The history of the administration of Cardinal Ximenes, great minister of state in Spain written originally in French, by the sieur Michael Baudier of Languedoc ... and translated into English By W. Vaughan.
         Histoire de l'administration du Cardinal Ximenes, grand ministre d'estat en Espagne. English
         Baudier, Michel, 1589?-1645.
      
       
         
           1671
        
      
       Approx. 297 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 105 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images.
       
         Text Creation Partnership,
         Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) :
         2007-10 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1).
         A26840
         Wing B1164
         ESTC R6814
         11894553
         ocm 11894553
         50543
         
           
            This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of
             Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal
            . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
          
        
      
       
         Early English books online.
      
       
         (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A26840)
         Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 50543)
         Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 53:3)
      
       
         
           
             The history of the administration of Cardinal Ximenes, great minister of state in Spain written originally in French, by the sieur Michael Baudier of Languedoc ... and translated into English By W. Vaughan.
             Histoire de l'administration du Cardinal Ximenes, grand ministre d'estat en Espagne. English
             Baudier, Michel, 1589?-1645.
             Vaughan, Walter.
          
           [49], 150 p. : port.
           
             Printed for John Wilkins ...,
             London :
             1671.
          
           
             Translation of: Histoire de l'administration du Cardinal Ximenes, grand ministre d'estat en Espagne.
             Errata: p. [17].
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford.
         Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors.
      
       
         EEBO-TCP is a partnership between the Universities of Michigan and Oxford and the publisher ProQuest to create accurately transcribed and encoded texts based on the image sets published by ProQuest via their Early English Books Online (EEBO) database (http://eebo.chadwyck.com). The general aim of EEBO-TCP is to encode one copy (usually the first edition) of every monographic English-language title published between 1473 and 1700 available in EEBO.
         EEBO-TCP aimed to produce large quantities of textual data within the usual project restraints of time and funding, and therefore chose to create diplomatic transcriptions (as opposed to critical editions) with light-touch, mainly structural encoding based on the Text Encoding Initiative (http://www.tei-c.org).
         The EEBO-TCP project was divided into two phases. The 25,363 texts created during Phase 1 of the project have been released into the public domain as of 1 January 2015. Anyone can now take and use these texts for their own purposes, but we respectfully request that due credit and attribution is given to their original source.
         Users should be aware of the process of creating the TCP texts, and therefore of any assumptions that can be made about the data.
         Text selection was based on the New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature (NCBEL). If an author (or for an anonymous work, the title) appears in NCBEL, then their works are eligible for inclusion. Selection was intended to range over a wide variety of subject areas, to reflect the true nature of the print record of the period. In general, first editions of a works in English were prioritized, although there are a number of works in other languages, notably Latin and Welsh, included and sometimes a second or later edition of a work was chosen if there was a compelling reason to do so.
         Image sets were sent to external keying companies for transcription and basic encoding. Quality assurance was then carried out by editorial teams in Oxford and Michigan. 5% (or 5 pages, whichever is the greater) of each text was proofread for accuracy and those which did not meet QA standards were returned to the keyers to be redone. After proofreading, the encoding was enhanced and/or corrected and characters marked as illegible were corrected where possible up to a limit of 100 instances per text. Any remaining illegibles were encoded as <gap>s. Understanding these processes should make clear that, while the overall quality of TCP data is very good, some errors will remain and some readable characters will be marked as illegible. Users should bear in mind that in all likelihood such instances will never have been looked at by a TCP editor.
         The texts were encoded and linked to page images in accordance with level 4 of the TEI in Libraries guidelines.
         Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements).
         
          Keying and markup guidelines are available at the
           Text Creation Partnership web site
          .
        
      
       
         
         
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Jiménez de Cisneros, Francisco, 1436?-1517.
           Spain -- Politics and government -- 1479-1516.
           Spain -- Foreign relations -- 1479-1516.
           Spain -- History -- Ferdinand and Isabella, 1479-1516.
        
      
    
     
        2006-04 TCP
        Assigned for keying and markup
      
        2006-08 SPi Global
        Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images
      
        2006-10 Judith Siefring
        Sampled and proofread
      
        2006-10 Judith Siefring
        Text and markup reviewed and edited
      
        2007-02 pfs
        Batch review (QC) and XML conversion
      
    
  
   
     
       
         
         
           
             
               Francis
               Cardinal
               Ximenes
               great
               Minister
               of
               State
               in
               Spaine
               .
               Cross
               sculpsit
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           THE
           HISTORY
           OF
           THE
           ADMINISTRATION
           OF
           CARDINAL
           XIMENES
           ,
           Great
           Minister
           of
           State
           IN
           SPAIN
           .
        
         
           Written
           Originally
           in
           FRENCH
           ,
           BY
           The
           Sieur
           
             Michael
             Baudier
          
           of
           Languedoc
           ,
           Councellor
           and
           Historiographer
           to
           His
           Most
           Christian
           Majesty
           ;
           and
           Translated
           into
           English
           ,
           by
           
             W.
             Vaughan
          
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           for
           
             John
             Wilkins
          
           at
           the
           Sign
           of
           the
           Maiden-Head
           in
           
             New
             Cheap-side
          
           in
           Moor-fields
           .
           1671.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           To
           the
           Honourable
           Sr.
           
             Henry
             Herbert
          
           Knight
           ,
           Master
           of
           the
           REVELLS
           .
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
        
         
           TRUE
           Gratitude
           abhors
           the
           prostitute
           forms
           of
           Verbal
           thanks
           ,
           as
           a
           Vertuous
           Lady
           the
           dress
           of
           a
           Curtezan
           ;
           And
           since
           men
           practise
           the
           Art
           to
           make
           false
           Glosses
           on
           the
           Text
           of
           their
           thoughts
           ,
           to
           personate
           Gratitude
           ,
           and
           render
           these
           words
           meer
           Colours
           of
           ordinary
           Civility
           
           and
           Complements
           to
           fill
           up
           the
           vacuity
           of
           discourse
           ;
           which
           in
           the
           first
           use
           ,
           were
           faithful
           interpreters
           of
           the
           affections
           they
           represented
           :
           since
           false
           tongues
           are
           as
           modeable
           as
           false
           Locks
           ,
           and
           Grateful
           language
           (
           like
           excellent
           fruit
           grafted
           on
           a
           Crabstock
           )
           usurped
           by
           those
           who
           take
           not
           any
           impression
           from
           the
           favours
           their
           speech
           pretends
           engraven
           in
           their
           hearts
           ,
           which
           remain
           unaltered
           from
           their
           innate
           ingratitude
           ,
           as
           the
           Crab-root
           retains
           his
           sowre
           nature
           ,
           though
           his
           boughs
           are
           adorned
           with
           Golden
           Apples
           .
           Since
           men
           have
           learnt
           to
           give
           thanks
           by
           Rote
           ,
           as
           Parrots
           do
           Goodmorrows
           ;
           To
           reduce
           the
           expression
           of
           Gratitude
           to
           lip-labour
           ,
           is
           to
           offer
           Sacrifice
           on
           a
           polluted
           Altar
           ;
           to
           prophane
           that
           which
           is
           holy
           ,
           and
           to
           pay
           a
           debt
           in
           brass
           money
           ,
           which
           may
           have
           the
           stamp
           ,
           but
           not
           the
           value
           of
           currant
           Coyn.
           
           Large
           professions
           of
           thankfulness
           having
           by
           general
           abuse
           degenerated
           into
           pure
           impostures
           and
           vizzards
           of
           hypocrisie
           ,
           or
           (
           at
           best
           )
           empty
           sounds
           ,
           which
           naturally
           inferr
           the
           hollowness
           of
           the
           Vessell
           they
           proceed
           from
           .
        
         
           My
           obligations
           to
           you
           are
           many
           and
           great
           ;
           Justice
           returns
           
             quid
             pro
             quo
          
           ,
           something
           equivolent
           to
           what
           is
           received
           ;
           but
           Gratitude
           obliges
           
             reddere
             cum
             foenore
          
           ;
           a
           Duty
           I
           am
           so
           far
           from
           being
           Capable
           to
           satisfie
           ,
           that
           I
           confess
           my self
           Bankrupt
           by
           your
           favours
           :
           and
           for
           laying
           out
           kindnesses
           where
           they
           were
           not
           deserved
           ,
           nor
           can
           be
           requited
           ,
           you
           might
           have
           repented
           your self
           of
           ill
           husbandry
           ,
           equall
           to
           his
           ,
           who
           sowed
           Wheat
           on
           the
           sands
           ;
           But
           that
           bounty
           to
           an
           undeserving
           person
           ,
           resembles
           so
           nearly
           that
           Archetype
           of
           Goodness
           ,
           whereby
           Providence
           obliges
           the
           Universe
           without
           
           its
           merit
           ;
           that
           my
           want
           of
           desert
           ,
           and
           disability
           of
           retribution
           ,
           will
           intitle
           your
           beneficence
           the
           more
           Divine
           ;
           and
           be
           Arguments
           of
           your
           Prudence
           ,
           in
           doing
           good
           for
           Ends
           whereof
           you
           cannot
           be
           disappointed
           :
           that
           is
           ,
           like
           Solomon's
           Good
           Man
           ,
           of
           being
           satisfied
           from
           your self
           ;
           a
           design
           not
           to
           be
           frustrated
           :
           and
           carries
           in
           it
           the
           Comfort
           of
           being
           Conformable
           to
           his
           Precept
           ,
           who
           Commands
           to
           give
           without
           hope
           to
           receive
           again
           .
           
             —
             Licet
             exemplis
             ,
             in
             parvis
             ,
             Grandibus
             uti
             .
          
           It
           was
           the
           saying
           of
           a
           great
           man
           
             Roan
             Iesuis
             ,
             Roy
             Ie
             ne
             puis
             ,
             Prince
             Ie
             desdayne
          
           :
           To
           apply
           it
           to
           the
           present
           purpose
           .
           Your
           Favours
           ,
           Sir
           ,
           I
           am
           heartily
           thankfull
           for
           ;
           actually
           to
           requite
           them
           is
           beyond
           my
           power
           ;
           And
           (
           though
           I
           do
           not
           scorn
           verball
           acknowledgements
           ,
           
           yet
           ,
           I
           ever
           thought
           words
           (
           which
           are
           but
           wind
           )
           as
           unfit
           representatives
           of
           the
           deep
           Characters
           of
           Gratefull
           thoughts
           ,
           as
           ordinary
           Table-Books
           ,
           or
           
             Chartae
             deletiles
          
           ,
           to
           hold
           matters
           of
           record
           .
           And
           conceived
           it
           proper
           to
           transcribe
           the
           impressions
           my
           heart
           hath
           taken
           from
           your
           favours
           ,
           into
           Monuments
           that
           may
           remain
           to
           perpetuity
           ;
           and
           not
           only
           proclaim
           to
           the
           present
           Age
           ,
           but
           transmit
           to
           posterity
           a
           publick
           testimony
           of
           your
           Goodness
           in
           my
           Gratitude
           .
           And
           though
           herein
           I
           do
           no
           more
           than
           the
           insolvent
           person
           ,
           who
           by
           the
           writing
           he
           owns
           himself
           a
           debtor
           ,
           publishes
           only
           his
           obligation
           and
           disability
           to
           pay
           :
           Yet
           the
           freeness
           of
           those
           favours
           whereby
           you
           have
           engaged
           me
           ,
           makes
           me
           confident
           of
           your
           acceptance
           of
           this
           address
           ,
           as
           my
           declaration
           in
           Print
           of
           the
           duties
           I
           
           
           
           
           
           owe
           you
           ;
           and
           particularly
           my
           obligations
           for
           the
           opportunities
           had
           for
           this
           Translation
           of
           the
           Life
           of
           Ximenes
           :
           wherein
           if
           any
           Crudity
           appears
           ,
           you
           will
           wink
           at
           it
           as
           a
           thing
           incident
           to
           the
           first
           fruits
           of
           mens
           Labours
           .
           This
           being
           such
           ,
           and
           humbly
           presented
           to
           you
           ,
           by
           him
           who
           is
           heartily
           as
           actually
           ,
        
         
           
             Your
             Servant
             ,
             Walt.
             Vaughan
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
           TO
           THE
           READER
           .
        
         
           THIS
           Book
           contains
           Vertue
           
             in
             Effigie
          
           drawn
           to
           the
           life
           ,
           beyond
           the
           Artifice
           of
           Picture
           or
           Sculpture
           ;
           for
           (
           what
           Appelles
           and
           Lysippus
           could
           not
           shadow
           )
           the
           life
           of
           Ximenes
           presents
           conspicuous
           as
           the
           light
           ,
           the
           progress
           and
           Ascent
           of
           vertue
           ,
           from
           the
           obscurity
           of
           a
           private
           condition
           ,
           to
           the
           illustrious
           Dignity
           of
           a
           Governour
           of
           Kingdoms
           :
           And
           in
           one
           piece
           hath
           exprest
           its
           infancy
           ,
           growth
           and
           maturity
           .
           'T
           is
           exposed
           to
           view
           in
           a
           Fryars
           Frock
           ,
           and
           the
           Pomp
           of
           a
           Cardinal
           ;
           in
           the
           solitary
           retirements
           of
           an
           Ermitage
           ,
           and
           attended
           with
           legions
           of
           armed
           men
           :
           Praying
           in
           a
           Cloister
           ,
           and
           Judging
           on
           a
           Throne
           ;
           Begging
           Alms
           ,
           but
           withall
           bestowing
           Provinces
           ,
           and
           relieving
           Princes
           in
           distress
           :
           Dead
           to
           the
           world
           ,
           to
           live
           in
           it
           with
           Content
           ;
           and
           buried
           in
           a
           Monastery
           ,
           to
           obtain
           a
           glorious
           
           resurrection
           into
           the
           Theatre
           of
           Action
           ,
           and
           the
           prime
           dignities
           of
           Church
           and
           State.
           Fortune
           the
           Mistris
           of
           other
           mens
           vertues
           ,
           waited
           on
           Ximenes
           ,
           as
           a
           Page
           Errant
           through
           the
           desart
           solitudes
           of
           Covents
           and
           Cloysters
           ,
           into
           the
           glorious
           splendour
           of
           Palaces
           and
           Soveraign
           Courts
           :
           like
           a
           wanton
           Lover
           ,
           she
           pursued
           him
           who
           fled
           from
           her
           ,
           and
           Courted
           him
           ,
           who
           slighted
           her
           .
           His
           merit
           had
           preference
           to
           the
           prerogative
           of
           Royal
           Birth
           ,
           when
           Queen
           Isabell
           unasked
           ,
           promoted
           him
           to
           the
           Archiepiscopal
           Chair
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           which
           the
           Charms
           of
           Conjugal
           affection
           ,
           assisted
           with
           the
           powerfull
           influence
           of
           Majesty
           in
           the
           intercessions
           of
           Ferdinand
           her
           King
           and
           Husband
           ,
           laboured
           in
           vain
           to
           perswade
           her
           to
           grant
           to
           
             Don
             Alonzo
          
           his
           Son
           ,
           then
           Suitor
           for
           that
           Great
           dignity
           of
           prime
           Prelate
           and
           first
           Grandee
           of
           Spain
           ,
           who
           mist
           his
           mark
           ,
           though
           he
           was
           born
           a
           Prince
           ,
           and
           had
           a
           King
           for
           his
           Advocate
           to
           plead
           in
           his
           behalf
           :
           the
           success
           justified
           the
           wisdom
           of
           Queen
           Isabels
           choice
           .
           For
           the
           vertue
           of
           Ximenes
           ,
           was
           proof
           against
           the
           Charms
           of
           Romish
           Greatness
           :
           and
           continued
           humble
           and
           pious
           
             in
             pontificalibus
          
           ;
           not
           Fortunes
           slave
           ,
           but
           Mistris
           :
           gained
           vast
           revenews
           ,
           to
           appear
           prodigiously
           liberal
           ;
           and
           Soveraign
           Honors
           to
           Grace
           his
           Magnificence
           ;
           filled
           his
           soul
           with
           
           zeal
           for
           Conversion
           of
           Infidels
           ,
           and
           his
           Heart
           with
           Courage
           to
           conquer
           Oran
           .
           Managed
           the
           Generals
           Staff
           ,
           and
           swayed
           the
           Scepter
           with
           the
           same
           dexterity
           he
           handled
           the
           Breviary
           :
           the
           Head
           of
           an
           Army
           in
           a
           Cardinals
           Cap
           ,
           and
           Governour
           of
           Spain
           in
           the
           Purple
           of
           the
           Church
           ;
           a
           Courtier
           and
           Patriot
           in
           one
           person
           ;
           the
           darling
           of
           his
           Prince
           ,
           for
           fidelity
           and
           zeal
           to
           promote
           the
           interest
           of
           the
           Crown
           ;
           the
           favourite
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           for
           easing
           their
           grievances
           ,
           procuring
           immunities
           ,
           erecting
           and
           endowing
           Colledges
           ,
           Hospitals
           and
           Granaries
           ;
           wherein
           he
           expended
           the
           vast
           profits
           of
           his
           Benefices
           ,
           like
           the
           Ocean
           returning
           the
           Tribute
           of
           the
           lesser
           Waters
           ,
           he
           receives
           in
           showers
           of
           beneficence
           on
           those
           who
           paid
           it
           .
           When
           he
           retired
           from
           the
           Presidents
           Chair
           in
           the
           Councel
           Royal
           ,
           he
           went
           to
           Assist
           at
           Conferences
           of
           Divinity
           ,
           to
           demonstrate
           the
           Consistence
           of
           Piety
           (
           to
           Canonize
           him
           a
           Saint
           )
           with
           Policy
           ,
           which
           gained
           him
           the
           title
           of
           Great
           Minister
           of
           Spain
           .
           And
           that
           the
           distractions
           of
           Government
           ,
           could
           not
           disorder
           the
           harmony
           of
           his
           soul
           into
           an
           incapacity
           to
           perform
           exercises
           of
           Devotion
           ,
           when
           tost
           with
           the
           Tempests
           of
           a
           turbulent
           State.
           
        
         
           He
           was
           humble
           in
           his
           personal
           carriage
           and
           private
           concerns
           ,
           but
           haughty
           in
           his
           
           Conduct
           ,
           and
           heroically
           magnanimous
           in
           his
           publick
           capacity
           .
           His
           Gratitude
           to
           his
           Benefactors
           was
           Generous
           and
           exemplary
           ;
           but
           
             usque
             ad
             Aras
          
           ,
           confined
           within
           the
           limits
           of
           Justice
           ,
           from
           which
           he
           was
           inflexible
           ,
           though
           tempted
           by
           the
           highest
           obligations
           ,
           which
           occasioned
           his
           contest
           with
           his
           Good
           Master
           Ferdinand
           ,
           and
           the
           Pope
           ;
           when
           the
           former
           denyed
           him
           what
           in
           Justice
           was
           due
           ;
           and
           the
           other
           would
           have
           usurped
           a
           power
           to
           unlock
           at
           pleasure
           the
           Treasuries
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Spain
           ,
           with
           the
           Keyes
           of
           St.
           Peter
           .
           But
           blind
           obedience
           was
           not
           an
           Article
           of
           the
           Cardinals
           Creed
           ,
           who
           reverenced
           the
           Pope
           as
           Pastor
           of
           the
           flock
           ;
           but
           would
           not
           admit
           him
           Lord
           of
           the
           heritage
           .
           He
           slighted
           mean
           exercises
           of
           Vertue
           ,
           as
           born
           only
           for
           arduous
           attempts
           :
           annulled
           Contracts
           made
           by
           the
           High
           Treasurer
           
             Don
             Manuel
          
           in
           deceit
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           tore
           in
           pieces
           the
           fraudulent
           Lease
           drawn
           by
           Collusion
           with
           the
           Farmers
           of
           Granada
           .
           Made
           Judges
           examples
           of
           his
           Justice
           ,
           and
           feel
           the
           severity
           of
           the
           Laws
           they
           had
           corruptly
           abused
           ,
           to
           colour
           their
           sale
           of
           the
           right
           of
           the
           poor
           to
           the
           purse
           of
           the
           rich
           .
           Reformed
           the
           Exchequer
           and
           Counsel
           Royal
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           the
           Retinue
           of
           the
           Court
           :
           laid
           prostrate
           three
           of
           the
           greatest
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           ,
           who
           had
           vilified
           his
           Person
           ,
           and
           
           contemned
           his
           Authority
           :
           forced
           the
           Councel
           Royal
           to
           pay
           him
           the
           respects
           they
           had
           neglected
           :
           obliged
           Prince
           Ferdinand
           Brother
           to
           Charles
           the
           fifth
           then
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           to
           obey
           the
           Orders
           he
           threatned
           to
           break
           :
           reduced
           the
           Rebell
           Cities
           of
           Spain
           to
           obedience
           by
           Arms
           ,
           and
           Mutineers
           by
           the
           sole
           Majesty
           of
           his
           looks
           ,
           and
           the
           silent
           Authority
           of
           his
           Great
           Conduct
           ;
           opened
           (
           as
           Generall
           )
           a
           passage
           to
           the
           Catholick
           King
           ;
           and
           (
           as
           Archbishop
           and
           Cardinal
           )
           to
           the
           Catholick
           Faith
           into
           Africk
           .
           Was
           a
           president
           of
           Piety
           ,
           to
           Fryars
           ;
           of
           Charity
           ,
           Magnificence
           and
           Zeal
           ,
           to
           Prelates
           :
           of
           Courage
           and
           Conduct
           to
           Commanders
           of
           Armies
           :
           of
           Royal
           Justice
           ,
           Prudence
           and
           Magnanimity
           to
           Princes
           :
           and
           shines
           a
           Constellation
           of
           publick
           and
           private
           ,
           Moral
           and
           Politick
           ,
           Civil
           and
           Theological
           Vertues
           ,
           that
           moved
           successively
           in
           the
           several
           Orbs
           of
           Religious
           ,
           Military
           and
           Politick
           Government
           :
           was
           a
           glorious
           Luminary
           in
           each
           ,
           and
           made
           it
           appear
           ,
           that
           neither
           Religion
           ,
           Military
           Discipline
           ,
           nor
           Civil
           Government
           ,
           but
           a
           transcendent
           Eminency
           in
           every
           of
           them
           ,
           was
           his
           proper
           Sphere
           .
        
         
           These
           are
           the
           Lineaments
           of
           that
           vertue
           ,
           the
           following
           Story
           presents
           in
           lively
           colours
           ;
           and
           renders
           as
           lovely
           ,
           as
           that
           in
           Plato's
           fancy
           ,
           whose
           Idea
           of
           vertue
           was
           
           more
           amiable
           than
           Venus
           .
           But
           Plato's
           Idea's
           were
           held
           Paradox
           in
           former
           dayes
           ,
           and
           Platonick
           Love
           is
           a
           Chimaera
           in
           ours
           .
           Sense
           is
           the
           Ascendant
           of
           the
           Age
           ,
           the
           sole
           in
           let
           of
           modern
           affection
           and
           Knowledge
           ;
           and
           Vertue
           so
           great
           a
           stranger
           ,
           that
           she
           will
           scarce
           be
           known
           by
           her
           Effigies
           :
           her
           Natural
           form
           will
           be
           a
           Disguise
           when
           she
           appears
           amongst
           them
           ,
           who
           adore
           the
           Pourtrait
           of
           a
           Mistris
           ,
           but
           scorn
           Idolatry
           to
           the
           image
           of
           Vertue
           ,
           and
           prefer
           the
           Pictures
           of
           Aretine
           ,
           before
           the
           Tables
           of
           Cebes
           .
           Yet
           to
           please
           the
           Reader
           ,
           whose
           wit
           lyes
           in
           his
           fingers
           ends
           ;
           who
           knows
           no
           pleasure
           ,
           but
           what
           is
           palpable
           ,
           and
           will
           rather
           deny
           the
           being
           ,
           than
           admit
           the
           Love
           of
           invisible
           things
           ;
           
             Cujus
             Migravit
             ab
             aure
             voluptas
             omnis
             ad
             incertes
             oculos
             &
             Gaudia
             vana
             .
          
           The
           Book
           invites
           him
           not
           to
           a
           dull
           Entertainment
           of
           dry
           precepts
           of
           Morality
           ;
           but
           a
           fine
           shew
           of
           the
           Vertue
           of
           Ximenes
           ,
           a
           new
           and
           strange
           sight
           come
           from
           Spain
           ,
           seen
           in
           France
           ,
           newly
           shifted
           into
           an
           English
           habit
           ,
           and
           more
           worthy
           admiration
           than
           Pusionelle
           and
           the
           Butterfly
           .
           A
           Proteus
           in
           the
           several
           shapes
           of
           Lawyer
           ,
           Fryar
           ,
           Archbishop
           ,
           Cardinal
           ,
           General
           ,
           Minister
           of
           State
           ,
           and
           Governour
           of
           Spain
           ;
           retaining
           a
           Divinity
           in
           all
           forms
           .
           If
           you
           slight
           it
           as
           vertue
           ,
           it
           may
           deserve
           your
           sight
           as
           a
           Monster
           :
           a
           
           strange
           form
           whereof
           ,
           you
           cannot
           discover
           the
           least
           resemblance
           in
           your self
           .
           And
           though
           vertue
           be
           a
           contemptible
           thing
           in
           your
           Judgement
           ,
           the
           dress
           and
           Pomp
           it
           appears
           in
           ,
           may
           satisfie
           your
           fancy
           :
           as
           you
           visit
           the
           Theatres
           for
           the
           Scenes
           ,
           not
           the
           Playes
           ;
           the
           Painters
           Pencill
           ,
           not
           the
           Pen
           of
           the
           Poets
           .
           But
           these
           are
           reflections
           on
           a
           French
           vanity
           and
           lightness
           of
           Spirit
           which
           the
           English
           Reader
           may
           think
           himself
           unconcerned
           in
           .
           For
           Ximenes
           appears
           among
           us
           ,
           in
           confidence
           the
           sole
           Greatness
           of
           his
           vertues
           ,
           will
           effectually
           recommend
           him
           to
           a
           kind
           entertainment
           ,
           from
           the
           Gravity
           of
           the
           English
           ;
           who
           though
           they
           have
           excluded
           Cardinals
           from
           their
           Countrey
           ,
           retain
           respect
           for
           Cardinal
           Vertues
           .
           The
           Book
           (
           like
           the
           pack
           of
           Ulysses
           ,
           made
           up
           of
           toyes
           for
           Women
           ,
           and
           Arms
           for
           a
           Heroe
           ,
           )
           though
           checquer'd
           with
           a
           pleasing
           variety
           of
           accidents
           to
           tickle
           the
           fancy
           of
           the
           lightest
           wits
           ,
           consists
           chiefly
           of
           Generous
           Examples
           of
           solid
           vertue
           ,
           to
           kindle
           emulation
           in
           the
           bravest
           Spirits
           :
           and
           doubts
           not
           of
           a
           Candid
           reception
           ,
           the
           Genius
           of
           the
           English
           (
           though
           the
           humour
           of
           the
           times
           may
           countenance
           the
           contrary
           assertion
           )
           being
           really
           more
           inclined
           to
           imitate
           the
           heroick
           actions
           and
           sound
           Discourses
           ,
           than
           the
           trifling
           vanities
           and
           fantastick
           Capricchio's
           
           of
           forreigners
           :
           as
           Achilles
           in
           Petty-coats
           ,
           was
           better
           at
           handling
           a
           sword
           ,
           than
           a
           Distaff
           ;
           and
           though
           drest
           like
           a
           Lady
           ,
           thought
           the
           Spear
           and
           the
           Target
           ,
           fitter
           for
           him
           ,
           than
           Ear-knots
           and
           Patches
           .
        
      
       
         
           ERRATA
           .
        
         
           Pag.
           14.
           l.
           10.
           
           Dele
           too
           :
           p.
           20.
           l.
           30.
           r.
           Master
           :
           p.
           34.
           l.
           30.
           r.
           nocturnal
           :
           p.
           35.
           l.
           5.
           r.
           San
           :
           p.
           42.
           l.
           ult
           .
           r.
           
             Cady
             ,
             or
          
           :
           p.
           54
           l.
           11.
           r.
           
             for
             Defraying
          
           :
           p.
           58.
           l.
           26
           ,
           27.
           r.
           
             formidable
             by
          
           :
           p.
           62.
           l.
           11.
           r.
           Calumniate
           :
           p.
           73.
           l.
           15.
           r.
           
             thanked
             them
          
           :
           p.
           74.
           l.
           21.
           r.
           Rights
           :
           p.
           80.
           l.
           31.
           r.
           Purple
           :
           p.
           93.
           l.
           30.
           r.
           to
           :
           p.
           95.
           l.
           7.
           r.
           Velasco
           :
           p.
           104.
           l.
           11.
           r.
           Stranger
           :
           p.
           106.
           l.
           4.
           r.
           Rid
           :
           p.
           114.
           l.
           26.
           r.
           Triumvirat
           :
           p.
           128.
           l.
           25.
           r.
           
             Di●●o
             his
          
           :
           p.
           132.
           l.
           8.
           r.
           Attaque
           :
           p.
           148.
           l.
           28.
           r.
           I
           'le
           .
           Besides
           mis-pointings
           and
           other
           less
           material
           Faults
           ,
           which
           the
           Reader
           may
           easily
           discover
           ,
           and
           is
           desired
           to
           Correct
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           THE
           Contents
           .
        
         
           
             
               CHAP.
               I.
            
             THE
             Birth
             and
             Education
             of
             Ximenes
             .
             His
             Journey
             to
             Rome
             .
             He
             is
             Robbed
             by
             the
             way
             .
             His
             return
             to
             Spain
             ,
             and
             Imprisonment
             by
             Order
             of
             the
             Archbishop
             of
             Toledo
             .
             His
             Enlargement
             and
             Retirement
             into
             the
             Diocess
             of
             Siguenza
             .
             He
             is
             made
             Vicar-General
             thereof
             ,
             and
             Administrator-General
             to
             the
             Earl
             of
             Cifuentes
             ,
             and
             takes
             on
             him
             the
             Order
             of
             St.
             Francis
             ,
          
           
             
               pag.
               1.
            
             
          
           
             
             
               CHAP.
               II.
               Ximenes
            
             interrupted
             in
             his
             Devotions
             by
             Crowds
             of
             Visitants
             ,
             retires
             into
             the
             Monastery
             of
             Castanet
             ;
             is
             made
             Warden
             of
             the
             Convent
             of
             Salceda
             ;
             and
             in
             1492.
             
             Confessor
             to
             Isabel
             Queen
             of
             Spain
             .
             He
             is
             chosen
             Provincial
             of
             his
             Order
             for
             three
             years
             ;
             leaves
             the
             Court
             ,
             and
             visits
             the
             Religious
             Houses
             under
             his
             Charge
             :
             His
             Design
             for
             passing
             into
             Africk
             ,
             to
             propagate
             the
             Faith
             there
             ,
             diverted
             by
             Rouys
             ,
             his
             Companion
             :
             He
             travels
             on
             foot
             ,
             and
             Beggs
             .
          
           
             
               pag.
               7.
            
             
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               III.
            
             Vpon
             the
             Death
             of
             Cardinal
             Mendoza
             ,
             King
             Ferdinand
             endeavours
             the
             promotion
             of
             his
             Natural
             Son
             ,
             the
             Archbishop
             of
             Saragosa
             ,
             to
             the
             Chair
             of
             Toledo
             :
             But
             Queen
             Isabel
             prefers
             Ximenes
             to
             the
             Dignity
             .
             He
             withdraws
             
             from
             Court
             ,
             to
             avoid
             the
             Investiture
             ;
             but
             upon
             the
             Popes
             Mandate
             Returns
             and
             Accepts
             it
             .
             His
             Declaration
             not
             to
             admit
             of
             any
             Pension
             to
             be
             charged
             on
             the
             Revenue
             of
             the
             Archbishoprick
             .
             He
             continues
             the
             plainness
             of
             a
             Religious
             life
             :
             Mends
             with
             his
             own
             hands
             the
             Frock
             of
             his
             Order
             ,
             with
             other
             Evidences
             of
             Humility
             :
             is
             complained
             of
             to
             the
             Pope
             ,
             who
             commands
             him
             to
             live
             more
             splendidly
             :
             Ximenes
             obeyes
             ;
             is
             envied
             by
             the
             Monks
             of
             his
             order
             :
             Their
             Generals
             extravagant
             address
             to
             the
             Queen
             .
             His
             Brother
             Bernardin
             endeavours
             to
             stifle
             him
             in
             his
             Bed
             ,
             and
             leaves
             him
             for
             dead
             .
             Ximenes
             recovers
             ,
             and
             perswades
             the
             King
             ,
             to
             ease
             his
             people
             of
             a
             heavy
             Tax
             called
             Alcabala
             ,
             and
             erects
             a
             Colledge
             at
             Arcala
             .
          
           
             
               pag.
               9.
            
             
          
           
             
             
               CHAP.
               IV.
            
             The
             Zeal
             of
             Ximenes
             for
             propagating
             the
             Faith.
             He
             Converts
             three
             thousand
             Moores
             in
             one
             day
             :
             The
             Manner
             of
             their
             Baptism
             .
             The
             new
             Converts
             present
             him
             with
             five
             thousand
             Volumes
             of
             the
             Alcoran
             ,
             and
             Glosses
             thereon
             ;
             he
             burns
             most
             of
             them
             .
             The
             Revolt
             of
             Granada
             charged
             on
             Ximenes
             by
             his
             Enemies
             :
             the
             miscarriage
             of
             the
             Courrier
             he
             imployed
             .
             The
             King
             expresses
             great
             Displeasure
             against
             Ximenes
             ;
             but
             he
             retrives
             all
             ,
             and
             obtains
             thanks
             from
             the
             King.
             
          
           
             
               pag.
               17
            
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               V.
               Ximenes
            
             falls
             sick
             ,
             and
             is
             Cured
             by
             a
             Morisco
             Woman
             .
             Bestows
             four
             thousand
             Crowns
             on
             seven
             Hebrew
             Copies
             of
             the
             Bible
             .
             His
             great
             Care
             and
             Charge
             ,
             for
             a
             Correct
             Impression
             of
             the
             Scriptures
             .
             He
             obtains
             great
             Immunities
             
             for
             his
             Colledge
             of
             Arcala
             ,
             and
             pardons
             a
             Malefactor
             led
             to
             execution
             :
             He
             builds
             another
             Colledge
             .
          
           
             
               pag.
               21
            
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               VI.
            
             The
             Death
             of
             Queen
             
               Isabel
               .
               Ximenes
            
             Executor
             of
             her
             last
             Will
             and
             Testament
             .
             The
             extraordinary
             Honors
             done
             him
             by
             the
             King.
             The
             Dexterity
             of
             his
             Conduct
             ,
             in
             preserving
             Castille
             under
             the
             obedience
             of
             his
             Master
             Ferdinand
             .
             The
             Arrivall
             of
             
               Philip
               ,
               Ferdinand's
            
             Son-in-Law
             ,
             in
             Spain
             .
             The
             Enterview
             of
             Ferdinand
             and
             Ximenes's
             Advice
             to
             Philip.
             He
             attends
             them
             in
             their
             Conference
             ;
             and
             shuts
             out
             Don
             Philip's
             Favorite
             .
             Ferdinand's
             Speech
             to
             Philip
             :
             His
             Commendation
             of
             Ximenes
             .
             His
             haughty
             Conduct
             ,
             in
             the
             Affairs
             of
             the
             Farm
             of
             the
             Revenews
             of
             the
             Silks
             of
             Philip's
             Death
             .
             Ximenes
             ,
             the
             Constable
             of
             Castille
             ,
             and
             Duke
             of
             Najar
             ,
             undertakes
             the
             Government
             in
             Ferdinand's
             absence
             .
             Vpon
             Ferdinand's
             Letter
             ,
             
             Ximenes
             resolves
             to
             Govern
             alone
             :
             Is
             Chosen
             sole
             Guardian
             of
             the
             State.
             The
             Distracted
             Vagaries
             of
             Queen
             Joan.
             The
             Troubles
             in
             Medina
             and
             Granada
             appeased
             by
             Ferdinand's
             Return
             .
             Ximenes
             made
             Cardinal
             ,
             and
             Inquisitor-General
             of
             Castile
             :
             The
             Honour
             done
             his
             Colledge
             of
             Arcala
             ,
             by
             Francis
             the
             first
             of
             France
             ;
             and
             Charles
             the
             Fifth
             ,
             Emperor
             of
             Germany
             ,
          
           
             
               pag.
               24
            
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               VI.
            
             The
             Cardinal's
             Design
             to
             invade
             Africk
             ,
             proposed
             to
             Ferdinand
             ,
             who
             excuses
             the
             enterprize
             for
             want
             of
             money
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             furnishes
             money
             .
             Mersalcaber
             is
             taken
             by
             Surrender
             .
             The
             punishment
             of
             a
             Spanish
             Souldier
             ,
             for
             breach
             of
             the
             Articles
             .
             
               Diego
               Ferdinando
            
             is
             made
             Governour
             of
             Mersalcaber
             ,
             and
             Deiasio
             his
             Lieutenant
             :
             his
             extraordinary
             value
             ,
          
           
             
               pag.
               37.
            
             
          
           
             
             
               CHAP.
               VII
               .
               Ximenes
            
             resolves
             to
             pass
             in
             person
             into
             Africk
             in
             the
             head
             of
             an
             Army
             :
             The
             raillery
             of
             the
             Court
             thereupon
             .
             The
             Earl
             
               D'
               Olivarez
            
             by
             advice
             of
             the
             Great
             Captain
             ,
             made
             Lieutenant
             General
             .
             The
             Officers
             of
             the
             Army
             retard
             and
             obstruct
             the
             Expedition
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             complains
             to
             the
             King
             ;
             and
             if
             the
             Army
             should
             disband
             ,
             desires
             leave
             to
             retire
             into
             his
             Diocess
             .
             The
             King
             gives
             new
             Orders
             ,
             for
             the
             Army
             to
             attend
             the
             Cardinal
             .
             They
             mutiny
             :
             the
             Cardinal
             employes
             Villaroel
             to
             advise
             Virnelli
             from
             his
             rigor
             against
             the
             Mutineers
             .
             Viaanell's
             proud
             Answer
             :
             Villaroel
             wounds
             him
             .
             The
             Campmaster
             Salazars
             device
             to
             appease
             the
             Mutineers
             .
             The
             Army
             lands
             :
             They
             engage
             the
             Moores
             and
             after
             a
             stout
             resistance
             ,
             prevail
             ▪
             Oran
             is
             taken
             :
             the
             Cardinal
             enters
             Oran
             in
             triumph
             ;
             Divides
             the
             spoil
             amongst
             the
             Officers
             and
             Souldiers
             :
             founds
             and
             endows
             an
             Hospital
             .
             
               De
               
               Veras
            
             neglect
             in
             carrying
             the
             King
             News
             .
             The
             Earl
             of
             Olivarez
             insolent
             carriage
             against
             the
             Cardinal
             ;
             his
             submission
             .
             The
             Cardinal's
             return
             into
             Spain
             ,
             and
             the
             occasion
             .
             Captain
             Arias's
             exemplary
             familiarity
             with
             death
             ,
          
           
             
               pag.
               44.
            
             
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               VIII
            
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             demands
             payment
             of
             the
             moneys
             he
             advanced
             for
             the
             War
             ;
             the
             Grandees
             and
             Officers
             strong
             opposition
             ,
             and
             Arguments
             against
             payment
             .
             The
             Cardinal's
             Defence
             .
             He
             prevails
             ▪
             
               Lewys
               William
            
             made
             Bishop
             of
             Oran
             by
             the
             Pope
             ,
             is
             opposed
             by
             the
             Cardinal
             ;
             who
             makes
             fair
             offers
             of
             Accommodation
             ;
             which
             are
             refused
             by
             William
             in
             hopes
             of
             Sentence
             against
             the
             Cardinal
             :
             his
             designs
             frustrated
             ,
             and
             he
             slighted
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             prefers
             his
             friend
             Rouys
             to
             the
             Bishoprick
             of
             Avilas
             .
             The
             Cardinal's
             advice
             to
             his
             friend
             before
             the
             promotion
             .
             He
             disposes
             of
             his
             Nephew
             in
             Marriage
             .
             His
             advice
             hereupon
             .
             His
             Niece
             is
             married
             to
             a
             Nephew
             of
             
             the
             Duke
             
               D'
               Infantado
            
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             breaks
             the
             Marriage
             .
             The
             reason
             .
             The
             Cardinal's
             respect
             to
             the
             Great
             Captain
             .
             Extraordinary
             Honor
             done
             the
             Cardinal
             by
             Ferdinand
             .
             The
             Cardidinal's
             Generous
             offer
             ,
             to
             assist
             Pope
             Julius
             the
             Second
             .
          
           
             
               pag.
               62.
            
             
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               IX
            
             .
             A
             Peace
             with
             Africk
             .
             New
             Honors
             done
             the
             Cardinal
             .
             A
             War
             with
             France
             .
             The
             Cardinal's
             Advice
             for
             the
             management
             .
             His
             Discovery
             of
             the
             secret
             League
             between
             France
             and
             Navarr
             .
             The
             Cardinal's
             Liberality
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             the
             King's
             health
             .
             He
             builds
             several
             publick
             Granaries
             ,
             and
             a
             Magnificent
             Church
             and
             Monastery
             .
             His
             famous
             Aqueduct
             ,
             which
             cost
             a
             Million
             of
             Gold.
             The
             Pope
             demands
             Contribution
             from
             Spain
             towards
             building
             of
             St.
             Peter's
             in
             Rome
             :
             The
             King
             consents
             ,
             but
             the
             Cardinal
             opposes
             and
             hinders
             it
             .
             King
             Ferdinand's
             sickness
             and
             frowardness
             .
             He
             alters
             his
             Testament
             made
             at
             Burgos
             ;
             and
             why
             :
             
             Rejects
             the
             proposal
             of
             Ximenes
             for
             Governour
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             after
             his
             decease
             :
             the
             reason
             .
             He
             declares
             Ximenes
             Governour
             ,
             and
             dyes
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             enters
             on
             the
             Government
             :
             his
             excellent
             Conduct
             .
          
           
             
               pag.
               72.
            
             
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               X.
            
             The
             Dean
             of
             Lovain
             by
             Patent
             from
             Charles
             King
             of
             Spain
             ,
             claims
             the
             Government
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             opposes
             him
             .
             Reduces
             
               Porto
               Carrero
            
             ,
             and
             his
             rebellious
             Forces
             in
             Portugal
             to
             obedience
             .
             Charles
             declares
             the
             Cardinal
             Governour
             :
             is
             opposed
             in
             the
             new
             Title
             he
             assumed
             of
             King
             of
             Spain
             ,
             till
             address
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             :
             who
             in
             spight
             of
             the
             Grandees
             Opposition
             ,
             caused
             Charles
             to
             be
             proclaimed
             King
             of
             Spain
             in
             Madrid
             and
             
               Toledo
               .
               Peter
               Giroim
            
             takes
             up
             Arms
             ,
             but
             defeated
             by
             the
             Cardinal
             .
             The
             Duke
             
               D'
               Infantadoes
            
             extravagant
             Speeches
             and
             Manifests
             against
             the
             Cardinal
             :
             his
             submission
             .
             The
             Cardinal's
             Forces
             .
             The
             Grandees
             stirr
             up
             the
             people
             to
             
             Rebellion
             .
             
               Valladolid
               ,
               Leon
               ,
               Burgos
            
             ,
             &c.
             revolt
             :
             Complaints
             to
             Charles
             against
             the
             Cardinal
             ;
             but
             frustrated
             by
             his
             prudence
             .
          
           
             
               pag.
               81.
            
             
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               XI
            
             .
             The
             Cardinal's
             settlement
             of
             the
             Maritine
             affairs
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             He
             relieves
             the
             Islanders
             against
             the
             tyranny
             of
             the
             Spaniards
             .
             His
             advice
             to
             Charles
             thereupon
             rejected
             ,
             but
             to
             the
             dammage
             of
             the
             Crown
             .
             He
             stops
             the
             French
             :
             and
             reduces
             Navarr
             to
             an
             entire
             obedience
             to
             
               Spain
               .
               Malaga
            
             in
             Arms
             ,
             but
             reduced
             by
             the
             Cardinal's
             Forces
             .
             Velasio
             High
             Treasurer
             of
             Spain
             seizes
             Arevale
             and
             fortifies
             it
             ;
             but
             upon
             the
             Cardinal's
             Summons
             ,
             opens
             the
             Gates
             ,
             and
             is
             pardoned
             ,
          
           
             
               pag.
               91
            
          
           
             
             
               CHAP.
               XII
            
             .
             The
             exemplary
             Justice
             of
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
             in
             punishing
             Corrupt
             Judges
             and
             their
             Officers
             .
             He
             regulates
             the
             Exchequer
             ,
             and
             Orders
             of
             Knighthood
             :
             reforms
             the
             Councel
             Royal
             ,
             and
             the
             retinue
             of
             the
             Court.
             His
             taking
             away
             the
             Pensions
             of
             
               Peter
               Martyr
            
             ,
             and
             
               Gonsales
               D'
               Oviedo
            
             ,
             censured
             .
             He
             annulls
             a
             Gift
             of
             three
             Millions
             ,
             made
             by
             Ferdinand
             to
             three
             Grandees
             .
             The
             King
             of
             Tunis
             expelled
             his
             Dominion
             ,
             is
             royally
             entertained
             by
             the
             Cardinal
             ,
          
           
             
               pag.
               97.
            
             
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               XIII
            
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             by
             Edict
             commands
             all
             the
             Genoese
             to
             depart
             Spain
             within
             15
             dayes
             :
             the
             reason
             of
             the
             Edict
             .
             Charles
             accepts
             of
             the
             Genoese
             submission
             by
             their
             Embassadors
             ,
             and
             revokes
             the
             Edict
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             refuses
             to
             publish
             
             the
             Revocation
             ,
             till
             further
             satisfied
             .
             His
             Advice
             to
             Charles
             in
             the
             affairs
             of
             Italy
             .
             The
             Jews
             offer
             Charles
             eight
             hundred
             thousand
             Crowns
             for
             Liberty
             to
             Judaize
             or
             turn
             Christians
             at
             their
             pleasure
             :
             the
             Councel
             of
             Flanders
             advises
             Charles
             to
             accept
             the
             offer
             :
             the
             Cardinal
             disswades
             him
             :
             His
             prudent
             Disposal
             of
             the
             Government
             of
             Provinces
             .
             He
             promotes
             Dean
             Adrian
             ,
             and
             others
             .
             His
             Constancy
             :
          
           
             
               pag.
               106.
            
             
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               XIV
            
             .
             The
             Grandees
             procure
             Laxaus
             to
             be
             sent
             Joint-Commissioner
             for
             the
             Government
             with
             the
             Cardinal
             and
             Dean
             Adrian
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             slights
             him
             .
             He
             tears
             the
             Patents
             signed
             by
             Adrian
             and
             Laxaus
             in
             the
             more
             Honourable
             place
             :
             and
             signs
             new
             Patents
             to
             the
             same
             effect
             alone
             ,
             and
             executes
             them
             .
             The
             Great
             Chancellor
             Savage
             sent
             into
             Spain
             :
             His
             Corrupt
             proceedings
             :
             The
             Cardinals
             Generous
             and
             Discreet
             Complaint
             against
             him
             .
             An
             Ordinance
             past
             
             at
             Rome
             ,
             to
             levy
             the
             Tenths
             of
             the
             Clergy
             of
             Spain
             :
             They
             are
             in
             discontent
             .
             The
             Cardinal
             defends
             and
             pacifies
             them
             .
          
           
             
               pag.
               114.
            
             
          
           
             
               CHAP.
               XV.
            
             The
             Duke
             Infantado's
             Contempt
             of
             Justice
             :
             The
             Cardinal
             threatens
             him
             :
             The
             Dukes
             extravagant
             Message
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             :
             He
             repents
             ,
             and
             is
             reconciled
             :
             the
             manner
             of
             it
             .
             The
             Cardinal's
             severity
             against
             
               Peter
               Gironne
            
             for
             not
             obeying
             the
             Decree
             of
             the
             Court
             of
             Valladolid
             :
             The
             Grandees
             procure
             a
             prohibition
             from
             Charles
             to
             stay
             the
             Cardinal's
             proceedings
             :
             The
             Cardinal
             and
             Councel
             inform
             Charles
             of
             the
             truth
             of
             the
             fact
             :
             have
             liberty
             to
             proceed
             .
             The
             Judgement
             of
             the
             Court
             is
             executed
             :
             Giron
             submits
             .
             The
             Duke
             
               D'
               Alva
            
             fortifies
             Casabrona
             against
             the
             Cardinal
             :
             the
             Cardinal
             besieges
             it
             :
             the
             resolution
             of
             the
             besieged
             :
             the
             Duke
             submits
             and
             surrenders
             :
             the
             Cardinal
             's
             great
             affection
             for
             the
             Monastery
             of
             Castanet
             :
             his
             inclination
             to
             Religious
             solitude
             .
             Charles
             
             embarkes
             for
             Spain
             :
             the
             Cardinal
             advances
             to
             meet
             him
             :
             is
             poisoned
             :
             Advises
             the
             remove
             of
             two
             principal
             Domestiques
             of
             Prince
             Ferdinands
             :
             his
             haughty
             Conduct
             in
             their
             remove
             ,
             though
             threatned
             by
             Ferdinand
             :
             his
             resolute
             Answer
             to
             Ferdinands
             Threats
             :
             and
             the
             Grandees
             demand
             of
             his
             Commission
             .
             His
             Advice
             to
             Charles
             upon
             his
             arrival
             in
             
               Spain
               .
               Charles
            
             by
             an
             Express
             thanks
             the
             Cardinal
             :
             the
             Councel
             of
             Spain
             advance
             to
             meet
             Charles
             without
             the
             Cardinal's
             Leave
             ,
             and
             were
             commanded
             to
             return
             :
             the
             Cardinal's
             Harbingers
             mark
             a
             Lodging
             for
             him
             :
             the
             Marshalls
             of
             the
             Kings
             Lodgings
             mark
             the
             same
             for
             the
             Queen
             :
             the
             Cardinal
             carries
             it
             :
             Charles
             his
             Letter
             of
             Dismission
             to
             the
             Cardinal
             :
             the
             Cardinal
             's
             pious
             Death
             :
             his
             Epitaph
             and
             Character
             .
          
           
             
               pag.
               122.
            
             
          
        
      
       
         
         
         
           TO
           HIS
           EMINENCE
           THE
           Cardinal
           Duke
           OF
           RICHLIEU
           .
        
         
           
             My
             Lord
             ,
          
        
         
           AMONG
           the
           gifts
           of
           Nature
           God
           hath
           not
           imparted
           to
           Man
           a
           more
           admirable
           ,
           than
           that
           of
           Reason
           ;
           which
           is
           that
           to
           the
           soul
           ,
           that
           the
           soul
           is
           to
           the
           body
           .
           And
           amongst
           those
           of
           Fortune
           ,
           he
           hath
           not
           given
           him
           a
           greater
           ,
           than
           the
           Crosses
           of
           life
           ;
           which
           render
           his
           vertues
           
           Eminent
           and
           Conspicuous
           ,
           in
           procuring
           him
           Palms
           of
           Victory
           ,
           and
           Crowns
           of
           immortal
           Glory
           .
           The
           Present
           I
           make
           your
           Eminence
           ,
           of
           the
           crosses
           and
           oppositions
           Cardinal
           Ximenes
           encountred
           and
           surmounted
           ,
           in
           the
           Government
           of
           a
           Kingdom
           ,
           I
           dare
           affirm
           ,
           the
           greatest
           and
           most
           considerable
           ,
           the
           Treasures
           of
           past
           Ages
           can
           afford
           .
           But
           I
           fear
           ,
           my
           Lord
           ,
           I
           may
           appear
           as
           ridiculous
           in
           offering
           it
           ,
           as
           he
           that
           carries
           water
           to
           the
           Sea.
           Since
           the
           Esteem
           and
           Repute
           you
           have
           this
           day
           ,
           of
           the
           prime
           Person
           of
           our
           Age
           ,
           is
           no
           less
           grounded
           upon
           your
           incomparable
           Constancy
           ,
           in
           ore
           coming
           all
           obstacles
           that
           oppose
           your
           vertue
           ;
           then
           your
           admirable
           Conduct
           in
           Affairs
           of
           State.
           The
           Painter
           certainly
           commits
           no
           Crime
           ,
           who
           figuring
           out
           the
           Battels
           of
           other
           men
           ,
           delineates
           the
           Combates
           of
           some
           Great
           Captain
           ,
           which
           were
           not
           designed
           the
           subject
           of
           his
           Pencill
           .
           And
           if
           my
           Pen
           innocently
           mention
           any
           Action
           ,
           that
           may
           correspond
           ,
           and
           run
           parallel
           with
           yours
           ;
           I
           conceive
           it
           merits
           neither
           blame
           ,
           nor
           contempt
           on
           that
           accompt
           .
           For
           ,
           my
           Lord
           ,
           what
           Minister
           of
           State
           is
           there
           ,
           who
           hath
           not
           resembled
           others
           in
           some
           Traverses
           of
           Fortune
           ,
           and
           cross
           
           occurrences
           in
           his
           Administration
           ,
           it
           being
           impossible
           to
           govern
           men
           ,
           without
           opposition
           from
           men
           ?
           The
           Platonick
           Philosophers
           held
           it
           an
           undoubted
           truth
           ,
           That
           the
           World
           is
           a
           Temple
           built
           by
           God
           ,
           who
           hath
           impressed
           his
           visible
           Image
           in
           the
           body
           of
           the
           Sun
           ,
           to
           act
           in
           his
           stead
           .
           What
           the
           Sun
           is
           in
           the
           Universe
           ,
           that
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           is
           in
           the
           Government
           under
           his
           care
           ;
           the
           great
           Representative
           of
           the
           Soveraign
           Authority
           .
           The
           Sun
           is
           the
           Eye
           of
           the
           World
           ;
           and
           the
           Minister
           of
           State
           ,
           in
           the
           Persian
           phrase
           ,
           the
           Eye
           of
           the
           King.
           Yet
           this
           glorious
           Luminary
           hath
           its
           Eclipses
           ,
           and
           aspiring
           mists
           and
           Clouds
           interposing
           between
           us
           and
           him
           ,
           to
           the
           obscuring
           of
           his
           Light.
           The
           Ancient
           Fiction
           of
           the
           Suns
           rising
           out
           of
           the
           Sea
           ,
           and
           setting
           there
           ,
           without
           diminution
           of
           his
           Lustre
           ;
           presents
           to
           us
           in
           him
           ,
           the
           lively
           Picture
           of
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           in
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           world
           ;
           and
           intimates
           those
           troublesome
           and
           disastrous
           occurrences
           ,
           that
           frequently
           infests
           the
           beginning
           and
           end
           of
           his
           Administration
           ;
           but
           cannot
           impair
           the
           Rayes
           of
           his
           Glory
           .
           Cardinal
           Ximenes
           who
           by
           his
           good
           Conduct
           ,
           rendred
           Spain
           happy
           ;
           had
           notwithstanding
           a
           
           whole
           Order
           of
           Religion
           to
           decry
           his
           Politick
           Actions
           .
           And
           besides
           them
           ,
           the
           Grandees
           ,
           the
           People
           ,
           Cities
           and
           intire
           Provinces
           ,
           banded
           against
           him
           ;
           and
           at
           last
           all
           that
           was
           powerful
           and
           considerable
           ,
           in
           the
           Court
           and
           Countrey
           he
           had
           so
           worthily
           served
           ,
           abandoned
           and
           forsook
           him
           .
           But
           he
           who
           had
           a
           breast
           prepared
           ,
           amidst
           the
           Courtly
           smiles
           of
           prosperous
           fortunes
           ,
           to
           resist
           the
           Storms
           and
           Tempests
           of
           Adversity
           ,
           hath
           left
           us
           a
           grand
           Example
           and
           famous
           Instance
           ,
           to
           confirm
           the
           truth
           of
           that
           Assertion
           ,
           which
           holds
           Constancy
           one
           of
           the
           principal
           qualities
           requisite
           in
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           ;
           that
           a
           stout
           Resistance
           against
           the
           ills
           that
           encounter
           him
           ,
           is
           the
           Buckler
           that
           secures
           his
           vertues
           ;
           And
           to
           turn
           his
           back
           to
           the
           Assaults
           of
           Fortune
           ,
           an
           Act
           misbecoming
           and
           altogether
           unworthy
           that
           Man
           ,
           who
           has
           the
           Conduct
           of
           others
           .
           Behold
           him
           〈◊〉
           (
           having
           surmounted
           all
           obstacles
           〈◊〉
           in
           his
           way
           ,
           to
           stop
           or
           disturb
           the
           ●●urse
           of
           his
           vertue
           )
           arrived
           in
           France
           ;
           where
           he
           may
           see
           practised
           the
           Rules
           of
           excellent
           Government
           ;
           and
           hopes
           to
           acquire
           a
           second
           Glory
           ,
           if
           ,
           my
           Lord
           ,
           you
           permit
           and
           allow
           his
           name
           to
           live
           with
           yours
           .
           The
           Age
           wherein
           he
           Governed
           
           Spain
           ,
           and
           that
           which
           your
           Actions
           have
           filled
           with
           wonder
           and
           astonishment
           ,
           immediately
           succeed
           one
           the
           other
           ;
           and
           may
           dispute
           with
           the
           Ages
           past
           and
           to
           come
           ,
           the
           honour
           and
           esteem
           ,
           of
           being
           the
           happiest
           of
           Ages
           ,
           as
           having
           produced
           two
           men
           ,
           who
           have
           been
           the
           Oracles
           of
           good
           Conduct
           ,
           and
           Politick
           administration
           .
        
         
           If
           you
           grant
           him
           this
           favour
           ,
           my
           Lord
           ,
           I
           hope
           for
           my
           part
           ,
           that
           in
           recompence
           of
           my
           Studies
           ,
           and
           in
           consideration
           of
           my
           Joint
           Travel
           with
           him
           ,
           in
           this
           Commentary
           of
           his
           Administration
           ,
           I
           may
           with
           your
           consent
           ,
           obtain
           and
           carry
           the
           Title
           I
           desire
           ,
           of
        
         
           
             My
             Lord
             ,
          
           
             
               Your
               most
               humble
               and
               most
               obedient
               Servant
               ,
            
             Baudier
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
         
           THE
           PREFACE
           .
        
         
           IT
           is
           a
           Custome
           received
           in
           all
           Ages
           ,
           and
           approved
           by
           the
           practice
           of
           the
           whole
           world
           ,
           to
           expose
           to
           publick
           view
           the
           Effigies
           and
           Statues
           of
           men
           who
           have
           surpassed
           others
           by
           the
           greatness
           of
           their
           Vertues
           ,
           lived
           the
           Glory
           of
           their
           times
           ,
           and
           rendered
           themselves
           Recommendable
           to
           the
           imitation
           of
           Posterity
           .
           To
           these
           figures
           of
           their
           Corporal
           Lineaments
           and
           Resemblances
           of
           the
           external
           forms
           of
           their
           persons
           ,
           some
           have
           added
           Tables
           and
           Memorials
           ,
           as
           Monuments
           of
           their
           Heroick
           and
           Magnamimous
           Actions
           in
           presiding
           o're
           Councills
           ,
           and
           publick
           Assemblies
           ,
           appeasing
           popular
           Seditions
           ,
           and
           restoring
           quiet
           and
           tranquility
           to
           a
           disordered
           City
           ,
           Countrey
           ,
           or
           State
           ,
           or
           the
           like
           .
           I
           have
           proposed
           to
           my
           imitation
           ,
           
           this
           latter
           way
           of
           representing
           illustrious
           Personages
           ,
           and
           here
           present
           to
           the
           publick
           ,
           the
           pourtraict
           of
           the
           greatest
           Minister
           of
           his
           time
           ,
           that
           Europe
           could
           then
           boast
           in
           all
           the
           States
           she
           contains
           :
           I
           have
           drawn
           him
           Active
           in
           War
           ,
           a
           Counsellor
           in
           Peace
           ;
           extending
           the
           borders
           of
           Spain
           beyond
           the
           Seas
           ;
           advertising
           his
           Master
           of
           the
           disorders
           of
           the
           Court
           ;
           and
           giving
           him
           his
           Counsells
           and
           sage
           Advice
           .
           I
           have
           described
           him
           appeasing
           the
           Tumults
           and
           factious
           disorders
           of
           Cities
           ,
           of
           Provinces
           ,
           of
           a
           whole
           Realm
           ;
           advancing
           Vertue
           ,
           rewarding
           Merit
           ,
           punishing
           Vice
           ,
           and
           establishing
           a
           general
           felicity
           in
           the
           whole
           body
           politick
           .
           The
           work
           is
           composed
           with
           that
           Candor
           ,
           that
           Liberty
           ,
           and
           Truth
           ,
           (
           which
           ought
           to
           Animate
           ,
           and
           are
           the
           principal
           Ornament
           of
           History
           )
           that
           the
           end
           and
           design
           of
           it
           ,
           will
           easily
           appear
           to
           have
           been
           not
           the
           pleasing
           of
           any
           particular
           person
           ,
           but
           the
           profit
           of
           the
           publick
           ,
           and
           the
           good
           of
           the
           Common-wealth
           .
           Which
           I
           have
           observed
           in
           that
           of
           the
           Administration
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           
             D'
             Amboyse
          
           ,
           already
           published
           ;
           and
           some
           others
           that
           may
           follow
           this
           ,
           wherein
           my
           only
           design
           is
           truth
           ,
           which
           alwayes
           tends
           to
           the
           publick
           good
           .
           But
           the
           Actions
           of
           this
           great
           Minister
           ,
           being
           far
           above
           those
           of
           other
           men
           ,
           who
           have
           managed
           
           the
           Affais
           of
           Monarchs
           ,
           I
           thought
           it
           my
           Duty
           to
           consider
           some
           of
           them
           apart
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           particular
           reflections
           thereon
           ,
           for
           the
           delight
           of
           those
           that
           shall
           take
           the
           pains
           to
           read
           them
           .
        
         
           The
           Crosses
           he
           met
           with
           in
           the
           Government
           of
           Spain
           ,
           were
           almost
           infinite
           ;
           and
           the
           power
           of
           the
           Enemies
           that
           attacqued
           him
           ,
           very
           remarkable
           ;
           but
           his
           constancy
           ,
           in
           the
           resistance
           admirable
           .
           As
           a
           couragious
           Pilot
           forsakes
           not
           the
           helm
           in
           tempestuous
           weather
           ,
           but
           perishes
           gloriously
           with
           his
           hand
           upon
           it
           :
           so
           hath
           he
           left
           us
           this
           instruction
           ,
           that
           a
           Minister
           should
           never
           endure
           disorders
           tending
           to
           the
           vilifying
           and
           contempt
           of
           the
           Supream
           Authority
           ,
           (
           which
           his
           represents
           )
           or
           to
           the
           oppression
           of
           Justice
           ;
           but
           choose
           rather
           to
           lye
           buried
           in
           the
           Ruines
           of
           the
           one
           and
           the
           other
           .
        
         
           His
           Actions
           in
           the
           Armies
           when
           seventy
           years
           old
           ,
           demonstrate
           that
           men
           who
           wear
           a
           Robe
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           those
           who
           wear
           a
           Sword
           ,
           have
           their
           Vigour
           and
           Activity
           to
           encounter
           Enemies
           ,
           perils
           and
           difficulties
           .
           And
           though
           their
           condition
           exempt
           them
           from
           corporall
           labours
           ,
           yet
           they
           remain
           subject
           to
           those
           of
           the
           mind
           ;
           whose
           cares
           are
           more
           weighty
           ,
           and
           pains
           more
           considerable
           and
           important
           .
           All
           that
           fight
           have
           their
           share
           in
           the
           Victory
           ,
           but
           the
           General
           who
           conquers
           by
           
           his
           good
           conduct
           and
           prudence
           ,
           merits
           all
           the
           glory
           .
           Therefore
           the
           Spartans
           for
           a
           Victory
           gain'd
           by
           force
           of
           Arms
           ,
           sacrificed
           only
           a
           Bird
           ;
           but
           a
           whole
           Oxe
           fell
           Victim
           for
           a
           Victory
           obtained
           by
           the
           prudence
           of
           their
           General
           .
        
         
           Cardinal
           Ximenes
           in
           attacquing
           Oran
           in
           the
           face
           of
           the
           Sun
           ,
           contrary
           to
           the
           design
           of
           his
           Captains
           ,
           who
           would
           have
           expected
           the
           advantage
           of
           the
           night
           ,
           to
           carry
           on
           the
           Assault
           ;
           seems
           to
           have
           revived
           the
           Generosity
           of
           Alexander
           ,
           who
           refused
           to
           set
           upon
           Darius
           by
           night
           ,
           as
           scorning
           to
           steal
           a
           Victory
           ;
           but
           desiring
           the
           Sun
           might
           testifie
           he
           owed
           it
           to
           his
           valour
           .
           Moreover
           his
           good
           Conduct
           in
           all
           the
           War
           of
           Africk
           ,
           where
           his
           Age
           and
           Quality
           forbad
           him
           the
           bearing
           of
           Arms
           ,
           justifies
           the
           opinion
           of
           the
           Great
           Roman
           Captain
           ,
           
           That
           Conquest
           by
           Counsel
           ,
           is
           not
           less
           honourable
           ,
           than
           that
           by
           the
           Sword.
           
        
         
           'T
           is
           a
           great
           instance
           of
           the
           excellency
           of
           his
           Conduct
           ,
           that
           he
           brought
           Learning
           and
           Military
           Valour
           ,
           to
           esteem
           and
           reputation
           in
           Spain
           ;
           that
           the
           State
           received
           thereby
           the
           means
           ,
           not
           only
           to
           defend
           ,
           but
           render
           it self
           illustrious
           .
           Nor
           was
           he
           ever
           subject
           to
           the
           reproach
           of
           extinguishing
           the
           sparks
           of
           Vertue
           in
           the
           breasts
           of
           youth
           ,
           by
           depriving
           Gallant
           Actions
           of
           their
           due
           Recompence
           
           of
           just
           Rewards
           ;
           but
           exercising
           with
           courage
           and
           integrity
           ,
           both
           commutative
           and
           distributive
           Justice
           ,
           dispensing
           Rewards
           to
           the
           good
           ,
           and
           inflicting
           punishment
           on
           the
           bad
           ;
           He
           raised
           his
           condition
           to
           that
           pitch
           of
           highest
           perfection
           ;
           which
           induced
           the
           Sage
           Politician
           to
           affirm
           ,
           
           that
           nothing
           in
           the
           World
           is
           so
           like
           God
           ,
           as
           a
           just
           man.
           
        
         
           The
           Government
           of
           Provinces
           ,
           and
           principal
           Charges
           of
           State
           ,
           were
           not
           given
           to
           those
           who
           were
           most
           in
           favour
           ,
           but
           to
           those
           who
           had
           most
           merit
           .
           'T
           is
           true
           ,
           he
           preferred
           Persons
           of
           Quality
           ,
           but
           such
           as
           were
           also
           men
           of
           Fortune
           and
           Estate
           ;
           least
           their
           necessities
           might
           incline
           them
           to
           peel
           and
           oppress
           the
           people
           :
           Nor
           had
           he
           less
           regard
           to
           their
           integrity
           .
           And
           in
           preferring
           Gentlemen
           of
           integrity
           and
           worth
           ,
           before
           other
           persons
           of
           equall
           vertues
           ;
           he
           seems
           to
           have
           imitated
           the
           order
           of
           the
           Heavens
           ,
           which
           are
           guided
           by
           intelligences
           ,
           whose
           Nature
           is
           more
           excellent
           and
           pure
           ,
           than
           those
           forms
           which
           derive
           their
           Grosser
           Essence
           from
           the
           Elements
           .
           And
           as
           by
           the
           Ordinances
           of
           Nature
           ,
           we
           do
           not
           only
           receive
           Light
           immediately
           from
           the
           Sun
           the
           fountain
           of
           it
           ,
           but
           from
           the
           lesser
           Stars
           ,
           whose
           bodies
           nature
           hath
           disposed
           and
           adapted
           to
           a
           Capacity
           of
           receiving
           Light
           from
           the
           Sun
           ,
           and
           reverberating
           
           the
           same
           to
           us
           by
           Reflection
           :
           So
           the
           Governours
           of
           Provinces
           ,
           and
           places
           of
           importance
           should
           keep
           up
           and
           maintain
           the
           Splendor
           of
           Majesty
           in
           the
           absence
           of
           their
           Prince
           ;
           as
           the
           Starrs
           by
           night
           (
           which
           is
           the
           absence
           of
           the
           Sun
           )
           shew
           us
           part
           of
           the
           brightness
           of
           that
           glorious
           Luminary
           .
           And
           ,
           besides
           that
           the
           people
           honour
           and
           reverence
           men
           of
           eminent
           quality
           ,
           and
           are
           more
           propense
           and
           ready
           to
           yield
           them
           obedience
           ,
           than
           to
           men
           raised
           from
           a
           Mean
           Condition
           ;
           Gentlemen
           together
           with
           their
           blood
           ,
           derive
           from
           their
           Parents
           the
           seeds
           of
           Generosity
           ;
           and
           have
           commonly
           the
           advantage
           of
           better
           Education
           ,
           and
           the
           memory
           of
           the
           Illustrious
           Acts
           of
           their
           Ancestors
           ,
           is
           ordinarily
           a
           spurr
           to
           vertue
           ,
           a
           strong
           motive
           and
           powerful
           incitement
           to
           good
           Actions
           .
           But
           Cardinal
           Ximenes
           ,
           though
           where
           he
           found
           equall
           vertue
           in
           two
           persons
           of
           unequall
           birth
           ,
           he
           did
           ,
           (
           as
           Reason
           would
           )
           prefer
           the
           Noble
           ;
           yet
           was
           he
           far
           from
           abandoning
           or
           slighting
           vertue
           ,
           from
           which
           Nobility
           is
           derived
           ,
           and
           by
           which
           it
           is
           maintained
           .
        
         
           The
           Gifts
           and
           Largesses
           he
           bestowed
           out
           of
           his
           proper
           stock
           on
           particular
           persons
           and
           the
           publick
           ,
           are
           worthy
           remarque
           :
           His
           advancement
           of
           an
           infinite
           number
           of
           persons
           of
           integrity
           and
           merit
           to
           the
           Offices
           of
           Magistrature
           ,
           the
           Dignities
           of
           the
           
           Chureh
           ,
           and
           Charges
           of
           War
           ,
           preserve
           to
           this
           day
           in
           Spain
           ,
           the
           memory
           of
           the
           Grandeur
           of
           his
           Spirit
           ,
           and
           will
           remain
           an
           everlasting
           monument
           of
           Glory
           and
           Benediction
           to
           his
           name
           .
           The
           Hospitals
           built
           at
           his
           Charge
           in
           Spain
           ,
           and
           endowed
           by
           him
           with
           Revenues
           ;
           the
           Religious
           Houses
           remaining
           there
           for
           durable
           works
           of
           his
           piety
           and
           bounty
           ;
           the
           publick
           Granaries
           stored
           with
           Corn
           for
           relif
           of
           the
           poor
           ,
           filled
           out
           of
           the
           Rents
           setled
           by
           him
           to
           that
           purpose
           ;
           the
           Seminaries
           and
           publick
           Nurseries
           of
           vertue
           for
           the
           Common-wealth
           ,
           where
           he
           provided
           for
           the
           education
           of
           youth
           of
           both
           Sexes
           ,
           left
           destitute
           of
           necessaries
           in
           that
           behalf
           declare
           and
           will
           record
           to
           perpetuity
           ,
           that
           the
           Grandeur
           of
           Ximenes
           consisted
           not
           so
           much
           in
           his
           Eminent
           and
           Great
           Employments
           ,
           as
           in
           his
           transcendent
           Liberality
           and
           extraordinary
           bounty
           .
        
         
           The
           Temples
           of
           the
           Graces
           in
           the
           Cities
           of
           the
           Levant
           ,
           were
           by
           the
           Ancients
           built
           in
           publick
           places
           ,
           as
           in
           their
           Markets
           ,
           or
           near
           their
           Cirques
           and
           Amphitheaters
           ,
           to
           signifie
           that
           the
           Benefits
           and
           good
           Actions
           of
           great
           men
           ,
           ought
           to
           be
           not
           only
           open
           to
           private
           persons
           ,
           but
           communicated
           to
           the
           publick
           .
           A
           Minister
           of
           State
           is
           a
           publick
           person
           constituted
           in
           the
           most
           eminent
           Dignity
           of
           a
           Kingdom
           ,
           next
           the
           Royal
           :
           And
           if
           it
           be
           
           true
           ,
           that
           a
           good
           King
           is
           the
           Father
           of
           his
           people
           ;
           the
           Minister
           of
           State
           who
           is
           his
           Assistant
           ,
           ought
           to
           be
           a
           faithful
           Steward
           to
           dispence
           his
           favours
           ,
           and
           afford
           ready
           helps
           to
           the
           wants
           and
           necessities
           of
           the
           publick
           .
           When
           Cinon
           the
           Athenian
           was
           grown
           Rich
           ,
           he
           caused
           the
           fences
           and
           inclosures
           of
           his
           Gardens
           to
           be
           laid
           open
           ,
           that
           the
           poor
           might
           have
           free
           ingress
           to
           gather
           the
           fruits
           ;
           he
           kept
           an
           open
           house
           and
           table
           for
           all
           that
           were
           in
           want
           ;
           and
           sent
           his
           servants
           loaded
           with
           Garments
           through
           the
           Streets
           of
           Athens
           ,
           to
           be
           distributed
           amongst
           them
           that
           were
           in
           want
           ;
           holding
           himself
           unworthy
           to
           possess
           a
           great
           Estate
           ,
           without
           imparting
           of
           it
           to
           others
           .
           In
           like
           manner
           ,
           had
           Cardinal
           Ximenes
           ,
           when
           seised
           of
           that
           great
           Benefice
           ,
           (
           whereby
           was
           vested
           in
           him
           the
           largest
           Revenue
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           )
           filled
           his
           Coffers
           with
           Treasure
           ,
           and
           locked
           up
           there
           the
           Gold
           destined
           for
           other
           uses
           ,
           he
           had
           condemned
           himself
           as
           guilty
           of
           embezling
           and
           converting
           to
           his
           private
           benefit
           ,
           what
           ought
           to
           have
           been
           laid
           out
           in
           the
           Redemption
           of
           Slaves
           ,
           enlargement
           of
           Prisoners
           ,
           Cures
           of
           the
           sick
           ,
           comfort
           of
           the
           afflicted
           ,
           and
           sustenance
           of
           the
           poor
           .
           But
           he
           made
           liberal
           destribution
           thereof
           suitable
           to
           the
           necessities
           of
           the
           several
           objects
           of
           his
           Bounty
           .
           Certainly
           
           some
           good
           Kings
           are
           publick
           Springs
           ,
           whence
           the
           people
           have
           right
           to
           draw
           ;
           that
           is
           ,
           to
           have
           recourse
           to
           their
           Beneficence
           ;
           and
           good
           Ministers
           of
           State
           ought
           to
           be
           the
           pipes
           to
           those
           Royall
           Fountain
           ,
           to
           convey
           to
           the
           people
           the
           water
           of
           Relief
           .
        
         
           The
           greatness
           of
           his
           vertues
           ,
           could
           not
           so
           exempt
           Ximines
           from
           Envy
           ,
           but
           that
           in
           his
           life
           time
           it
           attacqued
           both
           his
           Name
           and
           his
           Conduct
           ,
           though
           his
           death
           put
           a
           period
           to
           detraction
           ,
           and
           procured
           Reverence
           to
           his
           name
           ,
           honour
           to
           his
           memory
           ,
           and
           Elogies
           for
           his
           Government
           .
           And
           't
           is
           observable
           ,
           men
           never
           behold
           the
           Sun
           so
           earnestly
           ,
           as
           when
           he
           is
           Ecclipsed
           .
           Innocence
           ,
           of
           all
           places
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           makes
           least
           Residence
           at
           Court
           ,
           where
           Ambition
           alwayes
           wars
           against
           eminent
           vertues
           .
           This
           concludes
           it
           necessary
           for
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           ,
           to
           fortifie
           himself
           with
           Constancy
           and
           Resolution
           ,
           to
           resist
           their
           malignity
           ,
           who
           would
           call
           him
           to
           account
           ;
           and
           charge
           him
           as
           answerable
           for
           all
           the
           sinister
           Accidents
           that
           fall
           out
           :
           as
           if
           the
           Events
           of
           Affairs
           ,
           depended
           only
           on
           him
           .
           Cardinal
           Ximenes
           had
           this
           vertue
           in
           the
           superlative
           ;
           alwayes
           like
           himself
           ,
           alwayes
           aquanimous
           ,
           alwayes
           firm
           ,
           stout
           and
           resolute
           ,
           in
           the
           beginning
           ,
           progress
           and
           end
           of
           his
           administration
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           have
           said
           of
           himself
           ,
           what
           the
           Roman
           Camillus
           once
           
           of
           himself
           in
           another
           sense
           ;
           That
           neither
           the
           Dictatorship
           had
           elevated
           ,
           nor
           Exile
           abated
           the
           height
           of
           his
           Spirit
           .
           That
           neither
           the
           Archbishoprick
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           the
           Primacy
           of
           Spain
           ,
           the
           Cardinals
           Cap
           ,
           nor
           the
           Authority
           of
           Governour
           of
           a
           Kingdom
           ,
           had
           given
           him
           courage
           ,
           nor
           the
           crosses
           and
           misfortunes
           of
           Court
           taken
           it
           from
           him
           .
        
         
           These
           great
           and
           heroick
           vertues
           have
           rendered
           him
           the
           compleat
           original
           and
           Architype
           of
           a
           perfect
           Minister
           of
           State
           :
           which
           I
           propose
           to
           thir
           view
           ,
           who
           Govern
           the
           world
           under
           the
           Authority
           of
           Soveraign
           Princes
           ;
           that
           they
           may
           imitate
           his
           Zeal
           for
           the
           publick
           good
           ,
           his
           fidelity
           to
           his
           Prince
           ,
           his
           affection
           to
           persons
           of
           worth
           and
           wel-deserving
           ,
           his
           strong
           inclinations
           and
           vigorous
           actions
           for
           the
           good
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           and
           increasing
           the
           Glory
           and
           Grandeur
           of
           the
           State
           ;
           being
           the
           ends
           and
           principal
           marks
           aimed
           at
           in
           all
           Governments
           ,
           managed
           with
           wisdom
           ,
           and
           crowned
           with
           Success
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           THE
           HISTORY
           OF
           THE
           ADMINISTRATION
           OF
           Cardinal
           Ximenes
           ,
           Prime
           Minister
           of
           STATE
           IN
           SPAIN
           .
        
         
           KINGS
           ,
           who
           are
           Masters
           of
           the
           Goods
           of
           this
           world
           ,
           advantage
           men
           in
           their
           fortunes
           ,
           and
           improvement
           of
           their
           estates
           ;
           but
           't
           is
           the
           Sun
           ,
           that
           King
           of
           Starrs
           ,
           and
           first
           of
           all
           second
           Causes
           ,
           that
           enriches
           them
           with
           the
           Gifts
           of
           Nature
           ;
           so
           that
           those
           Regions
           which
           are
           blest
           with
           the
           more
           favourable
           aspect
           of
           this
           Eye
           of
           Heaven
           ,
           produce
           
           things
           of
           greater
           excellency
           than
           other
           Countreyes
           ,
           and
           give
           birth
           to
           men
           of
           more
           eminent
           parts
           ,
           and
           endowed
           with
           the
           rarest
           qualities
           in
           Natures
           gift
           .
           Spain
           ,
           by
           the
           happy
           advantage
           of
           her
           scituation
           ,
           lyes
           so
           full
           and
           open
           in
           the
           Eye
           of
           that
           great
           Luminary
           ,
           that
           ,
           as
           enamoured
           of
           her
           beauty
           ,
           he
           vouchsafes
           her
           the
           light
           of
           his
           countenance
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           large
           measure
           of
           his
           irradiation
           ,
           afforded
           her
           ,
           contributes
           to
           her
           production
           of
           eminent
           persons
           .
           In
           her
           was
           born
           Francis
           ,
           Cardinal
           Ximenes
           ,
           of
           the
           Noble
           Family
           of
           the
           Cisneres
           ,
           who
           deduce
           their
           original
           from
           the
           Suburbs
           of
           Villaizar
           ,
           in
           the
           Diocess
           of
           Toledo
           .
           His
           Father
           was
           Alphonso
           ,
           Receiver
           of
           the
           Tenths
           of
           the
           Clergy
           granted
           by
           the
           Pope
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           ;
           who
           ,
           taken
           with
           the
           beauty
           of
           a
           young
           Maid
           of
           an
           honest
           family
           and
           the
           same
           place
           ,
           married
           her
           ,
           and
           had
           by
           her
           several
           Children
           ,
           whereof
           Ximenes
           was
           the
           eldest
           .
           At
           the
           Font
           he
           received
           ,
           with
           the
           Graces
           of
           Heaven
           ,
           the
           name
           of
           his
           Father
           Alphonso
           ,
           which
           he
           after
           changed
           ,
           in
           the
           Cloister
           ,
           into
           that
           of
           Francis.
           In
           his
           Infancy
           ,
           he
           had
           his
           Education
           in
           the
           Town
           of
           
             Areula
             D'
             Henares
          
           ,
           where
           he
           learnt
           the
           principles
           of
           the
           Latine
           Tongue
           ,
           and
           of
           good
           manners
           :
           from
           thence
           he
           was
           removed
           to
           Salamanca
           ,
           to
           study
           those
           Laws
           which
           regulate
           the
           Estates
           and
           possessions
           of
           men
           :
           where
           ,
           by
           the
           advantage
           of
           his
           pregnant
           Wit
           ,
           he
           became
           so
           great
           a
           Proficient
           ,
           that
           in
           a
           short
           time
           he
           was
           capable
           to
           instruct
           others
           .
        
         
           His
           Family
           was
           reduced
           to
           so
           low
           an
           Ebb
           of
           Fortune
           ,
           that
           his
           Father
           was
           put
           to
           his
           shifts
           to
           furnish
           him
           with
           necessaries
           requisite
           for
           his
           study
           ;
           
           and
           could
           not
           well
           spare
           him
           sufficient
           to
           bear
           his
           charges
           .
           This
           obliged
           Ximenes
           to
           bestir
           himself
           ,
           as
           having
           no
           means
           of
           livelihood
           ,
           but
           what
           he
           could
           get
           by
           his
           wit
           and
           industry
           :
           therefore
           he
           read
           the
           Laws
           in
           his
           Chamber
           to
           several
           Students
           ,
           who
           contributed
           to
           defray
           his
           Charges
           .
           But
           his
           Genius
           aspired
           higher
           ;
           and
           the
           honest
           gains
           he
           made
           in
           his
           Chamber
           ,
           he
           employed
           in
           the
           study
           of
           Divinity
           .
           And
           having
           finished
           the
           course
           of
           that
           Study
           ,
           returned
           to
           his
           Countrey
           ,
           where
           his
           Father
           practised
           as
           an
           Attorney
           in
           the
           Court
           of
           Justice
           of
           that
           place
           .
           Some
           Moneths
           he
           spent
           at
           home
           ,
           but
           finding
           no
           imployment
           there
           ,
           worthy
           his
           Abilities
           ,
           he
           obtained
           his
           Fathers
           leave
           ,
           to
           go
           to
           Rome
           to
           seek
           a
           better
           fortune
           ;
           But
           was
           unfortunately
           robbed
           by
           the
           way
           ,
           and
           reduced
           to
           extream
           necessity
           .
           This
           disaster
           occasioned
           his
           stay
           at
           Aix
           in
           Provence
           ,
           till
           Brunet
           ,
           a
           young
           Gentleman
           of
           Spain
           bound
           for
           Rome
           ,
           (
           who
           had
           been
           his
           School-fellow
           at
           Salamanca
           )
           passing
           that
           way
           ,
           happily
           relieved
           him
           by
           taking
           him
           into
           his
           company
           ,
           and
           bearing
           his
           Charges
           to
           Rome
           .
           Being
           arrived
           at
           Rome
           ,
           he
           became
           Advocate
           for
           such
           of
           his
           Countrey
           ,
           as
           had
           Suits
           depending
           in
           the
           Ecclesiastical
           Jurisdiction
           ;
           till
           the
           news
           of
           his
           Fathers
           death
           ;
           and
           his
           good
           nature
           carried
           him
           back
           into
           Spain
           ,
           to
           succour
           his
           Mother
           now
           a
           Widow
           ,
           and
           afford
           his
           helping
           hand
           to
           the
           Orphan
           state
           of
           his
           younger
           Brothers
           .
           But
           before
           his
           departure
           from
           Rome
           ,
           he
           obtained
           from
           the
           Pope
           (
           those
           they
           call
           )
           Spectative
           Bulls
           ;
           whereby
           he
           was
           provided
           of
           the
           first
           Prebend
           should
           be
           void
           in
           his
           Native
           Countrey
           ;
           which
           happened
           to
           be
           that
           of
           the
           
           Archpriest
           of
           the
           Borough
           of
           Vceda
           .
           The
           Revenue
           of
           it
           was
           mean
           ,
           but
           the
           conveniency
           of
           having
           it
           at
           his
           door
           ,
           invited
           him
           to
           take
           possession
           .
           The
           granting
           of
           such
           Bulls
           ,
           gives
           great
           offence
           to
           the
           Bishops
           of
           Spain
           ,
           as
           retrenching
           their
           power
           in
           collating
           Benefices
           .
           
             Alphonso
             Carilla
          
           ,
           Archbishop
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           bestowed
           the
           same
           Prebend
           on
           his
           Almoner
           .
           Ximenes
           opposes
           it
           ;
           the
           Archbishop
           resents
           the
           resistance
           ,
           as
           a
           high
           contempt
           ,
           and
           presumptuous
           obstruction
           of
           his
           Authority
           ;
           resolves
           to
           suppress
           it
           by
           force
           ,
           and
           claps
           up
           Ximenes
           in
           the
           Tower
           of
           Vceda
           ,
           where
           he
           kept
           him
           close
           Prisoner
           under
           hard
           and
           rigorous
           usage
           ,
           in
           a
           place
           which
           Ximenes
           after
           his
           promotion
           to
           the
           Archbishoprick
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           made
           the
           Repository
           of
           his
           Riches
           ;
           teaching
           us
           ,
           that
           great
           Souls
           make
           the
           Disgraces
           of
           the
           world
           a
           Treasury
           of
           Vertue
           .
           The
           miserable
           entertainment
           and
           rude
           usage
           of
           this
           place
           afflicted
           his
           Spirit
           to
           so
           extream
           a
           degree
           ,
           that
           it
           clearly
           appeared
           ;
           There
           is
           nothing
           in
           the
           world
           more
           insupportable
           ,
           than
           trouble
           and
           slavery
           to
           men
           of
           Letters
           ,
           whose
           Genius
           requires
           Liberty
           and
           Repose
           .
           The
           loss
           of
           both
           drew
           sighs
           and
           groans
           from
           the
           heart
           ,
           and
           loud
           complaints
           from
           the
           tongue
           of
           Ximenes
           ,
           which
           an
           old
           Priest
           his
           fellow
           prisoner
           ,
           and
           companion
           in
           misery
           ,
           endeavouring
           to
           allay
           ,
           bespake
           him
           thus
           :
           A
           wise
           man
           ,
           Ximenes
           ,
           is
           alwayes
           free
           ;
           and
           vertue
           which
           believes
           no
           other
           slavery
           but
           that
           of
           vice
           ,
           loses
           not
           her
           Liberty
           in
           Chains
           and
           Irons
           .
           Cease
           then
           to
           complain
           ,
           and
           put
           an
           end
           to
           your
           Lamentations
           ;
           endure
           with
           patience
           the
           lot
           befallen
           you
           :
           Suffering
           is
           often
           the
           way
           to
           preferment
           .
           In
           the
           
           very
           place
           you
           are
           in
           ,
           was
           heretofore
           locked
           up
           
             John
             Zerervella
          
           ,
           Brother
           to
           that
           Great
           Constable
           of
           
             Castile
             Alvarez
             de
             Luna
          
           ,
           with
           no
           other
           advantage
           than
           that
           of
           closer
           imprisonment
           and
           heavier
           irons
           than
           yours
           ;
           yet
           he
           was
           afterwards
           Archbishop
           of
           Toledo
           .
           Great
           miseries
           usher
           in
           those
           persons
           into
           great
           prosperities
           ,
           who
           by
           patience
           triumph
           over
           their
           calamities
           .
           Zerervella
           in
           the
           course
           of
           his
           felicities
           ,
           drew
           the
           comfort
           of
           his
           life
           from
           the
           memory
           of
           his
           imprisonment
           .
           The
           innocence
           of
           your
           visage
           and
           majesty
           of
           your
           countenance
           ,
           are
           ,
           in
           my
           judgement
           ,
           presages
           of
           the
           like
           fortune
           to
           you
           .
        
         
           He
           was
           removed
           from
           the
           Tower
           to
           St.
           Jorquats
           ,
           a
           Prison
           for
           Priests
           lying
           under
           Accusations
           of
           crime
           .
           His
           innocence
           was
           so
           apparent
           and
           conspicuous
           ,
           that
           his
           deteinure
           there
           ,
           was
           so
           long
           only
           ,
           as
           might
           serve
           for
           the
           execise
           of
           his
           vertue
           .
           The
           Countess
           of
           Bondiano
           ,
           Sister
           to
           the
           Archbishop
           ,
           obtained
           his
           liberty
           .
           Ximenes
           ,
           fearing
           a
           second
           loss
           of
           it
           ,
           resolves
           to
           enjoy
           it
           at
           distance
           from
           the
           violences
           of
           a
           Prelate
           ,
           who
           so
           ill
           understood
           the
           vertues
           and
           merits
           of
           men
           .
           And
           therefore
           quitting
           the
           Diocess
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           he
           retires
           into
           that
           of
           Siguenza
           ,
           where
           he
           changed
           his
           Prebend
           for
           a
           Chappelleny
           with
           a
           small
           pension
           .
        
         
           Here
           that
           noble
           Affection
           of
           the
           best
           Spirits
           and
           most
           excellent
           temper
           ,
           the
           love
           of
           Learning
           ,
           made
           him
           withdraw
           from
           the
           conversation
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           to
           follow
           his
           Studies
           ;
           where
           he
           learnt
           the
           Hebrew
           and
           Chaldee
           Languages
           .
           But
           though
           his
           life
           was
           retired
           ,
           his
           reputation
           increased
           .
           The
           rayes
           of
           vertue
           discover
           the
           owner
           at
           distance
           ,
           
           though
           he
           seem
           to
           lye
           hid
           in
           obscurity
           .
           
             Peter
             Gonsalve
          
           ,
           Cardinal
           Mendoza
           ,
           Bishop
           of
           Siguenza
           named
           Ximenes
           his
           Vicar
           General
           ,
           and
           in
           a
           manner
           forced
           him
           to
           take
           the
           Office
           ,
           and
           with
           it
           ,
           the
           care
           of
           his
           Diocess
           :
           the
           same
           time
           
             Alphonso
             De
             Sylva
          
           Earl
           of
           Cifuentes
           ,
           taken
           prisoner
           by
           the
           Moors
           in
           the
           Wars
           of
           Granada
           ,
           was
           induced
           ,
           by
           the
           repute
           of
           his
           honesty
           and
           abilities
           ,
           to
           constitute
           Ximenes
           Administrator
           General
           of
           all
           his
           Demeans
           ,
           during
           his
           imprisonment
           .
           Thus
           Fortune
           began
           to
           follow
           him
           ,
           when
           he
           fled
           from
           her
           ,
           and
           sought
           an
           employment
           more
           agreeable
           to
           the
           tranquillity
           of
           his
           spirit
           ,
           than
           was
           to
           be
           found
           in
           the
           troubles
           of
           secular
           affairs
           .
           He
           held
           the
           world
           a
           Sea
           ,
           where
           some
           are
           wrecked
           ,
           but
           all
           without
           exception
           are
           tossed
           with
           winds
           ,
           and
           subject
           to
           the
           agitation
           of
           the
           waves
           :
           the
           object
           of
           his
           desires
           and
           end
           of
           his
           designs
           ,
           being
           a
           Port
           to
           secure
           him
           from
           the
           one
           and
           the
           other
           ;
           he
           made
           choice
           of
           a
           Cloister
           ,
           as
           most
           suitable
           to
           his
           purpose
           ;
           and
           took
           on
           him
           the
           Order
           of
           St.
           Francis
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           the
           enjoyment
           of
           God
           and
           himself
           in
           prayer
           and
           contemplation
           .
        
         
           Here
           he
           changed
           the
           name
           of
           Alphonso
           into
           that
           of
           Francis
           ,
           and
           resigned
           his
           Benefices
           to
           Bernardin
           his
           youngest
           Brother
           ;
           lest
           necessity
           that
           obstructs
           the
           vertues
           of
           the
           bravest
           spirits
           ,
           and
           often
           proves
           an
           ill
           Counsellor
           to
           them
           ,
           should
           engage
           him
           in
           ill
           courses
           for
           gaining
           a
           livelihood
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CAP.
           II.
           
        
         
           WHen
           Ximenes
           had
           thus
           quitted
           the
           World
           for
           a
           Cloister
           ,
           the
           world
           went
           in
           search
           of
           him
           into
           the
           Cloister
           ;
           the
           gravity
           of
           his
           manners
           ,
           and
           holiness
           of
           his
           life
           ,
           invited
           those
           of
           best
           quality
           in
           Toledo
           to
           visit
           him
           ,
           for
           receiving
           his
           directions
           for
           guidance
           of
           their
           souls
           in
           the
           way
           to
           Heaven
           .
           Even
           the
           Ladies
           resorted
           to
           him
           for
           instructions
           to
           order
           their
           devotion
           ;
           some
           with
           Resolution
           to
           practise
           them
           ,
           others
           to
           satisfie
           their
           Curiosity
           ,
           in
           seeing
           a
           man
           to
           famed
           for
           sanctity
           .
           The
           crowds
           of
           people
           that
           flocked
           daily
           to
           him
           ,
           interrupting
           him
           in
           the
           performance
           of
           his
           Religious
           Exercises
           ,
           and
           wearying
           him
           by
           importunity
           ,
           obliged
           him
           to
           quit
           Toledo
           ,
           and
           seck
           out
           a
           more
           retired
           solitude
           in
           the
           Monastery
           of
           Castanet
           ;
           so
           called
           ,
           from
           a
           Grove
           of
           Chestnut-trees
           which
           in
           a
           large
           circumference
           encompassed
           it
           round
           ,
           the
           Monastery
           being
           the
           Center
           .
           A
           year
           was
           scarce
           elapsed
           ,
           but
           he
           was
           drawn
           out
           thence
           ,
           to
           take
           on
           him
           the
           charge
           of
           Warden
           of
           the
           Covent
           of
           Salceda
           ,
           where
           he
           kept
           the
           Fryars
           within
           the
           Rules
           of
           their
           Order
           ,
           more
           by
           the
           example
           of
           his
           good
           life
           ,
           than
           the
           commands
           of
           a
           Superiour
           .
           But
           't
           is
           the
           Priviledge
           of
           Courts
           to
           enter
           into
           Cloisters
           ,
           and
           take
           thence
           such
           men
           ,
           whom
           Fortune
           hath
           designed
           to
           partake
           of
           their
           Grandieurs
           .
           Isabel
           Queen
           of
           Spain
           calles
           him
           to
           Court
           in
           the
           year
           1492.
           and
           by
           the
           advice
           of
           Cardinal
           Mendoza
           ,
           Archbishop
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           makes
           him
           her
           Confessor
           .
           In
           this
           
           eminent
           place
           ,
           he
           gave
           proofs
           of
           great
           vertues
           ,
           without
           any
           exception
           ,
           but
           that
           of
           intermedling
           with
           Matters
           of
           State
           ,
           wherein
           he
           exceeded
           his
           Call
           ,
           and
           strained
           beyond
           his
           Charge
           and
           his
           Frock
           .
        
         
           This
           perhaps
           ,
           gave
           those
           of
           his
           Order
           occasion
           to
           draw
           him
           back
           from
           Court
           to
           a
           Religious
           imployment
           ,
           by
           choosing
           him
           their
           Provincial
           for
           three
           years
           .
           And
           here
           he
           gave
           a
           most
           pregnant
           proof
           of
           the
           indifferency
           of
           his
           spirit
           for
           the
           affairs
           of
           Court
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           great
           love
           he
           bore
           his
           Order
           ,
           by
           going
           from
           Court
           more
           willingly
           ,
           than
           he
           had
           come
           into
           it
           ,
           and
           imploying
           his
           time
           in
           visiting
           the
           Religious
           Houses
           under
           his
           charge
           .
           Coming
           to
           Gibraltar
           ,
           moved
           with
           a
           charitable
           zeal
           for
           the
           salvation
           of
           the
           Infidels
           ,
           he
           designed
           a
           Voyage
           into
           Africk
           ,
           at
           the
           peril
           of
           his
           life
           to
           instruct
           the
           Moors
           there
           in
           the
           Christian
           faith
           :
           but
           a
           Fryar
           of
           his
           Order
           ,
           and
           in
           great
           esteem
           for
           Piety
           ,
           disswaded
           him
           ;
           assuring
           him
           ,
           God
           had
           prepared
           him
           a
           great
           imployment
           in
           Spain
           .
           He
           travelled
           on
           foot
           ,
           and
           begged
           ,
           but
           was
           such
           a
           bungler
           at
           the
           Trade
           ,
           and
           begged
           so
           untowardly
           ,
           that
           he
           seldom
           carried
           any
           but
           an
           empty
           bagg
           ;
           which
           made
           
             Franeis
             Rouys
          
           his
           companion
           tell
           him
           ,
           he
           must
           give
           over
           begging
           ;
           for
           that
           no
           man
           was
           more
           certainly
           born
           to
           give
           to
           all
           ,
           and
           begg
           of
           none
           ,
           than
           he
           .
           And
           had
           not
           the
           care
           of
           Rouys
           stood
           him
           in
           more
           stead
           than
           his
           begging
           Alms
           ,
           he
           had
           made
           more
           Fast-dayes
           ,
           than
           the
           Rules
           of
           his
           Order
           required
           .
           So
           unfit
           to
           begg
           are
           Great
           Spirits
           ,
           being
           naturally
           disposed
           to
           Give
           ,
           not
           to
           Ask.
           
        
      
       
         
         
           CAP.
           III.
           
        
         
           FOrtune
           ,
           which
           had
           designed
           him
           for
           the
           prime
           Prelate
           of
           Spain
           ,
           took
           care
           soon
           after
           ,
           to
           furnish
           his
           strong
           inclinations
           for
           the
           Good
           of
           mankind
           ;
           with
           means
           competent
           to
           express
           his
           Good
           nature
           in
           acts
           of
           benificence
           ,
           answerable
           to
           the
           Greatness
           of
           his
           Soul.
           Cardinal
           Mendoza
           ,
           Archbishop
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           laboured
           under
           two
           maladies
           ,
           the
           one
           incurable
           ,
           the
           other
           dangerous
           ,
           Age
           and
           a
           Feavour
           ;
           which
           induced
           him
           to
           go
           to
           Guadalfayre
           ,
           to
           take
           the
           benefit
           of
           that
           Ayre
           ,
           he
           drew
           at
           his
           birth
           .
           Ferdinand
           and
           Isabel
           ,
           King
           and
           Queen
           of
           Spain
           ,
           went
           thither
           to
           visit
           him
           ;
           This
           honour
           had
           saved
           the
           Cardinals
           life
           ,
           if
           death
           had
           regarded
           the
           presence
           of
           Kings
           ,
           who
           are
           themselves
           his
           Homagers
           .
           Mendoza
           now
           drawing
           near
           to
           his
           end
           ,
           gave
           his
           Master
           these
           three
           sage
           Counsels
           .
           1.
           
           To
           make
           peace
           with
           the
           King
           of
           France
           ,
           and
           keep
           it
           inviolable
           when
           made
           .
           2.
           
           To
           marry
           the
           Infant
           John
           ,
           Designed
           Successor
           of
           their
           Crowns
           to
           Joan
           ,
           since
           the
           wise
           of
           Alphonso
           King
           of
           Portugal
           ,
           pretendant
           to
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Castile
           .
           3.
           
           To
           conferr
           the
           Archbishoprick
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           on
           a
           person
           of
           mean
           Condition
           ,
           but
           of
           great
           integrity
           ,
           and
           extraordinary
           Capacity
           :
           That
           these
           qualities
           were
           apparently
           eminent
           in
           the
           person
           of
           Ximenes
           ;
           That
           the
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           ,
           proud
           enough
           of
           the
           Titles
           they
           are
           born
           to
           ,
           become
           intolerably
           insolent
           ,
           by
           the
           addition
           of
           those
           of
           great
           Dignities
           .
        
         
           These
           Princes
           slighted
           the
           first
           Advice
           ,
           to
           the
           
           prejudice
           and
           notorious
           damage
           of
           Christendom
           ,
           which
           smarted
           for
           their
           contempt
           of
           it
           ,
           as
           the
           Spanish
           histories
           ingenuously
           Confess
           .
           The
           third
           they
           embraced
           ,
           which
           Coming
           to
           the
           Knowledge
           of
           Ximenes
           ,
           he
           remonstrates
           to
           them
           ,
           that
           the
           Dignity
           of
           the
           Archbishoprick
           of
           Toledo
           being
           the
           prime
           of
           the
           State
           ,
           as
           well
           spiritual
           as
           temporal
           ;
           which
           gave
           the
           person
           invested
           in
           it
           ,
           the
           priviledge
           of
           speaking
           next
           the
           King
           ,
           in
           the
           Council-Royal
           ;
           ought
           to
           be
           given
           to
           the
           most
           illustrious
           ,
           and
           Ancient
           Gentry
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           .
        
         
           Cardinal
           Mendoza
           quitted
           his
           life
           ,
           and
           the
           Archbishoprick
           together
           ,
           in
           the
           year
           1496.
           
           Ferdinand
           would
           have
           preferred
           his
           natural
           son
           Don
           Alphonso
           ,
           Archbishop
           of
           Saragosa
           ,
           to
           this
           great
           Benefice
           :
           But
           Isabel
           ,
           who
           had
           right
           of
           Presentation
           to
           it
           ,
           as
           Queen
           of
           Castile
           ,
           preferred
           the
           vertue
           of
           Ximenes
           ,
           before
           the
           birth
           of
           Don
           Alphonso
           ,
           and
           the
           intreaties
           of
           the
           King
           her
           husband
           :
           The
           year
           ensuing
           ,
           they
           presented
           Ximenes
           to
           succeed
           in
           this
           Grand
           Prelature
           ,
           no
           less
           in
           dignity
           than
           Revenue
           ;
           which
           amounts
           to
           two
           hundred
           thousand
           Ducats
           a
           year
           .
           Ximenes
           forced
           by
           express
           Mandat
           from
           the
           Pope
           ,
           accepts
           it
           :
           At
           his
           first
           nomination
           he
           left
           the
           Court
           ,
           and
           fled
           on
           foot
           to
           a
           Covent
           of
           his
           Order
           a
           great
           way
           from
           Madrid
           ,
           to
           avoid
           investiture
           in
           the
           Archbishoprick
           :
           But
           returning
           in
           obedience
           to
           the
           Pope
           ,
           he
           declared
           to
           Ferdinand
           and
           Isabel
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           never
           consent
           that
           this
           Rich
           Benefice
           should
           be
           charged
           with
           one
           farthing
           pension
           ,
           as
           prejudicial
           to
           the
           dignity
           and
           liberty
           ,
           of
           the
           prime
           pastor
           of
           Spain
           .
        
         
           Now
           hath
           he
           just
           cause
           to
           meddle
           in
           Affairs
           of
           
           the
           State
           ,
           as
           being
           one
           of
           the
           most
           considerable
           members
           thereof
           :
           This
           sudden
           change
           of
           fortune
           ,
           shook
           not
           his
           Constancy
           ,
           nor
           altered
           his
           setled
           Resolutions
           of
           adhering
           to
           vertue
           ;
           Yet
           was
           he
           as
           free
           from
           mean
           ,
           and
           base
           Actions
           ,
           as
           from
           the
           Corruptions
           that
           usually
           attend
           great
           fortunes
           ;
           he
           made
           it
           appear
           that
           no
           dignity
           could
           be
           so
           great
           ,
           as
           to
           exceed
           his
           capacity
           ,
           no
           Grandure
           in
           the
           gift
           of
           fortune
           ,
           to
           which
           his
           soul
           was
           not
           commensurate
           ;
           though
           in
           his
           plenty
           of
           Fortune
           ,
           and
           Eminence
           of
           place
           ,
           he
           continued
           the
           plainness
           of
           a
           Religious
           life
           :
           Piety
           hath
           brought
           plenty
           ,
           and
           abundance
           of
           Riches
           into
           the
           Church
           ;
           And
           by
           the
           disorders
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           the
           Daughter
           hath
           devoured
           the
           Mother
           ;
           so
           that
           there
           are
           more
           Ecclesiasticks
           Rich
           ,
           than
           Pious
           :
           Ximenes
           was
           not
           of
           their
           number
           ;
           for
           amidst
           the
           Treasure
           of
           that
           Great
           Revenue
           ,
           he
           kept
           inviolable
           that
           poverty
           that
           exalts
           Great
           Personages
           above
           the
           height
           of
           fortune
           ,
           and
           consists
           in
           the
           contempt
           ,
           and
           sober
           use
           of
           these
           perishing
           enjoyments
           ;
           And
           ,
           as
           if
           he
           had
           been
           afraid
           to
           lose
           the
           least
           part
           of
           it
           ,
           he
           continued
           the
           practises
           of
           that
           Poverty
           ,
           which
           the
           Rules
           of
           Religion
           exact
           from
           its
           strictest
           votaries
           .
           The
           Pomp
           of
           a
           Cardinal
           ,
           and
           Attendance
           of
           the
           Prime
           Prelate
           of
           Spain
           ,
           could
           not
           keep
           him
           from
           retyring
           into
           a
           private
           place
           ,
           from
           the
           eyes
           of
           his
           domestiques
           ,
           to
           mend
           with
           his
           own
           hands
           ,
           the
           frock
           he
           had
           wore
           among
           those
           of
           his
           Order
           ;
           so
           that
           after
           his
           death
           ,
           in
           a
           Box
           ,
           whereof
           in
           his
           Life-time
           ,
           he
           constantly
           kept
           the
           Key
           ;
           there
           were
           found
           needles
           ,
           thred
           ,
           and
           pieces
           of
           Gray
           Cloth
           ,
           of
           the
           Colour
           of
           his
           Frock
           ,
           which
           he
           laid
           up
           for
           that
           use
           .
           He
           slept
           
           on
           a
           Friers
           pallet
           ,
           which
           he
           had
           hid
           in
           his
           Chamber
           ,
           where
           stood
           his
           Bed
           of
           state
           ;
           And
           that
           his
           family
           might
           not
           perceive
           it
           ,
           he
           made
           it
           his
           custom
           to
           go
           to
           bed
           ,
           and
           rise
           alone
           ,
           without
           attendants
           ,
           and
           his
           door
           shut
           .
           When
           he
           was
           first
           made
           Archbishop
           ,
           he
           rid
           into
           the
           Country
           upon
           an
           Asse
           attended
           by
           a
           troop
           of
           Monks
           of
           his
           Order
           ;
           his
           house
           ,
           his
           family
           and
           his
           table
           were
           so
           ordered
           ,
           as
           not
           to
           be
           inconsistent
           with
           his
           Vow
           of
           poverty
           ;
           The
           Great
           Revenue
           of
           the
           Primate
           of
           Spain
           ,
           was
           imployed
           in
           works
           of
           Piety
           ,
           the
           poor
           receiving
           a
           moity
           of
           it
           for
           their
           sustenance
           ,
           whom
           he
           called
           ,
           the
           Lords
           and
           Proprietors
           of
           his
           Revenues
           .
        
         
           The
           Bishops
           of
           Spain
           ,
           instead
           of
           imitating
           the
           good
           Example
           of
           his
           simplicity
           ,
           were
           offended
           at
           it
           ,
           and
           complained
           of
           him
           to
           Pope
           Alexander
           the
           sixth
           ,
           who
           sent
           him
           a
           Brieve
           ,
           advising
           him
           to
           change
           that
           mean
           fashion
           of
           life
           ,
           into
           a
           more
           splendid
           ,
           and
           becoming
           his
           dignity
           ;
           telling
           him
           ,
           it
           was
           not
           only
           convenient
           ,
           but
           necessary
           to
           maintain
           with
           some
           external
           pomp
           and
           lustre
           ,
           the
           dignities
           founded
           in
           a
           holy
           simplicity
           :
           Ximenes
           obeys
           the
           Pope
           ,
           his
           table
           is
           better
           covered
           ,
           his
           Beds
           more
           sumptuous
           ,
           his
           utensils
           of
           Earth
           are
           changed
           into
           Plate
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           ornaments
           of
           Prelature
           more
           splendid
           and
           magnificent
           :
           But
           his
           Golden
           Cross
           made
           him
           not
           a
           woodden
           Bishop
           ;
           he
           continued
           his
           conferences
           in
           Divinity
           with
           the
           Priests
           ,
           and
           his
           sermons
           to
           the
           people
           :
           and
           it
           is
           remarkable
           ,
           he
           admitted
           no
           man
           into
           his
           family
           ,
           but
           upon
           the
           commendations
           of
           honesty
           and
           vertue
           .
        
         
           But
           can
           it
           be
           expected
           ,
           Ximenes
           should
           quietly
           
           enjoy
           a
           Dignity
           so
           Eminent
           ,
           a
           Benefice
           of
           so
           vast
           revenue
           ?
           since
           't
           is
           the
           course
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           that
           ,
           as
           Roses
           have
           their
           prickles
           growing
           up
           with
           them
           ;
           so
           crosses
           are
           inseparable
           Companions
           of
           great
           fortunes
           .
           The
           first
           that
           attacqued
           him
           ,
           were
           the
           Monks
           of
           his
           Order
           ,
           who
           were
           at
           Court
           with
           him
           ,
           and
           offended
           that
           he
           kept
           them
           in
           his
           house
           to
           the
           Austere
           Rules
           of
           their
           Order
           ,
           and
           forbad
           them
           to
           intermeddle
           with
           any
           thing
           but
           their
           Beads
           ,
           And
           that
           being
           lately
           made
           President
           of
           the
           Kings
           Council
           ,
           he
           procured
           not
           for
           them
           the
           Prelatures
           of
           Spain
           ;
           spread
           ill
           reports
           of
           his
           person
           ,
           and
           made
           their
           Sermons
           invectives
           against
           his
           conduct
           ;
           Turning
           the
           pulpit
           ,
           which
           ought
           to
           be
           the
           Oracle
           of
           truth
           ,
           into
           a
           Theatre
           of
           Envy
           ;
           They
           rested
           not
           there
           ,
           but
           sent
           for
           their
           General
           from
           Rome
           ,
           and
           armed
           him
           with
           Calumnies
           against
           Ximenes
           .
           The
           General
           ,
           arrived
           in
           Spain
           ,
           and
           hurried
           with
           faction
           and
           insolence
           predominant
           in
           him
           ;
           goes
           to
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           addressing
           himself
           with
           little
           respect
           ,
           accused
           Ximenes
           of
           Ignorance
           ,
           of
           Pride
           ,
           and
           of
           Hypocrisie
           :
           Blaming
           the
           Queen
           for
           permitting
           such
           a
           man
           ,
           to
           fit
           in
           her
           Council
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           prime
           Chair
           of
           Prelature
           in
           the
           Kingdom
           .
           Isabel
           well
           assured
           of
           the
           integrity
           ,
           and
           merits
           of
           Ximenes
           ,
           and
           moved
           at
           the
           palpable
           rudeness
           ,
           and
           irregular
           passion
           of
           this
           General
           ;
           asked
           him
           if
           he
           were
           in
           his
           wits
           ,
           and
           knew
           whom
           he
           spoke
           to
           .
           Yes
           Madam
           (
           saith
           he
           )
           I
           am
           so
           well
           in
           my
           wits
           ,
           as
           to
           know
           I
           speak
           to
           Queen
           Isabel
           ,
           who
           is
           but
           a
           heap
           of
           Dust
           as
           I
           am
           ;
           and
           suddenly
           withdrew
           from
           the
           presence
           of
           the
           Queen
           ,
           more
           like
           a
           Fury
           than
           a
           Rational
           Creature
           .
           
           But
           the
           accusations
           of
           these
           Monks
           ,
           having
           no
           other
           foundation
           ,
           but
           Envy
           ,
           hatred
           and
           untruths
           ,
           were
           easily
           dissipated
           by
           the
           patience
           of
           Ximemes
           ,
           to
           their
           shame
           ,
           but
           his
           Glory
           .
        
         
           Thus
           these
           Ambitious
           men
           ,
           who
           went
           out
           of
           the
           world
           upon
           design
           ,
           to
           return
           with
           greater
           advantage
           ,
           attacqued
           his
           reputation
           :
           But
           Bernardine
           his
           brother
           ,
           attempted
           his
           life
           .
           Ximenes
           when
           he
           took
           the
           habit
           of
           St.
           Francis
           ,
           resigned
           to
           him
           his
           Benefices
           ,
           and
           was
           soon
           after
           followed
           by
           this
           young
           man
           ;
           who
           too
           ,
           became
           of
           the
           same
           Orders
           ;
           and
           afterwards
           tracing
           the
           steps
           of
           his
           Brothers
           fortune
           ,
           went
           to
           Court
           ,
           in
           hope
           of
           a
           Bishoprick
           :
           but
           the
           success
           not
           answering
           his
           designes
           ,
           he
           imputed
           the
           cause
           to
           Ximenes
           ,
           and
           resolved
           to
           be
           revenged
           of
           him
           ,
           for
           the
           refusal
           or
           delay
           of
           his
           preferment
           .
           Ximenes
           lay
           sick
           at
           
             Arcula
             D'Henares
          
           ,
           in
           Latin
           
             Complutum
             ;
             Bernardine
          
           was
           in
           his
           house
           ,
           and
           finding
           his
           Brother
           one
           day
           in
           his
           chamber
           ,
           without
           any
           attendant
           ,
           threw
           himself
           on
           the
           bed
           where
           he
           lay
           ,
           and
           pressing
           the
           bolster
           hard
           on
           his
           neck
           ,
           endeavoured
           to
           choke
           him
           ,
           and
           thinking
           it
           done
           ,
           went
           out
           of
           the
           Chamber
           :
           Ximenes
           not
           quite
           dead
           ,
           was
           helped
           by
           his
           servants
           who
           came
           in
           ,
           and
           having
           acquainted
           them
           with
           Bernardines
           villany
           ,
           commanded
           them
           to
           apprehend
           him
           ;
           They
           search
           ,
           and
           having
           found
           him
           hid
           in
           a
           Cave
           ,
           drag
           him
           out
           ,
           and
           bring
           him
           to
           Ximenes
           ,
           who
           took
           no
           other
           revenge
           ,
           than
           that
           he
           sent
           him
           bound
           to
           the
           Monastery
           of
           Torrice
           to
           learn
           more
           wi●t
           .
        
         
           Having
           recovered
           his
           health
           ,
           he
           spent
           some
           
           time
           in
           reforming
           the
           Conventuals
           of
           the
           Order
           of
           St.
           Francis
           ,
           called
           Cordeliers
           ;
           whom
           he
           reduced
           under
           the
           Rules
           of
           the
           Observantins
           ,
           to
           live
           without
           Revenews
           ,
           as
           Children
           of
           Providence
           ,
           and
           upon
           the
           Alms
           they
           receive
           .
           His
           pains
           ,
           and
           the
           Cordeliers
           oppositions
           and
           complaints
           in
           this
           Affair
           ,
           almost
           exceed
           expression
           .
           But
           by
           the
           end
           of
           the
           year
           1499.
           his
           Constancy
           surmounted
           all
           difficulties
           raised
           by
           them
           ,
           and
           afforded
           him
           opportunity
           to
           employ
           his
           thoughts
           ,
           towards
           redress
           of
           the
           peoples
           grievances
           .
           It
           troubled
           him
           to
           see
           the
           Kingdoms
           of
           Castile
           and
           Leon
           oppressed
           by
           a
           heavy
           Tax
           called
           Alcabala
           ,
           which
           forced
           them
           to
           pay
           the
           King
           the
           tenth
           part
           of
           all
           they
           sold
           or
           exchanged
           .
           This
           Imposition
           was
           first
           laid
           ,
           towards
           defraying
           the
           Charge
           of
           the
           Wars
           of
           Granada
           ,
           against
           the
           Moors
           ;
           but
           continued
           to
           the
           grievance
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           after
           the
           War
           ;
           though
           ended
           to
           the
           great
           advantage
           of
           Ferdinand
           and
           
             Isabel
             .
             Ximenes
          
           remonstrates
           to
           them
           ,
           that
           God
           had
           made
           them
           Pastors
           ,
           not
           Tyrants
           over
           the
           people
           ;
           that
           by
           the
           favour
           of
           Heaven
           ,
           they
           had
           obtained
           Victory
           over
           the
           Moors
           ;
           that
           it
           was
           an
           ill
           Acknowledgement
           of
           the
           mercy
           ,
           to
           continue
           in
           time
           of
           Peace
           and
           Triumph
           ,
           that
           Subsidy
           which
           was
           intended
           only
           for
           the
           maintenance
           of
           the
           War.
           His
           advice
           was
           taken
           ,
           and
           the
           people
           discharged
           of
           the
           Tax
           .
           This
           gained
           him
           great
           reputation
           all
           over
           Spain
           ;
           so
           that
           he
           never
           entred
           the
           Palace
           Royal
           ,
           but
           the
           people
           attended
           him
           with
           joyful
           Acclamations
           ,
           saying
           publickly
           ,
           He
           never
           went
           to
           Council
           ,
           but
           for
           the
           good
           of
           the
           Commonalty
           .
           A
           wise
           Minister
           of
           State
           designs
           no
           less
           the
           good
           of
           the
           
           publick
           ,
           than
           the
           Honour
           of
           his
           Prince
           .
        
         
           The
           disorders
           of
           War
           had
           banished
           good
           Literature
           from
           the
           Territories
           of
           
             Spain
             ;
             Ximenes
          
           desires
           ardently
           to
           see
           it
           brought
           back
           and
           replanted
           :
           causes
           a
           Colledge
           to
           be
           built
           at
           Arcala
           ,
           and
           the
           seventh
           of
           March
           1498.
           〈…〉
           stone
           himself
           ,
           endowed
           i●
           with
           Revenu●●
           〈◊〉
           furnished
           it
           with
           Regents
           ;
           which
           render●
           it
           one
           of
           the
           best
           Academies
           of
           Spain
           .
           Certainly
           ,
           the
           happiness
           of
           a
           Kingdom
           ,
           consists
           in
           the
           observance
           of
           the
           Laws
           ,
           which
           is
           better
           effected
           through
           careful
           education
           ,
           than
           fear
           of
           punishment
           .
           Vertuous
           actions
           are
           derived
           from
           good
           habits
           ,
           acquired
           by
           practice
           and
           exercise
           of
           the
           wholsome
           Rules
           of
           good
           Education
           :
           where
           this
           is
           wanting
           ,
           the
           severities
           of
           Magistracy
           are
           too
           weak
           ,
           to
           contain
           men
           within
           the
           limits
           of
           obedience
           to
           Law
           ;
           there
           being
           nothing
           so
           difficult
           ,
           as
           to
           subdue
           our
           passions
           ,
           when
           by
           long
           Custom
           and
           Continuance
           in
           Vice
           ,
           they
           have
           got
           such
           head
           ,
           as
           to
           master
           our
           Reason
           .
           Hence
           that
           Maxim
           of
           the
           Wise
           man
           ,
           that
           Prudent
           Education
           added
           to
           the
           Gifts
           of
           Nature
           ,
           renders
           men
           vertuous
           and
           obedient
           to
           the
           Laws
           ;
           and
           that
           nothing
           is
           more
           necessary
           for
           the
           Common-weal
           ,
           than
           good
           institution
           and
           vertuous
           education
           of
           Youth
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CAP.
           IV.
           
        
         
           XImenes
           had
           not
           only
           a
           real
           Affection
           for
           Learning
           ,
           but
           a
           high
           esteem
           for
           its
           faithfull
           Attendants
           ,
           Honesty
           and
           Integrity
           ;
           though
           his
           affection
           to
           the
           one
           ,
           and
           esteem
           for
           the
           other
           ,
           terminated
           in
           Religion
           ,
           as
           the
           ultimate
           object
           of
           his
           best
           affections
           ;
           the
           Ascendant
           of
           his
           soul
           ,
           and
           Lady
           paramount
           of
           his
           passions
           .
           To
           which
           he
           was
           so
           entirely
           devoted
           ,
           as
           to
           take
           the
           measure
           of
           his
           affection
           and
           esteem
           for
           Learning
           and
           Honesty
           ,
           from
           their
           usefulness
           to
           the
           advancement
           of
           Religion
           .
           The
           zeal
           he
           had
           to
           propagate
           Christianity
           ,
           made
           him
           labour
           willingly
           ,
           and
           much
           for
           the
           Conversion
           of
           Infidels
           .
           About
           the
           end
           of
           this
           year
           he
           attended
           the
           King
           and
           Queen
           in
           their
           Kingdom
           of
           Granada
           ,
           newly
           recovered
           from
           the
           Moors
           ;
           to
           give
           advice
           ,
           how
           this
           new
           Conquest
           might
           be
           best
           maintained
           :
           and
           found
           time
           to
           preach
           so
           fervently
           to
           the
           Moors
           ,
           that
           in
           one
           day
           ,
           he
           converted
           three
           thousand
           of
           them
           to
           the
           faith
           of
           Christ
           .
           And
           the
           multitude
           of
           the
           Converts
           ,
           making
           it
           impossible
           to
           baptize
           them
           all
           in
           the
           usual
           form
           ,
           within
           the
           compass
           of
           a
           day
           ,
           using
           aspersion
           instead
           immersion
           ,
           he
           sprinkled
           them
           all
           with
           baptismal
           water
           ,
           and
           so
           initiated
           them
           all
           the
           same
           day
           in
           the
           Christian
           Religion
           .
           In
           memory
           whereof
           ,
           that
           day
           being
           the
           16th
           of
           December
           ,
           was
           long
           kept
           Festival
           in
           Spain
           .
           The
           Archbishop
           of
           Granada
           in
           his
           harangue
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           upon
           the
           Triumphs
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           amongst
           others
           hath
           this
           expression
           ;
           
           Sir
           ,
           I
           may
           say
           without
           incurring
           suspicion
           of
           flattery
           ,
           that
           your
           Victories
           surpass
           the
           King's
           ;
           for
           he
           gained
           Stones
           ,
           but
           you
           have
           gained
           Souls
           to
           God.
           The
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           unconverted
           Moors
           followed
           the
           example
           of
           a
           Prince
           of
           their
           Sect
           ,
           of
           the
           Royal
           Family
           of
           the
           Kings
           of
           Granada
           ,
           who
           became
           Christian
           ;
           and
           drew
           them
           with
           him
           ,
           to
           the
           knowledge
           of
           the
           true
           Religion
           .
           These
           new
           Converts
           ,
           by
           the
           light
           of
           truth
           began
           to
           discover
           and
           detest
           their
           former
           errors
           ;
           and
           of
           their
           own
           accord
           ,
           laid
           at
           Ximenes
           feet
           five
           thousand
           Volumes
           of
           the
           Alcoran
           ,
           or
           Glosses
           and
           Explications
           of
           it
           ;
           all
           curiously
           bound
           ,
           neatly
           trimmed
           ,
           and
           exquisitely
           adorned
           with
           Claspes
           and
           Knots
           of
           Silver
           ,
           Gold
           ,
           and
           precious
           Stones
           ,
           which
           made
           out
           the
           Esteem
           that
           people
           had
           ,
           for
           the
           lying
           impostures
           of
           their
           Prophet
           .
        
         
           Many
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           became
           Suitors
           to
           Ximenes
           ,
           for
           one
           of
           those
           Books
           to
           adorn
           their
           Libraries
           :
           but
           he
           refused
           ,
           and
           causing
           a
           great
           fire
           to
           be
           made
           ,
           exposed
           them
           all
           to
           the
           fury
           of
           the
           devouring
           flames
           ,
           except
           few
           that
           treated
           of
           Physick
           ,
           and
           had
           been
           found
           among
           the
           Alcorans
           .
           Taking
           from
           these
           new
           Converts
           those
           objects
           which
           might
           renew
           the
           memory
           of
           the
           Errors
           in
           which
           they
           had
           lived
           most
           part
           of
           their
           time
           .
           So
           frail
           ,
           and
           so
           fickle
           is
           our
           nature
           in
           good
           actions
           ,
           that
           our
           progress
           in
           the
           way
           of
           vertue
           ,
           is
           like
           that
           of
           Boats
           against
           the
           stream
           of
           a
           rapid
           Torrent
           ,
           which
           fall
           back
           in
           one
           hour
           more
           than
           they
           advance
           in
           a
           whole
           day
           :
           This
           was
           not
           enough
           to
           contain
           them
           within
           the
           bounds
           of
           their
           duty
           ,
           some
           sighed
           for
           their
           lost
           liberty
           ,
           others
           relapsed
           into
           their
           old
           superstitions
           ,
           and
           
           taking
           up
           Arms
           ,
           resolved
           to
           force
           their
           way
           to
           both
           ,
           by
           fire
           and
           sword
           .
           Ximenes
           who
           was
           yet
           in
           Granada
           ,
           stood
           the
           shock
           ,
           and
           bearing
           up
           bravely
           in
           a
           Sea
           of
           troubles
           that
           surrounded
           him
           ,
           sends
           an
           Express
           to
           the
           King
           :
           And
           for
           better
           dispatch
           ,
           a
           Gentleman
           of
           Quality
           of
           the
           same
           City
           offered
           him
           an
           Ethiopian
           Slave
           ,
           so
           nimble
           and
           swift
           of
           foot
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           travell
           fifty
           Leagues
           a
           day
           .
           But
           the
           brutish
           Sot
           having
           received
           the
           Pacquet
           ,
           instead
           of
           making
           haste
           ,
           overcharged
           himself
           so
           with
           Wine
           and
           Victuals
           at
           the
           second
           Inn
           he
           met
           with
           by
           the
           way
           ,
           that
           he
           slept
           there
           till
           the
           morrow
           after
           :
           and
           he
           ,
           who
           should
           have
           been
           in
           two
           dayes
           at
           Sevil
           ,
           where
           the
           Court
           then
           was
           ,
           made
           it
           five
           ere
           he
           arrived
           there
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           the
           King
           had
           intelligence
           of
           the
           Revolt
           of
           the
           Moors
           of
           Granada
           from
           them
           ,
           who
           envying
           the
           greatness
           of
           Ximenes
           ,
           took
           care
           to
           send
           better
           Courriers
           than
           the
           Ethiopian
           :
           and
           informed
           the
           King
           ,
           that
           Ximenes
           ,
           who
           through
           a
           rash
           and
           undiscreet
           zeal
           ,
           would
           have
           converted
           to
           Christianity
           in
           a
           moment
           ,
           men
           who
           were
           not
           only
           born
           and
           had
           lived
           ,
           but
           were
           for
           the
           most
           part
           grown
           old
           in
           the
           Profession
           of
           Mahometism
           ,
           had
           lost
           the
           Realm
           of
           Granada
           :
           That
           he
           was
           utterly
           incapable
           to
           manage
           matters
           of
           State
           ,
           who
           proposed
           and
           made
           use
           of
           no
           other
           allurements
           ,
           to
           win
           over
           his
           Converts
           to
           submit
           their
           necks
           to
           the
           yoke
           of
           a
           new
           Government
           ,
           than
           the
           headstrong
           Capricchio's
           of
           his
           violent
           fancy
           ,
           and
           the
           rigorous
           Austerities
           he
           had
           practised
           in
           a
           Cloister
           .
        
         
           Ferdinand
           believes
           them
           ,
           and
           remembring
           Ximenes
           had
           been
           introduced
           into
           Court
           ,
           and
           his
           
           Conduct
           extolled
           by
           the
           Queen
           his
           Wife
           ;
           goes
           to
           her
           Lodgings
           ,
           and
           all
           in
           a
           flame
           .
           See
           now
           ,
           Madam
           ,
           (
           sayes
           he
           )
           !
           the
           Triumphs
           of
           our
           Ancestors
           ,
           and
           our
           own
           ,
           purchased
           with
           the
           blood
           of
           the
           Nobles
           of
           Spain
           ,
           ruined
           in
           a
           moment
           ,
           by
           the
           humoursome
           follies
           of
           your
           
             Ximenes
             !
             Ximenes
          
           by
           this
           time
           ,
           had
           intelligence
           from
           his
           friends
           of
           the
           negligence
           of
           the
           Ethiopian
           ,
           and
           the
           sense
           of
           the
           Court
           ;
           he
           acknowledges
           his
           fault
           to
           entrust
           the
           sottishness
           of
           such
           a
           Brute
           ,
           with
           an
           Affair
           of
           so
           great
           Importance
           :
           And
           resolved
           for
           the
           future
           ,
           never
           to
           send
           Courriers
           on
           the
           like
           Occurrences
           ,
           but
           such
           as
           were
           persons
           of
           integrity
           and
           honest
           Repute
           ;
           which
           he
           observed
           ,
           making
           it
           his
           custom
           ,
           to
           honour
           and
           load
           with
           Presents
           ,
           such
           whom
           he
           imployed
           in
           dispatches
           of
           Consequence
           .
        
         
           To
           retrive
           this
           miscarriage
           ,
           and
           remedy
           the
           present
           disorder
           of
           his
           Affairs
           ,
           he
           dispatched
           Roiiys
           his
           Companion
           of
           the
           Order
           ,
           to
           inform
           their
           Majesties
           of
           the
           Causes
           of
           the
           Revolt
           ,
           and
           the
           Remedies
           he
           had
           applyed
           .
           The
           good
           estate
           of
           Granada
           ,
           quenched
           the
           fire
           of
           Ferdinands
           anger
           and
           displeasure
           against
           Ximenes
           ,
           and
           drew
           from
           him
           Letters
           of
           thanks
           to
           Ximenes
           ,
           for
           his
           great
           expence
           for
           the
           good
           of
           the
           publick
           ,
           in
           restoring
           peace
           to
           Granada
           ;
           and
           the
           dangers
           he
           exposed
           himself
           to
           ,
           to
           save
           his
           Cities
           from
           ruine
           ,
           and
           the
           Kingdom
           from
           destruction
           .
           A
           Minister
           of
           State
           who
           labours
           with
           integrity
           to
           serve
           his
           Majesty
           ,
           ought
           by
           good
           Actions
           and
           patience
           ,
           to
           overcome
           the
           Envy
           and
           Calumnies
           of
           his
           Enemies
           ,
           which
           like
           thin
           mists
           are
           easily
           dissipated
           ;
           and
           being
           built
           on
           the
           sandy
           foundations
           of
           falseshood
           ,
           
           and
           lyes
           ,
           are
           soon
           shaken
           and
           moulder
           to
           nothing
           .
        
      
       
         
           CAP.
           V.
           
        
         
           THE
           watchings
           and
           labours
           Ximenes
           underwent
           ,
           to
           suppress
           the
           Tumults
           of
           Granada
           ,
           had
           impaired
           his
           health
           into
           a
           Hectick
           Feavour
           ;
           so
           malignant
           ,
           that
           the
           Physitians
           could
           find
           no
           remedy
           for
           it
           .
           A
           Moriseo-woman
           converted
           by
           him
           ,
           hears
           of
           this
           ,
           and
           sends
           him
           another
           woman
           of
           the
           same
           Nation
           ,
           to
           desire
           permission
           to
           cure
           his
           Feavour
           ;
           which
           being
           granted
           her
           ,
           within
           eight
           dayes
           by
           the
           use
           of
           Oyntments
           ,
           and
           some
           words
           she
           recited
           ,
           she
           restored
           him
           to
           perfect
           health
           .
           This
           enabled
           him
           to
           go
           to
           Toledo
           ,
           to
           salute
           the
           Princess
           Joan
           ,
           Daughter
           and
           Heiress
           of
           Ferdinand
           and
           Isabel
           ,
           together
           with
           Philip
           of
           Austrich
           her
           Husband
           ,
           and
           Son
           to
           the
           Emperour
           Maximilian
           ,
           who
           were
           lately
           come
           to
           Spain
           .
           And
           thence
           to
           visit
           that
           glorious
           Temple
           of
           the
           Muses
           ,
           his
           Colledge
           of
           Arcala
           ,
           the
           love
           of
           Learning
           being
           inseparable
           from
           his
           soul
           :
           insomuch
           that
           in
           the
           year
           1502.
           in
           order
           to
           the
           Explication
           and
           Imprinting
           of
           the
           Holy
           Scriptures
           in
           Latine
           ,
           Greek
           ,
           Hebrew
           and
           Chaldee
           ,
           by
           persons
           of
           knowledge
           and
           skill
           in
           those
           Tongues
           at
           his
           charge
           in
           that
           City
           ;
           he
           bought
           up
           all
           the
           Manuscript
           Bibles
           he
           could
           hear
           of
           ;
           and
           caused
           most
           exact
           and
           correct
           Impressions
           to
           be
           made
           thereof
           in
           those
           Languages
           .
           Seven
           Hebrew
           Copies
           cost
           him
           four
           thousand
           Crowns
           ;
           the
           Latine
           and
           Greek
           Manuscripts
           ,
           being
           eight
           
           hundred
           years
           old
           ,
           amounted
           to
           a
           greater
           summ
           :
           besides
           a
           vast
           expence
           for
           maintenance
           and
           Salaries
           of
           Professors
           of
           those
           Languages
           ,
           and
           Correctors
           and
           Printers
           for
           fifteen
           years
           .
           His
           design
           was
           to
           instruct
           the
           Priests
           in
           the
           Truths
           of
           the
           two
           Testaments
           ,
           and
           to
           leave
           the
           Church
           these
           Lights
           of
           the
           Holy
           Scriptures
           in
           their
           original
           purity
           .
           As
           if
           he
           had
           foreseen
           ,
           that
           a
           few
           years
           after
           the
           perfection
           of
           this
           work
           ,
           Heresie
           would
           arise
           ,
           by
           false
           interpretation
           of
           Scripture
           ;
           to
           attacque
           the
           purity
           of
           Christian
           Doctrine
           .
           And
           therefore
           he
           provided
           this
           Impression
           ,
           as
           a
           well
           furnished
           Armoury
           ,
           to
           defend
           the
           Church
           against
           the
           malice
           of
           her
           Enemies
           .
           This
           great
           and
           painfull
           work
           being
           finished
           ;
           and
           the
           Printer
           presenting
           him
           with
           the
           first
           Copy
           of
           it
           ;
           with
           eyes
           and
           hands
           lift
           up
           for
           joy
           to
           Heaven
           ,
           My
           God
           ,
           said
           he
           ,
           I
           return
           thee
           immortal
           thanks
           ,
           for
           granting
           my
           desires
           of
           good
           success
           to
           this
           work
           .
           Then
           turning
           to
           his
           Domestiques
           who
           were
           most
           familiar
           with
           him
           ;
           'T
           is
           true
           ,
           said
           he
           ,
           my
           friends
           ,
           that
           God
           hath
           been
           pleased
           to
           crown
           my
           Labours
           with
           success
           ,
           in
           many
           important
           Affairs
           for
           the
           good
           of
           the
           State
           ;
           but
           there
           is
           not
           any
           thing
           ,
           in
           which
           ye
           ought
           to
           rejoyce
           with
           me
           more
           ,
           than
           for
           the
           happy
           accomplishment
           of
           this
           Impression
           and
           Explication
           of
           the
           Bible
           in
           the
           four
           Languages
           .
        
         
           He
           had
           designed
           also
           a
           Translation
           of
           Aristotle's
           works
           ,
           and
           to
           adorn
           them
           ,
           suitable
           to
           the
           dignity
           of
           the
           subject
           .
           And
           certainly
           ,
           since
           he
           thus
           revived
           good
           Literature
           ;
           't
           is
           but
           just
           ,
           Learning
           should
           raise
           him
           to
           life
           again
           ;
           and
           that
           the
           Muses
           give
           immortality
           to
           his
           Name
           :
           for
           he
           
           who
           labours
           for
           them
           ,
           ought
           in
           recompence
           of
           his
           Travels
           ,
           to
           receive
           from
           them
           the
           Auguste
           priviledge
           of
           never
           dying
           .
        
         
           Much
           about
           this
           time
           ,
           Joan
           Heiress
           of
           Spain
           was
           delivered
           of
           her
           second
           Son
           at
           
             Arcala
             .
             Ximenes
          
           layes
           hold
           of
           the
           opportunity
           ,
           for
           the
           glory
           of
           his
           Colledge
           :
           and
           by
           the
           favour
           of
           this
           birth
           ,
           obtained
           for
           that
           City
           (
           which
           he
           had
           made
           an
           habitation
           of
           the
           Muses
           )
           exemption
           from
           Taxes
           and
           all
           manner
           of
           Impositions
           .
           The
           inhabitants
           of
           Arcala
           in
           memory
           of
           the
           favour
           ,
           keep
           to
           this
           day
           ,
           the
           Cradle
           of
           that
           Prince
           ;
           and
           bless
           the
           name
           of
           Ximenes
           ,
           who
           procured
           it
           .
           As
           he
           went
           out
           of
           his
           Lodgings
           the
           same
           day
           ,
           he
           met
           the
           Officers
           of
           Justice
           leading
           a
           Malefactor
           to
           the
           Gibbet
           ;
           he
           stops
           them
           ,
           and
           grants
           the
           wretched
           Criminal
           ,
           Pardon
           .
           Telling
           them
           ,
           that
           though
           it
           was
           an
           Action
           beyond
           his
           Authority
           ,
           yet
           so
           much
           ought
           to
           be
           allowed
           his
           Dignity
           ,
           to
           hinder
           that
           day
           of
           general
           Joy
           to
           all
           Spain
           ,
           from
           being
           Capital
           to
           an
           Inhabitant
           of
           Arcala
           .
        
         
           After
           this
           ,
           he
           built
           a
           Colledge
           for
           Maids
           of
           honest
           Families
           ,
           whom
           Poverty
           kept
           in
           ignorance
           :
           and
           adjoyned
           to
           it
           a
           Nunnery
           for
           the
           entertainment
           of
           such
           ,
           who
           were
           inclined
           to
           bid
           farewell
           to
           the
           world
           ;
           with
           Provision
           ,
           that
           none
           should
           be
           taken
           into
           it
           ,
           but
           such
           as
           came
           voluntarily
           ;
           and
           as
           for
           those
           who
           desired
           to
           continue
           secular
           ,
           besides
           the
           vertuous
           breeding
           of
           the
           Colledge
           ,
           he
           gave
           them
           honourable
           portions
           ,
           and
           disposed
           of
           them
           in
           Marriage
           according
           to
           their
           conditions
           .
           These
           works
           of
           Piety
           ,
           and
           the
           War
           against
           the
           Moors
           ,
           were
           the
           Treasury
           ,
           where
           he
           laid
           up
           those
           Riches
           Fortune
           cannot
           destroy
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CAP.
           VI.
           
        
         
           BEing
           at
           
             Medina
             ,
             Jerome
             Vianelli
          
           a
           Venetian
           ,
           ●ffered
           him
           a
           Jewell
           at
           5000.
           
           Crowns
           ,
           and
           pressed
           him
           much
           to
           buy
           it
           ;
           though
           the
           price
           put
           upon
           it
           ,
           exceeded
           far
           the
           value
           of
           the
           Stone
           .
           Ximenes
           liked
           well
           the
           neat
           glittering
           and
           sparkling
           brightness
           of
           the
           Jewel
           ;
           but
           I
           know
           ,
           sayes
           he
           ,
           to
           bestow
           the
           money
           better
           :
           for
           in
           an
           urgent
           necessity
           I
           can
           relieve
           5000.
           
           Souldiers
           with
           Crowns
           apiece
           ;
           his
           Levies
           for
           the
           Wars
           of
           Africk
           being
           then
           afoot
           .
        
         
           The
           year
           1505
           Spain
           had
           great
           loss
           by
           the
           death
           of
           Queen
           Isabel
           ,
           the
           Most
           Illustious
           Princess
           of
           her
           Age
           ;
           no
           less
           Eminent
           for
           acquired
           habits
           of
           Goodness
           ,
           than
           Royal
           Extraction
           ;
           being
           as
           worthily
           adorned
           with
           the
           Crowns
           of
           Vertue
           ,
           as
           legally
           Crowned
           with
           the
           Diadem
           of
           Spain
           ;
           a
           Princess
           of
           Knowledge
           ,
           Piety
           and
           Generosity
           above
           the
           usual
           Capacity
           of
           her
           Sex.
           She
           who
           had
           observed
           in
           Ximenes
           the
           Eminence
           of
           Rare
           Conduct
           ,
           attended
           with
           singular
           integrity
           ,
           made
           him
           Executor
           of
           her
           Last
           Will
           and
           Testament
           :
           which
           was
           but
           a
           drop
           of
           that
           Ocean
           of
           honour
           those
           qualities
           procured
           him
           ,
           which
           rendered
           him
           so
           venerable
           in
           the
           State
           ,
           that
           never
           Minister
           was
           so
           much
           honoured
           in
           his
           life
           ,
           so
           much
           desired
           and
           missed
           after
           his
           death
           .
           Every
           time
           he
           came
           to
           wait
           on
           his
           Master
           Ferdinand
           ,
           the
           King
           went
           out
           of
           his
           Chamber
           to
           meet
           him
           ,
           and
           at
           parting
           ,
           brought
           him
           to
           the
           Chamber-door
           :
           nor
           would
           he
           si●
           ,
           till
           a
           Seat
           were
           given
           Ximenes
           .
           
           So
           powerful
           are
           great
           Vertues
           ,
           as
           to
           obliege
           even
           the
           Scepters
           of
           the
           World
           to
           reverence
           them
           .
           That
           Minister
           who
           is
           prudent
           and
           Generous
           ,
           whose
           designes
           tend
           only
           to
           the
           glory
           of
           his
           Master
           ,
           and
           good
           of
           the
           publick
           ,
           deserves
           the
           Surname
           of
           Guardian-Angel
           of
           the
           State
           ,
           and
           ought
           to
           be
           honoured
           as
           such
           by
           every
           one
           .
        
         
           The
           death
           of
           Isabel
           gave
           Ximenes
           occasion
           to
           do
           Ferdinand
           good
           Service
           in
           Spain
           ,
           and
           to
           give
           new
           proofs
           of
           the
           greatness
           of
           his
           Conduct
           :
           Isabel
           who
           was
           Queen
           of
           Castile
           ,
           had
           by
           her
           Testament
           made
           Ferdinand
           her
           Husband
           ,
           (
           who
           was
           only
           King
           of
           Arragon
           )
           Administrator
           general
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           
             Castile
             :
             Philip
          
           his
           Son
           in
           Law
           ,
           husband
           ,
           as
           was
           said
           ,
           of
           the
           sole
           Heiress
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           had
           other
           designes
           ;
           and
           by
           the
           instigation
           of
           some
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           presuming
           upon
           the
           amity
           of
           France
           ,
           intended
           to
           dethrone
           his
           Father
           in
           Law
           ,
           and
           take
           possession
           of
           Castile
           as
           the
           inheritance
           of
           his
           Wife
           .
           He
           was
           at
           that
           time
           in
           Flanders
           with
           Joan
           ,
           about
           whom
           Ximenes
           had
           placed
           some
           persons
           of
           trust
           ,
           by
           whom
           she
           informed
           him
           of
           the
           designes
           of
           her
           Husband
           to
           trouble
           Spain
           :
           and
           the
           ill
           usage
           she
           had
           from
           him
           ;
           for
           his
           Love
           to
           the
           Flemmish
           Ladies
           had
           divided
           the
           Husband
           and
           Wife
           ,
           and
           filled
           their
           Breasts
           with
           Jealousie
           and
           hatred
           of
           each
           other
           :
           Joan
           writes
           to
           her
           Father
           the
           threats
           of
           Philip
           ,
           to
           drive
           him
           out
           of
           Castile
           ,
           contrary
           to
           the
           Testament
           of
           the
           Queen
           her
           Mother
           ;
           Philip
           surprizes
           Fernand's
           Embassadour
           ,
           with
           several
           Letters
           about
           him
           ;
           and
           without
           respect
           to
           his
           person
           ,
           caused
           him
           to
           be
           imprisoned
           .
           Ximenes
           advertised
           of
           these
           threats
           and
           violences
           ,
           advises
           the
           Remedy
           ,
           
           for
           Ferdinand's
           service
           ;
           he
           knew
           Philip
           had
           Negotiations
           afoot
           in
           France
           to
           sollicite
           the
           Aid
           of
           that
           Court
           against
           his
           Father
           in
           Law.
           Ximenes
           steps
           in
           ,
           and
           prevents
           it
           ,
           advises
           Ferdinand
           to
           a
           strict
           Alliance
           on
           that
           side
           ,
           and
           to
           take
           to
           Wife
           
             Germain
             de
             Foix
          
           ,
           Niece
           to
           Lewis
           the
           twelfth
           .
        
         
           The
           Marriage
           was
           accomplished
           ,
           and
           Philip
           surprized
           to
           see
           himself
           abandoned
           by
           them
           from
           whom
           he
           promised
           himself
           the
           greatest
           succour
           ,
           was
           forced
           to
           a
           Treaty
           of
           Accommodation
           with
           Ferdinand
           ,
           and
           agree
           to
           him
           the
           Administration
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Castile
           ,
           reserving
           to
           himself
           the
           honour
           only
           of
           being
           named
           joyntly
           with
           Ferdinand
           in
           all
           Letters
           Patents
           .
           This
           Agreement
           quieted
           the
           Affairs
           of
           Spain
           ,
           though
           not
           long
           .
           Philip
           comes
           thither
           with
           Joan
           his
           Wife
           ,
           visits
           the
           Cities
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           acts
           as
           sole
           Master
           of
           it
           without
           seeing
           Ferdinand
           ,
           or
           permitting
           his
           Wife
           to
           see
           him
           :
           Ferdinand
           though
           his
           Father
           in
           Law
           longs
           to
           see
           Philip
           ,
           and
           follows
           him
           from
           place
           to
           place
           ,
           but
           Philip
           flees
           from
           him
           ,
           till
           Ximenes
           by
           his
           prudence
           procured
           an
           Interview
           .
           Philip
           instigated
           by
           the
           great
           ones
           ,
           desirous
           of
           novelties
           ,
           and
           envying
           the
           Authority
           of
           Ximenes
           ,
           appeared
           at
           the
           enterview
           in
           the
           Equippage
           of
           Conquest
           and
           Triumph
           ,
           not
           like
           a
           Son
           to
           meet
           his
           Father
           ,
           but
           marching
           with
           six
           thousand
           Warriers
           at
           his
           heels
           ;
           Ferdinand
           had
           only
           two
           hundred
           men
           of
           his
           houshold
           and
           retinue
           ,
           and
           mounted
           on
           Mules
           .
           But
           this
           Flemish
           Bravado
           lasted
           not
           long
           ;
           the
           sage
           Advice
           of
           Ximenes
           made
           it
           vanish
           ;
           he
           goes
           to
           Philip
           at
           Burges
           ,
           shews
           him
           the
           injury
           he
           did
           himself
           to
           sow
           division
           in
           a
           State
           belonging
           to
           him
           ;
           that
           to
           raise
           
           Warr
           in
           Spain
           ,
           was
           to
           Assault
           his
           own
           House
           ;
           that
           Ferdinand
           had
           only
           the
           Administration
           of
           Castile
           ,
           and
           served
           only
           to
           keep
           it
           ,
           and
           improve
           it
           for
           him
           ;
           that
           the
           Counsels
           given
           him
           ,
           tended
           to
           his
           ruine
           ;
           that
           Don
           
             John
             Manuel
          
           his
           great
           Confident
           and
           Prime
           man
           of
           his
           Council
           ,
           was
           a
           person
           interessed
           ,
           and
           for
           his
           own
           advantage
           fomented
           divisions
           between
           him
           and
           his
           Father
           in
           Law
           ;
           that
           it
           concerned
           him
           in
           point
           of
           interest
           ,
           and
           for
           his
           own
           good
           to
           remove
           Manuel
           by
           some
           honourable
           Employment
           ;
           that
           an
           Embassy
           to
           Rome
           would
           be
           very
           fit
           for
           the
           purpose
           .
           To
           remove
           from
           a
           Prince
           a
           pernicious
           favourite
           ,
           is
           to
           rid
           a
           Sick
           man
           of
           his
           Disease
           .
        
         
           And
           because
           this
           Enterview
           is
           a
           principal
           piece
           of
           our
           Story
           ,
           I
           thought
           fit
           to
           give
           you
           the
           most
           remarkable
           particulars
           .
           Philip
           going
           to
           meet
           Ferdinand
           ,
           had
           on
           his
           right
           hand
           Ximenes
           (
           who
           went
           to
           him
           at
           Burges
           )
           and
           on
           his
           left
           Don
           Manuel
           his
           High
           Treasurer
           ;
           those
           of
           his
           Court
           were
           in
           Armour
           ,
           and
           marched
           in
           a
           posture
           of
           Warr
           ;
           Ferdinands
           followers
           ridd
           on
           Mules
           ,
           as
           men
           of
           peace
           ,
           with
           Cloaks
           and
           Swords
           only
           ;
           the
           Principal
           Courtiers
           having
           forsaken
           him
           to
           attend
           Philip
           ,
           verified
           the
           old
           observation
           ,
           that
           Courtiers
           adore
           the
           rising
           Sun.
           Ferdinand
           meeting
           the
           Troops
           of
           his
           Son
           in
           Law
           ,
           made
           a
           halt
           on
           a
           little
           rising
           Ground
           to
           give
           them
           way
           :
           this
           place
           he
           chose
           as
           fittest
           in
           his
           judgement
           ,
           (
           one
           of
           the
           sagest
           of
           his
           time
           )
           to
           view
           and
           contemplate
           the
           disloyalty
           of
           the
           Court
           ,
           having
           of
           purpose
           taken
           up
           his
           standing
           in
           a
           narrow
           place
           ,
           where
           all
           those
           who
           had
           abandoned
           him
           to
           go
           to
           Philip
           ,
           must
           of
           necessity
           pass
           close
           by
           him
           :
           And
           of
           them
           the
           
           Duke
           of
           Najar
           first
           presented
           himself
           ,
           mounted
           in
           Armour
           on
           a
           Spanish
           Jennet
           ,
           as
           for
           a
           day
           of
           Battel
           ;
           his
           Page
           carryed
           his
           Lance
           ,
           and
           one
           of
           his
           Captains
           led
           a
           Troop
           of
           men
           at
           Arms
           behind
           him
           :
           Duke
           ,
           sayes
           Ferdinand
           ,
           you
           are
           ready
           for
           a
           Combat
           ,
           you
           alwayes
           carry
           a
           spice
           of
           the
           Captain
           .
           It
           is
           ,
           Answered
           the
           Duke
           ,
           to
           serve
           the
           King
           our
           Soveraign
           Lord
           ,
           and
           your
           Majesty
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           that
           came
           up
           ,
           was
           
             Garcia
             de
             la
             Vega
          
           Lord
           of
           Cnerva
           ,
           who
           had
           been
           Embassadour
           from
           Ferdinand
           at
           Rome
           ,
           and
           graced
           with
           his
           favours
           in
           a
           large
           measure
           ;
           Ferdinand
           ,
           a
           perfect
           Master
           of
           the
           Art
           of
           Dissimulation
           (
           commonly
           called
           the
           Art
           of
           Reigning
           )
           perceived
           by
           the
           Bunching
           of
           his
           Cloaths
           that
           he
           wore
           close
           Armour
           underneath
           ,
           and
           Embracing
           him
           said
           ,
           Garcia
           ,
           you
           were
           not
           so
           Gross
           a
           few
           dayes
           ago
           ,
           you
           are
           grown
           fat
           on
           the
           sudden
           .
        
         
           These
           Embraces
           and
           Courtesies
           ,
           were
           smart
           Reproofs
           ,
           and
           cutting
           Exprobrations
           of
           their
           ingratitude
           ;
           and
           Ferdinand
           experimented
           in
           them
           ,
           that
           if
           the
           good
           fortune
           of
           the
           Court
           hath
           few
           sure
           Friends
           ,
           the
           ●ll
           fortune
           of
           it
           hath
           much
           fewer
           .
           Philip
           upon
           the
           fight
           of
           Ferdinand
           ,
           would
           have
           alighted
           ,
           but
           Ferdinand
           spurting
           his
           Male
           ,
           prayed
           him
           not
           to
           Dismount
           ;
           Philip
           with
           Hat
           in
           Hand
           ,
           desired
           Ferdinands
           Hand
           to
           Kiss
           ;
           Ferdinand
           spreads
           his
           Armes
           and
           Embraces
           him
           .
           Spain
           is
           so
           stored
           with
           Castles
           and
           fair
           Countrey-houses
           ,
           that
           in
           all
           that
           Road
           there
           was
           not
           one
           fit
           for
           the
           Conference
           of
           the
           two
           Kings
           which
           forced
           them
           to
           entertain
           one
           another
           in
           an
           Ermitage
           ;
           Ximenes
           followed
           them
           in
           ,
           and
           so
           did
           Don
           
             Manuel
             ,
             Philips
          
           Favourite
           .
           Ximenes
           seeing
           him
           enter
           ,
           sayes
           
           to
           him
           ;
           Don
           John
           ,
           their
           Majesties
           would
           be
           private
           ,
           Let
           's
           withdraw
           ,
           I
           will
           be
           Porter
           ,
           and
           keep
           the
           door
           for
           this
           time
           .
           Manuel
           goes
           out
           somewhat
           displeased
           ;
           Ximenes
           re-enters
           ,
           and
           having
           shut
           the
           Door
           ,
           sits
           down
           with
           the
           Kings
           :
           Ferdinands
           Counsels
           to
           Philip
           were
           the
           only
           entertainment
           of
           the
           Princes
           ,
           which
           were
           to
           this
           effect
           .
        
         
           My
           Son
           ,
           the
           weight
           of
           a
           Crown
           is
           so
           great
           ,
           that
           a
           good
           King
           cannot
           bear
           it
           without
           help
           ;
           and
           the
           Government
           of
           people
           requires
           such
           continual
           care
           and
           incessant
           travels
           ,
           that
           a
           Prince
           hath
           need
           of
           ease
           by
           persons
           of
           fidelity
           ,
           and
           capable
           to
           manage
           publick
           affairs
           ;
           and
           herein
           the
           unhappiness
           of
           Princes
           is
           remarkable
           ,
           that
           they
           find
           few
           who
           mind
           more
           the
           honour
           of
           the
           State
           than
           their
           own
           profit
           ,
           or
           study
           the
           interest
           of
           their
           Master
           ,
           more
           than
           their
           own
           private
           advantages
           .
           Take
           heed
           therefore
           ,
           my
           Son
           ,
           that
           you
           grant
           not
           to
           them
           you
           honour
           with
           your
           good
           will
           ,
           (
           commonly
           called
           Favourites
           )
           any
           thing
           to
           the
           prejudice
           of
           the
           people
           over
           whom
           God
           hath
           invested
           you
           with
           Soverain
           Authority
           ,
           whereof
           you
           must
           make
           good
           use
           ,
           and
           render
           him
           one
           day
           an
           account
           ,
           and
           undergo
           the
           sentence
           of
           an
           exact
           impartial
           Justice
           ,
           and
           abide
           the
           severity
           of
           its
           Judgement
           .
           Think
           not
           that
           such
           men
           are
           called
           without
           cause
           ,
           the
           Leeches
           of
           the
           Court
           ,
           who
           hanging
           still
           at
           the
           Eares
           of
           their
           Prince
           ,
           yet
           ungrateful
           to
           their
           Benefactour
           ,
           have
           by
           their
           insatiable
           avarice
           ,
           base
           flattery
           ,
           and
           monstrous
           ingratitude
           merited
           those
           names
           of
           infamy
           and
           reproach
           of
           the
           vices
           they
           are
           infected
           with
           .
           I
           had
           designed
           to
           have
           assisted
           you
           in
           the
           discharge
           of
           your
           Office
           ,
           knowing
           your
           Youth
           unexperienced
           
           in
           the
           Government
           of
           Kingdoms
           ;
           but
           since
           the
           great
           ones
           of
           Castile
           have
           perswaded
           you
           to
           the
           contrary
           ,
           I
           will
           retire
           ,
           and
           confine
           my
           cares
           to
           the
           Governmens
           of
           the
           States
           ,
           subject
           to
           the
           Crowns
           God
           hath
           given
           me
           :
           but
           shall
           make
           it
           my
           Prayer
           to
           God
           to
           give
           you
           the
           Graces
           ,
           and
           Forces
           necessary
           for
           great
           Kings
           ;
           and
           during
           my
           absence
           from
           you
           I
           leave
           you
           another
           Father
           ,
           who
           will
           be
           of
           no
           less
           use
           to
           you
           ,
           than
           if
           I
           were
           with
           you
           in
           person
           ,
           I
           mean
           my
           Lord
           Arch-bishop
           of
           Toledo
           here
           present
           ;
           the
           many
           proofs
           ,
           and
           evident
           testimonies
           I
           have
           had
           of
           his
           fidelity
           and
           experience
           give
           me
           cause
           to
           Assure
           you
           that
           a
           King
           cannot
           be
           wrecked
           in
           the
           Government
           of
           his
           State
           ,
           where
           he
           sits
           at
           the
           helm
           .
           May
           you
           believe
           his
           sage
           advice
           ,
           and
           gather
           the
           same
           fruits
           from
           his
           conduct
           as
           have
           given
           my
           name
           and
           that
           of
           Queen
           Isabel
           the
           reputation
           and
           glory
           of
           having
           happily
           governed
           Spain
           ;
           and
           to
           the
           inhabitants
           of
           these
           Kingdoms
           the
           felicity
           they
           enjoy
           .
        
         
           After
           this
           Enterview
           ,
           the
           Kings
           parted
           .
           Philip
           went
           to
           dinner
           at
           
             Bimo
             ,
             Ferdinand
          
           at
           Remefid
           ,
           and
           Simenes
           at
           Requete
           ,
           three
           little
           villages
           within
           half
           a
           league
           of
           the
           Ermitage
           ;
           but
           the
           advantage
           of
           accommodation
           ,
           was
           on
           Philip's
           part
           ,
           as
           feasted
           before
           dinner
           with
           the
           Royal
           Collation
           of
           Ferdinands
           entertainment
           :
           For
           the
           Sage
           advice
           ,
           for
           the
           Government
           of
           a
           Kingdom
           ,
           is
           a
           true
           aliment
           of
           Prince's
           spirit
           .
        
         
           The
           affairs
           of
           Castile
           ,
           were
           at
           this
           time
           carried
           according
           to
           the
           passion
           of
           the
           high
           Treasurer
           Don
           
             John
             Manuel
             ,
             Philips
          
           favorite
           ;
           and
           the
           Revenue
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           which
           is
           the
           blood
           of
           the
           people
           squandered
           away
           by
           him
           ;
           which
           
           highly
           displeased
           Ximenes
           :
           It
           hapned
           one
           day
           that
           Bertrand
           de
           Salto
           one
           of
           the
           Kings
           Treasurers
           ,
           who
           had
           formerly
           treated
           with
           Ximenes
           about
           several
           affairs
           ,
           in
           respect
           to
           him
           came
           to
           let
           him
           know
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           by
           advice
           of
           
             Don
             Mannel
          
           had
           farmed
           out
           the
           Revenue
           of
           the
           Silks
           of
           Granada
           for
           ten
           years
           at
           a
           price
           ;
           and
           that
           he
           had
           the
           Charters
           in
           his
           hand
           ready
           drawn
           ,
           to
           be
           delivered
           to
           the
           Seal
           ;
           Ximenes
           reads
           them
           ,
           and
           observing
           that
           they
           were
           much
           to
           the
           damage
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           tore
           them
           in
           pieces
           ;
           and
           gave
           the
           pieces
           to
           a
           page
           of
           his
           Chamber
           ,
           who
           stood
           behind
           him
           ,
           which
           are
           kept
           to
           this
           day
           among
           the
           records
           of
           Arcala
           ,
           for
           a
           monument
           of
           the
           couragious
           liberty
           of
           this
           Minister
           :
           then
           turning
           to
           the
           Treasurer
           ,
           Salto
           ,
           said
           he
           ,
           were
           you
           not
           one
           of
           my
           friends
           ,
           the
           King
           should
           cause
           your
           head
           to
           be
           taken
           off
           :
           Dare
           you
           make
           Grants
           so
           prejudicial
           to
           the
           State
           ?
           Then
           going
           to
           the
           Palace
           ,
           he
           informed
           Philip
           of
           this
           disorder
           ,
           and
           forced
           him
           to
           confess
           ,
           they
           had
           surprized
           him
           .
        
         
           This
           Prince
           began
           to
           relish
           the
           excellency
           of
           Ximenes
           counsels
           and
           fully
           resolved
           to
           live
           for
           the
           future
           in
           better
           correspondence
           with
           Ferdinand
           ,
           but
           was
           suddenly
           taken
           with
           a
           great
           sickness
           which
           with
           his
           life
           ended
           his
           troubles
           .
        
         
           Ferdinand
           was
           then
           in
           his
           voyage
           for
           Naples
           his
           new
           Conquest
           ;
           the
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           assembled
           in
           Ximenes
           Chamber
           to
           consult
           about
           the
           Government
           of
           Castile
           :
           divers
           opinions
           were
           hotly
           proposed
           .
           The
           Constable
           ,
           the
           Admiral
           ,
           and
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           ,
           advised
           to
           send
           speedily
           after
           King
           Ferdinand
           then
           at
           Sea
           ,
           and
           to
           desire
           his
           return
           into
           Spain
           to
           take
           the
           Government
           upon
           him
           .
           
           The
           Earl
           of
           Benevent
           ,
           the
           Marquess
           of
           Villena
           ,
           and
           the
           Dukes
           of
           Infantado
           ,
           and
           Najar
           ,
           contradicted
           this
           advice
           with
           so
           much
           passion
           ,
           that
           they
           came
           to
           high
           words
           with
           those
           that
           proposed
           it
           .
           Ximenes
           who
           had
           been
           all
           this
           while
           silent
           the
           better
           to
           discover
           the
           intention
           of
           both
           parties
           ,
           to
           prevent
           danger
           to
           the
           State
           by
           this
           Rupture
           ,
           and
           Divorce
           of
           Opinions
           ,
           and
           by
           Amusing
           the
           passion
           of
           the
           four
           last
           to
           divert
           and
           frustrate
           their
           designs
           of
           trouble
           ,
           spake
           as
           followeth
           ;
           My
           Lords
           ,
           King
           Ferdinand
           hath
           ruled
           these
           Kingdoms
           above
           forty
           years
           ,
           't
           is
           now
           high
           time
           he
           should
           govern
           his
           own
           ;
           since
           God
           hath
           given
           Castile
           men
           capable
           to
           Govern
           it
           ;
           and
           such
           as
           can
           give
           a
           good
           account
           of
           their
           Actions
           .
           The
           Assembly
           by
           common
           consent
           chose
           Ximenes
           ,
           the
           Constable
           of
           Castile
           ,
           and
           the
           Duke
           of
           Najar
           ,
           as
           a
           Triumnivat
           to
           Govern
           the
           State
           ,
           to
           be
           Guardians
           to
           the
           Queen
           ,
           and
           Tutors
           to
           Prince
           Charles
           ,
           afterwards
           Charles
           the
           fift
           .
           Ximenes
           informs
           the
           King
           of
           these
           passages
           ;
           and
           believing
           him
           to
           be
           then
           at
           Barcelona
           ,
           beseeches
           him
           to
           return
           into
           Castile
           .
           But
           the
           Courrier
           sound
           him
           at
           the
           Isle
           of
           Isbice
           ;
           and
           that
           having
           given
           Italy
           Advice
           of
           his
           voyage
           he
           held
           himself
           obliged
           to
           perform
           it
           .
           But
           in
           truth
           his
           vehement
           desires
           to
           see
           Gonsalves
           outed
           from
           Naples
           ,
           being
           the
           main
           occasion
           of
           the
           voyage
           ,
           would
           not
           permit
           him
           to
           return
           till
           he
           had
           seen
           it
           done
           .
           Therefore
           he
           writ
           to
           Ximenes
           to
           govern
           Spain
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           with
           the
           fidelity
           and
           integrity
           he
           alwayes
           found
           in
           him
           .
        
         
           Now
           Ximenes
           resolves
           to
           sit
           alone
           at
           the
           Helm
           ;
           and
           notwithstanding
           the
           resolutions
           of
           the
           aforesaid
           Assembly
           is
           by
           the
           Council-Royal
           chosen
           sole
           
           Guardian
           of
           the
           State
           ,
           the
           Queen
           and
           the
           Infant
           Charles
           :
           he
           puts
           himself
           immediately
           into
           the
           Posture
           of
           Governour
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           Raises
           and
           Armes
           Regiments
           of
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           for
           the
           Guards
           of
           the
           Princes
           and
           his
           own
           :
           The
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           astonished
           to
           see
           a
           man
           bred
           in
           a
           Cloyster
           use
           force
           ,
           and
           have
           recourse
           to
           Armes
           for
           Authorising
           his
           Conduct
           ,
           blamed
           him
           as
           a
           light
           spirited
           person
           ;
           But
           he
           who
           knew
           of
           what
           importance
           it
           was
           to
           Awe
           the
           factious
           ,
           and
           have
           forces
           in
           readiness
           to
           suppress
           innovations
           gave
           them
           leave
           to
           talk
           ,
           but
           prosecuted
           his
           design
           .
           Queen
           Joan
           by
           the
           Travails
           of
           Child-birth
           ,
           or
           rather
           (
           as
           't
           is
           said
           )
           by
           the
           Charmes
           ,
           and
           Inchantments
           with
           some
           poysonous
           druggs
           given
           her
           by
           a
           Flemish
           Lady
           ,
           King
           Philips
           Mistress
           had
           a
           great
           weakness
           in
           her
           senses
           ,
           and
           was
           much
           disordered
           in
           her
           rational
           faculty
           .
           This
           made
           her
           wander
           up
           and
           down
           the
           Countries
           ,
           quitting
           
             B
             —
             Burgos
          
           ;
           and
           great
           with
           Child
           taking
           a
           Journey
           to
           the
           Burrough
           of
           Benferriale
           where
           she
           was
           delivered
           of
           the
           Posthumous
           Princess
           Catharine
           afterwards
           marryed
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Portugal
           .
           While
           she
           lay
           In
           ,
           the
           Citizens
           of
           Medina
           took
           up
           Armes
           ,
           and
           being
           divided
           into
           two
           parties
           ,
           had
           brought
           the
           City
           to
           the
           brink
           of
           destruction
           :
           the
           Province
           of
           Granada
           was
           up
           in
           Armes
           at
           the
           same
           time
           ,
           and
           the
           Guards
           of
           the
           Sea-coste
           ,
           from
           Guards
           to
           Defend
           were
           become
           Enemies
           to
           Assault
           the
           Countrey
           :
           Ximenes
           by
           his
           prudence
           opposed
           the
           one
           ,
           contented
           the
           other
           ,
           and
           made
           all
           quiet
           again
           .
           Yet
           he
           was
           not
           in
           quiet
           ,
           for
           the
           Queen
           after
           Child-birth
           having
           recovered
           her
           strength
           ,
           but
           not
           her
           senses
           ,
           made
           him
           follow
           her
           through
           
           the
           Countrey
           to
           his
           great
           inconvenience
           by
           the
           incommodities
           he
           underwent
           ,
           in
           an
           Age
           fitter
           for
           repose
           ,
           than
           the
           Fatigues
           of
           the
           Court.
           This
           Princess
           could
           not
           be
           perswaded
           to
           Lodge
           any
           where
           but
           in
           the
           fields
           ,
           with
           the
           whole
           Court
           in
           Tents
           or
           in
           the
           Countrey
           Villages
           .
           Ximenes
           put
           her
           in
           mind
           how
           incommodious
           this
           was
           for
           her
           ,
           and
           and
           what
           disorder
           she
           put
           the
           whole
           Court
           in
           for
           want
           of
           Lodgings
           ;
           She
           answered
           ,
           a
           Widdow
           ought
           not
           to
           go
           into
           Towns
           ,
           but
           wander
           in
           the
           Fields
           ,
           and
           live
           in
           Villages
           .
           Thus
           she
           past
           from
           one
           Village
           to
           another
           ,
           carrying
           with
           her
           the
           body
           of
           her
           dead
           Husband
           Philip
           embalmed
           ,
           fancying
           she
           enjoyed
           his
           Person
           by
           the
           sight
           of
           his
           Carcase
           ,
           and
           causing
           it
           to
           be
           laid
           in
           the
           Parish
           Church
           of
           every
           Village
           she
           Lodged
           in
           ,
           with
           a
           Guard
           to
           keep
           constant
           Watch
           at
           the
           Coffin
           ,
           under
           a
           strict
           charge
           not
           to
           permit
           a
           Woman
           to
           approach
           it
           .
           So
           Jealous
           was
           she
           of
           a
           body
           without
           life
           ,
           and
           incapable
           then
           to
           raise
           these
           passions
           in
           the
           beholders
           which
           he
           had
           caused
           in
           his
           life
           time
           ,
           being
           possessed
           of
           those
           natural
           beauties
           ,
           and
           endued
           with
           goodness
           so
           excellent
           ,
           which
           charmed
           Ladies
           affections
           into
           a
           passionate
           Longing
           ,
           and
           men
           into
           an
           intire
           Love
           for
           him
           .
           This
           Princess
           fool'd
           with
           the
           Love
           of
           a
           Lump
           of
           dead
           flesh
           ,
           would
           by
           no
           means
           part
           with
           it
           till
           Ferdinand
           her
           Father
           returned
           from
           Italy
           ,
           caused
           it
           to
           be
           taken
           from
           her
           ,
           and
           buryed
           privately
           .
           The
           journeys
           she
           made
           were
           Noctural
           ,
           by
           Torch-light
           ;
           which
           occasioned
           many
           inconveniences
           by
           sickness
           amongst
           her
           retinue
           ;
           Loss
           of
           her
           Baggage
           and
           falls
           of
           those
           on
           Horse-back
           .
           Ximenes
           threw
           himself
           at
           her
           feet
           and
           begged
           on
           his
           Knees
           that
           
           since
           she
           was
           resolved
           to
           make
           the
           Court
           Errant
           and
           Itinerary
           ,
           she
           would
           at
           least
           Travel
           by
           day
           ,
           but
           she
           Wedded
           to
           her
           folly
           ,
           answered
           ,
           That
           a
           Woman
           having
           lost
           her
           Husband
           ,
           which
           is
           her
           Son
           ,
           ought
           to
           avoid
           the
           light
           of
           the
           Sun
           in
           the
           Firmament
           ,
           and
           make
           no
           journeys
           ,
           but
           by
           night
           .
           The
           art
           of
           a
           skilful
           Pilot
           is
           often
           of
           no
           use
           amidst
           the
           fury
           of
           the
           Windes
           and
           Waves
           :
           And
           the
           prudence
           and
           conduct
           of
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           are
           thrown
           away
           upon
           such
           Soveraings
           as
           are
           incapable
           of
           good
           Advice
           .
        
         
           During
           these
           extravagancies
           of
           Queen
           
             Joan
             ,
             Ferdinand
          
           returned
           from
           Italy
           with
           
             Germain
             de
             Foix
          
           his
           new
           Wife
           ;
           and
           tooke
           a
           voyage
           by
           Sea
           ,
           to
           Savona
           ,
           to
           see
           his
           Wives
           Uncle
           King
           Lewis
           the
           twelfth
           ;
           while
           he
           staid
           in
           Italy
           he
           obtained
           of
           Pope
           Julius
           the
           second
           a
           Cardinals
           Cap
           for
           Ximenes
           ,
           with
           the
           Tytle
           of
           Cardinal
           of
           Spain
           ;
           formerly
           given
           to
           Peter
           ,
           Cardinal
           Triasio
           ,
           under
           Henry
           the
           third
           ,
           and
           then
           to
           
             Peter
             Gonsalve
          
           Cardinal
           Mendoza
           ,
           under
           Ferdinand
           ,
           in
           token
           of
           the
           Popes
           especial
           favour
           .
           So
           that
           in
           the
           sequel
           of
           our
           Story
           we
           shall
           call
           Ximenes
           by
           the
           name
           of
           Cardinal
           .
           Together
           with
           this
           dignity
           he
           received
           that
           of
           Inquisitor
           General
           of
           Castile
           :
           for
           the
           Inquisition
           had
           of
           long
           time
           got
           firm
           footing
           in
           Spain
           ,
           having
           been
           introduced
           by
           Ferdinand
           and
           Isabel
           ,
           in
           the
           year
           1577.
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           mixture
           of
           Moors
           with
           Christians
           ,
           and
           the
           superstitions
           of
           the
           former
           ,
           deeply
           rooted
           in
           the
           heart
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           .
           The
           Rigour
           of
           this
           Ecclesiastical
           Justice
           struck
           terrour
           into
           ill
           Christians
           ,
           but
           was
           so
           far
           from
           making
           them
           better
           ,
           that
           it
           rendred
           them
           only
           more
           subtle
           and
           refined
           Hypocrites
           .
           
           Cardinal
           Mendoza
           was
           his
           immediate
           Predecessour
           in
           that
           Office
           ,
           and
           
             Thomas
             Torquemata
          
           superiour
           of
           the
           Covent
           of
           St.
           Dominick
           at
           Segovia
           the
           first
           that
           bore
           it
           .
           These
           new
           honours
           altered
           not
           the
           manners
           of
           Ximenes
           ;
           the
           Love
           of
           Learning
           and
           Advancement
           of
           vertue
           had
           still
           the
           same
           place
           in
           his
           soul
           ,
           and
           were
           Continued
           in
           their
           former
           Station
           .
           He
           finished
           his
           Colledge
           of
           Arcala
           ,
           constituted
           Laws
           and
           made
           Statutes
           for
           the
           regulation
           of
           it
           ,
           filled
           it
           with
           able
           Professours
           drawn
           from
           the
           famous
           Universities
           of
           
             Paris
             ,
             Salamanca
             ,
             Valadolid
             ,
             Bologina
             ,
          
           admitting
           none
           from
           meaner
           places
           ;
           endowing
           it
           with
           great
           Revenues
           ,
           adorned
           it
           with
           a
           rich
           Library
           ,
           and
           brought
           it
           to
           such
           perfection
           that
           Francis
           the
           first
           of
           France
           passing
           that
           way
           (
           when
           the
           fortune
           of
           Warr
           made
           him
           experimentally
           know
           good
           luck
           doth
           not
           alwayes
           attend
           the
           valorous
           )
           and
           seeing
           this
           admirable
           Colledge
           ,
           said
           ,
           that
           his
           University
           of
           Paris
           was
           the
           work
           of
           many
           Kings
           ;
           but
           Ximenes
           alone
           had
           Compleated
           a
           Royal
           work
           :
           Charles
           the
           fifth
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           Emperour
           being
           one
           day
           to
           hear
           Mass
           in
           the
           Colledge
           at
           Arcala
           ,
           quitted
           the
           Chair
           ,
           and
           Cloth
           of
           State
           provided
           for
           him
           at
           the
           high
           Altar
           ,
           and
           took
           his
           place
           in
           the
           Quire
           ,
           in
           the
           ordinary
           Seats
           of
           the
           Priests
           of
           the
           Colledge
           being
           for
           the
           most
           part
           publick
           Professours
           ;
           and
           all
           of
           them
           Learned
           men
           ,
           telling
           them
           ;
           he
           would
           not
           lose
           the
           glory
           of
           sitting
           that
           day
           among
           men
           of
           so
           great
           Learning
           ,
           and
           making
           one
           of
           the
           Quire
           with
           them
           .
           Such
           are
           the
           fruits
           of
           great
           Ministers
           ,
           Labours
           for
           vertue
           and
           the
           publick
           good
           ;
           future
           Ages
           reverence
           their
           names
           ;
           the
           Greatest
           Kings
           of
           the
           world
           
           admire
           their
           glory
           ,
           and
           think
           themselves
           honoured
           to
           be
           sometimes
           of
           the
           number
           of
           those
           who
           possess
           the
           Offices
           of
           Learning
           ,
           they
           have
           founded
           .
           Such
           is
           the
           Liberal
           Return
           of
           gratitude
           vertue
           makes
           to
           those
           who
           enlarge
           her
           Kingdome
           .
        
      
       
         
           CAP.
           VI.
           
        
         
           THE
           Spirit
           of
           Ximenes
           was
           not
           only
           great
           and
           high
           ,
           but
           Comprehensive
           and
           Capable
           of
           all
           Affairs
           ,
           those
           of
           Warr
           as
           well
           as
           peace
           found
           it
           a
           proper
           receptacle
           to
           entertain
           them
           both
           together
           :
           The
           same
           time
           that
           his
           thoughts
           were
           busily
           taken
           up
           with
           impression
           of
           Books
           founding
           Monasteries
           building
           Colledges
           ,
           endowing
           them
           with
           Revenues
           ,
           and
           furnishing
           them
           with
           Regents
           and
           Students
           he
           had
           in
           prospect
           the
           Warr
           of
           Africk
           ,
           formed
           designes
           and
           made
           preparations
           for
           it
           .
           When
           the
           Kingdom
           enjoyed
           a
           Secure
           peace
           ,
           and
           flourished
           in
           a
           deep
           repose
           ,
           and
           undisturbed
           tranquility
           ,
           he
           Levied
           Soldiers
           ,
           issued
           Commissions
           ,
           and
           provided
           moneys
           for
           the
           better
           Assurance
           of
           the
           State.
           It
           was
           his
           Maxime
           That
           the
           Spirits
           of
           men
           being
           naturally
           free
           ,
           cannot
           endure
           servitude
           and
           subjection
           ;
           but
           of
           force
           ,
           and
           compelled
           by
           necessity
           ;
           and
           he
           would
           often
           say
           ,
           That
           never
           Prince
           was
           feared
           abroad
           ,
           or
           honoured
           at
           home
           that
           had
           not
           levyed
           an
           Army
           ,
           and
           at
           least
           made
           all
           the
           preparatives
           requisite
           to
           carry
           on
           a
           Warr.
           
        
         
           The
           desire
           of
           extending
           Christianity
           into
           Africk
           ,
           and
           to
           free
           Spain
           from
           the
           incursions
           and
           
           Robberies
           of
           the
           Pyrats
           of
           that
           Countrey
           who
           were
           grown
           so
           bold
           as
           to
           Enter
           the
           Spanish
           Ports
           to
           Spoil
           and
           carry
           away
           the
           Vessels
           of
           Traffick
           engaged
           him
           in
           the
           enterprize
           of
           a
           Warr
           of
           such
           Consequence
           .
           There
           was
           at
           that
           time
           in
           the
           Court
           of
           Ferdinand
           a
           Venetian
           named
           
             Jerome
             Vianelli
          
           well
           versed
           in
           the
           Voyages
           of
           Africk
           ,
           having
           often
           Sailed
           those
           Seas
           ,
           that
           he
           knew
           perfectly
           all
           the
           Ports
           ,
           and
           safe
           Landing
           places
           on
           the
           Coast
           ;
           This
           man
           had
           intelligence
           of
           Ximenes
           design
           ,
           goes
           to
           him
           ,
           informs
           him
           of
           all
           the
           Avenues
           of
           the
           Coast
           ,
           and
           particularly
           the
           great
           Port
           of
           Mersalcabir
           near
           Oran
           ,
           capable
           to
           receive
           a
           very
           great
           Fleet
           :
           Ximenes
           hearkens
           to
           him
           ,
           and
           finding
           him
           serviceable
           for
           his
           designes
           ,
           prayed
           he
           would
           see
           him
           often
           ,
           and
           commanded
           his
           Porters
           to
           admit
           him
           at
           all
           times
           ,
           and
           give
           him
           Entrance
           as
           often
           as
           he
           desired
           it
           .
           By
           the
           constant
           mode
           of
           Courts
           ,
           it
           hath
           been
           alwayes
           difficult
           to
           get
           entrance
           to
           great
           Ministers
           of
           State
           ;
           which
           Custome
           ,
           as
           it
           preserves
           them
           from
           an
           infinite
           trouble
           of
           importunate
           persons
           ;
           so
           it
           deprives
           them
           of
           the
           knowledge
           of
           many
           persons
           of
           merit
           and
           worth
           ,
           whose
           generosity
           will
           not
           permit
           them
           to
           begg
           admittance
           from
           Servants
           ,
           and
           leave
           to
           enter
           from
           Grooms
           and
           Porters
           :
           And
           't
           is
           seldome
           seen
           that
           the
           persons
           imployed
           in
           these
           Services
           either
           keep
           out
           the
           former
           ,
           or
           admit
           the
           latter
           to
           their
           Masters
           presence
           .
           Vianelli
           having
           the
           priviledge
           of
           free
           access
           to
           Ximenes
           ,
           visits
           him
           often
           ,
           and
           acquaints
           him
           with
           what
           he
           had
           seen
           in
           
             Africk
             :
             Ximenes
          
           the
           better
           to
           comprehend
           what
           he
           said
           ,
           commands
           him
           not
           only
           to
           make
           a
           draught
           in
           Paper
           ,
           but
           to
           
           imprint
           in
           Wax
           the
           figures
           of
           the
           places
           .
           By
           this
           representation
           he
           saw
           a
           Castle
           scituate
           on
           a
           Rock
           almost
           inaccessible
           ,
           having
           a
           Lanthorn
           on
           one
           of
           the
           Towres
           ,
           not
           unlike
           the
           Grecian
           Phares
           to
           serve
           Marriners
           for
           a
           mark
           of
           direction
           how
           to
           steer
           their
           Course
           in
           dark
           nights
           ,
           to
           safe
           Harbour
           .
           This
           Castle
           had
           on
           one
           side
           the
           Port
           of
           Mersalcabir
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           other
           ,
           the
           City
           Oran
           ;
           called
           by
           the
           Moors
           Guharran
           ,
           which
           in
           their
           Languge
           signifies
           a
           high
           place
           ,
           and
           exposed
           to
           the
           Windes
           .
           The
           Etymology
           may
           be
           derived
           from
           the
           Greek
           Verb
           Oran
           ,
           which
           in
           that
           Language
           signifies
           to
           see
           :
           the
           height
           of
           the
           scituation
           gives
           an
           excellent
           prospect
           .
           It
           was
           in
           Ancient
           time
           a
           little
           Burrough
           ,
           but
           by
           frequency
           of
           Commerce
           and
           Traffick
           of
           Merchants
           ,
           was
           now
           grown
           to
           the
           greatness
           of
           a
           City
           ,
           enclosing
           within
           the
           Walls
           ,
           six
           thousand
           Houses
           ,
           several
           Mosques
           and
           Colledges
           ,
           some
           Hospitals
           ,
           and
           a
           great
           number
           of
           publick
           baths
           .
           The
           Sea
           washes
           it
           on
           one
           side
           ,
           the
           other
           side
           affords
           an
           excellent
           prospect
           over
           delicate
           Gardens
           ,
           and
           pleasant
           Fountains
           ,
           so
           plentifully
           embellishing
           the
           Countrey
           thereabouts
           ,
           that
           it
           Courts
           the
           spectators
           to
           taste
           of
           its
           pleasures
           .
        
         
           By
           the
           draught
           and
           representations
           of
           
             Vianelli
             ,
             Ximenes
          
           found
           it
           necessary
           in
           order
           to
           an
           Attempt
           on
           Africk
           to
           make
           himself
           master
           of
           Mersalcabir
           ,
           as
           the
           safest
           Port
           for
           entrance
           .
           Having
           thus
           projected
           a
           design
           for
           the
           good
           of
           Religion
           ,
           and
           Liberty
           of
           Spain
           ,
           he
           proposed
           the
           Execution
           to
           Ferdinand
           ,
           advising
           him
           to
           undertake
           the
           Warr
           ,
           as
           an
           enterprize
           he
           made
           appear
           no
           less
           profitable
           then
           Glorious
           .
           Ferdinand
           answered
           ,
           that
           the
           
           interest
           of
           Religion
           was
           so
           inseparable
           from
           that
           of
           his
           Crown
           ,
           that
           if
           there
           had
           been
           no
           Consideration
           to
           incline
           him
           to
           ingage
           in
           this
           Warr
           ,
           but
           the
           sole
           advantage
           to
           accrew
           to
           Religion
           ,
           the
           piety
           of
           the
           design
           was
           Motive
           enough
           to
           prevail
           with
           him
           to
           undertake
           it
           ;
           but
           that
           the
           vast
           Charges
           he
           had
           been
           at
           ,
           in
           the
           Warrs
           of
           Granada
           ,
           and
           his
           great
           expences
           in
           Italy
           ,
           had
           emptyed
           his
           Coffers
           ,
           and
           exhausted
           his
           Treasures
           ,
           which
           are
           the
           Sinnews
           of
           War
           ;
           and
           without
           which
           it
           cannot
           be
           maintained
           .
           Ximenes
           offers
           him
           money
           ,
           and
           Promises
           to
           Pay
           the
           Soldiers
           ,
           and
           Victual
           the
           Army
           for
           six
           Moneths
           ;
           so
           great
           a
           Mass
           of
           Treasure
           had
           this
           generous
           Prelate
           by
           frugal
           parsimony
           heaped
           up
           together
           from
           the
           Revenues
           of
           his
           Bishoprick
           :
           Upon
           this
           Offer
           ,
           the
           Warr
           against
           Africk
           was
           resolved
           on
           ;
           a
           Naval
           Army
           prepared
           ,
           and
           
             Diego
             Fernand
             de
             Cordova
          
           ,
           made
           Captain
           General
           ,
           who
           took
           with
           him
           several
           old
           ,
           experienced
           Commanders
           ;
           particularly
           
             Raymond
             Cordon
          
           Vice-Admiral
           of
           the
           Fleet
           ,
           and
           
             Diego
             de
             Vera
          
           ,
           Master
           of
           the
           Artillery
           ;
           Vianelli
           was
           a
           principal
           person
           amongst
           them
           ,
           as
           a
           guide
           to
           the
           Rest
           .
           The
           Fleet
           set
           sail
           from
           Malaga
           the
           fifth
           of
           September
           ,
           and
           about
           the
           fifteenth
           arrived
           at
           Mersalcabir
           ;
           the
           Moors
           Advertised
           by
           their
           Spyes
           ,
           were
           upon
           their
           Guard
           ,
           attending
           the
           appearance
           of
           the
           Fleet
           :
           they
           discover
           it
           ,
           and
           repair
           to
           the
           Port
           to
           hinder
           their
           Landing
           ;
           the
           Conflict
           was
           sharp
           ,
           and
           disputed
           hotly
           on
           both
           sides
           ;
           but
           maugre
           all
           the
           Resistance
           the
           Africans
           could
           make
           ,
           the
           Spaniards
           Landed
           ,
           and
           went
           to
           besiege
           the
           Castle
           ,
           which
           a●●●nds
           the
           Port
           ,
           (
           being
           that
           we
           spake
           of
           before
           in
           〈◊〉
           draughts
           )
           with
           a
           little
           Town
           ,
           
           well
           peopled
           ,
           environed
           with
           the
           Sea
           on
           all
           sides
           ,
           except
           the
           South
           .
           The
           King
           of
           Tremesen
           sent
           them
           a
           Succour
           of
           Moors
           and
           Numidians
           to
           raise
           the
           Siege
           ,
           but
           they
           were
           defeated
           by
           the
           valour
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           :
           Those
           of
           the
           Castle
           made
           stout
           defence
           ,
           till
           an
           unlucky
           accident
           quailed
           their
           Courage
           :
           The
           Captain
           of
           the
           Garrison
           ,
           a
           man
           of
           Valour
           and
           Repute
           among
           his
           Souldiers
           ,
           going
           round
           the
           Works
           to
           give
           Orders
           where
           necessary
           ,
           was
           struck
           dead
           upon
           the
           place
           ,
           with
           a
           Musquet
           shot
           out
           of
           a
           Spanish
           Ship.
           The
           Loss
           of
           this
           man
           astonished
           the
           Garrison
           ,
           and
           brought
           them
           to
           a
           Parley
           ,
           and
           promise
           of
           Surrender
           ,
           if
           they
           received
           not
           a
           more
           powerful
           Succour
           from
           Tremesen
           in
           three
           dayes
           :
           three
           dayes
           passed
           ,
           but
           no
           Succour
           came
           ;
           they
           desired
           three
           dayes
           more
           ,
           which
           was
           granted
           ,
           but
           no
           Succour
           appearing
           ,
           they
           yielded
           upon
           Terms
           of
           safety
           for
           the
           Lives
           of
           Men
           ,
           Women
           and
           Children
           ;
           and
           liberty
           to
           enjoy
           what
           they
           could
           carry
           on
           their
           backs
           ;
           which
           being
           agreed
           to
           by
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           they
           opened
           their
           Gates
           .
        
         
           
             Diego
             Fernand
          
           a
           Religious
           observer
           of
           his
           Word
           and
           Promises
           ,
           to
           see
           the
           Articles
           of
           the
           Capitulation
           performed
           ,
           stands
           at
           the
           Gates
           where
           the
           Moors
           passed
           out
           of
           the
           Castle
           .
           A
           Soldier
           casting
           his
           eye
           on
           an
           African
           Woman
           in
           the
           Crowd
           laden
           with
           the
           Riches
           of
           Fortune
           and
           Nature
           being
           extreamly
           handsome
           and
           Carrying
           with
           her
           the
           most
           precious
           of
           her
           Goods
           ,
           was
           violently
           hurryed
           by
           the
           blind
           passions
           of
           Avarice
           and
           Love
           to
           Rob
           and
           Ravish
           her
           ;
           Diego
           forthwith
           seized
           him
           ,
           and
           caused
           him
           immediately
           to
           be
           killed
           with
           push
           of
           Pike
           .
        
         
         
           Thus
           the
           Spaniards
           became
           Masters
           of
           the
           Fort
           within
           fifty
           dayes
           after
           their
           leaving
           Malaga
           ,
           and
           sent
           a
           Gally
           to
           Spain
           ,
           to
           carry
           Ferdinand
           and
           Ximenes
           the
           joyful
           news
           of
           their
           Victory
           which
           was
           gladly
           received
           by
           the
           whole
           Court
           ,
           especially
           by
           Ximenes
           who
           caused
           publick
           thanks
           giving
           to
           God
           to
           be
           continued
           for
           the
           Victory
           eight
           dayes
           together
           .
           The
           designes
           of
           Warr
           and
           of
           Armies
           ,
           depends
           on
           Kings
           ,
           but
           't
           is
           God
           alone
           who
           gives
           the
           Victory
           .
        
         
           The
           taking
           of
           the
           Castle
           of
           Mersalcabir
           strook
           such
           terrour
           into
           the
           inhabitants
           of
           Oran
           ,
           that
           many
           left
           the
           City
           and
           retyred
           to
           Tremesen
           :
           But
           Oran
           continuing
           for
           some
           time
           free
           from
           the
           Assaults
           of
           Spain
           they
           took
           the
           resolution
           to
           return
           ;
           and
           being
           on
           their
           way
           near
           the
           Town
           ,
           they
           met
           a
           Moor
           of
           the
           best
           quality
           and
           State
           in
           Oran
           ,
           on
           his
           way
           from
           thence
           to
           Tremisen
           ,
           with
           a
           Camel
           laden
           with
           Gold
           upon
           sight
           whereof
           they
           were
           seized
           with
           such
           a
           panique
           fear
           ,
           that
           they
           turned
           again
           for
           Tremisen
           ;
           So
           powerful
           are
           Riches
           to
           Attract
           men
           to
           the
           place
           of
           their
           residence
           .
           The
           Spaniards
           wanting
           money
           to
           carry
           on
           the
           Warr
           ,
           had
           other
           designs
           ;
           for
           
             Diego
             Fernando
          
           having
           picked
           out
           the
           best
           of
           the
           Soldiers
           for
           the
           garrison
           of
           Mersalcabir
           sent
           the
           rest
           back
           into
           Spain
           ,
           holding
           it
           vain
           to
           attack
           Oran
           without
           greater
           forces
           .
           The
           Town
           being
           almost
           impregnable
           by
           the
           strength
           of
           its
           scituation
           ,
           Arms
           and
           Men.
           
        
         
           At
           the
           return
           of
           the
           Army
           into
           
             Spain
             ,
             Peter
             Lopez
             H●rosio
          
           ,
           a
           man
           of
           Valour
           ,
           and
           one
           of
           the
           Captains
           in
           the
           Warr
           ,
           presented
           Ximenes
           with
           a
           staff
           of
           Ebony
           accurately
           turned
           ,
           and
           curiously
           Polished
           which
           the
           Cadyor
           ,
           Judge
           of
           the
           Fortress
           ,
           
           used
           to
           carry
           as
           the
           mark
           of
           his
           Soveraignty
           .
           Ximenes
           for
           some
           time
           carryed
           it
           in
           his
           hand
           ,
           but
           afterwards
           dedicated
           it
           to
           his
           Academy
           of
           Arcala
           ,
           in
           memory
           of
           so
           important
           a
           Victory
           ,
           and
           with
           good
           reason
           ;
           for
           if
           Letters
           give
           Life
           to
           the
           brave
           Actions
           of
           men
           ,
           't
           is
           Just
           the
           Trophies
           and
           Monuments
           of
           those
           Actions
           be
           Consecrated
           to
           them
           .
           
             Diego
             Fernando
          
           was
           recalled
           into
           Spain
           ,
           Received
           graciously
           by
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           praised
           openly
           by
           Ximenes
           in
           his
           Masters
           presence
           from
           whom
           he
           had
           a
           grant
           by
           Patent
           of
           the
           Government
           of
           Mersalcabir
           ,
           as
           Conquered
           by
           his
           Valour
           and
           good
           Conduct
           :
           The
           Lieutenancy
           was
           given
           to
           Driasio
           a
           person
           of
           great
           Courage
           ,
           whom
           the
           King
           sent
           into
           Africk
           ,
           retaining
           Diego
           at
           Court.
           
        
         
           No
           sooner
           was
           this
           Lieutenant
           arrived
           at
           Mersalcabir
           ,
           but
           he
           made
           the
           Moors
           sensible
           of
           his
           Valour
           ,
           making
           daily
           inrodes
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           carrying
           rich
           booties
           of
           Horses
           ,
           Cattle
           ,
           and
           Corn
           from
           the
           Countrey
           thereabouts
           ;
           so
           that
           provoked
           by
           these
           incursions
           and
           the
           miseries
           he
           reduced
           them
           to
           ;
           they
           resolved
           to
           destroy
           him
           ,
           or
           perish
           themselves
           in
           the
           Attempt
           ;
           and
           to
           that
           purpose
           laid
           an
           Ambuscade
           for
           him
           ;
           Driasio
           seeing
           himself
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           his
           Enemies
           ,
           and
           over-powred
           ,
           his
           passage
           to
           the
           Garrison
           stopped
           ,
           resolves
           to
           dye
           as
           he
           had
           Lived
           ,
           a
           valiant
           man
           :
           exhorts
           his
           Soldiers
           to
           sell
           their
           Lives
           dearly
           to
           their
           Enemies
           ,
           and
           not
           Cowardly
           give
           them
           away
           .
           They
           obey
           and
           follow
           him
           ;
           and
           
             Roderich
             Driasio
          
           with
           his
           men
           hewes
           his
           way
           through
           the
           Moors
           ,
           beats
           ,
           defeats
           and
           Routes
           them
           ,
           Leaving
           a
           notable
           example
           of
           his
           Courage
           and
           strength
           remaining
           fresh
           
           in
           memory
           with
           the
           Moors
           to
           this
           day
           ,
           for
           pursuing
           with
           Javelin
           in
           hand
           ,
           a
           Moor
           on
           Horseback
           who
           fled
           from
           him
           ,
           he
           violently
           darted
           the
           Javelin
           with
           such
           force
           and
           vehemence
           ,
           that
           at
           one
           blow
           it
           pierced
           through
           and
           through
           the
           body
           of
           the
           Horse-man
           ,
           the
           Bow
           of
           the
           Saddle
           ,
           and
           the
           Neck
           of
           the
           Horse
           ;
           which
           hath
           begot
           a
           Proverb
           among
           the
           Moors
           ,
           who
           when
           they
           Curse
           one
           another
           in
           the
           Warrs
           ,
           to
           express
           their
           Cholar
           in
           a
           Phrase
           of
           superlative
           bitterness
           ,
           pray
           The
           Blow
           of
           the
           Captain
           of
           Mersalcabir
           light
           on
           them
           .
           All
           this
           was
           done
           before
           Philips
           Arrival
           into
           Spain
           ,
           and
           is
           transposed
           hither
           to
           preserve
           the
           past
           pieces
           of
           this
           Story
           intire
           without
           mangling
           it
           by
           interruption
           by
           the
           recital
           of
           this
           .
        
      
       
         
           CAP.
           VII
           .
        
         
           THE
           same
           Year
           that
           Ferdinand
           returned
           into
           Spain
           ,
           and
           Ximenes
           received
           the
           Cardinals
           Cap
           ,
           the
           Moors
           not
           tamed
           by
           the
           Loss
           of
           Mersalcabir
           came
           a
           Cruising
           on
           the
           Coasts
           of
           Spain
           ,
           took
           a
           strong
           Town
           ,
           put
           to
           the
           Sword
           men
           Women
           and
           Children
           ;
           and
           elevated
           with
           this
           Success
           at
           their
           return
           into
           Africk
           ,
           threatned
           to
           besiege
           Roderich
           ,
           and
           hew
           him
           pieces
           in
           his
           Castle
           .
           Cardinal
           Ximenes
           fully
           resolved
           to
           Continue
           the
           Warr
           ,
           and
           to
           expedite
           the
           prosecution
           ,
           designed
           to
           go
           in
           person
           if
           Ferdinand
           refused
           it
           ,
           and
           made
           overtures
           and
           proposals
           in
           Council
           to
           that
           effect
           .
           This
           awakened
           the
           envy
           of
           his
           Enemies
           ,
           and
           afforded
           all
           Spain
           matter
           of
           Discourse
           as
           various
           
           the
           passions
           of
           men
           .
           The
           great
           ones
           in
           Council
           were
           of
           Contrary
           Opinions
           ;
           and
           said
           abroad
           that
           the
           Ambition
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           was
           immense
           and
           extravagant
           ;
           that
           his
           condition
           suited
           not
           with
           Armes
           ,
           but
           peace
           ;
           that
           nothing
           could
           be
           more
           abominable
           then
           for
           a
           Priest
           ,
           a
           Monk
           ,
           an
           Arch-bishop
           ,
           a
           Cardinal
           ,
           to
           breath
           nothing
           but
           War
           and
           Blood-shed
           ,
           and
           desire
           to
           embrew
           his
           hands
           in
           the
           blood
           of
           slaughtered
           men
           .
           That
           the
           Exchange
           would
           be
           no
           less
           ridiculous
           than
           strange
           for
           him
           instead
           of
           lifting
           his
           Cross
           ,
           to
           Trayle
           a
           Pyke
           ;
           and
           laying
           aside
           his
           Mitre
           to
           put
           on
           a
           Helmet
           ;
           Gonsalve
           who
           had
           gained
           the
           name
           of
           Great
           ,
           in
           the
           Conquest
           of
           Naples
           ,
           was
           then
           in
           Spain
           ,
           brought
           thither
           by
           Ferdinand
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           Authority
           his
           Actions
           had
           acquired
           him
           ,
           which
           was
           so
           great
           that
           it
           Created
           Jealousies
           and
           Suspicions
           in
           the
           Breast
           of
           the
           King
           against
           Gonsalve
           for
           his
           Valour
           and
           Victories
           .
           So
           Dangerous
           is
           the
           nature
           of
           the
           Affairs
           of
           Fortune
           ,
           and
           of
           Court
           ;
           ill
           Service
           deserves
           punishment
           ,
           and
           good
           Service
           by
           the
           envy
           of
           the
           great
           Ones
           ,
           and
           Jealousie
           of
           the
           Master
           .
           Gonsalves
           was
           then
           at
           Valladolid
           ,
           under
           an
           Ostracism
           in
           his
           ow●
           Countrey
           .
           But
           the
           name
           of
           great
           men
           cannot
           dye
           ,
           and
           his
           hath
           gotten
           immortal
           glory
           abroad
           ,
           and
           a
           singular
           Reverence
           in
           the
           Territories
           of
           Spain
           .
           The
           Histories
           of
           Spain
           afford
           frequent
           instances
           of
           respect
           to
           Gonsalve's
           from
           the
           Spaniards
           in
           General
           ,
           and
           the
           particular
           honours
           done
           him
           by
           the
           Cardinal
           .
           But
           amongst
           others
           ,
           't
           is
           remarkable
           that
           after
           the
           Warrs
           of
           Granada
           ,
           a
           Prince
           of
           the
           Blood-Royal
           of
           the
           Moors
           named
           Zegri
           ,
           neer
           Kinsman
           to
           the
           famous
           King
           Abenamar
           having
           
           forsaken
           the
           Errours
           of
           Mahomet
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           pains
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           embraced
           the
           faith
           of
           Christ
           ;
           when
           he
           came
           to
           the
           Font
           ,
           prayed
           his
           God-fathers
           to
           give
           him
           the
           Name
           of
           
             Gonsalve
             Fernando
             Zegri
          
           ,
           telling
           them
           he
           desired
           with
           the
           Spiritual
           Grace
           of
           Baptism
           to
           receive
           that
           of
           the
           name
           of
           the
           great
           Captain
           Gonsalve
           ,
           whose
           valour
           he
           had
           so
           frequent
           experience
           of
           in
           the
           Warrs
           of
           Granada
           against
           this
           Nation
           .
        
         
           To
           resume
           our
           Discourse
           of
           the
           Cardinals
           Enemies
           ,
           they
           were
           very
           Comical
           in
           the
           expressions
           of
           their
           Envy
           ,
           saying
           at
           Court
           that
           the
           great
           Captain
           was
           busie
           turning
           over
           his
           Beads
           at
           Valladolid
           ,
           while
           the
           Cardinal
           was
           commanding
           Armies
           .
           That
           Gonsalves
           did
           the
           Cardinals
           business
           ,
           and
           the
           Cardinal
           Gonsalves
           .
           The
           more
           moderate
           said
           ,
           that
           in
           Warrs
           for
           Religion
           the
           Arch
           bishops
           of
           Toledo
           had
           alwayes
           taken
           care
           of
           the
           Armies
           imployed
           against
           the
           Enemies
           of
           the
           faith
           .
           And
           that
           't
           was
           no
           new
           thing
           to
           see
           Priests
           on
           Horse-back
           in
           the
           head
           of
           an
           Army
           :
           Others
           who
           pretended
           to
           a
           clearer
           insight
           into
           th'
           Affairs
           of
           Court
           ,
           and
           used
           to
           Comment
           upon
           the
           News
           of
           the
           time
           ,
           said
           ,
           it
           was
           the
           Cardinals
           design
           to
           send
           away
           all
           the
           Nobles
           of
           Spain
           ,
           into
           the
           Warrs
           of
           Africk
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           Govern
           at
           home
           without
           Contradiction
           .
           That
           he
           could
           not
           be
           better
           fitted
           for
           punishment
           than
           to
           grant
           him
           his
           desire
           of
           being
           General
           of
           the
           Army
           ,
           and
           sending
           him
           over
           into
           Africk
           ,
           and
           so
           remove
           him
           from
           Court
           ,
           
             For
             then
             out
             of
             sight
             out
             of
             mind
             .
          
           The
           business
           of
           Government
           is
           very
           painful
           and
           difficult
           ,
           that
           great
           Ministers
           besides
           prudence
           in
           Conduct
           have
           need
           of
           a
           Generous
           patience
           
           to
           resist
           the
           Envy
           and
           Calumnies
           of
           the
           Court.
           
        
         
           Ferdinand
           who
           knew
           the
           integrity
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           (
           better
           than
           all
           the
           world
           beside
           )
           judged
           more
           equitably
           ,
           heard
           his
           Advice
           ,
           weighed
           ,
           received
           and
           embraced
           it
           ,
           gave
           him
           thanks
           that
           for
           the
           good
           of
           Religion
           ,
           and
           Service
           of
           his
           Kingdoms
           ,
           he
           would
           expose
           himself
           to
           the
           toyles
           and
           hazards
           of
           Warr
           in
           an
           Age
           that
           required
           nothing
           more
           than
           the
           repose
           and
           quiet
           of
           peace
           ;
           the
           Cardinal
           being
           then
           seventy
           years
           old
           :
           Ferdinand
           commands
           the
           Captain
           of
           the
           Gallies
           ,
           and
           the
           Admiral
           ,
           to
           fit
           up
           the
           Gallies
           and
           Vessels
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           to
           be
           ready
           at
           Malaga
           ,
           or
           
             Nova
             Carthagena
          
           ▪
           as
           the
           Cardinal
           should
           direct
           .
           The
           Captains
           of
           the
           Ships
           ,
           the
           Officers
           of
           the
           Marine
           ,
           the
           Commissaries
           of
           Victuals
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           Army
           betake
           themselves
           every
           man
           to
           the
           duty
           of
           his
           charge
           ,
           with
           great
           diligence
           and
           expedition
           to
           fit
           and
           make
           ready
           the
           Vessels
           ,
           Men
           ,
           Victuals
           and
           Ammunition
           .
        
         
           The
           great
           Gonsalve
           advised
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           imploy
           in
           this
           Warr
           Peter
           of
           Navarr
           Earl
           of
           Olivarez
           a
           person
           of
           quality
           ,
           valour
           and
           experience
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           him
           his
           Lieutenant
           General
           of
           the
           Army
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           upon
           his
           Recommendation
           calls
           Navarr
           to
           him
           ;
           and
           makes
           him
           Lieutenant
           General
           .
           On
           the
           other
           side
           the
           Commissaries
           for
           Victuals
           ,
           and
           those
           of
           the
           Navy
           ,
           the
           Treasurers
           and
           Paymasters
           of
           the
           Soldiers
           ,
           either
           guided
           by
           the
           Cardinals
           Enemies
           ,
           or
           loving
           Spain
           more
           than
           Voyages
           into
           Africk
           ,
           slacken
           their
           former
           diligence
           ,
           and
           to
           their
           utmost
           power
           retard
           the
           fitting
           of
           the
           Fleet
           ,
           by
           diverting
           the
           
           Soldiers
           pay
           to
           other
           uses
           and
           consuming
           the
           Bisket
           provided
           for
           the
           Ships
           :
           The
           Counsellors
           of
           state
           opposed
           the
           Cardinal
           in
           his
           Discourses
           of
           the
           Warr
           ,
           and
           advice
           for
           setting
           out
           the
           fleet
           ,
           alledging
           the
           Winter
           season
           was
           too
           rigorous
           and
           not
           yet
           over
           ;
           when
           Winter
           was
           past
           ,
           they
           said
           the
           heat
           of
           Summer
           drew
           on
           ,
           and
           would
           be
           more
           insupportable
           to
           the
           Soldiers
           ,
           than
           the
           Assaults
           of
           the
           Moors
           :
           The
           Army
           this
           while
           mouldred
           away
           ,
           and
           was
           like
           in
           short
           time
           to
           come
           to
           nothing
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           had
           beat
           his
           Drumms
           throughout
           Spain
           ,
           and
           made
           Europe
           and
           Africk
           ring
           of
           his
           design
           .
           The
           preparations
           he
           had
           made
           were
           great
           ,
           and
           if
           not
           attended
           with
           effects
           suitable
           ,
           would
           have
           proved
           the
           travels
           of
           the
           Mountains
           that
           brought
           forth
           a
           Mouse
           .
           All
           the
           World
           was
           against
           him
           ,
           only
           the
           King
           had
           not
           declared
           himself
           upon
           the
           advices
           given
           him
           .
           He
           Addressed
           himself
           to
           the
           King
           by
           a
           Letter
           from
           Carthagene
           ,
           intreated
           him
           by
           the
           many
           travels
           and
           great
           Labours
           he
           had
           endured
           in
           the
           administration
           of
           the
           Affairs
           wherewith
           he
           had
           honoured
           him
           ,
           for
           the
           interest
           of
           Religion
           and
           the
           Love
           of
           God
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           not
           suffer
           so
           compleat
           an
           Army
           ,
           and
           so
           great
           preparations
           for
           Warr
           to
           perish
           unprofitably
           ;
           that
           the
           designes
           of
           those
           who
           envyed
           him
           ,
           tended
           to
           the
           diminution
           of
           his
           Royal
           Glory
           ,
           only
           to
           make
           him
           incurr
           the
           blame
           of
           Temerity
           ;
           he
           declared
           to
           him
           the
           facility
           of
           the
           enterprize
           ,
           and
           the
           treasure
           he
           had
           provided
           for
           it
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           of
           his
           own
           sufficient
           to
           pay
           the
           Army
           three
           moneths
           :
           And
           if
           it
           should
           be
           his
           ill
           fortune
           to
           see
           his
           designes
           shamefully
           frustrated
           ,
           and
           the
           Army
           disbanded
           ,
           that
           
           his
           Majesty
           would
           be
           pleased
           to
           grant
           him
           leave
           to
           retire
           to
           his
           house
           at
           Toledo
           ,
           where
           he
           would
           endeavour
           by
           Exhortations
           and
           Sermons
           to
           make
           Warr
           against
           Vice
           in
           his
           Diocess
           .
           The
           King
           who
           had
           a
           value
           for
           his
           person
           ,
           and
           Judged
           him
           necessary
           for
           Spain
           ,
           gave
           him
           the
           satisfaction
           he
           desired
           ,
           slighted
           the
           Counsels
           of
           his
           Enemies
           ,
           gave
           him
           order
           to
           set
           Sail
           ,
           and
           commanded
           the
           whole
           Army
           to
           attend
           him
           the
           next
           Spring
           ,
           being
           the
           year
           1508.
           
           But
           though
           these
           obstacles
           were
           overcome
           by
           the
           Courage
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           and
           Authority
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           there
           sprung
           up
           new
           to
           retard
           his
           designes
           and
           stay
           him
           at
           Carthagene
           .
           For
           just
           as
           he
           was
           to
           put
           his
           men
           on
           Board
           ,
           the
           Soldiers
           mutinyed
           ,
           fled
           from
           their
           Colours
           ,
           and
           drew
           to
           the
           hills
           neer
           the
           Sea
           :
           The
           occasion
           was
           this
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           had
           ordered
           that
           the
           Muster
           of
           the
           Army
           should
           be
           in
           Africk
           at
           their
           first
           Landing
           :
           And
           to
           prevent
           the
           Pilleries
           practised
           by
           the
           Captains
           on
           their
           Companies
           that
           every
           Soldier
           should
           receive
           his
           pay
           immediately
           from
           the
           Treasurers
           .
           Peter
           of
           Navar
           accustomed
           to
           the
           rapines
           of
           the
           Warrs
           in
           Italy
           ,
           liked
           not
           this
           order
           ,
           and
           gave
           notice
           thereof
           under
           hand
           to
           the
           Captains
           ,
           who
           disguising
           the
           matter
           ,
           and
           setting
           it
           out
           to
           disadvantage
           before
           the
           Soldiers
           ,
           caused
           them
           to
           disband
           .
           Vianelli
           who
           was
           of
           Authority
           in
           the
           Army
           ,
           instead
           of
           appeasing
           the
           sedition
           ,
           inflamed
           it
           ;
           holding
           close
           intelligence
           with
           Navarr
           ,
           and
           having
           resolved
           with
           him
           to
           drive
           on
           the
           Mutiny
           to
           the
           last
           point
           of
           despair
           .
        
         
           In
           order
           to
           this
           he
           caused
           all
           the
           Mutineers
           he
           
           he
           could
           Light
           on
           to
           be
           presently
           hanged
           up
           ;
           and
           by
           colour
           of
           doing
           Justice
           put
           those
           on
           the
           hills
           in
           a
           desperate
           fury
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           seeing
           the
           remedy
           worse
           than
           the
           Disease
           sends
           Villaroel
           Governour
           of
           Castocle
           to
           command
           Vianelli
           to
           proceed
           with
           more
           gentleness
           ,
           and
           not
           destroy
           those
           men
           who
           were
           necessary
           for
           the
           Warr
           they
           were
           to
           make
           .
           Vianelli's
           pride
           made
           him
           take
           this
           in
           ill
           part
           ,
           and
           Answer
           ,
           he
           knew
           better
           than
           the
           Cardinal
           or
           him
           how
           the
           mutinies
           of
           Soldiers
           were
           to
           be
           appeased
           .
           Villaroel
           layes
           his
           hand
           on
           his
           Sword
           ,
           strikes
           ,
           and
           wounds
           him
           in
           the
           head
           ;
           and
           retires
           into
           the
           Citadel
           of
           Carthagene
           ,
           under
           the
           command
           of
           his
           Kinsman
           .
           This
           delay'd
           the
           setting
           out
           of
           the
           Fleet
           ;
           for
           Vianelli
           being
           the
           principal
           guide
           of
           the
           Voyage
           ,
           it
           was
           necessary
           to
           attend
           his
           Cure
           ,
           as
           to
           appease
           the
           mutiny
           of
           the
           Soldiers
           .
           To
           effect
           this
           the
           Cardinal
           employes
           Captain
           Salazar
           Campmaster
           of
           the
           Regiment
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           a
           great
           Warrier
           ,
           Eminent
           in
           Soldierly
           Eloquence
           and
           powerful
           in
           Military
           perswasion
           .
           He
           goes
           to
           the
           Soldiers
           ,
           tells
           them
           the
           Muster
           was
           to
           be
           taken
           Aboard
           the
           Gally-Royal
           ,
           perswades
           them
           to
           come
           to
           it
           ,
           shews
           them
           baggs
           of
           Money
           ,
           crowned
           with
           green
           Boughes
           carryed
           in
           their
           fight
           on
           the
           Shore
           at
           some
           distance
           from
           the
           hill
           towards
           the
           Gally
           :
           the
           Mutineers
           at
           sight
           of
           the
           money
           haste
           down
           as
           Hawkes
           to
           the
           Lure
           .
           By
           this
           Artifice
           they
           were
           imbarqued
           ,
           and
           set
           Sail
           from
           Carthagene
           the
           15th
           .
           of
           May
           with
           24
           Ships
           ,
           ten
           Gallyes
           ,
           and
           a
           great
           number
           of
           smaller
           Vessels
           .
           The
           Army
           was
           composed
           of
           ten
           thousand
           foot
           ,
           and
           four
           thousand
           horse
           .
           On
           Ascension
           Eve
           they
           came
           
           happily
           to
           Anchor
           on
           the
           Coast
           of
           Africk
           .
           At
           their
           Landing
           the
           Cardinal
           was
           Cloathed
           in
           a
           long
           Vest
           of
           the
           Habit
           of
           his
           Order
           ,
           with
           a
           Cross
           of
           Silver
           carryed
           before
           him
           by
           a
           Cordelier
           of
           a
           monstrous
           stature
           ,
           mounted
           on
           a
           white
           beast
           ,
           his
           Sword
           by
           his
           side
           ,
           girt
           upon
           his
           Robe
           .
           Others
           of
           the
           Older
           who
           accompanied
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           were
           habited
           alike
           with
           long
           Robes
           and
           Swords
           .
           With
           this
           Retinue
           he
           retires
           into
           the
           Castle
           of
           Mersalcabir
           ,
           to
           Rest
           and
           Refresh
           himself
           .
           News
           was
           brought
           him
           that
           Navarr
           had
           Landed
           the
           Foot
           ,
           but
           left
           the
           Horse
           on
           Board
           as
           useless
           on
           this
           Coast
           being
           full
           of
           Hills
           and
           Rocks
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           goes
           to
           the
           Port
           ,
           and
           commands
           all
           the
           Cavalry
           ashore
           :
           To
           this
           Act
           the
           whole
           Army
           owed
           their
           safety
           in
           several
           Engagements
           with
           the
           Moors
           wherein
           the
           Cavalry
           sheltered
           the
           Foot
           from
           Ruine
           and
           Defeat
           .
           The
           Army
           was
           drawn
           no
           in
           four
           Batallions
           ,
           and
           the
           Soldiers
           commanded
           by
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           fit
           themselves
           for
           fight
           ,
           by
           taking
           their
           Repast
           before
           they
           Engaged
           :
           Their
           provision
           of
           Victuals
           consisted
           most
           of
           Bread
           ,
           Bacon
           and
           salt
           Meats
           ,
           and
           the
           Cardinal
           dispensing
           with
           the
           abstinence
           of
           the
           day
           ,
           being
           Friday
           ,
           gave
           them
           liberty
           to
           eat
           thereof
           ;
           and
           after
           their
           repast
           exhorted
           them
           to
           fight
           Couragiously
           for
           the
           service
           of
           God
           and
           their
           King.
           This
           done
           ,
           the
           Principal
           Officers
           intreated
           him
           to
           withdraw
           into
           the
           Fortress
           ,
           the
           feebleness
           of
           his
           Age
           inclined
           him
           to
           consent
           ,
           and
           being
           Conducted
           into
           the
           Castle
           he
           retyred
           into
           St.
           Michaels
           Chappel
           to
           fight
           against
           the
           Moors
           by
           Prayers
           to
           God
           being
           disabled
           by
           Age
           for
           manual
           Combats
           .
        
         
           The
           Infidels
           discovering
           the
           Approach
           of
           the
           
           Army
           were
           ready
           for
           battle
           ,
           and
           for
           better
           advantage
           had
           possessed
           themselves
           of
           a
           little
           hill
           where
           the
           Army
           must
           of
           necessity
           have
           passed
           to
           attaque
           
             Oran
             ;
             Peter
          
           of
           Navarr
           seeing
           this
           Post
           taken
           by
           the
           Enemy
           was
           in
           doubt
           what
           to
           do
           ,
           and
           goes
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           for
           Advice
           ,
           who
           having
           heard
           him
           ,
           answered
           in
           short
           ,
           
             Fight
             ,
             God
             will
             be
             your
             Leader
          
           ;
           with
           this
           Answer
           he
           returns
           ,
           and
           sets
           upon
           the
           hill
           ,
           where
           in
           effect
           he
           made
           no
           progress
           but
           in
           the
           Loss
           of
           his
           men
           ,
           and
           those
           ,
           the
           flowre
           of
           his
           Troops
           ,
           whom
           the
           Moors
           slew
           in
           great
           numbers
           ;
           Cut
           of
           their
           heads
           ,
           and
           sent
           them
           to
           Oran
           to
           be
           carryed
           in
           Triumph
           through
           the
           Streets
           ;
           where
           Women
           ,
           and
           Children
           ,
           who
           seldome
           fight
           but
           with
           the
           dead
           ,
           exprest
           their
           joy
           over
           them
           by
           Songs
           and
           Dances
           .
           
             Lewis
             Contreras
          
           Captain
           of
           the
           slain
           ,
           had
           but
           one
           Eye
           ,
           and
           partaking
           the
           fate
           of
           his
           fellow
           Soldiers
           ,
           had
           his
           head
           cut
           off
           ,
           and
           dragg'd
           in
           the
           streets
           of
           Oran
           ;
           some
           of
           those
           many
           old
           Women
           that
           pretend
           to
           Divination
           ,
           among
           the
           Moors
           ,
           saw
           it
           ;
           and
           having
           attentively
           viewed
           its
           Physiogmony
           ,
           suddenly
           cryed
           out
           ,
           
             An
             ill
             Omen
             ,
             our
             Town
             is
             near
             Destruction
             .
          
           The
           people
           insolent
           and
           senseless
           in
           such
           occurrences
           ,
           cease
           not
           to
           dragg
           it
           along
           the
           Streets
           ,
           saying
           it
           was
           the
           head
           of
           the
           Alfaqui
           of
           the
           Christians
           ,
           meaning
           the
           Cardinal
           whom
           they
           knew
           to
           be
           General
           of
           the
           Army
           ,
           and
           dragged
           it
           on
           to
           the
           Prison
           of
           the
           Christians
           ,
           made
           slaves
           at
           the
           taking
           of
           Mersalcabir
           by
           
             Diego
             Fernandez
          
           .
           The
           fight
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           continued
           at
           the
           Hill
           where
           at
           last
           the
           Spaniards
           beat
           off
           the
           Moors
           ,
           and
           having
           enclosed
           them
           in
           the
           midst
           between
           the
           body
           of
           the
           Army
           ,
           and
           some
           Troops
           Navarr
           
           had
           commanded
           to
           advance
           ,
           they
           put
           them
           almost
           every
           man
           to
           the
           Sword
           ,
           as
           they
           fled
           towards
           the
           City
           .
           The
           Christians
           advance
           to
           the
           Walls
           of
           
             Oran
             ;
             Sosa
          
           Captain
           of
           the
           Cardinals
           Company
           ,
           first
           mounts
           the
           Wall
           ;
           and
           having
           planted
           there
           his
           Masters
           Colours
           ,
           cryes
           out
           ,
           Victory
           ;
           the
           rest
           followed
           his
           Example
           ,
           and
           some
           of
           the
           Soldiers
           getting
           into
           the
           Town
           open
           the
           Gates
           and
           give
           the
           Army
           entrance
           ,
           who
           put
           all
           to
           the
           sword
           .
           The
           Mosques
           were
           filled
           with
           the
           blood
           of
           the
           Moors
           ,
           who
           retyred
           thither
           in
           great
           numbers
           ,
           and
           the
           Streets
           paved
           with
           dead
           bodies
           ,
           ran
           down
           with
           the
           blood
           of
           the
           slain
           ;
           the
           Victors
           killing
           all
           ,
           without
           pitty
           of
           Age
           or
           Sex
           ,
           till
           the
           miserable
           spectacle
           of
           a
           sucking
           Child
           ,
           playing
           with
           the
           Breasts
           ,
           and
           Labouring
           with
           fingers
           and
           mouth
           ,
           to
           get
           the
           Teat
           of
           his
           dead
           Mother
           to
           suck
           ,
           staid
           their
           fury
           ,
           and
           melted
           their
           relenting
           hearts
           into
           Compassion
           to
           a
           Creature
           senseless
           of
           his
           misery
           ;
           the
           poor
           Infant
           smiling
           at
           the
           Massacre
           of
           his
           Mother
           .
           Two
           dayes
           after
           he
           was
           sold
           among
           the
           Captives
           to
           
             George
             Baracald
          
           the
           Cardinals
           Secretary
           ,
           and
           happy
           in
           the
           ignorance
           of
           his
           misfortunes
           was
           carryed
           into
           Spain
           ,
           where
           he
           continued
           without
           trouble
           for
           the
           Ruine
           of
           his
           Countrey
           ,
           or
           grief
           for
           the
           Massacre
           of
           his
           kindred
           .
           'T
           is
           some
           kind
           of
           happiness
           to
           the
           miserable
           ,
           that
           they
           have
           been
           so
           in
           their
           Cradles
           .
        
         
           The
           Spaniards
           having
           made
           themselves
           Masters
           of
           
             Oran
             ,
             Navarr
          
           sent
           the
           News
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           who
           passed
           that
           night
           without
           sleep
           in
           chanting
           Hymnes
           of
           praise
           to
           God
           for
           so
           important
           a
           Victory
           .
        
         
           The
           day
           following
           he
           went
           aboard
           the
           Gallies
           ,
           
           and
           came
           by
           Sea
           to
           Oran
           ,
           to
           avoid
           the
           Hill
           that
           lay
           in
           the
           way
           by
           Land.
           The
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           Army
           then
           Marched
           to
           meet
           him
           ,
           Received
           him
           in
           Triumph
           ,
           and
           with
           joyful
           acclamations
           saluted
           him
           
             Conquerour
             of
             Barbary
          
           ,
           the
           Keyes
           of
           the
           Town
           were
           presented
           to
           him
           ,
           which
           he
           afterwards
           sent
           to
           the
           Colledge
           of
           Arcala
           ,
           with
           some
           Standards
           and
           Armes
           of
           the
           Turks
           .
           All
           the
           booty
           was
           laid
           at
           his
           feet
           ;
           Navarr
           having
           caused
           it
           to
           be
           carefully
           locked
           up
           by
           the
           Cardinals
           order
           ;
           Part
           was
           disposed
           afterwards
           defraying
           the
           charge
           of
           the
           Army
           ;
           some
           rare
           pieces
           of
           value
           sent
           to
           Ferdinand
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           distributed
           among
           the
           Captains
           and
           Soldiers
           according
           to
           their
           respective
           valour
           and
           merit
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           for
           his
           share
           taking
           that
           which
           is
           most
           acceptable
           to
           generous
           spirits
           the
           pleasure
           of
           giving
           to
           others
           .
           After
           this
           he
           caused
           the
           Town
           to
           be
           cleansed
           and
           what
           might
           prove
           infectious
           to
           be
           carryed
           out
           ,
           and
           in
           memory
           of
           the
           taking
           of
           the
           Town
           sounded
           an
           Hospital
           ,
           and
           ordained
           in
           the
           Church
           he
           built
           there
           ,
           an
           Annual
           Service
           for
           the
           15
           of
           May
           to
           perpetuity
           with
           Prayers
           to
           be
           made
           for
           him
           ,
           for
           which
           he
           gave
           thirty
           thousand
           Crowns
           .
        
         
           
             Alvarez
             Gomez
          
           who
           writ
           more
           of
           the
           Actions
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           then
           any
           Author
           come
           into
           my
           hands
           observes
           that
           he
           held
           intelligence
           in
           Oran
           before
           he
           left
           Spain
           with
           two
           Jews
           ,
           
             Acmat
             Alcanixe
          
           the
           prime
           man
           of
           the
           Town
           and
           Catorre
           .
           These
           perswaded
           the
           Townsmen
           to
           deny
           entrance
           to
           the
           Succours
           from
           Tremisen
           ,
           sent
           by
           that
           King
           to
           maintain
           the
           Siege
           ,
           suggesting
           he
           designed
           by
           those
           Succours
           to
           take
           the
           Town
           for
           himself
           .
           And
           when
           the
           Spaniards
           entred
           the
           Town
           ,
           those
           
           two
           men
           broke
           the
           Keyes
           of
           a
           Gate
           where
           the
           people
           might
           have
           fled
           and
           escaped
           the
           Massacre
           .
           The
           houses
           of
           these
           Jews
           were
           exempted
           from
           pillage
           ,
           and
           their
           persons
           from
           Violence
           ,
           they
           passed
           afterwards
           into
           Spain
           ,
           and
           had
           pensions
           from
           the
           King
           ,
           during
           their
           Lives
           :
           Yet
           the
           same
           Gomez
           ,
           and
           most
           of
           the
           Spanish
           Historians
           forbear
           not
           to
           say
           that
           the
           Arrival
           of
           the
           Army
           the
           Siege
           ,
           and
           taking
           of
           the
           Town
           were
           all
           miraculous
           ,
           that
           a
           Cross
           appeared
           to
           them
           at
           their
           Landing
           ,
           that
           the
           Sun
           stopped
           his
           Course
           4
           hours
           ,
           adding
           so
           much
           length
           to
           the
           day
           ,
           to
           give
           light
           to
           the
           Combat
           .
        
         
           Those
           of
           Tremesen
           made
           the
           taking
           of
           Oran
           fatal
           to
           the
           Christians
           and
           Jews
           trading
           there
           ,
           puting
           them
           all
           to
           death
           upon
           the
           news
           ;
           while
           Spain
           on
           the
           other
           shore
           Celebrated
           the
           success
           with
           Joy.
           The
           Cardinal
           had
           sent
           Ferdinand
           the
           news
           by
           
             Fernand
             de
             Vera
          
           ,
           son
           to
           Diego
           Master
           of
           the
           Artillery
           in
           this
           expedition
           ,
           who
           had
           desired
           the
           employment
           for
           his
           Son
           ,
           but
           Fernand
           being
           young
           and
           careless
           ,
           made
           slow
           haste
           ,
           sleep
           and
           play
           took
           up
           the
           best
           part
           of
           his
           time
           :
           This
           occasioned
           a
           Soldier
           desirous
           to
           make
           advantage
           of
           the
           voyage
           to
           follow
           him
           privately
           ,
           and
           knowing
           the
           softness
           of
           his
           temper
           he
           robbed
           him
           off
           his
           Letters
           to
           the
           King
           in
           the
           first
           Journey
           he
           made
           by
           Land
           ,
           and
           arriving
           at
           Court
           ,
           ere
           Fernand
           was
           half
           way
           thither
           ,
           Received
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           the
           gifts
           usually
           bestowed
           on
           Courriers
           that
           bring
           such
           happy
           news
           .
        
         
           This
           new
           instance
           of
           negligence
           in
           Vera
           ,
           confirmed
           the
           Cardinal
           in
           his
           resolution
           taken
           on
           the
           Ethiopians
           miscarriage
           mentioned
           above
           ,
           never
           to
           send
           a
           Courrier
           on
           Affairs
           of
           importance
           ,
           but
           such
           
           as
           should
           be
           a
           person
           of
           Judgement
           and
           Merit
           ,
           whose
           good
           address
           may
           advance
           the
           honour
           of
           the
           Prince
           and
           Reputation
           of
           his
           Ministers
           .
        
         
           The
           Cardinal
           had
           many
           Crosses
           in
           the
           beginning
           ,
           nor
           had
           he
           fewer
           in
           the
           end
           of
           this
           Warr
           :
           For
           as
           Fortune
           labours
           to
           obstruct
           vertuous
           Actions
           ,
           so
           Envy
           strives
           to
           obscure
           their
           glory
           :
           Peter
           of
           Navarr
           was
           preferred
           by
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           be
           Lieutenant
           General
           of
           the
           Army
           ,
           and
           Received
           from
           his
           hand
           the
           Authority
           and
           honour
           he
           stood
           possessed
           of
           ;
           but
           made
           so
           ill
           acknowledgement
           of
           the
           favour
           that
           he
           employed
           them
           against
           the
           person
           of
           his
           Benefactor
           .
           A
           Soldier
           had
           killed
           a
           Domestick
           of
           the
           Cardinals
           ,
           who
           commanded
           Justice
           to
           be
           done
           thereupon
           :
           Navarr
           not
           only
           opposed
           it
           ,
           but
           upheld
           the
           Criminal
           ,
           and
           bespoke
           his
           General
           and
           Benefactour
           in
           this
           arrogant
           Language
           :
           If
           there
           be
           disorder
           and
           insolency
           among
           the
           Soldiers
           ;
           the
           cause
           is
           from
           you
           alone
           :
           They
           never
           knew
           two
           Masters
           in
           Warr
           :
           Had
           I
           the
           sole
           command
           of
           the
           Army
           ,
           I
           durst
           undertake
           in
           few
           moneths
           to
           subdue
           Africk
           .
           Return
           when
           you
           please
           into
           Spain
           to
           attend
           your
           charge
           of
           Prelate
           ,
           and
           know
           that
           from
           henceforth
           you
           shall
           be
           no
           otherwise
           treated
           then
           as
           a
           private
           person
           :
           These
           are
           not
           yours
           ,
           but
           the
           Kings
           Armes
           .
           I
           know
           the
           King
           gave
           you
           the
           Charge
           of
           Generalissimo
           ,
           but
           it
           was
           only
           for
           the
           Siege
           of
           Oran
           :
           your
           power
           is
           determined
           with
           the
           Siege
           :
           I
           will
           instantly
           cause
           the
           Kings
           name
           to
           be
           proclaimed
           throughout
           the
           Army
           without
           mention
           of
           yours
           ,
           which
           he
           did
           the
           same
           day
           :
           To
           〈…〉
           offer
           reasons
           
           to
           a
           mad-man
           ,
           is
           to
           imitate
           him
           .
           Nor
           was
           he
           daunted
           it
           this
           insolent
           Proclamation
           that
           destroyed
           his
           Authority
           ,
           and
           Annulled
           his
           command
           .
           But
           some
           dayes
           after
           ,
           with
           the
           generosity
           and
           gravity
           natural
           to
           him
           ,
           he
           sent
           for
           Navarr
           ,
           gave
           Orders
           ,
           and
           commanded
           him
           to
           do
           what
           was
           necessary
           and
           fit
           to
           be
           done
           .
           Navarr
           obeyed
           him
           ,
           acknowledged
           his
           fault
           ,
           begg'd
           his
           pardon
           ,
           and
           was
           reconciled
           to
           him
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           embraced
           him
           ,
           commended
           him
           in
           publick
           ,
           and
           told
           him
           he
           deserved
           worthily
           the
           name
           of
           Captain
           :
           but
           after
           their
           arrival
           in
           Spain
           ,
           he
           set
           forth
           his
           humours
           and
           extravagancies
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           advised
           him
           not
           to
           give
           him
           the
           Government
           of
           Oran
           ,
           nor
           any
           Authority
           in
           the
           Affairs
           of
           Africk
           ,
           that
           the
           haughtiness
           of
           his
           Nature
           ,
           rendred
           him
           unfit
           for
           such
           imployments
           ,
           and
           was
           proper
           only
           for
           the
           command
           of
           Armies
           ,
           wherein
           he
           behaved
           himself
           as
           a
           man
           of
           valour
           and
           great
           undertaking
           .
        
         
           The
           Cardinal
           had
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           commanded
           the
           guards
           of
           the
           Port
           of
           Africk
           to
           send
           him
           all
           the
           Letters
           that
           came
           from
           Spain
           ,
           without
           any
           respect
           to
           their
           address
           to
           others
           ;
           they
           send
           him
           a
           packet
           directed
           to
           Navarr
           ,
           he
           opens
           it
           where
           he
           finds
           the
           Kings
           command
           to
           Navarr
           ,
           that
           if
           the
           Cardinals
           presence
           were
           requisite
           in
           Africk
           ,
           he
           should
           keep
           him
           there
           as
           long
           as
           he
           could
           ,
           and
           disswade
           him
           from
           crossing
           the
           Sea.
           The
           Cardinal
           being
           of
           a
           temper
           (
           natural
           to
           all
           great
           spirits
           )
           Melancholick
           and
           Suspicious
           ,
           imagined
           the
           King
           had
           written
           this
           with
           design
           to
           ruine
           him
           ,
           and
           that
           supposing
           the
           strength
           of
           his
           Aged
           body
           ,
           much
           impaired
           by
           the
           toiles
           of
           the
           Warr
           ,
           he
           gave
           this
           command
           in
           hopes
           he
           would
           soon
           
           pine
           away
           ,
           and
           end
           his
           life
           there
           .
           This
           hastened
           his
           return
           ;
           so
           that
           about
           the
           end
           of
           May
           ,
           he
           went
           on
           Board
           ,
           and
           soon
           after
           arrived
           at
           Carthagene
           .
        
         
           The
           first
           Action
           he
           did
           after
           his
           Arrival
           in
           Spain
           ,
           was
           to
           Execute
           an
           Article
           of
           his
           Testament
           ,
           whereby
           he
           appointed
           that
           in
           case
           the
           Warr
           of
           Africk
           brought
           any
           Damage
           to
           the
           Villages
           of
           the
           Diocess
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           great
           number
           of
           Peasants
           he
           had
           imployed
           in
           the
           Warr
           ;
           Reparation
           should
           be
           made
           out
           of
           his
           Estate
           ,
           which
           he
           did
           himself
           in
           all
           places
           where
           he
           held
           it
           necessary
           .
           A
           vertuous
           man
           ought
           not
           to
           leave
           that
           good
           undone
           till
           his
           Death
           ,
           which
           he
           can
           perform
           in
           his
           life
           .
        
         
           The
           Cardinal
           arrived
           at
           Court
           continued
           his
           good
           Counsels
           for
           the
           advancement
           of
           the
           State
           :
           he
           proposed
           to
           Ferdinand
           to
           change
           the
           Residence
           of
           the
           Knights
           of
           Saint
           James
           ,
           from
           the
           Monastery
           of
           Volsan
           in
           Spain
           ,
           into
           the
           City
           of
           Oran
           in
           Africk
           ;
           And
           that
           to
           merit
           the
           Commanderies
           they
           should
           serve
           twenty
           years
           ,
           without
           parting
           thence
           ,
           that
           so
           many
           years
           elapsed
           ,
           they
           should
           succeed
           in
           the
           Commanderies
           by
           their
           Seniority
           and
           Services
           .
           This
           (
           said
           he
           )
           will
           strengthen
           your
           Militia
           in
           Africk
           ,
           and
           render
           it
           formidably
           a
           number
           of
           Gentlemen
           who
           commonly
           exceed
           others
           in
           valour
           :
           This
           advice
           if
           embraced
           had
           been
           attended
           with
           great
           advantages
           ,
           but
           the
           King
           refused
           it
           ,
           only
           to
           reserve
           in
           himself
           the
           power
           to
           preferr
           whom
           he
           pleased
           to
           these
           Commanderies
           .
        
         
           The
           year
           following
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           January
           ,
           the
           Army
           Led
           by
           the
           Cardinal
           into
           Africk
           ,
           
           continued
           their
           progress
           ,
           and
           advanced
           farther
           into
           the
           Countrey
           :
           Peter
           of
           Navarr
           took
           the
           Town
           of
           Bugia
           ,
           and
           about
           the
           end
           of
           July
           following
           ,
           that
           of
           Tripoly
           ,
           but
           relapsing
           into
           his
           Vice
           of
           ingratitude
           against
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           he
           joyned
           with
           Vianelli
           ,
           who
           followed
           his
           passion
           in
           endeavouring
           to
           rend
           in
           pieces
           the
           Cardinals
           name
           ,
           and
           destroy
           the
           reputation
           of
           him
           who
           had
           advanced
           him
           to
           the
           prime
           Offices
           of
           the
           Warr.
           But
           as
           great
           Men
           prosper
           by
           their
           Generosity
           ,
           so
           unthankful
           wretches
           perish
           by
           ingratitude
           :
           Vianelli
           having
           abused
           an
           Ensign
           in
           Africk
           ,
           was
           by
           him
           betrayed
           to
           the
           Moors
           ,
           who
           stabbed
           him
           in
           his
           sleep
           .
           Peter
           of
           Navarr
           soon
           after
           on
           change
           of
           Fortune
           changed
           his
           party
           ,
           and
           sideing
           with
           the
           French
           in
           the
           Wars
           of
           Italy
           ,
           was
           taken
           and
           imprisoned
           by
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           where
           the
           miserable
           incommodities
           of
           a
           prison
           ,
           brought
           him
           to
           that
           height
           of
           despair
           ,
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           say
           he
           attempted
           his
           own
           life
           ,
           and
           in
           hope
           to
           end
           his
           miseries
           ,
           ended
           his
           dayes
           by
           his
           own
           hand
           ,
           so
           tragical
           was
           the
           Catastrophe
           of
           these
           two
           men
           signal
           for
           their
           envy
           ,
           and
           remarkable
           for
           their
           enmity
           to
           the
           glory
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           their
           Benefactour
           .
        
         
           
             Peter
             Arias
          
           a
           valiant
           Captain
           ,
           famous
           for
           many
           gallant
           actions
           in
           the
           same
           Warr
           of
           Africk
           ,
           hath
           merited
           eternal
           praises
           for
           his
           constant
           payment
           of
           the
           respect
           and
           acknowledgements
           due
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           who
           imployed
           him
           .
           This
           recommended
           him
           to
           the
           favour
           of
           the
           Court
           where
           he
           obtained
           the
           charge
           of
           General
           of
           the
           Fleet
           ,
           to
           the
           West-Indies
           ,
           against
           the
           savage
           Cannibals
           feeding
           on
           humane
           flesh
           .
           There
           he
           became
           famous
           for
           
           his
           remarkable
           familiarity
           with
           death
           ,
           for
           being
           taken
           with
           an
           incurable
           malady
           ,
           that
           sensibly
           threatned
           to
           bring
           him
           lingeringly
           by
           degrees
           to
           his
           Grave
           ,
           and
           finding
           himself
           past
           hope
           of
           remedy
           ,
           he
           caused
           a
           Grave
           to
           be
           digged
           in
           a
           Church
           where
           he
           went
           every
           day
           to
           hear
           Mass
           ,
           which
           being
           ended
           ,
           he
           went
           to
           his
           Grave
           ,
           and
           lay
           along
           in
           it
           ,
           celebrating
           in
           his
           life
           his
           own
           Funeral
           .
           As
           he
           lay
           in
           this
           Posture
           the
           Priest
           with
           his
           Laver
           sprinkled
           Holy
           Water
           over
           him
           ,
           and
           Chanted
           a
           Libera
           where
           it
           needed
           not
           .
           This
           done
           ,
           he
           rose
           again
           before
           death
           ,
           went
           out
           of
           his
           Grave
           ,
           and
           made
           to
           his
           Lodgings
           .
           His
           wife
           and
           friends
           imputing
           this
           Action
           to
           Melancholy
           more
           than
           Vertue
           or
           Devotion
           ,
           endeavoured
           to
           divert
           him
           from
           it
           .
           But
           he
           seriously
           answered
           ,
           
             I
             Do
             this
             to
             Accustome
             my self
             by
             little
             and
             little
             to
             an
             habitation
             where
             I
             must
             long
             abide
             .
          
           And
           though
           Dead
           men
           need
           no
           Accustomance
           to
           their
           Long
           home
           ,
           yet
           such
           was
           the
           Meditation
           of
           this
           gallant
           Captain
           Arias
           upon
           death
           ,
           which
           though
           a
           stranger
           to
           his
           mind
           in
           the
           Warrs
           where
           he
           had
           it
           daily
           in
           his
           Eye
           ,
           he
           practised
           in
           peace
           in
           all
           its
           parts
           and
           Circumstances
           .
           Man
           better
           thinks
           of
           his
           end
           in
           repose
           and
           tranquility
           of
           Spirit
           ,
           than
           in
           the
           troubles
           of
           Affairs
           ,
           and
           passions
           that
           distract
           him
           .
        
         
           The
           envy
           that
           attaqued
           the
           Cardinal
           in
           the
           beginning
           and
           progress
           of
           the
           Warr
           of
           Africk
           ,
           could
           not
           hinder
           him
           from
           obtaining
           (
           over
           and
           above
           the
           glory
           of
           having
           planted
           the
           Cross
           there
           ,
           and
           extended
           the
           limits
           of
           Spain
           ,
           to
           the
           other
           side
           of
           the
           Sea
           )
           the
           reputation
           of
           a
           Captain
           fit
           to
           command
           Armies
           ,
           generous
           in
           Enterprize
           ,
           prudent
           in
           Conduct
           ,
           and
           hardy
           in
           Execution
           .
           
           Order
           and
           Discipline
           the
           soul
           of
           Warr
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           other
           Affairs
           of
           the
           World
           was
           wisely
           established
           ,
           and
           carefully
           kept
           during
           his
           command
           ,
           insomuch
           that
           the
           old
           Spanish
           Soldiers
           long
           after
           his
           death
           ,
           gave
           this
           testimony
           of
           his
           conduct
           in
           Warr
           ,
           that
           Captains
           and
           Soldiers
           were
           never
           in
           greater
           honour
           and
           esteem
           ,
           nor
           the
           Musters
           better
           paid
           than
           in
           his
           Time
           :
           'T
           is
           admirable
           that
           a
           Man
           bred
           in
           a
           Cloyster
           ,
           having
           never
           made
           profession
           of
           Armes
           ,
           imployed
           to
           the
           Age
           of
           Seventy
           years
           in
           Ecclesiastical
           Functions
           became
           capable
           in
           a
           Moment
           to
           command
           an
           Army
           like
           him
           in
           former
           Ages
           of
           whom
           it
           is
           observed
           that
           he
           went
           from
           the
           Republick
           less
           than
           a
           Soldier
           ,
           
           became
           by
           the
           way
           an
           excellent
           Captain
           .
           Ministers
           of
           State
           endued
           with
           an
           excellent
           vivacity
           of
           Spirit
           and
           solid
           Judgement
           ,
           learn
           by
           little
           exercise
           the
           business
           of
           a
           Captain
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           attained
           it
           so
           ,
           quickly
           and
           happily
           that
           had
           he
           lived
           in
           those
           great
           Republicks
           that
           triumphed
           over
           the
           best
           parts
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           they
           had
           to
           his
           name
           Ximenes
           ,
           added
           the
           Sirname
           of
           African
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CAP.
           VIII
           .
        
         
           UPon
           the
           first
           design
           of
           the
           Warr
           of
           Africk
           ,
           the
           Cardinal
           furnished
           the
           King
           with
           money
           toward
           the
           Charge
           thereof
           on
           Condition
           of
           re-imbursement
           ,
           or
           case
           Oran
           were
           taken
           ,
           the
           King
           should
           grant
           it
           to
           the
           Arch
           bishop
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           unless
           he
           chose
           rather
           to
           pay
           the
           money
           ;
           The
           Voyage
           of
           Africk
           being
           generously
           accomplished
           ,
           and
           the
           Spaniards
           masters
           of
           Oran
           ,
           the
           Cardinal
           demands
           the
           money
           he
           advanced
           .
           This
           gave
           his
           Enemies
           fresh
           occasion
           to
           attacque
           his
           reputation
           ,
           and
           calumniated
           his
           integrity
           ;
           The
           grandees
           of
           Spain
           who
           had
           designed
           to
           trouble
           the
           State
           after
           Isabels
           death
           ,
           and
           to
           take
           from
           Ferdinand
           the
           Administration
           of
           Castile
           saw
           their
           designs
           defeated
           by
           the
           Counsels
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           and
           themselves
           reduced
           to
           a
           private
           life
           in
           their
           houses
           with
           as
           little
           Authority
           as
           the
           meanest
           Burgesses
           of
           Madrid
           .
           See
           here
           an
           opportunity
           of
           Revenge
           ,
           to
           out
           the
           Cardinal
           from
           Court
           ,
           and
           soon
           after
           with
           ease
           to
           Remove
           Ferdinand
           from
           the
           Administration
           :
           they
           lay
           hold
           on
           't
           ,
           and
           Remonstrate
           to
           Ferdinand
           ,
           that
           the
           Cardinals
           avarice
           was
           insatiable
           ;
           that
           there
           was
           no
           reason
           he
           should
           demand
           the
           money
           advanced
           ,
           having
           made
           vast
           gains
           by
           the
           richest
           part
           of
           the
           booty
           of
           Oran
           which
           he
           had
           reserved
           for
           himself
           ,
           in
           recompence
           of
           his
           Loans
           ,
           That
           the
           bravest
           warriers
           having
           lost
           their
           blood
           in
           battel
           ,
           returned
           with
           no
           greater
           felicity
           than
           that
           of
           being
           loaden
           with
           glory
           and
           Booty
           ;
           that
           the
           more
           generous
           contented
           themselves
           
           with
           the
           glory
           ,
           leaving
           the
           booty
           to
           the
           Soldiers
           .
           But
           the
           Cardinal
           who
           had
           seen
           no
           Field
           but
           St.
           Michaels
           Chappel
           ,
           nor
           handled
           other
           Weapon
           than
           his
           Breviary
           ,
           while
           others
           with
           their
           Swords
           in
           their
           hands
           ,
           lay
           weltred
           in
           blood
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           their
           Enemies
           ,
           is
           not
           satisfied
           with
           the
           glory
           of
           Conquest
           ,
           and
           spoils
           of
           a
           City
           ,
           but
           must
           empty
           the
           Kings
           Coffers
           on
           pretence
           of
           a
           Lone
           ,
           which
           the
           King
           was
           not
           obliged
           to
           pay
           .
           The
           King
           unwilling
           to
           drain
           his
           Treasures
           (
           as
           what
           King
           is
           willing
           to
           do
           it
           ?
           )
           approves
           of
           these
           discourses
           .
           So
           easily
           do
           Monarks
           believe
           what
           they
           desire
           :
           The
           Kings
           Officers
           spake
           almost
           to
           the
           same
           effect
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           never
           daunted
           by
           the
           Crosses
           and
           Troubles
           of
           Court
           ,
           makes
           a
           generous
           defence
           ;
           alledges
           the
           Services
           he
           had
           done
           in
           the
           Warr
           ,
           that
           besides
           the
           money
           furnished
           to
           Levy
           the
           Army
           ,
           he
           had
           Conducted
           them
           to
           the
           place
           ,
           established
           order
           amongst
           them
           ,
           prevented
           the
           frauds
           and
           pilleries
           of
           the
           Captains
           at
           Musters
           ,
           which
           often
           proves
           the
           destruction
           of
           Armies
           (
           for
           where
           the
           Soldier
           is
           not
           paid
           ,
           he
           must
           of
           necessity
           starve
           or
           disband
           )
           That
           but
           for
           him
           Navarr
           had
           left
           the
           Cavalry
           useless
           in
           the
           Ships
           ,
           that
           the
           Combat
           had
           not
           been
           undertaken
           if
           not
           Counselled
           yea
           commanded
           by
           him
           .
           As
           to
           the
           Booty
           of
           Oran
           he
           took
           only
           some
           Arabick
           Volumes
           for
           the
           Library
           of
           Alcala
           ,
           where
           they
           were
           bestowed
           .
           That
           even
           that
           small
           parcel
           of
           the
           Booty
           was
           not
           for
           him
           alone
           ,
           but
           for
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           whole
           Kingdom
           of
           Spain
           ,
           for
           whom
           he
           had
           founded
           the
           Colledge
           and
           Library
           ;
           and
           therefore
           he
           prayed
           his
           Majesty
           to
           pay
           him
           the
           money
           advanced
           ,
           or
           grant
           the
           City
           of
           Oran
           to
           
           the
           Church
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           according
           to
           promise
           .
           Some
           of
           the
           Councel
           held
           this
           proposal
           reasonable
           and
           useful
           to
           the
           King
           in
           saving
           him
           the
           Charge
           of
           a
           Garrison
           at
           Oran
           ;
           Others
           had
           more
           generous
           sentiments
           ,
           and
           said
           that
           fear
           of
           expence
           ought
           not
           to
           Ravish
           the
           Crown
           of
           Spain
           ,
           of
           so
           important
           a
           place
           ,
           that
           the
           Cardinal
           in
           offering
           to
           maintain
           a
           Garrison
           there
           ,
           acted
           as
           a
           King
           ;
           and
           the
           King
           by
           refusing
           it
           to
           save
           his
           money
           should
           act
           as
           a
           private
           person
           ,
           and
           in
           derogation
           to
           his
           Royal
           Condition
           ;
           That
           honour
           is
           the
           true
           patrimony
           of
           Kings
           ,
           to
           which
           money
           ought
           to
           be
           subservient
           to
           preserve
           and
           increase
           it
           .
           That
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           State
           ,
           no
           private
           person
           can
           hold
           a
           place
           of
           strength
           upon
           the
           Frontiers
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           that
           Agrede
           had
           been
           ,
           heretofore
           taken
           from
           the
           Earles
           of
           Montacute
           ,
           because
           it
           was
           scituate
           on
           the
           Confines
           of
           Arragon
           ,
           and
           the
           Village
           of
           B●z●
           ,
           on
           the
           Sea
           side
           ,
           over
           against
           Africk
           ,
           from
           the
           Arch-bishops
           of
           Toledo
           .
           That
           in
           Affairs
           of
           this
           Nature
           ,
           the
           History
           of
           Spain
           gives
           no
           encouragement
           to
           trust
           Priests
           more
           than
           men
           of
           other
           quality
           :
           Oppo
           Arch-bishop
           of
           Toledo
           assisted
           Count
           Julian
           Governour
           of
           Granada
           to
           introduce
           the
           Moors
           into
           Spain
           ,
           who
           for
           many
           Ages
           shed
           the
           blood
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           pulled
           down
           the
           Altars
           ,
           destroyed
           the
           Temples
           .
           And
           in
           several
           places
           established
           the
           Abominations
           of
           Mahomet
           .
        
         
           The
           Cardinal
           patiently
           heard
           these
           several
           Opinions
           ,
           and
           saw
           they
           tended
           all
           to
           his
           Ruine
           ,
           but
           had
           before
           his
           eyes
           the
           Example
           of
           the
           great
           Captain
           Gonsalves
           who
           having
           Conquered
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Naples
           ,
           and
           made
           it
           Subject
           to
           the
           
           Crown
           of
           Spain
           ,
           had
           no
           other
           Recompence
           but
           that
           of
           banishment
           in
           his
           own
           Countrey
           ,
           as
           living
           there
           without
           Office
           ,
           without
           imployment
           ,
           without
           any
           acknowledgement
           turning
           over
           his
           Beads
           at
           Valladolid
           ,
           or
           sometimes
           at
           Court
           where
           he
           was
           as
           inconsiderable
           ;
           For
           men
           ,
           how
           great
           soever
           their
           Vertues
           be
           are
           oftentimes
           in
           the
           hands
           of
           Fortune
           and
           of
           Kings
           ,
           as
           Counters
           in
           the
           hand
           of
           a
           Banker
           ,
           where
           that
           which
           now
           stands
           for
           a
           thousand
           presently
           signifies
           no
           more
           than
           one
           .
        
         
           Yet
           Reason
           and
           Justice
           carryed
           the
           day
           ,
           the
           Cardinal
           had
           them
           on
           his
           side
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           caused
           payment
           to
           be
           made
           him
           of
           the
           moneys
           he
           advanced
           ,
           his
           Vertue
           which
           before
           defended
           his
           Authority
           against
           Envy
           ,
           and
           Obloquy
           preserved
           it
           still
           and
           triumphed
           over
           both
           :
           and
           the
           Cardinal
           gave
           his
           Majesty
           thanks
           for
           altering
           those
           opinions
           which
           the
           envy
           of
           the
           Grandees
           his
           Enemies
           had
           once
           infused
           into
           his
           Majesty
           against
           him
           .
        
         
           But
           this
           was
           not
           the
           only
           Trouble
           that
           sprung
           from
           the
           taking
           of
           Oran
           to
           the
           vexation
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           .
           For
           among
           the
           conditions
           agreed
           on
           before
           the
           Warr
           ;
           one
           was
           that
           the
           Church
           of
           Oran
           should
           depend
           on
           that
           of
           Toledo
           in
           the
           quality
           of
           an
           Abby
           to
           which
           the
           Arch-bishop
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           and
           not
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           should
           present
           
             Lewis
             William
          
           a
           Cordelier
           obtains
           a
           grant
           thereof
           by
           Bull
           from
           the
           Pope
           with
           the
           Title
           of
           a
           Bishoprick
           ,
           which
           he
           assumed
           ,
           but
           was
           hindred
           by
           the
           Cardinal
           from
           taking
           possession
           ;
           This
           man
           who
           leaving
           his
           Cloyster
           ,
           proposed
           to
           himself
           the
           glory
           of
           appearing
           in
           the
           World
           with
           the
           Mytre
           and
           
           Revenue
           of
           a
           Bishop
           ,
           frames
           a
           Process
           in
           the
           Council
           ,
           exclaims
           in
           the
           Court
           ,
           complains
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           protests
           against
           his
           Violence
           ,
           and
           proclaims
           to
           all
           the
           World
           ,
           that
           by
           the
           force
           of
           his
           great
           Authority
           he
           had
           Ravished
           a
           Bishoprick
           from
           him
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           to
           stop
           the
           mouth
           of
           this
           impudent
           Monk
           ,
           who
           cared
           not
           what
           he
           said
           ,
           thought
           it
           prudence
           to
           propose
           a
           fair
           Accommodation
           ,
           makes
           him
           understand
           the
           Right
           accrued
           to
           the
           Arch-bishoprick
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           over
           the
           Church
           of
           Oran
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           obliged
           to
           maintain
           and
           Consecrate
           it
           to
           the
           Dignity
           of
           the
           Arch-bishoprick
           in
           memory
           of
           the
           Warr
           of
           Africk
           ,
           not
           out
           of
           any
           covetous
           designs
           to
           draw
           profit
           thence
           to
           enhance
           his
           Revenues
           ,
           nor
           Ambition
           to
           joyn
           it
           to
           the
           Cross
           of
           the
           Arch-bishoprick
           ,
           Offers
           it
           to
           him
           with
           the
           Title
           of
           Abbot
           of
           Oran
           ,
           and
           a
           seat
           in
           the
           Quire
           of
           the
           great
           Church
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           with
           the
           dignity
           and
           Revenue
           of
           a
           Canon
           ,
           besides
           the
           Dignity
           and
           Revenue
           of
           Abbot
           of
           Oran
           ;
           Nothing
           but
           a
           Bishoprick
           could
           satisfie
           the
           Cordelier
           ;
           he
           refuses
           the
           offer
           ,
           the
           Cardinals
           Enemies
           bear
           him
           in
           hand
           ,
           he
           should
           overthrow
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           and
           obtain
           sentence
           from
           the
           King
           against
           him
           ,
           he
           believes
           them
           and
           continues
           obstinate
           .
           Ferdinand
           dying
           soon
           after
           ,
           the
           Cardinal
           receives
           the
           intire
           Government
           of
           Spain
           ,
           slights
           the
           Cordelier
           ,
           who
           continued
           ,
           as
           before
           ,
           a
           Monk
           ;
           and
           it
           may
           be
           ,
           an
           ill
           one
           .
        
         
           
             Francis
             Rouys
          
           Bishop
           of
           
             Ciudad
             Roderigos
          
           ,
           the
           Cardinals
           Companion
           in
           the
           Order
           of
           St.
           Francis
           ,
           followed
           his
           fortune
           ,
           and
           had
           negotiated
           for
           him
           at
           Court
           in
           several
           Affairs
           of
           importance
           :
           he
           
           not
           content
           with
           his
           Bishoprick
           ,
           his
           Cross
           seemed
           too
           small
           ,
           and
           his
           Revenue
           far
           short
           of
           his
           desires
           ;
           he
           presses
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           procure
           him
           the
           Bishoprick
           of
           Avilas
           then
           vacant
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           answers
           ,
           If
           my
           advice
           might
           prevail
           with
           you
           ,
           you
           would
           value
           your
           repose
           above
           Dignity
           and
           Revenues
           .
           You
           live
           happily
           in
           the
           condition
           you
           are
           in
           :
           Let
           me
           perswade
           you
           to
           keep
           you
           so
           ,
           and
           not
           seek
           troubles
           ,
           and
           inquietudes
           elsewhere
           .
           The
           time
           of
           our
           acquaintance
           cannot
           but
           have
           furnished
           you
           with
           clear
           experience
           by
           your
           knowledge
           of
           my
           affairs
           ,
           how
           many
           cares
           and
           troubles
           are
           hid
           under
           the
           fair
           appearances
           of
           great
           Offices
           ,
           and
           Eminent
           Dignities
           .
           Nevertheless
           to
           satisfie
           the
           desires
           of
           his
           person
           who
           was
           knowing
           and
           Vertuous
           ,
           he
           made
           him
           Bishop
           of
           Avila
           ,
           though
           he
           was
           ever
           averse
           from
           bringing
           his
           friends
           into
           Offices
           which
           might
           break
           their
           repose
           ,
           or
           endanger
           their
           Consciences
           ,
           and
           very
           Loath
           to
           draw
           out
           of
           Monasteries
           to
           the
           great
           dignities
           of
           the
           Church
           ,
           those
           men
           who
           were
           consecrated
           to
           God
           in
           the
           tranquility
           of
           holy
           Solitude
           .
           To
           draw
           a
           good
           Fryer
           from
           the
           Cloyster
           ,
           when
           he
           loves
           his
           profession
           ,
           is
           to
           take
           Fish
           out
           of
           water
           ,
           which
           is
           his
           proper
           Element
           .
        
         
           The
           Cardinal
           had
           Laboured
           with
           great
           care
           and
           Vigilance
           in
           peace
           and
           Warr
           for
           the
           State
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           now
           pressed
           with
           Age
           ,
           which
           sliding
           away
           like
           the
           Current
           of
           a
           rapid
           stream
           ,
           brings
           a
           man
           to
           his
           end
           sooner
           than
           he
           is
           aware
           of
           ,
           casts
           his
           thoughts
           towards
           the
           advancement
           of
           his
           house
           ;
           Marries
           one
           of
           his
           Brothers
           to
           great
           advantage
           into
           one
           of
           the
           noble
           families
           of
           Spain
           ,
           
           where
           Vertue
           the
           Mother
           of
           Nobility
           was
           as
           Eminent
           as
           the
           blood
           illustrious
           ;
           he
           made
           it
           a
           condition
           in
           the
           Marriage
           ,
           his
           Brother
           should
           not
           come
           to
           Court
           ,
           where
           vanity
           and
           Luxury
           (
           whose
           Vassals
           are
           the
           basest
           of
           Slaves
           )
           bear
           a
           Soveraign
           sway
           ,
           introducing
           into
           their
           Dominions
           all
           sorts
           of
           Corruptions
           .
           He
           enjoyned
           him
           to
           reside
           in
           the
           place
           of
           his
           nativity
           to
           live
           nobly
           there
           in
           a
           vertuous
           tranquility
           .
           Some
           years
           after
           he
           marryed
           
             Joan
             Cisnere
          
           his
           Niece
           to
           
             Peter
             Gonsales
             Mendoza
          
           Nephew
           of
           
             Diego
             Mendoza
          
           Duke
           of
           Infantado
           ,
           a
           name
           and
           Family
           of
           the
           first
           Rank
           of
           the
           Nobility
           of
           Spain
           ,
           he
           gave
           him
           for
           portion
           the
           Marquisat
           of
           
             Val
             Suilian
          
           :
           The
           marryed
           Couple
           were
           both
           in
           their
           Minority
           ,
           which
           soon
           after
           served
           the
           Cardinal
           for
           a
           pretence
           to
           annul
           the
           Marriage
           ,
           though
           really
           the
           true
           cause
           of
           the
           Rupture
           was
           the
           cheat
           and
           deceit
           of
           Mendoza's
           Kindred
           ,
           who
           thinking
           that
           having
           given
           the
           Cardinal
           a
           man
           of
           their
           name
           and
           Family
           ,
           they
           had
           sufficiently
           obliged
           him
           to
           provide
           him
           a
           fortune
           ,
           performed
           not
           the
           promises
           they
           had
           made
           in
           behalf
           of
           their
           Kinsman
           in
           point
           of
           Estate
           .
           For
           his
           Mother
           in
           confidence
           the
           Cardinal
           would
           provide
           enough
           for
           Peter
           ,
           left
           by
           her
           Will
           ,
           her
           whole
           Estate
           to
           
             Roderick
             Gonsales
          
           her
           younger
           Son
           ,
           but
           the
           Cardinal
           who
           loved
           solid
           honour
           ,
           scorned
           to
           be
           baffled
           ,
           and
           broke
           the
           Marriage
           ,
           maugre
           all
           the
           opposition
           of
           the
           Duke
           of
           Infantado
           :
           Yet
           afterwards
           he
           marryed
           her
           into
           the
           same
           Family
           to
           
             Alfonso
             Mendoza
          
           ,
           son
           and
           heir
           to
           
             Bernardo
             Mendoza
          
           Earl
           of
           Clung
           :
           Such
           was
           the
           care
           he
           had
           of
           his
           Kindred
           .
           Nor
           is
           it
           forbidden
           that
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           
           should
           impart
           to
           this
           Kindred
           the
           fortune
           he
           possesses
           ,
           if
           done
           with
           moderation
           ,
           and
           that
           by
           his
           Alliance
           he
           cover
           not
           ,
           nor
           uphold
           the
           Violences
           of
           others
           .
           This
           natural
           affection
           is
           an
           evidence
           of
           his
           goodness
           ,
           and
           sets
           of
           the
           Glory
           of
           his
           Actions
           with
           greater
           advantage
           .
        
         
           The
           Naval
           Army
           soon
           after
           sent
           for
           the
           Conquest
           of
           Africk
           ,
           had
           not
           the
           good
           success
           of
           that
           Led
           by
           the
           Cardinal
           .
           
             Don
             Garija
          
           son
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           ,
           Commanded
           it
           ,
           and
           had
           the
           misfortune
           to
           see
           it
           defeated
           by
           the
           Turks
           and
           Moors
           at
           
             Gerbes
             :
             Ferdinand
          
           designes
           to
           set
           out
           another
           Fleet
           ,
           and
           the
           Rendezvous
           to
           be
           at
           Cadiz
           ,
           but
           would
           not
           resolve
           till
           advice
           with
           the
           Cardiin
           this
           as
           other
           matters
           ,
           a
           Courrier
           is
           dispatched
           to
           him
           at
           Toledo
           to
           command
           his
           attendance
           at
           Sevil
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           set
           out
           ,
           and
           drawing
           neer
           to
           Guadalquana
           expresses
           a
           desire
           to
           Lodge
           in
           the
           Inn
           of
           
             Saja
             Vedra
          
           and
           sends
           his
           harbingers
           to
           take
           it
           up
           ,
           The
           harbingers
           find
           it
           marked
           for
           Gonsalve
           the
           great
           Captain
           ,
           and
           advise
           the
           Cardinal
           accordingly
           ,
           Take
           another
           (
           sayes
           the
           Cardinal
           and
           leave
           that
           to
           him
           who
           deserves
           all
           manner
           of
           honour
           .
           So
           propense
           was
           the
           Cardinal
           on
           all
           occasions
           to
           honour
           persons
           of
           Eminent
           Vertues
           :
           great
           men
           naturally
           love
           those
           that
           resemble
           themselves
           when
           the
           Concurrence
           of
           Offices
           or
           Jealousie
           of
           dignities
           do
           not
           intetpose
           .
        
         
           When
           the
           Cardinal
           drew
           neer
           to
           Sevil
           ,
           the
           King
           with
           all
           the
           Court
           went
           four
           Leagues
           to
           meet
           him
           ;
           the
           Cardinals
           Enemies
           being
           part
           of
           the
           Retinue
           ,
           and
           thus
           forced
           to
           honour
           him
           ,
           they
           envyed
           and
           hated
           .
           The
           King
           at
           their
           meeting
           alighted
           and
           Reverenced
           that
           head
           whence
           issued
           
           those
           Counsels
           that
           gave
           happiness
           to
           Spain
           .
           This
           honour
           wrought
           two
           different
           effects
           ,
           of
           humility
           in
           the
           Cardinal
           and
           Rage
           in
           his
           Enemies
           .
        
         
           At
           Sevil
           a
           Vessel
           arrived
           from
           the
           Indies
           ,
           brought
           the
           King
           and
           Cardinal
           advice
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           in
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           abusing
           the
           advantages
           they
           had
           received
           from
           God
           above
           the
           people
           of
           that
           Countrey
           ,
           tyrannized
           over
           those
           new
           subjects
           of
           God
           and
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           Sacrificed
           the
           lives
           of
           the
           Indians
           to
           their
           avarice
           ,
           Murdering
           them
           first
           ,
           and
           then
           Robbing
           them
           of
           the
           Gold
           amassed
           in
           their
           Grounds
           ,
           and
           laying
           all
           desolate
           ,
           without
           pi●ty
           ,
           without
           mercy
           ,
           without
           Justice
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           advised
           his
           Master
           to
           send
           thither
           some
           men
           under
           the
           Rules
           of
           Religion
           ,
           who
           dead
           to
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           wholy
           dis-interessed
           from
           secular
           concerns
           might
           oppose
           their
           Charity
           to
           the
           violence
           of
           the
           Governours
           .
           The
           advice
           was
           embraced
           ;
           many
           men
           of
           his
           Order
           ,
           Embarqued
           for
           the
           Voyage
           ;
           and
           among
           them
           three
           of
           the
           Cardinals
           companions
           ,
           whereof
           
             Francis
             Rouys
          
           was
           one
           ;
           but
           the
           Ayre
           of
           India
           ,
           not
           agreeing
           with
           his
           Constitution
           ,
           forced
           him
           to
           return
           to
           Madrid
           ,
           six
           moneths
           after
           his
           departure
           :
           At
           his
           Arrival
           he
           presented
           King
           Ferdinand
           with
           a
           Box
           full
           of
           Idols
           Worshipped
           by
           the
           Indians
           ,
           and
           a
           wedge
           of
           Gold
           weighed
           above
           a
           thousand
           Ducats
           which
           doubtless
           had
           been
           an
           Idol
           to
           which
           they
           who
           tormen●ed
           the
           Indians
           paid
           their
           devotions
           .
           At
           Sevil
           proposal
           was
           made
           for
           raising
           another
           Army
           to
           recover
           the
           honour
           lost
           by
           the
           defeat
           of
           the
           former
           ,
           some
           preparations
           were
           made
           ,
           but
           the
           affairs
           of
           Pope
           Julius
           the
           second
           put
           a
           stop
           to
           the
           proceedings
           .
           This
           Prelate
           who
           
           troubled
           all
           Europe
           sent
           his
           Nuncio
           into
           Spain
           to
           desire
           Aide
           from
           Ferdinand
           against
           the
           Council
           of
           Pisa
           ,
           (
           where
           the
           Cardials
           had
           chosen
           another
           Pope
           )
           and
           to
           demand
           vengeance
           against
           Bernardine
           Cardinal
           Caruajale
           a
           Spaniard
           whom
           he
           had
           struck
           out
           of
           the
           Catalogue
           of
           Cardinals
           as
           Author
           of
           that
           Council
           ,
           and
           prayed
           the
           King
           to
           devest
           him
           of
           the
           Bishoprick
           of
           Siguenza
           which
           he
           held
           in
           
             Spain
             :
             Ferdinand
          
           to
           please
           the
           Pope
           ,
           took
           the
           Bishoprick
           from
           Bernardine
           ,
           and
           gave
           it
           Frederick
           of
           Portugal
           ;
           But
           the
           storm
           being
           over
           ,
           Bernardine
           was
           afterwards
           restored
           to
           the
           Bishoprick
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           end
           his
           life
           with
           some
           kind
           of
           Dignity
           :
           in
           the
           affair
           of
           Julius
           the
           second
           the
           generosity
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           in
           acknowledging
           the
           fauours
           of
           those
           who
           had
           obliged
           him
           was
           remarkable
           :
           he
           writ
           to
           this
           Pope
           who
           had
           sent
           him
           the
           Cardinals
           Cap
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           return
           him
           to
           Rome
           four
           hundred
           thousand
           Crowns
           when
           he
           pleased
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           Levy
           an
           Army
           at
           his
           own
           Charge
           if
           the
           Pope
           needed
           it
           ,
           and
           would
           in
           person
           lead
           them
           into
           Italy
           against
           his
           Enemies
           .
           The
           fruit
           of
           a
           good
           Office
           is
           never
           lost
           ,
           where
           it
           is
           sown
           in
           a
           generous
           spirit
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CAP.
           IX
           .
        
         
           SOon
           after
           the
           affairs
           of
           Africk
           put
           on
           a
           better
           face
           ,
           the
           Kings
           of
           Tremesen
           and
           Tunis
           sent
           their
           Embassadours
           with
           presents
           to
           Ferdinand
           to
           treat
           of
           peace
           ,
           which
           was
           concluded
           ,
           and
           free
           Commerce
           established
           between
           the
           Moors
           and
           Spaniards
           of
           Oran
           :
           This
           peace
           with
           Africk
           pleased
           the
           Cardinal
           exceedingly
           ,
           who
           having
           been
           the
           first
           Author
           of
           the
           Warr
           of
           Africk
           ,
           rejoyced
           beyond
           measure
           ,
           to
           see
           the
           fruits
           of
           his
           Lab●urs
           in
           a
           happy
           peace
           .
           The
           Affairs
           of
           Europe
           rann
           a
           course
           quite
           contrary
           ;
           Julius
           the
           second
           increased
           the
           trouble
           ,
           he
           makes
           a
           League
           with
           Ferdinand
           and
           the
           Venetian
           against
           the
           French
           ;
           And
           he
           who
           ought
           to
           have
           been
           the
           father
           of
           Christians
           ,
           laboured
           nothing
           more
           than
           to
           set
           his
           Children
           by
           the
           Eares
           :
           Ferdinand
           to
           prepare
           himself
           for
           this
           League
           ,
           sent
           for
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           Burgos
           to
           advise
           with
           him
           ;
           the
           Cardinal
           came
           thither
           ,
           and
           for
           his
           Lodging
           they
           had
           marked
           the
           Count
           of
           Salines
           house
           ,
           where
           Prince
           Ferdinand
           brother
           of
           Charles
           afterwards
           sirnamed
           the
           fifth
           was
           Lodged
           :
           The
           King
           his
           Grand
           father
           commanded
           him
           to
           Remove
           ,
           but
           the
           Cardinal
           would
           not
           by
           any
           means
           accept
           of
           that
           Lodging
           ,
           And
           when
           the
           King
           would
           have
           forced
           him
           by
           absolute
           and
           express
           commands
           to
           that
           purpose
           ,
           be
           excused
           himself
           saying
           ,
           the
           Countess
           of
           Salines
           with
           her
           Ladies
           were
           Lodged
           there
           ,
           and
           that
           by
           the
           institution
           of
           his
           order
           ,
           he
           was
           prohibited
           to
           Lodge
           with
           women
           ,
           which
           he
           Religiously
           observed
           both
           at
           
           Court
           ,
           and
           in
           his
           journeys
           :
           The
           day
           following
           the
           Cardinal
           walked
           with
           Prince
           Ferdinand
           into
           the
           Palace
           Gardens
           :
           the
           King
           spies
           them
           from
           his
           Window
           ,
           and
           Calling
           to
           the
           Prince
           ,
           bespeaks
           him
           aloud
           in
           these
           words
           ,
           Son
           ,
           You
           are
           in
           very
           good
           company
           ,
           and
           if
           you
           take
           my
           advice
           ,
           will
           never
           part
           from
           it
           .
           Knowing
           he
           was
           with
           a
           man
           who
           could
           make
           Princes
           such
           as
           they
           ought
           to
           be
           Wise
           ,
           Religious
           ,
           and
           Generous
           :
           from
           the
           Garden
           the
           Cardinal
           attended
           the
           young
           Prince
           to
           the
           Palace
           where
           he
           took
           leave
           of
           him
           to
           retyre
           to
           his
           Lodgings
           ,
           the
           Prince
           offered
           to
           bear
           him
           Company
           ,
           the
           King
           coming
           upon
           them
           in
           the
           Complement
           advised
           him
           to
           it
           ,
           but
           the
           Cardinal
           thanked
           for
           the
           honour
           and
           obtained
           permission
           to
           Go
           alone
           .
           The
           resolutions
           taken
           in
           the
           Assembly
           at
           Burgos
           by
           the
           advice
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           were
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           should
           not
           hasten
           the
           Warr
           ,
           but
           choose
           any
           way
           rather
           than
           that
           of
           Armes
           to
           bring
           affairs
           to
           a
           solid
           peace
           :
           but
           this
           advice
           was
           soon
           changed
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           receives
           Advertisement
           of
           a
           secret
           League
           between
           the
           Kings
           of
           France
           and
           Navarr
           ,
           thereupon
           he
           prepares
           for
           Warr
           ,
           advises
           his
           Master
           to
           it
           :
           And
           presseth
           him
           to
           hasten
           the
           raising
           of
           an
           Army
           :
           The
           discovery
           of
           the
           League
           was
           thus
           :
           The
           King
           of
           Navarr
           was
           passionately
           in
           Love
           with
           a
           Lady
           of
           the
           Court
           ,
           whose
           beauties
           had
           charmed
           his
           reason
           ;
           This
           Love
           by
           the
           prerogatives
           of
           the
           Crown
           which
           few
           Women
           know
           how
           to
           deny
           ,
           was
           come
           to
           enjoyment
           .
           A
           Secretary
           of
           State
           ,
           and
           prime
           confident
           of
           this
           Prince
           took
           part
           in
           this
           affair
           of
           Love
           ,
           as
           if
           it
           had
           been
           a
           matter
           of
           State
           ,
           Visits
           the
           Lady
           ,
           declares
           his
           affection
           ,
           
           beggs
           her
           savour
           ;
           she
           who
           had
           as
           great
           need
           of
           this
           mans
           pen
           as
           the
           Liberality
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           grants
           his
           desire
           ;
           the
           King
           surprizes
           them
           together
           ,
           and
           stabbs
           the
           Secretary
           :
           For
           Kings
           can
           no
           more
           admit
           partakers
           of
           their
           Loves
           ,
           than
           of
           their
           Scepters
           :
           A
           Priest
           of
           Pampelune
           called
           to
           Confess
           the
           dying
           Secretary
           ,
           having
           cleared
           his
           Conscience
           ,
           ransacked
           his
           pockets
           ;
           there
           among
           other
           things
           he
           finds
           this
           secret
           Treaty
           ,
           which
           he
           gave
           or
           sold
           to
           the
           Spanish
           Embassadour
           resident
           in
           the
           Court
           of
           Navarr
           :
           They
           sent
           it
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ;
           The
           Tenour
           of
           the
           League
           was
           that
           the
           King
           of
           Navarr
           should
           refuse
           Ferdinand
           passage
           through
           his
           Countreys
           when
           he
           marched
           in
           the
           aide
           of
           Julius
           the
           second
           .
           That
           he
           should
           enter
           Spain
           with
           an
           Army
           when
           required
           by
           France
           .
           That
           for
           this
           ,
           restitution
           should
           be
           made
           him
           by
           France
           of
           his
           Patrimony
           ,
           than
           in
           the
           poss●ssion
           of
           the
           Duke
           of
           Nemours
           ,
           father
           of
           Germain
           then
           Queen
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           of
           all
           the
           Rites
           and
           Possessions
           of
           the
           house
           of
           Albret
           detained
           by
           France
           .
           That
           he
           should
           receive
           from
           France
           an
           Annual
           pension
           suitable
           to
           his
           Royal
           Dignity
           .
           That
           France
           should
           by
           negotiation
           or
           Armes
           procure
           restitution
           to
           be
           made
           him
           of
           that
           part
           of
           the
           Estate
           of
           Queen
           Catherine
           his
           Wife
           about
           Burgos
           then
           detained
           from
           him
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           having
           read
           those
           Conditions
           ,
           Levyed
           an
           Army
           and
           carryed
           things
           to
           that
           point
           ,
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           attribute
           to
           him
           the
           Warr
           of
           Navarr
           ,
           as
           the
           Author
           of
           it
           ,
           though
           in
           truth
           the
           Violence
           of
           Julius
           the
           second
           ,
           and
           Ferdinands
           Ambition
           caused
           that
           Warr
           memorable
           in
           History
           for
           the
           blood
           shed
           therein
           ,
           which
           hath
           afforded
           
           us
           this
           observation
           ,
           That
           Warr
           is
           a
           bloody
           burying
           place
           or
           Caemitere
           of
           Mankind
           .
        
         
           The
           year
           1513.
           being
           the
           next
           after
           the
           trouble
           of
           Navarr
           ,
           Carryed
           Julius
           the
           second
           ,
           out
           of
           the
           world
           to
           prevent
           his
           spreading
           of
           further
           mischiefs
           :
           soon
           after
           ,
           Ferdinand
           fell
           sick
           of
           the
           malady
           whereof
           he
           dyed
           :
           this
           affected
           him
           with
           extraordinary
           sadness
           .
           To
           make
           him
           merry
           the
           whole
           Court
           turned
           Revellers
           :
           the
           Ladies
           endeavoured
           to
           please
           him
           by
           their
           divertisements
           of
           Balls
           and
           Dances
           ;
           the
           Gentlemen
           by
           Justs
           and
           Turnaments
           .
           
             Alfonso
             Mendoza
          
           Husband
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           Niece
           was
           of
           the
           party
           and
           expended
           seven
           thousand
           Crowns
           to
           fit
           himself
           for
           the
           solemnity
           a
           great
           expence
           in
           those
           times
           ;
           this
           was
           to
           be
           paid
           out
           of
           the
           Cardinals
           purse
           who
           used
           to
           reject
           and
           disallow
           all
           vain
           expences
           ,
           but
           paid
           this
           cheerfully
           ,
           telling
           those
           who
           spoke
           to
           him
           of
           it
           ,
           that
           these
           Turnaments
           were
           the
           remedy
           for
           recovery
           of
           the
           Kings
           health
           which
           he
           should
           buy
           very
           cheap
           since
           his
           Nephew
           had
           expended
           no
           more
           .
           So
           willing
           was
           he
           to
           part
           with
           his
           estate
           for
           the
           good
           of
           his
           Prince
           or
           relief
           of
           the
           people
           .
           'T
           was
           at
           this
           time
           he
           made
           provision
           against
           that
           publick
           exigency
           to
           which
           Spain
           is
           often
           reduced
           for
           want
           of
           Corn
           :
           At
           
             Toledo
             ,
             Arcala
          
           and
           Torrelaguce
           ,
           he
           built
           publick
           Granaries
           ,
           and
           filled
           them
           with
           Corn.
           The
           Senate
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           in
           acknowledgement
           of
           the
           benefit
           ,
           hath
           Consecrated
           the
           memory
           thereof
           to
           perpetuity
           ,
           by
           an
           Inscription
           engraven
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           the
           Palace
           ;
           and
           the
           people
           preserves
           the
           memory
           of
           it
           by
           a
           Marble
           Table
           ,
           which
           to
           this
           day
           shews
           the
           Character
           of
           his
           Liberality
           in
           the
           
           great
           Market
           of
           the
           City
           ;
           and
           yearly
           on
           the
           fifth
           of
           October
           ,
           they
           Celebrate
           their
           grateful
           acknowledgements
           in
           an
           Harangue
           made
           of
           the
           Vertues
           and
           merits
           of
           this
           great
           man.
           
        
         
           Soon
           after
           he
           erected
           a
           magnificent
           Monastery
           and
           Church
           at
           Torrelagave
           for
           the
           perpetual
           Celebration
           of
           his
           praises
           ,
           whose
           bounty
           raised
           him
           to
           the
           height
           of
           his
           fortunes
           :
           he
           adorned
           the
           Church
           with
           Sacred
           Vessels
           ,
           and
           Vestments
           ,
           and
           furnished
           it
           with
           all
           necessaries
           for
           the
           Service
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           Ornament
           of
           Religious
           Worship
           .
           For
           the
           convenience
           of
           this
           holy
           place
           and
           the
           publick
           ,
           he
           clave
           Rocks
           ,
           and
           boared
           through
           Mountains
           to
           make
           Aqueducts
           for
           conveyance
           of
           water
           thither
           from
           a
           spring
           at
           great
           distance
           from
           the
           Church
           ;
           the
           Aqueducts
           were
           Arched
           and
           Wide
           ,
           and
           cost
           him
           by
           the
           computation
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           no
           less
           than
           a
           Million
           of
           Gold
           ,
           this
           place
           to
           this
           day
           testifies
           the
           Generosity
           of
           this
           Cardinal
           in
           his
           affections
           to
           the
           publick
           ;
           for
           great
           edifices
           without
           flattery
           ,
           report
           to
           posterity
           the
           Grandeur
           of
           the
           Builders
           .
        
         
           But
           though
           he
           built
           of
           his
           own
           for
           the
           publick
           good
           ,
           yet
           would
           he
           not
           permit
           others
           to
           be
           Magnificent
           at
           the
           Spaniards
           charges
           .
           Pope
           Leo
           the
           Tenth
           ,
           who
           succeeded
           Julius
           the
           second
           ,
           had
           a
           design
           at
           this
           time
           to
           build
           at
           Rome
           ,
           a
           Temple
           to
           St.
           Peter
           ,
           suitable
           to
           the
           dignity
           of
           the
           first
           Church
           of
           Christendome
           ;
           and
           because
           the
           charge
           of
           such
           a
           building
           amounted
           to
           vast
           summs
           of
           money
           ,
           he
           sent
           his
           Bulls
           into
           Spain
           ,
           to
           demand
           Contribution
           from
           the
           Spaniards
           .
           King
           Ferdinand
           consented
           ,
           but
           the
           Cardinal
           being
           a
           severe
           man
           ,
           and
           inclined
           to
           ease
           the
           people
           ,
           though
           
           he
           commended
           the
           Popes
           design
           ,
           approved
           not
           his
           exacting
           Money
           by
           his
           Bulls
           ,
           but
           with
           all
           his
           power
           hindered
           the
           Execution
           thereof
           ;
           and
           with
           a
           generous
           liberty
           writ
           his
           thoughts
           thereupon
           to
           Rome
           ,
           and
           told
           them
           his
           mind
           .
        
         
           Ferdinand
           approached
           the
           end
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           and
           his
           Life
           ,
           by
           the
           malady
           before
           mentioned
           ,
           which
           handled
           him
           so
           rudely
           at
           Burgos
           ,
           that
           he
           left
           that
           place
           ,
           imputing
           to
           the
           Ayre
           the
           cause
           of
           that
           distemper
           he
           carryed
           within
           him
           .
           When
           he
           came
           to
           Arand
           ,
           he
           sent
           for
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           who
           set
           out
           to
           attend
           him
           ,
           and
           drawing
           neer
           to
           the
           Court
           ,
           the
           King
           went
           in
           his
           Litter
           to
           meet
           him
           ,
           to
           the
           astonishment
           of
           all
           that
           were
           about
           him
           ,
           his
           disease
           having
           so
           weakened
           him
           that
           he
           could
           hardly
           stand
           ,
           and
           in
           a
           few
           dayes
           after
           was
           laid
           on
           his
           death-bed
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           was
           very
           desirous
           to
           wait
           on
           his
           Master
           to
           the
           last
           moment
           of
           his
           dayes
           ,
           but
           thought
           fit
           to
           withdraw
           ,
           to
           avoid
           the
           suspicion
           his
           attendance
           might
           occasion
           ,
           if
           he
           were
           appointed
           governour
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           which
           would
           be
           attributed
           more
           to
           the
           Ambition
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           than
           the
           Judgement
           of
           the
           King
           or
           the
           advice
           of
           his
           Council
           .
        
         
           This
           was
           the
           reason
           of
           his
           retiring
           to
           
             Arcala
             D'
             Henares
          
           ,
           while
           God
           disposed
           of
           this
           Prince
           according
           to
           the
           Decree
           of
           his
           will.
           Ferdinand
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           felt
           himself
           dying
           ,
           yet
           could
           not
           believe
           he
           should
           dye
           of
           this
           sickness
           .
           The
           holy
           women
           of
           Avila
           had
           deluded
           his
           reason
           by
           her
           pretended
           prediction
           ,
           that
           he
           should
           out-live
           the
           violence
           of
           his
           distemper
           :
           he
           was
           so
           possest
           with
           conceit
           of
           the
           truth
           of
           her
           assertions
           ,
           that
           he
           rejected
           and
           put
           off
           Matreuse
           the
           Cordelier
           his
           
           Confessor
           who
           came
           to
           dispose
           his
           Conscience
           to
           part
           with
           this
           World
           ,
           and
           appear
           before
           him
           who
           Judges
           Kings
           without
           respect
           to
           their
           Crowns
           ,
           and
           said
           ,
           That
           Man
           came
           to
           see
           him
           ,
           not
           out
           of
           zeal
           ,
           of
           piety
           or
           devotion
           ,
           but
           ambition
           ,
           and
           in
           hopes
           to
           obtain
           some
           gift
           .
           Prince
           Charles
           his
           young
           Son
           ,
           sent
           Dean
           Adrian
           of
           Vtretcht
           to
           Visit
           him
           in
           his
           Sickness
           ,
           but
           he
           could
           not
           get
           audience
           ;
           and
           when
           the
           Secretaries
           of
           State
           ,
           moved
           in
           his
           behalf
           ,
           and
           were
           urgent
           with
           the
           King
           to
           admit
           him
           to
           his
           presence
           ,
           he
           refused
           answering
           them
           in
           Spanish
           ,
           
             What
             comes
             he
             for
             ,
             it
             may
             be
             to
             see
             whether
             I
             am
             dead
             or
             not
             .
          
           However
           he
           admitted
           him
           afterwards
           ,
           and
           received
           the
           complement
           of
           Charles
           :
           The
           great
           ones
           of
           the
           world
           can
           hardly
           part
           with
           it
           ,
           nor
           is
           there
           any
           place
           men
           are
           more
           loath
           to
           leave
           ,
           than
           a
           Throne
           :
           But
           Death
           is
           as
           inexorable
           as
           necessary
           ;
           She
           respects
           not
           Scepters
           ,
           nor
           fears
           Crowns
           .
           The
           Physitians
           ,
           and
           principal
           Councellors
           of
           State
           advertise
           Ferdinand
           ,
           he
           was
           arrived
           at
           the
           last
           hour
           of
           his
           life
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           but
           a
           short
           time
           left
           to
           think
           of
           the
           Affairs
           of
           his
           Conscience
           and
           Kingdom
           this
           made
           him
           Resolved
           to
           admit
           his
           Confessor
           and
           believe
           ,
           the
           Saint
           of
           Avila
           had
           not
           received
           from
           Heaven
           the
           advice
           she
           gave
           in
           the
           Affairs
           of
           his
           Kingdom
           :
           he
           told
           them
           that
           by
           his
           secret
           Testament
           made
           at
           Burgos
           ,
           he
           had
           ordered
           Ferdinand
           his
           younger
           son
           ,
           Brother
           of
           Charles
           to
           be
           Governour
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           appropriated
           to
           him
           as
           a
           peculiar
           Legacy
           the
           grand
           Master-shipps
           of
           the
           three
           principal
           orders
           of
           Spain
           ,
           those
           of
           St.
           
             James
             ,
             Calatrave
          
           and
           Alcantara
           .
           The
           Councellors
           remonstrate
           to
           him
           the
           injury
           he
           did
           the
           
           Crown
           in
           the
           Alienation
           of
           those
           three
           orders
           which
           himself
           had
           judged
           necessary
           to
           be
           kept
           alwayes
           annexed
           to
           it
           :
           That
           he
           gave
           them
           to
           a
           Prince
           who
           might
           when
           he
           pleased
           make
           use
           of
           them
           against
           the
           Crown
           ,
           that
           the
           best
           and
           surest
           inheritance
           he
           could
           leave
           Ferdinand
           was
           the
           love
           and
           good
           will
           of
           his
           brother
           Charles
           .
           That
           it
           was
           dangerous
           to
           leave
           the
           Government
           of
           Spain
           in
           the
           hands
           of
           Ferdinand
           whose
           youth
           made
           him
           sussceptible
           of
           ill
           impressions
           from
           the
           great
           ones
           to
           the
           ruine
           of
           the
           State
           :
           Upon
           these
           Remonstrances
           he
           altered
           his
           Resolutions
           and
           appointed
           Charles
           Governour
           during
           the
           life
           of
           the
           Queen
           his
           Mother
           ,
           sole
           Heiress
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           .
           But
           in
           the
           absence
           of
           Charles
           ,
           there
           wanted
           an
           administrator
           to
           manage
           the
           publick
           affairs
           ,
           with
           prudence
           ,
           integrity
           and
           generosity
           :
           
             Laurence
             Galinda
             Caravegal
          
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           Counsellors
           proposed
           the
           Cardinal
           as
           eminently
           endued
           with
           all
           these
           qualities
           .
           Ferdinand
           turns
           his
           head
           ,
           and
           answers
           ,
           Know
           you
           not
           the
           severity
           of
           Ximenes
           his
           spirit
           ,
           no
           wayes
           fit
           to
           treat
           with
           men
           ?
           Thus
           did
           he
           Reject
           him
           whose
           conduct
           he
           admired
           ,
           whose
           person
           he
           honoured
           going
           to
           meet
           him
           every
           time
           he
           came
           to
           do
           him
           service
           ,
           such
           was
           the
           inconstancy
           of
           this
           great
           King.
           But
           there
           was
           some
           (
           though
           a
           very
           light
           )
           cause
           for
           this
           disdain
           of
           Ferdinand
           against
           the
           Cardinal
           .
           The
           King
           wanted
           a
           great
           summ
           of
           money
           ,
           and
           would
           have
           borrowed
           it
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           but
           he
           refused
           to
           lend
           it
           ,
           telling
           him
           boldly
           ,
           the
           moneys
           arising
           from
           his
           Ecclesiastical
           Revenues
           ,
           were
           neither
           his
           ,
           nor
           his
           Majesties
           ,
           but
           belonged
           to
           the
           poor
           of
           the
           Arch-bishoprick
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           
           whose
           necessities
           could
           not
           give
           way
           to
           the
           Loan
           he
           proposed
           :
           Nevertheless
           the
           Cardinals
           merit
           prevailed
           more
           with
           Ferdinand
           than
           the
           memory
           of
           this
           Refusal
           :
           having
           mused
           awhile
           ;
           his
           mind
           altered
           ,
           and
           he
           tells
           the
           Councellors
           ,
           Were
           it
           possible
           to
           frame
           a
           person
           of
           purpose
           fitted
           with
           vertues
           proper
           for
           the
           Government
           of
           my
           Kingdoms
           ,
           he
           could
           not
           be
           more
           capable
           than
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           discharge
           it
           ,
           if
           we
           could
           mitigate
           the
           excessive
           severity
           of
           his
           nature
           ,
           and
           temper
           it
           with
           some
           sweetness
           of
           disposition
           :
           he
           hath
           to
           this
           time
           acknowledged
           Queen
           Isabels
           favours
           and
           mine
           ,
           and
           will
           certainly
           retain
           a
           grateful
           memory
           of
           them
           for
           the
           future
           :
           with
           that
           ,
           he
           declared
           him
           administrator
           General
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           presently
           after
           breathed
           his
           last
           .
        
         
           This
           change
           of
           the
           Testament
           at
           Burgos
           alarm'd
           the
           Governours
           of
           Prince
           Ferdinand
           ,
           they
           perswaded
           him
           to
           take
           on
           him
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           dispatch
           Patents
           in
           his
           name
           to
           the
           Councellors
           of
           State
           ,
           requiring
           their
           attendance
           to
           advise
           him
           in
           the
           Government
           .
           One
           of
           them
           upon
           receipt
           of
           his
           Letters
           made
           Answer
           ,
           We
           will
           go
           to
           the
           Prince
           to
           pay
           him
           our
           respects
           but
           we
           know
           no
           King
           but
           Caesar
           :
           which
           allusion
           to
           that
           piece
           of
           holy
           Scripture
           proved
           Prophetical
           ;
           Charles
           then
           King
           ,
           being
           afterwards
           Emperour
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           enters
           on
           the
           Government
           of
           Spain
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           so
           absolute
           that
           having
           long
           since
           the
           purpose
           of
           the
           Church
           ,
           he
           wanted
           only
           that
           of
           a
           Monarch
           ,
           and
           the
           name
           of
           a
           King
           ,
           he
           held
           the
           Government
           two
           years
           ,
           which
           he
           managed
           with
           prudence
           ,
           integrity
           ,
           and
           magnanimity
           
           inseparable
           from
           his
           actions
           :
           he
           bore
           up
           couragiously
           against
           the
           disturbers
           of
           the
           publick
           peace
           ,
           and
           wisely
           appeased
           the
           Troubles
           of
           Spain
           ,
           checked
           and
           suppressed
           the
           boldness
           of
           the
           great
           Ones
           ;
           and
           plucked
           out
           of
           their
           hands
           the
           estates
           of
           the
           meaner
           sort
           ,
           ravished
           from
           them
           by
           violence
           and
           injustice
           :
           insomuch
           that
           Spain
           did
           then
           acknowledge
           ,
           and
           confesses
           to
           this
           day
           ,
           She
           never
           enjoyed
           so
           perfect
           repose
           ,
           so
           secure
           a
           peace
           ,
           as
           under
           the
           conduct
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           ;
           who
           made
           it
           appear
           that
           the
           happiness
           of
           the
           people
           is
           so
           far
           from
           being
           inconsistent
           with
           the
           glory
           of
           Administration
           ,
           that
           the
           direct
           way
           for
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           to
           acquire
           glory
           and
           honour
           is
           ,
           by
           imploying
           his
           cares
           with
           prudence
           and
           generosity
           to
           procure
           and
           promote
           the
           good
           of
           the
           People
           .
        
      
       
         
           CAP.
           X.
           
        
         
           THE
           first
           Action
           he
           did
           after
           opening
           King
           Ferdinand's
           Testament
           ,
           which
           declared
           him
           Regent
           of
           Spain
           ,
           was
           ,
           The
           taking
           of
           Prince
           Ferdinand
           into
           his
           care
           .
           And
           having
           given
           him
           a
           Retinue
           befitting
           his
           birth
           ,
           he
           kept
           him
           alwayes
           neer
           him
           ,
           to
           prevent
           the
           great
           Ones
           of
           Spain
           ,
           from
           drawing
           him
           to
           their
           party
           ,
           and
           making
           him
           their
           head
           ,
           to
           follow
           the
           motion
           of
           the
           members
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           at
           the
           discretion
           of
           his
           pretended
           Vassals
           .
           After
           this
           he
           took
           order
           for
           performance
           of
           the
           honours
           due
           to
           Queen
           Germaine
           ,
           and
           the
           Maintenance
           of
           her
           family
           ,
           suitable
           to
           her
           dignity
           .
        
         
         
           The
           Crosses
           that
           rendred
           his
           Conduct
           more
           illustrious
           ,
           attacqued
           him
           early
           :
           Adrian
           of
           Vtrecht
           ,
           Dean
           of
           Lorain
           ,
           was
           sent
           by
           Charles
           into
           Spain
           in
           Ferdinand's
           sickness
           ,
           with
           Patents
           for
           the
           Government
           of
           Spain
           ,
           in
           case
           Ferdinand
           dyed
           :
           After
           his
           death
           ,
           Adrian
           declared
           his
           Charge
           ,
           published
           his
           Patents
           in
           full
           Council
           ;
           and
           would
           have
           taken
           upon
           him
           the
           Soveraign
           administration
           of
           affairs
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           opposed
           it
           ,
           and
           Remonstrates
           ,
           that
           by
           the
           Testament
           of
           Queen
           Isabel
           ,
           King
           Ferdinand
           was
           made
           Regent
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           untill
           Charles
           should
           have
           attained
           the
           Age
           of
           twenty
           years
           ,
           that
           ,
           Ferdinand
           being
           dead
           before
           that
           time
           ,
           he
           was
           by
           his
           Testament
           to
           succeed
           in
           his
           room
           .
           And
           therefore
           the
           Regency
           belonged
           to
           him
           alone
           .
           Moreover
           ,
           that
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           it
           was
           prohibited
           that
           a
           Stranger
           should
           Govern
           the
           State
           ;
           and
           that
           Adrian
           ,
           being
           a
           Fleming
           ,
           his
           birth
           excluded
           him
           from
           what
           he
           pretended
           to
           .
           This
           Contest
           had
           Abettors
           and
           maintainers
           on
           both
           parts
           :
           the
           Cardinal
           had
           the
           good
           Patriots
           on
           his
           side
           ;
           and
           Adrian
           was
           upheld
           by
           the
           ambitious
           Grandees
           ,
           who
           desired
           nothing
           more
           than
           trouble
           to
           gain
           by
           ,
           Charles
           who
           was
           in
           Flanders
           must
           determine
           the
           difference
           :
           but
           while
           his
           Judgement
           was
           expected
           ,
           the
           Cardinal
           and
           Adrian
           Governed
           joyntly
           ,
           and
           both
           signed
           all
           Orders
           and
           Commands
           ;
           though
           Adrian
           was
           but
           the
           shadow
           to
           follow
           the
           motions
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           as
           the
           substance
           acting
           in
           the
           publick
           Affairs
           .
        
         
           The
           first
           that
           by
           Armes
           disturbed
           the
           publick
           peace
           was
           
             Peter
             Porto
             Carrero
          
           ,
           Brother
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Ascalon
           ,
           whose
           Successours
           ,
           are
           ,
           at
           this
           day
           ,
           Marquesses
           of
           Villa-nova
           .
           This
           man
           ,
           of
           great
           
           power
           among
           the
           Portuguese
           beyond
           the
           River
           Guadiana
           ,
           stirred
           up
           the
           people
           on
           that
           side
           the
           River
           to
           take
           up
           Arms
           ,
           and
           set
           all
           in
           confusion
           throughout
           that
           Province
           :
           his
           design
           was
           to
           possess
           himself
           ,
           by
           force
           ,
           of
           the
           great
           Mastership
           of
           St.
           James
           ,
           which
           the
           great
           Gonsalve
           pretended
           to
           ;
           and
           attended
           so
           long
           ,
           till
           death
           put
           an
           end
           to
           his
           pretensions
           ,
           his
           hopes
           ,
           his
           life
           ,
           and
           his
           displeasures
           :
           
             Porto
             Carrero
          
           had
           obtained
           the
           Pope's
           Bulls
           to
           succeed
           Ferdinand
           ,
           in
           case
           he
           survived
           him
           .
           On
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           Prince
           Charles
           who
           was
           in
           Flanders
           had
           the
           Pope's
           Bulls
           for
           the
           three
           great
           Commanderies
           of
           Spain
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           upon
           the
           first
           news
           of
           Carrero's
           Arming
           ,
           without
           more
           ado
           ,
           sent
           towards
           him
           some
           Troops
           of
           his
           men
           at
           Armes
           ,
           under
           the
           Conduct
           of
           
             Ville
             Fanno
          
           who
           restored
           peace
           to
           the
           Province
           ,
           and
           beat
           the
           feeble
           Mutineer
           ,
           into
           more
           wisdom
           for
           the
           future
           :
           The
           best
           remedy
           for
           Troubles
           raised
           by
           particular
           persons
           ,
           is
           the
           Publick
           Force
           .
        
         
           This
           first
           Cloud
           thus
           dissipated
           ,
           the
           Cardinal
           brought
           the
           Court
           and
           Council
           to
           Madrid
           ,
           as
           a
           place
           where
           the
           Liberty
           of
           the
           Regency
           would
           be
           more
           absolute
           against
           the
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           .
           A
           Courrier
           arrives
           there
           from
           Charles
           with
           Letters
           to
           Queen
           Germaine
           ,
           the
           Council
           ,
           and
           Grandees
           ;
           containing
           his
           promise
           of
           coming
           into
           Spain
           the
           next
           Summer
           ;
           with
           Order
           to
           all
           that
           owed
           him
           obedience
           ,
           to
           pay
           it
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           intirely
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           .
           These
           Letters
           came
           attended
           with
           private
           instructions
           to
           Adrian
           to
           found
           their
           opinions
           of
           the
           new
           Title
           of
           King
           of
           Spain
           ,
           which
           he
           had
           assumed
           on
           the
           death
           of
           
             Ferdinand
             ,
             Adrian
          
           speaks
           of
           it
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           and
           Council
           ;
           
           they
           wonder
           at
           the
           Novelty
           ,
           and
           Answer
           ,
           That
           by
           Ferdinand's
           death
           ,
           Charles
           had
           acquired
           nothing
           in
           Spain
           ;
           That
           the
           Queen
           his
           Mother
           lived
           there
           sole
           Heiress
           of
           the
           Kingdoms
           .
           In
           their
           Letters
           to
           Charles
           ,
           they
           remonstrate
           that
           his
           Assuming
           the
           quality
           of
           King
           ,
           might
           cause
           trouble
           in
           the
           State
           ,
           by
           furnishing
           seditious
           Spirits
           with
           a
           pretence
           to
           take
           up
           Arms
           ;
           and
           declare
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           not
           Just
           to
           suffer
           the
           usurpation
           of
           the
           Royalty
           ,
           during
           the
           life
           of
           their
           natural
           Queen
           .
           Charles
           answered
           ,
           that
           having
           taken
           upon
           him
           the
           quality
           of
           King
           at
           the
           request
           of
           the
           Pope
           ,
           and
           by
           advice
           of
           the
           Emperour
           ;
           it
           would
           not
           become
           him
           to
           quit
           it
           ,
           but
           would
           be
           of
           prejudice
           to
           his
           Authority
           ,
           and
           derogatory
           to
           his
           honour
           .
           He
           writes
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           imploy
           his
           Credit
           to
           procure
           him
           the
           continuance
           of
           the
           name
           of
           King
           ,
           and
           to
           proclaim
           him
           King
           throughout
           Spain
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           sitts
           about
           it
           ,
           and
           plyes
           it
           closely
           ;
           called
           an
           Assembly
           of
           the
           Notable
           persons
           of
           the
           Realm
           composed
           of
           Prelats
           ,
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           Counsellors
           of
           State
           ,
           and
           causes
           overtures
           to
           be
           made
           ,
           and
           the
           Affair
           proposed
           to
           them
           by
           
             Laurence
             Galiud
          
           Counsellor
           of
           State
           ,
           his
           Confident
           ,
           a
           man
           of
           great
           Learning
           and
           Eloquence
           .
           Who
           declared
           to
           the
           Assembly
           the
           pittiful
           condition
           ,
           and
           miserable
           Estate
           of
           Queen
           Joan
           now
           besides
           her self
           ,
           and
           uncapable
           to
           Govern
           ;
           shews
           them
           the
           necessity
           of
           having
           a
           Prince
           ,
           who
           might
           ,
           at
           least
           in
           name
           ,
           fill
           up
           what
           she
           could
           not
           indeed
           possess
           :
           That
           Authority
           was
           the
           soul
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ;
           and
           since
           it
           could
           not
           be
           found
           in
           the
           person
           of
           Joan
           ,
           they
           must
           seek
           it
           in
           that
           of
           Charles
           :
           That
           it
           was
           no
           new
           thing
           for
           the
           Infantes
           
           of
           Spain
           to
           bear
           the
           Title
           of
           Kings
           in
           their
           Parents
           life-time
           .
           He
           cited
           Presidents
           in
           the
           Reign
           of
           the
           Goths
           and
           their
           Successours
           .
           In
           the
           Close
           of
           his
           discourse
           ,
           he
           drew
           out
           of
           his
           bosome
           the
           Prince's
           Letters
           ,
           not
           demanding
           advice
           ,
           but
           commanding
           obedience
           ;
           and
           concluded
           it
           better
           ,
           By
           unanimous
           consent
           to
           gratifie
           him
           in
           his
           desires
           ,
           with
           Congratulation
           to
           him
           for
           the
           Title
           he
           had
           assumed
           ,
           than
           to
           refuse
           him
           That
           he
           had
           already
           taken
           ,
           and
           was
           resolved
           to
           keep
           .
           The
           Bishops
           ,
           and
           Councellours
           of
           State
           ,
           were
           of
           his
           Opinion
           :
           The
           Grandees
           ,
           of
           the
           Contrary
           .
           
             Henry
             Almirante
          
           ,
           and
           
             Frederick
             D'
             Alva
          
           ,
           swore
           before
           the
           Assembly
           ,
           They
           would
           never
           endure
           such
           an
           Usurpation
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           turns
           to
           them
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           face
           and
           voice
           full
           of
           severity
           sayes
           ,
           King
           Charles
           has
           no
           need
           of
           your
           Votes
           for
           the
           quality
           he
           Assumes
           ;
           nor
           did
           I
           assemble
           you
           ,
           to
           desire
           them
           :
           but
           of
           my
           free
           inclinations
           for
           your
           good
           to
           give
           you
           this
           occasion
           by
           the
           freeness
           of
           your
           Suffrages
           and
           cheerful
           Consent
           ,
           to
           merit
           the
           good-will
           and
           favour
           of
           our
           Prince
           .
           But
           since
           you
           conceive
           that
           to
           be
           due
           to
           you
           of
           Right
           ,
           which
           was
           done
           you
           of
           Courtesie
           ;
           I
           'le
           make
           you
           know
           ,
           you
           are
           not
           so
           necessary
           in
           this
           business
           as
           you
           mistake
           your selves
           to
           be
           .
           And
           going
           out
           of
           the
           Council
           he
           sent
           for
           the
           Governour
           of
           Madrid
           ,
           and
           commanded
           him
           to
           cause
           Charles
           of
           Austria
           ,
           to
           be
           proclaimed
           King
           of
           Castile
           by
           sound
           of
           Trumpet
           in
           every
           Street
           of
           the
           Town
           ;
           which
           was
           solemnly
           done
           the
           same
           day
           .
           Toledo
           followed
           the
           Example
           of
           Madrid
           ,
           and
           joyfully
           made
           the
           like
           Proclamation
           :
           Such
           was
           the
           fruit
           of
           the
           Cardinals
           Severity
           ,
           that
           the
           Grandees
           durst
           not
           attempt
           any
           
           thing
           to
           hinder
           it
           .
           Where
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           sees
           ,
           Discourse
           and
           Perswasions
           too
           feeble
           to
           prevail
           ,
           he
           must
           use
           severity
           and
           force
           to
           back
           his
           Authority
           .
        
         
           The
           Kingdom
           of
           Arragon
           ,
           followed
           not
           the
           example
           of
           
             Castile
             .
             Alfonso
          
           of
           Arragon
           ,
           Bishop
           of
           Saragosa
           ,
           was
           Governour
           there
           by
           the
           Testament
           of
           Ferdinand
           .
           The
           Arragonois
           ,
           wonderful
           Jealous
           of
           the
           Laws
           of
           their
           State
           ,
           refused
           to
           give
           Charles
           the
           Title
           of
           King
           ,
           during
           his
           mothers
           life
           :
           And
           ,
           to
           second
           the
           refusal
           with
           violence
           ,
           
             Peter
             Gironne
          
           ,
           eldest
           Son
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Vrenne
           ,
           takes
           up
           Armes
           ,
           attacques
           the
           Dutchy
           of
           
             Medina
             ,
             Sedonia
          
           pretending
           a
           right
           to
           't
           ;
           and
           besieges
           Luzerre
           on
           the
           Sea
           side
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           sends
           against
           him
           a
           light
           Army
           under
           the
           Conduct
           of
           
             Anthony
             Fonseca
          
           ,
           and
           with
           him
           a
           Minister
           of
           Justice
           to
           punish
           the
           Rebells
           with
           the
           Axe
           and
           Rope
           ;
           Fonseca
           goes
           directly
           to
           Luzerre
           ,
           raiseth
           the
           Siege
           ,
           and
           puts
           the
           Rebells
           to
           flight
           ;
           who
           not
           long
           after
           came
           from
           those
           parts
           to
           increase
           the
           troubles
           raised
           by
           the
           Duke
           of
           Infantade
           on
           his
           side
           :
           Who
           keeping
           in
           mind
           the
           offence
           given
           by
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           by
           breaking
           off
           (
           as
           he
           said
           )
           the
           Marriage
           between
           his
           Niece
           ,
           and
           the
           Duke's
           Nephew
           ,
           exclaimed
           against
           him
           in
           Words
           and
           Writing
           ;
           publishing
           in
           his
           Manifestoes
           ,
           that
           the
           Nobility
           of
           Spain
           were
           oppressed
           by
           the
           Cardinal
           (
           whom
           he
           called
           an
           unfrock'd
           Monk
           )
           ;
           That
           the
           grandees
           of
           Spain
           had
           ever
           defended
           the
           Crown
           ;
           that
           it
           was
           more
           reasonable
           the
           Cardinal
           should
           obey
           them
           as
           Protectors
           of
           the
           State
           ,
           than
           that
           they
           should
           submit
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           who
           had
           nothing
           worthy
           the
           taking
           notice
           of
           ,
           but
           the
           
           quality
           he
           owed
           to
           the
           gift
           of
           blind
           Fortune
           ;
           and
           knew
           no
           more
           than
           the
           severities
           and
           humoursome
           Vagaries
           the
           Monks
           practise
           in
           their
           Cloysters
           ,
           when
           they
           persecute
           one
           another
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           who
           was
           excellently
           judicious
           slighted
           these
           Rodomantadoes
           ,
           knowing
           that
           Choler
           without
           Force
           ,
           is
           a
           Wind
           that
           makes
           a
           noise
           but
           cann●●
           〈◊〉
           .
           That
           the
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           ,
           spend
           their
           Revenues
           on
           their
           Vanity
           and
           Luxury
           ,
           to
           the
           last
           Farthing
           ;
           having
           nothing
           left
           but
           noise
           and
           exclamations
           ,
           the
           feeble
           support
           of
           their
           huffing
           and
           pride
           ;
           when
           he
           could
           pay
           an
           Army
           with
           the
           Revenue
           of
           his
           Benefices
           .
           And
           leaving
           them
           thus
           to
           Champ
           on
           the
           bit
           ,
           he
           gave
           them
           leisure
           to
           acknowledge
           their
           fault
           and
           feebleness
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           Experience
           of
           his
           powerful
           Authority
           to
           come
           to
           themselves
           ,
           and
           return
           to
           their
           duty
           ;
           which
           most
           of
           them
           did
           ,
           and
           among
           others
           the
           Duke
           of
           Infantade
           ,
           who
           ,
           after
           so
           many
           sallies
           ,
           and
           freaks
           ,
           sent
           him
           Letters
           of
           Submission
           and
           testimonials
           of
           his
           Affection
           and
           Obedience
           .
           For
           they
           saw
           this
           Man
           intirely
           fix'd
           and
           resolute
           in
           his
           designs
           ;
           when
           just
           then
           he
           had
           rendred
           himself
           capable
           to
           command
           Armies
           ,
           learning
           daily
           the
           Theory
           and
           practick
           of
           the
           Art
           of
           Warr
           ,
           entertaining
           himself
           with
           Discourses
           of
           all
           points
           thereof
           ,
           amongst
           the
           sagest
           and
           most
           Ancient
           Captains
           .
           Besides
           ,
           he
           had
           a
           standing
           Army
           of
           thirty
           thousand
           men
           ,
           raised
           out
           of
           the
           Cities
           and
           Burroughs
           of
           Spain
           ,
           who
           had
           no
           other
           pay
           than
           Franchises
           and
           Immunities
           ;
           These
           Forces
           made
           him
           formidable
           to
           his
           personal
           Enemies
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           Disturbers
           of
           the
           publick
           peace
           .
           As
           wings
           carry
           the
           Eagle
           to
           the
           glory
           of
           Combat
           ;
           so
           Armies
           ,
           
           the
           wings
           of
           Royal
           Authority
           ,
           carry
           it
           against
           the
           Enemies
           of
           the
           State
           ,
           to
           their
           ruine
           and
           confusion
           ,
           but
           to
           its
           own
           certain
           Victory
           and
           Triumph
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           Year
           being
           1516.
           the
           Cardinal
           sent
           to
           Charles
           in
           
             Flanders
             ,
             Diego
             Lopez
             Ajala
          
           ,
           a
           person
           in
           whom
           he
           reposed
           much
           confidence
           ,
           to
           procure
           Letters
           Patents
           to
           confirm
           Ferdinands
           Testament
           ,
           which
           gave
           him
           the
           Regency
           ;
           to
           approve
           his
           Conduct
           ;
           and
           to
           give
           him
           full
           Authority
           over
           the
           Council
           ,
           the
           Tribunals
           of
           Justice
           ,
           the
           Governours
           of
           Towns
           ,
           and
           the
           Receivers
           and
           Treasurers
           of
           the
           
             Finances
             .
             Diego
          
           had
           in
           his
           Instructions
           ,
           To
           let
           the
           King
           know
           ,
           that
           the
           Grant
           of
           these
           things
           by
           Letters
           Missive
           to
           the
           Council
           ,
           was
           not
           sufficient
           .
           This
           he
           did
           to
           take
           away
           all
           pretence
           from
           the
           Grandees
           for
           stirring
           the
           people
           against
           him
           ,
           on
           colour
           that
           his
           Actions
           were
           not
           approved
           of
           by
           the
           Prince
           .
           For
           upon
           his
           setting
           a
           foot
           thirty
           thousand
           men
           of
           the
           Militia
           of
           the
           Towns
           and
           Cities
           which
           received
           Immunities
           only
           ,
           for
           pay
           ;
           the
           great
           Ones
           of
           Spain
           gave
           out
           that
           these
           violent
           Courses
           tended
           to
           the
           subversion
           of
           the
           State
           That
           he
           Armed
           the
           people
           against
           them
           ,
           and
           with
           design
           first
           to
           destroy
           them
           ,
           and
           then
           to
           ruine
           the
           People
           ;
           That
           his
           irregular
           Ambition
           ,
           and
           exorbitant
           Pride
           had
           transported
           him
           into
           a
           fantastick
           extravagancy
           of
           Acting
           the
           Captain
           ,
           who
           had
           never
           handled
           any
           Arms
           but
           a
           Breviary
           ;
           nor
           worn
           any
           Armour
           but
           a
           Frock
           .
           Insomuch
           that
           when
           he
           sent
           Japie
           of
           Segonia
           to
           make
           Levies
           of
           the
           Militia
           at
           Valladolid
           ,
           the
           inhabitants
           ,
           instigated
           by
           
             Henry
             Almirant
          
           and
           others
           ,
           ran
           to
           their
           Arms
           ,
           imprisoned
           Japie
           ,
           fortified
           
           the
           Town
           ;
           and
           rolling
           the
           Cannons
           to
           the
           Ramparts
           ,
           cryed
           openly
           in
           the
           Streets
           ,
           This
           is
           against
           Ximenes
           the
           Tyrant
           of
           the
           people
           .
           The
           like
           fury
           was
           practised
           in
           the
           Towns
           neer
           Valladolid
           ;
           and
           passing
           forward
           ,
           like
           Fire
           in
           a
           Forest
           ,
           drew
           the
           Cities
           of
           
             Leon
             ,
             Burgos
          
           ,
           and
           many
           more
           ,
           into
           the
           like
           Revolt
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           was
           of
           opinion
           that
           violent
           Remedies
           would
           heighten
           the
           disease
           ,
           and
           inflame
           the
           more
           ;
           and
           inclined
           to
           reduce
           the
           Mutineers
           to
           their
           duty
           by
           the
           wayes
           of
           Sweetness
           and
           Gentleness
           .
           Hence
           it
           was
           ,
           that
           he
           writ
           to
           them
           of
           Valladolid
           that
           had
           begun
           the
           disorder
           ,
           That
           he
           never
           intended
           to
           infringe
           their
           priviledges
           ,
           or
           violate
           their
           immunities
           :
           But
           that
           ,
           if
           they
           had
           any
           to
           exempt
           them
           from
           the
           Levies
           of
           the
           Militia
           ,
           they
           ought
           to
           make
           them
           known
           to
           the
           Council
           ;
           where
           he
           would
           protect
           them
           to
           the
           utmost
           of
           his
           power
           .
        
         
           But
           Reason
           and
           Gentleness
           are
           sometimes
           encouragements
           to
           greater
           Insolences
           in
           the
           people
           :
           They
           of
           Valladolid
           sent
           the
           Cardinal
           an
           arrogant
           Answer
           ,
           that
           they
           had
           nothing
           to
           do
           with
           him
           ,
           nor
           the
           Council
           ,
           for
           the
           preservation
           of
           their
           priviledges
           ;
           but
           knew
           well
           enough
           how
           to
           maintain
           them
           by
           their
           Armes
           against
           his
           manifest
           Tyranny
           ;
           and
           yet
           doubtless
           this
           was
           the
           Language
           of
           the
           great
           Ones
           in
           the
           mouth
           of
           the
           people
           .
           They
           send
           into
           Flanders
           a
           solemn
           Embassy
           to
           Charles
           against
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           to
           represent
           the
           peril
           he
           put
           the
           State
           of
           Spain
           in
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           ,
           whose
           prudence
           and
           courage
           crowned
           all
           his
           enterprizes
           with
           good
           success
           ,
           sent
           also
           into
           Flanders
           ;
           and
           by
           the
           negotiation
           of
           his
           
             Diego
             Lopez
          
           ,
           a
           man
           of
           Judgement
           and
           Dexterity
           ,
           prepossessed
           
           Charles
           and
           made
           it
           appear
           to
           him
           ,
           that
           the
           Revolts
           in
           Spain
           were
           effects
           of
           the
           envy
           and
           malice
           of
           the
           great
           Ones
           .
           Moreover
           ,
           he
           ordered
           him
           to
           press
           for
           the
           Confirmation
           he
           desired
           ,
           and
           to
           declare
           that
           if
           it
           were
           not
           sent
           him
           ,
           he
           would
           quit
           the
           management
           of
           Affairs
           ,
           and
           go
           to
           Toledo
           to
           enjoy
           there
           that
           Repose
           which
           is
           not
           to
           be
           found
           at
           Court.
           
        
         
           The
           business
           of
           the
           Militia
           was
           for
           some
           time
           interrupted
           and
           laid
           aside
           ,
           till
           these
           Seditious
           were
           banished
           Spain
           .
           But
           (
           as
           the
           institution
           thereof
           by
           the
           Cardinal
           was
           upon
           grounds
           of
           prudence
           ,
           and
           very
           necessary
           to
           the
           Kingdom
           )
           Philip
           the
           second
           ,
           a
           Judicious
           Prince
           ,
           Re-established
           it
           in
           the
           year
           1565.
           long
           after
           the
           decease
           of
           Ximenes
           .
           The
           Training
           of
           the
           People
           to
           Warr
           ,
           is
           the
           fortifying
           of
           the
           State.
           And
           the
           prudent
           Counsels
           of
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           ,
           who
           designs
           the
           good
           of
           the
           publick
           ,
           are
           durable
           ;
           and
           Time
           ,
           the
           Father
           of
           truth
           ,
           dissipating
           the
           Factions
           and
           Fictions
           of
           those
           that
           Envy
           him
           ,
           give
           them
           the
           glorious
           advantage
           to
           serve
           after
           his
           death
           ,
           for
           the
           rule
           of
           good
           Conduct
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CAP.
           XI
           .
        
         
           THe
           Affairs
           of
           the
           Marine
           ,
           claimed
           no
           less
           share
           in
           the
           cares
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           than
           the
           other
           Affairs
           of
           Spain
           .
           The
           death
           of
           Ferdinand
           ,
           the
           malady
           of
           Queen
           Joan
           ,
           the
           absence
           and
           immaturity
           of
           Charles
           had
           made
           way
           for
           disorders
           to
           creep
           in
           ,
           to
           their
           Ruine
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           re-establishes
           at
           Sevil
           the
           ancient
           Methods
           for
           Regulating
           the
           Maritine
           Affairs
           ,
           re-fitts
           the
           number
           of
           Men
           of
           Warr
           necessary
           for
           defence
           of
           the
           Coast
           ;
           and
           Chasing
           Pyrats
           ,
           Manns
           and
           furnishes
           them
           with
           Cannon
           ,
           Powder
           ,
           Bullets
           ,
           and
           Victuals
           .
           
             Diego
             Columbo
          
           the
           Admiral
           ,
           son
           of
           the
           great
           
             Christopher
             Columbo
          
           who
           filled
           the
           new
           World
           with
           the
           Reputation
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           Spain
           with
           the
           Treasures
           of
           the
           new
           World
           ,
           addresses
           himself
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           as
           Regent
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ;
           beseeching
           him
           to
           extend
           his
           Compassion
           and
           Justice
           to
           the
           Isles
           of
           the
           Ocean
           depending
           on
           the
           Crown
           of
           Spain
           ,
           where
           the
           merciless
           Spaniards
           treated
           the
           Natives
           ill
           ,
           committing
           inhuman
           Cruelties
           and
           using
           them
           worse
           than
           Mules
           or
           Asses
           ,
           forcing
           them
           to
           carry
           burdens
           ,
           and
           to
           undergo
           Labours
           and
           Toyler
           intolerable
           ;
           That
           these
           poor
           Islanders
           were
           men
           ,
           and
           carryed
           in
           their
           faces
           the
           image
           of
           God
           as
           well
           as
           the
           Spaniards
           ;
           That
           if
           they
           were
           duller
           and
           more
           ignorant
           than
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           they
           were
           also
           better
           and
           more
           innocent
           than
           they
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           sent
           thither
           Judges
           of
           known
           integrity
           and
           sufficiency
           to
           end
           the
           differences
           which
           avarice
           and
           fury
           had
           sown
           in
           the
           Islands
           ,
           and
           in
           order
           
           
           
           
           
           to
           the
           relief
           of
           the
           Islanders
           ,
           of
           whom
           some
           were
           killed
           daily
           by
           the
           Spaniards
           in
           their
           Sugar-works
           ,
           sent
           dispatches
           to
           Charles
           on
           that
           Subject
           ,
           desiring
           him
           to
           do
           therein
           as
           he
           thought
           fit
           .
           Charles
           ,
           by
           advice
           of
           the
           Flemings
           ,
           and
           without
           the
           privity
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           commanded
           400
           Moors
           brought
           from
           the
           Land
           of
           Negroes
           into
           Portugal
           ,
           to
           be
           sent
           into
           the
           Islands
           to
           labour
           in
           the
           Sugar-works
           ,
           and
           ease
           the
           Islanders
           ,
           who
           were
           naturally
           weak
           and
           feeble
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           ,
           advertised
           of
           this
           Order
           ,
           dispatched
           a
           Courrier
           to
           Charles
           to
           put
           him
           in
           mind
           of
           the
           inconveniencies
           might
           ensue
           upon
           the
           introduction
           of
           these
           Negroes
           who
           were
           a
           strong
           and
           Warlike
           people
           ,
           and
           would
           questionless
           teach
           the
           Islanders
           the
           use
           of
           Armes
           ,
           and
           the
           Art
           of
           Warr
           ,
           which
           would
           one
           day
           cause
           a
           notable
           Revolt
           .
           Charles
           communicates
           to
           his
           Council
           the
           Advices
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           ;
           the
           Flemings
           divert
           him
           from
           following
           them
           ;
           and
           perswade
           him
           ,
           This
           Advice
           proceeded
           from
           the
           Cardinals
           Ambition
           because
           he
           was
           not
           consulted
           with
           in
           the
           Affair
           :
           But
           in
           1522.
           (
           5
           years
           after
           the
           Cardinals
           death
           )
           Charles
           felt
           to
           his
           cost
           the
           peril
           the
           Islands
           were
           in
           ,
           occasioned
           by
           the
           flighting
           of
           that
           Counsel
           ;
           for
           the
           Moors
           ,
           taking
           up
           Arms
           at
           the
           Isle
           of
           St.
           Domingo
           ,
           Attacqued
           the
           Town
           of
           that
           name
           ,
           and
           had
           put
           all
           to
           Fire
           and
           Sword
           ,
           if
           not
           prevented
           by
           the
           valour
           of
           
             Melchior
             Castre
          
           ,
           and
           
             Francis
             D'
             Avila
          
           ,
           who
           forced
           them
           to
           retreat
           and
           flee
           to
           the
           Mountains
           ;
           and
           being
           beaten
           thence
           by
           the
           Admirals
           Army
           ,
           they
           had
           the
           deserts
           of
           their
           Rebellion
           in
           the
           punishment
           of
           the
           Axe
           and
           the
           Rope
           inflicted
           on
           them
           .
        
         
           The
           Warr
           of
           Navarr
           which
           happened
           in
           the
           
           time
           that
           the
           Cardinal
           ordered
           the
           Affairs
           of
           the
           Marine
           ,
           was
           an
           Evidence
           of
           his
           Courage
           and
           the
           haughtiness
           of
           his
           Conduct
           :
           He
           sent
           an
           Army
           which
           stopped
           the
           Progress
           of
           the
           French
           more
           by
           the
           advantage
           of
           narrow
           and
           difficult
           wayes
           ,
           than
           their
           Valour
           and
           Arms
           :
           and
           ,
           to
           deprive
           the
           Navarrois
           of
           occasion
           to
           take
           up
           Armes
           again
           ,
           and
           recalling
           home
           their
           Ancient
           and
           Lawful
           Lords
           ,
           he
           pulled
           down
           the
           Walls
           of
           all
           their
           places
           of
           strength
           ,
           except
           Pampelun
           ,
           and
           demolished
           all
           their
           Castles
           and
           Forts
           :
           which
           was
           afterwards
           of
           great
           advantage
           to
           Spain
           ,
           which
           possessing
           Navarr
           without
           just
           Title
           ,
           kept
           it
           by
           the
           force
           of
           the
           Garrisons
           placed
           there
           ,
           and
           the
           weakness
           of
           the
           inhabitants
           .
           Great
           States
           are
           subject
           to
           Revolts
           ,
           as
           gross
           bodies
           to
           Feavers
           .
           Malaga
           ,
           a
           Martine
           Town
           of
           Spain
           takes
           up
           Arms
           ,
           and
           cryes
           Liberty
           ,
           on
           this
           occasion
           .
           Complaint
           was
           made
           ,
           that
           no
           punishment
           was
           inflicted
           on
           Robbers
           taken
           in
           the
           City
           ,
           though
           Justice
           had
           been
           demanded
           ;
           for
           the
           Criminal
           ,
           by
           appeal
           from
           the
           sentence
           of
           the
           Judges
           of
           the
           City
           to
           the
           Admiral
           of
           Castile
           ,
           the
           Soveraign
           Judge
           in
           places
           neer
           the
           Sea
           ,
           oft
           escaped
           the
           punishments
           due
           to
           his
           misdeeds
           :
           the
           people
           in
           Armes
           ran
           into
           the
           places
           subject
           to
           the
           Admiral
           's
           Jurisdiction
           ,
           demolish
           the
           Tribunals
           of
           his
           Officers
           of
           Justice
           ,
           beat
           down
           the
           Racks
           and
           Gibbets
           set
           up
           for
           marks
           of
           their
           Soveraignty
           ,
           and
           ,
           to
           maintain
           the
           sedition
           ,
           roll
           the
           Cannons
           off
           the
           Ramparts
           ,
           shut
           the
           City
           Gates
           ,
           and
           declare
           ,
           that
           if
           the
           Cardinal
           would
           use
           his
           ordinary
           Violences
           to
           the
           prejudice
           of
           their
           Liberties
           ,
           they
           knew
           how
           to
           defend
           them
           by
           Force
           .
           The
           Inhabitants
           brought
           into
           
           one
           place
           all
           their
           Utensils
           of
           Brass
           and
           Copper
           ,
           and
           having
           melted
           them
           down
           ,
           Cast
           new
           Cannons
           ,
           with
           the
           Armes
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           these
           words
           atop
           ,
           
             The
             Defenders
             of
             the
             Liberty
             of
          
           Malaga
           ,
           
             caused
             these
             Cannons
             to
             be
             Cast
             .
          
           The
           Flemmings
           in
           Charles's
           Court
           ,
           thinking
           to
           draw
           the
           Envy
           and
           Blame
           of
           the
           Rebellion
           of
           Malaga
           ,
           on
           the
           Cardinal's
           Conduct
           ,
           who
           ,
           they
           said
           ,
           was
           too
           harsh
           ,
           and
           Rigorous
           for
           the
           people
           of
           Spain
           ;
           encouraged
           those
           of
           Malaga
           by
           Letters
           ,
           to
           defend
           themselves
           against
           his
           Violence
           ,
           promising
           them
           their
           Assistance
           with
           Charles
           .
           But
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           slighting
           the
           threats
           of
           the
           Flemmings
           ,
           carryed
           on
           his
           Affairs
           with
           Courage
           and
           Prudence
           ;
           and
           like
           a
           sage
           Pilot
           ,
           who
           scorns
           to
           forsake
           the
           Helm
           in
           a
           Tempest
           ,
           continued
           his
           Conduct
           ;
           and
           applyed
           the
           Remedies
           he
           thought
           proper
           for
           these
           Popular
           Commotions
           ,
           by
           sending
           6000
           Foot
           ,
           and
           400
           Horse
           of
           the
           Militia
           of
           Spain
           ,
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           
             Anthony
             Cueva
          
           ,
           directly
           to
           Malaga
           ;
           with
           Order
           to
           use
           the
           inhabitants
           as
           Enemies
           of
           the
           State.
           Cueva
           marches
           with
           these
           forces
           ;
           and
           being
           within
           two
           dayes
           March
           of
           the
           City
           ,
           the
           Citizens
           ,
           better
           advised
           ,
           sent
           their
           Deputies
           to
           tender
           him
           Obedience
           .
           He
           goes
           thither
           ,
           and
           enters
           the
           City
           ,
           disarmed
           the
           Rebels
           ,
           and
           Hanged
           five
           only
           ,
           for
           an
           Example
           ,
           and
           Terrour
           to
           others
           .
           Thus
           ,
           without
           Expence
           ,
           without
           spilling
           the
           blood
           of
           the
           Subject
           ,
           whereof
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           ought
           to
           be
           alwayes
           sparing
           ;
           the
           Cardinal
           quenched
           the
           fire
           of
           Rebellion
           ,
           kindled
           in
           a
           place
           from
           whence
           it
           might
           have
           easily
           dilated
           to
           the
           utter
           Consumption
           of
           the
           soundest
           parts
           of
           the
           State.
           Of
           so
           great
           importance
           it
           is
           ,
           that
           the
           
           Authority
           of
           a
           Minister
           be
           intire
           ,
           and
           like
           that
           of
           the
           Soveraign's
           it
           represents
           .
        
         
           The
           flames
           of
           Rebellion
           were
           no
           sooner
           quenched
           in
           one
           part
           of
           Spain
           ,
           but
           the
           Grandees
           blew
           them
           up
           in
           another
           ;
           and
           alwayes
           with
           design
           to
           charge
           the
           Cardinals
           Conduct
           with
           the
           blame
           of
           the
           Confl●gration
           .
           They
           set
           up
           
             Velasio
             Cuellar
          
           ,
           high
           Treasurer
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           Superintendant
           of
           the
           Finances
           ,
           against
           the
           Cardinal
           ;
           and
           ,
           to
           engage
           him
           to
           Arm
           with
           more
           Ardour
           and
           Eagerness
           ,
           they
           make
           
             Mary
             ,
             Velasio
          
           his
           Wife
           ,
           of
           the
           party
           :
           who
           perswaded
           him
           to
           seize
           Arevale
           ,
           which
           he
           did
           ,
           and
           Cantoned
           it
           with
           his
           Forces
           ,
           whom
           he
           disposed
           into
           several
           quarters
           ,
           Fortified
           by
           him
           in
           that
           Countrey
           .
           The
           Admiral
           of
           Spain
           was
           the
           principal
           Boutefeu
           ,
           and
           main
           Incendiary
           ,
           and
           Ringleader
           of
           this
           new
           Commotion
           ;
           he
           foments
           it
           ,
           goes
           by
           Night
           to
           the
           Duches
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           speaks
           to
           the
           Inhabitants
           ,
           encourages
           them
           to
           hold
           out
           stifly
           ;
           promising
           them
           Succours
           of
           Men
           ,
           and
           supplyes
           of
           Money
           ,
           in
           case
           they
           were
           Assaulted
           ;
           And
           that
           he
           would
           come
           in
           person
           to
           defend
           them
           from
           the
           Violences
           of
           the
           Regent
           ,
           till
           the
           arrival
           of
           Charls
           into
           Spain
           ,
           for
           their
           deliverance
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           knew
           of
           these
           Troubles
           ,
           and
           the
           Abettors
           thereof
           ;
           and
           fearing
           to
           lose
           Velasio
           ,
           a
           person
           of
           quality
           ,
           he
           tryed
           every
           way
           before
           that
           of
           force
           to
           reduce
           him
           :
           he
           writ
           ,
           exhorted
           ,
           intreated
           ,
           and
           threatned
           if
           he
           obeyed
           not
           ,
           but
           all
           to
           no
           purpose
           :
           This
           obliged
           him
           to
           send
           thither
           some
           Regiments
           of
           Horse
           ,
           and
           Foot
           ,
           with
           a
           train
           of
           Artillery
           ,
           under
           the
           Command
           of
           Cornelius
           .
           The
           Forces
           arrived
           at
           the
           place
           ,
           and
           the
           Captain
           summoned
           Velasio
           to
           render
           himself
           ,
           
           declaring
           that
           in
           case
           of
           disobedience
           ,
           he
           would
           put
           all
           to
           Fire
           and
           Sword
           ,
           and
           him
           to
           death
           by
           the
           hand
           of
           a
           Hang-man
           ,
           and
           transmit
           to
           his
           posterity
           the
           infamy
           of
           his
           Crime
           .
           Velasio
           ,
           seeing
           himself
           deceived
           by
           the
           Admiral
           ,
           and
           other
           Grandees
           ,
           who
           had
           made
           him
           promises
           of
           Forces
           and
           other
           Succours
           they
           could
           not
           perform
           ,
           consulted
           his
           own
           safety
           ,
           obeyed
           ,
           opened
           the
           Gates
           ;
           and
           received
           Grace
           and
           Pardon
           ,
           instead
           of
           the
           Punishment
           he
           deserved
           .
        
         
           The
           Cardinal
           having
           appeased
           this
           Sedition
           also
           ,
           without
           Charge
           or
           Blood
           ,
           gave
           Charls
           Advice
           thereof
           ,
           and
           intreated
           him
           to
           cause
           the
           Admiral
           to
           be
           punished
           ,
           as
           the
           Author
           of
           all
           those
           troubles
           that
           arose
           in
           Spain
           ;
           whose
           proceedings
           confirm
           ,
           by
           a
           pregnant
           instance
           ,
           That
           th'
           Obedience
           due
           to
           Kings
           is
           a
           very
           brittle
           and
           frail
           thing
           ,
           if
           not
           upheld
           by
           fear
           ,
           and
           the
           reverence
           of
           Majesty
           .
           To
           preserve
           which
           ,
           the
           Cardinal
           instituted
           the
           Militia
           in
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           have
           Armes
           ready
           at
           hand
           to
           resist
           the
           motions
           of
           Insurrections
           ,
           and
           suppress
           them
           in
           the
           birth
           ,
           without
           giving
           them
           time
           of
           growth
           and
           increase
           .
           And
           ,
           to
           render
           the
           strength
           of
           the
           Militia
           more
           considerable
           he
           caused
           a
           great
           quantity
           of
           Artillery
           to
           be
           made
           :
           and
           filled
           Arsenals
           with
           it
           in
           the
           four
           Corners
           of
           Spain
           ,
           for
           the
           Conveniency
           of
           drawing
           them
           where
           it
           should
           be
           necessary
           for
           defence
           of
           the
           Royal
           Authority
           ,
           with
           these
           fulminous
           Engines
           .
           The
           Cannon
           is
           the
           last
           reason
           of
           Kings
           ,
           and
           ,
           if
           not
           the
           best
           ,
           yet
           certainly
           the
           best
           able
           to
           defend
           them
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CAP.
           XII
           .
        
         
           THhough
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           Regent
           of
           Spain
           after
           Ferdinands
           death
           ,
           had
           in
           his
           hand
           the
           Regal
           Authority
           ,
           yet
           hitherto
           you
           have
           seen
           him
           exercise
           only
           the
           Office
           of
           a
           Physitian
           to
           cure
           the
           distempers
           of
           it
           ;
           But
           now
           that
           he
           hath
           restored
           it
           to
           health
           and
           peace
           ,
           he
           bends
           all
           his
           thoughts
           to
           the
           exercise
           of
           Justice
           ,
           the
           principal
           business
           of
           Kings
           .
           He
           began
           with
           the
           Governours
           of
           Towns
           and
           Cities
           ,
           sending
           Judges
           impartial
           and
           not
           subject
           to
           Corruption
           ,
           to
           inquire
           into
           their
           demeanour
           ,
           and
           inform
           him
           of
           their
           deportment
           and
           behaviour
           in
           their
           places
           ;
           and
           where
           he
           understood
           they
           were
           Tyrannical
           to
           the
           oppression
           of
           the
           poor
           ,
           who
           groaned
           under
           their
           violences
           ,
           he
           deposed
           them
           from
           their
           dignities
           ;
           and
           having
           made
           their
           names
           infamous
           ,
           left
           them
           more
           miserable
           than
           those
           they
           oppressed
           .
           He
           of
           Toledo
           was
           the
           first
           example
           of
           his
           Justice
           .
           The
           Officers
           of
           Justice
           who
           behaved
           themselves
           ill
           ,
           had
           the
           punishments
           they
           deserved
           :
           some
           of
           them
           who
           had
           been
           more
           covetous
           than
           Just
           ,
           having
           sold
           the
           right
           of
           the
           Poor
           to
           the
           purse
           of
           the
           rich
           ,
           were
           whipped
           through
           the
           Streets
           of
           those
           Towns
           where
           they
           had
           been
           in
           Commission
           ;
           with
           a
           Hang-man
           at
           their
           backs
           ,
           and
           before
           them
           ,
           a
           Trumpet
           who
           proclaimed
           their
           shame
           in
           the
           Enormity
           of
           their
           Crime
           .
           The
           like
           usage
           had
           they
           who
           in
           places
           of
           Judicature
           had
           exacted
           sees
           that
           were
           not
           due
           .
           The
           greater
           Gentry
           who
           were
           Justices
           in
           the
           Countreys
           whereof
           
           they
           were
           Lords
           :
           those
           Eagles
           which
           break
           through
           the
           Spider-webb
           ,
           could
           not
           escape
           the
           punishment
           due
           to
           their
           violences
           ,
           by
           being
           exempt
           from
           the
           Jurisdiction
           and
           power
           of
           the
           Judges
           :
           for
           the
           Cardinal
           caused
           them
           to
           be
           handled
           with
           the
           Rigour
           they
           deserved
           .
        
         
           Arrojou
           a
           Knight
           of
           the
           Order
           of
           Calatrava
           ,
           acted
           in
           his
           Commandery
           of
           Zoritan
           like
           a
           Tyrant
           in
           the
           Countrey
           he
           Usurpes
           .
           The
           Maids
           and
           Women
           whom
           Nature
           had
           made
           most
           Beautiful
           ,
           and
           Vertue
           most
           Amiable
           ,
           he
           Sacrificed
           to
           his
           extravagancies
           :
           And
           what
           Love
           could
           not
           obtain
           ,
           Force
           ravished
           from
           them
           :
           Those
           were
           taken
           from
           their
           Parents
           ,
           and
           these
           from
           their
           Husbands
           ,
           to
           serve
           the
           pleasure
           of
           this
           Beast
           ;
           The
           Cardinal
           sent
           a
           power
           Competent
           to
           Attaque
           him
           ,
           but
           by
           flight
           to
           Flanders
           he
           changed
           his
           place
           ,
           but
           escaped
           not
           his
           punishment
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           by
           Letters
           signifies
           to
           Charles
           the
           Exorbitances
           and
           Enormities
           of
           this
           Ruffian
           ,
           and
           the
           punishment
           due
           to
           his
           Crimes
           ,
           and
           prayed
           him
           to
           make
           him
           an
           Example
           of
           his
           Justice
           by
           severity
           answerable
           to
           the
           heinousness
           of
           his
           Actions
           .
        
         
           The
           Treasurers
           of
           the
           Finances
           who
           had
           embezelled
           the
           publick
           Moneys
           (
           which
           are
           the
           blood
           of
           the
           people
           )
           were
           strictly
           Examined
           and
           Narrowly
           sisted
           ,
           nor
           were
           these
           Spunges
           squeezed
           only
           ,
           but
           punished
           for
           their
           Rapines
           .
        
         
           These
           Actions
           of
           Justice
           drew
           an
           universal
           Love
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           from
           the
           people
           of
           Spain
           ,
           who
           reverenced
           his
           Name
           ;
           and
           most
           of
           the
           Grandees
           sought
           his
           Friendship
           ,
           with
           Oaths
           and
           protestations
           to
           defend
           his
           Authority
           as
           their
           
           Lives
           ;
           and
           not
           without
           reason
           .
           For
           ,
           Justice
           the
           Mother
           of
           other
           Vertues
           ,
           being
           the
           Daughter
           of
           Heaven
           and
           Queen
           of
           the
           Earth
           ,
           gains
           them
           that
           Exercise
           it
           the
           savour
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           good
           will
           of
           men
           .
        
         
           The
           happiness
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           was
           this
           great
           mans
           Aim
           ;
           and
           in
           order
           to
           attaining
           a
           compleat
           felicity
           he
           continued
           the
           Exercise
           of
           his
           Justice
           in
           Reducing
           every
           part
           of
           the
           State
           into
           their
           proper
           bounds
           .
           The
           military
           Orders
           of
           Knights
           in
           Spain
           are
           divers
           ,
           and
           of
           great
           Latitude
           ;
           the
           greatness
           of
           their
           power
           made
           them
           usurp
           on
           others
           within
           their
           Jurisdiction
           ,
           and
           abusively
           assume
           Priviledges
           not
           due
           to
           them
           :
           But
           the
           Cardinal
           forced
           them
           to
           make
           restitution
           of
           what
           was
           not
           theirs
           ,
           Regulated
           their
           Jurisdictions
           ,
           and
           Abrogated
           the
           Priviledges
           they
           had
           arrogated
           to
           themselves
           .
           The
           favour
           of
           Court
           having
           introduced
           more
           Members
           into
           the
           Council
           of
           State
           ,
           than
           Merit
           or
           Vertue
           ,
           had
           filled
           it
           with
           Persons
           unworthy
           that
           place
           .
           But
           he
           who
           knew
           that
           the
           Ministers
           who
           serve
           in
           this
           Sacred
           Temple
           of
           Policy
           ought
           to
           be
           persons
           of
           the
           greatest
           experience
           and
           singular
           integrity
           ,
           purged
           it
           of
           all
           those
           who
           were
           unfit
           for
           that
           dignity
           ,
           and
           filled
           their
           places
           with
           better
           men
           .
        
         
           Having
           reformed
           the
           Council
           he
           turned
           to
           the
           Train
           ,
           and
           Attendants
           of
           the
           Court
           ;
           where
           the
           importunity
           and
           impudence
           of
           the
           Mean
           ,
           and
           the
           Recommendations
           of
           the
           great
           Ones
           ,
           had
           introduced
           a
           multitude
           of
           men
           who
           had
           no
           other
           Vertue
           to
           boast
           of
           than
           a
           confident
           Miene
           ,
           a
           proud
           Gate
           ,
           and
           vain
           Discourse
           .
           He
           resolved
           to
           Cashiere
           these
           dronish
           Lurdanes
           ,
           and
           stop
           
           those
           unprofitable
           Mouths
           that
           ate
           the
           Kings
           Bread
           ,
           but
           did
           him
           no
           Service
           :
           which
           he
           did
           with
           one
           dash
           of
           his
           Penn
           ,
           Crossing
           out
           the
           Allowances
           made
           them
           ,
           who
           were
           so
           leight
           in
           their
           Vanities
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           blown
           away
           with
           a
           Feather
           .
           That
           Monarch
           wants
           a
           Guardian
           to
           order
           his
           Affairs
           ,
           who
           by
           the
           Pensions
           he
           bestows
           ,
           feeds
           with
           the
           Bowels
           of
           his
           People
           ,
           such
           men
           as
           are
           neither
           necessary
           for
           him
           ,
           nor
           serviceable
           to
           the
           publick
           .
        
         
           This
           Retrenchment
           was
           Just
           :
           but
           his
           taking
           from
           two
           famous
           Historians
           of
           that
           time
           ,
           the
           Pensions
           given
           them
           as
           due
           to
           their
           Labours
           ,
           is
           marked
           as
           unjust
           in
           the
           History
           of
           his
           Administration
           .
           
             Peter
             Martyr
          
           ,
           and
           
             Gonsales
             D'
             Oviedo
          
           were
           crossed
           out
           amongst
           the
           Retainers
           ;
           but
           revenged
           ,
           with
           their
           Penns
           ,
           the
           Loss
           of
           their
           Pensione
           ;
           staining
           his
           name
           with
           spots
           of
           so
           black
           a
           dye
           ,
           as
           the
           whole
           series
           of
           the
           past
           Age
           hath
           not
           been
           able
           to
           wash
           out
           .
           But
           it
           may
           be
           he
           was
           forced
           to
           this
           ;
           By
           their
           example
           ,
           to
           take
           from
           others
           all
           cause
           of
           Complaint
           .
           But
           what
           an
           example
           is
           this
           to
           robb
           them
           of
           their
           Reward
           who
           deserve
           it
           ,
           and
           take
           away
           the
           Pensions
           of
           two
           Learned
           men
           who
           served
           the
           publick
           .
           Or
           if
           he
           thought
           this
           necessary
           to
           be
           done
           ,
           he
           should
           have
           made
           up
           their
           Pensions
           out
           of
           his
           own
           fortunes
           ,
           and
           paid
           them
           out
           of
           that
           estate
           which
           was
           sufficient
           to
           pay
           an
           Army
           .
        
         
           Peradventure
           't
           was
           Charls
           his
           pleasure
           it
           should
           be
           so
           .
           Had
           he
           so
           little
           credit
           with
           Charles
           whose
           〈◊〉
           he
           preserved
           for
           him
           ,
           as
           not
           to
           prevail
           with
           him
           to
           continue
           the
           Pensions
           of
           two
           Historians
           ,
           who
           could
           have
           given
           Charles
           and
           his
           name
           
           immortal
           Glory
           ?
           This
           seems
           sufficient
           to
           condemn
           his
           Severity
           ,
           and
           call
           it
           Inconsiderate
           .
           But
           the
           greatness
           of
           his
           Conduct
           in
           other
           matters
           ,
           his
           excellent
           Justice
           ,
           and
           singular
           favour
           and
           propensity
           to
           oblige
           men
           of
           Vertue
           ,
           make
           it
           hardly
           credible
           that
           so
           great
           a
           person
           ,
           who
           had
           done
           so
           much
           for
           Learning
           ,
           should
           commit
           so
           gross
           a
           sault
           ;
           but
           give
           cause
           to
           impute
           it
           to
           some
           other
           Minister
           ,
           whose
           enmity
           against
           these
           Historians
           ,
           might
           have
           engaged
           him
           in
           so
           foul
           a
           fact
           .
           Thus
           
             Alvarez
             Gomez
          
           in
           the
           History
           of
           his
           life
           excuses
           him
           ;
           and
           observes
           that
           he
           lamented
           several
           times
           ,
           that
           occasion
           was
           often
           given
           him
           to
           exercise
           just
           Severities
           in
           taking
           from
           men
           what
           they
           unjustly
           possessed
           ;
           and
           not
           to
           express
           his
           Liberality
           ,
           in
           giving
           unto
           them
           those
           Largesses
           he
           esteemed
           due
           from
           him
           to
           Vertue
           .
        
         
           To
           do
           good
           to
           men
           of
           merit
           ,
           is
           to
           pour
           Oyle
           into
           Lamps
           ,
           which
           proves
           no
           less
           usefull
           to
           others
           in
           the
           light
           they
           receive
           from
           them
           ,
           than
           beneficial
           to
           them
           in
           enabling
           them
           to
           impart
           it
           .
        
         
           That
           the
           Exchequer
           be
           full
           ,
           and
           the
           Treasury
           of
           the
           Prince
           abound
           in
           Cash
           ,
           is
           certainly
           one
           of
           the
           things
           most
           necessary
           for
           the
           State
           ;
           this
           defends
           it
           ,
           this
           augments
           its
           Grandeur
           ,
           and
           renders
           it
           formidable
           to
           its
           Enemies
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           who
           harboured
           in
           his
           heart
           as
           one
           common
           Center
           ,
           an
           extraordinary
           zeal
           for
           the
           Service
           of
           his
           Master
           ,
           and
           no
           less
           affection
           for
           the
           good
           of
           the
           people
           ;
           designed
           to
           fill
           the
           Treasuries
           of
           Spain
           ,
           to
           serve
           the
           glory
           of
           his
           Master
           ;
           but
           without
           any
           intention
           to
           inrich
           his
           King
           by
           the
           impoverishment
           of
           his
           people
           ;
           saying
           ,
           Thrift
           and
           Frugality
           ,
           Parsimony
           and
           good
           Husbandry
           ,
           were
           
           great
           Revenues
           to
           a
           monyed
           King
           ,
           as
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           .
           And
           that
           Gifts
           made
           without
           reason
           and
           against
           Justice
           ,
           are
           the
           Moths
           that
           eat
           through
           his
           Baggs
           ,
           and
           the
           Thieves
           that
           empty
           his
           Coffers
           .
           Charles
           ,
           in
           four
           moneths
           of
           his
           Reign
           ,
           gave
           away
           to
           his
           Courtiers
           (
           or
           rather
           Leeches
           of
           his
           Court
           )
           two
           Millions
           of
           Gold
           :
           This
           he
           said
           ,
           with
           grief
           ,
           to
           see
           so
           prodigious
           an
           excess
           ,
           of
           Profuseness
           and
           Lavishment
           :
           Not
           but
           that
           he
           allowed
           Liberality
           place
           among
           the
           Vertues
           of
           a
           Prince
           ,
           but
           that
           he
           would
           have
           it
           exercised
           with
           Moderation
           and
           Justice
           .
        
         
           Henry
           the
           Admiral
           ,
           
             Pacieco
             D'
             Ascalone
          
           ,
           and
           
             Henry
             Fortune
          
           ,
           had
           obtained
           of
           Ferdinand
           ,
           a
           million
           a
           piece
           of
           Lievres
           of
           Gold
           ,
           charged
           on
           the
           Revenue
           of
           Peru
           ;
           and
           should
           have
           received
           it
           at
           the
           return
           of
           the
           Plate-Fleet
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           made
           void
           ,
           and
           annulled
           these
           Gifts
           ;
           And
           though
           Fortune
           was
           of
           Kin
           to
           his
           good
           Master
           Ferdinand
           ,
           he
           took
           from
           him
           his
           Million
           as
           well
           as
           from
           the
           others
           .
           Kings
           ,
           said
           he
           ,
           ought
           to
           dispense
           the
           effects
           of
           their
           Justice
           ,
           indifferently
           to
           persons
           of
           all
           sorts
           ;
           but
           those
           of
           their
           Liberality
           to
           them
           only
           ,
           who
           serve
           their
           Persons
           or
           the
           Publick
           ;
           advantage
           others
           by
           their
           Labours
           ,
           and
           excell
           them
           in
           the
           fidelity
           of
           their
           Services
           ,
           and
           the
           Dignity
           of
           their
           Vertues
           .
           The
           Revenue
           of
           Princes
           ,
           though
           great
           in
           it self
           ,
           is
           alwayes
           too
           little
           for
           the
           necessities
           of
           State
           ,
           and
           passing
           through
           many
           hands
           ,
           is
           much
           diminished
           ere
           it
           arrive
           at
           their
           Coffers
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           to
           provide
           against
           this
           inconvenience
           ,
           gave
           the
           Offices
           of
           the
           Finances
           ,
           to
           men
           fit
           for
           them
           ;
           persons
           under
           no
           necessity
           to
           tempt
           them
           to
           Rapine
           .
           And
           chose
           for
           Surintendant
           
           of
           the
           Kings
           moneys
           ,
           a
           Lord
           by
           Birth
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           Noblest
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           in
           Estate
           the
           Richest
           in
           the
           Kingdom
           .
           Spunges
           full
           of
           water
           ,
           take
           in
           no
           more
           ,
           though
           steeped
           in
           it
           .
        
         
           Great
           Buildings
           ,
           without
           good
           Foundations
           ,
           swagg
           and
           come
           to
           Ruine
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           laid
           three
           Foundations
           necessary
           for
           Royalty
           ,
           whereon
           ,
           as
           on
           firm
           pillars
           ,
           the
           Authority
           thereof
           relies
           :
           The
           first
           is
           Justice
           ,
           when
           the
           King
           dispenses
           it
           to
           his
           Subjects
           impartially
           ,
           and
           without
           respect
           of
           persons
           ;
           when
           the
           Scepter
           affords
           relief
           to
           the
           poor
           and
           the
           weak
           ,
           against
           the
           injuries
           of
           the
           Rich
           ,
           and
           the
           Powerful
           .
           The
           second
           ,
           when
           the
           King
           hath
           a
           respect
           ,
           and
           good
           value
           ,
           for
           the
           Men
           of
           Warr
           ,
           that
           give
           proofs
           of
           their
           Experience
           ,
           and
           Valour
           ,
           in
           the
           Service
           of
           his
           Warrs
           .
           The
           third
           ,
           when
           the
           King
           doth
           not
           squander
           away
           his
           Revenue
           ,
           but
           ,
           by
           thrift
           and
           parsimony
           ,
           keeps
           a
           good
           stock
           in
           Reserve
           for
           Royal
           Enterprizes
           ,
           which
           ought
           to
           be
           his
           ordinary
           Exercises
           ;
           who
           ,
           that
           he
           may
           be
           great
           ,
           must
           do
           great
           things
           .
           Experience
           had
           taught
           the
           Cardinal
           the
           truth
           of
           this
           sage
           Maxim
           ;
           for
           in
           four
           months
           of
           his
           Regency
           under
           Charles
           ,
           by
           help
           of
           his
           Treasure
           ,
           he
           had
           compassed
           his
           designs
           ,
           ended
           a
           Warr
           of
           great
           importance
           ,
           calmed
           the
           Commotions
           of
           Spain
           ,
           made
           sure
           of
           Navarr
           ,
           reduced
           Malaga
           to
           Obedience
           ,
           maintained
           strong
           Garrisons
           on
           the
           Frontiers
           ,
           assured
           the
           Sea-coast
           ,
           made
           incursions
           into
           Africk
           ,
           sent
           a
           Naval
           Army
           against
           Algiers
           ,
           and
           delivered
           
             Bugie
             ,
             Pignon
          
           ,
           and
           Melillo
           ,
           from
           the
           Siege
           of
           Barbarosse
           ,
           great
           Admiral
           of
           the
           Turks
           .
           If
           I
           (
           said
           he
           )
           have
           done
           all
           these
           things
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           oppositions
           of
           my
           Enemies
           ,
           
           what
           cannot
           a
           King
           do
           ,
           by
           his
           absolute
           power
           ,
           if
           he
           leave
           in
           his
           Treasure
           a
           stock
           for
           Royal
           Undertakings
           .
           Money
           being
           the
           sinews
           of
           Warr
           ,
           and
           the
           object
           of
           mens
           Affections
           ,
           the
           Monarch
           who
           is
           Rich
           ,
           becomes
           puissant
           in
           the
           one
           ,
           and
           absolute
           Master
           of
           the
           other
           .
        
         
           The
           glory
           the
           Cardinal
           had
           acquired
           by
           his
           prudent
           management
           of
           the
           State
           ,
           and
           his
           good
           Actions
           to
           private
           persons
           ,
           was
           greatly
           augmented
           by
           the
           Violences
           of
           the
           Turks
           ,
           and
           misfortunes
           of
           Africk
           ,
           which
           brought
           a
           stronger
           King
           at
           his
           feet
           ,
           to
           implore
           his
           Assistance
           .
           The
           King
           of
           Tunis
           ,
           Son
           and
           Heir
           of
           
             Jabet
             Albuzen
          
           ,
           was
           guilty
           of
           the
           Crime
           of
           being
           Neighbour
           to
           a
           Monarch
           ,
           more
           powerful
           than
           he
           ,
           and
           possessing
           a
           Crown
           convenient
           for
           the
           Ottoman
           .
           This
           brought
           a
           Warr
           upon
           him
           ;
           Barbarosse
           who
           had
           command
           from
           the
           Turk
           his
           Master
           to
           oute
           him
           from
           his
           Throne
           ,
           was
           the
           more
           willing
           to
           attacque
           him
           ,
           in
           that
           he
           had
           obtained
           from
           the
           Ottoman
           Poste
           ,
           a
           promise
           to
           succeed
           in
           the
           Throne
           and
           Title
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Tunis
           ,
           in
           case
           he
           Conquered
           him
           ;
           on
           Condition
           nevertheless
           to
           hold
           it
           of
           the
           Crown
           Imperial
           of
           the
           Turks
           .
           The
           Corsayre
           undertakes
           it
           ;
           and
           ,
           over-powering
           Tunis
           ,
           enters
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           drives
           out
           the
           King
           ;
           who
           dispoiled
           of
           his
           Estate
           ,
           embarks
           for
           Spain
           ,
           to
           seek
           relief
           in
           Christendome
           for
           his
           disasters
           :
           in
           his
           passage
           he
           was
           set
           upon
           with
           Tempests
           and
           Storms
           ;
           which
           ,
           though
           less
           than
           those
           he
           met
           with
           at
           Land
           ,
           put
           his
           Vessel
           in
           danger
           ;
           but
           he
           escaped
           a
           wreck
           at
           Sea
           ,
           being
           reserved
           for
           a
           greater
           at
           Land
           ,
           which
           had
           already
           deprived
           him
           of
           his
           Crown
           ,
           his
           estate
           ,
           his
           repose
           ,
           and
           reputation
           ,
           and
           had
           more
           miseries
           in
           store
           
           for
           him
           during
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           life
           ,
           which
           the
           Sea
           might
           have
           swallowed
           up
           ,
           and
           therein
           all
           his
           Losses
           and
           Calamities
           .
           He
           Arrived
           in
           Spain
           ,
           and
           threw
           himself
           into
           the
           Cardinals
           Arms
           ,
           who
           received
           him
           ,
           gave
           him
           Retinue
           befitting
           a
           King
           ,
           comforted
           his
           miseries
           with
           kind
           entertainment
           ,
           and
           promises
           of
           Re-establishment
           in
           his
           Throne
           .
           The
           Minister
           that
           represents
           a
           King
           ,
           and
           holds
           his
           Scepter
           in
           his
           absence
           ,
           ought
           to
           do
           Royal
           Actions
           ;
           and
           ,
           to
           reach
           forth
           a
           helping
           hand
           to
           distressed
           Princes
           ,
           is
           one
           of
           the
           greatest
           of
           these
           ;
           for
           if
           ,
           the
           Man
           that
           helps
           a
           Man
           ,
           is
           a
           God
           to
           that
           Man
           ,
           the
           King
           who
           is
           a
           God
           on
           Earth
           ,
           and
           his
           Minister
           in
           his
           stead
           ,
           succouring
           a
           persecuted
           King
           ,
           is
           a
           God
           to
           a
           God.
           
        
      
       
         
         
           CAP.
           XIII
           .
        
         
           THE
           same
           Year
           
             John
             Rio
          
           ,
           a
           Spanish
           Pyrate
           ,
           returned
           from
           his
           Course
           ,
           having
           taken
           many
           Genoa-Vessels
           ,
           and
           Rich
           in
           Booty
           and
           Prizes
           ,
           and
           at
           Anchor
           in
           the
           Port
           of
           
             Carthagena
             Nueva
          
           ,
           where
           he
           enjoyed
           other
           mens
           goods
           ,
           by
           the
           Laws
           of
           Pyracy
           :
           when
           some
           Ships
           of
           Warr
           ,
           arrived
           from
           Genes
           ,
           attacqued
           him
           in
           the
           Harbour
           ;
           and
           ,
           being
           well
           Armed
           ,
           and
           fighting
           for
           the
           interest
           of
           their
           Republick
           ,
           they
           took
           this
           Sea-robber
           ,
           and
           carryed
           away
           his
           person
           ,
           and
           Vessels
           .
           But
           this
           Action
           done
           within
           a
           Port
           of
           Spain
           ,
           was
           an
           offence
           against
           the
           Majesty
           of
           the
           King
           :
           the
           Cardinal
           resents
           it
           as
           such
           ,
           and
           publisheth
           an
           Edict
           ,
           commanding
           all
           the
           Genoese
           in
           Spain
           ,
           to
           depart
           the
           Kingdom
           within
           fifteen
           dayes
           ,
           upon
           pain
           of
           Confiscation
           of
           their
           goods
           ,
           and
           of
           their
           Lives
           ;
           and
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           caused
           seizure
           to
           be
           made
           of
           their
           Goods
           ,
           wherever
           they
           could
           be
           found
           ;
           This
           Alarum'd
           the
           Republike
           ,
           seeing
           their
           Commerce
           ,
           to
           which
           they
           owe
           their
           Maintenance
           and
           Grandeur
           ,
           broken
           on
           that
           side
           ,
           and
           their
           Allyance
           much
           altered
           :
           They
           betake
           themselves
           to
           their
           remedy
           ,
           and
           send
           Ambassadours
           to
           Charles
           in
           Flanders
           ,
           to
           disavow
           the
           boldness
           of
           those
           Ships
           which
           in
           the
           Port
           of
           Carthagene
           ,
           had
           violated
           the
           respect
           due
           to
           his
           Crown
           ,
           which
           had
           met
           by
           the
           way
           the
           punishment
           they
           should
           have
           received
           from
           the
           Republick
           ,
           had
           they
           arrived
           at
           Genes
           ,
           which
           the
           Tempest
           prevented
           ,
           in
           taking
           from
           them
           both
           their
           Ships
           and
           
           their
           Lives
           :
           Therefore
           ,
           they
           implored
           his
           Majesty
           not
           to
           impute
           that
           to
           their
           State
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           Act
           of
           two
           or
           three
           private
           persons
           ;
           Charles
           was
           satisfied
           with
           this
           submission
           ,
           and
           revoked
           the
           Edict
           published
           by
           the
           Cardinal
           .
           But
           he
           being
           Jealous
           for
           the
           honour
           of
           his
           Master
           ,
           which
           had
           a
           greater
           share
           in
           his
           thoughts
           ,
           than
           the
           care
           of
           his
           own
           life
           ,
           holding
           the
           Genoese
           to
           be
           very
           Cautelous
           people
           ,
           and
           desirous
           to
           penetrate
           the
           depth
           of
           their
           intentions
           ;
           upon
           information
           received
           ,
           that
           they
           held
           intelligence
           with
           the
           French
           about
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Naples
           ,
           deferred
           the
           publishing
           of
           the
           Revocation
           ,
           and
           Restitution
           of
           the
           Genoese
           goods
           ,
           till
           he
           had
           sent
           Ambassadours
           to
           Genes
           to
           clear
           the
           doubt
           ;
           but
           the
           Ambassadours
           finding
           the
           Genoese
           sincerely
           inclined
           to
           keep
           good
           Correspondence
           with
           Spain
           ,
           he
           made
           restitution
           to
           the
           Genoese
           of
           their
           Goods
           ,
           and
           their
           liberty
           of
           Commerce
           .
           The
           Honour
           of
           Kings
           is
           their
           true
           Patrimony
           ,
           preferrable
           to
           their
           estates
           .
           Their
           Ministers
           ought
           carefully
           to
           preserve
           ,
           and
           couragiously
           defend
           it
           ;
           for
           as
           bodies
           without
           souls
           ,
           which
           give
           them
           life
           ,
           are
           easily
           corrupted
           ,
           so
           Monarchies
           without
           Honour
           and
           Reputation
           decline
           and
           come
           to
           Ruine
           .
        
         
           Spain
           had
           long
           since
           laid
           the
           Foundations
           of
           Dominion
           over
           Italy
           ;
           and
           the
           house
           of
           Austria
           ,
           now
           entred
           into
           Spain
           ,
           carryed
           on
           the
           building
           .
           Maximilian
           ,
           Grand-father
           of
           Charles
           passed
           the
           Mountains
           on
           that
           design
           .
           Charles
           dispatched
           a
           Courrier
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           demand
           his
           Advice
           in
           the
           Affairs
           of
           Italy
           :
           the
           Cardinal
           sent
           it
           him
           ,
           and
           advised
           to
           divert
           Maximilian
           from
           the
           Siege
           of
           Breseia
           then
           in
           design
           ,
           and
           to
           turn
           his
           
           Forces
           against
           Milan
           ;
           for
           that
           City
           being
           once
           taken
           ,
           the
           other
           would
           be
           easily
           Conquered
           ;
           that
           ,
           to
           render
           himself
           yet
           more
           considerable
           in
           Italy
           ,
           he
           must
           gain
           the
           Popes
           affection
           ,
           and
           make
           use
           of
           him
           upon
           occasion
           ;
           to
           quiet
           the
           troubles
           of
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           to
           serve
           himself
           of
           his
           Authority
           ,
           as
           a
           new
           Peru
           to
           furnish
           moneys
           for
           the
           Warr
           ,
           by
           obtaining
           Crusadaes
           for
           Spain
           ,
           which
           (
           as
           usual
           )
           would
           bring
           a
           Cross
           on
           Gold
           and
           Silver
           ,
           and
           raise
           him
           a
           Considerable
           Revenue
           :
           He
           advised
           Maximilian
           to
           threaten
           the
           Pope
           into
           fear
           ,
           to
           force
           his
           Condescension
           to
           what
           he
           would
           not
           willingly
           grant
           ;
           and
           counselled
           Charles
           to
           make
           choice
           of
           a
           person
           Generous
           ,
           Vigilant
           ,
           and
           of
           great
           Authority
           ,
           to
           be
           Ambassadour
           at
           Rome
           ,
           and
           to
           gain
           from
           the
           Pope
           a
           person
           of
           innocent
           Manners
           ,
           and
           of
           a
           gentle
           and
           tractable
           disposition
           to
           be
           Nuncio
           in
           Spain
           ;
           For
           on
           this
           depends
           the
           good
           of
           all
           great
           Affairs
           ,
           and
           the
           peace
           of
           the
           Nation
           .
           These
           Counsels
           the
           Princes
           of
           the
           house
           of
           Austria
           did
           then
           make
           use
           of
           to
           their
           great
           advantage
           ,
           and
           pursue
           the
           same
           to
           this
           day
           :
           For
           the
           sage
           Answers
           of
           a
           great
           Minister
           consulted
           with
           in
           affairs
           ,
           whose
           like
           do
           often
           fall
           out
           in
           a
           State
           ,
           are
           the
           voice
           of
           an
           Oracle
           ,
           which
           foresees
           things
           to
           come
           ,
           and
           guides
           the
           designs
           of
           Posterity
           .
        
         
           The
           Kingdom
           of
           Spain
           ,
           had
           been
           long
           infected
           with
           the
           falsity
           of
           Religions
           ,
           contrary
           to
           the
           Christian
           ;
           The
           Moors
           Preached
           there
           the
           Errours
           of
           the
           Alcoran
           ;
           and
           the
           Jews
           the
           sopperies
           of
           their
           Talmud
           ;
           and
           though
           they
           had
           woon
           the
           one
           and
           the
           other
           to
           the
           faith
           of
           Christ
           ,
           yet
           the
           Jews
           whose
           Religion
           is
           Obstinacy
           ,
           
           relapsed
           often
           to
           their
           former
           Worship
           ,
           Apostatizing
           from
           the
           faith
           they
           came
           to
           profess
           .
           This
           exposed
           them
           to
           the
           rigours
           of
           the
           Inquisition
           ,
           being
           daily
           dragged
           before
           that
           severe
           Tribunal
           .
           To
           deliver
           themselves
           from
           the
           pains
           they
           deserved
           ,
           they
           Deputed
           the
           principal
           amongst
           them
           ,
           to
           attend
           Charles
           in
           Flanders
           ,
           and
           beseech
           him
           to
           permit
           them
           to
           enjoy
           that
           which
           God
           gave
           man
           when
           he
           sent
           him
           into
           the
           World
           ,
           the
           Liberty
           of
           Choice
           in
           a
           Free
           will
           ;
           That
           Religion
           could
           not
           be
           imposed
           by
           force
           ,
           but
           instilled
           by
           Discourse
           ;
           And
           that
           he
           would
           grant
           them
           who
           were
           born
           in
           Judaism
           ,
           liberty
           to
           Judaise
           as
           their
           Fathers
           had
           done
           ,
           or
           become
           Christians
           at
           their
           pleasure
           :
           In
           acknowledgement
           of
           this
           favour
           ,
           they
           offered
           him
           eight
           hundred
           thousand
           Crowns
           of
           Gold
           :
           Charles
           assembles
           his
           Council
           to
           advise
           on
           this
           proposal
           ,
           they
           give
           their
           opinions
           in
           favour
           of
           the
           Jews
           ,
           and
           that
           in
           the
           necessity
           he
           was
           reduced
           to
           ,
           he
           should
           accept
           the
           eight
           hundred
           thousand
           Crowns
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           ,
           Advertised
           by
           his
           Agent
           in
           his
           Masters
           Court
           of
           the
           Counsels
           of
           the
           Flemmings
           ,
           sent
           a
           Courrier
           to
           Charles
           ,
           advising
           him
           not
           to
           meddle
           with
           Gods
           right
           ,
           that
           Religion
           was
           above
           Crowns
           ,
           that
           Heaven
           knew
           to
           maintain
           its
           interest
           against
           his
           incroachments
           ,
           that
           he
           ought
           rather
           to
           imitate
           the
           Piety
           of
           King
           Ferdinand
           ,
           his
           Grand-father
           ,
           who
           in
           the
           necessities
           of
           the
           Warrs
           of
           Navarr
           ,
           had
           refused
           six
           hundred
           thousand
           Crowns
           of
           Gold
           offered
           by
           the
           Jews
           for
           the
           like
           indulgence
           :
           Charles
           followed
           the
           Cardinals
           Advice
           :
           That
           King
           is
           unworthy
           the
           Assistance
           of
           Heaven
           ,
           for
           preserving
           his
           estate
           ,
           who
           despises
           the
           
           
           
           
           
           Estate
           of
           God
           ,
           which
           is
           Religion
           ;
           and
           God
           who
           expelled
           out
           of
           the
           Temple
           ,
           the
           Tradesmen
           ,
           who
           made
           it
           a
           place
           of
           Merchandise
           ,
           outes
           those
           Monarchs
           from
           the
           Throne
           who
           sell
           for
           money
           the
           respect
           due
           to
           Divine
           Worship
           .
           The
           interest
           whereof
           a
           good
           King
           and
           his
           Ministers
           ,
           preferr
           before
           the
           reason
           and
           interest
           of
           State.
           
        
         
           Ill
           Customes
           never
           dye
           ,
           or
           grow
           old
           at
           Court
           ,
           though
           good
           ones
           presently
           make
           their
           Exit
           .
           The
           Government
           of
           Provinces
           and
           Towns
           in
           Spain
           ,
           was
           heretofore
           committed
           to
           the
           persons
           best
           qualified
           ,
           and
           of
           greatest
           integrity
           in
           the
           Kingdom
           ;
           Time
           which
           carries
           away
           the
           best
           of
           things
           abolished
           this
           custome
           ,
           and
           made
           it
           absolete
           ;
           Favour
           brought
           in
           such
           men
           whose
           faults
           and
           defects
           the
           blindness
           of
           Court
           discovers
           not
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           resolved
           to
           re-estabish
           what
           he
           found
           Just
           in
           the
           ancient
           Customes
           of
           Spain
           ,
           bestowed
           the
           same
           Governments
           on
           men
           whose
           nobleness
           of
           blood
           and
           integrity
           of
           life
           rendred
           them
           the
           most
           Considerable
           in
           the
           Kingdom
           .
        
         
           But
           that
           the
           puissance
           of
           their
           Families
           ,
           and
           support
           of
           their
           Kindred
           ,
           being
           persons
           of
           quality
           ,
           might
           not
           debauch
           their
           integrity
           ,
           and
           encourage
           them
           to
           violence
           ,
           he
           Removed
           them
           to
           places
           distant
           ;
           imploying
           them
           in
           Governments
           of
           Towns
           and
           Provinces
           ,
           where
           they
           could
           expect
           no
           support
           but
           from
           their
           Vertue
           .
           He
           who
           adds
           greatness
           of
           dignity
           ,
           to
           that
           of
           birth
           and
           quality
           ,
           tempts
           vertue
           ,
           and
           needs
           a
           Bridle
           to
           retain
           it
           within
           the
           bounds
           of
           Justice
           .
        
         
         
           These
           eares
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           tended
           to
           the
           Glory
           of
           Vertue
           ;
           the
           aime
           and
           mark
           of
           his
           designs
           ,
           being
           the
           advancement
           of
           vertuous
           persons
           ,
           whose
           fortunes
           he
           raised
           in
           his
           Administration
           by
           his
           own
           beneficence
           ,
           or
           the
           Kings
           ,
           by
           his
           procurement
           .
           He
           gave
           
             Adrian
             Florent
          
           ,
           of
           Vtricht
           ,
           Dean
           of
           Lovayn
           ,
           and
           his
           companion
           in
           the
           Government
           of
           Spain
           ,
           the
           Bishoprick
           of
           Tortosa
           ,
           with
           the
           Office
           of
           Inquisitor
           General
           of
           Spain
           ,
           which
           was
           an
           advantagious
           step
           for
           him
           to
           a
           Cardinalship
           ;
           and
           to
           mount
           him
           thence
           to
           the
           Papal
           Chair
           .
           He
           preferred
           
             Alfonso
             Manriquez
          
           to
           the
           Bishoprick
           of
           Cordova
           .
           And
           the
           Sieur
           Motta
           of
           Burgos
           ,
           a
           person
           well
           verst
           in
           Theology
           ,
           and
           Secretary
           to
           Charles
           ,
           to
           that
           of
           Badacos
           ;
           The
           advancement
           of
           Motta
           was
           great
           in
           appearance
           ,
           but
           in
           effect
           mean
           ;
           his
           Vertue
           and
           Learning
           had
           rendered
           him
           considerable
           in
           the
           Court
           of
           Charles
           ,
           and
           that
           of
           Rome
           ;
           After
           the
           death
           of
           Ximenes
           ,
           the
           King
           gave
           him
           the
           Archbishoprick
           of
           Toledo
           ;
           and
           the
           Pope
           ,
           a
           Cardinals
           Cap.
           But
           these
           Gifts
           were
           made
           him
           ,
           when
           he
           could
           not
           enjoy
           them
           ;
           and
           Fortune
           gave
           him
           only
           a
           View
           ,
           but
           no
           Livery
           and
           Seizen
           of
           the
           Grandeurs
           of
           the
           World.
           The
           Letters
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           those
           of
           the
           Pope
           ,
           which
           conveyed
           to
           him
           those
           eminent
           dignities
           ,
           sound
           him
           on
           his
           death-bed
           ;
           So
           that
           seeing
           himself
           on
           the
           brink
           of
           the
           Grave
           ,
           he
           took
           the
           Letters
           out
           of
           a
           Box
           ,
           and
           gave
           them
           one
           of
           his
           principal
           Domesticks
           to
           Read.
           Having
           heard
           them
           ,
           he
           discoursed
           of
           the
           vain
           pretensions
           of
           Court
           ,
           and
           the
           cheating
           hopes
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           that
           the
           sutest
           course
           for
           a
           vertuous
           man
           to
           
           steer
           ,
           is
           to
           conform
           to
           the
           will
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           condoled
           their
           misfortune
           to
           see
           their
           expectations
           fall
           with
           him
           into
           the
           Dust
           .
           But
           this
           care
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           advance
           persons
           of
           merit
           ,
           evinces
           he
           was
           not
           guilty
           of
           retrenching
           the
           Pensions
           of
           the
           two
           Historians
           afore
           mentioned
           ;
           But
           rather
           that
           of
           Learned
           men
           ,
           the
           most
           knowing
           and
           Laborious
           for
           the
           publick
           ,
           are
           not
           the
           greatest
           favourites
           of
           Fortune
           ,
           whether
           it
           be
           for
           want
           of
           importunity
           in
           pursuing
           it
           ,
           or
           of
           Friends
           to
           introduce
           them
           into
           the
           Theatre
           of
           Preferment
           ;
           so
           that
           their
           Vertue
           continues
           indigent
           ,
           like
           the
           Sick
           man
           on
           the
           brink
           of
           the
           Pool
           ,
           which
           makes
           Poverty
           often
           the
           Sister
           of
           Wit.
           
        
         
           These
           things
           happened
           in
           1516.
           
           The
           following
           year
           will
           be
           the
           last
           of
           the
           Administration
           ,
           and
           Life
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           :
           In
           the
           moneth
           October
           this
           Year
           ,
           he
           entertained
           himself
           one
           Evening
           with
           some
           Divines
           of
           Repute
           ;
           and
           their
           Discourses
           being
           of
           matters
           of
           holiness
           advanced
           far
           in
           the
           night
           .
           One
           of
           the
           Domesticks
           tells
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           A
           Courrier
           from
           Africk
           ,
           then
           at
           the
           door
           ,
           desired
           to
           speak
           with
           him
           ;
           he
           Commanded
           them
           to
           admit
           him
           ,
           the
           Courrier
           delivered
           his
           Letters
           ,
           the
           Cardinal
           read
           them
           to
           himself
           ;
           and
           then
           turning
           to
           them
           that
           stood
           by
           ,
           with
           a
           Composed
           and
           Serene
           Countenance
           told
           them
           ,
           The
           News
           is
           ,
           that
           the
           Moors
           and
           Turks
           have
           beaten
           us
           at
           Algiers
           ,
           and
           our
           Army
           Defeated
           .
           But
           the
           Loss
           is
           not
           great
           ,
           for
           Spain
           is
           delivered
           of
           a
           multitude
           of
           Malefactours
           .
           Vagabonds
           ,
           and
           Assasines
           ,
           whereof
           our
           Army
           was
           Composed
           .
           It
           was
           my
           Master
           Ferdinands
           Maxim
           ,
           that
           't
           is
           necessary
           to
           send
           〈◊〉
           abroad
           to
           purge
           the
           
           Realm
           ,
           of
           murtherers
           ,
           thieves
           ,
           robbers
           ,
           and
           other-ill
           Livers
           .
           Having
           said
           this
           ,
           he
           continued
           his
           Theological
           discourse
           with
           admirable
           vigour
           of
           spirit
           ,
           and
           force
           of
           wit
           :
           The
           prudence
           of
           a
           Governour
           ought
           to
           be
           attended
           with
           constancy
           in
           publike
           misfortune
           ,
           that
           the
           serenity
           of
           his
           countenance
           ,
           and
           alacrity
           of
           Discourse
           ,
           may
           extenuate
           and
           lessen
           the
           ills
           that
           befall
           ;
           And
           that
           Minister
           deserves
           well
           of
           the
           publike
           ,
           who
           bears
           up
           in
           good
           hopes
           of
           the
           State
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           Losses
           and
           Calamities
           that
           seem
           to
           discourage
           him
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CAP.
           XIV
           .
        
         
           'T
           IS
           natural
           to
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           to
           pursue
           their
           Resolutions
           with
           a
           settled
           and
           unmoveable
           constancy
           ;
           so
           that
           't
           is
           equally
           difficult
           to
           divert
           them
           from
           pursuing
           their
           designes
           as
           to
           extort
           from
           them
           what
           they
           are
           possessed
           of
           by
           their
           Atchievements
           .
           The
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           envying
           the
           Cardinal's
           Authority
           had
           resolved
           his
           ruine
           ,
           as
           appears
           before
           ;
           and
           what
           demonstration
           soever
           they
           made
           of
           Amity
           ,
           yet
           the
           Leaven
           of
           Jealousie
           remaining
           in
           their
           hearts
           ,
           set
           them
           on
           afresh
           to
           carry
           on
           their
           design
           ,
           and
           endeavour
           the
           destruction
           of
           his
           ,
           by
           establishing
           of
           another's
           Authority
           !
           They
           prevail
           with
           Adrian
           his
           associate
           in
           the
           Government
           ,
           to
           write
           to
           Charles
           in
           Flanders
           ,
           that
           the
           Cardinal
           was
           a
           proud
           man
           ,
           impatient
           of
           a
           companion
           ,
           and
           did
           all
           after
           his
           own
           humour
           and
           fancy
           ,
           without
           consulting
           him
           ;
           that
           he
           wanted
           strength
           to
           resist
           the
           sallies
           of
           his
           daring
           and
           hardy
           spirit
           :
           And
           therefore
           became
           his
           humble
           Suppliant
           for
           a
           second
           to
           Assist
           him
           in
           the
           Government
           ;
           and
           ,
           by
           their
           joynt-Authority
           ,
           to
           balance
           the
           Excessive
           power
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           which
           might
           otherwise
           prove
           in
           time
           prejudicial
           to
           his
           Majesty's
           .
           Charles
           sent
           Laxaus
           a
           Flemming
           ,
           and
           of
           His
           Council
           ,
           to
           make
           up
           the
           Triumviral
           in
           the
           Government
           of
           Spain
           .
           The
           Grandees
           who
           knew
           that
           what
           is
           divided
           ,
           is
           of
           less
           force
           ,
           rejoyced
           to
           see
           the
           Cardinal's
           Authority
           in
           that
           predicament
           ;
           and
           went
           all
           to
           meet
           Laxaus
           with
           great
           Demonstations
           of
           honour
           :
           
           The
           Cardinal
           staid
           in
           his
           Lodgings
           to
           attend
           his
           coming
           ;
           and
           as
           Laxaus
           was
           conducted
           to
           him
           ,
           he
           came
           no
           farther
           to
           meet
           him
           ,
           than
           to
           his
           Ante-chamber
           ,
           where
           he
           received
           him
           with
           a
           gravity
           befitting
           his
           Person
           ,
           and
           Dignity
           .
           And
           as
           it
           is
           a
           principal
           part
           of
           the
           dexterity
           of
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           ,
           To
           know
           men
           ,
           he
           studied
           the
           temper
           and
           humour
           of
           Laxaus
           ;
           and
           finding
           him
           a
           downright
           Flemming
           ,
           more
           enclined
           to
           Pleasures
           and
           Jollity
           ,
           than
           serious
           Affairs
           ;
           he
           thought
           his
           Enemies
           made
           choice
           of
           a
           weak
           Rival
           to
           confront
           his
           Authority
           :
           and
           ,
           to
           let
           them
           know
           he
           slighted
           him
           ,
           shewed
           greater
           respect
           to
           Adrian
           ,
           than
           him
           .
           Yet
           Adrian
           ,
           led
           by
           the
           Nose
           by
           the
           Cardinal's
           Enemies
           ,
           made
           use
           of
           the
           occasions
           they
           offered
           him
           to
           attacque
           his
           Authority
           .
           Letters
           Patents
           were
           to
           be
           dispatched
           and
           published
           in
           some
           Affairs
           of
           importance
           ;
           The
           Grandees
           advise
           Adrian
           and
           Laxaus
           to
           sign
           them
           first
           ,
           and
           to
           take
           up
           the
           most
           honourable
           place
           of
           signature
           :
           They
           did
           so
           ,
           and
           then
           sent
           the
           Letters
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           be
           Signed
           .
           Who
           having
           Courage
           answerable
           to
           the
           Grandeur
           of
           his
           Spirit
           ,
           observed
           this
           Flemmish
           Bravado
           of
           Ambition
           ,
           and
           slighted
           it
           ;
           causing
           the
           Letters
           to
           be
           torn
           in
           pieces
           by
           his
           Secretary
           in
           his
           presence
           ,
           and
           ordered
           others
           to
           be
           made
           ready
           ,
           which
           he
           signed
           alone
           ,
           and
           caused
           them
           to
           be
           executed
           as
           effectually
           ,
           as
           if
           signed
           by
           all
           three
           ;
           and
           ,
           during
           the
           course
           of
           his
           Administation
           ,
           continued
           it
           thence
           forward
           ,
           though
           before
           he
           shewed
           Adrian
           the
           respect
           of
           sending
           them
           to
           him
           to
           be
           signed
           ;
           which
           he
           forbore
           after
           this
           time
           ,
           that
           the
           Contempt
           he
           had
           designed
           for
           him
           ,
           might
           fall
           on
           himself
           .
           The
           Flemmings
           durst
           not
           
           resist
           his
           Authority
           ,
           fearing
           his
           Anger
           ;
           and
           that
           ,
           by
           provoking
           him
           ,
           they
           might
           prejudice
           Charles
           ,
           who
           would
           impute
           to
           them
           the
           disorders
           that
           might
           follow
           ;
           Ferdinand
           ,
           brother
           to
           Charles
           ,
           being
           then
           in
           Spain
           ,
           under
           the
           Guard
           and
           Conduct
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           .
        
         
           Nevertheless
           ,
           to
           destroy
           this
           great
           Authority
           ,
           by
           more
           powerful
           means
           ;
           they
           proposed
           to
           Charles
           ,
           to
           put
           the
           Scepter
           of
           Spain
           in
           his
           absence
           ,
           into
           the
           hand
           of
           a
           Prince
           of
           his
           House
           ,
           and
           Advised
           him
           to
           intreat
           Maximilian
           th'
           Emperour
           ,
           his
           Grand-father
           ,
           or
           Lewis
           Count-Palatin
           ,
           his
           Cousin
           ,
           to
           come
           into
           Spain
           for
           that
           purpose
           .
           Some
           were
           for
           making
           Ferdinand
           Governour
           ,
           others
           for
           the
           high
           Chancellour
           Savage
           ,
           but
           all
           for
           outing
           the
           Cardinal
           .
           Maximilian
           was
           busie
           in
           Italy
           :
           The
           Genius
           of
           Spain
           ,
           is
           so
           far
           above
           that
           of
           Alemain
           ,
           that
           the
           Count
           Palatin
           was
           not
           likely
           to
           bear
           up
           to
           the
           height
           ,
           requisite
           for
           the
           Government
           ;
           and
           ,
           if
           the
           absolute
           power
           were
           committed
           to
           Ferdinand
           ,
           it
           might
           be
           feared
           he
           would
           not
           quit
           it
           when
           desired
           .
           So
           that
           of
           all
           the
           persons
           proposed
           in
           Council
           ,
           the
           Chancellour
           only
           stood
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           had
           intelligence
           of
           all
           transactions
           in
           Charles
           his
           Councils
           ,
           and
           desired
           him
           by
           Letter
           ,
           to
           grant
           him
           leave
           to
           quit
           the
           Government
           ,
           and
           retire
           to
           his
           Diocess
           ,
           rather
           than
           send
           him
           a
           new
           Companion
           ,
           with
           whom
           he
           must
           renew
           the
           contests
           with
           the
           former
           .
           That
           the
           nature
           of
           Government
           is
           such
           ,
           that
           ,
           to
           carry
           it
           on
           with
           Authority
           ,
           it
           must
           be
           given
           to
           one
           alone
           .
           Notwithstanding
           this
           ,
           Savage
           came
           into
           Spain
           ,
           with
           the
           Title
           of
           Governour
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           the
           Cardinal
           :
           But
           made
           no
           other
           progress
           in
           the
           State
           ,
           than
           to
           
           establish
           there
           ,
           venality
           of
           Offices
           in
           Judicature
           ,
           Council
           ,
           and
           Court
           ;
           to
           banish
           vertue
           ;
           and
           fill
           his
           purse
           .
           For
           it
           is
           observed
           ,
           that
           in
           his
           four
           moneths
           stay
           in
           Spain
           ,
           he
           drew
           away
           five
           hundred
           thousand
           Crowns
           ,
           which
           he
           carryed
           into
           Flanders
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           vexed
           to
           see
           those
           excellent
           Orders
           his
           care
           and
           pains
           had
           established
           in
           the
           State
           ,
           ruined
           in
           a
           moment
           ;
           and
           that
           Offices
           formerly
           the
           Rewards
           of
           Vertue
           and
           merit
           ,
           were
           now
           put
           to
           sale
           by
           the
           Avarice
           of
           this
           Flemming
           ;
           and
           possessed
           by
           them
           who
           had
           more
           money
           to
           buy
           ,
           than
           capacity
           to
           mannage
           them
           ;
           complained
           to
           Charles
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           liberty
           full
           of
           respect
           writ
           him
           his
           mind
           ;
           Remonstrating
           to
           him
           ,
           That
           great
           Kings
           obtain
           from
           God
           the
           enjoyment
           of
           their
           Crowns
           ,
           and
           from
           men
           the
           Reverence
           due
           to
           them
           ,
           so
           long
           as
           they
           govern
           the
           people
           with
           Justice
           and
           Integrity
           ;
           That
           in
           respect
           of
           the
           great
           weight
           of
           the
           Government
           ,
           God
           allowed
           them
           to
           call
           Assistants
           for
           their
           ease
           and
           support
           in
           the
           Management
           of
           great
           Estates
           ;
           That
           their
           Justice
           and
           Vigilance
           ought
           to
           be
           as
           Conspicuous
           in
           the
           choice
           of
           their
           Assistants
           ,
           as
           in
           the
           Government
           of
           their
           Subjects
           :
           That
           a
           Prince
           is
           Responsible
           for
           his
           Ministers
           ,
           and
           Chargeable
           with
           the
           Crimes
           they
           commit
           in
           the
           State
           ,
           if
           he
           knows
           and
           suffers
           them
           .
           He
           prayed
           him
           in
           all
           humility
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           come
           into
           Spain
           ,
           to
           establish
           there
           by
           his
           presence
           ,
           that
           order
           which
           the
           Strangers
           he
           had
           sent
           thither
           ,
           had
           destroyed
           ;
           and
           to
           keep
           the
           people
           within
           the
           bounds
           of
           their
           duty
           ,
           who
           were
           now
           apparently
           raised
           to
           a
           boldness
           that
           tended
           to
           the
           subversion
           of
           the
           State
           ;
           being
           so
           licentious
           that
           every
           one
           not
           only
           said
           ,
           but
           Printed
           what
           he
           
           pleased
           ;
           and
           attacqued
           his
           Authority
           by
           publishing
           and
           Justifying
           their
           complaints
           against
           him
           .
        
         
           This
           couragious
           Liberty
           of
           Advertising
           Charles
           of
           the
           disorders
           and
           misdemeanours
           of
           the
           Flemmings
           in
           Spain
           ,
           drew
           on
           the
           Cardinal
           the
           hatred
           of
           many
           to
           such
           a
           degree
           as
           obliged
           him
           to
           provide
           for
           the
           safety
           of
           his
           life
           ;
           his
           guard
           was
           more
           strictly
           and
           constantly
           kept
           ,
           his
           meat
           watched
           to
           prevent
           poison
           ,
           and
           this
           care
           extended
           to
           his
           bed
           ,
           and
           tryal
           made
           of
           the
           water
           that
           was
           sprinkled
           in
           his
           Chamber
           .
           But
           all
           this
           caution
           could
           not
           save
           him
           from
           that
           Lingering
           Poyson
           ,
           which
           ,
           the
           Spaniards
           write
           ,
           destroyed
           his
           health
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           his
           life
           :
           whereof
           you
           shall
           hear
           in
           due
           time
           .
        
         
           The
           Court
           of
           Spain
           was
           at
           this
           time
           full
           of
           infamous
           Libells
           ,
           against
           the
           Flemmish-Ministers
           ;
           and
           against
           Xeures
           ,
           of
           the
           House
           of
           Croy
           ,
           favourite
           to
           Charles
           ,
           whom
           Lewis
           the
           12.
           of
           France
           having
           the
           Gard-noble
           of
           his
           person
           ,
           gave
           Charles
           for
           his
           conduct
           ;
           The
           Libellers
           spared
           not
           the
           Cardinal
           ;
           nor
           his
           Confident
           ,
           
             Francis
             Rouys
          
           ;
           the
           Flemmings
           were
           highly
           incensed
           at
           the
           Libels
           and
           Obloquy
           of
           the
           people
           ;
           This
           obliged
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           make
           search
           for
           the
           Authors
           ;
           but
           so
           lightly
           ,
           that
           neither
           Author
           nor
           Seller
           was
           punished
           for
           writing
           or
           publishing
           .
           For
           as
           for
           him
           ,
           though
           he
           writ
           of
           this
           matter
           to
           Flanders
           ,
           yet
           he
           was
           (
           sayes
           Gomez
           )
           of
           opinion
           ,
           that
           ,
           Inferiours
           should
           have
           the
           Liberty
           to
           avenge
           their
           grievances
           by
           words
           and
           writings
           ,
           which
           endure
           no
           longer
           than
           while
           you
           are
           offended
           at
           them
           ;
           that
           to
           slight
           them
           was
           the
           only
           way
           to
           suppress
           them
           ,
           and
           ,
           to
           be
           angry
           at
           them
           ,
           was
           to
           acknowledge
           
           them
           true
           .
           
             Alphonso
             Castilla
          
           ,
           Governour
           of
           Madrid
           ,
           brought
           Adrian
           ,
           and
           Laxaus
           ,
           some
           Copies
           he
           had
           recovered
           of
           the
           Libells
           against
           them
           .
           They
           ,
           not
           used
           to
           such
           Satyrs
           ,
           as
           things
           not
           accustomed
           in
           Flanders
           ,
           resented
           them
           highly
           ,
           and
           specially
           Adrian
           ,
           to
           whom
           injuries
           of
           this
           kind
           were
           like
           Fleas
           in
           his
           Ears
           ,
           or
           Snuff
           in
           the
           Nose
           ,
           to
           discompose
           and
           inflame
           the
           Levity
           of
           his
           Temper
           ;
           insomuch
           that
           being
           afterwards
           advanced
           to
           St.
           Peters
           Chair
           ,
           under
           the
           name
           of
           Adrian
           the
           6.
           the
           Satyrical
           reflections
           ,
           and
           tart
           Animadversions
           published
           by
           the
           Roman
           Witts
           on
           the
           Statues
           of
           Pasquin
           ,
           and
           Morphorio
           ,
           were
           so
           offensive
           to
           him
           ,
           that
           he
           commanded
           the
           Statues
           which
           had
           stood
           there
           many
           Ages
           ,
           to
           be
           digged
           up
           ,
           and
           thrown
           into
           Tyber
           .
           The
           Count
           
             De
             Sessa
          
           ,
           being
           present
           when
           this
           Order
           was
           given
           ,
           told
           him
           ,
           Holy
           Father
           ,
           if
           you
           cause
           these
           Libel-Carryers
           to
           be
           cast
           into
           Tyber
           ,
           the
           Froggs
           will
           Croke
           out
           their
           Verses
           ;
           and
           what
           two
           Stones
           whispered
           to
           men
           ,
           many
           mouths
           will
           proclaim
           to
           the
           River
           :
           'T
           is
           a
           hard
           matter
           to
           take
           from
           men
           that
           liberty
           of
           their
           spirit
           which
           God
           hath
           allowed
           them
           ,
           which
           they
           will
           find
           means
           to
           make
           known
           to
           the
           World
           :
           Adrian
           followed
           his
           Advice
           ,
           and
           left
           Pasquin
           ,
           and
           Morphorio
           standing
           in
           the
           place
           they
           possess
           at
           Rome
           to
           this
           day
           .
           Certainly
           they
           are
           much
           deceived
           ,
           who
           think
           by
           power
           to
           bury
           in
           Oblivion
           the
           ill
           actions
           they
           are
           guilty
           of
           ,
           or
           to
           keep
           from
           Posterity
           the
           knowledge
           of
           their
           vices
           :
           The
           severities
           they
           exercise
           against
           the
           writers
           thereof
           ,
           give
           Credit
           and
           Authority
           to
           the
           relation
           ;
           and
           procure
           as
           much
           glory
           to
           the
           Historian
           ,
           as
           shame
           to
           the
           Criminal
           :
           'T
           is
           a
           good
           Rule
           for
           
           
           
           
           
           great
           Ones
           ,
           to
           live
           so
           as
           they
           would
           be
           represented
           to
           posterity
           in
           the
           stories
           of
           their
           Lives
           ,
           that
           ,
           by
           their
           good
           actions
           ,
           they
           may
           obtain
           the
           glory
           of
           an
           immortal
           name
           .
        
         
           The
           Troubles
           which
           before
           had
           disquieted
           the
           Court
           ,
           and
           raised
           the
           people
           to
           Armes
           ,
           were
           now
           entred
           the
           Churches
           ,
           and
           got
           up
           to
           the
           very
           Altars
           :
           The
           Priests
           of
           Spain
           had
           taken
           the
           Alarm
           ,
           and
           published
           grievous
           Complaints
           ,
           and
           loud
           Threats
           in
           defence
           of
           their
           Revenues
           ,
           and
           the
           liberty
           of
           their
           Dignities
           ;
           For
           Selim
           ,
           Emperour
           of
           the
           Turks
           ,
           having
           carryed
           his
           Arms
           into
           Aegypt
           ,
           taken
           from
           Tomombey
           his
           Crown
           and
           his
           Life
           ,
           and
           Triumphed
           over
           the
           whole
           Nation
           ;
           resolved
           ,
           after
           this
           notable
           Conquest
           ,
           to
           turn
           his
           victorious
           Arms
           against
           Italy
           ,
           to
           add
           that
           Countrey
           to
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           Triumphs
           ,
           to
           enter
           Rome
           by
           a
           breach
           ,
           and
           feed
           his
           Horse
           on
           the
           Altar
           of
           St.
           Peter
           .
           These
           barbarous
           Threats
           obliged
           the
           Princes
           of
           Italy
           ,
           to
           provide
           for
           the
           security
           of
           their
           Estates
           .
           Pope
           Leo
           the
           tenth
           ,
           then
           in
           the
           Chair
           ,
           imployed
           his
           care
           to
           preserve
           the
           Patrimony
           of
           the
           Church
           ;
           and
           for
           the
           Guard
           of
           the
           Sea-Coast
           ,
           an
           Ordinance
           was
           past
           in
           the
           Lateran-Council
           to
           Levy
           the
           tenths
           upon
           the
           Clergy
           of
           Spain
           .
           This
           put
           them
           in
           an
           uproar
           :
           the
           Cardinal
           used
           his
           best
           endeavours
           to
           appease
           them
           ,
           and
           to
           restore
           peace
           to
           the
           Church
           ,
           the
           house
           of
           God
           ,
           as
           he
           had
           done
           to
           Cities
           the
           habitations
           of
           men
           :
           he
           dispatched
           a
           Courrier
           to
           Rome
           ,
           and
           ordered
           Arteagua
           his
           Agent
           in
           that
           Court
           ,
           in
           his
           name
           ,
           to
           make
           the
           Pope
           an
           offer
           ,
           not
           only
           of
           the
           tenths
           of
           the
           Arch-bishoprick
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           but
           of
           all
           its
           Revenues
           ,
           his
           money
           ,
           his
           moveables
           ,
           all
           that
           he
           
           had
           of
           rich
           or
           precious
           in
           the
           Treasure
           of
           his
           Church
           ;
           if
           the
           necessity
           of
           a
           holy
           Warr
           required
           it
           for
           the
           defence
           of
           the
           Altars
           of
           God
           in
           Italy
           .
           But
           ,
           to
           declare
           ,
           that
           ,
           without
           such
           a
           necessity
           he
           would
           never
           be
           the
           Author
           of
           those
           new
           Impositions
           ,
           nor
           consent
           that
           the
           Priests
           of
           Spain
           should
           be
           made
           Tributary
           to
           Strangers
           ;
           with
           a
           strict
           charge
           to
           send
           him
           the
           Resolutions
           of
           the
           Lateran
           Council
           hereupon
           .
           Arteagua
           understood
           by
           the
           Pope's
           Nephew
           ,
           the
           Cardinal
           
             De
             Medicis
          
           ,
           that
           the
           Council
           had
           not
           ordained
           the
           Levying
           of
           these
           Dismes
           ,
           but
           in
           case
           of
           extream
           necessity
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Enemies
           were
           within
           the
           State
           of
           the
           Church
           ,
           or
           upon
           the
           Borders
           of
           Italy
           ;
           and
           it
           appeared
           ,
           the
           Source
           of
           this
           trouble
           about
           the
           Benefices
           of
           Spain
           arose
           from
           the
           Pope's
           Nuncio
           in
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           engaged
           therein
           by
           his
           desires
           to
           finger
           the
           moneys
           ,
           or
           his
           imprudence
           in
           management
           of
           Affairs
           .
           Thus
           the
           Cardinal
           protected
           the
           interest
           of
           the
           Church
           ,
           and
           calmed
           the
           Commotion
           .
           Priests
           have
           in
           their
           persons
           a
           kind
           of
           Spiritual
           Royalty
           ,
           whereof
           their
           Miters
           are
           marks
           .
           To
           protect
           and
           defend
           them
           is
           to
           pass
           to
           Glory
           ,
           by
           the
           way
           of
           Piety
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           CAP.
           XV.
           
        
         
           THough
           the
           Cardinal
           had
           surmounted
           the
           opposition
           of
           the
           Flemmings
           against
           his
           Authority
           ,
           triumphed
           over
           the
           Envy
           of
           the
           Court
           ,
           and
           the
           Threats
           of
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           the
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           ;
           there
           remained
           an
           important
           victory
           to
           be
           gained
           over
           three
           potent
           Enemies
           ,
           who
           like
           a
           triple-headed
           Monster
           stood
           up
           against
           him
           ,
           with
           a
           boldness
           he
           was
           obliged
           to
           humble
           ,
           and
           bring
           to
           the
           ground
           :
           The
           first
           was
           Mendoza
           Duke
           of
           Infantado
           ,
           his
           Capital
           Enemy
           for
           the
           Rupture
           of
           the
           Marriage
           between
           his
           Nephew
           and
           the
           Cardinal's
           Niece
           :
           This
           hatred
           was
           inflamed
           by
           the
           loss
           of
           a
           Cause
           at
           Law
           ,
           whereby
           a
           Burrough
           of
           the
           Duke's
           demeans
           ,
           was
           rejoyned
           to
           the
           Church
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           from
           which
           it
           had
           been
           dismembred
           .
           And
           as
           the
           Syndic
           of
           the
           Church
           went
           to
           take
           possession
           of
           it
           ,
           the
           Duke
           himself
           gave
           him
           the
           Bastonado
           .
           This
           Outrage
           offended
           the
           Cardinal
           at
           Madrid
           ,
           who
           told
           many
           .
           He
           would
           teach
           the
           Duke
           more
           Reverence
           to
           Justice
           ,
           make
           him
           loose
           his
           Dukedome
           ,
           and
           undergo
           the
           punishment
           he
           deserved
           .
           The
           Duke
           was
           netled
           to
           the
           quick
           at
           these
           Threats
           ,
           and
           ,
           to
           declare
           his
           resentment
           ,
           sent
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           one
           of
           his
           Attendants
           to
           tell
           him
           ,
           That
           he
           was
           a
           dissembling
           Monk
           ,
           meanly
           born
           ,
           and
           raised
           to
           the
           fortune
           he
           possessed
           by
           the
           subtlety
           and
           hypocrisies
           natural
           to
           his
           Frock
           .
           This
           Envoy
           arrives
           at
           Madrid
           ,
           goes
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           and
           shews
           him
           that
           he
           was
           a
           Domestick
           of
           the
           Dukes
           ,
           received
           wages
           from
           
           him
           ,
           and
           ate
           of
           his
           bread
           ,
           and
           therefore
           subject
           to
           his
           Commands
           ;
           that
           he
           had
           given
           him
           one
           to
           tell
           him
           such
           words
           which
           peradventure
           would
           Anger
           him
           ,
           and
           therefore
           before
           he
           spoke
           them
           ,
           he
           desired
           his
           leave
           to
           do
           it
           ;
           and
           that
           he
           would
           not
           impute
           the
           offenee
           to
           him
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           gave
           him
           leave
           to
           deliver
           his
           message
           ,
           which
           he
           did
           word
           by
           word
           as
           the
           Duke
           had
           commanded
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           nothing
           moved
           ,
           made
           Answer
           ;
           My
           Friend
           ,
           you
           are
           employed
           in
           a
           very
           foolish
           Embassie
           :
           Return
           to
           your
           Master
           ,
           and
           I
           am
           perswaded
           you
           will
           find
           him
           wiser
           than
           when
           you
           left
           him
           ,
           and
           repenting
           his
           follies
           .
           Which
           was
           true
           ;
           for
           the
           Duke
           much
           troubled
           that
           passion
           had
           so
           far
           blinded
           his
           reason
           ,
           sharply
           rebuked
           his
           principal
           Domesticks
           ,
           that
           they
           had
           not
           withstood
           his
           Choler
           ,
           and
           prevented
           the
           sending
           of
           that
           message
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           .
           Velasco
           Constable
           of
           Castile
           ,
           who
           knew
           the
           inconsiderate
           rashness
           of
           the
           Duke
           ,
           advised
           him
           to
           a
           Reconciliation
           with
           the
           Cardinal
           ;
           returned
           to
           Madrid
           ;
           and
           intreated
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           pardon
           the
           Duke
           ,
           and
           impute
           these
           words
           to
           the
           blindness
           of
           passion
           ,
           and
           not
           esteem
           them
           the
           sense
           of
           his
           mind
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           Answered
           ,
           that
           when
           Mendoza
           would
           in
           person
           begg
           pardon
           ,
           and
           confess
           with
           his
           own
           mouth
           he
           deserved
           punishment
           ,
           he
           should
           not
           find
           him
           inexorable
           .
           Velasco
           disposed
           the
           Duke
           to
           do
           it
           :
           A
           day
           and
           place
           were
           appointed
           for
           the
           enterview
           .
           
             Fountain
             Caralla
          
           ,
           within
           two
           Leagues
           of
           Madrid
           ,
           was
           chosen
           for
           that
           purpose
           ;
           where
           the
           Cardinal
           came
           attended
           with
           some
           of
           his
           Domesticks
           :
           The
           Constable
           and
           the
           Duke
           came
           also
           .
           But
           being
           upon
           the
           
           place
           ,
           the
           Duke
           forgot
           the
           Conditions
           of
           the
           Enterview
           ;
           and
           ,
           instead
           of
           performing
           them
           ,
           with
           a
           bold
           Countenance
           ,
           and
           haughty
           expression
           ,
           having
           saluted
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           told
           him
           ,
           Provided
           I
           violate
           not
           the
           Laws
           of
           Religion
           ,
           and
           pay
           the
           King
           the
           obedience
           I
           owe
           him
           ,
           I
           little
           value
           the
           displeasures
           of
           others
           ,
           slight
           their
           Checks
           ,
           and
           scorn
           their
           Affronts
           .
           These
           words
           of
           pride
           ,
           sounded
           strange
           in
           the
           Cardinal's
           Ears
           ,
           who
           expected
           a
           better
           temper
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Constable's
           Promise
           ;
           and
           ,
           made
           this
           Answer
           :
           Mendoza
           when
           you
           fail
           in
           the
           one
           or
           other
           ,
           you
           shall
           know
           me
           to
           be
           the
           grand
           Inquisitor
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           the
           King's
           Lieutenant
           General
           in
           all
           his
           Estates
           ;
           and
           in
           these
           qualities
           ,
           I
           will
           cause
           you
           to
           be
           punished
           according
           to
           your
           demerits
           .
           The
           Constable
           ,
           seeing
           their
           hatred
           inflamed
           ,
           not
           reconciled
           ;
           and
           troubled
           at
           the
           huffing
           of
           the
           Duke
           ,
           reproved
           him
           sharply
           for
           it
           ;
           and
           having
           brought
           him
           by
           discourse
           to
           an
           acknowledgement
           of
           his
           fault
           ,
           inclined
           him
           to
           expiate
           it
           in
           the
           instant
           he
           had
           committed
           it
           ,
           making
           him
           cast
           himself
           at
           the
           Cardinals
           feet
           ,
           and
           begg
           his
           pardon
           ,
           whereupon
           the
           Cardinal
           embraced
           him
           ,
           and
           took
           him
           up
           .
        
         
           The
           very
           instant
           this
           was
           doing
           ,
           they
           heard
           a
           noise
           of
           Soldiers
           ,
           and
           a
           Volley
           of
           Muskets
           ,
           shot
           at
           the
           door
           of
           the
           house
           .
           Horrour
           seized
           the
           Constable
           ,
           and
           the
           Dukes
           pride
           was
           turned
           into
           fear
           .
           Both
           apprehended
           a
           train
           laid
           for
           their
           Liberty
           or
           Lives
           :
           but
           't
           was
           a
           Pannick
           fear
           ,
           and
           the
           cause
           appeared
           to
           come
           from
           
             John
             Spinosa
             Campina
          
           of
           the
           Regiment
           of
           Guards
           ,
           who
           having
           understood
           that
           the
           Cardinal
           was
           with
           two
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           ,
           without
           any
           Guard
           to
           attend
           
           him
           ,
           rann
           thither
           with
           the
           Guards
           under
           his
           Command
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           reproved
           him
           for
           comming
           without
           order
           ,
           and
           having
           taken
           leave
           of
           the
           Constable
           and
           Duke
           ,
           with
           a
           countenance
           full
           of
           respect
           and
           friendship
           ,
           returned
           for
           Madrid
           .
        
         
           The
           second
           of
           the
           three
           powerful
           Grandees
           ,
           whose
           boldness
           and
           envy
           the
           Cardinal
           was
           to
           grapple
           with
           ,
           and
           overcome
           ;
           was
           Giron
           ,
           Lord
           of
           Vienna
           ,
           who
           was
           alwayes
           of
           the
           contrary
           party
           ,
           and
           Ringleader
           to
           those
           that
           opposed
           his
           Authority
           :
           Giron
           was
           of
           a
           lively
           spirit
           ,
           bigg
           words
           ,
           bold
           in
           his
           raillery
           ,
           smart
           and
           cutting
           in
           his
           Reparties
           :
           Coming
           one
           day
           to
           the
           Cardinal's
           Chamber-door
           ,
           he
           asked
           the
           Usher
           ,
           Friend
           ,
           what
           is
           King
           -
           Ximenes
           a
           doing
           ?
           Spain
           had
           been
           governed
           by
           a
           King
           of
           that
           name
           ,
           who
           was
           so
           dull
           and
           sottish
           of
           spirit
           ,
           and
           so
           grosly
           vitious
           ,
           that
           no
           day
           passed
           without
           some
           instances
           of
           his
           extravagancies
           ;
           which
           gave
           his
           Subjects
           cause
           to
           ask
           one
           another
           often
           ,
           What
           is
           King
           Ximenes
           a
           doing
           ?
           Another
           time
           ,
           this
           Lord
           having
           been
           in
           Treaty
           with
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           about
           some
           affairs
           of
           importance
           ,
           and
           taking
           his
           leave
           ,
           the
           Cardinal
           scarce
           moved
           his
           Cap
           at
           parting
           ,
           Giron
           turn'd
           about
           and
           asked
           the
           Servants
           ,
           Whether
           their
           Master
           had
           a
           scalded
           head
           :
           These
           flights
           added
           to
           many
           attempts
           against
           his
           Authority
           ,
           provoked
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           Resentment
           upon
           occasion
           ,
           which
           fell
           out
           patly
           :
           For
           Giron
           was
           in
           suit
           against
           
             Gutterio
             Quixada
          
           for
           the
           Burrough
           of
           
             Villas
             Hermanos
          
           ,
           which
           Giron
           had
           usurped
           ;
           In
           the
           suit
           the
           weakest
           went
           to
           the
           Wall
           ,
           and
           suffered
           under
           the
           oppression
           of
           the
           greater
           ;
           Giron
           having
           drawn
           it
           
           at
           such
           length
           that
           Quixada's
           purse
           being
           too
           shallow
           ,
           could
           not
           have
           Justice
           :
           he
           complains
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           telling
           him
           ,
           that
           ,
           as
           the
           King
           ought
           to
           do
           Justice
           to
           his
           people
           ,
           so
           ought
           the
           King's
           Lieutenant
           :
           the
           Cardinal
           did
           it
           ,
           and
           ,
           by
           Judgement
           of
           the
           Court
           of
           
             Valladolid
             ,
             Giron
          
           was
           enjoyned
           to
           restore
           to
           Quixada
           ,
           the
           Burrough
           of
           
             Villas
             Hermanos
          
           :
           A
           Senator
           of
           Valladolid
           went
           upon
           the
           place
           to
           execute
           the
           Judgement
           ,
           and
           put
           Quixada
           in
           possession
           :
           Giron
           makes
           up
           a
           party
           ,
           sends
           his
           Son
           and
           Servants
           to
           the
           place
           ;
           where
           they
           received
           the
           Commissioner
           ,
           and
           gave
           him
           the
           Bastonado
           .
           An
           information
           was
           drawn
           up
           of
           this
           insolent
           Rebellion
           ,
           and
           sent
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           and
           Council
           ,
           who
           decreed
           the
           offendours
           to
           be
           Arrested
           ;
           cited
           them
           by
           sound
           of
           Trumpet
           to
           appear
           ,
           and
           proceeded
           against
           them
           as
           Traytors
           :
           The
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           ,
           who
           saw
           Giron
           in
           the
           high
           way
           to
           destruction
           ,
           sent
           two
           Gentlemen
           of
           note
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           to
           intreat
           him
           ,
           not
           to
           ruine
           a
           person
           of
           Giron's
           quality
           :
           That
           it
           was
           his
           interest
           to
           preserve
           the
           Grandees
           ;
           and
           ,
           to
           destroy
           them
           ,
           as
           he
           did
           was
           to
           destroy
           himself
           ,
           as
           being
           by
           his
           dignity
           of
           Arch-bishop
           of
           Telodo
           ,
           as
           Primate
           of
           the
           Prelates
           ,
           so
           first
           of
           the
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           having
           precedence
           of
           all
           ;
           The
           Cardinal's
           answer
           was
           ,
           He
           would
           protect
           honest
           men
           ,
           and
           punish
           the
           wicked
           contemners
           of
           Justice
           ,
           and
           disturbers
           of
           the
           publick
           peace
           .
        
         
           When
           they
           saw
           the
           Cardinal
           inflexible
           ,
           they
           sent
           to
           Charles
           in
           Flanders
           ,
           mis-represented
           the
           matter
           ,
           and
           obtained
           a
           prohibition
           to
           stay
           execution
           of
           the
           Judgement
           ,
           till
           he
           came
           into
           Spain
           :
           Upon
           receipt
           of
           the
           prohibition
           ,
           
           the
           Cardinal
           and
           Council
           ,
           sent
           to
           Charles
           ,
           informed
           him
           of
           the
           truth
           of
           the
           Crime
           ,
           sent
           him
           the
           Process
           ,
           and
           remonstrated
           to
           him
           ,
           that
           having
           been
           appointed
           by
           God
           the
           Guardian
           and
           preserver
           of
           the
           Laws
           ,
           he
           ought
           to
           give
           Justice
           liberty
           in
           her
           functions
           and
           freedom
           ,
           and
           to
           do
           her
           duty
           ;
           intreated
           him
           to
           consider
           the
           Consequence
           of
           this
           Affair
           ,
           that
           if
           such
           Enormities
           were
           tolerated
           ,
           there
           should
           not
           be
           one
           King
           only
           in
           Spain
           ,
           but
           as
           many
           Kings
           ,
           as
           there
           are
           puissant
           great
           Ones
           :
           Charles
           ,
           in
           Answer
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           and
           Council
           ,
           writ
           ,
           He
           had
           been
           mis-informed
           ,
           and
           that
           it
           was
           his
           intention
           ,
           Justice
           should
           be
           done
           :
           The
           Judgement
           against
           the
           Offenders
           was
           Executed
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           sending
           Regiments
           of
           Horse
           and
           Foot
           ,
           against
           
             Villas
             Hermanos
          
           ,
           where
           Giron's
           Son
           ,
           and
           several
           Young
           Lords
           of
           his
           quality
           ,
           Sons
           of
           the
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           ,
           were
           assembled
           with
           some
           Forces
           ,
           and
           had
           added
           new
           insolences
           to
           the
           former
           Rebellion
           ,
           having
           caused
           the
           Effigies
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           be
           drawn
           through
           the
           Streets
           in
           his
           pontifical
           habit
           ,
           with
           a
           Trumpet
           before
           it
           ,
           to
           publish
           the
           Ignominy
           :
           But
           when
           they
           saw
           the
           Assailants
           ,
           they
           left
           their
           sport
           ,
           and
           betook
           them
           to
           their
           heels
           :
           The
           Walls
           of
           the
           Town
           were
           beaten
           down
           to
           the
           foundations
           ,
           and
           they
           plowed
           up
           ,
           the
           houses
           fired
           ,
           and
           the
           places
           they
           stood
           on
           ,
           sowed
           with
           salt
           ,
           in
           token
           of
           malediction
           .
           Seven
           men
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           who
           had
           said
           they
           knew
           no
           Lord
           but
           Giron
           ,
           were
           whipped
           by
           the
           hangman
           ;
           and
           with
           them
           some
           of
           Giron's
           Domesticks
           on
           a
           holy
           day
           ,
           that
           so
           important
           an
           execution
           might
           not
           be
           retarded
           :
           To
           make
           Quixada
           amends
           ,
           and
           repair
           his
           damage
           in
           the
           
           
           
           
           
           loss
           of
           the
           Town
           ,
           they
           adjudged
           him
           Giron's
           Estate
           ,
           and
           proceeded
           further
           against
           his
           family
           and
           person
           .
           To
           take
           from
           the
           Rebels
           all
           hopes
           of
           mercy
           ,
           this
           execution
           was
           confirmed
           by
           Letters
           Patents
           from
           Charles
           in
           Flanders
           .
           This
           brought
           Giron
           to
           reason
           :
           he
           humbles
           himself
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           and
           desires
           mercy
           ;
           and
           to
           make
           his
           prayers
           more
           effectual
           ,
           all
           the
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           joyned
           with
           him
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           by
           Letter
           interceded
           to
           Charles
           for
           a
           pardon
           ;
           that
           in
           bringing
           him
           to
           an
           exemplary
           humiliation
           ,
           and
           forcing
           him
           to
           begg
           pardon
           in
           person
           ,
           he
           had
           sufficiently
           punished
           him
           ;
           that
           the
           Grandees
           acknowledging
           their
           faults
           ,
           and
           truly
           humbled
           ,
           were
           not
           to
           be
           treated
           with
           the
           severities
           usual
           in
           other
           mens
           Cases
           .
        
         
           The
           third
           puissant
           Enemy
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           among
           the
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           ,
           was
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           ,
           of
           great
           Authority
           ,
           of
           a
           great
           Family
           ,
           Illustrious
           in
           blood
           ,
           abounding
           in
           Riches
           ,
           powerful
           in
           Friendship
           and
           Allyance
           :
           the
           Cardinal
           had
           his
           opportunity
           to
           bring
           him
           to
           reason
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           the
           others
           .
           The
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           ,
           in
           King
           Ferdinand's
           life
           time
           ,
           in
           whose
           favours
           he
           had
           a
           great
           share
           ,
           obtained
           for
           Diegolus
           third
           son
           ,
           the
           Priory
           of
           St.
           John
           in
           Spain
           ,
           of
           the
           Order
           of
           Knights
           then
           at
           Rhodes
           ,
           now
           at
           Malta
           ;
           a
           Dignity
           of
           great
           revenue
           ,
           and
           equal
           Authority
           in
           the
           Kingdom
           :
           
             Antony
             Alstuniga
          
           of
           an
           illustrious
           family
           ,
           was
           at
           that
           time
           in
           Legal
           possession
           ;
           but
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           ,
           upheld
           by
           the
           Authority
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           the
           great
           master
           of
           Rhodes
           ,
           took
           it
           from
           him
           by
           force
           ,
           contrary
           to
           Right
           ,
           and
           the
           Laws
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           setled
           his
           Son
           there
           ;
           who
           enjoyed
           it
           peaceably
           
           for
           six
           years
           ,
           till
           Ferdinand's
           death
           :
           Astuniga
           seeing
           the
           Duke's
           credit
           buried
           with
           that
           Prince
           ,
           had
           recourse
           to
           Justice
           ,
           and
           summons
           the
           Usurper
           to
           a
           Legal
           Tryal
           :
           The
           Process
           was
           decided
           at
           Rome
           ,
           and
           Diego
           enjoyned
           to
           make
           restitution
           of
           the
           Benefice
           .
           Astuniga
           returns
           into
           Spain
           with
           the
           Decree
           ,
           implores
           the
           Cardinal's
           protection
           ,
           whom
           he
           knew
           to
           be
           the
           Defender
           of
           Justice
           ,
           and
           obtains
           it
           :
           Charles
           in
           the
           mean
           time
           ,
           informed
           of
           this
           difference
           ,
           looked
           upon
           it
           as
           of
           importance
           to
           the
           State
           ,
           writes
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           and
           Council
           ,
           to
           put
           the
           Benefice
           in
           a
           third
           hand
           till
           farther
           order
           .
           The
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           refuses
           to
           obey
           his
           Command
           ,
           believing
           it
           an
           invention
           to
           outt
           him
           from
           the
           Priory
           ,
           calls
           the
           other
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           his
           Friends
           to
           his
           Assistance
           ,
           and
           fortifies
           Consabrona
           the
           principal
           place
           of
           the
           Priory
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           seeing
           him
           act
           the
           King
           in
           Spain
           ,
           resolved
           not
           to
           endure
           it
           ;
           he
           commands
           forth
           a
           thousand
           Horse
           ,
           and
           500
           Foot
           of
           his
           Guards
           ,
           in
           the
           Suburbs
           of
           Madrid
           ;
           but
           at
           the
           instant
           falls
           sick
           to
           the
           danger
           of
           his
           life
           :
           Madrid
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           Realm
           of
           Castile
           made
           publick
           Prayers
           for
           his
           Recovery
           ,
           on
           which
           ,
           as
           then
           ,
           depended
           the
           peace
           of
           Spain
           .
           He
           Recovers
           ,
           and
           finding
           the
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           unwilling
           to
           obey
           ,
           resolves
           to
           force
           him
           ,
           but
           ,
           by
           the
           way
           ,
           proposed
           him
           a
           fair
           accommodation
           :
           And
           it
           is
           remarkable
           ,
           this
           great
           Minister
           never
           took
           the
           way
           of
           Rigour
           ,
           till
           he
           had
           first
           tryed
           that
           of
           Sweetness
           ,
           and
           found
           it
           ineffectual
           to
           perform
           the
           duties
           of
           Justice
           ,
           in
           his
           Administration
           :
           He
           proposed
           to
           the
           Duke
           ,
           That
           he
           should
           give
           the
           King
           a
           Gentleman
           of
           his
           Family
           ,
           to
           be
           answerable
           to
           his
           
           Majesty
           for
           the
           places
           of
           the
           Priory
           that
           should
           be
           put
           into
           his
           hands
           ,
           and
           to
           surrender
           them
           to
           the
           King
           if
           there
           should
           be
           cause
           ,
           when
           he
           had
           declared
           his
           Judgement
           ;
           by
           which
           means
           the
           Duke
           might
           have
           remained
           Master
           of
           the
           Priory
           ,
           and
           the
           Revenue
           .
           The
           Duke
           stormed
           at
           this
           proposal
           ,
           and
           thinking
           that
           to
           accept
           it
           ,
           would
           have
           been
           to
           part
           with
           his
           own
           ,
           rejected
           it
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           sends
           a
           leight
           Army
           to
           besiege
           Casabrona
           ;
           the
           Duke
           also
           sent
           thither
           a
           thousand
           Foot
           ,
           and
           some
           Horse
           with
           Victuals
           and
           Money
           :
           The
           Cardinal's
           Troops
           met
           them
           by
           the
           way
           ,
           engaged
           ,
           and
           defeated
           them
           ,
           took
           their
           money
           and
           Victuals
           ,
           and
           marched
           to
           the
           place
           they
           were
           to
           invest
           .
           The
           Duke
           of
           Alva's
           Son
           was
           within
           ,
           with
           a
           great
           number
           of
           young
           men
           of
           his
           Age
           ,
           most
           of
           them
           Sons
           of
           the
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           ;
           All
           the
           Nobles
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           that
           had
           attained
           the
           age
           of
           21
           years
           ,
           assisting
           in
           the
           Defence
           .
           The
           Herald
           summoned
           them
           to
           open
           their
           Gates
           ,
           and
           obey
           the
           King
           ;
           their
           Answer
           was
           high
           ,
           though
           not
           a
           word
           spoken
           ;
           for
           they
           set
           on
           the
           Walls
           of
           the
           place
           ,
           Biers
           covered
           with
           black
           ,
           to
           signifie
           tacitly
           their
           resolution
           ,
           rather
           to
           dye
           than
           yield
           .
           The
           Duke
           of
           Alva
           this
           while
           was
           anxiously
           distracted
           in
           his
           thoughts
           .
           On
           the
           one
           side
           ,
           he
           saw
           the
           shame
           that
           would
           attend
           his
           suffering
           a
           Piece
           of
           such
           convenience
           and
           profit
           to
           his
           Family
           ,
           to
           be
           wrested
           out
           of
           his
           hands
           ,
           and
           that
           his
           labours
           and
           great
           preparations
           would
           end
           in
           Affronts
           and
           greater
           Disgraces
           :
           On
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           he
           beheld
           the
           thunderbolt
           hanging
           over
           his
           head
           ,
           ready
           to
           fall
           upon
           him
           to
           the
           ruine
           of
           his
           person
           and
           his
           
           house
           .
           His
           Estate
           was
           already
           Confiscated
           by
           Decree
           of
           the
           Council
           ,
           which
           gave
           him
           fearful
           apprehensions
           of
           the
           Cardinal's
           severity
           ,
           as
           a
           man
           whom
           he
           knew
           intire
           and
           immoveable
           in
           his
           resolutions
           .
        
         
           The
           example
           of
           
             Villas
             Hermanos
          
           ,
           was
           fresh
           in
           memory
           ,
           and
           the
           image
           of
           it
           in
           his
           thoughts
           troubled
           him
           ;
           representing
           him
           as
           miserable
           as
           his
           friend
           Giron
           .
           He
           resolved
           to
           bow
           ,
           rather
           than
           break
           ;
           goes
           to
           Madrid
           ,
           humbles
           himself
           ,
           makes
           means
           of
           Reconcilement
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           causes
           his
           Son
           to
           obey
           ,
           renders
           the
           place
           ,
           and
           obtains
           of
           Charles
           the
           moiety
           of
           the
           Priory
           for
           his
           Son
           ,
           the
           other
           moiety
           being
           left
           for
           Astuniga
           ,
           and
           enough
           for
           both
           .
           Another
           difficulty
           arises
           in
           the
           enjoyment
           of
           the
           Benefice
           :
           The
           great
           Master
           of
           Rhodes
           who
           had
           unjustly
           outed
           Astuniga
           ,
           to
           invest
           Diego
           in
           the
           place
           ,
           would
           not
           acknowledge
           any
           Prior
           but
           Diego
           ,
           gave
           him
           all
           the
           Authority
           of
           Grand
           Prior
           ,
           and
           sent
           him
           Orders
           for
           a
           general
           Assembly
           of
           all
           the
           Knights
           of
           the
           Order
           in
           Spain
           ;
           Diego
           summons
           them
           ,
           and
           would
           have
           had
           them
           assembled
           without
           other
           Authority
           than
           his
           ;
           the
           Cardinal
           hinders
           it
           ,
           sends
           for
           him
           ,
           and
           tells
           him
           ,
           If
           you
           were
           in
           the
           Isle
           of
           Rhodes
           ,
           you
           might
           do
           your
           pleasure
           ;
           but
           in
           Spain
           where
           I
           command
           ,
           know
           ,
           you
           must
           come
           to
           me
           and
           have
           my
           permission
           .
        
         
           Thus
           he
           reduced
           to
           reason
           the
           three
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           ,
           who
           had
           most
           opposed
           his
           Authority
           ;
           who
           having
           made
           a
           great
           noise
           ,
           had
           experience
           to
           their
           shame
           of
           the
           greatness
           of
           his
           Judgement
           ,
           the
           height
           of
           his
           Courage
           ,
           and
           his
           marvellous
           
           Address
           ,
           being
           compelled
           to
           throw
           themselves
           at
           his
           feet
           ,
           whose
           head
           they
           slighted
           ,
           and
           had
           in
           contempt
           .
           The
           Fable
           of
           the
           Giants
           destroyed
           by
           Thunderbolts
           ,
           and
           buried
           under
           the
           Mountains
           they
           had
           accumulated
           ,
           instructs
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           ,
           sometimes
           to
           use
           force
           and
           severity
           against
           potent
           men
           ,
           who
           ,
           to
           trouble
           the
           publick
           peace
           ,
           would
           by
           destroying
           his
           Authority
           attain
           the
           King
           's
           .
        
         
           These
           Crosses
           ,
           and
           the
           unwillingness
           of
           the
           great
           Ones
           ,
           to
           acknowledge
           the
           honour
           he
           had
           acquired
           in
           Spain
           ,
           with
           the
           ingratitude
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           whose
           ease
           he
           affected
           ,
           and
           procured
           the
           happiness
           they
           enjoyed
           ;
           gave
           him
           sensible
           displeasures
           ,
           and
           made
           him
           call
           to
           mind
           the
           tranquillity
           and
           sweetness
           of
           his
           Religious
           life
           in
           the
           Monastery
           of
           Castanet
           .
           Neer
           which
           ,
           there
           was
           in
           view
           a
           little
           hill
           covered
           with
           Trees
           ,
           where
           he
           often
           went
           to
           search
           ,
           under
           their
           shadows
           ,
           the
           light
           of
           truth
           in
           Holy-Writt
           ,
           and
           after
           some
           hours
           reading
           ,
           kneeled
           ,
           and
           with
           hands
           and
           heart
           lift
           up
           to
           Heaven
           ,
           conversed
           with
           God
           in
           Prayer
           and
           Meditation
           ;
           then
           retiring
           immediately
           into
           a
           little
           Cabbin
           ,
           made
           with
           his
           own
           hands
           ,
           in
           imitation
           of
           ,
           those
           Angels
           of
           the
           Desart
           ,
           the
           ancient
           Hermits
           ,
           he
           fed
           his
           body
           with
           Bread
           and
           Water
           ,
           but
           his
           Soul
           with
           plentiful
           repasts
           of
           spiritual
           delicacies
           :
           The
           holy
           pleasures
           of
           this
           solitude
           he
           panted
           after
           ,
           amidst
           the
           Crosses
           and
           oppositions
           he
           encountered
           in
           the
           State
           ;
           saying
           often
           to
           his
           greatest
           Confidents
           ,
           If
           I
           might
           obtain
           leave
           ,
           how
           willingly
           would
           I
           change
           this
           Palace
           for
           my
           Cabin
           at
           Castanet
           ;
           the
           Authority
           
           of
           Governour
           of
           Spain
           ,
           for
           the
           silence
           of
           that
           solitude
           ;
           and
           my
           Mitre
           of
           Toledo
           ,
           and
           Cardinals
           Cap
           ,
           for
           the
           habit
           of
           that
           poor
           place
           .
           A
           Minister
           of
           State
           ,
           hath
           not
           in
           the
           troubles
           of
           Affairs
           ,
           a
           more
           solid
           comfort
           than
           that
           of
           Piety
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           Policy
           of
           Heaven
           (
           if
           any
           be
           exercised
           there
           )
           as
           well
           as
           part
           of
           the
           Politicks
           of
           this
           World.
           
        
         
           Charles
           ,
           often
           advised
           by
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           come
           into
           Spain
           to
           enjoy
           his
           Crown
           ,
           and
           dissipate
           by
           his
           presence
           the
           Troubles
           that
           daily
           grew
           up
           ,
           at
           last
           leaves
           Flanders
           ,
           and
           by
           an
           Express
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           gives
           him
           notice
           he
           was
           Embarqued
           ;
           The
           Cardinal
           goes
           from
           Madrid
           ,
           and
           advances
           with
           the
           whole
           Court
           to
           meet
           his
           Master
           ,
           making
           choice
           of
           the
           Burrough
           of
           Alcande
           ,
           scituate
           on
           the
           Banks
           of
           the
           
             River
             Guadalayer
          
           to
           attend
           his
           coming
           ;
           and
           taking
           with
           him
           Prince
           Ferdinand
           under
           a
           strong
           Guard
           ,
           on
           which
           depended
           the
           peace
           and
           safety
           of
           Spain
           ;
           in
           his
           journey
           he
           passed
           through
           B●zeguillas
           ,
           a
           Village
           on
           a
           Hill
           ,
           and
           Dined
           there
           ;
           but
           the
           worst
           Dinner
           he
           ever
           made
           :
           (
           for
           there
           the
           Spaniards
           generally
           believe
           )
           he
           had
           that
           venomous
           Dose
           of
           Lingering
           Poison
           which
           destroyed
           his
           life
           ;
           which
           is
           the
           more
           probable
           ,
           for
           that
           the
           Provincial
           of
           the
           Observantines
           of
           St.
           Francis
           ,
           being
           on
           his
           way
           with
           some
           of
           his
           Order
           ,
           to
           go
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           a
           man
           on
           Hors-back
           came
           to
           them
           with
           his
           face
           muffled
           up
           in
           a
           Hand-kerchief
           to
           prevent
           their
           discovery
           ,
           and
           said
           ;
           Fathers
           ,
           if
           your
           business
           be
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           make
           haste
           to
           him
           before
           he
           Dines
           ,
           and
           advise
           him
           ,
           not
           to
           eat
           of
           a
           Pigeon
           that
           shall
           
           be
           served
           in
           to
           him
           ,
           for
           't
           is
           poysoned
           ;
           Marquine
           the
           Provincial
           arrives
           at
           Bozeguillas
           ,
           and
           recounts
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           what
           the
           strange
           Gentleman
           told
           him
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           having
           thanked
           him
           for
           his
           Care
           of
           him
           ,
           made
           him
           this
           Answer
           ;
           Father
           ,
           if
           I
           have
           been
           poysoned
           it
           was
           not
           this
           day
           ,
           but
           a
           while
           ago
           reading
           at
           Madrid
           ,
           a
           Letter
           from
           Flanders
           ,
           when
           me-thought
           I
           drew
           in
           poyson
           by
           my
           Eyes
           ;
           since
           which
           ,
           I
           protest
           ,
           I
           feel
           my self
           dye
           every
           day
           :
           Nevertheless
           I
           am
           not
           so
           well
           assured
           of
           this
           ,
           as
           to
           exclude
           all
           doubt
           of
           the
           truth
           thereof
           ;
           We
           are
           all
           under
           the
           Conduct
           of
           Gods
           Providence
           ,
           which
           takes
           away
           ,
           and
           restores
           our
           health
           ,
           as
           he
           judges
           most
           necessary
           for
           our
           Salvation
           .
           Let
           's
           obey
           then
           those
           holy
           Decrees
           that
           are
           irreversible
           .
        
         
           But
           when
           his
           malady
           came
           on
           him
           ,
           he
           returned
           to
           his
           former
           opinion
           ,
           telling
           his
           Physitians
           ,
           that
           he
           should
           perish
           by
           the
           Treason
           of
           those
           Wretches
           ,
           that
           attempted
           his
           life
           .
           The
           Spaniards
           write
           ,
           that
           after
           Dinner
           at
           Bozeguillas
           ,
           his
           malady
           heightned
           so
           apparently
           ,
           that
           putrified
           matter
           broke
           out
           under
           his
           Nails
           ;
           yet
           this
           could
           not
           hinder
           him
           from
           imploying
           the
           small
           portion
           of
           life
           that
           remained
           ,
           in
           the
           service
           of
           the
           State.
           He
           had
           written
           to
           Charles
           ,
           that
           it
           concerned
           him
           to
           command
           from
           his
           brother
           
             Ferdinand
             ,
             Alvarez
             Osorio
          
           ,
           the
           Dominican
           ,
           Bishop
           of
           Astozia
           ,
           the
           Prince's
           Tutor
           ;
           and
           
             Peter
             Gusman
          
           ,
           Grand
           Prior
           of
           the
           Order
           of
           Calatrave
           his
           Governour
           ,
           who
           apprehending
           the
           Arrival
           of
           Charles
           in
           Spain
           ,
           might
           give
           the
           young
           Prince
           Counsel
           to
           the
           disservice
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           it
           being
           long
           reported
           
           that
           these
           men
           would
           never
           brook
           the
           Flemings
           whom
           they
           hated
           ,
           and
           to
           avoid
           a
           meeting
           would
           retire
           to
           Arragon
           with
           Ferdinand
           ,
           and
           cause
           him
           to
           be
           Crowned
           King
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           :
           But
           he
           was
           designed
           by
           Heaven
           for
           greater
           Fortunes
           ,
           and
           was
           Emperour
           after
           his
           Brother
           Charles
           the
           fifth
           ,
           and
           had
           the
           Royal
           Crowns
           of
           Hungary
           and
           Bohemia
           ,
           in
           right
           of
           Queen
           Anne
           his
           Wife
           ,
           Heiress
           to
           Ladislaus
           ,
           and
           Lewis
           ,
           her
           Father
           and
           Brother
           ,
           Kings
           of
           those
           Kingdoms
           ;
           he
           had
           four
           Sons
           ,
           and
           eleven
           Daughters
           ,
           of
           whom
           
             Joan
             d'
             Austria
          
           was
           marryed
           to
           
             Francis
             de
             Medicis
          
           ,
           great
           Duke
           of
           Tuscany
           ;
           of
           which
           Marriage
           was
           born
           ,
           
             Mary
             de
             Medicis
          
           ,
           Queen
           of
           France
           and
           Navarr
           ,
           Wife
           of
           Henry
           the
           Great
           ,
           and
           Mother
           of
           Lewis
           the
           thirteenth
           late
           Regnant
           ;
           a
           Princess
           of
           eminent
           Vertue
           ,
           singular
           goodness
           ,
           and
           incomparable
           magnanimity
           ,
           maternally
           descended
           from
           the
           Houses
           of
           France
           and
           Austria
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           those
           of
           Hungary
           ,
           and
           Bohemia
           :
           for
           ,
           the
           Emperour
           Ferdinand
           her
           Grand-father
           ,
           was
           younger
           Son
           to
           Mary
           of
           Burgundy
           ,
           only
           Daughter
           of
           Duke
           Charles
           ,
           and
           Isabel
           of
           B●urbon
           .
        
         
           Charles
           judging
           the
           Remove
           of
           Osorio
           and
           Guzman
           ,
           necessary
           for
           his
           Service
           ,
           Commanded
           it
           ,
           and
           writ
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           to
           that
           purpose
           ;
           The
           Master
           of
           the
           Courriers
           ,
           who
           received
           the
           dispatch
           ,
           instead
           of
           delivering
           it
           (
           as
           addressed
           )
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           carried
           the
           Pacquet
           to
           Dean
           Adrian
           ,
           who
           opened
           it
           ,
           though
           not
           directed
           to
           him
           ,
           and
           gives
           to
           Ferdinand
           his
           Brother's
           Letter
           ,
           where
           the
           young
           Prince
           saw
           the
           King
           his
           Brother's
           Command
           for
           Removing
           Osorio
           and
           Guzman
           ;
           He
           went
           
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           and
           with
           tears
           in
           his
           eyes
           entreated
           him
           not
           to
           make
           any
           change
           in
           his
           Family
           ,
           till
           his
           Brother's
           Arrival
           in
           Spain
           ;
           that
           Guzman
           and
           Osorio
           were
           very
           faithful
           to
           him
           ,
           and
           had
           great
           affections
           for
           him
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           given
           him
           by
           the
           hands
           of
           King
           Ferdinand
           his
           Grand-father
           ,
           and
           his
           Grand-mother
           Queen
           Isabel
           ;
           That
           to
           take
           them
           from
           him
           ,
           were
           to
           condemn
           the
           Judgement
           ,
           and
           vilifie
           the
           Memory
           of
           two
           Princes
           whom
           the
           whole
           world
           had
           honoured
           :
           The
           Cardinal
           though
           surprized
           ,
           as
           not
           knowing
           of
           the
           Affair
           (
           which
           Adrian
           had
           discovered
           )
           to
           remove
           the
           Odium
           from
           himself
           ,
           exhorted
           the
           young
           Prince
           to
           obey
           the
           King
           his
           Brother
           ,
           on
           whom
           depended
           his
           Fortune
           and
           Grandeur
           ,
           that
           he
           ought
           to
           preferr
           the
           interest
           of
           Charles
           ,
           before
           that
           of
           his
           Domesticks
           ,
           and
           to
           conform
           to
           his
           will.
           Ferdinand
           seeing
           that
           he
           gained
           nothing
           on
           the
           Cardinal's
           spirit
           ,
           gave
           him
           in
           choler
           this
           reparty
           ;
           Since
           you
           are
           resolved
           to
           destroy
           me
           and
           mine
           ,
           when
           you
           might
           have
           pleasured
           me
           in
           forbearing
           a
           little
           while
           to
           execute
           what
           is
           writ
           to
           you
           from
           Flanders
           ,
           I
           will
           take
           order
           ,
           my
           Servants
           shall
           not
           be
           Ruined
           ,
           as
           you
           have
           designed
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           was
           moved
           at
           his
           threats
           ,
           but
           being
           Resolute
           and
           Couragious
           to
           maintain
           the
           interest
           of
           his
           Master
           ,
           told
           him
           ,
           Sir
           ,
           You
           may
           do
           what
           you
           please
           ;
           but
           before
           the
           Sun
           set
           to
           Morrow
           ,
           though
           all
           Spain
           stood
           against
           me
           ,
           the
           King
           shall
           be
           obeyed
           ,
           and
           you
           shall
           obey
           him
           the
           first
           of
           any
           .
           Ferdinand
           ne●●ed
           at
           these
           words
           ,
           retired
           towards
           Aranda
           ;
           The
           Cardinal
           sent
           after
           him
           ,
           and
           gave
           the
           charge
           of
           his
           Person
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           Town
           to
           
           Cabanilla
           and
           Spinosa
           Captains
           of
           the
           Guards
           ,
           commanding
           them
           to
           be
           up
           all
           night
           with
           their
           Troops
           ,
           and
           not
           permit
           a
           person
           of
           the
           Princes
           Family
           to
           go
           out
           of
           the
           Town
           :
           They
           obeyed
           him
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           morrow
           Osorio
           and
           Guzman
           were
           dismissed
           ,
           and
           the
           will
           of
           Charles
           was
           executed
           with
           Fidelity
           and
           Courage
           ;
           the
           principal
           qualities
           of
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           ,
           in
           Affairs
           which
           concern
           the
           interest
           of
           the
           King
           with
           the
           Princes
           of
           his
           blood
           .
        
         
           Some
           Grandees
           of
           Spain
           seeing
           the
           Cardinal
           proceed
           with
           absolute
           Authority
           against
           the
           Infant
           Ferdinand
           and
           themselves
           ,
           demanded
           of
           him
           a
           fight
           of
           his
           Commission
           ;
           The
           Cardinal
           pointed
           to
           the
           Soldiers
           of
           his
           Guards
           ,
           and
           told
           them
           ,
           Those
           Folks
           there
           with
           the
           will
           of
           the
           King
           ,
           are
           the
           power
           I
           have
           to
           command
           Castile
           :
           then
           twisting
           on
           his
           finger
           the
           Cord
           of
           his
           Order
           wherewith
           he
           was
           girt
           ,
           This
           ,
           said
           he
           ,
           is
           sufficient
           to
           chastise
           proud
           Vassals
           ,
           and
           bring
           them
           to
           Reason
           .
           A
           little
           after
           ,
           he
           caused
           some
           Cannons
           to
           be
           discharged
           ,
           and
           a
           Volley
           of
           Musquet-shot
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           last
           Answer
           ,
           but
           more
           terrible
           than
           the
           first
           :
           This
           stopped
           their
           mouths
           ,
           and
           struck
           fear
           into
           these
           men
           who
           had
           been
           more
           curious
           than
           wise
           .
           Scarce
           had
           the
           Cardinal
           ended
           this
           important
           Affair
           of
           Ferdinand's
           Family
           ,
           when
           a
           Courrier
           brought
           him
           news
           ,
           
             Medina
             Sedonia
          
           was
           taken
           by
           
             Peter
             Giron
          
           ,
           Son
           of
           Giron
           ,
           Lord
           of
           Vienna
           ,
           who
           took
           up
           Armes
           ,
           made
           himself
           Master
           of
           the
           Field
           ,
           and
           Siezed
           that
           place
           into
           his
           hands
           in
           Revenge
           of
           the
           injury
           of
           
             Villas
             Hermanos
          
           :
           the
           Cardinal
           sent
           against
           him
           some
           Troops
           of
           the
           Militia
           
           then
           afoot
           under
           the
           command
           of
           Count
           
             Quignonio
             de
             Luna
          
           ,
           with
           order
           to
           take
           the
           Rebel
           and
           bring
           him
           alive
           or
           dead
           .
           Another
           Courrier
           at
           the
           same
           time
           arrived
           from
           Charles
           ,
           to
           inform
           him
           of
           a
           design
           of
           the
           Turks
           against
           Oran
           ;
           For
           having
           set
           Sail
           from
           Flanders
           ,
           the
           ninth
           of
           September
           ,
           1517.
           he
           met
           with
           some
           Corsayres
           by
           the
           way
           ,
           who
           informed
           him
           that
           an
           Army
           of
           Turks
           were
           upon
           their
           March
           to
           Oran
           :
           this
           obliged
           him
           to
           advertise
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           praying
           him
           to
           provide
           for
           the
           safety
           of
           that
           place
           with
           all
           Diligence
           possible
           ,
           as
           a
           Piece
           of
           great
           convenience
           for
           the
           Rendevouz
           of
           the
           Forces
           he
           designed
           to
           send
           to
           Africk
           ,
           for
           extending
           Christianity
           unto
           those
           Pagan
           Countries
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           by
           the
           same
           Courrier
           assured
           him
           of
           his
           best
           care
           for
           preservation
           of
           Oran
           ,
           commended
           his
           design
           ,
           and
           advised
           him
           to
           pursue
           it
           ;
           that
           of
           so
           many
           Monarks
           who
           in
           past
           Ages
           had
           worn
           the
           Crown
           of
           Spain
           ,
           they
           only
           added
           a
           constant
           felicity
           to
           a
           long
           Reign
           who
           had
           laboured
           most
           in
           the
           propagation
           of
           Religion
           :
           But
           Oran
           for
           this
           time
           had
           only
           an
           apprehension
           of
           the
           Turkish
           Armes
           :
           for
           the
           Moors
           of
           Africk
           ,
           fearing
           the
           violences
           of
           the
           Turks
           ,
           obstructed
           their
           Passage
           ,
           and
           defeated
           their
           Army
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           mean
           time
           Charles
           after
           a
           happy
           Voyage
           came
           to
           Villadichosa
           in
           Spain
           ,
           with
           the
           Princess
           Elenor
           his
           Sister
           ,
           afterwards
           Queen
           of
           Portugal
           ,
           and
           since
           that
           Queen
           of
           France
           by
           Marriage
           with
           Francis
           the
           first
           :
           He
           gave
           the
           Cardinal
           notice
           of
           his
           Arrival
           ,
           and
           demanded
           his
           advice
           about
           his
           Entry
           into
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           make
           it
           like
           a
           King
           ,
           and
           be
           received
           of
           his
           people
           according
           
           to
           his
           desires
           and
           dignity
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           advised
           him
           to
           Receive
           courteously
           such
           as
           came
           to
           meet
           him
           ,
           to
           compose
           his
           Countenance
           ,
           and
           order
           his
           Discourse
           and
           Habit
           ,
           suitable
           to
           the
           mode
           of
           Spain
           ;
           to
           send
           his
           Brother
           Ferdinand
           into
           Germany
           ,
           for
           that
           his
           presence
           in
           Spain
           was
           useless
           to
           his
           person
           ,
           and
           might
           prove
           prejudicial
           to
           his
           Authority
           ;
           that
           it
           concerned
           him
           to
           use
           his
           utmost
           dexterity
           in
           executing
           this
           Resolution
           ;
           to
           impute
           the
           cause
           to
           Maximilian
           his
           Grand-father
           ,
           and
           to
           appear
           much
           displeased
           at
           the
           separation
           ;
           the
           people
           of
           Spain
           having
           a
           passionate
           love
           for
           Ferdinand
           ,
           as
           bred
           amongst
           them
           ,
           and
           a
           perfect
           Spaniard
           in
           Language
           ,
           behaviour
           and
           inclinations
           :
           That
           he
           would
           not
           come
           to
           any
           resolution
           against
           the
           Sicilians
           ,
           who
           had
           Massacred
           their
           Senators
           ,
           till
           he
           had
           first
           weighed
           the
           Condition
           of
           his
           Exchequer
           ,
           and
           the
           forces
           of
           his
           Kingdom
           .
           That
           he
           would
           advance
           further
           into
           Spain
           ,
           and
           make
           haste
           to
           Madrid
           .
        
         
           As
           to
           this
           last
           point
           ,
           the
           Flemmings
           relished
           it
           not
           ,
           but
           resolved
           to
           retain
           Charles
           in
           the
           remote
           parts
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           ,
           till
           the
           Cardinal's
           death
           ,
           which
           they
           were
           advised
           must
           shortly
           follow
           :
           they
           desired
           nothing
           less
           than
           that
           this
           man
           should
           come
           to
           speech
           with
           the
           King
           ,
           apprehending
           a
           discovery
           of
           their
           rapines
           by
           his
           generous
           liberty
           and
           integrity
           to
           the
           King.
           But
           Charles
           received
           those
           Counsels
           ,
           as
           lights
           for
           his
           Conduct
           ,
           and
           sent
           an
           Express
           to
           convey
           his
           thanks
           ,
           confessing
           himself
           much
           obliged
           by
           his
           cares
           ,
           his
           prudence
           ,
           and
           fidelity
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           by
           the
           same
           Envoy
           Returns
           Answer
           ,
           That
           the
           services
           he
           had
           done
           
           him
           ,
           were
           of
           duty
           ;
           That
           he
           esteemed
           it
           his
           glory
           to
           have
           sustained
           the
           Envy
           of
           almost
           all
           the
           world
           in
           serving
           him
           ;
           That
           the
           predominant
           passion
           of
           his
           soul
           was
           his
           desire
           to
           see
           his
           Majesty
           ,
           and
           to
           put
           into
           his
           hands
           the
           Kingdom
           more
           sound
           and
           intire
           ,
           than
           he
           had
           received
           it
           ,
           at
           the
           beginning
           of
           his
           Administration
           .
        
         
           All
           Spain
           went
           to
           meet
           their
           new
           King
           :
           the
           Constable
           Velasio
           was
           attended
           with
           seven
           hundred
           horse
           ;
           the
           Council
           made
           haste
           to
           tender
           him
           their
           duty
           ,
           and
           thinking
           they
           had
           no
           more
           to
           do
           with
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           now
           Charles
           was
           arrived
           in
           Spain
           ,
           they
           took
           their
           journey
           without
           advertising
           the
           Cardinal
           .
           But
           he
           out
           went
           them
           by
           his
           Courriers
           ,
           whom
           he
           sent
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           desiring
           his
           Majesty
           not
           to
           suffer
           a
           disorder
           of
           so
           ill
           example
           in
           the
           State
           ;
           that
           the
           Council
           the
           principal
           body
           of
           it
           should
           thus
           separate
           from
           their
           head
           ,
           and
           intreating
           him
           to
           command
           them
           back
           to
           
             Aranda
             :
             Charles
          
           did
           so
           ,
           commanding
           the
           Council
           to
           return
           the
           way
           they
           came
           ,
           and
           go
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ;
           that
           it
           would
           be
           more
           acceptable
           to
           him
           to
           see
           them
           together
           with
           him
           .
           This
           put
           them
           in
           great
           disorder
           ;
           for
           ,
           having
           with
           them
           their
           Wives
           and
           Children
           ,
           they
           could
           not
           return
           without
           much
           inconvenience
           :
           They
           sent
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           entreated
           him
           he
           would
           be
           pleased
           to
           permit
           them
           to
           attend
           his
           Majesty
           in
           the
           place
           the
           Courrier
           found
           them
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           impatient
           of
           Contempt
           ,
           and
           highly
           offended
           at
           the
           slight
           offered
           him
           ,
           made
           no
           shew
           of
           Resentment
           ,
           but
           resolved
           not
           to
           bate
           them
           a
           step
           of
           their
           return
           to
           Aranda
           ;
           answers
           them
           ,
           That
           he
           was
           glad
           
           they
           were
           all
           in
           health
           ,
           that
           they
           all
           knew
           how
           punctual
           he
           had
           alwayes
           been
           in
           causing
           the
           obedience
           due
           to
           the
           King
           to
           be
           exactly
           performed
           .
           And
           since
           his
           Majesty
           had
           advised
           them
           to
           return
           to
           Aranda
           ;
           it
           was
           his
           advice
           ,
           They
           should
           obey
           him
           with
           all
           the
           diligence
           in
           their
           power
           .
           They
           ,
           as
           they
           parted
           rashly
           ,
           returned
           shamefully
           :
        
         
           The
           respect
           due
           to
           a
           Minister
           of
           State
           is
           to
           be
           preserved
           even
           to
           Jealousie
           ,
           as
           that
           that
           maintains
           his
           Authority
           which
           Slights
           and
           neglects
           destroy
           .
        
         
           At
           this
           arrival
           of
           the
           King
           in
           Spain
           ,
           the
           people
           were
           much
           moved
           ,
           and
           hotly
           demanded
           an
           Assembly
           of
           the
           States
           of
           the
           Realm
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           was
           of
           opinion
           it
           ought
           not
           to
           be
           granted
           so
           soon
           ,
           but
           that
           the
           King
           must
           be
           first
           Received
           ,
           and
           Affairs
           setled
           in
           a
           quiet
           Posture
           ,
           saying
           ,
           It
           was
           of
           great
           concernment
           that
           Kings
           at
           their
           coming
           to
           the
           Crown
           should
           be
           received
           of
           their
           people
           with
           extraordinary
           reverence
           as
           a
           matter
           of
           great
           importance
           to
           their
           Authority
           :
           This
           advice
           was
           slighted
           ,
           but
           the
           neglect
           cost
           Spain
           dear
           .
           All
           the
           Kingdom
           was
           in
           trouble
           and
           the
           State
           in
           danger
           by
           the
           contests
           that
           arose
           about
           the
           place
           where
           the
           Estates
           should
           convene
           ;
           at
           last
           it
           was
           agreed
           ,
           the
           King
           should
           come
           to
           Valladolid
           for
           holding
           the
           Assembly
           .
        
         
           There
           the
           envy
           of
           the
           Cardinal's
           enemies
           mustered
           all
           its
           force
           to
           affront
           his
           Person
           ,
           and
           attacque
           his
           Authority
           .
           The
           harbingers
           of
           this
           great
           Minister
           having
           taken
           up
           a
           house
           for
           him
           ,
           the
           Marshals
           of
           the
           Kings
           Lodgings
           ,
           being
           Flemmings
           ,
           set
           on
           by
           the
           Grandees
           ,
           took
           it
           
           from
           them
           ,
           and
           for
           reason
           told
           them
           ,
           This
           Lodging
           must
           be
           marked
           for
           Queen
           Germain
           ;
           The
           Cardinal
           Jealous
           of
           his
           Authority
           ,
           and
           impatient
           of
           Affronts
           ,
           having
           discovered
           the
           practises
           of
           the
           Flemmings
           ,
           disputed
           it
           with
           them
           ,
           and
           carryed
           the
           Lodgings
           .
        
         
           But
           he
           must
           shortly
           dislodge
           from
           the
           Court
           ,
           and
           the
           world
           ,
           though
           with
           the
           same
           honour
           he
           had
           lived
           there
           :
           the
           Flemmings
           enter
           into
           a
           Cabbal
           ,
           to
           outt
           him
           the
           Court.
           Mota
           Bishop
           of
           Badaos
           ,
           a
           dignity
           he
           owed
           wholly
           to
           the
           Cardinal's
           favour
           ,
           to
           please
           Xeures
           ,
           the
           Kings
           favourite
           ,
           (
           as
           the
           Spaniards
           say
           )
           and
           his
           own
           interest
           ,
           advised
           Charles
           to
           remove
           the
           Cardinal
           from
           Court
           into
           his
           Diocess
           of
           
             Toledo
             .
             Charles
          
           who
           was
           no
           less
           obliged
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           than
           to
           him
           who
           gave
           him
           the
           Crown
           of
           Spain
           ,
           forgot
           the
           services
           of
           this
           Grand
           Minister
           ,
           followed
           Mota's
           advice
           ,
           and
           by
           his
           inconstancy
           confirmed
           the
           Proverb
           ,
           that
           Services
           of
           great
           ones
           are
           no
           inheritance
           ;
           having
           sent
           a
           letter
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           the
           tenour
           whereof
           was
           this
           .
        
         
           My
           Lord
           Cardinal
           ,
           I
           hold
           on
           my
           journey
           by
           Jurdefillas
           ;
           whereof
           I
           thought
           fit
           to
           advertise
           you
           ,
           that
           you
           may
           come
           to
           M●jados
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Segorges
           House
           ,
           where
           I
           desire
           to
           see
           you
           ,
           and
           to
           receive
           your
           good
           Counsels
           ,
           not
           only
           for
           the
           conduct
           of
           my
           Estate
           ,
           but
           the
           ordering
           of
           my
           Family
           ,
           which
           I
           will
           regulate
           according
           to
           your
           sage
           Advice
           .
           This
           is
           the
           last
           help
           I
           can
           receive
           of
           you
           in
           my
           Affairs
           ;
           for
           ,
           your
           long
           Services
           deserve
           repose
           ,
           and
           your
           Age
           requires
           it
           ;
           and
           I
           grant
           it
           willingly
           ,
           and
           advise
           you
           to
           retire
           to
           
           your
           house
           ,
           to
           enjoy
           it
           with
           more
           pleasure
           .
           God
           alone
           can
           give
           you
           a
           just
           recompence
           for
           your
           long
           travels
           in
           the
           conduct
           of
           this
           Kingdom
           ;
           as
           for
           me
           I
           shall
           never
           forget
           them
           ,
           and
           will
           ever
           pay
           you
           the
           respects
           due
           from
           a
           good
           natured
           Child
           to
           a
           careful
           and
           bounteous
           Father
           .
        
         
           This
           Letter
           of
           dismission
           by
           the
           trouble
           it
           gave
           the
           Cardinal
           cast
           him
           into
           a
           Feaver
           which
           brought
           him
           to
           his
           Grave
           ,
           though
           some
           Spanish
           Historians
           say
           ,
           that
           the
           Courrier
           who
           carryed
           it
           ,
           finding
           the
           Cardinal
           desperately
           sick
           delivered
           it
           not
           ,
           but
           that
           (
           the
           Feaver
           holding
           him
           eighteen
           hours
           after
           ,
           whereas
           the
           Physicians
           advertised
           him
           ,
           he
           could
           not
           live
           above
           six
           hours
           )
           he
           brought
           back
           the
           Letter
           to
           the
           Council
           ,
           and
           delivered
           it
           to
           Adrian
           .
           Others
           write
           ,
           that
           he
           received
           it
           on
           his
           death-bed
           ,
           and
           called
           for
           pen
           ,
           ink
           ,
           and
           paper
           to
           answer
           it
           ;
           but
           that
           ,
           having
           written
           three
           or
           four
           Lines
           ,
           his
           strength
           failed
           him
           ,
           the
           pen
           dropt
           out
           of
           his
           hand
           ,
           and
           he
           soon
           after
           breathed
           his
           last
           .
           These
           Lines
           ,
           or
           piece
           of
           a
           Letter
           were
           never
           published
           ,
           as
           if
           fate
           had
           been
           unwilling
           to
           discover
           to
           the
           world
           any
           thing
           imperfect
           to
           which
           this
           man
           had
           put
           his
           hand
           .
           Certain
           it
           is
           ,
           the
           Cardinal
           perceiving
           he
           must
           shortly
           dye
           ,
           made
           an
           End
           worthy
           his
           good
           life
           ,
           Mustering
           up
           the
           force
           of
           his
           Spirit
           ,
           in
           the
           weakness
           of
           his
           body
           ,
           and
           discoursing
           piously
           and
           learnedly
           of
           the
           mercy
           of
           God
           ,
           the
           inconstancy
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           the
           Vanity
           of
           the
           Court
           ;
           imbracing
           the
           Crucifix
           ,
           bedewing
           his
           face
           with
           tears
           ,
           he
           begged
           pardon
           from
           God
           for
           his
           
           sins
           ,
           and
           having
           protested
           he
           had
           not
           laid
           out
           one
           Rial
           of
           the
           Revenues
           of
           his
           Benefices
           for
           the
           advancement
           of
           his
           Kindred
           ,
           he
           received
           the
           Christian
           -
           Viaticum
           ,
           the
           Holy
           Eucharist
           ,
           repeating
           often
           those
           words
           of
           
             David
             ,
             My
             God
             ,
             in
             thee
             have
             I
             put
             my
             Trust
             ,
          
           and
           went
           to
           enjoy
           in
           Heaven
           those
           Crowns
           which
           God
           gives
           them
           ,
           who
           govern
           people
           with
           prudence
           ,
           integrity
           ,
           and
           piety
           .
           This
           happened
           on
           Sunday
           the
           ninth
           of
           November
           ,
           1517.
           in
           the
           80th
           .
           year
           of
           his
           Age
           ,
           having
           worn
           the
           Mytre
           of
           Toledo
           22.
           years
           ,
           and
           governed
           Spain
           ,
           as
           many
           ,
           under
           
             Ferdinand
             ,
             Isabel
             ,
             Joan
             ,
             Philip
          
           and
           Charles
           :
           His
           body
           was
           interred
           in
           the
           Colledge
           of
           St.
           Idelphons
           in
           
             Alcala
             D'
             Henares
          
           ,
           which
           he
           had
           built
           ;
           his
           Tomb
           of
           white
           Marble
           ,
           and
           his
           Effigies
           of
           the
           same
           are
           to
           be
           seen
           at
           this
           day
           ,
           with
           this
           Epitaph
           worthy
           his
           illustrious
           Actions
           ,
           which
           comprehends
           in
           short
           ,
           both
           what
           he
           did
           before
           his
           Glorious
           Administration
           ,
           and
           his
           Acts
           in
           the
           State
           ,
           
             
               Condideram
               Musis
               Franciscus
               Grande
               Lycaeum
               ,
            
             
               Condor
               in
               exiguo
               nunc
               ego
               Sarcophago
               .
            
             
               Praetextam
               junxi
               Sacco
               ,
               Galeamque
               Galero
               ,
            
             
               Frater
               ,
               Dux
               ,
               Praesul
               ,
               Cardineusque
               Pater
               .
            
             
               Quin
               virtute
               Mea
               junctum
               est
               Diadema
               Cucullo
               ,
            
             
               Cum
               Mihi
               regnanti
               paruit
               Hesperia
               .
            
          
        
         
           He
           was
           tall
           ,
           and
           streight
           of
           Stature
           ,
           of
           a
           serious
           Look
           ,
           carrying
           in
           his
           face
           natural
           Gravity
           ,
           his
           voice
           was
           Masculine
           and
           firm
           ,
           his
           Visage
           Long
           and
           Meagre
           ,
           his
           forehead
           Large
           and
           without
           Wrinkles
           ,
           midling
           eyes
           somewhat
           deep
           set
           
           in
           his
           head
           ,
           but
           very
           lively
           ;
           his
           Nose
           long
           and
           aquiline
           ;
           his
           Teeth
           jutting
           out
           a
           little
           toward
           his
           Lipps
           ,
           which
           gave
           the
           Courtiers
           occasion
           in
           Raillery
           to
           call
           him
           ,
           The
           Elephant
           :
           a
           piece
           of
           Buffonnery
           wherein
           they
           spoke
           more
           truth
           than
           they
           were
           ware
           of
           ;
           for
           an
           Elephant
           must
           he
           needs
           have
           been
           in
           strength
           ,
           who
           carryed
           the
           weight
           of
           so
           many
           Affairs
           ,
           and
           so
           great
           Crosses
           .
           Twenty
           eight
           years
           after
           his
           death
           ,
           as
           they
           were
           digging
           the
           Grave
           his
           body
           lay
           in
           ,
           they
           drew
           out
           his
           Bones
           ,
           and
           his
           Head
           ,
           once
           the
           Palace
           of
           the
           greatest
           Judgement
           that
           ever
           appeared
           in
           Spain
           ,
           the
           Scull
           whereof
           was
           all
           of
           a
           piece
           ,
           without
           Suture
           ,
           the
           mark
           of
           a
           strong
           Brain
           ;
           but
           withal
           the
           cause
           of
           the
           continual
           Head-aches
           he
           was
           subject
           to
           ,
           by
           the
           vapours
           wanting
           vent
           .
        
         
           This
           is
           the
           Pourtrait
           of
           his
           body
           :
           that
           of
           his
           mind
           is
           already
           drawn
           in
           those
           many
           illustrious
           Actions
           ,
           and
           sage
           Counsels
           it
           produced
           :
           yet
           like
           the
           Painters
           finishing
           Touches
           ,
           we
           'll
           add
           some
           observations
           to
           the
           body
           of
           our
           past
           Story
           .
           He
           expressed
           himself
           in
           few
           words
           ,
           but
           handsome
           and
           very
           significant
           ,
           his
           Answers
           were
           clear
           and
           very
           intelligible
           ;
           and
           when
           he
           discoursed
           of
           any
           business
           ,
           he
           never
           went
           from
           the
           point
           ;
           his
           Entertainments
           were
           serious
           ,
           saying
           often
           with
           the
           Roman
           Orator
           ,
           We
           were
           not
           born
           to
           trifle
           away
           time
           ,
           in
           sports
           and
           playes
           ,
           but
           to
           imploy
           our selves
           in
           serious
           Matters
           and
           Affairs
           of
           Weight
           .
           His
           Study
           was
           his
           Pleasure
           ;
           and
           Discourses
           of
           Divinity
           his
           Recreations
           after
           Meat
           .
        
         
           True
           it
           is
           Melancholy
           was
           his
           ,
           as
           most
           great
           mens
           predominant
           humour
           :
           but
           when
           it
           troubled
           him
           ,
           
           he
           retired
           from
           business
           ,
           and
           appeared
           not
           to
           any
           but
           his
           most
           intimate
           Familiars
           .
           This
           discovered
           it self
           in
           some
           notable
           passages
           of
           his
           life
           ,
           as
           the
           Baptizing
           the
           Moors
           of
           Granada
           ,
           with
           the
           Laver
           ,
           and
           his
           design
           to
           Conquer
           Africk
           .
           What
           he
           had
           once
           resolved
           on
           ,
           he
           executed
           with
           incredible
           promptitude
           :
           Salust
           had
           taught
           him
           that
           lesson
           which
           he
           would
           often
           repeat
           ,
           That
           nimble
           Execution
           ought
           to
           tread
           on
           the
           heels
           of
           deliberate
           Resolutions
           .
           No
           man
           more
           impatient
           of
           contempt
           and
           slights
           offered
           against
           his
           Authority
           ,
           none
           more
           apt
           to
           endure
           Liberty
           of
           Speech
           .
        
         
           A
           Priest
           of
           Osma
           desired
           of
           him
           a
           Judge
           extraordinary
           to
           determine
           a
           suit
           he
           had
           depending
           ,
           and
           pressed
           him
           earnestly
           ,
           as
           the
           chief
           of
           the
           Council
           ,
           to
           grant
           it
           ;
           the
           Cardinal
           answered
           ,
           The
           ordinary
           Judges
           should
           do
           him
           right
           ,
           that
           he
           must
           content
           himself
           with
           them
           ,
           and
           abide
           satisfied
           with
           their
           Decree
           ,
           that
           he
           knew
           not
           where
           to
           find
           better
           in
           all
           the
           Cities
           of
           Spain
           .
           Is
           it
           possible
           (
           said
           the
           Priest
           )
           that
           the
           pittiful
           Burrough
           of
           Torrelagine
           should
           give
           a
           Primate
           to
           all
           Spain
           ,
           and
           so
           many
           Cities
           not
           afford
           a
           competent
           Judge
           for
           a
           small
           suit
           ?
           The
           Cardinal
           finding
           him
           so
           free
           in
           his
           expression
           ,
           thought
           he
           had
           belonged
           to
           some
           Grandee
           ,
           who
           had
           set
           him
           on
           to
           speak
           these
           words
           ,
           and
           asked
           him
           ,
           Who
           was
           his
           Master
           ?
           My self
           ,
           said
           the
           Priest
           ,
           and
           I
           be
           ,
           no
           other
           :
           You
           say
           well
           ,
           replyed
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           you
           cannot
           have
           a
           better
           ;
           and
           having
           given
           a
           Judge
           as
           desired
           ,
           dismissed
           him
           .
           Contrera
           a
           Spanish
           Priest
           Preached
           one
           day
           before
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           and
           ,
           with
           more
           Zeal
           than
           Discretion
           ,
           inveighed
           
           against
           Rich
           Habits
           ,
           not
           considering
           how
           necessary
           they
           are
           to
           procure
           Reverence
           from
           the
           people
           to
           persons
           in
           Authority
           and
           Eminent
           Dignity
           ;
           and
           turning
           to
           the
           Cardinal
           ,
           he
           reproved
           him
           in
           the
           face
           of
           the
           Congregation
           for
           wearing
           a
           Robe
           lined
           with
           rich
           Furrs
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           took
           this
           Reprimande
           very
           patiently
           ,
           and
           after
           Sermon
           invited
           the
           Preacher
           to
           Dinner
           ,
           and
           commended
           his
           Sermon
           .
           Some
           write
           that
           after
           Sermon
           he
           took
           the
           Preacher
           aside
           into
           the
           Vestry
           ,
           and
           having
           opened
           his
           Bosome
           ,
           shewed
           him
           a
           hair
           Cloth
           under
           his
           Robe
           ;
           but
           I
           dare
           not
           affirm
           it
           ,
           lest
           I
           seem
           to
           condemn
           the
           most
           solid
           Judgement
           of
           that
           Age
           ,
           of
           Levity
           .
           Time
           was
           one
           of
           the
           things
           most
           in
           his
           Esteem
           ,
           and
           knowing
           that
           the
           Loss
           of
           it
           was
           irreparable
           ,
           he
           was
           a
           very
           niggard
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           loath
           to
           lose
           a
           moment
           :
           he
           was
           alwayes
           Trimmed
           by
           Night
           ,
           for
           fear
           of
           spending
           any
           part
           of
           the
           day
           on
           the
           necessities
           of
           his
           person
           ,
           which
           might
           be
           dispatched
           another
           time
           .
           And
           as
           he
           was
           Trimmed
           ,
           it
           was
           his
           course
           to
           have
           some
           serious
           Book
           Read
           to
           him
           .
           He
           took
           an
           ineffable
           delight
           to
           bestow
           Benefices
           in
           his
           Gift
           ,
           on
           persons
           Capable
           ,
           who
           sought
           them
           not
           ,
           nor
           knew
           of
           the
           Vacancies
           ;
           and
           severely
           rejected
           such
           as
           begged
           them
           of
           him
           ,
           as
           failing
           in
           the
           respects
           due
           to
           his
           person
           .
           The
           way
           to
           miss
           a
           promotion
           from
           him
           ,
           was
           to
           begg
           it
           of
           him
           .
           One
           of
           his
           Almoners
           had
           advice
           of
           a
           Vacancy
           very
           convenient
           for
           him
           ;
           and
           ,
           knowing
           that
           if
           he
           moved
           not
           the
           Cardinal
           for
           it
           ,
           he
           might
           bestow
           it
           on
           one
           he
           never
           thought
           of
           ;
           and
           that
           to
           begg
           it
           ,
           
           was
           to
           lose
           it
           ;
           he
           presented
           himself
           to
           his
           Master
           ,
           and
           bespoke
           him
           thus
           :
           My
           Lord
           ,
           such
           a
           Benefice
           is
           void
           ,
           To
           desire
           it
           of
           you
           ,
           were
           to
           violate
           your
           Laws
           ,
           and
           the
           prohibitions
           you
           have
           made
           in
           that
           behalf
           ,
           which
           I
           will
           never
           do
           ,
           nor
           came
           I
           to
           that
           purpose
           ,
           but
           humbly
           to
           crave
           your
           Directions
           how
           to
           obtain
           it
           .
           The
           Cardinal
           liked
           his
           address
           ,
           and
           answered
           ,
           You
           shall
           have
           it
           with
           a
           good
           will
           ,
           get
           the
           Writings
           dispatched
           ,
           and
           the
           Benefice
           will
           be
           yours
           ;
           and
           instantly
           commanded
           his
           Secretary
           to
           provide
           them
           .
        
         
           But
           as
           he
           was
           severe
           in
           rejecting
           the
           importunate
           requests
           of
           his
           Domesticks
           ,
           he
           was
           no
           less
           ready
           to
           acknowledge
           their
           Services
           ,
           but
           would
           have
           his
           favours
           prevent
           their
           demands
           ,
           to
           engage
           them
           with
           more
           grace
           ,
           and
           stronger
           obligation
           .
           'T
           is
           observed
           of
           this
           great
           Minister
           ,
           that
           never
           Man
           served
           him
           in
           or
           out
           of
           his
           Family
           ,
           who
           was
           not
           largely
           Rewarded
           .
           God
           made
           man
           Free-born
           :
           Fortune
           hath
           Robbed
           him
           of
           that
           Liberty
           ,
           by
           reduceing
           him
           under
           Servitude
           of
           great
           Ones
           ,
           who
           are
           guilty
           of
           Ravishing
           from
           him
           ,
           what
           is
           most
           precious
           ,
           his
           Liberty
           ,
           and
           his
           Time
           ;
           unless
           they
           restore
           them
           the
           fruits
           of
           the
           one
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           by
           way
           of
           recompence
           in
           ample
           rewards
           ,
           which
           alone
           can
           repair
           the
           loss
           of
           this
           letter
           ,
           being
           otherwise
           irrecoverable
           .
        
         
           The
           Cardinal
           was
           apt
           to
           resent
           Injuries
           ,
           and
           Affronts
           ,
           but
           no
           man
           more
           thankful
           for
           Pleasures
           done
           him
           ,
           which
           he
           never
           forgot
           .
           Brunet
           the
           Spaniard
           ,
           mentioned
           in
           the
           beginning
           
           of
           this
           Story
           who
           assisted
           him
           in
           his
           Voyage
           to
           Rome
           when
           the
           Robbers
           had
           left
           him
           only
           his
           Tongue
           to
           begg
           ,
           is
           a
           pregnant
           Instance
           :
           this
           man
           came
           to
           see
           him
           in
           the
           time
           of
           his
           greatness
           .
           The
           Honours
           ,
           the
           familiarity
           ,
           and
           intimate
           privacy
           the
           Cardinal
           afforded
           him
           ,
           put
           the
           Court
           into
           Admiration
           .
           No
           person
           in
           Spain
           ,
           the
           King
           only
           excepted
           ,
           having
           received
           so
           much
           respect
           from
           him
           :
           He
           laboured
           to
           retain
           him
           neer
           himself
           ,
           he
           sent
           him
           presents
           ,
           promised
           him
           what
           entertainment
           ,
           offered
           him
           what
           preferment
           he
           pleased
           ,
           courted
           his
           acceptance
           of
           Bishopricks
           ,
           and
           great
           Offices
           ;
           ●or
           raising
           his
           Fortune
           :
           But
           Brunet
           ,
           who
           pre●erred
           the
           repose
           of
           a
           mean
           Condition
           ,
           before
           ●he
           troubles
           of
           the
           great
           dignities
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           ●aving
           thanked
           the
           Cardinal
           for
           the
           honours
           he
           ●id
           him
           ,
           the
           offers
           and
           promises
           made
           him
           ,
           ●etyred
           home
           to
           enjoy
           there
           that
           tranquillity
           he
           ●esired
           ,
           in
           those
           conveniencies
           whereof
           he
           had
           ●●fficient
           to
           satisfie
           him
           .
        
         
           Monsieur
           Xeures
           ,
           who
           envyed
           the
           Reputation
           ●f
           this
           great
           Minister
           ,
           and
           feared
           his
           liberty
           of
           ●peech
           to
           King
           Charles
           against
           him
           ;
           and
           after
           him
           ,
           ●●e
           Cardinal
           Granvel
           ,
           on
           consideration
           of
           the
           ●randeur
           of
           his
           Actions
           ,
           averr
           the
           Cardinal
           ●●●ued
           of
           Royal-blood
           ,
           though
           Time
           ,
           which
           no
           ●●ss
           Conceals
           ,
           than
           Discovers
           the
           best
           of
           things
           ●●th
           hid
           his
           Extraction
           ,
           it
           being
           in
           their
           Opini●●
           impossible
           a
           Private
           man
           should
           be
           capable
           of
           〈◊〉
           great
           things
           ,
           unless
           he
           had
           in
           him
           the
           Seeds
           of
           ●●ose
           vertues
           which
           are
           proper
           to
           Monarks
           ,
           ●●d
           were
           descended
           of
           mighty
           Potentates
           .
           
           But
           such
           was
           the
           life
           ,
           and
           such
           were
           the
           Actions
           of
           
             Francis
             Ximenes
          
           ,
           surnamed
           ,
           for
           the
           effects
           of
           his
           prudence
           ,
           
             The
             Cardinal
             of
             Spain
          
           ,
           whose
           Counsels
           are
           to
           this
           day
           observed
           in
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           and
           his
           Vertues
           serve
           the
           World
           for
           Directions
           in
           the
           Conduct
           of
           State.
           For
           if
           the
           Pourtraicts
           of
           great
           Persons
           have
           the
           property
           to
           make
           the
           spectators
           to
           imitate
           their
           qualities
           ,
           their
           Vertues
           are
           excellent
           guides
           to
           lead
           us
           aright
           by
           their
           illustrious
           splendour
           in
           the
           wayes
           of
           this
           World.
           
        
         
           THE
           END
           .
        
         
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A26840-e3670
           
             J.
             Caesar
             .
          
           
             Plato
             .
          
        
         
           Notes for div A26840-e9680
           
             Scipio
             .