A relation of seaven yeares slaverie under the Turkes of Argeire, suffered by an English captive merchant Wherein is also conteined all memorable passages, fights, and accidents, which happined in that citie, and at sea with their shippes and gallies during that time. Together with a description of the sufferings of the miserable captives under that mercilesse tyrannie. Whereunto is added a second booke conteining a discription of Argeire, with its originall, manner of government, increase, and present flourishing estate. By Francis Knight. Knight, Francis. This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A04907 of text S108100 in the English Short Title Catalog (STC 15048). Textual changes and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life. 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(EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A04907) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 8545) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 1108:09) A relation of seaven yeares slaverie under the Turkes of Argeire, suffered by an English captive merchant Wherein is also conteined all memorable passages, fights, and accidents, which happined in that citie, and at sea with their shippes and gallies during that time. Together with a description of the sufferings of the miserable captives under that mercilesse tyrannie. Whereunto is added a second booke conteining a discription of Argeire, with its originall, manner of government, increase, and present flourishing estate. By Francis Knight. Knight, Francis. [4], 56 p. : ill., map Printed by T. Cotes, for Michael Sparke Junior, and are to be sold at the signe of the blue Bible in Greene Arbour, London : 1640. The first leaf bears a woodcut. Another state of the edition with Thomas Nicholes's name in the imprint. Reproduction of the original in the British Library. eng Slavery -- Early works to 1800. Algeria -- History -- 1516-1830 -- Early works to 1800. A04907 S108100 (STC 15048). civilwar no A relation of seaven yeares slaverie under the Turkes of Argeire, suffered by an English captive merchant. Wherein is also conteined all mem Knight, Francis 1640 25030 50 0 0 0 0 0 20 C The rate of 20 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the C category of texts with between 10 and 35 defects per 10,000 words. 2004-02 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2004-03 Aptara Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2004-07 Rachel Losh Sampled and proofread 2004-07 Rachel Losh Text and markup reviewed and edited 2004-10 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion A RELATION OF SEAVEN YEARES SLAVERIE VNDER THE Turkes of Argeire , suffered by an English Captive Merchant . Wherein is also conteined all memorable Passages , Fights , and Accidents , which happined in that Citie , and at Sea with their Shippes and Gallies during that time . Together with a Description of the sufferings of the miserable Captives under that mercilesse Tyrannie . Whereunto is added a Second Booke conteining a Discription of Argeire , with its Originall , manner of Government , Increase , and present flourishing Estate . — Pertot discrimina rerum Tendimus in Patriam ▪ — BY FRANCIS KNIGHT . LONDON , Printed by T. Cotes , for Michael Sparke Iunior , and are to be sold at the signe of the blue Bible in Greene Arbour . 1640. TO THE RIGHT WORSHIPFVLL , AND WORTHY HONOVRED KNIGHT , Sr. PAVL PINDER . Noble Sir , the Renowne of your Illustrious Vertues in Forraine Nations , by exemplary Pietie at home , hath beene so apparent to me , though a stranger to my Native Country , that I have presumed to present your Worship with his Treatise , ●●iessing my ardent affection for the inlargement of the Multitude of my poore Country-men , groaning under the merciless yoake of Turkish thraldome ; and the rather my selfe having there suffered , losse of my estate , and the misery of 7. yeares slaverie in chaines , and in the Gallies of Argeire , it s not unknowne to your Worship , having beene Resident in those parts , what their sufferings are , as scoffes , threats , blowes , chaines , hunger , nakednesse , with innumberable others , and which is most deplorable , their danger of falling from the Christian and most holy faith , of which sort . I have knowne many who through the extremitie of their sufferings hath renounced their Saviour , and imbraced the Mahomitan and diabolicall Imposture , these miseries and innumerable others , having beene presented to my eyes , though now by the mercy of God , happily escaped , doe still increase my zeale for their liberties , which your worship being an eminent personage in this flourishing Kingdome , may be a worthy instrument to accomplish ; I feare to be too presumptious in craving your worships Patronage to this impolite discourse , and therefore humbly beseech your Worships pardon , and implore the Divine Majestie to conserve your person and honour , in making them long and happie in earth , and in fine to reward you with Eternall happinesse , Thus prayes he that is your Worships most humble Suppliant FRANCIS KNIGHT . To the Reader . THe Subject of this following discourse , neede no Apologie to make way for its entertainement ; seeing none , to my knowledge , hath ever devulged in Print , the estate and condition of Captives in that place of Argeire . I have undertaken thus meanely to present them to your sight , let the Curteous Reader pardon the faults , both of the Authour and the Presse , some whereof are observed in the Errata following , Farwell . ERRATA . PAge 9. line 21. for Geneva read Genava , and l. 24. for Challery , r. Callerie , p. 10. l. s. for towne r. tower , & l 7. for Cap● & Colpe , & l. 18. r. dayes they returned , & l. 33. for began r. Bogiva●● . p. 11. l. 9. for acclamation r. accumelation , & l. 22. for Gr●m●oy● r. ●●annoys , & l. ult. r. concentedly , p. 12. l. 11. for Abdera Mourine , r. Alderam . ● Rice . p. 14. l. 3. for declared r. declaro , & l. 24. for seeming r. seeing , and l. 28. for pertner r. patron . p. 15. l. 1. r. afterward a , & l. 34. for watched , r weighed , & l ult , for trouble r. travell . p. 16. l. 17. f. Forts r. For●es , & l. 35 , for messe● r. messia , l. 36. for Castle r. Coast . A True and strange Relation of seven yeares slavery under the Turkes of Argeire , suffered by an English Captive Merchant . VIcicitudes are incident to Kingdomes , to Cities , and to men , and was to me , in my age of 23. yeares and five moneths of my life : And in the yeare of grace 1631. On the ninth day of December , when it pleased Almightie God to give power to the Infidels to prevaile over me , whereby I became Captive , and interdicted the company of those of my consanguinitie ; prohibited of divine Oracles , and detained from my native Countrey ( to which I am yet a stranger ) but ( praised be God ) in way to survive , to see the naturall place of my habitation , and to re-expostulate with those , one with me in proximitie of blood , in the familiar language of our loves . Having passed those calamities , which as I want imagination to conceive , so am more defective to devulge . Ianuary the 16. day , in the yeare before nominated ; I arrived in that Citie fatall to all Christians , and the butchery of mankind , not that I so terme it in respect it serves as a purgation , to evacuate the Turkish countrey of superfluous people ; my condolation is for the losse of many Christians , taken from their parents and countries , of all sorts and sexes . Some in Infancy , both by Land and Sea , being forced to abuses ( most incorrigible flagitions ) not onely so , but bereast of Christian Religion , and meanes of grace and repentance . How many thousand of the Nazarian nations have beene and are continually lost by that monster , what rationall creature can be ignornnt of ? But farre worse is their condition from whom these peeces had their extraction , in whom their unhappy parents once delighted themselves , with hope they might prove souldiers in the Lords battles . To which intent they fed them with their sweate , nourisht them with their blood , and made their sole joyes ; what affliction is like theirs ? that such living peeces of their bodies should bee extorted from them . And by whom ? buriby a people unknowne , monsters more like then men , where they not onely have their naturall condition changed , and are made their Corrasive : but they do wilfully prove their countries greatest enemy . Who can but religiously condole their misfortunes , whose so prepellent hopes should bee turned to despaires ? Who would not wish his loynes dry rather then fruitfull in such wickednesse : these are not onely the greatest Caxdiators in Barbary , but in all others , not in places of obscuritie , But in the great Turkes Soray , who are his Courtiers ? who his Councellors ? who his Vissiers ? who his Bashawes ? who his greatest instruments , but these denyers , the sonnes of Christians . What hath beene the advancement of their glory ? but our neglect , I meane in the slightings of many poore soules , that in their agony despaired , and with Noah in a fit of their folly discovers these secrets that were hid 600. yeares before . Thus madly doe many of them cast themselves upon the point of those dangers , whereby they have seene so many miscarry : But being forced to that experience which they cannot redeeme , expiate all shame . I doe religiously lament the shipwracke of some of them who were of my acquaintance . To whose denyalls I have beene an occular witnesse . Lord how facile doe these professe the new Religion , priding themselves in Turkish ceremonies , and in a faith once execrable unto them ; whereto , not confidence but vice invokes them . Had they but the grace of a common woman , who with unloosing her Pettycoate looseth shame , but recovering it takes it up againe : there might be hopes of them , that at the hearing of the Cocke crow they might with Peter remember their sinnes , get out of them and weepe bitterly . There is hony to be taken out of the Lyon , and such a plague is opportunitie , that many aregular man is forced to sollicite their friends , and dearely to esteeme of their acquaintance , as well as to the perill ; I will ascribe to the Jeat stone his due . The obligation I owe to some of them I have a just propension to requite them for , but I am not oblieged to duske their vices nor contrarily will maliciously professe calumnies against them , but condoling their destinies with them grace . I was two yeares and fix moneths a slave to one of them : in which terminie I knew not what sufferings was only aflicted by being an occular testator of the calamities of others , I was not imployed in the least servility . His presence did not disturbe me , but I was most a Allegerie in his company , and sure then to fare best ; none of my actions but was to his content , and none so acceptable to him as my selfe . My affabilitie , freenesse of speech , and boldnesse had so obliged his affections to mee as almost the world could not expiate . And indeede , he was an honest morall man . Opportunitie gave me occasion sufficient to register the passages of those times happening in that Citie . The first accident famous for memory in this terminie was in the yeare 1634. on Friday the 20. of Iune , in blowing up the Cassaba or house of Councell , and chiefe foretresse of that Citty . Nature if it once degenerates growes more monstrous and extreame then dispositions borne to cruelties ; many yeares past the Turkes upon surmises of Treason plotted against them by the Collolies , their owne children , for so are they by them called , banished all such of them as were of the Councell , as by denomination Bulla Bashees and Odds Bashees , and performed it with no little subtletie . No word passed in the Citie of these suppositions , nor had the Collolyes any thought that their so secret plots had beene the Turkes intelligences , who knowing the danger neglected , no time to remedy so great a threatned mischiefe ; all rested private , untill the first Duanna day , or day of great councell ; when 60. of the primest of them were banished ; strange that the Colloly should not know his guilt , and more strange it is that the Turkes should banish a faction more powerful then themselves in number , in friends , and in estates , and equall dignities , all speaking one language ; yet the banished departed at the Turkes pleasure , without demanding the cause and knowledge of their offence . The pollitique Turke ordained the place no further then Bugea the next port towne to the Orient , but with two Commissions given the Captaines , to whose charge they were committed , and appointed to open one after the other . Wherein they were commanded to transport them to Tunnis , a City absolute . Vntill the next Councell day , all rested without clamour , and now 200. more of them are banished . The Bellages , Citizens and Natives Murmured , but dare not make complaints of their griefes . They neglected their accustomary course of trade . The Turkes by Proclamation commanded all men to open their shoppes , buy and sell , and not to have any missupposition of their intente or doings , past or to come , betwixt them and their children as being differences among themselves , also giving hopes to the banished in short time to be recalled to Argiere , and raise them to their former dignities . The third great Duanna or Councell day was banished 500. more of them , without any insurrection or stirre made by the Collolyes ; and in fine on the fift day all the rest , consisting of 1574. men , chiefest in the Citie for esteeme ; in that they were descended from the ancient Turkes , which conquered that country , and in substance the richest hope is of that noble and couragions facultie that it commonly brings more then it carries away . No advertisement all this time came to Argiere of the banished transportation from one port to another , nor their friends any way suspecting them to be so farre banished as Tunnis . But time the mother of all truth untaught the Collolyes errour , and now by the experience of many yeares see themselves frustrate of all hopes to returne in a faire way to that terrene paradise . They now combinde with difficultie to possesse themselves of that citie , which once they being possessed of , might facily make retention . 60. of them , of a more undaunted resolutiō then the rest vowed to surprise the Cassaba , prime fortresse of the Citie ; the stratagem to affect it was thus : They went thither in womens apparell , wearing long Mantles to the ground , and their faces covered as is the fashion of that country , and having Cemitaries , coyertly entered the Cassaba , crying Sherillah or demanding Justice ; the day was Friday , and the time the morning . A great advantage to the Collolyes : for it being the Turkes Sunday , most of them that kept the sald Cassaba were in the Citie visiting their friends ; in briefe , some one way , and some another : besides it was the 15. day when the Bashaw makes a feast to the whole Duanna . In this manner 23. of the Collolyes enters this Cassaba , the other 37. of the confederacy not present ; the Turkish Bulla bassawes which carelesly kept the gate , not thinking them to be other then women , the Collolyes now to imbrace their opportunitie , draw their Curlesses , kills all they finde in the Cassaba , shuts the gate , and for a while are masters of this sumptuous Fortresse , and now displayes their Banners upon the walls : which suddaine revolt comming to be the intelligence of the Aga , Generall of the Souldiers , and Bashaw , vice King under the great Turke ; Yet not informed who they were that had surprised their Cassaba , some conjectured them to be the Cookoose , whose mother and sonne to that King was then prisoner in that Cassaba . The jealous Turke makes Proclamation upon paine of death every Collolye to keepe his house , nor any more Allarbyes or Tagarens , subjected people , to take Armes or weare a knife ; so poasted to the Cassaba , and found them to be Collolyes , men polliticke in warre , powerfull in faction , as being thousands of them unbanished , which never had borne office , having also the Allarbyes and Tagarens to their devotion , all supposed enemies to the Turke , who now give the assault . The Collolyes defended from six of the clocke in the morning to ten , at which time usually on all their Churches on Sundayes is hoysted up that ragge of Mahomet , a geene Flagge . The Turkes offered them pardon , and the restauration of their goods detained from them , they deny all composition , and resolve not onely to defend what they had gotten , as their owne patria , but to get more if they could . The Turke now impatient , and well knowing the ensuing danger , if they made not some speedy way before night ; assuring themselves , that all that were weary of their governement , malecontents and others , then would stirre ; and themselves doubtfull of one anothers Loyalties , resolved to make Otote , Obote ; something or nothing : They bring Scales to the walls and enter . The defendants seeing themselves desperated , and unable to make any longer resistance , fired 20000. Quentalls of powder , blew a piece of Ordinance out of the Castle to the Fishgate , a mile in length spoyled many houses and had destroyed the whole citie , but that this Cassaba is seated upon a stupendious mountaine , and the Citie lying all downe right under it , and the nature of pouder to evaporate into a regular elevation , the Skie was darkened with smoak & dust , and nothing heard but clamours in the streets ( as if the day of generall account had beene then ) Had those ignoble spirits , that lived in worse Ignominy then the Iewes , but stirred , they might without an aking finger have extirpated the glory of the Turke there , and honoured themselves with the Lordly command of the most flourishing City of Africa , 6000. soules perished by that blow , but of the Collolyes hee onely that fired the powder , 22. of them being taken alive were most cruelly tortured , some were crucified , others having their bones broken , were drawled along the streets at horse tailes , others had their shoulders stab'd with knives , and burning Torches set in them dropping downe into their wounds ; The Turkes biting of their flesh alive , so dyed , and some of them being walled in were starved to death . A guiltie conscience projects terrible things . What perplexitie the other Collolyes of the Citie were in I neede not recount . All censured them dead persons , but the councell disagreeing in themselves , their fortunes were better then their deserts . The Turkes now will not permit the Souldiers marriages , and by that meanes extinct so monstrous a Liniage : some of the counsell in detestation of that Race offered to kill their owne children , upon condition all others to doe the like , but others in the surplassage of their loves , countermanded that bloody Decree and unnaturall Acts ; onely inqiusition was made for certaine women which had given entertainement to those Collolyes and were condemned to be all throwne into the Sea ; but being packed from one place to another and not to bee found , at last was published a revocation of the sentence of their deaths , and they escaped and enjoyed their ancient priviledges . These combustions , soone came Solicitours to the King of Cokoose , who takes present occasion to lay siege to a Castle which the Algiers kept to his great annoyance in that countrey , as speedily came newes to the Algiers of the Castles besieging , who were then studious to fetch off 200. of their Souldiers in Garison there , and also ceremonious to conserve their honour , sent for both a Hamper or generall Army , consisting of 5000. foot Turks , and 3000. Swayv●s horsemen : The King of Cokoose , Semper idem , continued the siege , contayning his Forces within the mountaines , whereon is situated the Castle , the Turkes then according to their old custome trusted more to policie than valour . They knew well the danger to assault the enemy at such an advantage , and therefore propounded termes of peace , and fortune helped them , the Turkes were licenced to depart the Castle with honour , and the Army returned to Argiere in peace , and were received joyfully . In August next they enlarged the Prince of that countrey , giving him amongst other presents , a Spanish Christian woman , whom according to the custome of that religion he tooke to wife , and the Queene , mother of that King , and Grandam to the Prince , which also was a runagate of the Spanish nation , and had beene long prisoner in Argiere , They set at libertie . In Iuly 1635. there arrived Mounsieur de Sampson , French Embassadour in a Polacta of Mercellis , with his Kings Flagge aloft bravely . This gallant comes ashore , with his retinue consisting of other Messers visited the Councell and King , his action was stately , The Agga or Generall called a Counsell , sends a Chewse or Sergeant for the Embassadour , who came before them , they demanded his Embassage ; he answered he was sent by his King to demand his Majesties Subjects , by vertue of that interchangeable league mutually conserved betwixt his Majesty and their Emperour , they answered they knew none to command them in their governement . And if his King had sent him to treate for the enlargement of those French which upon just occasion they detayned , or for such slaves as were of that nation , he should have the sole reference unto them . 347. Free French men were then in Argiere , being all taken without fighting , and therefore unsold . But in farre worse condition than those that were , 400. Turkes and Moores were in the Mercillian Galleyes , which Mounsieur offered to exchange for his freemen and the slaves , which were 600. more , which they refused ; but offered Mounsieur the slaves for the price they were sold for in the Market , referring the freemen to the dispose of the Bashawes . Mounsieur now treats with the Bashawe ; Hee demands ten peeces of eight per head for them , Mounsieur stormes ( as I thinke he had good cause to doe ) having promised his King miracles in the accommodation of the French affaires . He demands a second conference , and it is granted him , the slaves are offerd him for the monies they cost in the Market , but the freemen raised to 20. peeces of eight per head ; Mounsieur according to the French fury boyles and illustrates the puissance of his King , Fire and Towe meets together , the Turkes furie is as much as the French chollor , and he is now more affronted ; the Slaves are now become importunate , vexing Mounsieur as the poore widdow did the unrighteous Judge , but his answer to them was Imperiall , hee had brought no moneys for them . The freemen doe now sollicite his propence affection , and implored his Christian care of their estats , they offer to pay the said 20. peeces of eight per head with interest , and the principallest of them , to come in band for satisfaction and securitie ; and in summe , every person to give perticular band to those which had so oblieged themselves . Sure it was most piteous to see how many sufficient men of that Nation were put to most vile services , where at if they had beene sold , many had meanes to have given for their infranchisment , which upon these differences were detained , and most of them unable to comport with such barbarous indurances , miserably perished . Mounsieur demands a third conference , and is admitted , he demands an absolute answer , for that he meant in all hast to bee gone ; the Slaves are offered him upon the former termes , but the freemen now exhausted to 30. peeces of eight per head , Mounsieur departs without any further treatie : the Counsell sends to him to take in his Flag ; hee bids them doe it ; they take his Sailes from the Yard , and Ruther , all which they carry into their Magazine , and with a Branos anissetim leaves him his Flag . Mounsieur demanded licence to depart , they denie him , and having detained him foure moneths after , and cost him some peeces of eight , he is licenced and departs : the poore French having made songs of freedome , and extolled the glory of their grand Chevellier to the skies , are now lest to condole and to new make their forward reckonings , whiles they are derided of all nations , and the Turkes adding Mulct unto them . No man can promise to himselfe an immutable condition , it is two yeares and a halfe since I fell from my Runagatha to Mahomet Agga , a man of the Armenian nation , and heheae now dead without wife , or child , whereby I am slave to Vsuph Basshaw , being February the 16. 1637. and the 13. of Iune with other slaves of his was imbarked on the Galley of Norilla Bay , at midnight as the custome is after the booke was made , we lanched from Argiere , the 16. dicto neare Colla ; The Turke having eight Gallies , met with six of the great Duke of Tuscans Gallies , who at first made an Italian bravada , but in fine , with Saylers and Oars ran away . The Turke now proud that the Argiere Gallies , had chased away the best Gallies of all the Christians , in the height of their spirits , they rounded both Ilands of Sardena , and Corceoa , taking many Towers upon each of them , burning and taking Pollaceas , Saitease , and other Navigation : and now the second time met with the Dukes Galleyes , who would not indure the sight of them ; the Turke pursuing his resolution 19. dayes after our departure from Argiere , tooke a Towne in the Bay of Geneva , where besides rich spoyles they brought from thence 365. persons , and in their returne burned a Flushener , being a brave new shippe , having 18. peeces of Ordnance , loaden with Challery Cheese : and being now in their returne , met the third time with those Legorne Gallies , and chased them , but could not fetch them . In fine this voyage ended in 28. dayes , when they returned in safetie to Argiere with no little riches , glory and applause of the people : and now is come a new Bashaw to that City , and as custome is , the old must packe and be gone . Hee put off all his English , French , and Dutch to Ally Pichellin generall of Argiere , a great man in substance , having besides his Lands and other riches 800. Christians slaves ; and a great Tirant . He respected no man above another , and in truth we were all exquisitely miserable that were his slaves . The 23. of August , Anno 1637. we were re-inbarked on the Galley of Norilla bay : And the first of September they tooke Colpe in Spaine , a little towne eight leagues to the orient of Allicants ; they landed when first Aurora gave her light , and continued the fight till one or two of the clocke in the afternoone , besides the spoiles , they brought from thence 315. Christians ; the women and children the next day they sent upon a Galley for Argiere , but put all the men to the Oare ; the third dicto they tooke the towne of Cape Paul , which resisted from morning till foure a clocke in the afternoone ; in all which time neither there nor at Cape appeared one man either for resistance , or intelligence : they harrowed the Castle , tooke all the Towers to the Castle of Guardell mare , and so westward , till they came to Titewone in Barbary , where the generall tooke in sixty thousand peeces of eight for his accompt proper . And after they returned for the cost of Spaine , as a terrour , and had done much more damage to the Spaniard , but they were twice prevented by English Shippes , they returned for Calpe , and gave Scala Franca to the Spaniards , who visits their forlorne friends , and the unhappy men made spectators of that place where they received their disaster . In summe , good quarter was performed to them , when at the fine of 30. dayes returned to Argiere with acclamations of joy of the inhabatants , all the house tops being covered with women crying Allaluah , Allaluah , with salutation of Canons and generall rejoycing of the people : it was now October , and we hoped that yeares toyle was past , for so hath beene their custome to repose the winter ; I meane from Galley navigations , & to the slaves advantage , for although they worke hard all day on land yet they rest at night , and injoy their fills of water ( which is precious in the Gallies ) but what is not too little for the unsatiable gulfe fo unhumaine desires . Ally the Generall would ingrosse the whole world to himselfe , plus habeo , plus careo . Another voyage must be made this yeare , and was with six Gallies , but ended in the expence , of what they had formerly gotten , their best fortune was , they safely returned to their homes : two Gallies were detained in the port to cary Souldiers to the orient garisons , and my lot fell to goe upon one of them ; and now preferd , began the worst condition of Gally Slaves : our furthest port was but 100. Leagues , to Boma ; a goodly Moores Citie , and famous countrey , I meane for its fertilitie as aboundant in all necessaries for the life of man , and I say famous , in that being a City where Saint Augustine was borne , from whence 129. Souldiers were to goe for Constantina , founded by Constantine the Great , our Countrey man , and first Christian Emperour ; in which City are yet so many apparent footsteps of Christianitie , over whose walls and gates are so many verses , written both in Greeke and Latine of excellent esteeme , for rare antiquities , many whereof were sent me by Runagathars , which went thither of my acquaintance , but my escape hath left them , and that happily in Argiere , as never meaning to returne for their acclamation ; being glad I have so escaped : suddaine and unexpected events are those that cause most admiration . Mounsieur de Ma●●ie , French generall is now at Sea with 15. of his Kings shippes , and commission to infranchise the French Slaves , yet it seemes the god Neptune was wrath with them , for with a storme at Sea , their Fleete was seperated , and most of them forced to returne for Mercelles . Having spent their Masts , and received other misfortunes ; yet all Commissioned if accident should seperate them , Argiere Road should be their randevoos : 400. Turkes and Moores they brought with them to exchange for their French ; very confusedly arrived some of them to the Port. First two sayle , one of 36. peeces of Ordnance , whereof Bro●●noy of Rochell was Captaine , and another of 28. peeces of Ordnance , good quarter was offered them by the Algiers : Gromnoys Purcer comes ashore , without a hostage , professing a visit to the French Councell : at the instant was in the Road , and ready to depart two ships of Argiere , the one of 40. and the other of 28. peeces of Ordnance , both bound for Alexandrea in AEgypt , and well knowne to Forans Purcer ; two such shippes never went out before from Argiere , for besides the excessive Riches of their loading , and passingers of greatest wealth of that Citie , bound in pilgrimage to the solemnities of the Meco , one shippe of them had knowne in her above three hundred thousand Soltanies in Gold , each Soltanie worth their seven shilling English , the Purcer returnes to his shippes , who were both riding without Command , the Councell sends the Trugman to have them come in , or depart their Road , to which they presently obeyed ; nor can I give them any terme of better grace ; they stand to the West , and within an hower after weighes the Turkes , who since have ended their voyage continently , and returned to Argiere with great riches . Three dayes after being the 11. of October arrived that noble Captaine , and glory of the French nation , Mounsieur de Mautie in a goodly shippe of 58. peeces of Brasse Ordnance alone , and anchored without command . The Duana or Councell sends to know what he came for , hee answered to demand his Kings subjects , which they dislegally detained ; with answer returned , the Turkes resends their Trugman , commanding Mounsieur presently to depart , or come under command , other wayes hee should know more from them . Captaines were convocated , and the Duana determined Abdera Manrine , of the Moores nation , a right valiant , and expert Seaman , should be presently armed to goe forth and fetch him in : but Monnsieur weighed , put out his bloody Flagge and departed . The 13. dicto came in another of the same Fleete , and put out a white Flagge , using many other signes to parlie , but in the night went out two Gallies , whereupon the French distrusting the worst , let slip her Cable and Anchor ; and was the next day weighed by the Turke , & carried to their Magazine , which saved them a labour . Ill newes hath wings , it s now the 18. dicto , when advertisement comes to Argiere of the taking Asatiea of Ally the Generals , and they make it the common cause , alledging the French met with her upon the coast of Barbary . A goodly prize she had beene , for in her , besides rich loading , was in ready Cashe 70000. peeces of Eight . The whole inhabitants now boyles , the French Councell is sent for , and without any litigation of his cause is by the great Duana or Councell adjudged to be burnt at Babelwach gate . Also Iacus Santo , that paid the rents of the Bastione condemned to bee hanged at Babashon , usuall places of Christians martirdome ; 18. thousand peeces of Eight a yeare payd the sayd Sancto to them ; A man which formerly had swayed , a person of great experience in the Countrey , and well studied in the Art Machivell , and much hated by the poore French Captives as a perturber to their infranchisments . In fine , no rod is so fit for a mischievous man as his owne , through ●mour of death , they both would have turned Turkes , but not permitted nor could any thing asswage the fury of the Duana , but their deaths ; yet some gave the word , that if they would dye Turkes , they should be permitted , and that for the saving of their soules . Ally the Generall , for so is this gallant called , powerfull in the City , and the Turkes glory , interceded for them , giving many pertinent , and powerfull reasons for their remission . The damage sayd he that is done is to me , as being sole owner of the said vessell , and her essentialls , for which I desire no revenge for my owne perticular : but as I am yours , and all I have obliged to this City , if your honours thinke it requisite to revenge the affront done us , by this late Generall which with one onely shippe outbraved us in our most happy and invinceable Port , famous for vertue , and Ianezaries , whose valour hath shaken , and beene a terrour unto the mes-beleevers of all Nazarine Nations , more then 100. yeares . I have a just propention and am most prompt to adventure my life and substance in this most noble Cities quarrell , and that the time of the yeare is now improper to invade any of the French territories . I esteeme it most convenient there be presently armed six Saile of Gallies , for the surprising of the Bastione , to make a spoyle of what they finde there , as well of people as others , which will be sufficient satisfaction to us for the present , and a reall demonstration to that Traleuian nation , how little we esteemed them . This oration highly esteemed was received as an Oracle , & the Duana commands the expedition of the Gallies , who in two dayes were provided , and the 19. of December at noone , without making booke , thy rowed from Argiere , and in three dayes arived at the Bastwin ; no sooner Anchored , but Mounsieur the Governour with other Messuers comes aboard to kisse the hand of Ally the Generall : in fine many Madmoyssells , and the people there were curious to see so great a man ; the visit and complement ended , the Governour began to take leave of the Generall , who now demands entertainement in the Bastione : Mounsieur promises no man more welcommer , they goe on land together ; but instantly followed such a crew of Turkes as they presently became masters of the Bastione . Mounsieur that had Ciceroes eares , diffident of the event , of so unusuall a change , shifts himselfe from the Generall , takes Horse , and happily recovered to Barko , a Castle of the Ienewayes , and escaped captivitie , 312. were then captivated with 120. thousand peeces of eight in ready monies , 400. Hogsheads of wine was there staved , the lose redowning to the French more then 100. thousand pounds sterling besides the benefit which they made by the Scale of 100. thousand Ductets a yeare declared , and so much for the French affaires with Argiere . Servility and bondage to an ingenious spirit is worse then death , which is common to all , this to the miserable . The danger of the Seas now keepes the Turkes at home , and wee Gally slaves not to be idle , are set to hayling the Cart in lew of Horses , some to sell water , to chop the Vineyard , and others to builde houses : in the interim I am devising some course of way to effect my libertie : five of us combines together to take a Boate some two miles from the Towne which frequently loaded Ballast ; there having constantly but one Turke and two Christians Roars in her ; more Oares must be gotten , a Mast and Sayle , otherwise it had beene madnesse , and to plunge our selves into more mischiefe : in fine , foure Oares , a Mast and Saile , Boraches for water , Bread and Compasse was provided , but all the difficultie was to get them out . For a peece of Eight and halfe I got a French man native of Saint Mallo , who had a good Mule to carry all , hee and I loaded it , our act was just , but none of the wisest ; and the French man fit for the purpose , we went in company to the towne gate without question , but the ward overthrew the carriage , as too suspitious , and layd hands of the French man , who doubting nothing of the sufficiency of my warrant , having told him they were to be carried to my patrons Garden : in sum , I seeming all desperate whiles the French man was looking about for me to make answer , I left him , who could not accuse me , as neither knowing my name , my patron , nor where I dwelt . The poore man afterward with his partner , and a Roague mearely maintained to prevent the escape of Christians , sought me , but I kept house till the wonder was over , and was truly grieved for the detriment the poore man suffered by blowes , not any wayes worthy blame in me , as seeking my libertie ; the poore man afterwards divers times met mee , drew his knife and would have kil'd me , to which hee ever made deepe protestations with a great deale of French fury , which my English resolution cared not for ; it s not the ill event of an action that can disanimate a good Spirit , the weake faint with every succeeding trouble , but the good heart recollects a double courage : In affliction we were afterwards more jolly company , being 13. and all English , who did joyne and make a Purse of 60. peeces of eight ; our desire was to build a Boate , my selfe the man elected to provide all necessaries , and made sole treasurer . My first inquisition was for a convenient Garden , and such a one as was manured by English men ; a very commodious one was found , 27. Deale boards I bought , and had them sawed and carried forth , our Vessell flowred , pitched and chalked ; when within two nights wee should have beene all ready to depart , unfortunately one of our Carpenters discovered himselfe by carrying his Rule open in his hand , when comming without the gate , he thrust it up under his Doublet , was espyed by a Moore , who gave advice to Dell Ishaw the Spie , who with his company tracked him into the Garden , the subtle Roague taking his best advantage hid himselfe untill the evening , and then came upon us naked , hee and his crew came armed , tooke six of us , and carried us to the Bashawes prison , where our patrons redeemed us paying 5. peeces of eight per head , three of my poore Countrey men were cruelly beaten , whereof one dyed , my patron then being Armenie Mahamet Agga bid me welcome without giving me one blow , but if it had beene Ally the Generall , I had lost my eares , and nose which is his custome . I was conscious to the calamities of my poore Countrey men , not that we could impute blame to one another , for I account every Christian oblieged to use all possible attempts for the effecting his libertie ; for a man doth not onely discover a pusilanimous heart , and indocible disposition in neglecting the least opportunitie , but also commit a sinne against God , who hath not given us wings to outflie our enemies , but reason to devise stratagems and hands to execute them . It is many yeares since Charles , the first Roman Emperour of famous memory assaulted that city where he received the losse of many of his Gallies , and his Army dissipated , and it s now the 27. of March 1638. when by a Diver was discovered much of the ruines of that Armado , and watched by the Algiers , the whole side of a Galley entire , and the Timber as new , besides three peeces of Brasse Ordnance , and five peeces of Place , all without hurt or bruise , to which I was an oculer witnesse . Ambition is ever in trouble , and findes no intermission of painefull throwes , untill it hath brought forth its abortive desires : my patron and master of 800. Christian slaves is devising more then usuall imployments , and such as caused great admiration amongst the people , and to adde to his greater fame ; he sends for the most esteemed and best Architects of those countries , and commences most rare and sumptuous architectures , or edifices for the lodging of Souldiers , the thought of which caused a languishing dejection in all of us his slaves , as none of us exempted from those toyles which was to us an interminable vexation , ( onely the divine goodnesse that might prevent it ) neither was this our sole Mulct , but greater was our castigation in being subject to so many Masters ; as Builders , Gardiners , all spectators were our Commanders , and we oblieged to obey . Lord what passions were in us miserable wretches , what with the impertinencie of our detectores , and our assidious labours , as is no marvell that all things seeme offensive to a crased body : Maledictions wanted not to countermaund the period of those Fabrickes ; its time and truth that conquers , what the future of it may bee , is beyond my thoughts to determine : in a vast and confused manner wee left it when we were imbarqued on the Gallies , the ninth of May , 1638. and the eleventh , lanched from Argiere for that presupposed golden voyage , for that now Ally had promised to doe wonders . Prosperitie begets pride , and pride goes before destruction ; combination was timely made the last winter with the Algiers , and Tunessians for the uniting of their Sea Forts , and for what end , but for the performance of some great exploit , eight Gallies of the one , and as many more of the others were prepared , and armed . Who should bee Generall Commander was not questioned ; as who would oppose Ally of Argiere , for greatnesse renowned in all Africa : not onely Turkes presumed to doe wonders , but also the Christians feared it ; the one presuming on their strength , proudly boasted , they feared not all the Gallies of the Messen nations : In summe , Iewes and all made account the whole Orient of the Mediterranian Castle of Christendome should by this Fleete be destroyed , and the common Merchants of Christian slaves , prepared monies to buy , as if so many Slaves had beene ready then in the Markets to be sold . But to the purpose , Tunnis being in the way , the Algiers consent to goe thither and so much the timelier , because Ally would show himselfe in every Port by the way ; the Alerbes flocke from all parts to him and hee being ambitious takes no little pride ▪ and glory in it . On the fourth of Iune wee came to Besert , but the Tunnis Gallies were gone from thence three dayes before with Ordnance and other munition to fortefie Susea . Alley , too great to enter the gates of this inferior Towne , was welcomed by the Senators or Councell without the wall , where he tooke Horse and poasted for Tunnis , whose King and whole Duana meets him upon the way , which was a great addition to his arrogance , and received him into Tunnis a goodly Citie , and was smmptuously entertained and feasted ; the inhabitants thought themselves honored that might have the sight of his person and to raise his glory to the height he is made by the Councell Generall of the whole Navie , and authorised to goe whether he pleased . The Tunnis Captaines all oblieged to his command none mollopolised against him ; Ally sent for his Fleete to Tunnis or the Galletta otherwise the ruines of Carthage : we must not be seene there but in the morning , and that with Flagges , Standards and Streamers waving , command was given to the Slaves to row proudly , which is with a long stroake one in halfe a quarter of an houre ; the action , their heads bowed to the Oares Geroone , their fall with a caper , a princely sport to the spectators , and most royall of navigations , but the most vile of all slaveries to the subjected ; Presents came from the Citie to the Gallies , white bread was not valued , there came such abundance that it fell to the Slaves Pallat , wee having beene there seven dayes most welcome to the Tunnessians . The Tunnies Gallies were arived , who were no sooner discryed , but the Algiers waighes to use the complement of meeting ; and then he was the bravest Gallant that could show most Silke : And certainly their standards were ( for their worth and curiositie of rare verses written in them in Letters of Gold in the Turkish language ) to bee admired . They gave each other their valleyes of small shot and their Ordnance , and so ended their salutation . Their thoughts travelled within them as a woman-in labour , who findes no rest till she be delivered . And they to hasten their designes went to Porta ferinea to tallow , and with all celeritie set forward for the Christian shore . The first ship we met withall was the Love of London , neare the I le of Pautallereia , shee was a goodly shippe and the weather faire , but the Turke had nothing to say to her , wee were next in chase of five Christian Gallies who nimbly got from us : In the morning we arrived at Strombello , where we put ashore a Frigat of Naples , the men all ranashore , three of them whether wilfully or otherwise I know not , but were devoured by those afrighting fiers perpetually burning , able to invoke remorse in the most Flagitious and obdurate hearts , the noyse being like the roarings of Hell . The others advised the Turkes that those Gallies which they had chased were of the Citie of Naples : and not onely so , but which is most to be lamented to see how voluntary Christians are to discover the greatest secrets though to the ruine of their owne countries , for what places hath the Turke taken but by the information of spies , natives of those places , who casting off grace , after their information receive rewards and turne Turke , and are instruments to ruinate their whole posteritie . I have knowne three that have Pilated the Turke to the place where they were borne , and beene instruments in the captivating of their owne fathers and mothers and all their Lineage , taking their parts of the price for which their Parents were sold for in the Market , which served them for spending money , on whores , in Tavernes , and for worse vices . These Neapolitanes advised the Turkes of two Gallies of that Citie , loaden with Silkes ▪ whose Cargassoones were of excessive value , and bound for Ienemay , and must passe that way and that within three dayes , but God turned that counsell to foolishnesse , for had they attended the time they could not have missed them . Ocootr● , a Citie in Galabria , and in the kingdome Naples was next aimed at as a place of riches , and in it esteemed 3000. people at mid day ; having stroke downe their Masts , they Boaged for that place , yet made such delayes as that they came not thither till faire day , but landed boldly ; the people that could , did runne away ; the Turkes tooke the Citie and rifled it , and brought away 115. persons , one whereof was the Bishop of that place , and 15. Nunnes , the chiefe of which was Cosen German to the Prince of Rochella , the other were impotent and aged people : then was the whole Coast in an uproare , and as we were passing by , they let flye their Ordnance at randome , but the Turke to amplifie his glory to the ignominie and reproaches of the Italian , passed through the vally of Messena , that City thundered but to little purpose , onely to shew the Turke what they could doe if they were neerer ; the bold Turke landed upon the maine , and set on fire their houses , burnt fisher boates , passage boates , horses , and travellers , provision , without feare , haryed all the Coasts , killing beeves , and other Cattle , and setting whole fields of corne on fire and committing many other outrages , to the great dammage of the Country : insomuch , as it was disliked by some Turkes themselves , and being now come to Rochella , they met with a Neapolitane ship of 20 gunnes , and having discharged 3. of them , they took his , and afterward set fire on her , and then being insolent were ready to attempt any thing , their prosperity made them mad . Mallapane a Renegado of the Greeke Nation , who runne away with a Gally of the great Turkes , which he sould in Tunnis , for 26000. peeces of eight , informed them of a Citie lately sunke : wherein of many thousand Soules which perished by that disaster , there onely remained about 400 persons possessing great riches , living in cottages errected for their present necessities ; his information was most joyfully received , and the projector not a little proud to be the Instrument of so great a benefit . The attempt was prosecuted , and at midnight 1500 Turkes Landed to captivate and spoyle those imagined more than distracted and forlorne people : Malapane was generall conductour and he brought them to the Citie , which the day shewed them to be standing , and sumptuous , who sent them such Orators , as made them use more haste backe than good speede . This City was well knowne to Allie Captaine Bashaw , who with 80. Gallies , and a power on Land , battered it 3. dayes and returned with shame , it is called Cotroone , and lyes within 6. leagues of Cape , St. Maries , the entring in of the Gulfe of Venice . Thus was Italy the eye of Christendome infestred by these Rovers . The Levant wind being high caused them to continue ●kale there for 7. dayes space within a league of that City , in which time the Turke foreaged the Country , tooke many of the inhabitants that lived in villages , and remote houses , their Galleyes heads all day on Land and they cutting wood , making water , and dressing pillow a chiefe dish , pleasing their pallats : no Native appeared in all this time for resistance , therefore by imagination they Reigned Kings , the wind calming withall celeritie they advance , for their great explot : but he that with his incomprehensible eye seeth the actions and discerneth the intentions of all men , disposing things according to his Divine Will , as celeriously sends an obsticle to perturbe their way . Such a Levant wind as for securitie they were forced to returne to their former place of Randevous . The next intermission of such huge and unwonted gusts , they againe set forward , when not having rowed foure leagues , were repulsed by the like occasion ; no sooner re-ankared , but that furious Element , converts it selfe to calme mildnesse , and now the third time attempts the accomplishment of their high Ambition , and are repulsed , had they not beene more insensate than errationalls , they could not but have repaired to the consideration from whence their so often countermand proceeded : in summe , God reserving them for a greater castigation , calmes the wind , and they joyously advances , and now got Cape S. Maries , the most orientalist part of Italy , and not to be discovered , strikes the Gallies Maste into the Cushea , or downeupon the Decke , and each rowes who shall be the formaste , to arrive to that middle Island in the Gulf of Venice , or as the Italian calls it Ill Isella de Methia , the 3000. Christians promised them by the spie , a man of more than sixtie yeares of Age , and one that had lived a Christian in a Captives estate , 37. yeares , this great bootie is now in an attained aggetation , stately Catria , a Citie in Sclavonia , occulerly presents her selfe unto them , the bagge or stroke of the Oare is reinforced to no little ditrament of the poore Christians ; the All-sufficient God conscious to their indurances , commands the wind to Countermand the inexorable cruelties of their oppressors , by whose furie the Turke is desperated of better fortunes , nor had any of them the least hope but to have perished in that tempest : the Turke ignorant of the coast in this extasie , implors the knowledge of some Christian , to whom the danger of death was alike equall , and obtained , all consenting for the preservation of so many Christians lives , they harboured them in the port of Vollonia in the Duchie of Albaine , but man that is not so sencible of the perfects health , as of the least sickenesse , so no sooner was this dangerover , having recollected good tackling , with other necessaries , they reconsulted whether to goe ; all of them deepely protesting never to returne to Argere without sufficient purchase , answerable to so many difficulties endurances , & so great an adventure , their first project ever approved the best , for that in that Island there were at least 300. Christians ; beside rich pillage and no difficultie in taking it , as being unfortified , yet others contrary opinioned , opposed , alleaged the danger of the sea , which for a time caused a demurre in some of them ; yet concluded that when that should faile , they would fall upon some Greeke Towne , which lived under the Great Turkes obedience , and let his greatnesse take it how he would , they cared not , Sollymon Agga governor of the Country , advertised Allie the Generall the neernesse of Corfue , and of 2 Gallie asses , and 20. Gallies alwayes kept there by the state of Venice to deffend their seas , who without all question , would soone come to have intelligence of their being there , but Allie bravely replies , not to care for all the Gallies of Venice much lesse for those in Corffue ▪ Mahomet Bey a man better considerate and Captaine of the Tunise Gallies , with other Captaines of both Cities intreates him to get some other Port for better securitie , but all Councell , the purchaser of goodnesse is contemned by him , newes is at Corffue of these Gallants being in Vollonia . Marino Capella Proveditore or generall of the Armatha , withall religious care uses more than ordinary expedition , for the Arming his Navie ; in a day and a night they are provided and ready , and Saturday morning , Iune 8. arrives in that Port with his whole Armatha : the Turkish Gallies then at skale , their powers upon the Land ; this Vollonia is a great Bay of 5 Leagues deepe or long , Land lockt on both sides , it hath in the plaine a great Castle and well fortified , and in it a great number of excellent brasse Ordnance ; upon the hill or mountaine of exceeding great height is another Castle over-seeing a great part of the Country , and farre discovering at Sea ; which Castle discovering the Venetian Navie , shot a warning peece , the word now forratendo , for we had then our tents up to keepe us from the weather , which then rained , thundred , and lightned in most terrible manner , it is now time the Turke looke about himselfe , they let slip their Cables , and roade under the great Castle , there being in sight those that before they cared not for now feares them : it is too much to be a speaker and a dooer , the deepest waters are the least heard , whereas the shallowest makes the greatest noyse ; the Turke is now consulting for best order of defence , and by generall consent brings their poopes to the shoare , and their prowes to the Sea , their Gallies lashed one to another , only leaving distance for the slaves to use their Oares , for the Gallies order ; the fowle weather and abundance of raine made the Venetian all improper to give an assault that day . Sunday morning after the performances , and rites of Christianity , they put abroad their flagges , and standard , and with drummes and trumpets , advances in the front where the two Gallyasses thundering with their Artillerie , before the smaller Gallies Ordnance could doe execution . Allie the Generall now solicits the verteous Mustapha Captaine of the Castell to defend his Navie and people from the violence of the Naizerian misbeleevers , which with store of peeces of eight hee effected , as the French Proverbe sayes , silver answers to all ; it is so powerfull a prevailer with that Nation of the Turke , that giving them money with one hand , they may put out their eyes with the other ; powder and Gunners are sent into the Castle , which is not a trivial one but containes an English mile in curcumference : in sum , it is a place strong both by Art & Nature , having in it more than 150 peeces of brasse Ordnance ; the best that ever I saw . Mustapha , the Captaine now displayes the Horse Taile , or royall insigne of the great Turke , and stoutly defends the Barbariscos partie , the fight is hot on both sides , and in spight of the Castle , had the Venetian continued it but halfe an houre longer the Barbariscoes had all lept into the Sea , and left their Gallies and 4500. Christians captives to their vertue , but as to the unfortunate there never wants succeeding troubles ; in the interim this disaster befell us , one of the Captaines of the Gallyasses lost his arme , upon which she retired , dissention falling betwixt the Venetians , the major part of the Captaines commanded a retreate , contrary to the will of that noble Generall Marine Capella , who for his worth and valour may be ranked amongst the greatest Captaines of those times . Thus ended that fight which had continued neare three houres to the glory of the Turke for that present , who for joy gave their feesses or out cries , Alla , Alla , Mahomet , and Rosallah , which is God , God , alone ; and Mahamet his prophet thundering with their great Ordnance and vallies of small shot , in derision of the Christian vertue , whiles the Venetian retired to their place of first ankoring ; Immediatly sent a Gally for Venice to advise the Serinissimo Prince and illusterous Sinate , what accurred ; Demanding their future pleasures concerning those Turkish Pirates : there 's many Snake lies hid under Stawbury leaves for all this great flash of the Turkish glory ; they are yet timerous what the event will be , and to prevent the worst , the same night they difinbarqued all their Christians , carries them a mile into the countrey , and erected Tents in the field for their randavowes , being all well coupled tenne and tenne together in chaines , they also makes a Trench opposite to their Gallies to play the brave fellowes in , and having beene blocked up by the Venetians neare a moneth growes weary and distastefull of such command ● in summe the one and the other having their especialls of each others condition ; the Turke is informed the Venetian to be very slenderly manned , as not having one Gally with another above fortie , some but thirtie Souldiers , which indeed was true : the Turkes are now ashamed , and blames somes cowardlinesse , and withall haste tallowes and prepares their Gallies which are soone accommodated , but before a supply of Souldiers is come to the Venetians from Corffue , but without the Turkes knowledge they now call a councell and concludes to send Mustapha Captaine of the Castle to treate with the Venetian Generall , and under that pretence to spy out and discover their Forces . Mustapha goes to them , parlies with Marine Cappella , and according to their wonted custome , falls to dissimulation , exhibits Allies letter to that Generall ; demands by his permission and favour free passage , for that he came not thether prepensedly , but being bound for Constantinople to serve his Emperour was put into their Seas by extremetie of weather , and to authenticate it , exhibited to the Venetian Generall , the great Turkes letter , but Marine Capella Semper Idem , refuseth all treatie with them , and had good cause of incredulitie by good intelligencers . Mustapha returnes with this answer , that if they would come forth they should bee most welcome , and couragiously received , but to their owne perills ; and that if it fortuned they to carry him , he must have patience : but if it fortune he to carry them , as he hoped in the mercy of Jesus and the vertue of their patron S. Marke he should , they must have the like ; he also saw the Venetians well armed , and having delivered this answer to Ally hee is not a little perplexed ; the Venetian on their parts as vigellent as the Turke , had there especially some Turkes , others Albinesses , and Iewes of the countrey , by whom hee got daily information of the Turkes proceedings , excellently well playd on their parts ; they imployed Turkes averse in religion and condition to the Christians , who without suspition every day eate and dranke with the enemy : Consequently the better able to informe the Albinesses and Iewes they imployed to accuse the validitie or invaliditie of the Turkes , reports the Venetian conformable to good intelligence , ordereth his Armatha , the Gallyasses were placed where the Turkes must passe , if they attempted it ; and every night having their Frigats and Boats which came under the Castle walls , and to the very Prowes of the Gallies which so daunted the Turkes that they now utterly dissisted from their resolution of combate , and all amort are devising a new way to secure the Slaves , if the Venetian should land his Forces , and ayme to fetch them off by force : 500. of us were put into a Tower in the Castle ; all lying 10. and 10. in chaines , a place as darke as Pitch , and a foot thicke in dust , but it s now seven weekes since the arrivall of the Venetian Armatha in this Port , and their Gally sent to Venice for further order is returned , the Prince and Sinod authenticats Marine Capellas doings , that what his excellence should doe , should bee well done , nor does hee omit any time to illustrate his zeale to the divine majestie and valour to ruenate so many miscrante enemies to the faith of Christ : who as breake of day commences a second battaile with thundering off great Ordnance , and vallies of small Shot ; for although the Venetians carries not so many Souldiers in their Gallies as the Turke does , yet have they this advantage of them , that upon any occasion they arme their Bonavollies and condemned men , who upon promise of libertie or other reward will fight bravely ; the Turke leaves their Gallies and runnes into the Castle , Christians they force to be Gunners , the two Galliasses with 4. other smaller Gallies , batters that Castle whilest the others board the Turkish Gallies , lay their fasts to them , and roaes them away ; thus Nobly did the Venetian end this fight in lesse than an houre , to their glory and the infamie of the Barberiscos : great murmerings were now amongst the Turkes against Ally their Generall , who has no other way to escape their furie and revenge , but by open handed liberalitie , wherein he promised to relieve the Souldiers present necessitie : In summe his generositie is universall to the reliefe of that ruenated company , as well Christians as Turkes , and he promised the remuneration of all the Captaines , by refurnishing them with as many Gallies as they had lost . The hurleburly with these glorious proffers being over ; Ally now seekes all the coast , and recollects the greatest shot the Venetians had made against them , which he since presented to the great Turke , whom he intercedes for remuneration and revenge , urging a breach of peace , in that the Venetian surprised their Gallies in one of his Masters Ports . But three dayes after that fight he marched from Volloniea to Sellenico in Arcadia , leaving behind him onely fiftie eight Christians in great indisposition , whereof my selfe was one , so feeble as accounted a dead man ; but such is the goodnesse of God as indureth daily : It pleased the divine Majestie to keepe mee in a languishing sicknesse . I was three times recovered , and three times downe in relapse of a most violent Fever , but thankes bee unto God that hath not given me over as a prey to their teeth ; in 35. dayes after returned a Bullabash of Argiere , with order from our Patron or Master Ally , to carry us all for Arcadia , but the Bullabash returned thither onely with seventeene men , which were indifferently recovered , some being dead , and the rest very sicke , but God so provided for me , that I was consciously commisserated by the Bullabash● , who left mee to receive better fortune . Certaine Turkes were left with us a Guardians or Keepers , others to over-see those materialls belonging to the Gallies , landed before their surprisall , whereof the chiefe was Murate , by a Renegatha of the Corceca nation , a person of great honour in Argiere , Lievetenant Generall of the Armatha , a father in Law to Ally the Generall , a man of an hundred and foure yeares of age , whose desire was to die in the face of Christians fighting the battell of Mahomet ; three dayes after the Bullabashes departure dyed in Volloniea . God that had preserved us in so many inevitable dangers , did also restore some of us to more then an ordinary strength of body , from so great feeblenesse and such poore meanes for recovery : no sooner were wee able to stand upon our legges , but we are studious how to bring to passe our libertie ; foureteene of us being in reasonable strength resolves to give the attempt , yet some pusellanimous , base spirit proves a Traytor , informes the Guardion of our intentions , and not onely so , as being resolved to runne away , but also to kill him ; for his report we are all Castigated , and our case pittious . Command was given to the Souldiers of the Castle to looke vigilently unto us ; that death is better then so base a life , nor could this deter or disanimate us from our resolution to attaine libertie or death , no time so fit as the present , come what will come . All were in chaines , foure and foure except a Spaniard , the supposed deare friend of our Guardion , and my selfe dispencer of the house ; it fortuned our Guardion to goe to the next towne , called by them Deshera some mile off , in whose absence wee used such Art as we got all the rest out of chaines , and the Locks againe so put in , as to be taken out with our fingers ; in the evening returnes our Keeper , well fudled or well drunke , whereby no search was made to our Fetters that night : It being Saterday , the 22. of October 1638. betwixt twelve and one houres in the night we rose together , two rouses the ablest men amongst us , throw their Coates over their faces and would not goe : A Gersie man , and by trade a Cooper , was so drunke that he could not goe , but my griefe is for those poore soules , whose indisposition was such as they could not goe ; I was conscious to their pittious moanes but could not helpe them , what became of our Keeper I cannot tell , my consorts told me they had not done him any violence ; hee had good clothes and some peeces of eight , of which wee tooke not any with us , but left all , as a testimony of our generosities as to contemne all terrene materialls , preferring penurious libertie before Fetters of Gold : our provision was some bread , and we also carried a Boracha for water , and a double Rope , with which we scaled the Castle walls : In this manner wee departed , foure English men , one Welch man , a Gersie man , two French men , one Spaniard , one Majorcine , a Neopolitane , a Greeke , and a boy of Malta ; in our passing through the Castle , although it be full of houses and people , we heard onely the barking of a Dogge , and having gone neare two miles , took the shore side for our director . God that never failes those that trust in him , so provided for us , that we found two Boates , one of them having a Maste standing , her we imbraced , and sunke the other , to prevent their persuing after us ; and having rowed two nights and a day , wee recovered the I le of Corfue , and landed at a Monistary called Saint Catterines , where we were curteously received by the Greeke Fathers ; at noone wee rowed to the Monestery of Madone , where wee had intelligence of a Gally being some two miles from thence cutting wood , and that night to goe for the Citie of Corfue . The Captaine Illustricemo de Molimea entertained us with all courtesie received us into his Gally , and carried us for that Citie and presented us to the providitor of the Iland ; who after our examination not a little to his content , sent us to the generall Gally of Venice , where we had a supper and lodging that night , and the next day a Passe , and imbarcation for Venice : being now to render thankes unto the Lord who has done this great worke for me in delivering me from such an inextrecable labarinth of misery , blessed be God that hath broken that snare , and set my fecte in a large roome , not unto us O Lord , let unto thy name be the glory ; I am now in my way to Venice upon the Gally of Counterine ; the first skale we made was at Budway in Epire ; our second at Catriea , a sumptuous City in Sclavonia ; our third at Rogousea , famous for antiquitie and strength , being an absolute Sinurie , having many other Cities to her obedience , and in joying an ample patrimony , onely it s her misery to be tributary to the great Turke , to whom for dismollistation they pay yearely 40000. peeces of eight : our fourth ankering was at Lessena , our fift at Spellata , our sixt at Sabainica . a sweet Citie famous for her Port and invincible Castle in the Sea ; our seventh at Zara , a sumptuous and spacious Citie ; we are shortning our way and come to Saint Peters in Dalmathiea , and also passed other Cities not so remarkable as the rest , I doe therefore omit to nominate , at Polla in Istra wee met with the generall Gally of Argiere , and sometime the glory of Barbary , which with one more presented by the Venetians to the Pope are all that remaines of that 16. Gallies of the Turke , the rest being sunke in Corfue : wee are come to Ruena , a pretty Citie and most fertile Countrey , and from thence to Perenca , a Citie destroyed by the Popes excommunication : In summe with sight of other Cities I arrived in Venice , where I imbarked upon the great Charles of Bristoll , and having beene at Sefelenea and Zaunt , am in agetation to survive to see the naturall place of my habitation . Thus have I recorded a plenary memoriall of my seven yeares bondage , but not the severall accidents of my indurances , there wanting in me abilitie to devulge them , for as there is no calamitie can befall a man in this life which hath the least parallell to this of Captivitie , neither are the indurances of Captives equall , although the least without the divine assistance were insupportable ; yet are they all easie in Comparison to that of the Gallies which is most inhumane and diabollicall and such as doth rather , imperverse men then Repleate any good humour in them ; good fortune to mee is a singular mutive to modesty , and a forcible spurre to moderation ; prayers winne mee , menances reject me , favours relent mee , feares imperverseth me : alas , such are their ditraments , as causeth them to curse the day of their Nativities , and the parents that engendred them , and if it were to dye to curse God himselfe , I speake it with awfull timour : in their passions they renounce heaven , S. Peter , and all sanctitie ; in their agonies or discontents , they vessially spit against the wind , disputing whether God and Nature be conspired against them , when it is either calme or contrary ; for a drop of water they would pawne their soules , and often are constrained to drinke of the Salt Oceans ; their repast at best but bread and water , and for want of sleepe are in continuall extasies ; the strokes of the Oare is dollerous , and with its ausideousnesse many splits their hearts at it , in this miserie all things makes against themselves : the scorching heate now penetrates their brains , their flesh is burned off their backes , when anon they are as much pinched with cold : strong fetters are their neerest consorts from which they are never exempted , unlesse for equall miseries ; their repose , when they have any , is sitting , their pillow the banke up right , and that dubble , not having so much roome as to stretch their legges ; their sleepe when they have any is an houre in twelve , and that at night , when the one halfe Roaes and the other slumbers : a call of a Whisell awakes them all three hundred or more of them , their audiance and leape must be altogether ; the discpline take Oare in hand , the stroke regular and punctiall , their heads shaved unto the skull , their faces disvigured with disbarbing , their bodies all naked , onely a short linnen paire of breeches to cover their privities , they Mount and fall like Appe and Camille , for so is the command : from Poop to Prow nothing but excecrations and passing of blowes : Who has not his head and face broken , all their bodies pearled with a bloody sweate ? Nay , which of their sences is not a window to let in sorrow ? if chased by the Christian Gallies , by whom they may be relieved , they are then forced to put might and maine , to runne from them , the Turkes standing with drawne sables over their heads , and if by feabelnes any faints , has his Armes or head Cut off : they are beaten to put on their clothes and beaten to take them off , they are beaten , to eate , drinke , sleepe , and wash , and are beaten for doing any of these ; what shall I say more of these exorbitant men , who had they the vertue of patience , reposing sure confidence in the Divine Majestie , I presume , God would deliver them , so wishing them grace , whilst lamenting their estates , left in those torments , many of whom I love most deare , doe end this discourse , desiring God to send them libertie . The End of the First Booke . THE SECOND BOOKE : Wherein is contained the discription of Argere , its first rising to this Greatnesse , its Government , the particular denomination of its Governors , its Revinewes , its Forces by Sea and land , its Victories , its Inhabitants , its Lands , Territories , and Riches . HOw many thousand of the Europian people have not only lost their estates and beene utterly ruinated ; but also what an innumerable Company of Christian soules , hath beene perverted by the Citie of Argere , is by miserable experience , knowne unto most people : so her fame on the contrary hath spred it selfe unto all the Mahometan Nations , insomuch as Chineses , and those other Esterne people have beene allured unto her , in all parts of the Great Turkes Dominions , and amongst the fierce and warlike Tartars , she is termed Sultan Iossier the Golden and King of Cities : here Souldiers are of the bravest and most desperatest of all Turkes , so esteemed for valour and that with the grand Segniour himselfe , who ascribes them the preëxcellence of vertue above his owne Ianissaries , this City was in the yeere of Grace , 1414. taken from the Christians by Barba Rosha , and other 32. Turkes Pirats in a Frigate accedentally putting into that Port , yet hath for its situation , bordering to the West , the Kingdome of Muritaniea , East the Kingdome of Cokosse , South the Zara , and North the Meditaranian sea : situated 5 leagues in the Bay called Monta Fusa and is built on the side of a hill presenting it selfe to the spectators at Sea , East , West , and North , 8. or 10. leagues , in forme of a top saile hoysed , her houses built staire-like one over the other , enjoying a most wholesome ayre and pleasant situation : scarce any house of the City but hath the prospect of the Sea , there are in her many stupendious and sumptious edifices , though outwardly for the Major part present themselves but simple and rude ; her cercuite doth not exceede 3. Miles , in which circumference are a multitude of people , and excessive Riches , in gold , plate , and houshold furniture her women for beautie give place to none . So for their immunities are not to be paralleld by ●y , they have an Indies in diamonds , pearles , gold chaines , and other rich vestures , insomuch that it occasioneth a Proverbe amongst the Turkes , who sayes there is three things that distroyes the world ; the Christians in Law , the Jewes in Feasts , and they upon their wives . But having spoken in generall of the wealth of this Citie , I will also informe you who are the possessors of it ; the Turke is he that fights for all , both by Sea and Land , and by his power as Conquerer keepes all the other sort of the inhabitants as Vassals in great subjection , yet in substance is but a slave unto them , as possessing goods by imagination , and the others possessing the essentialls : for the Moores and Tageriens are the owners of Lands and ships , and the onely Armorers of them , whom I may compare to the maine Sea , and the Turkes but as Rivelets or small streames to emptie themselves in the great Ocean , for besides their pay and shares , they get at Sea , they enjoy for the Major part but little others , of which the Tavernes Whores , and worse Vices serve to spung them : in summe , they are slaves to the toyles and hazards of Fortune and their aussiduous travells , and have no free exemption from them , untill they come to be Bullabashes , and when Musullagaes , having passed all offices and made all benefits , which their youthly toyles may infe●●e them in , they shoote their Arrowes and unbend their bowes and are exempted from all , having 40. shillings a moneth pay with houses , and enjoy a life voyde of all cares , yet some Turkes there are of them , that are excessively rich , yet but few . Of its Discription in Generall . THis Citie , on all parts , to the Land , is walled , and of sufficient strength , it is also moted and trenched , besides being situated upon a hill , that hath on the West side of it so great a dale and asscent , as by ordinary conjecture , there is no meanes possible to assault her on that side . She hath a most sumptuous mould , and on it built a Castle of excellent workemanship , in the midst of it , North upon a tide from the Sea gate , in which is planted 16. peeces of brasse Ordnance , the chiefest and strongest Fort to the Sea is that called the Tapona , in which are 12. peeces , of great weight , and goodnesse ; many other block-houses , are on that side , but the Citie generally unwalled to the sea , where shipe of greatest burthen may come within Musket shot and batter her : nor can any shot be in vaine , her edifices being as I have before rehearsed , and are all built with bricke , and that very slender , her streetes narrow , and she infinitely populour , so that if ever shee be forced , it must be with a good fleete by sea , and also sufficient Land Forces , must be necessarily required , her walls are abundantly stored with brasse Ordnance : and upon two Mountaines she hath as I may terme them the bridle and the saddle , two Castles , the one commenced in a night by Charles , the fifth Roman Emperour , the other built by the Tageren● , each commanding the other , and both the Citie ; there is also the stirrups , which they call the Alcassaba , in which they hold their great Councell ; it is also their Magazin or great store house , of Amunition and Provision , and Treasure , in which is yearely layd up for their future occasions , 500000. dubles , accounting each duble to the just English shilling , and this great place of strength is onely kept by 200. Bullabashers chiefe men in Councell : to the West neere halfe a mile , without the Citie is also Bab●lwaite Castle , built at the charge of a certaine Bashaw or vice King , of the Rowse Nation . When it was taken by Barba Rosha , it was no other , than a vast wildernesse , but he following his pirassis , and getting wealth by that trade , had in short time great companies of Turkes and Allarbies resorting to him , whereby it greatly increased it , not to fame , commodiousnesse , nor beauty , untill Phillip the third , King of Spaine banished the Morisc●●s , from his Country , of which sort many came unto this Citty , whereby it increased in ingenuitie of Arts in Fortifications , in buildings , in planting fruites not knowne there before ; in Arming ships with great allacritie , to doe spoile upon Christians , in exhausting the price of Captives , adding new torments to them , and by exacting great ransomes from them , to spunge them to the dregs , since whose arivall to her , that Citty hath flourished to the Admiration of the Turke and is now become famous , for her high hand carried over all the Christian Navigations , and her great booties gotten dayly from them , for her buildings , and they so compact , as there is not a foote of waste ground , or garden in all the Citie : commodious for her abundance of Fountaines , in all parts of her , and concavitie for the passage of ordure and excrement from all houses and corners ; honoured with Artificers , beautified with rich shops , and adorned with the abundance of all necessaries , worthy the regallaring so Noble a Citie ; all which she enjoyes by the industrie of the Tagerins , and its perminencie by favour of the great Turke , whereby she hath so long reigned by the ruines of all Christians uncontrouled : the great Turke lodging this theefe in his house , to no other purpose , nor will permit any Christian-Prince to take revenge against this Citie , putting them off with imperative answere , that it is his , where although he Commands least , onely receiving from her 20000. peeces of eight a yeare , which is not payed him as a Tribute , but meerely as a reward , to this dissimulation in tollerating and protecting them in their most contested , inexecrable and infamous doings , participating in their Robberies , receiving besides other presents of boyes , which if Gentlemen are customarily presented to him , for all which hee rewards them with the honour of wearing his fooles coates , and their Captaines by sending them flagges , and other favours , as his greatnesse pleaseth to bestow upon them . Of its Government . THey have for their gimause Ecclesiastical or Church government , chiefe of all other sorts of Priests , a Muftie which custome they have taken from the Christians , and has the title amongst them of an Arch-Bishop , and is of the Arabian Nation ; many other sorts of Priests are amongst them ; different to one an other , as their severall habits doe demonstrate , which commonly goes under the name of Tollops , excepting their Marabotes esteemed men of greatest sanctitie by the Arabians , and the Dervises , of greatest estimation with the Turke . The chiefe in temporall matters is the Cadie or chiefe Justice , but to speake of those that sway in government , the greatest personage in that Citie , is the generall of the Gallies , who has his place for terme of life and yearely , 40000. shillings revenew : there are also foure other personages as their Byes , Alcaides , or Generals of their Campe●● the greatest person in Councell or other wayes , their sole director in matters of state is their Hossia or Secratary ; yet all of these oblieged to the wills of the Duanna , or Councell , at whose pleasure are their preferments , honours , estates , and lives ; they of the Councell being so absolute in themselves , as that they have infallabilitie and deffectabilitie , power to make lawes and obtrude them , whereby all those afore nominated officers are but as Ciphers , serving onely as interpreters to them , whose will is their reason : they have no written Lawes , but observe tradition and customary statutes for their government ; they seldome Judicate upon mature deliberation , but doe all in a fury : their custome is first to execute the delinquent , and after judge him : to conclude , they have no certaine rules of Justice , but what their fancies leades them . Of their Governours . THey have a Bassha or Vice-King , who comes from Constantinoble , and by Nation must be a Renegado , and one bred and educated in the great Turkes Surray or Court ; he represents the Grand Signiours person , yet not elected by him , but buyes the place of the Captaine Basshaw , who for 10000. peeces of eight gives him a flagge which he presents to the great Turke , who has not at any time , beene known to contradict the Captaine Basshaws grant herein , but Authenticates his election , gives unto the new Basshaw letters of credit , unto that common wealth , so goes for Argere , his time limitted but for a yeare , yet fortunes to remaine there in dignitie of Basshaw 3. or 4. yeares , as it frequently accidents , some to die by the way , or some other disaster to befall them : his intent is profit , and not honour ; at his dubling the point of Mountafous he is obleiged to discharge a peece of Ordnance as notice to the present Basshaw , to depart the Pallace with all his materialls , for such is their custome , that all that the new Basshaw findes in the Pallace , to seize upon it as his owne : The Argeres ever receiving the new with joy , for that every Souldiers pay is then raised to a duble in the moneth . The Duanna with all reverence meetes him upon the Mould , from whence they conveigh him to his Pallace on horsebacke ; his Secretary riding before him , carrying the horse Tayle , or Royall Ensigne of the Great Turke , his Musique also on horsebacke ; but the Councell of the Citie rides not on horsebacke onely , the Aga Generall of the Souldiers , his Kaiea or second , with the 24. Aiabasshes , with many other Bullabashes on foote , their coates loose and long , their hands layd one upon the other , and both upon their girdles , their eyes dejected to the ground , 120. Oddabasshes followes them , having sterts of gold , halfe a yard long , and Palme broad , set on their heads , wearing feathers in a round hoope , which covers all their bodies , ( 60 ) of these carrying naked Cimitaries , up right against their breasts ; the other ( 60 ) carrying Carbines of excellent workmanship , and great value , ( 6 ) Chouses or Pursevants goes before to make way for their passage , which is the manner of welcomming this Kingly fellow to that Citie , and a naked Pallace , and himselfe as naked : the great men of the Citie presents him for three dayes , many dishes of meat , which many of them have received , as hony in their mouthes , but it ever proves gravell in their throats ; yet hope is of that noble facultie as it is able to replenish his masters indigency and necessitie with all things , its rare that any of them goeth away with almost a coate to his backe ; two of them in my time went away miserable poore , having after the expiration of their times , and the arrivall of a new Bashaw , laine many moneths prisoners in chaines , and their Equipage as fatall , for three treasurers to Mustapha Bashaw , a man of 104. yeares of age , succeeding one another in place , did likewise succeede each other in the manner of their deaths , who in 17. dayes time poysoned themselves one after another , wanting mony to give the souldiers pay , and s●aring what the fury of the Duanna would doe unto them . Durg●ot● Bashaw , for the like cause they pounded in a Morter , never went any away fairely . But Vsuph Bashaw sometimes my Patron , who was thought to carry substance with him , yet in his Vice-gerenele was three times forced to take the Marabont house for sanctuary to save his life , & had not fortune extraordinarily helped him had other wayes inherited the miseries hereditary to those Bashawes : yet wants there not those who sollicite and make friends , and give moneyes to obtaine the place , such biters are that nation at the golden hooke , that I presume if it were at hell for gold they would not refuse that baite . He now interests himselfe in wretchednesse , his place calls him to give the pay , and the Souldiers will have it , 600. Musallagas . 800. Bullabashes , 424 Oddabashes , and the number of Souldiers uncertaine . Imperially demands it , hee has not a certaine number of Souldiers to pay , for they receive all the Turkes that came , all free Christians that turne Turkes and Renegadoes , whose masters makes them to turne Turkes ; provided he has his masters consent thereto , for it is in their pleasures to keepe them slaves perpetually , and their posteritie ; the number of them in dead pay is also uncertaine , being according as children are borne , for that every souldiers sonne at his birth day is entered into two shillings a moneth pay , his charge is augmented by 1200. Swayes or horsemen which chiefely followes them for hope of spoile ; for a Turke may not pillage any thing of the conquered , for if he saw a Crowne of Gold lying at his feete and should goe to take it , the next Souldier to him upon paine of death is oblieged to cut off his head , referring the spoile to the base and undeserving , but that a Turke should accompt the honour of victory , the greatest recompence of reward , and those ignoble sort of Souldiers have but foure shillings a moneth pay ; this Bashaw is also oblieged to maintaine the Bullabashes in the Cassaba with victualls , with Horses , when they goe in Campe ; and also to the Souldiers to carry their Baggage , the Cookes Kettles and to furnish them with Powder , Shot , Tents and other necessaries , and once in 15. dayes to make the whole councell a feast , to maintaine the houshold expences of the Agga or Generall of the Souldiers : Besides giving him if he sit but three dayes in that Chaire 1000. shillings and if two moneths no more , for so their manner is to abide in that dignitie , yet few of them have beene knowne to have continued that time of two moneths . Of their elder Bullabashes they elect their 24. Ayabashes , and of their elder Ayabashes they make their Kaia , and this Kaia is made Agga ; yet he upon sufficient reason given may excuse himselfe of the place , yet with consent of the Duana or Councell . I have knowne many to sit downe ; and immediatly rise againe , and in a day foure or five of them to doe the like , at such time as any great difference or stirre hath beene amongst them : I knew one of them a man of good esteeme , through timour and conscience , a great matter of importance being to be iudicated , made an appollogicall excuse and refused the place ; but the Duana tooke him downe , gave him 200. blowes and after with lesse ease made him resit in the chaire to doe justice ; from which when they are dismissed , turne Mussullagas , and are then exempted from all toyles , troubles , or Duana matters , and are onely called thither at such times as some infrequent matter is presented , and the like hath not passed in their Bullabashes times . When they send for the ancients of the Mussallagas , to know if any such had occured in his government , who gives his answer and opinion and departs ; the third in place are the Oddabashes , who are the last in councell , nor doe these enjoy an equall pay , but according to their service ; for if there be a nation that retaines the discipline of the Romans they are these ; no man is preferred to place by discent or valour ; as well the Sheepe as the Lyon : First they are Souldiers , and have but foure shillings a moneth pay , and foure breades , which they raise by service , for every time they goe in the Army ; to a shilling upon the Nativitie of every sonne of the great Turke● to another upon any victory that the great Turke hath , to another for every enemies head they cut off , to another upon the comming of a new Bashaw , to another from a Souldier they rise to Avichellhage or steward , to Anodabasshe , and so to Abullabasshe , to an Ayabasshe , to a Kaya , and in fine to Agga , and then Mussould or turned out ; so that it is fortune that brings them in place , but not in pay , a new souldier by the death of his Officers come to place but it is Service that advances their pay ; the Souldier has but 4. breads a day , the Oddabashe the like , the Bullabashe 8. the Ayabasshe 24. provided they be not married , for when they marrie they lose their bread and houses : most of the Bullabashes have houses Rent-free , yet gets them by favour , for when a Bullabasshe is very sicke , sends word to his best friend , that is destitute of a house , for his Cimitary , which he gives order to have drawne , whereby if he dyes , his friend is put in possession , according to their custome and proverbe ; for they say they rose by the sword , they live by the sword , and they shall end and perish by the sword : the most profitablest places are those of the Ch●wsses or pursevants , who must be naturall Turkes , and are in Number 6. Continuing in Office sixe yeares , during which terme they injoy many priviledges , and at the expiration of their times turnes Bullabashes , having passed a life free of care , and gotten many thousand peeces of eight . The next to them in matter of profit , are the Archesse or cookes , and are in Number 120 , who succeede one another in place till they be Archabasshes or Arch-Cookes , when they turne Oddabasshes , and their last yeere of Service in that Office worth them , 1500. peeces of eight , during which time they are interdicted the company of women : I knew one of them taken in company of a women , by one of his fraternitie , had presently his turbant torne off his head , and was led as a malefactor , before the Duana , whose first demand to him was whether there wanted boyes . In sum , they degraded him , and mulcted him with 500. blowes , for transgressing these Ancient customes . In fine the Basshaw is but a figure , and received by them mearely to take that charge and trouble upon him , which all of themselves of the great ones refuses : there are foure Allcaids or Generalls of Campes ; which by Nation must be Renegadoes , and these are excessive rich , for all they can extort from the Moores above the Kings tribute they put into their owne purses , for which the Allarbies exhibites continuall comp●●●ts against them ; one of the chiefest of them in my time was in councell like to bee to●e in peeces , nor have they any other way to prevent the like accident , but by keeping themselves indebted to the treasurie and chiefest men in Councell : great obligation had Caide Muxate to Ha●sa Hosiea , who in that hurly burly , wherein the whole Duana were in a confusion ; after a signe and beckoning with the hand , 〈◊〉 in this manner unto them ; Fathers , brethren , and sonnes ▪ this accused person is indebted to the common treasurie 200. thousand dubles , wherefore looke well what you doe , and take notice of the first man that offers him violence , that he may pay his debts ; upon which they desisted and the Alcaide escaped that danger . With them is no pleading or capitulating of causes , for a meere oration doth but bring a mans life into question , the word with them is , shall it be so or shall it not be so , geller gellimesse , shall hee come or not come , they stand in rankes passing the word by a Chouse or Pursevant ; their action , their hands upon their bellies , jetting each other with their armes or elbowes , raysing their voyces as they are in Choller , or as a pot boileth with the addition of fire , untill they are many times all in a cumbustion ; they have a wise prevention of a greater mischiefe , so that these two particulars are commanded by them upon deepest paine● not to drinke wine , or any strong liquors before their comming to 〈◊〉 house or place of Duana , or to weare or carry a Knife thither , 〈◊〉 ancient proverbe causes I beleeve these cautions ; for they say that blood shall begin at that Duana place , and runne downe into the Cava which is a thousand paces ; I have knowne them so much divided , as their Agga , 24. Aiabasshes and Cadie , all turned out of places at one time : in briefe it is such a government as the like is no where else in the world , yet are they that governes in their actions otherwise grave , wearing their turbants , in greatnesse , and their beards in length as they are in office ; but what is most to be admired at , is that when they are but Common Souldiers , they are most publikely flagitious , taking shame as no enormity , but when they come to the place of Duana men , they are present Metamorphosis , which were it not so popular were more to be admired ; they are generally illiterate , yet are their doings famously esteemed in the grand signiours Court , as appeares by this , that when his greatnes is any wayes discontented and that none of his Visseares dare speake unto him , they repleate a good humour in him by presenting to his sight the government of Argire . They have two great Duana dayes weekely , Saturday in the Allcassaba , and Sunday morning in the Basshawes house ; how ever they sit every day in Councell : if a Christian hath any matter of importance , it must be treated in the Allcassaba , yet is no Christian permitted to enter that place , but must stand at the doore , send in his demands by the Trugman or Interpreter , who is a Renegado , by whom they returne their answere ; not is a Christian permitted to speake publickely in Duana , nor will they have any matters delivered them but in the Turkish tongue , and by a Trugman . Of Governers in particular . THe Agga who is Generall of the Souldiers and Chiefe in Councell . The Kaiea his second . The 24. Ayehasshes or 24. in place of Councell . Bullabasshes are 800. these sway in Councell . Addabasshes are 424. and weare a red cloath in their Cappes in manner of a tongue , with a wrested Turbant , a long Coate , and are not permitted to weare any other garment . The Hassia , their onely Councellor , whose advice they receive as an Oracle . Sixe Ch●wsses all wearing vestes like the Oddabashes , and are apparelled in greene coates , made of a fashion peculiar to themselves for their better knowledge ; they have the sole power to apprehend Duanna men , provided they have a warrant from the Agga ; nor may they take a souldier by any part of his body , but by the girdell , nor doth the Souldier upon paine of death dare resist him : infinite priviledges doe these souldiers enjoy , for i● a Tagerine or Moore strickes one of them , he has his hand immediately cut off . I knew a Sheriffe , a Sect that Lineally derives themselves from Mahomet , being most egrediously abused by a souldier , in his choller strooke him , he was presently apprehended : for this custome is amongst them , that any of them crying sherellah , which signifies , Gods Justice , and the contrary party shall refuse to goe , to the place where Justice is administred , all persons present are obleiged to assist the plaintiffe , so that ordinarily they dragge such as makes any wilfull resistance : this Shireffe being for his offence brought before the Councell , interceaded by way of priviledge and respects of blood , but he onely obtained this curtesie , that they cut off his left hand , whereas usually they cut off the right hand of all others that offend in like nature . Whiles these souldiers live unmarried , they all live in Courts of Guard , called by them Cassheries , peeces of excellent workeman-ship and commoditie ; nor may any of them lye out at night without leave of their Lievetenant , whom they call their Oddabashe , who has power to castigate them for any offence they doe commit , so it be not criminall , yet has the Souldier this priviledge , that if he conceives his Lievetenant to envie him , to appeale to the Duana , which however if any of them doe , are sure to suffer a double Jerking : for that in the Courts of Guard they may not give more blowes than did the Iewes to Paul , forty save one , and those must be given by the Leivetenant himselfe , and that upon his knees , and he obliged upon like castigation , not to carry his Arme above his head , yet so obedient are these Souldiers to their Commanders , that after beating they rise and pray for the perpetuation of the faith of Mahomet , and prosperities of the shaddow of God , their Emperour . Of their Basha , their Fathers , the governours and Common-wealth of Arger● , and kisse their Officers hand and head , thanke him for his favour in Correcting them , and promise for future time to live more regular , and being premonished by the Leivetenant , he is discharged : for criminall causes they are carried to the Alcassaba , where they are mul●ted according to their offence . I have known many there beaten to peeces , in matter of Duana men , upon the least suspition or accusation , they are instantly strangled and throwne into the sea , where having laine 24. houres , they are weighed by their friends and buried : other Officers there are , but have no voyce in Councell , as the Arches or Cookes , and are 124. their dutie is to purvoy the Citie with flesh ; the Admirall of their shippes and Sea Captaines are in great estimation , yet have no voyce or command in Counsell , and are all once a yeare obleiged to goe to sea , otherwayes are sent into the campes , where they are no more priviledged than the common Souldiers . Of its Revinewes . THey send out 4. Campes yearely into the Country , exacting from the Allubies excessive Tributes , who were it not for their owne civill dissentions , and they politiquely stir'd up by the Turke for their owne advantage , were not otherwise able to put their faces out of the gates of Argiere , but making this oppertunitie the Moores plague , they Martch many hundred miles , triumphing over Millions of the Natives the Allarbies , and that not with thousands of Souldiers but with a handfull of men , and they without discipline ; I meane of postures , or common probabilitie , they receive from their Campe called Tittere , being North East from Argere , bordering upon the Kingdome of Cook●●e , from which King they receive no Tribute but from the Allarbies inhabiting the plaines , Vicenteres , to that Prince they dubles . have yearely . 200000. From their second Campe , called Piscarie in the sandie desarts bordering upon the Zara and Nigars Country 24 , dayes in their March thither . South upon a line , in which Country growes do Corne graine , their sole feeding being Rice and Dates , payes them yearely 200000. They also by this Campe receive tribute from the Nigars who send them yearely 200. of their Children . Thirdly , Sharke , extending West as far as Bot●yea , and the Kingdome of Muritanea or Tremassine payes 400000. Gorbe , extending its teritorie as f●er in the Orient as Tobarco . A Castle in possession of the Genousa payes . 400000. From their Garissins , as Constantina . 050000. From Bonna , a Port towne . 050000. From the , Bastyone when it was in possession of the French . 090000. From Tobarco they receive yearely . 010000. From Colla a Port Towne . 040000. From Gigerie a Port Towne . 015000. From Buggea a Port Towne . 040000. From Shershell a Port towne they receive yearely . 40000. From Massagan a Port Towne 50000. From Massagonem , a Port Towne . 50000. From Trimassin , Metropolitan Citie of the Kingdome of Murita●iea they yearely receive . 100000. From the Allarbies of Monteger● , and the vale of Medea , and the farmes of the Citizens . 800000. From the Gardens a joyning neere the Citie being 16000. 800000. By the Gates of the Citie . 040000. They have rent from all shoppes in the Citie proportionally as they are let to those that occupies them , which must bee very great ; yet I could never come to the true knowledge of it . For their Sea revinues they are uncertaine , they being as purchase comes in , of all goods and people that are taken ; the Bashaw has the eight part , and all shippes or other vessells solely to his owne particular , with all other provision and Ammunition appertayning to them . They have no constant trade , but with the Legornesses , and they when most comes , but two small vessells in a yeare : other trade they have , the chiefest being for Alexandria in Egypt , yet most performed by a people called Iarbines ; all paying 12. and a halfe purcenta : in summe , for their Campes , Garisons , Gardens and the like to my knowledge , by good information they have certaine Rent 3475000. dubles , accounting each duble to the just shilling English , and is 34750000 Of their Sea Forces . THeir Sea Forces chiefely consisted of their Gallies , yet never exceeded the number of nine at one time : Ally Pichelline , with the foole in the Gospell , resolved in the yeare 1639. to have brought them to twelve , and to have built a Gally Groce , but one was in the same yeare lost at Bonna by a tempest , and the other eight all taken by the Venetians ; so that at that present there was never a Gally remayning in that Citie , nor can I conceive that ever Ally will returne thither , from the Levant where hee now is to build more . So that their Sea Forces at the present consistes altogether in shippes , which are sometimes more , sometimes lesse . When I was first brought thither , in the yeare 1631. They had 90. vessells of all sorts , which they Armed in robberies , but in three yeares after they had not 30. and were utterly disanimated to arme their shippes in reprisall voyages , nor would upon any tearmes of advantage deale with an English shippe of force , untill a certaine Allerbie borne in the Mountaines of Cokoose Captaine of a Pinke of 26. peeces of Artillerie belonging to the Bashaw , unfortunatly met with the Adventure of London , a shippe of 21. peeces of Ordnance , and 45. men , which this Moore boarded , and immediatly mastered shee being richly loaden for the accompt of Gennonesses , which hath since imboldned that captaine to take divers English Ships of good force , and refuses to fight with none that he meetes withall : Thus much of their Sea Forces and shippes , which may be at present 80. Saile , most Flemish shippes , some carrying 40. peeces of ▪ Ordnance . Of their Land Forces . NO Tagarine or Moore of the Citie may be a Souldier or goe in Land service , they are onely allowed Armes in their houses to defend the Citie if it should be invaded ; in their foure Campes they send out 2400. men , they have in their Garisons 1000. more : in my time in their Hamper or Generall Armie , which in 1633. they sent against the King of Cokoose , when all their ships were in port , and all their souldiers at home , beside those in Garison they could make but 4500. Souldiers , beside Bullabashes and Oddabashes their Commanders . I will allow for sicke men and others in Merchant voyages 1000. more , so that in my judgement they cannot have above 5000. Souldiers in pay , and although there be Christians that daily turne Turkes and Turkes which daily comes out of the Lavante which are presently put in pay ; so by their fights on Land and at Sea , there are daily killed more or lesse of them , and that to the benefit of the Bashaw , for if a Souldier dies without children , hee inherits his goods ; they have also a people which followes them for spoiles , called Swayves or Horsemen : besides all these there are perminently in the Citie , of Gentlemen , Tagerines and Moores above 50000. able men to draw Sword ; and thus much of their Land Forces . Of their Victories . THe vertue of this people doth appeare by the large and ample patrimony which in that Country they command , in despight of millions of their enemies , and they a people framed to warre , able of body , fierce of nature , and cruell of disposition , the most excellent horsemen of the world , I meane the Moores : In 1542. with Ally their Bashaw they marched to the very gates of Fesse , one of the most famous Cities of Africa , and returned having made composition , and received of the Citizens for each day to each Souldier , as long as they had beene from Argiere , a Ducate a day : their officers advanced their reward as they were in dignitie , and the Bashaw by their relation returned with excessive riches to his owne particular . They did in the yeare 1620. fight many battailes with the King of Cokoose , beate him out of his countrey , onely leaving him a mountaine , which by its unpassable wayes and difficult assent was the sole refuge hee had to keepe himselfe from their Swords , they having burned his Cities of England , of France , Spaine , Portugall , Sicelia , Naples , Rome , Venice , Allimania , and others which were and are yet called according to these principall places of Christendome . In the yeare 1626. they conquered the Kingdome of Muritania , from the Marrabote , named Sedeabdelcadder , and called by them Antichriste ; and that sumptuous Citie of Tremessine , Metroppolis of that kingdome , which Marrabote by his conjurations , for so I esteeme them , and that with good reason , to bee Cunjurors , Charmers and Witches , did by his Art Magique many miracles whereby he became famous amongst those indocible and superstitious people : the Moores who flocked to him not onely as the man that would defend them and that Kingdome , but also by his extraordinary vertue and power , get more , and heaven for them also , they esteeming him as the man of God , for so are they still led to beleeve ; the greatest Exorcist with them is the greatest Saint . The Duana of Argiere sends out an Armie against him , consisting of 6000. Turkes Foote , and 2000. Swayves Horsemen ; the Tagerines and Bellagees Citizens , with other superstitious people of the Citie lamented that the blinde Turke would apparently runne into an inevitable destruction : the Turkes wives condoles their husbands presumption as to goe to conquer such a man of God . The Turke semper idem set forwards ; the Generall of the Army was a Colloly , and the man that since blew up their Cassaba ; they incountered this great Prophet , having with him an Armie of above 20000. men ; joynes battell , but his art failing , great numbers of his Souldiers slaine . In fine he was abandoned of all his people , taken prisoner , the Algieres fleaed him alive , and stuffed his skinne with straw and sent it for Argiere , where it was carried in triumph in all publike places of that Citie , to the glory of the Turke and infamie of all superstitious Moores : the Turke pursued his advantage , made a finall conquest of that countrey , onely Tremassine was an obsticle in their way , which the Turke besieged , and after divers skirmishes it was yeelded to them , they put 200. Souldiers in Garison in their Alcassaba , and triumphiously returned to Argiere , where they were received with glory . Most famous is this Citie , and of all others proud in her good fortune against the Souldiers and state of Tunis . In 1627. when upon differences betweene them , about a certaine Castle the Algieres built , whom they of Tunis challenged to be built in their territories and jurisdiction . Subsitudes were appointed on both parties to treate and ratifie some relugar way betwixt them , and that the difference should not be onely judicated by Turkes , but rather by Moores , natives of the countrey , to whose experience the right was better knowne . Long time was spent in Commission to effect it , but neither the one nor the other would turne their affections to that good use . In fine , it came to be the intelligence of the great Turke , who did strive to accommodate a stabilitie of peace betwixt them , nor could his greatnesse herein prevaile ; the Commissioners deputed by both Common-wealthes , returned unaccorded ; the grand signiour Pope-like , by booke and candle excommunicated them both , if they disobeyed his pleasure therein , which they least set by , and casting away all legall Capitulations , Armed on both sides : they of Tunise raised an Armie of 8000. foote of the Turkish Nation , with volentaries , admitting and accepting all Gentlemen of the Collollies that would goe to that Service : Henissha , a great Prince of the Allarbies confederated with them , and for old injuries vowed revenge upon the Algerers , who on their parts neglected no oppertunitie , stayed their Land Forces , and shippes from Navigation , levied 6000. Turkes , nor would they admit volentaries , as Gentlemen of the Collollies or others not in pay . Ben Allie a Prince of the Orient and of the Moorish Nation great enemie to his Vicentere henissha , the other Prince confederated with the Adverse partie , brought unto their assistance 7000. horse , the combination with the Tunistens , and Prince Henissha was made with strong promises and protestations of love , one unto the other , confirmed with deepe vowes to be allegated in an indisolvable and perpetuall obligation , both promises upon victory to Martch to the gates of Argere , and not onely so , but to make a finall extirpation of those incorrigible people of that Citie , by mutuall condition , the spoyles were to be given to Prince Henesha and his Souldiers , but the Lands and Cities Conquered to be the reward of the Tunisers , who to effect matters answerable to so great expectation , carried 40. peeces of brasse Ordnance of all sorts in their Armie , and 8000 souldiers Turkes ; Henessha , brought to their assistance , 11000. Horsemen , of his owne subjects : the Allgerers with an undaunted resolution , advanced to their new-built Castle , as farre in the Orient as Tobarco , 130. leagues ; carried not one peece of Artillery with them , nor did their owne Forces exceede the Number of 6000. foote Turkes , Benn Allie their confederate brought to their assistance , 7000. horsemen , of their owne people Allarbies , notwithstanding the great disadvantage , on the enemies part , as being in horse and foote , many thousand more than they were : besides , having so many peeces of Ordnance , Martches into their territorie , found their enemies , with whom they joyned battle , the Allgerers first made at the Ordnance of their enemies ; and after a hot skirmish being valiantly resisted , the fight increasing on all sides , the victory a long time doubtfull , yet by generall opinion like to have fallen to the Tunessins : the two Princes of the Allarbies had as hard bickering on their parts , as now the time to shew ( that king of passions ) their Mallice one against the other ; the Allgerers impatient , tooke their usuall furie , gives the word every Souldier to throw downe his Musket , and to end the quarrell by dent of sword ; which doing , they entred upon the Ordnance of their enemies , and by their vallour gained them , which they now turned as a rod of mischiefe to whip their first masters , and like a torrent makes farther into the Armie of the enemie , who for a long time made valliant and Noble resistance , but the vertue of the Allgerers prevailed , and the Conquered fled , leaving behind them 3500. of their Companions dead upon the ground of their Turkish Souldiers ; 4● . peeces of Artillery , many Banners of great curiosity and valew , with rich pillage , which fell to Ben Allie , and his All●rbies , beside his glory of victory obtained against his mortall enemie Prince Henesha . The Allgerers returned with this glory to their Cittie , and are by the inhabitants received with Joy and triumph , whiles they of Tunis lamented their disgrace , were perplexed what more mischiefe the Allgeres , purposed to doe unto them , to whose mercy certainely they were , their lives , their goods , and their Cittie ; and the greater was their terrour , for the arivall of 40. Argere shippes at the Galletta , or Port Carthage● but they were upon the first advertisment of victory recall'd by the Councell of Argere , without doing them of Tunis the least dammage , and they utterly demolished that Castle which had caused that difference betwixt them ; how many battels they have fought with the Allarbies , were too tedious to recount : they have diverse times overthrowne the Armies of Ben Allie , and Henessha , with other great Princes of the Moores , and are in continuall and dayly skirmishes with them , to whom they are a terour , and their fame spread in all Affrica . Of its Inhabitants . SHe is proud in Citizens , consisting of 28000. Families , besides Iewes unaccounted , who cannot be lesse than 30000. soules ; her inhabitants consists of foure sorts of people . Of Bellages Natives , and first inhabitants of the Citie of Tagerines , a people banished Spaine by Philip the third ; and Iewes , all which are but tenants at will to the last , and that is the Turke , from whom is also extracted two other sorts of people ; one the Collollies their children Naturall , and the Renegatha , their adoptive Children , of which three sorts of men are the Souldiers of Argiere : as for the condition and manners of this people , excepting that which tend to the upholding of their state and Common-wealth , I meane their government Millitary , they are so depraved as they have no good Custome amongst them , for although in all their doings , they begin with the first mover , if it be but in cutting a peece of bread , and that in their way they wash and pray five times a day , and are very ceremonious in their law ; yet are they incorigibly flagitious , they are sayd to commit Sodomie with all creatures , and tollerate all vices ; so their women for their parts are most impudent and addicted to all kindes of unnaturallnesse , yet greedy lovers of money ; they make no scruple of murder , neither of infants is it enquired after : so on the contrary doth the Souldier upon discontent , jelousie , or displeasure , cut their throates , throw them out at windowes into the Sea , and in the open streets without remorse of conscience or inquisition of Justice , to say so much as what hast thou done . There is no Naturall love from the man to the Wife , nor from the woman to her husband ; they marrie without sight one of another , and their ayme and intent onely intrest : they buy their wives , paying halfe their dowrie in hand , and the other upon divorce , for upon least difference they turne away each other : the man obleiges himselfe to maintaine his wife , with a precise forme of allowance , which if he any wayes failes to performe , its frequent and legall the woman to abandon her husband , and that without scruple , although in their aboad together they have had many children , ( like to like as the Devill said to the Collier ) for they are as well rewarded in their children , whose disobedience is such , that to defame and buffet them is usance , and their parents count it a favour to doe them service : so is the Iew , a most execrable people , and a like hatefull to all Nations ; bloody hearted , living by defraudes , and notwithstanding their knowledge of the Law , are as disobedient to their parents as the other . There is yet another sort of people and they are Christians , whose case is to be pitied , that lyes groaning under the yoake of Turkish , tyrannie , who Martyr them dayly by their most contested , most inexorable , and unhumane creuelties , whose number and vertues were they armed , were not onely enough to master Argere , but to make a finall conquest of all Africa ; they are esteemed to be 60000. truely I thinke them little lesse , for by common probabilitie , there being 16000. Gardens , and one with another , having a Christian , some two , three , and foure , besides so great a Number as are in the Citie , put to all vile and base services , others that goe to Sea , they doing nothing that tends to labour themselves , so that it carries too great a probabilitie to be that Number : but those that I must lament , and nature obliges to be most indulgent to , is for more than 1500. of my miserable Countrie men , who are there plunged in the most vile and greatest detriments , certainely a faire course would effect their enlargement , and without all doubt be most acceptable to Almightie God , and bring a benediction upon his Majestie , his Royall posteritie , people and dominions ; they have a most confident opinion of his Majesties gracious favour toward them , and are credulous that his Royall bountie will be no lesse propence to them , than it hath beene to those that were in Moroco and Sally ; they blame the wils of some ill affected persons , who they say have long countermaunded that beniffecence which would have beene their remuneration ; here are those indeede that pretend if those men should be redeemed , upon like hopes others would not fight , and so give away Merchants estates , which alas it is a weake assertion ; we all know it is not the common sort that swayes , but the Captaine which if a Lyon , a sheepe will follow him : in Corporall diseases , if the head be ill , how is all the body distempered , but what rationall man is there that would yeeld himselfe into a 14. or 15. yeares slavery , although he knew certainely at the end of that terminie , to be redeemed . Who does us all this mischiefe but Christians , consider the unwonted damages we dayly receive by them , premeditate what may more ensue , if some speedy course be not taken to releeve them ; those poore soules who in anguish of their hearts , bereft of all Christian consolations , and meanes ordinary to reviste their Patria , many having wives and Children , whom they love most deere , so that like a Beare robbed of her whelpes , they are forced to take revenge , despairing of better Fortunes , and suppose by doing great spoyles to Anticepate their infranchisment ; such men they are that had or may his Majestie have occasion to use Sea-men , a 1000. of them were better than the best 3000. in England ; pardon me for the comparison , for they have had custome to beget boldnesse , and experience to doe execution , many of them have beene there 11. some 12. yeares ; fighting to them is as ordinary as to us carousing : in summe , they are excellent men , either for offence or defence , in Sea Services , and so accustomarily expert , that by judgement of their eye , they will eschew and avoyd a great shot : It is further pretended , if they should be inlarged , and a peace established , those Pirats of Allgere would never conserve and keepe it ; I am certaine that the last peace was broken by the English , by whom those of Argere received many injuries and long suffered them before they sought the least revenge , and the first English shippe brought thither , caused many differences betwixt themselves in Duana , nor would they consent to have the companie sould , till they saw the poore men so neglected , as no man interceaded for them ; I am confident that if his Majestie should send for those his poore , but most Loyall subjects ; that the Turkes would give them upon honourable termes , and have a just propention to a good firme and constant peace , which the better to obleige them to observe , in my opinion the way were to establish a conncell in that Citie , which should be allowed sufficient maintenance , by those that shall settle a Factorie there : it is also necessarily required in the person so subsituted , to be moderate , methodicall , and sufficient , and that the Allgerers on their part send hither one of their Bullahasshawes a Turke by Nation , which will be a powerfull meanes to obleige them to keepe and concerve the peace ; the trade will be as beneficiall as any Skall in Barberie , although lately it hath not so proved , the cause was not in the Citie , or inhabitants , but in the instruments imployed in the negotion which wanted experience in the Country : besides the Bastion is now vacant which long hath beene in hand of the French , worth 200000. duccats per annum declaro , gotten by fishing of Curell , wherein if any desire further satisfaction I will resolve them : in summe , as these Nations and Kingdomes of ours , are this day the most happiest and flourishing in the whole world , envied by most Christians , and admired by all Turkes , who ascribes a preëxcellencie of wisedome , prudence and vertue , to our Kings Majestie now reigning ( long may he live to Reigne over us ) and to the Right Honorable Lords of his Majesties most Honourable Privie Councell , absolutely to be the most wisest and most vertuous Prince , and Councellors in the Universe ; I doe implore the Majestie Divine to be their Councellour , by whose assistance as long to the admiration of the world , they have beene guided , so they may be ever to the maugering of all those that beare them envie ; whiles let it be our consolations against all enemies and maligners , that there is no greater signe of the mercy and favour of God , to any Nation or people , than when the hearts of publike governers are raised up to the punishment of Vice , reward of vertue , and for the Commanding of pious and Restoritive actions : in fine , I make no question , but at time convenient , these poore afflicted people shall be thought on , commiserated , and releeved . I was lately solicited by certaine personages , to give my advice concerning them , and the state of Argere , and by discourse doe collect that a certaine Gentleman intends to prove meanes and friends to get a Lotterie , by which he doubts not to get more than 200000. pound sterling , and with the one part pretend to redeeme the Captives , and with the other to make himselfe a compleate man ; these and such like rediculous projects are to be derided , as preposterous , and the event expected to speede there after ; a better , more laudible , and speedie way may be taken to prevent many insuing dangers , threatned upon our Navigations , and people . 30000. pound turned or imployed in such materials , as would advance profit in the Country , imposed in mens hands experienced , will by Gods mercy and his Majesties favour , infranchise them . Of their Lands , and Territories . THe greater the Enemie , the more worthy the Conquest , the lesser the number of the Conquerours , the more Renowned and Honourable the Victorie ; since Barba Rassha his time , of 120. yeares , who tooke this Citie with 32 men , from so meane a beginning , and from so base obscuritie has this Citie raised her glory in most parts of the knowne world , and extends her magnitude and territory to the Orient , as farre as Tobarco , 130. leagues , to the South ; as farre as the Zara , and burning zoan of the Nigars Country , to the Occident ; as farre as Botoyca , and to Tituon , 130. leagues ; and at Sea is a terrour to most Navigators , and a scourge to all the Meditarenian Cost of Christendome . Of their Riches . NO man may be incredulous or marvell at her excessive essentialls and materialls of gold and silver , having lived upon the Spoyle of all Christendome , more than 120. yeares ; what abundance of riches hath beene since that time brought into her , is knowne by miserable experience to most Christians , the substance of whole Cities and Islands hath beene involved into her Gulfe ; nor is she alone enriched by these ; but also by all sorts of goods which they take , and sell to Christians and Jewes , Merchants , for ready money ; excessive riches they get by Captives , exacting from them great ransomes ; the poorest & which of themselves have nothing , of the Spanish Nation , are usually redeemed in a thousand shillings ; and for Genowayes , if under 22. yeares of age , the Signiors of Tobarco are obleiged to free them to a hundred pound sterling ; nor doth there want diligence in them to performe and effect their inlargements , it is anniversary ; for the Spanyard by collections , called amongst them Lemossena , to infranchise 3. or 4. hundred men , and for ready moneys payed in peeces of eight : besides , her yearely tributes , which they get from the Allarbies , not being lesse than 200000. pound sterling , insomuch that she is an Indies or minerall , for that of all that is brought into her , none is carried out againe ; as for corne and other necessaries , which obleiges the life of man , the Citizens have all the land of many dayes Journey of their owne , so that they having ingrossed so great a part of the Country , they doe not onely furnish themselves with provisions , but also with money which they get of the neighbouring Allarbies for provision ; and surely for oyle , figges , and the like , which the Cabills of the Kingdome of Cookose brings them , they leave the principall , and product for trivall commodities , which their indocible capacities cannot furnish themselves with , and for what commodities are brought thither from Mercellies and Legorne , in way of trade they leave all behinde them , and brings much money also , whose comming thither is onely for redeeming Captives , and buying reprisall goods . Thus have I accomplished the Capitals , and given a true relation of that flourishing Citie , whose onely rich stones , Dyamonds and Pearles is sufficient to answere the charge of that Navie and Armie that shall be sent to Conquer her ; besides what fetters of gold , gold chaines and the like are dayly to be seene in her streetes , it being so popularly knowne , I neede not speake of : as for her riches , in present coyne of plate and gold , I have sufficiently demonstrated to satisfie any reasonable Judgement . Oh that I might live to be an actour in a Marshall way , to see her Conquest , they feare none so much as our English Nation , neither is it difficult or doubtfull , with a good fleete of shippes , and an Armie , of 30000. Souldiers on Land to plucke downe her pride , she having many enemies within her , and enough to effect her ruine ; and most of all , her oppressions , and sinnes , which cry to the heavens for Judgement against her ; so having ended with that Citie I thinke it also requisite to nominate the Equipage of the Basshaw , or their Vice-King , which I omitted to intermixe with the other Officers of the Duana , because they have no voyce in their Councell nor Command in the Citie ; and to speake truth , the onely priviledge the Bassha has , is that he hath power over the Moores of the Citie , in matter of Justice , yet tollerated by the Duana , to exact great summes of money from them , the better to inable him to give them their pay . Of the Bassha his Officers and Retinue . THe Bassha must be a Renegado , bred in the great Turkes Suray or Court . His Kaia or Treasurer , his second , a Renegado to some Visscere in Turkie . His Allimene or Receiver , and is for Maritane affaires , an inferiour Renegado . His Hoossiea or Secretary , and may be of either sort Turke or Renegatha . His Chamberlaine , and by the Grand Signiors command must be a naturall Turke . His Agga or Captaine of his Horse , a Renegado . His Tollope or Priest must be a Naturall Turke . His Chillabies or Gentlemen attendants , and are all Renegathes , boyes of finest beauty and comelinesse . 6. Player on Cornets , and 2. Sackbuts , Renegathes . 4. Players on kettle-Drums , Nigars . 40. Sollackes appointed by the Duana , for his Guard gives dayly attendance at his Pallace gate , and are of the oldest Odabasshes , or Corporals of the Councell . His Guardian over his Christians slaves , a Rogue of the Moorish Nation , and 2. other Nigars . 26. Chousses or Serjants to Arrest men indebted , provided they be Moores , for that a Souldier may not be imprisoned for debt ; and these Serjants are all Moores Natives of the Country ; the rest of his houshould as Cookes Scollions and the like are Christian slaves . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A04907e-380 Bable-●eight Castle Emperours Castle . Ta●c●ine Castle .