               ,
               might
               bee
               obliged
               to
               make
               paiment
               in
               the
               coin
               ,
               which
               was
               then
               currant
               ,
               or
               to
               make
               up
               the
               value
               thereof
               in
               monie
               of
               the
               later
               stamp
               .
            
          
           
             
               Silver
               Coined
               .
            
             
               THat
               a
               mark
               of
               Silver
               out
               of
               the
               Mint
               may
               bee
               of
               the
               just
               value
               of
               two
               thousand
               two
               hundred
               and
               fiftie
               Maravediz
               ,
               and
               no
               more
               .
            
          
           
             
               Copper
               Monie
               .
            
             
               THat
               new
               copper
               monie
               may
               bee
               coined
               ,
               and
               in
               regard
               too
               much
               Silver
               mixed
               with
               it
               is
               but
               lost
               ,
               into
               everie
               Mark
               should
               bee
               cast
               onely
               the
               quantitie
               of
               one
               of
               the
               new
               Ryals
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               the
               monie
               of
               Silver
               mixt
               and
               Copper
               ,
               which
               is
               made
               in
               other
               Countries
               ,
               is
               much
               less
               worth
               then
               it
               passeth
               for
               in
               this
               Kingdom
               ,
               and
               the
               profit
               and
               gain
               thereof
               remaineth
               in
               forreign
               Nations
               ,
               who
               carrie
               away
               our
               Gold
               for
               their
               base
               monie
               .
               That
               six
               months
               beeing
               expired
               after
               the
               coining
               of
               the
               said
               new
               monie
               ,
               publick
               proclamation
               might
               bee
               made
               to
               prohibit
               the
               taking
               or
               receiving
               any
               of
               the
               said
               foreign
               mixt
               S●lver
               and
               Copper
               monie
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               the
               old
               monie
               which
               is
               now
               currant
               ,
               in
               no
               wise
               may
               bee
               made
               away
               ,
               given
               ,
               or
               sold
               out
               of
               the
               Mint-hous
               ,
               directly
               or
               indirectly
               ,
               at
               any
               higher
               rate
               then
               now
               it
               goe's
               ,
               under
               penaltie
               that
               whosoëver
               shall
               bee
               defective
               herein
               ,
               may
               lose
               his
               monie
               and
               third
               part
               of
               his
               estate
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               that
               it
               may
               bee
               all
               coined
               ,
               to
               make
               new
               monie
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               In
               regard
               before
               the
               new
               monie
               bee
               all
               coined
               ,
               and
               especially
               in
               the
               beginning
               ,
               those
               who
               make
               a
               trade
               of
               transporting
               monie
               out
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               may
               indeavor
               ,
               and
               bee
               apt
               to
               convey
               much
               away
               ,
               That
               new
               searchers
               may
               bee
               placed
               in
               all
               Ports
               ,
               by
               Sea
               and
               Land
               ,
               and
               such
               as
               may
               applie
               their
               whole
               care
               and
               diligence
               to
               the
               well
               executing
               of
               this
               particular
               ,
               and
               nothing
               els
               ,
               provided
               ,
               they
               bee
               persons
               of
               
               trust
               .
               And
               that
               whosoêver
               shall
               bee
               found
               guiltie
               of
               this
               fact
               ,
               may
               bee
               punished
               and
               condemned
               to
               death
               (
               if
               convinced
               )
               without
               any
               further
               process
               ,
               That
               there
               may
               bee
               no
               reclaiming
               or
               remission
               of
               this
               penaltie
               and
               punishment
               ,
               but
               if
               those
               who
               are
               incharged
               therewith
               ,
               bee
               slack
               or
               negligent
               in
               the
               execution
               of
               their
               office
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               suffer
               the
               same
               punishment
               .
               And
               to
               the
               end
               this
               may
               bee
               the
               better
               effected
               ,
               that
               whoso●ver
               shall
               declare
               ,
               or
               discover
               it
               ,
               may
               have
               the
               one
               half
               or
               moitie
               of
               the
               monie
               so
               seized
               .
            
          
           
             
               Transportation
               of
               Corn
               ,
               Leather
               ,
               Sheep
               ,
               and
               Woolls
               .
            
             
               THat
               no
               Corn
               ,
               or
               the
               Leather
               of
               Sevilla
               ,
               may
               bee
               transported
               out
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               .
               That
               the
               Mercedes
               ,
               or
               gratuities
               and
               taxes
               (
               which
               were
               given
               and
               imposed
               in
               some
               parts
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               )
               of
               levying
               certain
               duties
               ,
               for
               giving
               licence
               to
               transport
               Corn
               out
               of
               the
               said
               Kingdoms
               ,
               and
               Leather
               from
               the
               Citie
               of
               Sevilla
               ,
               may
               bee
               revoked
               ,
               and
               declared
               to
               bee
               void
               .
               For
               besides
               ,
               that
               the
               said
               taxes
               bee
               unlawful
               ,
               they
               are
               very
               hurtful
               and
               prejudicial
               to
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               and
               the
               Citie
               of
               Sevilla
               .
               And
               that
               their
               Majesties
               may
               never
               hereafter
               give
               the
               said
               licence
               for
               monie
               ,
               or
               for
               any
               imposition
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               henceforwards
               no
               sheep
               or
               hogs
               alive
               or
               dead
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               cattle
               may
               bee
               transported
               out
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               .
               For
               this
               hath
               been
               the
               caus
               that
               flesh
               ,
               leather
               and
               tallow
               are
               raised
               to
               above
               double
               the
               price
               of
               what
               they
               were
               wont
               to
               yield
               ,
               and
               if
               the
               said
               cattle
               bee
               not
               carried
               a
               way
               ,
               these
               commodities
               will
               return
               to
               the
               same
               rate
               they
               were
               at
               formerly
               ,
               which
               will
               bee
               a
               great
               benefit
               to
               the
               Kingdoms
               .
               And
               if
               any
               bee
               found
               a
               delinquent
               herein
               ,
               That
               the
               one
               half
               of
               his
               goods
               and
               estate
               may
               bee
               confiscate
               to
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               one
               fourth
               part
               given
               to
               the
               accuser
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               fourth
               part
               imployed
               for
               reparations
               and
               publick
               uses
               of
               the
               Citie
               ,
               or
               Town
               ,
               whereof
               hee
               was
               Inhabitant
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               the
               Merchants
               ,
               Clothiers
               ,
               and
               other
               trades
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               ,
               may
               take
               to
               work
               and
               spend
               therein
               one
               
               half
               of
               all
               woolls
               ,
               bought
               by
               Natives
               ,
               or
               Strangers
               ,
               to
               send
               out
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               ,
               paying
               the
               same
               price
               ,
               as
               they
               had
               done
               ,
               for
               them
               ;
               if
               they
               had
               given
               readie
               monie
               :
               And
               if
               they
               had
               taken
               them
               upon
               trust
               ,
               giving
               securitie
               to
               paie
               at
               a
               certain
               daie
               ,
               that
               the
               Merchants
               ,
               and
               others
               ,
               might
               have
               them
               upon
               the
               same
               conditions
               ,
               giving
               the
               like
               securitie
               .
               And
               that
               the
               Officers
               of
               Justice
               may
               take
               the
               said
               Woolls
               from
               the
               Shepherds
               ,
               or
               buiers
               ,
               and
               deliver
               them
               to
               such
               persons
               (
               as
               is
               before-mentioned
               )
               not
               suffering
               any
               fraud
               or
               contention
               to
               arise
               hereupon
               ,
               but
               the
               truth
               beeing
               known
               ,
               speedily
               to
               deliver
               them
               to
               the
               said
               Merchants
               ,
               and
               others
               ,
               to
               be
               wrought
               in
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               paying
               in
               ready
               mony
               ,
               or
               giving
               the
               said
               securitie
               ;
               And
               in
               case
               any
               Officer
               neglect
               his
               dutie
               herein
               ,
               that
               hee
               may
               lose
               one
               whole
               years
               Salarie
               ,
               and
               be
               obliged
               to
               make
               good
               the
               dammage
               and
               interest
               of
               the
               Partie
               .
            
          
           
             
               Concerning
               the
               Council
               ,
               Courts
               ,
               and
               Iustices
               .
            
             
               THat
               his
               Majestie
               would
               bee
               pleased
               to
               dismiss
               those
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               whom
               hitherto
               hee
               hath
               kept
               ,
               in
               regard
               they
               have
               advised
               him
               to
               the
               great
               prejudice
               of
               his
               Majestie
               's
               Roial
               Crown
               ,
               and
               the
               excessive
               dammage
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               .
               That
               they
               never
               bee
               admitted
               to
               bee
               of
               his
               Privie
               Council
               ,
               the
               Queen's
               Council
               ,
               or
               Council
               of
               Justice
               .
               That
               their
               Majesties
               would
               select
               som
               of
               the
               Natives
               of
               those
               Kingdoms
               to
               bee
               of
               their
               Roial
               Councils
               ,
               who
               were
               known
               to
               bee
               loial
               and
               zealous
               for
               their
               service
               ,
               and
               which
               would
               set
               aside
               their
               particular
               interests
               for
               the
               people's
               good
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               President
               ,
               Council
               ,
               Judges
               ,
               Alcaldes
               ,
               and
               Officers
               of
               the
               Courts
               and
               Chanceries
               may
               bee
               visited
               every
               four
               years
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               usual
               manner
               .
               That
               those
               who
               are
               found
               faultie
               ,
               may
               bee
               punished
               ,
               as
               the
               Laws
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               have
               ordered
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               hainousness
               of
               their
               crime
               :
               and
               those
               who
               are
               found
               otherwise
               ,
               may
               bee
               acknowledged
               to
               bee
               good
               men
               ,
               and
               rewarded
               by
               his
               Majestie
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               said
               Offices
               ,
               aswel
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               as
               of
               his
               Majestie
               's
               familie
               ,
               Chanceries
               ,
               and
               other
               Courts
               ,
               bee
               not
               given
               
               by
               favor
               ,
               or
               procured
               by
               the
               Petitions
               ,
               or
               importunate
               sollicitations
               ,
               of
               any
               Grandees
               ,
               or
               other
               persons
               ,
               near
               about
               his
               Majestie
               ,
               but
               that
               they
               may
               bee
               bestowed
               upon
               able
               and
               deserving
               men
               :
               and
               that
               the
               provision
               may
               bee
               to
               Offices
               ,
               not
               to
               the
               Persons
               ,
               that
               enjoie
               them
               .
               And
               if
               any
               shall
               have
               ,
               or
               procure
               them
               ,
               contrarie
               to
               the
               tenour
               hereof
               ,
               the
               kingdom
               may
               not
               acknowledg
               such
               as
               Officers
               ,
               but
               that
               they
               may
               bee
               disabled
               to
               keep
               or
               execute
               any
               the
               aforesaid
               ,
               or
               other
               publick
               Offices
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               said
               Offices
               of
               the
               Council
               Roial
               ,
               
                 Alcaldes
                 de
                 Corte
              
               ,
               Chanceries
               ,
               or
               other
               Courts
               ,
               may
               not
               bee
               provided
               or
               possessed
               by
               such
               as
               com
               but
               newly
               from
               their
               Studies
               ,
               but
               by
               persons
               ●ndued
               with
               qualities
               ,
               and
               parts
               necessarie
               and
               fit
               for
               his
               Majesties
               service
               ,
               having
               been
               experienced
               and
               practised
               in
               the
               exercise
               of
               the
               Office
               of
               Counsellors
               at
               Law
               and
               Judges
               ,
               for
               the
               contrarie
               having
               been
               don
               hitherto
               ,
               hath
               been
               the
               occasion
               of
               great
               inconve●iences
               and
               dammages
               to
               these
               Kingdoms
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               Judges
               of
               the
               Council
               Roial
               ,
               Chanceries
               ,
               and
               other
               Courts
               ,
               which
               Voted
               in
               the
               first
               sentences
               ,
               may
               not
               Vote
               nor
               sentence
               anie
               processes
               upon
               review
               :
               but
               pass
               the
               View
               and
               Votes
               of
               such
               Suits
               by
               order
               to
               the
               Judges
               of
               another
               Court
               ,
               as
               is
               usual
               in
               Suits
               ,
               which
               by
               reason
               of
               disco●d
               ,
               are
               remitted
               from
               one
               Court
               to
               another
               ,
               for
               of
               the
               sentences
               pronounced
               by
               those
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               and
               Judges
               of
               the
               said
               Courts
               ,
               beeing
               reviewed
               by
               them
               ,
               have
               proceeded
               and
               do
               proceed
               great
               inconveniencies
               .
               For
               they
               shew
               themselvs
               very
               passionate
               and
               desirous
               to
               confirm
               their
               sentences
               ,
               defending
               them
               as
               if
               they
               were
               Advocates
               for
               the
               partie
               in
               whose
               favor
               they
               formerly
               had
               given
               sentence
               .
               
               And
               that
               all
               Suits
               may
               bee
               determined
               by
               two
               Courts
               ,
               without
               any
               inconvenience
               ,
               that
               that
               those
               Writs
               may
               bee
               useless
               ,
               which
               ,
               they
               that
               are
               in
               Suit
               ,
               procure
               in
               like
               cases
               to
               make
               their
               Suits
               pass
               through
               all
               Courts
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               his
               Majestie
               provide
               and
               appoint
               a
               Superintendent
               to
               bee
               constant
               and
               resident
               in
               every
               one
               of
               the
               Courts
               and
               
               Chanceries
               ,
               as
               was
               accustomed
               in
               the
               time
               of
               the
               Catholick
               Queen
               
                 Donia
                 Isabel
              
               our
               Ladie
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               bee
               persons
               of
               Autoritie
               and
               good
               intention
               ,
               who
               may
               provide
               that
               the
               ordinances
               bee
               observed
               ,
               and
               see
               that
               the
               suites
               bee
               conformable
               thereunto
               ;
               That
               Clients
               applying
               themselvs
               to
               them
               ,
               may
               finde
               redress
               and
               help
               for
               their
               grievances
               ,
               and
               that
               his
               Majestie
               may
               bee
               informed
               by
               them
               of
               the
               State
               of
               his
               Courts
               ,
               and
               of
               the
               justice
               administred
               in
               them
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               the
               said
               offices
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               Chancerie
               and
               Alcaldias
               ,
               bee
               not
               perpetual
               ,
               in
               regard
               it
               is
               so
               expedient
               for
               his
               Majestie
               's
               service
               ,
               and
               the
               good
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               .
               That
               the
               Judges
               and
               Alcaldes
               ,
               may
               not
               hold
               themselvs
               Lords
               of
               those
               offices
               ,
               nor
               think
               it
               to
               bee
               an
               injurie
               to
               them
               to
               bee
               displaced
               ,
               and
               others
               appointed
               to
               officiate
               .
            
          
           
             
               Concerning
               the
               Council
               and
               Courts
               .
            
             
               THat
               the
               offices
               of
               the
               privie
               Council
               ,
               in
               what
               concerns
               the
               Kingdoms
               of
               Castilla
               and
               Leon
               ,
               and
               judges
               ,
               his
               Majestie
               's
               
                 Alcaldes
                 de
                 la
                 casa
                 e
                 Corte
                 ,
              
               Chanceries
               ,
               and
               all
               other
               offices
               of
               justice
               ,
               may
               not
               bee
               given
               to
               any
               strangers
               ,
               but
               to
               the
               inhabitants
               and
               natives
               of
               the
               said
               Kingdoms
               ;
               And
               that
               for
               this
               respect
               no
               act
               or
               letters
               pattents
               of
               naturalization
               may
               bee
               given
               ,
               and
               if
               any
               should
               bee
               given
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               bee
               respectively
               received
               ,
               but
               not
               fulfilled
               .
               That
               the
               number
               of
               the
               judges
               of
               the
               Council
               of
               justice
               may
               bee
               twelve
               ,
               neither
               more
               nor
               less
               ,
               and
               those
               to
               bee
               of
               such
               qualities
               and
               parts
               as
               the
               Laws
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               do
               require
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               Suits
               bee
               determined
               in
               the
               Council
               and
               Chancerie
               in
               their
               order
               ,
               and
               as
               they
               stand
               registred
               ,
               and
               by
               the
               Courts
               where
               they
               are
               depending
               without
               joyning
               of
               any
               others
               to
               them
               .
               That
               concerning
               this
               particular
               ,
               his
               Majestie
               may
               give
               no
               writs
               in
               derogation
               of
               ordinances
               .
               Also
               that
               those
               which
               were
               to
               bee
               pleaded
               ,
               and
               determined
               in
               Chancerie
               ,
               bee
               not
               kept
               still
               nor
               removed
               by
               wr●ts
               to
               the
               Council
               .
               And
               that
               those
               judges
               that
               can
               take
               recognisance
               of
               Suits
               ,
               and
               causes
               ,
               may
               not
               bee
               put
               by
               from
               hearing
               and
               determining
               the
               
               said
               Suits
               by
               writ
               or
               order
               from
               his
               Majestie
               .
               And
               in
               case
               the
               judges
               bee
               suspected
               ,
               the
               Parties
               may
               have
               the
               remedie
               of
               appeal
               .
               Or
               if
               his
               Majestie
               have
               given
               any
               such
               writs
               ,
               that
               hee
               revoke
               and
               annul
               them
               .
               That
               henceforwards
               it
               may
               remain
               as
               a
               perpetual
               and
               inviolable
               Law
               ,
               that
               the
               Judges
               of
               the
               Council
               and
               Chancerie
               ,
               present
               or
               to
               com
               ,
               may
               not
               obey
               the
               said
               writs
               ,
               under
               pain
               of
               beeing
               deprived
               of
               their
               offices
               ,
               and
               paying
               one
               hundred
               thousand
               Maravediz
               each
               ,
               for
               his
               Majestie
               's
               exchequer
               .
               And
               that
               the
               same
               may
               bee
               observed
               in
               the
               writs
               which
               shall
               bee
               given
               by
               his
               Secretarie
               ,
               the
               Suites
               depending
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               those
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               Judges
               of
               Courts
               and
               Chancerie
               ,
               and
               
                 Alcaldes
                 de
                 Corte
              
               ,
               may
               not
               possess
               or
               hold
               more
               then
               one
               office
               .
               And
               in
               case
               they
               should
               have
               two
               ,
               or
               more
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               bee
               taken
               from
               them
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               may
               receiv
               Salarie
               for
               no
               more
               then
               one
               office
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               matters
               of
               Justice
               which
               may
               bee
               prejudicial
               to
               the
               parties
               henceforwards
               ,
               may
               bee
               determined
               and
               dispatched
               by
               those
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               and
               not
               by
               the
               privie
               Chamber
               ,
               for
               by
               this
               means
               ,
               things
               will
               bee
               carried
               according
               to
               Justice
               ,
               and
               without
               grievances
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               Secretaries
               appointed
               for
               the
               Chamber
               ,
               may
               not
               have
               Vote
               in
               the
               Council
               of
               Justice
               ,
               concerning
               those
               matters
               which
               depend
               on
               private
               Writs
               or
               Mandamus
               from
               their
               Majesties
               ;
               to
               the
               end
               they
               may
               not
               defend
               in
               the
               Council
               any
               Writs
               which
               they
               had
               so
               signed
               ,
               whereby
               the
               parties
               might
               bee
               aggrieved
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               said
               Secretaries
               appointed
               for
               the
               Chamber
               ,
               may
               not
               receiv
               any
               thing
               besides
               the
               Salarie
               ,
               which
               his
               Majestie
               is
               pleased
               to
               allow
               them
               ,
               it
               beeing
               competent
               .
               For
               by
               experience
               it
               hath
               been
               seen
               they
               have
               demanded
               and
               adjudged
               divers
               unjust
               things
               concerning
               the
               taxes
               and
               impositions
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               .
               And
               they
               keep
               intelligencers
               through
               the
               whole
               Kingdom
               ,
               to
               give
               them
               notice
               of
               what
               is
               vacant
               ,
               and
               how
               they
               may
               charge
               new
               taxes
               and
               impositions
               .
               And
               this
               Office
               beeing
               in
               their
               own
               hands
               ,
               they
               may
               ask
               what
               
               they
               list
               ,
               and
               it
               is
               granted
               them
               .
               But
               in
               case
               the
               said
               Secretaries
               ,
               or
               any
               of
               them
               ,
               should
               demand
               any
               thing
               for
               themselvs
               ,
               their
               children
               or
               friends
               ,
               that
               for
               so
               doing
               ,
               they
               may
               lose
               their
               Offices
               ,
               and
               not
               onely
               bee
               disabled
               to
               execute
               the
               said
               Offices
               ,
               but
               all
               others
               whatsoëver
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               diffinitive
               sentences
               pronounced
               by
               the
               
                 Alcaldes
                 de
                 casa
                 e
                 Corte
              
               ,
               and
               Chanceries
               ,
               in
               case
               of
               death
               ,
               or
               mutilation
               of
               members
               ,
               may
               have
               the
               libertie
               of
               appeal
               to
               those
               of
               the
               Council
               and
               Judges
               of
               the
               Courts
               Roial
               .
               And
               that
               t●e
               said
               Alcaldes
               may
               bee
               obliged
               to
               grant
               the
               said
               appeals
               and
               supplications
               according
               to
               Law.
               
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               said
               
                 Alcaldes
                 de
                 casa
                 e
                 Corte
              
               ,
               and
               Chancerie
               ,
               or
               their
               Notaries
               ,
               may
               not
               exact
               or
               receiv
               either
               more
               or
               less
               duties
               or
               fees
               then
               the
               ordinarie
               Alcaldes
               of
               the
               Corregidores
               of
               Cities
               and
               Towns
               in
               this
               Kingdom
               ,
               where
               there
               is
               Counsel
               and
               Chancerie
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               Alcaldes
               and
               other
               Officers
               of
               the
               Court
               called
               the
               Hermandad
               (
               which
               is
               properly
               for
               High-way-men
               )
               may
               have
               a
               constant
               place
               of
               Residence
               ,
               when
               they
               leav
               their
               Office
               ,
               which
               those
               that
               succeed
               them
               may
               enjoie
               ;
               and
               that
               these
               may
               have
               power
               to
               question
               and
               execute
               their
               sentence
               against
               the
               said
               Judges
               and
               Officers
               ,
               their
               Predecessors
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               
                 Corregidores
                 ,
                 Alcaldes
              
               ,
               Officers
               of
               Cities
               ,
               Towns
               ,
               Villages
               ,
               Burroughs
               ,
               and
               other
               places
               of
               Justice
               in
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               may
               not
               bee
               continued
               in
               the
               said
               Offices
               above
               the
               space
               of
               one
               year
               after
               their
               donomination
               ,
               although
               the
               Cities
               ,
               Towns
               ,
               and
               Commonalties
               should
               desire
               it
               ;
               for
               the
               said
               Offices
               having
               been
               continued
               for
               longer
               time
               ,
               hath
               occasioned
               many
               inconveniencies
               and
               defects
               of
               Justice
               to
               such
               Cities
               and
               Towns.
               
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               henceforwards
               no
               Corregidores
               may
               bee
               provided
               or
               appointed
               for
               any
               Cities
               or
               Towns
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               but
               when
               the
               said
               Cities
               or
               Towns
               shall
               require
               it
               ,
               in
               regard
               it
               is
               so
               ordained
               by
               the
               Laws
               of
               the
               Land.
               And
               that
               the
               said
               Cities
               and
               Towns
               may
               place
               and
               provide
               their
               ordinarie
               .
               Alcaldes
               ,
               beeing
               men
               of
               abilities
               ,
               that
               so
               the
               Salaries
               of
               Corregidores
               ,
               
               their
               Lievtenants
               and
               other
               Officers
               may
               bee
               saved
               .
               That
               the
               Cities
               and
               Towns
               may
               appoint
               and
               allow
               moderate
               and
               reasonable
               Salaries
               to
               the
               said
               ordinarie
               Alcaldes
               out
               of
               the
               publick
               stock
               .
               And
               that
               the
               said
               stipendarie
               Judges
               may
               bee
               tied
               to
               serv
               onely
               that
               Town
               or
               Citie
               which
               giveth
               them
               the
               Salarie
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               in
               cases
               wherein
               a
               Judg
               Inquisitor
               is
               required
               ,
               those
               that
               are
               appointed
               for
               Judges
               Inquisitors
               may
               go
               with
               the
               limited
               Salarie
               at
               the
               charge
               of
               the
               King's
               Exchequer
               ,
               and
               not
               at
               the
               charge
               of
               the
               Delinquents
               ,
               for
               to
               recover
               their
               Salaries
               ,
               they
               make
               Innocent
               men
               Delinquents
               ;
               and
               after
               that
               the
               said
               Salaries
               and
               charges
               bee
               recovered
               of
               those
               who
               were
               condemned
               and
               declared
               guiltie
               by
               those
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               or
               other
               Judges
               ,
               the
               said
               Examinations
               may
               bee
               reviewed
               by
               waie
               of
               Appeal
               ,
               Commission
               ,
               or
               otherwise
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               henceforwards
               no
               Corregidor
               ,
               or
               other
               Judg
               of
               what
               qualitie
               soëver
               ,
               may
               bee
               allowed
               to
               receiv
               his
               Salarie
               ,
               or
               any
               part
               thereof
               ,
               or
               by
               waie
               of
               
                 Ayuda
                 de
                 costa
              
               (
               which
               is
               to
               help
               bear
               his
               charge
               )
               out
               of
               anie
               fines
               or
               forfeitures
               adjudged
               by
               them
               ,
               but
               may
               return
               them
               to
               the
               Exchequer
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               hee
               may
               not
               bee
               thought
               to
               have
               pronounced
               an
               unjust
               sentence
               ,
               out
               of
               covetousness
               thereof
               .
               And
               that
               whosoëver
               shall
               receiv
               anie
               monie
               in
               that
               kinde
               ,
               may
               bee
               condemned
               to
               paie
               four
               times
               as
               much
               into
               his
               Majestie
               's
               Exchequer
               ,
               and
               bee
               made
               incapable
               of
               any
               Office
               ever
               after
               .
            
          
           
             
               Concerning
               Encomiendas
               ,
               or
               promotions
               to
               Dignities
               ,
               and
               Council
               of
               the
               Orders
               .
            
             
               THat
               those
               of
               the
               Council
               of
               the
               Orders
               ,
               as
               Presidents
               ,
               Judges
               ,
               and
               other
               Officers
               bee
               visited
               in
               the
               same
               manner
               as
               is
               ordered
               for
               the
               Council
               Roial
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               Treasurers
               and
               Officers
               of
               the
               Orders
               ,
               and
               Maestrazgos
               ,
               or
               Masterships
               ,
               make
               their
               Visitations
               from
               three
               to
               three
               years
               ,
               that
               it
               may
               appear
               how
               they
               behave
               themselvs
               in
               their
               Offices
               ,
               and
               those
               that
               shall
               bee
               found
               guiltie
               may
               suffer
               punishment
               .
            
             
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               Encomiendas
               of
               the
               Militarie
               Orders
               of
               
                 Santjago
                 ,
                 Calatrava
                 ,
                 Alcantara
              
               ,
               may
               not
               bee
               given
               or
               conferred
               upon
               any
               Strangers
               ,
               although
               they
               bee
               naturalized
               .
               But
               that
               herein
               may
               bee
               observed
               the
               same
               rule
               as
               in
               Ecclesiastical
               Offices
               ,
               Dignities
               ,
               and
               Benefices
               ,
               whereby
               they
               may
               bee
               provided
               according
               as
               is
               constituted
               and
               ordeined
               in
               the
               Statutes
               of
               the
               Order
               .
            
          
           
             
               Concerning
               Bulls
               ,
               Cruzadas
               ,
               and
               Compositiones
               .
            
             
               THat
               no
               
                 Bulls
                 ,
                 Cruzadas
              
               ,
               or
               Compositions
               ,
               of
               what
               qualitie
               soëver
               bee
               suffered
               to
               bee
               preached
               in
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               unless
               upon
               som
               real
               and
               urgent
               occasion
               ,
               debated
               and
               approved
               in
               Parlament
               .
               That
               the
               monie
               which
               shall
               bee
               rai●ed
               t●ereby
               ,
               may
               bee
               deposited
               in
               the
               Collegial
               or
               Cathedral
               Church
               of
               the
               Bishoprick
               ,
               and
               not
               to
               bee
               taken
               out
               thence
               ,
               spent
               or
               emploied
               otherwise
               ,
               then
               in
               the
               same
               urgent
               occasion
               ,
               for
               which
               the
               Bull
               was
               granted
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               in
               case
               there
               bee
               such
               necessitie
               of
               preaching
               the
               
                 Bulls
                 ,
                 Cruzadas
              
               ,
               and
               Compositiones
               ,
               as
               above
               said
               ,
               this
               manner
               and
               order
               may
               bee
               observed
               .
               That
               there
               bee
               care
               had
               to
               choos
               honest
               men
               ,
               of
               good
               consciences
               ,
               and
               learned
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               know
               and
               understand
               what
               they
               preach
               .
               That
               they
               exceed
               not
               in
               their
               preaching
               the
               cases
               and
               things
               contained
               in
               the
               
                 Bulls
                 .
                 That
              
               they
               preach
               in
               none
               but
               the
               Collegial
               ,
               or
               Cathedral
               Churches
               .
               That
               in
               places
               where
               there
               are
               no
               Collegial
               or
               Cathedral
               Churches
               ,
               the
               Bulls
               may
               bee
               sent
               to
               the
               Curates
               or
               their
               Vicars
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               they
               may
               divulge
               and
               publish
               them
               to
               their
               Parishioners
               ;
               That
               they
               advise
               and
               ●dmonish
               the
               people
               ,
               but
               impose
               no
               Penaltie
               ,
               if
               they
               take
               them
               not
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               might
               receiv
               them
               if
               they
               would
               .
               That
               there
               may
               bee
               no
               such
               exorbitance
               ,
               as
               was
               usual
               heretofore
               ,
               injoyning
               the
               people
               to
               com
               ,
               and
               detaining
               them
               perforce
               in
               their
               Sermons
               ,
               not
               suffering
               them
               to
               follow
               their
               callings
               and
               occupations
               ,
               unless
               they
               took
               their
               Bulls
               ,
               and
               other
               such
               ill
               demeanors
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               whatsoëver
               was
               to
               bee
               recovered
               and
               gathered
               by
               virtue
               of
               the
               Bulls
               thus
               received
               ,
               may
               not
               bee
               recovered
               by
               
               waie
               of
               excommunication
               or
               interdict
               ,
               but
               by
               demanding
               it
               before
               the
               secular
               Justice
               of
               the
               Citie
               ,
               Town
               ,
               or
               Village
               ,
               where
               the
               Bull
               had
               been
               received
               .
               That
               the
               Alcaldes
               of
               the
               Villages
               may
               have
               power
               herein
               ,
               for
               the
               contrarie
               ,
               having
               been
               done
               ,
               hath
               much
               indangered
               the
               Souls
               of
               laboring-men
               ,
               Priests
               ,
               and
               other
               persons
               ,
               and
               the
               people
               suffer
               very
               many
               and
               great
               oppressions
               in
               this
               manner
               of
               recovering
               it
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               henceforwards
               for
               ever
               the
               Commissaries
               of
               the
               Cruzadas
               and
               Compositiones
               may
               not
               levie
               or
               recover
               any
               thing
               of
               that
               which
               some
               Cities
               ,
               Towns
               ,
               Villages
               ,
               and
               Corporations
               have
               expended
               in
               their
               own
               houses
               in
               feasting
               ,
               Bull-baitings
               ,
               or
               acts
               of
               Charitie
               ,
               although
               they
               do
               it
               from
               an
               ancient
               custom
               ,
               by
               vow
               ,
               or
               what
               other
               waie
               soëver
               they
               can
               pretend
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               the
               monies
               levyed
               by
               the
               Cruzadas
               and
               Compositiones
               ,
               which
               were
               granted
               for
               the
               war
               against
               the
               Moores
               ;
               costs
               and
               charges
               of
               the
               Armies
               which
               had
               been
               or
               are
               to
               bee
               raised
               against
               the
               enemies
               of
               our
               Catholick
               faith
               ,
               and
               to
               releiv
               the
               Kingdoms
               and
               Cities
               of
               Africa
               ,
               may
               bee
               exp●nded
               and
               imployed
               to
               the
               same
               end
               ,
               for
               which
               they
               were
               granted
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               may
               not
               bee
               granted
               hereafter
               upon
               any
               other
               pretence
               whatsoëver
               ,
               nor
               the
               said
               monie
               ,
               or
               any
               part
               thereof
               ,
               may
               bee
               given
               or
               bestowed
               as
               a
               Merced
               or
               gratuitie
               upon
               any
               bodie
               ,
               becaus
               ,
               besides
               the
               publick
               dammage
               ,
               men's
               Souls
               are
               indangered
               by
               the
               not
               imploying
               it
               to
               the
               use
               ,
               for
               which
               it
               was
               granted
               ;
               Which
               if
               it
               were
               applyed
               to
               the
               proper
               and
               right
               intent
               ,
               the
               Royal
               Revenues
               would
               remain
               free
               for
               the
               service
               and
               augmentation
               of
               the
               Royal
               estate
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               the
               Mercedes
               and
               Librancas
               of
               any
               monie
               of
               those
               said
               
                 Bulls
                 ,
                 Cruzadas
              
               and
               Compositiones
               ,
               which
               have
               been
               given
               to
               any
               particular
               persons
               ,
               as
               well
               natives
               as
               strangers
               ,
               may
               bee
               revoked
               and
               made
               void
               .
            
          
           
             
               Concerning
               the
               Indies
               ,
               Isles
               ,
               and
               Continent
               .
            
             
               THat
               henceforwards
               for
               ever
               ,
               no
               Mercedes
               may
               bee
               made
               of
               Indians
               ,
               whereby
               the
               Gold
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               Commodities
               
               may
               bee
               taken
               thence
               ,
               to
               anie
               person
               or
               persons
               ,
               of
               what
               qualitie
               soëver
               .
               That
               these
               which
               hitherto
               have
               been
               ,
               may
               bee
               revoked
               ;
               for
               by
               that
               means
               their
               Majestie
               's
               Roial
               Patrimonie
               hath
               been
               ,
               and
               will
               bee
               ,
               much
               damnified
               ,
               in
               stead
               of
               beeing
               advantaged
               ,
               by
               reason
               of
               the
               great
               quantitie
               of
               Gold
               exhausted
               thence
               :
               Besides
               that
               ,
               they
               are
               used
               more
               like
               Infidels
               and
               slaves
               ,
               then
               Christians
               ,
               as
               they
               are
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               hous
               of
               Contratacion
               at
               Sevilla
               ,
               for
               the
               Isles
               and
               Continent
               of
               the
               Indies
               ,
               may
               remain
               for
               ever
               in
               the
               said
               Citie
               ,
               and
               not
               bee
               removed
               to
               anie
               other
               Citie
               or
               place
               within
               this
               Kingdom
               or
               without
               .
               In
               regard
               the
               said
               Citie
               of
               Sevilla
               is
               so
               famous
               and
               fit
               a
               place
               for
               it
               ,
               and
               it
               would
               bee
               a
               great
               hinderance
               to
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               and
               a
               disservice
               to
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               if
               it
               should
               bee
               altered
               .
            
          
           
             
               Concerning
               Mercedes
               .
            
             
               THat
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               or
               the
               succeeding
               Kings
               ,
               may
               not
               make
               anie
               Merced
               of
               goods
               confiscated
               ,
               or
               to
               bee
               confiscated
               ,
               or
               of
               anie
               part
               or
               parcel
               thereof
               ,
               to
               anie
               Judg
               ,
               or
               Judges
               ,
               who
               have
               given
               ,
               or
               are
               to
               give
               Sentence
               in
               the
               said
               Causes
               .
               That
               the
               said
               Judges
               ,
               or
               anie
               of
               them
               ,
               may
               not
               receiv
               anie
               such
               Mercedes
               ,
               either
               in
               paiment
               or
               lieu
               of
               their
               Salaries
               ,
               or
               for
               
                 Ayuda
                 de
                 Costa
              
               ,
               or
               in
               anie
               other
               kinde
               whatsoëver
               ,
               directly
               or
               indirectly
               ,
               either
               for
               themselvs
               ,
               or
               their
               wives
               ,
               children
               ,
               friends
               or
               kindred
               ;
               for
               by
               this
               means
               they
               ,
               beeing
               free
               from
               all
               covetousness
               and
               interests
               ,
               may
               ,
               with
               more
               equitie
               and
               Justice
               ,
               proceed
               and
               give
               their
               Sentence
               .
               That
               whosoëver
               shall
               do
               the
               contrarie
               ,
               may
               bee
               obliged
               to
               restore
               four
               times
               as
               much
               into
               his
               Majesties
               Exchequer
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               may
               for
               ever
               remain
               incapable
               of
               enjoying
               the
               same
               ,
               or
               anie
               other
               publick
               Offices
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               their
               Majesties
               or
               their
               Successors
               ,
               may
               not
               give
               or
               make
               anie
               Mercedes
               or
               Librancas
               of
               goods
               and
               monie
               ,
               which
               hath
               not
               been
               brought
               into
               their
               Exchequer
               ,
               or
               in
               their
               own
               hands
               ;
               for
               by
               this
               means
               they
               will
               know
               what
               they
               give
               ,
               and
               how
               they
               endammage
               themselvs
               ;
               which
               not
               knowing
               ,
               
               they
               easily
               grant
               the
               said
               Librancas
               and
               Mercedes
               ,
               as
               their
               Majesties
               had
               given
               away
               in
               that
               nature
               great
               quantities
               of
               pearls
               and
               monie
               ,
               which
               (
               if
               preserved
               )
               had
               been
               sufficient
               to
               have
               mainteined
               their
               Roial
               Houshold
               ,
               without
               making
               such
               shifts
               as
               they
               were
               driven
               to
               ,
               by
               taking
               up
               monie
               at
               Interest
               ,
               or
               demanding
               Subsidies
               of
               the
               Subjects
               and
               Natives
               of
               their
               Kingdoms
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               or
               their
               Successors
               ,
               may
               not
               give
               or
               grant
               anie
               Merced
               of
               goods
               ,
               demanded
               in
               their
               Majesties
               names
               ,
               or
               of
               the
               Roial
               Crown
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               concerning
               which
               there
               is
               anie
               Suit
               depending
               ,
               unless
               sentence
               bee
               first
               pronounced
               against
               the
               possessors
               thereof
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               bee
               absolutely
               condemned
               .
               That
               whatsoëver
               hath
               been
               done
               to
               the
               contrarie
               heretofore
               ,
               may
               bee
               revoked
               .
               Otherwise
               it
               would
               hinder
               the
               free
               Administration
               of
               Justice
               according
               to
               right
               and
               equitie
               .
               And
               that
               whosoëver
               should
               receiv
               or
               procure
               anie
               such
               Mercedes
               ,
               may
               for
               ever
               bee
               held
               incapable
               and
               unworthie
               of
               receiving
               for
               themselvs
               ,
               or
               others
               ,
               anie
               Merced
               from
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               or
               their
               Successors
               ,
               in
               these
               Kingdoms
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               their
               Majesties
               may
               pleas
               to
               revoke
               all
               Mercedes
               whatsoever
               ,
               which
               had
               been
               made
               or
               granted
               since
               the
               death
               of
               the
               Catholick
               Queen
               
                 Donia
                 Isabel
              
               ,
               as
               well
               by
               the
               Kings
               
                 Don
                 Fernando
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Don
                 Felipe
              
               ,
               as
               by
               
                 Don
                 Carlos
              
               our
               present
               Sovereign
               .
               And
               whatsoever
               Confirmations
               have
               been
               made
               of
               anie
               Towns
               ,
               Villages
               ,
               Vassals
               ,
               Jurisdictions
               ,
               Salt-pits
               ,
               Mines
               of
               Gold
               and
               Silver
               ,
               Copper
               ,
               Lead
               ,
               Tin
               ,
               or
               Allum
               .
               In
               regard
               besides
               ,
               that
               they
               are
               contrarie
               to
               the
               Laws
               of
               the
               Land
               ,
               the
               most
               illustrious
               and
               Catholick
               Queen
               
                 Donia
                 Isabel
              
               ,
               our
               Ladie
               ,
               did
               absolutely
               prohibit
               and
               forbid
               them
               ,
               when
               ,
               by
               her
               last
               Will
               and
               Testament
               ,
               shee
               left
               the
               government
               and
               rule
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               to
               the
               charge
               and
               care
               of
               the
               Catholick
               King
               
                 Don
                 Fernando
              
               ;
               And
               that
               all
               this
               may
               bee
               applied
               to
               the
               proper
               use
               and
               benefit
               of
               the
               Roial
               Crown
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               and
               that
               those
               persons
               who
               have
               obteined
               anie
               such
               Mercedes
               ,
               may
               make
               no
               further
               use
               of
               them
               hereafter
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               forasmuch
               as
               since
               the
               deceas
               of
               the
               Queen
               
                 Donia
                 Isabel
              
               
               have
               been
               made
               divers
               Mercedes
               ,
               and
               manie
               Patents
               and
               Privileges
               of
               Gentilitie
               given
               for
               monie
               to
               several
               persons
               ,
               without
               anie
               just
               caus
               or
               consideration
               of
               services
               done
               to
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               that
               might
               deserv
               the
               said
               favour
               ;
               whereby
               the
               Towns
               ,
               Commonalties
               ,
               and
               those
               which
               paie
               the
               taxes
               ,
               have
               been
               much
               damnified
               and
               injured
               .
               That
               their
               Majesties
               may
               revoke
               all
               such
               Patents
               ,
               Mercedes
               ,
               and
               Privileges
               whatsoever
               ,
               and
               those
               to
               whom
               they
               were
               given
               ,
               may
               not
               anie
               waies
               enjoie
               them
               .
               And
               that
               henceforward
               no
               such
               Mercedes
               ,
               Patents
               ,
               or
               Privileges
               may
               ev●r
               bee
               granted
               ,
               or
               bee
               in
               force
               ,
               to
               benefit
               those
               to
               whom
               they
               were
               given
               .
               And
               that
               this
               may
               never
               bee
               derogated
               or
               abrogated
               with
               anie
               claus
               general
               or
               particular
               ,
               or
               by
               anie
               ordinarie
               or
               absolute
               Power
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               forasmuch
               as
               contrarie
               to
               equitie
               ,
               and
               the
               tenour
               and
               fo●m
               of
               the
               Laws
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               have
               been
               granted
               and
               made
               ,
               divers
               Mercedes
               of
               the
               Reversion
               of
               Offices
               ,
               Benefices
               ,
               Dignities
               ,
               and
               other
               things
               ,
               in
               the
               hands
               of
               men
               yet
               living
               :
               That
               their
               Majesties
               may
               revoke
               all
               of
               them
               ,
               without
               exception
               ,
               that
               hitherto
               have
               been
               made
               or
               granted
               ,
               either
               by
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               or
               their
               Predecessors
               .
               That
               nothing
               in
               this
               nature
               bee
               ever
               granted
               hereafter
               ,
               and
               if
               anie
               should
               bee
               granted
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               not
               bee
               fulfilled
               ,
               nor
               take
               effect
               ,
               notwithst●●ding
               any
               derogatorie
               clauses
               with
               penalties
               and
               confirmations
               whatsoever
               ;
               but
               to
               the
               end
               they
               may
               bee
               resisted
               and
               bee
               of
               no
               value
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               bear
               no
               penal●ies
               at
               all
               ;
               And
               that
               whosoever
               shall
               procure
               anie
               such
               Merced
               ,
               may
               bee
               made
               incapable
               of
               anie
               place
               in
               Court
               ,
               or
               anie
               other
               publick
               Office.
               
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               his
               Majestie
               discard
               and
               put
               away
               the
               Officers
               of
               his
               Roial
               Familie
               and
               Kingdom
               ,
               as
               Treasurers
               ,
               and
               their
               substitutes
               ,
               and
               all
               others
               whosoëver
               have
               behaved
               themselvs
               amiss
               in
               their
               offices
               ,
               to
               his
               Majesties
               great
               disservice
               ,
               &
               the
               universal
               dammage
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               ;
               who
               having
               (
               as
               when
               they
               first
               entred
               into
               their
               Offices
               )
               little
               or
               nothing
               of
               their
               own
               patrimonies
               ,
               and
               their
               profits
               much
               exceeding
               their
               expences
               ,
               have
               raised
               themselvs
               vaste
               Estates
               ,
               to
               the
               prejudice
               aswel
               of
               the
               publick
               good
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               ,
               and
               the
               Natives
               thereof
               ,
               as
               
               the
               impairing
               and
               diminishing
               of
               the
               Roial
               Patrimonie
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               the
               offices
               of
               his
               Majestie
               's
               Royal
               familie
               and
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               those
               of
               the
               Royal
               Courts
               ,
               and
               the
               Alcaldes
               &
               Fiscales
               ,
               or
               Attournies
               thereof
               ,
               
                 Corregimientos
                 ,
                 Assistencias
                 ,
                 Alguazilagos
                 ,
                 Regimientos
                 ,
                 Veyntiquatrias
                 ,
                 Escrivanias
              
               of
               the
               Audiencias
               ,
               and
               Council
               ,
               and
               whatsoever
               other
               offices
               of
               the
               Cities
               ,
               Towns
               ,
               and
               Places
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               ,
               which
               are
               at
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               and
               their
               successors
               ,
               disposal
               ,
               now
               and
               from
               this
               time
               forwards
               ,
               may
               never
               bee
               fold
               or
               given
               for
               monie
               ,
               or
               bestowed
               ,
               as
               Mercedes
               ,
               upon
               any
               ,
               who
               beeing
               unfit
               to
               execute
               the
               said
               offices
               ,
               may
               make
               sale
               of
               them
               ,
               in
               regard
               the
               sale
               of
               them
               is
               very
               detestable
               ,
               and
               forbidden
               by
               the
               Common
               Laws
               and
               rights
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               ,
               for
               the
               great
               dammages
               and
               prejudices
               which
               have
               accrewed
               thereby
               to
               the
               good
               of
               the
               Publick
               .
               And
               that
               the
               said
               offi●es
               may
               bee
               freely
               given
               and
               bestowed
               upon
               persons
               of
               sufficient
               parts
               and
               abilities
               to
               perform
               and
               execute
               them
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 T●at
              
               if
               the
               said
               offices
               or
               any
               of
               them
               ,
               bee
               provided
               otherwise
               ,
               or
               bestowed
               contrarie
               to
               the
               tenour
               and
               form
               mentioned
               in
               the
               precedent
               Article
               ,
               That
               they
               may
               bee
               held
               as
               vacant
               ,
               and
               whosoever
               is
               so
               placed
               in
               them
               ,
               may
               bee
               discarded
               .
               And
               their
               Majest●e's
               and
               successors
               provide
               and
               bestow
               them
               as
               above
               said
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               the
               officers
               which
               are
               to
               serv
               in
               the
               Court
               ,
               or
               in
               any
               the
               Cities
               ,
               or
               Towns
               ,
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               aswell
               of
               the
               Iuzgados
               as
               of
               the
               
                 Veintequarto
                 Escrivanias
              
               ,
               and
               other
               such
               like
               offices
               ,
               may
               not
               possess
               more
               then
               one
               office
               .
               And
               if
               they
               bee
               such
               as
               may
               bee
               supplied
               by
               Substitutes
               ,
               or
               ●ievtenants
               ,
               that
               these
               may
               bee
               paied
               by
               the
               principal
               officers
               .
               And
               that
               their
               Majesties
               or
               successors
               grant
               no
               stipend
               or
               Salarie
               to
               the
               said
               Substitutes
               ,
               nor
               the
               Principals
               consent
               thereunto
               ,
               under
               pain
               of
               losing
               their
               offices
               ,
               and
               others
               to
               bee
               put
               into
               their
               places
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               as
               touching
               the
               Confirmations
               of
               the
               priviledges
               of
               the
               Right
               or
               Custom
               called
               ,
               
                 Maravediz
                 de
                 Iuro
              
               ;
               That
               no
               confirmation
               of
               the
               said
               Priviledges
               may
               bee
               required
               ,
               and
               
               that
               their
               Majesties
               give
               Command
               to
               the
               officers
               ,
               who
               have
               raised
               great
               summs
               thereby
               ,
               to
               restore
               the
               said
               monie
               to
               the
               persons
               of
               whom
               they
               received
               it
               ,
               and
               that
               speedily
               and
               freely
               without
               any
               trouble
               or
               suit
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               those
               of
               the
               Offices
               Roial
               ,
               as
               well
               High
               Treasurers
               ,
               as
               those
               of
               the
               
                 Cruzadas
                 ,
                 Compositions
              
               ,
               or
               the
               Islands
               and
               Continent
               of
               the
               Indie●
               ,
               may
               bee
               obliged
               to
               certifie
               and
               declare
               unto
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               and
               their
               Successors
               ,
               whatsoever
               debts
               remain
               conce●led
               and
               forgotten
               ,
               and
               all
               other
               things
               in
               the
               said
               Offices
               ,
               appertaining
               to
               the
               Roial
               Patrimonie
               ,
               but
               that
               they
               give
               no
               intelligence
               thereof
               to
               anie
               particular
               or
               private
               persons
               ,
               lest
               they
               should
               beg
               them
               ,
               under
               pain
               of
               paying
               twice
               as
               much
               into
               the
               Exchequer
               or
               Roial
               Patrimonie
               ,
               and
               of
               beeing
               deprived
               of
               the
               said
               Offices
               ,
               and
               made
               incapable
               not
               onely
               of
               them
               ,
               but
               all
               others
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               those
               who
               have
               had
               ,
               or
               have
               anie
               Office
               Roial
               ,
               or
               charge
               of
               the
               Registers
               of
               the
               Roial
               Revenues
               ,
               may
               not
               have
               the
               said
               Remainders
               of
               the
               farming
               thereof
               ,
               and
               in
               case
               anie
               have
               made
               use
               of
               them
               ,
               that
               hee
               or
               they
               bee
               obliged
               to
               paie
               the
               double
               of
               what
               hee
               hath
               received
               thereof
               ,
               into
               their
               Majesties
               ●xchequer
               ,
               and
               lose
               their
               Offices
               ,
               with
               the
               Salaries
               and
               benefits
               thereunto
               belonging
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               all
               those
               who
               have
               bought
               anie
               Offices
               since
               the
               deceas
               of
               the
               Catholick
               King
               
                 Don
                 Fernando
              
               ,
               which
               could
               not
               bee
               sold
               according
               to
               t●e
               Laws
               of
               the
               Land
               ,
               and
               the
               Contents
               of
               the
               preceding
               Articles
               ,
               may
               not
               execute
               the
               said
               Offices
               ,
               under
               pain
               of
               death
               and
               loss
               of
               good
               ,
               and
               their
               Majesties
               may
               provide
               and
               dispose
               them
               to
               other
               able
               and
               sufficient
               persons
               .
            
          
           
             
               Concerning
               Residencia's
               .
            
             
               THat
               all
               those
               Officers
               who
               had
               charge
               of
               his
               Majesties
               Estate
               ,
               in
               the
               time
               of
               the
               Catholick
               King
               
                 Don
                 Fernando
              
               ,
               his
               Grandfather
               ,
               may
               bee
               brought
               to
               an
               account
               for
               what
               they
               did
               in
               their
               Offices
               and
               Charges
               ,
               concerning
               his
               Majesties
               Estate
               a●d
               the
               Roial
               patrimonie
               ,
               which
               passed
               through
               their
               hands
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               produce
               these
               accounts
               before
               such
               persons
               
               as
               shall
               bee
               nominated
               and
               appointed
               by
               his
               Majestie
               ,
               and
               the
               Kingdom
               .
               That
               his
               Majestie
               appoint
               and
               nominate
               these
               said
               persons
               within
               thirtie
               daies
               after
               these
               Articles
               and
               Laws
               bee
               granted
               by
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               and
               in
               case
               his
               Majestie
               doth
               not
               nominate
               anie
               within
               the
               said
               term
               of
               thirtie
               daies
               ,
               that
               then
               those
               Accounts
               may
               bee
               produced
               before
               such
               persons
               as
               the
               Kingdoms
               shall
               appoint
               ,
               who
               may
               receiv
               them
               for
               their
               Majesties
               Exchequer
               ,
               and
               condemn
               and
               laie
               penalties
               upon
               those
               whom
               they
               finde
               guiltie
               ,
               according
               to
               equitie
               and
               the
               Laws
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               like
               Account
               bee
               also
               given
               by
               the
               Treasurers
               ,
               and
               other
               Officers
               ,
               whosoever
               have
               been
               encharged
               heretofore
               with
               the
               
                 Cruzadas
                 ,
                 Bulls
              
               ,
               and
               Compositions
               ,
               or
               with
               the
               Gold
               and
               Pearls
               brought
               from
               the
               ●slands
               and
               Continent
               of
               the
               Indies
               ;
               and
               the
               same
               order
               to
               bee
               observed
               therein
               ,
               as
               is
               above-specified
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               those
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               and
               the
               Officers
               of
               his
               Majesties
               Familie
               and
               Court
               ,
               who
               have
               been
               ,
               or
               are
               to
               bee
               dismissed
               ,
               may
               make
               their
               Residencia
               ,
               or
               render
               their
               accounts
               before
               the
               Persons
               mentioned
               in
               the
               preceding
               Arcicles
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               said
               Officers
               bee
               thus
               called
               to
               account
               ,
               becaus
               they
               have
               given
               advise
               and
               notice
               of
               manie
               things
               which
               have
               been
               begged
               and
               given
               as
               Mercedes
               ,
               to
               the
               great
               Prejudice
               of
               the
               Roial
               Patrimonie
               ;
               which
               advices
               and
               informations
               they
               gave
               ,
               either
               to
               enjoie
               a
               share
               thereof
               themselvs
               ,
               or
               to
               purchase
               them
               wholly
               ,
               or
               to
               procure
               others
               to
               buie
               or
               farm
               them
               ,
               by
               which
               means
               ,
               for
               very
               small
               matters
               ,
               they
               have
               gained
               vaste
               sums
               of
               monie
               .
               Therefore
               in
               regard
               this
               hath
               been
               a
               great
               dammage
               and
               prejudice
               to
               the
               Roial
               Patrimonie
               ,
               their
               Majesties
               may
               ratifie
               and
               allow
               the
               above
               mentioned
               persons
               to
               take
               the
               said
               Accounts
               and
               Residencia's
               .
               And
               whatsoever
               shall
               bee
               thus
               discovered
               by
               them
               ,
               that
               it
               may
               all
               accrew
               to
               their
               Majesties
               Exchequer
               ;
               for
               if
               they
               had
               rightly
               and
               truly
               performed
               their
               Offices
               ,
               they
               ought
               to
               have
               given
               their
               Majesties
               those
               Informations
               ,
               and
               not
               to
               private
               persons
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Concerning
               Prelates
               and
               other
               Particulars
               .
            
             
               THat
               the
               Bishopricks
               ,
               Archbishopricks
               ,
               Dignities
               ,
               Canonicates
               ,
               &
               other
               Ecclesiastical
               preferments
               whatsoever
               ,
               or
               the
               pensions
               thereof
               ,
               may
               not
               bee
               conferred
               upon
               anie
               ●trangers
               ,
               but
               upon
               the
               Natives
               and
               Inhabitants
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               .
               That
               if
               anie
               were
               disposed
               of
               contrarie
               to
               the
               tenour
               hereof
               ,
               his
               Majestie
               may
               bee
               pleased
               by
               Apostolical
               Autoritie
               ,
               to
               order
               that
               they
               may
               bee
               resigned
               and
               conferred
               upon
               Natives
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               satisfaction
               beeing
               given
               to
               those
               that
               are
               dispossessed
               of
               them
               ,
               to
               their
               full
               value
               in
               other
               rents
               in
               their
               own
               Countries
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               in
               regard
               his
               Majestie
               had
               given
               away
               the
               Archbishoprick
               of
               Toledo
               ,
               before
               hee
               was
               received
               and
               sworn
               King
               in
               the
               Parlament
               at
               Valladolid
               .
               That
               his
               Majestie
               may
               make
               a
               new
               presentation
               of
               the
               said
               Archbishoprick
               ,
               and
               confer
               it
               upon
               a
               Native
               and
               Inhabitant
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               of
               Castilla
               ,
               who
               may
               deserv
               it
               ,
               beeing
               a
               person
               of
               learning
               and
               conscience
               answerable
               ,
               a
               Divine
               or
               Civil
               Lawyer
               ;
               for
               the
               bestowing
               it
               on
               the
               Nephew
               of
               
                 Monsieur
                 de
                 Xeures
              
               ,
               contrarie
               to
               the
               Laws
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               hath
               been
               ,
               and
               is
               ,
               very
               prejudicial
               to
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               and
               the
               said
               Dignitie
               ,
               hee
               beeing
               under
               age
               ,
               and
               absent
               ,
               (
               and
               although
               hee
               were
               a
               Native
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               it
               was
               not
               fit
               nor
               just
               to
               give
               it
               him
               )
               .
               That
               the
               Revenue
               of
               the
               said
               Dignitie
               was
               transported
               out
               of
               the
               kingdom
               ,
               wherewith
               if
               hee
               were
               a
               Native
               ,
               and
               resident
               in
               the
               said
               dignitie
               ,
               hee
               might
               entertain
               manie
               Nobles
               and
               Gentlemen
               in
               his
               hous
               ,
               as
               hath
               been
               the
               custom
               formerly
               .
               And
               if
               his
               Ma●estie
               would
               bee
               pleased
               to
               gra●ifie
               the
               said
               Nephew
               of
               
                 Monsieur
                 de
                 Xeures
              
               with
               som
               other
               lands
               in
               his
               own
               Countrie
               .
               It
               might
               very
               well
               bee
               done
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               all
               Letters
               of
               Naturalization
               whatsoever
               ,
               that
               have
               formerly
               been
               given
               ,
               may
               bee
               revoked
               ,
               and
               never
               anie
               granted
               hereafter
               .
               And
               if
               anie
               should
               bee
               granted
               ,
               although
               with
               derogatorie
               clauses
               ,
               and
               by
               an
               absolute
               power
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               bee
               respectively
               received
               ,
               but
               not
               fulfilled
               .
               That
               there
               may
               bee
               
               no
               penaltie
               for
               the
               non-performance
               of
               anie
               such
               supplication
               ,
               and
               whosoever
               should
               bee
               strict
               therein
               ,
               may
               bee
               apprehended
               and
               severely
               punished
               by
               the
               Justices
               of
               the
               kingdom
               where
               hee
               was
               taken
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               Judges
               ,
               Notaries
               ,
               and
               other
               Officers
               of
               the
               Ecclesiastical
               Courts
               ,
               may
               not
               have
               or
               demand
               more
               fees
               then
               those
               of
               the
               Secular
               Courts
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               ●tatutes
               of
               the
               kingdoms
               .
               And
               if
               ,
               in
               anie
               case
               ,
               the
               Apostolical
               Autoritie
               bee
               requisite
               ,
               their
               Majesties
               may
               bee
               pleased
               to
               send
               to
               their
               Emb●ssador
               to
               procure
               it
               from
               his
               Holiness
               ,
               and
               send
               it
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               the
               Archbishops
               ,
               B●shops
               ,
               and
               Prelates
               of
               the
               kingdoms
               ,
               may
               reside
               in
               their
               own
               Diocess
               the
               greatest
               part
               of
               t●e
               year
               ,
               whereo●
               ,
               if
               they
               fail
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               lose
               proportionably
               a
               pa●t
               of
               their
               fruits
               ,
               to
               bee
               emploied
               for
               the
               building
               or
               repairing
               of
               their
               Churches
               ;
               for
               ,
               by
               reason
               of
               their
               beeing
               absent
               ,
               the
               Divine
               Service
               is
               not
               performed
               as
               it
               ought
               to
               bee
               .
               That
               his
               Ma●estie
               send
               for
               a
               Bull
               to
               this
               eff●ct
               from
               his
               Holiness
               ,
               within
               the
               space
               of
               one
               year
               .
               And
               if
               his
               Majestie
               did
               not
               send
               for
               it
               within
               the
               said
               term
               ,
               that
               the
               kingdom
               might
               have
               power
               to
               demand
               it
               ,
               and
               take
               ,
               by
               his
               Autoritie
               ,
               out
               of
               the
               fruits
               of
               the
               said
               dignities
               ,
               as
               much
               as
               would
               diffraie
               the
               charges
               of
               the
               Journie
               ,
               and
               sollicitation
               to
               procure
               it
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               forasmuch
               as
               his
               Holiness
               at
               his
               Majesties
               r●quest
               had
               sent
               a
               Licence
               to
               the
               Archbishop
               of
               Granada
               ,
               purposing
               that
               whosoever
               should
               have
               his
               said
               power
               (
               although
               secular
               persons
               )
               might
               judg
               and
               give
               sentence
               in
               som
               cases
               against
               Priests
               ,
               in
               criminal
               matters
               .
               That
               his
               Majestie
               would
               bee
               pleased
               to
               caus
               the
               said
               Licence
               to
               bee
               enrolled
               within
               six
               months
               ,
               and
               send
               a
               Copie
               thereof
               into
               these
               kingdom
               ,
               to
               excuse
               and
               avoid
               the
               scandals
               which
               arise
               thereby
               .
            
          
           
             
               Concerning
               Regidores
               .
            
             
               THat
               henceforwards
               ,
               their
               Majesties
               ,
               or
               their
               Successors
               ,
               never
               give
               or
               grant
               anie
               Licence
               to
               the
               
                 Regidores
                 ,
                 Veyntiquatros
                 ,
                 Iurados
              
               ,
               and
               other
               Officers
               of
               the
               Council
               of
               Cities
               ,
               Towns
               or
               Villages
               of
               these
               kingdoms
               ,
               to
               live
               with
               ,
               or
               have
               
               anie
               dependance
               upon
               Noble-men
               .
               That
               all
               Licences
               to
               this
               effect
               whatsoever
               ,
               granted
               in
               former
               times
               ,
               may
               bee
               revoked
               ;
               That
               the
               Laws
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               may
               bee
               herein
               observed
               and
               executed
               .
               That
               whosoever
               shall
               procure
               ,
               or
               make
               use
               of
               anie
               such
               Licence
               ,
               may
               bee
               deprived
               of
               his
               office
               .
               And
               that
               their
               Majesties
               dispose
               thereof
               ,
               as
               beeing
               vacant
               ,
               but
               that
               hee
               or
               his
               children
               may
               never
               re-injoy
               it
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               the
               Regidores
               of
               the
               Cities
               and
               Towns
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               who
               are
               Lawyers
               ,
               may
               not
               execute
               the
               office
               of
               Advocates
               ,
               nor
               plead
               in
               the
               said
               Cities
               or
               Towns
               ,
               but
               for
               them
               and
               their
               Commonalties
               .
            
          
           
             
               Alienation
               of
               Goods
               or
               Lands
               from
               the
               Royal
               Crown
               .
            
             
               THat
               his
               Majestie
               command
               effectually
               to
               restore
               the
               Towns
               ,
               Villages
               ,
               Forts
               ,
               Jurisdictions
               ,
               Revenues
               ,
               and
               all
               other
               Rights
               whatsoever
               ,
               to
               the
               Cities
               and
               Towns
               of
               his
               Royal
               Crown
               ,
               which
               they
               had
               formerly
               in
               their
               possession
               ,
               and
               which
               the
               most
               illustrious
               Queen
               
                 Donia
                 ●sabel
              
               ,
               our
               Ladie
               ,
               commanded
               in
               her
               will
               to
               bee
               restored
               .
               And
               to
               the
               end
               this
               may
               bee
               effected
               ,
               and
               the
               wills
               of
               the
               Catholick
               King
               
                 Don
                 Fernando
              
               and
               his
               Queen
               
                 Donia
                 Isabel
              
               ,
               may
               bee
               fulfilled
               ,
               That
               executors
               may
               bee
               appointed
               with
               sufficient
               power
               to
               perform
               the
               same
               within
               six
               months
               without
               further
               delaie
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               this
               may
               remedied
               henceforwards
               ,
               That
               their
               Majesties
               or
               Successors
               ,
               for
               no
               reason
               or
               caus
               ,
               neither
               in
               paiment
               or
               satisfaction
               of
               services
               ,
               or
               anie
               other
               waies
               whatsoever
               ,
               may
               alienate
               anie
               thing
               from
               the
               Royal
               Crown
               or
               Patrimonie
               ,
               and
               in
               case
               anie
               alienation
               bee
               made
               ,
               that
               it
               may
               bee
               restored
               .
            
          
           
             
               Concerning
               Forts
               and
               Alcaydias
               ,
               or
               Governments
               .
            
             
               THat
               the
               Forts
               and
               Alcaydias
               of
               the
               strong
               holds
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               may
               not
               bee
               given
               to
               anie
               forreiners
               ,
               but
               intrusted
               to
               the
               Natives
               and
               Inhabitants
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               although
               they
               may
               produce
               letters
               of
               naturalization
               ,
               And
               that
               the
               same
               order
               bee
               observed
               herein
               ,
               as
               in
               the
               Dignities
               and
               
               Ecclesiastical
               preferments
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 That
              
               his
               Majestie
               take
               away
               all
               command
               or
               governments
               whatsoever
               of
               Castles
               and
               Forts
               ,
               possessed
               by
               strangers
               ,
               or
               transferred
               by
               them
               for
               monie
               to
               anie
               natives
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               
                 Antonio
                 de
                 Fonseca
              
               may
               bee
               dispossessed
               of
               the
               offices
               and
               command
               hee
               hath
               in
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               in
               regard
               of
               the
               great
               mischiefs
               and
               scandals
               which
               they
               suffer
               by
               his
               occasion
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 that
              
               the
               Forts
               and
               Alcaydias
               may
               not
               bee
               given
               to
               anie
               Noble-men
               or
               persons
               of
               high
               birth
               and
               qualitie
               .
               And
               that
               the
               Alcaydes
               or
               Commanders
               thereof
               may
               take
               the
               oath
               of
               fealtie
               to
               his
               Majestie
               ,
               and
               give
               securitie
               to
               the
               Cities
               and
               Towns
               where
               they
               are
               ,
               that
               ,
               by
               or
               from
               the
               said
               Forts
               ,
               they
               shall
               receiv
               no
               dammage
               or
               prejudice
               .
            
             
               
                 Item
                 ,
                 that
              
               his
               Majestie
               give
               order
               forthwith
               ,
               and
               every
               two
               years
               from
               this
               time
               forwards
               ,
               to
               visite
               and
               repair
               ,
               as
               occasion
               doth
               require
               ,
               the
               Forts
               and
               places
               of
               strength
               upon
               the
               frontiers
               of
               these
               Kingdoms
               .
            
          
           
             
               Concerning
               Cloath
               .
            
             
               THat
               the
               Cloath
               that
               is
               imported
               from
               other
               Countries
               may
               bee
               of
               the
               same
               size
               and
               goodness
               ,
               as
               those
               which
               are
               wrought
               in
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               according
               as
               it
               is
               ordered
               by
               the
               Statutes
               and
               Act
               of
               Parlament
               .
               That
               the
               said
               Act
               may
               bee
               executed
               aswell
               upon
               forreign
               Clothes
               ,
               as
               those
               which
               are
               made
               in
               these
               Kingdoms
               .
               That
               what
               deferring
               of
               the
               time
               of
               the
               Act
               ,
               or
               Licences
               soëver
               have
               been
               granted
               to
               sell
               and
               disperse
               them
               in
               these
               Kingdoms
               ,
               may
               bee
               revoked
               and
               declared
               void
               .
               That
               hereafter
               no
               such
               Licences
               bee
               granted
               ,
               but
               in
               case
               there
               bee
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               not
               bee
               fulfilled
               .
               And
               that
               ,
               without
               stopping
               or
               arresting
               them
               ,
               the
               Justices
               may
               proceed
               according
               to
               the
               Act
               ,
               under
               pain
               of
               losing
               their
               offices
               ,
               and
               paying
               one
               hundred
               thousand
               Maravediz
               towards
               the
               reparations
               and
               charitable
               uses
               of
               the
               Citie
               ,
               Town
               ,
               or
               Village
               ,
               where
               their
               Residence
               is
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Contribution
               .
            
             
               IN
               regard
               it
               is
               ordeined
               by
               the
               Laws
               of
               the
               Land
               ,
               that
               certain
               Towns
               and
               Villages
               (
               which
               now
               are
               under
               the
               possession
               of
               som
               Noblemen
               )
               should
               proportionably
               (
               as
               the
               rest
               of
               their
               neighboring
               Cities
               and
               Towns
               )
               bear
               a
               share
               in
               the
               Tributes
               and
               Contributions
               ,
               and
               Taxes
               for
               Hedges
               ,
               Bridges
               ,
               Fountains
               ,
               Watchmen
               ,
               Suits
               in
               Law
               ,
               Defences
               ,
               and
               enlargement
               of
               Territories
               ;
               yet
               by
               the
               favor
               of
               Noblemen
               and
               persons
               of
               great
               qualitie
               ,
               (
               to
               whom
               they
               belong
               )
               they
               do
               not
               observ
               or
               fulfil
               his
               Majesties
               Commands
               herein
               .
               That
               henceforwards
               they
               may
               bee
               obliged
               to
               perform
               them
               ,
               and
               in
               case
               of
               default
               to
               lose
               their
               Offices
               ,
               and
               all
               the
               Salarie
               thereof
               ;
               and
               that
               the
               Lords
               of
               the
               said
               places
               may
               not
               oppose
               or
               do
               any
               thing
               to
               the
               contrarie
               under
               pain
               of
               losing
               the
               Lordship
               and
               proprietie
               of
               the
               said
               places
               ,
               or
               Towns
               ,
               which
               afterwards
               shall
               bee
               as
               Crown-Lands
               never
               to
               bee
               alienated
               from
               the
               Royal
               Patrimonie
               .
            
          
           
             
               GENERALS
               .
            
             
               FOrasmuch
               as
               his
               Majestie
               ,
               in
               the
               Parlaments
               which
               hee
               called
               at
               Valladolid
               and
               the
               Groyn
               ,
               did
               grant
               som
               things
               ,
               which
               ,
               for
               the
               profit
               and
               publick
               good
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               ,
               ought
               to
               bee
               effected
               :
               That
               his
               Majestie
               command
               all
               provisions
               and
               power
               necessarie
               for
               the
               performance
               thereof
               ,
               to
               bee
               given
               to
               the
               Cities
               ,
               Towns
               ,
               and
               other
               places
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               his
               Majestie
               give
               order
               to
               proceed
               rigorously
               against
               
                 Antonio
                 de
                 Fonseca
                 ,
                 Alcalde
                 Ronquillo
                 ,
                 Gutiere
                 Quixada
                 ,
                 El
                 Licenciado
                 Iuanes
                 ,
              
               and
               the
               rest
               ,
               that
               had
               any
               hand
               in
               the
               bur●ing
               and
               destroying
               of
               the
               Town
               of
               
                 Medina
                 del
                 Campo
              
               ▪
               And
               that
               his
               Majestie
               approve
               and
               allow
               of
               what
               the
               Kingdom
               shall
               do
               concerning
               the
               confiscation
               of
               their
               ,
               or
               any
               of
               th●●●
               estates
               and
               goods
               .
            
             
               Item
               ,
               that
               their
               Majesties
               approve
               the
               Assemblie
               which
               the
               Cities
               and
               Towns
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               have
               made
               ,
               and
               do
               make
               
               to
               the
               end
               they
               may
               repair
               and
               remedie
               the
               exorbitancies
               and
               grievances
               of
               the
               Publick
               ;
               to
               make
               and
               ordain
               these
               Articles
               ,
               and
               all
               which
               they
               have
               done
               in
               order
               to
               the
               suspending
               of
               those
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               and
               Officers
               of
               their
               Majesties
               Familie
               and
               Court
               ,
               placing
               and
               displacing
               Officers
               of
               Justice
               ,
               taking
               and
               demolishing
               of
               Forts
               ,
               pulling
               down
               of
               houses
               ,
               killing
               of
               men
               ,
               tumults
               and
               uproars
               ,
               and
               judging
               and
               sentencing
               other
               matters
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               ;
               their
               endeavors
               in
               taking
               away
               all
               that
               might
               stop
               or
               hinder
               their
               proceedings
               herein
               ,
               and
               any
               other
               excess
               whatsoever
               ,
               as
               in
               the
               order
               and
               form
               of
               the
               premisses
               is
               conteined
               ▪
               The
               assembling
               the
               people
               ,
               raising
               of
               Arms
               ,
               and
               the
               punishment
               which
               certain
               Cities
               and
               Commonalties
               have
               inflicted
               upon
               the
               persons
               ,
               houses
               ,
               and
               goods
               of
               ●om
               men
               ,
               whom
               they
               esteemed
               enemies
               to
               the
               publick
               good
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               .
               And
               that
               their
               Majesties
               acknowledg
               to
               bee
               well
               emploied
               ,
               all
               and
               every
               the
               sums
               of
               monie
               which
               they
               have
               taken
               out
               of
               the
               Roial
               Revenue
               ,
               and
               other
               things
               ,
               and
               disbursed
               in
               paiment
               of
               the
               said
               men
               ,
               and
               Armies
               ,
               or
               otherwaies
               in
               prosecution
               of
               the
               above-said
               premisses
               :
               And
               whatsoever
               taxes
               they
               had
               imposed
               and
               recovered
               to
               that
               effect
               ,
               or
               expended
               in
               any
               kinde
               .
               That
               their
               Majesties
               would
               command
               all
               to
               bee
               remitted
               and
               absolutely
               pardoned
               ,
               as
               also
               not
               onely
               their
               Assemblies
               and
               Councils
               of
               the
               Cities
               and
               Towns
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               ,
               but
               likewise
               that
               every
               particular
               person
               or
               persons
               that
               had
               been
               active
               therein
               ,
               might
               bee
               free
               from
               anie
               trouble
               or
               question
               therefore
               in
               anie
               Courts
               ,
               civil
               or
               criminal
               .
               That
               their
               Majesties
               would
               revoke
               and
               declare
               void
               ,
               all
               and
               everie
               information
               or
               informations
               ,
               commands
               ,
               sentences
               ,
               and
               provisions
               which
               those
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               or
               the
               
                 Alcalde
                 Ronquillo
              
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               Judg
               whatsoever
               ,
               had
               made
               or
               given
               against
               any
               of
               the
               Cities
               or
               Towns
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               ,
               or
               against
               any
               particular
               persons
               ,
               and
               that
               for
               this
               caus
               they
               ,
               nor
               any
               of
               them
               ,
               might
               bee
               deprived
               of
               their
               privileges
               or
               offices
               ,
               but
               might
               remain
               free
               and
               indemnified
               .
               In
               regard
               they
               were
               moved
               thereunto
               out
               of
               their
               respects
               to
               their
               Majesties
               service
               ,
               and
               the
               publick
               good
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               ,
               
               and
               for
               the
               encreasing
               &
               preserving
               of
               the
               revenues
               and
               Patrimonie
               Roial
               ,
               in
               order
               to
               the
               obligations
               and
               duties
               which
               they
               owed
               to
               their
               natural
               Sovereigns
               ,
               according
               as
               the
               Laws
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               have
               ordeined
               .
               And
               that
               his
               Majestie
               would
               grant
               ,
               autorize
               ,
               and
               confirm
               the
               said
               Articles
               as
               a
               perpetual
               and
               inviolable
               Law
               for
               ever
               ,
               and
               that
               he
               would
               promise
               &
               swear
               ,
               by
               God
               and
               his
               holie
               Evangelists
               ,
               never
               to
               revoke
               ,
               or
               consent
               to
               the
               revoking
               or
               altering
               of
               them
               ,
               or
               do
               ,
               or
               suffer
               to
               bee
               done
               ,
               any
               thing
               contrarie
               to
               their
               true
               intent
               and
               meaning
               in
               Parlament
               ,
               or
               out
               of
               Parlament
               :
               And
               that
               hee
               would
               not
               demand
               of
               the
               Pope
               or
               other
               Prelate
               whatsoever
               any
               dispensation
               or
               absolution
               for
               the
               said
               oath
               and
               promise
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             ▪
             III.
             
          
           
             THese
             Articles
             were
             sent
             to
             Flanders
             by
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             to
             bee
             delivered
             to
             the
             Emperor
             .
             
               Antonio
               Vazquez
               de
               Avila
            
             carried
             one
             Copie
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             
               Maestro
               Fray
               Pablo
            
             (
             a
             man
             of
             an
             exemplarie
             life
             and
             holie
             intentions
             ,
             
             onely
             blinded
             with
             a
             zeal
             for
             his
             Countrie
             ,
             seeing
             the
             Kingdom
             ruined
             )
             another
             .
             They
             went
             several
             waies
             ,
             but
             neither
             of
             them
             durst
             appear
             before
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             and
             som
             saie
             ,
             they
             never
             came
             into
             
               Flanders
               .
               Antonio
               Vazquez
               de
               Avila
            
             arrived
             at
             length
             at
             Worms
             in
             Germanie
             ,
             which
             the
             Emperor
             hearing
             ,
             commanded
             him
             to
             bee
             apprehended
             and
             imprisoned
             in
             a
             Fort
             ;
             but
             after
             som
             time
             ,
             beeing
             better
             informed
             ,
             hee
             gave
             order
             to
             releas
             him
             .
             
               Fray
               Pablo
            
             ,
             and
             
               Sancho
               Zimbron
            
             ,
             who
             went
             together
             ,
             hearing
             ,
             before
             they
             came
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             how
             
               Antonio
               Vazquez
            
             had
             been
             welcomed
             ,
             went
             no
             further
             then
             Bruxels
             .
             These
             Articles
             were
             applauded
             and
             held
             for
             holie
             things
             amongst
             the
             Commonaltie
             ;
             they
             said
             ,
             The
             Emperor
             must
             bee
             verie
             cruel
             if
             hee
             did
             not
             confirm
             them
             .
             That
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             deserved
             an
             immortal
             Crown
             ,
             and
             a
             never-dying
             fame
             for
             their
             pains
             and
             care
             in
             making
             such
             excellent
             and
             holie
             Ordinances
             ,
             whereby
             their
             
             Kingdoms
             should
             bee
             made
             the
             happiest
             ,
             and
             most
             opulent
             in
             the
             world
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             IV.
             
          
           
             THe
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             beeing
             desirous
             to
             compose
             these
             differences
             and
             disorders
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             before
             they
             broke
             out
             anie
             further
             ,
             resolved
             to
             go
             and
             convers
             with
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             at
             Tordesillas
             ,
             and
             beeing
             at
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             hee
             sent
             to
             them
             ,
             desiring
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             give
             him
             the
             libertie
             and
             safe
             conduct
             to
             go
             to
             them
             .
             Those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             answered
             ,
             That
             they
             knew
             very
             well
             ,
             that
             his
             Lordship
             came
             to
             speak
             with
             them
             concerning
             the
             Commonalties
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             but
             they
             desired
             him
             not
             to
             put
             himself
             to
             the
             trouble
             of
             coming
             thither
             ,
             until
             he
             had
             dismissed
             those
             Gentlemen
             ,
             with
             their
             sou●diers
             ,
             out
             of
             Medina
             ,
             and
             his
             own
             lands
             ,
             &
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             likewise
             ,
             in
             regard
             they
             disserved
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             and
             hindred
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             which
             don
             ,
             they
             should
             be
             very
             glad
             to
             serv
             him
             ,
             and
             shew
             him
             all
             the
             respects
             due
             to
             his
             person
             .
             The
             Admiral
             replied
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             well
             contented
             to
             discharge
             all
             those
             souldiers
             ,
             and
             send
             away
             all
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             except
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             who
             were
             the
             Governors
             and
             principal
             men
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             :
             Those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             would
             not
             bee
             satisfied
             ,
             unless
             they
             were
             all
             sent
             away
             .
             Whereupon
             they
             sent
             two
             Heralds
             with
             a
             Notarie
             publick
             ,
             to
             require
             him
             with
             great
             protestations
             ,
             that
             hee
             should
             not
             permit
             the
             mischiefs
             and
             dammages
             which
             might
             bee
             occasioned
             by
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             and
             the
             Armies
             of
             the
             Advers
             Partie
             .
             They
             sent
             others
             also
             with
             trumpets
             ,
             to
             require
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             and
             the
             Earl
             of
             Alva
             ,
             not
             to
             levie
             anie
             Souldiers
             ,
             becaus
             that
             would
             bee
             prejudicial
             to
             the
             Roial
             Crown
             ,
             and
             hurtful
             to
             the
             Kingdoms
             .
             The
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             received
             those
             that
             brought
             him
             this
             message
             very
             courteously
             ,
             and
             commanded
             a
             dinner
             to
             bee
             prepared
             for
             
             them
             ;
             After
             which
             ,
             hee
             sent
             them
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Alva
             ,
             with
             twelv
             of
             his
             own
             men
             on
             hors-back
             .
             The
             Earl
             apprehended
             the
             chief
             man
             of
             them
             ,
             commanding
             him
             to
             bee
             clapt
             in
             prison
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             ,
             they
             saie
             ,
             hee
             caused
             him
             to
             bee
             strangled
             ,
             and
             gave
             no
             other
             Answer
             to
             the
             Iunta
             :
             whereat
             they
             were
             very
             much
             displeas'd
             ;
             others
             said
             ,
             The
             Earl
             did
             like
             a
             worthie
             Gentleman
             ,
             for
             no
             Law
             or
             Word
             is
             to
             be
             observ'd
             or
             kept
             with
             Traitors
             .
             The
             unfortunate
             man
             ,
             whom
             the
             Earl
             thus
             put
             to
             death
             ,
             had
             been
             ,
             not
             long
             before
             ,
             preferred
             by
             those
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             to
             the
             Office
             of
             Chamberlain
             to
             the
             Queen
             
               Donia
               Iuana
            
             .
             In
             revenge
             of
             which
             crueltie
             (
             as
             they
             termed
             it
             )
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             commanded
             the
             Lord
             Constable
             ,
             and
             the
             Earl
             of
             Alva
             ,
             to
             bee
             proclaimed
             ,
             in
             manie
             Cities
             and
             places
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             Traitors
             ,
             and
             capital
             enemies
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ;
             alledging
             ,
             That
             they
             raised
             forces
             against
             the
             Roial
             Crown
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             prejudice
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             That
             they
             had
             made
             a
             new
             Broad-Seal
             ,
             contrarie
             to
             the
             Laws
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             wherewith
             they
             did
             seal
             Orders
             against
             his
             Majesties
             Subjects
             ,
             and
             contrarie
             to
             all
             right
             and
             Justice
             .
             That
             they
             did
             favor
             and
             uphold
             those
             of
             the
             evil
             Counsel
             ;
             and
             that
             they
             had
             apprehended
             her
             Majesties
             Chamberlain
             ,
             all
             which
             was
             in
             dis-respect
             or
             contempt
             of
             her
             Majestie
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             prejudice
             of
             the
             publick
             good
             .
             And
             therefore
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             the
             service
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             did
             finde
             themselvs
             obliged
             to
             declare
             them
             Capital
             Enemies
             ,
             and
             accordingly
             ,
             that
             their
             Estates
             and
             Land
             should
             bee
             seized
             and
             forfeited
             to
             the
             Roial
             Crown
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             V.
             
          
           
             THose
             of
             the
             Iunta
             beeing
             possessed
             of
             Tordesillas
             ,
             and
             having
             the
             Queen
             ,
             with
             her
             familie
             ,
             and
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             in
             their
             own
             hands
             ,
             manie
             people
             believed
             that
             shee
             was
             recovered
             ,
             and
             that
             shee
             was
             well-pleased
             with
             
             the
             proceedings
             of
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             .
             The
             increasing
             of
             this
             opinion
             ,
             and
             their
             credit
             with
             the
             people
             ,
             raised
             their
             thoughts
             to
             things
             of
             higher
             consequence
             ,
             and
             the
             novelties
             which
             everie
             daie
             did
             produce
             ,
             were
             already
             swoln
             to
             so
             great
             a
             number
             ,
             and
             spred
             into
             so
             manie
             parts
             that
             it
             is
             impossible
             to
             relate
             them
             so
             cleerly
             ,
             fully
             ,
             and
             distinctly
             as
             I
             would
             .
             The
             pretence
             of
             the
             Iunta
             was
             so
             plausible
             ,
             bearing
             the
             sugared
             name
             (
             which
             they
             gave
             it
             )
             of
             Libertie
             ,
             and
             exemption
             from
             unjust
             taxes
             and
             evil
             government
             ,
             that
             divers
             other
             places
             ,
             were
             likewise
             in
             Arms
             for
             them
             ;
             And
             it
             was
             a
             miracle
             that
             anie
             place
             stood
             out
             :
             For
             they
             favored
             and
             countenanced
             them
             that
             followed
             their
             faction
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             contrarie
             Partie
             were
             perpetually
             under
             the
             lash
             of
             their
             persecution
             .
             
             In
             Palencia
             the
             people
             mutinied
             ,
             and
             would
             have
             killed
             the
             brother
             to
             their
             Bishop
             Mota
             ,
             with
             divers
             Canons
             ,
             and
             other
             Priests
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             becaus
             they
             had
             given
             possession
             of
             the
             Bishoprick
             to
             the
             said
             Mota
             ,
             
             whom
             they
             extreamly
             hated
             .
             In
             
               Alcala
               de
               Henares
            
             they
             turned
             the
             Governor
             ,
             and
             the
             Vicar-General
             to
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             ,
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             becaus
             they
             hated
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             for
             beeing
             a
             kinsman
             to
             Xeures
             ,
             and
             a
             stranger
             .
             Medina
             prepared
             to
             make
             open
             War
             against
             Coca
             and
             Alaejos
             ,
             in
             revenge
             of
             the
             mischiefs
             and
             losses
             which
             they
             had
             susteined
             by
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             .
             It
             would
             bee
             an
             endless
             task
             to
             undertake
             to
             give
             a
             particular
             relation
             of
             their
             outrages
             ,
             what
             persecutions
             ,
             robberies
             ,
             and
             murthers
             ,
             were
             committed
             in
             each
             place
             .
             Those
             of
             Segovia
             did
             not
             lie
             still
             either
             ,
             but
             were
             perpetually
             making
             new
             attempts
             against
             the
             Earl
             of
             Chinchon
             ,
             and
             the
             Town
             of
             Espinar
             ,
             which
             they
             assaulted
             and
             sacked
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             been
             Infidels
             ,
             carrying
             away
             their
             wives
             and
             daughters
             ,
             some
             of
             whose
             husbands
             following
             after
             the
             Segovians
             ,
             said
             ,
             That
             if
             their
             wives
             went
             with
             them
             beyond
             a
             certain
             limit
             ,
             they
             should
             keep
             them
             for
             ever
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             VI.
             
          
           
             I
             Mentioned
             in
             the
             rising
             of
             Burgos
             ,
             the
             prudence
             and
             courage
             which
             the
             Lord
             high
             Counstable
             ,
             to
             detain
             and
             suppress
             the
             furie
             of
             that
             disorderly
             people
             ,
             had
             shewed
             ,
             in
             taking
             upon
             himself
             the
             Autoritie
             and
             care
             of
             administring
             Justice
             ,
             to
             the
             great
             contentment
             and
             rejoicing
             of
             the
             Citizens
             .
             But
             the
             inconstant
             Vulgar
             ,
             upon
             no
             occasion
             ,
             lost
             the
             respect
             which
             was
             due
             to
             so
             honorable
             a
             person
             ,
             never
             considering
             how
             advantageous
             it
             would
             have
             been
             for
             them
             to
             have
             suff●red
             themselvs
             to
             bee
             governed
             by
             him
             in
             such
             troublesom
             times
             .
             That
             which
             they
             pretended
             to
             bee
             the
             caus
             of
             their
             respectless
             audacitie
             was
             ,
             That
             when
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             did
             besiege
             
               Alaejos
               ,
               Segovia
               ,
               Salamanca
               ,
               Avila
               ,
            
             and
             other
             Cities
             ,
             having
             assisted
             them
             with
             men
             to
             destroie
             that
             Town
             ,
             out
             of
             the
             exceeding
             hatred
             which
             they
             bore
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
               :
               Burgos
            
             would
             do
             the
             like
             out
             of
             revenge
             of
             the
             Merchandise
             which
             they
             lost
             in
             Medina
             ,
             by
             Fonseca's
             burning
             it
             :
             But
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             satisfied
             them
             otherwise
             ;
             And
             becaus
             his
             son
             offered
             himself
             to
             bee
             their
             Captain
             ,
             which
             the
             people
             imagined
             hee
             did
             onely
             out
             of
             subtiltie
             and
             cunning
             to
             amuse
             them
             or
             for
             som
             other
             by-respect
             ,
             they
             began
             to
             bee
             jealous
             of
             him
             ;
             this
             suspicion
             ingendred
             a
             mortal
             hatred
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             their
             furie
             grew
             beyond
             the
             bounds
             of
             moderation
             and
             obedience
             .
             The
             Lord
             high
             Counstable
             had
             privately
             conveyed
             into
             his
             hous
             four
             hundred
             Lances
             :
             Which
             beeing
             known
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             the
             Regidores
             and
             Gentlemen
             assembled
             ,
             and
             sent
             two
             of
             their
             companie
             to
             summon
             him
             .
             Hee
             excused
             himself
             ,
             saying
             ,
             hee
             was
             very
             ill
             ,
             and
             could
             not
             go
             to
             them
             :
             But
             they
             told
             him
             ,
             that
             they
             could
             not
             bee
             satisfied
             with
             that
             answer
             ,
             hee
             must
             rise
             ,
             and
             go
             with
             them
             .
             At
             last
             hee
             went
             ,
             and
             was
             civilly
             received
             ;
             beeing
             com
             amongst
             them
             ,
             two
             of
             the
             Assemblie
             in
             the
             names
             of
             all
             the
             
             rest
             ,
             rose
             up
             and
             thus
             bespake
             him
             ;
             Wee
             are
             very
             sorrie
             and
             grieved
             that
             the
             honor
             and
             affection
             wherewith
             this
             Citie
             hath
             alwaies
             served
             your
             Lordship
             and
             your
             Ancestors
             (
             beeing
             Persons
             of
             so
             great
             qualitie
             ,
             natives
             ,
             and
             in
             a
             maner
             ,
             Lords
             of
             all
             this
             Citie
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             chief
             of
             Castilla
             )
             should
             bee
             so
             ill
             requited
             ,
             as
             that
             you
             should
             keep
             secretly
             in
             your
             hous
             four
             hundred
             Lances
             ,
             to
             destroie
             the
             people
             :
             wee
             require
             you
             forthwith
             to
             dismiss
             them
             ,
             and
             reserv
             onely
             twentie
             servants
             about
             you
             ,
             if
             not
             ,
             the
             Citie
             will
             take
             their
             remedie
             .
             This
             was
             not
             very
             pleasing
             to
             the
             Lord
             Constable
             ,
             but
             it
             behoved
             him
             to
             satisfie
             their
             desires
             .
             Yet
             notwithstanding
             hee
             condescended
             to
             their
             wills
             ,
             
             the
             suspicions
             ceased
             not
             ,
             neither
             were
             the
             people
             pacified
             .
             Upon
             our
             Ladie
             's
             daie
             of
             September
             their
             furie
             broke
             out
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             Commonaltie
             rose
             up
             in
             Arms
             against
             him
             ,
             in
             such
             a
             raging
             manner
             that
             they
             had
             killed
             him
             ,
             if
             hee
             had
             not
             retired
             to
             his
             hous
             ,
             where
             almost
             two
             whole
             daies
             they
             kept
             him
             besieged
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Diego
               Sarmiento
            
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salinas
             with
             the
             Dutchess
             and
             the
             Countess
             their
             wives
             .
             After
             this
             ,
             seeing
             himself
             the
             object
             of
             the
             people's
             malice
             ,
             and
             every
             hour
             in
             danger
             to
             lose
             his
             life
             ;
             hee
             conditioned
             with
             the
             people
             to
             let
             him
             go
             freely
             with
             all
             his
             familie
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ;
             Which
             beeing
             granted
             ,
             hee
             went
             to
             a
             Town
             of
             his
             called
             Briviesca
             .
             This
             example
             of
             the
             People
             of
             Burgos
             ,
             made
             other
             places
             commit
             the
             like
             audacities
             against
             their
             Lords
             ;
             as
             Haro
             against
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             Son
             to
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ;
             Duenias
             against
             the
             Earl
             of
             Buendia
             ;
             and
             also
             Naxara
             against
             the
             Duke
             ;
             although
             that
             Citie
             doth
             allege
             and
             prove
             that
             they
             rose
             not
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             but
             for
             the
             King
             ,
             whose
             subjects
             and
             tenants
             (
             they
             saie
             )
             they
             are
             .
             The
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             beeing
             at
             Briviesca
             ,
             very
             full
             of
             care
             and
             sorrow
             to
             see
             the
             Kingdom
             in
             so
             great
             distempers
             ,
             and
             so
             little
             probabilitie
             of
             any
             remedie
             ;
             about
             the
             middle
             of
             September
             arrived
             
               Lope
               Hurtado
               de
               Mendoça
            
             with
             dispatches
             and
             orders
             from
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             importing
             that
             hee
             should
             bee
             Governor
             of
             Castilla
             and
             Navarra
             joyntly
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             the
             Admiral
             of
             Castilla
             ;
             Which
             
             having
             read
             ,
             hee
             presently
             accepted
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             :
             But
             becaus
             the
             Commission
             was
             for
             them
             all
             three
             ,
             hee
             could
             not
             so
             suddenly
             execute
             the
             Command
             .
             For
             the
             Cardinal
             was
             as
             yet
             at
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             the
             Admiral
             in
             Catalunia
             ,
             in
             the
             Countie
             of
             Cabra
             ,
             whither
             the
             dispatches
             were
             sent
             to
             him
             ,
             who
             was
             of
             opinion
             to
             defer
             the
             acceptance
             of
             that
             Charge
             ,
             until
             his
             return
             into
             Castilla
             ,
             and
             to
             use
             som
             means
             in
             the
             interim
             to
             agree
             and
             accommodate
             the
             differences
             of
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             as
             you
             have
             already
             heard
             .
             Which
             difficultie
             beeing
             related
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             beeing
             on
             the
             waie
             to
             Aquisgran
             ,
             where
             hee
             was
             Crowned
             ;
             hee
             sent
             other
             Letters
             dated
             the
             17
             October
             following
             ,
             with
             special
             command
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             that
             having
             assembled
             som
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             hee
             should
             ,
             alone
             with
             them
             ,
             execute
             the
             charge
             of
             Governor
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             &
             provide
             for
             the
             remedying
             of
             the
             present
             disorders
             ,
             until
             such
             time
             as
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             and
             the
             Admiral
             could
             com
             to
             join
             with
             him
             ;
             which
             hee
             did
             ,
             as
             shall
             appear
             hereafter
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             VII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             seeing
             the
             remedie
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             to
             lie
             upon
             his
             account
             (
             although
             hee
             was
             much
             offended
             with
             those
             of
             Burgos
             )
             without
             seeking
             any
             reparation
             of
             honor
             ,
             prudently
             endeavored
             by
             fair
             means
             and
             treatments
             full
             of
             courtesie
             ,
             to
             appeas
             that
             people
             ,
             and
             reduce
             them
             into
             the
             Roial
             waie
             of
             doing
             their
             Prince
             service
             ;
             for
             it
             was
             of
             no
             small
             importance
             for
             him
             ,
             at
             the
             beginning
             of
             his
             Government
             ,
             to
             gain
             that
             Citie
             ,
             and
             settle
             himself
             in
             it
             ,
             beeing
             the
             chief
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             and
             a
             place
             of
             such
             greatness
             and
             esteem
             .
             Hee
             kept
             intelligence
             with
             som
             principal
             Gentlemen
             of
             Burgos
             ,
             by
             whose
             industrie
             the
             Citie
             was
             so
             well
             disposed
             and
             ordered
             ,
             that
             within
             a
             short
             time
             after
             ,
             hee
             became
             master
             of
             it
             ;
             This
             was
             the
             first
             symptom
             of
             the
             Countrie
             's
             
             health
             ,
             and
             an
             Antidote
             against
             the
             desperate
             poison
             which
             had
             so
             infected
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             .
             The
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             together
             with
             the
             Citie
             ,
             committed
             to
             the
             Charge
             of
             
               Don
               Diego
               Lopez
               de
               Castro
            
             ,
             the
             government
             of
             the
             Castle
             of
             Lara
             ,
             with
             the
             territories
             thereof
             ,
             hee
             having
             first
             taken
             the
             Oath
             of
             Fealtie
             ,
             as
             hee
             was
             a
             Gentleman
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             order
             and
             manner
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             to
             keep
             it
             for
             the
             Emperor
             .
             From
             this
             time
             forwards
             Burgos
             began
             to
             have
             an
             ill
             conceit
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             disliking
             more
             and
             more
             their
             proceedings
             ,
             especially
             their
             ill
             treating
             of
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             and
             sent
             to
             their
             Commissioners
             to
             com
             away
             from
             Tordesillas
             .
             After
             which
             they
             wrote
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             in
             testimonie
             of
             their
             Loialtie
             ,
             encouraging
             and
             persuading
             those
             of
             that
             Citie
             to
             do
             the
             like
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             their
             due
             obedience
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             and
             the
             pacification
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             VIII
             .
          
           
             THose
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             beeing
             ill
             satisfied
             with
             the
             letters
             which
             they
             received
             from
             Burgos
             ,
             returned
             them
             no
             answer
             ,
             esteeming
             them
             people
             of
             small
             resolution
             or
             constancie
             ,
             and
             not
             fit
             to
             bee
             trusted
             .
             Those
             of
             Burgos
             sent
             letters
             likewise
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Junta
             ,
             telling
             them
             manie
             things
             by
             way
             of
             exhortation
             and
             advice
             ,
             amongst
             the
             rest
             ,
             That
             they
             should
             leav
             the
             Queen
             in
             her
             free
             libertie
             ,
             to
             do
             what
             shee
             pleased
             ,
             and
             to
             let
             things
             remain
             in
             the
             same
             condition
             the
             Emperor
             had
             left
             them
             ,
             with
             other
             circumstances
             ,
             which
             were
             contradicto●ie
             to
             what
             formerly
             they
             seemed
             to
             desire
             .
             Whereby
             it
             appeared
             ,
             that
             they
             declined
             the
             Interest
             of
             the
             Junta
             ,
             and
             favored
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable's
             Partie
             .
             Som
             other
             places
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             also
             began
             to
             bee
             more
             moderate
             ,
             by
             the
             Letters
             and
             promises
             which
             they
             received
             from
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             and
             other
             Gentlemen
             of
             note
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             IX
             .
          
           
             IN
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             the
             people
             were
             still
             divided
             by
             several
             factions
             ,
             some
             transported
             with
             a
             blind
             zeal
             ,
             pres●ed
             for
             obedience
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             thinking
             whatsoever
             they
             ordained
             was
             good
             and
             holie
             ;
             others
             desired
             with
             no
             less
             earnestness
             that
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             with
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             might
             bee
             re-admitted
             into
             the
             Citie
             ,
             deeming
             whatsoever
             was
             enacted
             without
             them
             ,
             to
             bee
             wicked
             and
             unjust
             :
             And
             hereupon
             they
             spoiled
             and
             murthered
             one
             another
             ,
             like
             people
             without
             sense
             or
             reason
             .
             Whereupon
             they
             wrote
             to
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             (
             who
             was
             their
             Countrie-man
             and
             neer
             neighbor
             )
             giving
             him
             account
             of
             the
             troubles
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             especially
             of
             the
             mischiefs
             which
             they
             feared
             would
             befall
             that
             Citie
             in
             particular
             .
             Whereunto
             hee
             sent
             an
             answer
             with
             an
             extraordinarie
             sens
             of
             sorrow
             ,
             to
             see
             the
             danger
             whereunto
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             was
             brought
             ,
             counselling
             and
             admonishing
             them
             to
             have
             a
             care
             left
             they
             lost
             themselvs
             :
             Moreover
             ,
             in
             regard
             that
             Citie
             had
             been
             noted
             particularly
             for
             their
             Loyaltie
             to
             their
             King
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             relation
             hee
             had
             to
             it
             by
             his
             birth
             ,
             it
             grieved
             him
             to
             the
             soul
             to
             see
             it
             in
             such
             extream
             distraction
             ,
             which
             hee
             feared
             would
             not
             bee
             so
             easily
             remedied
             ;
             with
             several
             other
             expressions
             of
             affection
             and
             tenderness
             for
             their
             welfare
             .
             But
             Valladolid
             did
             not
             set
             much
             by
             his
             admonitions
             at
             that
             time
             :
             But
             afterwards
             (
             though
             late
             )
             they
             were
             better
             advised
             ,
             and
             they
             found
             in
             the
             Admiral
             the
             mercie
             which
             they
             did
             expect
             ,
             as
             shall
             bee
             set
             down
             hereafter
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             X.
             
          
           
             THe
             Letters
             from
             Burgos
             ,
             with
             the
             sedulous
             and
             prudent
             endeavors
             of
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             made
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             to
             bethink
             themselvs
             a
             little
             ,
             and
             with
             a
             kinde
             of
             remors
             for
             what
             was
             past
             ,
             to
             begin
             to
             understand
             reason
             ,
             although
             the
             greatest
             part
             (
             but
             not
             the
             best
             )
             stickled
             hard
             to
             keep
             the
             Citie
             in
             obedience
             to
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             they
             might
             compass
             their
             own
             ill
             designes
             .
             After
             this
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             sent
             to
             notifie
             his
             Commission
             to
             bee
             Vice-Roy
             and
             Governor
             ,
             together
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             to
             all
             the
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             where
             it
             might
             conveniently
             bee
             done
             ,
             which
             beeing
             proclaimed
             ,
             in
             most
             places
             was
             obeyed
             .
             Whereupon
             hee
             sent
             to
             all
             his
             kindred
             and
             friends
             ,
             ordering
             them
             to
             rais
             what
             forces
             they
             could
             possibly
             ,
             and
             dispatched
             messengers
             to
             all
             the
             Grandees
             ,
             and
             Gentlemen
             of
             note
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             encouraging
             and
             enjoyning
             them
             to
             assemble
             ,
             and
             bee
             assistant
             to
             him
             .
             And
             he●ring
             that
             the
             President
             ,
             with
             others
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             were
             fled
             from
             Valladolid
             in
             the
             manner
             before
             mentioned
             ,
             hee
             sent
             for
             them
             to
             com
             to
             him
             ,
             which
             the
             President
             ,
             and
             some
             of
             them
             ,
             did
             .
             Afterwards
             the
             Letter
             coming
             to
             his
             hands
             ,
             wherein
             the
             Emperor
             Commanded
             (
             until
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             could
             joyn
             with
             them
             )
             That
             hee
             and
             the
             Cardinal
             should
             govern
             ;
             Hee
             presently
             began
             to
             put
             his
             Majestie
             's
             orders
             in
             execution
             ,
             using
             means
             to
             rais
             monie
             for
             the
             levying
             and
             paying
             of
             Souldiers
             :
             For
             without
             the
             force
             of
             Arms
             it
             seemed
             impossible
             to
             do
             any
             good
             ;
             and
             therefore
             hee
             sent
             to
             borrow
             fiftie
             thousand
             Duckets
             of
             the
             King
             of
             Portugal
             ,
             which
             hee
             lent
             him
             freely
             .
             With
             which
             monie
             ,
             and
             what
             hee
             had
             of
             his
             own
             ,
             or
             could
             procure
             any
             other
             waie
             ,
             hee
             raised
             some
             Infantrie
             .
             Which
             done
             hee
             wrote
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Naxara
               Don
               Antonio
               Manrique
            
             Vice-Roy
             of
             Navarra
             for
             more
             men
             ,
             who
             sent
             him
             five
             
             hundred
             foot
             Souldiers
             and
             some
             Artillerie
             ,
             which
             hee
             also
             desired
             very
             earnestly
             .
             Hee
             sent
             likewise
             for
             those
             of
             the
             Guards
             ,
             who
             came
             from
             that
             expedition
             ,
             which
             was
             called
             
               De
               les
               Gelues
            
             ;
             Some
             of
             which
             were
             readie
             to
             put
             themselvs
             in
             the
             King's
             service
             ,
             others
             took
             up
             Arms
             for
             the
             Junta
             ,
             by
             the
             persuasion
             and
             means
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             (
             who
             was
             upon
             tearms
             of
             beeing
             their
             Captain
             General
             )
             and
             of
             the
             Bishop
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Acunia
            
             ,
             a
             great
             stickler
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             .
             Also
             hee
             carried
             the
             business
             with
             those
             of
             Burgos
             in
             such
             manner
             ,
             that
             they
             all
             should
             bee
             ingaged
             in
             the
             Emperor's
             service
             ,
             promising
             them
             very
             fair
             conditions
             ,
             and
             delivering
             into
             their
             hands
             
               Don
               Iuan
               de
               Tovar
            
             Marquis
             of
             Berlanga
             ,
             his
             second
             Son
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Bernardino
               de
               Velasco
            
             ,
             his
             yongest
             Son
             ,
             as
             hostages
             ,
             until
             such
             time
             as
             his
             Majestie
             should
             allow
             and
             confirm
             his
             agreement
             vvith
             them
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XI
             .
          
           
             WHilest
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             was
             making
             all
             these
             diligences
             ,
             the
             Cardinal
             stole
             secretly
             out
             of
             Valladolid
             (
             as
             you
             heard
             already
             ,
             upon
             the
             20
             of
             October
             1520
             ,
             with
             one
             single
             Page
             ,
             and
             thence
             hee
             went
             to
             Rioseco
             ;
             whence
             hee
             gave
             notice
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             and
             other
             Grandees
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             desiring
             them
             to
             send
             him
             men
             ,
             and
             to
             repair
             thither
             in
             his
             favor
             ;
             which
             they
             did
             .
             The
             first
             that
             came
             to
             him
             ,
             were
             ,
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Astorga
             ,
             who
             brought
             with
             him
             the
             26
             October
             ,
             eight
             hundred
             Cross-bow-men
             ,
             two
             hundred
             musketiers
             ,
             four
             hundred
             men
             Armed
             with
             Targets
             and
             head-pieces
             ,
             two
             hundred
             Lances
             ,
             and
             one
             hundred
             Light-horsmen
             .
             The
             Earl
             of
             Venaivente
             came
             ,
             the
             next
             daie
             following
             ,
             into
             Medina
             ,
             with
             two
             thousand
             five
             hundred
             Foot
             ,
             and
             two
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             Lances
             .
             The
             Earl
             of
             Lemos
             brought
             fifteen
             hundred
             men
             .
             The
             Earl
             of
             Valencia
             a
             thousand
             .
             All
             which
             Noblemen
             ,
             with
             some
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             staied
             in
             Rioseco
             with
             
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             exspecting
             more
             forces
             .
             
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Vega
            
             ,
             Lord
             of
             Grajal
             ,
             brought
             three
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             men
             ;
             and
             the
             Admiral
             ,
             Lord
             of
             that
             Town
             ,
             wrote
             ,
             hee
             would
             speedily
             bee
             there
             also
             .
             The
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             was
             very
             glad
             to
             hear
             of
             the
             Cardinal's
             escape
             .
             And
             according
             to
             his
             Agreement
             with
             those
             of
             Burgos
             ,
             hee
             entred
             into
             the
             Citie
             the
             first
             daie
             of
             November
             ,
             and
             notwithstanding
             some
             opposition
             ,
             hee
             possessed
             himself
             of
             it
             .
             Whence
             communicating
             by
             Letters
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             and
             other
             Nobles
             at
             Rioseco
             ,
             they
             concluded
             ,
             since
             there
             was
             no
             other
             remedie
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             carrie
             on
             their
             business
             by
             force
             of
             Arms
             ;
             That
             the
             Rande-vous
             should
             bee
             there
             at
             Rioseco
             ,
             that
             beeing
             the
             most
             convenient
             place
             ,
             becaus
             nearest
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             where
             the
             Iunta
             was
             likewise
             making
             their
             Armie
             .
             Hee
             resolved
             (
             it
             beeing
             generally
             so
             agreed
             upon
             )
             to
             staie
             at
             Burgos
             ,
             with
             such
             force
             as
             hee
             thought
             convenient
             ,
             to
             oppose
             and
             suppress
             the
             Merindades
             ,
             which
             were
             risen
             ,
             (
             of
             whom
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             with
             small
             discretion
             ,
             had
             made
             himself
             Captain
             )
             and
             sent
             his
             son
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Velasco
            
             ,
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             as
             Captain
             General
             of
             the
             Souldiers
             and
             Artillerie
             that
             were
             sent
             him
             out
             of
             Navarra
             ,
             and
             those
             Hors
             &
             Foot
             that
             were
             at
             
               Medina
               de
               Rioseco
            
             .
             The
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             departed
             from
             Burgos
             about
             the
             middle
             of
             November
             ,
             and
             went
             to
             Melgar
             ,
             eight
             leagues
             from
             thence
             ;
             Where
             hee
             staied
             to
             gather
             more
             Forces
             :
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Veloz
               de
               Guevaro
            
             ,
             Earl
             of
             
               Oniate
               ,
               Don
               Garcia
               Manrique
            
             ,
             Earl
             of
             Osorno
             ,
             the
             Martial
             of
             
               Fromesta
               ,
               Don
               Alonso
               de
               Peralta
               ,
            
             and
             other
             Gentlemen
             ,
             met
             him
             there
             ,
             everie
             one
             bringing
             as
             many
             men
             as
             they
             could
             rais
             ,
             thence
             they
             continued
             their
             march
             to
             Rioseco
             ,
             whither
             every
             daie
             came
             Gentlemen
             with
             other
             Forces
             .
             Of
             all
             which
             ,
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             gave
             a
             particular
             relation
             to
             the
             Emperor
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XII
             .
          
           
             FRom
             the
             very
             daie
             that
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             were
             informed
             of
             the
             naming
             of
             the
             two
             Governors
             ,
             they
             thought
             it
             was
             
             time
             for
             them
             to
             provide
             more
             forces
             then
             what
             they
             yet
             had
             raised
             .
             To
             which
             effect
             they
             presently
             dispatched
             Letters
             to
             all
             the
             Cities
             of
             their
             League
             ,
             advertising
             them
             of
             the
             great
             preparations
             the
             Governors
             were
             making
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             must
             furnish
             both
             men
             and
             monie
             .
             They
             wrote
             also
             to
             
               Don
               Manuel
            
             ,
             King
             of
             Portugal
             ,
             thinking
             to
             gain
             him
             to
             their
             Partie
             ;
             but
             what
             Answer
             hee
             returned
             I
             could
             never
             learn.
             
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XIII
             .
          
           
             THose
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             seeing
             so
             great
             a
             confluence
             of
             Souldiers
             com
             daily
             to
             Rioseco
             ,
             they
             dispatch'd
             messengers
             presently
             to
             their
             several
             Cities
             ,
             desiring
             they
             would
             speedily
             send
             thither
             what
             forces
             they
             could
             make
             .
             Salamanca
             ,
             with
             the
             territories
             t●erof
             ,
             furnished
             two
             hundred
             Lances
             ,
             and
             six
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             which
             ,
             with
             those
             from
             
               Toledo
               ,
               Madrid
            
             ,
             and
             Segovia
             ,
             made
             a
             reasonable
             good
             Armie
             .
             Thus
             both
             sides
             prepared
             what
             forces
             they
             could
             to
             destroie
             one
             another
             .
             Those
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             seeing
             themselvs
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             these
             two
             Parties
             ,
             and
             both
             very
             near
             them
             ,
             beeing
             not
             determined
             which
             side
             to
             take
             ,
             resolved
             to
             send
             to
             them
             both
             .
             Their
             Messengers
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Vaçan
            
             Lord
             of
             Van̄eça
             ,
             Doctor
             
               Francisco
               de
               Espinosa
               ,
               Pulgar
            
             and
             
               Diego
               de
               Zamora
            
             ,
             Batchellors
             at
             Law
             ,
             in
             the
             name
             of
             their
             Citie
             said
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             That
             if
             they
             did
             continue
             in
             doing
             that
             which
             was
             just
             and
             good
             for
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             as
             they
             had
             begun
             ,
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             with
             all
             their
             Armie
             and
             power
             ,
             would
             assist
             them
             ,
             but
             if
             otherwise
             ,
             they
             would
             decline
             their
             Interest
             ,
             and
             resist
             them
             .
             Thence
             they
             went
             to
             Rioseco
             ,
             and
             said
             as
             much
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             ;
             adding
             moreover
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             not
             intermeddle
             ,
             or
             hinder
             anie
             thing
             which
             the
             Iunta
             had
             done
             in
             favor
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             upon
             which
             condition
             they
             would
             obey
             them
             in
             all
             things
             ,
             and
             (
             if
             they
             pleased
             )
             receiv
             them
             into
             their
             Citie
             with
             honor
             and
             respect
             :
             And
             they
             did
             
             require
             them
             in
             the
             names
             and
             behalf
             of
             the
             Infante
             ,
             Gentlemen
             and
             Commonaltie
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             That
             they
             would
             not
             rais
             any
             Souldiers
             ,
             nor
             make
             any
             scandals
             or
             offence
             to
             the
             Countrie
             ,
             by
             gathering
             together
             Armies
             ,
             otherwise
             ,
             that
             they
             did
             protest
             against
             them
             .
             A
             brave
             resolution
             of
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             to
             stand
             out
             against
             them
             both
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XIV
             .
          
           
             NOtwithstanding
             the
             different
             factions
             which
             divided
             Valladolid
             ,
             they
             were
             all
             generally
             well
             affected
             to
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             desired
             hee
             should
             com
             amongst
             them
             ,
             hoping
             his
             presence
             would
             conduce
             much
             to
             the
             remedying
             of
             those
             mischiefs
             ,
             hee
             beeing
             a
             very
             noble
             Gentleman
             ,
             and
             no
             waie
             addicted
             to
             passion
             ,
             or
             partialitie
             .
             The
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             having
             intelligence
             of
             all
             that
             passed
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             wrote
             them
             a
             Letter
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             although
             hee
             did
             not
             desire
             to
             bee
             pestered
             with
             those
             troubles
             and
             confusions
             ,
             yet
             his
             coming
             thither
             should
             not
             bee
             deferred
             much
             longer
             .
             That
             his
             intention
             was
             to
             do
             good
             to
             them
             all
             generally
             ,
             being
             very
             much
             grieved
             for
             what
             had
             passed
             amongst
             them
             .
             That
             he
             could
             not
             choos
             but
             admire
             at
             the
             tumultuous
             risings
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             That
             if
             they
             had
             but
             written
             twice
             or
             thrice
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             he
             would
             have
             remedied
             all
             those
             disorders
             ,
             by
             granting
             what
             they
             desir'd
             .
             That
             their
             keeping
             Guards
             ,
             and
             going
             their
             Rounds
             about
             the
             Citie
             ,
             tended
             to
             nothing
             but
             the
             consuming
             of
             their
             Estates
             ,
             destroying
             of
             their
             Trade
             ,
             the
             undoing
             of
             the
             Husbandmen
             and
             Common
             People
             ,
             for
             which
             hee
             was
             very
             sorrie
             .
             That
             the
             whole
             world
             took
             notice
             heretofore
             of
             the
             nobleness
             and
             loialtie
             of
             these
             Kingdoms
             :
             And
             now
             their
             inconstancie
             ,
             divisions
             ,
             and
             factious
             insurrections
             ,
             afforded
             matter
             of
             discours
             to
             all
             other
             Nations
             .
             That
             they
             should
             take
             notice
             that
             the
             great
             Turk
             was
             com
             with
             a
             mightie
             Armie
             against
             Rodes
             ,
             ravaging
             and
             spoiling
             Christendom
             both
             by
             Sea
             and
             Land
             ,
             and
             that
             by
             reason
             of
             these
             dissentions
             ,
             animosities
             ,
             and
             confusion
             amongst
             
             the
             people
             ,
             it
             were
             no
             hard
             matter
             for
             him
             to
             gain
             footing
             in
             these
             Kingdoms
             .
             Therefore
             hee
             affectionately
             desired
             them
             all
             to
             bee
             pacified
             ,
             and
             to
             believ
             ,
             that
             his
             Majestie
             was
             very
             much
             troubled
             and
             aggrieved
             at
             these
             sad
             occurrences
             :
             And
             that
             at
             his
             return
             hee
             would
             procure
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             .
             This
             Letter
             beeing
             read
             in
             the
             publick
             Assemblie
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             did
             sufficiently
             startle
             som
             of
             them
             ,
             but
             they
             hoped
             for
             a
             ●emedie
             from
             heaven
             .
             After
             this
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             beeing
             at
             Zerbera
             ,
             wrote
             another
             Letter
             to
             them
             in
             a
             manner
             to
             the
             same
             effect
             .
             Which
             beeing
             heard
             and
             seen
             by
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             t●ey
             were
             astonished
             at
             the
             words
             and
             counsel
             wh●ch
             hee
             gave
             them
             therein
             ,
             not
             knowing
             how
             to
             answer
             his
             reasons
             ,
             nor
             to
             what
             they
             should
             attribute
             his
             counsels
             .
             Som
             that
             were
             of
             opinion
             that
             the
             Iunta
             was
             wicked
             and
             unlawful
             ,
             would
             have
             it
             bee
             dissolved
             ;
             others
             extolling
             it
             to
             the
             skie●
             ,
             urged
             ,
             that
             every
             bodie
             ought
             to
             conform
             themselvs
             thereunto
             .
             The
             Nobles
             and
             Gentrie
             at
             Rioseco
             were
             very
             desirous
             to
             re-unite
             and
             pacifie
             Valladolid
             ,
             it
             beeing
             so
             considerable
             a
             place
             ,
             thinking
             besides
             ,
             that
             if
             they
             were
             but
             Masters
             thereof
             ,
             they
             should
             with
             more
             facilitie
             compass
             their
             design
             upon
             the
             other
             Cities
             :
             To
             this
             effect
             they
             used
             all
             the
             policie
             and
             subtil
             inventions
             possible
             ,
             sending
             messengers
             ,
             and
             holding
             private
             intelligence
             with
             those
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             who
             were
             well
             affected
             and
             desired
             the
             King's
             service
             .
             The
             Citie
             was
             in
             this
             season
             more
             strictly
             watched
             then
             before
             ,
             they
             making
             secret
             Rounds
             ,
             and
             placing
             strong
             Guards
             at
             all
             the
             Gates
             ;
             for
             the
             contrarie
             parti●
             (
             which
             was
             the
             most
             powerful
             )
             was
             jealous
             ,
             and
             afraid
             of
             som
             double
             dealing
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XV.
             
          
           
             AT
             the
             same
             time
             that
             Valladolid
             received
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             's
             Letters
             ,
             others
             were
             brought
             to
             them
             from
             Burgos
             ,
             which
             were
             likewise
             read
             in
             the
             publick
             Assemblie
             of
             the
             
             Citie
             .
             The
             Reader
             may
             imagine
             what
             various
             humors
             ,
             what
             speeches
             ,
             what
             factions
             ,
             what
             passions
             were
             engendred
             ,
             by
             the
             Contents
             of
             those
             Letters
             ;
             finally
             ,
             what
             confusion
             they
             might
             breed
             in
             so
             noble
             and
             spatious
             a
             Citie
             ,
             (
             the
             seat
             of
             the
             Kings
             of
             Spain
             )
             and
             what
             judgments
             and
             censures
             might
             there-hence
             take
             their
             rise
             ,
             and
             fill
             the
             malicious
             heads
             of
             the
             Common
             people
             ;
             not
             knowing
             well
             which
             hand
             they
             had
             best
             to
             use
             ,
             they
             resolved
             to
             plaie
             with
             both
             ,
             and
             sent
             again
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             Governor
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Junta
             also
             ,
             their
             Embassadors
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Vaçan
            
             ,
             and
             the
             others
             before
             mentioned
             ,
             with
             certain
             Articles
             which
             they
             thought
             were
             convenient
             for
             the
             pacification
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             The
             Cardinal
             with
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             gave
             them
             a
             fair
             reception
             ,
             and
             a
             satisfactorie
             answer
             :
             Those
             of
             the
             Junta
             did
             no
             less
             ,
             desiring
             to
             make
             them
             of
             their
             pack
             ,
             and
             moreover
             ,
             they
             wrote
             a
             Letter
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             with
             some
             expressions
             of
             zeal
             and
             affection
             mingled
             with
             reprehensions
             for
             their
             luke-warmness
             and
             indifferencie
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XVI
             .
          
           
             ON
             Sundaie
             the
             eleventh
             of
             October
             ,
             one
             
               Al●nso
               de
               Vera
            
             got
             up
             into
             the
             Pulpit
             of
             the
             Cathedral
             Church
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             read
             to
             the
             people
             two
             Letters
             ,
             one
             from
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             wherein
             they
             desired
             ,
             that
             Valladolid
             would
             assist
             and
             stand
             to
             them
             ,
             as
             they
             had
             promissed
             ,
             and
             fulfil
             what
             they
             had
             commanded
             them
             .
             The
             other
             was
             from
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             in
             which
             hee
             offered
             them
             his
             service
             ,
             desiring
             that
             as
             hee
             had
             alwaies
             shewed
             a
             particular
             affection
             to
             that
             Citie
             ,
             and
             been
             tender
             of
             their
             welfare
             ,
             they
             would
             receiv
             him
             ,
             in
             regard
             hee
             was
             Captain
             General
             of
             the
             Junta's
             forces
             ,
             and
             desired
             nothing
             but
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ,
             neither
             would
             hee
             act
             any
             thing
             but
             with
             the
             good
             liking
             and
             consent
             of
             Valladolid
             .
             The
             people
             were
             exceedingly
             
             taken
             with
             these
             Letters
             ,
             and
             said
             ,
             they
             would
             do
             whatsoever
             therein
             was
             required
             ,
             and
             that
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             should
             bee
             welcom
             into
             the
             Citie
             ;
             And
             the
             next
             daie
             hee
             made
             his
             entrie
             ,
             all
             the
             people
             of
             Valladolid
             going
             forth
             to
             receiv
             him
             with
             great
             applause
             .
             This
             War
             beeing
             betwixt
             kindred
             ,
             friends
             ,
             and
             Countrie
             men
             ,
             there
             was
             as
             much
             diligence
             used
             to
             gain
             places
             ,
             and
             good
             wills
             ,
             by
             Letters
             ,
             as
             by
             force
             of
             Arms.
             The
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             and
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             of
             Castilla
             were
             in
             a
             manner
             Natives
             and
             Citizens
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             their
             families
             from
             many
             generations
             ,
             having
             had
             their
             principal
             mansions
             there
             ,
             and
             the
             Citie
             bare
             them
             great
             respect
             ,
             as
             they
             had
             reason
             .
             These
             Noble-men
             shewing
             their
             affection
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             as
             their
             Native
             soil
             ,
             and
             seeing
             it
             so
             far
             plunged
             in
             these
             distractions
             ,
             either
             out
             of
             hope
             to
             reduce
             it
             by
             fair
             means
             ,
             or
             meerly
             out
             of
             their
             love
             and
             desire
             of
             its
             good
             and
             preservation
             ,
             they
             both
             endeavored
             by
             Letters
             to
             make
             them
             sensible
             of
             their
             errors
             .
             The
             Lord
             Admiral
             chiefly
             desired
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             let
             him
             com
             into
             their
             Citie
             ,
             promising
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             bee
             as
             vigilant
             and
             careful
             of
             their
             general
             good
             ,
             as
             of
             any
             particular
             persons
             ▪
             That
             hee
             would
             imploy
             in
             their
             defens
             his
             own
             life
             ,
             and
             fortune
             :
             If
             that
             could
             not
             bee
             granted
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             send
             any
             three
             ,
             whom
             they
             thought
             fittest
             ,
             to
             meet
             and
             confer
             with
             him
             ,
             two
             or
             three
             leagues
             thence
             ,
             where
             they
             pleased
             .
             But
             Valladolid
             would
             accept
             of
             none
             of
             these
             conditions
             ,
             alledging
             that
             such
             enter-views
             would
             bee
             ill
             taken
             ,
             and
             that
             people
             would
             bee
             apt
             thereupon
             to
             saie
             ,
             Burgos
             having
             Articled
             and
             agreed
             with
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             that
             Valladolid
             would
             do
             the
             lik●
             .
             So
             they
             returned
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             no
             other
             Answer
             ,
             then
             that
             for
             the
             present
             they
             could
             not
             condescend
             to
             any
             of
             those
             things
             which
             his
             Lordship
             desired
             .
             To
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente's
             Letter
             they
             briefly
             thus
             replied
             ,
             That
             since
             his
             Lordship
             was
             so
             Noble
             ,
             as
             to
             offer
             them
             his
             own
             person
             ,
             and
             men
             ,
             they
             desired
             that
             hee
             would
             keep
             his
             promise
             ,
             in
             letting
             them
             have
             the
             said
             men
             to
             send
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             in
             the
             Iunta's
             service
             ,
             and
             upon
             that
             condition
             ,
             they
             should
             carrie
             the
             Colours
             and
             Arms
             of
             Valladolid
             .
             These
             
             Letters
             were
             dispatched
             in
             the
             name
             of
             the
             Citie
             by
             the
             Prior
             of
             the
             great
             Church
             ,
             who
             was
             a
             grand
             Commoner
             .
             These
             answers
             beeing
             sent
             to
             the
             two
             Noble-men
             ,
             the
             Citie
             gave
             order
             for
             the
             raising
             of
             more
             men
             to
             send
             to
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             becaus
             there
             were
             many
             wanting
             of
             the
             thousand
             which
             they
             had
             sent
             .
             Moreover
             ,
             Command
             was
             given
             for
             the
             gathering
             of
             one
             hundred
             Duckets
             out
             of
             every
             Ward
             ,
             which
             amounted
             to
             one
             thousand
             four
             hundred
             Duckets
             .
             Which
             was
             forthwith
             done
             ,
             and
             the
             thousand
             men
             compleated
             .
             After
             this
             they
             caused
             a
             Proclamation
             to
             bee
             made
             throughout
             the
             Citie
             ,
             commanding
             all
             and
             everie
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             to
             appear
             under
             pain
             of
             beeing
             accused
             for
             Malignants
             ,
             or
             Ill-affected
             to
             the
             Iunta
             .
             Who
             beeing
             all
             assembled
             ,
             they
             made
             them
             swear
             by
             the
             Holie
             Evangelists
             ,
             and
             upon
             the
             Cross
             
               in
               forma
               ,
               that
            
             under
             pain
             of
             beeing
             infamous
             perjurers
             and
             faith-breakers
             ,
             they
             should
             bee
             readie
             to
             serv
             ,
             favor
             ,
             and
             assist
             in
             whatsoever
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             should
             do
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             the
             service
             of
             God
             ,
             
             the
             King
             ,
             Queen
             ,
             and
             Commonaltie
             of
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             ;
             and
             that
             they
             should
             not
             do
             ,
             or
             saie
             ,
             directly
             or
             indirectly
             ,
             any
             thing
             to
             the
             contrarie
             ,
             or
             suffer
             anie
             thing
             to
             bee
             said
             or
             done
             by
             their
             children
             ,
             servants
             ,
             or
             housholds
             .
             And
             if
             they
             should
             know
             or
             hear
             any
             thing
             said
             or
             done
             to
             the
             contrarie
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             forthwith
             inform
             the
             Assemblie
             of
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             thereof
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             the
             offenders
             might
             receiv
             condigne
             punishment
             ;
             The
             Oath
             beeing
             thus
             pronounced
             ,
             they
             all
             cried
             with
             one
             voice
             ,
             This
             wee
             swear
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XVII
             .
          
           
             I
             Have
             already
             declared
             ,
             how
             the
             Citie
             of
             Segovia
             was
             divided
             by
             several
             factions
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             they
             seemed
             to
             bee
             in
             Civil
             War
             amongst
             themselvs
             .
             The
             Earl
             of
             Chinchon
             defended
             the
             Forts
             .
             Within
             the
             Citie
             there
             were
             several
             houses
             of
             strength
             ,
             wherein
             som
             of
             the
             Roial
             partie
             fortified
             themselvs
             ,
             
             others
             did
             the
             like
             in
             the
             Cathedral
             Church
             .
             The
             Fort
             beeing
             but
             slenderly
             mann'd
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Chinchon
             went
             to
             Burgos
             ,
             to
             desire
             succour
             from
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             who
             sent
             ten
             Musketiers
             ,
             valiant
             and
             resolute
             men
             ,
             with
             order
             to
             get
             into
             the
             Fort
             ,
             ●s
             they
             could
             .
             They
             arrived
             at
             Pedraça
             on
             Fridaie
             morning
             ,
             23
             of
             November
             ,
             where
             they
             took
             abou●
             one
             hundred
             weight
             of
             powder
             ,
             and
             kept
             themselvs
             private
             until
             the
             Evening
             ;
             Night
             beeing
             com
             ,
             they
             marched
             with
             a
             guide
             (
             who
             led
             them
             by-waies
             )
             to
             Parral
             ,
             where
             hee
             left
             them
             ,
             and
             the
             Moon
             beeing
             down
             ,
             they
             went
             into
             the
             Fort
             ,
             without
             any
             one's
             taking
             notice
             of
             them
             ;
             which
             was
             the
             better
             effected
             ,
             becaus
             that
             very
             daie
             those
             of
             Segovia
             had
             assaulted
             the
             Church
             ,
             and
             were
             wearie
             ,
             having
             found
             strong
             resistance
             .
             The
             next
             daie
             ,
             it
             beeing
             noised
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             that
             the
             Fort
             had
             received
             succour
             in
             the
             night
             ,
             they
             were
             much
             scandalized
             ,
             and
             troubled
             at
             it
             ,
             
             thinking
             it
             more
             considerable
             then
             it
             was
             ,
             and
             feared
             that
             they
             were
             sold
             by
             som
             within
             the
             Citie
             .
             Things
             beeing
             in
             the
             condition
             before-mentioned
             ,
             disposed
             for
             an
             absolute
             breach
             ,
             the
             Cities
             of
             the
             League
             prepared
             arms
             and
             men
             with
             all
             expedition
             ;
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             sent
             certain
             instructions
             (
             which
             their
             Captains
             and
             Souldiers
             were
             to
             observ
             )
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             where
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             (
             whom
             they
             all
             looked
             upon
             as
             Captain
             General
             )
             remained
             to
             make
             and
             order
             the
             Armie
             ,
             as
             shall
             bee
             more
             at
             large
             declared
             in
             the
             following
             Book
             .
          
        
         
           Finis
           Libri
           Quarti
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           THE
           CIVIL
           WARS
           OF
           SPAIN
           .
           THE
           FIFTH
           BOOK
           .
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             I.
             
          
           
             THe
             Passions
             of
             the
             people
             in
             Castilla
             grew
             to
             such
             mortal
             animosities
             ,
             that
             pens
             and
             tongues
             beeing
             wearied
             ,
             they
             fell
             to
             preparing
             arms
             and
             munition
             of
             war
             :
             as
             when
             an
             Impostume
             fester's
             ,
             no
             cure
             can
             bee
             exspected
             ,
             but
             by
             the
             applying
             of
             hot
             burning
             Iron
             .
             Those
             Gentlemen
             who
             were
             the
             chief
             sticklers
             for
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             beeing
             lanch'd
             forth
             into
             the
             deepest
             of
             the
             sea
             of
             passion
             ,
             knowing
             how
             ill
             a
             name
             they
             had
             acquired
             (
             which
             exceedingly
             offended
             their
             
             presumption
             ,
             )
             were
             already
             grown
             so
             desperate
             ,
             that
             they
             cared
             not
             to
             lose
             their
             Countries
             ,
             Estates
             ,
             Wives
             ,
             Children
             ,
             or
             their
             own
             Lives
             ,
             desiring
             to
             hazard
             all
             in
             the
             Lotterie
             of
             Arms
             ,
             and
             make
             or
             destroie
             their
             fortunes
             in
             one
             Battle
             ;
             wherein
             ,
             if
             their
             designs
             had
             been
             crowned
             with
             success
             ,
             doubtless
             ,
             they
             would
             have
             changed
             their
             styles
             ,
             and
             beeing
             victorious
             ,
             remained
             with
             the
             glorious
             attribute
             of
             Redeemers
             and
             Defenders
             of
             their
             Countrie
             :
             for
             humane
             judgments
             determine
             by
             the
             Event
             ,
             not
             by
             the
             middle
             or
             beginning
             of
             any
             Enterprise
             .
             Though
             it
             hath
             been
             the
             ordinarie
             defect
             of
             other
             Commonalties
             to
             have
             but
             slender
             forces
             ,
             this
             was
             so
             powerful
             ,
             
             that
             had
             there
             been
             the
             least
             good
             Conduct
             ●mongst
             them
             ,
             and
             som
             experienced
             Captains
             ,
             
               Don
               Carlos
            
             hardly
             ever
             would
             have
             recovered
             the
             Crown
             of
             Spain
             .
             The
             Common
             people
             were
             to
             blame
             ,
             and
             the
             Gentrie
             not
             to
             bee
             excused
             ,
             for
             opposing
             and
             rising
             against
             their
             Sovereign's
             Ministers
             ;
             yet
             wee
             must
             of
             necessitie
             confess
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             valiant
             .
             That
             there
             were
             divers
             exorbitancies
             ,
             outrages
             ,
             and
             insolencies
             committed
             ,
             What
             wonder
             is
             it
             amongst
             the
             respectless
             and
             libertine
             People
             ?
             and
             that
             the
             Gentlemen
             depended
             more
             upon
             them
             ,
             then
             they
             upon
             the
             Nobles
             ,
             who
             assisted
             them
             .
             If
             wee
             see
             an
             Armie
             well
             disciplined
             ,
             the
             Souldiers
             subject
             and
             obedient
             to
             their
             Captains
             ,
             shall
             wee
             saie
             absolutely
             all
             those
             in
             that
             Armie
             are
             Traitors
             ?
             for
             my
             part
             I
             would
             not
             ;
             neither
             is
             it
             any
             such
             great
             marvel
             that
             children
             rise
             up
             against
             their
             own
             fathers
             ;
             
             for
             if
             wee
             look
             back
             to
             som
             passages
             of
             our
             Countrie
             of
             Spain
             ,
             what
             shall
             wee
             see
             ,
             but
             the
             like
             unnatural
             actions
             ;
             the
             factions
             of
             Princes
             ,
             the
             sidings
             of
             Grandees
             ,
             and
             private
             Gentlemen
             ,
             who
             were
             so
             audacious
             ,
             as
             to
             rise
             in
             arms
             ,
             against
             their
             lawful
             Kings
             ?
             and
             yet
             they
             are
             not
             so
             spotted
             and
             foul
             as
             som
             would
             make
             those
             of
             the
             latter
             times
             appear
             to
             bee
             .
             I
             do
             not
             saie
             this
             in
             justification
             of
             these
             Commonalties
             ,
             but
             onely
             to
             excuse
             ,
             in
             what
             I
             may
             ,
             my
             own
             Nation
             ,
             and
             the
             Gentrie
             thereof
             .
             But
             to
             return
             to
             the
             purpose
             :
             Nothing
             was
             left
             unattempted
             on
             either
             side
             ,
             that
             might
             conduce
             to
             the
             increasing
             or
             securitie
             of
             their
             Partie
             .
             You
             have
             seen
             in
             the
             
             precedent
             Book
             ,
             that
             the
             Iunta
             sent
             their
             Instructions
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             where
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             and
             other
             Captains
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             were
             assembled
             .
             The
             time
             beeing
             com
             (
             although
             the
             season
             was
             very
             sharp
             and
             unfit
             for
             an
             Armie
             to
             keep
             the
             field
             ,
             beeing
             almost
             in
             the
             depth
             of
             Winter
             )
             they
             all
             put
             themselvs
             in
             a
             readiness
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             name
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             they
             wrote
             fresh
             Letters
             to
             the
             Cities
             and
             Towns
             of
             their
             Combination
             ,
             to
             send
             immediately
             all
             the
             forces
             they
             could
             possibly
             rais
             ;
             which
             they
             did
             .
             Those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             according
             to
             agreement
             ,
             Voted
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             Captain
             General
             of
             their
             Forces
             ,
             and
             sent
             him
             a
             Commission
             from
             the
             Queen
             ,
             and
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             Thinking
             that
             hee
             beeing
             a
             person
             of
             so
             noble
             extraction
             ,
             and
             allied
             to
             so
             many
             Grandees
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             would
             gain
             a
             great
             reputation
             to
             their
             Partie
             ;
             And
             most
             men
             were
             of
             opinion
             ,
             that
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             accepted
             thereof
             ,
             and
             wedded
             the
             Interest
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             meerly
             for
             his
             own
             ends
             ,
             and
             that
             by
             means
             of
             these
             troubles
             and
             commotions
             ,
             hee
             might
             get
             possession
             of
             the
             Dukedom
             of
             
               M●dina
               Sidonia
            
             ,
             which
             (
             as
             hath
             been
             already
             said
             )
             hee
             pretended
             was
             his
             right
             .
             This
             Election
             did
             not
             digest
             well
             in
             Padilla's
             stomach
             ,
             who
             ,
             till
             then
             ,
             had
             executed
             the
             office
             of
             Captain
             General
             ,
             and
             presumed
             it
             should
             bee
             confirmed
             upon
             him
             ,
             and
             for
             his
             sake
             ,
             neither
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             nor
             of
             Madrid
             ,
             would
             give
             their
             Votes
             for
             
               Don
               Pedro.
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             beeing
             informed
             of
             all
             these
             passages
             ,
             before
             that
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             came
             to
             take
             his
             staff
             ,
             pretending
             I
             know
             not
             what
             occasion
             ,
             rode
             poste
             to
             Toledo
             ;
             and
             his
             men
             ,
             seeing
             their
             Captain
             gone
             ,
             would
             staie
             no
             longer
             in
             the
             Armie
             ,
             but
             the
             next
             daie
             took
             the
             same
             waie
             after
             him
             .
             Notwithstanding
             all
             this
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             accepted
             the
             Charge
             ,
             and
             came
             to
             Tordesillas
             with
             fourscore
             Lances
             of
             his
             own
             ,
             appointed
             a
             Randevous
             for
             his
             Armie
             ,
             wherein
             hee
             was
             much
             assisted
             by
             the
             industrie
             and
             diligence
             of
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             who
             brought
             to
             the
             service
             of
             the
             Iunta
             near
             five
             hundred
             men
             with
             arms
             ,
             of
             the
             antient
             Guards
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             (
             for
             the
             rest
             were
             gone
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             )
             hee
             brought
             
             moreover
             ,
             seventie
             Lances
             of
             his
             own
             ,
             and
             almost
             a
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             four
             hundred
             whereof
             were
             Priests
             of
             his
             own
             Bishoprick
             ,
             besides
             the
             people
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             whom
             hee
             had
             at
             his
             devotion
             ;
             for
             by
             favor
             of
             the
             Junta
             ,
             hee
             had
             driven
             the
             Earl
             of
             Alva
             out
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             and
             made
             himself
             Master
             thereof
             .
             Every
             daie
             came
             fresh
             supplies
             from
             the
             other
             Cities
             ,
             both
             of
             Hors
             and
             Foot
             ,
             all
             well
             armed
             ,
             and
             with
             them
             som
             Gentlemen
             and
             Commanders
             .
             From
             Salamanca
             came
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Maldonado
            
             ,
             with
             about
             a
             thousand
             Foot
             :
             Other
             Cities
             appointed
             those
             who
             were
             their
             Commissioners
             in
             the
             Junta
             to
             bee
             their
             Captains
             ;
             As
             Leon
             chose
             
               Gonsalo
               de
               Guzman
            
             ,
             son
             to
             
               Ramiro
               Nun̄ez
            
             ;
             and
             the
             Citie
             of
             
               Toro
               ,
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Ulloa
               ,
            
             who
             were
             their
             Commissioners
             ;
             and
             so
             likewise
             did
             other
             places
             .
             Thus
             those
             of
             the
             Junta
             grew
             from
             daie
             to
             daie
             more
             powerful
             ,
             beeing
             resolved
             to
             end
             the
             business
             by
             force
             of
             Arms.
             Their
             mouths
             were
             all
             filled
             with
             reproachful
             and
             threatning
             language
             ,
             especially
             the
             Common-people's
             ,
             who
             called
             the
             Grandees
             and
             Gentrie
             of
             the
             Countrie
             ,
             Traitors
             &
             enemies
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             saying
             ,
             they
             had
             destroied
             &
             taken
             away
             their
             estates
             ;
             (
             which
             availed
             them
             nothing
             )
             but
             who
             can
             restrein
             a
             multitude
             ?
             Amongst
             other
             impertinencies
             ,
             they
             said
             ,
             That
             the
             Queen
             should
             do
             well
             to
             marrie
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Calabria
               ,
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Aragon
               ,
            
             son
             to
             Frederick
             last
             K.
             of
             Naples
             ,
             who
             ,
             since
             the
             time
             of
             the
             Catholick
             King
             ,
             had
             been
             kept
             prisoner
             in
             Xativa
             ,
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Valencia
             ;
             I
             believ
             this
             was
             onely
             put
             upon
             those
             of
             the
             Junta
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             neither
             did
             ,
             nor
             thought
             any
             such
             thing
             .
             But
             the
             truth
             is
             ,
             their
             passion
             was
             grown
             to
             such
             an
             height
             ,
             that
             they
             never
             so
             much
             as
             named
             the
             Emperor
             in
             their
             Proclamations
             ,
             though
             they
             had
             sworn
             Allegiance
             to
             him
             ,
             as
             their
             King
             ,
             but
             all
             passed
             in
             the
             names
             of
             the
             Queen
             and
             Kingdom
             :
             Insomuch
             that
             the
             hatred
             and
             enmitie
             betwixt
             the
             two
             parties
             became
             implacable
             ,
             and
             both
             made
             all
             preparations
             possible
             for
             a
             war.
             In
             short
             time
             those
             of
             the
             Junta
             had
             put
             their
             forces
             in
             a
             readiness
             ,
             and
             equipage
             to
             march
             unto
             the
             field
             ,
             as
             was
             determined
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             II.
             
          
           
             'MOngst
             these
             occurrences
             arrived
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             at
             
               Medina
               de
               Rioseco
            
             ,
             where
             hee
             was
             met
             and
             received
             by
             all
             the
             Noble-men
             and
             Gentle-men
             ,
             (
             who
             were
             com
             thither
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             )
             with
             their
             Souldiers
             all
             armed
             ,
             and
             drawn
             up
             in
             Battle-Array
             .
             Hee
             expressed
             much
             gladness
             to
             see
             so
             many
             gallant
             men
             ,
             and
             persons
             of
             such
             eminent
             qualitie
             :
             Y●t
             hee
             had
             no
             intention
             ,
             to
             wade
             through
             blood
             to
             the
             accomplishment
             of
             his
             desires
             ,
             but
             rather
             by
             fair
             means
             ,
             if
             possible
             ,
             to
             settle
             the
             disturbed
             State
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ;
             which
             to
             effect
             ,
             hee
             left
             no
             stone
             unturn'd
             ,
             and
             at
             last
             hee
             obtained
             ,
             that
             three
             or
             four
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Iunta
             should
             give
             him
             a
             meeting
             at
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             where
             they
             consumed
             five
             or
             six
             daies
             in
             treating
             ,
             but
             all
             his
             reasons
             ,
             persuasions
             ,
             and
             fair
             promisses
             could
             bring
             them
             to
             no
             reason
             :
             Before
             they
             would
             harken
             to
             any
             proposition
             of
             his
             ,
             they
             demanded
             that
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             should
             renounce
             ,
             and
             leav
             off
             the
             exercise
             of
             Vice-Roy
             and
             Governor
             ,
             which
             hee
             had
             begun
             to
             execute
             ;
             And
             whilest
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             was
             thus
             treating
             with
             them
             ,
             the
             Iunta
             commanded
             a
             Proclamation
             to
             bee
             made
             against
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             and
             the
             Earl
             of
             
               Alva
               de
               Lista
            
             ,
             as
             is
             before
             mentioned
             ,
             and
             other
             Noble-men
             :
             And
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             with
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             had
             orders
             to
             draw
             their
             Armie
             into
             the
             field
             ,
             which
             was
             seaventeen
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             besides
             good
             store
             of
             hors
             ,
             and
             much
             Artillerie
             ,
             which
             had
             been
             brought
             from
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             .
             Whereupon
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             despairing
             of
             any
             Peace
             ,
             protested
             against
             them
             ,
             and
             returned
             to
             Rioseco
             ,
             beeing
             resolved
             to
             accept
             the
             Government
             joyntly
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             in
             regard
             those
             fair
             conditions
             of
             agreement
             ,
             which
             hee
             offred
             ,
             were
             slighted
             and
             rejected
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             Captain-General
             for
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             and
             the
             Bishop
             of
             
             Zamora●
             with
             his
             Souldiers
             and
             band
             of
             Priests
             ,
             marched
             out
             the
             2●th
             daie
             of
             November
             1520
             ,
             and
             quartered
             their
             Armie
             that
             night
             in
             
               Villabraxima
               ,
               Tordehumos
               ,
               Villagarzia
            
             ,
             and
             other
             places
             about
             Rioseco
             ,
             with
             intent
             to
             starve
             or
             drive
             the
             Cavaliers
             thence
             .
             And
             indeed
             ,
             if
             the
             Commoners
             had
             been
             men
             at
             that
             time
             ,
             they
             might
             have
             done
             it
             .
             From
             their
             head-quarters
             at
             Villabraxima
             ,
             they
             wrote
             to
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             giving
             them
             an
             account
             of
             their
             advance
             ,
             and
             that
             ,
             before
             they
             fell
             upon
             Rioseco
             ,
             they
             would
             send
             a
             King
             at
             Arms
             to
             require
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Town
             of
             Rioseco
             ,
             to
             cast
             out
             those
             thievs
             ,
             and
             destroyers
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             (
             as
             they
             called
             the
             Cavaliers
             )
             ;
             if
             not
             that
             they
             would
             use
             means
             to
             take
             them
             ,
             and
             hinder
             the
             Cardinal's
             Government
             ,
             it
             beeing
             a
             thing
             contrarie
             to
             the
             Laws
             ,
             and
             Rights
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             III.
             
          
           
             AFter
             this
             ,
             the
             Armie
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             by
             waie
             of
             justification
             ,
             sent
             their
             Heralds
             ,
             or
             King
             's
             at
             Arms
             ,
             to
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             with
             the
             other
             Noble-men
             ,
             and
             Gentlemen
             ,
             then
             beeing
             in
             Rioseco
             ,
             requiring
             them
             not
             onely
             to
             leav
             that
             place
             ,
             but
             to
             go
             out
             of
             the
             Countrie
             ,
             and
             desiring
             those
             of
             the
             said
             Town
             ,
             to
             confirm
             themselvs
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             in
             favor
             of
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             but
             this
             message
             was
             so
             ill
             resented
             ,
             that
             the
             Heralds
             found
             but
             sorrie
             entertainment
             ,
             being
             apprehended
             and
             disarmed
             by
             order
             from
             the
             Earls
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             and
             of
             
               Alva
               de
               Lista
            
             ;
             which
             beeing
             known
             by
             the
             Iunta's
             forces
             ,
             they
             presently
             advanced
             towards
             Rioseco
             ,
             The
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             marched
             in
             the
             Van
             with
             five
             thousand
             men
             ,
             fully
             resolved
             to
             do
             all
             the
             mischief
             hee
             could
             to
             the
             Cavaliers
             .
             Hee
             was
             no
             sooner
             com
             to
             Villabraxima
             ,
             but
             the
             two
             hundred
             lances
             ,
             which
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Astorga
             had
             placed
             there
             ,
             took
             their
             heels
             ,
             flying
             with
             such
             disorder
             and
             haste
             ,
             that
             some
             of
             them
             lost
             their
             Arms
             before
             they
             could
             reach
             Rioseco
             ,
             and
             left
             
             the
             Place
             cleer
             for
             the
             Bishop
             ,
             who
             entering
             ,
             said
             ,
             
               Let
               the
               King
               and
               Commonaltie
               live
               ,
               and
               evil
               Counsel
               perish
               .
            
             The
             two
             hundred
             Lanciers
             disorderly
             flight
             to
             Medina
             ,
             alarmed
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             who
             having
             put
             their
             Armie
             in
             good
             order
             ,
             marched
             into
             the
             field
             ,
             with
             intent
             to
             rout
             the
             Bishop
             with
             his
             five
             thousand
             men
             ,
             but
             hee
             valued
             them
             not
             ,
             though
             they
             were
             numerous
             ,
             and
             men
             of
             eminent
             qualities
             ,
             for
             hee
             knew
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             was
             so
             neer
             with
             the
             Rere-guard
             ,
             and
             so
             Vigilant
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             bee
             readie
             to
             back
             and
             assist
             him
             ,
             if
             occasion
             should
             require
             it
             .
             Thus
             the
             two
             Armies
             faced
             one
             another
             ,
             each
             watching
             an
             opportunitie
             to
             get
             the
             advantage
             of
             their
             enemies
             ,
             and
             so
             they
             remained
             both
             drawn
             up
             in
             Batalia
             one
             whole
             daie
             ,
             after
             which
             ,
             the
             Cavaliers
             retreated
             to
             Tordehumos
             ,
             and
             the
             Iunta's
             Armie
             to
             Villabraxima
             ,
             both
             neer
             Rioseco
             .
             The
             four
             hundred
             Priests
             ,
             which
             had
             left
             their
             Altars
             ,
             in
             Imitation
             of
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             to
             sacrifice
             their
             bloods
             in
             this
             Holie
             enterprise
             ,
             remained
             at
             Tordesillas
             ,
             for
             the
             guard
             of
             the
             Town
             and
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             who
             out
             of
             respect
             to
             their
             Sacerdotal
             Dignities
             ,
             would
             not
             permit
             them
             to
             march
             amongst
             the
             rabble
             of
             the
             Common
             Souldiers
             .
             Besides
             these
             Priests
             ,
             remained
             two
             other
             Companies
             of
             Foot
             at
             Tordesillas
             ,
             and
             some
             hors
             commanded
             by
             
               Hernando
               de
               Porras
            
             ,
             Commissioner
             of
             
               Zamora
               ,
               Gomez
               de
               Avila
            
             ,
             and
             others
             .
             Three
             whole
             daies
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             kept
             his
             Armie
             in
             order
             ,
             offering
             to
             give
             the
             Cavaliers
             Battle
             ,
             but
             they
             would
             not
             ;
             and
             indeed
             it
             had
             been
             madness
             for
             them
             to
             ingage
             ,
             beeing
             far
             inferior
             in
             num
             ber
             ,
             
             and
             not
             so
             well
             armed
             ,
             although
             they
             were
             better
             men
             ,
             and
             of
             higher
             courages
             then
             the
             Common
             People
             ,
             yet
             they
             thought
             it
             their
             securest
             waie
             to
             exspect
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro's
             coming
             ,
             (
             their
             Captain-General
             )
             who
             was
             reported
             to
             bee
             upon
             his
             march
             thither
             ;
             and
             besides
             they
             were
             in
             hopes
             t●
             obtain
             the
             Victorie
             by
             some
             other
             means
             ,
             without
             any
             loss
             of
             blood
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             having
             some
             overtures
             thereof
             by
             private
             intelligence
             ,
             and
             dealing
             with
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             and
             som
             other
             Gentlemen
             ,
             who
             sided
             with
             the
             Cōmoners
             ,
             whom
             if
             hee
             could
             handsomly
             have
             taken
             off
             ,
             it
             would
             have
             been
             no
             
             hard
             matter
             to
             have
             routed
             the
             Vulgar
             Pack
             of
             Tailors
             ,
             Shoomakers
             ,
             Skinners
             ,
             Curriers
             ,
             &
             such
             like
             ;
             whereof
             the
             rest
             of
             their
             Armi●
             was
             compos'd
             .
             But
             the
             Cōmoners
             perceiving
             themselvs
             much
             the
             stronger
             Partie
             ,
             infested
             the
             Cavaliers
             with
             such
             skirmishes
             and
             hot
             alarms
             both
             night
             &
             daie
             ,
             that
             they
             could
             take
             no
             rest
             all
             the
             while
             they
             staied
             at
             Tordehumos
             ;
             And
             hearing
             that
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             was
             exspected
             with
             more
             forces
             ,
             they
             determined
             to
             force
             them
             to
             fight
             before
             his
             arrival
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             ,
             to
             gain
             the
             reputation
             of
             proffering
             them
             Battle
             .
             To
             this
             effect
             ,
             having
             m●de
             a
             general
             muster
             ,
             they
             marched
             with
             all
             their
             Artillerie
             in
             very
             good
             order
             towards
             
               Rioseco
               .
               Sanabria
            
             ,
             Commissioner
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             rid
             before
             with
             30
             Light
             Hors
             ,
             to
             discover
             the
             field
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
               de
               la
               Vega
            
             led
             the
             Vantguard
             of
             Cuirassiers
             ,
             
               Don
               Pe●ro
               Maldonado
            
             and
             
               Francisco
               Maldonado
            
             commanded
             the
             Light
             Horsmen
             .
             The
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             was
             Captain
             of
             the
             Vantguard
             of
             Foot
             ;
             with
             him
             marched
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Mendoça
            
             ,
             Captain
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             son
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Goncalez
               de
               Mendoça
               ,
               Don
               Gonzalo
               de
               Guzman
               ,
            
             Captain
             of
             
               Leon
               ,
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Ulloa
               ,
            
             Captain
             of
             Toro
             ,
             and
             others
             .
             In
             the
             bodie
             marched
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             called
             ,
             Duke
             of
             
               Medina
               Sidonia
            
             ,
             with
             him
             divers
             other
             Captains
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Figueroa
            
             ,
             brother
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             Arcos
             ,
             who
             came
             that
             same
             daie
             to
             the
             Armie
             from
             Sevilla
             ,
             besides
             other
             Commanders
             .
             The
             Rear-guard
             and
             the
             Artillerie
             was
             committed
             to
             the
             charge
             of
             other
             officers
             .
             Beeing
             arrived
             within
             Culverine-shot
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             they
             made
             an
             Halt
             ,
             commanding
             their
             Heralds
             ,
             in
             mean
             time
             ,
             to
             approach
             so
             near
             unto
             the
             walls
             ,
             that
             they
             might
             bee
             heard
             ,
             and
             declare
             unto
             the
             Admiral
             and
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             with
             the
             other
             Grandees
             and
             Gentlemen
             in
             Medina
             ,
             that
             the
             Armie
             of
             their
             Sovereign
             Ladie
             ,
             the
             Queen
             ,
             was
             com
             thither
             ,
             to
             execute
             upon
             them
             ,
             by
             her
             command
             ,
             those
             penalties
             which
             they
             had
             incurred
             by
             governing
             the
             Kingdom
             without
             her
             orde●
             or
             consent
             ,
             and
             for
             raising
             and
             arming
             men
             in
             contempt
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             disservice
             of
             her
             Majestie
             ;
             and
             therefore
             they
             did
             offer
             them
             Battle
             ,
             and
             did
             exspect
             their
             coming
             into
             the
             field
             .
             Having
             sent
             this
             message
             to
             the
             Town
             ,
             they
             remained
             in
             the
             same
             order
             
             almost
             until
             Sun-set
             .
             But
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             although
             they
             were
             in
             Arms
             ,
             made
             no
             shew
             at
             all
             of
             Battel
             or
             skirmish
             ,
             but
             persevering
             in
             their
             former
             resolution
             ,
             let
             them
             stand
             cooling
             their
             heels
             there
             .
             At
             last
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             having
             commanded
             som
             of
             his
             Cannon
             to
             bee
             discharged
             against
             the
             Town
             ,
             (
             but
             the
             bullets
             never
             reach't
             the
             Walls
             )
             returned
             with
             his
             Armie
             into
             his
             Quarters
             ,
             losing
             and
             neglecting
             that
             occasion
             ,
             which
             proved
             very
             prejudicial
             to
             his
             Partie
             .
             Hee
             was
             no
             sooner
             gone
             ,
             but
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             arrived
             with
             his
             men
             ,
             who
             had
             marched
             as
             fast
             as
             possibly
             they
             could
             ,
             thinking
             to
             have
             com
             time
             enough
             to
             meet
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             for
             the
             Earl
             had
             intelligence
             of
             his
             defying
             the
             Cavaliers
             in
             Medina
             ,
             though
             hee
             had
             no
             great
             stomach
             to
             fight
             with
             them
             .
             All
             the
             Nobles
             and
             Gentlemen
             ,
             with
             their
             Souldiers
             ,
             marched
             forth
             to
             receiv
             their
             Captain
             General
             with
             great
             solemnitie
             ,
             and
             Militarie
             order
             .
             Hee
             brought
             with
             him
             three
             hundred
             Hors-men
             in
             compleat
             Armor
             ,
             four
             hundred
             Light-hors-men
             ,
             and
             two
             thousand
             five
             hundred
             Foot
             ,
             all
             choice
             men
             ,
             and
             twelv
             or
             thirteen
             field-pieces
             .
             The
             same
             night
             came
             likewise
             to
             
               Rioseco
               ,
               Don
               Francisco
               de
               Zun̄iga
               y
               Avellaneda
               ,
            
             Earl
             of
             
               Miranda
               ,
               Don
               Veltran
               de
               la
               Cueva
               ,
            
             eldest
             son
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Alburquerque
               ,
               Don
               Luys
               de
               la
               Cueva
            
             his
             brother
             ,
             
               Don
               Bernardo
               de
               Sandoval
               y
               Royas
               ,
            
             Marquis
             of
             Denia
             ,
             with
             his
             son
             
               Don
               Luys
               de
               Sandoval
            
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Francisco
               de
               Quin̄ones
            
             ,
             Earl
             of
             Luna
             ,
             with
             all
             the
             servants
             ,
             tenants
             and
             souldiers
             they
             could
             get
             .
             This
             supplie
             encreased
             the
             Cavaliers
             to
             above
             one
             and
             twentie
             hundred
             hors
             ,
             and
             six
             thousand
             foot
             souldiers
             ,
             besides
             a
             good
             companie
             of
             servants
             .
             Insomuch
             that
             hereby
             they
             held
             themselvs
             stronger
             then
             their
             enemies
             ;
             not
             that
             they
             exceeded
             them
             in
             number
             ,
             but
             in
             virtue
             and
             courage
             ,
             besides
             the
             Caus
             which
             they
             mainteined
             was
             more
             just
             ,
             and
             warrantable
             ,
             which
             add's
             much
             confidence
             and
             boldness
             to
             the
             hearts
             of
             men
             ,
             and
             make's
             their
             souls
             insusceptible
             of
             any
             Panick
             fears
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             IV.
             
          
           
             THose
             of
             the
             Iunta
             seeing
             fresh
             forces
             com
             daily
             in
             to
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             endeavored
             to
             prepossess
             themselvs
             of
             all
             the
             Towns
             and
             places
             of
             strength
             ,
             and
             sent
             besides
             ,
             to
             all
             those
             of
             their
             league
             ,
             to
             rais
             ,
             and
             have
             in
             a
             readiness
             ,
             what
             men
             possibly
             they
             could
             ,
             notwithstanding
             they
             were
             already
             much
             stronger
             then
             the
             other
             partie
             .
             Hereupon
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             by
             order
             from
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             was
             publickly
             proclaimed
             ,
             that
             all
             the
             Townsmen
             ,
             from
             eighteen
             to
             threescore
             years
             of
             age
             ,
             should
             bee
             trained
             ,
             and
             bee
             readie
             with
             their
             Arms
             ,
             to
             march
             into
             the
             field
             ,
             upon
             notice
             from
             the
             Captain
             General
             of
             the
             Armie
             .
             The
             President
             ,
             and
             other
             Judges
             of
             the
             Chancerie
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             who
             were
             Persons
             of
             great
             respect
             and
             esteem
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             having
             never
             before
             meddled
             with
             either
             side
             ,
             seeing
             the
             great
             disorder
             amongst
             the
             people
             ,
             and
             fearing
             further
             confusion
             ,
             moved
             with
             a
             good
             zeal
             and
             affection
             to
             their
             Countries
             good
             ,
             came
             with
             all
             expedition
             to
             Rioseco
             ,
             to
             treat
             with
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             other
             Noblemen
             ,
             about
             some
             fair
             accommodation
             ,
             whereby
             the
             Kingdom
             might
             avoid
             the
             imminent
             perdition
             ,
             which
             through
             that
             unnatural
             war
             ,
             in
             all
             probabilitie
             ,
             it
             was
             like
             to
             suffer
             .
             They
             found
             amongst
             the
             Nobles
             very
             courteous
             entertainment
             ,
             and
             expression
             of
             a
             desire
             to
             condescend
             to
             anie
             reasonable
             propositions
             ,
             all
             the
             difficultie
             and
             obstacle
             laie
             in
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta's
             Partie
             ,
             and
             especially
             in
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             .
             From
             Rioseco
             ,
             the
             President
             ,
             with
             the
             other
             Judges
             ,
             went
             to
             Villabraxima
             ,
             where
             the
             Bishop
             ,
             with
             his
             five
             thousand
             men
             ,
             was
             quartered
             .
             The
             President
             beeing
             admitted
             ,
             entreated
             him
             with
             great
             earnestness
             and
             humilitie
             ,
             the
             tears
             standing
             in
             his
             eies
             ,
             to
             consider
             ,
             and
             leav
             off
             in
             time
             the
             evil
             and
             wrong
             cours
             they
             had
             taken
             ,
             
             and
             no●
             to
             give
             waie
             to
             ,
             much
             less
             to
             bee
             the
             occasion
             of
             so
             great
             mischiefs
             ,
             murthers
             ,
             and
             scandals
             ,
             which
             inevitably
             must
             
             fall
             upon
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             if
             they
             continued
             inexorable
             ,
             alleging
             ,
             That
             it
             would
             bee
             much
             more
             advantageous
             for
             their
             Countrie
             's
             good
             (
             which
             they
             so
             much
             pretended
             )
             to
             accept
             of
             an
             honorable
             peace
             ,
             and
             accommodation
             ,
             whereby
             (
             with
             the
             help
             of
             God
             )
             the
             Kingdoms
             might
             bee
             preserved
             from
             the
             present
             ruine
             ,
             and
             restored
             to
             their
             former
             flourishing
             condition
             :
             for
             admit
             the
             Commoner
             meet
             with
             the
             success
             which
             they
             desire
             ,
             vanquish
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             reduce
             his
             Majestie
             to
             such
             streights
             ,
             that
             hee
             will
             bee
             glad
             to
             grant
             them
             more
             immunities
             then
             formerly
             they
             did
             desire
             ,
             yet
             they
             must
             live
             under
             him
             ,
             and
             when
             hee
             find's
             an
             occasion
             ,
             hee
             will
             put
             the
             yoke
             again
             about
             their
             necks
             ,
             and
             load
             them
             with
             taxes
             at
             his
             pleasure
             .
             That
             these
             violent
             uproars
             and
             mutinies
             of
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             in
             disrespect
             or
             disobedience
             to
             their
             Princes
             ,
             were
             fickle
             and
             very
             unsecure
             .
             That
             those
             Gentlemen
             and
             Commanders
             ,
             which
             then
             engaged
             with
             them
             ,
             if
             fortune
             gave
             them
             victorie
             over
             their
             enemies
             ,
             would
             Lord
             it
             over
             them
             no
             less
             insupportably
             ,
             then
             the
             others
             :
             neither
             did
             those
             Gentlemen
             (
             Defendors
             of
             the
             Commonalties
             )
             shew
             any
             great
             discretion
             ,
             setting
             themselvs
             in
             opposition
             to
             all
             the
             Grandees
             and
             Nobles
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             especially
             in
             a
             matter
             of
             so
             much
             prejudice
             and
             disservice
             to
             his
             Majestie
             .
             That
             it
             would
             bee
             an
             act
             of
             greater
             wisdom
             ,
             to
             accept
             of
             any
             fair
             propositions
             of
             agreement
             ,
             to
             remain
             in
             peace
             ,
             with
             a
             due
             respect
             &
             obedience
             to
             their
             Princes
             ,
             whereby
             to
             gain
             their
             loves
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             expose
             themselvs
             to
             the
             various
             &
             uncertain
             Chance
             of
             War.
             
             The
             Bishop
             answered
             ,
             Lord
             President
             !
             Since
             in
             the
             condition
             and
             estate
             our
             business
             now
             stand's
             ,
             we
             have
             moved
             &
             advanced
             hitherto
             ,
             I
             know
             what
             is
             convenientest
             for
             us
             to
             do
             ,
             and
             therefore
             I
             will
             not
             flinch
             nor
             recede
             one
             step
             ,
             but
             rather
             persevere
             in
             my
             enterprise
             ,
             and
             pursue
             to
             destruction
             those
             wicked
             disturbers
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             .
             The
             President
             seeing
             the
             Bishop
             would
             not
             hearken
             to
             what
             hee
             desired
             of
             him
             ,
             hee
             required
             him
             in
             their
             Majestie
             's
             names
             ,
             by
             virtue
             of
             the
             Roial
             Seal
             ,
             which
             hee
             brought
             with
             him
             ,
             not
             to
             stir
             from
             thence
             ,
             until
             hee
             had
             been
             to
             confer
             about
             the
             same
             business
             with
             the
             
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             other
             Noblemen
             ,
             at
             Rioseco
             ;
             but
             the
             Bishop
             gave
             him
             no
             answer
             thereunto
             ,
             neither
             did
             hee
             make
             any
             more
             account
             of
             him
             ,
             then
             if
             hee
             had
             been
             his
             servant
             (
             this
             was
             the
             perfection
             of
             this
             great
             Prelate
             ,
             successor
             of
             the
             Apostles
             )
             .
             So
             the
             President
             &
             the
             Judges
             ,
             leaving
             him
             ,
             went
             to
             Medina
             ,
             where
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             pervers
             Cross-grainedness
             of
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             
             they
             could
             effect
             nothing
             to
             any
             purpose
             ;
             and
             the
             Bishop's
             Conscience
             was
             pricked
             with
             such
             remors
             at
             the
             President
             's
             discours
             ,
             and
             his
             tender
             heart
             so
             moved
             with
             his
             tears
             ,
             that
             hee
             scarce
             had
             turned
             his
             back
             ,
             but
             his
             Reverend
             Lordship
             called
             for
             his
             Armor
             (
             for
             the
             head-piece
             and
             pouldrons
             were
             the
             Pontificial
             robes
             wherein
             hee
             most
             delighted
             )
             :
             And
             having
             commanded
             his
             Artillerie
             to
             bee
             secured
             in
             the
             Rear-guard
             ,
             hee
             marched
             forth
             with
             his
             men
             to
             encounter
             a
             great
             partie
             of
             Foot
             ,
             and
             th●ee
             hundred
             hors
             ,
             which
             hee
             had
             notice
             ,
             was
             advancing
             towards
             his
             quarters
             .
             But
             they
             ,
             having
             intelligence
             that
             the
             Bishop
             was
             com
             forth
             in
             quest
             of
             them
             ,
             with
             a
             stronger
             Partie
             ,
             retreated
             to
             Rioseco
             .
             By
             this
             time
             were
             com
             into
             the
             Armie
             of
             the
             Iunta
             three
             thousand
             souldiers
             more
             from
             the
             Citie
             of
             Leon
             ,
             besides
             great
             numbers
             from
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             other
             places
             ;
             but
             chiefly
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             exspected
             with
             a
             supplie
             from
             Toledo
             and
             Madrid
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             V.
             
          
           
             THose
             of
             the
             Council
             proceeded
             against
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             Cities
             of
             their
             League
             ,
             according
             to
             Law
             ,
             and
             having
             erected
             a
             Scaffold
             ,
             they
             caused
             them
             publickly
             to
             bee
             proclaimed
             Traitors
             and
             Rebels
             to
             the
             Roial
             Crown
             ;
             Whereat
             they
             were
             so
             incensed
             ,
             that
             thenceforwards
             they
             fought
             not
             so
             much
             for
             the
             ●nterest
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             as
             for
             reputation
             ,
             and
             to
             revenge
             particular
             quarrels
             (
             the
             off-spring
             of
             those
             troubles
             and
             dissentions
             )
             or
             for
             ancient
             grudges
             betwixt
             particular
             persons
             or
             places
             .
             The
             Bishop
             swore
             that
             hee
             would
             keep
             the
             field
             with
             his
             men
             onely
             ,
             until
             hee
             were
             either
             dead
             ,
             or
             crowned
             with
             Victorie
             .
             The
             Cavaliers
             were
             as
             resolute
             on
             the
             other
             side
             ;
             insomuch
             that
             although
             the
             President
             of
             the
             Chancerie
             insisted
             for
             peace
             ,
             hee
             prevailed
             nothing
             .
             The
             Cavaliers
             had
             manie
             skirmishes
             with
             
             the
             Bishop's
             men
             .
             At
             last
             hee
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             seeing
             that
             the
             Cavaliers
             would
             not
             com
             out
             to
             give
             them
             battle
             ,
             they
             sent
             a
             Trumpeter
             to
             them
             with
             this
             message
             ,
             
             That
             they
             should
             meet
             them
             in
             the
             field
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             they
             might
             in
             one
             battle
             set
             a
             period
             to
             all
             their
             Contentions
             ,
             which
             caused
             so
             great
             disturbances
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             That
             Winter
             was
             coming
             on
             apace
             ,
             and
             it
             was
             to
             no
             purpose
             to
             stand
             dallying
             in
             that
             manner
             ,
             and
             ruine
             one
             another
             by
             delaies
             .
             That
             if
             they
             refused
             to
             fight
             ,
             they
             would
             go
             to
             their
             Towns
             and
             Lordships
             ,
             and
             having
             plundered
             them
             ,
             burn
             their
             houses
             to
             the
             ground
             :
             But
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             could
             not
             resolv
             to
             put
             all
             to
             so
             great
             a
             venture
             .
             In
             Valladolid
             ,
             besides
             the
             men
             which
             they
             sent
             to
             the
             Armie
             ,
             (
             as
             is
             said
             )
             having
             mustered
             again
             ,
             they
             found
             seven
             thousand
             more
             Cross-bow-men
             ,
             Pike-men
             ,
             and
             Musketiers
             ,
             which
             they
             could
             well
             spare
             ,
             leaving
             moreover
             ,
             enough
             to
             guard
             the
             Citie
             ;
             whereupon
             they
             sent
             to
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             that
             shortly
             they
             should
             receiv
             another
             supplie
             from
             them
             ,
             and
             that
             if
             occasion
             served
             ,
             they
             would
             go
             everie
             man
             in
             person
             with
             their
             general
             Standard
             to
             serv
             them
             ,
             for
             they
             esteemed
             the
             Caus
             which
             they
             defended
             to
             bee
             Just
             and
             Holie
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             VI.
             
          
           
             THe
             Countess
             of
             Modica
             ,
             wife
             to
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             beeing
             a
             very
             virtuous
             and
             devout
             Ladie
             ,
             was
             grieved
             at
             the
             Soul
             to
             see
             these
             disorders
             ,
             and
             miserable
             condition
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             wherein
             so
             many
             innocent
             persons
             suffered
             ,
             and
             desiring
             to
             compose
             the
             sad
             differences
             ,
             shee
             spake
             to
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             her
             husband
             ,
             and
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             earnestly
             desiring
             them
             to
             stop
             the
             current
             of
             those
             miseries
             ,
             which
             would
             proceed
             from
             that
             unnatural
             War.
             The
             good
             Ladie
             prevailed
             so
             much
             ,
             that
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             
               Venavente
               ,
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             (
             who
             called
             himself
             Duke
             of
             Medina
             )
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             and
             shee
             ,
             had
             a
             meeting
             at
             Villabraxima
             ,
             one
             evening
             ;
             And
             having
             ordered
             and
             agreed
             upon
             certain
             Articles
             in
             favor
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             said
             to
             the
             Admiral
             ;
             My
             Lord
             ,
             though
             you
             desire
             to
             keep
             four
             or
             five
             Licenciado's
             in
             your
             Town
             ,
             I
             hope
             
             you
             will
             not
             bring
             our
             estates
             in
             question
             ,
             
             and
             give
             waie
             to
             so
             many
             mur●hers
             ,
             and
             robberies
             ,
             as
             must
             needs
             follow
             ,
             if
             so
             ,
             God
             forbid
             that
             I
             should
             have
             any
             thing
             to
             do
             with
             it
             ,
             but
             to
             favor
             and
             assist
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             and
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             since
             all
             that
             they
             desire
             is
             good
             and
             just
             ,
             and
             I
             so
             acknowledge
             and
             approve
             it
             ,
             and
             from
             this
             time
             forwards
             will
             justifie
             it
             :
             Which
             said
             ,
             hee
             set
             his
             hand
             to
             the
             said
             Articles
             ,
             the
             Countess
             said
             as
             hee
             did
             ;
             And
             the
             Admiral
             taking
             the
             paper
             in
             his
             hands
             ,
             said
             to
             the
             Earl
             ,
             Since
             you
             have
             signed
             this
             first
             ,
             I
             'le
             do
             the
             like
             :
             And
             hee
             having
             subscribed
             ,
             they
             went
             all
             together
             to
             supper
             ,
             very
             well
             contented
             .
             After
             supper
             they
             returned
             to
             Medina
             ,
             and
             presently
             gave
             a
             Command
             ,
             that
             the
             whole
             Town
             should
             declare
             for
             the
             Queen
             ,
             the
             King
             her
             Son
             ,
             and
             the
             Commonaltie
             .
             All
             this
             was
             done
             with
             a
             politick
             art
             and
             cunning
             ,
             to
             make
             the
             Armie
             of
             the
             Commoners
             leav
             Medina
             ;
             For
             if
             it
             had
             continued
             longer
             there
             ,
             it
             would
             have
             very
             much
             streightned
             and
             incommodated
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             the
             Commoners
             beeing
             already
             many
             more
             in
             number
             ,
             and
             receiving
             every
             daie
             fresh
             supplies
             ,
             and
             the
             Cavaliers
             having
             little
             hopes
             of
             increasing
             their
             force
             ,
             by
             reason
             that
             all
             the
             Nobles
             and
             persons
             of
             honor
             in
             the
             Kingdoms
             of
             
               Toledo
               ,
               Andaluzia
            
             ,
             and
             Estremadura
             sat
             still
             ,
             exspecting
             which
             waie
             the
             scale
             would
             turn
             ,
             without
             declaring
             for
             King
             or
             Commonaltie
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             VII
             .
          
           
             UPon
             the
             agreement
             between
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             the
             Armie
             without
             knowing
             any
             reason
             wherefore
             ,
             marched
             from
             Tordehumos
             and
             Villabraxima
             to
             Villalpando
             ,
             where
             ,
             after
             some
             small
             resistance
             ,
             they
             were
             received
             and
             quartered
             peaceably
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             took
             up
             his
             lodging
             ,
             in
             his
             unkle
             ,
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable's
             hous
             .
             All
             were
             of
             opinion
             that
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             juggled
             ,
             and
             plaied
             legerdemain
             in
             this
             business
             ,
             and
             so
             it
             appeared
             by
             his
             dislodging
             his
             Armie
             ,
             and
             leaving
             the
             enemie
             free
             ,
             besides
             having
             nothing
             at
             all
             to
             do
             at
             Villalpando
             .
             And
             indeed
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             might
             well
             bee
             suspected
             herein
             ,
             for
             the
             Grandees
             ,
             who
             were
             his
             neer
             kindred
             ,
             wrought
             much
             upon
             him
             ,
             as
             shall
             bee
             seen
             hereafter
             .
             The
             Cavaliers
             seeing
             
             themselvs
             free
             from
             the
             incumbrance
             of
             that
             powerful
             Armie
             ,
             which
             blocked
             them
             up
             in
             a
             manner
             ,
             and
             finding
             the
             waie
             cleer
             and
             secure
             from
             thence
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             marched
             all
             out
             of
             Rioseco
             ,
             seizing
             on
             all
             Posts
             and
             Travellers
             ,
             that
             might
             give
             notice
             of
             their
             approach
             ,
             making
             as
             if
             they
             had
             a
             design
             upon
             Valladolid
             ,
             but
             with
             as
             much
             speed
             as
             an
             Armie
             could
             advance
             ,
             they
             went
             directly
             to
             Tordesillas
             ;
             Those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             hearing
             of
             their
             coming
             ,
             dispatched
             presently
             a
             Post
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             telling
             them
             ,
             that
             the
             Cavaliers
             were
             marching
             thither
             with
             all
             expedition
             ,
             therefore
             they
             desired
             them
             to
             send
             them
             speedie
             succor
             .
             But
             Valladolid
             having
             sent
             neer
             four
             thousand
             of
             their
             choisest
             men
             already
             to
             the
             Armie
             ,
             and
             hearing
             that
             the
             enemie
             was
             like
             to
             fall
             upon
             them
             ,
             desired
             to
             bee
             excused
             ,
             thinking
             they
             might
             better
             have
             relief
             from
             the
             Armie
             ,
             where
             were
             men
             enough
             .
             But
             they
             beeing
             in
             good
             quarters
             at
             Villalpando
             ,
             were
             not
             over-hastie
             to
             go
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             for
             the
             plot
             was
             so
             well
             laid
             ,
             that
             no
             man
             knew
             the
             certaintie
             of
             the
             design
             ,
             but
             that
             which
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             did
             a
             little
             after
             ,
             confirmed
             the
             suspition
             the
             world
             had
             conceived
             of
             him
             .
             One
             night
             the
             Cavaliers
             stormed
             the
             Town
             ,
             having
             clapt
             a
             Petar
             to
             the
             Gates
             ,
             but
             finding
             strong
             resistance
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             sent
             a
             Trumpet
             ,
             to
             tell
             them
             they
             came
             onely
             to
             kiss
             the
             Queen's
             hands
             ,
             and
             to
             set
             her
             at
             libertie
             ,
             and
             required
             them
             to
             yeild
             ;
             Whereunto
             they
             giving
             no
             satisfactorie
             answer
             ,
             the
             Earl
             resolved
             to
             force
             them
             ,
             and
             encouraged
             his
             Souldiers
             ,
             promising
             them
             the
             pillage
             of
             the
             Town
             .
             But
             what
             by
             the
             natural
             strength
             of
             the
             place
             ,
             what
             through
             the
             courageous
             resistance
             of
             the
             besieged
             ,
             the
             Earl
             lost
             above
             250
             men
             ,
             before
             hee
             could
             make
             any
             breach
             .
             The
             Priests
             ,
             which
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             left
             there
             ,
             behaved
             themselvs
             very
             valorously
             in
             this
             Holie
             caus
             :
             One
             amongst
             the
             rest
             was
             particularly
             observed
             to
             have
             given
             eleven
             men
             their
             Viaticum
             with
             his
             musket
             ,
             from
             behinde
             the
             Battlements
             of
             the
             Wall
             ,
             where
             hee
             thought
             hee
             stood
             secure
             ,
             and
             as
             he
             saw
             occasion
             sent
             his
             Benediction
             amongst
             them
             ,
             which
             seldom
             mist
             his
             man.
             But
             at
             last
             ,
             some
             of
             the
             besiegers
             ,
             with
             an
             unsanctified
             arrow
             ,
             shot
             him
             quite
             through
             the
             head
             ,
             with
             which
             hee
             presently
             fell
             down
             ,
             and
             died
             ,
             not
             having
             the
             time
             to
             saie
             so
             much
             as
             one
             Miserere
             .
             At
             length
             an
             Alferez
             ,
             with
             some
             other
             
             Cavaliers
             ,
             
             having
             forced
             their
             entrie
             at
             a
             smal
             breach
             in
             the
             wall
             ,
             and
             given
             the
             sign
             to
             their
             Camarades
             ,
             the
             whole
             Armie
             gave
             a
             shout
             ,
             and
             with
             sound
             of
             Drums
             and
             Trumpets
             ,
             cried
             all
             out
             ,
             
               Victoria
               ,
               Victoria
            
             ,
             which
             so
             animated
             the
             Besiegers
             ,
             that
             in
             the
             same
             ,
             and
             in
             other
             parts
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             they
             made
             fresh
             assaults
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             the
             Besieged
             were
             no
             longer
             able
             to
             resist
             .
             The
             Cavalier-Souldiers
             ,
             beeing
             thus
             entred
             the
             Town
             ,
             used
             no
             violence
             to
             either
             man
             ,
             woman
             ,
             or
             childe
             ,
             for
             that
             they
             were
             forbidden
             ;
             but
             neither
             Houses
             ,
             Churches
             ,
             nor
             Monasteries
             escaped
             from
             plundering
             :
             So
             that
             no
             man
             had
             so
             much
             as
             a
             bed
             left
             to
             sleep
             upon
             ,
             unless
             the
             Souldiers
             ,
             out
             of
             charitie
             ,
             would
             let
             him
             have
             any
             ;
             which
             punishment
             they
             did
             deserv
             ,
             for
             fighting
             and
             defending
             their
             goods
             no
             better
             ,
             after
             they
             were
             engaged
             ,
             and
             put
             themselvs
             into
             a
             posture
             of
             resistance
             .
             The
             Grandees
             and
             Gentlemen
             ,
             beeing
             entred
             into
             Tordesillas
             ,
             went
             directly
             to
             the
             Palace
             to
             kiss
             the
             Queen's
             hands
             ,
             and
             shew
             her
             their
             due
             respects
             ,
             they
             found
             her
             with
             the
             Infanta
             ,
             her
             daughter
             ,
             
               Don̄a
               Catalina
            
             ,
             in
             her
             own
             chamber
             ,
             whence
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Ayala
            
             ,
             Commissioner
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             had
             persuaded
             her
             to
             withdraw
             during
             the
             fight
             :
             Som
             say
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             ,
             that
             from
             the
             wall
             ,
             shee
             might
             have
             commanded
             the
             besiegers
             not
             to
             storm
             the
             Town
             ;
             others
             think
             ,
             it
             was
             with
             intent
             to
             conveie
             her
             thence
             ,
             and
             carrie
             her
             by
             the
             Bridg-waie
             to
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             ;
             
             But
             this
             escape
             that
             was
             intended
             for
             the
             Queen
             ,
             beeing
             attempted
             just
             upon
             the
             entrie
             of
             the
             enemie
             into
             the
             Town
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Ayala
            
             left
             her
             ,
             and
             fled
             himself
             to
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             .
             Shee
             shewed
             the
             Gentlemen
             that
             came
             to
             kiss
             her
             hands
             very
             gracious
             countenance
             ,
             though
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             her
             infirmitie
             and
             want
             of
             judgment
             ,
             shee
             cared
             little
             how
             things
             went
             ;
             onely
             it
             is
             reported
             ,
             that
             while
             they
             were
             battering
             the
             Town
             ,
             som
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             beeing
             there
             ,
             desired
             that
             shee
             would
             send
             a
             Command
             to
             the
             Besiegers
             to
             desist
             ;
             and
             shee
             answered
             ,
             Open
             you
             the
             gates
             ,
             and
             let
             them
             in
             .
             The
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             staied
             at
             the
             gates
             ,
             to
             see
             his
             Artillerie
             and
             Hors
             let
             in
             until
             midnight
             ;
             which
             done
             ,
             hee
             went
             likewise
             to
             kiss
             her
             Majestie
             's
             hands
             ,
             where
             hee
             found
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Nobles
             ,
             who
             soon
             after
             ,
             taking
             their
             leavs
             ,
             went
             to
             take
             their
             rest
             ;
             but
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             spent
             all
             the
             night
             in
             placing
             his
             Guards
             ,
             and
             taking
             
             order
             for
             securing
             of
             the
             place
             .
             Nine
             or
             ten
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Cities
             were
             taken
             and
             imprisoned
             ;
             the
             rest
             fled
             ,
             som
             to
             Medina
             ,
             others
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             where
             they
             arrived
             so
             mangled
             and
             stript
             ,
             that
             't
             was
             a
             pitie
             to
             see
             them
             .
             The
             Doctor
             Zun̄iga
             of
             Salamanca
             ,
             
             
               Suero
               del
               Aguila
            
             ,
             and
             
               Gomez
               de
               Avila
            
             ,
             Commissioners
             of
             Avila
             ,
             were
             released
             ,
             at
             the
             request
             of
             som
             Grandees
             ,
             who
             engaged
             for
             them
             .
             In
             this
             manner
             was
             taken
             the
             Town
             of
             Tordesillas
             ;
             but
             not
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             nor
             the
             good
             will
             of
             the
             revolted
             Cities
             ,
             whose
             furie
             was
             hereby
             more
             enflamed
             .
             Amongst
             the
             dead
             in
             the
             field
             were
             found
             divers
             dangerously
             wounded
             ,
             and
             som
             Gentlemen
             ,
             as
             
               Don
               Diego
               Osorio
            
             ,
             son
             to
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Astorga
             ,
             who
             was
             shot
             through
             the
             arm
             ,
             
               Don
               Francisco
               de
               la
               Cueva
            
             hurt
             in
             the
             face
             with
             a
             stone
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             wounded
             in
             the
             Arm
             with
             an
             arrow
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Alva
             had
             his
             hors
             killed
             under
             him
             ,
             and
             divers
             Commanders
             ,
             and
             other
             persons
             of
             account
             .
             The
             King's
             Standard
             was
             shot
             and
             tattered
             with
             two
             musket
             bullets
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Cisuentes
             holding
             it
             in
             his
             hand
             .
             However
             ,
             that
             daie's
             work
             was
             of
             exceeding
             great
             importance
             ,
             and
             was
             the
             means
             of
             giving
             a
             glorious
             end
             to
             these
             miserable
             distempers
             ,
             although
             not
             so
             suddenly
             ;
             For
             hereby
             the
             Common
             people
             were
             disabused
             ,
             the
             allegations
             and
             excuses
             ,
             of
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             appearing
             to
             bee
             no
             less
             fals
             then
             malitious
             :
             for
             to
             give
             a
             more
             specious
             lustre
             to
             their
             forgeries
             ,
             and
             gain
             credit
             with
             the
             People
             ,
             they
             cunningly
             gave
             out
             ,
             that
             the
             Queen
             was
             perfectly
             well
             ,
             and
             in
             her
             right
             senses
             ,
             and
             that
             all
             they
             did
             ,
             was
             by
             her
             order
             (
             which
             was
             nothing
             so
             )
             ,
             whereby
             the
             blinde
             ignorant
             Commonaltie
             ran
             themselvs
             headlong
             into
             the
             precipice
             of
             those
             disasters
             ,
             which
             I
             have
             ,
             and
             hereafter
             shall
             relate
             .
             The
             glorie
             of
             this
             memorable
             exploit
             was
             properly
             to
             bee
             attributed
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro's
             valor
             ,
             who
             ,
             contrarie
             to
             the
             Votes
             of
             divers
             others
             ,
             would
             assault
             Tordesillas
             ,
             in
             stead
             of
             following
             their
             Armie
             ,
             to
             seek
             satisfaction
             for
             having
             been
             out-dared
             by
             them
             to
             fight
             ,
             and
             blocked
             up
             in
             Rioseco
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             others
             opinions
             and
             propositions
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             VIII
             .
          
           
             THose
             of
             Valladolid
             were
             in
             great
             fear
             ,
             when
             they
             heard
             that
             Tordesillas
             was
             taken
             ,
             lest
             the
             enemie
             should
             fall
             next
             upon
             them
             ,
             in
             regard
             they
             had
             disobliged
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             the
             Council
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             and
             other
             Nobles
             ,
             in
             not
             admitting
             them
             ,
             and
             favoring
             so
             much
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             generally
             reported
             ,
             that
             Valladolid
             alone
             did
             maintain
             them
             .
             Few
             men
             able
             to
             bear
             Arms
             were
             left
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             for
             they
             had
             sent
             all
             to
             the
             Armie
             in
             a
             manner
             ,
             but
             those
             that
             were
             left
             ,
             stood
             upon
             their
             guard
             .
             
             Whilest
             Valladolid
             was
             in
             this
             fright
             ,
             came
             a
             Post
             from
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             with
             letters
             ,
             wherein
             they
             said
             ,
             That
             they
             knew
             not
             ,
             neither
             did
             they
             think
             that
             the
             Cavaliers
             in
             Rioseco
             would
             have
             attempted
             to
             take
             Tordesillas
             ,
             nor
             have
             offred
             that
             affront
             or
             disrespect
             to
             the
             Queen
             ,
             beeing
             there
             ;
             That
             they
             could
             have
             no
             intelligence
             of
             their
             design
             ,
             becaus
             they
             had
             stopt
             ,
             and
             taken
             all
             the
             Messengers
             and
             Travellers
             ,
             that
             might
             give
             notice
             of
             their
             march
             thither
             ,
             and
             that
             when
             they
             did
             know
             it
             ,
             and
             were
             prepared
             to
             go
             succor
             the
             Town
             ,
             news
             was
             brought
             them
             ,
             that
             the
             Cavaliers
             were
             carrying
             the
             Queen
             away
             to
             Burgos
             ,
             which
             made
             them
             turn
             towards
             Valladolid
             ,
             thinking
             that
             waie
             to
             intercept
             them
             :
             And
             that
             now
             beeing
             at
             Villagarzia
             ,
             they
             thought
             good
             to
             acquaint
             them
             with
             their
             motion
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             they
             might
             receiv
             provision
             and
             orders
             thence
             ,
             to
             prosecute
             their
             design
             ;
             Promising
             ,
             since
             that
             the
             Cavaliers
             had
             taken
             Tordesillas
             ,
             and
             begun
             the
             War
             with
             fire
             and
             sword
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             do
             the
             like
             ,
             if
             Valladolid
             was
             so
             contented
             .
             These
             Letters
             confirmed
             the
             Peoples
             jealousies
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             they
             cursed
             him
             in
             private
             and
             in
             publick
             ,
             saying
             ,
             hee
             was
             a
             Traytor
             ,
             
             and
             had
             sold
             them
             .
             Moreover
             ,
             they
             wrote
             to
             this
             effect
             to
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             That
             in
             regard
             hee
             had
             clouded
             his
             reputation
             by
             not
             succoring
             Tordesillas
             ,
             to
             vindicate
             his
             honor
             ,
             hee
             should
             forth
             with
             go
             and
             laie
             siege
             to
             it
             ,
             and
             shew
             himself
             what
             hee
             was
             ;
             That
             his
             Armie
             on
             one
             side
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             on
             the
             other
             ,
             besides
             the
             rest
             of
             their
             Associates
             ,
             might
             joyntly
             take
             their
             full
             revenge
             for
             so
             insupportable
             an
             affront
             .
             
             They
             wrote
             in
             like
             manner
             to
             the
             Bishop
             ,
             and
             other
             Captains
             ,
             but
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             took
             no
             great
             notice
             thereof
             ,
             neither
             did
             hee
             make
             any
             other
             shew
             ,
             then
             that
             hee
             would
             go
             to
             Valladolid
             himself
             .
             Divers
             disorderly
             Captains
             ,
             like
             sheep
             without
             a
             shepherd
             ,
             with
             their
             Companies
             ,
             came
             and
             took
             up
             their
             Quarters
             at
             Villanubla
             ,
             two
             leagues
             from
             Valladolid
             :
             Others
             went
             to
             Valladolid
             with
             their
             plunder
             ,
             'mongst
             others
             ,
             two
             horsmen
             brought
             in
             a
             thousand
             Sheep
             ,
             others
             fiftie
             ,
             others
             two
             hundred
             Mules
             ,
             Mares
             ,
             and
             Carts
             loaden
             with
             linnen
             ,
             and
             all
             manner
             of
             housholdstuff
             ,
             taken
             from
             the
             poor
             Countrie-men
             ,
             to
             the
             value
             of
             above
             three
             Millions
             of
             Maravediz
             ,
             which
             they
             sold
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             for
             little
             or
             nothing
             ;
             a
             Wether
             was
             sold
             for
             two
             Ryalls
             ,
             an
             Ewe
             for
             one
             ,
             and
             a
             Cow
             for
             two
             Duckets
             ;
             But
             the
             mischief
             was
             the
             greater
             ,
             in
             that
             the
             poor
             shepherds
             and
             husbandmen
             ,
             having
             ransomed
             their
             cattle
             and
             goods
             ,
             before
             they
             had
             gon
             half
             a
             league
             ,
             the
             Souldiers
             would
             plunder
             them
             again
             ,
             spoiling
             and
             robbing
             friend
             and
             foe
             ,
             as
             much
             as
             they
             could
             .
             By
             which
             exorbitancies
             they
             began
             to
             see
             ,
             how
             much
             better
             it
             would
             have
             been
             to
             have
             satisfied
             their
             King's
             demands
             ,
             although
             the
             tax
             was
             somwhat
             heavie
             ;
             But
             so
             great
             acts
             of
             disobedience
             never
             passed
             long
             without
             such
             just
             punishments
             :
             Their
             outrageous
             impudence
             grew
             to
             such
             a
             height
             ,
             that
             without
             any
             reverence
             or
             respect
             ,
             they
             robb'd
             and
             spoiled
             the
             very
             Churches
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             been
             Infidels
             ;
             Women
             were
             not
             secure
             in
             their
             houses
             ,
             nor
             men
             by
             the
             high
             waies
             .
             Valladolid
             ,
             to
             prevent
             further
             disorder
             in
             this
             kinde
             ,
             Commanded
             that
             those
             straggling
             Souldiers
             ,
             which
             were
             to
             the
             number
             of
             six
             hundred
             ,
             should
             return
             to
             their
             Colours
             at
             Villanubla
             ,
             where
             their
             Captains
             were
             ,
             and
             there
             they
             gave
             them
             ten
             daies
             paie
             more
             to
             endear
             them
             to
             go
             before
             Tordesillas
             ;
             whither
             also
             marched
             ,
             with
             all
             expedition
             ,
             men
             from
             
               Salamanca
               ,
               Toro
            
             ,
             and
             Zamora
             ,
             in
             great
             numbers
             ,
             thinking
             to
             catch
             the
             Cavaliers
             in
             the
             Climm
             .
             But
             they
             lost
             no
             time
             in
             fortifying
             themselvs
             ,
             repairing
             the
             Walls
             ,
             (
             as
             was
             but
             need
             )
             scouring
             and
             clearing
             their
             ditches
             ,
             and
             laying
             in
             provisions
             of
             Victuals
             and
             Ammunition
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             IX
             .
          
           
             FAme
             soon
             carried
             the
             taking
             of
             Tordesillas
             through
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             which
             was
             diversly
             resented
             according
             to
             the
             disposition
             and
             inclination
             of
             the
             hearers
             ,
             as
             is
             usual
             amongst
             a
             divided
             people
             .
             Assoon
             as
             notice
             thereof
             was
             brought
             to
             Quintanilla
             ,
             who
             commanded
             before
             Alaejos
             ,
             hee
             raised
             his
             siege
             ,
             and
             returned
             in
             all
             haste
             ,
             with
             his
             men
             ,
             to
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             ,
             fearing
             lest
             that
             might
             also
             bee
             surprised
             .
             The
             Nobles
             in
             Tordesillas
             sent
             for
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             who
             remained
             in
             Rioseco
             ,
             with
             those
             of
             the
             Garrison
             .
             
               Don
               Rodrigo
               de
               Mendoça
            
             ,
             Earl
             of
             Castro
             ,
             who
             came
             to
             
               Medina
               de
               Rioseco
            
             with
             his
             men
             ,
             too
             late
             for
             the
             expedition
             of
             Tordesillas
             ,
             attended
             upon
             the
             Cardinal
             thither
             ;
             where
             ,
             his
             Eminence
             beeing
             arrived
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             solemnly
             accepted
             the
             Joint-government
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             and
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             having
             first
             tried
             all
             means
             possible
             to
             reduce
             the
             people
             fairly
             to
             the
             obedience
             of
             his
             Majestie
             ;
             for
             after
             the
             taking
             of
             Tordesillas
             ,
             hee
             sent
             
               Gomez
               de
               Avila
            
             ,
             (
             who
             was
             there
             made
             prisoner
             )
             making
             him
             first
             swear
             to
             return
             ,
             to
             treat
             with
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             and
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             offering
             them
             very
             honorable
             Conditions
             ,
             if
             they
             would
             laie
             down
             their
             Arms
             and
             com
             in
             .
             But
             Gomez
             beeing
             returned
             without
             concluding
             any
             thing
             ,
             there
             was
             no
             apparent
             hope
             of
             any
             accommodation
             :
             besides
             ,
             seeing
             that
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             and
             the
             forces
             of
             the
             Commoners
             ,
             were
             retired
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             (
             which
             was
             but
             five
             leagues
             from
             Tordesillas
             )
             and
             that
             it
             was
             no
             time
             of
             year
             to
             keep
             the
             field
             ,
             or
             besiege
             any
             other
             Citie
             ,
             leaving
             the
             enemies
             to
             themselvs
             ;
             the
             Governors
             ,
             with
             consent
             of
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Nobles
             ,
             put
             all
             their
             Souldiers
             in
             Garrison
             in
             the
             adjacent
             Towns
             ;
             For
             divers
             of
             their
             men
             were
             gon
             away
             ,
             having
             enriched
             themselvs
             with
             the
             plunder
             which
             they
             took
             at
             Tordesillas
             .
             The
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             with
             som
             chois
             companies
             ,
             remained
             in
             Tordesillas
             ,
             for
             the
             Guard
             of
             her
             Majestie
             's
             person
             ,
             and
             defence
             of
             the
             Town
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Velez
            
             ,
             Earl
             of
             On̄ate
             ,
             with
             som
             Hors
             and
             Foot
             Companies
             ,
             was
             placed
             in
             Simancas
             ,
             though
             the
             Government
             thereof
             belonged
             to
             
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Vega
            
             ,
             but
             hee
             beeing
             of
             the
             Emperor's
             ;
             
             Council
             of
             State
             ,
             it
             was
             thought
             more
             convenient
             hee
             should
             reside
             at
             Tordesillas
             ,
             yet
             hee
             went
             thither
             somtimes
             himself
             ,
             as
             occasion
             served
             .
             In
             Portillo
             (
             a
             place
             of
             strength
             ,
             belonging
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             )
             was
             put
             another
             Garrison
             ,
             under
             the
             Command
             of
             
               Don
               In̄igo
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             cosen-german
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             .
             To
             Torrelobaton
             (
             a
             Town
             of
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             's
             )
             betwixt
             Tordesillas
             and
             Rioseco
             (
             by
             which
             all
             their
             provisions
             were
             to
             pass
             )
             were
             sent
             other
             companies
             of
             souldiers
             ,
             besides
             those
             which
             
               Don
               Hernando
               Enriquez
            
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             's
             brother
             ,
             had
             there
             ;
             in
             regard
             that
             was
             the
             waie
             to
             Burgos
             ,
             where
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             was
             with
             the
             Council
             ,
             with
             whom
             they
             were
             to
             keep
             continual
             correspondence
             .
             Betwixt
             the
             Towns
             which
             were
             for
             the
             Commoners
             ,
             and
             those
             wherein
             were
             Garrisons
             for
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             was
             such
             killing
             ,
             robbing
             ,
             and
             spoiling
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             been
             the
             most
             mortal
             enemies
             in
             the
             world
             ,
             as
             shall
             bee
             declared
             hereafter
             .
             Artificers
             could
             get
             no
             emploiment
             ;
             Husbandmen
             could
             not
             till
             their
             grounds
             ,
             Merchants
             had
             no
             traffick
             ,
             Cities
             lost
             their
             correspondence
             with
             each
             other
             ,
             becaus
             the
             waies
             were
             unsecure
             ;
             Justice
             was
             quite
             out
             of
             date
             ;
             Excise
             ,
             Tributes
             ,
             Levies
             ,
             Impositions
             increased
             daily
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             excessive
             charges
             of
             the
             Armie
             ,
             the
             Revenue
             of
             the
             Roial
             Crown
             (
             which
             they
             had
             usurped
             )
             not
             beeing
             sufficient
             to
             defraie
             them
             .
             These
             ,
             and
             such
             like
             ,
             were
             the
             fruits
             and
             profit
             which
             Castilla
             reaped
             by
             their
             disobedience
             :
             And
             yet
             for
             all
             their
             miserable
             condition
             ,
             they
             did
             not
             humble
             nor
             submit
             themselvs
             ,
             neither
             would
             they
             accept
             of
             the
             honorable
             and
             advantageous
             Conditions
             which
             were
             offered
             them
             :
             But
             everie
             daie
             they
             were
             sending
             fresh
             men
             to
             maintein
             and
             foment
             the
             War
             from
             Valladolid
             ,
             where
             those
             ,
             who
             cast
             the
             Kingdom
             into
             this
             precipice
             ,
             had
             taken
             up
             their
             seat
             .
             Although
             they
             were
             so
             jealous
             and
             displeased
             at
             their
             Captain
             General
             DON
             PEDRO
             GIRON
             ,
             (
             especially
             the
             Common
             people
             )
             that
             they
             did
             neither
             obey
             nor
             respect
             him
             ,
             neither
             did
             hee
             hold
             himself
             secure
             amongst
             them
             ,
             and
             therefore
             hee
             left
             them
             soon
             after
             ,
             as
             you
             shall
             see
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             IX
             .
          
           
             THe
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             thinking
             themselvs
             not
             secure
             in
             Zaratan
             ,
             (
             which
             was
             but
             a
             smal
             open
             Village
             )
             marched
             with
             their
             Armie
             to
             Valladolid
             (
             although
             their
             coming
             was
             not
             very
             acceptable
             to
             most
             of
             the
             Citie
             )
             .
             Beeing
             there
             ,
             they
             quartered
             themselvs
             in
             the
             houses
             of
             those
             that
             were
             affected
             to
             the
             King's
             Partie
             ,
             making
             abominable
             havock
             and
             spoil
             ;
             their
             souldiers
             pulled
             down
             t●e
             houses
             of
             
               Francisco
               de
               la
               Serna
            
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Nin̄o
               de
               Castro
            
             ,
             they
             plundered
             the
             hous
             of
             the
             
               Comendador
               Santistevan
            
             ,
             robb'd
             and
             spoiled
             all
             they
             could
             laie
             hands
             on
             in
             the
             Earl
             of
             Miranda's
             hous
             ,
             and
             divers
             other
             mischiefs
             they
             did
             within
             the
             Citie
             ;
             whereof
             the
             Bishop
             beeing
             informed
             ,
             hee
             caused
             many
             things
             to
             bee
             restored
             ,
             and
             som
             souldiers
             to
             bee
             punished
             ,
             whereby
             hee
             gained
             much
             good
             opinion
             and
             affection
             .
             Two
             daies
             after
             their
             coming
             thither
             ,
             they
             marched
             both
             Hors
             and
             Foot
             in
             goodly
             order
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             with
             intent
             to
             go
             to
             break
             down
             the
             Bridg
             of
             Simancas
             ,
             but
             hearing
             by
             the
             waie
             that
             the
             Earl
             On̄ate
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             had
             saved
             them
             that
             labor
             ,
             (
             for
             the
             Earl
             had
             intelligence
             ,
             that
             they
             intended
             to
             surprise
             him
             there
             ,
             and
             pass
             thence
             to
             Tordesillas
             )
             they
             wheeled
             about
             to
             take
             the
             Fort
             of
             Fuensaldan̄a
             ,
             which
             they
             entred
             without
             any
             contradiction
             ,
             and
             having
             left
             som
             souldiers
             with
             a
             Commander
             in
             it
             ,
             they
             returned
             to
             Valladolid
             the
             same
             night
             ,
             giving
             orders
             to
             their
             men
             to
             bee
             ready
             the
             next
             morning
             before
             daie
             ;
             which
             was
             obeied
             ,
             and
             they
             gave
             out
             ,
             they
             would
             gain
             the
             pass
             at
             Simancas
             ,
             proclaiming
             war
             with
             fire
             and
             sword
             against
             the
             Cavaliers
             at
             Tordesillas
             .
             But
             Simancas
             ,
             beeing
             scituate
             upon
             the
             descent
             of
             an
             hill
             ,
             the
             river
             on
             one
             side
             ,
             and
             a
             strong
             Fort
             on
             the
             other
             ,
             which
             the
             Earl
             of
             On̄ate
             had
             been
             very
             careful
             and
             vigilant
             in
             poviding
             with
             all
             necessaries
             ,
             they
             feared
             no
             attempts
             from
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             .
             Most
             of
             those
             that
             marched
             out
             of
             Valladolid
             that
             time
             ,
             were
             from
             
               Salamanca
               ,
               Toro
            
             ,
             and
             Zamora
             ;
             many
             of
             them
             sillie
             ignorant
             fellows
             ,
             and
             their
             Captains
             not
             much
             more
             knowing
             in
             Martial
             affairs
             ,
             they
             were
             so
             long
             fitting
             themselvs
             ,
             that
             they
             made
             it
             three
             a
             clock
             in
             the
             Afternoon
             before
             they
             were
             
             all
             out
             of
             Valladolid
             (
             which
             was
             ten
             hours
             after
             the
             time
             appointed
             )
             ;
             so
             that
             they
             were
             forced
             to
             quarter
             that
             night
             at
             Laguna
             ,
             one
             league
             from
             the
             Citie
             ,
             som
             in
             the
             Monasterie
             of
             Abrojo
             ,
             others
             in
             the
             field
             with
             the
             Artillerie
             .
             There
             fell
             such
             a
             difference
             betwixt
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             and
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             that
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             with
             his
             Lanciers
             ,
             marched
             to
             Tudela
             ,
             but
             there
             hee
             was
             refused
             quarters
             ;
             so
             hee
             was
             enforced
             to
             go
             on
             to
             Villavan̄ez
             .
             Next
             〈◊〉
             the
             Bishop
             gave
             orders
             to
             march
             to
             Simancas
             ,
             but
             som
             told
             him
             ,
             that
             't
             was
             better
             to
             return
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             there
             take
             further
             advice
             .
             The
             people
             of
             
               Toro
               ,
               Zamora
            
             ,
             and
             Valladolid
             had
             likewise
             som
             bickerings
             amongst
             themselvs
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             every
             one
             would
             carrie
             their
             Artillerie
             home
             to
             their
             own
             Cities
             ;
             but
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             beeing
             the
             strongest
             partie
             ,
             carried
             it
             to
             their
             Citie
             without
             any
             more
             ado
             ,
             which
             bred
             much
             discontent
             and
             heart-burning
             :
             and
             all
             exclaimed
             against
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             saying
             all
             the
             ill
             their
             discontented
             mindes
             could
             imagine
             of
             him
             ,
             for
             leaving
             them
             in
             that
             manner
             ,
             which
             confirmed
             all
             the
             jealousies
             and
             suspicions
             which
             they
             had
             formerly
             conceived
             of
             him
             .
             One
             daie
             ,
             twelv
             Foot
             souldiers
             of
             Valladolid
             went
             out
             upon
             a
             partie
             towards
             Simancas
             ,
             and
             about
             one
             league
             from
             Valladolid
             ,
             they
             met
             with
             fourscore
             Hors
             of
             that
             Garrison
             ,
             which
             made
             them
             flie
             ,
             to
             secure
             themselvs
             ,
             into
             a
             little
             Tower
             amongst
             the
             Vineyards
             ,
             where
             they
             defended
             themselvs
             until
             the
             Alarm
             was
             given
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             came
             out
             with
             a
             partie
             of
             Hors
             ,
             and
             rescued
             them
             ;
             two
             of
             those
             of
             Simancas
             were
             killed
             ,
             and
             the
             rest
             ,
             seeing
             more
             men
             com
             from
             Valladolid
             ,
             fled
             all
             away
             ;
             so
             the
             Bishop
             returned
             with
             som
             hurt
             men
             ,
             but
             lost
             not
             one
             :
             Beeing
             night
             ,
             the
             Citie
             (
             much
             satisfied
             with
             his
             courage
             in
             this
             exploit
             )
             sent
             out
             many
             torches
             to
             receiv
             him
             .
             The
             next
             daie
             ,
             becaus
             a
             brother
             of
             Serna's
             had
             murmured
             somthing
             against
             the
             Bishop
             ,
             they
             commanded
             his
             hous
             to
             bee
             pull'd
             down
             :
             and
             in
             regard
             the
             people
             thronged
             thither
             ,
             out
             of
             greediness
             to
             carrie
             away
             the
             timber
             ,
             they
             heedlessly
             cut
             down
             the
             pillars
             and
             posts
             that
             supported
             it
             ,
             whereby
             the
             four
             quarters
             of
             the
             hous
             fell
             amongst
             the
             people
             ,
             killed
             fourteen
             or
             fifteen
             men
             ,
             and
             hurt
             divers
             others
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             X.
             
          
           
             THe
             Commissioners
             ,
             who
             fled
             ,
             at
             the
             taking
             of
             Tordesillas
             ,
             to
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             ,
             came
             afterwards
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             where
             they
             held
             their
             Iunta
             general
             ,
             concerning
             the
             affairs
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             The
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             seeing
             his
             Towns
             destroied
             ,
             his
             tenants
             plundered
             of
             all
             their
             goods
             and
             cattle
             ,
             since
             the
             ●●rdinal's
             departure
             from
             Rioseco
             ,
             sent
             them
             a
             Letter
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             pourporting
             ▪
             
             That
             since
             it
             had
             been
             God's
             pleasure
             to
             laie
             his
             Judgments
             upon
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             afflict
             them
             with
             the
             ●pirit
             of
             dissention
             ,
             hee
             desired
             (
             to
             the
             end
             there
             might
             bee
             no
             more
             spoiling
             nor
             murthering
             one
             another
             ,
             )
             That
             there
             might
             bee
             a
             Ce●sation
             of
             Arms
             ,
             but
             upon
             this
             condition
             ,
             That
             whatsoever
             dammage
             and
             prejudice
             ,
             hee
             and
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             had
             sustained
             in
             their
             Lands
             ,
             by
             the
             robbing
             and
             violence
             of
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             should
             bee
             repaired
             ,
             otherwise
             ,
             That
             those
             Arms
             which
             they
             had
             taken
             to
             offend
             them
             ,
             
             they
             should
             take
             to
             defend
             themselvs
             .
             This
             Letter
             beeing
             read
             in
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             it
             was
             Voted
             that
             no
             answer
             should
             bee
             returned
             ,
             nor
             any
             other
             Letter
             received
             thenceforwards
             from
             any
             of
             the
             Grandees
             .
             Christmas
             beeing
             com
             ,
             they
             made
             great
             preparations
             to
             go
             against
             
               Tordesillas
               ;
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             beeing
             arrived
             with
             the
             men
             of
             Toledo
             at
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             ,
             it
             was
             moved
             that
             hee
             should
             besiege
             it
             on
             one
             side
             ,
             and
             the
             Bishop
             on
             the
             other
             ,
             hereupon
             were
             every
             daie
             consultations
             amongst
             the
             Commissioners
             ,
             but
             they
             could
             not
             determine
             any
             thing
             .
             At
             last
             it
             was
             resolved
             ,
             that
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             should
             bee
             sent
             for
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             that
             they
             might
             take
             his
             advice
             .
             The
             Commoners
             were
             far
             more
             in
             number
             then
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             but
             these
             were
             the
             better
             and
             more
             experienced
             men
             in
             matters
             of
             Arms
             ▪
             Tordesillas
             they
             fortified
             daily
             ,
             and
             furnished
             with
             all
             sorts
             of
             provisions
             .
             Simancas
             likewise
             was
             in
             so
             good
             condition
             ,
             that
             the
             hors
             of
             that
             garrison
             plagued
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             in
             such
             manner
             ,
             that
             no
             bodie
             could
             Travel
             nor
             keep
             any
             Cattle
             in
             the
             fields
             ,
             or
             any
             thing
             els
             ,
             but
             they
             would
             bee
             sure
             to
             snap
             it
             .
             By
             order
             of
             the
             Iunta
             it
             was
             Proclaimed
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             with
             sound
             of
             Trumpets
             and
             Minstrels
             ,
             that
             no
             Souldiers
             ,
             or
             others
             ,
             should
             rob
             under
             
             pain
             of
             death
             ,
             albeit
             they
             should
             meet
             with
             people
             coming
             from
             the
             enemies
             quarters
             ,
             unless
             they
             bore
             Arms
             on
             the
             other
             side
             ,
             (
             and
             in
             such
             case
             ,
             they
             might
             do
             what
             they
             could
             )
             to
             the
             end
             that
             People
             might
             pass
             to
             and
             fro
             securely
             ,
             and
             trade
             not
             absolutely
             bee
             destroied
             .
             The
             like
             was
             proclaimed
             in
             Tordesillas
             and
             Simancas
             .
             By
             this
             means
             the
             waies
             began
             to
             bee
             somwhat
             secure
             ,
             but
             not
             altogether
             ,
             and
             the
             People
             desired
             there
             might
             bee
             one
             good
             battle
             ,
             for
             either
             side
             falling
             ,
             the
             dispute
             would
             bee
             ended
             .
             
             The
             spirit
             and
             Courage
             of
             the
             Bishop
             was
             remarkable
             :
             One
             night
             hee
             sallied
             out
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             went
             to
             Palencia
             ,
             took
             the
             Corregidor
             ,
             the
             Alcaldes
             ,
             and
             other
             officers
             of
             Justice
             ,
             and
             placed
             others
             in
             their
             steads
             ,
             hee
             had
             an
             intent
             to
             apprehend
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Castilla
            
             also
             ,
             but
             hee
             fled
             .
             With
             the
             favor
             and
             assistance
             of
             the
             major
             part
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             hee
             called
             himself
             Bishop
             of
             Palencia
             ,
             for
             which
             Bishoprick
             hee
             was
             presently
             off●ed
             sixteen
             thousand
             Duckets
             .
             Thence
             hee
             went
             to
             Carrion
             ,
             and
             Torquemad●
             ,
             in
             each
             of
             which
             Towns
             (
             as
             in
             Palencia
             )
             hee
             left
             two
             thousand
             men
             to
             guard
             them
             ,
             (
             which
             the
             Commonaltie
             had
             given
             him
             )
             hee
             gave
             them
             strict
             orders
             to
             bee
             very
             watchful
             and
             Vigilant
             ,
             but
             to
             offer
             violence
             to
             none
             ,
             except
             the
             the
             people
             of
             Burgos
             ,
             and
             other
             places
             belonging
             to
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             and
             from
             such
             ,
             hee
             bid
             them
             take
             what
             they
             could
             ,
             and
             paie
             themselvs
             with
             the
             plunder
             ,
             and
             tell
             the
             people
             ,
             that
             if
             they
             came
             a
             second
             time
             ,
             they
             might
             thank
             God
             if
             they
             took
             not
             their
             lives
             away
             ,
             as
             for
             their
             goods
             or
             Cattle
             ,
             they
             must
             exspect
             to
             have
             none
             left
             .
             This
             done
             ,
             hee
             returned
             to
             Vallad●lid
             ,
             having
             made
             himself
             a
             King
             ,
             and
             Pope
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XI
             .
          
           
             
               IOhn
               de
               Padilla
            
             marched
             out
             of
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             towards
             Valladolid
             ,
             with
             ●
             great
             number
             of
             Foot
             ,
             paid
             for
             a
             long
             time
             ,
             but
             onely
             threescore
             hors
             .
             And
             beeing
             arrived
             at
             the
             bridg
             of
             Duero
             ,
             hee
             commanded
             his
             Artillerie
             to
             bee
             carried
             up
             the
             River
             to
             Simancas
             ;
             At
             about
             half
             a
             league
             distance
             ,
             hee
             caused
             four
             peeces
             of
             Ordnance
             to
             bee
             shot
             at
             the
             Town
             ,
             whereupon
             the
             Earl
             of
             On̄ate
             sallied
             forth
             with
             fourscore
             Lances
             ,
             with
             which
             hee
             laie
             
             in
             ambush
             ,
             thinking
             to
             cut
             off
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             train
             ,
             but
             beeing
             discovered
             ,
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             let
             flie
             four
             Falconets
             at
             them
             ,
             which
             made
             them
             soon
             turn
             their
             b●cks
             ,
             and
             hee
             pursued
             them
             to
             the
             very
             Gates
             of
             Simancas
             .
             Thence
             hee
             went
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             where
             hee
             was
             solemnly
             received
             with
             the
             applaus
             and
             content
             of
             the
             whole
             Citie
             ,
             making
             as
             if
             hee
             were
             the
             father
             of
             them
             all
             ,
             in
             whom
             they
             reposed
             all
             their
             trust
             and
             confidence
             .
             And
             there
             hee
             was
             made
             Captain-General
             ,
             although
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             would
             have
             given
             that
             Command
             to
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
               de
               la
               Vega
               ,
            
             but
             the
             great
             credit
             and
             esteem
             which
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             had
             gotten
             amongst
             the
             Souldierie
             ,
             made
             them
             decline
             that
             resolution
             .
             The
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             having
             intelligence
             of
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             march
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             had
             an
             intent
             to
             stop
             his
             waie
             ,
             to
             which
             effect
             ,
             hee
             sent
             for
             
               Don
               Geronimo
               de
               Padilla
            
             to
             Simancas
             ,
             with
             those
             men
             hee
             had
             at
             Portillo
             ,
             but
             beeing
             upon
             his
             departure
             informed
             for
             certain
             ,
             that
             some
             of
             Tordesillas
             had
             given
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             notice
             of
             his
             design
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             had
             agreed
             ,
             assoon
             as
             the
             Earl
             was
             gon
             with
             his
             men
             one
             waie
             ,
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             shou●d
             com
             another
             ,
             and
             fall
             upon
             Tordesillas
             ,
             where
             most
             of
             the
             Inhabitants
             were
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             and
             desired
             nothing
             more
             ,
             then
             the
             effecting
             of
             this
             plo●
             ;
             Hee
             c●anged
             his
             former
             determination
             ,
             and
             staied
             to
             secure
             Tordesillas
             .
             After
             this
             ,
             they
             had
             intelligence
             that
             in
             a
             place
             called
             Rodilana
             ,
             betwixt
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             and
             Valladolid
             ,
             were
             quartered
             five
             hundred
             Souldiers
             of
             Salamanca
             ,
             who
             beeing
             so
             neer
             Medina
             ,
             thought
             themselvs
             secure
             ,
             and
             kept
             no
             guards
             ,
             hereupon
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             the
             ●arl
             ,
             consulted
             how
             to
             beat
             up
             their
             quarters
             ,
             and
             destroie
             them
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               la
               Cueva
            
             ,
             brother
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             Alburquerque
             ,
             a
             valiant
             Gentlemen
             ,
             undertook
             the
             execution
             of
             this
             design
             ,
             and
             with
             few
             more
             ,
             then
             what
             the
             enemie
             was
             spoken
             to
             bee
             ,
             hee
             marched
             one
             night
             to
             Rodilana
             ,
             and
             falling
             in
             suddenly
             upon
             them
             ,
             hee
             killed
             and
             took
             most
             of
             them
             ,
             the
             rest
             fled
             .
             Five
             or
             six
             daies
             after
             this
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             having
             received
             other
             intelligence
             ,
             that
             in
             a
             small
             Town
             called
             
               l●
               Zarca
            
             ,
             six
             leagues
             from
             Tordesillas
             ,
             where
             arrived
             seven
             or
             eight
             hundred
             Souldiers
             from
             Segovia
             ;
             Hee
             incharged
             the
             same
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             (
             who
             was
             his
             Cosen
             German
             )
             becaus
             hee
             had
             been
             so
             successful
             before
             ,
             to
             go
             and
             surprise
             the
             said
             Souldiers
             ,
             giving
             
             him
             two
             hundred
             hors
             and
             five
             hundred
             Foot
             to
             that
             effect
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             with
             those
             men
             ,
             marched
             all
             night
             ,
             and
             going
             a
             great
             league
             about
             to
             avoid
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             ,
             hee
             set
             upon
             them
             unawares
             ,
             &
             though
             the
             said
             souldiers
             retir'd
             fighting
             into
             a
             Church
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             followed
             them
             so
             close
             ,
             that
             entring
             perforce
             after
             them
             ,
             hee
             killed
             and
             wounded
             many
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             brought
             almost
             all
             the
             rest
             prisoners
             to
             Tordesillas
             ;
             which
             was
             held
             an
             exploit
             of
             great
             valor
             ,
             conduct
             ,
             and
             importance
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XII
             .
          
           
             
               JOhn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             and
             other
             Captains
             of
             the
             Commo●altie
             neglected
             no
             opportunities
             of
             advancing
             their
             Interest
             ,
             and
             infesting
             the
             advers
             partie
             .
             It
             was
             concluded
             amongst
             them
             ,
             that
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             with
             the
             two
             thousand
             five
             hundred
             men
             hee
             brought
             from
             Toledo
             and
             Madrid
             ,
             should
             pitch
             his
             camp
             before
             Cigales
             ,
             (
             a
             smal
             Town
             belonging
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             two
             leagues
             from
             Valladolid
             )
             and
             if
             they
             did
             not
             receiv
             them
             willingly
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             force
             their
             entrance
             ,
             but
             those
             of
             Cigales
             received
             them
             without
             making
             the
             least
             opposition
             ,
             and
             lodged
             them
             in
             their
             houses
             ,
             thinking
             no
             harm
             .
             At
             midnight
             (
             which
             was
             a
             base
             unworthie
             action
             )
             the
             Souldiers
             gave
             the
             alarm
             through
             all
             the
             Town
             ,
             and
             beeing
             in
             arms
             ,
             they
             took
             all
             their
             Hosts
             ,
             (
             who
             had
             so
             freely
             given
             them
             quarters
             )
             and
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             and
             having
             manacled
             ,
             and
             disarmed
             them
             ,
             not
             leaving
             them
             so
             much
             as
             a
             sword
             or
             dagger
             ,
             they
             put
             them
             all
             into
             the
             Church
             ,
             and
             set
             a
             strong
             Guard
             upon
             them
             ,
             saying
             ,
             They
             did
             so
             to
             secure
             the
             place
             ,
             becaus
             it
             belonged
             to
             an
             enemie
             .
             The
             third
             of
             Ianuarie
             the
             Bishop
             marched
             again
             out
             of
             Valladolid
             at
             midnight
             ,
             with
             som
             companies
             of
             souldiers
             ,
             directly
             to
             Pal●n●ia
             ,
             his
             new
             Bishoprick
             ,
             where
             hee
             staied
             som
             time
             ;
             after
             which
             hee
             gave
             out
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             return
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             but
             hee
             turned
             another
             waie
             ;
             
             and
             having
             sent
             his
             Scouts
             before
             to
             Moçon
             ,
             the
             next
             morning
             ,
             by
             break
             of
             daie
             ,
             hee
             assaulted
             the
             Fort
             of
             Valdepero
             ,
             whereof
             was
             Commander
             
               Andres
               de
               Ribera
            
             ,
             son
             in
             law
             to
             Doctor
             Tello
             ;
             who
             ,
             after
             a
             long
             dispute
             ,
             and
             several
             men
             killed
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             the
             Bishop
             receiving
             fresh
             supplies
             from
             the
             
             Beherrias
             ,
             was
             enforced
             to
             surrender
             upon
             condition
             ,
             onely
             to
             secure
             the
             lives
             of
             those
             that
             were
             within
             .
             The
             Bishop
             took
             the
             persons
             of
             the
             Governor
             ,
             his
             wife
             ,
             and
             Doctor
             Tello
             ,
             her
             father
             ,
             into
             his
             protection
             ,
             
             but
             could
             not
             ,
             or
             would
             not
             ,
             hinder
             his
             men
             ●rom
             plundering
             all
             their
             goods
             .
             They
             found
             much
             very
             rich
             bootie
             within
             the
             Fort
             ,
             whereof
             the
             Bishop
             demanded
             a
             fifth
             part
             ,
             as
             beeing
             their
             Captain
             ,
             which
             they
             gave
             him
             ,
             yet
             hee
             that
             had
             least
             amongst
             the
             Souldiers
             ,
             carried
             away
             fourtie
             Duckets
             .
             The
             Bishop
             grown
             glorious
             by
             this
             prize
             ,
             dispatched
             a
             messenger
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             requiring
             them
             to
             send
             him
             more
             men
             ,
             that
             hee
             mig●t
             take
             the
             other
             Forts
             about
             Fu●ntes
             and
             Palencia
             ,
             and
             put
             Ga●r●sons
             i●
             them
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             which
             done
             ,
             hee
             sent
             Doctor
             Tello
             ,
             his
             son-in-law
             ,
             a●d
             daughter
             ,
             prisoners
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             with
             a
             Guard
             of
             thirtie
             Hors.
             
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XIII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Commanders
             of
             the
             Iunta's
             forces
             used
             all
             possible
             diligence
             to
             bee
             revenged
             of
             those
             of
             Simancas
             ,
             from
             whom
             they
             received
             continual
             affronts
             and
             mischief
             ,
             and
             therefore
             they
             sent
             for
             more
             me●
             to
             
               Toro
               ,
               Zamora
               ,
               Salamanca
            
             ,
             and
             Avila
             ,
             which
             they
             exspected
             daily
             ;
             for
             all
             those
             ,
             and
             other
             Cities
             ,
             were
             possessed
             with
             so
             much
             disdain
             and
             wilfulness
             ,
             that
             they
             asspired
             and
             studied
             nothing
             more
             ,
             then
             the
             mainteining
             of
             that
             War
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             thought
             that
             their
             onely
             means
             to
             Salvation
             ;
             whereof
             certainly
             there
             was
             weak
             probabilitie
             ,
             considering
             ,
             that
             for
             eleven
             months
             ,
             which
             those
             Domestick
             or
             Civil
             Wars
             had
             reigned
             in
             Spain
             ,
             the
             Divel
             had
             transported
             the
             hearts
             of
             men
             with
             this
             infernal
             furie
             .
             If
             any
             one
             (
             though
             but
             of
             an
             ordinarie
             capacitie
             )
             did
             se●iously
             consider
             ,
             what
             destinie
             would
             befal
             those
             Citi●s
             ,
             sor
             denying
             their
             due
             obedience
             to
             their
             King
             ,
             (
             hee
             granting
             more
             then
             they
             desired
             )
             and
             persevering
             in
             such
             extravag●nt
             misdemeanors
             and
             cruelties
             to
             themselvs
             ,
             besides
             the
             of●ens
             to
             God
             ;
             what
             could
             hee
             think
             ,
             but
             that
             they
             were
             quite
             bereaved
             of
             natural
             reason
             ?
             And
             that
             a
             Bishop
             (
             CHRIST'S
             Vicar
             )
             should
             make
             himself
             Captain
             of
             such
             ungratious
             miscreants
             ,
             
               O
               ●empora
               !
               ô
               Mores
            
             !
             Impudence
             and
             respectless
             audacitie
             were
             
             onely
             in
             esteem
             ;
             the
             vile
             inconsiderate
             multitude
             fought
             against
             the
             noble
             and
             virtuous
             .
             Those
             that
             were
             of
             good
             extraction
             ,
             or
             possessed
             any
             considerable
             fortune
             ,
             durst
             not
             open
             their
             mouths
             ,
             for
             if
             by
             chance
             they
             did
             let
             fall
             any
             word
             which
             sounded
             not
             well
             in
             the
             other's
             ears
             ,
             presently
             their
             persons
             were
             committed
             to
             prisons
             ,
             their
             goods
             and
             estates
             confiscate
             ,
             and
             they
             proclaimed
             Traitors
             .
             Such
             was
             the
             confusion
             ,
             such
             the
             corruption
             and
             reprobate
             estate
             of
             the
             Castillians
             ,
             in
             our
             Grandfathers
             times
             ,
             from
             the
             year
             1519
             ,
             until
             1522
             ;
             In
             which
             year
             God
             brought
             his
             Majestie
             back
             into
             these
             Kingdoms
             :
             which
             returning
             to
             their
             obedience
             ,
             and
             beeing
             acknowledged
             by
             their
             King
             ,
             God
             raised
             them
             to
             the
             magnificence
             and
             glorie
             wherewith
             they
             flourished
             in
             former
             ages
             ,
             and
             enjoie
             yet
             at
             this
             present
             .
             To
             the
             end
             the
             people
             may
             see
             what
             blessings
             hee
             bestow's
             upon
             subjects
             that
             are
             obedient
             to
             their
             Princes
             ,
             and
             how
             hee
             punisheth
             the
             contrarie
             ;
             for
             although
             the
             Taxes
             which
             they
             impose
             upon
             them
             bee
             heavie
             ,
             they
             heap
             upon
             themselvs
             grievances
             infinitely
             more
             insupportable
             ,
             by
             rising
             in
             Rebellion
             against
             them
             .
             Though
             this
             strange
             Historie
             of
             the
             Commonalties
             seem
             opprobrious
             to
             this
             Nation
             ,
             and
             an
             indelible
             blot
             to
             the
             Castillian
             honor
             ,
             having
             broken
             their
             faith
             to
             their
             Sovereign
             ,
             for
             which
             they
             were
             so
             renowned
             in
             other
             ages
             :
             yet
             it
             is
             exceeding
             profitable
             in
             this
             respect
             ,
             
             that
             Kings
             may
             know
             how
             to
             govern
             their
             Subjects
             without
             oppression
             ,
             and
             the
             subjects
             learn
             to
             obey
             without
             reluctancie
             ;
             for
             the
             contrarie
             can
             but
             produce
             such
             sad
             effects
             as
             wee
             both
             have
             and
             shall
             see
             hereafter
             .
             But
             to
             return
             to
             our
             former
             relation
             ,
             I
             must
             tell
             you
             ,
             That
             the
             Garrison
             of
             Simancas
             ,
             holding
             themselvs
             secure
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             natural
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Artificial
             strength
             of
             the
             place
             ,
             went
             almost
             every
             daie
             Pekeering
             to
             the
             gates
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             not
             onely
             brought
             away
             all
             their
             goods
             and
             cattle
             they
             could
             meet
             withal
             ,
             but
             abused
             and
             reviled
             them
             with
             most
             shameful
             language
             ,
             calling
             them
             Dogs
             ,
             and
             Infidels
             ,
             bidding
             them
             turn
             Christians
             again
             .
             In
             revenge
             whereof
             ,
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             so
             reaked
             their
             malice
             upon
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             other
             Noblemen
             ,
             in
             this
             manner
             ;
             The
             11
             daie
             of
             Januarie
             ,
             in
             the
             same
             year
             ,
             by
             order
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             ,
             consent
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             they
             made
             a
             Proclamation
             ,
             that
             
             no
             Citizen
             ,
             or
             Inhabitant
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             or
             Jurisdiction
             thereof
             ,
             should
             dare
             ,
             under
             great
             penalties
             ,
             to
             go
             to
             the
             Fairs
             ,
             or
             Marts
             ,
             of
             
               Villalon
               ,
               Rioseco
            
             ,
             or
             Astorga
             ,
             (
             which
             Towns
             belonged
             to
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             and
             Marquis
             of
             Astorga
             )
             their
             envie
             and
             spight
             beeing
             so
             inveterate
             ,
             that
             if
             they
             could
             but
             blemish
             any
             one
             of
             these
             Noblemen's
             eies
             ,
             they
             would
             not
             stick
             to
             have
             pull'd
             out
             their
             own
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XIV
             .
          
           
             
               DOn
               Francisco
               de
               Veamonte
            
             ,
             by
             order
             of
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             surprised
             and
             possessed
             himself
             (
             finding
             no
             great
             resistance
             )
             of
             the
             Town
             of
             Ampudia
             ,
             or
             
               Fuent
               Empudia
            
             ,
             belonging
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             who
             was
             then
             playing
             the
             mad
             mutinier
             in
             the
             mountains
             of
             Alava
             ,
             and
             could
             by
             no
             means
             bee
             reduced
             to
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             .
             The
             Commoners
             to
             gain
             favor
             with
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             determined
             to
             retake
             Ampudia
             .
             To
             which
             effect
             one
             night
             in
             the
             said
             month
             of
             
               Ianuarie
               ,
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Bishop
             ,
             made
             an
             alarm
             in
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             causing
             proclamation
             to
             bee
             made
             ,
             that
             every
             hous
             should
             furnish
             a
             Souldier
             ,
             to
             go
             with
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             as
             far
             as
             Cabecon
             ,
             for
             the
             expedition
             of
             Ampudia
             ,
             in
             regard
             they
             had
             intelligence
             that
             five
             Companies
             of
             Foot
             and
             hors
             were
             marched
             out
             of
             Tordesillas
             and
             Simancas
             ,
             to
             take
             it
             from
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             who
             was
             a
             great
             supporter
             of
             their
             caus
             .
             But
             the
             Cavaliers
             for
             the
             better
             accomplishment
             of
             their
             design
             ,
             sent
             ten
             Scouts
             before
             to
             discover
             ,
             and
             ride
             close
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             whom
             those
             of
             the
             Citie
             perceiving
             ,
             presently
             sallied
             out
             ,
             and
             gave
             not
             over
             the
             pursuit
             of
             them
             ,
             until
             they
             had
             recovered
             Simancas
             ▪
             By
             which
             means
             the
             the
             rest
             went
             securely
             on
             to
             Ampudia
             ,
             without
             receiving
             the
             least
             hindrance
             from
             Valladolid
             ,
             who
             were
             diverted
             by
             those
             of
             
               Simancas
               .
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             with
             great
             store
             of
             men
             ,
             one
             whole
             Cannon
             ,
             and
             three
             or
             four
             field-peeces
             ,
             marched
             to
             Cabecon
             and
             Cigales
             ,
             from
             whence
             he
             sent
             back
             again
             all
             the
             men
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             onely
             two
             Companies
             ,
             with
             which
             ,
             and
             the
             rest
             of
             his
             men
             ,
             hee
             arrived
             in
             very
             good
             order
             at
             Ampudia
             ,
             where
             hee
             found
             the
             
             Cavaliers
             ,
             masters
             ,
             both
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             and
             Fort.
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             men
             ,
             beeing
             mad
             of
             fighting
             ,
             fell
             to
             storming
             the
             Town
             ,
             and
             having
             made
             two
             great
             breaches
             ,
             in
             the
             old
             ,
             and
             new
             Wall
             ,
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             retreated
             to
             the
             Fort
             ,
             whither
             they
             pursued
             them
             :
             But
             the
             Cavaliers
             seeing
             they
             were
             but
             few
             ,
             &
             the
             enemies
             manie
             ,
             and
             stout-fighting
             men
             ,
             they
             quitted
             the
             Fort
             ,
             leaving
             in
             it
             a
             Governor
             ,
             with
             60
             Hors
             ,
             &
             som
             Foot
             ,
             &
             getting
             out
             at
             a
             private
             Sallie-port
             ,
             they
             fled
             to
             the
             Tower
             of
             Mormojon
             ,
             one
             league
             distant
             from
             Ampudia
             ,
             whereof
             when
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             had
             notice
             ,
             hee
             followed
             them
             with
             his
             whole
             Armie
             ,
             and
             beeing
             arrived
             at
             Mormojon
             ,
             hee
             found
             they
             had
             made
             themselvs
             strong
             within
             the
             Castle
             ,
             which
             was
             scituate
             upon
             the
             side
             of
             the
             Mountain
             called
             Toroços
             ,
             towards
             the
             Champain
             .
             
               John
               de
               Padilla's
            
             souldiers
             were
             all
             so
             animated
             ,
             
             and
             desirous
             to
             grapple
             with
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             that
             making
             a
             furious
             on-set
             ,
             and
             burning
             down
             the
             gates
             ,
             they
             were
             just
             entring
             the
             Town
             ,
             when
             all
             the
             people
             came
             out
             in
             Procession
             ,
             the
             Priests
             with
             their
             robes
             ,
             and
             Crosses
             in
             their
             hands
             ,
             and
             the
             women
             ,
             and
             children
             bare-footed
             ,
             fell
             upon
             their
             knees
             with
             tears
             ,
             and
             humble
             supplications
             to
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             not
             suffer
             them
             to
             bee
             sack'd
             or
             plundered
             :
             But
             his
             men
             cried
             out
             ,
             No
             ,
             no
             ,
             let
             us
             sack
             the
             Town
             .
             At
             which
             words
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             turned
             himself
             towards
             his
             souldiers
             ,
             saying
             ,
             
               Take
               notice
               ,
               Gentlemen
               ,
               our
               intention
               is
               not
               to
               ransack
               or
               destroie
               any
               people
               ,
               especially
               those
               who
               are
               not
               culpable
            
             :
             by
             which
             ,
             and
             other
             such
             like
             plaus●ble
             language
             ,
             hee
             pacified
             the
             furious
             greediness
             of
             his
             souldiers
             ,
             and
             persuaded
             them
             to
             do
             what
             hee
             pleased
             :
             which
             done
             ,
             hee
             told
             the
             people
             upon
             his
             word
             ,
             no
             man
             of
             his
             should
             offer
             them
             any
             violence
             ,
             but
             they
             must
             bring
             a
             thousand
             Duckets
             to
             content
             his
             Armie
             ,
             and
             swear
             to
             bee
             true
             to
             the
             Commonaltie
             ;
             whereunto
             the
             poor
             Townsmen
             ,
             out
             of
             fear
             ,
             suddenly
             condescended
             ,
             and
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             quartered
             all
             his
             men
             there
             ,
             but
             with
             express
             order
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             paie
             for
             every
             thing
             ,
             except
             Provender
             for
             their
             Horses
             ,
             which
             the
             people
             were
             willing
             to
             give
             them
             .
             Soon
             after
             ,
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             commanding
             one
             half
             of
             his
             Armie
             to
             lay
             close
             siege
             to
             the
             Castle
             ,
             and
             block
             up
             all
             the
             Advenues
             ,
             with
             the
             other
             half
             he
             returned
             to
             do
             the
             like
             to
             those
             within
             the
             Fort
             of
             Empudia
             ,
             who
             would
             willingly
             have
             surrendred
             
             it
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             Mormojon
             likewise
             ,
             if
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             would
             have
             secured
             them
             their
             lives
             onely
             ,
             but
             hee
             refused
             it
             ,
             and
             swore
             ,
             if
             they
             stood
             out
             ,
             hee
             would
             hang
             every
             man
             of
             them
             ;
             
             so
             hee
             assaulted
             them
             several
             times
             very
             furiously
             ;
             but
             seeing
             how
             courageously
             they
             defended
             themselvs
             ,
             to
             the
             loss
             of
             no
             smal
             number
             of
             his
             men
             ,
             hee
             was
             glad
             they
             would
             deliver
             it
             upon
             better
             conditions
             ;
             which
             were
             these
             ,
             That
             they
             should
             resign
             the
             Fort
             ,
             vvith
             all
             things
             belonging
             thereunto
             ,
             as
             Munition
             ,
             Victuals
             ,
             houshold-stuff
             ,
             &c.
             
             And
             march
             freely
             out
             with
             all
             their
             own
             Arms
             ,
             horses
             ,
             and
             baggage
             ,
             which
             they
             did
             to
             the
             number
             of
             one
             hundred
             and
             threesco●e
             hors
             and
             Foot.
             
               Fray
               Antonio
               de
               Guevara
            
             ,
             in
             his
             Epistles
             ,
             
             reporteth
             ,
             that
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             encouraging
             his
             Souldiers
             in
             this
             assault
             ,
             said
             to
             them
             ,
             
               So
               ,
               my
               boyes
               ,
               get
               up
               nimbly
               ,
               fight
               and
               die
               couragiously
               ,
               and
               let
               my
               Soul
               go
               at
               a
               venture
               along
               with
               yours
               ,
               since
               you
               die
               in
               so
               just
               and
               Holie
               an
               enterprise
               .
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             would
             not
             suffer
             any
             dammage
             or
             havock
             to
             bee
             made
             of
             any
             thing
             within
             the
             Fort
             ,
             nor
             stand
             to
             batter
             it
             much
             without
             ,
             becaus
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             had
             written
             to
             him
             ,
             to
             take
             it
             with
             the
             least
             prejudice
             to
             him
             that
             might
             bee
             .
             Those
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             were
             very
             well
             pleased
             at
             the
             taking
             of
             Empudia
             ,
             and
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             Armie
             increased
             daily
             ,
             by
             the
             confluence
             of
             people
             to
             him
             from
             the
             Beherri●s
             .
             The
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             departed
             from
             Empudia
             ,
             to
             Monçon
             ,
             thence
             to
             Magaz
             ,
             spoiling
             and
             doing
             all
             the
             mischief
             hee
             could
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Cavaliers
             partie
             ;
             Hee
             caused
             Maçariegos
             ,
             and
             other
             Towns
             ,
             to
             bee
             sacked
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             hee
             was
             asmuch
             dreaded
             as
             fire
             ,
             in
             places
             that
             were
             not
             able
             to
             resist
             him
             .
             But
             in
             Valladolid
             they
             found
             great
             miss
             of
             him
             ,
             to
             defend
             them
             from
             the
             incursions
             of
             those
             in
             garrison
             at
             Simancas
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XV.
             
          
           
             THe
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             by
             Letters
             ,
             promises
             ,
             and
             other
             private
             practises
             ,
             sollicited
             ,
             and
             egged
             on
             the
             people
             of
             Burgos
             ,
             asmuch
             as
             in
             him
             laie
             ,
             to
             make
             another
             Commotion
             in
             the
             Citie
             .
             But
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             was
             so
             vigilant
             and
             zealous
             to
             advance
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ,
             that
             hee
             did
             not
             onely
             keep
             those
             of
             Burgos
             in
             good
             order
             and
             subjection
             ,
             but
             endeavored
             
             by
             the
             same
             means
             the
             Bishop
             used
             ,
             
             to
             gain
             the
             people
             of
             Valladolid
             ;
             The
             plot
             beeing
             discovered
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             suspected
             ,
             they
             cunningly
             returned
             an
             answer
             to
             the
             Citie
             of
             Burgos
             ,
             inclosing
             therein
             a
             Copie
             of
             the
             Letter
             (
             which
             they
             shrewdly
             imagined
             was
             of
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable's
             own
             forging
             ,
             and
             not
             from
             the
             Citie
             )
             to
             the
             end
             they
             might
             both
             bee
             read
             publickly
             ,
             which
             occasioned
             such
             a
             tumult
             and
             mutinie
             among
             the
             people
             ,
             that
             like
             hare-brained
             inconsiderate
             creatures
             ,
             
             they
             presently
             rose
             in
             Arms
             ,
             and
             would
             have
             turned
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             .
             But
             hee
             ,
             seeing
             fair
             words
             and
             gentleness
             prevailed
             nothing
             at
             all
             with
             them
             ,
             determined
             to
             carrie
             it
             with
             an
             high
             hand
             ,
             and
             make
             them
             to
             submit
             
               per
               force
            
             ,
             having
             taken
             the
             Command
             of
             the
             Fort
             from
             them
             .
             To
             bring
             this
             resolution
             to
             effect
             ,
             one
             daie
             hee
             drew
             up
             his
             souldiers
             and
             servants
             all
             in
             Arms
             ,
             in
             a
             broad
             place
             before
             his
             own
             hous
             ;
             thither
             repaired
             to
             him
             forthvvith
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               la
               Cerda
            
             ,
             Duke
             of
             
               Medina
               Cely
               ,
               Don
               Luis
               de
               la
               Cerda
               ,
            
             Marquis
             of
             Cogolludo
             ,
             his
             son
             ,
             
               Don
               Alonso
               de
               Arellano
            
             Earl
             of
             
               Aguilar
               ,
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Velasco
            
             Earl
             of
             Nieva
             ,
             with
             his
             two
             sons
             ,
             
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Bobadilla
            
             Earl
             of
             
               Chinchon
               ,
               Don
               Bernardino
               de
               Cardenas
               ,
            
             Marquis
             of
             Elche
             ,
             eldest
             son
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             Maqueda
             ,
             and
             son
             in
             Law
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             besides
             divers
             other
             persons
             of
             honor
             ,
             with
             their
             kindred
             ,
             and
             servants
             ,
             who
             were
             all
             resolved
             to
             venture
             their
             lives
             with
             him
             in
             this
             design
             ;
             which
             the
             people
             perceiving
             ,
             they
             all
             assembled
             likewise
             ,
             intending
             to
             fight
             with
             these
             Noblemen
             ,
             and
             they
             were
             so
             near
             engaging
             ,
             that
             som
             Arrows
             were
             interchanged
             from
             each
             partie
             ,
             and
             the
             bullets
             began
             to
             flie
             also
             ;
             but
             the
             chief
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             
             seeing
             the
             advantage
             the
             Nobles
             had
             over
             the
             People
             ,
             they
             speedily
             sent
             to
             require
             and
             command
             the
             Commoners
             to
             bee
             quiet
             ,
             and
             peaceably
             laying
             down
             their
             Arms
             ,
             to
             obey
             the
             Commands
             of
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             as
             their
             Vice-King
             and
             Governor
             ,
             which
             they
             did
             without
             much
             contestation
             ,
             and
             followed
             ,
             very
             submissively
             and
             quietly
             ,
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             who
             went
             directly
             to
             the
             Fort
             ,
             requiring
             the
             Governor
             to
             deliver
             it
             him
             presently
             ,
             otherwise
             ,
             hee
             protested
             ,
             hee
             would
             enter
             it
             by
             force
             ,
             
             and
             execute
             Justice
             upon
             him
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             rest
             with
             him
             ;
             Som
             disputes
             and
             controversie
             there
             was
             
             thereupon
             ,
             but
             before
             night
             it
             was
             surrendered
             ;
             and
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             put
             in
             another
             Governor
             for
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             placed
             a
             Corregidor
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             re-established
             the
             government
             in
             the
             same
             manner
             it
             had
             been
             formerly
             .
             Thus
             Burgos
             ,
             not
             beeing
             able
             to
             resist
             ,
             was
             pacified
             ,
             and
             reduced
             to
             the
             obedience
             of
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             wherein
             that
             Citie
             continued
             ever
             after
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XVI
             .
          
           
             THis
             done
             ,
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             sent
             
               Don
               Iuan
               Manrique
            
             ,
             the
             Duke
             of
             Naxara's
             eldest
             son
             ,
             to
             suppress
             those
             of
             the
             Merindades
             ;
             and
             by
             reason
             hee
             was
             very
             young
             ,
             
               Martin
               Ruiz
               de
               Avendan̄●
            
             ,
             and
             
               Gomez
               de
               Butron
            
             ,
             Gentlemen
             of
             great
             account
             in
             those
             parts
             ,
             and
             in
             Biscaya
             ,
             were
             appointed
             to
             go
             along
             with
             him
             ;
             beeing
             arrived
             there
             ,
             those
             Gentlemen
             carried
             the
             business
             so
             discreetly
             ,
             that
             there
             was
             a
             peace
             concluded
             betwixt
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Merindades
             ;
             But
             it
             lasted
             not
             long
             ,
             for
             
               Gonsalo
               de
               Barabona
            
             ,
             the
             Abbat
             of
             
               Rueda
               ,
               Garcia
               de
               Arce
            
             ,
             but
             chiefly
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Ayala
            
             ,
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             infringed
             it
             ,
             who
             was
             grown
             very
             powerful
             in
             those
             mountainous
             parts
             ,
             and
             so
             besotted
             with
             that
             inconsiderate
             passion
             ,
             that
             by
             his
             obstinacie
             ,
             hee
             brought
             himself
             to
             a
             miserable
             end
             ,
             to
             the
             utter
             ruine
             and
             destruction
             of
             one
             of
             the
             most
             honorable
             and
             most
             antient
             families
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             and
             the
             Mountains
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XVII
             .
          
           
             AT
             the
             time
             that
             most
             of
             the
             Cities
             of
             Castilla
             declared
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             in
             the
             province
             of
             Alava
             ,
             and
             Citie
             of
             Vitoria
             ,
             that
             opinion
             was
             not
             generally
             received
             nor
             allowed
             ,
             although
             som
             did
             take
             the
             libertie
             to
             speak
             over
             lavishly
             ,
             especially
             against
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             .
             In
             this
             season
             was
             brought
             to
             the
             said
             province
             ,
             and
             Citie
             of
             Vitoria
             ,
             a
             Letter
             from
             Burgos
             ,
             wherein
             that
             Citie
             (
             as
             the
             chief
             of
             Castilla
             )
             desired
             those
             of
             that
             province
             to
             send
             two
             persons
             (
             whom
             they
             pleased
             )
             to
             confer
             with
             them
             at
             Burgos
             .
             At
             the
             same
             time
             ,
             were
             brought
             other
             Letters
             from
             the
             province
             of
             Guipuzcoa
             ,
             and
             the
             Countie
             
             of
             Biscaya
             ,
             desiring
             that
             they
             might
             all
             unite
             together
             .
             The
             Citie
             of
             Naxara
             and
             Town
             of
             Haro
             desired
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             assist
             them
             ,
             against
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             and
             the
             Duke
             of
             Naxara
             ,
             who
             ,
             they
             said
             ,
             did
             tyrannize
             too
             much
             over
             them
             ;
             Vitoria
             returned
             civil
             answers
             to
             all
             ,
             Burgos
             onely
             excepted
             ,
             to
             whom
             they
             would
             not
             write
             ,
             becaus
             they
             made
             themselvs
             their
             Superiors
             ,
             in
             styling
             that
             the
             Metropolitan
             Citie
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             for
             the
             Citie
             of
             Vitoria
             did
             presume
             that
             they
             ,
             and
             their
             province
             of
             Alava
             ,
             were
             absolute
             of
             themselvs
             ,
             without
             any
             dependencie
             ,
             or
             relation
             to
             Burgos
             ,
             as
             their
             Head.
             But
             they
             sent
             
               Iohn
               de
               Alava
            
             (
             who
             at
             that
             time
             was
             
               Merino
               Mayor
            
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             Chief
             Judg
             of
             Vitoria
             )
             to
             let
             their
             Embassadors
             understand
             ,
             by
             word
             of
             mouth
             ,
             the
             preheminence
             of
             that
             Countrie
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             could
             not
             condescend
             to
             the
             Union
             which
             they
             desired
             ,
             for
             they
             understood
             that
             Burgos
             had
             shaken
             hands
             with
             their
             obedience
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             and
             they
             would
             not
             bee
             participant
             of
             their
             disloialtie
             .
             This
             answer
             was
             no
             less
             unexpected
             then
             unwelcom
             to
             those
             of
             Burgos
             .
             About
             the
             same
             time
             ,
             
             some
             Towns
             of
             the
             Province
             of
             Guipu●coa
             ,
             infected
             with
             the
             Common
             Contagion
             ,
             fell
             foul
             upon
             the
             Citie
             of
             
               San
               Sebastian
            
             ,
             becaus
             they
             would
             not
             approve
             of
             their
             extravagant
             opinions
             ,
             cutting
             down
             and
             spoiling
             their
             Orchards
             ,
             (
             for
             they
             have
             no
             Vineyards
             )
             and
             doing
             them
             divers
             other
             mischiefs
             .
             But
             prevailing
             not
             there
             ,
             they
             wrote
             ,
             and
             held
             correspondence
             with
             divers
             other
             places
             ,
             by
             means
             of
             
               Pedro
               Ochoa
               de
               Santa
               Maria
               de
               Mondragon
               ,
            
             (
             a
             subtil
             fellow
             )
             who
             was
             their
             Mercurie
             .
             At
             length
             ,
             Vitoria
             tainted
             with
             the
             same
             diseas
             ,
             had
             joyned
             in
             confederacie
             with
             them
             ,
             but
             that
             
               Diego
               Martinez
               de
               Alava
            
             ,
             Deputie-General
             of
             that
             province
             ,
             with
             others
             ,
             his
             allies
             and
             kinsmen
             ,
             endeavored
             to
             restrain
             them
             from
             a
             design
             so
             wicked
             and
             prejudicial
             to
             his
             Majestie
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XVIII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             beeing
             at
             difference
             with
             
               Madama
               Margarita
            
             ,
             his
             Ladie
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             hee
             would
             not
             live
             with
             her
             ,
             shee
             addressed
             her
             complaints
             to
             his
             Majestie
             of
             her
             grievances
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             indignities
             ,
             which
             ,
             through
             his
             cross
             and
             
             unworthie
             disposition
             ,
             
             shee
             was
             enforced
             to
             suffer
             .
             Whereupon
             it
             was
             ordered
             by
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             that
             the
             said
             Countess
             ,
             with
             her
             Children
             ,
             should
             remain
             in
             Vitoria
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Earl
             should
             allow
             them
             maintenance
             according
             to
             their
             qualities
             ;
             and
             an
             expr●ss
             Command
             from
             his
             Majestie
             was
             sent
             to
             
               Diego
               Martinez
               de
               Alava
            
             ,
             Deputie
             general
             of
             that
             Province
             ,
             to
             see
             the
             said
             order
             punctually
             observed
             ,
             who
             desiring
             to
             execute
             this
             Command
             by
             the
             Autoritie
             and
             means
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             the
             Earl
             thought
             to
             counterpois
             that
             power
             ,
             by
             making
             the
             Commonaltie
             of
             his
             side
             ,
             who
             did
             him
             little
             good
             in
             this
             particular
             ,
             although
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             sent
             to
             that
             Province
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             Citie
             of
             Vitoria
             ,
             a
             Judg
             ,
             called
             
               Antonio
               Gomez
               de
               Ayala
            
             (
             who
             afterwards
             was
             executed
             for
             a
             notorious
             Commoner
             at
             Valladolid
             )
             with
             orders
             and
             power
             to
             give
             sentence
             in
             favor
             ,
             or
             against
             any
             that
             should
             bee
             brought
             before
             him
             :
             his
             addresses
             were
             particularly
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             that
             hee
             might
             assist
             and
             support
             him
             :
             The
             Ea●l
             gave
             him
             fiftie
             men
             ,
             who
             attended
             on
             him
             at
             his
             coming
             into
             Vitoria
             ;
             which
             the
             Deputie
             
               Diego
               Martinez
               de
               Alava
            
             ,
             and
             
               Pedro
               Martinez
            
             his
             brother
             ,
             with
             others
             of
             their
             kindred
             ,
             seeing
             ,
             and
             knowing
             that
             hee
             brought
             particular
             orders
             against
             them
             from
             the
             Iunta
             at
             Tordesillas
             (
             where
             the
             Deputie
             ,
             and
             his
             kinsmen
             ,
             had
             been
             proclaimed
             Traitors
             )
             they
             thought
             it
             a
             thing
             much
             conducing
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ,
             and
             their
             own
             securitie
             ,
             to
             apprehend
             this
             Judg
             ,
             which
             to
             effect
             ,
             the
             sons
             of
             
               Don
               Fernando
               de
               Alava
            
             ,
             
             Governor
             of
             Bernedo
             ,
             and
             
               Iohn
               de
               Alava
            
             his
             cosen
             germane
             ,
             with
             twentie
             men
             ,
             besides
             other
             friends
             and
             servants
             ,
             went
             to
             the
             Judge's
             lodging
             ,
             took
             him
             and
             his
             servants
             out
             of
             their
             beds
             ,
             clap't
             irons
             upon
             them
             ,
             and
             carried
             them
             to
             the
             Fort
             of
             Bernedo
             ,
             and
             took
             away
             the
             Orders
             which
             hee
             brought
             from
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             wherein
             they
             gave
             the
             charge
             of
             Governor
             and
             Captain
             General
             to
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Ayala
            
             ,
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             from
             the
             Citie
             of
             Burgos
             to
             
               Fuente
               Ravia
            
             .
             The
             Judg
             remained
             under
             safe
             custodie
             in
             the
             Fort
             ,
             in
             mean
             time
             the
             Gentlemen
             ,
             who
             carried
             him
             thither
             ,
             returned
             to
             Vitoria
             ,
             where
             they
             found
             the
             People
             much
             distempered
             ,
             and
             murmuring
             at
             those
             men's
             imprisonment
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XIX
             .
          
           
             'MOngst
             these
             Occurrences
             came
             an
             Express
             from
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             with
             Letters
             ,
             notifying
             to
             those
             of
             Vitoria
             ,
             and
             the
             Province
             of
             Alava
             ,
             the
             Orders
             which
             his
             majestie
             had
             sent
             him
             ,
             encharging
             him
             with
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             and
             commanding
             all
             his
             Subjects
             ,
             to
             obey
             him
             as
             their
             Vice-Roy
             and
             Governor
             .
             But
             those
             of
             Alava
             ,
             beeing
             much
             inclined
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             said
             ,
             That
             they
             were
             upon
             a
             certain
             agreement
             with
             those
             of
             the
             Province
             of
             Guipuzcoa
             ,
             which
             beeing
             concluded
             ,
             they
             would
             obey
             as
             far
             as
             they
             were
             obliged
             .
             But
             the
             Deputie
             
               Diego
               Martinez
            
             ,
             and
             all
             his
             friends
             ,
             received
             the
             said
             notification
             with
             due
             respect
             .
             The
             Citie
             of
             Vitoria
             returned
             an
             answer
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             but
             would
             not
             give
             him
             the
             title
             of
             Governor
             ;
             whereupon
             som
             words
             passed
             between
             
               Iohn
               de
               Alava
            
             ,
             &
             the
             rest
             ,
             who
             bade
             him
             ,
             in
             scurvie
             terms
             ,
             go
             out
             of
             the
             Assemblie
             ;
             but
             he
             boldly
             answered
             ,
             Get
             you
             gon
             ,
             like
             Traitors
             and
             Rebels
             :
             for
             which
             words
             ,
             they
             caused
             him
             to
             bee
             apprehended
             .
             In
             this
             interim
             ,
             a
             Priest
             ,
             from
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             desired
             to
             have
             conference
             with
             those
             of
             the
             Assemblie
             :
             which
             the
             Deputie
             ,
             
               Diego
               Martinez
            
             ,
             knowing
             ,
             privately
             stole
             out
             from
             the
             rest
             ,
             and
             laid
             hands
             upon
             this
             Priest
             ,
             clapt
             him
             in
             prison
             ,
             and
             having
             opened
             his
             packet
             ,
             hee
             found
             several
             Letters
             to
             Friers
             ,
             and
             other
             particular
             men
             ,
             desiring
             them
             to
             induce
             the
             people
             to
             denie
             their
             obedience
             to
             the
             Governors
             .
             This
             bred
             a
             main
             disorder
             ,
             and
             libels
             were
             scattered
             about
             by
             the
             people
             :
             yet
             Martinez
             ,
             &
             
               Pedro
               de
               Alava
            
             ,
             with
             all
             those
             of
             their
             kindred
             and
             alliance
             ,
             resolutely
             determined
             to
             maintein
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Interest
             ,
             pressing
             and
             requiring
             all
             the
             rest
             to
             subscribe
             also
             to
             his
             Commands
             ;
             if
             not
             ,
             they
             protested
             against
             them
             ,
             styling
             them
             no
             otherwise
             ,
             then
             Rebellious
             and
             disloial
             Traitors
             .
             Of
             all
             which
             proceedings
             ,
             they
             sent
             information
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             and
             hee
             to
             the
             Council
             Roial
             ,
             (
             who
             then
             resided
             at
             Castroxeriz
             )
             .
             Those
             of
             Vitoria
             ,
             seeing
             their
             fidelitie
             brought
             into
             question
             ,
             resolved
             to
             submit
             ,
             and
             sent
             their
             Letters
             to
             that
             effect
             ,
             promising
             all
             obedience
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             beseeching
             him
             to
             pardon
             their
             former
             extravagancies
             
             and
             inconsidtrateness
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             would
             give
             order
             to
             burn
             those
             Informations
             ,
             which
             
               Diego
               Martinez
               de
               Alava
            
             had
             sent
             to
             him
             against
             them
             ;
             which
             hee
             did
             .
             So
             by
             the
             diligence
             and
             resolution
             of
             
               Diego
               Martinez
               de
               Alava
            
             ,
             and
             other
             Gentlemen
             of
             his
             name
             and
             familie
             ,
             the
             Citie
             of
             Vitoria
             was
             reduced
             ,
             and
             continued
             afterwards
             their
             Loialtie
             and
             obedience
             to
             his
             Majestie
             .
             All
             these
             passages
             were
             in
             the
             year
             1520
             ,
             and
             the
             beginning
             of
             1521
             ▪
             The
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             seeing
             that
             no
             reason
             would
             sati●fie
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             endeavored
             to
             do
             him
             what
             mischief
             hee
             could
             .
             Hee
             took
             from
             him
             the
             Town
             and
             Castle
             of
             Empudia
             ,
             and
             put
             a
             Garrison
             of
             his
             own
             therein
             ,
             who
             (
             as
             you
             have
             heard
             )
             were
             again
             forced
             to
             quit
             that
             ,
             and
             other
             places
             ,
             by
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ;
             In
             which
             time
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             having
             picked
             up
             a
             number
             of
             people
             out
             of
             the
             Merindades
             ,
             besides
             his
             own
             servants
             and
             souldiers
             ,
             hee
             led
             them
             as
             far
             as
             the
             Monasterie
             of
             
               San
               ●an
               Salvador
               de
               On̄a
            
             ,
             wit●
             intent
             to
             go
             recover
             Empudia
             ;
             but
             beeing
             informed
             there
             ,
             that
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             had
             already
             taken
             it
             ,
             hee
             changed
             his
             resolution
             ,
             
             and
             turned
             his
             Forces
             towards
             Vitoria
             ,
             threatning
             to
             burn
             it
             to
             the
             ground
             ,
             if
             they
             did
             not
             renounce
             their
             obedience
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             and
             deliver
             the
             Deputie
             
               Diego
               Martinez
            
             ,
             and
             his
             brother
             ,
             into
             his
             hands
             .
             The
             Citie
             ,
             beeing
             not
             a
             little
             stagger'd
             and
             affrighted
             at
             these
             high
             menaces
             ,
             sent
             messengers
             to
             the
             Earl
             ,
             with
             great
             submissions
             ,
             which
             so
             much
             abated
             his
             furie
             ,
             that
             all
             the
             month
             of
             Ianuarie
             ,
             1521
             ,
             they
             remained
             unmolested
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XX.
             
          
           
             HIs
             Majestie
             's
             Royal
             Council
             beeing
             at
             Briviesca
             ,
             and
             hearing
             what
             notable
             service
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Xuarez
               de
               Velasco
            
             ,
             Lord
             of
             Cuscurrita
             ,
             and
             Dean
             of
             Burgos
             ,
             had
             done
             his
             Majestie
             in
             that
             Citie
             ,
             and
             how
             couragiously
             hee
             had
             behaved
             himself
             ,
             they
             sent
             for
             him
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             not
             knowing
             what
             danger
             might
             befall
             ,
             took
             about
             twentie
             Gentlemen
             and
             servants
             on
             horsback
             with
             him
             ,
             all
             well
             armed
             ,
             with
             green
             Coates
             over
             their
             Armor
             ,
             that
             no
             bodie
             could
             discern
             any
             thing
             ,
             besides
             the
             hounds
             and
             hawks
             they
             carried
             with
             them
             ,
             made
             no
             creature
             suspect
             any
             other
             ,
             then
             
             that
             hee
             went
             out
             to
             take
             his
             pleasure
             .
             Beeing
             arrived
             at
             Briviesca
             ,
             the
             Council
             gave
             him
             order
             to
             subdue
             the
             seven
             Merindades
             of
             old
             Castilla
             ,
             who
             were
             up
             in
             Arms.
             Whereof
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             would
             have
             excused
             himself
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             it
             was
             not
             suitable
             with
             his
             Coat
             to
             command
             Souldiers
             ;
             (
             for
             hee
             went
             in
             the
             habit
             of
             a
             Priest
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             his
             Deanry
             .
             )
             But
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             answered
             ,
             that
             although
             hee
             were
             effectively
             a
             Priest
             ,
             (
             much
             more
             having
             onely
             the
             habit
             of
             one
             )
             hee
             ought
             to
             change
             his
             surplice
             into
             a
             suit
             of
             Armor
             ,
             especially
             in
             cases
             wherein
             the
             service
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             the
             King
             ,
             was
             so
             much
             concerned
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             seeing
             it
             was
             in
             vain
             to
             expostulate
             any
             further
             ,
             resolved
             to
             put
             their
             Commands
             in
             execution
             ,
             and
             considering
             hee
             was
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable's
             Son
             ,
             discreetly
             valiant
             ,
             and
             beloved
             of
             every
             bodie
             ,
             many
             Gentlemen
             ,
             and
             persons
             of
             qualitie
             ,
             offered
             themselvs
             to
             venture
             their
             fortunes
             with
             him
             .
             Beeing
             arrived
             within
             a
             league
             of
             
               Medina
               de
               Pumar
            
             ,
             (
             which
             was
             hard
             by
             those
             Commoners
             ,
             whom
             hee
             went
             to
             suppress
             )
             they
             had
             intelligence
             of
             his
             approach
             ,
             and
             forthwith
             disposed
             themselvs
             to
             give
             him
             battle
             ;
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             though
             hee
             had
             nothing
             neer
             so
             many
             men
             ,
             resolved
             however
             to
             conquer
             them
             ,
             or
             die
             in
             the
             combat
             ;
             So
             having
             passed
             over
             a
             wooden
             Bridg
             ,
             hee
             gave
             them
             so
             hot
             and
             furious
             a
             charge
             ,
             
             that
             they
             quickly
             shewed
             their
             backsides
             ,
             and
             scattering
             themselvs
             in
             a
             disorderly
             manner
             ,
             they
             sought
             their
             securitie
             amongst
             the
             Craggie
             mountains
             ,
             hee
             pursued
             them
             as
             far
             as
             hee
             could
             ,
             and
             staid
             some
             time
             ,
             thinking
             they
             might
             rallie
             ,
             but
             hee
             heard
             no
             more
             of
             them
             .
             So
             hee
             returned
             Victorious
             ,
             and
             lost
             not
             one
             of
             his
             men
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXI
             .
          
           
             IN
             the
             month
             of
             March
             ,
             of
             the
             same
             year
             ,
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             seeing
             that
             they
             exceedingly
             wanted
             Artillerie
             ,
             in
             regard
             the
             Commoners
             possessed
             all
             that
             which
             was
             in
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             hee
             gave
             order
             to
             fetch
             away
             that
             which
             the
             Catholick
             Kings
             had
             in
             store
             at
             
               Fuente
               Ravia
               .
               Don
               Sancho
               de
               Velasco
            
             was
             presently
             dispatched
             thither
             ,
             with
             Commission
             to
             bring
             the
             Munition
             over
             land
             ,
             and
             the
             Artillerie
             by
             sea
             to
             Bilbao
             ,
             thence
             to
             
             Vitoria
             ,
             and
             so
             to
             Burgos
             .
             The
             Iunta
             (
             then
             at
             Tordesillas
             )
             having
             intelligence
             hereof
             ,
             presently
             sent
             to
             advertise
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             that
             hee
             might
             prepare
             forces
             and
             intercept
             the
             Artillerie
             ;
             Who
             used
             such
             diligence
             ,
             that
             in
             short
             time
             ,
             hee
             had
             raised
             ,
             amongst
             his
             friends
             and
             tenants
             ,
             above
             ten
             thousand
             men
             .
             And
             a
             Gentleman
             named
             
               Gonçalo
               de
               Varahona
            
             ,
             Captain
             of
             the
             said
             Earl's
             forces
             ,
             went
             to
             the
             Merindades
             ,
             and
             of
             those
             men
             which
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Xuarez
               de
               Velasco
            
             had
             routed
             and
             dissipated
             ,
             hee
             rallied
             so
             many
             as
             made
             up
             the
             number
             of
             almost
             fourteen
             thousand
             (
             the
             like
             Armie
             was
             never
             known
             to
             bee
             raised
             in
             those
             parts
             ,
             in
             so
             short
             a
             time
             )
             with
             these
             men
             hee
             took
             the
             Munition
             that
             came
             by
             land
             ;
             and
             hearing
             that
             the
             Artillerie
             (
             which
             was
             seven
             great
             pieces
             of
             Ordnance
             )
             was
             coming
             from
             Bilbao
             to
             Vitoria
             ,
             
             convoied
             by
             seventeen
             hundred
             men
             ,
             whereof
             many
             were
             Gentlemen
             of
             note
             of
             Biscaya
             ,
             besides
             the
             
               Alcalde
               Leguizama
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Corregidor
             of
             Vitoria
             ;
             the
             third
             of
             March
             ,
             hee
             marched
             with
             his
             whole
             Armie
             nine
             leagues
             that
             daie
             ,
             and
             night
             ,
             the
             next
             morning
             by
             break
             of
             daie
             hee
             came
             into
             the
             Vallie
             of
             Arretia
             ,
             where
             the
             Artillerie
             was
             ▪
             
               Don
               Sancho
               de
               Velasco
            
             and
             his
             men
             ,
             giving
             all
             for
             lost
             ,
             dis-mounted
             their
             Cannon
             ,
             and
             taking
             away
             the
             Carriages
             ,
             and
             their
             Mules
             ,
             shifted
             for
             themselvs
             .
             The
             Earl
             seized
             on
             the
             Artillerie
             ,
             but
             not
             beeing
             able
             to
             carrie
             it
             away
             ,
             hee
             caused
             it
             to
             bee
             broke
             in
             pieces
             .
             This
             done
             ,
             the
             Earl
             returned
             with
             his
             Armie
             to
             the
             Vallie
             of
             Ayala
             ,
             having
             som
             intelligence
             ,
             and
             encouragement
             from
             som
             of
             his
             friends
             within
             the
             Citie
             ,
             to
             fall
             upon
             Vitoria
             ,
             which
             was
             very
             pleasing
             to
             his
             Captain
             
               Gonçalo
               de
               Varahona
            
             ,
             and
             other
             Officers
             .
             The
             report
             flying
             about
             ,
             that
             hee
             intended
             to
             sack
             Vitoria
             ,
             made
             a
             number
             of
             rabbling
             people
             join
             ,
             which
             swelled
             his
             Armie
             to
             fifteen
             ,
             or
             sixteen
             thousand
             ,
             but
             most
             of
             them
             were
             ill
             armed
             ,
             and
             wors
             disciplined
             .
             Hee
             pitched
             his
             camp
             in
             the
             plain
             of
             Arriaga
             ,
             one
             quarter
             of
             a
             league
             from
             Vitoria
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Abbat
             of
             
               Santa
               Pia
            
             ,
             and
             
               Fray
               Diego
               de
               Arna
            
             ,
             a
             Dominican
             Frier
             ,
             beeing
             persons
             ,
             whom
             the
             Earl
             particularly
             
             esteemed
             and
             effected
             ,
             went
             to
             him
             in
             his
             Camp
             ,
             desiring
             and
             conjuring
             him
             not
             to
             enter
             into
             the
             Citie
             .
             So
             falling
             upon
             a
             Treatie
             of
             agreement
             ,
             hee
             demanded
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             denie
             their
             obedience
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             would
             deliver
             unto
             him
             the
             Deputie
             
               Diego
               Martinez
               de
               Alava
            
             ,
             with
             his
             brother
             ,
             and
             certain
             others
             of
             his
             kindred
             .
             The
             Cit●zens
             believing
             that
             if
             those
             Gentlemen
             were
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             the
             Earl's
             furie
             might
             bee
             the
             better
             appeased
             ,
             earnestly
             desired
             them
             to
             absent
             themselvs
             ,
             which
             they
             did
             ,
             and
             carried
             their
             wives
             and
             families
             with
             them
             to
             Trevin̄o
             ,
             a
             Town
             belonging
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             Naxara
             ,
             where
             they
             exspected
             
               Don
               Manrique
            
             ,
             his
             son
             ,
             with
             som
             forces
             from
             Navarra
             .
             The
             Citie
             beeing
             in
             this
             perplexitie
             ,
             som
             who
             had
             relation
             to
             
               Don
               Alvaro
               de
               Mendoça
            
             ,
             Lord
             of
             
               Mendoça
               de
               Arriva
            
             ,
             (
             who
             was
             an
             intimate
             friend
             with
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             )
             beseeched
             him
             for
             Alvaro's
             sake
             ,
             not
             to
             use
             any
             violence
             to
             that
             Citie
             .
             But
             hee
             briskly
             answered
             ,
             That
             they
             had
             not
             performed
             their
             promises
             to
             him
             .
             At
             last
             ,
             to
             satisfie
             him
             ,
             they
             concluded
             ,
             That
             hee
             should
             enter
             ,
             with
             his
             colors
             flying
             ,
             at
             the
             gate
             of
             Arriaga
             ,
             and
             march
             out
             again
             at
             the
             gate
             of
             
               Santa
               Clara.
            
             Whil'st
             this
             was
             arguing
             ,
             com's
             
               El
               Licenciado
               Aguirre
            
             ,
             (
             who
             was
             one
             of
             the
             Council
             )
             saying
             ,
             That
             they
             ought
             not
             to
             open
             the
             gates
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             and
             that
             whosoever
             should
             do
             it
             ,
             were
             Traitors
             .
             Those
             that
             were
             present
             gave
             him
             a
             very
             rude
             answer
             ,
             and
             had
             laien
             violent
             hands
             on
             him
             ,
             if
             
               Lope
               de
               Xuaço
            
             ,
             and
             som
             others
             ,
             had
             not
             suddenly
             conveied
             him
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             from
             whence
             hee
             went
             to
             staie
             with
             
               Diego
               Martinez
               de
               Alava
            
             ,
             
             and
             the
             rest
             ,
             at
             Trevin̄o
             .
             The
             Earl
             came
             not
             into
             Vitoria
             himself
             ,
             but
             sent
             his
             Captain
             
               Gonçalo
               de
               Varahona
            
             ,
             mean
             time
             hee
             went
             to
             a
             place
             called
             Ondagoya
             ,
             in
             the
             Vallie
             of
             Quartango
             .
             Those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             sent
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             thanks
             for
             the
             favor
             hee
             had
             done
             them
             ,
             in
             taking
             that
             Artillerie
             which
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             (
             they
             said
             )
             intended
             to
             carrie
             against
             ●alencia
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             join
             with
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Cavaliers
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XXIII
             .
          
           
             THis
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             
             (
             who
             was
             also
             Earl
             of
             the
             Vallies
             of
             
               Ayala
               ,
               Quartango
            
             and
             
               San
               Milan
            
             )
             was
             a
             man
             of
             a
             monstrous
             hautie
             and
             terrible
             disposition
             .
             It
             happened
             ,
             when
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             sent
             to
             him
             ,
             desiring
             him
             to
             wage
             War
             with
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             and
             intercept
             his
             Artillerie
             ,
             that
             hee
             then
             was
             with
             his
             Armie
             before
             Briviesca
             ,
             and
             without
             returning
             any
             answer
             to
             their
             Letters
             ,
             hee
             presently
             raised
             his
             siege
             .
             The
             Messengers
             of
             the
             Iunta
             thought
             thereby
             ,
             that
             hee
             had
             no
             intent
             to
             act
             according
             to
             the
             contents
             of
             the
             Letters
             ,
             which
             they
             delivered
             him
             ,
             and
             were
             very
             angrie
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             hee
             did
             onely
             make
             a
             shew
             of
             favor
             and
             friendship
             to
             them
             ,
             for
             now
             the
             Common●ltie
             having
             need
             of
             him
             ,
             hee
             would
             do
             nothing
             for
             them
             .
             These
             words
             were
             brought
             to
             his
             ears
             ,
             whereupon
             hee
             wrote
             to
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             
             and
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             expressing
             much
             distaste
             and
             anger
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             harbor
             any
             such
             thought
             of
             him
             ,
             saying
             ,
             that
             hee
             came
             not
             of
             the
             race
             of
             any
             pedling
             mercenarie
             fellows
             ,
             nor
             of
             Traitors
             ,
             but
             lineally
             was
             descended
             from
             the
             sto●k
             of
             the
             Loyall
             Nobilitie
             of
             the
             Gottish
             King
             's
             of
             Spain
             .
             This
             murmuring
             against
             him
             ,
             by
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             did
             so
             distemper
             him
             ,
             that
             the
             blood
             gushed
             out
             at
             his
             nose
             and
             mouth
             for
             meer
             anger
             ,
             and
             cast
             him
             into
             a
             sickness
             ,
             which
             had
             like
             to
             have
             cost
             him
             his
             life
             .
             After
             this
             ,
             hee
             sent
             to
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             and
             Valladolid
             ,
             desiring
             them
             to
             have
             a
             care
             that
             his
             Town
             and
             Castle
             of
             Empudia
             ,
             should
             not
             bee
             destroied
             ,
             nor
             spoiled
             in
             the
             re-taking
             ,
             although
             hee
             knew
             the
             King
             would
             not
             suffer
             him
             to
             enjoy
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXIV
             .
          
           
             THe
             Gentlemen
             of
             Vitoria
             ,
             who
             were
             retired
             at
             Trevin̄o
             ,
             sent
             to
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             and
             Duke
             of
             Naxara
             for
             succor
             ;
             The
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             sent
             them
             four
             hundred
             Foot
             Souldiers
             ,
             and
             one
             hundred
             hors
             .
             The
             same
             night
             they
             arrived
             at
             
               la
               Puebla
               de
               Argançon
            
             ,
             the
             Deputie
             
               Diego
               Martinez
            
             went
             with
             them
             to
             suppress
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             at
             Andagoya
             ,
             but
             hee
             having
             
             notice
             of
             their
             design
             ,
             shewed
             them
             a
             pair
             of
             nimble
             heels
             .
             Beeing
             entred
             into
             the
             Town
             ,
             they
             went
             presently
             to
             his
             hous
             ,
             which
             having
             throughly
             ransacked
             ,
             they
             burned
             to
             the
             ground
             ;
             which
             done
             ,
             they
             returned
             to
             
               la
               Puebla
            
             .
             The
             next
             daie
             arrived
             at
             
               Trevin̄o
               ,
               Don
               Manrique
               de
               Lara
               ,
            
             the
             Duke
             of
             Naxara's
             eldest
             son
             ,
             with
             two
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             and
             fourtie
             hors
             .
             Hee
             ,
             and
             the
             Deputie
             ,
             with
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Gentlemen
             there
             ,
             resolved
             to
             go
             to
             Vitoria
             ,
             and
             inflict
             condigne
             punishment
             upon
             some
             of
             the
             factious
             ,
             and
             encourage
             those
             of
             the
             Loyal
             Partie
             .
             The
             Inhabitants
             of
             Vitoria
             ,
             beeing
             unwilling
             to
             receiv
             so
             many
             souldiers
             into
             the
             Citie
             ,
             sent
             messengers
             to
             Trevin̄o
             ,
             desiring
             
               Don
               Manrique
            
             not
             to
             bring
             his
             souldiers
             thither
             ,
             but
             they
             could
             not
             prevail
             .
             So
             those
             men
             which
             
               Don
               Manrique
            
             brought
             ,
             and
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable's
             ,
             entred
             all
             into
             Vitoria
             ,
             as
             also
             the
             Deputie
             with
             all
             his
             kindred
             .
             The
             next
             daie
             ,
             beeing
             Fridaie
             ,
             
               Don
               Manrique
            
             marched
             to
             the
             Town
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             which
             was
             the
             Earl's
             ,
             and
             took
             it
             with
             the
             Castle
             also
             ,
             both
             which
             ,
             hee
             gave
             the
             Deputie
             
               Diego
               Martinez
            
             charge
             to
             keep
             for
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             leaving
             him
             two
             hundred
             souldiers
             ;
             with
             the
             which
             
               Diego
               Martinez
            
             marched
             from
             Salvatierra
             ,
             to
             a
             place
             called
             Gauna
             ,
             where
             the
             ●arl
             had
             another
             strong
             hous
             ,
             which
             having
             burnt
             ,
             hee
             returned
             to
             Salvatierra
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Manrique
            
             the
             Sundaie
             following
             ,
             went
             back
             to
             Vitoria
             .
             The
             Earl
             seeing
             they
             had
             taken
             his
             Town
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             and
             burnt
             his
             other
             houses
             ,
             went
             to
             the
             Valley
             of
             Quartango
             ,
             and
             raised
             four
             thousand
             eight
             hundred
             men
             with
             his
             servants
             .
             
               Hurtado
               Diez
               de
               Mendoça
            
             ,
             hearing
             this
             ,
             came
             to
             Vitoria
             ,
             and
             advertised
             
               Don
               Manrique
            
             of
             all
             particulars
             ;
             Whereupon
             hee
             presently
             marched
             with
             his
             men
             to
             Quartango
             .
             The
             Earl
             staied
             not
             to
             make
             him
             welcom
             ,
             but
             fled
             with
             all
             his
             men
             to
             the
             mountains
             ;
             So
             
               Don
               Manrique's
            
             men
             pillaged
             all
             the
             Valley
             ,
             burned
             down
             the
             Towers
             of
             Andagoya
             ,
             and
             Morillas
             .
             Thence
             hee
             marched
             towards
             the
             Merindades
             ,
             where
             hee
             did
             no
             great
             harm
             ,
             the
             people
             submitting
             themselvs
             to
             him
             ,
             onely
             hee
             burned
             some
             houses
             of
             
               Gonçalo
               Varahona's
            
             ,
             thence
             hee
             went
             to
             Burgos
             ,
             where
             hee
             joyned
             his
             forces
             with
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             who
             was
             then
             preparing
             for
             the
             battle
             of
             
               Villalar
               .
               Gonçalo
               Varahona
            
             ,
             and
             one
             Captain
             Brizuela
             ,
             after
             
               Don
               Manrique's
            
             departure
             out
             of
             the
             Merindades
             ,
             
             did
             a
             world
             of
             mischief
             in
             the
             houses
             of
             those
             ,
             that
             had
             agreed
             and
             made
             their
             peace
             with
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             at
             the
             Town
             of
             Valpuesta
             ,
             hee
             killed
             one
             Salazar
             a
             Batchellor
             at
             Law
             ,
             and
             burnt
             his
             hous
             ,
             from
             thence
             hee
             went
             to
             the
             Valley
             of
             Ayala
             ,
             where
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             was
             :
             Where
             they
             remained
             until
             April
             next
             following
             ,
             raising
             men
             ,
             as
             fast
             as
             they
             could
             ,
             to
             go
             against
             Vitoria
             and
             Salvatierra
             .
             Whereof
             the
             Citie
             beeing
             advertised
             ,
             they
             put
             themselvs
             in
             a
             posture
             to
             resist
             him
             ,
             got
             munition
             from
             the
             Sea-side
             ,
             made
             readie
             their
             ordnance
             ,
             mustred
             their
             ●en
             (
             which
             were
             but
             six
             hundred
             fit
             to
             bear
             Arms
             ,
             besides
             two
             hundred
             Souldiers
             .
             )
             The
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             sent
             them
             from
             his
             Towns
             of
             
               Haro
               ,
               la
               Puebla
            
             ,
             and
             
               San
               Vicente
            
             ,
             two
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             men
             more
             ,
             besides
             two
             troops
             of
             light
             hors-men
             .
             Hee
             sent
             moreover
             Commissions
             of
             Captains
             General
             of
             the
             Mountains
             ,
             and
             those
             parts
             ,
             to
             
               Martyn
               Ruyz
               de
               Avendan̄o
               y
               de
               Gamboa
               ,
            
             and
             to
             
               Gomez
               Gonçalez
               de
               Butron
               y
               de
               Mugica
               .
            
             Upon
             receipt
             whereof
             
               Martyn
               Ruyz
               de
               Avendan̄o
            
             came
             to
             Vitoria
             ,
             and
             with
             the
             men
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             those
             that
             came
             from
             other
             places
             ,
             resolved
             to
             give
             the
             Earl
             battle
             .
             Hereupon
             the
             Deputie
             
               Diego
               Martinez
               de
               Alava
            
             ,
             repaired
             speedily
             to
             Salvatierra
             ,
             to
             defend
             that
             ,
             in
             case
             the
             Earl
             should
             make
             any
             attempt
             upon
             it
             .
             Beeing
             arrived
             there
             ,
             hee
             would
             have
             sent
             his
             Son
             to
             the
             Castle
             of
             Bernedo
             ,
             whereof
             hee
             was
             Governor
             ,
             but
             the
             Towns-men
             would
             not
             suffer
             him
             ,
             and
             offred
             to
             apprehend
             him
             ,
             whereupon
             there
             arose
             great
             disorder
             ,
             and
             hee
             was
             enforced
             to
             retire
             into
             the
             Fort.
             Divers
             of
             the
             Towns-men
             ,
             having
             relation
             to
             the
             Earl
             ,
             were
             very
             desirous
             that
             hee
             should
             repossess
             it
             ,
             and
             therefore
             sent
             him
             intelligence
             privately
             ,
             that
             
               Diego
               Martinez
            
             ,
             and
             his
             Sons
             ,
             were
             in
             a
             manner
             prisoners
             ,
             and
             that
             now
             was
             the
             onely
             time
             for
             him
             to
             fall
             upon
             the
             Town
             .
             Whereof
             hee
             beeing
             very
             well
             pleased
             ,
             made
             all
             the
             haste
             he
             could
             from
             Quartango
             to
             Salvatierra
             ,
             but
             was
             met
             in
             the
             waie
             by
             the
             hors
             of
             Vitoria
             ,
             who
             took
             some
             of
             his
             men
             prisoners
             ,
             however
             hee
             marched
             on
             ,
             and
             
               Gonçalo
               Varahona
            
             staied
             behïnde
             ;
             The
             next
             daie
             about
             midnight
             ●ee
             arrived
             at
             one
             of
             the
             Gates
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             called
             
               San
               Iuan
            
             ,
             and
             his
             men
             cried
             
               Ayala
               ,
               Ayala
            
             ;
             Which
             the
             Deputie's
             men
             (
             who
             were
             upon
             the
             guard
             )
             hearing
             ,
             put
             themselvs
             in
             a
             posture
             of
             defence
             ,
             and
             discharged
             
             some
             of
             their
             Ordnance
             ,
             which
             killed
             and
             hurt
             some
             of
             his
             Souldiers
             .
             The
             Earl
             himself
             ,
             beeing
             very
             neer
             the
             Gate
             ,
             they
             flung
             down
             a
             great
             squar'd
             stone
             ,
             which
             raked
             his
             shoulders
             as
             it
             fell
             ,
             and
             quite
             spoiled
             his
             hors
             ,
             that
             made
             him
             retreat
             further
             off
             till
             daie-break
             ,
             by
             which
             time
             
               Gonçalo
               Varahona
            
             had
             brought
             the
             rest
             of
             his
             men
             ,
             so
             they
             marched
             all
             in
             a
             bodie
             to
             a
             place
             called
             Vicun̄a
             ,
             where
             they
             burned
             five
             houses
             belonging
             to
             
               Diego
               Martinez
               de
               Alava
            
             .
             And
             the
             Earl
             having
             intelligence
             that
             the
             Town
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             and
             the
             Deputie
             ,
             were
             reconciled
             ,
             and
             stood
             upon
             the
             defensive
             ,
             having
             no
             Artillerie
             with
             him
             ,
             nor
             finding
             any
             refreshment
             for
             his
             men
             ,
             the
             people
             beeing
             all
             fled
             to
             the
             Mountains
             ,
             hee
             relinquished
             his
             design
             .
             But
             upon
             his
             retreat
             ,
             a
             Partie
             of
             hors
             with
             some
             Foot
             ,
             sallied
             out
             of
             Vitoria
             ,
             and
             took
             divers
             of
             his
             men
             at
             Alegria
             ,
             with
             whom
             returning
             to
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             giving
             notice
             of
             the
             order
             ,
             or
             rather
             disorder
             ,
             of
             the
             Earl's
             Armie
             ,
             they
             concluded
             to
             fight
             them
             ;
             To
             which
             purpose
             all
             the
             hors
             and
             Foot
             marched
             out
             ,
             and
             Captain
             
               Ochoa
               de
               Asua
            
             was
             sent
             before
             to
             hinder
             him
             from
             passing
             the
             bridg
             of
             Durana
             ;
             But
             his
             hors
             beeing
             already
             passed
             ,
             they
             made
             it
             good
             till
             the
             Foot
             was
             all
             over
             ,
             by
             which
             time
             the
             whole
             bodie
             of
             the
             Vitorians
             was
             come
             up
             .
             
             The
             Earl
             at
             first
             made
             as
             if
             hee
             would
             fight
             ,
             but
             they
             plaied
             so
             hot
             upon
             him
             with
             their
             muskets
             ,
             that
             seeing
             his
             men
             drop
             so
             fast
             ,
             hee
             rod
             awaie
             with
             onely
             one
             Page
             ,
             which
             seeing
             his
             men
             began
             to
             follow
             him
             :
             
               Gonçalo
               Varahona
            
             valiantly
             staied
             behind
             ,
             crying
             to
             his
             men
             to
             stand
             .
             Captain
             Valenzuela
             encountred
             him
             ,
             and
             took
             him
             prisoner
             ,
             who
             ,
             with
             six
             hundred
             of
             his
             men
             ,
             much
             pillage
             ,
             and
             divers
             Colours
             ,
             were
             all
             carried
             to
             
               Vitoria
               ;
               Martin
               Ruyz
               de
               Avendan̄●
               ,
            
             
             who
             was
             present
             at
             the
             sight
             ,
             committed
             
               Gonçalo
               Varahona
            
             to
             
               Pedro
               de
               Alava's
            
             hous
             for
             the
             present
             ,
             and
             few
             daies
             after
             ,
             hee
             was
             beheaded
             in
             the
             great
             market
             place
             ,
             whereof
             an
             express
             was
             sent
             to
             give
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             notice
             ,
             who
             was
             then
             upon
             going
             to
             Villalar
             ,
             where
             ,
             a
             short
             time
             after
             ,
             the
             battle
             was
             given
             ,
             which
             was
             the
             ruine
             and
             break-neck
             of
             the
             Commoners
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XXV
             .
          
           
             TO
             relate
             all
             the
             troubles
             which
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             had
             with
             those
             of
             Burgos
             ,
             and
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             would
             fill
             whole
             Volumes
             .
             I
             shall
             now
             onely
             cursarily
             mention
             ,
             what
             was
             done
             in
             order
             to
             the
             conclusion
             of
             the
             Treatie
             and
             Articles
             ,
             
             which
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Laodicea
             brought
             ,
             concerning
             the
             reducing
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             .
             Four
             daies
             Ortiz
             remained
             in
             Tordesillas
             ,
             exspecting
             until
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             had
             consulted
             of
             those
             Articles
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             and
             given
             him
             the
             result
             of
             their
             determination
             .
             But
             in
             daie
             time
             hee
             durst
             not
             go
             abroad
             ,
             so
             that
             his
             negotiation
             was
             onely
             in
             the
             night
             ,
             (
             for
             there
             is
             no
             War
             so
             dangerous
             as
             that
             betwixt
             kindred
             ,
             and
             people
             of
             the
             same
             Nation
             and
             Language
             )
             .
             At
             last
             hee
             was
             dispatch't
             ,
             but
             hee
             was
             fain
             to
             carrie
             their
             Answer
             in
             his
             memorie
             ,
             not
             daring
             to
             have
             any
             writing
             about
             him
             ,
             ●o
             hee
             went
             coasting
             and
             crossing
             the
             Countrie
             in
             the
             night
             ,
             until
             hee
             came
             into
             the
             high-waie
             of
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             that
             if
             hee
             should
             meet
             any
             of
             the
             Commoners
             ,
             they
             might
             think
             hee
             came
             from
             Medina
             ,
             and
             was
             going
             to
             Valladolid
             ;
             where
             ,
             by
             break
             of
             daie
             ,
             hee
             arrived
             ,
             and
             the
             Guards
             knowing
             him
             at
             the
             Gates
             ,
             let
             him
             in
             without
             difficultie
             ▪
             He
             would
             not
             go
             to
             his
             own
             lodging
             ,
             but
             alighted
             at
             a
             friend's
             hous
             ,
             whence
             hee
             went
             directly
             to
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             ,
             and
             gave
             him
             an
             exact
             account
             of
             what
             hee
             had
             done
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             at
             Tordesillas
             .
             But
             in
             regard
             hee
             had
             not
             full
             satisfaction
             of
             all
             his
             demands
             (
             which
             were
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             procure
             his
             Majestie
             's
             approbation
             and
             allowance
             of
             the
             principal
             Articles
             sent
             him
             by
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             for
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             )
             .
             It
             was
             determined
             ,
             that
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Laodicea
             should
             send
             a
             Friar
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             who
             should
             correspond
             with
             him
             in
             their
             ordinarie
             cypher
             ,
             and
             that
             Ortiz
             should
             likewise
             return
             thither
             ;
             which
             hee
             did
             cunningly
             ,
             without
             giving
             any
             susspition
             ,
             and
             beeing
             dispatched
             ,
             hee
             returned
             to
             Valladolid
             in
             like
             manner
             as
             before
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XXVI
             .
          
           
             IN
             this
             same
             year
             ,
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Toledo
             broke
             out
             into
             the
             like
             disorders
             and
             exorbitancies
             ,
             as
             were
             committed
             in
             other
             parts
             of
             Castilla
             .
             They
             report
             in
             Toledo
             ,
             of
             
               Donia
               Maria
               Pacheco
            
             ,
             wife
             to
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             and
             daughter
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Tendilla
             ,
             that
             shee
             was
             a
             woman
             of
             such
             a
             daring
             and
             resolute
             spirit
             ,
             that
             shee
             was
             the
             greatest
             Instrument
             to
             support
             the
             Commonaltie
             of
             that
             Citie
             .
             And
             (
             if
             wee
             may
             believ
             
               Fray
               Antonio
               de
               Guevara
            
             )
             hee
             relate's
             ,
             that
             shee
             beeing
             com
             into
             the
             Vestrie
             of
             the
             great
             Church
             in
             Toledo
             ,
             to
             take
             away
             the
             Plate
             for
             paiment
             of
             her
             husband's
             souldiers
             ,
             shee
             fell
             upon
             her
             knees
             ,
             beat
             her
             brests
             with
             her
             hands
             ,
             cried
             ,
             sighed
             and
             sobbed
             ,
             two
             torches
             standing
             lighted
             before
             her
             ,
             and
             fell
             into
             a
             kinde
             of
             extasie
             ,
             believing
             the
             deceit
             and
             conjuring
             of
             a
             Morisca
             Witch
             ,
             who
             told
             her
             ,
             that
             her
             husband
             should
             com
             to
             bee
             a
             King
             ,
             or
             somwhat
             near
             it
             .
             Hee
             saith
             manie
             other
             things
             of
             her
             ,
             but
             let
             them
             pass
             ,
             since
             afterwards
             she
             paied
             dear
             enough
             for
             her
             follie
             :
             And
             indeed
             what
             otherwise
             could
             bee
             exspected
             of
             a
             woman
             ,
             that
             doth
             so
             far
             deviate
             from
             the
             rode
             of
             her
             natural
             emploiment
             ,
             as
             to
             throw
             aside
             the
             Distaff
             ,
             and
             the
             Needle
             ,
             and
             busie
             her self
             with
             matters
             of
             State
             ,
             and
             War.
             The
             Towns
             of
             Orgaz
             and
             Ocan̄a
             ,
             with
             the
             favor
             and
             support
             of
             those
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             declared
             likewise
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             and
             did
             a
             thousand
             mischiefs
             and
             affronts
             to
             the
             inhabitants
             of
             Almaguer
             ,
             and
             other
             places
             ;
             for
             the
             remedying
             of
             which
             disorders
             ,
             the
             Governors
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             constituted
             and
             ordeined
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Zun̄iga
            
             to
             bee
             Captain
             General
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Toledo
             ;
             who
             having
             rai●ed
             me●
             at
             Consuegra
             ,
             marched
             into
             the
             field
             to
             put
             their
             commands
             in
             execution
             ,
             what
             success
             hee
             had
             ,
             shall
             bee
             said
             hereafter
             .
             For
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             and
             the
             Cavaliers
             call
             mee
             away
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXVII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             was
             grown
             so
             passionate
             in
             the
             prosecution
             ,
             and
             supporting
             of
             the
             Commonaltie's
             Interests
             ,
             slighting
             the
             Emperor's
             graces
             to
             them
             ,
             and
             beeing
             so
             malitiously
             
             bent
             against
             his
             Council
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             (
             who
             out
             of
             particular
             relations
             did
             desire
             ,
             and
             used
             all
             means
             possible
             to
             procure
             their
             good
             )
             that
             all
             their
             affection
             was
             turned
             into
             hatred
             ,
             and
             their
             favors
             into
             discourtesies
             .
             In
             this
             occurrence
             arrived
             at
             Valladolid
             ,
             a
             certain
             Priest
             ,
             with
             Orders
             from
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             and
             the
             Queen
             ,
             to
             the
             President
             and
             Judges
             of
             the
             Chancerie
             there
             residing
             ,
             wherein
             they
             were
             commanded
             ,
             with
             the
             College
             and
             Universitie
             ,
             forthwith
             to
             depart
             that
             Citie
             .
             This
             coming
             to
             the
             people's
             knowledg
             ,
             they
             were
             exceedingly
             incensed
             therewith
             ,
             seeing
             they
             should
             bee
             deprived
             of
             three
             main
             benefits
             they
             had
             ;
             which
             to
             prevent
             ,
             they
             gave
             out
             that
             those
             Orders
             were
             fals
             ,
             and
             forged
             ,
             or
             counterfeited
             by
             the
             pretended
             Governors
             ,
             who
             studied
             to
             do
             them
             all
             the
             mischief
             they
             could
             .
             And
             they
             determined
             to
             apprehend
             the
             Priest
             that
             brought
             them
             ;
             but
             hee
             sheltered
             himself
             by
             the
             President
             's
             advice
             in
             the
             Chancerie
             .
             Whereupon
             the
             people
             ,
             all
             in
             arms
             ,
             came
             thither
             in
             a
             tumultuous
             manner
             to
             demand
             the
             Priest.
             The
             President
             not
             seeing
             any
             other
             remedie
             ,
             to
             satisfie
             the
             multitude
             ,
             delivered
             him
             to
             them
             ;
             they
             presently
             clap't
             him
             into
             the
             Common
             Gaol
             ,
             where
             leaving
             him
             ,
             they
             returned
             to
             the
             President
             ,
             and
             in
             a
             furious
             peremptorie
             manner
             demanded
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             deliver
             them
             those
             Orders
             which
             the
             Priest
             brought
             him
             ;
             hee
             answered
             ,
             That
             after
             hee
             had
             conferred
             with
             the
             Judges
             thereupon
             ,
             they
             should
             have
             them
             ;
             but
             they
             growing
             more
             insolent
             ,
             told
             him
             ,
             That
             if
             hee
             delivered
             them
             not
             without
             any
             further
             delaie
             ,
             they
             would
             set
             fire
             on
             his
             hous
             .
             The
             President
             ,
             seeing
             their
             mad
             resolution
             ,
             thought
             it
             his
             best
             way
             to
             let
             them
             have
             their
             wills
             .
             Those
             Orders
             beeing
             brought
             ,
             they
             forcibly
             entred
             into
             the
             Chancerie
             ,
             and
             took
             away
             the
             great
             Seal
             also
             ,
             which
             they
             delivered
             to
             persons
             of
             their
             own
             choosing
             .
             In
             the
             Orders
             they
             found
             ,
             how
             the
             Emperor
             commanded
             the
             President
             ,
             with
             the
             fore-named
             ,
             within
             three
             daies
             to
             leav
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             repair
             to
             the
             Governors
             ,
             under
             pain
             of
             beeing
             deprived
             of
             their
             Offices
             ,
             and
             that
             for
             the
             present
             they
             should
             go
             to
             the
             Town
             of
             Arevalo
             ,
             where
             they
             should
             attend
             his
             further
             pleasure
             ,
             in
             regard
             Valladolid
             had
             declined
             his
             service
             ,
             and
             adhered
             to
             those
             that
             were
             Traitors
             to
             his
             Roial
             Crown
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XXVIII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Cavaliers
             sent
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             desiring
             a
             cessation
             for
             ten
             daies
             .
             The
             Major
             part
             Voted
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             not
             consent
             thereunto
             ,
             alledging
             that
             the
             Cavaliers
             would
             break
             it
             ,
             and
             besides
             that
             ,
             they
             would
             never
             have
             demanded
             it
             ,
             but
             to
             recrute
             themselvs
             with
             men
             and
             arms
             ,
             which
             they
             wanted
             .
             At
             last
             they
             returned
             this
             answer
             ,
             that
             each
             partie
             should
             deposite
             five
             thousand
             
               Marcos
               de
               Plata
            
             ,
             or
             marks
             of
             silver
             ,
             in
             some
             faithful
             and
             sure
             person's
             hands
             ,
             and
             whosoever
             should
             break
             the
             peace
             in
             that
             time
             ,
             should
             forfeit
             the
             monie
             ,
             upon
             those
             tearms
             they
             would
             hearken
             to
             them
             ,
             but
             not
             otherwise
             .
             The
             Cavaliers
             refused
             this
             proposition
             ,
             and
             the
             next
             daie
             following
             ,
             they
             sent
             a
             Trumpeter
             with
             a
             Letter
             of
             defiance
             to
             those
             who
             called
             themselvs
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             declaring
             open
             War
             with
             fire
             and
             sword
             against
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             and
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             required
             them
             to
             laie
             down
             their
             Arms
             ,
             disband
             their
             souldiers
             ,
             to
             conform
             themselvs
             to
             those
             whom
             his
             Majestie
             had
             appointed
             Governors
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             and
             obey
             their
             Commands
             as
             they
             ought
             .
             Otherwise
             they
             protested
             to
             hold
             them
             as
             Traitors
             ,
             and
             would
             do
             them
             all
             the
             spoil
             and
             mischief
             that
             in
             them
             laie
             .
             Those
             of
             Valladolid
             answered
             ,
             That
             they
             feared
             them
             not
             ,
             bade
             them
             do
             their
             worst
             ,
             and
             they
             would
             serv
             them
             with
             the
             like
             sauce
             :
             And
             without
             any
             long
             delay
             they
             sent
             to
             those
             in
             Simancas
             ,
             charging
             them
             ,
             both
             men
             ,
             women
             ,
             and
             children
             ,
             presently
             to
             depart
             the
             Town
             ,
             or
             they
             should
             all
             suffer
             death
             without
             reserv
             .
             Thus
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             
             and
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             shewed
             their
             insulting
             pride
             and
             crueltie
             ,
             which
             spake
             them
             rather
             men
             given
             over
             to
             despair
             ,
             then
             capable
             of
             reason
             and
             judgment
             .
             Notwithstanding
             all
             this
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             much
             grieved
             at
             the
             obstinacie
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             
             and
             out
             of
             the
             tender
             affection
             which
             hee
             bare
             to
             that
             Citie
             ,
             wrote
             them
             another
             Letter
             ,
             in
             his
             own
             ,
             and
             the
             Cardinal's
             name
             ,
             inducing
             them
             by
             all
             fair
             means
             possible
             ,
             with
             promises
             of
             satisfaction
             for
             their
             grievances
             ,
             to
             return
             unto
             their
             due
             obedience
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             dis-banding
             their
             A●mies
             ,
             disclaiming
             the
             Interests
             ,
             and
             refusing
             to
             harbor
             or
             assist
             with
             
             their
             men
             ,
             artillerie
             ,
             or
             otherwaies
             any
             of
             the
             disturbers
             of
             the
             peace
             and
             repose
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             assuring
             ,
             that
             if
             they
             would
             do
             so
             ,
             they
             should
             finde
             him
             alwaies
             ready
             to
             do
             them
             all
             the
             good
             offices
             that
             they
             could
             exspect
             or
             desire
             of
             him
             .
             And
             if
             not
             ,
             hee
             protested
             ,
             that
             according
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Command
             ,
             and
             in
             order
             to
             his
             service
             ,
             hee
             would
             proceed
             against
             them
             as
             Delinquents
             ,
             and
             disloial
             subjects
             ;
             and
             that
             hee
             would
             make
             som
             of
             them
             suffer
             such
             exemplarie
             punishments
             ,
             as
             should
             deterre
             succeeding
             Ages
             from
             committing
             any
             the
             like
             acts
             of
             disobedience
             .
             Those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             and
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             having
             read
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             's
             Letter
             ,
             made
             no
             great
             account
             of
             the
             persuasive
             part
             of
             it
             ,
             
             neither
             were
             they
             any
             thing
             daunted
             at
             his
             threatnings
             ;
             but
             returned
             him
             an
             insolent
             mock-answer
             ;
             wherein
             they
             charged
             him
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             with
             disturbing
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             and
             required
             them
             in
             the
             names
             of
             their
             Majesties
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             to
             return
             to
             their
             due
             obedience
             ,
             leaving
             the
             Queen
             ,
             with
             the
             most
             illustrious
             Infanta
             ,
             to
             their
             free
             liberties
             ;
             to
             dis-band
             their
             forces
             ,
             both
             of
             Hors
             ,
             and
             Foot
             ,
             and
             divers
             other
             things
             ,
             which
             if
             they
             refused
             ,
             or
             delaied
             to
             perform
             accordingly
             ,
             they
             protested
             ,
             in
             the
             names
             of
             their
             Majesties
             ,
             and
             Kingdom
             ,
             to
             proclaim
             war
             against
             them
             ,
             and
             declare
             them
             delinquents
             ,
             disloial
             and
             disobedient
             persons
             to
             their
             Majesties
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             would
             inflict
             such
             punishments
             upon
             them
             ,
             as
             should
             make
             them
             examples
             to
             posteritie
             ,
             for
             ever
             committing
             any
             such
             enormities
             ,
             &c.
             
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXIX
             .
          
           
             AFter
             these
             Letters
             ,
             the
             Cavaliers
             wrote
             another
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             which
             I
             could
             not
             procure
             :
             But
             I
             have
             seen
             the
             answer
             ,
             which
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             returned
             them
             .
             It
             seemed
             that
             the
             Cavalier's
             Letter
             to
             them
             was
             not
             so
             Civil
             ,
             and
             respectful
             ,
             as
             they
             did
             exspect
             .
             Therefore
             in
             their
             replie
             ,
             they
             said
             ,
             That
             they
             believed
             that
             their
             Letter
             was
             ill
             addressed
             ,
             for
             certainly
             it
             was
             not
             intended
             for
             them
             .
             Then
             they
             fell
             upon
             the
             justification
             of
             their
             caus
             ,
             imputing
             the
             fault
             of
             all
             the
             troubles
             and
             disturbances
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             to
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             and
             making
             remonstrances
             of
             
             the
             Common
             People's
             Loyaltie
             ,
             in
             what
             concerned
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ,
             beeing
             not
             wedded
             to
             their
             private
             Interests
             ,
             like
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             who
             alwaies
             regarded
             their
             own
             particular
             advancements
             and
             profit
             ,
             to
             the
             diminution
             ,
             and
             almost
             ,
             consuming
             of
             the
             Royal
             Patrimonie
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXX
             .
          
           
             THe
             next
             daie
             after
             this
             Letter
             was
             written
             ,
             the
             Iunta
             commanded
             one
             of
             every
             hous
             in
             Valladolid
             to
             march
             out
             with
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             to
             receiv
             
               Iohn
               Bravo
            
             ,
             who
             came
             Captain
             of
             those
             men
             ,
             which
             were
             sent
             from
             
               Segovia
               ,
               Salamanca
            
             ,
             and
             Avila
             .
             They
             were
             in
             all
             six
             thousand
             compleat
             Foot
             and
             hors
             ,
             besides
             thirtie
             Carts
             loaden
             with
             Munition
             ,
             carriages
             ,
             and
             other
             warlike
             utensils
             .
             They
             passed
             the
             bridg
             of
             Duero
             ,
             to
             the
             great
             grief
             and
             dread
             of
             those
             in
             Garrison
             at
             Simancas
             (
             which
             was
             not
             far
             distant
             )
             and
             so
             marched
             directly
             to
             Valladolid
             .
             Upon
             whose
             arrival
             ,
             the
             Iunta
             sent
             for
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             who
             was
             in
             the
             Beherrias
             ,
             burning
             and
             spoiling
             Cavalier's
             lands
             .
             The
             Bishop
             beeing
             returned
             ,
             they
             sat
             in
             consultation
             upon
             what
             enterprise
             they
             should
             go
             next
             .
             Those
             of
             Valladolid
             spred
             a
             report
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             fall
             upon
             Simancas
             ,
             in
             revenge
             of
             the
             damages
             which
             they
             daily
             received
             from
             that
             Garrison
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXI
             .
          
           
             I
             Mentioned
             cursorily
             before
             ,
             how
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             began
             to
             wax
             wearie
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             and
             bethink
             himself
             of
             the
             disservice
             hee
             had
             done
             his
             Majestie
             :
             Now
             you
             shall
             hear
             fur●her
             with
             what
             difficultie
             his
             reconcilement
             was
             accomplished
             .
             Ortiz
             beeing
             returned
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             related
             to
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             every
             particular
             passage
             (
             to
             his
             best
             remembrance
             ,
             for
             hee
             durst
             not
             bring
             any
             papers
             )
             betwixt
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             and
             him
             ,
             concerning
             the
             agreement
             .
             Wherewith
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             was
             not
             well
             satisfied
             ,
             seeing
             they
             demanded
             more
             of
             him
             ,
             then
             hee
             was
             able
             to
             perform
             ,
             so
             hee
             remained
             unresolved
             .
             About
             the
             time
             that
             he
             was
             in
             this
             Quandarie
             ,
             arrived
             at
             
               Valladolid
               ,
               Fray
               Francisco
               
               de
               los
               Angeles
            
             of
             the
             order
             of
             St
             Francis
             ,
             a
             man
             of
             a
             noble
             extraction
             and
             great
             learning
             ,
             who
             afterwards
             was
             Bishop
             of
             Coria
             and
             a
             Cardinal
             .
             Hee
             went
             first
             to
             Burgos
             with
             Letters
             from
             the
             Emperor
             to
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             and
             the
             Articles
             which
             hee
             desired
             his
             Majestie
             to
             sign
             for
             that
             Citie
             :
             thence
             hee
             came
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             where
             hee
             had
             conference
             with
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             ;
             but
             lest
             their
             too
             frequent
             conversation
             might
             breed
             suspition
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             agreed
             ,
             that
             hee
             should
             communicate
             freely
             with
             
               Alonso
               Ortiz
            
             ,
             whose
             breast
             hee
             found
             a
             secure
             receptacle
             of
             any
             secret
             .
             Ortiz
             told
             
               Fray
               Francisco
            
             all
             the
             waies
             and
             means
             hee
             had
             used
             at
             Tordesillas
             ,
             and
             what
             treaties
             had
             passed
             betwixt
             him
             and
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ;
             That
             for
             his
             part
             hee
             came
             from
             Toledo
             to
             Valladolid
             ▪
             meerly
             to
             trie
             if
             his
             endevors
             might
             contribute
             any
             thing
             to
             the
             remedying
             or
             composing
             of
             those
             unhappie
             differences
             .
             Hereupon
             
               Fray
               Francisco
            
             took
             a
             resolution
             to
             go
             himself
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             to
             confer
             ,
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             Lord
             Admiral
             ;
             and
             beeing
             there
             ,
             they
             sent
             for
             Ortiz
             ,
             who
             went
             to
             them
             upon
             Shrove-tuesdaie
             ,
             Anno
             1521
             ,
             hee
             alighted
             at
             the
             Monasterie
             of
             
               Santa
               Clara
            
             ,
             where
             
               Fray
               Francisco
            
             lodged
             ,
             and
             in
             regard
             it
             was
             past
             midnight
             ,
             there
             was
             then
             no
             possibilitie
             of
             speaking
             with
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ;
             but
             the
             next
             morning
             ,
             hee
             coming
             to
             hear
             Mass
             in
             the
             same
             Monasterie
             ,
             went
             up
             into
             Francisco's
             chamber
             ,
             where
             Ortiz
             hid
             himself
             ;
             all
             that
             morning
             until
             dinner
             time
             they
             spent
             in
             treating
             about
             the
             Articles
             ,
             in
             the
             Afternoon
             they
             did
             the
             like
             ;
             and
             it
             was
             God's
             will
             ,
             that
             before
             they
             parted
             ,
             all
             was
             fully
             concluded
             ,
             to
             the
             contentment
             and
             satisfaction
             of
             each
             partie
             ,
             whereof
             were
             transcribed
             two
             Copies
             ,
             one
             signed
             and
             sealed
             by
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             as
             Governors
             ,
             obliging
             themselvs
             punctually
             to
             perform
             all
             and
             every
             the
             Articles
             therein
             conteined
             ,
             and
             procure
             them
             to
             bee
             confirmed
             by
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             provided
             that
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             did
             make
             good
             what
             hee
             had
             promised
             .
             Ortiz
             durst
             not
             carrie
             this
             writing
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             fearing
             lest
             the
             Guards
             should
             search
             him
             .
             So
             it
             was
             agreed
             ,
             that
             
               Fray
               Francisco
               de
               los
               Angeles
            
             should
             carrie
             it
             to
             Abrojo
             ,
             a
             Monasterie
             of
             Friers
             ,
             a
             league
             short
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             (
             for
             hee
             durst
             not
             venture
             to
             go
             into
             the
             Citie
             with
             that
             about
             him
             )
             and
             that
             Ortiz
             should
             send
             som
             trustie
             messenger
             thither
             for
             it
             .
             Ortiz
             returned
             the
             same
             night
             (
             half
             
             frozen
             )
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             the
             Guards
             let
             him
             in
             without
             touching
             him
             ,
             hee
             telling
             them
             that
             hee
             came
             from
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             .
             Beeing
             entred
             the
             Citie
             ,
             hee
             went
             immediately
             to
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             ,
             whom
             hee
             informed
             fully
             of
             all
             the
             passages
             ,
             and
             that
             
               Fray
               Francisco
               de
               los
               Angeles
            
             was
             to
             bring
             the
             Articles
             of
             agreement
             in
             writing
             ,
             signed
             and
             sealed
             that
             same
             night
             to
             Abrojo
             ;
             which
             hee
             did
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             On̄ate
             giving
             him
             a
             Convoy
             of
             twentie
             Hors
             from
             Simancas
             ,
             who
             put
             him
             safe
             within
             the
             gates
             of
             the
             said
             Monasterie
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             and
             Ortiz
             were
             in
             pain
             long
             time
             ,
             how
             they
             should
             send
             with
             safetie
             for
             this
             writing
             ,
             and
             at
             last
             they
             resolved
             one
             
               Fray
               Pedro
               de
               san
               Hippolito
            
             (
             of
             the
             Monasterie
             
               Del
               Prado
            
             (
             which
             was
             without
             the
             Citie
             )
             who
             was
             Pedro's
             Confessor
             )
             should
             go
             for
             it
             .
             Hee
             accepted
             the
             emploiment
             ,
             and
             went
             to
             Abrojo
             ,
             and
             having
             received
             the
             writing
             of
             
               Fray
               Francisco
               de
               los
               Angeles
            
             ,
             hee
             returned
             ;
             but
             beeing
             com
             near
             to
             Valladolid
             about
             Sun-setting
             ,
             hee
             met
             with
             certain
             souldiers
             which
             had
             been
             roving
             abroad
             ,
             who
             seeing
             the
             Frier
             in
             that
             rode
             ,
             imagined
             that
             hee
             came
             from
             Simancas
             ,
             and
             thinking
             him
             to
             bee
             a
             Spie
             (
             or
             rather
             for
             greediness
             of
             his
             mule
             )
             they
             laid
             hands
             on
             him
             ,
             saying
             ,
             Hee
             was
             a
             Traitor
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             came
             from
             Simancas
             to
             give
             the
             Cavaliers
             intelligence
             of
             what
             passed
             in
             Valladolid
             .
             In
             this
             rude
             manner
             they
             led
             him
             into
             the
             Citie
             ,
             calling
             him
             Traitor
             ,
             and
             saying
             ,
             that
             they
             wovld
             strip
             him
             ,
             to
             see
             what
             Letters
             hee
             brought
             to
             any
             particular
             persons
             ;
             so
             they
             brought
             him
             to
             an
             hous
             close
             by
             the
             gate
             ,
             where
             they
             made
             him
             alight
             to
             bee
             stript
             .
             But
             it
             was
             God's
             great
             mercie
             to
             deliver
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             and
             the
             rest
             that
             were
             engaged
             with
             him
             out
             of
             this
             danger
             :
             for
             just
             as
             
               Fray
               Pedro
            
             was
             forced
             to
             alight
             from
             his
             mule
             ,
             
             two
             Franciscan
             Friers
             came
             most
             happily
             thither
             ,
             to
             whom
             
               Fray
               Pedro
            
             addressing
             himself
             ,
             with
             a
             neat
             slight
             of
             hand
             ,
             and
             a
             notable
             resolution
             ,
             drew
             the
             papers
             out
             of
             his
             own
             sleev
             ,
             and
             slipt
             them
             into
             one
             of
             theirs
             ,
             beseeching
             him
             for
             God's
             sake
             to
             fling
             them
             into
             the
             fire
             ,
             and
             let
             no
             bodie
             see
             them
             :
             thus
             hee
             deceived
             the
             eies
             of
             above
             five
             hundred
             people
             that
             were
             gathered
             together
             to
             strip
             him
             :
             vvhich
             they
             did
             ,
             but
             finding
             no
             papers
             at
             all
             about
             him
             ,
             they
             carried
             him
             before
             
               Pedro
               de
               Touar
            
             ,
             one
             of
             the
             Regidores
             ,
             and
             Captain
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             vvho
             knovving
             him
             ,
             commanded
             them
             presently
             to
             
             releas
             him
             .
             By
             this
             vvile
             hee
             saved
             the
             lives
             of
             all
             those
             that
             vvere
             concerned
             in
             that
             Writing
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Franciscan
             Friers
             ,
             having
             read
             these
             Articles
             ,
             did
             burn
             them
             ,
             as
             
               Fray
               Pedro
            
             desired
             ;
             but
             they
             could
             not
             refrain
             from
             speaking
             thereof
             to
             som
             others
             ,
             and
             they
             to
             others
             ,
             so
             that
             at
             last
             it
             was
             the
             common
             Town-talk
             ,
             and
             it
             was
             carried
             to
             the
             
               Iunta
               .
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             somwhat
             troubled
             ,
             asked
             Ortiz
             what
             they
             should
             do
             ;
             who
             bad
             him
             bee
             of
             a
             good
             courage
             ,
             and
             if
             any
             question
             came
             of
             it
             ,
             to
             saie
             ,
             it
             was
             a
             trick
             of
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             to
             sow
             discord
             amongst
             them
             ,
             and
             although
             they
             had
             begun
             with
             him
             ,
             doubtless
             ,
             ere
             long
             ,
             they
             would
             do
             the
             like
             to
             others
             .
             It
             fell
             out
             (
             as
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             feared
             )
             that
             hee
             was
             questioned
             in
             the
             Iunta
             hereupon
             ;
             but
             hee
             was
             so
             well
             prepared
             to
             answer
             them
             ,
             absolutely
             denying
             the
             Charge
             ,
             that
             with
             his
             smooth
             and
             resolute
             answers
             they
             were
             satisfied
             ;
             in
             regard
             there
             was
             no
             evidence
             ,
             nor
             any
             ground
             of
             suspecting
             ,
             but
             meerly
             from
             the
             bare
             words
             of
             the
             Friers
             .
             This
             sore
             beeing
             well
             salved
             ,
             Ortiz
             wen
             again
             to
             
               Fray
               Pedro
            
             ,
             desiring
             him
             to
             venture
             once
             more
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             and
             acquaint
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             of
             what
             had
             passed
             ,
             and
             beseech
             him
             to
             send
             another
             Copie
             of
             the
             Articles
             ,
             like
             the
             former
             ,
             which
             was
             lost
             ;
             which
             hee
             told
             him
             ,
             hee
             might
             safely
             enough
             do
             in
             the
             night
             ,
             there
             beeing
             a
             Monasterie
             of
             his
             Order
             just
             in
             the
             waie
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             whither
             hee
             would
             send
             another
             messenger
             to
             bring
             it
             to
             Valladolid
             .
             The
             Frier
             went
             ,
             and
             beeing
             arrived
             at
             Tordesillas
             ,
             hee
             told
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             the
             storie
             of
             his
             adventures
             ,
             and
             how
             the
             former
             Copie
             had
             miscarried
             ,
             and
             therefore
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             and
             Ortiz
             ,
             desired
             him
             to
             send
             another
             .
             The
             Lord
             Admiral
             wondered
             at
             the
             Frier
             's
             strange
             relation
             ,
             and
             thanked
             God
             with
             him
             for
             his
             deliverie
             ,
             and
             gave
             him
             forthwith
             another
             copie
             verbatim
             like
             the
             first
             ,
             wherewith
             hee
             returned
             in
             the
             night
             to
             his
             Monasterie
             ,
             whither
             Ortiz
             sent
             one
             of
             his
             own
             servants
             ,
             who
             brought
             it
             safe
             into
             Valladolid
             .
             Hereupon
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             began
             to
             undermine
             ,
             &
             cunningly
             to
             confer
             with
             som
             gentlemen
             &
             Comissioners
             of
             the
             Junta
             ,
             concerning
             the
             miseries
             
             of
             the
             times
             ,
             persuading
             them
             to
             condescend
             to
             a
             peace
             ,
             &
             to
             bee
             reduced
             to
             the
             good
             ,
             and
             tranquillitie
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             in
             regard
             that
             was
             the
             end
             of
             their
             Assembling
             and
             rising
             up
             in
             arms
             .
             Som
             thought
             this
             Proposition
             but
             just
             and
             reasonable
             ,
             others
             absolutely
             dis-approved
             it
             .
             All
             these
             passages
             were
             particularly
             related
             to
             the
             General
             of
             the
             Dominican
             Order
             ,
             then
             beeing
             at
             Tordesillas
             ,
             who
             persuaded
             the
             Grandees
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             to
             send
             Letters
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             General
             ,
             and
             to
             the
             Particular
             Iunta
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             to
             this
             effect
             ;
             That
             in
             regard
             both
             Parties
             did
             fervently
             desire
             the
             good
             ,
             and
             quiet
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             that
             each
             in
             particular
             did
             pretend
             to
             advance
             it
             ,
             yet
             they
             spoiled
             and
             butchered
             one
             another
             without
             sens
             or
             reason
             ,
             beeing
             all
             Natives
             of
             the
             same
             Countrie
             ,
             and
             their
             intentions
             (
             though
             in
             a
             different
             waie
             )
             steering
             the
             same
             Cours
             .
             Therefore
             for
             the
             better
             understanding
             of
             each
             other
             ,
             if
             the
             Gentlemen
             of
             the
             Iunta
             would
             nominate
             any
             two
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             ,
             and
             send
             them
             to
             the
             Monasterie
             of
             St
             Thomas
             ,
             which
             is
             without
             Tordesillas
             ,
             to
             treat
             with
             them
             ,
             they
             would
             at
             the
             same
             time
             appoint
             two
             of
             their
             partie
             to
             go
             to
             the
             Monasterie
             
               del
               Prado
            
             ,
             not
             far
             from
             Valladolid
             ,
             to
             confer
             with
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ;
             by
             which
             means
             they
             might
             com
             to
             som
             reasonable
             agreement
             ,
             for
             the
             satisfaction
             and
             general
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             and
             that
             there
             might
             bee
             no
             more
             war
             or
             dissention
             amongst
             them
             ,
             which
             had
             been
             the
             occasion
             of
             so
             much
             damage
             and
             miserie
             .
             Those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             (
             divers
             of
             them
             beeing
             indifferently
             well
             inclined
             ,
             and
             seeing
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             ,
             who
             was
             one
             of
             the
             principal
             amongst
             them
             ,
             lean
             that
             waie
             )
             were
             so
             far
             from
             dissenting
             ,
             that
             without
             further
             delay
             ,
             they
             appointed
             him
             ,
             and
             
               Alonso
               de
               Guadalaxara
            
             ,
             Commissioner
             of
             Segovia
             ,
             to
             go
             in
             their
             names
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             giving
             first
             notice
             to
             the
             Cavaliers
             thereof
             ,
             and
             wishing
             them
             to
             send
             their
             Agents
             to
             Prado
             ,
             as
             was
             agreed
             ,
             both
             giving
             securitie
             and
             pledges
             that
             their
             Messengers
             should
             pass
             without
             danger
             or
             molestation
             .
             This
             was
             concluded
             on
             Fridaie
             ,
             March
             the
             10th
             1521.
             
             On
             Saturdaie
             night
             following
             arrived
             at
             Valladolid
             ,
             those
             whom
             the
             Governors
             sent
             for
             pledges
             ;
             but
             those
             who
             were
             against
             this
             Treatie
             ,
             having
             consulted
             with
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             who
             likewise
             did
             not
             relish
             it
             ,
             gave
             order
             to
             those
             upon
             the
             Guard
             ,
             not
             to
             let
             any
             into
             the
             
             Citie
             that
             came
             from
             Tordesillas
             ,
             but
             to
             take
             away
             their
             Letters
             ,
             and
             seiz
             upon
             their
             persons
             :
             Insomuch
             that
             a
             messenger
             with
             a
             Pass
             for
             them
             ,
             beeing
             com
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             the
             Guards
             would
             have
             apprehended
             him
             ,
             but
             hee
             was
             so
             circumspect
             ,
             that
             hee
             got
             clear
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             returned
             to
             Tordesillas
             .
             This
             was
             not
             done
             by
             the
             general
             consent
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             but
             onely
             by
             those
             which
             were
             against
             the
             Treatie
             ;
             and
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Junta
             marvelled
             that
             the
             Cavaliers
             did
             not
             keep
             their
             words
             ,
             in
             sending
             their
             Pass
             ,
             or
             safe
             Conduct
             for
             the
             Commissioners
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             own
             motion
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXIII
             .
          
           
             THings
             beeing
             thus
             discomposed
             ,
             the
             Captains
             of
             the
             several
             Cities
             ,
             with
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             and
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             agreed
             to
             draw
             all
             their
             forces
             into
             the
             field
             ,
             to
             stop
             all
             correspondence
             betwixt
             Valladolid
             and
             Tordesillas
             ,
             that
             the
             Treatie
             might
             not
             go
             forwards
             ,
             and
             to
             destroie
             and
             spoil
             all
             the
             Towns
             or
             houses
             they
             could
             ,
             th●t
             belonged
             to
             any
             of
             the
             Gentrie
             in
             Tordesillas
             .
             With
             this
             resolution
             the
             Bishop
             of
             
               Zamora
               ,
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             with
             his
             
               Toledians
               ,
               Iohn
               Zapata
            
             with
             those
             from
             
               Madrid
               ,
               Iohn
               Bravo
            
             ,
             Captain
             of
             the
             Segovians
             ,
             and
             
               Francisco
               Maldonado
            
             ,
             who
             commanded
             the
             men
             of
             Avila
             and
             Salamanca
             ,
             went
             to
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             desiring
             that
             they
             would
             appoint
             a
             Captain
             General
             over
             them
             all
             ,
             and
             it
             is
             reported
             (
             out
             of
             craft
             ,
             thereby
             to
             render
             him
             more
             odious
             to
             the
             Common
             People
             )
             that
             they
             press'd
             to
             have
             that
             office
             conferred
             upon
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             ,
             which
             plot
             was
             imputed
             to
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             who
             never
             was
             
               Don
               Pedro's
            
             friend
             .
             The
             Iunta
             ,
             to
             satisfie
             them
             ,
             did
             name
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             but
             hee
             desired
             som
             time
             to
             think
             upon
             it
             ,
             before
             hee
             would
             accept
             it
             ,
             and
             those
             that
             bare
             him
             no
             good
             will
             ,
             began
             to
             divulge
             his
             beeing
             made
             General
             ,
             in
             a
             disparaging
             manner
             ,
             saying
             ,
             It
             was
             more
             honor
             then
             hee
             deserved
             ,
             in
             regard
             hee
             had
             given
             them
             so
             much
             reason
             to
             suspect
             his
             fidilitie
             ,
             for
             holding
             correspondence
             with
             the
             Governors
             to
             sell
             them
             ,
             and
             that
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             much
             more
             fit
             for
             that
             Command
             .
             This
             was
             so
             much
             buzz'd
             amongst
             the
             people
             ,
             that
             they
             began
             to
             murmur
             highly
             against
             
               Don
               Pedro.
            
             The
             mutinie
             
             growing
             to
             such
             an
             height
             ,
             that
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             and
             his
             friends
             ,
             not
             thinking
             themselvs
             secure
             ,
             prepared
             to
             make
             resistance
             ,
             in
             case
             they
             should
             assault
             them
             in
             their
             houses
             ,
             as
             som
             gave
             out
             they
             would
             .
             And
             (
             they
             saie
             )
             the
             very
             school-boys
             ,
             instructed
             by
             their
             masters
             so
             to
             do
             ,
             ran
             crying
             up
             and
             down
             the
             streets
             ,
             Let
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             bee
             General
             ,
             and
             not
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             .
             The
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             sent
             him
             word
             that
             his
             safest
             waie
             would
             bee
             to
             absent
             himself
             from
             the
             Citie
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             ,
             to
             retire
             into
             some
             secret
             place
             ,
             for
             the
             people
             were
             very
             jealous
             of
             him
             ,
             and
             in
             their
             furie
             would
             bee
             apt
             to
             do
             him
             some
             displeasure
             ,
             but
             this
             was
             onely
             a
             plot
             to
             entrap
             him
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             very
             resolutely
             returned
             the
             Bishop
             this
             answer
             ,
             That
             hee
             had
             done
             nothing
             that
             hee
             was
             ashamed
             of
             ,
             or
             ought
             to
             run
             awaie
             for
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             would
             not
             stir
             out
             of
             his
             hous
             ,
             if
             the
             people
             had
             any
             thing
             to
             saie
             to
             him
             ,
             there
             they
             should
             finde
             him
             .
             The
             people's
             design
             upon
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             beeing
             publickly
             known
             ,
             some
             principal
             persons
             of
             the
             Citie
             came
             amongst
             them
             ,
             and
             so
             handled
             the
             matter
             ,
             that
             they
             all
             retired
             to
             their
             houses
             ,
             and
             there
             was
             no
             harm
             done
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXIV
             .
          
           
             THose
             of
             the
             Junta
             ,
             beeing
             in
             consultation
             about
             the
             ordering
             of
             their
             Armie
             (
             for
             there
             was
             no
             more
             thought
             of
             peace
             )
             some
             said
             ,
             that
             it
             was
             very
             requisite
             that
             they
             should
             have
             a
             Captain
             General
             ,
             and
             although
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             had
             executed
             the
             office
             ever
             since
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             had
             left
             it
             ,
             yet
             hee
             had
             not
             his
             Commission
             from
             the
             Junta
             ,
             neither
             had
             the
             present
             Armie
             (
             which
             the
             several
             Cities
             had
             raised
             )
             acknowledged
             him
             .
             Som
             stood
             for
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
               de
               la
               Vega
            
             ;
             but
             the
             major
             part
             of
             the
             Junta
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             Common
             people
             Voted
             for
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             .
             Hee
             seeing
             that
             they
             would
             make
             him
             their
             Captain
             General
             ,
             out
             of
             a
             feigned
             modestie
             refused
             it
             ,
             earnestly
             desiring
             them
             all
             to
             give
             their
             Votes
             rather
             for
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             ,
             who
             was
             more
             worthie
             and
             capable
             of
             so
             high
             a
             Charge
             then
             hee
             ,
             not
             that
             hee
             declined
             their
             service
             however
             ,
             but
             hee
             would
             content
             himself
             with
             the
             Command
             of
             the
             two
             thousand
             men
             which
             hee
             brought
             from
             Toledo
             ,
             with
             whom
             ,
             and
             with
             his
             own
             person
             ,
             
             hee
             would
             serv
             the
             Commonaltie
             to
             the
             last
             breath
             .
             The
             people
             hearing
             that
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             like
             to
             bee
             outed
             ,
             they
             came
             crying
             in
             a
             tumultuous
             mannertothe
             Junta
             ,
             and
             pres●ing
             them
             to
             make
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             their
             General
             ,
             for
             no
             man
             els
             should
             bee
             .
             And
             thinking
             that
             
               Dom
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             was
             the
             onely
             man
             that
             hindred
             the
             election
             of
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             the
             multitude
             ran
             presently
             to
             apprehend
             him
             in
             his
             hous
             ,
             laying
             to
             his
             charge
             that
             hee
             had
             used
             means
             to
             reduce
             them
             to
             his
             Majestie
             's
             service
             ,
             that
             hee
             had
             been
             caus
             that
             the
             Cavaliers
             had
             taken
             Tordesillas
             ,
             having
             been
             in
             the
             conspiracie
             with
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             .
             But
             the
             Bishop
             and
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             followed
             ,
             and
             staied
             them
             in
             the
             great
             market
             place
             .
             Assoon
             as
             ever
             the
             rabble
             saw
             the
             Bishop
             and
             him
             ,
             they
             flocked
             round
             about
             them
             crying
             out
             ,
             
               Let
               John
               de
               Padilla
               live
               ,
               let
               the
               Bishop
               live
               ,
               long
               may
               live
               John
               de
               Padilla
               ,
               who
               take's
               away
               the
               taxes
               of
               Castilla
               .
            
             In
             this
             manner
             did
             the
             multitude
             carrie
             him
             up
             and
             down
             the
             market
             place
             ,
             hooting
             and
             shooting
             as
             if
             they
             had
             been
             all
             mad
             ;
             insomuch
             that
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             could
             not
             speak
             to
             them
             ,
             if
             hee
             would
             have
             said
             any
             thing
             ,
             they
             kept
             so
             horrid
             a
             nois
             ,
             saying
             ,
             Hee
             should
             bee
             their
             General
             ,
             and
             no
             other
             .
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Bishop
             ,
             seeing
             this
             fond
             madness
             of
             the
             people
             ,
             withdrew
             themselvs
             into
             a
             hous
             ,
             out
             of
             a
             window
             ,
             whereof
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             spake
             to
             them
             in
             this
             manner
             ;
             
             Sirs
             !
             You
             know
             how
             I
             came
             hither
             Captain
             for
             the
             Citie
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             in
             favor
             of
             the
             Commonaltie●
             of
             this
             Kingdom
             ,
             to
             serv
             you
             ;
             you
             must
             know
             likewise
             ,
             that
             Toledo
             is
             not
             inferior
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             but
             a
             f●iend
             to
             it
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             other
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             who
             all
             agreed
             to
             send
             mee
             to
             assist
             you
             ,
             and
             with
             the
             same
             affection
             and
             willingness
             I
             have
             performed
             my
             part
             ,
             and
             whil'st
             I
             have
             breath
             ,
             I
             will
             omit
             nothing
             wherein
             I
             may
             serv
             you
             ;
             and
             I
             thank
             you
             for
             your
             good
             wills
             to
             mee
             .
             But
             the
             Lords
             of
             the
             Iunta
             have
             determined
             to
             choos
             a
             Captain
             General
             for
             thir
             Expedition
             :
             Believ
             mee
             (
             sirs
             !
             )
             it
             is
             most
             fit
             that
             place
             should
             go
             by
             Election
             ,
             and
             I
             assure
             you
             that
             I
             was
             the
             first
             man
             that
             made
             that
             motion
             ,
             for
             that
             is
             the
             best
             and
             safest
             waie
             ;
             moreover
             ,
             those
             Gentlemen
             know
             very
             well
             what
             they
             do
             .
             Hee
             scars
             had
             uttered
             these
             words
             ,
             but
             they
             all
             cried
             out
             ,
             
               Wee
               will
               have
               none
               but
            
             John
             de
             Padilla
             ,
             
               and
               the
               Bishop
            
             .
             Thus
             they
             continued
             for
             the
             space
             of
             a
             long
             hour
             ,
             and
             
             more
             ,
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             entreating
             them
             to
             give
             their
             consents
             ,
             that
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             might
             execute
             that
             office
             ,
             for
             nevertheless
             hee
             should
             bee
             readie
             to
             spend
             his
             father's
             and
             his
             own
             estate
             ,
             besides
             the
             ventring
             of
             his
             life
             in
             that
             Holie
             Caus
             ,
             for
             the
             service
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             .
             But
             no
             reason
             would
             stop
             their
             mouths
             ,
             they
             still
             continued
             crying
             ,
             hee
             and
             non
             els
             should
             bee
             their
             Captain
             .
             Which
             obstinacie
             of
             the
             people
             ,
             beeing
             reported
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             they
             Voted
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             Captain
             General
             of
             ●ll
             their
             forces
             .
             From
             that
             daie
             forwards
             ,
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             began
             to
             relinquish
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             and
             divers
             of
             his
             friends
             did
             the
             like
             ,
             seeing
             how
             blind
             and
             void
             of
             reason
             the
             people
             were
             ,
             and
             how
             much
             prejudice
             they
             did
             themselvs
             ,
             in
             following
             a
             people
             so
             overswaied
             with
             passion
             ,
             and
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             them
             too
             but
             men
             of
             mean
             and
             obscure
             extraction
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXV
             .
          
           
             FOwer
             hundred
             Lanciers
             of
             the
             choisest
             men
             of
             those
             that
             c●me
             from
             the
             conquest
             of
             the
             Gelves
             mutined
             and
             would
             have
             gon
             awaie
             becaus
             they
             did
             not
             receiv
             the
             paie
             ,
             which
             was
             promised
             them
             from
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             they
             demanded
             moreover
             paiement
             of
             their
             arreares
             ever
             since
             the
             death
             of
             the
             King
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             ,
             which
             amounting
             to
             fortie
             Duckets
             a
             man
             at
             least
             made
             the
             summe
             of
             eight
             thousand
             Duckets
             .
             The
             Citie
             not
             having
             monie
             to
             satisfie
             their
             demands
             ,
             yet
             loth
             to
             let
             them
             go
             ,
             becaus
             they
             were
             stout
             ,
             well
             disciplined
             souldiers
             ,
             and
             wel
             armed
             ,
             caused
             all
             their
             Gates
             to
             bee
             shut
             ,
             whilest
             they
             went
             to
             procur●
             them
             monie
             .
             In
             the
             first
             place
             they
             searched
             the
             Cloister
             of
             the
             Benedictans
             ,
             where
             they
             found
             six
             thousand
             Duckets
             ,
             which
             som
             particular
             persons
             had
             deposited
             there
             ,
             thinking
             it
             more
             secure
             then
             in
             their
             own
             hands
             .
             
             After
             which
             ,
             they
             went
             to
             other
             Religious
             houses
             &
             Colledges
             in
             like
             manner
             ;
             Insomuch
             that
             at
             last
             ,
             with
             what
             they
             took
             up
             by
             waie
             of
             lone
             ,
             they
             got
             enough
             to
             give
             them
             satisfaction
             .
             Thus
             was
             that
             Citie
             guiltie
             of
             their
             own
             torment
             and
             trouble
             ,
             by
             maintaining
             a
             fire-brand
             (
             for
             t●ey
             deserved
             no
             other
             name
             )
             in
             their
             own
             bowels
             .
             But
             that
             which
             seemed
             most
             grievous
             to
             them
             ,
             was
             ,
             That
             they
             were
             
             daily
             so
             molested
             and
             affronted
             by
             that
             paultrie
             Garrison
             of
             Simancas
             :
             Therefore
             they
             flatly
             told
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             that
             either
             they
             should
             go
             themselvs
             ,
             or
             give
             them
             their
             men
             ,
             for
             Valladolid
             was
             resolved
             to
             unroost
             those
             Harpyes
             .
             At
             length
             Valladolid
             seeing
             themselvs
             reduced
             to
             so
             great
             want
             and
             povertie
             ,
             for
             they
             had
             no
             way
             to
             gain
             a
             peny
             ,
             all
             Trading
             and
             Commerce
             lost
             ,
             the
             roads
             were
             so
             unsecure
             ,
             that
             if
             they
             did
             but
             peep
             (
             as
             it
             were
             )
             out
             of
             their
             houses
             ,
             they
             were
             in
             danger
             of
             beeing
             kill'd
             ,
             taken
             ●risoners
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             plundered
             ;
             and
             that
             their
             War
             was
             not
             in
             earnest
             to
             the
             purpose
             ,
             neither
             had
             they
             any
             hopes
             of
             peace
             ,
             they
             wrote
             a
             Letter
             to
             the
             Cavaliers
             in
             these
             terms
             :
          
           
             
               
                 Valladolid's
                 Letter
                 to
                 the
                 Cavaliers
                 .
              
               
                 
                   
                     Illustrious
                     Sirs
                  
                   !
                
              
               
                 WEe
                 received
                 a
                 Letter
                 from
                 you
                 ,
                 whereby
                 any
                 man
                 of
                 the
                 least
                 judgment
                 or
                 understanding
                 may
                 plainly
                 see
                 ,
                 that
                 your
                 actions
                 do
                 absolu●ely
                 contradict
                 what
                 you
                 express
                 in
                 words
                 .
                 And
                 for
                 a
                 further
                 manifestation
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 peace
                 which
                 you
                 publish
                 is
                 directly
                 opposite
                 to
                 your
                 actual
                 proceedings
                 ;
                 you
                 have
                 introduced
                 an
                 abominable
                 War
                 in
                 these
                 Kingdoms
                 ,
                 under
                 the
                 notion
                 of
                 obedience
                 to
                 their
                 Majesties
                 ,
                 battering
                 and
                 forcing
                 the
                 place
                 where
                 the
                 Queen
                 resid●d
                 ,
                 seizing
                 on
                 ,
                 and
                 imprisoning
                 ●er
                 servants
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Commissioners
                 of
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 permitting
                 her
                 Court
                 to
                 bee
                 ransack't
                 ,
                 the
                 Churches
                 to
                 bee
                 robb'd
                 ,
                 women
                 violated
                 ,
                 the
                 high-waies
                 stopped
                 ,
                 the
                 Iustice
                 of
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 (
                 which
                 was
                 the
                 Chancerie
                 )
                 to
                 bee
                 taken
                 away
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 horrid
                 things
                 ,
                 which
                 never
                 were
                 seen
                 or
                 heard
                 of
                 before
                 ;
                 whereby
                 experience
                 sheweth
                 us
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 offers
                 of
                 Peace
                 ,
                 which
                 you
                 have
                 and
                 do
                 make
                 us
                 ,
                 are
                 onely
                 forms
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 policie
                 to
                 wearie
                 out
                 ,
                 divide
                 and
                 procure
                 the
                 utter
                 destruction
                 of
                 the
                 King●om
                 .
                 Beeing
                 sore
                 aggrieved
                 at
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 the
                 disservices
                 ,
                 dammages
                 ,
                 and
                 troubles
                 which
                 our
                 Sov●reign
                 Lord
                 the
                 King
                 ,
                 &
                 his
                 Kingdoms
                 have
                 ,
                 and
                 do
                 daily
                 suffer
                 ,
                 and
                 s●eing
                 that
                 with
                 this
                 dissembled
                 Peace
                 which
                 you
                 cunningly
                 publish
                 ,
                 may
                 bee
                 brought
                 to
                 ruine
                 and
                 perdition
                 ,
                 wee
                 are
                 in
                 the
                 minde
                 to
                 persevere
                 in
                 that
                 which
                 wee
                 have
                 begun
                 ,
                 and
                 maintein
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 faithful
                 and
                 loial
                 subjects
                 ,
                 in
                 discharging
                 our
                 duties
                 to
                 our
                 Sovereigns
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 executing
                 what
                 wee
                 are
                 obliged
                 to
                 perform
                 to
                 our
                 selvs
                 ,
                 and
                 our
                 Countrie
                 ;
                 not
                 forgetting
                 what
                 's
                 past
                 ,
                 wee
                 suffer
                 with
                 chearfulness
                 all
                 these
                 troubles
                 and
                 afflictions
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 worthie
                 
                 of
                 acknowledgment
                 before
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 Majestie
                 ,
                 our
                 Sovereign
                 ,
                 since
                 they
                 pass
                 as
                 obligations
                 which
                 wee
                 owe
                 them
                 .
                 Wee
                 hope
                 hence
                 ●orwards
                 ,
                 that
                 all
                 the
                 oppressions
                 and
                 waies
                 which
                 you
                 have
                 used
                 to
                 divert
                 and
                 withdraw
                 us
                 from
                 this
                 holie
                 purpose
                 ,
                 shall
                 not
                 weaken
                 or
                 dis
                 hearten
                 us
                 ,
                 but
                 rather
                 strengthen
                 and
                 encourage
                 us
                 the
                 more
                 to
                 resist
                 and
                 fight
                 against
                 all
                 those
                 that
                 hav●
                 been
                 the
                 causers
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 detestable
                 initiators
                 of
                 the
                 miseries
                 of
                 these
                 Kingdoms
                 .
                 ●●d
                 we
                 trust
                 in
                 God
                 that
                 ●e
                 wil
                 speedily
                 shew
                 som
                 heavie
                 judgment
                 upon
                 the
                 ●●●●ntors
                 of
                 such
                 pervers
                 actions
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 alone
                 suffer
                 the
                 punishment
                 of
                 ●heir
                 crimes
                 ,
                 not
                 wee
                 ,
                 nor
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 holie
                 Junta
                 ;
                 for
                 whosoever
                 will
                 seriously
                 and
                 judiciously
                 consider
                 it
                 ,
                 shall
                 see
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 fear
                 of
                 blame
                 ▪
                 where
                 is
                 faithfulness
                 and
                 truth
                 ,
                 neither
                 doth
                 passion
                 dare
                 to
                 presume
                 ,
                 wher●
                 the
                 publick
                 good
                 is
                 preferred
                 before
                 the
                 particular
                 ;
                 nor
                 ambition
                 ,
                 wher●
                 men
                 without
                 consideration
                 of
                 either
                 honor
                 ,
                 life
                 or
                 fort●nes
                 ,
                 expose
                 thems●lvs
                 to
                 divers
                 hard
                 censures
                 and
                 obloquies
                 .
                 But
                 their
                 actions
                 rather
                 ●mbolden
                 and
                 strengthen
                 them
                 to
                 continue
                 so
                 just
                 an
                 undertaking
                 ,
                 the
                 obtei●ing
                 whereof
                 will
                 procure
                 us
                 the
                 perpetual
                 Peace
                 which
                 wee
                 desire
                 .
                 Yo●
                 know
                 ,
                 Sirs
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 producer
                 of
                 Peace
                 is
                 War
                 ;
                 if
                 our
                 forefathers
                 had
                 not
                 fought
                 and
                 spilt
                 their
                 blood
                 ,
                 wee
                 should
                 never
                 have
                 enjoied
                 that
                 happ●●
                 Peace
                 which
                 wee
                 had
                 during
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 reign
                 of
                 King
                 
                   Don
                   Fernando
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Donia
                   Isabella
                
                 of
                 glorious
                 memorie
                 .
                 That
                 war
                 is
                 laudabl●
                 ,
                 which
                 tend's
                 to
                 the
                 libertie
                 of
                 the
                 King
                 and
                 Kingdom
                 ;
                 And
                 abominable
                 i●
                 that
                 Peace
                 ,
                 whose
                 end
                 is
                 subjection
                 ,
                 oppression
                 ,
                 and
                 sl●verie
                 :
                 Therefo●●
                 our
                 purpose
                 and
                 intention
                 is
                 ,
                 That
                 our
                 King
                 may
                 bee
                 free
                 ,
                 enjoie
                 his
                 Kingdoms
                 as
                 our
                 Sovereign
                 Lord
                 ,
                 not
                 subject
                 nor
                 over
                 swaied
                 by
                 any
                 evil
                 favorites
                 ,
                 nor
                 fals
                 or
                 cheating
                 Counsels
                 .
                 That
                 his
                 Revenues
                 and
                 Roial
                 Patrimonie
                 may
                 not
                 bee
                 usurped
                 ,
                 or
                 lavishly
                 wasted
                 ,
                 but
                 preserved
                 ,
                 or
                 usefully
                 expended
                 for
                 the
                 good
                 of
                 his
                 Kingdoms
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 hee
                 may
                 bee
                 beloved
                 ,
                 obeied
                 ,
                 and
                 faithfully
                 served
                 .
                 And
                 out
                 of
                 this
                 love
                 ,
                 obedience
                 ,
                 and
                 respect
                 ,
                 wee
                 wish
                 ,
                 desire
                 ,
                 and
                 humbly
                 beseech
                 his
                 Majestie
                 to
                 seek
                 a
                 remedie
                 for
                 his
                 Roial
                 Crown
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 Kingdoms
                 ;
                 that
                 ,
                 under
                 God
                 ,
                 hee
                 onely
                 may
                 bee
                 ou●
                 Lord
                 ,
                 our
                 King
                 ,
                 onely
                 mightie
                 ,
                 onely
                 rich
                 ,
                 his
                 own
                 and
                 our
                 onely
                 helper
                 an●
                 redressor
                 ,
                 whom
                 onely
                 we
                 may
                 fear
                 ,
                 serv
                 ,
                 ●onor
                 ,
                 and
                 obeie
                 :
                 to
                 whom
                 onely
                 wee
                 may
                 asscribe
                 the
                 glorie
                 ,
                 and
                 render
                 a
                 due
                 acknowledgment
                 for
                 our
                 publick
                 good
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 whom
                 onely
                 wee
                 may
                 address
                 our
                 complaints
                 and
                 grievan●●s
                 :
                 which
                 if
                 you
                 would
                 but
                 seriously
                 weigh
                 and
                 consider
                 ,
                 you
                 would
                 not
                 so
                 condemn
                 and
                 oppose
                 our
                 holie
                 proceedings
                 ,
                 nor
                 the
                 sacred
                 end
                 at
                 which
                 we●
                 aim
                 .
                 And
                 since
                 wee
                 cannot
                 accomplish
                 our
                 desire
                 in
                 a
                 peaceable
                 manner
                 ,
                 
                 it
                 is
                 but
                 reason
                 wee
                 should
                 endeavor
                 to
                 obtein
                 them
                 by
                 war
                 ,
                 in
                 regard
                 it
                 is
                 just
                 and
                 holie
                 ,
                 our
                 end
                 beeing
                 to
                 finde
                 everlasting
                 Peace
                 .
                 So
                 it
                 cannot
                 bee
                 said
                 that
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 is
                 caus
                 of
                 this
                 War
                 ,
                 but
                 those
                 disturbers
                 ,
                 who
                 hinder
                 us
                 from
                 enjoying
                 and
                 procuring
                 the
                 universal
                 good
                 ,
                 which
                 wee
                 seek
                 after
                 ;
                 for
                 which
                 they
                 must
                 render
                 a
                 strict
                 account
                 to
                 God
                 and
                 their
                 Majesties
                 ,
                 besides
                 all
                 the
                 dammages
                 ,
                 slaughters
                 ,
                 extortions
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 grand
                 mischiefs
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 all
                 lie
                 upon
                 their
                 score
                 .
                 The
                 true
                 peace
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 〈◊〉
                 ▪
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 Grandees
                 ceas
                 from
                 disturbing
                 or
                 hindering
                 the
                 universal
                 〈◊〉
                 ,
                 which
                 wee
                 labor
                 with
                 all
                 our
                 force
                 and
                 might
                 to
                 procure
                 .
                 For
                 the
                 effecting
                 and
                 settling
                 of
                 which
                 Peace
                 ,
                 the
                 Truce
                 which
                 your
                 Lordships
                 did
                 desire
                 was
                 very
                 requisite
                 ,
                 if
                 your
                 Actions
                 had
                 been
                 answerable
                 to
                 your
                 Verbal
                 expressions
                 ;
                 but
                 that
                 was
                 not
                 granted
                 you
                 ,
                 becaus
                 it
                 was
                 demanded
                 onely
                 to
                 amuse
                 us
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 gain
                 time
                 to
                 your
                 selvs
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 it
                 were
                 not
                 so
                 ,
                 neither
                 is
                 it
                 just
                 nor
                 reasonable
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 should
                 dis●band
                 t●eir
                 forces
                 ,
                 which
                 have
                 cost
                 so
                 much
                 trouble
                 and
                 charge
                 the
                 raising
                 ;
                 for
                 the
                 experience
                 of
                 former
                 passages
                 hath
                 taught
                 us
                 ,
                 that
                 your
                 intent
                 is
                 to
                 cosen
                 and
                 overcom
                 us
                 with
                 such
                 formal
                 pretenses
                 .
                 But
                 wee
                 supplicate
                 and
                 require
                 you
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 leav
                 to
                 seek
                 and
                 finde
                 the
                 good
                 which
                 they
                 pretend
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 to
                 set
                 your
                 selvs
                 in
                 opposition
                 and
                 contradiction
                 of
                 our
                 intentions
                 ;
                 for
                 our
                 drift
                 and
                 purpose
                 is
                 no
                 other
                 ,
                 then
                 to
                 advance
                 our
                 holie
                 enterprise
                 ,
                 and
                 repel
                 all
                 those
                 that
                 shall
                 withstand
                 us
                 .
                 of
                 whom
                 our
                 trust
                 in
                 God
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 ●re
                 long
                 wee
                 shall
                 obtein
                 Victorie
                 .
                 To
                 whom
                 wee
                 make
                 our
                 heartie
                 praiers
                 ,
                 that
                 hee
                 will
                 bee
                 pleased
                 to
                 enlighten
                 your
                 illustrious
                 understandings
                 with
                 the
                 true
                 knowledg
                 of
                 our
                 Caus.
                 
              
            
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXVI
             .
          
           
             ALthough
             the
             Cavaliers
             did
             treat
             of
             an
             Accommodation
             ,
             yet
             they
             ceased
             not
             to
             get
             what
             arms
             ,
             and
             assemble
             what
             forces
             they
             could
             .
             The
             general
             Letters
             signed
             by
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             at
             Tordesillas
             ,
             with
             the
             date
             in
             blank
             ,
             I
             have
             seen
             in
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable's
             hands
             ,
             with
             divers
             other
             originals
             .
             They
             demanded
             of
             Avila
             eighteen
             hundred
             Foot
             :
             of
             Cordova
             ,
             one
             thousand
             :
             of
             the
             Citie
             of
             Jaen
             ,
             three
             hundred
             :
             of
             Trugillo
             ,
             one
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             Lances
             ,
             and
             two
             hundred
             Foot
             :
             of
             Badajos
             ,
             one
             hundred
             Foot
             :
             of
             Baeca
             ,
             two
             hundred
             Foot
             :
             of
             Ecija
             ,
             three
             hundred
             Foot
             :
             of
             Ubeda
             ,
             two
             
             hundred
             Foot.
             of
             Xerez
             ,
             one
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             lances
             .
             of
             Caceres
             ,
             two
             hundred
             Foot.
             of
             Anduxar
             ,
             one
             thousand
             Foot.
             of
             Ciudad-Real
             ,
             one
             hundred
             and
             twentie
             Foot.
             of
             Carmona
             ,
             one
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             Foot.
             of
             the
             Duke
             of
             Arcos
             ,
             sixtie
             lances
             .
             of
             the
             Earl
             of
             Vruen̄a
             ,
             sixtie
             cross-bow-men
             on
             hors-back
             .
             of
             
               Don
               Fernando
               Enriquez
            
             ,
             twentie
             lances
             .
             of
             the
             Earl
             of
             Palma
             ,
             twentie
             lances
             .
             of
             
               Don
               Rodrigo
               Mexia
            
             ,
             twentie
             lances
             .
             of
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Tarifa
             ,
             fourscore
             lances
             .
             of
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Comares
             ,
             thirtie
             lances
             .
             of
             the
             Earl
             of
             Ayamonte
             ,
             thirtie
             lances
             .
             of
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Villanueva
             ,
             twentie
             lances
             .
             of
             the
             Earl
             of
             Cabra
             ,
             fiftie
             lances
             .
             of
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Medina
               Sidonia
            
             ,
             one
             hundred
             lances
             .
             All
             these
             men
             they
             desired
             ,
             and
             all
             paied
             for
             three
             months
             ,
             promising
             to
             repaie
             the
             Souldiers
             ,
             and
             charges
             of
             levying
             and
             arming
             them
             out
             of
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Revenue
             .
             At
             the
             same
             time
             ,
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             used
             the
             like
             diligence
             to
             rais
             men
             in
             the
             Mountains
             ,
             saying
             ,
             hi●
             design
             was
             to
             resist
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             Traitors
             with
             him
             :
             also
             hee
             used
             means
             to
             intercept
             the
             Arms
             which
             were
             coming
             from
             Guipuzcoa
             to
             the
             Commoners
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXVII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Commonalties
             ,
             especially
             Valladolid
             ,
             were
             much
             displeased
             that
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             and
             the
             Commanders
             of
             the
             Armie
             did
             so
             prolong
             the
             War
             ,
             for
             alreadie
             they
             were
             so
             exhausted
             ,
             that
             they
             found
             themselvs
             not
             able
             to
             sustain
             it
             .
             And
             Valladolid
             ,
             who
             had
             so
             vast
             a
             charge
             of
             souldiers
             to
             maintain
             ,
             and
             suffered
             exceedingly
             ,
             by
             the
             continual
             assaults
             and
             incursions
             ,
             which
             those
             of
             Simancas
             made
             into
             their
             Territories
             ,
             was
             more
             sensible
             of
             the
             smart
             then
             any
             of
             the
             other
             Cities
             ,
             and
             never
             left
             praying
             and
             threatning
             in
             publick
             and
             in
             private
             ,
             until
             they
             had
             persuaded
             or
             forced
             the
             Captains
             to
             march
             out
             with
             their
             Armie
             ,
             and
             to
             end
             the
             dispute
             with
             the
             Cavaliers
             in
             on
             battle
             .
             Upon
             Saturdaie
             night
             of
             the
             first
             week
             in
             Lent
             the
             17
             of
             February
             1521.
             
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             with
             the
             greatest
             privacie
             that
             might
             bee
             ,
             le●t
             his
             design
             should
             bee
             discovered
             ,
             marched
             with
             his
             men
             out
             of
             Valladolid
             to
             Zaratan
             (
             a
             Village
             within
             a
             league
             of
             the
             Citie
             )
             where
             hee
             quartered
             that
             night
             .
             From
             whence
             hee
             went
             the
             
             same
             night
             with
             fourtie
             hors
             directly
             to
             Simancas
             .
             Beeing
             arrived
             at
             the
             Watch-Tower
             ,
             which
             was
             upon
             a
             hill
             a
             little
             above
             the
             Town
             ,
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             asked
             the
             fellow
             which
             kept
             it
             ,
             if
             hee
             had
             perceived
             any
             thing
             of
             the
             enemie
             ;
             The
             man
             thinking
             hee
             had
             been
             som
             of
             their
             Garrison
             ,
             said
             ,
             Yes
             ;
             I
             saw
             a
             great
             number
             of
             men
             march
             from
             Valladolid
             to
             Zaratan
             ,
             which
             make's
             my
             heartake
             ,
             for
             wee
             have
             but
             a
             few
             left
             in
             
               Simancas
               .
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             presently
             laied
             hands
             on
             him
             ,
             and
             carried
             him
             to
             his
             Quarters
             ,
             where
             having
             secured
             him
             ,
             hee
             returned
             tow●rds
             Simancas
             ,
             by
             the
             waie
             hee
             lighted
             upon
             a
             partie
             of
             their
             hors
             ,
             that
             had
             been
             scouring
             the
             Countrie
             ,
             those
             hee
             charged
             and
             chased
             into
             the
             very
             Town
             ,
             after
             which
             hee
             returned
             to
             Zaratan
             ,
             with
             a
             great
             prise
             of
             sheep
             ,
             which
             hee
             took
             from
             them
             .
             Three
             daies
             after
             this
             ,
             came
             more
             men
             out
             of
             Valladolid
             with
             the
             Artilerie
             of
             Medina
             .
             Next
             daie
             after
             them
             ,
             marched
             out
             those
             that
             came
             from
             
               los
               Gelves
            
             ,
             who
             were
             quartered
             in
             
               Zaratan
               ,
               Arroyo
            
             ,
             and
             other
             places
             about
             Simancas
             ,
             with
             them
             came
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             who
             although
             sick
             ,
             would
             not
             staie
             behind
             the
             Armie
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             in
             defence
             of
             the
             liberties
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             dead
             or
             alive
             ,
             sick
             or
             in
             health
             ,
             however
             hee
             would
             follow
             the
             Camp
             ,
             such
             was
             the
             courage
             and
             animositie
             of
             a
             Prelate
             threescore
             years
             old
             at
             least
             .
             Besides
             all
             these
             ,
             came
             to
             joyn
             with
             him
             likewise
             
               Iohn
               Bravo
            
             and
             
               Francisco
               Maldonado
            
             ,
             with
             all
             their
             forces
             and
             divers
             hors-men
             .
             Some
             daies
             they
             remained
             in
             Zaratan
             ,
             pillaging
             and
             taking
             what
             they
             could
             from
             those
             of
             Simancas
             and
             Torrelobaton
             .
             Some
             daies
             they
             took
             from
             the
             Inhabitants
             of
             the
             enemie's
             Quarters
             1500
             sheep
             
               per
               diem
            
             ,
             and
             though
             it
             was
             Lent
             ,
             their
             Bishop
             gave
             them
             leav
             to
             eat
             flesh
             ,
             so
             they
             wanted
             for
             no
             good
             cheer
             .
             Another
             time
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             marched
             out
             of
             his
             Quarters
             with
             a
             great
             partie
             of
             hors
             ,
             and
             met
             with
             some
             of
             Simancas
             and
             Torrelobaton's
             Garrisons
             ,
             and
             after
             an
             hot
             skirmish
             ,
             wherein
             som
             on
             both
             sides
             were
             killed
             ,
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             took
             fiftie
             Cavaliers
             ,
             horses
             and
             arms
             ,
             for
             which
             hee
             might
             have
             had
             great
             sums
             of
             monie
             ,
             if
             hee
             would
             have
             ransomed
             them
             ,
             but
             hee
             refused
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXVIII
             .
          
           
             IT
             beeing
             a
             holie
             time
             (
             in
             Lent
             )
             and
             the
             War
             dangerous
             and
             prejudicial
             ,
             divers
             good
             Religious
             men
             interceded
             for
             an
             Accomodation
             of
             these
             differences
             ,
             and
             to
             procure
             an
             absolute
             Peace
             ,
             if
             possible
             .
             At
             Aniago
             (
             a
             Monasterie
             of
             the
             Carthusians
             ,
             upon
             the
             River
             Duero
             ,
             three
             leagues
             from
             Valladolid
             )
             was
             the
             meeting
             place
             to
             Treat
             .
             Those
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             had
             very
             fair
             and
             advantagious
             conditions
             offered
             them
             ,
             but
             their
             heads
             beeing
             possessed
             with
             prejudice
             ,
             and
             their
             hearts
             infected
             with
             the
             poisonous
             vice
             of
             War
             ,
             having
             the
             libertie
             to
             pillage
             and
             spoil
             as
             they
             listed
             ,
             
             they
             would
             not
             hearken
             to
             any
             reason
             .
             Indeed
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             and
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             are
             both
             worthie
             of
             immortal
             prais
             ;
             for
             out
             of
             a
             most
             Christian
             zeal
             and
             affection
             to
             their
             Countrie
             ,
             they
             desired
             this
             peace
             ,
             offering
             the
             Commonalties
             all
             favorable
             and
             reasonable
             terms
             possible
             ,
             and
             indented
             with
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             in
             a
             manner
             ,
             that
             hee
             should
             grant
             and
             confirm
             whatsoever
             they
             agreed
             upon
             with
             them
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             should
             remit
             and
             pardon
             all
             the
             injuries
             they
             had
             done
             to
             his
             Roial
             Crown
             ;
             Protesting
             moreover
             ,
             that
             it
             grieved
             them
             to
             the
             souls
             that
             any
             man
             should
             die
             in
             that
             quarrel
             ;
             yet
             nothing
             would
             do
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXIX
             .
          
           
             ON
             Thursdaie
             ,
             the
             21
             of
             
               Februarie
               ,
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             marched
             out
             of
             Zaratan
             with
             his
             whole
             Camp
             (
             which
             consisted
             of
             seven
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             and
             five
             hundred
             Lances
             )
             at
             two
             of
             the
             clock
             after
             midnight
             ,
             going
             very
             silently
             in
             good
             order
             ,
             and
             taking
             Guides
             along
             with
             them
             to
             shew
             them
             the
             waie
             to
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             in
             the
             very
             Suburbs
             whereof
             hee
             took
             up
             his
             quarters
             ,
             robbing
             and
             plundering
             all
             they
             could
             lay
             hands
             on
             ;
             but
             the
             people
             had
             carried
             all
             their
             best
             goods
             into
             the
             Town
             ,
             which
             was
             very
             strong
             .
             
             The
             next
             daie
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             commanded
             his
             great
             Ordnance
             to
             bee
             planted
             in
             convenient
             places
             ,
             to
             batter
             ●he
             Town
             ,
             which
             hee
             did
             very
             smartly
             ;
             but
             all
             his
             shots
             were
             
             to
             little
             purpose
             ,
             for
             the
             rampires
             were
             extraordinarie
             .
             After
             this
             hee
             gave
             them
             a
             brisk
             assault
             ,
             with
             great
             clamors
             of
             men
             ,
             and
             bouncing
             of
             Guns
             ,
             but
             hee
             got
             nothing
             by
             that
             ,
             for
             the
             besieged
             defended
             themselvs
             with
             much
             resolution
             .
             In
             this
             Conflict
             (
             which
             lasted
             all
             daie
             )
             were
             divers
             slain
             and
             hurt
             ,
             but
             the
             most
             part
             were
             of
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             men
             ,
             who
             fought
             at
             disadvantage
             ,
             having
             no
             defence
             nor
             rampires
             to
             shelter
             them
             ;
             so
             that
             seeing
             the
             great
             loss
             hee
             received
             ,
             and
             the
             little
             good
             hee
             did
             ,
             mos●
             of
             their
             ladders
             beeing
             too
             short
             ,
             and
             those
             that
             ventured
             to
             mount
             up
             ,
             were
             either
             knock'd
             down
             dead
             ,
             or
             shrewdly
             wounded
             ,
             hee
             thought
             it
             his
             best
             waie
             to
             fall
             off
             ,
             and
             sound
             a
             Retreat
             ;
             so
             the
             combate
             ceased
             for
             that
             time
             :
             All
             that
             night
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             labored
             to
             entrench
             himself
             ,
             and
             rais
             a
             batterie
             in
             another
             place
             ,
             that
             hee
             might
             give
             them
             another
             fresh
             assault
             the
             next
             daie
             .
             The
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             the
             others
             at
             Tordesillas
             ,
             beeing
             advertised
             of
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             beeing
             advanced
             to
             Torrelabaton
             ,
             sent
             presently
             to
             draw
             the
             Garrisons
             out
             of
             Simancas
             ,
             and
             Portillo
             ,
             with
             intent
             to
             reliev
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             if
             possible
             ,
             although
             they
             were
             but
             weak
             in
             Foot
             ,
             and
             the
             enemie
             had
             great
             store
             ,
             and
             very
             good
             .
             First
             they
             sent
             out
             two
             Troops
             of
             Hors
             to
             discover
             the
             order
             and
             strength
             of
             the
             enemie's
             Camp
             ,
             with
             whom
             they
             had
             som
             slight
             skirmishes
             .
             This
             daie
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             wasted
             in
             raising
             a
             new
             batterie
             ,
             and
             planting
             his
             Artillerie
             ,
             but
             hee
             found
             that
             p●rt
             of
             the
             Town
             no
             less
             strong
             then
             the
             former
             ,
             so
             that
             hee
             could
             do
             no
             execution
             ;
             but
             on
             the
             morrow
             (
             which
             was
             the
             third
             daie
             of
             his
             beeing
             there
             )
             hee
             removed
             his
             Ordnance
             to
             another
             part
             of
             the
             wall
             ,
             which
             was
             weaker
             ,
             where
             hee
             made
             som
             breaches
             ,
             which
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             and
             Toledo
             spying
             ,
             ran
             presently
             hurrying
             without
             order
             to
             enter
             ;
             the
             dispute
             continued
             very
             hot
             a
             great
             while
             ;
             but
             the
             Besieged
             behaved
             themselvs
             so
             gallantly
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             forced
             to
             retreat
             with
             no
             smal
             loss
             .
             The
             same
             daie
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             Captain
             General
             ,
             having
             left
             a
             sufficient
             Guard
             in
             Tordesillas
             ,
             marched
             out
             to
             face
             the
             enemie
             ,
             with
             a
             matter
             of
             a
             thousand
             Lances
             ,
             intending
             to
             give
             the
             Alarm
             on
             one
             side
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             whil'st
             the
             Governor
             
               Don
               Francisco
               Ossorio
            
             ,
             Lord
             of
             Valdonquillo
             carried
             in
             a
             fresh
             suppli●
             of
             souldiers
             on
             the
             other
             .
             Hee
             desired
             of
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             
             that
             they
             might
             bee
             Horsmen
             ,
             but
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             thought
             that
             not
             so
             convenient
             ,
             hee
             having
             more
             need
             of
             the
             Cavalrie
             for
             the
             field-battle
             :
             Beeing
             com
             within
             sight
             of
             the
             Town
             in
             the
             Evening
             ,
             they
             staied
             upon
             the
             top
             of
             a
             hill
             ,
             whence
             the
             Earl
             sent
             a
             partie
             of
             his
             Hors
             to
             skirmish
             with
             som
             Arcabusiers
             ,
             (
             who
             beeing
             betwixt
             the
             besieged
             ,
             and
             the
             mud-walls
             ,
             stood
             much
             to
             their
             advantage
             )
             but
             seeing
             his
             men
             cruelly
             galled
             ,
             and
             able
             to
             do
             no
             good
             there
             ,
             hee
             commanded
             they
             should
             retreat
             to
             the
             bodie
             ,
             which
             was
             still
             upon
             the
             hill
             expecting
             
               Don
               Francisco
               Ossorio
            
             to
             put
             in
             execution
             their
             intended
             design
             :
             but
             whil'st
             they
             were
             thus
             staying
             ,
             arrived
             a
             Gentleman
             with
             a
             Letter
             from
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             hee
             might
             return
             again
             ,
             for
             hee
             had
             notice
             since
             ,
             that
             there
             was
             no
             such
             need
             of
             putting
             any
             succor
             into
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             for
             there
             was
             already
             strength
             sufficient
             to
             defend
             it
             ;
             notwithstanding
             this
             countermand
             ,
             divers
             Gentlemen
             offered
             to
             go
             into
             the
             Town
             ;
             but
             it
             could
             not
             bee
             attempted
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             having
             forbidden
             the
             Ladders
             to
             bee
             brought
             ,
             which
             were
             agreed
             upon
             .
             So
             it
             behoved
             the
             Earl
             to
             go
             back
             again
             that
             night
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             without
             bringing
             his
             purpose
             to
             effect
             ,
             to
             satisfie
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             who
             (
             as
             it
             afterwards
             proved
             )
             was
             very
             much
             over-seen
             therein
             :
             But
             som
             say
             ,
             hee
             was
             angrie
             becaus
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             did
             not
             follow
             his
             advice
             in
             the
             prosecution
             of
             that
             design
             .
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             beeing
             alarmed
             by
             these
             thousand
             Hors
             ,
             and
             finding
             that
             hee
             had
             not
             force
             enough
             for
             the
             offensive
             and
             defensive
             both
             ,
             sent
             presently
             to
             Valladolid
             for
             more
             .
             Upon
             receipt
             of
             his
             Letter
             ,
             three
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             and
             four
             hundred
             Hors
             were
             ordered
             to
             march
             to
             the
             Armie
             at
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             vvho
             vvent
             vvith
             as
             good
             a
             will
             to
             fight
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             gon
             to
             gain
             the
             Iubilee
             .
             On
             Saturday
             28
             Febr.
             they
             arrived
             in
             the
             suburbs
             ,
             to
             the
             no
             less
             rejoicing
             and
             encouragement
             of
             the
             Besiegers
             ,
             then
             the
             dis-heartening
             and
             terror
             of
             the
             Besieged
             ;
             who
             sent
             to
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             complaining
             very
             much
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             onely
             that
             Citie
             ●id
             them
             all
             the
             mischief
             .
             Sunday
             ,
             Munday
             ,
             and
             Tuesday
             they
             battered
             incessantly
             with
             all
             their
             Ordnance
             ,
             and
             very
             many
             were
             killed
             on
             both
             sides
             :
             A
             man
             could
             not
             peep
             above
             the
             wall
             ,
             but
             hee
             had
             presently
             a
             bullet
             ,
             or
             an
             arrow
             in
             his
             head
             :
             yet
             the
             Cavaliers
             
             stood
             out
             manfully
             ;
             but
             beeing
             not
             above
             four
             hundred
             Foot
             ,
             and
             som
             few
             Hors
             ,
             they
             were
             not
             able
             to
             defend
             themselvs
             ,
             and
             w●thstand
             the
             continual
             assaults
             of
             the
             Enemie
             ,
             having
             no
             intermission
             nor
             time
             to
             take
             any
             rest
             ,
             besides
             provisions
             began
             to
             fail
             them
             .
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             having
             raised
             several
             batteries
             against
             the
             Town
             ,
             at
             last
             one
             of
             them
             made
             a
             breach
             ,
             where
             (
             whil'st
             the
             besieged
             were
             defending
             themselvs
             in
             another
             part
             of
             the
             Town
             )
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             entred
             with
             their
             Colors
             ;
             they
             sacked
             the
             Town
             with
             the
             greatest
             crueltie
             in
             the
             world
             :
             they
             killed
             the
             poor
             laboring
             men
             ,
             becaus
             they
             could
             not
             give
             them
             what
             they
             demanded
             ,
             spilled
             all
             their
             Wines
             ,
             breaking
             the
             tubs
             in
             pieces
             ;
             they
             plundered
             the
             Churches
             ,
             stript
             the
             Altars
             ,
             and
             broke
             open
             the
             Tombs
             ,
             thinking
             to
             finde
             som
             hidden
             treasure
             therein
             .
             Finally
             they
             did
             such
             things
             ,
             that
             the
             most
             savage
             bruits
             ,
             who
             have
             not
             the
             use
             of
             reason
             ,
             could
             not
             do
             wors
             ,
             respecting
             neither
             humane
             things
             nor
             divine
             .
             Next
             daie
             beeing
             Wednesdaie
             ,
             they
             fell
             to
             battering
             of
             the
             Tower
             ,
             which
             defended
             it self
             stoutly
             ,
             but
             beeing
             full
             of
             women
             and
             children
             that
             had
             retired
             themselvs
             thither
             for
             securitie
             (
             who
             feeling
             it
             shake
             at
             everie
             shot
             that
             hit
             it
             )
             cried
             out
             ,
             fearing
             it
             would
             fall
             upon
             their
             heads
             ,
             and
             having
             nothing
             to
             eat
             ,
             it
             was
             surrendered
             upon
             condition
             to
             secure
             all
             their
             lives
             ,
             
             and
             half
             their
             goods
             .
             Thus
             
               Iohn
               d●
               Padilla
            
             took
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             which
             was
             no
             inconsiderable
             piece
             of
             service
             ▪
             Hereby
             hee
             gained
             himself
             much
             reputation
             amongst
             the
             Common-people
             ,
             it
             beeing
             but
             three
             leagues
             from
             Tordesillas
             ,
             where
             the
             Governors
             ,
             with
             all
             their
             forces
             ,
             were
             .
             The
             Towns
             which
             stood
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             made
             great
             shews
             of
             rejoicing
             for
             this
             Victorie
             .
             The
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             those
             that
             were
             with
             him
             ,
             were
             cruelly
             netled
             hereat
             ,
             and
             beeing
             vexed
             more
             for
             their
             honor's
             sake
             ,
             then
             for
             the
             importance
             of
             the
             place
             ,
             they
             resolved
             to
             bee
             revenged
             .
             So
             they
             gave
             notice
             forthwith
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             of
             all
             passages
             ,
             who
             commanded
             immediately
             four
             thousand
             men
             (
             which
             hee
             had
             ready
             )
             with
             four
             pieces
             of
             Ordnance
             ,
             to
             march
             by
             the
             waie
             of
             Palencia
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             whereof
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Mendoça
            
             having
             intelligence
             ,
             sallied
             out
             of
             Valladolid
             with
             above
             four
             thousand
             Foo●
             ,
             and
             stopt
             their
             passage
             .
             T●e
             Cavaliers
             seeing
             they
             could
             get
             no
             succor
             that
             waie
             ,
             nor
             having
             
             men
             enough
             in
             Tordesillas
             to
             encounter
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             who
             was
             very
             strong
             ,
             besides
             all
             the
             Cities
             beeing
             their
             enemies
             ,
             they
             sent
             to
             demand
             a
             Truce
             for
             eight
             daies
             of
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             which
             although
             he
             ,
             and
             som
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             that
             were
             with
             him
             ,
             were
             not
             unwilling
             to
             grant
             ,
             yet
             they
             durst
             not
             ,
             without
             consulting
             with
             Valladolid
             ;
             for
             in
             regard
             they
             stood
             in
             great
             need
             of
             that
             Citie
             ,
             and
             were
             very
             much
             favored
             and
             assisted
             by
             them
             ,
             they
             bare
             them
             a
             singular
             respect
             ,
             and
             would
             determine
             nothing
             without
             their
             privitie
             .
             This
             was
             communicated
             to
             all
             the
             people
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             discussed
             ;
             at
             length
             they
             all
             agreed
             to
             return
             this
             answer
             ,
             That
             they
             should
             by
             no
             means
             grant
             them
             any
             truce
             ,
             no
             ,
             not
             for
             one
             hour
             ,
             but
             proceed
             against
             them
             with
             all
             manner
             of
             rigor
             ;
             for
             it
             was
             most
             certain
             ,
             that
             they
             demanded
             a
             Truce
             for
             nothing
             els
             ,
             but
             meerly
             to
             recruit
             themselvs
             of
             men
             and
             provisions
             ,
             to
             the
             prejudice
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ;
             and
             if
             they
             did
             grant
             them
             eight
             or
             fifteen
             daies
             libertie
             ,
             by
             the
             ancient
             law
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             they
             might
             renew
             their
             Cessation
             still
             to
             ninetie
             and
             six
             daies
             ,
             and
             so
             from
             ninetie
             six
             to
             ninetie
             six
             ,
             until
             the
             year
             were
             out
             ;
             by
             which
             procrastinations
             ,
             the
             Commonalties
             would
             bee
             destroied
             and
             ruined
             ,
             and
             the
             people
             lose
             their
             courage
             and
             good
             zeal
             ,
             which
             at
             present
             did
             animate
             them
             to
             defend
             their
             Liberties
             :
             yet
             notwithstanding
             Valladolid
             sent
             this
             answer
             ,
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             the
             Commanders
             of
             the
             Armie
             did
             grant
             the
             Truce
             for
             eight
             daies
             ,
             from
             Sunday
             to
             Sundaie
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXIX
             .
          
           
             THis
             Cessation
             was
             demanded
             after
             the
             taking
             of
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             although
             that
             much
             displeased
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             
               Fray
               Francisco
               de
               los
               Angeles
            
             went
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             in
             his
             and
             the
             Cardinal's
             name
             ,
             to
             treat
             thereof
             ,
             whom
             
               Alonso
               de
               Vera
            
             a
             bridler
             and
             one
             of
             the
             worshipful
             Citie
             officers
             ,
             meeting
             at
             the
             Gate
             
               del
               Campo
            
             ,
             treated
             very
             uncivilly
             ,
             and
             would
             not
             suffer
             to
             enter
             into
             the
             Citie
             .
             After
             this
             ,
             
               Alonso
               de
               Ortiz
            
             ,
             with
             danger
             enough
             of
             his
             life
             ,
             ventured
             to
             return
             thither
             ,
             with
             Letters
             of
             credence
             to
             treat
             about
             the
             same
             business
             .
             Who
             beeing
             entred
             into
             the
             Citie
             ,
             
             communicated
             his
             errand
             to
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Ayala
            
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Ulloa
            
             ,
             (
             whom
             hee
             found
             died
             in
             grain
             for
             his
             purpose
             )
             and
             forth
             with
             they
             gave
             order
             ,
             that
             the
             Iunta
             should
             assemble
             to
             hear
             the
             message
             that
             
               Alonso
               de
               Ortiz
            
             brought
             from
             Tordesillas
             .
             Which
             beeing
             heard
             ,
             and
             the
             Articles
             and
             conditions
             of
             the
             Truce
             being
             almost
             concluded
             ,
             and
             the
             time
             for
             the
             continuance
             thereof
             limited
             ;
             it
             chanced
             that
             
               Fray
               Pablo
            
             and
             
               Sancho
               Zimbron
            
             (
             who
             ●arried
             the
             Articles
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             into
             Flanders
             ,
             to
             get
             them
             granted
             and
             au●horized
             by
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             as
             hath
             been
             alreadie
             mentioned
             )
             arrived
             at
             Valladolid
             :
             And
             hearing
             that
             they
             were
             about
             a
             Treatie
             of
             Cessation
             of
             Arms
             ,
             
               Fray
               Pablo
            
             presently
             sent
             notice
             of
             his
             arrival
             to
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             desiring
             them
             that
             they
             would
             not
             conclude
             of
             either
             Peace
             ,
             or
             War
             ,
             or
             Truce
             ;
             until
             hee
             came
             to
             give
             them
             an
             account
             of
             the
             employment
             ,
             upon
             which
             they
             had
             sent
             him
             into
             Flanders
             .
             Hereupon
             that
             business
             was
             suspended
             until
             the
             evening
             :
             And
             then
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             beeing
             set
             againe
             ,
             
               Fray
               Pablo
            
             came
             and
             gave
             them
             an
             account
             of
             his
             journie
             ,
             and
             what
             hee
             had
             done
             .
             Amongst
             other
             relations
             ,
             hee
             told
             them
             ,
             that
             when
             hee
             came
             into
             Flanders
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             was
             gon
             into
             Germanie
             ,
             whither
             hee
             and
             
               Sancho
               Zimbron
            
             intended
             to
             follow
             him
             ;
             but
             by
             the
             waie
             hee
             was
             informed
             that
             his
             Majestie
             had
             given
             order
             (
             if
             they
             came
             into
             Germanie
             )
             to
             have
             them
             hanged
             ;
             Whereupon
             they
             went
             no
             further
             .
             Moreover
             ,
             that
             hee
             knew
             that
             his
             Majestie
             was
             so
             displeased
             with
             those
             Articles
             ,
             and
             so
             incensed
             against
             those
             that
             had
             a●y
             hand
             in
             the
             making
             of
             them
             ,
             or
             in
             raising
             those
             Commotions
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             that
             at
             his
             return
             into
             Spain
             ,
             they
             should
             bee
             all
             severely
             punished
             ,
             notwithstanding
             any
             engagement
             or
             promises
             the
             Governors
             had
             made
             to
             the
             contrarie
             in
             his
             name
             .
             This
             information
             the
             Frier
             gave
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Kingdoms
             ,
             besides
             divers
             other
             particulars
             ,
             which
             are
             too
             tedious
             to
             relate
             .
             In
             conclusion
             ,
             hee
             told
             them
             that
             his
             advice
             was
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             contract
             neither
             Peace
             nor
             Truce
             with
             the
             Grandees
             ,
             but
             stand
             firm
             and
             unanimously
             persevere
             in
             their
             former
             resolution
             .
             So
             that
             if
             his
             Majestie
             would
             com
             again
             into
             their
             Kingdom
             ,
             〈◊〉
             might
             bee
             through
             their
             means
             ,
             
             and
             not
             by
             the
             Grandees
             .
             For
             that
             beeing
             done
             by
             a
             permissive
             will
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             they
             
             might
             make
             their
             own
             conditions
             ,
             and
             have
             what
             securitie
             they
             pleased
             ;
             besides
             ,
             they
             might
             so
             make
             their
             bargain
             ,
             that
             if
             his
             Majestie
             did
             not
             perform
             his
             agreement
             with
             them
             ,
             the
             Kingdom
             might
             remain
             united
             and
             agreed
             ,
             That
             all
             the
             people
             should
             assemble
             whensoever
             occasion
             did
             require
             ,
             and
             stick
             close
             one
             to
             the
             other
             in
             what
             concerned
             them
             for
             their
             defence
             ,
             and
             have
             sufficent
             assurance
             that
             the
             agreement
             made
             with
             them
             should
             bee
             performed
             .
             Wherefore
             his
             opinion
             was
             ,
             that
             they
             ought
             not
             onely
             ,
             not
             to
             grant
             the
             Truce
             which
             was
             desired
             ,
             but
             couragiously
             to
             persist
             in
             the
             War
             ,
             until
             they
             had
             destroyed
             the
             Grandees
             ,
             and
             made
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             with
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             Lords
             of
             the
             Countrie
             .
             Notwithstanding
             this
             discours
             of
             
               Fray
               Pablo
            
             ,
             the
             Commissioners
             commanded
             Ortiz
             to
             continue
             the
             Treatie
             .
             After
             all
             this
             ,
             it
             hapned
             that
             the
             Frier
             sitting
             next
             to
             Ortiz
             ,
             and
             taking
             him
             to
             bee
             a
             Commissioner
             of
             som
             Citie
             ,
             that
             was
             com
             to
             the
             Iunta
             since
             his
             departure
             ,
             hee
             began
             to
             repeat
             som
             thing
             of
             his
             discours
             to
             the
             other
             Commissioners
             ,
             but
             chiefly
             harped
             upon
             the
             Emperor's
             intent
             to
             punish
             the
             Commoners
             ,
             notwithstanding
             any
             pardon
             the
             Governors
             should
             promise
             them
             in
             his
             behalf
             .
             Whereupon
             ,
             not
             well
             brooking
             his
             speeches
             ,
             Ortiz
             asked
             him
             how
             hee
             knew
             the
             Emperor
             had
             any
             such
             thought
             :
             Hee
             answered
             hee
             was
             told
             so
             .
             Then
             Ortiz
             could
             hold
             no
             longer
             ,
             but
             with
             a
             voice
             that
             might
             bee
             heard
             by
             all
             in
             the
             room
             ,
             said
             ,
             That
             hee
             wondred
             that
             a
             man
             of
             his
             coat
             and
             gravitie
             ,
             beeing
             a
             Doctor
             of
             Divinitie
             ,
             who
             ought
             to
             give
             good
             example
             ,
             should
             positively
             saie
             a
             thing
             of
             such
             importance
             (
             as
             that
             which
             hee
             had
             verified
             to
             those
             Gentlemen
             in
             these
             words
             ,
             (
             
               That
               notwithstanding
               any
               pardon
               the
               Gavernors
               should
               grant
               ,
               confirmed
               by
               his
               Majestie
               ,
               those
               who
               had
               raised
               the
               Commotions
               in
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               his
               Majestie
               would
               punish
               at
               his
               return
               ,
               as
               if
               they
               had
               been
               taken
               in
               the
               fact
            
             )
             upon
             no
             other
             certaintie
             ,
             but
             onely
             hear-saie
             ;
             In
             regard
             those
             words
             were
             enough
             to
             disturb
             and
             hinder
             the
             conclusion
             of
             the
             Truce
             ,
             which
             might
             produce
             a
             Peace
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             his
             dignitie
             and
             profession
             ought
             rather
             to
             endeavour
             to
             make
             Peace
             ,
             when
             other
             hopes
             failed
             ,
             then
             to
             hinder
             and
             obstruct
             the
             means
             of
             procuring
             it
             .
             The
             Frier
             hearing
             this
             ,
             was
             very
             wrath
             ,
             and
             asked
             who
             hee
             was
             ;
             It
             beeing
             told
             him
             
             that
             Ortiz
             was
             the
             man
             that
             sollicited
             for
             the
             Truce
             in
             behalf
             of
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             hee
             stole
             out
             of
             the
             
               Iunta
               .
               Ortiz
            
             staied
             still
             ,
             treating
             with
             the
             Commissioners
             about
             the
             conditions
             of
             the
             Truce
             .
             In
             mean
             time
             
               Fray
               Pablo
            
             went
             to
             som
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             telling
             them
             that
             they
             had
             suffered
             a
             Traitor
             to
             com
             in
             amongst
             them
             ,
             whom
             the
             Grandees
             had
             sent
             under
             the
             notion
             of
             treating
             a
             Truce
             ,
             to
             espie
             what
             was
             done
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             to
             sound
             the
             People's
             inclinations
             :
             That
             in
             his
             opinion
             they
             ought
             to
             turn
             him
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             or
             apprehend
             him
             ,
             and
             make
             him
             confess
             the
             principal
             caus
             of
             his
             coming
             thither
             .
             Presently
             the
             Commoners
             ,
             in
             whose
             heads
             hee
             had
             buzz'd
             these
             things
             ,
             went
             along
             with
             him
             to
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             all
             armed
             ,
             and
             boldly
             rushed
             into
             the
             Chamber
             where
             they
             sate
             ,
             asking
             them
             very
             peremptorily
             ,
             why
             they
             suffered
             a
             Traitor
             to
             com
             into
             the
             Citie
             ,
             to
             spie
             and
             make
             advantage
             of
             their
             proceedings
             ;
             requiring
             the
             Commissioners
             forthwith
             to
             discharge
             him
             the
             Ci●ie
             ,
             otherwise
             they
             would
             apprehend
             him
             and
             make
             him
             give
             them
             an
             account
             of
             his
             business
             there
             ;
             Other
             high
             language
             and
             threatnings
             they
             used
             ,
             which
             put
             Ortiz
             in
             a
             bodily
             fear
             .
             The
             Co●missioners
             with
             smooth
             and
             flattering
             words
             pacified
             them
             in
             such
             sort
             ,
             that
             they
             went
             quietly
             awaie
             .
             Which
             done
             ,
             Ortiz
             thus
             spake
             unto
             them
             ,
             Gentlemen
             ,
             If
             becaus
             I
             came
             hither
             upon
             your
             words
             and
             assurance
             to
             treat
             of
             the
             Truce
             ,
             this
             stir
             and
             combustion
             hath
             been
             rais●d
             ,
             rather
             then
             the
             people
             shall
             turn
             mee
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             I
             will
             depart
             :
             But
             if
             you
             pleas
             to
             treat
             further
             of
             the
             business
             ,
             for
             which
             I
             have
             undertaken
             this
             journie
             ,
             and
             will
             promiss
             as
             you
             are
             Gentlemen
             to
             secure
             and
             defend
             mee
             ,
             notwithstanding
             their
             menaces
             ,
             I
             will
             staie
             until
             all
             bee
             concluded
             .
             Those
             of
             the
             Junta
             answered
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             contented
             ,
             and
             gave
             him
             their
             words
             ,
             upon
             the
             faith
             of
             Gentlemen
             ,
             to
             defend
             him
             .
             So
             the
             Treatie
             went
             on
             ,
             and
             they
             stirr'd
             not
             from
             the
             place
             until
             the
             conditions
             were
             all
             concluded
             ,
             
             whereof
             a
             Copie
             was
             given
             to
             Ortiz
             ,
             inclosed
             with
             the
             Conditions
             and
             Articles
             ,
             besides
             a
             particular
             dispatch
             from
             the
             Iunta
             general
             ,
             and
             the
             particular
             Iunta
             of
             Valladolid
             to
             their
             Captains
             ,
             then
             beeing
             at
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             giving
             them
             to
             understand
             ,
             that
             they
             had
             agreed
             unto
             that
             Truce
             ,
             and
             commanding
             them
             to
             obeie
             it
             ,
             and
             caus
             it
             to
             bee
             proclaimed
             
             in
             their
             Armie
             ,
             verbatim
             as
             it
             was
             there
             written
             .
             With
             these
             dispatches
             departed
             Ortiz
             post
             from
             Valladolid
             ,
             after
             eleven
             of
             the
             Clock
             in
             the
             night
             ,
             and
             arrived
             at
             Torrelobaton
             about
             one
             ;
             where
             hee
             found
             neither
             in
             the
             Camp
             ,
             nor
             in
             the
             Town
             ,
             any
             Guard
             ;
             so
             hee
             entred
             into
             the
             Suburbs
             with
             his
             servants
             ,
             where
             two
             thousand
             men
             laie
             fast
             asleep
             about
             their
             fires
             ,
             so
             careless
             ,
             that
             two
             hundred
             men
             ,
             falling
             upon
             them
             at
             that
             time
             ,
             had
             been
             enough
             to
             have
             destroied
             the
             whole
             Armie
             .
             Ortiz
             lost
             no
             time
             ,
             but
             forthwith
             hee
             notified
             to
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             and
             other
             Commanders
             ,
             the
             Orders
             for
             the
             Truce
             .
             That
             same
             night
             ,
             and
             next
             morning
             ,
             they
             all
             assembled
             ,
             and
             although
             there
             were
             som
             dissenting
             opinions
             amongst
             them
             ,
             and
             difficulties
             of
             either
             accepting
             or
             keeping
             it
             ,
             especially
             beeing
             contradicted
             highly
             by
             
               Diego
               de
               Guzman
            
             ,
             Commissioner
             of
             Salamanca
             ,
             who
             ,
             by
             command
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             came
             into
             the
             Armie
             ,
             under
             notion
             of
             beeing
             the
             General
             's
             overseer
             .
             At
             length
             the
             Truce
             was
             accepted
             and
             proclaimed
             in
             the
             Armie
             ;
             
             whereof
             Ortiz
             taking
             certificate
             ,
             departed
             presently
             for
             Tordesillas
             ,
             where
             hee
             was
             joifully
             received
             by
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             and
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             with
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Grandees
             ,
             who
             all
             were
             very
             glad
             of
             that
             Truce
             ,
             as
             thinking
             it
             the
             precursor
             of
             the
             so
             generally
             desired
             Peace
             .
             The
             same
             night
             being
             assembled
             in
             the
             Cardinal's
             Chamber
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Astorga
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Miranda
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             
               Alva
               de
               Lista
            
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Villarrambla
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Cifuentes
             ,
             and
             divers
             other
             private
             Gentlemen
             ,
             besides
             
               Iuan
               Rodriquez
               Mausino
            
             ,
             Embassador
             from
             the
             King
             of
             
               Portugal
               ,
               El
               Licenciado
               Polanca
            
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             and
             
               Pedro
               de
               Camaceli
            
             Secretarie
             ;
             Before
             them
             all
             Ortiz
             related
             the
             troubles
             which
             hee
             had
             gon
             through
             ,
             and
             produced
             the
             Dispatches
             which
             hee
             brought
             concerning
             the
             Truce
             ,
             wherein
             those
             of
             the
             Junta
             said
             ,
             That
             they
             were
             contented
             to
             condescend
             to
             the
             Truce
             ,
             which
             was
             desired
             in
             the
             behalf
             of
             the
             Governors
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             the
             service
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             becaus
             the
             King
             of
             Portugal
             had
             so
             commanded
             it
             :
             The
             Nobles
             were
             much
             distasted
             hereat
             ,
             saying
             ,
             They
             would
             not
             consent
             to
             the
             Truce
             upon
             such
             terms
             ;
             
             that
             they
             were
             not
             so
             ill
             provided
             ,
             as
             that
             the
             Commoners
             should
             think
             they
             had
             any
             advantage
             of
             them
             :
             That
             they
             were
             ready
             to
             give
             them
             battle
             whensoever
             
             they
             would
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Truce
             should
             not
             bee
             accepted
             nor
             proclaimed
             in
             their
             Armie
             ,
             unless
             those
             words
             were
             altered
             .
             Hereupon
             were
             different
             opinions
             and
             votes
             ;
             at
             last
             it
             was
             resolved
             that
             Ortiz
             should
             go
             back
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             to
             treat
             thereupon
             .
             Som
             daies
             were
             spent
             whil'st
             this
             was
             in
             agitation
             ,
             during
             which
             time
             neither
             the
             Truce
             was
             well
             observed
             ,
             neither
             was
             there
             open
             War.
             
             Whereupon
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             especially
             Valladolid
             ,
             were
             highly
             discontented
             ,
             and
             went
             muttering
             out
             their
             complaints
             in
             these
             or
             the
             like
             words
             ,
             That
             their
             Captains
             having
             raised
             themselvs
             to
             such
             high
             Offices
             ,
             did
             but
             dallie
             and
             grew
             negligent
             of
             the
             Caus
             ;
             That
             the
             Cav●liers
             did
             amuse
             them
             in
             trifling
             away
             the
             time
             in
             Treaties
             ,
             onely
             to
             recruit
             and
             strengthen
             themselvs
             ,
             and
             fall
             upon
             them
             when
             they
             saw
             their
             advantage
             ;
             in
             which
             opinion
             they
             were
             not
             much
             mistaken
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XL.
             
          
           
             
               DOn
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             ,
             and
             
               Alonso
               de
               Guadalaxara
            
             〈◊〉
             ●●●sioner
             of
             Segovia
             ,
             were
             all
             this
             time
             at
             the
             Mo●●●●●
             〈…〉
             Dominicans
             ,
             without
             Tordesillas
             ,
             treating
             of
             Peace
             ●●th
             the
             ●●●dinal
             and
             Lord
             Admiral
             .
             But
             upon
             the
             taking
             and
             sacking
             of
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             beeing
             very
             much
             displeased
             ,
             the
             Treatie
             was
             broken
             off
             for
             a
             while
             ;
             yet
             out
             of
             the
             great
             desire
             hee
             had
             to
             see
             the
             Kingdom
             settled
             ,
             hee
             fell
             to
             treat
             again
             of
             the
             Peace
             .
             And
             beeing
             agreed
             upon
             som
             Articles
             ,
             it
             was
             the
             general
             opinion
             of
             them
             ,
             that
             the
             Cessation
             would
             conduce
             much
             to
             the
             conclusion
             of
             the
             rest
             ;
             for
             the
             better
             and
             more
             speedy
             effecting
             whereof
             ,
             divers
             Prelates
             and
             good
             Religious
             men
             came
             from
             several
             parts
             to
             ass●●t
             at
             the
             Treatie
             .
             The
             Governors
             and
             Noblemen
             condescended
             to
             the
             greatest
             part
             ,
             and
             most
             important
             of
             the
             Articles
             ,
             which
             the
             Commonalties
             desired
             ,
             and
             the
             Peace
             was
             in
             a
             fair
             waie
             of
             beeing
             concluded
             ;
             but
             the
             Commoners
             were
             so
             mistrustful
             ,
             that
             they
             could
             not
             agree
             about
             the
             securitie
             :
             the
             Governors
             and
             Grandees
             offered
             to
             oblige
             their
             persons
             and
             estates
             to
             procure
             the
             Emperor's
             approbation
             and
             confirmation
             of
             their
             agreement
             with
             the
             people
             ,
             besides
             other
             very
             fair
             propositions
             which
             the
             King
             of
             Portugal's
             Embassador
             did
             
             much
             incite
             the
             Commoners
             to
             accept
             :
             But
             they
             would
             have
             the
             Grandees
             engage
             themselvs
             to
             demand
             it
             by
             force
             of
             arms
             ,
             in
             case
             the
             Emperor
             should
             denie
             to
             ratifie
             their
             conditions
             and
             promises
             to
             the
             people
             ,
             delivering
             them
             som
             principal
             persons
             as
             hostages
             ,
             and
             certain
             Forts
             (
             then
             in
             their
             hands
             )
             as
             pledges
             of
             their
             performance
             thereof
             .
             Insomuch
             that
             t●eir
             standing
             upon
             such
             terms
             ,
             destroied
             absolutely
             all
             hopes
             and
             probabilitie
             of
             Peace
             .
             Yet
             hoping
             that
             time
             might
             produce
             som
             better
             effect
             ,
             it
             was
             resolved
             before
             the
             Truce
             was
             fully
             expired
             ,
             to
             procure
             a
             Prorogation
             or
             a
             renewing
             of
             it
             ;
             to
             vvhich
             effect
             the
             Embassador
             of
             Portugal
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             ,
             taking
             som
             grave
             Religious
             men
             vvith
             them
             ,
             the
             last
             daie
             of
             the
             Truce
             vvent
             to
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             and
             gave
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             Captains
             ,
             an
             account
             of
             all
             passages
             ;
             who
             ,
             whether
             not
             willing
             ,
             or
             not
             having
             the
             power
             to
             grant
             their
             desires
             ,
             agreed
             (
             although
             the
             Truce
             was
             out
             )
             to
             go
             to
             Zaratan
             ;
             where
             those
             of
             the
             Junta
             assembled
             to
             treat
             thereupon
             .
             But
             they
             were
             so
             high
             ,
             and
             fearing
             thereby
             to
             lose
             their
             great
             Offices
             ,
             especially
             the
             Commanders
             of
             the
             Armie
             ,
             that
             they
             could
             agree
             upon
             neither
             Peace
             nor
             Truce
             ,
             although
             som
             of
             the
             Iunta
             did
             give
             their
             Votes
             for
             it
             ,
             whereof
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
               de
               la
               Vega
            
             was
             the
             leading
             man
             ,
             who
             from
             that
             time
             forwards
             left
             them
             ,
             withdrawing
             himself
             from
             that
             Assemblie
             ,
             and
             went
             to
             the
             Governors
             at
             Tordesillas
             .
             
             Thus
             the
             Truce
             and
             Treaties
             came
             to
             nothing
             ,
             onely
             this
             benefit
             they
             produced
             ,
             that
             in
             those
             eight
             daies
             time
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             lost
             a
             good
             part
             of
             his
             Armie
             ;
             for
             those
             souldiers
             ,
             who
             had
             gotten
             monie
             ,
             or
             any
             good
             plunder
             at
             the
             sacking
             of
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             the
             passages
             beeing
             free
             and
             secure
             during
             the
             Truce
             ,
             went
             home
             to
             their
             own
             dwellings
             ;
             the
             like
             did
             divers
             of
             the
             Hors
             of
             the
             antient
             Guards
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             becaus
             they
             were
             not
             paied
             .
             After
             this
             there
             was
             another
             Assemblie
             at
             Bamba
             ,
             whither
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             sent
             for
             ,
             who
             beeing
             com
             ,
             they
             all
             agreed
             to
             sit
             at
             Zaratan
             .
             Thither
             repaired
             divers
             from
             Valladolid
             on
             hors-back
             and
             on
             foot
             ,
             to
             small
             purpose
             :
             The
             Grandees
             demanded
             Truce
             for
             eight
             daies
             more
             ,
             or
             for
             three
             ;
             but
             the
             Commoners
             would
             by
             no
             means
             give
             consent
             thereunto
             ,
             alleging
             that
             they
             would
             deceiv
             them
             :
             then
             they
             went
             to
             dinner
             ,
             but
             beeing
             ready
             to
             sit
             down
             ,
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             
             had
             notice
             ,
             that
             they
             had
             a
             design
             to
             murther
             him
             ,
             whereupon
             ,
             without
             staying
             to
             eat
             or
             drink
             ,
             away
             went
             hee
             to
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             and
             the
             rest
             to
             Tordesillas
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XLI
             .
          
           
             BY
             this
             time
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Zun̄iga
            
             had
             on
             foot
             a
             complete
             Armie
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             in
             favor
             of
             his
             Majesties
             loial
             servants
             ,
             and
             to
             reduce
             Ocan̄a
             ,
             which
             with
             other
             places
             of
             the
             Maestrazgo
             of
             Santjago
             was
             risen
             up
             in
             Arms
             :
             and
             beeing
             at
             Almaguer
             ,
             the
             Gardian
             of
             St
             
               Iuan
               de
               los
               Reyes
            
             of
             Toledo
             came
             to
             him
             with
             certain
             admonitions
             and
             treaties
             from
             that
             Citie
             ,
             and
             Commonaltie
             thereof
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             there
             was
             a
             kinde
             of
             Truce
             betwixt
             them
             ,
             and
             probabilities
             of
             a
             peaceable
             accommodation
             :
             but
             it
             fell
             out
             otherwise
             ,
             and
             their
             difference
             grevv
             to
             an
             open
             War
             ,
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             beeing
             made
             Captain
             for
             Ocan̄a
             ,
             and
             other
             revolted
             places
             ,
             against
             
               Don
               Antoni
            
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XLII
             .
          
           
             IN
             some
             papers
             which
             I
             have
             seen
             Originals
             of
             
               Fray
               Antonio
               de
               Guevaua
            
             ,
             Chronicler
             to
             his
             Imperial
             Majestie
             ,
             concerning
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             Hee
             mention's
             that
             the
             Town
             of
             Duen̄as
             likewise
             rose
             up
             in
             Arms
             ,
             and
             misdemeaned
             themselvs
             exceedingly
             towards
             the
             Earl
             and
             Countess
             of
             Buendia
             ,
             who
             making
             resistance
             against
             their
             furie
             ,
             the
             people
             sent
             to
             desire
             succor
             from
             those
             of
             the
             Junta
             .
             And
             hee
             saie's
             that
             those
             of
             the
             Junta
             and
             the
             Commoners
             also
             did
             seem
             to
             bee
             sorrie
             that
             those
             of
             Duen̄as
             had
             desobliged
             the
             Earl
             ,
             becaus
             neither
             hee
             nor
             his
             Ladie
             had
             expressed
             any
             disaffection
             to
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             and
             that
             of
             secret
             friends
             their
             miscarriage
             had
             now
             made
             them
             open
             enemies
             .
             Yet
             seeing
             that
             it
             was
             of
             no
             small
             concernment
             to
             have
             the
             Town
             of
             Duen̄as
             at
             their
             Devotion
             ,
             the
             succor
             which
             they
             demanded
             ,
             was
             forthwith
             sent
             them
             from
             Valladolid
             ,
             to
             wit
             ,
             seven
             hundred
             Foot
             ,
             Pikemen
             ,
             Muskettiers
             ,
             and
             Cross-bow-men
             ,
             and
             all
             paid
             for
             a
             certain
             time
             .
             For
             which
             they
             returned
             thanks
             in
             a
             Letter
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             wherein
             they
             made
             large
             expressions
             and
             protestations
             of
             their
             firm
             resolution
             to
             
             serv
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             and
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             with
             divers
             other
             things
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XLIII
             .
          
           
             THe
             27th
             of
             March
             1521.
             
             Both
             the
             Armies
             were
             in
             ill
             condition
             enough
             ,
             and
             neither
             of
             them
             could
             boast
             of
             much
             advantage
             over
             the
             other
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             information
             which
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Luxan
               Commendador
               Mayor
            
             of
             Castilla
             beeing
             in
             Simancas
             ,
             did
             give
             the
             Emperor
             ;
             saying
             ,
             That
             in
             that
             Garrison
             they
             stood
             in
             want
             of
             men
             ;
             That
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             with
             the
             other
             Captains
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             had
             taken
             Torrelobaton
             ;
             That
             from
             Tordesillas
             and
             other
             places
             thereabout
             ,
             his
             Foot
             had
             received
             some
             prejudice
             .
             That
             divers
             of
             his
             men
             had
             left
             the
             Camp
             ,
             as
             is
             usual
             when
             an
             Armie
             lie's
             still
             without
             action
             .
             That
             the
             like
             was
             done
             by
             the
             Foot
             in
             the
             Loyal
             Armie
             also
             ,
             but
             of
             hors
             they
             had
             a
             sufficient
             quantitie
             .
             That
             the
             Armie
             remaining
             in
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             was
             reported
             not
             to
             exceed
             two
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             and
             three
             hundred
             hor●
             .
             That
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             and
             those
             with
             him
             were
             upon
             their
             departure
             thence
             ,
             having
             a
             great
             desire
             to
             com
             to
             Simancas
             ,
             where
             they
             presumed
             at
             least
             a
             thousand
             more
             would
             com
             to
             them
             from
             Valladolid
             ,
             out
             of
             revenge
             and
             hatred
             to
             those
             of
             that
             Garrison
             ,
             and
             to
             secure
             themselvs
             from
             any
             further
             dammage
             .
             That
             monie
             began
             to
             grow
             scarce
             amongst
             the
             Commoners
             ,
             and
             that
             their
             souldiers
             were
             ill
             paid
             .
             That
             the
             same
             diseas
             was
             amongst
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             yet
             they
             had
             somwhat
             salved
             that
             sore
             by
             the
             sale
             of
             those
             Noblemen's
             and
             Gentlemen's
             plate
             that
             were
             in
             Tordesillas
             ,
             wherewith
             they
             had
             procured
             monie
             to
             give
             one
             months
             paie
             to
             the
             Foot
             ,
             and
             two
             to
             the
             hors
             
               viz.
               March
            
             and
             April
             ,
             (
             By
             which
             time
             the
             Emperor
             had
             written
             that
             hee
             would
             bee
             back
             in
             Flanders
             and
             readie
             to
             take
             shipping
             for
             Spain
             .
             )
             And
             that
             those
             old
             souldiers
             which
             came
             from
             
               los
               Gelves
            
             ,
             came
             every
             daie
             ,
             by
             two
             and
             three
             at
             a
             time
             ,
             into
             the
             Cavaliers
             Armie
             ,
             and
             gave
             out
             that
             the
             rest
             would
             all
             go
             neer
             to
             follow
             them
             .
          
        
         
           Finis
           Libri
           Quinti
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           THE
           CIVIL
           WARS
           OF
           SPAIN
           .
           THE
           SIXTH
           BOOK
           .
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             I.
             
          
           
             THe
             passions
             seated
             in
             the
             Souls
             of
             men
             are
             in
             effect
             not
             unlike
             to
             the
             recoverie
             of
             a
             bodie
             out
             of
             some
             desperate
             sickness
             :
             For
             any
             the
             least
             excess
             cast's
             the
             affected
             Partie
             into
             a
             relapse
             ,
             and
             by
             an
             untimely
             precipitation
             hurrieth
             him
             into
             the
             Sepulchre
             .
             The
             Cavaliers
             and
             the
             Commoners
             did
             not
             treat
             with
             that
             realtie
             as
             they
             ought
             :
             Some
             made
             a
             fair
             shew
             ,
             and
             seemed
             to
             desire
             a
             Peace
             ,
             though
             they
             were
             best
             contented
             with
             the
             War
             ,
             for
             divers
             particular
             interests
             which
             they
             did
             receiv
             thereby
             .
             
             Others
             dissembled
             (
             though
             not
             altogether
             )
             and
             the
             most
             part
             of
             those
             (
             which
             were
             called
             Commoners
             )
             were
             prepossessed
             with
             a
             diffident
             and
             distrustful
             humor
             ,
             holding
             for
             uncertain
             and
             onely
             pretences
             ,
             all
             the
             conditions
             that
             were
             offred
             them
             on
             the
             behalf
             of
             his
             Majestie
             and
             the
             Cavaliers
             .
             Whilest
             they
             were
             in
             a
             treatie
             during
             the
             eight
             daies
             of
             Truce
             ,
             two
             things
             hapned
             which
             destroyed
             all
             the
             Impostume
             or
             poison
             wherewith
             their
             hearts
             were
             swoln
             ,
             bursting
             out
             into
             the
             disorders
             which
             in
             this
             Book
             shall
             bee
             related
             ,
             and
             shall
             conclude
             this
             deplorable
             Historie
             .
             Insomuch
             that
             the
             clouds
             ,
             which
             hung
             over
             Castilla
             ,
             
             threatning
             a
             cruel
             storm
             ,
             were
             all
             dissipated
             in
             one
             short
             and
             not
             bloodie
             battle
             betwixt
             the
             Cavaliers
             and
             the
             Commoners
             ,
             in
             the
             plain
             of
             Villalar
             ,
             the
             success
             whereof
             struck
             such
             remors
             of
             Conscience
             into
             the
             people's
             hearts
             ,
             and
             the
             Cities
             acknowledging
             their
             errors
             ,
             returned
             to
             their
             obedience
             unto
             him
             ,
             whom
             God
             had
             given
             them
             for
             their
             King
             ,
             serving
             and
             loving
             him
             ,
             as
             shall
             bee
             ●een
             hereafter
             .
             During
             the
             fore-mentioned
             occurrences
             ,
             
               Francisco
               de
               Mercado
               ,
               Corregidor
            
             of
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             ,
             with
             twentie
             hors
             (
             which
             in
             those
             daies
             were
             called
             Esquiers
             )
             and
             other
             persons
             ,
             who
             by
             command
             of
             the
             Iunta
             were
             coming
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             at
             the
             pass
             over
             the
             River
             Duero
             (
             which
             is
             two
             leagues
             from
             Valladolid
             and
             one
             from
             Simancas
             )
             they
             were
             encountred
             by
             a
             partie
             of
             one
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             light-hors
             of
             the
             Earl
             of
             On̄ate's
             ,
             who
             were
             going
             to
             seek
             adventures
             :
             Four
             of
             those
             of
             Medina
             were
             killed
             upon
             the
             place
             ;
             
               Francisco
               de
               Mercado
            
             ,
             the
             Master
             of
             the
             Ordnance
             ,
             and
             two
             more
             were
             taken
             prisoners
             ,
             and
             carried
             to
             Simancas
             .
             Notice
             hereof
             beeing
             given
             at
             Valladolid
             ,
             they
             sent
             out
             a
             strong
             partie
             to
             rescue
             them
             but
             it
             was
             too
             late
             ;
             and
             the
             Corregidor
             of
             Medina
             (
             who
             was
             immediatly
             released
             again
             )
             hindred
             them
             somwhat
             ,
             for
             meeting
             with
             them
             hee
             told
             them
             ,
             They
             might
             go
             back
             again
             ,
             for
             the
             business
             was
             nothing
             ;
             But
             afterwards
             knowing
             the
             truth
             of
             the
             storie
             ,
             they
             apprehended
             the
             Corregidor
             of
             Medina
             for
             a
             suspicious
             person
             ,
             laying
             to
             his
             charge
             the
             loss
             of
             those
             men
             ,
             and
             would
             have
             executed
             him
             presently
             ,
             but
             upon
             more
             serious
             consideration
             they
             held
             it
             best
             to
             dissemble
             and
             forbear
             a
             while
             ,
             lest
             they
             should
             thereby
             indanger
             the
             lives
             of
             those
             that
             were
             prisoners
             at
             Simancas
             .
             So
             they
             sent
             
             first
             to
             demand
             them
             ,
             making
             great
             complaints
             ,
             that
             during
             the
             Truce
             they
             should
             commit
             such
             acts
             of
             hostilitie
             ,
             and
             break
             their
             words
             with
             them
             :
             But
             they
             found
             no
             amends
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             II.
             
          
           
             THat
             which
             chiefly
             incensed
             the
             mindes
             of
             all
             the
             Commonaltie
             was
             ,
             that
             before
             the
             time
             of
             the
             Truce
             was
             exspired
             ,
             there
             was
             set
             up
             (
             they
             knew
             not
             by
             whom
             )
             in
             the
             market
             place
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             a
             Proclamation
             made
             and
             signed
             by
             the
             Governors
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             wherein
             they
             named
             divers
             Citizens
             of
             
               Valladolid
               ,
               Toledo
               ,
               Salamanca
               ,
               Madrid
               ,
               Guadalaxara
               ,
               Murcia
               ,
               Segovia
               ,
               Toro
               ,
               Zamora
               ,
            
             and
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             to
             the
             number
             of
             five
             hundred
             persons
             ,
             and
             som
             Gentlemen
             ,
             declaring
             them
             Traitors
             ,
             Violaters
             of
             their
             faith
             to
             God
             and
             their
             King
             ,
             and
             calling
             the
             Bishop
             ,
             and
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             and
             other
             Officers
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             treacherous
             enemies
             to
             his
             Majestie
             .
             This
             was
             dispatched
             in
             Burgos
             ,
             and
             proclaimed
             with
             great
             solemnitie
             before
             
               Anton
               Gallo
            
             ,
             Chancellor
             and
             Secretarie
             of
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Council
             then
             at
             Burgos
             ,
             and
             divers
             other
             persons
             of
             note
             .
             The
             names
             of
             the
             parties
             mentioned
             beeing
             very
             many
             ,
             and
             that
             importing
             little
             or
             nothing
             to
             the
             substance
             of
             the
             Historie
             ,
             I
             shall
             not
             trouble
             the
             Reader
             therewith
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             III.
             
          
           
             VAlladolid
             ,
             in
             revenge
             of
             this
             Proclamation
             ,
             set
             up
             against
             them
             ,
             and
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             the
             next
             daie
             after
             it
             was
             found
             in
             the
             market
             place
             ,
             they
             pasted
             upon
             the
             door
             of
             
               Santa
               Maria
            
             Church
             (
             which
             is
             now
             the
             Cathedral
             )
             a
             Paper
             ,
             with
             a
             direction
             to
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             animating
             them
             to
             persevere
             in
             their
             holie
             purpose
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             bee
             intimidated
             for
             any
             practices
             of
             the
             Enemies
             ,
             or
             bee
             troubled
             at
             their
             reviling
             them
             with
             such
             opprobrious
             terms
             ,
             and
             encouraging
             all
             those
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             to
             make
             all
             forces
             possible
             ,
             and
             march
             speedily
             into
             the
             field
             with
             so
             numerous
             an
             Armie
             ,
             that
             the
             sight
             of
             them
             onely
             should
             serv
             to
             overcom
             their
             enemies
             without
             fighting
             ,
             by
             
             which
             means
             they
             should
             save
             the
             lives
             of
             many
             men
             ,
             which
             would
             bee
             lost
             ,
             if
             their
             Armies
             met
             with
             equal
             strength
             ,
             besides
             the
             hazard
             to
             which
             they
             should
             expose
             their
             Caus.
             And
             if
             they
             were
             successful
             ,
             the
             War
             would
             bee
             at
             an
             end
             ,
             peace
             and
             plentie
             vvould
             encreas
             ,
             the
             libertie
             and
             publick
             good
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ensue
             ,
             and
             the
             name
             of
             Traitors
             remain
             upon
             the
             Conquerred
             ,
             vvho
             never
             vvould
             dare
             to
             face
             them
             again
             :
             This
             ,
             vvith
             som
             other
             things
             to
             the
             same
             effect
             ,
             vvas
             the
             substance
             of
             that
             Paper
             ,
             vvhich
             the
             Common
             people
             read
             vvith
             great
             content
             and
             applaus
             ,
             crying
             it
             up
             exceedingly
             ,
             and
             sending
             copies
             of
             it
             through
             the
             vvhole
             Kingdom
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             IV.
             
          
           
             Padilla's
             staying
             so
             long
             at
             Torrelobaton
             was
             very
             prejudicial
             to
             the
             Commonalties
             ;
             for
             besides
             that
             hee
             lost
             many
             men
             ,
             hee
             gave
             the
             Cavaliers
             time
             to
             recruit
             and
             strengthen
             themselvs
             notably
             ,
             whereas
             questionless
             if
             hee
             had
             fallen
             upon
             Tordesillas
             assoon
             as
             hee
             had
             taken
             in
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             hee
             had
             driven
             them
             to
             extraordinarie
             straits
             .
             But
             he
             remained
             there
             hugging
             himself
             with
             that
             small
             victorie
             ,
             and
             the
             applaus
             of
             the
             people
             ,
             which
             hee
             had
             thereby
             procured
             :
             Hee
             fell
             to
             repairing
             the
             walls
             which
             hee
             had
             battered
             down
             ,
             as
             if
             hee
             intended
             to
             make
             that
             the
             seat
             and
             residence
             of
             his
             Armie
             ,
             which
             lasted
             not
             long
             after
             .
             The
             Cities
             of
             Toro
             and
             Zamora
             sent
             him
             som
             fresh
             supplies
             ,
             whereof
             the
             Cavaliers
             having
             notice
             ,
             they
             sent
             out
             a
             Partie
             of
             seven
             hundred
             Lances
             to
             cut
             off
             their
             waie
             ,
             and
             their
             lives
             too
             ,
             if
             they
             could
             ;
             near
             Pedrosa
             they
             met
             ,
             and
             after
             a
             prettie
             hot
             skirmish
             ,
             the
             Cavaliers
             forced
             them
             into
             the
             Town
             ,
             where
             they
             besieged
             them
             close
             ;
             but
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             having
             notice
             of
             his
             men's
             distress
             ,
             soon
             came
             to
             reliev
             them
             with
             three
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             and
             five
             hundred
             Hors
             ,
             leaving
             a
             sufficient
             Guard
             in
             Torrelobaton
             :
             whom
             when
             the
             Cavaliers
             saw
             with
             so
             great
             force
             ,
             they
             made
             their
             retreat
             good
             to
             Tordesillas
             ;
             And
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             marched
             with
             his
             men
             to
             Castromonte
             (
             another
             Town
             of
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             's
             )
             and
             having
             taken
             it
             ,
             left
             a
             Garrison
             in
             it
             ,
             and
             thence
             returned
             to
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             intending
             to
             exspect
             the
             succor
             
             for
             which
             hee
             had
             sent
             to
             the
             Cities
             of
             his
             Combination
             ;
             in
             the
             mean
             time
             hee
             repaired
             and
             fortified
             the
             Town
             ,
             (
             as
             I
             said
             before
             )
             lest
             the
             Cavaliers
             of
             Tordesillas
             should
             fall
             upon
             him
             before
             the
             forces
             hee
             exspected
             were
             com
             to
             him
             .
             There
             hee
             began
             to
             be
             sensible
             of
             his
             own
             ill
             government
             ,
             
             and
             of
             the
             dammage
             which
             hee
             received
             by
             his
             too
             great
             confidence
             ,
             which
             soon
             after
             hee
             more
             plainly
             saw
             ,
             to
             the
             loss
             of
             his
             libertie
             and
             life
             .
             For
             it
             is
             a
             blindeness
             and
             imperfection
             of
             a
             man's
             intellect
             to
             thrust
             himself
             upon
             imploiments
             beyond
             the
             reach
             of
             his
             capacitie
             ,
             and
             having
             undertaken
             them
             ,
             to
             bee
             r●miss
             in
             the
             execution
             of
             them
             .
             To
             bee
             the
             occasion
             of
             any
             troubles
             or
             disturbance
             in
             a
             Common-wealth
             is
             not
             Justifiable
             ,
             but
             beeing
             once
             ingaged
             ,
             it
             is
             an
             act
             of
             prudence
             for
             a
             man
             to
             bee
             vigilant
             and
             active
             in
             the
             atchievment
             of
             his
             design
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             V.
             
          
           
             IT
             were
             unjust
             that
             the
             great
             zeal
             wherewith
             the
             Lord
             high
             Admiral
             of
             Castilla
             was
             moved
             to
             reduce
             the
             people
             of
             that
             Kingdom
             (
             which
             were
             up
             in
             Arms
             )
             by
             fair
             means
             and
             without
             bloodshed
             ,
             to
             peace
             and
             due
             obedience
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             should
             pass
             without
             mentioning
             ,
             for
             the
             eternal
             memorie
             of
             so
             noble
             a
             person
             ,
             and
             the
             honor
             of
             his
             generous
             familie
             ,
             who
             (
             as
             it
             is
             well
             known
             )
             was
             of
             the
             blood
             Roial
             .
             Having
             advertisment
             that
             
               Don̄a
               Maria
               Pacheco
               Mendoça
            
             ,
             wife
             to
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             had
             a
             great
             hand
             with
             her
             husband
             ,
             and
             might
             contribute
             much
             to
             the
             withdrawing
             him
             from
             that
             imployment
             ,
             nay
             ,
             that
             hee
             had
             done
             the
             more
             by
             her
             instigation
             and
             spurring
             him
             on
             .
             And
             that
             
               Pedro
               Lopez
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             his
             father
             ,
             was
             yet
             living
             in
             Toledo
             ,
             but
             very
             old
             and
             decrepit
             ;
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             sent
             a
             Gentleman
             ,
             one
             of
             the
             Emperor's
             servants
             to
             them
             ,
             with
             instructions
             full
             of
             prudent
             and
             sage
             counsels
             and
             advice
             ,
             and
             strong
             arguments
             to
             convince
             and
             persuade
             them
             to
             induce
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             to
             moderate
             his
             over-violent
             passion
             ,
             and
             admit
             of
             a
             Treatie
             with
             him
             ,
             advising
             him
             not
             to
             bee
             so
             extreme
             careful
             and
             earnest
             in
             advancing
             the
             affairs
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             as
             to
             forget
             his
             own
             ,
             assuring
             him
             that
             if
             hee
             would
             (
             as
             then
             it
             was
             in
             his
             power
             )
             but
             contribute
             his
             
             consent
             to
             the
             concluding
             of
             a
             Peace
             ,
             hee
             would
             not
             onely
             procure
             a
             pardon
             from
             his
             Majestie
             of
             all
             past-offencers
             ,
             but
             set
             him
             highly
             in
             his
             esteem
             ,
             and
             obtein
             divers
             favors
             and
             Mercedes
             to
             bee
             confirmed
             upon
             him
             and
             his
             children
             .
             These
             ,
             and
             divers
             other
             good
             remonstrances
             hee
             gave
             
               Alonso
               de
               Quin̄ones
            
             to
             urge
             at
             Toledo
             ,
             to
             the
             above-named
             persons
             ;
             but
             hee
             might
             gave
             saved
             that
             labor
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             VI.
             
          
           
             THose
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             hearing
             of
             the
             great
             Power
             which
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             had
             assembled
             in
             the
             Mountains
             ,
             wherewith
             hee
             had
             possessed
             himself
             of
             the
             Artillerie
             ,
             which
             was
             coming
             from
             Navarra
             to
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             Forces
             which
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             had
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             besides
             those
             which
             were
             with
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             had
             their
             hearts
             at
             eas
             ,
             thinking
             their
             game
             cock-sure
             .
             Moreover
             ,
             divers
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             who
             had
             look'd
             on
             till
             then
             ,
             seeing
             the
             Grandees
             so
             hard
             bestead
             ,
             took
             up
             Arms
             to
             make
             good
             the
             Caus
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             .
             And
             had
             things
             been
             as
             those
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             could
             have
             wished
             ,
             they
             would
             have
             had
             partakers
             and
             abettors
             enough
             .
             But
             there
             is
             no
             Law
             in
             this
             life
             for
             the
             good
             ,
             or
             the
             evil
             to
             overcom
             ,
             or
             bee
             overcom
             ;
             for
             favorable
             ,
             or
             an
             advers
             fortune
             .
             Yet
             seeing
             themselvs
             in
             so
             good
             a
             condition
             ,
             and
             highly
             resenting
             the
             Proclamation
             which
             was
             published
             by
             the
             Governors
             ,
             against
             them
             and
             the
             Cities
             ,
             they
             resolved
             to
             paie
             them
             in
             the
             same
             coin
             .
             They
             fulminated
             a
             Process
             as
             they
             pleased
             themselvs
             ,
             and
             having
             commanded
             a
             great
             Scaffold
             to
             bee
             erected
             in
             the
             chief
             market-place
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             adorning
             it
             with
             hangings
             of
             rich
             cloth
             of
             gold
             and
             silk
             ,
             and
             steps
             and
             seats
             placed
             in
             good
             order
             ,
             on
             Sundaie
             the
             17
             of
             March
             ,
             1521
             ,
             all
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             and
             Deputies
             ,
             with
             a
             great
             number
             of
             Attendants
             ,
             and
             sound
             of
             trumpets
             ,
             drums
             ,
             and
             other
             musick
             ,
             came
             and
             seated
             themselvs
             upon
             it
             :
             Before
             them
             went
             the
             Kings
             at
             Arms
             ,
             with
             the
             Maces
             and
             Coats
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             and
             beeing
             placed
             in
             their
             throne
             ,
             their
             Attornie
             general
             read
             with
             a
             loud
             voice
             .
             That
             they
             had
             made
             a
             process
             against
             the
             Admiral
             and
             
             Constable
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             Earl
             of
             
               Alva
               de
               Lista
            
             ,
             Earl
             of
             Salinas
             ,
             Ma●quis
             of
             Astorga
             ,
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Astorga
             ,
             against
             the
             Secretaries
             and
             other
             Officers
             of
             the
             evil
             Council
             (
             for
             so
             they
             termed
             his
             Majestie
             's
             Council
             )
             and
             against
             the
             High
             Treasurers
             ,
             and
             under
             Treasurers
             ;
             the
             Merchants
             ,
             and
             other
             Inhabitants
             of
             
               Burgos
               ,
               Tordesillas
               ,
               ●imancas
            
             ,
             and
             other
             places
             ,
             declaring
             them
             Traitors
             ,
             and
             breakers
             of
             the
             Truce
             ,
             expressing
             divers
             reasons
             ,
             especially
             the
             burning
             of
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             ,
             with
             the
             cruel
             and
             inhumane
             sacking
             of
             Tordesillas
             ,
             wherein
             they
             alleged
             ,
             the
             Cavaliers
             shewed
             neither
             respect
             to
             God
             ,
             nor
             his
             Saints
             ,
             nor
             the
             person
             of
             the
             Queen
             ,
             who
             was
             present
             ;
             and
             that
             two
             Souldiers
             ,
             without
             fear
             of
             God
             or
             their
             own
             consciences
             ,
             broke
             into
             a
             Church
             ,
             and
             stript
             the
             image
             of
             our
             Ladie
             ,
             and
             cut
             off
             one
             of
             her
             arms
             ,
             for
             greediness
             of
             som
             gold
             which
             there
             was
             upon
             it
             .
             That
             som
             others
             took
             away
             the
             Custodia
             ,
             whereof
             one
             eat
             up
             the
             consecrated
             Hostia
             .
             They
             ripped
             up
             a
             thousand
             more
             such
             like
             things
             ,
             which
             I
             shall
             now
             omit
             to
             rehears
             .
             Thus
             our
             Spaniards
             treat●d
             each
             other
             ,
             beeing
             all
             of
             the
             same
             Nation
             and
             language
             ;
             and
             yet
             all
             this
             was
             for
             their
             King's
             service
             ,
             (
             as
             they
             pretended
             )
             and
             to
             free
             the
             Kingdom
             from
             Tyrants
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             VII
             .
          
           
             AFter
             this
             ,
             the
             War
             grew
             very
             hot
             ,
             and
             their
             passions
             on
             both
             sides
             implacable
             ,
             and
             no
             daie
             passed
             without
             some
             sallying
             out
             of
             the
             Garrisons
             to
             robb
             and
             spoil
             each
             other
             .
             Som
             Companies
             of
             musketiers
             having
             notice
             of
             provisions
             and
             munition
             that
             was
             carrying
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             marched
             out
             of
             Torrelobaton
             to
             intercept
             them
             .
             Whereof
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             beeing
             informed
             ,
             took
             a
             stout
             partie
             of
             hors
             with
             him
             ,
             and
             gave
             such
             a
             hot
             charge
             to
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             men
             ,
             that
             hee
             left
             divers
             of
             them
             dead
             upon
             the
             place
             ,
             and
             took
             one
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             prisoners
             ,
             which
             so
             scared
             the
             rest
             ,
             that
             they
             never
             durst
             quatch
             afterwards
             ,
             nor
             make
             any
             incursions
             upon
             his
             Territories
             ,
             as
             when
             they
             came
             first
             thither
             they
             boasted
             they
             would
             do
             .
             Those
             of
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             ,
             roving
             in
             like
             manner
             on
             the
             other
             side
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             with
             
             all
             the
             Nobles
             and
             Gentrie
             in
             Tordesillas
             (
             except
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             whom
             in
             respect
             of
             his
             age
             and
             charge
             of
             Governor
             ,
             they
             desired
             to
             staie
             with
             the
             Queen
             )
             went
             one
             daie
             purposely
             to
             face
             it
             ,
             and
             scour
             the
             whole
             Countrie
             about
             it
             ,
             at
             whose
             appearing
             ,
             those
             of
             the
             Town
             sallied
             forth
             and
             skermished
             with
             them
             ,
             in
             which
             encounter
             some
             of
             them
             were
             sorely
             wounded
             ,
             others
             taken
             prisoners
             ,
             amongst
             whom
             was
             
               Alonso
               Luys
               de
               Quintanilla
            
             their
             Captain
             ,
             Son
             to
             
               Don
               Luys
               Quintanilla
            
             ,
             to
             whom
             (
             as
             is
             alreadie
             said
             )
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             committed
             the
             charge
             of
             her
             Majestie
             ,
             when
             they
             took
             
               Tordesillas
               .
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             having
             intelligence
             from
             some
             Inhabitants
             of
             Tordesillas
             ,
             of
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro's
             grand
             sallie
             .
             Determined
             with
             his
             Armie
             to
             assault
             it
             in
             his
             absence
             ,
             and
             put
             the
             Governors
             to
             a
             rout
             ,
             and
             some
             report
             ,
             that
             hee
             had
             a
             promiss
             from
             those
             inhabitants
             to
             make
             one
             of
             the
             Gates
             for
             him
             :
             Which
             beeing
             told
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             that
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             alreadie
             upon
             his
             march
             ,
             hee
             sent
             word
             immediately
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             who
             lost
             no
             time
             after
             this
             notice
             ,
             but
             with
             all
             his
             gallant
             partie
             came
             thundring
             back
             to
             Tordesillas
             ;
             which
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             perceiving
             ,
             hee
             durst
             not
             prosecute
             his
             design
             ,
             but
             wheeled
             back
             to
             his
             Garrison
             of
             Torrelobaton
             .
             After
             this
             ,
             they
             remained
             some
             daies
             prettie
             quiet
             ,
             without
             any
             encounter
             or
             action
             considerable
             .
             For
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             obstinate
             resolution
             of
             staying
             in
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             his
             Armie
             was
             so
             diminished
             ,
             that
             hee
             had
             not
             men
             enough
             left
             to
             make
             a
             sallie
             of
             any
             consequence
             .
             Wherefore
             hee
             sent
             to
             
               Salamanca
               ,
               Toro
               ,
               Zamora
            
             ,
             and
             other
             Cities
             ,
             demanding
             fresh
             supplies
             .
             On
             the
             other
             side
             ,
             the
             Governors
             agreed
             to
             put
             in
             effect
             what
             they
             had
             discussed
             amongst
             themselvs
             ,
             which
             was
             ,
             That
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             coming
             from
             Burgos
             with
             his
             forces
             ,
             they
             should
             all
             joyn
             in
             one
             bodie
             ,
             and
             make
             up
             an
             Armie
             sufficient
             to
             encounter
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             in
             case
             hee
             should
             take
             the
             field
             ,
             (
             the
             succors
             which
             hee
             exspected
             beeing
             arrived
             )
             or
             to
             besiege
             him
             where
             hee
             was
             :
             for
             beeing
             divided
             ,
             they
             could
             not
             attempt
             either
             of
             those
             enterprises
             ,
             without
             danger
             and
             a
             doubtfulness
             of
             the
             success
             ,
             neither
             indeed
             had
             they
             strength
             enough
             to
             perform
             either
             design
             ,
             considering
             they
             must
             leav
             a
             competent
             Garrison
             in
             Tordesillas
             .
             According
             to
             this
             resolution
             ,
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             
             &
             other
             Noblemen
             ,
             with
             the
             forces
             they
             brought
             w
             th
             them
             to
             Burgos
             ,
             prepared
             themselvs
             for
             the
             journie
             .
             The
             Duke
             of
             Naxara
             ,
             then
             Vice-roy
             of
             Navarra
             ,
             sent
             him
             a
             thousand
             old
             souldiers
             ,
             and
             som
             Artillerie
             ,
             which
             with
             his
             own
             men
             ,
             and
             those
             other
             Noblemen's
             with
             him
             ,
             made
             three
             thousand
             choice
             Foot
             ,
             and
             five
             hundred
             gallant
             Hors
             ,
             well
             Armed
             ,
             besides
             som
             Gentlemen
             ,
             and
             Light
             Horsmen
             ,
             and
             besides
             those
             which
             hee
             sent
             before
             with
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Sarmiento
            
             Earl
             of
             Salinas
             ,
             and
             those
             which
             his
             Nephew
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Xuarez
               de
               Velasco
            
             carried
             to
             subdue
             the
             Merindades
             .
             With
             these
             forces
             marched
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             from
             Burgos
             ,
             leaving
             the
             Citie
             under
             the
             government
             and
             guard
             of
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Velasco
            
             Earl
             of
             Nieva
             ,
             with
             a
             competent
             number
             of
             men
             to
             that
             purpose
             .
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             Captains
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             having
             notice
             hereof
             ,
             sent
             presently
             to
             the
             town
             of
             Vezerril
             (
             which
             is
             in
             Campos
             )
             where
             he
             was
             to
             pass
             ,
             advertising
             and
             requiring
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Figueroa
            
             ,
             brother
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             Arcos
             ,
             (
             who
             still
             followed
             the
             Commonaltie
             with
             som
             Cuirassiers
             ,
             and
             Light
             Horsmen
             ,
             then
             beeing
             at
             Vezerril
             )
             to
             defend
             the
             pass
             ,
             and
             do
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             what
             disturbance
             and
             mischief
             hee
             could
             :
             but
             hee
             beeing
             arrived
             ,
             commanded
             his
             men
             to
             storm
             the
             Town
             ,
             which
             was
             done
             ,
             and
             hee
             entred
             without
             any
             great
             difficultie
             ,
             it
             beeing
             a
             place
             of
             no
             considerable
             strength
             .
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Figueroa
            
             ,
             and
             another
             Gentleman
             with
             him
             ,
             called
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Luna
            
             ,
             were
             sent
             prisoners
             to
             the
             Castle
             of
             Burgos
             ;
             which
             done
             ,
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             continued
             on
             his
             march
             to
             Rioseco
             ,
             where
             hee
             arrived
             with
             four
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             six
             hundred
             Hors
             ,
             three
             or
             four
             great
             Pieces
             of
             Ordnance
             ,
             about
             five
             hundred
             Gascones
             ,
             and
             six
             hundred
             Moors
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Aragon
             ,
             Vassals
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Almenara
             ,
             wherewith
             hee
             served
             the
             Cavaliers
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             VIII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Cavaliers
             had
             so
             plaied
             their
             Cards
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Aragon
             ,
             that
             two
             thousand
             souldiers
             were
             raised
             in
             the
             Citie
             of
             Saragosa
             ,
             and
             paied
             at
             the
             Kingdom
             's
             charge
             ;
             who
             beeing
             mustered
             ,
             and
             ready
             to
             depart
             ,
             the
             Common
             people
             of
             the
             
             Citie
             hearing
             that
             they
             were
             levyed
             in
             favor
             of
             the
             Cavaliers
             against
             the
             Commonalties
             of
             Castilla
             ;
             There
             was
             such
             a
             hubbub
             and
             uproar
             of
             a
             sudden
             in
             the
             Citie
             ,
             that
             all
             the
             people
             fell
             unawars
             upon
             those
             souldiers
             ,
             disarmed
             and
             routed
             them
             quite
             ,
             saying
             ,
             that
             Aragon
             had
             nothing
             to
             do
             to
             meddle
             or
             contradict
             any
             thing
             concerning
             the
             liberties
             of
             Castilla
             .
             
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             who
             was
             retired
             to
             a
             Town
             of
             his
             named
             Pen̄afiel
             ,
             gave
             intelligence
             of
             the
             raising
             of
             these
             men
             ,
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             and
             that
             a
             great
             part
             of
             them
             ,
             after
             they
             were
             disarmed
             ,
             marched
             to
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             at
             Burgos
             ,
             whom
             upon
             this
             notice
             ,
             they
             saie
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             did
             cut
             off
             by
             the
             waie
             ,
             which
             was
             a
             thing
             of
             no
             great
             difficultie
             ,
             considering
             in
             what
             ill
             equipage
             and
             condition
             they
             then
             were
             .
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             said
             moreover
             ,
             that
             hee
             sent
             them
             this
             advertisement
             ,
             meerly
             out
             of
             a
             desire
             to
             express
             his
             readiness
             to
             serv
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             and
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             telling
             them
             ,
             that
             it
             would
             not
             bee
             amiss
             to
             send
             their
             acknowledgments
             and
             thanks
             to
             Saragosa
             ,
             for
             doing
             them
             so
             great
             a
             favor
             without
             beeing
             desired
             .
             Hee
             wrote
             another
             letter
             to
             Valladolid
             immediately
             after
             hee
             had
             deserted
             them
             ,
             and
             relinquished
             the
             office
             of
             Captain
             General
             ,
             vindicating
             himself
             of
             the
             suspitions
             and
             fault
             wherewith
             they
             charged
             him
             ,
             offering
             to
             return
             unto
             his
             Command
             ,
             and
             desiring
             them
             to
             bee
             favorable
             in
             their
             censure
             ,
             until
             they
             knew
             further
             :
             Whereupon
             som
             gave
             their
             Votes
             for
             his
             returning
             to
             his
             Charge
             ,
             alleging
             ,
             that
             although
             hee
             had
             committed
             an
             error
             ,
             and
             in
             probabilitie
             not
             unwillingly
             ,
             
             in
             marching
             to
             Villapando
             ,
             and
             leaving
             the
             waie
             clear
             for
             the
             Cavaliers
             to
             go
             from
             Rioseco
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             the
             fault
             was
             chiefly
             to
             bee
             derived
             upon
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             .
             But
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             had
             gained
             so
             much
             repute
             amongst
             them
             ,
             and
             the
             Common
             People
             ,
             that
             most
             of
             the
             Iunta
             disliked
             that
             proposition
             :
             And
             it
             was
             better
             for
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             they
             did
             so
             ,
             for
             it
             was
             a
             stain
             to
             the
             greatness
             of
             his
             birth
             to
             bee
             Captain
             of
             such
             people
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             IX
             .
          
           
             BEfore
             I
             com
             to
             relate
             the
             end
             which
             befell
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             and
             the
             Iunta's
             Armie
             ,
             the
             several
             passages
             and
             exploits
             of
             
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             present
             themselvs
             unto
             my
             pen.
             When
             hee
             marched
             from
             Valladolid
             ,
             by
             the
             Iunta's
             order
             ,
             hee
             gave
             out
             that
             hee
             went
             to
             take
             possession
             of
             the
             Arch-Bishoprick
             of
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             then
             vacant
             by
             the
             death
             of
             
               Guillermo
               de
               Crouij
            
             ,
             nephew
             to
             
               Monsieur
               de
               Xeures
            
             .
             Hee
             carried
             with
             him
             an
             hand●om
             Armie
             of
             both
             Foot
             and
             Hors
             ,
             with
             five
             field-pieces
             .
             In
             Toledo
             hee
             was
             very
             well
             received
             ,
             and
             the
             Citie
             furnished
             him
             with
             more
             men
             and
             Artillerie
             ,
             from
             
               Alcala
               de
               Henares
            
             hee
             took
             six
             Pieces
             more
             ,
             so
             that
             hee
             had
             in
             all
             fifteen
             Pieces
             of
             Ordnance
             .
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Zun̄iga
            
             his
             adversarie
             was
             likewise
             very
             strong
             ,
             having
             at
             least
             six
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             and
             proportionable
             number
             of
             Hors
             ,
             besides
             divers
             Gentlemen
             that
             were
             com
             to
             assist
             him
             .
             Amongst
             whom
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Guzman
            
             ,
             a
             valiant
             young
             Gentleman
             (
             whom
             his
             Majestie
             made
             the
             first
             Earl
             of
             Olivares
             )
             was
             chiefly
             taken
             notice
             of
             for
             his
             good
             service
             .
             I
             have
             already
             mentioned
             how
             the
             Dutchess
             of
             
               Medina
               Sidonia
               ,
               Don̄a
               Leonora
               de
               Zun̄iga
               ,
            
             by
             her
             masculine
             courage
             and
             resolution
             ,
             appeased
             the
             disorders
             and
             insurrection
             which
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Figueroa
            
             attempted
             to
             rais
             in
             Sevilla
             :
             since
             which
             ,
             hearing
             of
             the
             Commotions
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             and
             that
             her
             brother
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Zun̄iga
            
             ,
             Prior
             of
             
               San
               Iuan
            
             ,
             was
             engaged
             in
             the
             suppressing
             of
             them
             ,
             shee
             pick'd
             out
             a
             thousand
             of
             her
             choicest
             Foot
             ,
             and
             an
             hundred
             Hors
             ,
             with
             six
             field-pieces
             ,
             all
             at
             the
             Duke
             ,
             her
             eldest
             son's
             charges
             ,
             and
             sent
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Guzman
            
             ,
             her
             third
             son
             with
             them
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             ,
             in
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Zuniga
            
             ,
             his
             unkle's
             companie
             ,
             hee
             should
             give
             testimonie
             of
             his
             valor
             and
             fidelitie
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             against
             those
             revolters
             .
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Caravajal
            
             ,
             Lord
             of
             Todar
             ,
             and
             his
             brother
             
               Don
               Alonso
            
             ,
             came
             likewise
             to
             assist
             
               Don
               Antonio
            
             in
             this
             expedition
             with
             a
             reasonable
             number
             of
             men
             .
             With
             all
             which
             forces
             the
             Prior
             marched
             out
             of
             Almaguer
             toward
             Ocan̄a
             ,
             thinking
             to
             reduce
             it
             to
             his
             Majesties
             subjection
             either
             by
             force
             or
             composition
             .
             The
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             ,
             who
             had
             no
             less
             forces
             with
             him
             ,
             put
             his
             Armie
             in
             a
             posture
             to
             encounter
             him
             ,
             and
             both
             came
             into
             the
             field
             with
             a
             full
             determination
             to
             fight
             ,
             which
             som
             devout
             religious
             men
             grieving
             for
             the
             loss
             that
             both
             parties
             were
             like
             to
             sustein
             ,
             endeavored
             by
             many
             pious
             remonstrances
             and
             persuasions
             to
             divert
             ,
             but
             all
             they
             
             could
             obtein
             was
             a
             Truce
             for
             three
             daies
             .
             The
             event
             of
             these
             Armies
             is
             diversly
             related
             by
             two
             several
             Autors
             ,
             whom
             I
             chiefly
             follow
             in
             this
             narration
             ;
             the
             one
             saith
             ,
             That
             the
             Bshop
             having
             put
             the
             Prior
             to
             flight
             ,
             and
             routed
             his
             Armie
             ,
             remained
             master
             of
             the
             field
             ,
             
             but
             was
             sorely
             wounded
             in
             two
             places
             .
             The
             other
             ,
             
               Pero
               Mexia
            
             ,
             reporteth
             ,
             That
             during
             the
             Treatie
             ,
             som
             scattering
             souldiers
             of
             Antonio's
             Armie
             beeing
             engaged
             with
             som
             of
             the
             Bishop's
             ,
             one
             of
             Antonio's
             Foot-Captains
             seeing
             his
             men
             over-match't
             ,
             without
             any
             order
             from
             the
             Prior
             ,
             charged
             the
             Bishop's
             men
             with
             his
             whole
             Companie
             ,
             &
             so
             both
             Parties
             seeking
             to
             favor
             and
             rescue
             their
             own
             men
             ,
             at
             last
             the
             whole
             Armies
             were
             both
             engaged
             ,
             and
             had
             a
             furious
             battle
             ,
             wherein
             divers
             were
             wounded
             and
             kill'd
             on
             both
             sides
             ;
             at
             last
             the
             Bishop's
             men
             being
             worsted
             ,
             began
             to
             shew
             their
             heels
             ,
             and
             the
             execution
             had
             been
             much
             greater
             if
             the
             night
             had
             not
             separated
             them
             ,
             leaving
             the
             victorie
             and
             glorie
             of
             the
             daie
             to
             Antonio's
             men
             ;
             The
             darknes
             of
             the
             night
             befriended
             the
             Bishop
             very
             much
             in
             his
             escape
             ,
             and
             divers
             of
             his
             men
             ,
             who
             fled
             to
             Ocania
             :
             But
             hee
             made
             no
             long
             staie
             there
             ,
             beeing
             informed
             that
             hee
             was
             pursued
             by
             
               Don
               Antonio
            
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Town
             was
             upon
             terms
             of
             yielding
             to
             him
             ;
             So
             the
             Bishop
             beeing
             gon
             to
             Toledo
             ,
             within
             three
             daies
             Ocania
             was
             surrendred
             to
             
               Don
               Antonio
            
             for
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             upon
             conditions
             of
             pardon
             for
             their
             former
             disobedience
             ,
             and
             they
             received
             him
             with
             great
             solemnitie
             and
             acts
             of
             submission
             .
             After
             which
             
               Don
               Antonio's
            
             Armie
             increased
             daily
             with
             fresh
             supplies
             ,
             which
             hee
             quartered
             in
             all
             the
             frontiers
             and
             Towns
             adjacent
             to
             Toledo
             ,
             continuing
             the
             War
             against
             the
             
               Toledians
               .
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Ribera
            
             did
             the
             like
             on
             the
             other
             side
             of
             the
             River
             Tagus
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             X.
             
          
           
             AMongst
             other
             transactions
             in
             this
             War
             ,
             the
             expedition
             of
             the
             Town
             of
             Mora
             was
             the
             most
             remarkable
             ,
             and
             the
             most
             desastrous
             that
             yet
             hath
             been
             related
             :
             It
             was
             thus
             ,
             The
             Inhabitants
             of
             that
             Town
             beeing
             inclined
             to
             the
             interest
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             rose
             up
             in
             Arms
             ,
             and
             so
             continued
             a
             certain
             time
             ;
             But
             seeing
             the
             Power
             and
             Victorious
             proceedings
             of
             
               Don
               Antonio
            
             ,
             
             they
             capitulated
             with
             him
             ,
             and
             promised
             obedience
             to
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             (
             yet
             so
             little
             constancie
             there
             is
             amongst
             the
             Vulgar
             )
             after
             their
             agreement
             ,
             they
             revolted
             again
             ,
             declaring
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             as
             before
             :
             and
             not
             contented
             with
             this
             ,
             seeing
             one
             of
             Antonio's
             Captains
             pass
             by
             the
             Town
             ,
             with
             som
             sheep
             and
             other
             cattle
             ,
             which
             hee
             had
             taken
             in
             the
             confines
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             they
             sallied
             out
             to
             the
             number
             of
             three
             hundred
             men
             ,
             and
             rescued
             the
             Prize
             ,
             forcing
             him
             to
             flie
             :
             whereupon
             ,
             the
             next
             daie
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Caravajal
            
             ,
             who
             was
             quartered
             two
             leagues
             thence
             at
             Almonacid
             ,
             marching
             out
             with
             his
             Hors
             ,
             joined
             with
             
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Robledo
            
             ,
             who
             had
             the
             Command
             of
             som
             Foot
             companies
             ,
             whom
             
               Don
               Antonio
            
             ,
             at
             the
             instance
             and
             persuasion
             of
             
               Diego
               Lopez
               de
               Avalos
               ,
               Commendador
            
             of
             Mora
             ,
             had
             sent
             to
             keep
             them
             in
             aw
             ,
             and
             make
             them
             stand
             to
             their
             conditions
             ;
             who
             advancing
             toge●her
             to
             the
             very
             walls
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             (
             which
             the
             Inhabitants
             had
             made
             as
             strong
             as
             they
             could
             )
             summoned
             them
             to
             deliver
             it
             for
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             and
             give
             them
             a
             peaceable
             entrance
             :
             But
             they
             sturdily
             refused
             ,
             calling
             them
             Traitors
             ,
             and
             reviling
             them
             in
             base
             injurious
             terms
             ,
             accompanied
             with
             many
             musket
             shots
             ,
             and
             arrows
             .
             
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Robledo
            
             ,
             and
             those
             with
             him
             ,
             enraged
             at
             this
             uncivil
             treatment
             ,
             entred
             the
             Town
             by
             storm
             ,
             and
             forced
             the
             Inhabitants
             to
             retreat
             to
             the
             great
             Church
             ,
             wherein
             they
             had
             put
             all
             their
             wives
             and
             children
             ,
             having
             fortified
             it
             ,
             as
             they
             could
             ,
             and
             dammed
             up
             all
             the
             doors
             but
             one
             ,
             which
             ,
             though
             open
             ,
             was
             barrocadoed
             lustily
             ,
             and
             in
             it
             they
             had
             planted
             two
             Fawkenets
             ,
             with
             som
             barrels
             of
             powder
             for
             their
             defens
             .
             
               Don
               Hernando
            
             beeing
             com
             thither
             with
             his
             men
             ,
             required
             those
             that
             made
             good
             the
             Church
             to
             submit
             ;
             whereunto
             they
             answered
             with
             a
             shot
             from
             one
             of
             their
             Guns
             ,
             which
             killed
             a
             Corporal
             of
             h●s
             :
             whereat
             his
             souldiers
             growing
             desperate
             ,
             without
             any
             order
             or
             command
             ,
             presently
             fetched
             a
             great
             quantitie
             of
             sprey
             ,
             or
             bavins
             ,
             which
             they
             heaped
             against
             the
             other
             doors
             ,
             and
             set
             fire
             to
             them
             ,
             thinking
             when
             the
             doors
             were
             burned
             down
             ,
             to
             enter
             into
             the
             Church
             .
             But
             the
             fire
             coming
             to
             the
             barrels
             and
             the
             tubs
             wherewith
             the
             doors
             were
             barrocadoed
             on
             the
             inside
             ,
             made
             such
             a
             blaze
             ,
             that
             the
             timber
             of
             the
             Church
             taking
             fire
             therewith
             ,
             all
             was
             immediately
             of
             a
             flame
             ;
             and
             the
             poor
             people's
             having
             no
             
             waie
             out
             but
             through
             the
             fire
             ,
             nor
             any
             breathing
             place
             within
             the
             Church
             ,
             were
             well-nigh
             all
             consumed
             ;
             At
             least
             three
             thousand
             persons
             lost
             their
             lives
             in
             that
             miserable
             manner
             ,
             which
             was
             very
             much
             lamented
             all
             the
             Kingdom
             over
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XI
             .
          
           
             THe
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             was
             not
             idle
             all
             this
             while
             ,
             hee
             had
             as
             great
             a
             fire
             ,
             in
             a
             manner
             ,
             as
             this
             ,
             within
             himself
             .
             Hee
             went
             to
             Toledo
             disguised
             ,
             and
             alone
             ,
             having
             left
             his
             men
             two
             or
             three
             leagues
             off
             the
             Citie
             ,
             but
             beeing
             arrived
             ,
             hee
             made
             himself
             known
             ;
             whereupon
             the
             people
             presently
             flocked
             to
             see
             him
             with
             great
             eagerness
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             high
             value
             and
             esteem
             which
             hee
             had
             acquired
             amongst
             the
             Commonalties
             .
             The
             Citie
             made
             exceeding
             demonstrations
             of
             joie
             for
             his
             coming
             thither
             ,
             and
             forthwith
             granted
             him
             the
             administration
             of
             the
             Arch-Bishoprick
             ,
             according
             to
             his
             desire
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             had
             been
             Popes
             .
             In
             accomplishment
             whereof
             ,
             they
             carried
             him
             with
             great
             solemnitie
             to
             t●e
             Cathedral
             Church
             ,
             and
             placed
             him
             in
             the
             Arch-bishop's
             seat
             :
             Which
             act
             and
             form
             of
             taking
             possession
             beeing
             past
             ,
             they
             gave
             him
             monie
             ,
             and
             a
             good
             quantitie
             of
             Church-plate
             ,
             wherewith
             to
             paie
             his
             souldiers
             .
             This
             made
             him
             return
             merrily
             to
             his
             Armie
             ,
             and
             soon
             after
             hee
             went
             to
             reliev
             Avila
             ,
             which
             was
             besieged
             by
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Ribera
            
             ,
             before
             mentioned
             :
             Which
             hee
             did
             with
             the
             loss
             of
             manie
             men
             on
             both
             sides
             .
             That
             done
             ,
             hee
             used
             all
             means
             possible
             to
             mischief
             and
             endammage
             
               Don
               Antonio's
            
             Armie
             ,
             but
             hee
             could
             do
             him
             no
             great
             harm
             ,
             hee
             beeing
             grown
             very
             powerfull
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             fresh
             supplies
             that
             daily
             came
             in
             to
             his
             assistance
             ,
             especially
             by
             the
             recruit
             which
             his
             Nephew
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Guzman
            
             ,
             brother
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Medina
               Sidonia
            
             ,
             brought
             him
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XII
             .
          
           
             AT
             the
             same
             time
             that
             the
             Bishop
             departed
             from
             Valladolid
             to
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             
               Toledo
               ,
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Mendoça
               ,
            
             with
             seven
             hundred
             men
             ,
             raised
             and
             paid
             by
             the
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             marched
             
             to
             succor
             Duen̄as
             against
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ,
             whom
             they
             feared
             would
             laie
             siege
             to
             that
             Town
             .
             But
             seeing
             there
             was
             no
             great
             need
             of
             him
             there
             ,
             hee
             went
             to
             Villacis
             (
             which
             is
             a
             wall'd
             Town
             and
             indifferent
             strong
             ,
             one
             league
             from
             Carrion
             )
             which
             hee
             entred
             by
             storm
             and
             sacked
             .
             Thus
             the
             confusion
             and
             ruine
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             grew
             daily
             greater
             and
             greater
             ,
             which
             much
             perplexed
             the
             Governors
             ,
             and
             grieved
             all
             those
             that
             were
             truly
             zealous
             for
             the
             publick
             good
             .
             Yet
             there
             was
             no
             waie
             left
             unattempted
             to
             procure
             a
             peace
             ,
             but
             nothing
             concluded
             .
             The
             more
             the
             Cities
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             suffred
             ,
             the
             more
             their
             hearts
             were
             hardned
             ,
             peremptorily
             resolving
             to
             stand
             to
             the
             rigorous
             arbitrement
             of
             War
             for
             the
             ending
             of
             their
             differences
             .
             And
             Valladolid
             beeing
             the
             chief
             seat
             of
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             and
             as
             it
             were
             ,
             the
             sinewes
             of
             the
             War
             ,
             all
             the
             other
             places
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             made
             their
             addresses
             to
             that
             Citie
             ,
             extolling
             it
             to
             the
             skies
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             was
             the
             onely
             firm
             Piller
             which
             supported
             their
             Holie
             pretensions
             ,
             whence
             they
             expected
             the
             benefi●
             of
             their
             libertie
             .
             Amongst
             others
             ,
             the
             Citie
             of
             Leon
             having
             levied
             some
             monies
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             the
             Iunta's
             command
             sent
             a
             Letter
             to
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             highly
             magnifying
             the
             Justice
             and
             holiness
             of
             their
             caus
             ,
             thanking
             and
             commending
             them
             exceedingly
             for
             their
             care
             and
             vigilance
             in
             the
             mainteinance
             and
             prosecution
             thereof
             ,
             and
             lastly
             excusing
             themselvs
             that
             they
             could
             procure
             no
             more
             monie
             to
             send
             them
             at
             that
             present
             ,
             promising
             within
             short
             time
             to
             rais
             a
             more
             considerable
             summe
             for
             the
             furtherance
             of
             that
             holie
             design
             ,
             and
             their
             treasure
             beeing
             exhausted
             ,
             to
             engage
             their
             own
             persons
             ,
             with
             all
             their
             friends
             and
             allyes
             in
             whatsoever
             they
             should
             pleas
             to
             command
             them
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XIII
             .
          
           
             
               PAlacios
               de
               Meneses
            
             ,
             a
             Town
             not
             far
             from
             
               Medina
               de
               Rioseco
            
             ,
             would
             needs
             enter
             into
             the
             same
             brawl
             with
             the
             Commoners
             ,
             and
             rise
             up
             in
             Arms
             with
             them
             .
             
               Don
               Alonso
               Enriquez
            
             Bishop
             of
             Osma
             ,
             brother
             to
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             the
             Earl
             
               Don
               Hernando
            
             beeing
             at
             that
             time
             in
             Medina
             ,
             drew
             out
             three
             thousand
             Foot
             and
             one
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             hors
             ,
             with
             which
             they
             marched
             
             directly
             to
             
               Palacios
               de
               Meneses
            
             ,
             intending
             to
             storm
             and
             sack
             it
             in
             revenge
             of
             that
             which
             the
             Commoners
             had
             don
             at
             Torrelobaton
             .
             This
             design
             beeing
             discovered
             ,
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             sent
             threescore
             hors
             into
             Palacios
             ,
             which
             otherwaies
             was
             not
             very
             ill
             provided
             ,
             for
             having
             the
             enemie
             neer
             them
             ,
             their
             continual
             fear
             made
             them
             the
             more
             careful
             and
             circumspect
             .
             There
             was
             within
             the
             Town
             neer
             four
             hundred
             inhabitants
             able
             to
             bear
             Arms
             ,
             all
             well
             provided
             with
             Cross-bows
             and
             other
             weapons
             :
             insomuch
             that
             when
             those
             of
             Rioceco
             came
             thither
             ,
             and
             required
             them
             to
             let
             them
             in
             ,
             they
             answered
             ,
             That
             their
             manner
             of
             coming
             was
             such
             ,
             that
             they
             could
             not
             with
             safe●ie
             permit
             them
             entrance
             .
             Thereupon
             the
             Cavaliers
             bid
             them
             send
             any
             two
             of
             their
             Towns-men
             to
             treat
             with
             them
             ;
             whi●●
             〈◊〉
             ●●d
             .
             But
             beeing
             com
             unto
             them
             ,
             they
             stript
             them
             ,
             〈…〉
             ●●em
             back
             in
             their
             shirts
             ,
             with
             threatnings
             and
             comm●●●●●●liver
             the
             town
             presently
             ,
             otherwise
             they
             would
             ●ansack
             〈◊〉
             ●●●●●oy
             them
             utterly
             .
             The
             Town
             not
             valuing
             their
             mena●●●●●●od
             to
             their
             former
             resolution
             ,
             and
             would
             not
             admi●
             them
             p●●●ing
             themselvs
             in
             a
             defensive
             posture
             ,
             in
             case
             they
             should
             atte●●●
             to
             storm
             them
             .
             The
             Assault
             was
             very
             furious
             ,
             and
             the
             resistance
             of
             the
             Assailed
             no
             less
             couragious
             ,
             killing
             and
             wounding
             ●●ch
             other
             without
             pitie
             ,
             four
             hours
             together
             :
             At
             last
             ,
             those
             within
             beeing
             fewer
             in
             number
             then
             the
             Assailers
             ,
             were
             forced
             to
             quit
             the
             walls
             ,
             which
             the
             enemie
             presently
             scaled
             ,
             and
             placed
             two
             Colors
             upon
             the
             top
             ,
             and
             divers
             others
             were
             following
             them
             :
             but
             when
             those
             of
             Palacios
             saw
             themselvs
             in
             that
             extremitie
             ,
             three
             hundred
             Cross-bow-men
             ,
             and
             many
             with
             slings
             ,
             charged
             them
             so
             thick
             with
             stones
             and
             arrows
             ,
             that
             both
             the
             Ensigns
             beeing
             killed
             ,
             one
             fell
             with
             his
             Colors
             within
             ,
             the
             other
             on
             the
             out-side
             of
             the
             wall
             ;
             so
             that
             those
             of
             Rioseco
             ,
             seeing
             so
             resolute
             a
             resistance
             ,
             were
             glad
             to
             make
             a
             fair
             retreat
             ;
             but
             they
             first
             set
             fire
             to
             the
             gates
             ,
             which
             the
             Towns
             people
             perceiving
             ,
             the
             women
             brought
             presently
             above
             two
             hundred
             great
             pitchers
             of
             Vinegar
             ,
             and
             the
             bow-men
             sent
             such
             clouds
             of
             arrows
             amongst
             them
             ,
             that
             they
             killed
             ten
             of
             their
             men
             ,
             and
             wounded
             a
             great
             number
             .
             With
             this
             paiment
             they
             returned
             to
             Rioseco
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             Palacios
             remained
             very
             well
             pleased
             and
             satisfied
             :
             hereof
             they
             presently
             
             gave
             intelligence
             to
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
               ,
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Mendoça
               ,
            
             Captain
             of
             the
             forces
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             to
             Empudia
             ,
             desiring
             ●uccor
             ,
             les●
             the
             Enemie
             ,
             angrie
             at
             their
             ill
             success
             in
             that
             attempt
             ,
             should
             surprise
             them
             another
             time
             .
             Hereupon
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             commanded
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Mendoça
            
             to
             go
             to
             Palacios
             .
             The
             same
             night
             after
             the
             assault
             ,
             came
             fiftie
             musketiers
             from
             Empudia
             to
             Palacios
             ,
             so
             secretly
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             not
             discovered
             by
             the
             Enemie
             ,
             who
             returned
             the
             next
             daie
             thither
             ,
             thinking
             to
             carrie
             it
             ,
             not
             knowing
             any
             thing
             of
             the
             succor
             which
             came
             to
             them
             of
             Palacios
             over-night
             ,
             which
             ,
             though
             it
             was
             not
             much
             ,
             proved
             of
             great
             importance
             .
             Those
             of
             Rioseco
             fell
             on
             de●perately
             ,
             but
             the
             Towns-men
             ,
             with
             the
             help
             of
             those
             Musketiers
             ,
             defended
             themselvs
             very
             stoutly
             ,
             and
             killed
             their
             men
             so
             fast
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             fain
             to
             retire
             with
             loss
             :
             And
             those
             of
             Palacios
             were
             cried
             up
             for
             gallant
             men
             ,
             having
             repulsed
             so
             many
             enemies
             two
             several
             times
             ,
             without
             the
             loss
             of
             one
             man
             ,
             they
             beeing
             but
             an
             handful
             in
             comparison
             ,
             and
             their
             Town
             not
             strong
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XIV
             .
          
           
             THus
             the
             confusion
             and
             war
             daily
             grew
             more
             violent
             in
             the
             miserable
             Kingdoms
             of
             
               Castilla
               ,
               Toledo
            
             ,
             the
             Province
             of
             Alava
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             Mountains
             of
             Burgos
             .
             In
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Valencia
             there
             was
             nothing
             but
             cutting
             of
             throats
             ,
             and
             robbing
             one
             another
             :
             And
             Valladolid
             ,
             seeing
             the
             Kingdom
             in
             so
             distracted
             a
             condition
             ,
             began
             to
             murmure
             against
             those
             that
             sate
             at
             the
             helm
             ,
             charging
             them
             with
             the
             ill
             managing
             of
             the
             affairs
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             did
             nothing
             but
             trifle
             and
             delaie
             the
             time
             ,
             without
             knowing
             when
             or
             how
             to
             set
             a
             period
             to
             their
             miseries
             :
             They
             desired
             to
             bring
             their
             differences
             to
             an
             end
             ,
             but
             chiefly
             by
             the
             conquest
             of
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             that
             they
             might
             bee
             exempted
             and
             free'd
             from
             such
             great
             mischiefs
             .
             The
             fault
             of
             not
             concluding
             ,
             either
             by
             a
             firm
             peace
             ,
             or
             an
             open
             war
             ,
             they
             imputed
             to
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ;
             who
             to
             enrich
             themselvs
             ,
             and
             becaus
             they
             would
             not
             bee
             brought
             to
             an
             account
             of
             one
             hundred
             and
             fiftie
             thousand
             Duckets
             ,
             which
             they
             had
             received
             ,
             were
             glad
             to
             keep
             things
             from
             a
             conclusion
             ;
             of
             which
             Valladolid
             having
             suffered
             the
             most
             of
             
             any
             place
             ,
             and
             which
             had
             been
             at
             the
             greatest
             expences
             ,
             was
             most
             sensible
             ,
             and
             did
             exceedingly
             lament
             .
             To
             say
             the
             truth
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             as
             well
             of
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             as
             of
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             there
             was
             trouble
             and
             hard
             measure
             enough
             .
             In
             Montealegre
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Osma
             ,
             and
             the
             Earl
             
               Don
               Hernando
            
             ,
             put
             a
             great
             number
             of
             the
             Toledian
             souldiers
             to
             t●e
             rout
             ,
             beeing
             there
             with
             their
             Captains
             ,
             swaggering
             and
             rioting
             ,
             and
             never
             suspecting
             to
             bee
             surprised
             by
             the
             Enemie
             .
             They
             killed
             som
             of
             them
             that
             made
             resistance
             ,
             and
             carried
             near
             two
             hundred
             prisoners
             to
             Rioseco
             .
             Thus
             both
             parties
             studied
             to
             weaken
             &
             ruine
             each
             other
             ,
             and
             betwixt
             them
             consumed
             the
             whole
             Countrie
             .
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             kept
             his
             Court
             in
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             like
             another
             Annibal
             in
             Capua
             .
             Upon
             a
             Mundaie
             ,
             the
             8
             of
             April
             ,
             all
             the
             people
             of
             Valladolid
             rose
             up
             in
             a
             tumultuous
             manner
             ,
             beeing
             wearied
             out
             with
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             and
             discontented
             at
             their
             secret
             and
             long
             consultations
             ,
             without
             concluding
             any
             thing
             .
             In
             this
             disorder
             they
             went
             seeking
             them
             from
             place
             to
             place
             ,
             beeing
             fully
             resolved
             to
             turn
             them
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             or
             know
             of
             them
             the
             reason
             of
             their
             delaies
             ;
             for
             the
             dammage
             which
             they
             daily
             receiv'd
             from
             those
             of
             Simancas
             was
             insufferable
             .
             There
             was
             no
             trading
             at
             all
             ,
             every
             thing
             grew
             so
             excessive
             dear
             ,
             that
             a
             bushel
             of
             wheat
             was
             worth
             eight
             hundred
             Maravediz
             .
             The
             people
             flocked
             in
             multitudes
             to
             the
             great
             Church
             ,
             where
             the
             Deputies
             ,
             with
             the
             Captains
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             were
             assembled
             ,
             with
             loud
             voices
             ,
             and
             lamentable
             cries
             ,
             beseeching
             them
             to
             seek
             som
             remedie
             ,
             for
             their
             miserie
             was
             insupportable
             ,
             desiring
             them
             moreover
             ,
             to
             let
             them
             know
             the
             reason
             ,
             why
             the
             war
             was
             so
             procrastinated
             ,
             and
             urging
             ,
             that
             fiftie
             daies
             were
             past
             without
             any
             action
             of
             war
             ,
             neither
             could
             their
             imaginations
             reach
             to
             what
             they
             intended
             .
             The
             Officers
             answered
             them
             ,
             That
             the
             occasion
             of
             those
             demurres
             was
             ,
             the
             often
             going
             to
             ,
             and
             coming
             from
             Tordesillas
             about
             the
             Treatie
             of
             Peace
             with
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             bidding
             them
             return
             quietly
             to
             their
             houses
             ,
             and
             before
             night
             they
             should
             know
             particularly
             all
             the
             circumstances
             and
             passages
             of
             the
             business
             .
             Whereupon
             the
             people
             praied
             them
             to
             consider
             well
             what
             they
             did
             ,
             and
             not
             to
             let
             them
             suffer
             any
             further
             detriment
             ,
             or
             bee
             burthened
             vvith
             any
             more
             expences
             ,
             for
             vvithin
             less
             then
             seven
             months
             they
             had
             dis-bursed
             above
             one
             hundred
             
             thousand
             and
             five
             hundred
             Duckets
             ,
             besides
             other
             charges
             and
             losses
             ,
             which
             they
             had
             sustained
             beyond
             number
             ,
             yet
             they
             did
             grudg
             none
             of
             all
             this
             ,
             if
             they
             could
             close
             up
             their
             miseries
             with
             peace
             ,
             or
             revenge
             themselvs
             by
             war
             ,
             and
             that
             they
             might
             bee
             permitted
             to
             fall
             upon
             Simancas
             and
             Tordesillas
             ;
             for
             nothing
             grieved
             them
             so
             much
             ,
             as
             that
             they
             could
             not
             have
             their
             wills
             on
             them
             .
             Towards
             the
             Evening
             ,
             the
             people
             of
             every
             Ward
             beeing
             called
             together
             ,
             they
             were
             shewed
             certain
             Articles
             which
             two
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Iunta
             had
             concluded
             with
             the
             Governors
             ,
             and
             brought
             from
             Tordesillas
             ;
             the
             substance
             of
             them
             beeing
             according
             to
             the
             contents
             of
             the
             General
             Articles
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             specified
             at
             large
             already
             ,
             I
             shall
             spare
             to
             trouble
             the
             Reader
             with
             a
             second
             relation
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XV.
             
          
           
             THe
             people
             having
             perused
             these
             Articles
             ,
             would
             by
             no
             means
             approve
             of
             them
             ,
             nor
             consent
             to
             any
             agreement
             ,
             alleging
             ,
             that
             what
             the
             Cavalier
             promised
             therein
             was
             not
             sufficient
             ,
             neither
             was
             it
             certain
             to
             bee
             performed
             ,
             for
             they
             had
             no
             warrant
             from
             his
             Majestie
             so
             especial
             ,
             as
             a
             business
             of
             that
             consequence
             did
             require
             ;
             besides
             ,
             they
             refused
             to
             give
             any
             pledges
             ,
             or
             deliver
             any
             strong
             holds
             into
             the
             Commonaltie's
             possession
             for
             their
             securitie
             .
             And
             since
             the
             conditions
             they
             offered
             them
             were
             neither
             good
             nor
             sure
             ,
             they
             would
             have
             no
             Peace
             ,
             but
             War
             with
             them
             :
             in
             regard
             they
             found
             no
             securitie
             of
             their
             persons
             or
             lives
             without
             it
             .
             The
             Commissioners
             and
             Captains
             ,
             seeing
             all
             the
             people
             fully
             determined
             and
             bent
             to
             give
             the
             Cavaliers
             battle
             ,
             and
             either
             live
             with
             libertie
             ,
             or
             end
             their
             miseries
             with
             death
             ,
             (
             most
             of
             them
             beeing
             of
             the
             same
             opinion
             ,
             deeming
             that
             to
             bee
             their
             onely
             safe
             way
             )
             cherish'd
             them
             in
             that
             resolution
             ,
             presently
             giving
             order
             to
             all
             the
             people
             of
             Valladolid
             to
             bee
             in
             a
             readiness
             ,
             all
             the
             Artillerie
             to
             bee
             prepared
             and
             fitted
             to
             carrie
             into
             the
             field
             :
             the
             like
             was
             done
             through
             all
             the
             Cities
             and
             Towns
             of
             the
             Commonaltie
             ,
             every
             Commissioner
             repairing
             to
             his
             own
             Citie
             and
             Town
             to
             that
             purpose
             :
             Thus
             they
             intended
             in
             one
             daie
             to
             end
             all
             their
             troubles
             ,
             and
             that
             this
             last
             bout
             should
             paie
             for
             all
             their
             
             delaies
             and
             triflings
             ,
             whereby
             they
             had
             ruined
             themselvs
             ,
             and
             given
             the
             Cavaliers
             time
             to
             recruit
             and
             strengthen
             their
             Partie
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XVI
             .
          
           
             ONe
             night
             ,
             whilest
             these
             things
             were
             thus
             in
             agitation
             ,
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             by
             order
             of
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             came
             privately
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             after
             they
             had
             consulted
             with
             him
             concerning
             things
             necessarie
             for
             the
             present
             expedition
             ,
             hee
             returned
             immediately
             to
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             to
             secure
             the
             Artillerie
             which
             was
             there
             ,
             having
             intelligence
             that
             the
             Cavaliers
             in
             Tordesillas
             had
             a
             design
             to
             surprise
             it
             .
             Order
             was
             given
             to
             rais
             him
             two
             thousand
             Foot
             well
             armed
             ,
             with
             two
             hundred
             Lances
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             two
             pieces
             of
             Ordnance
             ,
             for
             two
             purposes
             ;
             the
             one
             ,
             to
             demol●sh
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             which
             hee
             did
             afterwards
             ;
             the
             other
             ,
             to
             give
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             battle
             ,
             before
             hee
             could
             join
             his
             forces
             with
             the
             rest
             .
             For
             those
             from
             Valladolid
             ,
             with
             the
             two
             thousand
             which
             hee
             had
             in
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             and
             those
             which
             hee
             exspected
             hourly
             from
             
               Salamanca
               ,
               Toro
            
             ,
             and
             Zamora
             ,
             (
             who
             were
             six
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             and
             two
             hundred
             lances
             )
             besides
             two
             thousand
             five
             hundred
             from
             Palencia
             ,
             fifteen
             hundred
             from
             Duen̄as
             ,
             four
             hundred
             from
             Palacios
             ,
             and
             others
             from
             the
             Beherrias
             and
             Merindades
             ,
             would
             make
             him
             an
             Armie
             of
             fourteen
             thousand
             .
             But
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             were
             so
             long
             before
             they
             could
             bee
             in
             fit
             equipage
             to
             march
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             Tovvns
             and
             Cities
             not
             sending
             in
             their
             supplies
             time
             enough
             ,
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             could
             not
             execute
             his
             design
             against
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             ;
             vvho
             (
             as
             you
             have
             heard
             )
             took
             Vezerril
             ,
             and
             marched
             into
             Rioseco
             vvith
             four
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             six
             hundred
             lances
             ,
             three
             or
             four
             pieces
             of
             Artillerie
             ,
             &c.
             
             So
             that
             ,
             through
             the
             vveakness
             and
             vvant
             of
             care
             of
             the
             Commoners
             Captains
             ,
             hee
             soon
             after
             set
             a
             period
             to
             that
             so
             miserably
             contentious
             and
             destructive
             War.
             The
             Cavaliers
             on
             the
             one
             partie
             ,
             and
             the
             Cities
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             on
             the
             other
             ,
             raised
             all
             the
             force
             they
             could
             possibly
             for
             this
             expedition
             .
             The
             Citie
             of
             Palencia
             sent
             six
             hundred
             men
             and
             tvvo
             pieces
             of
             Ordnance
             .
             Duen̄as
             four
             hundred
             men
             and
             tvvo
             pieces
             of
             Ordnance
             .
             
               Baltanas
               de
               
               Cerrato
            
             two
             hundred
             .
             Those
             of
             
               Segovia
               ,
               Avila
            
             ,
             and
             Leon
             came
             not
             ;
             Salamanca
             made
             good
             the
             number
             before
             mentioned
             .
             All
             these
             were
             without
             any
             discipline
             or
             experience
             in
             Martial
             affairs
             ,
             and
             amongst
             their
             Officers
             there
             was
             such
             emulations
             ,
             every
             one
             standing
             so
             upon
             their
             punctillio's
             of
             honor
             ,
             each
             Captain
             would
             bee
             chief
             ,
             scorning
             to
             receiv
             orders
             from
             any
             other
             :
             In
             a
             word
             ,
             they
             were
             ill
             bred
             people
             ,
             possessed
             with
             no
             less
             ignorance
             then
             unadvisedness
             ▪
             The
             Merchants
             ,
             and
             other
             Citizens
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             seeing
             the
             ●●siness
             brought
             to
             the
             push
             ,
             and
             the
             people
             resolved
             to
             decide
             ●●eir
             difference
             with
             the
             sword
             ,
             fearing
             or
             doubting
             the
             event
             ,
             ca●●ied
             all
             their
             goods
             and
             Merchandises
             into
             Monasteries
             ,
             having
             shut
             up
             all
             their
             ware-houses
             and
             shops
             ,
             and
             laid
             all
             other
             trading
             aside
             ,
             onely
             for
             matter
             of
             arms
             ,
             every
             one
             providing
             himself
             the
             best
             hee
             could
             .
             The
             poorer
             sort
             of
             people
             beeing
             ready
             to
             starv
             ,
             made
             lamentable
             complaints
             in
             the
             streets
             ,
             crying
             out
             to
             God
             for
             mercie
             ,
             and
             to
             releas
             them
             out
             of
             those
             calamities
             ,
             though
             it
             were
             with
             the
             loss
             of
             their
             lives
             .
             They
             feared
             the
             power
             of
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             who
             had
             an
             Armie
             of
             two
             thousand
             Lances
             ,
             and
             seven
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             of
             the
             choicest
             men
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             all
             well
             armed
             ,
             and
             in
             good
             order
             ,
             with
             stout
             and
             experienced
             Officers
             ,
             under
             the
             Command
             of
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             who
             with
             great
             Vigilancie
             ,
             answerable
             to
             his
             Courage
             ,
             executed
             the
             place
             of
             Captain
             General
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XVII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             marched
             out
             of
             Rioseco
             towards
             Tordesillas
             ,
             the
             19th
             of
             April
             ,
             1521
             ,
             to
             join
             with
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             where
             hee
             was
             exceedingly
             desired
             .
             Beeing
             com
             to
             Pen̄aflor
             near
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             hee
             there
             took
             up
             quarters
             for
             his
             forces
             :
             wence
             hee
             went
             to
             Tordesillas
             ,
             where
             hee
             was
             received
             with
             extraordinarie
             expressions
             of
             joie
             .
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             yet
             in
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             with
             eight
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             five
             hundred
             Lances
             ,
             and
             the
             Artille●ie
             of
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             ,
             exspecting
             more
             supplies
             from
             the
             other
             Cities
             ,
             which
             ,
             by
             their
             ill
             management
             and
             slackness
             ,
             were
             not
             com
             to
             him
             ;
             And
             the
             thousand
             men
             from
             Palencia
             and
             Duen̄as
             were
             also
             hindered
             from
             joining
             with
             him
             ,
             
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable's
             beeing
             at
             Pen̄aflor
             ;
             
             whereby
             hee
             plainly
             perceived
             his
             own
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             Captain
             's
             unadvisedness
             and
             over-sight
             ,
             in
             spinning
             out
             so
             much
             time
             there
             .
             The
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             Grandees
             concluded
             to
             make
             their
             Rande-vous
             at
             Pen̄aflor
             ,
             leaving
             with
             the
             Queen
             ,
             and
             for
             guard
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             the
             Cardinal
             of
             
               Tortosa
               ,
               Don
               Bernardo
               de
               Sandoval
               ,
            
             Marquis
             of
             Denia
             ,
             with
             his
             troop
             of
             Hors
             ,
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Rojas
            
             ,
             Lord
             of
             
               Santiago
               de
               la
               Puebla
            
             with
             his
             ,
             and
             as
             many
             companies
             of
             Foot
             ,
             which
             was
             sufficient
             ,
             the
             walls
             of
             the
             Town
             beeing
             in
             very
             good
             repair
             .
             They
             presently
             dispatched
             orders
             to
             those
             in
             garrison
             at
             Portillo
             ,
             to
             com
             to
             the
             Rande-vous
             ;
             and
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             On̄ate
             to
             staie
             with
             his
             Hors
             in
             Simancas
             ,
             to
             hinder
             Valladolid
             from
             sending
             any
             succor
             to
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             .
             This
             done
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             having
             given
             command
             over-night
             to
             have
             his
             men
             in
             a
             readiness
             ,
             the
             next
             morning
             they
             all
             marched
             to
             Pen̄aflor
             ,
             where
             they
             reposed
             that
             night
             ,
             beeing
             Sundaie
             .
             Mundaie
             by
             break
             of
             daie
             ,
             becaus
             they
             would
             lose
             no
             time
             ,
             the
             Governors
             ,
             and
             the
             Captain
             General
             drew
             all
             their
             forces
             into
             the
             field
             ,
             which
             amounted
             to
             about
             seven
             thousand
             Foot
             ,
             and
             two
             thousand
             four
             hundred
             Hors
             ,
             besides
             som
             Noblemen
             and
             Gentlemen
             of
             the
             greatest
             qualitie
             in
             Castilla
             .
             That
             daie
             they
             did
             nothing
             but
             muster
             their
             men
             ,
             sending
             in
             mean
             time
             som
             Light-horsmen
             to
             discover
             in
             what
             posture
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             in
             Torrelobaton
             ;
             for
             they
             were
             generally
             of
             opinion
             to
             besiege
             him
             so
             close
             ,
             that
             hee
             might
             not
             go
             thence
             without
             giving
             them
             battle
             ;
             and
             they
             made
             no
             question
             of
             worsting
             him
             ,
             their
             Armie
             exceeding
             his
             ,
             if
             not
             in
             number
             ,
             in
             goodness
             and
             valor
             of
             the
             men
             .
             With
             this
             resolution
             they
             returned
             to
             their
             quarters
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XVIII
             .
          
           
             
               JOhn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             Captains
             ,
             understanding
             the
             advantage
             the
             Cavaliers
             would
             have
             of
             them
             in
             the
             field
             ,
             durst
             not
             encounter
             them
             ,
             and
             fearing
             to
             bee
             besieged
             ,
             they
             began
             ,
             too
             late
             ,
             to
             bee
             sensible
             of
             their
             own
             carelesness
             or
             imprudence
             ,
             in
             staying
             so
             long
             at
             Torrelobaton
             ;
             and
             thinking
             their
             safest
             cours
             
             would
             bee
             to
             march
             secretly
             thence
             ,
             assoon
             as
             possibly
             they
             could
             ,
             and
             make
             no
             staie
             until
             they
             arrived
             at
             Toro
             ,
             where
             they
             might
             remain
             securely
             until
             the
             succors
             came
             to
             them
             from
             
               Zamora
               ,
               Leon
               ,
               Salamanca
            
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             Cities
             ,
             (
             whereof
             they
             were
             in
             daily
             exspectation
             )
             or
             go
             from
             thence
             to
             Salamanca
             ,
             as
             they
             saw
             occasion
             ;
             they
             resolved
             so
             to
             do
             .
             Whereupon
             a
             certain
             Priest
             sitting
             at
             the
             table
             with
             him
             ,
             
             thus
             said
             ,
             S
             ir
             !
             I
             have
             seen
             a
             Prophecie
             in
             which
             is
             declared
             that
             the
             Commonalties
             shall
             this
             daie
             bee
             vanquished
             ,
             and
             the
             Cavaliers
             remain
             victorious
             ,
             therefore
             I
             beseech
             you
             S
             ir
             ,
             depart
             not
             this
             daie
             from
             Torr●lobaton
             .
             Whereunto
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             made
             this
             answer
             ,
             
             Go
             ,
             t●ust
             not
             in
             such
             foolish
             and
             vain
             predictions
             ,
             but
             in
             God
             repose
             your
             confidence
             ,
             to
             whom
             I
             shall
             willingly
             sacrifice
             this
             life
             ,
             and
             my
             person
             ,
             for
             the
             publick
             good
             of
             these
             Kingdoms
             ,
             and
             in
             regard
             it
             is
             now
             no
             time
             to
             flinch
             ,
             I
             do
             resolv
             to
             die
             ,
             and
             let
             him
             dispose
             of
             mee
             as
             shall
             bee
             most
             for
             his
             Glorie
             ▪
             This
             was
             on
             Tuesdaie
             morning
             ,
             whilest
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             at
             break-fast
             .
             Which
             done
             ,
             his
             Armie
             marched
             out
             with
             all
             silence
             possible
             ,
             and
             in
             good
             order
             ,
             the
             Artillerie
             in
             the
             Van
             ,
             his
             Foot
             divided
             into
             two
             squadrons
             ,
             and
             hee
             bringing
             up
             the
             rear
             with
             the
             hors
             .
             The
             Governors
             and
             their
             Captain
             General
             soon
             had
             intelligence
             of
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             march
             ,
             and
             presently
             made
             after
             him
             three
             several
             waies
             ,
             whom
             without
             any
             great
             difficultie
             they
             took
             prisoner
             ,
             and
             routed
             all
             his
             Armie
             .
             The
             manner
             of
             their
             fight
             is
             diversly
             reported
             by
             several
             Authors
             ,
             but
             one
             (
             who
             saie's
             hee
             was
             a
             spectator
             thereof
             )
             relate's
             it
             thus
             :
             That
             upon
             St
             George's
             daie
             ,
             the
             Cavaliers
             having
             notice
             of
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla's
            
             departure
             from
             Torrelobaton
             towards
             Toro
             ,
             they
             sallied
             out
             upon
             him
             from
             three
             several
             places
             ,
             those
             of
             Tordesillas
             charged
             his
             Armie
             in
             the
             Van
             ,
             those
             of
             
               Medina
               de
               Rioseco
            
             in
             the
             Rear
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             Simancas
             falling
             desperately
             in
             upon
             the
             Flanks
             ,
             put
             all
             in
             disorder
             .
             The
             Commoners
             marched
             until
             they
             came
             neer
             Villalar
             ,
             in
             very
             good
             order
             ,
             and
             the
             Cavaliers
             were
             of
             several
             opinions
             concerning
             the
             giving
             of
             them
             battle
             ▪
             Some
             said
             it
             was
             enough
             to
             make
             them
             flie
             ,
             and
             lose
             their
             credits
             ;
             and
             that
             it
             was
             wisdom
             not
             to
             put
             a
             business
             of
             such
             importance
             to
             the
             hazard
             of
             one
             battle
             .
             That
             their
             Foot
             was
             very
             numerous
             ,
             and
             in
             appearance
             good
             :
             that
             those
             which
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             brought
             ,
             were
             but
             few
             and
             much
             harassed
             ,
             besides
             
             if
             they
             miscarried
             in
             this
             enterprise
             ,
             their
             hopes
             were
             all
             destroied
             with
             their
             forces
             .
             But
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Astorga
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Alva
             ,
             &
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Toledo
            
             insisted
             with
             much
             eagerness
             to
             charge
             them
             ,
             &
             their
             voices
             carrying
             it
             against
             the
             more
             timorous
             partie
             ,
             they
             did
             make
             after
             them
             :
             Who
             having
             great
             store
             of
             excellent
             hors
             ,
             &
             
               I.
               de
               Padilla's
            
             men
             being
             ill
             disciplin'd
             ,
             besides
             the
             waies
             being
             so
             deep
             that
             they
             could
             hardly
             march
             ,
             &
             seeing
             the
             enemie
             advance
             towards
             them
             in
             great
             bodies
             several
             waies
             ,
             their
             courage
             began
             to
             fail
             ,
             yet
             their
             Captains
             animated
             them
             all
             they
             could
             .
             The
             Cavaliers
             follow'd
             them
             stil
             in
             this
             manner
             ,
             their
             hors
             skirmishing
             now
             &
             then
             with
             them
             ,
             until
             they
             came
             neer
             Villalar
             ,
             where
             ,
             having
             got
             within
             shot
             of
             them
             ,
             they
             let
             flie
             their
             Ordnance
             amongst
             their
             ranks
             (
             who
             march'd
             very
             close
             )
             which
             kill'd
             them
             by
             heaps
             .
             This
             made
             their
             hearts
             fal
             to
             their
             heels
             ,
             &
             for
             hast
             to
             get
             into
             the
             town
             ,
             they
             ran
             one
             over
             the
             other
             ,
             notwithstanding
             all
             their
             officer's
             endeavors
             to
             keep
             them
             in
             order
             ,
             &
             for
             their
             further
             misfortune
             there
             fel
             so
             fierce
             a
             shower
             of
             rain
             ,
             that
             the
             Foot
             stuck
             fast
             ,
             engaged
             in
             the
             mire
             to
             the
             very
             knees
             ,
             neither
             could
             they
             make
             any
             use
             of
             their
             Artillerie
             ,
             partly
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             ill
             wether
             ,
             &
             partly
             through
             the
             baseness
             of
             their
             gunners
             ,
             the
             chief
             wherof
             nam'd
             Saldan̄a
             ,
             a
             native
             of
             Toledo
             not
             wel
             understanding
             his
             office
             ,
             fled
             awaie
             ,
             &
             left
             the
             Artillerie
             in
             a
             plowed
             field
             .
             
             Although
             some
             have
             reported
             that
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Maldonado
            
             dealt
             privatly
             with
             the
             gunners
             ,
             so
             to
             engage
             the
             Ordnance
             ,
             that
             they
             should
             do
             no
             execution
             against
             the
             Cavaliers
             ,
             having
             so
             promised
             his
             Uncle
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             who
             had
             made
             him
             sensible
             of
             his
             error
             .
             However
             it
             was
             ,
             the
             Cavaliers
             seized
             upon
             all
             their
             Artillerie
             ,
             and
             divers
             of
             Padilla's
             men
             both
             Hors
             and
             Foot
             ,
             saved
             themselvs
             by
             coming
             to
             them
             ,
             having
             first
             changed
             their
             red
             crosses
             into
             white
             ones
             ,
             which
             was
             the
             sign
             of
             the
             Loial
             Partie
             .
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             expressed
             a
             great
             deal
             of
             courage
             and
             valour
             in
             his
             own
             person
             ,
             and
             seeing
             his
             game
             quite
             lost
             ,
             hee
             ,
             with
             five
             Horsmen
             more
             ,
             charged
             into
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente's
             troop
             ,
             and
             beeing
             known
             to
             bee
             the
             General
             of
             the
             other
             Partie
             by
             the
             richness
             of
             his
             Armor
             ,
             
             was
             presently
             encountred
             by
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Baçan
            
             ,
             Lord
             of
             Valduerna
             ,
             native
             of
             
               Valladolid
               .
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             in
             complete
             Armor
             ,
             and
             bore
             in
             his
             hand
             a
             Lance
             all
             plated
             with
             iron
             ,
             wherewith
             meeting
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Baçan
            
             (
             who
             was
             a
             corpulent
             heavie
             
             man
             ,
             and
             but
             slightly
             armed
             )
             him
             hee
             gave
             so
             rude
             a
             salutation
             ,
             that
             hee
             was
             soon
             unhors't
             :
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             still
             charged
             on
             ,
             crying
             ,
             
               Santjago
               ,
               Libertad
            
             ,
             (
             which
             was
             the
             Commoner's
             word
             ,
             and
             the
             Cavalier's
             word
             was
             ,
             
               Santa
               Maria
               y
               Carlos
            
             )
             at
             last
             hee
             broke
             his
             Lan●e
             to
             the
             cost
             of
             som
             of
             his
             enemies
             ,
             after
             which
             
               Don
               Alonso
               de
               la
               Cueva
            
             singled
             him
             out
             ,
             and
             having
             wounded
             him
             ,
             
             bade
             him
             deliver
             his
             Arms
             ,
             which
             hee
             did
             .
             Beeing
             thus
             a
             prisoner
             ,
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Ulloa
            
             ,
             a
             Gentleman
             of
             Toro
             ,
             came
             riding
             up
             ,
             and
             asking
             who
             that
             was
             ,
             som
             told
             him
             that
             't
             was
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             whereupon
             hee
             gave
             him
             a
             cut
             over
             the
             Bever
             ,
             and
             hurt
             his
             nose
             ,
             but
             not
             much
             ,
             for
             which
             hee
             was
             mightily
             condemned
             by
             all
             that
             saw
             or
             heard
             of
             that
             ungentleman-like
             action
             .
             So
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             dismounted
             ,
             and
             remained
             Prisoner
             .
             
               John
               Bravo
            
             ,
             Captain
             of
             the
             Segovians
             (
             who
             would
             also
             signalize
             himself
             )
             was
             likewise
             taken
             :
             and
             
               Francisco
               Maldonado
            
             ,
             Captain
             of
             the
             Salamanca
             forces
             ,
             had
             the
             like
             destinie
             ;
             but
             his
             men
             having
             all
             forsaken
             him
             ,
             hee
             was
             catch't
             running
             after
             them
             as
             hard
             as
             hee
             could
             .
             The
             Cavaliers
             spent
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             that
             daie
             in
             wounding
             ,
             killing
             ,
             and
             taking
             ,
             having
             the
             pursuit
             of
             their
             enemies
             two
             long
             leagues
             and
             a
             half
             .
             Many
             dying
             men
             desired
             to
             make
             their
             confessions
             ,
             but
             there
             was
             no
             bodie
             would
             assist
             them
             ,
             nor
             take
             any
             compalsion
             of
             their
             condition
             ,
             which
             was
             a
             lamentable
             spectacle
             ,
             beeing
             all
             Christians
             ,
             friends
             ,
             and
             kindred
             .
             The
             Cavaliers
             beeing
             masters
             of
             the
             field
             ,
             stript
             all
             both
             living
             and
             dead
             ,
             sharing
             the
             spoil
             equally
             amongst
             themselvs
             .
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             vvould
             oft
             bemoan
             his
             sad
             misfortune
             ,
             saying
             ,
             If
             ,
             after
             the
             taking
             of
             Torrelobaton
             ,
             hee
             had
             followed
             on
             his
             victorie
             ,
             hee
             should
             never
             have
             been
             reduced
             to
             so
             deplorable
             a
             condition
             ,
             vvhich
             vvas
             very
             true
             ;
             for
             by
             his
             staying
             tvvo
             months
             there
             ,
             the
             Cavaliers
             cunningly
             delaied
             the
             time
             vvith
             Cessations
             ,
             until
             they
             had
             so
             strengthened
             their
             Partie
             ,
             that
             they
             over-povvered
             him
             .
             But
             the
             All-seeing
             Providence
             disposed
             it
             othervvise
             .
             At
             first
             ,
             the
             Commonalties
             hearing
             that
             their
             Armie
             vvas
             routed
             ,
             and
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             taken
             ,
             gave
             out
             ,
             that
             it
             vvas
             som
             plot
             or
             treacherie
             of
             his
             to
             lose
             the
             battle
             ,
             laying
             many
             other
             things
             of
             this
             nature
             to
             his
             charge
             ,
             but
             they
             vvere
             better
             satisfied
             of
             his
             realitie
             to
             their
             Caus
             ▪
             vvhen
             they
             savv
             hee
             lost
             his
             head
             for
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XIX
             .
          
           
             THe
             next
             morning
             betimes
             ,
             the
             Governors
             commanded
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               la
               Cueva
            
             to
             convoy
             the
             prisoners
             ,
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
               ,
               Don
               Pedro
               Maldonado
               ,
               Francisco
               Maldonado
               ,
            
             &
             
               Iohn
               Bravo
            
             to
             the
             Castle
             of
             Villalva
             .
             While
             they
             were
             preparing
             to
             go
             ,
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             asked
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             whither
             hee
             was
             commanded
             to
             carrie
             them
             ;
             who
             answered
             him
             ,
             That
             for
             the
             present
             they
             were
             to
             go
             to
             Villalva
             ,
             whither
             afterwards
             hee
             knew
             not
             .
             Soon
             after
             they
             were
             sent
             for
             thence
             to
             Villalar
             ,
             and
             put
             into
             a
             hous
             ,
             with
             a
             good
             guard
             upon
             them
             .
             The
             Governors
             beeing
             infomed
             of
             their
             arrival
             there
             ,
             gave
             order
             that
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
               ,
               Iohn
               Bravo
               ,
            
             and
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Maldonado
            
             should
             bee
             beheaded
             ,
             and
             
               Francisco
               Maldonado
            
             carried
             to
             the
             Castle
             of
             Tordesillas
             :
             But
             as
             hee
             was
             on
             the
             waie
             thither
             ,
             a
             messenger
             overtook
             him
             from
             the
             Governors
             ,
             who
             told
             Malbaseda
             ,
             Lievtenant
             to
             
               Don
               Diego
               Hurtado
               de
               Mendoça
            
             ,
             (
             who
             had
             the
             charge
             of
             him
             )
             that
             hee
             should
             bring
             
               Francisco
               Maldonado
            
             back
             again
             to
             execution
             ,
             
             for
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             had
             desired
             them
             not
             to
             behead
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Maldonado
            
             in
             his
             presence
             ,
             beeing
             his
             Nephew
             .
             And
             becaus
             it
             had
             been
             divulged
             ,
             that
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Maldonado
            
             should
             bee
             beheaded
             ,
             which
             at
             the
             Earl's
             entreatie
             was
             countermanded
             ,
             the
             Lords
             had
             Voted
             that
             
               Francisco
               Maldonado
            
             should
             bee
             executed
             in
             his
             place
             .
             So
             hee
             beeing
             returned
             ,
             the
             Governors
             sent
             for
             the
             Alcalde
             of
             the
             Chancerie
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             Commanding
             him
             to
             execute
             Justice
             upon
             the
             persons
             of
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padella
               ,
               Iohn
               Bravo
               ,
            
             and
             
               Francisco
               Maldonado
            
             .
             The
             Alcalde
             presently
             went
             to
             the
             hous
             where
             they
             were
             prisoners
             ,
             and
             bade
             them
             prepare
             themselvs
             ,
             for
             the
             Governors
             had
             given
             order
             for
             their
             executions
             .
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             desired
             him
             to
             send
             him
             a
             learned
             Priest
             to
             confess
             him
             ,
             and
             a
             Notarie
             to
             make
             his
             Will
             ,
             and
             som
             witnesses
             .
             The
             Alcalde
             replied
             ,
             That
             in
             the
             place
             where
             they
             then
             were
             ,
             hee
             could
             not
             exspect
             to
             finde
             any
             men
             of
             extraordinarie
             learning
             ,
             yet
             hee
             would
             enquire
             ,
             and
             if
             hee
             could
             finde
             one
             ,
             hee
             would
             satisfie
             his
             desire
             therein
             :
             but
             as
             for
             a
             Notarie
             to
             make
             his
             Will
             ,
             hee
             need
             not
             trouble
             himself
             ,
             for
             all
             his
             goods
             and
             estate
             were
             Confiscate
             .
             In
             the
             condemnation
             of
             these
             Gentlemen
             ,
             there
             was
             no
             
             process
             ,
             nor
             formal
             proceeding
             made
             ,
             as
             used
             to
             bee
             in
             other
             criminal
             causes
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             evidence
             of
             the
             fact
             ,
             and
             the
             qualitie
             of
             the
             offence
             .
             At
             last
             a
             Priest
             was
             sent
             to
             them
             ,
             and
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             beeing
             at
             Confession
             ,
             a
             Franciscan
             Frier
             came
             ,
             who
             was
             thought
             an
             abler
             man
             ,
             so
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             and
             the
             rest
             ,
             made
             use
             of
             him
             .
             Their
             Confessions
             beeing
             ended
             ,
             they
             were
             brought
             forth
             and
             carried
             upon
             Mules
             to
             the
             place
             of
             Execution
             .
             Before
             them
             went
             a
             Crier
             ,
             saying
             ,
             
               This
               is
               the
               Justice
               which
               his
               Majestie
               ,
               and
               the
               Lord
               High
               Constable
               ,
               with
               the
               other
               Governors
               ,
               do
               command
               in
               his
               name
               to
               bee
               executed
               upon
               the
               persons
               of
               these
               Gentl●men
               ,
               Their
               command
               is
               ,
               that
               they
               shall
               bee
               beheaded
               as
               Traitors
               ,
               disturbers
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               and
               usurpers
               of
               the
               Roial
               Crown
               ,
               &c.
               
            
             The
             said
             
               Alcalde
               Zarate
            
             ,
             and
             the
             
               Licenciado
               Cornejo
               Alcalde
               de
               Corte
            
             went
             along
             with
             them
             to
             autorise
             the
             execution
             of
             the
             Justice
             .
             
             
               John
               Bravo
            
             hearing
             the
             Crier
             saie
             that
             they
             were
             to
             suffer
             for
             beeing
             Traitors
             ,
             hee
             replied
             ,
             
               Hangman
               !
               thou
               liest
               ,
               and
               those
               that
               bid
               thee
               saie
               so
               ,
               we
               are
               no
               Traitors
               ,
               but
               zealous
               for
               the
               publick
               good
               ,
               and
               defendors
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               's
               liberties
               .
            
             Hereupon
             the
             
               Alcalde
               Cornejo
            
             bid
             
               John
               Bravo
            
             hold
             his
             peace
             ;
             whereunto
             
               John
               Bravo
            
             answered
             ,
             I
             know
             not
             what
             ,
             and
             the
             Alcalde
             gave
             him
             a
             punch
             in
             the
             breast
             with
             his
             staff
             ,
             wishing
             him
             to
             consider
             his
             present
             condition
             ,
             and
             not
             affect
             such
             vanities
             .
             And
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             said
             moreover
             to
             him
             ,
             
             
               Sen̄or
               John
               Bravo
            
             ,
             yesterday
             was
             the
             time
             to
             fight
             ,
             and
             shew
             your self
             a
             valiant
             Gentleman
             ,
             this
             daie
             to
             die
             like
             a
             Christian.
             So
             the
             Crier
             continued
             his
             lesson
             until
             they
             came
             to
             the
             place
             of
             execution
             ,
             where
             being
             arrived
             ,
             they
             all
             alighted
             from
             their
             Mules
             to
             receiv
             the
             fatal
             blow
             .
             
               John
               Bravo
            
             beeing
             first
             called
             to
             execution
             ,
             they
             bid
             him
             bend
             and
             settle
             himself
             in
             a
             fit
             posture
             ;
             hee
             replied
             ,
             That
             they
             might
             force
             him
             ,
             if
             they
             would
             ,
             and
             so
             they
             did
             ,
             seizing
             on
             him
             ,
             and
             stretching
             him
             upon
             a
             carpet
             ,
             which
             done
             ,
             the
             Hangman
             cut
             his
             throat
             ,
             and
             would
             do
             no
             more
             ,
             until
             the
             
               Alcalde
               Cornejo
            
             commanded
             him
             to
             cut
             his
             head
             quite
             off
             ,
             saying
             ,
             
               Traitors
               were
               so
               to
               bee
               used
               ,
               and
               their
               heads
               to
               bee
               set
               upon
               the
               gallows
               ,
            
             which
             was
             done
             accordingly
             .
             The
             next
             beeing
             Padilla's
             turn
             ,
             hee
             very
             willingly
             prepared
             himself
             ,
             and
             having
             taken
             of
             certain
             Reliques
             ,
             which
             hee
             wore
             about
             his
             neck
             ,
             hee
             gave
             them
             to
             
               Don
               Enrique
               de
               Sandoval
               y
               Rojas
               ,
            
             (
             eldest
             son
             to
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Denia
             ,
             who
             amongst
             other
             Gentlemen
             
             men
             was
             standing
             with
             him
             )
             praying
             him
             to
             wear
             them
             whil'st
             the
             war
             lasted
             ,
             which
             beeing
             ended
             ,
             hee
             desired
             him
             to
             send
             them
             to
             his
             wife
             
               Don̄a
               Maria
               Pacheco
            
             .
             
             After
             which
             ,
             as
             hee
             went
             to
             place
             himself
             conveniently
             for
             the
             executioner's
             hand
             ,
             hee
             saw
             
               Iohn
               Bravo's
            
             bodie
             lying
             by
             ,
             to
             which
             hee
             said
             onely
             thus
             ,
             
               Are
               you
               there
               good
               Gentleman
            
             ?
             and
             presently
             his
             head
             was
             cut
             off
             like
             
               Iohn
               Bravo's
            
             .
             Soon
             after
             ,
             
               Francisco
               Maldonado
            
             beeing
             brought
             forth
             ,
             was
             executed
             in
             the
             same
             manner
             ,
             which
             done
             ,
             their
             heads
             were
             set
             upon
             several
             nails
             over
             the
             place
             of
             execution
             ,
             so
             the
             Justice
             ceased
             for
             that
             time
             ,
             and
             those
             Gentlemen's
             cares
             were
             ended
             .
             A
             Gentleman
             of
             the
             Loyal
             Partie
             ,
             the
             daie
             before
             the
             battle
             ,
             wrote
             a
             letter
             to
             one
             of
             the
             contrarie
             opinion
             ,
             telling
             him
             ,
             that
             now
             the
             business
             was
             brought
             to
             such
             a
             push
             ,
             that
             there
             was
             nothing
             to
             bee
             thought
             on
             els
             ,
             but
             everie
             one
             to
             stand
             upon
             his
             guard
             ,
             for
             whosoever
             fell
             ,
             should
             bee
             sure
             to
             bear
             the
             ignominious
             brand
             of
             Traitor
             :
             As
             questionless
             it
             had
             been
             ;
             for
             wee
             see
             all
             the
             actions
             and
             exploits
             of
             this
             life
             are
             more
             esteemed
             ,
             and
             censured
             by
             their
             successes
             and
             events
             ,
             then
             any
             other
             waies
             .
             If
             Cortes
             had
             not
             been
             fortunate
             in
             Mexico
             ,
             when
             hee
             took
             Motezuma
             ,
             wee
             should
             have
             said
             hee
             had
             been
             a
             rash
             fool-hardie
             fellow
             ,
             but
             Fortune
             having
             crowned
             his
             valiant
             enterprise
             with
             success
             ,
             all
             men
             now
             applaud
             his
             gallantrie
             ,
             giving
             him
             the
             attributes
             of
             Couragious
             and
             Prudent
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XX.
             
          
           
             TO
             saie
             the
             truth
             ,
             in
             all
             that
             I
             have
             read
             of
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             ,
             I
             finde
             him
             a
             gallant
             valerous
             Gentleman
             ,
             though
             hee
             was
             engaged
             in
             that
             unfortunate
             business
             .
             It
             is
             reported
             ,
             that
             one
             daie
             going
             to
             his
             hous
             ,
             very
             melancholie
             and
             dejected
             ,
             hee
             said
             to
             his
             wife
             ,
             sitting
             on
             hors-back
             ,
             and
             shee
             at
             the
             window
             :
             
               Sen̄ora
               ,
               what
               do
               you
               think
               now
               of
               the
               condition
               whereunto
               you
               have
               brough●
               mee
               ?
            
             at
             which
             words
             shee
             made
             answer
             ,
             
               Bee
               of
               good
               courage
               ,
               for
               of
               a
               poor
               Esquire
               I
               have
               made
               you
               half-King
               of
               Castilla
               .
            
             But
             the
             Common
             People
             are
             apt
             to
             saie
             manie
             things
             in
             such
             like
             occurrences
             ,
             wherein
             there
             's
             not
             one
             word
             of
             truth
             .
             In
             my
             judgment
             ,
             if
             there
             had
             been
             any
             such
             passage
             betwixt
             him
             and
             his
             
             wife
             ,
             hee
             would
             have
             expressed
             some
             discontent
             or
             anger
             in
             the
             letter
             ,
             which
             hee
             wrote
             to
             her
             the
             same
             daie
             hee
             was
             beheaded
             :
             But
             there
             was
             no
             such
             thing
             mentioned
             in
             it
             ,
             quite
             contrarie
             ,
             hee
             expressed
             therein
             very
             much
             affection
             and
             tenderness
             to
             her
             ,
             seeming
             to
             bee
             more
             sensible
             of
             her
             grief
             and
             sorrow
             for
             his
             sad
             fortune
             ,
             then
             of
             his
             own
             suffering
             .
             Besides
             his
             letter
             to
             his
             wife
             ,
             hee
             wrote
             another
             to
             the
             Citie
             of
             Toledo
             .
             The
             contents
             vvere
             as
             follovveth
             .
          
           
             
               
                 
                   Iohn
                   de
                   Padilla's
                
                 letter
                 to
                 his
                 wife
                 .
              
               
                 SEn̄ora
                 !
                 If
                 your
                 pain
                 did
                 not
                 more
                 trouble
                 mee
                 ,
                 then
                 the
                 losing
                 of
                 my
                 life
                 ,
                 I
                 should
                 esteem
                 my self
                 entirely
                 happie
                 .
                 For
                 death
                 beeing
                 a
                 thing
                 so
                 certain
                 to
                 all
                 Mortals
                 ,
                 the
                 Almightie
                 sheweth
                 him
                 a
                 singular
                 favor
                 whom
                 hee
                 honor
                 's
                 with
                 such
                 an
                 one
                 as
                 mine
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 though
                 lamented
                 by
                 manie
                 ,
                 is
                 doubtless
                 acceptable
                 in
                 his
                 sight
                 .
                 It
                 would
                 require
                 more
                 time
                 ,
                 then
                 what
                 I
                 have
                 ,
                 to
                 write
                 you
                 some
                 things
                 for
                 your
                 Consolation
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 cannot
                 bee
                 allowed
                 mee
                 ,
                 neither
                 do
                 I
                 desire
                 to
                 deferre
                 the
                 reception
                 of
                 that
                 Crown
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 hope
                 to
                 enjoy
                 .
                 You
                 maie
                 ,
                 like
                 a
                 discreet
                 woman
                 ,
                 bewail
                 your
                 own
                 misfortune
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 my
                 death
                 ,
                 for
                 beeing
                 so
                 just
                 ,
                 it
                 ought
                 not
                 to
                 bee
                 lamented
                 by
                 any
                 :
                 My
                 soul
                 ,
                 since
                 nothing
                 els
                 is
                 left
                 me
                 ,
                 I
                 bequeath
                 to
                 you
                 ,
                 desiring
                 you
                 to
                 entertain
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 thing
                 which
                 most
                 affected
                 you
                 .
                 I
                 do
                 not
                 write
                 to
                 
                   Pedro
                   Lopez
                
                 my
                 father
                 ,
                 becaus
                 I
                 dare
                 not
                 ,
                 for
                 though
                 I
                 was
                 his
                 Son
                 in
                 daring
                 to
                 lose
                 my
                 life
                 ,
                 I
                 was
                 not
                 heir
                 to
                 his
                 good
                 fortune
                 .
                 I
                 will
                 not
                 extend
                 my self
                 any
                 further
                 ,
                 becaus
                 I
                 will
                 not
                 trouble
                 the
                 Executioner
                 to
                 waite
                 ,
                 nor
                 give
                 waie
                 for
                 any
                 one
                 to
                 suspect
                 ,
                 that
                 to
                 prolong
                 my
                 life
                 I
                 enlarge
                 my
                 letter
                 .
                 My
                 servant
                 Sossa
                 beeing
                 an
                 eie-witness
                 of
                 my
                 end
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 whom
                 I
                 have
                 communicated
                 the
                 secret
                 of
                 my
                 intentions
                 ,
                 shall
                 tell
                 you
                 what
                 cannot
                 bee
                 expressed
                 herein
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 I
                 rest
                 ,
                 exspecting
                 the
                 instrument
                 of
                 your
                 sorrow
                 and
                 my
                 comfort
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               
                 
                   Iohn
                   de
                   Padilla's
                
                 letter
                 to
                 the
                 Citie
                 of
                 Toledo
                 .
              
               
                 TO
                 Thee
                 ,
                 the
                 Crown
                 of
                 Spain
                 ,
                 and
                 glorie
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 World
                 ,
                 free
                 since
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 mightie
                 Goths
                 ;
                 to
                 Thee
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 the
                 effusion
                 of
                 the
                 blood
                 of
                 strangers
                 ,
                 aswell
                 as
                 of
                 thine
                 own
                 ,
                 hast
                 recovered
                 libertie
                 for
                 thy self
                 and
                 thy
                 neighbouring
                 Cities
                 :
                 I
                 
                   John
                   de
                   Padilla
                
                 ,
                 thy
                 
                 legitimate
                 Son
                 ,
                 now
                 give
                 thee
                 an
                 account
                 how
                 by
                 the
                 blood
                 of
                 my
                 bodie
                 ,
                 thy
                 former
                 Victories
                 are
                 refreshed
                 .
                 If
                 fortune
                 hath
                 not
                 suffered
                 my
                 actions
                 to
                 bee
                 Chronicled
                 amongst
                 thy
                 memorable
                 exploits
                 ,
                 the
                 fault
                 was
                 in
                 my
                 destinie
                 ,
                 not
                 in
                 my
                 good
                 will
                 :
                 Which
                 as
                 a
                 mother
                 ,
                 I
                 desire
                 Thee
                 to
                 accept
                 ,
                 since
                 God
                 hath
                 given
                 mee
                 nothing
                 els
                 to
                 lose
                 for
                 Thee
                 ,
                 but
                 what
                 I
                 have
                 adventured
                 .
                 I
                 am
                 more
                 aggrieved
                 for
                 Thy
                 resentment
                 ,
                 then
                 my
                 own
                 life
                 .
                 But
                 Thou
                 must
                 consider
                 these
                 are
                 but
                 the
                 turns
                 of
                 fortune's
                 Wheel
                 ,
                 which
                 never
                 standeth
                 still
                 .
                 This
                 is
                 my
                 contentment
                 and
                 consolation
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 ,
                 the
                 meanest
                 of
                 Thy
                 children
                 ,
                 do
                 suffer
                 death
                 for
                 Thee
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 Thou
                 hast
                 nourished
                 at
                 thy
                 brests
                 such
                 as
                 may
                 take
                 satisfaction
                 for
                 my
                 wrongs
                 .
                 Many
                 tongues
                 ,
                 doubtless
                 ,
                 will
                 busie
                 themselvs
                 in
                 the
                 relation
                 of
                 my
                 death
                 ,
                 which
                 as
                 yet
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 my self
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 bee
                 very
                 neere
                 :
                 My
                 end
                 will
                 give
                 Thee
                 a
                 testimonie
                 of
                 my
                 desire
                 .
                 My
                 soul
                 I
                 recommend
                 to
                 Thee
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Patroness
                 of
                 Christianitie
                 ,
                 of
                 my
                 bodie
                 I
                 make
                 no
                 account
                 ,
                 since
                 it
                 is
                 no
                 more
                 mine
                 ,
                 neither
                 can
                 I
                 write
                 any
                 more
                 ,
                 for
                 at
                 this
                 very
                 instant
                 ,
                 I
                 feel
                 the
                 knife
                 at
                 my
                 throat
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 greater
                 sens
                 of
                 Thy
                 displeasure
                 ,
                 then
                 apprehension
                 of
                 my
                 pain
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXI
             .
          
           
             THe
             Victorie
             beeing
             obteined
             at
             Villalar
             ,
             and
             the
             Commoners
             Armie
             quite
             routed
             ,
             presently
             dispatches
             vvere
             sent
             post
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             giving
             him
             account
             of
             this
             good
             fortune
             :
             And
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             as
             Captain
             General
             ,
             wrote
             a
             particular
             relation
             to
             the
             Emperor
             of
             all
             the
             passages
             ,
             vvhich
             hee
             receiving
             at
             Bruxels
             ,
             the
             eighth
             of
             Julie
             ,
             hee
             ansvvered
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             although
             by
             other
             Letters
             ,
             of
             the
             24
             April
             ,
             hee
             had
             intelligence
             of
             the
             vanquishing
             and
             punishing
             of
             those
             Traitors
             ,
             (
             for
             so
             hee
             called
             them
             )
             yet
             hee
             vvas
             better
             satisfied
             to
             receiv
             it
             from
             his
             hand
             ,
             thanking
             him
             very
             much
             for
             all
             that
             hee
             had
             done
             in
             order
             to
             his
             service
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             affection
             and
             zeal
             vvhich
             hee
             expressed
             tovvards
             him
             in
             that
             emploiment
             ;
             promising
             ,
             at
             his
             return
             into
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             to
             gratifie
             him
             according
             to
             the
             merit
             of
             his
             extraordinarie
             services
             ;
             hoping
             ,
             that
             by
             his
             endeavors
             hee
             should
             finde
             means
             to
             settle
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             which
             hee
             particularly
             encharged
             him
             to
             use
             all
             his
             vigilance
             and
             industrie
             to
             procure
             :
             And
             chiefly
             hee
             recommended
             to
             his
             care
             the
             War
             
             of
             Navarra
             ,
             which
             was
             of
             so
             great
             importance
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             would
             assure
             the
             Grandees
             and
             Gentlemen
             which
             had
             engaged
             in
             his
             service
             ,
             that
             at
             his
             return
             hee
             would
             gratifie
             their
             Loialties
             according
             to
             their
             qualities
             and
             deserts
             .
             The
             Commoners
             forces
             beeing
             all
             discomfited
             as
             wee
             have
             seen
             ,
             and
             their
             three
             principal
             Captains
             executed
             ,
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             who
             were
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             fled
             away
             ,
             and
             all
             was
             of
             a
             sudden
             blown
             up
             like
             smoke
             in
             the
             aër
             .
             Within
             three
             daies
             after
             ,
             the
             Cavalier's
             whole
             Armie
             marched
             to
             Simancas
             ,
             and
             quartered
             in
             Towns
             all
             about
             Valladolid
             ,
             intending
             to
             fall
             upon
             that
             Citie
             ,
             and
             treat
             them
             as
             such
             open
             enemies
             did
             deserv
             .
             But
             first
             ,
             beeing
             numerous
             enough
             ,
             they
             possessed
             all
             the
             Towns
             and
             Villages
             thereabouts
             ,
             and
             stopt
             up
             all
             the
             Avenues
             ,
             suffering
             no
             provisions
             to
             bee
             carried
             in
             to
             them
             .
             Whereupon
             the
             most
             valiant
             and
             violent
             of
             all
             the
             people
             began
             to
             bee
             crest-fallen
             :
             Others
             that
             had
             (
             as
             much
             as
             they
             durst
             )
             opposed
             those
             past
             Commotions
             ,
             seeing
             the
             Governors
             victorious
             and
             powerful
             ,
             declared
             themselvs
             .
             There
             was
             no
             Captain
             nor
             Commander
             left
             in
             the
             Citie
             .
             Whereupon
             to
             make
             short
             ,
             and
             prevent
             a
             Summons
             ,
             they
             thought
             their
             onely
             way
             was
             ,
             to
             yield
             themselvs
             upon
             good
             conditions
             ,
             which
             they
             hoped
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             (
             though
             much
             offended
             )
             out
             of
             compassion
             and
             affection
             to
             that
             Citie
             ,
             would
             grant
             them
             .
             In
             which
             resolution
             they
             sent
             som
             religious
             men
             ,
             and
             persons
             of
             respect
             ,
             with
             much
             submission
             and
             humble
             acknowledgment
             of
             their
             faults
             ,
             to
             desire
             mercie
             and
             pardon
             of
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             :
             Who
             at
             first
             shewed
             himself
             very
             much
             displeased
             and
             unwilling
             to
             hearken
             to
             their
             desires
             ,
             saying
             ,
             Hee
             ought
             ,
             and
             would
             make
             an
             example
             aswel
             of
             the
             principal
             offendors
             ,
             as
             of
             the
             Common
             people
             .
             The
             Souldiers
             ,
             who
             exspected
             notable
             plunder
             ,
             their
             fingers
             itching
             to
             measure
             out
             the
             silks
             and
             velvets
             with
             their
             Pikes
             ,
             (
             as
             they
             bragg'd
             they
             would
             )
             were
             mad
             becaus
             the
             word
             of
             command
             ,
             To
             fall
             on
             and
             enter
             the
             Citie
             ,
             was
             so
             long
             a
             giving
             out
             ;
             which
             the
             Inhabitants
             knowing
             ,
             every
             one
             secured
             their
             commodities
             the
             best
             they
             could
             .
             But
             by
             God's
             help
             ,
             and
             the
             indulgence
             of
             the
             Governors
             ,
             a
             Peace
             and
             pardon
             was
             concluded
             and
             proclaimed
             in
             the
             market
             places
             and
             streets
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             with
             great
             acclamations
             of
             joie
             ,
             and
             sound
             of
             Trumpets
             ,
             
             Drums
             ,
             and
             other
             musical
             instruments
             :
             All
             the
             Inhabitans
             beeing
             exempted
             from
             personal
             punishment
             ,
             confiscation
             ,
             or
             loss
             of
             offices
             ,
             excepting
             twelv
             ,
             whom
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             should
             nominate
             ,
             &
             appoint
             to
             bee
             left
             out
             of
             the
             Articles
             ,
             to
             bee
             disposed
             of
             as
             the
             Governors
             should
             think
             fitting
             ;
             that
             they
             might
             all
             take
             notice
             ,
             that
             they
             had
             a
             King
             and
             Lord
             ,
             to
             whom
             they
             ovved
             obedience
             and
             service
             ;
             and
             such
             a
             King
             as
             did
             not
             seek
             after
             vengeance
             ,
             or
             desire
             the
             destruction
             of
             his
             Subjects
             ,
             but
             to
             pardon
             them
             with
             clemencie
             ,
             and
             chastise
             them
             with
             mercie
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             which
             had
             shewn
             so
             much
             stubbornness
             and
             obstinacie
             not
             long
             before
             ,
             proclaimed
             the
             Pardon
             with
             great
             contentment
             ;
             and
             thought
             they
             had
             obteined
             no
             smal
             favor
             ,
             to
             preserv
             their
             Town
             from
             beeing
             sacked
             ,
             the
             Souldiers
             beeing
             so
             ready
             to
             make
             the
             on-set
             .
             The
             ●arl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             and
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Osma
             were
             great
             instruments
             of
             hindring
             the
             destruction
             of
             that
             Citie
             :
             and
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             with
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Grandees
             ,
             were
             very
             glad
             of
             it
             ,
             esteeming
             that
             the
             pacification
             of
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             depended
             upon
             the
             surrendering
             of
             Valladolid
             .
             
             The
             same
             daie
             ,
             April
             27
             ,
             all
             the
             Cavaliers
             entred
             in
             great
             state
             ,
             with
             their
             Squadrons
             in
             Martial
             order
             ,
             the
             Hors
             all
             in
             Armor
             ,
             covered
             with
             rich
             scarlet
             coats
             :
             the
             first
             that
             marched
             in
             ,
             were
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             and
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             Captain
             General
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Castro
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             On̄ate
             with
             their
             Troops
             ,
             their
             Armor
             was
             covered
             with
             scarlet
             ,
             embroidered
             with
             gold
             .
             After
             them
             followed
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             with
             the
             Adelantado
             ,
             his
             brother
             ,
             and
             the
             Earl
             of
             Osorno
             ,
             all
             in
             green
             ,
             with
             their
             troops
             in
             Armor
             covered
             with
             the
             same
             Liverie
             .
             Next
             them
             ,
             marched
             the
             Captains
             and
             Camp
             masters
             of
             the
             Armie
             ,
             with
             their
             Colors
             flying
             ,
             and
             the
             Gentlemen
             all
             clad
             in
             cloth
             of
             silver
             and
             gold
             .
             Then
             came
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Osma
             ,
             with
             those
             of
             the
             Council
             Roial
             ,
             the
             Alcaldes
             and
             Alguaziles
             ;
             And
             last
             of
             all
             ,
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             with
             the
             Earl
             of
             
               Alva
               de
               Lista
            
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salinas
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Aguilar
             ,
             and
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Astorga
             ,
             with
             all
             their
             men
             splendidly
             accoutred
             ,
             besides
             divers
             Gentlemen
             ,
             
             and
             Foot
             souldiers
             ,
             all
             in
             such
             stately
             manner
             ,
             that
             Valladolid
             was
             worth
             the
             seeing
             that
             daie
             :
             yet
             it
             was
             observed
             ,
             that
             the
             people
             were
             so
             stomackful
             ,
             that
             neither
             man
             nor
             woman
             did
             so
             much
             as
             look
             ou●
             ,
             or
             open
             a
             window
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             disdained
             or
             abhorred
             to
             see
             them
             ,
             who
             ,
             four
             daies
             before
             ,
             were
             their
             mo●tal
             enemies
             .
             (
             Such
             are
             the
             Comedies
             and
             Tragedies
             of
             this
             life
             )
             .
             How
             often
             did
             the
             Cavaliers
             desire
             Valladolid
             to
             make
             a
             ●eace
             ?
             what
             advantageous
             conditions
             they
             offered
             them
             ?
             how
             often
             did
             they
             slight
             their
             favors
             ?
             how
             many
             scornful
             answers
             did
             they
             return
             them
             ?
             and
             at
             last
             it
             came
             to
             this
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             constreined
             ,
             though
             with
             heavie
             hearts
             ,
             and
             hanging
             down
             their
             h●ads
             ,
             to
             receiv
             and
             treat
             in
             their
             houses
             thos●
             whom
             they
             so
             ill
             affected
             .
             And
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             must
             a●knowledg
             a
             particular
             obligation
             to
             the
             Nobilitie
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             (
             whom
             they
             alwaies
             found
             ready
             to
             receiv
             them
             with
             open
             arms
             ,
             and
             do
             them
             all
             the
             good
             offices
             and
             favor
             possible
             )
             aswel
             for
             this
             daie's
             favor
             ,
             as
             others
             ,
             which
             by
             their
             mediation
             the
             Kings
             of
             Spain
             have
             granted
             them
             ,
             notwithstanding
             so
             great
             uproars
             and
             disorders
             as
             have
             been
             committed
             in
             that
             Citie
             .
             All
             the
             rigor
             that
             was
             don
             at
             this
             time
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             was
             the
             executing
             of
             an
             Alcalde
             ,
             and
             an
             Alquazil
             of
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             whom
             the
             Governors
             commanded
             to
             bee
             hanged
             ,
             the
             rest
             fled
             ,
             though
             no
             bodie
             prosecuted
             them
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXIII
             .
          
           
             THe
             rout
             of
             the
             Junta's
             Armie
             at
             Villalor
             ,
             and
             the
             Justice
             ●hat
             was
             executed
             upon
             the
             Gentlemen
             there
             ,
             with
             the
             surrendring
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             the
             favor
             which
             the
             Governors
             shewed
             them
             ,
             beeing
             noised
             through
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             the
             other
             Cities
             began
             to
             bee
             more
             submissive
             ,
             who
             before
             carried
             their
             heads
             so
             high
             .
             Duen̄as
             courted
             their
             Earl
             again
             ,
             whom
             they
             had
             forced
             to
             leav
             the
             town
             ,
             rising
             up
             in
             Arms
             against
             him
             .
             Palencia
             opened
             their
             gates
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             .
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             did
             the
             same
             .
             But
             Mota
             stood
             out
             a
             while
             upon
             the
             defensive
             ,
             yet
             at
             last
             they
             were
             glad
             to
             make
             their
             peace
             .
             But
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             and
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             were
             such
             worthie
             Noblemen
             ,
             that
             they
             used
             no
             acts
             of
             rigor
             in
             any
             place
             ,
             and
             all
             those
             whom
             
             they
             reduced
             ,
             found
             themselvs
             so
             well
             with
             their
             present
             condition
             ,
             that
             they
             held
             themselvs
             as
             redeemed
             out
             of
             thraldom
             and
             oppression
             .
             Onely
             those
             of
             Toledo
             continued
             in
             their
             willfullness
             .
             The
             Common
             People
             murthered
             two
             brothers
             ,
             Biscayners
             ,
             named
             Aguirres
             ,
             onely
             upon
             vain
             surmises
             and
             suspitions
             which
             they
             conceived
             of
             them
             ,
             yet
             they
             had
             both
             been
             Captains
             under
             
               Ioh●
               de
               Padilla
            
             .
             Notwithstanding
             that
             the
             Prior
             of
             St
             
               Iuan
               ,
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Zun̄iga
            
             was
             with
             his
             Armie
             in
             the
             confines
             of
             that
             Citie
             ;
             the
             Commoners
             with
             a
             great
             bodie
             and
             some
             pieces
             of
             Ordnance
             ,
             marched
             to
             a
             Castle
             called
             Almonacid
             ,
             and
             continued
             battring
             it
             for
             two
             daies
             ,
             the
             Governor
             valorously
             defending
             it
             ;
             which
             the
             Prior
             hearing
             ,
             presently
             gave
             command
             to
             draw
             all
             his
             forces
             into
             the
             field
             ,
             intending
             to
             give
             them
             battle
             .
             But
             they
             having
             intelligence
             thereof
             ,
             soon
             railed
             their
             siege
             ,
             and
             returned
             to
             Toledo
             ,
             for
             fear
             of
             beeing
             put
             to
             the
             worst
             .
             Some
             daies
             after
             
               Don
               Alonso
               de
               Caravajal
            
             ,
             brother
             to
             
               Don
               Diego
            
             ,
             beeing
             quartred
             with
             some
             light-hors-men
             at
             Maxcareque
             ,
             four
             leagues
             from
             Toledo
             ,
             six
             hundred
             Foot
             ,
             and
             fiftie
             Hors
             sallied
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             and
             taking
             by-waies
             that
             they
             might
             not
             bee
             discovered
             by
             the
             Enemie's
             Centinels
             ,
             by
             break
             of
             day
             they
             fell
             upon
             the
             Village
             ,
             surprised
             
               Don
               Alonso
            
             and
             his
             men
             ,
             and
             carried
             them
             all
             prisoners
             to
             Toledo
             ,
             before
             any
             of
             their
             partie
             could
             com
             to
             rescue
             them
             .
             They
             did
             several
             other
             such
             exploits
             ,
             and
             on
             the
             other
             side
             the
             Prior
             did
             them
             what
             mischief
             hee
             could
             .
             The
             Governors
             were
             much
             troubled
             hereat
             ,
             but
             could
             not
             pass
             with
             their
             Armie
             to
             Toledo
             ,
             until
             they
             had
             quieted
             all
             the
             old
             Castilla
             .
             But
             that
             which
             put
             them
             to
             the
             greatest
             plunge
             ,
             
             was
             the
             news
             of
             the
             King
             of
             France
             his
             Armie
             advancing
             into
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Navarra
             .
             It
             was
             told
             them
             that
             Padilla's
             wife
             ,
             with
             all
             her
             kindred
             in
             Toledo
             ,
             mainteined
             and
             fomented
             chiefly
             this
             humor
             in
             the
             Inhabitants
             ,
             therefore
             they
             resolved
             to
             send
             thither
             ,
             and
             use
             som
             means
             to
             get
             her
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             believing
             ,
             that
             if
             shee
             were
             gon
             thence
             ,
             the
             rest
             might
             bee
             more
             easily
             reduced
             :
             To
             this
             effect
             they
             sent
             a
             Captain
             ,
             with
             a
             few
             men
             disguised
             ,
             who
             offered
             himself
             to
             go
             to
             Toledo
             ,
             and
             carrie
             her
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             by
             fair
             means
             ,
             or
             by
             foul
             .
             Being
             arrived
             at
             Toledo
             ,
             hee
             went
             directly
             to
             the
             Fort
             where
             
               Don̄a
               Maria
            
             was
             ,
             desiring
             to
             
             speak
             with
             her
             ;
             But
             the
             people
             having
             some
             intelligence
             of
             his
             designe
             ,
             presently
             made
             an
             Alarme
             ,
             and
             came
             in
             great
             multitudes
             to
             the
             Castle
             ,
             where
             finding
             the
             Captain
             in
             discours
             with
             
               Don̄a
               Maria
            
             ,
             they
             straight
             laid
             hands
             on
             him
             ,
             and
             flung
             him
             out
             at
             the
             window
             ,
             which
             beeing
             high
             ,
             hee
             broke
             himself
             all
             to
             peeces
             with
             the
             fall
             ;
             after
             this
             they
             cut
             the
             throats
             of
             all
             those
             that
             came
             with
             him
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             the
             Citie
             was
             in
             greater
             disorder
             by
             this
             means
             then
             before
             .
             
             In
             the
             moneth
             of
             September
             1521.
             the
             French
             beeing
             beaten
             out
             of
             Navarra
             ,
             the
             Governors
             were
             in
             the
             minde
             to
             march
             with
             all
             their
             forces
             into
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             and
             subdue
             that
             Citie
             ,
             but
             they
             were
             again
             diverted
             by
             a
             second
             intelligence
             which
             was
             brought
             them
             ,
             that
             the
             King
             of
             France
             was
             come
             to
             Bayona
             vvith
             a
             very
             povverful
             Armie
             .
             
             And
             
               Don
               Antonio
               de
               Zun̄iga
            
             (
             vvho
             had
             begun
             that
             enterprise
             )
             beeing
             desirous
             to
             bring
             his
             design
             to
             perfection
             ,
             drevv
             all
             his
             forces
             out
             of
             their
             Garrisons
             ,
             and
             pitcht
             his
             Camp
             before
             the
             Citie
             on
             the
             one
             side
             the
             River
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Ribera
            
             had
             his
             men
             quartred
             neer
             the
             Citie
             on
             the
             other
             .
             
               Don
               Antonio
            
             had
             with
             him
             eight
             hundred
             lances
             ,
             which
             scoured
             all
             the
             Countrie
             about
             ,
             and
             had
             daily
             smart
             skermishes
             with
             the
             Toledians
             ,
             vvherein
             divers
             fell
             on
             both
             sides
             .
             In
             this
             expedition
             vvas
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Guzman
            
             ,
             third
             Son
             (
             as
             you
             have
             heard
             )
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             
               Medina
               Sidonia
            
             ,
             vvho
             beeing
             yong
             and
             full
             of
             mettle
             ,
             
             and
             ambitious
             to
             shevv
             his
             valor
             ,
             engaged
             himself
             too
             far
             amongst
             the
             enemies
             ,
             by
             vvhom
             hee
             vvas
             taken
             close
             by
             the
             Castle
             of
             
               San
               Sernan
            
             ,
             so
             desperately
             vvounded
             ,
             that
             the
             Toledians
             vvere
             enfor●'t
             to
             carrie
             him
             off
             the
             field
             upon
             a
             board
             ,
             hee
             not
             beeing
             able
             to
             go
             any
             other
             vvaies
             .
             
               Don̄a
               Maria
               Pacheco
            
             ,
             beeing
             at
             a
             vvindovv
             in
             the
             Fort
             ,
             obs●rved
             vvith
             great
             attention
             all
             the
             passages
             of
             the
             fight
             ,
             and
             distinguishing
             
               Don
               ●ed●o
            
             from
             the
             rest
             ,
             shee
             vvas
             much
             taken
             vvith
             him
             ,
             seeing
             ●im
             b●have
             himself
             so
             gallantly
             ;
             And
             beeing
             brought
             to
             the
             Fort
             ,
             shee
             vvent
             out
             to
             receiv
             him
             ,
             partly
             out
             of
             respect
             to
             Pedro's
             noble
             birth
             ,
             but
             chiefly
             out
             of
             a
             private
             inclination
             vvhich
             proceeded
             from
             the
             esteem
             shee
             made
             of
             his
             valor
             and
             animositie
             .
             Shee
             treated
             him
             vvith
             much
             civility
             and
             demonstrations
             of
             affection
             ,
             comme●ding
             highly
             his
             provvess
             vvhereof
             her
             eies
             vvere
             vvitnesses
             ,
             and
             told
             him
             ,
             that
             his
             generositie
             vvas
             vvorthie
             of
             an
             eternal
             
             m●morie
             ,
             onely
             this
             was
             wanting
             him
             ,
             that
             his
             Valor
             was
             not
             emploied
             in
             the
             King's
             service
             ,
             and
             in
             favor
             of
             the
             Citie
             of
             Toledo
             :
             (
             for
             the
             Commonalties
             pretended
             in
             all
             the
             Cities
             ,
             That
             whatsoever
             they
             did
             ,
             was
             in
             order
             to
             his
             Majesties
             service
             )
             .
             
               Don̄a
               Maria
            
             would
             suffer
             none
             of
             Pedro's
             retinue
             to
             staie
             with
             him
             ,
             or
             any
             bodie
             els
             to
             visit
             him
             ,
             neither
             would
             shee
             permit
             him
             to
             write
             to
             Antonio's
             Camp
             :
             But
             treating
             him
             with
             very
             great
             care
             and
             complements
             ,
             shee
             spared
             nothing
             that
             was
             necessarie
             for
             his
             recoverie
             :
             his
             wounds
             beeing
             throughly
             cured
             ,
             shee
             endeavored
             to
             win
             him
             to
             their
             side
             ,
             promising
             ,
             that
             if
             hee
             would
             renounce
             the
             other
             partie
             ,
             they
             would
             make
             him
             General
             of
             the
             forces
             of
             Toledo
             .
             But
             finding
             her
             time
             lost
             in
             persuading
             him
             ,
             shee
             resolved
             to
             get
             him
             exchanged
             for
             other
             prisoners
             which
             
               Don
               Antonio
            
             had
             taken
             of
             the
             Toledians
             ,
             which
             was
             done
             ;
             for
             the
             better
             effecting
             whereof
             ,
             those
             of
             Toledo
             gave
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             his
             Parolle
             for
             eight
             daies
             ,
             to
             go
             to
             his
             Uncle's
             Armie
             ,
             having
             made
             him
             swear
             first
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             return
             again
             ,
             in
             case
             hee
             procured
             not
             the
             libertie
             of
             those
             whom
             they
             demanded
             :
             Amongst
             other
             exceptions
             which
             they
             made
             him
             renounce
             in
             the
             Oath
             they
             administred
             to
             him
             ,
             one
             was
             ,
             Th●t
             hee
             should
             not
             allege
             that
             those
             of
             Toledo
             were
             Traitors
             ,
             and
             therefore
             hee
             was
             not
             obliged
             to
             make
             good
             his
             Word
             or
             Oath
             to
             them
             ,
             which
             was
             fulfilled
             accordingly
             .
             The
             Citie
             was
             very
             well
             provided
             for
             a
             long
             time
             ,
             and
             they
             had
             broken
             down
             all
             the
             Mills
             for
             twelv
             leag●es
             compass
             ,
             that
             Antonio's
             men
             might
             have
             no
             means
             ●o
             grinde
             their
             corn
             .
             They
             took
             all
             the
             Plate
             of
             Silver
             and
             Gold
             out
             of
             the
             Cathedral
             Church
             ,
             which
             beeing
             coined
             ,
             did
             much
             enrich
             them
             ,
             and
             made
             them
             so
             stout
             ,
             that
             they
             said
             ,
             They
             would
             never
             consent
             to
             Peace
             ,
             unless
             there
             were
             first
             a
             pardon
             general
             granted
             for
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             of
             Spain
             ,
             and
             that
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
               de
               la
               Vega
            
             were
             delivered
             into
             their
             hands
             ,
             for
             (
             they
             said
             )
             hee
             was
             the
             principal
             caus
             of
             all
             those
             Troubles
             ,
             and
             the
             onely
             man
             that
             put
             them
             upon
             that
             insurrection
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             SECT
             .
             XXIV
             .
          
           
             THe
             Marquis
             of
             Villena
             beeing
             entred
             into
             Toledo
             ,
             by
             consent
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             began
             to
             bring
             them
             to
             a
             right
             understanding
             :
             whereupon
             hee
             wrote
             to
             the
             Governors
             ,
             that
             they
             might
             follow
             their
             business
             in
             Navarra
             ,
             as
             for
             the
             Toledians
             hee
             would
             undertake
             to
             reduce
             them
             to
             their
             due
             obedience
             .
             The
             Governors
             glad
             to
             bee
             eased
             of
             an
             affair
             of
             such
             care
             and
             trouble
             ,
             emploied
             all
             their
             industrie
             and
             force
             to
             resist
             the
             incursions
             of
             the
             French
             ▪
             as
             shal
             bee
             said
             hereafter
             .
             
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
            
             ,
             and
             som
             oth●r
             of
             the
             Inhabitants
             ,
             would
             gladly
             have
             received
             a
             pardon
             from
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Villena's
             hands
             ;
             therefore
             beeing
             sent
             to
             by
             them
             ,
             hee
             came
             ,
             accompanied
             with
             the
             Earl
             of
             Oropesa
             ,
             and
             som
             Hors
             and
             Foot
             ,
             but
             nothing
             could
             bee
             effected
             ,
             for
             the
             contrarie
             Partie
             mutinied
             in
             such
             a
             tumultuous
             manner
             ,
             that
             the
             Marquis
             was
             forced
             to
             go
             out
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             after
             hee
             had
             spent
             som
             daies
             time
             to
             procure
             a
             Peace
             .
             The
             same
             effect
             had
             the
             endeavors
             of
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Cardenas
               Adelantado
            
             of
             Granada
             ,
             Duke
             of
             Maqueda
             ,
             who
             ,
             with
             the
             same
             intention
             ,
             came
             to
             Toledo
             ,
             very
             well
             attended
             ,
             and
             was
             driven
             out
             by
             the
             Common
             people
             .
             Such
             was
             the
             confusion
             of
             that
             Citie
             which
             
               Don̄a
               Maria
               Pacheco
            
             did
             uphold
             with
             as
             much
             courage
             ,
             as
             if
             shee
             had
             been
             a
             Captain
             long
             exercised
             in
             Martial
             affairs
             ,
             and
             therefore
             shee
             was
             generally
             call●d
             ,
             
               la
               Muger
               valerosa
            
             ,
             the
             valiant
             Woman
             :
             The
             report
             goe's
             ,
             that
             shee
             made
             use
             of
             the
             Crosses
             in
             stead
             of
             Colors
             ,
             and
             to
             excite
             the
             people
             to
             compassion
             ,
             shee
             made
             her
             son
             to
             bee
             carried
             up
             and
             down
             the
             streets
             upon
             a
             Mule
             ,
             with
             a
             mourning
             Hood
             and
             Cloak
             on
             ,
             and
             in
             a
             Streamer
             ,
             the
             picture
             of
             her
             husband
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             beheaded
             .
             Divers
             other
             things
             were
             said
             of
             her
             ,
             it
             may
             bee
             they
             were
             but
             feigned
             .
             Amongst
             the
             rest
             ,
             That
             shee
             had
             a
             fancie
             that
             shee
             should
             bee
             a
             Queen
             ,
             which
             was
             put
             into
             her
             head
             by
             som
             Morisco
             witches
             at
             Granada
             .
             At
             length
             her
             partie
             began
             to
             weaken
             and
             diminish
             ,
             
               Don
               Estevan
               Gabriel
               Merino
            
             prevailing
             against
             her
             ,
             who
             shewed
             himself
             a
             person
             of
             great
             conduct
             and
             prudence
             .
             This
             Prelate
             (
             who
             afterwards
             was
             Cardinal
             of
             
               San
               Vidal
            
             )
             then
             governing
             the
             Bishoprick
             of
             Iaen
             ,
             and
             beeing
             
             Dean
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             assisted
             by
             the
             Marshal
             
               Payo
               de
               Ribera
            
             ,
             and
             other
             ●entlemen
             of
             that
             Citie
             ,
             having
             routed
             
               Don̄a
               Maria
            
             ,
             and
             her
             adherents
             ,
             turned
             them
             out
             of
             Toledo
             ;
             and
             shee
             ,
             having
             disguised
             herself
             in
             a
             Countrie-woman's
             habit
             ,
             
             and
             riding
             upon
             an
             Ass
             ,
             with
             som
             Gees
             in
             her
             hands
             ,
             escaped
             :
             otherwise
             shee
             had
             lost
             her
             head
             aswel
             as
             her
             Husband
             .
             So
             shee
             spun
             out
             the
             rest
             of
             her
             daies
             in
             exsile
             .
             After
             this
             the
             Citie
             was
             reduced
             ,
             and
             enjoied
             the
             benefit
             of
             the
             general
             pardon
             ,
             
             with
             other
             good
             conditions
             ,
             which
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             War
             of
             Navarra
             ,
             were
             granted
             them
             ,
             and
             (
             as
             they
             desired
             )
             neither
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Ribera
            
             ,
             nor
             any
             of
             his
             kindred
             ,
             were
             permitted
             to
             com
             into
             the
             Citie
             ,
             until
             the
             King
             returned
             into
             Spain
             ;
             they
             received
             
               Don
               Estevan
               Gabriel
               Merino
            
             ,
             and
             Doctor
             Zumel
             ,
             
             for
             their
             chief
             officers
             of
             Justice
             .
             They
             pull'd
             down
             Padilla's
             hous
             to
             the
             ground
             ,
             which
             done
             ,
             they
             ploughed
             it
             ,
             and
             sowed
             it
             with
             Salt
             ,
             becaus
             the
             soil
             ,
             where
             the
             Captain
             of
             so
             great
             troubles
             and
             mischiefs
             had
             his
             birth
             and
             habitation
             ,
             should
             not
             produce
             so
             much
             as
             grass
             or
             weeds
             ,
             erecting
             there
             a
             pillar
             ,
             with
             an
             Inscription
             ,
             declaring
             the
             manner
             of
             his
             life
             and
             deplorable
             end
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXV
             .
          
           
             ALthough
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             almost
             was
             reduced
             (
             the
             fear
             of
             punishment
             exceeding
             the
             hopes
             they
             had
             of
             carrying
             on
             their
             design
             )
             ;
             Yet
             the
             Fort
             of
             Fermosel
             (
             which
             was
             under
             the
             command
             ,
             and
             properly
             belonging
             to
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             )
             stood
             peremptorily
             upon
             their
             defence
             .
             The
             Governors
             hereupon
             sent
             the
             Earl
             of
             
               Alva
               de
               Lista
            
             ,
             with
             a
             competent
             number
             of
             men
             ,
             to
             take
             it
             ;
             who
             requiring
             the
             Governor
             to
             deliver
             it
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             hee
             answered
             ,
             that
             hee
             kept
             it
             in
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora's
             name
             for
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             that
             if
             his
             Majestie
             did
             com
             thither
             and
             bring
             the
             Bishop
             with
             him
             (
             whom
             the
             Duke
             of
             Naxara
             had
             taken
             prisoner
             )
             hee
             would
             presently
             surrender
             it
             ,
             otherwise
             not
             .
             The
             Earl
             laid
             siege
             to
             it
             hereupon
             ,
             but
             to
             small
             purpose
             ,
             for
             it
             was
             very
             strong
             .
             The
             Duke
             of
             Naxara
             not
             long
             after
             sent
             to
             the
             Governors
             ,
             desiring
             them
             to
             command
             the
             siege
             to
             bee
             raised
             before
             ●ermosel
             ,
             becaus
             it
             belonged
             to
             his
             son
             ;
             the
             Bishop
             
             having
             ●xchanged
             it
             with
             him
             .
             The
             Governors
             gave
             order
             forthwith
             that
             the
             Earl
             of
             Alva
             should
             give
             them
             Truce
             for
             twentie
             daies
             ,
             whilest
             they
             sent
             to
             the
             Emperor
             to
             know
             his
             Majesties
             pleasure
             .
             
             The
             taking
             of
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             was
             in
             this
             manner
             .
             Hee
             seeing
             all
             his
             partie
             routed
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             was
             no
             boot
             for
             him
             to
             staie
             in
             Spain
             ,
             resolved
             to
             make
             France
             his
             refuge
             .
             But
             beeing
             in
             the
             confines
             of
             Navarra
             at
             the
             same
             time
             the
             French
             King
             made
             his
             attempt
             upon
             that
             Countrie
             ,
             at
             a
             place
             called
             Villamediana
             ,
             a
             league
             from
             Logron̄o
             (
             although
             hee
             had
             disguised
             himself
             )
             hee
             was
             discovered
             and
             taken
             prisoner
             by
             an
             Alferez
             named
             Perote
             .
             Who
             carried
             him
             thence
             to
             Navarrete
             a
             Town
             two
             leagues
             from
             Naxara
             ,
             where
             hee
             delivered
             him
             to
             the
             Duke
             
               Don
               Antonio
            
             ,
             who
             kept
             him
             there
             ,
             until
             the
             Emperor
             commanded
             him
             to
             bee
             carried
             to
             the
             Castle
             of
             Simancas
             ,
             where
             hee
             ended
             his
             daies
             ,
             as
             you
             shall
             hear
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXVI
             .
          
           
             THe
             Citie
             of
             Valladolid
             wrote
             to
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             ,
             desiring
             him
             to
             stand
             their
             friend
             ,
             as
             his
             Ancestors
             had
             done
             in
             former
             times
             .
             Whereunto
             hee
             returned
             a
             very
             kind
             answer
             ,
             assuring
             them
             all
             the
             favor
             hee
             could
             do
             them
             ,
             or
             procure
             them
             from
             his
             Majestie
             ,
             so
             that
             they
             continned
             their
             contrition
             and
             acknowledgment
             of
             their
             errors
             ,
             and
             refrained
             from
             acting
             any
             thing
             misbecoming
             the
             obedience
             of
             Loyal
             and
             faithful
             subjects
             ▪
             And
             to
             conclude
             this
             tedious
             relation
             ,
             I
             shall
             tell
             you
             onely
             that
             the
             Emperor
             beeing
             retur●ed
             into
             Spain
             ,
             called
             a
             Counsel
             in
             Palencia
             ,
             where
             hee
             consulted
             of
             and
             concluded
             a
             general
             pardon
             for
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             .
             But
             some
             of
             the
             Commoners
             beeing
             brought
             to
             execution
             (
             as
             shall
             bee
             hereafter
             mentioned
             )
             the
             Castillians
             not
             knovving
             what
             had
             past
             in
             his
             Majesties
             Counsels
             ,
             began
             to
             bee
             possest
             with
             fears
             ;
             For
             the
             absolute
             distruction
             and
             banishing
             whereof
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             upon
             the
             28th
             of
             October
             1522
             ,
             caused
             a
             great
             scaffold
             to
             bee
             erected
             in
             the
             chief
             market
             place
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             and
             covered
             with
             rich
             cloth
             of
             gold
             and
             silk
             ,
             whereon
             his
             Majestie
             cloathed
             with
             long
             robes
             ,
             after
             the
             Antient
             manner
             ,
             all
             his
             Grandees
             and
             Council
             about
             him
             ,
             beeing
             seated
             ;
             
             his
             Attornie
             General
             with
             a
             rich
             Herald's
             Coat
             ,
             and
             one
             of
             the
             Clarks
             of
             the
             Exchequer
             named
             Gallo
             ,
             having
             made
             a
             long
             narration
             of
             the
             troubles
             and
             insurrections
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             read
             with
             a
             distinct
             loud
             voice
             the
             general
             pardon
             which
             his
             Majestie
             granted
             to
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             :
             wherein
             were
             excepted
             onely
             some
             threescore
             or
             fourscore
             persons
             ;
             whom
             ,
             in
             regard
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             them
             were
             but
             ordinarie
             people
             ,
             some
             of
             them
             Friers
             and
             others
             already
             punished
             ,
             I
             shall
             not
             trouble
             my self
             to
             particularize
             ,
             
             onely
             the
             execution
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Pimentel
               de
               Talavera
            
             ,
             (
             who
             was
             taken
             at
             the
             battle
             of
             Villalar
             )
             and
             his
             head
             was
             cut
             off
             in
             the
             publick
             place
             of
             Palencia
             .
             The
             Commissioners
             of
             Guadalaxara
             and
             Segovia
             ,
             with
             some
             others
             ,
             beeing
             prisoners
             at
             
               la
               Mota
               de
               Medina
               del
               Campo
               ,
            
             the
             
               Alcalde
               Leguizama
            
             was
             sent
             thither
             to
             do
             Justice
             upon
             them
             :
             Beeing
             there
             arrived
             ,
             hee
             commanded
             seven
             of
             them
             to
             bee
             brought
             out
             of
             the
             Common
             Gaol
             (
             vvhere
             they
             were
             put
             )
             with
             ropes
             about
             their
             necks
             and
             set
             upon
             Asses
             until
             they
             came
             into
             the
             chief
             market
             place
             of
             Medina
             ,
             where
             all
             their
             heads
             were
             cut
             off
             .
             In
             the
             Citie
             of
             Vitoria
             ,
             a
             skinner
             of
             Salamanca
             ,
             and
             two
             or
             three
             more
             of
             his
             complices
             ,
             were
             executed
             on
             Fridaie
             the
             14th
             of
             August
             1522.
             
             That
             which
             was
             chiefly
             laid
             to
             the
             charge
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             and
             other
             Gentlemen
             ,
             vvas
             their
             daring
             to
             take
             possession
             of
             the
             Queen
             at
             Tordesillas
             ,
             turning
             avvaie
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Denia
             and
             his
             Ladie
             ,
             vvho
             had
             commands
             from
             his
             Majestie
             to
             attend
             her
             person
             .
             And
             besides
             that
             some
             of
             them
             held
             correspondence
             vvith
             the
             King
             of
             France
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXVII
             .
          
           
             THe
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora
             beeing
             taken
             (
             as
             is
             related
             )
             vvas
             brought
             aftervvards
             prisoner
             to
             the
             Fort
             of
             Simancas
             ,
             vvhere
             hee
             continued
             a
             good
             while
             .
             During
             which
             time
             with
             a
             brick
             which
             hee
             had
             cunningly
             put
             into
             a
             bag
             ,
             wherein
             hee
             used
             to
             carrie
             his
             Breviary
             ,
             hee
             knockt
             out
             the
             Governors
             brains
             ,
             that
             had
             charge
             of
             him
             ,
             beeing
             in
             discours
             with
             him
             by
             the
             fire
             side
             .
             So
             leaving
             the
             father
             dead
             ,
             hee
             had
             made
             his
             escape
             ,
             but
             that
             his
             Son
             discovered
             him
             ,
             and
             having
             brought
             him
             back
             ,
             lock'd
             him
             into
             his
             Chamber
             ,
             without
             doing
             any
             thing
             els
             to
             him
             ,
             for
             murthering
             
             his
             father
             which
             was
             held
             and
             commended
             for
             a
             peice
             of
             great
             wisdom
             and
             patience
             in
             the
             yong
             man.
             The
             Emperor
             upon
             notice
             hereof
             ,
             
             commanded
             the
             
               Alcalde
               Ronquillo
            
             to
             go
             thither
             ,
             who
             having
             too
             much
             Justice
             on
             his
             side
             ,
             and
             bearing
             no
             great
             affection
             to
             the
             Bishop
             ,
             by
             vertue
             of
             a
             licence
             the
             Emperor
             had
             from
             Pope
             Adrian
             ,
             to
             punish
             the
             said
             Bishop
             and
             other
             Priests
             and
             Friers
             for
             their
             exorbitances
             ,
             bearing
             date
             the
             7th
             of
             March
             1523.
             
             Hee
             c●used
             him
             to
             bee
             strangled
             within
             the
             said
             Fort
             ;
             And
             some
             report
             that
             hee
             hung
             him
             upon
             one
             of
             the
             Pinacles
             of
             the
             Tower
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             hee
             might
             bee
             a
             spectacle
             to
             all
             that
             passed
             that
             waie
             .
             This
             was
             done
             contrarie
             to
             the
             Emperor's
             knowledg
             ,
             and
             it
             grieved
             him
             very
             much
             ,
             although
             hee
             had
             reason
             and
             power
             enough
             to
             do
             it
             .
             This
             was
             done
             An●
             1526.
             
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXVIII
             .
          
           
             THe
             end
             whereunto
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Ayala
            
             ,
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             was
             brought
             ,
             may
             serv
             for
             an
             example
             of
             the
             various
             vicissitudes
             of
             Fortune
             in
             this
             life
             :
             
             After
             hee
             was
             taken
             hee
             was
             carried
             to
             Burgos
             ,
             where
             hee
             was
             kept
             prisoner
             in
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salinas
             his
             hous
             ,
             where
             hee
             was
             let
             blood
             to
             death
             ,
             Anno
             1524
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             then
             beeing
             at
             Burgos
             ,
             after
             which
             hee
             was
             carried
             to
             his
             grave
             ,
             his
             feet
             hanging
             bare
             over
             the
             Bier
             ,
             with
             irons
             upon
             them
             ,
             exposed
             to
             the
             publick
             view
             of
             all
             .
             This
             unfo●tunate
             Earl
             was
             reduced
             to
             so
             much
             povertie
             ,
             beeing
             forsaken
             of
             all
             his
             friends
             in
             his
             imprisonment
             ,
             that
             hee
             had
             nothing
             to
             eat
             but
             a
             poor
             mess
             of
             pottage
             ,
             which
             
               Leon
               Picardo
            
             ,
             a
             domestick
             servant
             and
             Painter
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             somtimes
             brought
             him
             .
             His
             son
             
               Don
               Athanasio
               de
               Ayala
            
             ,
             
             then
             Page
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             out
             of
             compassion
             and
             pietie
             ,
             which
             a
             childe
             oweth
             to
             his
             father
             ,
             sold
             a
             hors
             which
             hee
             had
             to
             buie
             the
             Earl
             victuals
             :
             for
             which
             the
             Master
             of
             the
             Pages
             would
             have
             him
             punished
             ,
             and
             complained
             of
             him
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ;
             whereupon
             the
             Emperor
             calling
             
               Don
               Athanasio
            
             to
             him
             ,
             and
             asking
             him
             for
             his
             hors
             ,
             hee
             presently
             answered
             ,
             That
             hee
             had
             sold
             him
             to
             buie
             Victuals
             for
             his
             father
             .
             The
             Emperor
             was
             so
             far
             from
             beeing
             displeased
             at
             so
             pio●●
             an
             act
             ,
             that
             hee
             forthwith
             commanded
             fortie
             thousand
             Maravediz
             
             to
             bee
             given
             him
             .
             Thus
             this
             great
             Earl
             ,
             who
             ,
             as
             hee
             said
             of
             himself
             ,
             was
             lineally
             descended
             from
             the
             mightie
             Gothes
             ,
             ended
             his
             daies
             by
             an
             untimely
             death
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXIX
             .
          
           
             THe
             Emperor
             beeing
             desirous
             to
             express
             the
             Contentment
             which
             hee
             received
             by
             the
             Pacification
             of
             his
             Kingdoms
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             might
             shew
             himself
             a
             gracious
             Prince
             to
             those
             that
             had
             offended
             his
             Majestie
             in
             so
             high
             a
             measure
             ,
             hee
             commanded
             that
             two
             daies
             after
             the
             general
             pardon
             was
             proclaimed
             ,
             there
             should
             bee
             great
             Feasts
             celebrated
             in
             Valladolid
             ,
             with
             great
             solemnitie
             ,
             with
             Tiltings
             ,
             fighting
             on
             hors-back
             with
             Bulls
             ,
             and
             a
             Turnament
             or
             Just-Royal
             .
             And
             the
             Emperor
             himself
             beeing
             in
             compleat
             Armor
             ,
             and
             so
             disguised
             ,
             that
             no
             bodie
             could
             know
             him
             ,
             entered
             the
             List
             ,
             and
             brake
             several
             Lances
             with
             those
             that
             had
             gotten
             the
             greatest
             honor
             that
             daie
             ,
             behaving
             himself
             with
             such
             dexteritie
             ,
             courage
             ,
             and
             gallantrie
             ,
             that
             hee
             drew
             the
             eies
             of
             all
             the
             Spectators
             upon
             him
             ,
             and
             kindled
             a
             curiositie
             in
             their
             brests
             to
             know
             who
             hee
             was
             ,
             which
             beeing
             discovered
             ,
             their
             gusts
             increased
             with
             their
             admirations
             .
             Light-winged
             Fame
             having
             filled
             the
             World
             with
             the
             Emperor
             's
             good
             success
             ,
             many
             Princes
             and
             Embassadors
             ,
             from
             all
             parts
             ,
             thereupon
             came
             flocking
             to
             his
             Court.
             The
             King
             of
             England
             sent
             his
             Embassadors
             ,
             and
             
               Don
               Luis
               de
               Silva
            
             ,
             in
             the
             King
             of
             Portugal
             his
             Master's
             name
             ,
             came
             to
             congratulate
             his
             Majestie
             's
             return
             ,
             his
             reception
             of
             the
             Imperial
             Crown
             ,
             and
             the
             pacification
             of
             the
             troubles
             in
             Spain
             ,
             desiring
             moreover
             ,
             that
             hee
             would
             give
             order
             that
             the
             Castillians
             might
             go
             no
             more
             into
             the
             Moluccas
             ,
             which
             his
             Majestie
             remitted
             to
             bee
             determined
             by
             judicious
             and
             experienced
             men
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXX
             .
          
           
             HIs
             Majestie
             's
             goodness
             and
             clemencie
             to
             his
             Subjects
             ,
             had
             it
             been
             in
             the
             antient
             Greek's
             or
             Latine's
             ages
             ,
             should
             have
             been
             celebrated
             with
             a
             never
             dying
             memorie
             ,
             since
             of
             so
             many
             offendors
             so
             few
             were
             excepted
             in
             the
             general
             Pardon
             ,
             and
             well
             
             near
             all
             those
             too
             obteined
             an
             exemption
             from
             all
             punishments
             ,
             aswel
             of
             Persons
             ,
             as
             Estate
             :
             And
             the
             Nobles
             were
             restored
             to
             the
             same
             height
             of
             honor
             and
             esteem
             as
             they
             possessed
             formerly
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             shewing
             as
             much
             favor
             and
             liberalitie
             towards
             them
             and
             their
             children
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             never
             had
             committed
             any
             offence
             against
             him
             .
             Whosoever
             take's
             the
             pains
             to
             peruse
             the
             historie
             of
             these
             fore-related
             Commotions
             will
             finde
             ,
             that
             
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
            
             ,
             a
             Gentleman
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             was
             one
             of
             the
             greatest
             sticklers
             for
             the
             Commonalties
             ,
             one
             of
             the
             chief
             Ring-leaders
             of
             these
             disorders
             ,
             and
             one
             that
             persevered
             in
             them
             with
             as
             great
             obstinacie
             and
             perversness
             as
             might
             bee
             ;
             for
             which
             hee
             was
             excepted
             ,
             yet
             nothing
             was
             done
             to
             him
             .
             But
             whether
             out
             of
             fear
             ,
             or
             otherwise
             ,
             hee
             privately
             slunk
             away
             out
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ;
             for
             which
             the
             Emperor
             (
             as
             hee
             had
             reason
             )
             was
             the
             more
             displeased
             at
             him
             .
             And
             having
             continued
             in
             this
             voluntarie
             exile
             some
             time
             ,
             at
             last
             having
             disguised
             himself
             ,
             as
             hee
             thought
             ,
             sufficiently
             ,
             hee
             took
             the
             boldness
             to
             return
             to
             the
             Court
             and
             endeavor
             to
             procure
             his
             pardon
             ,
             which
             coming
             to
             the
             knowledg
             of
             one
             that
             was
             neer
             his
             Majesties
             person
             ,
             hee
             thinking
             to
             do
             an
             acceptable
             piece
             of
             service
             ,
             went
             presently
             and
             told
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             that
             
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
            
             was
             in
             the
             Court
             ,
             and
             that
             ,
             if
             his
             Majestie
             was
             so
             pleased
             ,
             hee
             would
             apprehend
             him
             ,
             for
             hee
             knew
             where
             to
             finde
             him
             .
             The
             Emperor
             took
             no
             great
             notice
             hereof
             at
             the
             first
             time
             .
             Two
             or
             three
             daies
             after
             ,
             the
             Gentleman
             thinking
             his
             Majestie
             had
             not
             well
             understood
             him
             ,
             or
             els
             had
             forgotten
             what
             hee
             had
             told
             him
             ,
             gave
             him
             a
             second
             advice
             of
             Hernando's
             beeing
             there
             .
             Whereunto
             the
             Emperor
             with
             a
             countenance
             that
             express'd
             no
             great
             pleasure
             in
             any
             such
             like
             actions
             ,
             answered
             ;
             Thou
             should'st
             have
             done
             better
             to
             have
             advised
             
               Hernando
               de
               Avalos
            
             to
             leav
             the
             Court
             ,
             then
             to
             press
             mee
             to
             give
             command
             to
             have
             him
             apprehended
             .
             So
             the
             pick-thank
             remained
             ashamed
             and
             confounded
             ,
             (
             as
             all
             those
             which
             delight
             in
             such
             base
             unworthie
             offices
             for
             the
             most
             part
             are
             ,
             when
             their
             malicious
             practises
             do
             not
             take
             effect
             )
             .
             It
             is
             moreover
             reported
             ,
             the
             testimonie
             of
             the
             goodness
             of
             this
             Emperor
             ,
             that
             beeing
             told
             hovv
             fevv
             had
             been
             executed
             of
             those
             offendors
             ,
             hee
             replyed
             ,
             It
             is
             enough
             ,
             let
             there
             bee
             no
             
             more
             blood
             spilt
             .
             Which
             vvas
             a
             saying
             indeed
             becoming
             the
             Dignitie
             of
             so
             great
             a
             Prince
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXI
             .
          
           
             THe
             general
             pardon
             beeing
             known
             through
             all
             Spain
             ,
             the
             hearts
             of
             all
             the
             people
             were
             filled
             with
             no
             less
             rejoycing
             then
             affection
             to
             their
             Prince
             ,
             having
             such
             notable
             experience
             of
             his
             clemencie
             and
             valour
             ,
             and
             thenceforwards
             the
             Peace
             and
             quietness
             grew
             daily
             more
             and
             more
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             Those
             of
             Valencia
             hearing
             what
             his
             Majestie
             had
             done
             at
             Valladolid
             for
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             presently
             sent
             their
             Commissioners
             ,
             humbly
             craving
             the
             same
             grace
             and
             favor
             from
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             and
             in
             particular
             they
             desired
             his
             Majestie
             would
             bee
             pleased
             to
             remove
             thence
             their
             Vice-Roy
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Mendoça
            
             ,
             whom
             they
             abhorred
             exceedingly
             ,
             deriving
             upon
             him
             all
             the
             fault
             of
             their
             past
             Commotions
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             many
             Tyrannies
             and
             oppressions
             wherewith
             hee
             had
             overburthened
             the
             people
             .
             But
             those
             Commissioners
             not
             coming
             in
             the
             name
             and
             with
             a
             general
             power
             from
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             their
             desires
             were
             not
             granted
             at
             that
             time
             .
             Whereupon
             the
             12
             of
             
               November
               ,
               Anno
            
             1522
             ,
             four
             other
             Commissioners
             were
             sent
             with
             full
             power
             ,
             from
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Valencia
             ,
             to
             tender
             ,
             without
             reserv
             ,
             into
             his
             Majestie
             's
             hands
             all
             their
             honors
             ,
             lives
             ,
             and
             fortunes
             ,
             that
             hee
             might
             dispose
             of
             them
             at
             his
             will
             and
             pleasure
             ,
             absolutely
             resigning
             themselvs
             to
             his
             clemencie
             ,
             and
             desiring
             onely
             that
             hee
             would
             give
             them
             another
             Vice-Roy
             ,
             for
             they
             could
             not
             endure
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Mendoça
            
             ,
             and
             that
             hee
             would
             change
             som
             other
             Officers
             ;
             Which
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             to
             satisfie
             them
             ,
             did
             ,
             placing
             in
             Diego's
             stead
             ,
             the
             Queen
             Germana
             ,
             and
             making
             
               Don
               Iohn
            
             ,
             Marquis
             of
             Brandeburg
             ,
             her
             husband
             ,
             Captain
             General
             of
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             ,
             who
             died
             in
             the
             same
             year
             .
             After
             which
             ,
             the
             Emperor
             considering
             the
             fidelitie
             and
             Roial
             descent
             of
             
               Don
               Hernando
               de
               Aragon
            
             ,
             Duke
             of
             Calatria
             ,
             (
             who
             beeing
             a
             prisoner
             in
             the
             Castle
             of
             Xativa
             )
             in
             the
             time
             of
             Troubles
             the
             People
             would
             have
             set
             him
             at
             libertie
             ,
             and
             made
             him
             their
             Captain
             General
             ,
             and
             married
             him
             to
             the
             Queen
             ,
             but
             hee
             discreetly
             refused
             their
             
             offer
             ,
             saying
             ,
             That
             hee
             would
             not
             go
             out
             of
             prison
             without
             the
             Emperor's
             consent
             )
             sent
             for
             him
             to
             Valladolid
             ,
             where
             hee
             did
             him
             great
             honor
             and
             respect
             ,
             and
             having
             married
             him
             to
             the
             Queen
             Germana
             ,
             (
             who
             was
             second
             wife
             to
             the
             Catholick
             King
             
               Don
               Fernando
            
             )
             invested
             them
             in
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Valencia
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXII
             .
          
           
             WHilest
             the
             Governors
             of
             Castilla
             ,
             after
             this
             Victorie
             at
             Villalar
             ,
             were
             reducing
             and
             settling
             Segovia
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             Cities
             of
             that
             Kingdom
             ,
             with
             intent
             to
             pass
             with
             their
             Armie
             to
             suppress
             and
             quiet
             the
             disorders
             of
             the
             Toledians
             ;
             The
             Duke
             of
             Naxara
             came
             to
             them
             at
             Segovia
             ,
             
             informing
             them
             that
             a
             powerful
             Armie
             of
             French
             under
             the
             command
             of
             
               Monsieur
               de
               Asparros
            
             ,
             brother
             to
             
               Monsieur
               de
               Lautrech
            
             Vice-Roy
             of
             Milan
             ,
             was
             entred
             into
             Navarra
             ,
             had
             taken
             
               Pamplona
               ,
               Stilla
            
             ,
             and
             divers
             other
             places
             ,
             and
             not
             content
             to
             have
             run
             all
             that
             Countrie
             over
             (
             to
             which
             they
             seemed
             at
             first
             onely
             to
             laie
             claim
             ,
             and
             that
             not
             in
             King
             Francis
             his
             name
             ,
             but
             for
             
               Don
               Enrique
               de
               la
               Brit
            
             ,
             who
             pretended
             to
             bee
             right
             owner
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Navarra
             .
             At
             last
             they
             declared
             themselvs
             (
             what
             reallie
             they
             were
             )
             open
             enemies
             ,
             and
             marched
             with
             all
             their
             forces
             to
             assault
             the
             Citie
             of
             Logron̄o
             ,
             their
             word
             was
             
               Vivat
               the
               King
               and
               flower
               de
               Luce
               of
               France
               ,
               and
               the
               Commonaltie
               of
               Castilla
               ,
            
             which
             was
             a
             great
             argument
             that
             some
             of
             them
             held
             correspondence
             with
             the
             King
             of
             France
             ,
             
             and
             gave
             him
             encouragement
             to
             send
             his
             Armie
             thither
             ;
             But
             the
             valour
             and
             policie
             of
             those
             of
             Logron̄o
             was
             such
             ,
             that
             the
             French
             were
             enforc't
             to
             rais
             their
             siege
             ,
             and
             go
             away
             from
             thence
             with
             no
             inconsiderable
             loss
             ,
             and
             the
             Governors
             beeing
             com
             to
             succor
             Logron̄o
             ,
             pursued
             them
             ,
             
             and
             after
             divers
             skirmishes
             they
             joyned
             battle
             in
             the
             Pyrenean
             mountain
             ,
             wherein
             the
             French
             beeing
             absolutely
             routed
             and
             their
             General
             taken
             prisoner
             ,
             the
             whole
             Kingdom
             of
             Navarra
             was
             presently
             reduced
             under
             the
             Emperors
             subjection
             .
             Who
             perceiving
             the
             animositie
             of
             the
             French
             King
             ,
             and
             the
             means
             hee
             used
             to
             endammage
             him
             in
             several
             parts
             ,
             as
             well
             in
             Flanders
             as
             in
             Spain
             ,
             notwithstanding
             the
             conditions
             of
             peace
             made
             betwixt
             
             the
             two
             Crowns
             at
             Noyon
             ;
             resolved
             at
             last
             to
             paie
             him
             in
             the
             same
             coin
             ,
             and
             take
             his
             full
             revenge
             of
             him
             in
             Italie
             .
             To
             which
             effect
             ,
             hee
             first
             sent
             Embassadors
             to
             Pope
             Leon
             ,
             desiring
             his
             friendship
             and
             assistance
             to
             drive
             the
             French
             out
             of
             Lombardy
             ,
             dispossess
             them
             of
             Milan
             ,
             and
             restore
             it
             to
             
               Francisco
               Sforza
            
             ,
             Son
             to
             Lewis
             brother
             to
             Maximilian
             ,
             from
             whom
             the
             King
             of
             France
             had
             taken
             that
             Countrie
             ;
             and
             to
             retake
             likewise
             Parma
             and
             Placentia
             ,
             which
             belonged
             to
             the
             Church
             .
             Hereupon
             a
             yearly
             pension
             of
             ten
             thousand
             Duckets
             out
             of
             the
             Arch-Bishoprick
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             
             and
             as
             much
             in
             lands
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Naples
             ,
             was
             promised
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             
               Iulo
               de
               Medicis
            
             for
             
               Alexander
               de
               Medicis
            
             base
             son
             to
             Laurencio
             Son
             to
             
               Pedro
               de
               Medicis
            
             ,
             who
             was
             Duke
             of
             Vibino
             .
             The
             Pope
             was
             so
             far
             from
             disliking
             the
             motion
             ,
             that
             hee
             prepared
             monie
             and
             men
             to
             assist
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             making
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Pescara
             Marquis
             of
             Mantua
             his
             General
             ;
             who
             joyning
             with
             
               Prospero
               Colona
            
             ,
             
             Captain
             General
             of
             the
             Imperial
             forces
             ,
             they
             laid
             siege
             to
             the
             Citie
             of
             Parma
             ,
             which
             after
             som
             daies
             resistance
             ,
             they
             stormed
             and
             sacked
             .
             The
             Citie
             and
             Castle
             of
             Milan
             they
             took
             also
             ,
             
             after
             which
             the
             Citie
             of
             Pavia
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Cities
             and
             Towns
             belonging
             to
             the
             State
             of
             Milan
             presently
             surrendered
             themselvs
             :
             This
             done
             ,
             the
             Imperialists
             (
             notwithstanding
             their
             Armie
             was
             much
             lessened
             ,
             monie
             growing
             short
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             Pope's
             sudden
             death
             )
             besieged
             and
             took
             the
             Cities
             of
             Como
             and
             Alexandria
             upon
             the
             River
             Ada
             in
             Lombardie
             .
             About
             the
             same
             time
             the
             King
             of
             France
             advanced
             into
             Flanders
             with
             a
             very
             powerful
             Armie
             ,
             
             to
             succor
             the
             Citie
             of
             Tornay
             (
             which
             then
             was
             besieged
             by
             the
             Emperors
             forces
             )
             but
             beeing
             repulsed
             by
             Henrie
             Earl
             of
             Nassau
             and
             
               Don
               Hugo
               de
               Moncada
            
             ,
             hee
             retreated
             ,
             and
             the
             Citie
             for
             want
             of
             relief
             was
             surrendred
             to
             the
             ●mperialists
             .
             In
             mean
             time
             Francis
             the
             first
             of
             France
             ,
             nothing
             dismaied
             at
             the
             crosness
             of
             his
             fortune
             ,
             sent
             another
             numerous
             Armie
             against
             Spain
             ,
             (
             building
             much
             upon
             the
             absence
             of
             the
             Emperor
             and
             the
             distractions
             in
             that
             Kingdom
             )
             which
             entring
             into
             Navarra
             by
             
               Puerto
               de
               Ronces
               Valles
            
             ,
             
             took
             the
             Forts
             of
             Pen̄ol
             and
             Maya
             ,
             and
             encamp'd
             before
             
               Fuente
               Ravia
            
             ,
             a
             strong
             place
             in
             the
             Countrie
             of
             Guipuzcoa
             ,
             four
             leagues
             from
             Bayona
             ,
             which
             after
             ten
             or
             twelv
             daies
             siege
             ,
             despairing
             of
             any
             succor
             ,
             
               Diego
               de
               Vera
            
             the
             Governor
             delivered
             ,
             
             upon
             condition
             that
             the
             souldiers
             should
             all
             march
             freely
             out
             with
             bag
             and
             baggage
             ,
             the
             Inhabitants
             not
             to
             bee
             plundred
             ,
             and
             have
             libertie
             to
             staie
             or
             go
             out
             of
             the
             Town
             ,
             as
             they
             pleased
             :
             for
             which
             hee
             was
             afterwards
             questioned
             in
             Castilla
             .
          
        
         
           
             SECT
             .
             XXXIII
             .
          
           
             HEnrie
             the
             eighth
             ,
             King
             of
             England
             ,
             (
             whom
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             and
             King
             of
             France
             made
             Arbitrator
             of
             their
             differences
             )
             having
             concluded
             that
             the
             French
             King
             was
             the
             Peace-Breaker
             ,
             
             sent
             the
             Duke
             of
             Suffolk
             (
             who
             had
             married
             Marie
             ,
             sister
             to
             Henrie
             the
             8th
             ,
             and
             Widow
             to
             Lewis
             King
             of
             France
             ,
             with
             a
             considerable
             force
             ,
             to
             join
             with
             the
             Imperialists
             ,
             under
             the
             Command
             of
             
               Florencio
               Egmondio
            
             ,
             Earl
             of
             Bura
             ,
             at
             the
             Siege
             of
             Hesdin
             ,
             in
             the
             frontiers
             of
             Flanders
             ,
             which
             after
             two
             moneths
             time
             they
             were
             compelled
             to
             rais
             ,
             by
             sickness
             ,
             and
             the
             over-flowing
             of
             the
             River
             ,
             besides
             the
             unseasonableness
             of
             the
             weather
             ,
             enforced
             them
             to
             repair
             into
             their
             Winter-quarters
             .
             But
             the
             Spring
             following
             ,
             they
             took
             the
             field
             again
             ,
             and
             marched
             near
             fortie
             thousand
             strong
             toward
             Paris
             ,
             spoiling
             and
             burning
             without
             mercie
             as
             they
             went
             ,
             which
             put
             the
             Parisians
             to
             a
             terrible
             fright
             .
             At
             the
             same
             time
             the
             Lord
             High
             Admiral
             of
             France
             entred
             into
             Lombardie
             with
             an
             Armie
             of
             above
             fiftie
             thousand
             Combatants
             :
             
             But
             the
             Venetians
             ,
             beeing
             joined
             with
             the
             Imperialists
             ,
             recovered
             all
             the
             places
             which
             they
             had
             gotten
             ,
             and
             drove
             them
             quite
             out
             of
             Italie
             .
             Not
             long
             after
             the
             King
             of
             France
             came
             himself
             into
             Lombardie
             at
             the
             head
             of
             another
             mighty
             Armie
             ,
             thinking
             to
             carrie
             all
             before
             him
             ,
             
             but
             before
             the
             Citie
             of
             Pavia
             (
             where
             hee
             had
             pitched
             his
             Camp
             )
             his
             forces
             were
             all
             routed
             by
             the
             Marquis
             of
             Pescara
             ,
             General
             of
             the
             Imperialists
             ,
             and
             hee
             taken
             prisoner
             ,
             his
             Hors
             beeing
             kill'd
             under
             him
             :
             The
             Prince
             of
             Navarra
             was
             likewise
             taken
             and
             committed
             prisoner
             to
             the
             Castle
             of
             Pavia
             ,
             whence
             hee
             made
             his
             escape
             ;
             the
             Prince
             of
             Scotland
             was
             kill'd
             barbarously
             by
             a
             Countrie-fellow
             ,
             to
             whom
             hee
             had
             discovered
             himself
             ,
             and
             promised
             a
             great
             reward
             to
             conduct
             him
             safe
             to
             Vigeven
             ,
             where
             his
             Train
             and
             Baggage
             was
             ,
             which
             fellow
             coming
             to
             relate
             to
             the
             Marquis
             his
             exploit
             ,
             exspecting
             som
             recompence
             ,
             hee
             commanded
             to
             give
             him
             a
             halter
             for
             his
             news
             ,
             and
             hee
             was
             hanged
             
             presently
             .
             Divers
             other
             Noblemen
             and
             persons
             of
             qualitie
             were
             taken
             ,
             and
             many
             killed
             in
             that
             expedition
             .
             The
             King
             ,
             after
             som
             time
             ,
             was
             carried
             into
             Spain
             by
             
               Don
               Carlos
               de
               Lanoy
            
             ,
             Vice-Roy
             of
             Naples
             ,
             upon
             his
             earnest
             request
             ,
             hoping
             to
             make
             his
             conditions
             the
             better
             with
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             if
             hee
             could
             speak
             with
             him
             himself
             .
             Hee
             continued
             a
             Prisoner
             a
             year
             and
             upwards
             ,
             after
             which
             time
             ,
             hee
             was
             released
             upon
             Articles
             betwixt
             him
             and
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             whereof
             one
             principal
             was
             ,
             That
             hee
             should
             marrie
             the
             Emperor's
             sister
             ,
             
               Don̄a
               Leonor
            
             ,
             widow
             to
             
               Don
               Manuel
            
             King
             of
             Portugal
             ,
             and
             restore
             the
             Dukedom
             of
             Burgundie
             to
             the
             Hous
             of
             Austria
             ,
             for
             performance
             of
             their
             agreement
             ,
             his
             two
             eldest
             sons
             ,
             
             
               viz
               Francis
            
             the
             Dolfin
             ,
             and
             Henrie
             Duke
             of
             Orleans
             were
             ,
             at
             the
             same
             time
             as
             hee
             was
             set
             into
             France
             ,
             delivered
             as
             Pledges
             to
             the
             Spaniards
             .
             But
             beeing
             in
             his
             own
             Countrie
             ,
             whether
             by
             persuasion
             of
             ill
             Counsellors
             ,
             or
             ,
             thi●king
             the
             conditions
             too
             unreasonable
             ,
             and
             hee
             not
             obliged
             to
             make
             good
             his
             promise
             ,
             having
             been
             forced
             thereunto
             in
             his
             imprisonment
             ,
             hee
             sent
             the
             Arch-Bishop
             of
             Bourdeaux
             to
             the
             Emperors
             Court
             ,
             requiring
             him
             (
             in
             regard
             it
             was
             not
             in
             his
             power
             to
             give
             away
             any
             part
             of
             his
             Countrie
             )
             that
             hee
             would
             give
             his
             children
             their
             enlargement
             upon
             any
             reasonable
             ransom
             .
             Which
             Embassage
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             with
             great
             indignation
             ,
             answered
             thus
             briefly
             ;
             That
             if
             the
             King
             of
             France
             could
             not
             perform
             the
             conditions
             (
             as
             hee
             pretended
             )
             yet
             desired
             to
             have
             his
             Sons
             at
             libertie
             ;
             hee
             should
             com
             back
             and
             take
             their
             places
             ,
             (
             which
             was
             in
             his
             power
             to
             do
             ,
             and
             hee
             had
             promised
             by
             oath
             )
             otherwise
             ,
             hee
             must
             not
             exspect
             to
             have
             his
             children
             so
             soon
             released
             .
             Hereupon
             the
             French
             King
             giving
             waie
             to
             his
             vindicative
             passion
             ,
             left
             no
             means
             unattempted
             to
             incite
             the
             other
             Christian
             Princes
             to
             wage
             War
             in
             his
             favor
             against
             the
             Emperor
             .
             And
             after
             som
             time
             having
             drawn
             Henrie
             the
             8th
             of
             England
             to
             his
             Partie
             (
             who
             had
             som
             other
             pretences
             to
             quarrel
             with
             the
             Emperor
             )
             they
             both
             sent
             their
             Kings
             a●
             Arms
             with
             Letters
             of
             defiance
             to
             him
             into
             Spain
             ,
             and
             gave
             order
             to
             their
             Embassadors
             to
             return
             ,
             
             and
             leav
             his
             Court.
             Whereupon
             their
             private
             animosities
             broke
             out
             into
             a
             publick
             War
             ,
             which
             for
             a
             time
             continued
             more
             fierce
             and
             bloodie
             then
             the
             former
             :
             but
             at
             last
             their
             differences
             were
             composed
             ,
             and
             an
             happie
             peace
             concluded
             between
             those
             two
             potent
             
             Princes
             ,
             
             by
             the
             no
             less
             ingenious
             then
             industrious
             endeavors
             of
             the
             most
             excellent
             Princesses
             ,
             
               Don̄a
               Margarita
            
             ,
             Arch-Dutchess
             of
             Austria
             ,
             Aunt
             to
             his
             Imperial
             Majestie
             ,
             and
             
               Madama
               Luysa
            
             Dutchess
             of
             Angulema
             and
             Anjou
             ,
             widow
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             Sav●y
             ,
             and
             Mother
             to
             the
             King
             of
             France
             .
             Upon
             which
             agreement
             the
             young
             Princes
             were
             released
             ,
             after
             almost
             four
             years
             close
             imprisonment
             ,
             their
             Father
             sending
             for
             their
             ransom
             two
             millions
             of
             Crowns
             of
             Gold
             ,
             which
             summe
             of
             monie
             was
             put
             into
             one
             boat
             ,
             and
             they
             into
             another
             at
             
               Fuente
               Ravia
            
             ,
             with
             the
             like
             diffidence
             and
             ceremonie
             as
             was
             used
             when
             the
             King
             ,
             their
             father
             ,
             was
             exchanged
             for
             them
             .
             At
             the
             same
             time
             
               Don̄a
               Leonor
            
             the
             Emperor's
             sister
             passed
             into
             France
             ,
             
             according
             to
             the
             Articles
             ,
             who
             was
             married
             by
             the
             Cardinal
             of
             Tournon
             to
             the
             French
             King
             ,
             with
             great
             solemnitie
             and
             expressions
             of
             joie
             ,
             Anno
             1530.
             
             This
             Peace
             continued
             not
             long
             ,
             for
             Francis
             King
             of
             France
             (
             who
             in
             all
             other
             Princely
             qualities
             and
             ornaments
             ,
             was
             rather
             surpassing
             ,
             then
             at
             all
             inferior
             to
             any
             of
             his
             Cotemporaries
             )
             beeing
             transported
             with
             an
             insatiable
             ambition
             ,
             and
             envying
             the
             Emperor's
             greatness
             ,
             gave
             several
             meetings
             at
             Boloigne
             ,
             and
             Calis
             to
             Henrie
             King
             of
             England
             (
             who
             having
             shook
             hands
             with
             Conscience
             and
             Religion
             ,
             and
             repudiated
             Queen
             
               Katharine
               ,
               Charls
            
             the
             Fifth's
             Aunt
             ,
             thinking
             the
             Emperor
             would
             som
             waie
             express
             his
             discontent
             ,
             and
             shew
             himself
             sensible
             of
             so
             great●an
             affront
             ,
             resolved
             to
             give
             him
             further
             occasion
             of
             distaste
             )
             ;
             And
             there
             they
             conspired
             to
             suscitate
             the
             Lutherans
             in
             Germanie
             ,
             
             and
             rais
             new
             factions
             in
             Italie
             against
             him
             ,
             and
             under
             hand
             they
             encouraged
             the
             Danes
             to
             rise
             up
             in
             Arms
             against
             their
             King
             Christian
             ,
             whom
             (
             pretending
             a
             Truce
             ,
             and
             a
             desire
             to
             make
             an
             Accommodation
             with
             him
             )
             they
             surprised
             ,
             hee
             not
             suspecting
             their
             treacherie
             ,
             and
             imprisoned
             him
             in
             the
             Castle
             of
             Sundiburgi
             in
             Holsatia
             ,
             where
             hee
             miserably
             ended
             his
             daies
             :
             The
             said
             Princes
             had
             no
             other
             ground
             for
             this
             p●ece
             of
             malice
             ,
             but
             onely
             in
             relation
             to
             the
             Emperor
             ,
             becaus
             Christian
             was
             his
             friend
             and
             Allie
             ,
             having
             married
             his
             sister
             Ysabella
             ;
             and
             not
             content
             herewith
             ,
             at
             length
             finding
             fit
             opportunities
             ,
             they
             again
             declared
             open
             War
             against
             him
             ,
             the
             transactions
             and
             events
             whereof
             shal
             bee
             exactly
             represented
             in
             the
             Succeeding
             Book
             .
          
        
      
       
         FINIS
         .
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A62158-e930
           
             The
             birth
             of
             the
             Emperor
             Charls
             the
             Fift
             .
          
           
             His
             title
             beeing
             a
             Child
             .
          
           
             Anno
             1501.
             
          
           
             Philip
             the
             
               〈◊〉
               ●w●rn
            
             P●i●ce
             of
             Sp●in
             .
          
           
             The
             b●rth
             of
             ●he
             
               I●fante
               F●rdinand
            
             .
          
           
             Anno
             1505.
             
          
           
             The
             death
             of
             Isabel
             Queen
             of
             Spain
             .
          
           
             Ferdinand's
             design
             to
             get
             the
             Kingdom
             of
             Castilia
             to
             himself
             .
          
           
             The
             death
             ●f
             Phil●p
             the
             Fair
             Duke
             of
             Burgu●die
             ▪
             an●
             A●●●-Duke
             of
             Aust●i●
             .
          
           
             An
             old
             woman's
             Prophecie
             of
             him
             .
          
           
             What
             Children
             .
             Hee
             left
             .
          
           
             The
             manner
             of
             King
             Ferdinand's
             death
             .
          
           
             Dispute
             about
             the
             Government
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
          
           
             Resolute
             car●iage
             and
             answer
             of
             Cardinal
             Ximene●
             to
             the
             Nobles
             o●
             Spain
             .
          
           
             Charls
             the
             Fi●●'s
             coming
             into
             Spain
             .
          
           
             C●rdinal
             Xim●●es
             buried
             at
             
               Alcala
               ,
               anno
            
             1517.
             
          
           
             Som
             were
             of
             opinion
             that
             hee
             was
             poisoned
             .
          
           
             Charls
             the
             Fift's
             age
             when
             hee
             was
             received
             into
             Spain
             .
          
           
             His
             Disposition
             .
          
           
             Who
             Xeures
             was
             .
          
           
             Differe●ces
             about
             the
             acknowledging
             of
             Cha●ls
             ,
             King
             of
             Spain
             .
          
           
             The
             form
             of
             swearing
             Allegeance
             to
             him
             .
          
           
             The
             Oath
             〈◊〉
             took
             .
          
           
             34
             M●●auediz
             make
             6d.
             A
             Du●ket
             make's
             5●
             6d.
          
           
             The
             Infante's
             dis●on●e●tment
             .
          
           
             Charls
             the
             Fift
             received
             at
             Saragosa
             .
             1518.
             
          
           
             The
             Castillians
             and
             Aragoneses
             distasted
             .
          
           
             Gatinara
             made
             Lord
             Chancellor
             of
             Spain
             .
          
           
             Demands
             of
             the
             Aragoneses
             before
             they
             would
             acknowledg
             Charls
             their
             King.
             
          
           
             Quarrel
             be-the
             Castillians
             and
             Aragoneses
             ,
             about
             the
             receiving
             Charls
             as
             King.
             
          
           
             Anno
             1519
             ▪
             
          
           
             The
             Empe●or
             Maximilian's
             dea●h
             in
             Germanie
             .
          
           
             His
             conditions
             .
          
           
             The
             King
             of
             F●ance'●
             ambition
             to
             the
             Imperial
             Crow●
             .
          
           
             Seven
             El●c●o●s
             o●
             the
             Empire
             .
          
           
             C●a●ls
             the
             F●●●t
             elected
             Emperor
             .
          
           
             H●ughti●
             h●militie
             of
             the
             Ea●l
             V●n●v●n●●
             ,
             in
             〈◊〉
             to
             bee
             m●de
             Knight
             of
             the
             
               g●lden
               Fle●ce
            
             .
          
           
             The
             Catalanes
             make
             difficult●e
             of
             acknowledging
             Charls
             King.
             
          
           
             Those
             of
             Valencia
             .
             re●use
             to
             a●knowledg
             him
             .
          
           
             Their
             proud
             answer
             .
          
           
             Troubles
             in
             Germanie
             .
          
        
         
           Notes for div A62158-e10040
           
             The
             
               Martial
               Don
               Pedro
            
             refuseth
             the
             Oath
             of
             Al●g●ance
             .
          
           
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             afterwards
             their
             General
             ,
             a
             m●n
             of
             noble
             extraction
             ,
             and
             a
             high
             Spirit
             .
          
           
             Di●●at●s
             in
             those
             o●
             Va●ladolid
             .
          
           
             Tol●do
             write's
             to
             Vallad●lid
             .
          
           
             Vall●dolid's
             answer
             to
             Toledo
             .
          
           
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
               ,
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
               ,
            
             and
             
               Hern●ndo
               de
               Avalos
            
             ,
             principal
             Actors
             for
             the
             Commons
             in
             Toledo
             .
          
           
             Corregidor
             is
             as
             our
             Majors
             are
             in
             England
             .
          
           
             Dissentions
             in
             ●he
             A●●emblie
             at
             Toledo
             .
          
           
             Here
             the
             Autor
             mislook
             his
             ●carms
             ,
             speaking
             like
             a
             flattering
             Fri●r
             .
          
           
             R●gidores
             and
             Iu●ados
             are
             in
             ●he
             nature
             of
             our
             Aldermen
             and
             Common-Council
             men
             .
          
           
             Parlament
             call'd
             in
             Galicia
             .
          
           
             T●e
             Autor
             ought
             rather
             to
             have
             said
             Promoters
             of
             ●he
             People's
             good
             .
          
           
             V●lladolid's
             answer
             to
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             Toledo
             .
          
           
             Bold
             speech
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             to
             the
             Emperor
             .
          
           
             Tumults
             in
             V●lladolid
             .
          
           
             The
             People
             stop
             the
             Emperor
             at
             the
             gates
             of
             the
             Citie
             .
          
           
             The
             Emperor
             displeased
             with
             the
             Toledians
             .
          
           
             The
             Commissioners
             of
             Salamanca
             refuse
             the
             Oath
             in
             open
             Parlament
             .
          
           
             Dissentings
             in
             the
             Parlament
             .
          
           
             The
             Galician●
             distasted
             .
          
           
             Emulations
             in
             the
             Court.
             
          
           
             The
             Toledians
             protest
             against
             the
             Parlament
             at
             Santjago
             .
          
           
             Rather
             the
             chief
             instrument
             of
             the
             Common
             good
             .
          
           
             The
             Autor
             undervalue's
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             out
             of
             passion
             ,
             for
             contrary
             to
             his
             discription
             hee
             was
             a
             man
             of
             Singular
             wit
             ,
             learning
             and
             mature
             judgment
             and
             his
             Wife
             was
             a
             Ladie
             Nobly
             descended
             and
             the
             most
             Masculine
             ,
             Heroick
             Spirit
             that
             ever
             Spain
             bred
             .
          
           
             This
             Plot
             the
             Fryer
             writ
             upon
             report
             .
          
           
             Neither
             were
             these
             men
             such
             base
             fellows
             as
             hee
             make's
             them
             but
             persons
             of
             quality
             .
          
           
             Tumults
             in
             Toledo
             .
          
           
             Their
             grounds
             were
             good
             and
             had
             su●●ceeded
             better
             if
             they
             had
             not
             bin
             betrayed
             by
             som
             of
             the
             Nobility
             .
          
           
             Extraction
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               L●ss●
            
             .
          
           
             Cardinal
             Adriano
             made
             Governor
             during
             his
             M●jestie's
             absence
             .
          
           
             His
             Council
             .
          
           
             The
             Emperor
             imbark's
             for
             Flanders
             .
          
           
             Hee
             arrive's
             in
             England
          
           
             
               Cardinal
               Wolcey
            
             receive's
             him
             at
             his
             landing
             .
          
           
             His
             reception
             by
             the
             King
             and
             Queen
             at
             Canterburie
             .
          
           
             Tumults
             in
             Segovia
             .
          
           
             
               Ant●nio
               de
               Tordesillas
               R●gidor
            
             and
             Commissioner
             of
             S●govia
             hanged
             by
             the
             People
             .
          
           
             Commotions
             in
             the
             Citie
             of
             Zamora
             .
          
           
             Earthquake
             in
             Burgos
             .
          
           
             The
             Common
             people
             of
             the
             C●tie
             rise
             up
             in
             Arms.
             
          
           
             Their
             design
             upon
             
               Don
               Diego
               de
               Osorio's
            
             hous
             .
          
           
             Up●oars
             in
             Madrid
             .
          
           
             In
             
               Siguenca
               ,
               Guadalaxara
               ,
               Salamanca
               ,
               Mu●cia
               .
            
          
           
             The
             people
             of
             Guad●laxara
             rise
             up
             ag●inst
             their
             Commissioner●
             .
          
           
             Toledo
             and
             Madrid
             Succor
             Segovia
             .
          
           
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padillae
            
             made
             Cap●ain
             of
             the
             Toledians
             .
          
           
             
               Iohn
               Bravo
            
             Captain
             of
             the
             Segovian
             forces
             
          
           
             Ronquillo
             refuseth
             to
             ingage
             in
             battle
             .
          
           
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             commanded
             by
             the
             Cardinal
             to
             assist
             Ronquillo
             .
          
           
             Segovia
             write's
             to
             those
             of
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             not
             to
             deliver
             their
             Artillerie
             to
             Fonseca
             .
          
           
             
               Antonio
               de
               Fonseca
            
             advanceth
             with
             his
             forces
             to
             Medina
             to
             demand
             the
             Artillerie
             .
          
           
             They
             refuse
             to
             deliver
             the
             Artilerie
             .
          
           
             Fonseca
             storn
             .
             the
             Town
             .
             Is
             repulsed
             .
          
           
             The
             unfortunate
             burning
             of
             
               Medina
               del
               Campo
            
             by
             
               Fonseca's
               men
            
          
        
         
           Notes for div A62158-e33180
           
             Bobadilla
             Captain
             of
             the
             people
             in
             M●dina
             .
          
           
             Medina
             complain's
             to
             Valladolid
             of
             their
             misf●rtune●
             .
          
           
             Valladolid's
             answer
             to
             the
             Emperor's
             Letter
             .
          
           
             Tumul●s
             in
             V●lla●olid
             for
             the
             burning
             o●
             M●d●na
             .
          
           
             The
             C●rdinall
             disclaime's
             Fonsec●'s
             burning
             of
             Medin●
             and
             Command's
             him
             to
             disband
             his
             men
             .
          
           
             Commotions
             in
             Caceres
             and
             Iaen
             quieted
             by
             the
             discretion
             of
             
               Don
               Rodrigo
               Mexia
            
             .
          
           
             Factions
             in
             u●eda
             and
             B●●za
             .
          
           
             Cuenca
             riset●
             for
             the
             Commonaltiee
             .
          
           
             The
             Autor
             b●ing
             a
             Frier
             ▪
             shewe●
             himself
             more
             a
             Flatt●rer
             then
             the
             Priest
             a
             Fool
             ,
             for
             the
             one
             praied
             simply
             ▪
             the
             other
             writ
             colloguingly
             ,
             taking
             all
             advantage
             ,
             t●
             advance
             his
             Interest
             i●
             Court
             ▪
             
          
           
             Toro
             and
             
               Ciudad
               Roderigo
            
             declare
             for
             the
             Commonaltie
             
          
           
             Factions
             in
             ●he
             Citie
             of
             Leon.
             
          
           
             A
             ●roph●s●e
             .
          
           
             Toledo
             invite's
             all
             the
             other
             Cities
             to
             send
             their
             Commissioners
             t●
             the
             Assemblie
             at
             Avila
             .
          
           
             Leguizama
             the
             Judg
             ,
             by
             order
             from
             the
             Council
             ,
             goeth
             to
             punish
             the
             disorders
             in
             Murcia
             .
          
           
             The
             people
             rescue
             the
             offendor
             ,
             and
             mu●inie
             against
             Leguiz●ma
             .
          
           
             The
             Marquess
             of
             Velez's
             answer
             to
             Leguizama
             .
          
           
             Leguizam●
             forced
             to
             leav
             the
             Citie
             .
          
           
             Hee
             flie's
             to
             Mula
             .
          
           
             The
             people
             rise
             there
             also
             ,
             and
             rais
             the
             Countrie
             against
             him
             .
          
           
             
               Don
               Iohn
               de
               Figuero●
            
             declar●th
             for
             the
             Commonalti●
             in
             the
             Citie
             of
             Sevill●
             .
          
           
             The
             Qu●tros●te
             ●te
             Four
             and
             twentie
             chiefmen
             chosen
             by
             the
             Citie
             for
             the
             managing
             of
             affairs
             .
          
           
             
               Don
               Iohn
            
             taken
             prisoner
             ,
             and
             the
             Citie
             quieted
             .
          
           
             Salaman●●
             up
             in
             Arm●
             .
          
           
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Maldon●do
            
             Captain
             in
             Salamanc●
             ▪
             
          
           
             Here
             the
             Autor
             flatter's
             ▪
             
          
           
             The
             Junta
             began
             in
             
               Avilae
               .
               Iuli●
            
             29.
             1610.
             
             Where
             they
             s●ayed
             not
             ●●ng
             before
             they
             went
             to
             T●●d●sillas
             .
          
           
             A
             wiser
             man
             then
             the
             Author
             or
             els
             probablie
             bee
             never
             had
             rais●d
             himself
             from
             nothing
             to
             so
             great
             prefe●ment
             .
          
           
             H●re
             the
             A●thor
             would
             disgrace
             and
             undervalue
             if
             hee
             could
             the
             bravest
             wi●t
             that
             ever
             Spain
             bred
             ,
             the
             ho●or
             of
             his
             Countrie
             whose
             in●entions
             were
             o●ely
             for
             the
             Common-wealth's
             good
             ,
             and
             had
             hee
             not
             been
             betrayed
             by
             some
             N●●le-men
             of
             his
             Partie
             ,
             h●e
             ●ad
             made
             it
             〈◊〉
             most
             gl●io●s
             Common-Weal●h
             in
             the
             World.
             Hee
             is
             much
             lamented
             by
             manie
             persons
             of
             qualitie
             in
             Spain
             yet
             〈◊〉
             this
             d●ie
             .
          
           
             Alguazil
             is
             an
             officer
             of
             justice
             in
             Spain
             .
          
           
             Regimi●nto
             ,
             or
             
               Casa
               del
               Regimiento
            
             ,
             is
             ●he
             hous
             where
             the
             inhib●tants
             ●n
             everi●
             Citie
             d●●ssemble
             about
             things
             concerning
             their
             Poli●ical
             Government
             ▪
             
          
           
             Padilla's
             speech
             to
             the
             Queen
             at
             Tordesellas
             .
          
           
             Here
             the
             Autor
             jeer's
             his
             own
             Coat
             .
          
           
             The
             Iunta
             or
             General
             Assemblie
             s●ttled
             at
             Tordesillas
             .
          
           
             The
             I●nta
             send'●
             to
             Valladol●d
             to
             d●ssol●
             the
             K●●g'●
             Counc●●
             .
          
           
             Vall●dolid's
             Answer
             .
          
           
             A
             name●
             Junta
             ,
             summo●'s
             ●hose
             of
             the
             King'●
             Coun●il
             to
             app●a●
             be●ore
             them
             at
             Tordesillas
             .
          
           
             Their
             answer
             .
          
           
             The
             Emperor
             sen●●'s
             Commissions
             to
             the
             Lord
             high
             Constable
             and
             Lord
             Admiral
             of
             Castilla
             making
             them
             Joint-Governors
             of
             Spai●
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             .
          
           
             Som
             of
             the
             Council
             escape
             out
             of
             Vallad●●lid
             in
             disguise
             ▪
             
          
           
             The
             Iunta's
             request
             to
             the
             Queen
             .
          
           
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             apprehendeth
             some
             of
             the
             Co●ncil
             and
             ca●●i●th
             them
             prisone●s
             ●o
             Tordesillas
             .
          
           
             How
             uncharitable
             the
             Autor
             is
             to
             his
             brethren
             Friers
             ?
          
           
             The
             Cardinal
             indeavouring
             to
             go
             out
             of
             Valladolid
             is
             stopped
             by
             the
             people
             .
          
           
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron's
            
             speech
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             persuading
             him
             to
             return
             to
             his
             Palace
             ▪
             
          
           
             Note
             that
             this
             mes●age
             Was
             sent
             at
             the
             fir●t
             assembling
             of
             the
             Iunta
             in
             Avila
             .
          
           
             Prodigious
             signs
             in
             V●lencia
             .
          
           
             The
             Confed●rates
             of
             Vale●cia
             .
          
           
             Sindico's
             were
             officers
             wh●ch
             they
             had
             m●de
             amongst
             them●selvs
             .
          
           
             Other
             Prodi●ious
             signs
             in
             V●lencia
             .
          
           
             
               El
               Encubiert●
            
             .
          
           
             The
             notable
             imposture
             of
             
               Iuan
               de
               Vilvao
            
             .
          
           
             
               Iuan
               de
               Vilvao
            
             ,
             or
             the
             disguised
             Prince
             executed
             by
             the
             Ma●quis
             of
             C●nete
             in
             V●l●ncia
             .
          
        
         
           Notes for div A62158-e45890
           
             Librancas
             ,
             are
             assignments
             of
             monie
             .
          
           
             
               P●ertos
               seco●
            
             ,
             are
             Customs
             paid
             at
             the
             going
             ▪
             in
             or
             cut
             of
             everie
             several
             Kingdom
             in
             Spain
             by
             Land.
             
          
           
             Maestrazgos
             ,
             are
             the
             places
             of
             the
             Masters
             of
             the
             orders
             of
             Knighthood
             in
             Spain
             .
          
           
             Writs
             of
             error
             .
          
           
             Who
             was
             an
             exempted
             pe●son
             and
             reserved
             by
             the
             Emperor
             to
             bee
             punished
             .
          
           
             Commotions
             〈◊〉
             Palencia
             .
          
           
             
               Alcala
               de
               Henares
            
             .
          
           
             Burgos
             riseth
             up
             in
             Arms
             against
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             .
          
           
             The
             Engagement
             of
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             .
          
           
             The
             Infant●
             of
             Granada
             ,
             having
             been
             put
             out
             of
             his
             Office
             ,
             with
             fourteen
             other
             Officers
             of
             the
             Citie
             ,
             by
             the
             people
             of
             Valladolid
             ,
             who
             accused
             them
             of
             keeping
             correspondencie
             with
             the
             Enemie
             .
          
        
         
           Notes for div A62158-e54040
           
             Their
             Cap●a●ns
             were
             good
             enou●h
             ,
             if
             ●hey
             had
             not
             h●d
             som
             ●●eache●rous
             great
             ones
             amongst
             them
             .
          
           
             Here
             the
             Autor
             con●●●leth
             in
             a
             manner
             the
             justnes
             ,
             of
             the
             Caus
             ,
             and
             s●emeth
             himself
             to
             justifie
             it
             .
          
           
             Here
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             ,
             and
             other
             Gentlemen
             ,
             begin
             to
             plaie
             the
             Traitors
             .
          
           
             The
             President
             of
             Valladolid's
             Speech
             to
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Z●mora
             .
          
           
             A
             gallant
             and
             resolute
             answer
             of
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamor●
             to
             the
             Lord
             President
             .
          
           
             An
             heroick
             and
             generous
             Spirit
             in
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zam●ra
             beeing
             a
             man
             indefatigable
             .
          
           
             
               Don
               Pedro
            
             and
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora's
             mess●ge
             to
             the
             Cavaliers
             .
          
           
             The
             Earl
             spoke
             with
             much
             cunning
             &
             dissimulation
             ,
             purposely
             to
             pl●as
             and
             blind
             the
             Bishop
             ,
             that
             h●e
             might
             not
             suspect
             w●at
             they
             had
             in
             private
             concluded
             with
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             ,
             by
             which
             conference
             it
             appear's
             plainly
             that
             they
             w●re
             betraied
             ,
             &
             sol●
             ,
             as
             
               Ant●nio
               de
               Gue●ara
            
             declareth
             at
             large
             in
             his
             Epistles
             .
             No
             h●ng
             but
             the
             private
             treacherie
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             could
             have
             deluded
             the
             Bishop
             and
             destroied
             ●heir
             A●mie
             .
          
           
             T●r●●sillas
             t●ken
             by
             the
             Earl
             of
             Haro
             ,
             Captain
             General
             of
             the
             Cavalier
             forces
             .
          
           
             Som
             of
             the
             Commissioners
             of
             the
             Iunta
             make
             their
             escapes
             .
          
           
             Som
             are
             taken
             ,
             and
             again
             released
             
          
           
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Giron's
            
             and
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora's
             Letter
             to
             Valladolid
             .
          
           
             Valladolid's
             answer
             to
             
               Don
               Pedro.
            
             
          
           
             The
             Lord
             Admirals
             Letter
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Iunta
             at
             Valladolid
             .
          
           
             Their
             Vote
             concerning
             the
             Letter
             .
          
           
             Cou●agious
             expl●it
             of
             the
             Bi●hop
             o●
             Z●mora
             .
          
           
             O●her
             exploit
             of
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora'●
             .
          
           
             The
             Governor
             of
             Vald●per●●aken
             ●aken
             ,
             and
             the
             place
             plundred
             by
             the
             Bishop'●
             m●n
             .
          
           
             Here
             the
             Autor
             g●ve●h
             Kings
             a
             l●sson
             ,
             ●dmonishing
             t●em
             not
             to
             oppres
             their
             Subj●cts
             .
          
           
             Mormojon
             taken
             by
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             .
          
           
             Empudia
             taken
             by
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padill●
            
             ▪
             and
             the
             Bishop
             .
          
           
             The
             Bis●
             .
             speech
             to
             hi●
             m●n
             in
             the
             Assault
             .
          
           
             The
             Lord
             High
             Constabl●'●
             plot
             discovered
             .
          
           
             Mutinie
             in
             the
             Citie
             of
             Burgos
             .
          
           
             The
             Common
             people
             submit
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             .
          
           
             The
             Fort
             is
             surrendered
             to
             him
             .
          
           
             Troubles
             in
             the
             Countrie
             of
             Biscaya
             .
          
           
             First
             ground
             of
             Salva●●erra's
             di●●a●ie
             against
             his
             Majestie
             .
          
           
             
               Diego
               Martinez
               de
               Al●va
            
             ,
             and
             his
             allies
             ,
             apprehend
             &
             imprison
             the
             Judg
             ,
             whom
             the
             Iunta
             sent
             to
             Vitoria
             .
          
           
             Th●
             Earl
             of
             S●lvatierra
             faceth
             Vitoria
             with
             his
             Armie
             .
          
           
             
               D●n
               Pedro
               Xuarez
               de
               Velasco
            
             routeth
             those
             of
             the
             Merindades
             .
          
           
             The
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             by
             order
             from
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             intercept's
             the
             Artillerie
             which
             wa●
             going
             to
             the
             Lord
             High
             Constable
             ,
             and
             causeth
             it
             to
             bee
             broken
             in
             pieces
             .
          
           
             The
             Earl
             of
             Salv●ti●rra's
             Armie
             enter's
             into
             Vitoria
             .
          
           
             Dis●osition
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               de
               Ayalae
            
             Earl
             of
             Salva●ierr●
             .
          
           
             His
             Letter
             to
             the
             Iunta
             ,
             an
             ●he
             Citie
             o●
             Valladolid
             .
          
           
             The
             E●rl
             of
             Salva●ierr●
             put
             to
             flight
             .
          
           
             His
             Captain
             
               G●nsalo
               Va●ahona
            
             taken
             prisoner
             by
             those
             of
             Vito●ia
             ,
             and
             be●●a●ed
             in
             the
             ma●ket
             place
             of
             th●ir
             Citie
             .
          
           
             Here
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Lasso
            
             begin's
             to
             treat
             privately
             with
             the
             Council
             ,
             by
             means
             of
             
               Alonso
               Ortiz
            
             ,
             who
             was
             a
             Iurate
             of
             Toledo
             ,
             and
             his
             fellow
             Commissioner
             in
             the
             Parlament
             at
             Santjago
             .
          
           
             A
             brave
             resolution
             of
             Valladolid
             .
          
           
             The
             Lord
             Admiral
             's
             Letter
             to
             those
             of
             Valladolid
             .
          
           
             The
             Iunta's
             and
             Valladolid's
             answer
             to
             the
             Lord
             Admiral
             .
          
           
             Note
             that
             seldom
             hath
             there
             been
             any
             Trea●herie
             committed
             ,
             but
             a
             Frier
             ,
             or
             som
             Clergie
             man
             ,
             had
             a
             hand
             in
             it
             .
          
           
             P●dilla's
             speech
             to
             the
             Commo●
             peopl●
             in
             Vallado●id
             .
          
           
             Here
             the
             Au●or
             ,
             though
             ●
             Frier
             ,
             expresseth
             more●
             spl●en
             and
             passion
             ●hen
             Christian
             charitie
             to
             his
             br●thre●
             .
          
           
             Here
             the
             Autor
             ●xtend's
             himself
             as
             far
             in
             flatterie
             ,
             as
             in
             other
             places
             in
             passionate
             railing
             .
          
           
             
               I●hn
               de
               Pa●●lla
            
             besiegeth
             Torrel●bation
             .
          
           
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             take'●
             Torreloba●o●
             and
             the
             Tower.
             
          
           
             Wholsom
             counsel
             of
             the
             Frier
             .
          
           
             
               Alonso
               Ortiz
            
             obtain's
             a
             Truce
             f●om
             those
             of
             the
             Junt●
             with
             the
             Cavaliers
             .
          
           
             By
             order
             from
             the
             Junta
             the
             Truce
             is
             proclaimed
             in
             
               John
               de
               Padilla's
            
             Armie
             .
          
           
             The
             C●andee's
             exceptions
             against
             the
             Truce
             .
          
           
             Tho●e
             of
             Valladolid
             disconten●ed
             against
             the
             Com●anders
             of
             their
             Armie
             ,
             for
             yielding
             to
             a
             Truce
             .
          
           
             The
             Truce
             brok●n
             off
             again
             .
          
        
         
           Notes for div A62158-e69580
           
             Here
             the
             Frier
             m●keth
             a
             digression
             ,
             falling
             into
             his
             usual
             manner
             of
             flatterie
             .
          
           
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             was
             not
             so
             incapable
             as
             the
             Frier
             make●
             him
             ,
             th●ugh
             over-seen
             in
             this
             o●casion
             .
          
           
             Here
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Giron
            
             discover's
             himself
             to
             bee
             a
             Traitor
             on
             both
             sides
             .
          
           
             Another
             notorious
             Traitor
             to
             the
             Commons
             .
             Here
             the
             Frier
             flattereth
             again
             the
             familie
             of
             the
             Girons
             .
          
           
             The
             Relation
             of
             the
             first
             Autor
             (
             who
             in
             probabilitie
             was
             Gueuara
             )
             is
             ●he
             ●ather
             to
             be
             believed
             .
          
           
             Two
             months
             hee
             staid
             there
             .
          
           
             A
             Priest
             dissuade's
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             from
             encountering
             the
             Cavaliers
             .
          
           
             His
             Answer
             .
          
           
             A
             private
             plot
             of
             
               Don
               Pedro
               Maldonad●'s
            
             with
             the
             Earl
             of
             Venavente
             ,
             to
             betraie
             the
             Artillerie
             .
          
           
             Notable
             courage
             of
             
               Io●n
               de
               Padilla
            
             .
          
           
             
               Iohn
               de
               Padilla
            
             taken
             prisoner
             .
          
           
             
               Don
               Pedro
               M●ldonado
            
             was
             s●ved
             for
             be●raying
             the
             Ar●●●●erie
             .
          
           
             Resolute
             Answer
             of
             
               J●hn
               Bra●o
            
             .
          
           
             Christian
             admonishment
             of
             
               John
               de
               Padilla
            
             .
          
           
             Here
             these
             three
             noble
             Gentelmen
             died
             as
             gallantly
             as
             they
             had
             lived
             ,
             beeing
             Patriots
             of
             their
             Countrie
             ,
             whose
             memories
             deserv
             an
             everlasting
             same
             .
          
           
             The
             manner
             of
             the
             Cavaliers
             entering
             into
             Valladolid
             .
          
           
             The
             Fre●ch
             advance
             into
             Navarra
             .
          
           
             The
             F●enc●
             Armie
             repulsed
             .
          
           
             The
             Fre●ch
             enter
             into
             Biscaya
             by
             B●yona
             .
          
           
             
               D●n
               P●d●o
               de
               Guzman
            
             so●ely
             wounded
             and
             tak●n
             prisoner
             ●y
             the
             Tol●dians
             .
          
           
             
               D●nia
               Maria
               Pacheco's
            
             escape
             out
             of
             Toledo
             .
          
           
             Som
             sai●
             sh●e
             died
             in
             Portugal
             .
          
           
             They
             should
             rather
             have
             erected
             a
             Statue
             ,
             in
             memorie
             that
             he
             died
             a
             Martyr
             for
             his
             Countrie
             .
          
           
             The
             manner
             of
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Zamora's
             beeing
             t●●ken
             prisoner
             .
          
           
             They
             died
             gallantly
             as
             Martyrs
             for
             their
             Countrie
             .
          
           
             The
             B●shop
             of
             Zamor●'●
             death
             .
             His
             Majestie
             had
             great
             reason
             to
             g●●●●
             for
             the
             lo●s
             of
             the
             g●●●test
             Prela●e
             th●t
             ever
             Spain
             b●●d
             ,
             b●eing
             so
             aged
             ,
             and
             so
             resolu●e
             to
             the
             l●st
             ,
             for
             the
             good
             of
             his
             Countrie
             .
          
           
             Thus
             died
             this
             brave
             Earl
             ,
             whom
             if
             the
             other
             Nob●es
             had
             seconded
             ,
             they
             had
             made
             Spai●
             the
             most
             glorious
             Re●ublic●
             of
             t●e
             wo●ld
             .
          
           
             Nota●●●
             pie●ie
             of
             
               Do●
               At●anasio
               d●
               Ayala
            
             to
             his
             f●●ther
             ,
             the
             Earl
             of
             Salvatierra
             ,
             being
             ready
             to
             starv
             in
             prison
             .
          
           
             The
             French
             make
             it
             cursions
             into
             Nava●ra
             .
          
           
             The
             French
             are
             forc●d
             to
             rais
             their
             siege
             before
             Log●onio
             .
          
           
             Th●ir
             Armie
             routed
             in
             the
             Pyrenean
             mountains
             ,
             and
             Navarra
             also
             reduced
             by
             the
             Governors
             of
             Castilla
             ▪
             
          
           
             The
             Emperor
             and
             the
             Pope
             combine
             against
             the
             French
             King.
             
          
           
             Their
             forces
             take
             the
             Citie
             of
             Pa●ma
             .
          
           
             
               Milan
               .
               Pavia
            
             .
          
           
             The
             French
             advance
             into
             Flanders
             ,
             and
             are
             repulsed
             .
          
           
             The
             French
             take
             
               Fuente
               Ravia
            
             .
          
           
             Henrie
             8.
             of
             England
             assists
             the
             Emperor
             against
             the
             French.
             
          
           
             The
             Venetians
             assist
             the
             Emperor
             in
             Lombardie
             .
          
           
             Francis
             the
             first
             of
             France
             taken
             prisoner
             at
             Pavia
             .
          
           
             Francis
             the
             F●rst
             exchang'd
             for
             his
             two
             sons
             .
          
           
             The
             Kings
             of
             England
             and
             France
             ,
             sent
             Letters
             of
             Defiance
             to
             the
             Emperor
             .
          
           
             Pe●ce
             made
             between
             ●he
             Emperor
             and
             King
             of
             France
             ,
             by
             the
             Archdutchess
             of
             Austria
             ,
             and
             the
             Dutchess
             of
             Angul●m●
             .
             His
             two
             sons
             ransomed
             for
             2000●
             of
             Crowns
             of
             Gold.
             
          
           
             The
             Emperor's
             sister
             L●onora
             married
             to
             the
             French
             King.
             
          
           
             A
             plot
             betw●xt
             Hen.
             8
             and
             F●an
             .
             King
             of
             F●ance
             ,
             against
             the
             Emperor
             .