A defence of the Scots settlement at Darien with an answer to the Spanish memorial against it, and arguments to prove that it is the interest of England to join with the Scots and protect it : to which is added a description of the countrey, and a particular account of the Scots colony.
         Philo-Caledon.
      
       
         
           1699
        
      
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         A40373
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         ESTC R18505
         12112069
         ocm 12112069
         54217
         
           
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             A defence of the Scots settlement at Darien with an answer to the Spanish memorial against it, and arguments to prove that it is the interest of England to join with the Scots and protect it : to which is added a description of the countrey, and a particular account of the Scots colony.
             Philo-Caledon.
             Ridpath, George, d. 1726.
             Fletcher, Andrew, 1655-1716.
             Foyer, Archibald.
          
           [4], 60 p.
           
             s.n.],
             [S.l. :
             1699.
          
           
             Dedication signed: Philo Caledon.
             "According to a manuscript note in the librarian's copy for the Catalogue of the New College Library (Edin. 1868), the author is Archibald Foyer" -- Scott, J. Bibl. of ... the Darien Company, 1904, p. 22.
             Also attributed to George Ridpath and Andrew Fletcher. Cf. Sabin, Bibl. Amer.; Halkett & Laing, 2nd ed.; BM.
             Reproduction of original in Columbia University Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Darien Scots' Colony, 1698-1700.
           Panama -- Colonization.
           Panama -- Discovery and exploration.
           Scotland -- History -- 1689-1745.
           Scotland -- Commercial policy.
        
      
    
     
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           A
           DEFENCE
           OF
           THE
           SCOTS
           
             Settlement
             at
             DARIEN
          
           .
           WITH
           An
           Answer
           to
           the
           Spanish
           MEMORIAL
           against
           it
           .
           AND
           ARGUMENTS
           to
           prove
           ,
           That
           it
           is
           the
           Interest
           of
           ENGLAND
           to
           join
           with
           the
           SCOTS
           ,
           and
           protect
           it
           .
           To
           which
           is
           added
           A
           DESCRIPTION
           of
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           a
           particular
           Account
           of
           the
           SCOTS
           Colony
           .
        
         
           Printed
           in
           the
           Year
           ,
           M.
           DC
           .
           XC
           .
           IX
           .
        
      
       
         
         
         
           TO
           THE
           KING'S
           Most
           Excellent
           Majesty
           .
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
        
         
           THE
           Interest
           you
           have
           in
           the
           flourishing
           of
           Your
           Antient
           Kingdom
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           whose
           Crown
           is
           transmitted
           to
           You
           by
           an
           Hundred
           and
           eleven
           of
           your
           Ancestors
           ,
           without
           ever
           having
           been
           on
           the
           Head
           of
           a
           Forraigner
           ,
           emboldens
           the
           Author
           to
           lay
           the
           following
           Sheets
           at
           your
           Majesties
           Feet
           .
        
         
           The
           design
           of
           them
           is
           to
           vindicate
           the
           Settlement
           of
           the
           Scots
           in
           Darien
           ,
           and
           Your
           Majesties
           Justice
           in
           protecting
           them
           ,
           against
           the
           Oblique
           Aspersions
           which
           are
           cast
           upon
           it
           in
           the
           Spanish
           Memorial
           .
        
         
           The
           Soveraignty
           of
           the
           Crown
           of
           Scotland
           hath
           alwise
           been
           held
           Sacred
           by
           our
           Ancestors
           ,
           who
           never
           were
           sparing
           of
           their
           Blood
           to
           defend
           it
           either
           from
           the
           Invasion
           of
           Foreigners
           ,
           or
           the
           mean
           Compliance
           of
           some
           few
           of
           our
           Princes
           that
           were
           unworthie
           to
           wear
           it
           ;
           and
           therefore
           were
           either
           totally
           excluded
           from
           it
           ,
           as
           the
           Family
           of
           Baliol
           ,
           or
           oblig'd
           to
           reassert
           its
           Right
           when
           rescu'd
           out
           of
           the
           Hands
           of
           their
           Enemies
           ,
           as
           happen'd
           to
           our
           
             William
             I.
          
           and
           
             James
             I.
          
           
        
         
           Providence
           having
           now
           plac'd
           it
           on
           the
           Head
           of
           Your
           Majesty
           ,
           whose
           Heroic
           Courage
           is
           known
           to
           all
           the
           World
           ,
           our
           Nation
           should
           be
           unjust
           to
           Your
           Character
           to
           expect
           any
           thing
           less
           than
           that
           our
           Crown
           ,
           which
           You
           receiv'd
           free
           and
           independent
           from
           Your
           Ancestors
           ,
           should
           be
           transmitted
           by
           You
           with
           greater
           Advantages
           than
           ever
           to
           Your
           Successors
           .
        
         
           Therefore
           it
           is
           ,
           Great
           Sir
           ,
           that
           a
           privat
           Subject
           of
           your
           Antient
           Kingdom
           takes
           the
           holdness
           to
           vindicate
           the
           Soveraignty
           and
           Dignity
           of
           Your
           Crown
           as
           Kings
           of
           Scots
           ,
           and
           to
           put
           such
           as
           are
           Enemies
           to
           it
           in
           mind
           ,
           that
           when
           
             Edward
             I
          
           ,
           and
           II.
           of
           England
           invaded
           it
           ,
           the
           Scotish
           Nation
           did
           gallantly
           defend
           it
           ,
           advanced
           
             Robert
             Bruce
          
           to
           the
           
           Exclusion
           of
           Baliol
           the
           nearest
           Heir
           ,
           and
           acquainted
           the
           Princes
           of
           Christendom
           that
           they
           did
           so
           in
           defence
           of
           their
           Independency
           ;
           adding
           that
           they
           would
           expel
           
             Robert
             Bruce
          
           ,
           if
           he
           offered
           to
           betray
           their
           Liberty
           ,
           and
           would
           never
           subject
           their
           Crown
           to
           that
           of
           England
           ,
           whilst
           there
           were
           
             100
             Scots
             men
          
           alive
           .
        
         
           This
           being
           the
           fundamental
           Constitution
           of
           our
           Government
           ,
           and
           the
           Condition
           on
           which
           that
           Prince
           and
           his
           Successors
           were
           admitted
           to
           Our
           Crown
           ;
           they
           can
           in
           no
           wise
           be
           look'd
           upon
           as
           Friends
           to
           your
           Majesties
           Dignitie
           as
           King
           of
           Scots
           ,
           who
           call
           in
           question
           what
           You
           enact
           in
           the
           Parliament
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           or
           that
           offer
           to
           traverse
           it
           by
           contrary
           Proclamations
           .
        
         
           We
           are
           Your
           Majesties
           Subjects
           as
           well
           as
           our
           Neighbours
           ,
           and
           have
           an
           equal
           Right
           to
           share
           your
           Protection
           ,
           which
           its
           hop'd
           they
           will
           at
           last
           be
           convinc'd
           it
           is
           their
           Interest
           to
           agree
           to
           in
           relation
           to
           our
           American
           Settlement
           .
        
         
           Your
           Majesty's
           Paternal
           Affection
           to
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Scorland
           ,
           hath
           discover'd
           it self
           in
           many
           Instances
           :
           nor
           is
           it
           to
           be
           desired
           or
           expected
           by
           our
           Nation
           ,
           that
           it
           should
           any
           way
           interfere
           with
           the
           like
           Care
           and
           Affection
           ,
           which
           is
           owing
           to
           our
           Brethren
           of
           England
           ;
           but
           there
           is
           no
           reason
           that
           they
           should
           enjoy
           a
           Freedom
           of
           Trade
           throughout
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           that
           we
           should
           be
           denied
           it
           .
        
         
           ●…our
           Majesty
           in
           yo●…r
           Gracious
           Proposals
           os
           an
           Union
           ,
           gave
           sufficient
           Evidence
           of
           a
           Fatherly
           Concern
           for
           both
           Nations
           .
           Thereforo
           as
           it
           hath
           pleased
           GOD
           to
           make
           You
           the
           Glorious
           Instrument
           of
           our
           Common
           Deliverance
           ▪
           that
           He
           would
           also
           make
           you
           the
           happy
           Instrument
           of
           our
           Inseparable
           Union
           ,
           and
           after
           a
           long
           Reign
           here
           ,
           Crown
           You
           with
           Everlasting
           Glory
           hereafter
           ,
           is
           the
           sincere
           and
           ardent
           Prayer
           of
        
         
           
             Your
             Majesty's
             Loyal
             and
             Affectionate
             Subject
             ,
             
               Philo
               Caledon
            
             .
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           A
           DEFENCE
           of
           the
           Settlement
           of
           the
           SCOTS
           on
           the
           Isthmus
           of
           DARIEN
           in
           America
           With
           Arguments
           to
           prove
           ,
           That
           it
           is
           the
           Interest
           of
           England
           to
           join
           with
           them
           ,
           and
           to
           protect
           them
           in
           that
           Colony
           .
        
         
           THE
           Heads
           propos'd
           to
           be
           insisted
           upon
           in
           the
           following
           Sheers
           ,
           ar●…
           ,
           
             The
             Legality
             of
             the
          
           SCOTS
           
             Establishment
             ,
             The
             Advantage
             or
             Disadvantage
             that
             may
             redound
             from
             it
             to
          
           England
           :
           
             Whether
             the
          
           Scots
           
             without
             the
             Assistance
             of
             the
          
           English
           
             may
             be
             able
             to
             maintain
             their
             footing
             in
          
           America
           ;
           
             and
             what
             ,
             may
             probably
             be
             the
             Consequences
             ,
             if
             the
          
           Scots
           
             should
             be
             oppos'd
             therein
             by
             the
          
           English
           ,
           
             and
             miscarry
             in
             the
             Undertaking
          
           .
        
         
           The
           chief
           Objections
           against
           the
           Legality
           of
           their
           Establishment
           ,
           ari●…e
           from
           the
           Memorial
           delivered
           in
           against
           it
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           by
           the
           Ambassad
           or
           Extraordinary
           of
           
             Spain
             ,
             May
          
           3
           ,
           1699.
           
           O
           ,
           S
           ,
           as
           follows
           :
        
         
           
             THE
             Under-Subscriber
             ,
             Ambassador
             Extraordinary
             from
             his
             Catholick
             Majestie
             ,
             finds
             himself
             oblig'd
             by
             express
             Orders
             ,
             to
             represent
             to
             your
             Majesty
             ,
             that
             the
             King
             his
             Master
             having
             receiv'd
             Information
             from
             different
             places
             ,
             and
             last
             of
             all
             from
             the
             Governor
             of
             Havana
             ,
             of
             the
             In●…ult
             and
             Attempt
             of
             some
             Scots
             Ships
             ,
             equip'd
             with
             Men
             and
             other
             things
             requisit
             ,
             who
             design
             to
             settle
             themselves
             in
             his
             Majestres
             Soveraign
             Demains
             in
             America
             ,
             and
             particularly
             the
             Province
             of
             Darien
             .
             His
             Majesty
             receiv'd
             those
             Advices
             with
             very
             much
             difcontent
             ,
             and
             looks
             upon
             the
             same
             as
             a
             Token
             of
             small
             Friendship
             ,
             and
             as
             a
             Rupture
             of
             the
             Alliance
             betwixt
             the
             two
             Crowns
             (
             which
             his
             Majesty
             hath
             observed
             hitherto
             ,
             and
             alwayes
             observes
             
             very
             religiously
             ,
             and
             from
             which
             so
             many
             Advantages
             and
             profits
             hath
             resulted
             both
             to
             your
             Majesty
             and
             you●…
             Subjects
             )
             as
             a
             Consequence
             of
             which
             good
             Correspondence
             ,
             his
             Majestie
             did
             not
             expect
             such
             sudden
             Insults
             and
             Attempts
             by
             your
             Majesties
             Subjects
             ,
             and
             that
             too
             in
             a
             time
             of
             Peace
             ,
             without
             pretext
             (
             or
             any
             Cause
             )
             in
             the
             very
             heart
             o●…
             his
             Demains
             .
          
           
             All
             that
             the
             King
             desires
             ,
             is
             ,
             That
             this
             may
             be
             represented
             to
             your
             Majesty
             ,
             and
             that
             your
             Majesty
             may
             be
             acquainted
             ,
             that
             he
             is
             very
             sensible
             of
             such
             Hostilities
             and
             unjust
             Procedures
             ,
             against
             which
             his
             Majesty
             will
             take
             such
             Measures
             as
             he
             thinks
             convenient
             .
          
        
         
           Given
           at
           London
           ,
           May
           ●…
           .
           1699.
           
        
         
           It
           were
           easie
           to
           make
           proper
           Remarks
           upon
           the
           Weakness
           ,
           Insolence
           and
           ingratitude
           of
           this
           Memorial
           ,
           but
           it
           is
           not
           worth
           while
           ;
           all
           the
           World
           knows
           what
           the
           Crown
           of
           Spain
           ows
           to
           his
           Majesty
           of
           
             Great
             Britain
          
           ;
           and
           therefore
           a
           more
           civil
           Application
           might
           reasonably
           have
           been
           expected
           to
           a
           Prince
           ,
           who
           hath
           not
           only
           saved
           the
           Netherlands
           ,
           but
           prevented
           his
           Catholick
           Majesty
           from
           being
           insulted
           on
           his
           Throne
           at
           Madrid
           .
           But
           these
           things
           we
           pass
           over
           ,
           and
           come
           to
           the
           chief
           point
           in
           the
           Memorial
           ,
           which
           is
           ,
           
             That
             the
          
           Scots
           
             have
             posted
             themselves
             in
             the
             King
             of
          
           Spain
           '
           
             s
             Demains
             in
          
           America
           ,
           
             contrary
             to
             the
             Allyance
             betwixt
             the
             two
             Crowns
             .
          
           If
           this
           be
           proved
           to
           be
           ●…alse
           ,
           then
           the
           cause
           of
           the
           Complaint
           ceases
           ,
           and
           his
           Majesty
           of
           
             Great
             Britain
          
           hath
           reason
           to
           demand
           Satisfaction
           for
           the
           Affront
           offered
           thereby
           to
           his
           Justice
           and
           Soveraignty
           .
        
         
           To
           prove
           the
           falshood
           of
           the
           Allegation
           ,
           That
           the
           Province
           of
           Darien
           is
           part
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Spains
           Demains
           :
           It
           is
           positively
           denied
           by
           the
           SCOTS
           ,
           who
           challenge
           the
           Spaniards
           to
           prove
           their
           Right
           to
           the
           said
           Province
           ,
           either
           by
           
             Inheritance
             ,
             M●…rriage
             ,
             Donation
             ,
             Purchase
             ,
             Reversion
             ,
             Surrender
          
           or
           Conquest
           ;
           which
           being
           the
           only
           Titles
           by
           which
           they
           or
           any
           other
           People
           can
           claim
           a
           Right
           to
           those
           or
           any
           other
           Dominions
           ,
           if
           the
           Spaniards
           cannot
           make
           out
           their
           Right
           by
           those
           of
           any
           of
           those
           ,
           their
           Claim
           must
           of
           consequence
           be
           null
           and
           void
           .
        
         
         
           It
           is
           evident
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           cannot
           pretend
           a
           Tittle
           to
           that
           Countrey
           by
           Inheritance
           ,
           Marti●…
           ,
           or
           the
           Donation
           of
           Prince
           and
           People
           ;
           and
           as
           to
           Conquest
           it
           would
           be
           ridiculous
           to
           alleadge
           it
           ;
           since
           the
           Dariens
           are
           in
           actual
           possession
           of
           their
           Liberty
           ,
           and
           were
           never
           subdued
           ,
           nor
           receiv'd
           ●…ny
           Spanish
           Governor
           or
           Garison
           amongst
           them
           .
           Nay
           ,
           they
           were
           so
           far
           from
           it
           ,
           that
           
             Wafer
             ,
             Dampier
          
           ,
           and
           others
           that
           have
           wrote
           of
           that
           Countrey
           ,
           do
           all
           agree
           that
           they
           mortally
           hate
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           were
           in
           War
           with
           them
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           had
           no
           Commerce
           with
           those
           Indians
           ,
           nor
           command
           over
           them
           in
           all
           the
           North
           side
           of
           the
           Isthmus
           a
           little
           beyond
           
             Porto
             Bello
          
           .
           *
        
         
           Capt.
           Sharp
           in
           the
           Journal
           of
           his
           Expedition
           ,
           published
           in
           Cap●…
           
           Hacke's
           Collection
           of
           Voyages
           ,
           gives
           an
           account
           ,
           that
           in
           1680
           he
           landed
           at
           
             Golden
             Island
          
           with
           330
           Men
           ,
           and
           being
           joyn'd
           by
           one
           of
           the
           Darien
           Princes
           ,
           whom
           they
           call'd
           Emperor
           ,
           and
           another
           to
           whom
           they
           gave
           the
           Tittle
           of
           
             King
             Golden
             ▪
             Cap
          
           ,
           with
           some
           hundreds
           of
           their
           Men
           ,
           took
           
             Sancta
             Maria
          
           ,
           attempted
           Panama
           ,
           and
           made
           prize
           of
           several
           Spanish
           Ships
           ;
           which
           is
           the
           more
           remarkable
           ,
           because
           Capt.
           Sharp
           was
           afterwards
           tryed
           in
           England
           for
           Robbery
           and
           piracy
           on
           this
           very
           Account
           ,
           but
           acquitted
           because
           of
           his
           Commission
           from
           those
           Darien
           Princes
           :
           which
           is
           a
           plain
           Demonstration
           that
           the
           Government
           of
           England
           did
           then
           look
           upon
           Darein
           to
           be
           no
           way
           subject
           to
           Spain
           ,
           whateve●…
           some
           who
           are
           Enemies
           to
           the
           SCOTS
           ,
           do
           now
           say
           against
           the
           Legality
           of
           their
           Settlement
           in
           that
           Country
           .
           This
           same
           Expedition
           against
           the
           Spaniards
           by
           assistance
           of
           the
           
             Darien
             Indians
          
           is
           confirm'd
           by
           Mr.
           Dampier
           in
           his
           Introduction
           to
           his
           
             New
             Voyage
             round
             the
             World.
          
           And
           the
           ●…p
           of
           Chiapa
           a
           Prelate
           of
           their
           own
           ,
           in
           his
           
             Relation
             of
             the
          
           Spanish
           
             Voyages
             an●…
             Cruelties
             in
             the
          
           West-Indies
           .
           p
           217.
           owns
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           had
           no
           Title
           to
           the
           Americans
           ,
           as
           their
           Subjects
           ,
           by
           right
           of
           Inheritance
           ,
           Purchase
           ,
           o●…
           Conquest
           .
        
         
         
           We
           have
           likewise
           a
           large
           Account
           ,
           and
           a
           full
           Confirmation
           of
           the
           War
           and
           perpetual
           Enmity
           betwixt
           the
           Dariens
           and
           the
           Spaniards
           in
           the
           History
           of
           the
           Buccaneers
           of
           
             America
             ,
             Vol.
             2.
             
             Part
          
           4.
           wrote
           by
           
             Basil
             Ringrose
          
           ,
           who
           was
           one
           of
           their
           Company
           .
           There
           he
           in●…orms
           us
           that
           the
           Indians
           of
           Darien
           ,
           and
           the
           Spaniards
           are
           commonly
           at
           War
           with
           one
           another
           ;
           and
           that
           the
           Buccaneers
           were
           invited
           into
           that
           Countrey
           ,
           and
           join'd
           by
           the
           Darien
           Princes
           ,
           Capt.
           Andrea●…
           ,
           Captain
           Antonio
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           of
           Darien
           ,
           who
           assisted
           th●…m
           in
           the
           taking
           of
           
             Sancta
             Maria
          
           ,
           au●…
           their
           Attempt
           upon
           ●…anama
           ;
           and
           the
           King
           whose
           Daughter
           the
           Spaniards
           had
           stole
           away
           ,
           promised
           to
           join
           the
           Buccaneers
           with
           50000
           Men.
           This
           is
           the
           more
           remarkable
           ,
           because
           those
           very
           Princes
           ,
           or
           their
           Successors
           are
           now
           in
           League
           with
           the
           Scots
           ,
           and
           have
           joyfully
           receiv'd
           them
           into
           their
           Countrey
           .
           So
           that
           it
           is
           the
           strangest
           Imposition
           that
           can
           be
           put
           upon
           any
           Nation
           ,
           and
           one
           of
           the
           most
           audacious
           affronts
           that
           ever
           was
           put
           upon
           so
           Great
           a
           Prince
           as
           K
           William
           ,
           for
           the
           Spaniards
           to
           pretend
           a
           Right
           to
           Darien
           ,
           and
           accuse
           him
           of
           a
           B●…each
           of
           the
           Peace
           ,
           because
           a
           Colony
           of
           his
           Subjects
           have
           settled
           themselves
           there
           ;
           when
           it
           is
           so
           well
           known
           to
           the
           World
           that
           the
           Crown
           of
           Spain
           has
           no
           manner
           of
           Title
           to
           that
           Province
           .
        
         
           Then
           as
           to
           any
           Claim
           by
           virtue
           of
           Possession
           ,
           the
           Spaniards
           have
           no●…
           the
           least
           gr●…und
           of
           Plea
           :
           All
           they
           can
           alledge
           on
           this
           head
           is
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           once
           admitted
           by
           the
           consent
           of
           Capt.
           Diego
           ,
           another
           of
           the
           Darien
           Princes
           ,
           to
           work
           on
           some
           Golden
           Mines
           ,
           within
           15
           Leagues
           ,
           or
           thereabouts
           ,
           of
           the
           SCOTS
           Settlement
           :
           But
           it
           is
           plain
           that
           this
           makes
           nothing
           for
           their
           purpose
           .
           That
           Prince
           admitted
           them
           only
           as
           Labourers
           ,
           but
           not
           as
           Proprietors
           ;
           and
           when
           they
           broke
           the
           Con●…itions
           on
           which
           they
           were
           admitted
           ,
           viz
           :
           to
           allow
           the
           Dariens
           such
           and
           such
           Shares
           of
           the
           Product
           ,
           they
           were
           expell'd
           again
           by
           forc●…
           ;
           and
           ever
           since
           that
           time
           the
           Dariens
           refuse
           to
           have
           any
           further
           dealings
           with
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           who
           made
           themselves
           odious
           to
           them
           by
           their
           Treachery
           
           and
           Insolence
           :
           So
           that
           Mr.
           Wafer
           tells
           us
           pag.
           133.
           they
           allow
           a
           distinguishing
           Mark
           of
           Honour
           to
           him
           who
           has
           kill'd
           ●…
           Spaniard
           :
           and
           pag.
           179.
           that
           Lacenta
           one
           of
           the
           chief
           of
           the
           Darien
           Princes
           ,
           did
           in
           his
           converse
           with
           him
           ,
           express
           his
           Sense
           and
           Resentment
           of
           the
           havock
           made
           by
           the
           Spaniards
           in
           the
           West
           of
           America
           ,
           at
           their
           first
           coming
           thither
           .
        
         
           It
           remains
           then
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           can
           lay
           no
           other
           claim
           to
           Darien
           but
           what
           they
           plead
           
             from
             the
             Pope's
             general
             Grant
             of
          
           America
           ,
           
             its
             being
             bounded
             by
             their
             Dominions
             ,
             and
             the
             Treaties
             with
          
           England
           .
           which
           shall
           be
           considered
           in
           their
           Order
           .
        
         
           To
           urge
           the
           Pope's
           Grant
           amongst
           Protestants
           is
           ridicolous
           ,
           and
           amongst
           Papists
           themselves
           but
           precarious
           :
           but
           adm●…tting
           it
           were
           sufficient
           to
           justifie
           their
           Title
           ,
           it
           is
           easie
           to
           prove
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           have
           forf●…ited
           all
           the
           Right
           that
           they
           can
           claim
           by
           virtue
           of
           that
           Grant.
           
        
         
           The
           Church
           o●…
           Rome
           will
           not
           publickly
           own
           her
           power
           to
           grant
           a
           Right
           of
           Conquest
           ,
           but
           in
           order
           to
           propagate
           the
           Faith
           ,
           and
           not
           that
           neither
           ,
           except
           the
           Infidel
           Prince
           or
           People
           be
           guilty
           of
           a
           breach
           of
           Treaty
           .
           So
           that
           the
           Pope's
           Grant
           with
           these
           Restrictions
           is
           so
           far
           from
           establishing
           the
           Title
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           that
           it
           plainly
           overth●…ows
           it
           .
        
         
           That
           the
           Indians
           were
           committed
           to
           the
           Spaniards
           by
           Pope
           Alexander
           the
           VI.
           on
           condition
           that
           they
           should
           teach
           them
           the
           Christian
           Religion
           ,
           is
           proved
           by
           
             Don
             Bartholomew
             de
             las
             Casas
          
           Bishop
           of
           
             Chi●…pa
             ,
             iu
             his
             Account
             of
             the
             first
             Voyages
             and
             Discoveries
             made
             by
             the
          
           Spaniards
           in
           America
           ,
           
             and
             the
             Relation
             of
             their
             unparallel
             a
             Cruelties
             ,
          
           p.
           165.
           and
           there
           he
           likewise
           owns
           ,
           
             that
             their
             acquitting
             themselves
             so
             ill
             of
             that
             Commission
             ,
             they
             ought
             to
             make
             Restitution
             of
             all
             they
             have
             taken
             from
             them
             under
             this
             pret●…xt
             .
          
           And
           pag.
           200
           ,
           he
           charges
           them
           with
           breach
           of
           the
           Terms
           prescrib'd
           by
           the
           Apostolical
           Brief
           ,
           tho
           Queen
           
             Isabella
             ▪
          
           to
           whom
           it
           was
           granted
           earnestly
           entreated
           them
           to
           keep
           exactly
           to
           it
           .
           P.
           218.
           he
           says
           that
           the
           Title
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           to
           the
           
           
             Indians
             ▪
          
           is
           ●…ounded
           only
           on
           the
           Obligation
           he
           h●…d
           taken
           upo●…
           himsel●…
           to
           instruct
           them
           in
           the
           true
           Faith
           ,
           as
           appears
           by
           the
           Apostolick
           B●…ief
           :
           which
           they
           w●…re
           so
           far
           from
           performing
           ,
           that
           instead
           of
           converting
           their
           Sou●…s
           ,
           they
           destroyed
           their
           Bodies
           ,
           having
           in
           those
           early
           dayes
           ,
           viz
           :
           In
           the
           time
           o●…
           the
           Emperor
           Cha●…les
           V.
           mu●…dered
           above
           40
           Millions
           of
           them
           ;
           and
           ●…ook
           so
           little
           care
           to
           〈◊〉
           them
           in
           the
           Christian
           Religion
           ,
           that
           they
           perfectly
           obst●…ucted
           their
           Conversion
           ,
           and
           sold
           those
           very
           Idol●…
           that
           some
           of
           the
           poor
           people
           had
           〈◊〉
           away
           with
           abhorrence
           ,
           to
           o●…her
           of
           the
           
             Indians
             ;
             ibid
             ▪
          
           p
           ▪
           194.
           which
           ,
           together
           with
           ●…heir
           〈◊〉
           horrid
           〈◊〉
           ,
           c●…eated
           an
           aversion
           in
           ●…hose
           poor
           Infid●…ls
           fo●…
           Heaven
           it self
           ;
           according
           to
           the
           known
           Story
           of
           Hathwey
           an
           ●…ndian
           Prince
           ,
           
             ibid.
             p.
          
           21.
           
           
             wh●…
             being
             fast'ned
             to
             ▪
             a
             S●…ake
             ▪
             by
             the
             Spaniards
             in
             o●…der
             to
             be
             burnt
             ,
             ●…or
             no
             other
             Crime
             but
             〈◊〉
             to
             defend
             himself
             and
             his
             ●…ubjects
             against
             their
             〈◊〉
             ,
             ask't
             a
             Fria●…
             that
             was
             discoursing
             to
             ▪
             him
             of
             Heaven
             ,
             promising
             him
             Eternal
             Happines●…
             there
             ▪
             if
             he
             would
             believe
             ,
             and
             threatning
             him
             with
             Hell
             if
             he
             did
             not
             ,
             whether
             Heaven
             was
             opened
             to
             the
             Spaniards
             ;
             answer'd
             that
             it
             was
             to
             such
             of
             t●…em
             as
             were
             good
             ,
             replied
             immediatly
             that
             h●…
             would
             not
             go
             thither
             ,
             fo●…
             fear
             of
             meeting
             such
             Cruel
             and
             wicked
             Company
             as
             they
             were
             ,
             but
             would
             much
             ●…ather
             chuse
             to
             go
             to
             Hell
             ,
             where
             he
             might
             be
             Deliver'd
             from
             the
             troublesome
             sight
             o●…
             such
             kind
             of
             People
             .
          
           So
           that
           their
           forfeiture
           of
           all
           Right
           or
           Title
           to
           Darien
           ,
           by
           the
           Pope's
           G●…ant
           ,
           if
           it
           were
           of
           any
           validity
           ,
           is
           plainly
           demonstrated
           .
        
         
           Their
           next
           Plea
           is
           ,
           that
           Darien
           is
           bounded
           or
           inclosed
           by
           their
           Dominions
           ,
           Viz.
           by
           Portobello
           and
           Carthagena
           ,
           with
           ●…heir
           Territories
           on
           the
           No●…th
           ,
           and
           Panama
           and
           
             Sancta
             Maria
          
           on
           the
           South
           .
           To
           this
           it
           is
           Answered
           ,
           that
           Darien
           is
           bounded
           only
           by
           ●…he
           Sea
           on
           both
           sides
           ,
           without
           so
           much
           as
           a
           Spanish
           Fort
           or
           Garrison
           ,
           from
           
             Nombre
             de
             Dios
          
           ,
           to
           the
           Gulf
           of
           Darien
           on
           the
           North
           Sea
           ,
           or
           ●…rom
           the
           River
           of
           Chepo
           ,
           to
           the
           River
           of
           Cong●…
           on
           the
           South
           
           Sea.
           The
           Territories
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           confining
           on
           bo
           th
           end
           of
           the
           Isthmus
           are
           not
           unlimited
           ,
           but
           are
           restricted
           on
           both
           sides
           by
           the
           Dariens
           ,
           who
           ,
           as
           has
           been
           already
           said
           ,
           were
           never
           subject
           to
           Spain
           .
           Nor
           is
           it
           any
           new
           thing
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           for
           independent
           Soveraignty
           s
           to
           ly
           inclos'd
           within
           the
           Dominions
           of
           other
           Princes
           ,
           to
           instance
           in
           no
           more
           than
           Orange
           and
           Avignon
           in
           
             Europe
             ,
             Ceuta
             ,
             Metilla
          
           .
           &c.
           possessed
           by
           the
           Spaniards
           themselves
           in
           Africk
           ,
           which
           lye
           in
           the
           very
           bosome
           of
           Morocco
           ,
           and
           yet
           the
           Spaniards
           don't
           think
           their
           Title
           to
           them
           e're
           a
           whit
           the
           worse
           .
           The
           Dutch
           and
           Portugueze
           have
           both
           of
           them
           Settlements
           on
           the
           Coast
           of
           Brasil
           ,
           to
           which
           the
           Spaniards
           pretend
           a
           Right
           .
           The
           French
           have
           settlements
           in
           Hispaniola
           and
           Guiana
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           Neighbour-hood
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           .
           The
           English
           and
           French
           have
           both
           of
           'em
           Plantations
           in
           Newfoundland
           .
           The
           Dutch
           in
           time
           of
           Peace
           settled
           in
           
             Long
             Island
          
           ,
           in
           the
           middle
           of
           the
           English
           Plantations
           ,
           yet
           no
           War
           ensued
           upon
           it
           .
           The
           English
           Plantations
           themselves
           of
           Bahama
           Islands
           ,
           tho
           the
           Spanish
           Fleet
           passed
           betwixt
           them
           and
           Florida
           :
           And
           the
           English
           have
           several
           times
           settled
           at
           Port-Royal
           in
           Campechy
           Bay
           ,
           to
           cut
           Loggwood
           ,
           &c.
           and
           remov'd
           and
           settled
           as
           they
           found
           Convenient
           .
           K.
           Charles
           II
           ▪
           in
           time
           of
           Peace
           granted
           a
           Patent
           to
           Mr.
           Cox
           ,
           to
           settle
           a
           Colonie
           in
           the
           Bay
           of
           Mexico
           ,
           which
           was
           never
           Question'd
           by
           the
           Spaniards
           :
           And
           the
           French
           have
           now
           since
           the
           Conclusion
           of
           the
           last
           Peace
           ,
           planted
           a
           Colony
           on
           the
           River
           Mississipi
           in
           that
           same
           Bay
           ;
           against
           which
           we
           hear
           of
           no
           Complaints
           from
           
             Madrid
             ▪
          
           So
           that
           the
           Plea
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           from
           this
           Topick
           is
           perfectly
           overturn'd
           by
           Common
           Practice
           ,
           the
           Law
           of
           Nations
           ,
           and
           their
           own
           Concessions
           in
           parallel
           Cases
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           Plea
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           is
           from
           the
           Treaties
           betwixt
           them
           and
           the
           Crown
           of
           Great
           Britain
           ,
           of
           which
           they
           alledge
           the
           Settlement
           of
           the
           Scots
           at
           Darien
           to
           be
           a
           Breach
           ,
           But
           that
           there
           's
           no
           Ground
           for
           this
           Allegation
           .
           will
           appear
           to
           those
           that
           peruse
           the
           said
           .
           Treaties
           ,
           viz.
           That
           of
           May
           23
           1667.
           and
           that
           of
           July
           1670
           ,
           wherein
           there
           's
           not
           the
           least
           Mention
           of
           Excluding
           
           either
           Party
           from
           enlarging
           their
           Dominions
           in
           Ameriea
           ,
           upon
           Wastes
           ,
           or
           by
           consent
           of
           the
           Natives
           ,
           in
           such
           places
           as
           have
           never
           yet
           been
           possest
           by
           Spain
           or
           
             Great
             Britain
          
           .
           So
           that
           all
           that
           can
           be
           infe●…'d
           from
           those
           Treaties
           ,
           is
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           a
           mutu●…l
           security
           for
           the
           peaceable
           possession
           of
           what
           each
           Crown
           enjoy'd
           in
           that
           Countrey
           .
           and
           no
           more
           ;
           which
           is
           sufficiently
           confirm'd
           by
           the
           Patent
           granted
           to
           Dr.
           Cox
           ,
           and
           the
           settling
           and
           removing
           of
           the
           English
           in
           Campechy
           Bay
           ,
           &c.
           without
           Controul
           ,
           as
           before
           mention'd
           .
        
         
           Having
           thus
           made
           it
           evident
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           have
           no
           manner
           of
           Title
           or
           Right
           to
           Darien
           ,
           it
           is
           Natural
           in
           the
           next
           place
           to
           shew
           that
           they
           themselves
           are
           guilty
           of
           the
           Breach
           of
           Treaty
           by
           proceeding
           in
           this
           Affair
           as
           they
           have
           done
           .
        
         
           By
           the
           third
           Article
           of
           the
           Treaty
           between
           the
           Crowns
           of
           
             Great
             Britain
          
           and
           
             Spain
             ▪
          
           concluded
           at
           
             Madrid
             May
          
           23.
           1667.
           it
           is
           provided
           ,
           
             That
             if
             any
             Injury
             shall
             be
             done
             by
             either
             of
             the
             said
             Kings
             ,
             or
             by
             the
             People
             or
             Subjects
             of
             either
             of
             them
             ,
             to
             the
             People
             or
             Subjects
             of
             the
             other
             ,
             against
             the
             Articles
             of
             that
             Alliance
             ,
             or
             against
             common
             Right
             ,
             there
             shall
             not
             therefore
             be
             given
             Letters
             of
             Reprisal
             ,
             Marque
             or
             Countermarque
             ,
             by
             any
             of
             the
             Confederates
             ,
             until
             such
             time
             as
             Justice
             is
             follow'd
             in
             the
             ordinary
             Course
             of
             Law.
          
           Yet
           the
           Spaniards
           without
           any
           such
           Procedure
           ,
           or
           offering
           in
           the
           least
           to
           prove
           their
           Title
           to
           Darien
           ,
           present
           a
           virulent
           and
           huffi●…g
           Memorial
           ,
           at
           the
           very
           first
           charging
           the
           King
           
             with
             want
             of
             Friendship
             ,
             and
             a
             Breach
             of
             Alliance
             ,
             and
             threatning
             to
             take
             such
             measures
             as
             they
             shall
             think
             meet
             :
          
           when
           their
           sickly
           Monarchy
           has
           not
           yet
           had
           time
           to
           breath
           ,
           since
           rescu'd
           from
           the
           common
           danger
           ,
           wherein
           Europe
           was
           involv'd
           ,
           by
           the
           Arms
           of
           that
           very
           Prince
           whom
           they
           treat
           so
           ungratefully
           .
        
         
           But
           this
           is
           not
           all
           ;
           for
           contrary
           to
           the
           express
           Words
           of
           that
           same
           Treaty
           ,
           they
           attack
           the
           Scots
           by
           Sea
           and
           Land
           ,
           who
           had
           done
           them
           no
           Injury
           ,
           but
           acquainted
           them
           that
           they
           came
           peaceably
           ,
           without
           any
           hostile
           design
           against
           them
           or
           any
           other
           People
           ;
           And
           
           were
           so
           generous
           as
           to
           reject
           the
           Motion
           of
           Capt.
           Andreas
           ,
           one
           of
           the
           Darien
           Princes
           ,
           and
           their
           Ally
           ,
           when
           he
           offered
           to
           make
           them
           Masters
           of
           Panama
           ,
           if
           they
           would
           but
           join
           him
           with
           500
           of
           their
           Men.
           
        
         
           The
           Spaniards
           have
           also
           ,
           contrary
           to
           the
           10th
           and
           11th
           Articles
           of
           the
           Treaty
           concluded
           at
           
             Madrid
             .
             July
          
           18
           1670
           ,
           concerning
           America
           ,
           detain'd
           the
           Scots
           and
           English
           Prisoners
           who
           were
           forc'd
           ashoar
           at
           Carthagena
           by
           Shipwrack
           ,
           tho
           all
           such
           practices
           be
           expresly
           provided
           against
           by
           the
           said
           Articles
           ;
           and
           they
           have
           also
           violated
           the
           14th
           Article
           of
           that
           Treaty
           ,
           which
           forbids
           Reprisals
           ,
           except
           in
           case
           of
           denying
           or
           unreasonably
           delaying
           Justice
           ,
           From
           all
           which
           it
           is
           evident
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           of
           
             Great
             Britain
          
           has
           just
           reason
           to
           demand
           Satisfaction
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           sor
           attacking
           his
           Subjects
           contrary
           to
           Treaty
           ;
           and
           that
           the
           SCOTS
           being
           thus
           injuriously
           treated
           ,
           may
           very
           lawfully
           ,
           not
           only
           make
           Reprisals
           upon
           the
           Spaniards
           for
           themselves
           ,
           but
           join
           with
           the
           King
           of
           Darien
           in
           taking
           
             Sancta
             Maria
             ,
             Panama
          
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           place
           helonging
           to
           the
           Spaniards
           in
           that
           Countrey
           ,
           of
           which
           the
           Dariens
           are
           Natural
           Lords
           ,
           and
           the
           Spaniards
           Tyrannical
           Usurpers
           ,
           as
           is
           pleaded
           by
           the
           King
           of
           Darien
           himself
           ;
           and
           therefore
           he
           invited
           the
           English
           Buccaneers
           to
           assist
           him
           to
           retake
           it
           :
           and
           by
           this
           Capt.
           Sawkins
           justified
           his
           proceedings
           in
           a
           Letter
           to
           the
           Governor
           of
           Panama
           ,
           asserting
           that
           the
           King
           of
           Darien
           was
           true
           Lord
           of
           Panama
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           Countrey
           thereabouts
           ;
           and
           that
           they
           came
           to
           assist
           him
           .
           
             History
             of
             Buccaneers
          
           ,
           Vol.
           2.
           part
           4.
           p.
           32.
           
           And
           we
           have
           mentioned
           before
           that
           Capt.
           Sharp
           ,
           who
           was
           accused
           of
           Piracy
           ,
           for
           that
           same
           Expedition
           ,
           and
           succeeded
           Sawkins
           in
           his
           Command
           ,
           was
           acquitted
           in
           England
           ,
           because
           he
           had
           that
           Prince's
           Commission
           .
        
         
           Having
           fully
           prov'd
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           have
           no
           Title
           in
           Darien
           ,
           it
           remains
           to
           be
           prov'd
           that
           the
           SCOTS
           have
           as
           good
           and
           just
           a
           Title
           to
           their
           Settlement
           there
           ,
           as
           any
           People
           in
           the
           World
           can
           have
           ;
           which
           may
           easily
           be
           demonstrated
           thus
           :
        
         
         
           They
           were
           authorized
           by
           an
           Act
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           and
           the
           Kings
           Letters
           Patent
           ,
           
             to
             plant
             Colonies
             in
          
           Asia
           ,
           Africa
           ,
           or
           America
           ,
           
             upon
             Places
             not
             inhabited
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             Place
             by
             Consent
             of
             the
             Natives
             ,
             not
             possest
             by
             any
          
           European
           
             Prince
             or
             State.
          
           Being
           provided
           with
           this
           Authority
           than
           which
           there
           cannot
           be
           a
           Greater
           ,
           or
           one
           more
           duly
           and
           honestly
           limited
           ,
           they
           equipp'd
           their
           Ships
           ,
           and
           landed
           on
           the
           North
           side
           of
           the
           Isthmus
           of
           Darien
           in
           November
           1698.
           where
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           as
           has
           been
           fully
           prov'd
           ,
           never
           had
           any
           possession
           ,
           and
           no
           other
           European
           Prince
           or
           State
           pretends
           any
           Claim
           to
           it
           .
           Being
           arriv'd
           there
           ,
           they
           fairly
           obtained
           the
           Consent
           of
           the
           Princes
           and
           People
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           and
           particularly
           of
           Captain
           Andreas
           ,
           who
           is
           the
           chief
           Man
           in
           that
           Tract
           ;
           And
           after
           a
           solemn
           Treaty
           and
           Alliance
           deliberatly
           made
           ,
           and
           wrote
           in
           Spanish
           ,
           because
           the
           said
           Prince
           understands
           that
           Language
           ,
           they
           peaceably
           enter
           upon
           their
           new
           Colony
           ,
           without
           either
           Force
           or
           Fraud
           .
           So
           that
           they
           have
           religiously
           kept
           to
           the
           Conditions
           of
           the
           Act
           and
           Patent
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           plain
           demonstration
           hat
           they
           have
           a
           just
           and
           legal
           Title
           to
           their
           Settlement
           .
           and
           a
           Right
           to
           the
           Protection
           of
           the
           Government
           ,
           against
           the
           Attempts
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           People
           whatsoever
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           Topick
           to
           be
           insisted
           upon
           .
           is
           the
           Advantage
           or
           Disadvantage
           that
           may
           redound
           to
           England
           from
           this
           Settlement
           .
           We
           shall
           begin
           with
           the
           Disadvantage
           which
           consists
           in
           the
           supposed
           Damage
           it
           may
           do
           to
           the
           Trade
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           that
           it
           may
           ,
           as
           is
           pretended
           ,
           occasion
           a
           Rupture
           between
           them
           and
           Spain
           .
           To
           this
           we
           may
           easily
           reply
           ,
           that
           being
           a
           distinct
           and
           independent
           Nation
           ,
           we
           are
           not
           oblig'd
           to
           consult
           their
           Interest
           ,
           any
           further
           than
           they
           consult
           ours
           ;
           and
           that
           we
           have
           as
           much
           Reason
           to
           maintain
           this
           Colony
           ,
           because
           of
           the
           Advantage
           it
           may
           bring
           to
           our selves
           ,
           as
           they
           have
           to
           oppose
           it
           ,
           because
           of
           the
           Disadvantages
           that
           they
           fancy
           may
           arise
           from
           thence
           to
           England
           .
           But
           withal
           we
           deny
           that
           it
           can
           be
           any
           damage
           to
           their
           Trade
           ,
           which
           from
           that
           part
           of
           the
           World
           consists
           chiefly
           in
           Sugar
           and
           Tobacco
           ,
           neither
           of
           which
           are
           yet
           to
           be
           found
           in
           
             New
             Caledonia
          
           .
           But
           that
           which
           
           we
           look
           upon
           to
           be
           a
           compleat
           Answer
           to
           the
           Objection
           ,
           is
           this
           ,
           That
           they
           may
           be
           sharers
           with
           Us
           in
           the
           settlement
           if
           they
           please
           ,
           and
           by
           consequence
           Partners
           in
           the
           Profits
           and
           Trade
           ,
           and
           lay
           it
           under
           such
           Regulations
           as
           may
           prevent
           its
           endamaging
           the
           Commerce
           of
           England
           .
        
         
           And
           whereas
           it
           is
           further
           objected
           ,
           That
           by
           the
           great
           Immunities
           and
           freedom
           granted
           to
           the
           SCOTS
           Company
           for
           so
           many
           Years
           ,
           we
           shall
           be
           able
           to
           undersell
           the
           English
           Company
           forestal
           their
           Markets
           ,
           and
           lessen
           his
           Majesties
           Customs
           ;
           we
           answer
           ,
           that
           this
           Objection
           is
           in
           a
           great
           measure
           obv●…ated
           ,
           since
           we
           do
           not
           now
           pretend
           to
           set
           up
           an
           East-India
           Trade
           ;
           but
           admitting
           it
           were
           true
           ,
           it
           will
           be
           to
           the
           general
           Advan●…age
           of
           the
           English
           Nation
           ,
           since
           the
           Buyers
           are
           always
           more
           than
           the
           Sellers
           .
           It
           must
           certainly
           be
           better
           for
           the
           Kingdom
           in
           general
           ,
           that
           every
           one
           who
           has
           occasion
           for
           Musl●…n
           or
           Indian
           Silks
           ,
           &c.
           should
           have
           so
           many
           shillings
           per
           Yard
           or
           peice
           in
           their
           Pockets
           ,
           than
           that
           some
           two
           or
           three
           Merchants
           should
           once
           in
           an
           Age
           get
           Money
           enough
           to
           make
           a
           Daughter
           or
           two
           a
           Countess
           or
           Dutchess
           .
           No●…
           can
           it
           be
           denied
           but
           it's
           better
           for
           England
           ,
           that
           Housekeepers
           in
           general
           should
           save
           that
           Money
           to
           buy
           Provisions
           for
           their
           Families
           ,
           which
           consumes
           our
           own
           Product
           ,
           than
           that
           a
           dozen
           of
           Merchants
           should
           be
           enabled
           by
           the
           extravagant
           prices
           of
           those
           commodities
           to
           keep
           their
           Coaches
           .
           Add
           to
           this
           ,
           that
           the
           English
           if
           they
           please
           by
           joining
           with
           the
           SCOTS
           ,
           may
           have
           an
           equal
           share
           of
           all
           those
           Immunities
           ;
           and
           if
           there
           should
           be
           for
           some
           time
           a
           lessening
           of
           the
           King's
           Customs
           ,
           of
           which
           there
           is
           at
           present
           no
           manner
           of
           prospect
           ,
           it
           will
           be
           sufficiently
           made
           up
           in
           time
           to
           come
           by
           a
           large
           Addition
           ,
           if
           that
           Colony
           prospers
           ;
           so
           that
           the
           King's
           Bounty
           in
           that
           respect
           ,
           is
           but
           like
           the
           bestowing
           of
           charge
           to
           improve
           barren
           or
           waste
           Ground
           ,
           which
           will
           return
           with
           treble
           Interest
           to
           him
           or
           his
           Heirs
           .
        
         
           There
           's
           another
           Objection
           made
           against
           the
           SCOTS
           Company
           ,
           that
           by
           their
           Constitution
           ,
           such
           Ships
           as
           belong
           to
           them
           must
           
           break
           Bu●…k
           ●…o
           〈◊〉
           but
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           wh●…ch
           will
           diminish
           th●…
           number
           of
           English
           Ships
           and
           Se●…men
           ,
           and
           make
           Scotland
           the
           only
           Free
           Port
           of
           all
           these
           Commodities
           .
           ●…o
           which
           it
           's
           ●…eplyed
           ,
           That
           tho
           ou●…
           own
           Ships
           are
           obliged
           to
           break
           Bulk
           no
           where
           but
           at
           home
           ,
           they
           don't
           lay
           same
           Obligation
           upon
           others
           ,
           but
           allowing
           them
           a
           free
           Trade
           to
           Darien
           ,
           they
           may
           ca●…ry
           their
           Goods
           where
           they
           please
           ;
           or
           upon
           fair
           Proposals
           ,
           there
           's
           no
           doubt
           but
           the
           Parliament
           of
           Scotland
           will
           give
           ●…he
           English
           all
           possible
           Liberty
           as
           to
           that
           matter
           .
        
         
           Then
           as
           to
           the
           haza●…d
           of
           a
           Rupture
           with
           Spain
           ,
           we
           reply
           ,
           Tha●…
           the
           Spaniards
           are
           in
           no
           condition
           to
           break
           with
           England
           ,
           when
           they
           are
           not
           able
           to
           maintain
           themselves
           against
           the
           Insu●…ts
           of
           the
           French
           by
           Sea
           and
           Land
           :
           and
           the
           only
           way
           to
           secure
           them
           in
           th●…
           British
           Interest
           ,
           is
           to
           have
           a
           powerful
           Colony
           in
           Darien
           ,
           which
           lying
           in
           the
           very
           Centre
           o●…
           their
           American
           Dominions
           ,
           and
           within
           reach
           of
           their
           Silver
           and
           Gold
           Mines
           ,
           will
           be
           an
           effectual
           Cu●…b
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           not
           only
           prevent
           their
           own
           Host●…lities
           ,
           but
           their
           joining
           at
           any
           time
           with
           our
           Enemies
           ;
           or
           if
           they
           do
           ,
           being
           Masters
           of
           their
           Money
           ,
           we
           shall
           speedily
           cut
           ●…e
           sinews
           of
           their
           War.
           
        
         
           In
           the
           ●…ext
           place
           we
           u●…ge
           that
           it
           will
           be
           very
           much
           for
           the
           In●…rest
           and
           Advantage
           of
           England
           to
           incourage
           and
           support
           us
           in
           ●…his
           Settlement
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           Because
           by
           this
           means
           the
           SCOTS
           will
           increase
           their
           shipping
           ,
           and
           come
           in
           time
           to
           have
           a
           Naval
           Force
           ,
           capable
           of
           assisting
           the
           English
           in
           the
           common
           Defence
           of
           the
           ●…sland
           ,
           in
           maintaining
           the
           Soveraignty
           of
           the
           Seas
           ,
           and
           convoying
           their
           Merchant
           Men
           in
           time
           of
           Wa●…
           ;
           the
           necessity
           of
           which
           is
           obvious
           enough
           ,
           since
           they
           and
           the
           
             Du●…ch
             ▪
          
           both
           have
           been
           scarce
           able
           to
           secure
           their
           T●…ade
           ,
           maintain
           their
           Dominion
           in
           the
           Seas
           ,
           and
           defend
           themselves
           from
           the
           Invasions
           of
           the
           French
           during
           the
           last
           War.
           Nor
           can
           the
           English
           always
           promise
           to
           themselves
           the
           Amity
           of
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           who
           are
           their
           Rivals
           in
           Trade
           ,
           and
           dif●…er
           far
           enough
           from
           
           them
           both
           in
           T●…mper
           and
           Interest
           ,
           there
           's
           no●…hing
           to
           cement
           them
           but
           the
           Life
           of
           our
           p●…esent
           Soveraign
           :
           Whereas
           the
           SCOTS
           being
           united
           with
           the
           English
           under
           the
           same
           Government
           ,
           and
           inhabiting
           the
           same
           Island
           ,
           must
           of
           〈◊〉
           have
           the
           same
           interest
           as
           to
           Trade
           ,
           and
           to
           defend
           the
           Coun●…y
           against
           all
           Forraign
           Invad
           ers
           ,
           as
           they
           constantly
           did
           in
           fo●…mer
           times
           ,
           against
           
             Romans
             ,
             Danes
             ,
             Saxons
          
           ,
           and
           Normans
           ,
           〈◊〉
           th●…ir
           living
           then
           under
           a
           separat
           Prince
           ,
           and
           their
           frequent
           Wars
           with
           England
           .
           No●…
           is
           that
           brave
           Resistance
           which
           a
           few
           of
           them
           made
           to
           the
           Dutch
           at
           Chattam
           to
           be
           forgotten
           ,
           which
           did
           in
           a
           great
           measure
           repair
           the
           Honour
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           make
           amends
           ●…or
           the
           Ignominy
           and
           disgrace
           which
           that
           Attempt
           put
           upon
           the
           English
           Nation
           ▪
        
         
           2.
           
           As
           Scotland
           increases
           in
           shipping
           ,
           they
           will
           increase
           in
           Wealth
           and
           by
           consequence
           be
           able
           to
           bear
           a
           greater
           share
           of
           the
           Burden
           of
           any
           Foreign
           War
           ,
           which
           will
           save
           Men
           and
           Money
           to
           England
           ,
           and
           lighten
           their
           Taxes
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           The
           Success
           of
           the
           SCO●…S
           in
           their
           Americ●…n
           Colony
           ▪
           w●…ll
           be
           an
           additional
           strength
           to
           the
           English
           〈◊〉
           in
           the
           West-Indies
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           an
           Advancement
           of
           their
           Trade
           ,
           by
           consuming
           their
           product
           ,
           and
           giving
           them
           theirs
           in
           Exchange
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           The
           success
           of
           the
           Scots
           at
           Darien
           will
           be
           o●…
           great
           advantage
           to
           England
           ;
           for
           the
           more
           Mon●…y
           the
           Scots
           acquire
           by
           their
           Trade
           ,
           the
           more
           they
           will
           spend
           in
           England
           ,
           which
           being
           the
           Seat
           of
           the
           Government
           ,
           must
           frequently
           be
           visited
           by
           their
           Nobility
           and
           Gentry
           ,
           who
           generally
           furnish
           the●…seves
           in
           England
           with
           their
           best
           Apparel
           ,
           Household
           -
           〈◊〉
           ,
           Coaches
           and
           Horses
           &c.
           besides
           the
           Money
           that
           the
           young
           Noblemen
           and
           Gentlemen
           spend
           in
           their
           passage
           through
           that
           Nation
           ,
           when
           they
           go
           &
           come
           from
           their
           Travels
           .
           These
           things
           occasion
           their
           laying
           out
           vast
           Summs
           of
           Money
           annually
           in
           the
           City
           of
           Lon●…n
           ,
           ●…hich
           being
           the
           Seat
           of
           the
           Government
           ,
           will
           as
           certainly
           draw
           Money
           from
           Scotland
           ,
           as
           the
           Sun
           draws
           Vapours
           after
           it
           .
        
         
           5.
           
           The
           success
           of
           the
           Scots
           in
           their
           Forreign
           Pla●…tation
           will
           not
           
           only
           ease
           England
           of
           a
           great
           number
           of
           their
           P●…dlars
           ,
           so
           frequently
           〈◊〉
           of
           in
           〈◊〉
           ,
           by
           Country
           Corporations
           and
           〈◊〉
           ,
           but
           it
           will
           occasion
           the
           return
           home
           ,
           and
           prevent
           the
           going
           o●…t
           of
           v●…st
           numbers
           of
           their
           Youth
           ,
           who
           follow
           the
           〈◊〉
           sort
           of
           〈◊〉
           ,
           or
           betake
           themselves
           to
           the
           Sword
           in
           
             Denmark
             ,
             〈◊〉
             ,
             〈◊〉
             ▪
             M●…ovy
             ▪
             Germany
             ,
             Holland
             ,
          
           and
           〈◊〉
           ;
           By
           wh●…ch
           me●…ns
           the
           Government
           of
           Great
           Brit●…in
           ,
           may
           fu●…nish
           t●…ir
           F●…ts
           and
           Armies
           at
           a
           much
           Cheaper
           and
           easier
           Rate
           than
           fo●…merly
           ,
           and
           w●…th
           as
           good
           Mariners
           and
           Souldiers
           as
           any
           in
           the
           Worl●…
           .
        
         
           6.
           
           The
           E●…glish
           by
           joining
           with
           the
           Scots
           ,
           and
           supporting
           their
           Colony
           at
           D●…rien
           ,
           may
           have
           their
           Plate
           brought
           home
           in
           their
           own
           Bottoms
           ,
           and
           from
           their
           own
           Mines
           ,
           with
           which
           we
           are
           assured
           that
           Country
           abounds
           ,
           without
           being
           obliged
           to
           touch
           at
           Cadiz
           ,
           or
           any
           〈◊〉
           Port
           ,
           being
           lyable
           to
           the
           Vexatious
           Indu●…os
           of
           Forreign
           Princes
           ,
           or
           in
           such
           hazard
           of
           being
           Intercepted
           ▪
           as
           they
           many
           times
           were
           du●…ing
           the
           late
           War.
           
        
         
           7.
           
           The
           English
           may
           by
           joining
           with
           the
           Scots
           ,
           render
           themselves
           more
           Capable
           than
           ever
           of
           keeping
           the
           Ballance
           of
           Europe
           in
           their
           H●…nds
           ;
           a
           Trust
           which
           Nature
           and
           Providence
           seems
           to
           have
           assign'd
           them
           ,
           since
           their
           Situation
           and
           Naval
           Force
           ,
           not
           only
           mak●…s
           it
           propper
           for
           them
           ,
           but
           they
           have
           had
           an
           opportunity
           put
           into
           their
           han●…s
           in
           l●…ttle
           above
           the
           Revolution
           of
           ●…ne
           Century
           ,
           of
           twice
           breaki●…g
           the
           Chaines
           of
           Europe
           ,
           when
           threatned
           with
           Slavery
           ;
           first
           by
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           and
           then
           by
           the
           French.
           This
           is
           so
           much
           the
           more
           evident
           ,
           that
           by
           being
           possess'd
           of
           Darien
           ,
           they
           will
           be
           able
           either
           to
           prevent
           the
           uniting
           the
           Spani●…h
           and
           French
           Monarchies
           ;
           or
           if
           not
           so
           ,
           to
           render
           that
           Union
           so
           much
           the
           less
           dangerous
           ,
           when
           it
           will
           be
           in
           their
           power
           to
           s●…ize
           their
           〈◊〉
           a●…
           Dominions
           in
           the
           Indies
           ,
           without
           which
           that
           bulky
           Mona●…chy
           ,
           must
           fall
           by
           his
           own
           weight
           .
           This
           is
           likewise
           of
           so
           m●…ch
           the
           greater
           importance
           ,
           that
           it
           may
           very
           probably
           ▪
           ether
           〈◊〉
           a
           Religious
           War
           ,
           ●…owards
           which
           the
           Papists
           discover
           so
           mu●…h
           〈◊〉
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           bring
           it
           to
           a
           〈◊〉
           Conclusion
           :
           
           For
           we
           have
           as
           good
           Reason
           to
           look
           upon
           the
           Spanish
           Mines
           in
           the
           West-Indies
           to
           be
           Antichrist's
           Pouch
           ,
           by
           which
           he
           maintaines
           his
           War
           against
           the
           Church
           ,
           as
           the
           old
           Taborites
           had
           to
           call
           the
           Silver
           Mines
           in
           Bohemia
           by
           that
           Name
           .
           It
           is
           ce●…tainly
           the
           surest
           Method
           of
           destroying
           Antichrist
           ,
           to
           seize
           his
           Purse
           ;
           for
           if
           he
           once
           be
           depriv'd
           of
           
           Judas's
           Bag
           ,
           he
           will
           quickly
           drop
           St.
           
           Peter's
           Key●…
           .
           It
           's
           by
           the
           Charms
           of
           her
           Gold
           ,
           that
           the
           Babylonish
           Whore
           hath
           made
           the
           whole
           World
           to
           wonder
           after
           her
           ,
           and
           the
           Kings
           of
           the
           Earth
           to
           be
           Drunk
           with
           the
           Cup
           of
           her
           Fornication
           .
        
         
           8.
           
           By
           this
           means
           the
           English
           may
           be
           better
           able
           to
           prevent
           the
           ruin
           of
           their
           Trade
           in
           the
           Mediterranean
           and
           West-Indies
           ,
           if
           the
           French
           should
           possess
           themselves
           of
           the
           Kingdim
           of
           Spain
           :
           and
           they
           will
           likewise
           be
           the
           better
           able
           to
           prevent
           their
           possessing
           themselves
           of
           the
           Netherlands
           ;
           which
           if
           once
           they
           should
           do
           ,
           and
           get
           Ports
           there
           capable
           of
           holding
           a
           Fleet
           ,
           they
           would
           also
           ruin
           thier
           E●…stland
           Trade
           ,
           and
           put
           a
           period
           to
           the
           Liberties
           of
           
             Great
             Britain
          
           .
        
         
           9.
           
           It
           will
           effectually
           unite
           the
           Scots
           to
           England
           by
           an
           inseparable
           Tie
           ,
           if
           the
           English
           join
           us
           in
           this
           Undertaking
           :
           Their
           Ancestors
           would
           have
           gladly
           purchased
           this
           Union
           at
           a
           much
           dearer
           rate
           ,
           but
           were
           al●…ise
           out
           bid
           by
           France
           :
           and
           the
           want
           of
           which
           Union
           made
           the
           English
           not
           only
           an
           easie
           prey
           to
           their
           successive
           Conquerors
           ,
           but
           lost
           them
           all
           the
           large
           Provinces
           that
           they
           enjoy'd
           beyond
           sea
           ,
           which
           were
           their
           natural
           Barriers
           ▪
           gave
           them
           a
           free
           Access
           to
           the
           Continent
           ,
           and
           made
           the
           English
           Name
           so
           glorious
           in
           the
           days
           of
           their
           Ancestors
           .
        
         
           10.
           
           It
           will
           be
           of
           general
           advant●…ge
           to
           the
           Protesta●…t
           Interest
           ,
           and
           contribute
           to
           the
           advancement
           of
           pure
           Christianity
           ,
           without
           any
           of
           the
           Romish
           sophistications
           :
           which
           certainly
           ought
           to
           weigh
           much
           with
           all
           true
           Protestants
           ;
           and
           so
           much
           the
           more
           ,
           that
           the
           Pope
           and
           the
           Conclave
           of
           Rome
           have
           espoused
           the
           Quarrel
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           in
           this
           Affair
           as
           a
           Cause
           of
           Religion
           .
           Doubtless
           the
           poor
           Americans
           will
           be
           more
           i●…
           clinable
           to
           embrace
           Christianity
           ,
           when
           they
           find
           the
           difference
           of
           the
           Morals
           and
           Doctrine
           betwixt
           Protestants
           and
           Papists
           ,
           and
           see
           ●…t
           the
           
           former
           treat
           tbem
           with
           Humanity
           ,
           and
           seek
           their
           Welfare
           both
           in
           Body
           and
           Soul
           ;
           whereas
           the
           Spaniards
           have
           render'd
           〈◊〉
           ,
           and
           the
           Religion
           ●…hey
           profess
           ▪
           odious
           ,
           by
           the
           inhuman
           Cruelties
           and
           brutish
           Lusts
           ,
           wbich
           they
           have
           exercised
           up●…n
           so
           many
           Millions
           of
           the
           Natives
           .
           This
           is
           so
           far
           from
           being
           a
           Calumny
           ,
           that
           an
           unexceptionable
           Author
           of
           their
           own
           ,
           
             Don
             B●…tholomew
             de
             las
             casas
          
           Bishop
           of
           Chiapa
           ,
           f●…rmerly
           mentioned
           ,
           who
           was
           an
           Eye
           witness
           of
           their
           Cruelties
           ,
           gives
           an
           account
           that
           they
           had
           in
           his
           time
           destroyed
           above
           40
           Millions
           of
           the
           poor
           Indians
           ;
           tho
           they
           receiv'd
           them
           with
           the
           greatest
           kindness
           imaginable
           ,
           were
           ready
           to
           do
           'em
           all
           the
           Friendly
           Offices
           that
           one
           man
           could
           desire
           of
           ano●…her
           ,
           and
           testified
           their
           great
           Inclination
           to
           have
           embrac'd
           the
           Christian
           Religion
           .
           But
           the
           Spaniards
           aim'd
           at
           the
           destruction
           ,
           and
           not
           at
           the
           Conversion
           of
           the
           In●…ians
           ;
           and
           are
           avowedly
           charged
           with
           it
           by
           the
           said
           Bishop
           ,
           who
           in
           many
           places
           of
           his
           Book
           decl●…res
           ,
           that
           ●…fter
           they
           had
           sent
           for
           the
           Chiefs
           of
           the
           Countries
           to
           meet
           them
           in
           an
           amicable
           manner
           ,
           which
           the
           poor
           ●…armless
           Creatures
           did
           without
           suspicion
           of
           any
           ●…d
           ,
           these
           merciless
           〈◊〉
           murdered
           them
           wholesale
           ,
           on
           purpose
           to
           make
           themselves
           terrib●…e
           to
           them
           .
           This
           was
           a
           Practice
           so
           inconsistent
           with
           Humanity
           ,
           that
           all
           the
           People
           of
           the
           World
           ought
           to
           have
           re●…ente
           ●…
           it
           ;
           as
           having
           m●…h
           more
           reason
           to
           declare
           the
           Spania●…ds
           to
           be
           Enemies
           to
           Mankind
           ,
           than
           ever
           the
           Roman
           Senate
           had
           to
           declare
           Nero
           to
           be
           such
           .
        
         
           But
           this
           sort
           of
           Treatment
           ,
           compar'd
           with
           what
           they
           made
           others
           to
           suffer
           ,
           may
           well
           be
           call'd
           Mercy
           :
           for
           tho
           it
           was
           d●…ath
           ,
           the
           Indians
           were
           hereby
           quickly
           deliver'd
           from
           their
           Misery
           ;
           whereas
           they
           put
           mul●…itude
           of
           others
           to
           li●…ing
           deaths
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           ●…eel
           themselves
           die
           gradu●…lly
           ;
           and
           yet
           this
           is
           not
           so
           intol●…ble
           neith●…
           as
           to
           the
           condi●…ion
           of
           those
           poor
           people
           ,
           tha●…
           had
           the
           misfortune
           to
           survive
           that
           Cruelty
           ;
           for
           the
           whole
           time
           of
           th●…
           Lives
           under
           that
           miserable
           Servitude
           ,
           i●…
           but
           Death
           prolonged
           ,
           or
           making
           his
           attacks
           upon
           'em
           by
           intolerable
           Labor
           ,
           and
           continual
           hunger
           ,
           the
           most
           insupportable
           o●…
           all
           plagues
           ;
           these
           poor
           Creatures
           that
           ●…oil
           in
           the
           Mines
           ,
           and
           are
           imploy'd
           in
           Pearl
           
           fishing
           ▪
           &c.
           having
           no
           more
           Sustenance
           allowed
           them
           ,
           and
           that
           〈◊〉
           of
           the
           〈◊〉
           so●…t
           ,
           th●…n
           is
           just
           enough
           to
           keep
           the
           Soul
           and
           Body
           together
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           prolong
           their
           Misery
           .
           Then
           let
           any
           M●…n
           ,
           who
           has
           bu●…
           the
           least
           remains
           of
           Humani●…y
           left
           him
           ,
           judge
           whether
           the
           Sco●…s
           could
           be
           criminal
           ,
           if
           ●…hey
           should
           have
           actu●…lly
           l●…nded
           upon
           a
           Spanish
           Settl●…ment
           ,
           ●…nd
           have
           seiz'd
           the
           same
           ,
           ●…n
           o●…der
           to
           deli●…
           their
           Brethren
           the
           Sons
           of
           
             Adam
             ▪
          
           f●…om
           such
           hellish
           Se●…vitude
           ●…nd
           Oppression
           ●…s
           the
           above
           me●…tion'd
           B●…shop
           describes
           ;
           and
           i●…
           any
           man
           tha●…
           has
           any
           Bowels
           of
           Compassio●…
           within
           him
           can
           s●…y
           th●…y
           could
           ,
           what
           shadow
           of
           Reason
           is
           there
           to
           b●…ame
           t●…e
           Scots
           fo●…●…recting
           a
           Colony
           where
           the
           Spaniards
           neve●…
           had
           any
           footing
           ?
        
         
           The
           ne●…t
           thing
           to
           be
           consider'd
           is
           ,
           whether
           the
           Scots
           without
           the
           assistance
           of
           England
           ,
           may
           probably
           maintain
           their
           footing
           ●…here
           ▪
           which
           th●…re's
           no
           doubt
           may
           very
           well
           be
           d●…termin'd
           in
           the
           affi●…mative
           ▪
        
         
           1.
           
           Becaus●…
           the
           whole
           Kingdom
           of
           Scotland
           being
           mor●…
           zealous
           for
           it
           ,
           and
           〈◊〉
           in
           it
           ,
           than
           they
           have
           been
           in
           any
           other
           〈◊〉
           for
           fourty
           or
           fifty
           ye●…rs
           past
           ,
           it
           is
           not
           to
           be
           doubted
           ,
           but
           t●…ey
           will
           use
           their
           utmost
           Efforts
           to
           support
           themselves
           in
           it
           by
           their
           own
           strength
           ;
           or
           if
           that
           will
           not
           do
           ,
           by
           making
           Alliances
           with
           other
           Nati●…ns
           that
           are
           able
           to
           assist
           ●…hem
           with
           a
           Naval
           force
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           If
           they
           me●…t
           with
           no
           other
           Opposition
           but
           what
           the
           Spaniards
           are
           abl●…
           to
           make
           t●…
           them
           ,
           it
           will
           be
           ●…asie
           for
           the
           N●…bility
           ,
           and
           Gent●…y
           ,
           and
           Roy●…l
           Burroughs
           of
           
             Scotland
             ▪
          
           to
           raise
           Money
           upo●…
           their
           Lands
           ,
           &c.
           to
           increase
           their
           Stock
           for
           the
           American
           Tr●…de
           ,
           and
           buy
           Ships
           of
           fo●…ce
           to
           protect
           it
           ;
           Nay
           ,
           without
           that
           it
           's
           but
           giving
           Commis●…ion
           to
           the
           Buccaneers
           ●…o
           ▪
           become
           an
           Over-match
           for
           the
           
             Spaniards
             ▪
          
        
         
           3.
           
           Supposing
           the
           Frenc●…
           should
           offer
           to
           join
           with
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           a●…d
           assist
           them
           to
           drive
           the
           Scots
           from
           Dar●…n
           ,
           a
           some
           ●…ay
           they
           have
           already
           proffered
           ;
           we
           are
           no●…
           to
           imagine
           that
           the
           Spaniàrds
           will
           accept
           their
           Proff●…rs
           in
           this
           case
           ,
           when
           they
           〈◊〉
           ●…ed
           them
           as
           to
           ●…he
           d●…ving
           the
           M●…rs
           from
           before
           Ceuta
           .
           The
           Re●…sons
           are
           
           obvious
           :
           They
           declin'd
           the
           accepting
           their
           Proff●…rs
           as
           to
           
             Ceuta
             ▪
          
           because
           they
           would
           not
           thereby
           give
           the
           French
           an
           opportunity
           of
           possessing
           themselves
           of
           any
           of
           their
           Towns
           in
           Africa
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           but
           too
           common
           for
           Forreign
           Auxiliarys
           to
           do
           in
           such
           cases
           .
           Then
           ce●…tainly
           they
           have
           much
           greater
           Reason
           to
           refuse
           their
           Proffers
           as
           to
           
             Darien
             ,
             America
          
           being
           of
           infinitly
           mo●…
           〈◊〉
           to
           them
           than
           some
           African
           Towns
           :
           and
           if
           once
           the
           French
           should
           get
           ●…ooting
           there
           ,
           it
           would
           be
           in
           vain
           for
           the
           Spanish
           G●…andees
           any
           further
           to
           dispute
           t●…e
           succession
           of
           France
           to
           t●…eir
           Crown
           ;
           for
           they
           wo●…ld
           immediatly
           seize
           upon
           their
           Mines
           an●…
           Treasures
           in
           the
           WestInd●…es
           ,
           without
           which
           the
           Spanish
           Monarchy
           is
           not
           able
           to
           support
           it self
           .
        
         
           O●…
           supposing
           that
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           should
           live
           for
           many
           years
           ,
           and
           by
           consequen●…e
           keep
           the
           French
           out
           of
           possession
           ;
           ye●…
           having
           once
           got
           footing
           at
           Darien
           ,
           which
           they
           will
           certainly
           do
           ,
           i●…
           the
           Scots
           be
           expell'd
           by
           their
           assistance
           ,
           the
           Spaniards
           will
           quickly
           be
           convinc'd
           to
           their
           cost
           ,
           that
           they
           ar●…
           more
           d●…ngerous
           〈◊〉
           th●…n
           th●…
           Scots
           ;
           not
           only
           because
           of
           their
           g●…ater
           power
           to
           do
           them
           mo●…e
           mischief
           ,
           but
           because
           o●…
           their
           〈◊〉
           Temper
           ,
           which
           all
           Europe
           is
           sensible
           of
           ;
           and
           being
           of
           the
           sam●…
           R●…ligion
           with
           the
           
             Spaniards
             ▪
          
           and
           havi●…g
           of
           late
           years
           set
           up
           for
           the
           Champions
           of
           Popery
           ,
           they
           will
           by
           the
           Influence
           of
           the
           Cl●…rgy
           ,
           bring
           all
           the
           Spanish
           settlements
           in
           America
           to
           a
           depen●…ence
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           a
           love
           for
           them
           as
           the
           great
           Protectors
           of
           the
           Catholick
           Faith
           ;
           which
           will
           at
           once
           destroy
           the
           Interest
           of
           Spain
           in
           America
           .
        
         
           This
           will
           appear
           to
           be
           no
           vain
           speculation
           ,
           to
           ●…hose
           ●…hat
           consider
           the
           Tempe●…
           of
           the
           Popish
           Clergy
           ,
           and
           the
           In●…olence
           of
           the
           Spanish
           Inquisitors
           ,
           who
           so
           da●…ingly
           reflected
           upon
           the
           late
           Allyance
           of
           Spain
           with
           P●…otestant
           Princes
           and
           States
           ,
           tho
           absolutly
           necessa●…y
           to
           preserve
           that
           Nation
           srom
           being
           swallowed
           up
           by
           France
           .
        
         
           Whereas
           the
           Scots
           being
           zealous
           Protestants
           ,
           and
           for
           that
           very
           Reason
           hateful
           to
           the
           Popish
           Clergy
           and
           L●…ity
           ,
           they
           are
           under
           a
           
           moral
           Impossibility
           of
           having
           so
           much
           Influence
           to
           withdraw
           the
           American
           settlements
           from
           the
           Obedience
           of
           Spain
           :
           and
           be●…es
           ,
           being
           under
           an
           Obligation
           by
           the
           Principles
           of
           their
           Religion
           ,
           and
           their
           fundamental
           Constitution
           ,
           not
           to
           invade
           the
           Property
           of
           an
           other
           ,
           the
           Spaniards
           have
           no
           Cause
           to
           tear
           any
           thing
           from
           them
           ▪
           provided
           they
           forbear
           Hostilities
           on
           their
           part
           ;
           but
           on
           the
           contrary
           may
           find
           them
           true
           and
           faithful
           Allies
           ;
           and
           useful
           to
           assist
           them
           in
           the
           defence
           of
           their
           Countrey
           .
           if
           attack'd
           by
           the
           French
           as
           in
           the
           late
           War
           :
           it
           being
           the
           interest
           of
           the
           Scots
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           of
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           to
           prevent
           the
           accession
           of
           the
           Crown
           of
           Spain
           to
           that
           of
           France
           .
        
         
           These
           things
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           known
           Endeavours
           of
           the
           French
           to
           pro●…uce
           an
           Interest
           amongst
           the
           Natives
           of
           that
           Country
           ,
           and
           especially
           with
           
             Don
             Pedro
          
           and
           Corbet
           .
           in
           order
           to
           a
           Settlement
           ,
           make
           it
           evident
           enough
           that
           it
           is
           the
           Interest
           of
           Spain
           the
           Scots
           should
           rather
           have
           it
           than
           the
           French
           ,
           who
           have
           already
           been
           tampering
           with
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           with
           the
           Indians
           ,
           and
           doubt
           not
           to
           have
           a
           large
           share
           of
           America
           when
           ever
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           dies
           .
        
         
           But
           admitting
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           should
           so
           far
           mistake
           their
           Interest
           ,
           as
           to
           accept
           of
           the
           Proffers
           of
           the
           French
           to
           expell
           the
           Scots
           ,
           it
           is
           not
           impossible
           for
           the
           latter
           to
           find
           other
           Allies
           than
           the
           English
           to
           assist
           them
           with
           a
           naval
           Force
           to
           maintain
           their
           Possession
           .
        
         
           The
           Dutch
           are
           known
           to
           be
           a
           People
           that
           seldom
           or
           never
           mistake
           their
           Interest
           :
           They
           are
           sensible
           how
           useful
           the
           Alliance
           of
           Scotland
           may
           be
           to
           them
           ,
           both
           in
           regard
           of
           their
           Liberty
           to
           fish
           in
           our
           Seas
           without
           controul
           ,
           and
           of
           being
           a
           Curb
           upon
           England
           ,
           in
           case
           the
           old
           Roman
           Maxim
           of
           
             delenda
             est
             Carthago
          
           ,
           should
           come
           any
           more
           to
           be
           applied
           by
           the
           English
           to
           that
           Republick
           ,
           as
           in
           the
           Reign
           of
           K.
           Charles
           II.
           They
           are
           likewise
           sensible
           of
           the
           Advantage
           it
           would
           be
           to
           their
           trade
           to
           be
           partners
           with
           the
           Scots
           at
           Darien
           ;
           and
           how
           effectual
           it
           may
           be
           to
           disable
           the
           
           Fre●…ch
           to
           p●…sue
           thei●…
           Cl●…im
           to
           Sp●…in
           ,
           ●…nd
           by
           〈◊〉
           to
           〈◊〉
           t●…e
           old
           Title
           of
           th●…t
           ●…own
           upon
           their
           own
           Seven
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           to
           swallow
           up
           th●…
           other
           t●…n
           Provinces
           .
           Th●…se
           things
           ,
           together
           w●…●…
           lon●…
           con●…inu'd
           Amity
           and
           Trade
           be●…xt
           Scotl●…nd
           and
           Holland
           and
           their
           Union
           in
           Religion
           and
           Ecclesiastical
           Disciplin●…
           are
           sufficient
           to
           evince
           that
           th●…
           Dutch
           would
           become
           ou●…
           〈◊〉
           in
           America
           with
           little
           〈◊〉
           .
           Th●…t
           they
           ●…re
           able
           to
           as●…
           us
           in
           that
           Case
           with
           a
           〈◊〉
           Force
           suffici●…
           ▪
           is
           be●…ond
           contradiction
           ;
           and
           that
           they
           would
           soon
           be
           convinc'd
           it
           is
           th●…
           〈◊〉
           to
           do
           it
           ,
           to
           prevent
           that
           mo●…strous
           I●…crease
           of
           the
           Fren●…
           M●…chy
           ,
           is
           obvious
           enough
           from
           the
           part
           they
           acted
           in
           the
           l●…
           W●…
           .
        
         
           But
           admitting
           th●…t
           none
           of
           those
           〈◊〉
           should
           pre●…il
           with
           the
           Dutch
           ,
           a●…d
           that
           they
           should
           likewis●…
           abandon
           us
           ;
           it
           is
           not
           impo●…ble
           for
           us
           to
           obtain
           a●…
           Alliance
           a●…d
           Naval
           Force
           〈◊〉
           t●…e
           Norther●…
           Cro●…ns
           :
           It
           's
           well
           en●…gh
           k●…
           t●…at
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           abound
           ●…ith
           Me●…
           and
           Shippi●…g
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           a●…
           their
           hearts
           to
           m●…ke
           an
           Exchange
           of
           〈◊〉
           for
           the
           Gold
           〈◊〉
           Silver
           of
           America
           ,
           which
           they
           might
           ea●…ily
           carry
           from
           To●…
           to
           To●…
           ,
           〈◊〉
           from
           Market
           to
           Market
           .
           〈◊〉
           the
           trouble
           of
           a
           W●…l-barr●…
           ,
           as
           they
           are
           now
           obliged
           to
           do
           ●…ith
           their
           ●…per
           .
           Fr●…
           all
           ●…ich
           it
           is
           evident
           〈◊〉
           that
           it
           is
           not
           imp●…ble
           ●…or
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           〈◊〉
           maintain
           themselves
           i●…
           Darien
           wi●…out
           the
           A●…ance
           of
           England
           .
        
         
           The
           next
           thing
           to
           be
           discours'd
           of
           is
           ,
           what
           the
           〈◊〉
           may
           probably
           be
           ,
           if
           the
           E●…glish
           should
           oppose
           us
           in
           this
           Settlement
           .
        
         
           We
           could
           h●…ily
           wish
           the●…●…d
           ●…ever
           been
           any
           ground
           for
           this
           suggestion
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Opposition
           we
           have
           met
           with
           from
           England
           had
           been
           les●…
           National
           ●…han
           that
           which
           we
           h●…d
           from
           both
           their
           Hous●…s
           of
           Parliament
           ,
           af●…
           the
           p●…ssing
           an
           Act
           ▪
           for
           an
           African
           Company
           ,
           &c.
           in
           ou●…s
           ▪
           a●…
           it
           〈◊〉
           to
           be
           wish
           ▪
           d
           〈◊〉
           so
           many
           of
           the
           English
           had
           not
           given
           us
           such
           proofs
           of
           an
           alienated
           mind
           and
           〈◊〉
           to
           our
           Welfare
           ,
           as
           they
           h●…ve
           don●…
           sinc●…
           
           by
           their
           Resident
           at
           Hamborough
           ,
           and
           thei●…
           late
           Proclamations
           in
           their
           
             West
             ▪
             India
          
           Plantations
           ;
           and
           we
           could
           have
           wish'd
           above
           all
           that
           his
           Majesty
           of
           England
           had
           not
           in
           the
           least
           concu●…'d
           ,
           or
           given
           his
           Countenance
           to
           that
           Opposition
           ;
           for
           as
           King
           of
           Scots
           it
           is
           ●…ain
           he
           could
           not
           do
           it
           :
           he
           ha
           h
           confirm
           ▪
           d
           what
           we
           have
           done
           by
           the
           Touch
           of
           his
           Scepter
           ,
           which
           no
           private
           Order
           or
           〈◊〉
           can
           revoke
           .
           And
           we
           could
           wish
           that
           his
           English
           Counsellors
           ,
           who
           put
           ●…m
           upon
           those
           things
           ,
           would
           remember
           that
           Strafford
           and
           Laud
           lost
           their
           ●…eads
           ,
           ●…or
           giving
           K
           Charles
           the
           First
           ,
           that
           fatal
           Advice
           in
           oppressing
           and
           opposing
           the
           Scots
           .
        
         
           We
           di●…
           verily
           think
           that
           the
           suffering
           of
           our
           Crown
           to
           be
           uni●…ed
           with
           that
           of
           England
           ,
           in
           the
           person
           of
           K
           James
           their
           first
           ,
           and
           our
           Sixth
           ;
           our
           seasonable
           coming
           to
           the
           rescue
           of
           ●…heir
           expi●…ing
           Libe●…es
           in
           the
           Reign
           of
           K.
           Charles
           I.
           our
           being
           so
           instrumental
           to
           rescue
           them
           from
           Anarchy
           and
           Confusion
           ▪
           by
           the
           Restoration
           o●…
           K.
           Charles
           II.
           and
           above
           all
           ,
           our
           Generous
           and
           Frank
           Concurrence
           with
           them
           in
           the
           late
           happy
           Revolu●…ion
           ,
           and
           Advancement
           of
           K.
           William
           III.
           We
           did
           verily
           think
           that
           all
           these
           things
           deserv'd
           a
           better
           Treatment
           ;
           and
           to
           evince
           that
           they
           did
           ,
           we
           shall
           begg
           leave
           to
           ●…nsist
           a
           little
           upon
           the
           first
           and
           last
           .
        
         
           The
           English
           have
           no
           cause
           to
           think
           that
           we
           were
           ignorant
           of
           the
           Reason
           why
           their
           Politick
           Henry
           VII
           .
           Chose
           rather
           to
           match
           his
           Eldest
           Daughter
           with
           the
           King
           of
           Scots
           ,
           than
           with
           the
           King
           of
           France
           ,
           because
           he
           foresaw
           ,
           that
           if
           the
           King
           of
           Scots
           should
           by
           that
           means
           come
           to
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           ,
           he
           would
           remove
           the
           Seat
           of
           his
           Government
           thither
           ,
           which
           would
           add
           to
           the
           Grandeur
           and
           Riches
           of
           England
           :
           Whereas
           if
           the
           King
           of
           France
           did
           by
           that
           means
           fall
           Heir
           to
           the
           English
           Crown
           ,
           he
           would
           certa●…nly
           draw
           the
           C●…t
           of
           England
           to
           Paris
           .
           ●…his
           the
           Scots
           were
           so
           〈◊〉
           from
           being
           ignorant
           of
           ,
           that
           many
           of
           the
           Nobility
           and
           Gen●…ry
           did
           express
           their
           disl●…ke
           of
           the
           Union
           of
           the
           Crowns
           ,
           as
           well
           knowing
           that
           it
           would
           reduce
           our
           Kingdom
           into
           a
           Subjection
           and
           Dependance
           upon
           England
           ,
           and
           drain
           us
           of
           
           what
           Substance
           we
           had
           ;
           and
           theresore
           some
           of
           them
           express'd
           themselves
           on
           that
           occasion
           ,
           that
           Scotland
           was
           never
           Conquer'd
           till
           then
           :
           Yet
           such
           was
           our
           Zeal
           for
           the
           common
           Wellfare
           of
           the
           Island
           ,
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           ,
           and
           of
           Europe
           in
           general
           ,
           which
           were
           then
           almost
           in
           as
           much
           danger
           by
           Spain
           ,
           as
           they
           have
           been
           since
           by
           France
           ,
           that
           we
           quietly
           and
           freely
           parted
           with
           our
           King
           ,
           and
           suffer'd
           him
           to
           accept
           the
           English
           Crown
           ,
           rather
           than
           the
           Nation
           should
           be
           involv'd
           in
           War
           and
           Confusion
           ,
           and
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           indanger'd
           by
           another
           Successor
           ,
           as
           it
           must
           necessarily
           have
           been
           ,
           had
           the
           Infanta
           of
           Spain
           ,
           whose
           Title
           .
           was
           then
           promoted
           by
           the
           Popish
           Interest
           ,
           Succeeded
           .
           And
           all
           the
           reward
           we
           had
           for
           this
           Condescension
           and
           Kindness
           ,
           was
           a
           contemptuous
           and
           disdainful
           refusal
           ,
           on
           the
           part
           of
           England
           ,
           of
           an
           Union
           of
           the
           N●…tions
           when
           proposed
           ,
           tho
           the
           same
           would
           visibly
           have
           tended
           to
           the
           Benefit
           of
           the
           whole
           Island
           ,
           the
           general
           advantage
           o●…
           Europe
           ,
           and
           the
           security
           and
           increase
           of
           the
           Protestant
           Interest
           .
           And
           our
           King
           was
           so
           little
           thankful
           on
           his
           part
           ,
           that
           tho
           he
           promis'd
           solemnly
           in
           the
           Great
           Church
           of
           Edinburgh
           before
           his
           departure
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           visit
           his
           Antient
           Kingdom
           ,
           once
           in
           three
           years
           ,
           he
           never
           saw
           it
           after
           but
           once
           ,
           and
           that
           not
           till
           14
           years
           after
           .
           And
           by
           the
           influence
           of
           that
           same
           Faction
           in
           England
           ,
           who
           are
           still
           our
           Enemies
           ,
           he
           made
           Innovations
           both
           in
           Church
           and
           State
           ,
           contrary
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           and
           his
           own
           solemn
           Oath
           ;
           which
           laid
           the
           foundation
           of
           all
           those
           Disasters
           that
           ended
           in
           the
           fa●…al
           Exit
           of
           his
           Son
           ,
           and
           the
           subversion
           of
           the
           Government
           of
           both
           Nations
           .
           These
           were
           the
           first
           Advantages
           we
           had
           by
           the
           Union
           of
           the
           Crowns
           .
        
         
           His
           Son
           King
           Charles
           I
           ,
           had
           scarce
           ascended
           the
           Throne
           ,
           when
           we
           had
           new
           Proofs
           of
           the
           Disadvantages
           we
           labour'd
           under
           by
           that
           Union
           ;
           For
           he
           by
           the
           Advice
           of
           some
           Enemies
           to
           our
           Nation
           ,
           did
           in
           an
           Imperious
           and
           Arbitrary
           manner
           ,
           send
           for
           our
           Crown
           ,
           tho
           the
           only
           Monument
           almost
           left
           us
           of
           our
           Independency
           and
           Freedom
           ;
           but
           was
           generously
           answer'd
           by
           him
           that
           had
           it
           in
           keeping
           ,
           
           That
           if
           he
           would
           come
           and
           be
           Crown'd
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           he
           should
           have
           all
           the
           Honour
           done
           him
           ,
           that
           ever
           was
           to
           his
           Ancestors
           ;
           but
           if
           he
           d●…d
           not
           think
           it
           worth
           his
           while
           ,
           they
           might
           perhaps
           be
           inclin'd
           to
           make
           cho●…e
           of
           another
           Soveraign
           ,
           or
           to
           that
           effect
           ;
           as
           record●…d
           in
           the
           Con●…uation
           of
           S●…r
           Richard
           Baker's
           History
           .
           Another
           〈◊〉
           we
           had
           by
           that
           Union
           of
           the
           Crown
           ,
           was
           this
           ,
           That
           that
           unfortunate
           Prince
           being
           inspir'd
           with
           an
           Aversion
           to
           the
           Constitution
           of
           our
           Country
           ,
           by
           his
           Education
           in
           the
           Court
           of
           England
           ,
           he
           made
           an
           unnatural
           War
           upon
           us
           ,
           to
           bring
           us
           to
           a
           Conformity
           with
           England
           in
           Church-Matters
           .
           We
           shall
           not
           here
           offer
           to
           debate
           ,
           which
           of
           the
           Churches
           was
           best
           const●…uted
           ,
           or
           most
           agreeable
           to
           the
           Scripture-Pattern
           :
           It
           suffices
           for
           our
           Argument
           ,
           that
           we
           were
           injur'd
           in
           having
           a
           Forreign
           Model
           offered
           to
           be
           obtruded
           upon
           us
           ,
           which
           was
           ●…he
           Cons●…quence
           of
           the
           Union
           of
           the
           Crowns
           ,
           and
           of
           having
           our
           King
           e●…ucated
           in
           another
           N●…tion
           ;
           but
           that
           was
           not
           all
           ,
           another
           mischievous
           effect
           of
           the
           Union
           was
           this
           ,
           that
           whatever
           K.
           Charles
           had
           deserv'd
           at
           our
           hands
           .
           
             ●…et
             out
             of
             natural
             Af●…ection
             ,
             Conscience
             and
             Honour
             .
             we
             were
             oblig'd
             to
             do
             what
             we
             could
             to
             prevent
             his
             illegal
             Trial
             and
             Death
             ,
             and
             to
             defend
             his
             Sons
             Title
             ,
             which
             threw
             us
             into
             Convulsions
             at
             home
             occasion'd
             us
             the
             loss
             of
             several
             Armies
             ,
             and
             expos●…d
             our
             Nation
             afterwards
             to
             Ruine
             and
             Deva●…tation
             by
             our
             implacable
             Enemy
             the
             Usurper
             ,
             which
             together
             with
             the
             Ungrateful
             Retributions
             made
             us
             by
             the
             Government
             after
             the
             Restoration
             ,
             were
             enough
             to
             have
             wearied
             any
             Nation
             under
             Heav●…n
             ,
             but
             our selves
             ,
             of
             the
             Union
             of
             the
             Crowns
             .
          
        
         
           Yet
           such
           was
           our
           Z●…al
           for
           the
           Protestant
           Intrest
           ,
           the
           Welfare
           of
           the
           Isl●…nd
           ,
           and
           the
           Liberty
           of
           Europe
           ,
           that
           tho
           we
           had
           a
           〈◊〉
           oppor●…ity
           of
           providing
           otherwise
           for
           our
           〈◊〉
           and
           the
           Advancement
           of
           ou●…
           Trade
           ,
           and
           of
           forming
           our selves
           into
           a
           Common
           wealth
           ,
           or
           or
           bringing
           England
           to
           our
           own
           terms
           ,
           yet
           we
           frankly
           and
           generously
           concurr'd
           with
           them
           to
           settl●…
           our
           G●…vernment
           on
           the
           same
           Persons
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           same
           manner
           as
           they
           did
           
           theirs
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           Reward
           we
           had
           from
           them
           is
           ,
           that
           an
           Union
           of
           the
           Nations
           ,
           tho
           twice
           propos'd
           by
           his
           Majesty
           in
           Parliament
           ,
           hath
           been
           〈◊〉
           rejected
           ,
           our
           King
           questioned
           by
           Parliament
           of
           
           England
           ●…or
           an
           Act
           of
           his
           Parliament
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           manifest
           Impeachment
           of
           our
           Soveraignty
           ;
           a
           Compliance
           with
           which
           excluded
           Baliol
           and
           his
           Heirs
           for
           ever
           from
           our
           Crown
           ▪
           and
           to
           this
           they
           have
           added
           an
           opposition
           to
           our
           receiving
           foreign
           Subscriptions
           at
           Hamburgh
           and
           elsewhere
           ,
           refus'd
           us
           a
           Supply
           of
           Corn
           for
           our
           Money
           ▪
           to
           relieve
           us
           in
           our
           Distress
           ;
           and
           discourag'd
           our
           Settlement
           a●…
           Darien
           ,
           by
           forbidding
           their
           Subjects
           to
           Trade
           with
           us
           there
           .
           If
           these
           continued
           Slights
           and
           Injuries
           be
           not
           enough
           to
           make
           us
           weary
           of
           the
           Union
           of
           the
           Crowns
           ,
           let
           any
           Man
           judge
           .
        
         
           To
           discover
           a
           little
           of
           the
           unreasonableness
           of
           this
           sort
           of
           Treatment
           ,
           we
           dare
           appeal
           to
           the
           calm
           thoughts
           of
           such
           of
           our
           Neighbours
           in
           England
           ,
           as
           prefer
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Publick
           to
           private
           Animosities
           ,
           and
           foolish
           ill-grounded
           Piques
           ,
           either
           as
           to
           Church
           or
           State
           ;
           whether
           at
           the
           time
           of
           the
           Revolution
           ,
           and
           before
           we
           declar'd
           our selves
           ,
           they
           would
           not
           have
           been
           willing
           to
           have
           assur'd
           themselves
           of
           our
           Friendship
           ,
           at
           the
           rare
           of
           uniting
           with
           us
           as
           one
           Nation
           ?
           Had
           we
           but
           demurr'd
           upon
           for●…eiting
           the
           late
           K.
           James
           ,
           or
           made
           but
           a
           Proffer
           of
           renewing
           our
           antient
           League
           with
           France
           ,
           and
           joining
           with
           that
           Crown
           to
           keep
           that
           Prince
           upon
           rhe
           Throne
           of
           Great-Britain
           ;
           they
           know
           we
           might
           have
           made
           what
           Terms
           we
           pleas'd
           with
           the
           late
           King
           &
           Louis
           XIV
           .
           on
           that
           condition
           ,
           and
           might
           have
           been
           restor'd
           to
           all
           the
           Honours
           and
           Privileges
           that
           our
           Ancestors
           enjoy'd
           in
           France
           ,
           which
           were
           almost
           equal
           to
           those
           of
           the
           N●…tives
           ;
           and
           yet
           that
           gallant
           Nation
           thought
           it
           no
           disparagement
           to
           them
           ,
           however
           we
           be
           despis'd
           and
           u●…dervalued
           now
           by
           a
           certain
           Party
           in
           England
           .
        
         
           Had
           we
           but
           seem'd
           to
           have
           made
           such
           Overtures
           ,
           the
           English
           must
           needs
           have
           foreseen
           that
           the
           natural
           Consequences
           of
           such
           a
           design
           ,
           i●…
           it
           had
           taken
           effect
           ,
           must
           have
           been
           these
           ,
           viz
           the
           late
           King's
           Adherents
           in
           England
           would
           certainly
           have
           join'd
           
           us
           and
           our
           Nation
           would
           have
           afforded
           them
           a
           safe
           retreat
           ,
           in
           case
           of
           any
           Disaster
           ,
           till
           they
           could
           have
           concerted
           Matters
           to
           the
           best
           advantage
           ;
           the
           late
           King
           would
           not
           have
           yielded
           himself
           such
           an
           easy
           Conquest
           ,
           nor
           disbanded
           his
           Army
           in
           such
           a
           manner
           as
           he
           did
           ;
           Ireland
           had
           certainly
           never
           revolted
           ,
           since
           every
           one
           knows
           that
           the
           Revolution
           was
           begun
           ,
           and
           in
           a
           great
           measure
           perfected
           there
           by
           the
           Scots
           of
           the
           North
           ;
           so
           that
           England
           must
           have
           become
           the
           Theatre
           of
           War
           ,
           been
           lyable
           to
           an
           Invasion
           ●…rom
           France
           on
           all
           occasions
           ,
           would
           only
           have
           strengthned
           her
           Fetters
           by
           struggling
           with
           them
           ,
           and
           expos'd
           all
           the
           Patriots
           of
           her
           Religion
           and
           Liberty
           to
           Butchery
           and
           Destruction
           .
        
         
           These
           must
           certainly
           have
           been
           the
           Consequences
           os
           our
           adhering
           to
           the
           late
           King
           ,
           and
           the
           English
           would
           have
           thought
           they
           had
           had
           a
           very
           good
           Bargain
           if
           they
           could
           have
           bought
           us
           off
           in
           that
           Case
           with
           uniting
           both
           the
           Kingdoms
           into
           one
           ,
           and
           granting
           us
           a
           joint
           Trade
           to
           their
           own
           Plantations
           ;
           whereas
           now
           they
           will
           not
           allow
           us
           to
           settle
           a
           Forreign
           Colony
           of
           our
           own
           ,
           and
           treat
           us
           as
           Forreigners
           in
           theirs
           .
        
         
           To
           shew
           that
           this
           is
           not
           a
           mere
           Conjecture
           ,
           that
           has
           no
           other
           ground
           but
           a
           Vision
           of
           the
           Brain
           ,
           they
           may
           be
           pleased
           to
           consider
           the
           honourable
           Privileges
           granted
           US
           by
           their
           Ancestors
           ,
           and
           some
           of
           the
           greatest
           Princes
           that
           ever
           swayed
           their
           Scepter
           ,
           viz
           ;
           King
           Edward
           and
           William
           the
           Conqueror
           ,
           who
           by
           the
           Consent
           of
           the
           States
           in
           Parliament
           assembled
           ,
           enacted
           ,
           
             That
             the
          
           Scots
           
             should
             be
             accounted
             Deniz●…ns
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             and
             enjoy
             the
             same
             privileges
             with
             themselves
             ,
             because
             of
             their
             frequent
             Intermarriages
             with
             the
          
           English
           ,
           
             and
             that
             they
             did
             ever
             stand
             stoutly
             as
             one
             Man
             with
             them
             ,
             for
             the
             common
             Utility
             of
             the
             Crown
             and
             Kingdom
             ,
             against
             the
          
           Danes
           and
           Norwegians
           ,
           
             fought
             it
             most
             valiantly
             and
             unanimously
             against
             the
             common
             Enemy
             ,
             and
             bore
             the
             burden
             of
             most
             fierce
             Wars
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             This
             they
             will
             sind
             in
             a
             Book
             call'd
          
           Archaionomia
           ,
           
             translated
             from
             the
          
           Saxon
           by
           
             William
             Lambard
          
           ,
           and
           printed
           at
           London
           by
           
             Jo●…n
             Day
          
           in
           1568.
           
        
         
         
           It
           must
           be
           granted
           ,
           that
           the
           Reasons
           of
           such
           a
           grateful
           Retribution
           are
           redoubled
           now
           :
           Intermarriages
           betwixt
           the
           two
           Nations
           are
           more
           frequent
           than
           ever
           ;
           the
           Union
           of
           the
           Kingdoms
           under
           one
           Crown
           for
           almost
           100
           years
           ;
           the
           generous
           Concurrence
           of
           the
           Scots
           in
           the
           last
           Revolution
           ;
           their
           loss
           of
           so
           many
           gallant
           Officers
           and
           brave
           Soldiers
           in
           the
           common
           Cause
           during
           the
           late
           War
           ,
           and
           the
           preservation
           of
           Ireland
           ,
           which
           hath
           been
           twice
           owing
           to
           ou●…
           Countreymen
           ,
           might
           reasonably
           entitle
           us
           to
           the
           same
           Priviledges
           now
           ,
           that
           our
           Ancestors
           were
           formerly
           allow'd
           by
           K.
           Edward
           ,
           and
           William
           the
           Conqueror
           .
           
             We
             need
             not
             insist
             on
             another
             sort
             of
             Obligati●…n
             ,
             that
             we
             have
             put
             upon
          
           England
           ,
           
             twice
             within
             this
             60
             years
          
           ,
           viz
           :
           
             the
             delivering
             them
             from
             their
             Oppressions
             in
             the
             time
             of
          
           K.
           Charles
           
             I.
             the
             Anarchy
             of
             the
             Rump
             ,
             and
             several
             Models
             of
             Armies
             and
             Juntos
             .
             by
             encouraging
             General
          
           Monk
           '
           
             s
             Undertaking
             ;
             for
             it
             cannot
             be
             denied
             that
             we
             had
             the
             Ballance
             of
          
           Europe
           
             in
             our
             hands
             ,
             at
             the
             time
             of
             the
             last
             Revolution
             ,
             and
             that
             we
             turned
             the
             Scale
             to
             the
             advantage
             of
          
           England
           
             in
             particular
             ,
             and
             of
          
           Europe
           
             in
             general
             ,
             which
             must
             be
             allowed
             to
             be
             as
             great
             a
             Service
             ,
             as
             that
             which
             was
             so
             thankfully
             rewarded
             by
          
           Edward
           ,
           and
           William
           
             the
             Conquero
             ;
             whence
             it
             is
             evident
             that
             those
          
           Englishmen
           ;
           
             who
             at
             present
             oppose
             our
             Settlement
             in
          
           America
           ,
           
             don't
             inherit
             the
             gratitude
             of
             their
             Ancestors
             ,
             when
             they
             not
             only
             will
             not
             allow
             us
             to
             trade
             in
             Conjunction
             with
             them
             ,
             but
             withstand
             our
             doing
             any
             thing
             that
             may
             advance
             ▪
             a
             Trade
             ▪
             by
             our selves
             .
          
        
         
           
             If
             they
             object
             that
             what
             we
             did
             in
             all
             those
             cases
             ,
             was
             no
             more
             th●…n
             our
             duty
             ,
             and
             what
             we
             ow'd
             to
             our
             own
             preservation
             as
             well
             as
             to
             theirs
             :
             it
             is
             easie
             to
             reply
             ,
             that
             admitting
             it
             to
             be
             so
             ,
             yet
             by
             the
             Laws
             of
             GOD
             and
             Men
             People
             are
             encouraged
             to
             perform
             their
             Duties
             by
             Rewards
             ;
             and
             their
             Ancestors
             were
             so
             sensible
             of
             this
             ,
             that
             tho
             they
             knew
             we
             were
             equally
             coneern'd
             to
             defend
             the
             Island
             against
             foreign
             Invaders
             as
             well
             as
             they
             ,
             yet
             they
             thought
             themselves
             obliged
             in
             Policy
             as
             well
             as
             Gratitude
             ,
             to
             reward
             us
             ;
             which
             they
             not
             only
             did
             by
             that
             Honorary
          
           Premium
           
             of
             allowing
             us
             to
             be
             Denisons
             of
          
           England
           .
           
             as
             abovementioned
             ,
             but
             sometimes
             gave
             to
             us
             ,
             and
             at
             other
             times
             confirm'd
             to
             us
             the
          
           
           
             three
             Northern
             Counties
             of
          
           Northumberland
           ,
           Westmorland
           ,
           and
           Cumberland
           ,
           
             to
             be
             held
             in
             Fee
             of
             the
             Crown
             of
          
           England
           .
        
         
           
             It
             is
             likewise
             very
             well
             known
             with
             how
             much
             honour
             the
             Parliament
             of
          
           England
           
             treated
             us
             ,
             when
             they
             courted
             onr
             Assistance
             against
             K.
          
           Charles
           I.
           
             and
             what
             large
             Promises
             that
             Prince
             made
             us
             ,
             if
             we
             would
             have
             but
             stood
             Neuter
             ;
             which
             tho
             we
             had
             reason
             to
             think
             many
             of
             those
             that
             opposed
             him
             had
             no
             great
             kindness
             neither
             for
             our
             Civil
             nor
             Ecclesiastical
             Constitution
             ,
             yet
             the
             sence
             that
             we
             had
             of
             the
             common
             danger
             that
             our
             Religion
             and
             Liberties
             were
             in
             at
             that
             time
             ,
             made
             us
             proof
             against
             all
             those
             Tentations
             ;
             so
             that
             after
             all
             Endeavours
             for
             a
             Reconciliation
             betwixt
             the
             King
             and
             Parliament
             of
          
           England
           
             proved
             unsuccessful
             ,
             we
             sent
             an
             Army
             ,
             which
             cast
             the
             Ballance
             on
             the
             side
             of
             the
             latter
             ,
             who
             before
             that
             time
             were
             reduced
             low
             enough
             by
             the
             Kings
             Army
             ,
             as
             is
             very
             well
             known
             to
             such
             as
             are
             acquainted
             with
             the
             History
             of
             those
             times
             ,
             and
             is
             own'd
             by
             my
             Lord
          
           Hollis
           
             in
             his
             Memoirs
             lately
             published
          
           .
        
         
           But
           to
           return
           to
           the
           last
           Revolution
           ;
           Tho
           we
           must
           own
           that
           we
           owe
           our
           Deliverance
           to
           his
           present
           Majesty
           ,
           and
           were
           oblig'd
           in
           Conscience
           and
           Honour
           to
           concurr
           with
           him
           ;
           
             Tet
             who
             could
             have
             blam'd
             us
             to
             have
             stood
             upon
             Terms
             before
             we
             had
             fallen
             in
             with
          
           England
           ,
           Especially
           considering
           how
           ungratefully
           (
           nay
           villanously
           )
           we
           were
           treated
           by
           Cromwel
           and
           his
           Party
           ,
           after
           we
           had
           sav'd
           them
           and
           the
           Parliament
           of
           England
           ,
           from
           the
           Scorpions
           that
           the
           Cavaliers
           had
           prepar'd
           to
           chastise
           them
           with
           ;
           as
           is
           own'd
           by
           the
           said
           Lord
           Hollis
           .
           Not
           could
           we
           have
           been
           any
           way
           Calpable
           ,
           if
           we
           had
           stood
           upon
           higher
           and
           surer
           Terms
           with
           his
           Majesty
           ,
           
             Considering
             how
             unthankfully
             we
             were
             abus'd
             and
             enslav'd
             by
             our
             late
             Kings
             ,
             for
             whom
             we
             had
             acted
             and
             suffered
             so
             much
             .
          
           And
           tho
           we
           must
           own
           that
           no
           less
           Present
           than
           that
           of
           ou●…
           Crown
           ,
           was
           sufficient
           to
           testify
           our
           Gratitude
           for
           what
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           had
           done
           for
           us
           ,
           yet
           we
           were
           under
           no
           necessity
           of
           gratifying
           him
           in
           that
           manner
           ,
           since
           our
           Deliverance
           was
           effected
           before
           hand
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           himself
           in
           his
           Declaration
           ,
           expres'd
           it
           to
           be
           no
           part
           of
           his
           design
           to
           come
           for
           the
           Crown
           ,
           so
           that
           our
           Re
           ward
           was
           as
           frank
           and
           generous
           as
           his
           Service
           .
        
         
         
           Then
           as
           to
           England
           ,
           we
           were
           under
           no
           manner
           of
           obligation
           to
           continue
           the
           Union
           with
           them
           ;
           
             We
             might
             have
             insisted
             upon
             having
             our
             King
             obliged
             to
             reside
             as
             much
             amongst
             us
             ,
             as
             amongst
             them
             :
             that
             we
             should
             be
             govern'd
             without
             any
             Consideration
             or
             respect
             to
             their
             Interest
             ,
             any
             further
             than
             it
             fell
             in
             with
             our
             own
             .
          
           We
           might
           have
           insisted
           upon
           an
           Act
           ,
           that
           we
           should
           not
           be
           oblig'd
           to
           attend
           his
           Majesty
           at
           any
           time
           at
           the
           Court
           of
           England
           ,
           about
           our
           Affairs
           ;
           but
           that
           he
           should
           either
           attend
           upon
           our
           Administration
           in
           person
           
             pro
             re
             nata
          
           ,
           as
           he
           does
           now
           upon
           the
           Affairs
           of
           Holland
           ,
           or
           lay
           down
           Methods
           to
           have
           his
           Pleasure
           signified
           to
           us
           at
           Home
           in
           such
           cases
           as
           it
           was
           requir'd
           ;
           which
           would
           save
           a
           vast
           deal
           of
           Money
           annually
           to
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Scotland
           .
           Then
           as
           to
           the
           Succession
           ,
           we
           were
           under
           no
           Necessity
           of
           settling
           it
           in
           the
           same
           manner
           as
           they
           did
           in
           England
           ;
           for
           since
           they
           had
           made
           a
           Breach
           in
           the
           Line
           ,
           they
           could
           not
           handsomely
           have
           blam'd
           us
           to
           have
           made
           an
           improvement
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           either
           to
           have
           limited
           the
           Reversion
           after
           his
           present
           Majesty's
           Death
           ,
           or
           otherwise
           as
           we
           should
           have
           thought
           best
           ,
           for
           the
           Security
           of
           our
           Civil
           and
           Religious
           Liberties
           ;
           or
           we
           might
           have
           settled
           it
           upon
           the
           Prince
           of
           Orange
           ,
           and
           his
           Issue
           by
           any
           other
           Wife
           ,
           there
           being
           cause
           enough
           then
           to
           conceive
           that
           he
           was
           never
           like
           to
           have
           any
           by
           his
           late
           excellent
           Princess
           .
           Had
           we
           taken
           any
           of
           these
           Methods
           ,
           it
           must
           be
           own'd
           that
           England
           would
           have
           been
           considerably
           weakned
           ,
           and
           lessen'd
           in
           the
           Esteem
           of
           the
           World
           by
           it
           ;
           that
           we
           should
           have
           thereby
           had
           an
           opportunity
           of
           making
           such
           Forreign
           Alliances
           with
           France
           ,
           as
           formerly
           ,
           or
           with
           any
           other
           Nation
           ,
           as
           would
           have
           made
           England
           uneasy
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           unsafe
           on
           occasion
           ;
           and
           therefore
           it
           must
           be
           reckon'd
           highly
           impolitick
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           ungrateful
           ,
           in
           our
           Neighbours
           to
           treat
           us
           continually
           at
           such
           a
           rate
           ,
           as
           if
           they
           had
           a
           mind
           to
           bring
           us
           under
           Subjection
           ,
           since
           we
           have
           so
           many
           open
           Doors
           to
           get
           out
           at
           .
        
         
         
           
             They
             must
             not
             think
             that
             we
             have
             so
             far
             degenerated
             from
             the
             Courage
             and
             Honour
             of
             our
             Ancestors
             ,
             as
             tamely
             to
             submit
             to
             become
             their
             Vassals
             ,
             when
             for
             2000
             years
             we
             have
             maintain'd
             our
             Freedom
             ;
             and
             therefore
             it
             is
             not
             their
             Interest
             to
             oppress
             us
             too
             much
             .
             If
             they
             consult
             their
             Histories
             ,
             they
             will
             find
             that
             we
             alwayes
             broke
             their
             Yoke
             at
             long-run
             ,
             if
             at
             any
             time
             we
             were
             brought
             under
             it
             by
             force
             or
             Fraud
             .
             The
             best
             way
             to
             assure
             themselves
             of
             us
             ,
             is
             to
             treat
             us
             in
             a
             Friendly
             manner
             :
             Tho
             we
             be
             not
             so
             great
             and
             powerful
             as
             they
             ,
             it
             is
             not
             impossible
             for
             us
             to
             find
             such
             Allies
             as
             may
             enable
             us
             to
             defend
             our selves
             now
             as
             well
             as
             formerly
             .
          
        
         
           None
           of
           these
           things
           are
           suggested
           with
           an
           ill
           design
           to
           raise
           
             Annimosity
             betwixt
             the
             Nations
          
           ,
           or
           to
           perswade
           to
           a
           Separation
           of
           the
           Crowns
           ,
           but
           meerly
           to
           shew
           those
           of
           our
           Neighbours
           ,
           who
           use
           us
           os
           unkindly
           ,
           that
           they
           are
           bound
           in
           Gratitude
           ,
           Duty
           and
           Interest
           to
           do
           otherwise
           ,
           and
           particularly
           to
           support
           us
           in
           our
           American
           Settlement
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           lay
           our
           King
           under
           a
           necessity
           by
           their
           froward
           Humours
           in
           Parliament
           or
           otherwise
           ,
           to
           discourage
           us
           in
           that
           Undertaking
           ,
           as
           they
           have
           hitherto
           done
           ,
           and
           continue
           still
           to
           do
           in
           their
           American
           Colonies
           ,
           
             by
             their
             Proclamations
             against
             having
             any
             Commerce
             or
             Trade
             with
             the
          
           Scots
           at
           Darien
           ;
           Tho
           they
           be
           settled
           there
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Terms
           of
           his
           own
           Patent
           ,
           and
           an
           Act
           of
           Parliament
           in
           Scotland
           .
        
         
           We
           are
           not
           insensible
           that
           the
           present
           Juncture
           of
           Affairs
           obliges
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           England
           to
           carry
           fair
           with
           Spain
           ,
           and
           may
           admit
           that
           in
           part
           as
           an
           Apology
           for
           some
           of
           that
           Opposition
           we
           have
           met
           wi●…h
           from
           them
           ;
           but
           the
           questioning
           our
           Act
           of
           Parliament
           at
           first
           ,
           and
           their
           hindering
           our
           Subscriptions
           at
           Hamburgh
           afterward
           ,
           before
           ever
           they
           knew
           what
           our
           design
           was
           ,
           make
           that
           excuse
           of
           little
           weight
           :
           but
           allowing
           it
           all
           the
           Force
           they
           would
           have
           it
           to
           bear
           ,
           it
           may
           be
           worth
           their
           while
           to
           consider
           whether
           it
           be
           more
           their
           Interest
           to
           incourage
           the
           Spaniards
           in
           an
           unjust
           Opposition
           to
           our
           American
           Settlement
           ,
           or
           to
           support
           the
           Scots
           in
           maintaining
           their
           Right
           .
           It
           is
           certain
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           
           are
           in
           no
           condition
           to
           break
           with
           England
           ;
           or
           if
           they
           should
           ,
           it
           's
           in
           the
           power
           of
           the
           English
           to
           reduce
           them
           speedily
           to
           reason
           :
           whereas
           if
           the
           Scots
           should
           miscarry
           in
           their
           Undertaking
           by
           the
           Discouragements
           from
           England
           before-mentioned
           ,
           which
           exposes
           our
           Ships
           to
           be
           taken
           and
           treated
           a
           Pirates
           by
           any
           Nation
           that
           pleases
           ,
           the
           infallible
           consequence
           of
           it
           will
           be
           ,
           that
           the
           Ruin
           and
           utter
           impov'rishment
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           which
           must
           necessarily
           follow
           such
           a
           miscarriage
           ,
           will
           immediatly
           affect
           England
           both
           in
           her
           Trade
           and
           Strength
           :
           The
           City
           of
           London
           and
           the
           Northern
           Road
           will
           soon
           feel
           the
           Effects
           of
           it
           ,
           when
           the
           Money
           spent
           by
           our
           Gentry
           and
           Merchants
           continually
           for
           Cloaths
           ,
           Provisions
           ,
           and
           Goods
           ,
           ceases
           to
           circulate
           there
           :
           England
           must
           unavoidably
           become
           an
           easier
           Prey
           to
           any
           forreign
           Enemy
           ;
           since
           it
           will
           not
           be
           only
           the
           loss
           of
           a
           Tribe
           ,
           but
           of
           an
           entire
           Sister-Nation
           .
           Or
           supposing
           that
           Scotland
           should
           be
           able
           to
           bear
           up
           under
           the
           loss
           ,
           it
           will
           lay
           the
           Foundation
           of
           an
           irreconcilable
           Feud
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           issue
           in
           a
           War
           betwixt
           the
           two
           Nations
           ;
           which
           did
           never
           yet
           terminate
           at
           long
           run
           to
           the
           advantage
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           is
           as
           unlikely
           to
           do
           so
           now
           as
           ever
           :
           For
           in
           such
           a
           case
           they
           would
           find
           us
           unanimous
           as
           one
           Man
           against
           them
           ;
           whereas
           we
           are
           sure
           that
           all
           those
           who
           wish
           well
           to
           the
           Protestant
           Interest
           ,
           and
           their
           present
           Constitution
           ,
           would
           never
           join
           in
           any
           such
           War
           against
           us
           ;
           and
           therefore
           those
           who
           are
           Enemies
           to
           the
           Peace
           of
           the
           Nations
           ,
           being
           aware
           of
           this
           ,
           labour
           to
           Effect
           their
           design
           by
           another
           Method
           ,
           and
           endeavour
           as
           much
           as
           they
           can
           to
           dash
           the
           Government
           against
           one
           another
           .
           But
           they
           are
           mistaken
           in
           the
           People
           of
           Scotland
           :
           we
           are
           so
           sensible
           of
           our
           obligations
           to
           K.
           William
           ;
           and
           know
           so
           well
           what
           is
           due
           to
           our
           Deliverer
           ,
           that
           it
           surpasses
           all
           their
           Art
           to
           create
           in
           us
           the
           least
           ill
           thought
           of
           him
           ;
           it
           is
           not
           in
           the
           temper
           of
           our
           Nation
           .
           The
           World
           knows
           that
           however
           frequent
           and
           successful
           we
           have
           been
           in
           reducing
           our
           bad
           Kings
           to
           reason
           ,
           yet
           there
           never
           was
           any
           People
           under
           the
           Sun
           more
           Loyal
           and
           affectionate
           to
           good
           Princes
           than
           we
           have
           been
           ;
           
           and
           is
           ,
           when
           we
           have
           been
           forc'●…
           to
           oppose
           our
           Monarchs
           ,
           private
           Persons
           have
           sometimes
           carried
           ●…eir
           R●…tments
           too
           high
           ,
           yet
           the
           publick
           Justice
           of
           the
           Nation
           was
           alw●…e
           govern'd
           with
           Temper
           .
           We
           could
           multiply
           instances
           to
           prove
           this
           ,
           but
           need
           go
           no
           higher
           than
           the
           three
           last
           Kings
           ,
           who
           tho
           a●…
           o●…
           them
           Enemies
           to
           our
           Constitution
           ,
           as
           appear'd
           by
           their
           Principles
           and
           Practices
           ,
           yet
           it
           's
           very
           well
           known
           what
           we
           both
           did
           and
           suffer'd
           for
           them
           ,
           and
           particularly
           for
           K
           C●…arles
           I.
           tho
           the
           Malice
           of
           a
           Faction
           in
           our
           Neighbouring
           Nation
           six'd
           a
           ●…ous
           Reproach
           upon
           us
           ,
           as
           if
           w●…
           had
           sold
           ●…im
           ;
           〈◊〉
           which
           Ref●…ection
           we
           are
           sufficiently
           vindicated
           by
           the
           Lord
           
           Hollis's
           Memoirs
           before-mentioned
           ;
           wherein
           that
           exc●…llent
           P●…rson
           makes
           it
           Evident
           ,
           that
           tho
           our
           War
           against
           that
           Prince
           was
           just
           ,
           yet
           we
           had
           all
           possible
           respect
           for
           his
           Person
           ,
           made
           the
           〈◊〉
           Conditions
           ●…e
           could
           for
           his
           Safe●…y
           and
           Honour
           .
           and
           to
           avoid
           greater
           Misch●…fs
           ,
           and
           the
           playing
           of
           our
           Enemies
           Came
           to
           the
           〈◊〉
           of
           our
           s●…lves
           and
           his
           Majesty
           ,
           we
           were
           〈◊〉
           to
           〈◊〉
           him
           in
           
             England
             ,
             Memoirs
          
           p.
           68.
           
        
         
           
             Then
             since
             we
             carried
             it
             so
             to
             a
             Prince
             that
             had
             been
             no
             〈◊〉
             kind
             to
             us
             ,
             it
             will
             be
             impossible
             to
             create
             a
             Breach
             〈◊〉
             ●…s
             an●…
             a
             Prince
             ,
             to
             whom
             ,
             under
             God
             ,
             we
             owe
             all
             that
             we
             〈◊〉
             as
             Me●…
             and
             〈◊〉
             :
             But
             at
             the
             same
             time
             our
             Neighbours
             w●…o
             〈◊〉
             ●…o
             dri●…e
             〈◊〉
             N●…il
             as
             far
             as
             it
             will
             go
             ,
             would
             do
             well
             to
             〈◊〉
             ●…hat
             ●…e
             never
             b●…liev
             d
             that
             Doctrine
             in
          
           Scotland
           ,
           
             that
             it
             is
             〈◊〉
             to
             resist
             a
             King
             ,
             or
             〈◊〉
             that
             has
             a
             Commission
             under
             him
             ,
             upon
             any
             pretence
             whatsoever
             :
             we
             〈◊〉
             that
             Doctrine
             in
          
           Scythia
           ,
           
             〈◊〉
             wh●…ce
             s●…me
             A●…ors
             derive
             our
             Origin
             ,
             and
             think
             it
             o●…ly
             fit
             to
             be
             ●…nt
             back
             to
          
           Turkey
           ,
           
             from
             whence
             it
             came
             .
             We
             know
             very
             well
             how
             to
             distinguish
             betwixt
             a
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             ,
             and
             the
             abuse
             of
             it
             ;
             And
             our
             Ancestors
             rightly
             understood
             how
             to
             obey
             the
             lawful
             Commands
             of
             their
             Princes
             ▪
             when
             Masters
             of
             themselves
             ,
             and
             how
             to
             govern
             by
             their
             Authority
             .
             and
             in
             their
             Name
             ,
             when
             ●…ey
             were
             not
             ;
             tho
             they
             did
             not
             think
             themselves
             obliged
             to
             o●…ey
             their
             personal
             Commands
             .
             when
             the
             Fortune
             o●…
             War
             ,
             or
             other
             Accidents
             had
             put
             them
             into
             the
             hands
             of
             our
             Enemies
             .
          
           
           Thus
           we
           refused
           Obedience
           to
           K.
           James
           I.
           when
           detain'd
           prisonet
           in
           England
           ,
           contrary
           to
           the
           Law
           of
           Nations
           ,
           and
           carried
           over
           into
           France
           ,
           to
           command
           his
           Subjects
           there
           ,
           not
           to
           bear
           Arms
           against
           the
           English
           Army
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           in
           person
           .
           We
           told
           him
           we
           knew
           how
           to
           Extinguish
           betwixt
           the
           Commands
           of
           a
           King
           ,
           and
           those
           of
           a
           Captive
           :
           And
           that
           most
           of
           the
           Kings
           of
           Scots
           have
           been
           such
           in
           Relation
           to
           us
           since
           the
           Union
           ,
           we
           could
           heartily
           wish
           were
           not
           too
           demonstrable
           .
        
         
           To
           return
           to
           the
           point
           of
           what
           may
           probably
           be
           the
           Consequences
           ,
           if
           the
           English
           should
           proceed
           to
           any
           surther
           degree
           of
           of
           Opposition
           ;
           Or
           if
           the
           Scots
           should
           misearry
           in
           the
           Design
           .
           It
           's
           reasonable
           to
           believe
           ,
           that
           the
           English
           will
           be
           so
           wise
           as
           to
           forbear
           Hostilities
           ,
           tho
           we
           are
           very
           well
           satisfied
           ,
           there
           is
           a
           Party
           in
           that
           Nation
           ,
           who
           bear
           ours
           no
           Good-will
           ;
           but
           they
           being
           such
           as
           are
           either
           disaffected
           to
           the
           present
           Constitution
           ,
           or
           acted
           by
           a
           sordid
           principle
           of
           private
           Interest
           ,
           it
           's
           to
           be
           hop'd
           they
           will
           never
           be
           able
           so
           far
           to
           leaven
           the
           sound
           part
           of
           the
           English
           Nation
           ,
           as
           to
           occasion
           a
           Rupture
           betwixt
           them
           and
           us
           ,
           Yet
           we
           must
           needs
           say
           ,
           that
           we
           look
           upon
           their
           way
           of
           treating
           us
           to
           be
           a
           very
           unaccountable
           thing
           ,
           and
           that
           it
           was
           no
           small
           surprise
           to
           us
           ,
           to
           find
           that
           an
           English
           Parliament
           should
           look
           on
           our
           taking
           Subscriptions
           in
           England
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           admit
           them
           Joint-Sharers
           with
           our selves
           ,
           in
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           Act
           to
           encourage
           our
           Trade
           ,
           to
           be
           no
           less
           than
           a
           high
           Misdemeanour
           .
           We
           have
           reason
           likewiwe
           to
           complain
           of
           their
           constant
           practice
           of
           pressing
           our
           Sea-men
           in
           time
           of
           War
           ,
           as
           if
           they
           were
           their
           own
           Subjects
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           should
           treat
           us
           in
           other
           respects
           ,
           as
           if
           we
           were
           Aliens
           ;
           and
           sometimes
           confiscate
           Ships
           ,
           by
           reckoning
           Scots
           Mariners
           as
           such
           :
           So
           that
           the
           English
           have
           not
           only
           depriv'd
           us
           of
           our
           Government
           ,
           and
           the
           warm
           influences
           of
           our
           Court
           ,
           the
           want
           o●…
           which
           is
           a
           considerable
           addition
           to
           the
           Natural
           coldness
           of
           our
           Climate
           ,
           but
           they
           likewise
           oppress
           us
           on
           all
           occasions
           ,
           
           and
           do
           〈◊〉
           endeavour
           to
           prevent
           our
           Application
           to
           Trade
           .
           We
           know
           there
           's
           a
           Party
           in
           that
           Nation
           ,
           who
           think
           we
           sustain'd
           no
           great
           loss
           by
           the
           removal
           of
           our
           Princes
           ;
           but
           we
           would
           wish
           them
           to
           consider
           what
           a
           murmuring
           they
           themselves
           make
           when
           the
           King
           goes
           annually
           to
           the
           Netherlands
           (
           tho
           the
           safety
           of
           Europe
           requires
           it
           )
           because
           of
           the
           damp
           it
           puts
           upon
           Trade
           ,
           and
           the
           Money
           it
           carries
           out
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           .
           Let
           them
           consider
           then
           what
           our
           Nation
           hath
           suffered
           in
           that
           respect
           now
           for
           almost
           100
           years
           ,
           besides
           the
           lessening
           our
           Esteem
           in
           the
           eyes
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           so
           that
           our
           Honour
           and
           Substance
           are
           both
           swallow'd
           up
           by
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           England
           ;
           and
           yet
           they
           will
           neither
           admit
           us
           to
           the
           privileges
           of
           ●…ellow-Subjects
           with
           themselves
           ,
           nor
           suffer
           us
           to
           take
           such
           measures
           as
           may
           enable
           us
           to
           stand
           on
           our
           own
           bottom
           .
           Certainly
           this
           is
           not
           the
           way
           to
           establish
           the
           Peace
           ,
           no●…
           to
           increase
           the
           Wealth
           of
           the
           Island
           .
        
         
           We
           know
           that
           it
           was
           a
           Maxime
           in
           some
           of
           the
           late
           Reigns
           .
           That
           it
           would
           never
           be
           well
           ,
           till
           all
           that
           part
           of
           Scotland
           on
           this
           side
           Forth
           ,
           were
           reduc'd
           to
           a
           hunting
           Field
           :
           but
           we
           were
           in
           hopes
           the
           bitterness
           of
           those
           days
           had
           been
           past
           :
           yet
           it
           seems
           that
           Party
           have
           still
           so
           far
           the
           ascendant
           amongst
           our
           Neighbours
           ,
           as
           to
           procure
           a
           publick
           Opposition
           to
           all
           our
           Endeavours
           for
           raising
           our
           Nation
           by
           Trade
           .
        
         
           It
           will
           upon
           due
           Examination
           be
           found
           as
           bad
           policy
           as
           it
           is
           Christianity
           ,
           to
           urge
           ,
           as
           some
           of
           our
           Neighbours
           do
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           the
           Interest
           of
           England
           to
           keep
           the
           Scots
           low
           ,
           because
           they
           are
           an
           independent
           and
           free
           Nation
           ▪
           and
           were
           our
           ancient
           Enemies
           ;
           and
           therefore
           may
           be
           dangerous
           Neighbours
           if
           they
           grow
           rich
           and
           potent
           .
           Nothing
           but
           Rancor
           and
           inveterate
           Malice
           can
           suggest
           such
           sour
           thoughts
           as
           these
           .
           It
           were
           fit
           that
           sort
           of
           Men
           should
           be
           purg'd
           of
           their
           Choler
           .
           The
           Scots
           to
           obviate
           all
           dangers
           from
           that
           h●…ad
           ,
           have
           ,
           tho
           they
           be
           much
           the
           ancienter
           Nation
           ,
           condescended
           so
           far
           as
           several
           times
           to
           propose
           an
           Union
           ,
           which
           the
           Gentlemen
           of
           that
           Kidney
           have
           hitherto
           prevented
           ;
           and
           therefore
           
           we
           would
           wish
           them
           to
           look
           back
           into
           their
           Histories
           ,
           ●…nd
           upon
           casting
           up
           their
           Accounts
           ,
           make
           a
           true
           Estimate
           of
           whatever
           they
           gain'd
           by
           a
           War
           with
           Scotland
           .
           They
           will
           find
           that
           their
           Ancestors
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           the
           Romans
           ,
           have
           been
           sensible
           ,
           as
           Tacitus
           expresses
           it
           ,
           
             Quos
             sibi
             Viros
             Caledonia
             seposuerit
          
           ;
           and
           that
           as
           it
           was
           true
           what
           ou
           Histo●…ian
           says
           of
           the
           unjust
           and
           treacherous
           War
           made
           upon
           us
           by
           
             Edwa●…d
             I.
          
           that
           
             Scotor●…
             nomen
             pene
             delevit
          
           ;
           it
           was
           also
           true
           what
           he
           says
           on
           the
           other
           hand
           ,
           that
           
             Angliam
             vehementer
             concussit
          
           :
           So
           that
           those
           Gentlemen
           take
           the
           direct
           way
           by
           opposing
           and
           oppressing
           us
           to
           ●…un
           into
           those
           dangers
           they
           would
           avoid
           :
           for
           they
           may
           assure
           themselves
           that
           if
           the
           English
           Opposition
           to
           our
           American
           Settlement
           should
           once
           break
           out
           into
           Hostilities
           ,
           the
           Scots
           will
           find
           some
           Allies
           ,
           antient
           or
           new
           ,
           that
           will
           be
           glad
           of
           the
           opportunity
           to
           join
           with
           them
           .
           O●…
           if
           ,
           which
           is
           most
           probable
           ,
           tho
           highly
           ungrateful
           and
           impolitick
           ,
           the
           English
           should
           so
           far
           neglect
           the
           Scots
           ,
           as
           to
           suffer
           them
           to
           be
           ov●…power'd
           by
           the
           French
           ,
           they
           may
           be
           sure
           that
           the
           Scots
           ,
           when
           put
           to
           their
           last
           shift
           ,
           can
           always
           make
           an
           honourable
           Capitulation
           with
           Fran●…e
           .
           It
           's
           not
           to
           be
           doubted
           ,
           but
           that
           Crown
           would
           be
           very
           willing
           to
           renew
           their
           antient
           Alliance
           with
           us
           ;
           and
           besides
           allowing
           us
           a
           share
           at
           least
           in
           the
           Trade
           of
           Darien
           ,
           would
           on
           co●…dition
           of
           giving
           them
           the
           possession
           of
           
             New
             Caledonia
          
           ,
           restore
           us
           likewise
           to
           all
           our
           ancient
           Privileges
           in
           France
           .
           They
           would
           think
           it
           a
           very
           good
           purchase
           if
           they
           could
           secure
           themselves
           of
           that
           Colony
           by
           doing
           so
           ,
           granting
           us
           what
           security
           we
           could
           reasonably
           desire
           for
           the
           uninterrupted
           Enjoyment
           of
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           ,
           and
           a
           Freedom
           of
           Trade
           to
           all
           places
           of
           the
           World
           ,
           where
           it
           did
           not
           actually
           interfere
           with
           their
           own
           Settlements
           and
           Colonies
           .
           So
           that
           if
           this
           should
           be
           the
           Case
           ,
           we
           leave
           it
           to
           our
           N●…ighbours
           to
           judge
           what
           would
           become
           of
           their
           East
           and
           
             West
             India
          
           Trade
           and
           Plantations
           ,
           and
           whether
           they
           would
           be
           able
           to
           stand
           out
           against
           France
           and
           US
           ,
           now
           that
           they
           have
           no
           footing
           on
           the
           Continent
           ,
           ●…nce
           formerly
           ,
           when
           they
           had
           so
           many
           Provinces
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           
           in
           their
           possession
           ,
           and
           could
           not
           do
           it
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           lost
           every
           foot
           of
           their
           French
           Dominions
           :
           Whereas
           had
           they
           been
           in
           Union
           with
           us
           ,
           they
           might
           certainly
           have
           retain'd
           them
           ,
           and
           by
           consequence
           have
           prevented
           the
           great
           Calamities
           that
           Europe
           hath
           since
           groan'd
           under
           by
           the
           prodigious
           Increase
           of
           the
           French
           Monarchy
           .
        
         
           This
           we
           think
           sufficient
           to
           convince
           those
           angry
           G●…ntlemen
           in
           our
           neighbouring
           Nation
           ,
           that
           are
           so
           very
           much
           disgusted
           with
           our
           American
           Settlement
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           the
           Interest
           of
           England
           to
           join
           with
           us
           and
           support
           it
           ,
           and
           that
           it
           may
           be
           of
           dangerous
           Consequence
           to
           them
           ?
           either
           to
           oppose
           or
           neglect
           us
           :
           Whereas
           by
           joining
           cordially
           in
           this
           Matter
           ,
           they
           may
           unite
           us
           inseparably
           to
           themselves
           for
           ever
           ,
           inrich
           their
           own
           Nation
           ,
           secure
           and
           advance
           the
           Protestant
           Interest
           ,
           keep
           the
           Ballance
           of
           Europe
           in
           their
           Hands
           ,
           
             and
             prevent
             the
             returns
             of
             its
             danger
             ,
          
           their
           own
           Expence
           of
           Blood
           and
           Treasure
           to
           save
           its
           being
           threatned
           with
           Slavery
           any
           more
           ,
           either
           by
           the
           House
           of
           Bourbon
           or
           
             Austria
             .
             Therefore
             we
             cannot
             believe
             after
             all
             ,
             but
             our
             wise
             and
             Politick
             Neighbours
             will
             at
             last
             see
             it
             their
             Interest
             to
             protect
             and
             incourage
             us
             in
             this
             matter
             ▪
             that
             we
             may
             mutually
             strengthen
             and
             support
             one
             another
             against
             the
          
           French
           ,
           
             who
             are
             loudest
             in
             their
             Clamours
             against
             our
             Settlement
             ,
             because
             if
             incourag'd
             and
             improv'd
             ,
             it
             will
             defeat
             all
             their
             ambitious
             and
             Antichristian
             Designs
          
           ;
           And
           thereby
           we
           shall
           also
           be
           in
           a
           condition
           to
           assist
           the
           English
           Plan
           ations
           in
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           ,
           who
           as
           we
           find
           by
           the
           proceedings
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Bellomont
           and
           the
           Assemblies
           of
           
             New
             England
          
           and
           
             New
             ▪
             York
          
           ,
           are
           su●…iciently
           sensible
           of
           their
           danger
           ,
           from
           the
           incroaching
           temper
           of
           the
           French
           ,
           which
           increases
           every
           day
           ;
           and
           it
           is
           evident
           ,
           that
           their
           new
           Design'd
           Colony
           in
           Mississipi
           River
           looks
           with
           a
           dangerous
           Aspect
           upon
           all
           the
           English
           Plantations
           in
           America
           ,
           and
           may
           be
           〈◊〉
           justly
           esteemed
           an
           Incroachment
           upon
           Spain
           ,
           as
           being
           in
           the
           Bay
           of
           Mexico
           ,
           than
           our
           Plantation
           in
           
             D
             rien
          
           :
           Which
           argues
           the
           treacherous
           Humor
           of
           that
           Nation
           ,
           to
           make
           such
           an
           Ou●…cry
           against
           
           the
           Scots
           who
           have
           envaded
           no
           Mans
           Property
           ,
           when
           they
           themselves
           are
           so
           notoriously
           guil●…y
           of
           it
           ;
           and
           therefore
           it
           would
           seem
           to
           be
           the
           Interest
           of
           England
           rather
           to
           strengthen
           themselves
           by
           our
           Friendship
           ,
           and
           to
           look
           after
           the
           French
           ,
           than
           to
           provoke
           us
           to
           look
           out
           ●…or
           other
           Allies
           by
           their
           Opposition
           and
           Neglect
           .
        
         
           We
           shall
           conclude
           this
           matter
           ▪
           with
           one
           or
           two
           more
           Arguments
           to
           prove
           ,
           That
           it
           is
           th●…
           Interest
           of
           England
           to
           join
           with
           us
           in
           this
           Affair
           ;
           by
           which
           also
           it
           will
           appear
           that
           there
           is
           nothing
           advanc'd
           in
           these
           Sh●…ets
           out
           of
           any
           ill
           Design
           against
           the
           English
           Nation
           ,
           or
           to
           perswade
           to
           a
           disu●…iting
           of
           the
           Crowns
           ▪
           but
           on
           the
           〈◊〉
           ,
           that
           a
           stricter
           Union
           is
           absolutely
           necess●…rry
           ,
           ●…hat
           both
           Nations
           may
           have
           but
           one
           Interest
           ,
           which
           will
           render
           us
           less
           lyable
           to
           Convulsions
           and
           intestine
           Commotions
           at
           home
           ,
           and
           put
           us
           out
           of
           danger
           of
           being
           atrack'd
           by
           Enemies
           ●…rom
           abroad
           .
        
         
           The
           first
           Argument
           is
           this
           ;
           That
           by
           Encou●…ging
           ou●…
           Settlement
           at
           
             Darien
             ,
             English
          
           Ships
           that
           have
           occasion
           to
           pass
           by
           those
           Coasts
           ,
           will
           there
           be
           certain
           of
           a
           plac●…
           of
           Retreat
           ,
           in
           case
           of
           attack
           either
           by
           Enemy
           or
           Tempest
           ,
           without
           danger
           of
           being
           Confiscated
           by
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           and
           having
           their
           Men
           condemn'd
           to
           be
           perpetual
           Slaves
           in
           their
           Mines
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           I●…
           we
           be
           encou●…aged
           in
           ou●…
           American
           Colony
           ,
           it
           will
           Contribute
           much
           to
           heighten
           the
           Consumption
           of
           the
           English
           Product
           ;
           since
           what
           we
           have
           not
           of
           our
           own
           ,
           or
           wherein
           we
           are
           wanting
           ,
           either
           as
           to
           quality
           or
           quantity
           ,
           we
           shall
           suppl●…
           ou●…
           selves
           ,
           ●…or
           the
           use
           of
           our
           Plantation
           ,
           in
           England
           ;
           which
           may
           be
           of
           great
           benefit
           to
           the
           Northern
           Counties
           especially
           ,
           whence
           we
           may
           conveniently
           furnish
           our selves
           with
           
           B
           ●…eves
           ●…or
           Victualling
           our
           Ships
           ,
           ou●…
           own
           Cattle
           being
           for
           the
           most
           part
           too
           small
           ▪
           for
           ●…hat
           use
           ;
           besides
           many
           other
           things
           that
           we
           shall
           have
           occasion
           ●…o
           export
           to
           England
           ,
           for
           the
           use
           of
           the
           Plantation
           ,
           and
           to
           maintain
           a
           Commerce
           with
           the
           Na●…ives
           .
        
         
         
           3.
           
           By
           joining
           with
           us
           in
           this
           Colony
           ,
           and
           securing
           a
           Post
           on
           the
           South-Sea
           ,
           which
           the
           Princes
           of
           Darien
           will
           no
           doubt
           very
           readily
           ag●…ee
           to
           ,
           they
           may
           shorten
           their
           Voyages
           to
           the
           
             East-Indies
             ▪
          
           and
           by
           that
           means
           be
           able
           to
           Outdo
           all
           their
           Rivals
           in
           that
           Trade
           ;
           But
           if
           they
           will
           be
           so
           far
           wanting
           to
           themselves
           ,
           as
           to
           suffer
           those
           advantages
           to
           fall
           into
           the
           hands
           of
           others
           ,
           who
           are
           Enemies
           to
           our
           Religion
           ,
           and
           common
           Country
           ;
           
             They
             cannot
             blame
             the
          
           Scots
           ,
           
             who
             have
             made
             them
             such
             fair
             Offers
             :
          
           And
           if
           ou●…
           Nation
           should
           miscarry
           in
           the
           Attempt
           ,
           they
           themselves
           cannot
           expect
           to
           stand
           long
           ,
           but
           must
           be
           buried
           in
           the
           common
           Ruines
           ,
           and
           fall
           unpitied
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           
             If
             after
             all
             the
          
           English
           
             should
             continue
             obstinate
             in
             their
             Opposition
             to
             us
             ,
             as
             their
             late
             Proclamations
             in
          
           America
           ,
           
             and
             other
             Passages
             would
             seem
             to
             imply
             they
             have
             a
             mind
             to
             ,
             the
             World
             cannot
             blame
             the
          
           Scots
           
             to
             provide
             for
             themselves
             ,
             by
             such
             other
             Alliances
             as
             they
             shall
             think
             meet
             ,
             since
             the
             English
             are
             so
             unkind
             ,
             and
             have
             been
             constantly
             growing
             upon
             us
             ,
             especially
             since
             the
             Restoration
             of
             King
          
           Charles
           II.
           
             to
             which
             we
             did
             so
             much
             contribute
             ,
             that
             without
             our
             Concurrence
             ,
             it
             could
             never
             have
             been
             effected
             .
          
           This
           will
           appear
           to
           be
           incont●…overtibly
           true
           ,
           i●…
           we
           consider
           that
           in
           the
           time
           of
           K.
           ●…ames
           I.
           we
           were
           u●…der
           no
           Restrictions
           ,
           as
           to
           matters
           of
           Trade
           more
           than
           they
           ,
           except
           as
           to
           the
           Exportation
           of
           Wool
           ,
           and
           a
           few
           other
           things
           of
           English
           Product
           ;
           and
           so
           we
           continu'd
           till
           the
           Restoration
           ,
           when
           King
           Charles
           II.
           and
           the
           English
           did
           very
           ungratefu●…ly
           lay
           su●…h
           Prec●…usions
           and
           Restrictions
           upon
           us
           ,
           contrary
           to
           the
           Laws
           ,
           relating
           to
           the
           Postnati
           ,
           by
           the
           12th
           of
           Car
           :
           2.
           
             for
             the
             incouraging
             and
             increasing
             Shipping
             and
             Navigation
             ,
          
           and
           the
           15
           Car
           :
           2.
           
             for
             the
             encouraging
             of
             Trade
          
           ;
           by
           which
           we
           are
           put
           in
           the
           same
           Circumstances
           ,
           ●…s
           to
           Trasfick
           with
           France
           and
           Holland
           ,
           and
           in
           a
           worse
           C●…ndition
           than
           Ireland
           ,
           that
           is
           a
           Conquest
           ;
           which
           is
           so
           much
           the
           more
           unreasonable
           ▪
           since
           we
           are
           always
           invol'd
           and
           ingag'd
           in
           the
           Wars
           betwixt
           England
           and
           other
           Countries
           :
           And
           those
           with
           whom
           they
           have
           most
           frequent
           Wars
           ,
           being
           Holland
           
           and
           France
           ,
           the
           only
           two
           Nations
           with
           whom
           the
           Scots
           have
           almost
           any
           Commerce
           ,
           our
           Trade
           must
           of
           necessity
           sink
           ▪
           during
           such
           Wa●…s
           ,
           whereas
           England
           hath
           still
           a
           great
           Trade
           to
           other
           parts
           of
           the
           World
           ;
           and
           by
           this
           means
           we
           are
           forc'd
           to
           be
           sharers
           in
           their
           Troubles
           ,
           tho
           they
           will
           not
           allow
           us
           to
           partake
           of
           their
           Profits
           ,
           nor
           suffer
           us
           to
           take
           any
           measures
           to
           procure
           such
           as
           we
           may
           call
           our
           own
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           plain
           from
           the
           Instance
           of
           Darien
           ,
           and
           the
           Proclamations
           in
           the
           
             English
             American
          
           Colonies
           ,
           against
           their
           Subjects
           Entertaining
           any
           Commerce
           with
           our
           Settlement
           there
           ,
           that
           by
           the
           Union
           of
           the
           Crowns
           ,
           upon
           the
           present
           footing
           ,
           we
           are
           in
           a
           worse
           Condition
           than
           ever
           ;
           For
           when
           any
           thing
           happens
           wherein
           the
           Interest
           of
           England
           seems
           to
           be
           contrary
           to
           Ours
           ,
           it
           is
           certainly
           carried
           against
           us
           ,
           and
           we
           are
           left
           without
           Remedy
           :
           So
           that
           in
           this
           respect
           ,
           we
           are
           in
           a
           worse
           Condition
           than
           any
           Forreigners
           ,
           with
           relation
           to
           England
           ;
           ●…or
           if
           a
           Foreign
           People
           discover
           any
           thing
           that
           may
           be
           of
           advantage
           to
           them
           ,
           they
           are
           at
           Liberty
           to
           pursue
           it
           by
           themselves
           ,
           or
           to
           take
           in
           the
           Assistance
           of
           others
           ;
           And
           if
           they
           find
           themselves
           aggriev'd
           by
           England
           ,
           they
           have
           their
           Respective
           Governments
           to
           make
           application
           to
           for
           Redress
           .
           But
           we
           are
           the
           most
           unhappy
           People
           in
           the
           World
           ;
           For
           if
           Endl●…nd
           should
           oppose
           us
           ,
           we
           have
           no
           King
           to
           appeal
           to
           ,
           but
           one
           that
           is
           e●…ther
           an
           Alien
           and
           Enemy
           to
           us
           ,
           as
           being
           King
           o●…
           a
           great●…r
           People
           who
           are
           such
           ,
           or
           if
           he
           be
           inclinable
           to
           protect
           and
           do
           us
           Justice
           as
           King
           of
           Scots
           ,
           he
           is
           a
           Prisoner
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           cannot
           do
           it
           :
           If
           they
           Question
           him
           in
           the
           Parliament
           of
           England
           ,
           for
           any
           thing
           relating
           to
           his
           Government
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           as
           in
           the
           case
           of
           our
           late
           Act
           for
           an
           
             East
             India
          
           and
           African
           Trade
           his
           Interest
           as
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           obliges
           him
           to
           submit
           himself
           as
           King
           of
           Scotland
           ;
           By
           which
           means
           our
           Crown
           ,
           which
           we
           desended
           so
           gallantly
           for
           so
           many
           Ages
           ,
           and
           which
           the
           English
           could
           never
           make
           subject
           to
           theirs
           by
           force
           ,
           is
           now
           intirely
           subjected
           by
           a
           false
           step
           of
           our
           own
           ,
           in
           suffering
           our
           King
           to
           take
           their
           Crown
           upon
           him
           ,
           without
           
           making
           better
           Terms
           for
           our selves
           :
           So
           that
           instead
           of
           having
           a
           King
           to
           fight
           our
           Battels
           ,
           we
           h●…ve
           made
           a
           Surrender
           of
           our
           Prince
           to
           the
           Enemy
           ▪
           who
           arm
           him
           again●…t
           us
           ;
           and
           which
           is
           worst
           of
           all
           ,
           we
           have
           satisfied
           our
           own
           Proverb
           ,
           as
           to
           our selves
           ,
           That
           Scots
           men
           
             are
             wise
             behind
             hand
          
           :
           For
           tho
           we
           sufficiently
           sma●…ed
           for
           it
           in
           the
           four
           last
           Reigns
           ,
           yet
           we
           had
           not
           so
           much
           foresight
           or
           Care
           of
           our selves
           ,
           as
           to
           prevent
           the
           Consequences
           of
           it
           in
           this
           Reign
           ,
           when
           it
           was
           in
           our
           power
           to
           have
           done
           it
           .
        
         
           
             Then
             if
             we
             make
             Application
             to
             our
             antient
             Allies
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             foreign
             Power
             for
             our
             Assistance
             ,
             when
             we
             groan
             under
             Opp●…ession
             ,
             then
             we
             are
             treated
             as
             Rebels
             :
             Thus
             our
             whole
             Nation
             was
             proclaim'd
             such
             for
             but
             offering
             to
             make
             Application
             to
             the
             King
             of
          
           France
           ,
           
             as
             our
             ancient
             Friend
             and
             Ally
             ,
             when
             a
             certain
             Party
             in
          
           England
           
             had
             arm'd
             our
             natural
             Sovereign
             K.
          
           Charles
           I.
           
             against
             us
             .
             And
             that
             which
             is
             still
             worse
             ,
             tho
             our
             Crown
             from
             the
             time
             of
             the
             Uni●…n
             has
             been
             for
             the
             most
             part
             on
             the
             head
             of
             an
             Alien
             or
             Enemy
             ;
             yet
             it
             has
             iufluence
             enoug●…
             to
             divide
             us
             amongst
             our selves
             against
             the
             Interest
             of
             the
             Nation
             ;
             as
             in
             the
             Reign
             of
             K.
          
           Charles
           II.
           
             those
             that
             comply'd
             with
             the
             Court
             of
          
           England
           ,
           
             were
             brib'd
             with
             all
             the
             chief
             places
             in
             our
             Administration
             ,
             whilst
             those
             who
             were
             Patriots
             to
             their
             Country
             (
             as
             for
             Honour
             sake
             to
             instance
             in
             the
             late
             Great
             Duke
             of
          
           Hamilton
           ,
           
             and
             our
             present
             Lord
             high
             Chancellor
             )
             were
             exposed
             to
             all
             manner
             of
             Dangers
             and
             Vexations
             .
             This
             we
             think
             sufficient
             to
             convince
             our
             Neighbours
             that
             we
             have
             no
             Reason
             to
             be
             fond
             of
             having
             the
             Union
             of
             the
             Crowns
             continu'd
             ,
             except
             the
             Interest
             of
             the
             Nations
             ,
             be
             more
             closely
             united
             then
             ever
             they
             have
             been
             hitherto
             .
             And
             to
             let
             them
             see
             that
             it
             is
             their
             Interest
             as
             well
             as
             ours
             it
             should
             be
             so
             ,
             we
             shall
             only
             desire
             them
             to
             consider
             how
             fatal
             it
             may
             be
             to
             them
             ,
             if
             by
             any
             Emergency
             we
             should
             be
             forc'd
             to
             break
             off
             the
             Union
             of
             the
             Crowns
             ,
             and
             enter
             again
             into
             a
          
           F
           ●…ench
           
             Alliance
             .
             It
             ●…
             in
             vain
             for
             them
             to
             object
             that
             in
             such
             a
             case
             we
             should
             betray
             o●…r
             Religion
             ;
             for
             we
             see
             the
             persecuted
          
           Hunga●…ans
           
             were
             protected
             in
             that
             ●…y
             the
          
           Tu●…ks
           ,
           
             tho
             sworn
             Enemies
             to
             it
             ;
             nor
             is
             it
             less
             impossible
             but
             there
             may
             be
             a
             Change
             as
             to
             that
             matter
             in
          
           France
           ,
           
             L.
             XIV
             .
             is
             not
             immortal
             :
             a●…d
          
           
           even
           Julian
           
             the
             Apostate
             himself
             found
             it
             his
             Interest
             for
             some
             time
             to
             protect
             the
             Orthodox
             Christians
             ,
             whom
             he
             mortally
             ●…ated
             .
             But
             supposing
             (
             as
             indeed
             there
             's
             no
             great
             likelyhood
             of
             it
             )
             that
             no
             such
             Allyance
             as
             this
             should
             ever
             happen
             :
             yet
             howev●…r
             ,
             if
             these
             two
             Nations
             be
             not
             more
             closly
             united
             ;
             it
             may
             be
             of
             ill
             Consequencc
             to
          
           England
           ,
           
             if
             any
             of
             their
             Kings
             at
             any
             time
             should
             be
             so
             far
             disgusted
             with
             their
             Proceedings
             ,
             as
             to
             leave
             them
             ,
             and
             betake
             themselves
             to
             Us.
             What
             a
             Field
             of
             Blood
             and
             Slaughter
             must
          
           England
           
             have
             become
             ,
             had
             we
             carried
             off
             K.
          
           Charles
           
             I.
             when
             he
             came
             to
             our
             Army
             ,
             or
             if
             we
             had
             join
             a
             him
             against
             the
             Parliament
             of
          
           England
           ?
           
             What
             great
             Efforts
             did
             a
             Party
             of
             our
             Nation
             make
             to
             inthrone
             King
          
           Charles
           II
           ,
           when
           England
           
             was
             against
             him
             ?
             and
             how
             did
             our
             Concurrence
             afterwards
             with
             General
          
           Monk
           
             effect
             it
             ?
             How
             soon
             did
             our
             espousing
             the
             D.
             of
          
           York
           '
           
             s
             Interest
             turn
             the
             Tables
             upon
             those
             that
             opposed
             him
             in
          
           England
           ?
           
             And
             if
             our
             Nation
             had
             likewise
             espoused
             his
             Cause
             before
             the
             Revolution
             ,
             the
             Viscount
             of
          
           Dundee
           
             gave
             a
             sufficient
             Proof
             what
             we
             could
             have
             done
             for
             him
             .
          
           There
           's
           a
           strong
           Party
           in
           England
           at
           present
           against
           allowing
           the
           King
           a
           standing
           Force
           ,
           for
           fear
           ,
           as
           they
           pretend
           ,
           of
           losing
           their
           Liberties
           ;
           but
           all
           their
           Opposition
           in
           that
           respect
           would
           signifie
           little
           ,
           if
           in
           case
           of
           a
           Rupture
           )
           ou●…
           Nation
           should
           take
           part
           with
           the
           Court
           ,
           and
           bring
           in
           22000
           Men.
           with
           6
           Weeks
           Provisions
           and
           Pay
           ,
           as
           we
           are
           obliged
           to
           do
           by
           Act
           of
           Parliament
           ;
           for
           his
           Assistance
           .
           This
           makes
           it
           evident
           that
           it
           is
           not
           the
           Interest
           of
           England
           to
           slight
           an
           Union
           with
           US
           so
           much
           as
           they
           have
           done
           ▪
           so●…
           so
           long
           as
           we
           remain
           divided
           ,
           any
           King
           that
           is
           so
           minded
           ,
           may
           make
           use
           of
           us
           to
           inslave
           one
           another
           ;
           and
           any
           envious
           Neighbour
           ,
           whose
           Interest
           it
           is
           to
           keep
           this
           Island
           low
           ,
           will
           be
           sure
           to
           blow
           the
           Coals
           .
           If
           they
           'd
           but
           turn
           the
           Tables
           ,
           and
           make
           our
           Case
           their
           own
           ,
           they
           would
           quickly
           be
           satisfied
           of
           the
           truth
           of
           what
           we
           advance
           .
           Supposing
           that
           the
           Government
           of
           Scotland
           should
           traverse
           the
           Actings
           of
           the
           Government
           of
           England
           in
           relation
           to
           their
           Trade
           ,
           &c.
           as
           they
           have
           done
           ours
           ;
           and
           supposing
           
           that
           a
           Parliament
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           when
           the
           King
           were
           there
           ,
           should
           question
           him
           for
           the
           Navigation
           Act
           ,
           and
           that
           for
           the
           Encouragement
           of
           Trade
           in
           England
           by
           King
           Charles
           the
           Second
           .
           Which
           lays
           Us
           under
           such
           hard
           Circumstances
           and
           Restrictions
           ,
           the
           English
           would
           certainly
           very
           much
           resent
           it
           ,
           and
           speedily
           tell
           us
           we
           meddled
           with
           what
           did
           not
           belong
           to
           us
           :
           Then
           why
           should
           they
           deny
           us
           the
           like
           Liberty
           in
           re●…erence
           to
           their
           〈◊〉
           against
           us
           ,
           seeing
           we
           are
           a
           free
           Nation
           as
           well
           they
           ?
        
         
           They
           cannot
           think
           that
           Scotland
           will
           look
           upon
           the
           English
           Proclamations
           in
           the
           
             West
             Indies
          
           ,
           against
           having
           any
           Commerce
           with
           our
           Colony
           at
           Darien
           ,
           to
           be
           the
           Act
           and
           D●…ed
           of
           a
           King
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           sinc●…
           it
           is
           not
           only
           contrary
           to
           his
           own
           Act
           o●…
           Pa●…liament
           there
           ,
           and
           his
           Patent
           under
           the
           Great
           Se●…l
           of
           that
           Kingdom
           ,
           but
           contra●…y
           to
           the
           Interest
           of
           that
           Nation
           ;
           but
           being
           the
           Act
           of
           a
           person
           who
           is
           really
           King
           of
           Scots
           ,
           we
           can
           look
           upon
           it
           to
           be
           no
           other
           than
           the
           esfect
           of
           a
           ●…orce
           put
           upon
           him
           by
           a
           Nation
           which
           in
           this
           matter
           thinks
           it
           their
           Interest
           he
           should
           do
           so
           .
           Now
           suppose
           ,
           which
           GOD
           forbid
           ,
           our
           Colony
           should
           be
           starv'd
           by
           virtue
           of
           these
           Proclamations
           ,
           or
           that
           our
           Ships
           going
           and
           coming
           from
           Darien
           ,
           should
           by
           reason
           thereo●…
           be
           attack'd
           ,
           and
           treated
           as
           Pirates
           by
           the
           
             English
             ,
             French
             ,
             Dutch
          
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           Nation
           ▪
           who
           may
           take
           the
           opportunity
           to
           do
           it
           ,
           and
           say
           ou●…
           King
           has
           d●…clared
           against
           us
           :
           to
           whom
           should
           we
           make
           application
           sor
           redress
           in
           this
           matter
           ?
           The
           King
           of
           England
           he
           is
           our
           Enemy
           ,
           and
           e●…itted
           these
           Proclamations
           ;
           the
           King
           of
           Scots
           is
           detain'd
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           not
           Master
           of
           himsel●…
           ,
           but
           is
           forc'd
           to
           act
           thus
           contraty
           to
           the
           Interest
           of
           his
           own
           antient
           Crown
           and
           Kingdom
           ;
           as
           a
           former
           K.
           
             William
             ,
             John
             Baliol
          
           ,
           and
           
             James
             I.
          
           were
           〈◊〉
           '
           d
           to
           do
           ,
           when
           in
           the
           power
           of
           the
           English.
           ●…n
           such
           a
           〈◊〉
           ▪
           if
           our
           in●…ant
           Colony
           should
           by
           this
           means
           bed
           stroy●…d
           ,
           ou●…
           〈◊〉
           must
           needs
           think
           that
           we
           should
           look
           ●…or
           a
           Compens●…tion
           〈◊〉
           .
           resume
           the
           Government
           into
           our
           own
           hands
           ,
           and
           strengthen
           our selves
           by
           new
           Alliances
           ;
           which
           perhaps
           might
           be
           lit●…le
           ●…o
           their
           
           advantage
           ,
           This
           is
           not
           suggested
           as
           a
           thing
           that
           is
           ever
           likely
           to
           be
           practis'd
           ,
           or
           to
           which
           the
           Kingdom
           of
           Scotland
           is
           any
           way
           inclin'd
           :
           Our
           whole
           Conduct
           since
           the
           Union
           is
           a
           continu'd
           evidence
           of
           the
           uprightness
           of
           Our
           Intentions
           towards
           England
           ;
           and
           the
           Offers
           we
           did
           make
           ,
           and
           do
           still
           continue
           to
           make
           ,
           of
           admitting
           'em
           as
           Partners
           and
           Sharers
           in
           our
           Settlement
           ,
           are
           enough
           to
           stop
           the
           mouth
           of
           Calumny
           it self
           .
           But
           if
           in
           return
           for
           our
           kindness
           we
           meet
           with
           Neglect
           and
           Contempt
           ,
           have
           our
           Soveraignty
           trampled
           under
           foot
           ,
           our
           Settlement
           in
           America
           by
           an
           Act
           of
           Parliament
           in
           Scotland
           reflected
           upon
           as
           unjust
           by
           Proclamations
           from
           England
           ,
           the
           World
           cannot
           blame
           us
           to
           complain
           of
           the
           Violence
           done
           to
           our
           Independency
           and
           Honour
           ,
           which
           is
           not
           to
           be
           salv'd
           by
           any
           politick
           Considerations
           whatever
           ,
           that
           our
           Neighbours
           pretend
           for
           this
           Treatment
           .
        
         
           Nor
           can
           any
           thing
           less
           than
           joining
           with
           us
           ,
           and
           protecting
           that
           Settlement
           against
           all
           opposition
           in
           case
           of
           Attacks
           by
           the
           French
           ,
           or
           others
           ,
           sufficiently
           atone
           for
           what
           is
           already
           done
           ,
           or
           heal
           the
           Wound
           those
           Proclamations
           have
           giv'n
           to
           the
           common
           Interest
           and
           Honour
           of
           the
           Island
           .
        
         
           WE
           Come
           in
           the
           next
           place
           to
           give
           a
           Description
           of
           the
           Isthmus
           of
           Darien
           .
           It
           lies
           betwixt
           the
           8th
           and
           the
           10th
           Degrees
           of
           
             Northern
             Latitude
             ▪
          
           and
           in
           the
           Narrowest
           place
           is
           betwixt
           60
           and
           80
           Italian
           Miles
           over
           .
           We
           shall
           not
           trouble
           our selves
           with
           the
           Description
           of
           any
           more
           of
           it
           than
           is
           in
           the
           Possession
           of
           the
           Natives
           ,
           which
           is
           in
           length
           from
           E.
           to
           W.
           on
           the
           North
           side
           from
           the
           Mouth
           of
           the
           River
           Darien
           to
           Port
           Scrivan
           ,
           above
           140
           Italian
           Miles
           ;
           From
           Caret
           Bay
           to
           the
           River
           of
           Cheapo
           on
           the
           South
           side
           ▪
           it
           is
           about
           160
           in
           length
           .
           It
           is
           supposed
           to
           take
           its
           Name
           from
           the
           great
           River
           of
           Darien
           ,
           that
           bounds
           its
           
             Northern
             Coast
          
           to
           the
           Eastward
           .
           It
           is
           bounded
           on
           the
           North
           and
           South
           with
           the
           vast
           Oceans
           that
           carry
           the
           Names
           of
           
           the
           North
           and
           South
           Seas
           .
           It
           s
           Situation
           is
           very
           pleasant
           and
           agreeable
           ,
           and
           very
           commodious
           for
           a
           speedy
           and
           short
           Communication
           of
           Trade
           betwixt
           the
           North
           and
           South
           Seas
           ,
           and
           preventing
           that
           vast
           Compass
           that
           must
           otherwise
           be
           fetch'd
           round
           either
           of
           the
           Extremes
           of
           North
           and
           
             Sout●…
             America
             .
             By
             this
             means
             also
             it
             lies
             convenient
             for
             a
             speedier
             Communication
             of
             Trade
             betwixt
          
           Europe
           
             and
             the
          
           East-Indies
           
             than
             any
             that
             hath
             hitherto
             been
             found
             out
             .
             Mr.
          
           Dampier
           
             says
             ,
             that
             from
          
           Cheapo
           ,
           or
           Santa
           Maria
           
             River
             ,
             a
             Man
             may
             pass
             from
             Sea
             to
             Sea
             in
             three
             days
             ,
             and
             that
             the
          
           Indians
           
             do
             it
             in
             a
             day
             and
             half
             .
             There
             are
             abundance
             of
             valuable
             Islands
             on
             both
             sides
             the
          
           Isthmus
           ,
           
             which
             prevent
             the
             breaking
             in
             of
             the
             Ocean
             upon
             it
             at
             once
             ;
             and
             besides
             the
             Conveniencies
             of
             Wood
             ,
             Fish
             ,
             Foul
             ,
             and
             Water
             ,
             afford
             good
             and
             safe
             Riding
             in
             all
             Weathers
             ,
             to
             any
             number
             of
             Ships
             ,
             especially
             those
             call'd
             the
          
           Sambaloes
           ,
           
             that
             lie
             along
             the
             Northern
             Coast.
          
           The
           Continent
           is
           ag●…eably
           intermix'd
           with
           Hills
           and
           Vall●…ys
           of
           great
           variety
           ,
           for
           height
           ,
           depth
           ,
           and
           extent
           .
           The
           Valleys
           are
           watered
           with
           Rivers
           ,
           B●…ooks
           and
           Springs
           ,
           which
           take
           their
           rise
           from
           a
           great
           Ridg
           of
           Hills
           that
           run
           along
           the
           Isthmus
           ,
           but
           nearest
           to
           the
           
             Northern
             Shore
          
           ,
           from
           which
           it
           is
           seldom
           above
           15
           miles
           distant
           ,
           and
           from
           whence
           the
           Sambaloes
           Islands
           ,
           and
           the
           various
           makings
           of
           the
           Shore
           ,
           and
           the
           continued
           Forest
           all
           along
           the
           Country
           grati●…y
           the
           Eye
           with
           a
           very
           fine
           prospect
           .
        
         
           
             The
             Rivers
             of
             t●…e
             Northern
             Coast
             are
             generally
             small
             .
             because
             their
             Course
             from
             the
             abovementioned
             Ridg
             of
             Hills
             is
             but
             short
             ;
             yet
             the
             River
             of
          
           Darien
           
             is
             very
             large
             but
             the
             depth
             of
             its
             entrance
             not
             Answerable
             to
             its
             width
             ▪
             yet
             further
             in
             it
             is
             deep
             enough
             ,
             and
             hath
             a
             good
             Har●…our
             in
          
           Caret
           
             B●…y
             w●…ich
             is
             some
             Leagues
             up
             the
             River
             ,
             hath
             two
             Islands
             of
             pretty
             high
             Land
             ,
             Cloath
             ▪
             d
             with
             a
             varie●…y
             of
             Trees
             lying
             before
             it
             and
             two
             or
             three
             slreams
             of
             ●…resh
             Water
             falling
             into
             it
             .
             From
             this
             Bay
             to
             the
             Promo●…tory
             near
          
           Go●…den-Island
           ,
           
             the
             Shoare
             is
             indif●…erent
             fruitful
             :
             and
             the
             S●…il
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             Northern
             Coast
             is
             generally
             good
             ,
             but
             swamp●…
             here
             and
             there
             to
             the
             Sea.
             
          
        
         
         
           To
           the
           West
           ward
           of
           the
           Promontary
           ,
           at
           the
           E●…trance
           of
           the
           River
           .
           is
           a
           fine
           sandy
           Bay
           with
           three
           Islands
           ,
           one
           of
           them
           
             Golden
             Islands
          
           lying
           be●…ore
           it
           ,
           which
           make
           it
           an
           extraordinary
           good
           Harbour
           .
           
             Golden
             Island
          
           is
           rocky
           and
           steep
           all
           round
           .
           except
           at
           the
           la●…ding
           place
           on
           the
           South
           side
           .
           so
           that
           it
           is
           naturally
           forti●…y'd
           .
           T●…e
           Land
           o●…
           the
           Isthmus
           over
           against
           it
           to
           the
           S.
           E.
           is
           an
           excellent
           ●…ruitful
           Soil
           .
           West
           of
           this
           Island
           lyes
           the
           largest
           of
           the
           three
           ,
           b●…ing
           swam●…y
           and
           covered
           with
           Maingroves
           .
           To
           the
           North
           of
           these
           lyes
           the
           〈◊〉
           of
           Pines
           ,
           cover'd
           with
           tall
           Trees
           ,
           sit
           for
           any
           use
           .
           From
           the
           point
           against
           these
           Islands
           for
           three
           L●…agues
           W●…stward
           ,
           the
           Shoare
           is
           guarded
           with
           Rocks
           ,
           so
           that
           a
           Boat
           cannot
           La●…d
           ;
           but
           at
           the
           N
           W.
           end
           of
           the
           Rocks
           ,
           there
           's
           a
           very
           good
           Harbour
           ,
           and
           good
           Riding
           ,
           as
           has
           been
           faid
           ,
           in
           all
           Winds
           ,
           by
           some
           or
           other
           of
           those
           Islands
           ,
           which
           with
           the
           adjacent
           Shore
           ,
           make
           a
           lovely
           Landskip
           off
           at
           Sea.
           
             The
             Channel
             betwixt
             them
             and
             the
          
           Isthmus
           
             is
             two
             ,
             three
             and
             four
             miles
             Broad
             ,
             and
             navigable
             from
             end
             to
             end
             ;
             and
             the
             Ground
             opposite
             to
             them
             within
             Land
             an
             Excellent
             Soil
             ,
             and
             a
             continued
             Forrest
             of
             stately
             Ti●…ber
             trees
             .
          
        
         
           On
           the
           South
           side
           there
           's
           the
           River
           Sambo
           ,
           that
           falls
           into
           the
           Sea
           by
           point
           
             Garachina
             .
             This
             is
             a
             large
             River
             .
          
           Th●…n
           there
           's
           the
           Gulph
           of
           St.
           Michael
           ,
           made
           by
           the
           Outlet
           of
           several
           considerable
           Rivers
           ,
           as
           those
           of
           
             Santa
             Maria
          
           and
           Congo
           and
           the
           Gold-River
           ,
           so
           call'd
           because
           of
           the
           great
           plenty
           of
           Gold
           Dust
           it
           affor●…s
           to
           the
           Spaniards
           .
           The
           River
           Congo
           may
           be
           entred
           at
           high
           Water
           ,
           and
           affor●…s
           a
           good
           Harbour
           .
           The
           Gulph
           has
           several
           Islands
           in
           it
           ,
           and
           afforcs
           good
           Riding
           in
           many
           places
           .
           The
           Country
           on
           this
           〈◊〉
           as
           one
           the
           other
           ,
           is
           one
           continued
           Forrcst
           ;
           and
           forms
           a
           Bay
           call'd
           the
           Bay
           of
           Panama
           ,
           abounding
           with
           fine
           〈◊〉
           ▪
           and
           a●…fording
           good
           Riding
           for
           Ship●…
           .
           The
           Soil
           os
           the
           Inland
           Country
           ,
           is
           for
           the
           most
           part
           a
           black
           〈◊〉
           Mold
           .
        
         
           The
           We●…ther
           is
           much
           the
           same
           as
           in
           other
           places
           of
           the
           Torrid
           〈◊〉
           in
           this
           Latitude
           ,
           but
           inclining
           to
           the
           wet
           Extreme
           ,
           for
           two
           thir●…s
           o●…
           the
           year
           ,
           the
           Rains
           beginning
           in
           April
           .
        
         
         
           The
           most
           remarkable
           of
           their
           Trees
           are
           the
           Cotton
           Tree
           ,
           which
           bears
           a
           Cod
           as
           big
           as
           a
           Nut●…meg
           fuil
           of
           short
           Wool
           or
           Down
           ,
           and
           affords
           Timber
           for
           Canoes
           and
           Periagoes
           :
           they
           abound
           with
           stately
           Cedars
           and
           Macaw
           Trees
           -
           ,
           which
           bear
           Fruit
           as
           big
           as
           a
           smal
           Pear
           ,
           of
           a
           tart
           but
           not
           unpleasant
           Taste
           ;
           Bibby
           Tree
           ,
           the
           Wood
           hard
           and
           black
           as
           Ink
           ,
           and
           being
           tapp'd
           ,
           affords
           a
           Liquor
           call
           ▪
           d
           Bibby
           ,
           of
           a
           pleasant
           tart
           taste
           which
           the
           Indians
           drink
           .
           They
           have
           abundance
           of
           Plantains
           set
           in
           Walks
           ,
           which
           make
           very
           delightful
           Groves
           ,
           and
           yield
           an
           excellent
           Fruit
           ,
           and
           being
           green
           and
           sappy
           ,
           are
           cut
           down
           with
           one
           stroke
           of
           an
           Ax.
           They
           have
           also
           plenty
           of
           Bonanoes
           another
           sort
           of
           Plantain
           ,
           which
           eats
           best
           raw
           as
           the
           Plantain
           does
           boil'd
           .
           They
           have
           great
           store
           of
           that
           excellent
           Fruit
           call'd
           Pine-Apples
           ,
           which
           tastes
           like
           a
           Mixture
           of
           all
           delicious
           Fruites
           ,
           and
           ripens
           at
           all
           times
           of
           the
           Year
           .
           They
           have
           also
           Prickle-pear
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           very
           good
           Fruit
           ;
           and
           
             Sugar
             ▪
             Canes
          
           .
           of
           which
           they
           make
           no
           other
           use
           but
           to
           suck
           out
           the
           juice
           .
           The
           Maho
           Tree
           ,
           of
           which
           they
           make
           Ropes
           ,
           Cables
           for
           Ships
           ,
           and
           Nets
           for
           Fishing
           .
           The
           Calabash
           whose
           Shells
           serve
           for
           Cups
           and
           other
           occasions
           ,
           is
           curiously
           painted
           ;
           the
           sweet
           sort
           of
           'em
           is
           eatable
           ,
           and
           the
           bitter
           sort
           Medicinal
           .
           They
           have
           also
           Gourds
           of
           the
           like
           nature
           .
           There
           is
           a
           plant
           call●…d
           
             Silk
             Grass
          
           ,
           which
           resembles
           ou●…
           Flaggs
           :
           this
           they
           beat
           nto
           strings
           like
           fine
           Flax
           ,
           much
           stronger
           than
           our
           Flax
           or
           Hemp
           ;
           of
           these
           they
           make
           Ropes
           ,
           Cordage
           of
           all
           sorts
           ,
           Nets
           ●…or
           small
           Fish
           ;
           and
           the
           Spaniards
           and
           others
           use
           it
           for
           Shoemakers
           Thread
           ,
           Stockins
           ,
           and
           a
           sort
           o●…
           Lace
           .
           They
           have
           a
           Tree
           called
           Lightwood
           ,
           as
           large
           as
           an
           Elm
           ,
           but
           so
           light
           ,
           that
           a
           Man
           may
           carry
           a
           great
           quantity
           of
           it
           on
           his
           back
           .
           It
           is
           in
           substance
           like
           Cork
           ,
           and
           made
           use
           of
           bv
           the
           Indians
           for
           Rasters
           to
           go
           to
           Sea
           ,
           or
           pass
           Rivers
           .
           They
           have
           a
           Tree
           call'd
           Whitewood
           ,
           of
           a
           finer
           Grain
           ,
           and
           whiter
           than
           any
           European
           Wood
           and
           fit
           for
           inlaying
           .
           They
           have
           
             Tamarind
             ,
             Locust-Tree
             ,
             Bastard
             Cinnamon
             ,
             Bamboes
             ,
          
           and
           Maingrove
           Trees
           in
           plenty
           .
           They
           have
           
           Shrubs
           that
           bear
           store
           of
           Pepper
           ,
           of
           two
           sorts
           ,
           called
           bell
           p●…pper
           ,
           and
           bird
           Pepper
           .
        
         
           Mr.
           Wafer
           ,
           to
           whom
           we
           owe
           this
           Description
           ,
           takes
           notice
           of
           a
           Redwood
           ,
           whereof
           there
           grow
           great
           quantities
           on
           the
           Northern
           Coast
           ;
           the
           Indians
           make
           use
           of
           it
           for
           dying
           ,
           and
           mix
           a
           kind
           of
           Earth
           they
           have
           with
           it
           .
           It
           makes
           a
           bright
           glo●…y
           ●…ively
           Red
           ,
           which
           no
           washing
           can
           ●…etch
           out
           again
           This
           we
           suppose
           to
           be
           the
           Ni●…ragua
           Wood.
           Their
           Roots
           are
           Potatoes
           .
           Yams
           ,
           and
           Cassava
           ;
           of
           the
           last
           of
           which
           they
           make
           Bread.
           They
           have
           likewise
           Tobacco
           ,
           but
           don't
           understand
           the
           planting
           and
           manuring
           of
           it
           ;
           it
           is
           not
           so
           strong
           as
           that
           of
           Virginia
           .
        
         
           Their
           Beasts
           are
           the
           Peccary
           ,
           and
           Warce
           a
           kind
           of
           wild
           Hogs
           ,
           which
           are
           very
           good
           Meat
           .
           They
           have
           considerable
           store
           of
           Deer
           ,
           and
           Rabbits
           ,
           and
           great
           Droves
           of
           Monkeys
           ,
           which
           are
           extraordinary
           fat
           and
           good
           to
           eat
           .
           They
           have
           an
           Insect
           call'd
           a
           Soldier
           ,
           somewhat
           resembling
           a
           Crab
           ,
           which
           feeds
           upon
           what
           falls
           from
           the
           Tree
           ,
           is
           a
           delicious
           Meat
           ,
           and
           yeelds
           an
           Oyl
           that
           is
           an
           excellent
           Salve
           .
           They
           have
           no
           European
           Cattle
           .
        
         
           Their
           Birds
           are
           the
           
             Chicaly
             Chicaly
          
           ,
           which
           makes
           a
           noise
           somewhat
           like
           a
           Cuccoo
           ,
           is
           a
           large
           Bird
           ,
           has
           Feathers
           of
           divers
           Colours
           very
           beautiful
           and
           lively
           ,
           whereof
           the
           Natives
           sometimes
           make
           Aprons
           .
           This
           Bird
           keeps
           mostly
           on
           the
           Trees
           ,
           feeds
           on
           Fruit
           ,
           and
           is
           pretty
           good
           Meat
           .
           The
           Quam
           feeds
           in
           the
           same
           manner
           ,
           his
           Wings
           are
           dun
           ,
           his
           tail
           dark
           .
           short
           ,
           he
           is
           much
           preferable
           to
           the
           other
           for
           Meat
           .
           There
           's
           a
           
             Ru●…et-colour'd
             Bird
          
           ,
           resembling
           a
           Partridg
           ,
           runs
           most
           on
           the
           ground
           ,
           and
           is
           excellent
           Meat
           .
           The
           Corro●…ou
           is
           a
           large
           Fowl
           as
           big
           as
           a
           Turky
           ,
           and
           of
           a
           black
           colour
           .
           The
           Cock
           has
           a
           Fine
           Crown
           of
           yellow
           Feathers
           on
           his
           Head
           ,
           and
           Gills
           like
           a
           Turkey
           ,
           they
           live
           on
           Trees
           ,
           and
           eat
           Fruit.
           They
           sing
           very
           delight●…ully
           ,
           and
           are
           so
           well
           imitated
           by
           the
           Indians
           ,
           that
           they
           discover
           their
           haunts
           by
           it
           .
           They
           are
           very
           good
           Meat
           ,
           but
           their
           Bones
           make
           the
           Dogs
           run
           mad
           ,
           and
           are
           therefore
           hid
           from
           them
           by
           the
           Indians
           .
           They
           have
           abundance
           of
           Parrots
           ,
           for
           
           size
           and
           shape
           much
           like
           those
           of
           Jamaica
           ,
           they
           are
           very
           good
           Meat
           ;
           their
           Parakites
           are
           most
           of
           them
           green
           ,
           and
           go
           in
           large
           flights
           by
           themselves
           .
           They
           have
           Macaw
           Birds
           ;
           which
           are
           as
           big
           again
           as
           Parrots
           ,
           and
           resemble
           them
           in
           shape
           ,
           they
           have
           a
           Bill
           like
           a
           Hawk
           ,
           and
           a
           bushy
           tail
           wi
           h
           two
           or
           three
           stragling
           feathers
           ,
           either
           red
           or
           blue
           ;
           but
           those
           of
           the
           Body
           ,
           are
           of
           a
           lovely
           blue
           ,
           green
           and
           red
           ;
           the
           Indians
           tame
           those
           Birds
           ,
           and
           teach
           them
           to
           speak
           ,
           and
           then
           letting
           them
           go
           into
           the
           Woods
           amongst
           the
           wildones
           ,
           they
           will
           return
           of
           their
           own
           accord
           to
           the
           Houses
           :
           they
           exactly
           imitate
           the
           Voice
           and
           singing
           of
           the
           Indians
           ,
           and
           call
           the
           Chicaly
           in
           its
           own
           Note
           .
           It
           is
           one
           of
           the
           pleasantest
           Birds
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           it's
           Flesh
           sweet
           and
           well
           tasted
           .
           They
           have
           also
           Woodpeckers
           which
           are
           pied
           like
           our
           Magpies
           ,
           and
           have
           long
           Claws
           that
           they
           climb
           up
           Trees
           with
           ;
           they
           are
           not
           pleasant
           to
           eat
           .
           They
           have
           plenty
           of
           Dunghil
           foul
           resembling
           those
           of
           Europe
           ,
           and
           their
           flesh
           and
           Eggs
           as
           well
           tasted
           as
           ours
           .
           About
           the
           Samhaloes
           they
           have
           great
           store
           of
           Sea
           foul
           ,
           and
           particularlv
           Pelicans
           ,
           which
           are
           large
           Birds
           ,
           having
           Legs
           and
           feet
           like
           a
           Goose
           ,
           and
           a
           Neck
           like
           a
           Swan
           ,
           the
           feathers
           are
           grey
           .
           It
           has
           a
           bag
           under
           its
           throat
           ,
           which
           when
           fill'd
           ,
           is
           as
           large
           as
           a
           Man's
           two
           fists
           ;
           and
           when
           dry
           ,
           will
           hold
           a
           pound
           of
           Tobacco
           ;
           they
           feed
           upon
           Fish.
           and
           the
           Young
           ones
           are
           good
           Meat
           .
           They
           have
           Cormorants
           resembling
           Ducks
           for
           size
           and
           shape
           ,
           are
           of
           a
           black
           colour
           ,
           have
           a
           white
           spot
           on
           the
           Breast
           ,
           and
           pitch
           sometimes
           on
           Trees
           and
           Shrubs
           by
           the
           Water
           they
           are
           too
           rank
           to
           be
           eaten
           .
           They
           have
           a●…undance
           of
           Sea
           ▪
           gulls
           and
           Pyes
           ,
           which
           are
           pretty
           good
           Meat
           ,
           but
           eat
           fishy
           ,
           which
           is
           cur'd
           by
           burying
           'em
           eight
           or
           ten
           hours
           in
           the
           Sand
           with
           their
           feathers
           on
           .
           They
           have
           flying
           Insects
           too
           ,
           and
           among
           others
           Bees
           ,
           which
           form
           their
           Hives
           on
           trees
           ;
           and
           it
           s
           observed
           ,
           that
           they
           never
           sting
           any
           Body
           :
           the
           Natives
           mix
           the
           Honey
           with
           Water
           ,
           and
           so
           drink
           it
           ,
           but
           know
           not
           the
           use
           of
           the
           Wax
           .
           They
           have
           shining
           ●…ies
           ,
           which
           in
           the
           night
           time
           resemble
           Glow-worms
           .
        
         
         
           Their
           fish
           are
           the
           Tarpum
           ,
           which
           ears
           like
           Salmon
           ;
           some
           of
           'm
           weigh
           50
           or
           60
           pound
           ,
           they
           affo●…d
           good
           Oyl
           .
           They
           have
           Sharks
           and
           another
           Fish
           that
           resembles
           a
           Shark
           ,
           but
           much
           better
           Meat
           .
           The
           Cavally
           is
           much
           of
           the
           size
           of
           a
           Maccarel
           ,
           and
           very
           good
           meat
           .
           They
           have
           a
           fi●…h
           called
           
             Old
             Wives
          
           ,
           which
           is
           also
           very
           good
           〈◊〉
           eat
           Their
           Paracods
           are
           as
           large
           as
           a
           well
           grown
           Pike
           ,
           and
           very
           good
           Meat
           ,
           but
           in
           some
           places
           poisonous
           ,
           which
           a●…e
           distinguish'd
           by
           the
           Liver
           .
           Their
           Gar
           fish
           is
           good
           Meat
           ,
           they
           have
           a
           long
           bone
           on
           their
           Snour
           ,
           with
           which
           they
           will
           sometimes
           pierce
           the
           side
           of
           a
           Canoe
           .
           
             They
             have
             also
          
           S●…ulpins
           ,
           
             a
             prickly
             fish
             ,
             which
             when
             strip'd
             ,
             is
             very
             good
             Meat
             .
             They
             have
             likewise
          
           String-rays
           ,
           Parrot-fish
           ,
           Snooks
           ,
           Conger-eels
           ,
           Conchs
           ,
           Perr●…winkles
           ,
           Limpi●…s
           ,
           S●…a-crabs
           ,
           and
           Craw-fish
           ,
           
             and
             other
             sorts
             whose
             names
             we
             know
             not
             ,
             that
             eat
             very
             well
             .
          
        
         
           The
           inhabitants
           are
           most
           numerous
           on
           the
           North
           of
           the
           Isthmus
           ;
           the
           Men
           usually
           five
           or
           six
           Foot
           hight
           ,
           clean
           Lim'd
           ,
           Big-bon'd
           ,
           handsomely
           shap'd
           ,
           nimble
           ,
           Active
           ,
           and
           Run
           well
           .
           The
           Women
           are
           short
           and
           thick
           ,
           and
           not
           so
           lively
           as
           the
           Men
           ,
           the
           young
           Women
           Plump
           ,
           well
           shap'd
           ,
           and
           have
           a
           brisk
           Eye
           :
           both
           Sexes
           have
           a
           round
           Visage
           ,
           short
           Bottle
           Noses
           ,
           large
           and
           grey
           Eyes
           ,
           high
           forehead
           ,
           whi●…e
           even
           Teeth
           ,
           thin
           Lips
           ,
           pretty
           large
           Mouths
           ,
           well
           proportion'd
           Cheeks
           and
           Chins
           ,
           and
           in
           g●…nerall
           Handsome
           ,
           but
           the
           Men
           exceed
           the
           Women
           .
           Both
           Sexes
           have
           stre
           ght
           long
           lank
           black
           Hair
           ,
           which
           they
           generally
           wear
           down
           to
           the
           middle
           of
           their
           Back
           .
           All
           other
           Hair
           but
           that
           of
           their
           Eye-brows
           and
           Eye-lids
           they
           pull
           up
           by
           the
           Roots
           ,
           cut
           off
           the
           Hair
           ,
           of
           their
           Heads
           ,
           and
           paint
           themselves
           black
           by
           way
           of
           Triumph
           ,
           when
           they
           kill
           a
           Spaniard
           .
           Their
           natural
           Complexion
           is
           a
           Copper
           Colour
           ,
           and
           their
           Eye-brows
           black
           as
           jet
           .
           There
           are
           some
           among
           them
           of
           both
           Sexes
           ,
           which
           bear
           the
           Proportion
           of
           two
           or
           three
           to
           a
           Hundred
           ,
           who
           are
           milk
           white
           ,
           and
           have
           all
           their
           Bodies
           cover'd
           over
           with
           a
           milk
           white
           Down
           ;
           their
           Hair
           is
           of
           the
           same
           Colour
           ,
           and
           very
           fine
           ,
           about
           six
           o●…
           E●…ght
           Inches
           long
           ,
           
           and
           inclining
           to
           Curl
           .
           They
           are
           less
           in
           stature
           than
           the
           other
           Indians
           ,
           and
           their
           Eye
           lids
           point
           downwards
           in
           form
           of
           a
           Crescent
           :
           they
           don't
           see
           well
           in
           the
           Sun
           ,
           their
           eyes
           being
           weak
           and
           running
           with
           water
           if
           the
           Sun
           shine
           upon
           them
           ,
           therefore
           they
           are
           called
           Moon
           ey'd
           .
           They
           are
           weak
           and
           sluggish
           in
           the
           day
           ▪
           time
           ,
           but
           in
           Moon
           shiny
           nights
           all
           life
           and
           activity
           ,
           and
           run
           as
           fast
           thro
           the
           Woods
           by
           night
           ,
           as
           the
           other
           Indians
           do
           by
           day
           .
           They
           are
           not
           so
           much
           respected
           as
           the
           other
           Indians
           ,
           but
           look'd
           upon
           as
           monstruous
           .
           The
           Natives
           go
           naked
           both
           Men
           and
           Women
           ,
           only
           the
           Men
           have
           a
           thing
           like
           an
           Extinguisher
           of
           Silver
           or
           gold
           plate
           tyed
           round
           their
           middle
           to
           cover
           their
           .
           Yard
           ,
           and
           the
           Women
           tye
           a
           piece
           of
           Cloath
           before
           them
           ,
           which
           comes
           as
           low
           as
           their
           Knee
           ;
           but
           they
           use
           none
           of
           these
           Precautions
           till
           they
           come
           to
           the
           years
           of
           puberty
           :
           the
           Members
           that
           have
           not
           those
           Extinguishers
           ,
           make
           use
           of
           a
           piece
           of
           Plaintain
           Leaf
           of
           a
           Conick
           Figure
           .
           They
           are
           in
           general
           a
           modest
           and
           cleanly
           People
           ,
           and
           have
           a
           value
           for
           Cloaths
           if
           they
           had
           them
           .
           The
           better
           sort
           have
           long
           C●…tton
           Garments
           shap'd
           like
           Carmens
           Frocks
           ,
           which
           they
           use
           on
           solemn
           Occasions
           ,
           as
           attending
           the
           King
           or
           Chief
           ,
           &
           c
           for
           an
           Ornament
           to
           the
           face
           ,
           besides
           their
           general
           painting
           and
           daubing
           ,
           the
           Men
           wear
           a
           piece
           of
           Plate
           hanging
           over
           their
           Mouths
           ,
           and
           the
           Chief
           of
           them
           have
           it
           of
           Gold.
           It
           is
           of
           an
           Oval
           form
           ,
           and
           gently
           pinching
           the
           Bridle
           of
           the
           Nose
           with
           its
           points
           ,
           hangs
           dangling
           from
           thence
           as
           low
           as
           the
           under
           Lip
           ;
           and
           instead
           of
           this
           the
           Woman
           wear
           a
           Ring
           thro
           the
           Bridle
           of
           the
           Nose
           :
           they
           lay
           them
           aside
           at
           their
           Feasts
           .
           They
           likewise
           wear
           Chains
           of
           teeth
           ,
           Shells
           ,
           Beads
           ,
           or
           the
           like
           ;
           the
           heavier
           they
           be
           ,
           they
           reckon
           them
           the
           more
           ornamental
           .
           
             Their
             Houses
             ly
             mostly
             scattering
             ,
             and
             always
             by
             a
             River
             side
             .
             but
             in
             some
             places
             they
             are
             so
             many
             as
             to
             form
             a
             Town
             or
             Village
             .
             Their
             Walls
             are
             made
             up
             of
             Sticks
             ,
             and
             daubed
             over
             with
             Earth
             :
             The
             Fire
             is
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             the
             House
             ,
             and
             the
             Smoke
             goes
             out
             at
             a
             hole
             in
             the
             Roof
             ,
             they
             are
             not
             divided
             into
             Stories
             or
             Rooms
             ,
             but
             into
             Hovels
             ;
             every
             one
             has
             a
             Hammock
             for
             a
          
           
           
             Bed
             in
             one
             of
             these
             Hovels
             .
             They
             have
             no
             Doors
             ,
             shelves
             ,
             or
             ●…eats
             ,
             other
             than
             Logs
             of
             Wood.
             Every
             Neighbourhood
             has
             a
             Warehouse
             of
          
           130
           
             foot
             long
             ,
             the
             sides
             and
             ends
             full
             of
             Holes
             ,
             w●…nce
             they
             shoot
             their
             Arrows
             on
             the
             approach
             of
             the
          
           Spaniards
           .
           
             In
             their
             Plantations
             they
             set
             so
             much
             Plantain
             ,
             Maiz
             ,
             &c
             ,
             as
             serves
             their
             occasions
             :
             They
             likewise
             make
             Drink
             of
             Maiz.
             which
             they
             forment
             by
             Grains
             of
             the
             same
             chewed
             in
             their
             Mouths
             .
             They
             have
             also
             another
             sort
             of
             D●…ink
             ,
             which
             they
             make
             of
             Plantains
             .
             Most
             of
             the
             Drudgery
             is
             per●…ormed
             by
             the
             Women
             with
             great
             cheerfulness
             ,
             being
             very
             well
             condition'd
             and
             d●…tiful
             to
             their
             Husbands
             ,
             who
             are
             otherways
             very
             indulgent
             to
             them
             ▪
             and
             their
             Children
             The
             VVomen
             wash
             the
             Mother
             and
             Child
             in
             a
             River
             within
             an
             hour
             after
             their
             Delivery
             .
             The
             Boys
             are
             bred
             to
             the
             Bow
             ,
             Hunting
             ,
             and
             Fishing
             ,
          
           &c
           ,
           
             in
             which
             they
             are
             mighty
             dexterous
             ;
             and
             the
             Girls
             help
             the
             Women
             in
             dressing
             their
             Victuals
             ,
             weaving
             ,
             m●…king
             Cotton
             Cloth
             ,
             Cordage
             ,
             Nets
             ,
          
           &c.
           
             and
             the
             Men
             make
             Baskets
             very
             neat
             ,
             dying
             the
             Materials
             first
             with
             lively
             Colours
             .
             They
             allow
             Poligamy
             ,
             but
             punish
             Adultery
             with
             Death
             of
             both
             Parties
             :
             They
             punish
             Theft
             also
             with
             death
             ;
             and
             Fornication
             with
             thrusting
             a
             Briar
             up
             the
             Man's
             Tard
             ,
             whereof
             they
             commonly
             die
             ;
             the
             Facts
             must
             be
             proven
             by
             Oath
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             swearing
             by
             their
             Tooth
             .
          
        
         
           
             When
             they
             Marry
             ,
             the
             Father
             or
             nearest
             Kinsman
             keeps
             the
             Bride
             privatly
             in
             his
             own
             Appartments
             the
             first
             seven
             Nigbts
             ,
             and
             then
             she
             is
             deliver'd
             to
             her
             Husband
             :
          
           All
           the
           Neighbours
           for
           some
           M
           les
           round
           ,
           are
           Invited
           to
           a
           great
           Feast
           ,
           and
           bring
           Provisions
           with
           them
           ,
           The
           Fathers
           o●…
           the
           young
           Couple
           bring
           them
           forth
           in
           their
           hands
           ,
           and
           the
           Bridegrooms
           Father
           makes
           a
           Speech
           ;
           then
           he
           dances
           about
           in
           Antick
           Gestures
           ,
           till
           all
           on
           a
           sweat
           ,
           when
           he
           kneels
           down
           ,
           and
           gives
           his
           Son
           to
           the
           Bride
           ,
           her
           Father
           also
           having
           danc'd
           himself
           into
           a
           sweat
           ,
           and
           presenting
           her
           to
           the
           Bridegroom
           in
           the
           same
           manner
           ;
           then
           they
           take
           each
           other
           by
           the
           Hand
           ,
           and
           so
           the
           Ceremonie
           Concludes
           .
           
             After
             this
             all
             the
             Men
             take
             up
             their
             Axes
             ,
             and
             run
             shouting
             to
             a
             Tract
             of
             Wo●…d-land
             to
             prepare
             a
             Plantation
             for
             the
             new
             Couple
             .
          
           That
           being
           done
           ,
           
           they
           have
           their
           Feast
           ,
           and
           afterwards
           Drink
           hard
           ,
           all
           their
           〈◊〉
           being
           first
           put
           out
           of
           the
           way
           ,
           to
           prevent
           danger
           in
           case
           of
           Quarrelling
           .
           They
           divert
           themselves
           sometimes
           by
           dancing
           ,
           and
           piping
           on
           a
           small
           hollow
           Bamboe
           ,
           but
           without
           distinction
           of
           Notes
           :
           The
           Men
           and
           Women
           never
           dance
           nor
           feast
           together
           ,
           but
           apart
           .
           The
           Women
           accompany
           them
           likewise
           in
           their
           hunting
           Expeditions
           ,
           which
           sometimes
           last
           20
           Days
           :
           They
           tie
           their
           Hamocks
           betwixt
           two
           Trees
           cover
           them
           with
           Plantain
           Leaves
           ,
           and
           have
           Fires
           all
           Night
           by
           their
           Hammocks
           :
           Such
           of
           their
           Prey
           as
           they
           take
           a
           Hunting
           ,
           and
           design
           to
           keep
           for
           Future
           use
           ,
           they
           Barbecue
           in
           the
           Woods
           ;
           and
           what
           they
           make
           use
           of
           for
           present
           Sustainance
           ,
           they
           mix
           with
           Roots
           ,
           Plantain
           ,
           Bonanoes
           ,
           and
           Pepper
           ,
           and
           stew
           it
           together
           till
           it
           be
           brought
           to
           a
           Pulp
           ;
           which
           they
           take
           up
           with
           the
           two
           foremost
           Fingers
           of
           their
           Right
           Hand
           bent
           hookwise
           ,
           and
           put
           into
           their
           Mouths
           .
           They
           travel
           by
           direction
           of
           the
           Sun
           ,
           or
           the
           bending
           of
           the
           Trees
           ,
           according
           as
           the
           Wind
           is
           .
           None
           of
           the
           English
           Authors
           take
           notice
           of
           their
           Worship
           or
           Religion
           ,
           but
           give
           an
           account
           that
           they
           Pawaw
           ,
           or
           consult
           the
           Devil
           to
           know
           Futurities
           ;
           And
           it
           would
           seem
           they
           are
           as
           ignorant
           in
           matters
           of
           Physick
           and
           Chi●…gery
           ,
           since
           when
           they
           would
           set
           a
           patient
           Blood
           ,
           they
           set
           him
           upon
           the
           Bank
           of
           a
           River
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           little
           Bow
           ,
           and
           small
           Arrow
           ,
           gag'd
           that
           it
           may
           enter
           no
           further
           than
           our
           Lancets
           ,
           they
           shoot
           as
           sast
           as
           they
           can
           at
           all
           parts
           of
           the
           Patient
           '
           s
           Body
           ;
           and
           if
           they
           chance
           to
           hit
           on
           a
           Vein
           ,
           that
           the
           Blood
           spurs
           out
           a
           little
           ,
           they
           testify
           their
           Joy
           by
           antick
           Dances
           .
        
         
           WE
           Come
           next
           to
           give
           an
           Account
           of
           the
           Settlement
           of
           our
           Men
           there
           ;
           how
           they
           were
           receiv'd
           by
           the
           Natives
           ;
           wh
           t
           Indian
           Princes
           there
           are
           in
           their
           Neighbourhood
           ;
           in
           what
           state
           they
           found
           the
           Affairs
           of
           the
           Country
           ;
           and
           of
           the
           Situation
           of
           our
           Colony
           .
        
         
         
           
             On
             the
          
           27th
           of
           October
           1698.
           
             our
             Ships
             came
             to
             an
             Anchor
             in
             a
             fair
             sandy
             Bay
             ,
             3
             Leagues
             W.
             off
             the
             Gulf
             of
          
           Darien
           ;
           
             upon
             which
             two
             Canoes
             ,
             with
             several
          
           Indies
           ,
           
             came
             on
             Board
             ,
             were
             very
             free
             with
             our
             Men
             ,
             told
             them
             they
             had
             been
             long
             Expected
             ,
             and
             were
             very
             welcome
             :
             Our
             Men
             gave
             them
             some
             old
             Hats
             ,
             Looking
             ▪
             glasses
             and
             Knives
             ,
             with
             which
             they
             were
             extremly
             well
             pleas'd
             ,
             and
             ue●…t
             off
             .
             When
             our
             Ships
             stood
             further
             into
             the
             Bay
             ,
             they
             saw
             about
          
           20
           Indians
           
             drawn
             up
             on
             the
             Shoar
             ,
             being
             Arm'd
             with
             Bows
             and
             Lances
             ;
             upon
             which
             a
             Boat
             being
             sent
             a●…hoar
             ,
             and
             making
             a
             signal
             of
             Peace
             ,
             they
             unstrung
             their
             Bows
             ,
             talk'd
             Familiarly
             ,
             and
             told
             our
             Men
             that
             two
             great
             Captains
             would
             in
             a
             little
             time
             come
             on
             board
             our
             Ships
             .
             Acco●…dingly
             on
          
           November
           2d
           
             in
             the
             morning
             Capt.
          
           Andreas
           ,
           
             on
             of
             their
             Princes
             accompained
             by
             12
             Men.
             came
             on
             board
             ,
             and
             ask'd
             their
             bussines
             ;
             He
             was
             Answered
             ,
             that
             we
             came
             to
             live
             among
             them
             and
             Trade
             with
             them
             ,
             and
             would
             afford
             them
             your
             European
             Commodities
             ,
             Cheaper
             then
             any
             other
             People
             .
             He
             ask'd
             if
             we
             were
             Friends
             or
             Enemies
             to
             the
          
           Spaniards
           ;
           
             and
             was
             answered
             that
             we
             were
             at
             peace
             with
             all
             men
             ,
             and
             would
             make
             war
             upon
             no
             man
             ,
             except
             they
             injur'd
             us
             .
             He
             took
             us
             for
             Buccaneers
             ,
             and
             told
             us
             he
             knew
             Capt.
          
           Swan
           
             and
             Capt.
          
           Davis
           
             in
             the
             South
             Sea
             ,
             and
             commended
             them
             as
             men
             of
             〈◊〉
             .
             We
             heard
             that
             part
             of
             his
             Discourse
             with
             very
             much
             couldness
             ,
             and
             told
             him
             we
             came
             on
             no
             such
             designe
             as
             those
             men
             did
             ,
             but
             had
             Authority
             for
             what
             we
             undertook
             .
             We
             treated
             him
             civilly
             ,
             gave
             him
             a
             Hat
             lac'd
             with
             Gold
             ,
             and
             some
             Toys
             :
             and
             so
             he
             parted
             ,
             promising
             in
             a
             little
             time
             to
             come
             again
             ;
             which
             he
             accordingly
             did
             ,
             and
             brought
          
           Don
           Pedro
           ,
           
             another
             of
             their
             Princes
             or
             Captains
             ,
             with
             him
             .
             Captain
          
           Andreas
           
             was
             freer
             with
             us
             than
             at
             first
             ,
             plainly
             own'd
             that
             he
             took
             us
             for
             Buccaneers
             ,
             and
             complain'd
             that
             some
          
           English
           men
           
             of
             that
             sort
             ,
             had
             after
             great
             pretences
             of
             Friendship
             ,
             carried
             off
             some
             of
             their
             People
             ,
             and
             therefore
          
           Don
           Pedro
           
             would
             not
             come
             aboard
             us
             ,
             till
             he
             had
             further
             assurance
             of
             us
             .
          
        
         
           Captain
           Andreas
           is
           a
           person
           of
           small
           stature
           ;
           he
           affects
           the
           Spanish
           Gravity
           ,
           as
           having
           been
           often
           among
           them
           at
           the
           Mines
           of
           
           
             Santa
             Maria
             ,
             Panama
          
           ,
           &c.
           and
           formerly
           had
           a
           Commission
           under
           them
           as
           a
           Captain
           ,
           upon
           which
           he
           values
           himself
           above
           others
           .
           The
           French
           hate
           him
           Mortally
           ,
           because
           of
           something
           he
           did
           against
           some
           of
           their
           Nation
           formerly
           .
           When
           he
           came
           on
           board
           us
           ,
           he
           had
           a
           sort
           of
           a
           Coat
           of
           red
           loose
           Stuff
           ,
           an
           old
           Hat
           ,
           a
           pair
           Drawers
           ,
           but
           no
           Stockings
           nor
           Shoes
           ;
           and
           the
           rest
           that
           came
           with
           him
           were
           all
           naked
           ,
           excepting
           their
           Penis
           ,
           which
           was
           covered
           by
           Extinguishers
           ,
           as
           formerly
           mention'd
           .
        
         
           
             Upon
             further
             communing
             ,
             Capt.
          
           Andreas
           
             was
             very
             well
             pleas'd
             with
             us
             ,
             offered
             us
             what
             part
             of
             the
             Country
             we
             would
             chuse
             ,
             and
             accepted
             a
             Commission
             from
             us
             ;
             and
             at
             the
             same
             time
             we
             gave
             him
             a
             Basket
             hiltted
             Sword
             ,
             and
             a
             pair
             of
             Pis●…ols
             :
             upon
             which
             he
             promised
             to
             defend
             us
             to
             the
             last
             of
             his
             Blood.
             
          
        
         
           
             Some
             of
             the
             Princes
             on
             this
             side
             the
          
           Isthmus
           
             had
             been
             in
             Peace
             with
             the
          
           Spaniards
           
             for
             several
             years
             ,
             and
             suffered
             a
             few
             of
             them
             to
             reside
             amongst
             them
             ,
             to
             give
             notice
             to
          
           Panama
           
             of
             what
             Ships
             came
             upon
             these
             Coasts
             ;
             but
             upon
             some
             fresh
             disgust
             ,
             about
             two
             months
             before
             we
             arriv'd
             ,
             Capt.
          
           Ambrosio
           ,
           
             who
             is
             the
             most
             noted
             Prince
             among'st
             'em
             ,
             had
             oblig'd
             them
             to
             enter
             into
             a
             common
             Alliance
             against
          
           Spain
           ,
           
             and
             cut
             off
             ten
          
           Spaniards
           ,
           
             who
             liv'd
             upon
          
           Golden-Island
           .
        
         
           The
           Place
           where
           we
           are
           setled
           is
           4
           Miles
           East
           of
           Golden-Island
           ,
           within
           a
           great
           Bay.
           We
           have
           〈◊〉
           excellent
           Harbour
           ,
           surrounded
           with
           high
           Mountains
           ,
           capable
           of
           holding
           a
           Thousand
           Sail
           Land-lock'd
           ,
           and
           safe
           from
           all
           〈◊〉
           and
           Tempests
           .
           The
           Mouth
           of
           the
           Harbour
           is
           about
           〈◊〉
           Cannon-shot
           over
           ,
           form'd
           by
           a
           Peninsula
           on
           the
           one
           side
           ,
           and
           a
           point
           of
           Land
           on
           the
           other
           .
           In
           the
           middle
           of
           the
           Entrance
           there
           is
           a
           Rock
           three
           foot
           above
           water
           ,
           upon
           which
           the
           Sea
           breaks
           most
           terribly
           when
           the
           Wind
           blows
           hard
           ;
           and
           within
           the
           Points
           there
           is
           a
           small
           Rock
           that
           lies
           a
           little
           under
           water
           .
           On
           both
           sides
           these
           Rocks
           there
           's
           a
           very
           good
           wide
           Channel
           for
           Ships
           to
           come
           in
           :
           That
           on
           the
           South-side
           is
           three
           Cables
           lon
           ,
           and
           seven
           Fathom
           depth
           ;
           and
           that
           on
           the
           North
           two
           Cables
           long
           .
           From
           the
           two
           outermost
           points
           the
           Harbour
           runs
           
           away
           East
           a
           Mile
           and
           an
           half
           ;
           and
           near
           the
           midle
           ,
           on
           the
           Right
           hand
           ,
           a
           point
           of
           Land
           shoots
           out
           into
           the
           Bay
           :
           so
           that
           by
           raising
           Forts
           on
           the
           said
           Point
           ,
           on
           the
           Rock
           in
           the
           midle
           of
           the
           Entrance
           ,
           and
           the
           two
           outermost
           Points
           ,
           it
           will
           be
           the
           Strongest
           Ha●…bour
           ,
           both
           by
           Art
           and
           Nature
           ,
           that
           's
           in
           the
           known
           World.
           The
           Bay
           within
           is
           for
           the
           most
           part
           6
           Fathom
           Water
           ,
           and
           till
           you
           come
           within
           a
           Cable's
           length
           of
           the
           shoar
           ,
           three
           Fathom
           and
           an
           half
           :
           So
           that
           a
           Key
           may
           be
           built
           ,
           to
           which
           great
           Ships
           may
           lay
           their
           Sides
           ,
           and
           Unload
           .
           The
           Peninsula
           lies
           on
           the
           left
           hand
           ,
           is
           a
           mile
           and
           an
           half
           in
           length
           ,
           very
           sleep
           ,
           and
           high
           towards
           the
           Sea
           :
           so
           that
           it
           would
           be
           very
           difficult
           for
           any
           Body
           to
           land
           ,
           till
           you
           come
           to
           the
           Isthmus
           where
           there
           's
           a
           small
           sandy
           Bay
           that
           little
           Ships
           may
           put
           into
           ,
           but
           is
           easie
           to
           be
           secu●…ed
           by
           a
           Ditch
           and
           a
           Fort.
           There
           are
           several
           little
           Rivers
           of
           very
           good
           Water
           that
           fail
           into
           the
           Bay
           ;
           and
           it
           abounds
           so
           with
           excellent
           Fish
           ▪
           that
           we
           can
           with
           ease
           take
           more
           than
           it
           's
           possible
           for
           us
           to
           destroy
           ,
           having
           sometimes
           caught
           140
           at
           a
           Draught
           :
           amongst
           others
           there
           be
           Tortoises
           ,
           which
           are
           excellent
           Meat
           ,
           and
           some
           of
           them
           above
           600
           Weight
           .
        
         
           The
           Peninsula
           was
           never
           inhabited
           ,
           and
           is
           cover'd
           all
           over
           with
           Trees
           of
           various
           sorts
           ,
           as
           stately
           Ced●…rs
           ,
           Brasil-wood
           ,
           
             Lignum
             Vitae
          
           ,
           Box-wood
           ,
           Fustick-wood
           ,
           Yellow
           Sanders
           ,
           Manshinel
           ,
           &c.
           and
           the
           like
           sorts
           ,
           besides
           others
           whose
           Names
           we
           know
           not
           .
           grow
           on
           the
           Continent
           ;
           and
           we
           doubt
           not
           of
           finding
           out
           the
           Nicaragua
           Wood
           :
           We
           have
           found
           Cabbage
           trees
           ,
           the
           Fruit
           of
           which
           eats
           like
           Collyflowers
           .
           
             The
             Natives
             have
             no
             Plantation
             wit●…in
             t●…o
             Miles
             of
             u●…
             .
          
        
         
           We
           have
           a
           Watch
           Tower
           upon
           an
           high
           Hill
           adjoining
           to
           our
           Plantation
           ,
           about
           a
           mile
           South
           of
           the
           Bay
           ,
           from
           whence
           we
           can
           see
           the
           Ships
           in
           the
           Bay
           ,
           the
           Fort
           we
           have
           raised
           on
           the
           Mouth
           of
           the
           Bay
           ,
           and
           as
           far
           as
           the
           Mouth
           of
           the
           River
           Darien
           :
           We
           can
           see
           above
           thirty
           Miles
           Southward
           ,
           and
           have
           a
           fine
           Prospect
           of
           Golden-Island
           ,
           and
           the
           Isle
           of
           Pines
           ,
           Westward
           towards
           Porto-bello
           ,
           
           and
           Northward
           towards
           Jamaica
           .
           The
           Hill
           is
           about
           a
           Mile
           in
           height
           ;
           so
           that
           we
           can
           see
           any
           Ships
           before
           they
           come
           within
           some
           Leagues
           of
           the
           Harbour
           .
           We
           Compute
           our selves
           to
           be
           about
           50
           Leagues
           North
           of
           Ca●…thagena
           ,
           and
           as
           muc●…
           South
           of
           Portobello
           .
           The
           four
           Indian
           Kings
           or
           Captains
           on
           this
           Coast
           ,
           visit
           us
           frequently
           in
           their
           Canoes
           :
           and
           the
           N●…tives
           are
           very
           kind
           to
           us
           ,
           and
           sell
           us
           Plantains
           ,
           Fowls
           ,
           
             &
             c.
          
           ●…or
           Toys
           or
           old
           Shift
           A
           
             French
             man
          
           who
           hath
           married
           one
           of
           the
           Natives
           ,
           informs
           us
           ,
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           have
           Silver
           and
           Gold
           Mines
           on
           the
           I●…thmus
           which
           we
           might
           make
           our selves
           Masters
           of
           with
           a
           100
           Men
           ;
           So
           that
           if
           they
           commit
           Hostilities
           upon
           us
           ,
           as
           we
           hear
           th●…y
           threaten
           to
           do
           ,
           it
           's
           not
           unlikely
           that
           we
           may
           visit
           them
           .
           We
           found
           some
           French
           Refugee●…
           in
           the
           Country
           ,
           who
           are
           willing
           to
           settle
           under
           us
           ,
           and
           having
           been
           several
           Years
           in
           these
           Parts
           ,
           and
           understanding
           the
           Language
           of
           the
           Natives
           ,
           are
           very
           useful
           to
           us
           .
           We
           have
           seen
           some
           Sand
           in
           the
           Rivers
           ,
           which
           looks
           as
           if
           it
           were
           mixt
           with
           Gold
           ,
           and
           in
           some
           places
           the
           Earth
           seems
           to
           be
           very
           much
           mixt
           with
           it
           :
           So
           that
           it
           's
           concluded
           ,
           there
           's
           more
           Gold-dust
           here
           ,
           than
           in
           any
           part
           of
           Guinea
           .
        
         
           The
           Indian
           Princes
           or
           Captains
           on
           this
           Coast
           ,
           do
           somewhat
           resemble
           our
           Heads
           of
           Clans
           in
           Scotland
           ;
           and
           by
           their
           Converse
           at
           times
           with
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           and
           other
           European
           Nations
           ,
           affect
           Christian
           Names
           .
           The
           first
           of
           these
           Princes
           we
           shall
           Name
           ,
           is
           Captain
           Diego
           ;
           he
           commands
           f●…om
           the
           bottom
           of
           the
           Gulph
           of
           Uraba
           on
           this
           fide
           Caret
           Bay
           ,
           and
           has
           3000
           Men
           under
           him
           ;
           he
           has
           been
           at
           War
           with
           the
           Spaniards
           several
           Years
           ,
           occasion'd
           by
           an
           Insult
           his
           People
           had
           receiv'd
           from
           them
           ,
           when
           they
           came
           to
           demand
           their
           share
           in
           the
           Mines
           ,
           which
           they
           had
           discover'd
           to
           the
           Spaniards
           in
           their
           Country
           ,
           on
           condition
           of
           being
           Partners
           with
           them
           :
           But
           when
           they
           came
           to
           demand
           it
           ,
           the
           Spaniards
           treated
           them
           Villanously
           ,
           beat
           and
           abus'd
           them
           ,
           upon
           which
           they
           attack'd
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           cut
           of
           20
           of
           their
           Men
           ,
           and
           three
           Priests
           that
           belong'd
           to
           the
           Mines
           .
        
         
         
           The
           next
           is
           Capt.
           Pousigo
           .
           He
           is
           an
           Indian
           Clergy-man
           ,
           and
           Brother-in-law
           to
           Capt.
           Andreas
           .
           The
           Peninsula
           that
           we
           possess
           ,
           lies
           betwixt
           his
           Territory
           and
           that
           of
           Capt.
           Andreas
           ,
           who
           together
           with
           his
           Brother
           ,
           commands
           from
           
             Golden
             Island
          
           to
           the
           Rive●…
           Pinas
           .
           Their
           Command
           is
           greater
           than
           that
           of
           
             Pousigo
             ▪
          
           but
           not
           so
           great
           as
           that
           of
           Diego
           .
           These
           Princes
           are
           very
           useful
           to
           us
           ,
           because
           of
           their
           Neighbourhood
           and
           Consa●…guinity
           to
           one
           another
           .
        
         
           Capt.
           Ambrosio
           commands
           from
           the
           River
           Pinas
           to
           the
           Samballo●…s
           :
           He
           is
           a
           man
           of
           about
           60
           years
           of
           age
           ,
           but
           strong
           and
           vigorous
           ,
           well
           limb'd
           and
           of
           a
           stern
           Countenance
           :
           he
           is
           a
           mortal
           Enemy
           to
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           with
           whom
           he
           hath
           had
           a
           long
           War
           ▪
           he
           is
           esteemed
           the
           bravest
           of
           all
           the
           Indian
           Captains
           .
           His
           Son
           ▪
           in
           ▪
           law
           
             Don
             Pedro
          
           having
           been
           taken
           by
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           and
           kept
           by
           them
           as
           a
           Slave
           at
           Panama
           ,
           he
           can
           never
           forget
           no●…
           forgive
           it
           them
           :
           This
           young
           man
           is
           a
           great
           Friend
           to
           the
           French
           ,
           who
           they
           are
           made
           to
           believe
           design
           to
           come
           and
           settle
           among
           them
           .
           Ambrosio
           and
           his
           Son
           in
           Law
           prest
           us
           much
           to
           come
           and
           settle
           in
           their
           Dominions
           ,
           and
           join
           with
           them
           to
           make
           war
           on
           the
           Spaniards
           :
           We
           gave
           them
           fair
           Words
           ,
           and
           promis'd
           to
           come
           and
           view
           their
           Coasts
           ;
           which
           we
           accordingly
           did
           ,
           and
           in
           our
           Way
           thither
           ,
           four
           Leagues
           Westward
           of
           our
           Settlement
           ,
           we
           found
           an
           excellent
           Harbour
           ,
           capable
           of
           10000
           Sail
           ;
           but
           it
           cannot
           be
           defended
           without
           many
           Forts
           :
           Here
           the
           Privateers
           used
           to
           come
           and
           careen
           .
        
         
           Capt.
           
           Ambro●…io's
           House
           lyes
           about
           a
           L●…ague
           from
           the
           Water
           side
           ,
           on
           the
           bank
           of
           a
           River
           ,
           having
           12
           lesser
           houses
           about
           it
           :
           When
           we
           drew
           near
           it
           ,
           he
           advanced
           50
           paces
           to
           meet
           us
           ,
           being
           attended
           by
           20
           men
           in
           white
           loose
           Frocks
           with
           Fringes
           round
           t●…e
           bottom
           ,
           and
           arm'd
           with
           Lances
           .
           He
           saluted
           us
           kindly
           ,
           and
           gave
           us
           a
           Calabash
           of
           Liquor
           almost
           like
           Lambs-wool
           ,
           made
           of
           Indian
           Corn
           and
           Potatoes
           .
           His
           house
           is
           90
           foot
           long
           ,
           35
           broad
           ,
           and
           30
           in
           height
           ,
           curiously
           thatch'd
           with
           Palmetto
           Royal
           ,
           and
           over
           
           that
           Cotton
           leaves
           ,
           the
           floor
           is
           of
           firm
           Earth
           like
           Tarras
           ,
           very
           smooth
           and
           clean
           the
           sides
           are
           compos'd
           of
           large
           Canes
           ,
           as
           thick
           as
           a
           Man's
           Leg.
           In
           this
           House
           live
           Ambrosio
           and
           his
           Son
           in
           Law
           
             Don
             Pedro
          
           ,
           with
           both
           their
           Families
           ,
           consisting
           of
           about
           40
           Persons
           .
           We
           saw
           
           Ambrosio's
           Grandmother
           there
           ,
           who
           is
           120
           years
           old
           ,
           and
           yet
           was
           very
           active
           in
           getting
           things
           ready
           for
           our
           Entertainment
           ,
           she
           has
           6
           Generations
           deseended
           from
           her
           now
           in
           the
           House
           with
           her
           ,
           the
           People
           live
           here
           to
           150
           and
           160
           years
           of
           age
           ;
           but
           those
           that
           converse
           much
           with
           Europeans
           ,
           and
           drink
           strong
           Drink
           ,
           don't
           live
           so
           long
           .
        
         
           From
           the
           Samballoes
           to
           the
           River
           of
           Conception
           ,
           the
           Countrey
           is
           commanded
           by
           one
           Corbet
           ;
           who
           is
           altogether
           in
           the
           French
           interest
           ,
           he
           having
           contracted
           a
           Friendship
           with
           ●…heir
           Privateers
           seven
           years
           ago
           ,
           and
           done
           them
           many
           good
           Offices
           .
           They
           promised
           to
           reward
           him
           ●…f
           he
           would
           go
           to
           
             Petit
             Guavus
          
           ,
           and
           in
           his
           way
           thither
           he
           was
           taken
           by
           an
           English
           Privateer
           ,
           &
           carried
           to
           Jamaica
           ,
           whence
           the
           Governor
           of
           
             Petit
             Guavus
          
           got
           him
           releas'd
           .
           He
           was
           with
           Pointi
           at
           the
           taking
           of
           
             Cartagena
             ▪
          
           and
           has
           a
           Commission
           from
           the
           French
           to
           be
           General
           of
           all
           the
           French
           and
           Indian
           Forces
           on
           that
           Coast
           ,
           and
           to
           take
           ,
           sink
           ,
           and
           destroy
           Spaniards
           or
           any
           other
           Enemies
           .
           Yet
           the
           French
           themselves
           ,
           and
           the
           sensible
           part
           of
           the
           Indians
           ,
           don't
           put
           any
           Confidence
           in
           him
           ;
           and
           Ambrosio
           who
           is
           the
           bravest
           of
           all
           those
           Indian
           Captains
           ,
           keeps
           him
           in
           aw
           and
           within
           bounds
           .
        
         
           Next
           to
           Corbet
           ,
           there
           's
           another
           of
           their
           Captains
           call'd
           Nicola
           ,
           who
           is
           said
           to
           be
           a
           wise
           ,
           brave
           and
           good
           natur'd
           Prince
           ,
           insomuch
           that
           the
           Indians
           had
           a
           mind
           to
           have
           s●…t
           him
           up
           instead
           of
           Ambrosio
           ,
           who
           is
           of
           a
           rugged
           military
           temper
           :
           But
           
           Ambrosio's
           Authority
           and
           Power
           is
           so
           great
           ,
           that
           they
           did
           not
           find
           it
           practicable
           .
           Nicola
           is
           a
           mortal
           Enemy
           to
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           and
           can
           never
           entertain
           a
           good
           thought
           of
           them
           ▪
           since
           the
           Governor
           of
           
             Porto
             Bello
          
           rob'd
           him
           of
           a
           curious
           Fusee
           that
           had
           been
           presented
           him
           by
           some
           of
           the
           Buccaneers
           ;
           and
           being
           out
           of
           Order
           ,
           he
           sent
           it
           thither
           to
           be
           mended
           ;
           
           upon
           which
           the
           Governor
           taking
           a
           liking
           to
           it
           ,
           kept
           it
           to
           himself
           ;
           and
           sent
           Nicola
           another
           sorry
           piece
           instead
           of
           it
           .
        
         
           Since
           we
           came
           hither
           ,
           there
           have
           been
           an
           English
           ,
           a
           Dutch
           ,
           and
           a
           French
           Ship
           in
           our
           Bay.
           The
           English
           Sh●…p
           was
           Capt.
           Long
           in
           the
           Rupert
           Prize
           ;
           he
           had
           been
           in
           the
           Gulf
           of
           Uraba
           ,
           but
           he
           himself
           and
           his
           Men
           own'd
           ,
           that
           they
           had
           not
           then
           been
           ashore
           there
           .
           He
           hath
           some
           way
           or
           other
           disoblig'd
           the
           Captains
           Ambrosio
           and
           Diego
           .
           Tho
           we
           treated
           him
           with
           all
           possible
           Civility
           ,
           yet
           we
           are
           since
           inform'd
           that
           he
           hath
           been
           a
           days
           Journy
           into
           the
           Gulf
           ,
           and
           endeavour'd
           to
           incense
           the
           Indians
           against
           us
           ,
           telling
           them
           that
           we
           were
           Privateers
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           King
           of
           England
           would
           not
           protect
           us
           .
           He
           left
           some
           Men
           in
           the
           Bay
           ,
           who
           have
           since
           kill'd
           some
           Spani●…rds
           ,
           and
           came
           to
           us
           for
           Arms
           and
           Ammunition
           ,
           but
           we
           told
           them
           we
           could
           not
           grant
           them
           any
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           had
           done
           what
           they
           could
           not
           justify
           .
           We
           gave
           them
           however
           what
           was
           necessary
           for
           fitting
           up
           a
           Boat
           ;
           and
           as
           a
           reward
           .
           they
           〈◊〉
           away
           the
           Carpenter
           and
           Mate
           of
           one
           of
           our
           Ships
           call'd
           the
           Unicorn
           .
        
         
           The
           Dutch
           Ship
           that
           came
           hither
           was
           afraid
           of
           the
           Spanish
           Barlavento
           .
           Fleet
           ,
           and
           put
           in
           here
           for
           protection
           ,
           that
           Fleet
           having
           made
           prize
           of
           another
           Dutch
           Ship
           of
           32
           Guns
           ,
           and
           of
           two
           English
           Sloops
           for
           Trading
           on
           those
           Coasts
           .
        
         
           The
           French
           Ship
           that
           put
           in
           here
           ,
           was
           that
           which
           was
           order'd
           to
           carry
           back
           the
           Church-plate
           ,
           &c.
           to
           Carthagena
           ,
           did
           afterwards
           bulge
           on
           a
           Rock
           ,
           and
           was
           cast
           away
           in
           our
           Harbour
           .
           We
           sav'd
           all
           their
           lives
           ,
           and
           Capt.
           Pennicook
           our
           Commodore
           endanger'd
           his
           own
           Life
           to
           save
           that
           of
           the
           French
           Captain
           .
           He
           inform'd
           us
           ,
           that
           the
           French
           had
           4
           Men
           of
           War
           of
           50
           Guns
           each
           ,
           who
           thinking
           we
           had
           a
           design
           on
           the
           River
           Mississipi
           ,
           were
           gone
           to
           the
           Gulf
           of
           Mexico
           in
           quest
           of
           us
           .
           The
           French
           have
           been
           very
           industrious
           in
           cultivating
           their
           Interest
           ,
           both
           with
           the
           Natives
           and
           Spaniards
           in
           this
           part
           of
           America
           ,
           and
           doubt
           not
           of
           having
           a
           good
           share
           in
           those
           Countries
           after
           the
           King
           of
           
           Spain's
           Death
           .
        
         
         
           They
           have
           got
           a
           great
           Interest
           with
           Captain
           Ambrosio
           .
           by
           means
           of
           his
           Son-in
           Law
           
             Don
             Pedro
          
           ,
           whom
           they
           Carress
           extremly
           ,
           and
           design'd
           to
           have
           carried
           him
           to
           
             Petit
             Guavus
          
           ,
           and
           from
           thence
           into
           France
           ,
           to
           aquaint
           the
           French
           King
           with
           the
           favourable
           Sentiments
           the
           Indians
           have
           en●…ertain'd
           of
           the
           French
           ,
           and
           of
           their
           design
           to
           surrender
           themselves
           into
           his
           Majesty
           .
        
         
           This
           has
           been
           projected
           by
           the
           French
           a
           long
           time
           ,
           but
           the
           King
           of
           Spains
           indispositio●…
           ,
           and
           their
           pretences
           to
           that
           Crown
           ,
           made
           them
           refer
           it
           ;
           and
           it
           s
           no
           doubt
           but
           our
           Settlement
           will
           quicken
           those
           Resolutions
           .
           Captain
           Andreas
           Capt
           Pedro
           his
           Brother
           ,
           Capt.
           Diego
           ,
           and
           Capt.
           Pou●…igo
           .
           our
           Neighbours
           ,
           have
           no
           manner
           of
           Correspondence
           with
           the
           French.
           The
           Letter
           hath
           acquainted
           us
           ,
           that
           there
           are
           several
           Gold
           Mines
           within
           two
           Miles
           of
           our
           Settlement
           ,
           which
           he
           hath
           promised
           to
           shew
           us
           ;
           and
           he
           hath
           actually
           let
           us
           see
           several
           Samples
           o●…
           fine
           Gold.
           
        
         
           This
           being
           the
           Substance
           of
           several
           Journals
           ,
           that
           were
           sent
           from
           our
           Colony
           in
           Da●…ien
           ,
           upon
           their
           first
           Settlement
           there
           ,
           we
           hope
           its
           sufficient
           of
           it self
           to
           satisfie
           our
           Neighbours
           in
           England
           ,
           of
           the
           Justice
           of
           our
           Cause
           ,
           of
           the
           equity
           of
           our
           Proceedings
           ,
           of
           the
           true
           Reason
           why
           the
           French
           are
           so
           much
           our
           Enemies
           in
           this
           matter
           ,
           of
           the
           greatness
           of
           the
           providence
           that
           has
           put
           us
           in
           Possession
           of
           that
           post
           ,
           and
           that
           it
           is
           Englands
           Interest
           to
           join
           with
           and
           protect
           us
           ,
           by
           which
           the
           Designs
           of
           the
           French
           against
           Europe
           in
           general
           ,
           and
           Grèat
           Britain̄
           in
           particular
           ,
           may
           be
           Defeated
           ,
           and
           the
           
             English
             West-Indies
          
           Trade
           secur'd
           .
           But
           since
           by
           the
           Proclamations
           before
           mentioned
           ,
           which
           treat
           us
           as
           Rebels
           and
           Pirats
           in
           
             America
             ▪
          
           for
           what
           we
           have
           done
           according
           to
           Act
           of
           Parliament
           in
           Scotland
           ,
           our
           Ships
           may
           be
           in
           danger
           of
           being
           attack'd
           by
           other
           N●…tions
           as
           Pirates
           ,
           and
           our
           Colony
           discountenanc'd
           and
           oppos'd
           on
           that
           account
           by
           the
           Natives
           ;
           there
           's
           no
           reason
           that
           our
           Neighbours
           should
           think
           strange
           i●…
           we
           complain
           of
           that
           unkind
           usage
           ,
           and
           endeavour
           to
           lay
           before
           them
           what
           may
           Probably
           be
           the
           Consequences
           of
           such
           Proceedings
           ,
           without
           
           being
           Construed
           either
           to
           threaten
           or
           to
           wish
           ,
           that
           any
           ●…uch
           thing
           should
           happen
           .
        
         
           It
           being
           evident
           that
           by
           offering
           to
           admit
           the
           English
           as
           joint
           .
           sharers
           in
           our
           Trade
           ,
           we
           entertain
           no
           Sentiments
           but
           what
           are
           Friendly
           towards
           that
           Nation
           ,
           being
           satisfied
           that
           all
           those
           who
           wish
           well
           to
           the
           Protestant
           Religion
           and
           true
           Liberty
           ,
           are
           Enemies
           to
           any
           thing
           that
           may
           occasion
           a
           breach
           of
           the
           Union
           and
           good
           understanding
           betwixt
           us
           .
           Yet
           it
           must
           be
           own'd
           that
           we
           have
           but
           too
           great
           reason
           to
           complain
           of
           the
           Hardships
           we
           suffer
           by
           the
           Union
           of
           the
           Crowns
           ,
           which
           it
           is
           in
           the
           power
           of
           England
           to
           remedy
           ,
           by
           complying
           with
           the
           gracious
           Proposals
           of
           uniting
           the
           Nations
           ,
           repeated
           in
           Pa●…liament
           by
           his
           Majesty
           ,
           who-like
           a
           true
           Father
           of
           his
           Country
           .
           has
           expos'd
           himself
           to
           the
           greatest
           of
           dangers
           to
           procure
           the
           Welfare
           and
           Peace
           of
           his
           Subjects
           ,
           by
           which
           he
           has
           made
           an
           absolute
           Conque●…t
           of
           the
           Hearts
           of
           all
           good
           men
           who
           are
           unanimous
           to
           join
           in
           the
           like
           Prayer
           for
           him
           ,
           that
           the
           Israelites
           of
           old
           put
           up
           for
           their
           Kings
           ,
           viz.
           
             That
             he
             may
             live
             for
             ever
             .
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
         
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A40373-e460
           
             *
             〈◊〉
             
               New
               Voyag●…
               and
               description
               o●…
               the
               〈◊〉
               of
            
             America
             .
             p.
             11.
             
             6●…
             ,
             149
             ,
             150
             ,
             151.