subject-spain-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-25 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 31 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 1,679,412 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 54,174 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 89. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

king, great, de, spain, made, one, time, men, many, castile, two, much, duke, people, prince, sent, first, queen, france, will, kingdom, came, may, city, good, now, hee, yet, without, also, war, year, might, aragon, taken, make, son, spaniards, place, pope, kings, well, john, death, went, shall, took, earl, th, put

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are The general history of Spain from the first peopling of it by Tubal, till the death of King Ferdinand, who united the crowns of Castile and Aragon : with a continuation to the death of King Philip III / written in Spanish by the R.F.F. John de Mariana ; to which are added, two supplements, the first by F. Ferdinand Camargo y Salcedo, the other by F. Basil Varen de Soto, bringing it down to the present reign ; the whole translated from the Spanish by Capt. John Stevens., The civil wars of Spain in the beginning of the reign of Charls [sic] the 5t, Emperor of Germanie and King of that nation written originally in the Spanish-tongue by Prudencio de Sandoval ... ; never yet translated, now put into English by Captain J.W., and Memoirs of the court of Spain in two parts / written by an ingenious French lady ; done into English by T. Brown..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

king ferdinand, catholick king, king alonso, john de, de la, don pedro, king philip, great captain, de padilla, marquess de, alonso de, king henry, duke de, every one, iohn de, great number, thousand duckats, one another, sir william, don iuan, prince henry, went away, early english, english books, next day, new world, laid siege, de luna, lord high, de haro, de medina, medina celi, peter de, two kings, prince ferdinand, de lara, lord admiral, greatest part, prince john, books online, alvaro de, king john, count de, one day, king peter, king sancho, mean time, may bee, king iames, two years

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are The general history of Spain from the first peopling of it by Tubal, till the death of King Ferdinand, who united the crowns of Castile and Aragon : with a continuation to the death of King Philip III / written in Spanish by the R.F.F. John de Mariana ; to which are added, two supplements, the first by F. Ferdinand Camargo y Salcedo, the other by F. Basil Varen de Soto, bringing it down to the present reign ; the whole translated from the Spanish by Capt. John Stevens. A translate of a letter from Don Lewis de Harro chief counsellor and Minister of State to his Majesty of Spaine sent unto the King of Scots at Brussels concerning the affaires in England, publication of the Articles of Peace and marriage with France, &c., and The process, and pleadings in the court of Spain upon the death of Anthonie Ascham resident for the Parliament of England, and of John Baptista Riva his interpreter, who were kill''d by John Guillim, William Spark, Valentine Progers, Jo. Halsal, William Arnet, Henrie Progers. Who are all in close prison in Madrid for the said fact, except Henry Progers, who fled to the Venetian ambassador''s hous, and so escaped. / Sent from Madrid from a person of qualitie and made English..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

king, duke, tcp, prince, spaniards, kingdom, lord, country, city, people, majesty, english, council, queen, pope, god, england, court, church, town, state, spanish, spain, order, men, master, government, general, france, father, catholick, captain, world, war, spaine, sea, romans, queene, province, moors, man, kingdome, inhabitants, indians, gold, french, fleet, empire, earl, don

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be king, and A choice narrative of Count Gondamor''s transactions during his embassy in England by that renowned antiquary, Sir Robert Cotton, knight and baronet ; exposed to publick light, for the benefit of the whole nation by a person of honour. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

1. king - The general history of Spain from the first peopling of it by Tubal, till the death of King Ferdinand, who united the crowns of Castile and Aragon : with a continuation to the death of King Philip III / written in Spanish by the R.F.F. John de Mariana ; to which are added, two supplements, the first by F. Ferdinand Camargo y Salcedo, the other by F. Basil Varen de Soto, bringing it down to the present reign ; the whole translated from the Spanish by Capt. John Stevens.
2. king - An account of the first voyages and discoveries made by the Spaniards in America containing the most exact relation hitherto publish''d, of their unparallel''d cruelties on the Indians, in the destruction of above forty millions of people : with the propositions offer''d to the King of Spain to prevent the further ruin of the West-Indies / by Don Bartholomew de las Casas, Bishop of Chiapa, who was an eye-witness of their cruelties ; illustrated with cuts ; to which is added, The art of travelling, shewing how a man may dispose his travels to the best advantage.
3. hee - The civil wars of Spain in the beginning of the reign of Charls [sic] the 5t, Emperor of Germanie and King of that nation written originally in the Spanish-tongue by Prudencio de Sandoval ... ; never yet translated, now put into English by Captain J.W.

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

1. king, great, castile - The general history of Spain from the first peopling of it by Tubal, till the death of King Ferdinand, who united the crowns of Castile and Aragon : with a continuation to the death of King Philip III / written in Spanish by the R.F.F. John de Mariana ; to which are added, two supplements, the first by F. Ferdinand Camargo y Salcedo, the other by F. Basil Varen de Soto, bringing it down to the present reign ; the whole translated from the Spanish by Capt. John Stevens.
2. em, king, spaniards - An account of the first voyages and discoveries made by the Spaniards in America containing the most exact relation hitherto publish''d, of their unparallel''d cruelties on the Indians, in the destruction of above forty millions of people : with the propositions offer''d to the King of Spain to prevent the further ruin of the West-Indies / by Don Bartholomew de las Casas, Bishop of Chiapa, who was an eye-witness of their cruelties ; illustrated with cuts ; to which is added, The art of travelling, shewing how a man may dispose his travels to the best advantage.
3. king, great, queen - Megalopsychy, being a particular and exact account of the last XVII years of Q. Elizabeths reign, both military and civil the first written by Sir William Monson ..., the second written by Heywood Townsend, Esq. ; wherein is a true and faithful relation ... of the English and Spanish wars, from the year 1585, to the Queens death ; with a full account of the eminent speeches and debates, &c., in the said time ; to which is added Dr. Parry''s tryal in the year 1584 ; all written at the time of the actions, by persons eminently acting therein.
4. hee, bee, said - The civil wars of Spain in the beginning of the reign of Charls [sic] the 5t, Emperor of Germanie and King of that nation written originally in the Spanish-tongue by Prudencio de Sandoval ... ; never yet translated, now put into English by Captain J.W.
5. king, shall, hath - Thomas Campanella, an Italian friar and second Machiavel, his advice to the King of Spain for attaining the universal monarchy of the world particularly concerning England, Scotland and Ireland, how to raise division between king and Parliament, to alter the government from a kingdome to a commonwealth, thereby embroiling England in civil war to divert the English from disturbing the Spaniard in bringing the Indian treasure into Spain : also for reducing Holland by procuring war betwixt England, Holland, and other sea-faring countries ... / translated into English by Ed. Chilmead, and published for awakening the English to prevent the approaching ruine of their nation ; with an admonitorie preface by William Prynne, of Lincolnes-Inne, Esquire.

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

time, people, men, part, others, kings, death, place, years, day, way, hee, order, things, king, man, nothing, reason, manner, thing, rest, name, year, country, number, towns, end, places, side, t, days, body, tho, self, persons, war, thence, arms, forces, person, subjects, brother, parts, peace, power, hands, hand, occasion, life, account

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

was, be, had, is, were, have, being, are, made, been, sent, having, said, came, did, make, taken, went, took, do, put, called, gave, take, done, give, given, brought, come, set, left, go, found, see, received, say, thought, bee, let, began, held, betwixt, returned, lay, according, agreed, laid, killed, kept, resolved

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

king, spain, de, duke, d., prince, castile, france, queen, kingdom, aragon, city, pope, spaniards, son, john, earl, ferdinand, moors, toledo, men, war, alonso, lord, don, portugal, town, year, god, cardinal, army, navarre, england, french, father, emperor, peter, princes, indians, council, naples, majesty, fleet, henry, court, crown, master, church, general, rome

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

his, he, they, it, their, him, them, her, i, himself, she, our, we, themselves, my, you, ''em, your, us, its, me, one, em, thy, theirs, thee, ours, us''d, herself, dy''d, mine, vp, ''s, yours, hers, march''d, itself, whosoever, on̄a, hee, burgos, whereof, sign''d, severall, s, pe, lye, l, bloodie, 〈

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

great, other, many, such, same, good, own, first, much, more, several, new, last, little, most, whole, certain, greater, small, present, greatest, second, least, better, true, able, strong, few, long, next, particular, best, french, old, poor, ill, former, full, general, young, considerable, necessary, late, high, rich, spanish, famous, ready, like, private

not, so, then, very, now, as, up, also, out, only, more, there, well, therefore, most, much, away, never, soon, thus, first, yet, again, still, off, before, over, together, ever, afterwards, here, far, down, rather, long, too, in, on, all, onely, immediately, about, likewise, no, almost, even, often, especially, presently, easily

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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